diff --git a/METADATA b/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d97975c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+third_party {
+  license_type: NOTICE
+}
diff --git a/build/phone-hdpi-512-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-hdpi-512-dalvik-heap.mk
index 102c3f1..f9a12ef 100644
--- a/build/phone-hdpi-512-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-hdpi-512-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a standard high density
 # phone with around 512MB total RAM.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=5m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=48m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=128m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=2m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=5m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=48m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=128m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=2m
diff --git a/build/phone-hdpi-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-hdpi-dalvik-heap.mk
index cc0ac90..71cce74 100644
--- a/build/phone-hdpi-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-hdpi-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a standard high density phone.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=5m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=32m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=2m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=5m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=32m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=2m
diff --git a/build/phone-xhdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-xhdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
index 221227d..a522a7d 100644
--- a/build/phone-xhdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-xhdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a xhdpi phone
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=96m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=256m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=8m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=96m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=256m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=8m
diff --git a/build/phone-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
index 7ccfc13..f38d2f2 100644
--- a/build/phone-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a 2GB phone
 # 192m of RAM gives enough space for 5 8 megapixel camera bitmaps in RAM.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=192m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=512m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=8m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=192m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=512m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=8m
diff --git a/build/phone-xhdpi-4096-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-xhdpi-4096-dalvik-heap.mk
index 2b84841..a6ff5a8 100644
--- a/build/phone-xhdpi-4096-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-xhdpi-4096-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a 4GB phone
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=192m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=512m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.6 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=16m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=192m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=512m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.6 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=16m
diff --git a/build/phone-xhdpi-6144-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/phone-xhdpi-6144-dalvik-heap.mk
index 2bacc4a..f08830b 100644
--- a/build/phone-xhdpi-6144-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/phone-xhdpi-6144-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a 6GB phone
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=16m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=256m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=512m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.5 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=32m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=16m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=256m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=512m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.5 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=32m
diff --git a/build/tablet-10in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/tablet-10in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
index 1721fcc..48c6ea6 100644
--- a/build/tablet-10in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/tablet-10in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a standard tablet device.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=16m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=192m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=512m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=8m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=16m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=192m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=512m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=8m
diff --git a/build/tablet-7in-hdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/tablet-7in-hdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
index 7fd34b5..d0027dc 100644
--- a/build/tablet-7in-hdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/tablet-7in-hdpi-1024-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a standard tablet device.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=8m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=80m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=384m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=8m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=8m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=80m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=384m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=8m
diff --git a/build/tablet-7in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/tablet-7in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
index e0f20c1..7c06b4b 100644
--- a/build/tablet-7in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/tablet-7in-xhdpi-2048-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a 320dpi 7" tablet device.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=16m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=192m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=512m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=8m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=16m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=192m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=512m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=8m
diff --git a/build/tablet-dalvik-heap.mk b/build/tablet-dalvik-heap.mk
index f577fb8..1688665 100644
--- a/build/tablet-dalvik-heap.mk
+++ b/build/tablet-dalvik-heap.mk
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 
 # Provides overrides to configure the Dalvik heap for a standard tablet device.
 
-PRODUCT_PROPERTY_OVERRIDES += \
-    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize=5m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit=48m \
-    dalvik.vm.heapsize=256m \
-    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization=0.75 \
-    dalvik.vm.heapminfree=512k \
-    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree=2m
+PRODUCT_VENDOR_PROPERTIES += \
+    dalvik.vm.heapstartsize?=5m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit?=48m \
+    dalvik.vm.heapsize?=256m \
+    dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization?=0.75 \
+    dalvik.vm.heapminfree?=512k \
+    dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree?=2m
diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
index 28fdaa4..2519ffa 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@
     { "aidl",       "AIDL calls",               ATRACE_TAG_AIDL, { } },
     { "nnapi",      "NNAPI",                    ATRACE_TAG_NNAPI, { } },
     { "rro",        "Runtime Resource Overlay", ATRACE_TAG_RRO, { } },
+    { "sysprop",    "System Property",          ATRACE_TAG_SYSPROP, { } },
     { k_coreServiceCategory, "Core services", 0, { } },
     { k_pdxServiceCategory, "PDX services", 0, { } },
     { "sched",      "CPU Scheduling",   0, {
@@ -172,6 +173,8 @@
         { OPT,      "events/clk/clk_enable/enable" },
         { OPT,      "events/power/cpu_frequency_limits/enable" },
         { OPT,      "events/power/suspend_resume/enable" },
+        { OPT,      "events/cpuhp/cpuhp_enter/enable" },
+        { OPT,      "events/cpuhp/cpuhp_exit/enable" },
     } },
     { "membus",     "Memory Bus Utilization", 0, {
         { REQ,      "events/memory_bus/enable" },
@@ -239,6 +242,10 @@
         { OPT,      "events/kmem/ion_heap_shrink/enable" },
         { OPT,      "events/ion/ion_stat/enable" },
     } },
+    { "thermal",  "Thermal event", 0, {
+        { REQ,      "events/thermal/thermal_temperature/enable" },
+        { OPT,      "events/thermal/cdev_update/enable" },
+    } },
 };
 
 struct TracingVendorCategory {
diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc b/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
index f442dae..994375b 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/power/clock_set_rate/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/power/cpu_frequency_limits/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/power/cpu_frequency_limits/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/cpuhp/cpuhp_enter/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/cpuhp/cpuhp_enter/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/cpuhp/cpuhp_exit/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/cpuhp/cpuhp_exit/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/power/gpu_frequency/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/power/gpu_frequency/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/power/suspend_resume/enable
@@ -166,6 +170,12 @@
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/filemap/mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/filemap/mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache/enable
 
+    # thermal
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/thermal/thermal_temperature/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/thermal/thermal_temperature/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/thermal/cdev_update/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/thermal/cdev_update/enable
+
 # Tracing disabled by default
     write /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on 0
     write /sys/kernel/tracing/tracing_on 0
diff --git a/cmds/bugreport/bugreport.cpp b/cmds/bugreport/bugreport.cpp
index 840ae47..e5c52d8 100644
--- a/cmds/bugreport/bugreport.cpp
+++ b/cmds/bugreport/bugreport.cpp
@@ -27,12 +27,20 @@
 // dumpstate, then connect to the dumpstate local client to read the
 // output. All of the dumpstate output is written to stdout, including
 // any errors encountered while reading/writing the output.
-int main() {
-
+int main(int argc, char* /*argv*/[]) {
   fprintf(stderr, "=============================================================================\n");
-  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: flat bugreports are deprecated, use adb bugreport <zip_file> instead\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Flat (text file, non-zipped) bugreports are deprecated.\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Please generate zipped bugreports instead.\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: On the host use: adb bugreport filename.zip\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: On the device use: bugreportz\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: bugreportz will output the filename to use with adb pull.\n");
   fprintf(stderr, "=============================================================================\n\n\n");
 
+  if (argc != 1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: bugreport\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
   // Start the dumpstate service.
   property_set("ctl.start", "dumpstate");
 
diff --git a/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp b/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
index 40346be..1d48e08 100644
--- a/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
+++ b/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 static void show_usage() {
     fprintf(stderr,
-            "usage: bugreportz [-h | -v]\n"
+            "usage: bugreportz [-hpv]\n"
             "  -h: to display this help message\n"
             "  -p: display progress\n"
             "  -v: to display the version\n"
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // We don't support any non-option arguments.
+    if (optind != argc) {
+        show_usage();
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+
     // TODO: code below was copy-and-pasted from bugreport.cpp (except by the
     // timeout value);
     // should be reused instead.
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
index acca11a..ead491e 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
@@ -110,29 +110,20 @@
     ],
     required: [
         "atrace",
-        "df",
-        "getprop",
         "ip",
         "iptables",
-        "ip6tables",
-        "kill",
         "librank",
         "logcat",
         "lpdump",
         "lpdumpd",
-        "lsmod",
-        "lsof",
-        "netstat",
-        "printenv",
         "procrank",
         "screencap",
         "showmap",
         "ss",
         "storaged",
-        "top",
-        "uptime",
+        "toolbox",
+        "toybox",
         "vdc",
-        "vril-dump",
     ],
     init_rc: ["dumpstate.rc"],
 }
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 581d3de..af41643 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 #include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <log/log_read.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <private/android_logger.h>
@@ -661,14 +662,24 @@
 
 static const long MINIMUM_LOGCAT_TIMEOUT_MS = 50000;
 
-/* timeout in ms to read a list of buffers */
+// Returns the actual readable size of the given buffer or -1 on error.
+static long logcat_buffer_readable_size(const std::string& buffer) {
+    std::unique_ptr<logger_list, decltype(&android_logger_list_free)> logger_list{
+        android_logger_list_alloc(0, 0, 0), &android_logger_list_free};
+    auto logger = android_logger_open(logger_list.get(), android_name_to_log_id(buffer.c_str()));
+
+    return android_logger_get_log_readable_size(logger);
+}
+
+// Returns timeout in ms to read a list of buffers.
 static unsigned long logcat_timeout(const std::vector<std::string>& buffers) {
     unsigned long timeout_ms = 0;
     for (const auto& buffer : buffers) {
-        log_id_t id = android_name_to_log_id(buffer.c_str());
-        unsigned long property_size = __android_logger_get_buffer_size(id);
-        /* Engineering margin is ten-fold our guess */
-        timeout_ms += 10 * (property_size + worst_write_perf) / worst_write_perf;
+        long readable_size = logcat_buffer_readable_size(buffer);
+        if (readable_size > 0) {
+            // Engineering margin is ten-fold our guess.
+            timeout_ms += 10 * (readable_size + worst_write_perf) / worst_write_perf;
+        }
     }
     return timeout_ms > MINIMUM_LOGCAT_TIMEOUT_MS ? timeout_ms : MINIMUM_LOGCAT_TIMEOUT_MS;
 }
@@ -1296,12 +1307,12 @@
 
 static void DumpHals() {
     if (!ds.IsZipping()) {
-        RunCommand("HARDWARE HALS", {"lshal", "-lVSietrpc", "--types=b,c,l,z", "--debug"},
+        RunCommand("HARDWARE HALS", {"lshal", "--all", "--types=all", "--debug"},
                    CommandOptions::WithTimeout(10).AsRootIfAvailable().Build());
         return;
     }
     DurationReporter duration_reporter("DUMP HALS");
-    RunCommand("HARDWARE HALS", {"lshal", "-lVSietrpc", "--types=b,c,l,z"},
+    RunCommand("HARDWARE HALS", {"lshal", "--all", "--types=all"},
                CommandOptions::WithTimeout(10).AsRootIfAvailable().Build());
 
     using android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceManager;
@@ -1481,8 +1492,7 @@
         RunCommand("LSMOD", {"lsmod"});
     }
 
-    if (__android_logger_property_get_bool(
-            "ro.logd.kernel", BOOL_DEFAULT_TRUE | BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_ENG | BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_SVELTE)) {
+    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.logd.kernel", false)) {
         DoKernelLogcat();
     } else {
         do_dmesg();
diff --git a/cmds/dumpsys/dumpsys.cpp b/cmds/dumpsys/dumpsys.cpp
index a427c8d..1327cfd 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpsys/dumpsys.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpsys/dumpsys.cpp
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
     }
 
     const size_t N = services.size();
-    if (N > 1) {
+    if (N > 1 || showListOnly) {
         // first print a list of the current services
         std::cout << "Currently running services:" << std::endl;
 
diff --git a/cmds/dumpsys/tests/dumpsys_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpsys/tests/dumpsys_test.cpp
index b9395ba..3467898 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpsys/tests/dumpsys_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpsys/tests/dumpsys_test.cpp
@@ -206,10 +206,7 @@
     }
 
     void AssertRunningServices(const std::vector<std::string>& services) {
-        std::string expected;
-        if (services.size() > 1) {
-            expected.append("Currently running services:\n");
-        }
+        std::string expected = "Currently running services:\n";
         for (const std::string& service : services) {
             expected.append("  ").append(service).append("\n");
         }
@@ -263,6 +260,21 @@
     AssertRunningServices({"Locksmith", "Valet"});
 }
 
+TEST_F(DumpsysTest, ListServicesOneRegistered) {
+    ExpectListServices({"Locksmith"});
+    ExpectCheckService("Locksmith");
+
+    CallMain({"-l"});
+
+    AssertRunningServices({"Locksmith"});
+}
+
+TEST_F(DumpsysTest, ListServicesEmpty) {
+    CallMain({"-l"});
+
+    AssertRunningServices({});
+}
+
 // Tests 'dumpsys -l' when a service is not running
 TEST_F(DumpsysTest, ListRunningServices) {
     ExpectListServices({"Locksmith", "Valet"});
diff --git a/cmds/installd/Android.bp b/cmds/installd/Android.bp
index 8ff4dd8..523115f 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/installd/Android.bp
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@
         "InstalldNativeService.cpp",
         "QuotaUtils.cpp",
         "dexopt.cpp",
+        "execv_helper.cpp",
         "globals.cpp",
+        "run_dex2oat.cpp",
+        "unique_file.cpp",
         "utils.cpp",
         "utils_default.cpp",
         "view_compiler.cpp",
         ":installd_aidl",
     ],
-    header_libs: [
-        "dex2oat_headers",
-    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder",
@@ -103,6 +103,28 @@
 }
 
 //
+// Unit tests
+//
+
+cc_test_host {
+    name: "run_dex2oat_test",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    clang: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "run_dex2oat_test.cpp",
+        "run_dex2oat.cpp",
+        "unique_file.cpp",
+        "execv_helper.cpp",
+    ],
+    cflags: ["-Wall", "-Werror"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "server_configurable_flags",
+    ],
+    test_config: "run_dex2oat_test.xml",
+}
+
+//
 // Executable
 //
 
@@ -205,18 +227,18 @@
 
     srcs: [
         "dexopt.cpp",
+        "execv_helper.cpp",
         "globals.cpp",
         "otapreopt.cpp",
         "otapreopt_utils.cpp",
+        "run_dex2oat.cpp",
+        "unique_file.cpp",
         "utils.cpp",
         "utils_default.cpp",
         "view_compiler.cpp",
     ],
 
-    header_libs: ["dex2oat_headers"],
-
     static_libs: [
-        "libartimagevalues",
         "libdiskusage",
         "libotapreoptparameters",
     ],
diff --git a/cmds/installd/CrateManager.cpp b/cmds/installd/CrateManager.cpp
index 6e079eb..b17cba1 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/CrateManager.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/CrateManager.cpp
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 }
 
 void CrateManager::traverseAllPackagesForUser(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userId,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userId,
         std::function<void(FTSENT*)>& onHandlingPackage) {
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
@@ -96,21 +96,21 @@
 
 void CrateManager::createCrate(
         CratedFolder cratedFolder,
-        std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>&)>& onCreateCrate) {
+        std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)>& onCreateCrate) {
     const char* path = cratedFolder->fts_path;
     if (path == nullptr || *path == '\0') {
         return;
     }
 
-    std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata> crateMetadata = std::make_unique<CrateMetadata>();
-    crateMetadata->uid = cratedFolder->fts_statp->st_uid;
-    crateMetadata->packageName = mPackageName;
-    crateMetadata->id = getValidatedCratedPath(path);
+    CrateMetadata crateMetadata;
+    crateMetadata.uid = cratedFolder->fts_statp->st_uid;
+    crateMetadata.packageName = mPackageName;
+    crateMetadata.id = getValidatedCratedPath(path);
 
-    onCreateCrate(cratedFolder, crateMetadata);
+    onCreateCrate(cratedFolder, std::move(crateMetadata));
 }
 
-void CrateManager::traverseAllCrates(std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>&)>& onCreateCrate) {
+void CrateManager::traverseAllCrates(std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)>& onCreateCrate) {
     std::function<void(FTSENT*)> onVisitCrateDir = [&](FTSENT* cratedFolder) -> void {
         createCrate(cratedFolder, onCreateCrate);
     };
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@
 }
 
 #if CRATE_DEBUG
-void CrateManager::dump(std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>& CrateMetadata) {
+void CrateManager::dump(const CrateMetadata& CrateMetadata) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << "CrateMetadata = {"
-            << "uid : \"" << CrateMetadata->uid
-            << "\", packageName : \"" << CrateMetadata->packageName
-            << "\", id : \"" << CrateMetadata->id
+            << "uid : \"" << CrateMetadata.uid
+            << "\", packageName : \"" << CrateMetadata.packageName
+            << "\", id : \"" << CrateMetadata.id
             << "\"}";
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/cmds/installd/CrateManager.h b/cmds/installd/CrateManager.h
index 4332d4c..1f30b5d 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/CrateManager.h
+++ b/cmds/installd/CrateManager.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -55,18 +55,18 @@
     CrateManager(const char* uuid, userid_t userId, const std::string& packageName);
     ~CrateManager();
 
-    void traverseAllCrates(std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>&)>& onCreateCrate);
+    void traverseAllCrates(std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)>& onCreateCrate);
 
     static void traverseChildDir(const std::string& targetDir,
             std::function<void(FTSENT*)>& onVisitChildDir);
 
     static void traverseAllPackagesForUser(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         userid_t userId,
         std::function<void(FTSENT*)>& onHandlingPackage);
 
 #if CRATE_DEBUG
-    static void dump(std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>& CrateMetadata);
+    static void dump(const CrateMetadata& CrateMetadata);
 #endif
 private:
     std::string mRoot;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 
     void createCrate(
         CratedFolder cratedFolder,
-        std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>&)>& onCreateCrate);
+        std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)>& onCreateCrate);
 };
 
 } // namespace installd
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
index b9c1add..0782b43 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-binder::Status checkArgumentUuid(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid) {
+binder::Status checkArgumentUuid(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid) {
     if (!uuid || is_valid_filename(*uuid)) {
         return ok();
     } else {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-binder::Status checkArgumentUuidTestOrNull(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid) {
+binder::Status checkArgumentUuidTestOrNull(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid) {
     if (!uuid || strcmp(uuid->c_str(), kTestUuid) == 0) {
         return ok();
     } else {
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status checkArgumentPath(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& path) {
+binder::Status checkArgumentPath(const std::optional<std::string>& path) {
     if (path) {
         return checkArgumentPath(*path);
     } else {
@@ -421,8 +421,8 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::createAppDataBatched(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& uuids,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& packageNames,
+        const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& uuids,
+        const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& packageNames,
         int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
         const std::vector<std::string>& seInfos, const std::vector<int32_t>& targetSdkVersions,
         int64_t* _aidl_return) {
@@ -432,10 +432,11 @@
     ATRACE_BEGIN("createAppDataBatched");
     binder::Status ret;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < uuids->size(); i++) {
-        if (!packageNames->at(i)) {
+        std::optional<std::string> packageName = packageNames->at(i);
+        if (!packageName) {
             continue;
         }
-        ret = createAppData(uuids->at(i), *packageNames->at(i), userId, flags, appIds[i],
+        ret = createAppData(uuids->at(i), *packageName, userId, flags, appIds[i],
                 seInfos[i], targetSdkVersions[i], _aidl_return);
         if (!ret.isOk()) {
             ATRACE_END();
@@ -446,7 +447,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::createAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::createAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int32_t appId,
         const std::string& seInfo, int32_t targetSdkVersion, int64_t* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -527,7 +528,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::migrateAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::migrateAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -588,7 +589,7 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::clearAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::clearAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int64_t ceDataInode) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int64_t ceDataInode) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -780,7 +781,7 @@
     return (gid != -1) ? gid : uid;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::fixupAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::fixupAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -900,7 +901,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::snapshotAppData(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t user, int32_t snapshotId,
         int32_t storageFlags, int64_t* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -1027,7 +1028,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::restoreAppDataSnapshot(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid, const std::string& packageName,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid, const std::string& packageName,
         const int32_t appId, const std::string& seInfo, const int32_t user,
         const int32_t snapshotId, int32_t storageFlags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -1099,7 +1100,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyAppDataSnapshot(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string> &volumeUuid, const std::string& packageName,
+        const std::optional<std::string> &volumeUuid, const std::string& packageName,
         const int32_t user, const int64_t ceSnapshotInode, const int32_t snapshotId,
         int32_t storageFlags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -1132,7 +1133,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyCeSnapshotsNotSpecified(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string> &volumeUuid, const int32_t userId,
+        const std::optional<std::string> &volumeUuid, const int32_t user,
         const std::vector<int32_t>& retainSnapshotIds) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID_IS_TEST_OR_NULL(volumeUuid);
@@ -1140,7 +1141,7 @@
 
     const char* volume_uuid = volumeUuid ? volumeUuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
-    auto base_path = create_data_misc_ce_rollback_base_path(volume_uuid, userId);
+    auto base_path = create_data_misc_ce_rollback_base_path(volume_uuid, user);
 
     std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(base_path.c_str()), closedir);
     if (!dir) {
@@ -1159,7 +1160,7 @@
                 std::find(retainSnapshotIds.begin(), retainSnapshotIds.end(),
                           snapshot_id) == retainSnapshotIds.end()) {
             auto rollback_path = create_data_misc_ce_rollback_path(
-                volume_uuid, userId, snapshot_id);
+                volume_uuid, user, snapshot_id);
             int res = delete_dir_contents_and_dir(rollback_path, true /* ignore_if_missing */);
             if (res != 0) {
                 return error(res, "Failed clearing snapshot " + rollback_path);
@@ -1169,8 +1170,8 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::moveCompleteApp(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& fromUuid,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& toUuid, const std::string& packageName,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::moveCompleteApp(const std::optional<std::string>& fromUuid,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& toUuid, const std::string& packageName,
         int32_t appId, const std::string& seInfo,
         int32_t targetSdkVersion, const std::string& fromCodePath) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -1277,7 +1278,7 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::createUserData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::createUserData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -1295,7 +1296,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyUserData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::destroyUserData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t userId, int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -1332,13 +1333,13 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::freeCache(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::freeCache(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int64_t targetFreeBytes, int64_t cacheReservedBytes, int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mLock);
 
-    auto uuidString = uuid ? *uuid : "";
+    auto uuidString = uuid.value_or("");
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
     auto data_path = create_data_path(uuid_);
     auto noop = (flags & FLAG_FREE_CACHE_NOOP);
@@ -1736,7 +1737,7 @@
     fts_close(fts);
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getAppSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getAppSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames, int32_t userId, int32_t flags,
         int32_t appId, const std::vector<int64_t>& ceDataInodes,
         const std::vector<std::string>& codePaths, std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return) {
@@ -1776,7 +1777,7 @@
     memset(&stats, 0, sizeof(stats));
     memset(&extStats, 0, sizeof(extStats));
 
-    auto uuidString = uuid ? *uuid : "";
+    auto uuidString = uuid.value_or("");
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
     if (!IsQuotaSupported(uuidString)) {
@@ -1963,7 +1964,7 @@
     return sizes;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getUserSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getUserSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
         std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -1983,7 +1984,7 @@
     memset(&stats, 0, sizeof(stats));
     memset(&extStats, 0, sizeof(extStats));
 
-    auto uuidString = uuid ? *uuid : "";
+    auto uuidString = uuid.value_or("");
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
     if (!IsQuotaSupported(uuidString)) {
@@ -2095,7 +2096,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getExternalSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getExternalSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
         std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -2110,7 +2111,7 @@
     LOG(INFO) << "Measuring external " << userId;
 #endif
 
-    auto uuidString = uuid ? *uuid : "";
+    auto uuidString = uuid.value_or("");
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
     int64_t totalSize = 0;
@@ -2212,9 +2213,9 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getAppCrates(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames, int32_t userId,
-        std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>>>* _aidl_return) {
+        std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<CrateMetadata>>>* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
     for (const auto& packageName : packageNames) {
@@ -2223,15 +2224,15 @@
 #ifdef ENABLE_STORAGE_CRATES
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mLock);
 
-    auto retVector = std::make_unique<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>>>();
+    auto retVector = std::vector<std::optional<CrateMetadata>>();
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
-    std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata> &)> onCreateCrate =
-            [&](CratedFolder cratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata> &crateMetadata) -> void {
+    std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)> onCreateCrate =
+            [&](CratedFolder cratedFolder, CrateMetadata&& crateMetadata) -> void {
         if (cratedFolder == nullptr) {
             return;
         }
-        retVector->push_back(std::move(crateMetadata));
+        retVector.push_back(std::move(crateMetadata));
     };
 
     for (const auto& packageName : packageNames) {
@@ -2243,15 +2244,15 @@
     }
 
 #if CRATE_DEBUG
-    LOG(WARNING) << "retVector->size() =" << retVector->size();
-    for (auto iter = retVector->begin(); iter != retVector->end(); ++iter) {
-        CrateManager::dump(*iter);
+    LOG(WARNING) << "retVector.size() =" << retVector.size();
+    for (auto& item : retVector) {
+        CrateManager::dump(item);
     }
 #endif
 
     *_aidl_return = std::move(retVector);
 #else // ENABLE_STORAGE_CRATES
-    *_aidl_return = nullptr;
+    _aidl_return->reset();
 
     /* prevent compile warning fail */
     if (userId < 0) {
@@ -2262,18 +2263,18 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::getUserCrates(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
-        std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>>>* _aidl_return) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+        std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<CrateMetadata>>>* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
 #ifdef ENABLE_STORAGE_CRATES
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mLock);
 
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
-    auto retVector = std::make_unique<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata>>>();
+    auto retVector = std::vector<std::optional<CrateMetadata>>();
 
-    std::function<void(CratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata> &)> onCreateCrate =
-            [&](CratedFolder cratedFolder, std::unique_ptr<CrateMetadata> &crateMetadata) -> void {
+    std::function<void(CratedFolder, CrateMetadata&&)> onCreateCrate =
+            [&](CratedFolder cratedFolder, CrateMetadata&& crateMetadata) -> void {
         if (cratedFolder == nullptr) {
             return;
         }
@@ -2287,15 +2288,15 @@
     CrateManager::traverseAllPackagesForUser(uuid, userId, onHandingPackage);
 
 #if CRATE_DEBUG
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "retVector->size() =" << retVector->size();
-    for (auto iter = retVector->begin(); iter != retVector->end(); ++iter) {
-        CrateManager::dump(*iter);
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "retVector.size() =" << retVector.size();
+    for (auto& item : retVector) {
+        CrateManager::dump(item);
     }
 #endif
 
     *_aidl_return = std::move(retVector);
 #else // ENABLE_STORAGE_CRATES
-    *_aidl_return = nullptr;
+    _aidl_return->reset();
 
     /* prevent compile warning fail */
     if (userId < 0) {
@@ -2305,7 +2306,7 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::setAppQuota(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::setAppQuota(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         int32_t userId, int32_t appId, int64_t cacheQuota) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -2376,19 +2377,19 @@
     return ok();
 }
 
-static const char* getCStr(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& data,
+static const char* getCStr(const std::optional<std::string>& data,
         const char* default_value = nullptr) {
-    return data == nullptr ? default_value : data->c_str();
+    return data ? data->c_str() : default_value;
 }
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::dexopt(const std::string& apkPath, int32_t uid,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& packageName, const std::string& instructionSet,
-        int32_t dexoptNeeded, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& outputPath, int32_t dexFlags,
-        const std::string& compilerFilter, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& classLoaderContext,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& seInfo, bool downgrade, int32_t targetSdkVersion,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& profileName,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dexMetadataPath,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& compilationReason) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& packageName, const std::string& instructionSet,
+        int32_t dexoptNeeded, const std::optional<std::string>& outputPath, int32_t dexFlags,
+        const std::string& compilerFilter, const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& classLoaderContext,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& seInfo, bool downgrade, int32_t targetSdkVersion,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& profileName,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& dexMetadataPath,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& compilationReason) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(apkPath);
@@ -2434,7 +2435,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::linkNativeLibraryDirectory(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, const std::string& packageName,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, const std::string& packageName,
         const std::string& nativeLibPath32, int32_t userId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
@@ -2525,7 +2526,7 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::restoreconAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+binder::Status InstalldNativeService::restoreconAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int32_t appId,
         const std::string& seInfo) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
@@ -2643,7 +2644,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::deleteOdex(const std::string& apkPath,
-        const std::string& instructionSet, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& outputPath) {
+        const std::string& instructionSet, const std::optional<std::string>& outputPath) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(apkPath);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(outputPath);
@@ -2795,7 +2796,7 @@
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::reconcileSecondaryDexFile(
         const std::string& dexPath, const std::string& packageName, int32_t uid,
-        const std::vector<std::string>& isas, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+        const std::vector<std::string>& isas, const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
         int32_t storage_flag, bool* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(volumeUuid);
@@ -2810,7 +2811,7 @@
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::hashSecondaryDexFile(
         const std::string& dexPath, const std::string& packageName, int32_t uid,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid, int32_t storageFlag,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid, int32_t storageFlag,
         std::vector<uint8_t>* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(volumeUuid);
@@ -2869,7 +2870,7 @@
 
 // Mount volume's CE and DE storage to mirror
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::tryMountDataMirror(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
     if (!sAppDataIsolationEnabled) {
@@ -2933,7 +2934,7 @@
 
 // Unmount volume's CE and DE storage from mirror
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::onPrivateVolumeRemoved(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_UUID(uuid);
     if (!sAppDataIsolationEnabled) {
@@ -2977,7 +2978,7 @@
 }
 
 std::string InstalldNativeService::findDataMediaPath(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userid) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userid) {
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mMountsLock);
     const char* uuid_ = uuid ? uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
     auto path = StringPrintf("%s/media", create_data_path(uuid_).c_str());
@@ -2990,15 +2991,14 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::isQuotaSupported(
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, bool* _aidl_return) {
-    auto uuidString = uuid ? *uuid : "";
-    *_aidl_return = IsQuotaSupported(uuidString);
+        const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    *_aidl_return = IsQuotaSupported(uuid.value_or(""));
     return ok();
 }
 
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::prepareAppProfile(const std::string& packageName,
         int32_t userId, int32_t appId, const std::string& profileName, const std::string& codePath,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dexMetadata, bool* _aidl_return) {
+        const std::optional<std::string>& dexMetadata, bool* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME(packageName);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(codePath);
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
index 8e7d98b..9819327 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
@@ -40,81 +40,81 @@
     static char const* getServiceName() { return "installd"; }
     virtual status_t dump(int fd, const Vector<String16> &args) override;
 
-    binder::Status createUserData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+    binder::Status createUserData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
             int32_t userSerial, int32_t flags);
-    binder::Status destroyUserData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+    binder::Status destroyUserData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
             int32_t flags);
     binder::Status createAppDataBatched(
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& uuids,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& packageNames,
+            const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& uuids,
+            const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& packageNames,
             int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
             const std::vector<std::string>& seInfos, const std::vector<int32_t>& targetSdkVersions,
             int64_t* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status createAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status createAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int32_t appId,
             const std::string& seInfo, int32_t targetSdkVersion, int64_t* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status restoreconAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status restoreconAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int32_t appId,
             const std::string& seInfo);
-    binder::Status migrateAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status migrateAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags);
-    binder::Status clearAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status clearAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int64_t ceDataInode);
-    binder::Status destroyAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status destroyAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int64_t ceDataInode);
 
-    binder::Status fixupAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t flags);
+    binder::Status fixupAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int32_t flags);
 
-    binder::Status snapshotAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+    binder::Status snapshotAppData(const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
             const std::string& packageName, const int32_t user, const int32_t snapshotId,
             int32_t storageFlags, int64_t* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status restoreAppDataSnapshot(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+    binder::Status restoreAppDataSnapshot(const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
             const std::string& packageName, const int32_t appId, const std::string& seInfo,
             const int32_t user, const int32_t snapshotId, int32_t storageFlags);
-    binder::Status destroyAppDataSnapshot(const std::unique_ptr<std::string> &volumeUuid,
+    binder::Status destroyAppDataSnapshot(const std::optional<std::string> &volumeUuid,
             const std::string& packageName, const int32_t user, const int64_t ceSnapshotInode,
             const int32_t snapshotId, int32_t storageFlags);
-    binder::Status destroyCeSnapshotsNotSpecified(const std::unique_ptr<std::string> &volumeUuid,
-            const int32_t userId, const std::vector<int32_t>& retainSnapshotIds);
+    binder::Status destroyCeSnapshotsNotSpecified(const std::optional<std::string> &volumeUuid,
+            const int32_t user, const std::vector<int32_t>& retainSnapshotIds);
 
-    binder::Status getAppSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status getAppSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames, int32_t userId, int32_t flags,
             int32_t appId, const std::vector<int64_t>& ceDataInodes,
             const std::vector<std::string>& codePaths, std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status getUserSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status getUserSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
             std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status getExternalSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status getExternalSize(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             int32_t userId, int32_t flags, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
             std::vector<int64_t>* _aidl_return);
 
-    binder::Status getAppCrates(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status getAppCrates(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
             int32_t userId,
-            std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<android::os::storage::CrateMetadata>>>*
+            std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<android::os::storage::CrateMetadata>>>*
                     _aidl_return);
     binder::Status getUserCrates(
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
-            std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<android::os::storage::CrateMetadata>>>*
+            const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+            std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<android::os::storage::CrateMetadata>>>*
                     _aidl_return);
 
-    binder::Status setAppQuota(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status setAppQuota(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             int32_t userId, int32_t appId, int64_t cacheQuota);
 
-    binder::Status moveCompleteApp(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& fromUuid,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& toUuid, const std::string& packageName,
+    binder::Status moveCompleteApp(const std::optional<std::string>& fromUuid,
+            const std::optional<std::string>& toUuid, const std::string& packageName,
             int32_t appId, const std::string& seInfo,
             int32_t targetSdkVersion, const std::string& fromCodePath);
 
     binder::Status dexopt(const std::string& apkPath, int32_t uid,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& packageName, const std::string& instructionSet,
-            int32_t dexoptNeeded, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& outputPath, int32_t dexFlags,
-            const std::string& compilerFilter, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& classLoaderContext,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& seInfo, bool downgrade,
-            int32_t targetSdkVersion, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& profileName,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dexMetadataPath,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& compilationReason);
+            const std::optional<std::string>& packageName, const std::string& instructionSet,
+            int32_t dexoptNeeded, const std::optional<std::string>& outputPath, int32_t dexFlags,
+            const std::string& compilerFilter, const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
+            const std::optional<std::string>& classLoaderContext,
+            const std::optional<std::string>& seInfo, bool downgrade,
+            int32_t targetSdkVersion, const std::optional<std::string>& profileName,
+            const std::optional<std::string>& dexMetadataPath,
+            const std::optional<std::string>& compilationReason);
 
     binder::Status compileLayouts(const std::string& apkPath, const std::string& packageName,
                                   const std::string& outDexFile, int uid, bool* _aidl_return);
@@ -137,9 +137,9 @@
             const std::string& profileName);
 
     binder::Status rmPackageDir(const std::string& packageDir);
-    binder::Status freeCache(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int64_t targetFreeBytes,
+    binder::Status freeCache(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, int64_t targetFreeBytes,
             int64_t cacheReservedBytes, int32_t flags);
-    binder::Status linkNativeLibraryDirectory(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
+    binder::Status linkNativeLibraryDirectory(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid,
             const std::string& packageName, const std::string& nativeLibPath32, int32_t userId);
     binder::Status createOatDir(const std::string& oatDir, const std::string& instructionSet);
     binder::Status linkFile(const std::string& relativePath, const std::string& fromBase,
@@ -147,27 +147,27 @@
     binder::Status moveAb(const std::string& apkPath, const std::string& instructionSet,
             const std::string& outputPath);
     binder::Status deleteOdex(const std::string& apkPath, const std::string& instructionSet,
-            const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& outputPath);
+            const std::optional<std::string>& outputPath);
     binder::Status installApkVerity(const std::string& filePath,
             android::base::unique_fd verityInput, int32_t contentSize);
     binder::Status assertFsverityRootHashMatches(const std::string& filePath,
             const std::vector<uint8_t>& expectedHash);
     binder::Status reconcileSecondaryDexFile(const std::string& dexPath,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t uid, const std::vector<std::string>& isa,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid, int32_t storage_flag, bool* _aidl_return);
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid, int32_t storage_flag, bool* _aidl_return);
     binder::Status hashSecondaryDexFile(const std::string& dexPath,
-        const std::string& packageName, int32_t uid, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+        const std::string& packageName, int32_t uid, const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
         int32_t storageFlag, std::vector<uint8_t>* _aidl_return);
 
     binder::Status invalidateMounts();
-    binder::Status isQuotaSupported(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid,
+    binder::Status isQuotaSupported(const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid,
             bool* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status tryMountDataMirror(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid);
-    binder::Status onPrivateVolumeRemoved(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid);
+    binder::Status tryMountDataMirror(const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid);
+    binder::Status onPrivateVolumeRemoved(const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid);
 
     binder::Status prepareAppProfile(const std::string& packageName,
             int32_t userId, int32_t appId, const std::string& profileName,
-            const std::string& codePath, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dexMetadata,
+            const std::string& codePath, const std::optional<std::string>& dexMetadata,
             bool* _aidl_return);
 
     binder::Status migrateLegacyObbData();
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
     /* Map from UID to cache quota size */
     std::unordered_map<uid_t, int64_t> mCacheQuotas;
 
-    std::string findDataMediaPath(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userid);
+    std::string findDataMediaPath(const std::optional<std::string>& uuid, userid_t userid);
 };
 
 }  // namespace installd
diff --git a/cmds/installd/OWNERS b/cmds/installd/OWNERS
index 9a21104..fc745d0 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/OWNERS
+++ b/cmds/installd/OWNERS
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 set noparent
 
-agampe@google.com
 calin@google.com
 jsharkey@android.com
 maco@google.com
diff --git a/cmds/installd/TEST_MAPPING b/cmds/installd/TEST_MAPPING
index c6583a1..3f0fb6d 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/cmds/installd/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
     {
       "name": "installd_utils_test"
     },
+    {
+      "name": "run_dex2oat_test"
+    },
     // AdoptableHostTest moves packages, part of which is handled by installd
     {
       "name": "AdoptableHostTest"
diff --git a/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl b/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
index eeda6c5..4ac70a4 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
+++ b/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
@@ -117,11 +117,10 @@
             int userId, int snapshotId, int storageFlags);
     void restoreAppDataSnapshot(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, in @utf8InCpp String packageName,
             int appId, @utf8InCpp String seInfo, int user, int snapshotId, int storageflags);
-    void destroyAppDataSnapshot(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, @utf8InCpp String packageName,
-            int userId, long ceSnapshotInode, int snapshotId, int storageFlags);
     void destroyCeSnapshotsNotSpecified(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, int userId,
             in int[] retainSnapshotIds);
-
+    void destroyAppDataSnapshot(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, @utf8InCpp String packageName,
+            int userId, long ceSnapshotInode, int snapshotId, int storageFlags);
     void tryMountDataMirror(@nullable @utf8InCpp String volumeUuid);
     void onPrivateVolumeRemoved(@nullable @utf8InCpp String volumeUuid);
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
index ffa8724..5076ae6 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
-#include <dex2oat_return_codes.h>
 #include <log/log.h>               // TODO: Move everything to base/logging.
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
@@ -50,11 +49,15 @@
 
 #include "dexopt.h"
 #include "dexopt_return_codes.h"
+#include "execv_helper.h"
 #include "globals.h"
 #include "installd_deps.h"
 #include "otapreopt_utils.h"
+#include "run_dex2oat.h"
+#include "unique_file.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
+using android::base::Basename;
 using android::base::EndsWith;
 using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
 using android::base::GetProperty;
@@ -67,16 +70,6 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace installd {
 
-// Should minidebug info be included in compiled artifacts? Even if this value is
-// "true," usage might still be conditional to other constraints, e.g., system
-// property overrides.
-static constexpr bool kEnableMinidebugInfo = true;
-
-static constexpr const char* kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty = "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-minidebuginfo";
-static constexpr bool kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault = false;
-static constexpr const char* kMinidebugDex2oatFlag = "--generate-mini-debug-info";
-static constexpr const char* kDisableCompactDexFlag = "--compact-dex-level=none";
-
 
 // Deleter using free() for use with std::unique_ptr<>. See also UniqueCPtr<> below.
 struct FreeDelete {
@@ -186,93 +179,6 @@
     return clear_current_profile(package_name, location, user, /*is_secondary_dex*/false);
 }
 
-static std::vector<std::string> SplitBySpaces(const std::string& str) {
-    if (str.empty()) {
-        return {};
-    }
-    return android::base::Split(str, " ");
-}
-
-static const char* get_location_from_path(const char* path) {
-    static constexpr char kLocationSeparator = '/';
-    const char *location = strrchr(path, kLocationSeparator);
-    if (location == nullptr) {
-        return path;
-    } else {
-        // Skip the separator character.
-        return location + 1;
-    }
-}
-
-// ExecVHelper prepares and holds pointers to parsed command line arguments so that no allocations
-// need to be performed between the fork and exec.
-class ExecVHelper {
-  public:
-    // Store a placeholder for the binary name.
-    ExecVHelper() : args_(1u, std::string()) {}
-
-    void PrepareArgs(const std::string& bin) {
-        CHECK(!args_.empty());
-        CHECK(args_[0].empty());
-        args_[0] = bin;
-        // Write char* into array.
-        for (const std::string& arg : args_) {
-            argv_.push_back(arg.c_str());
-        }
-        argv_.push_back(nullptr);  // Add null terminator.
-    }
-
-    [[ noreturn ]]
-    void Exec(int exit_code) {
-        execv(argv_[0], (char * const *)&argv_[0]);
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "execv(" << argv_[0] << ") failed";
-        exit(exit_code);
-    }
-
-    // Add an arg if it's not empty.
-    void AddArg(const std::string& arg) {
-        if (!arg.empty()) {
-            args_.push_back(arg);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Add a runtime arg if it's not empty.
-    void AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg) {
-        if (!arg.empty()) {
-            args_.push_back("--runtime-arg");
-            args_.push_back(arg);
-        }
-    }
-
-  protected:
-    // Holder arrays for backing arg storage.
-    std::vector<std::string> args_;
-
-    // Argument poiners.
-    std::vector<const char*> argv_;
-};
-
-static std::string MapPropertyToArg(const std::string& property,
-                                    const std::string& format,
-                                    const std::string& default_value = "") {
-  std::string prop = GetProperty(property, default_value);
-  if (!prop.empty()) {
-    return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), prop.c_str());
-  }
-  return "";
-}
-
-static std::string MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(const std::string& property,
-                                              const std::string& backupProperty,
-                                              const std::string& format,
-                                              const std::string& default_value = "") {
-  std::string value = GetProperty(property, default_value);
-  if (!value.empty()) {
-    return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), value.c_str());
-  }
-  return MapPropertyToArg(backupProperty, format, default_value);
-}
-
 // Determines which binary we should use for execution (the debug or non-debug version).
 // e.g. dex2oatd vs dex2oat
 static const char* select_execution_binary(const char* binary, const char* debug_binary,
@@ -311,9 +217,6 @@
 static const char* RUNTIME_NATIVE_BOOT_NAMESPACE = "runtime_native_boot";
 // Feature flag name for running the JIT in Zygote experiment, b/119800099.
 static const char* ENABLE_JITZYGOTE_IMAGE = "enable_apex_image";
-// Location of the JIT Zygote image.
-static const char* kJitZygoteImage =
-    "boot.art:/nonx/boot-framework.art!/system/etc/boot-image.prof";
 
 // Phenotype property name for enabling profiling the boot class path.
 static const char* PROFILE_BOOT_CLASS_PATH = "profilebootclasspath";
@@ -328,288 +231,11 @@
     return profile_boot_class_path == "true";
 }
 
-class RunDex2Oat : public ExecVHelper {
-  public:
-    RunDex2Oat(int zip_fd,
-               int oat_fd,
-               int input_vdex_fd,
-               int output_vdex_fd,
-               int image_fd,
-               const char* input_file_name,
-               const char* output_file_name,
-               int swap_fd,
-               const char* instruction_set,
-               const char* compiler_filter,
-               bool debuggable,
-               bool post_bootcomplete,
-               bool for_restore,
-               bool background_job_compile,
-               int profile_fd,
-               const char* class_loader_context,
-               const std::string& class_loader_context_fds,
-               int target_sdk_version,
-               bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
-               bool generate_compact_dex,
-               int dex_metadata_fd,
-               const char* compilation_reason) {
-        // Get the relative path to the input file.
-        const char* relative_input_file_name = get_location_from_path(input_file_name);
-
-        std::string dex2oat_Xms_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", "-Xms%s");
-        std::string dex2oat_Xmx_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", "-Xmx%s");
-
-        std::string threads_format = "-j%s";
-        std::string dex2oat_threads_arg = post_bootcomplete
-                ? (for_restore
-                    ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
-                            "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-threads",
-                            "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads",
-                            threads_format)
-                    : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", threads_format))
-                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-threads", threads_format);
-        std::string cpu_set_format = "--cpu-set=%s";
-        std::string dex2oat_cpu_set_arg = post_bootcomplete
-                ? (for_restore
-                    ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
-                            "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-cpu-set",
-                            "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set",
-                            cpu_set_format)
-                    : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format))
-                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format);
-
-        std::string bootclasspath;
-        char* dex2oat_bootclasspath = getenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH");
-        if (dex2oat_bootclasspath != nullptr) {
-            bootclasspath = StringPrintf("-Xbootclasspath:%s", dex2oat_bootclasspath);
-        }
-        // If DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH is not in the environment, dex2oat is going to query
-        // BOOTCLASSPATH.
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_isa_features_key =
-                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
-        std::string instruction_set_features_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "--instruction-set-features=%s");
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_isa_variant_key =
-                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
-        std::string instruction_set_variant_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "--instruction-set-variant=%s");
-
-        const char* dex2oat_norelocation = "-Xnorelocate";
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_flags = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", "");
-        std::vector<std::string> dex2oat_flags_args = SplitBySpaces(dex2oat_flags);
-        ALOGV("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags=%s\n", dex2oat_flags.c_str());
-
-        // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
-        std::string vold_decrypt = GetProperty("vold.decrypt", "");
-        bool skip_compilation = vold_decrypt == "trigger_restart_min_framework" ||
-                                vold_decrypt == "1";
-
-        std::string updatable_bcp_packages =
-            MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-updatable-bcp-packages-file",
-                             "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=%s");
-        if (updatable_bcp_packages.empty()) {
-          // Make dex2oat fail by providing non-existent file name.
-          updatable_bcp_packages = "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=/nonx/updatable-bcp-packages.txt";
-        }
-
-        std::string resolve_startup_string_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("persist.device_config.runtime.dex2oat_resolve_startup_strings",
-                                 "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
-        if (resolve_startup_string_arg.empty()) {
-          // If empty, fall back to system property.
-          resolve_startup_string_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-resolve-startup-strings",
-                                 "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
-        }
-
-        const std::string image_block_size_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-max-image-block-size",
-                                 "--max-image-block-size=%s");
-
-        const bool generate_debug_info = GetBoolProperty("debug.generate-debug-info", false);
-
-        std::string image_format_arg;
-        if (image_fd >= 0) {
-            image_format_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.appimageformat", "--image-format=%s");
-        }
-
-        std::string dex2oat_large_app_threshold_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-very-large", "--very-large-app-threshold=%s");
-
-
-
-        // Decide whether to use dex2oat64.
-        bool use_dex2oat64 = false;
-        // Check whether the device even supports 64-bit ABIs.
-        if (!GetProperty("ro.product.cpu.abilist64", "").empty()) {
-          use_dex2oat64 = GetBoolProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat64.enabled", false);
-        }
-        const char* dex2oat_bin = select_execution_binary(
-            (use_dex2oat64 ? kDex2oat64Path : kDex2oat32Path),
-            (use_dex2oat64 ? kDex2oatDebug64Path : kDex2oatDebug32Path),
-            background_job_compile);
-
-        bool generate_minidebug_info = kEnableMinidebugInfo &&
-                GetBoolProperty(kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty, kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault);
-
-        std::string boot_image;
-        std::string use_jitzygote_image =
-            server_configurable_flags::GetServerConfigurableFlag(RUNTIME_NATIVE_BOOT_NAMESPACE,
-                                                                 ENABLE_JITZYGOTE_IMAGE,
-                                                                 /*default_value=*/ "");
-
-        if (use_jitzygote_image == "true" || IsBootClassPathProfilingEnable()) {
-          boot_image = StringPrintf("--boot-image=%s", kJitZygoteImage);
-        } else {
-          boot_image = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-image", "--boot-image=%s");
-        }
-
-        // clang FORTIFY doesn't let us use strlen in constant array bounds, so we
-        // use arraysize instead.
-        std::string zip_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--zip-fd=%d", zip_fd);
-        std::string zip_location_arg = StringPrintf("--zip-location=%s", relative_input_file_name);
-        std::string input_vdex_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--input-vdex-fd=%d", input_vdex_fd);
-        std::string output_vdex_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--output-vdex-fd=%d", output_vdex_fd);
-        std::string oat_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--oat-fd=%d", oat_fd);
-        std::string oat_location_arg = StringPrintf("--oat-location=%s", output_file_name);
-        std::string instruction_set_arg = StringPrintf("--instruction-set=%s", instruction_set);
-        std::string dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg;
-        std::string dex2oat_swap_fd;
-        std::string dex2oat_image_fd;
-        std::string target_sdk_version_arg;
-        if (target_sdk_version != 0) {
-            target_sdk_version_arg = StringPrintf("-Xtarget-sdk-version:%d", target_sdk_version);
-        }
-        std::string class_loader_context_arg;
-        std::string class_loader_context_fds_arg;
-        if (class_loader_context != nullptr) {
-            class_loader_context_arg = StringPrintf("--class-loader-context=%s",
-                                                    class_loader_context);
-            if (!class_loader_context_fds.empty()) {
-                class_loader_context_fds_arg = StringPrintf("--class-loader-context-fds=%s",
-                                                            class_loader_context_fds.c_str());
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (swap_fd >= 0) {
-            dex2oat_swap_fd = StringPrintf("--swap-fd=%d", swap_fd);
-        }
-        if (image_fd >= 0) {
-            dex2oat_image_fd = StringPrintf("--app-image-fd=%d", image_fd);
-        }
-
-        // Compute compiler filter.
-        bool have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = false;
-        if (skip_compilation) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = "--compiler-filter=extract";
-            have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = true;
-        } else if (compiler_filter != nullptr) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = StringPrintf("--compiler-filter=%s", compiler_filter);
-        }
-
-        if (dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg.empty()) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter",
-                                                           "--compiler-filter=%s");
-        }
-
-        // Check whether all apps should be compiled debuggable.
-        if (!debuggable) {
-            debuggable = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.always_debuggable", "") == "1";
-        }
-        std::string profile_arg;
-        if (profile_fd != -1) {
-            profile_arg = StringPrintf("--profile-file-fd=%d", profile_fd);
-        }
-
-        // Get the directory of the apk to pass as a base classpath directory.
-        std::string base_dir;
-        std::string apk_dir(input_file_name);
-        unsigned long dir_index = apk_dir.rfind('/');
-        bool has_base_dir = dir_index != std::string::npos;
-        if (has_base_dir) {
-            apk_dir = apk_dir.substr(0, dir_index);
-            base_dir = StringPrintf("--classpath-dir=%s", apk_dir.c_str());
-        }
-
-        std::string dex_metadata_fd_arg = "--dm-fd=" + std::to_string(dex_metadata_fd);
-
-        std::string compilation_reason_arg = compilation_reason == nullptr
-                ? ""
-                : std::string("--compilation-reason=") + compilation_reason;
-
-        ALOGV("Running %s in=%s out=%s\n", dex2oat_bin, relative_input_file_name, output_file_name);
-
-        // Disable cdex if update input vdex is true since this combination of options is not
-        // supported.
-        const bool disable_cdex = !generate_compact_dex || (input_vdex_fd == output_vdex_fd);
-
-        AddArg(zip_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(zip_location_arg);
-        AddArg(input_vdex_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(output_vdex_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(oat_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(oat_location_arg);
-        AddArg(instruction_set_arg);
-
-        AddArg(instruction_set_variant_arg);
-        AddArg(instruction_set_features_arg);
-
-        AddArg(boot_image);
-
-        AddRuntimeArg(bootclasspath);
-        AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_Xms_arg);
-        AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_Xmx_arg);
-
-        AddArg(updatable_bcp_packages);
-        AddArg(resolve_startup_string_arg);
-        AddArg(image_block_size_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_threads_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_cpu_set_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_swap_fd);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_image_fd);
-
-        if (generate_debug_info) {
-            AddArg("--generate-debug-info");
-        }
-        if (debuggable) {
-            AddArg("--debuggable");
-        }
-        AddArg(image_format_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_large_app_threshold_arg);
-
-        if (have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag) {
-            AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_norelocation);
-        }
-        AddArg(profile_arg);
-        AddArg(base_dir);
-        AddArg(class_loader_context_arg);
-        AddArg(class_loader_context_fds_arg);
-        if (generate_minidebug_info) {
-            AddArg(kMinidebugDex2oatFlag);
-        }
-        if (disable_cdex) {
-            AddArg(kDisableCompactDexFlag);
-        }
-        AddRuntimeArg(target_sdk_version_arg);
-        if (enable_hidden_api_checks) {
-            AddRuntimeArg("-Xhidden-api-policy:enabled");
-        }
-
-        if (dex_metadata_fd > -1) {
-            AddArg(dex_metadata_fd_arg);
-        }
-
-        AddArg(compilation_reason_arg);
-
-        // Do not add args after dex2oat_flags, they should override others for debugging.
-        args_.insert(args_.end(), dex2oat_flags_args.begin(), dex2oat_flags_args.end());
-
-        PrepareArgs(dex2oat_bin);
+static void UnlinkIgnoreResult(const std::string& path) {
+    if (unlink(path.c_str()) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unlink " << path;
     }
-};
+}
 
 /*
  * Whether dexopt should use a swap file when compiling an APK.
@@ -727,6 +353,16 @@
     return open_profile(uid, profile, read_write ? (O_CREAT | O_RDWR) : O_RDONLY);
 }
 
+static UniqueFile open_reference_profile_as_unique_file(uid_t uid, const std::string& package_name,
+        const std::string& location, bool read_write, bool is_secondary_dex) {
+    std::string profile_path = create_reference_profile_path(package_name, location,
+                                                             is_secondary_dex);
+    unique_fd ufd = open_profile(uid, profile_path, read_write ? (O_CREAT | O_RDWR) : O_RDONLY);
+    return UniqueFile(ufd.release(), profile_path, [](const std::string& path) {
+        clear_profile(path);
+    });
+}
+
 static unique_fd open_spnashot_profile(uid_t uid, const std::string& package_name,
         const std::string& location) {
     std::string profile = create_snapshot_profile_path(package_name, location);
@@ -868,6 +504,7 @@
                   /*for_boot_image*/false);
     }
 
+    using ExecVHelper::Exec;  // To suppress -Wno-overloaded-virtual
     void Exec() {
         ExecVHelper::Exec(DexoptReturnCodes::kProfmanExec);
     }
@@ -1022,7 +659,7 @@
         PLOG(ERROR) << "installd cannot open " << code_path.c_str();
         return false;
     }
-    dex_locations.push_back(get_location_from_path(code_path.c_str()));
+    dex_locations.push_back(Basename(code_path));
     apk_fds.push_back(std::move(apk_fd));
 
 
@@ -1216,118 +853,14 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-// Helper for fd management. This is similar to a unique_fd in that it closes the file descriptor
-// on destruction. It will also run the given cleanup (unless told not to) after closing.
-//
-// Usage example:
-//
-//   Dex2oatFileWrapper file(open(...),
-//                                                   [name]() {
-//                                                       unlink(name.c_str());
-//                                                   });
-//   // Note: care needs to be taken about name, as it needs to have a lifetime longer than the
-//            wrapper if captured as a reference.
-//
-//   if (file.get() == -1) {
-//       // Error opening...
-//   }
-//
-//   ...
-//   if (error) {
-//       // At this point, when the Dex2oatFileWrapper is destructed, the cleanup function will run
-//       // and delete the file (after the fd is closed).
-//       return -1;
-//   }
-//
-//   (Success case)
-//   file.SetCleanup(false);
-//   // At this point, when the Dex2oatFileWrapper is destructed, the cleanup function will not run
-//   // (leaving the file around; after the fd is closed).
-//
-class Dex2oatFileWrapper {
- public:
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper() : value_(-1), cleanup_(), do_cleanup_(true), auto_close_(true) {
-    }
-
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper(int value, std::function<void ()> cleanup)
-            : value_(value), cleanup_(cleanup), do_cleanup_(true), auto_close_(true) {}
-
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper(Dex2oatFileWrapper&& other) {
-        value_ = other.value_;
-        cleanup_ = other.cleanup_;
-        do_cleanup_ = other.do_cleanup_;
-        auto_close_ = other.auto_close_;
-        other.release();
-    }
-
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper& operator=(Dex2oatFileWrapper&& other) {
-        value_ = other.value_;
-        cleanup_ = other.cleanup_;
-        do_cleanup_ = other.do_cleanup_;
-        auto_close_ = other.auto_close_;
-        other.release();
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    ~Dex2oatFileWrapper() {
-        reset(-1);
-    }
-
-    int get() {
-        return value_;
-    }
-
-    void SetCleanup(bool cleanup) {
-        do_cleanup_ = cleanup;
-    }
-
-    void reset(int new_value) {
-        if (auto_close_ && value_ >= 0) {
-            close(value_);
-        }
-        if (do_cleanup_ && cleanup_ != nullptr) {
-            cleanup_();
-        }
-
-        value_ = new_value;
-    }
-
-    void reset(int new_value, std::function<void ()> new_cleanup) {
-        if (auto_close_ && value_ >= 0) {
-            close(value_);
-        }
-        if (do_cleanup_ && cleanup_ != nullptr) {
-            cleanup_();
-        }
-
-        value_ = new_value;
-        cleanup_ = new_cleanup;
-    }
-
-    void DisableAutoClose() {
-        auto_close_ = false;
-    }
-
- private:
-    void release() {
-        value_ = -1;
-        do_cleanup_ = false;
-        cleanup_ = nullptr;
-    }
-    int value_;
-    std::function<void ()> cleanup_;
-    bool do_cleanup_;
-    bool auto_close_;
-};
-
 // (re)Creates the app image if needed.
-Dex2oatFileWrapper maybe_open_app_image(const char* out_oat_path,
+UniqueFile maybe_open_app_image(const std::string& out_oat_path,
         bool generate_app_image, bool is_public, int uid, bool is_secondary_dex) {
 
     const std::string image_path = create_image_filename(out_oat_path);
     if (image_path.empty()) {
         // Happens when the out_oat_path has an unknown extension.
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
 
     // In case there is a stale image, remove it now. Ignore any error.
@@ -1335,18 +868,19 @@
 
     // Not enabled, exit.
     if (!generate_app_image) {
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
     std::string app_image_format = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.appimageformat", "");
     if (app_image_format.empty()) {
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
     // Recreate is true since we do not want to modify a mapped image. If the app is
     // already running and we modify the image file, it can cause crashes (b/27493510).
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper wrapper_fd(
+    UniqueFile image_file(
             open_output_file(image_path.c_str(), true /*recreate*/, 0600 /*permissions*/),
-            [image_path]() { unlink(image_path.c_str()); });
-    if (wrapper_fd.get() < 0) {
+            image_path,
+            UnlinkIgnoreResult);
+    if (image_file.fd() < 0) {
         // Could not create application image file. Go on since we can compile without it.
         LOG(ERROR) << "installd could not create '" << image_path
                 << "' for image file during dexopt";
@@ -1357,21 +891,21 @@
             }
         }
     } else if (!set_permissions_and_ownership(
-                wrapper_fd.get(), is_public, uid, image_path.c_str(), is_secondary_dex)) {
+                image_file.fd(), is_public, uid, image_path.c_str(), is_secondary_dex)) {
         ALOGE("installd cannot set owner '%s' for image during dexopt\n", image_path.c_str());
-        wrapper_fd.reset(-1);
+        image_file.reset();
     }
 
-    return wrapper_fd;
+    return image_file;
 }
 
 // Creates the dexopt swap file if necessary and return its fd.
 // Returns -1 if there's no need for a swap or in case of errors.
-unique_fd maybe_open_dexopt_swap_file(const char* out_oat_path) {
+unique_fd maybe_open_dexopt_swap_file(const std::string& out_oat_path) {
     if (!ShouldUseSwapFileForDexopt()) {
         return invalid_unique_fd();
     }
-    auto swap_file_name = std::string(out_oat_path) + ".swap";
+    auto swap_file_name = out_oat_path + ".swap";
     unique_fd swap_fd(open_output_file(
             swap_file_name.c_str(), /*recreate*/true, /*permissions*/0600));
     if (swap_fd.get() < 0) {
@@ -1389,13 +923,13 @@
 
 // Opens the reference profiles if needed.
 // Note that the reference profile might not exist so it's OK if the fd will be -1.
-Dex2oatFileWrapper maybe_open_reference_profile(const std::string& pkgname,
+UniqueFile maybe_open_reference_profile(const std::string& pkgname,
         const std::string& dex_path, const char* profile_name, bool profile_guided,
         bool is_public, int uid, bool is_secondary_dex) {
     // If we are not profile guided compilation, or we are compiling system server
     // do not bother to open the profiles; we won't be using them.
     if (!profile_guided || (pkgname[0] == '*')) {
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
 
     // If this is a secondary dex path which is public do not open the profile.
@@ -1407,7 +941,7 @@
     // compiling with a public profile from the .dm file the PackageManager will
     // set is_public toghether with the profile guided compilation.
     if (is_secondary_dex && is_public) {
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
 
     // Open reference profile in read only mode as dex2oat does not get write permissions.
@@ -1417,33 +951,28 @@
     } else {
         if (profile_name == nullptr) {
             // This path is taken for system server re-compilation lunched from ZygoteInit.
-            return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+            return UniqueFile();
         } else {
             location = profile_name;
         }
     }
-    unique_fd ufd = open_reference_profile(uid, pkgname, location, /*read_write*/false,
-            is_secondary_dex);
-    const auto& cleanup = [pkgname, location, is_secondary_dex]() {
-        clear_reference_profile(pkgname, location, is_secondary_dex);
-    };
-    return Dex2oatFileWrapper(ufd.release(), cleanup);
+    return open_reference_profile_as_unique_file(uid, pkgname, location, /*read_write*/false,
+                                                 is_secondary_dex);
 }
 
-// Opens the vdex files and assigns the input fd to in_vdex_wrapper_fd and the output fd to
-// out_vdex_wrapper_fd. Returns true for success or false in case of errors.
+// Opens the vdex files and assigns the input fd to in_vdex_wrapper and the output fd to
+// out_vdex_wrapper. Returns true for success or false in case of errors.
 bool open_vdex_files_for_dex2oat(const char* apk_path, const char* out_oat_path, int dexopt_needed,
         const char* instruction_set, bool is_public, int uid, bool is_secondary_dex,
-        bool profile_guided, Dex2oatFileWrapper* in_vdex_wrapper_fd,
-        Dex2oatFileWrapper* out_vdex_wrapper_fd) {
-    CHECK(in_vdex_wrapper_fd != nullptr);
-    CHECK(out_vdex_wrapper_fd != nullptr);
+        bool profile_guided, UniqueFile* in_vdex_wrapper,
+        UniqueFile* out_vdex_wrapper) {
+    CHECK(in_vdex_wrapper != nullptr);
+    CHECK(out_vdex_wrapper != nullptr);
     // Open the existing VDEX. We do this before creating the new output VDEX, which will
     // unlink the old one.
     char in_odex_path[PKG_PATH_MAX];
     int dexopt_action = abs(dexopt_needed);
     bool is_odex_location = dexopt_needed < 0;
-    std::string in_vdex_path_str;
 
     // Infer the name of the output VDEX.
     const std::string out_vdex_path_str = create_vdex_filename(out_oat_path);
@@ -1465,7 +994,7 @@
         } else {
             path = out_oat_path;
         }
-        in_vdex_path_str = create_vdex_filename(path);
+        std::string in_vdex_path_str = create_vdex_filename(path);
         if (in_vdex_path_str.empty()) {
             ALOGE("installd cannot compute input vdex location for '%s'\n", path);
             return false;
@@ -1483,13 +1012,15 @@
             !profile_guided;
         if (update_vdex_in_place) {
             // Open the file read-write to be able to update it.
-            in_vdex_wrapper_fd->reset(open(in_vdex_path_str.c_str(), O_RDWR, 0));
-            if (in_vdex_wrapper_fd->get() == -1) {
+            in_vdex_wrapper->reset(open(in_vdex_path_str.c_str(), O_RDWR, 0),
+                                   in_vdex_path_str);
+            if (in_vdex_wrapper->fd() == -1) {
                 // If we failed to open the file, we cannot update it in place.
                 update_vdex_in_place = false;
             }
         } else {
-            in_vdex_wrapper_fd->reset(open(in_vdex_path_str.c_str(), O_RDONLY, 0));
+            in_vdex_wrapper->reset(open(in_vdex_path_str.c_str(), O_RDONLY, 0),
+                                   in_vdex_path_str);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1498,22 +1029,24 @@
     if (update_vdex_in_place) {
         // We unlink the file in case the invocation of dex2oat fails, to ensure we don't
         // have bogus stale vdex files.
-        out_vdex_wrapper_fd->reset(
-              in_vdex_wrapper_fd->get(),
-              [out_vdex_path_str]() { unlink(out_vdex_path_str.c_str()); });
+        out_vdex_wrapper->reset(
+              in_vdex_wrapper->fd(),
+              out_vdex_path_str,
+              UnlinkIgnoreResult);
         // Disable auto close for the in wrapper fd (it will be done when destructing the out
         // wrapper).
-        in_vdex_wrapper_fd->DisableAutoClose();
+        in_vdex_wrapper->DisableAutoClose();
     } else {
-        out_vdex_wrapper_fd->reset(
+        out_vdex_wrapper->reset(
               open_output_file(out_vdex_path_str.c_str(), /*recreate*/true, /*permissions*/0644),
-              [out_vdex_path_str]() { unlink(out_vdex_path_str.c_str()); });
-        if (out_vdex_wrapper_fd->get() < 0) {
+              out_vdex_path_str,
+              UnlinkIgnoreResult);
+        if (out_vdex_wrapper->fd() < 0) {
             ALOGE("installd cannot open vdex'%s' during dexopt\n", out_vdex_path_str.c_str());
             return false;
         }
     }
-    if (!set_permissions_and_ownership(out_vdex_wrapper_fd->get(), is_public, uid,
+    if (!set_permissions_and_ownership(out_vdex_wrapper->fd(), is_public, uid,
             out_vdex_path_str.c_str(), is_secondary_dex)) {
         ALOGE("installd cannot set owner '%s' for vdex during dexopt\n", out_vdex_path_str.c_str());
         return false;
@@ -1524,25 +1057,24 @@
 }
 
 // Opens the output oat file for the given apk.
-// If successful it stores the output path into out_oat_path and returns true.
-Dex2oatFileWrapper open_oat_out_file(const char* apk_path, const char* oat_dir,
-        bool is_public, int uid, const char* instruction_set, bool is_secondary_dex,
-        char* out_oat_path) {
+UniqueFile open_oat_out_file(const char* apk_path, const char* oat_dir,
+        bool is_public, int uid, const char* instruction_set, bool is_secondary_dex) {
+    char out_oat_path[PKG_PATH_MAX];
     if (!create_oat_out_path(apk_path, instruction_set, oat_dir, is_secondary_dex, out_oat_path)) {
-        return Dex2oatFileWrapper();
+        return UniqueFile();
     }
-    const std::string out_oat_path_str(out_oat_path);
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper wrapper_fd(
+    UniqueFile oat(
             open_output_file(out_oat_path, /*recreate*/true, /*permissions*/0644),
-            [out_oat_path_str]() { unlink(out_oat_path_str.c_str()); });
-    if (wrapper_fd.get() < 0) {
+            out_oat_path,
+            UnlinkIgnoreResult);
+    if (oat.fd() < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "installd cannot open output during dexopt" <<  out_oat_path;
     } else if (!set_permissions_and_ownership(
-                wrapper_fd.get(), is_public, uid, out_oat_path, is_secondary_dex)) {
+                oat.fd(), is_public, uid, out_oat_path, is_secondary_dex)) {
         ALOGE("installd cannot set owner '%s' for output during dexopt\n", out_oat_path);
-        wrapper_fd.reset(-1);
+        oat.reset();
     }
-    return wrapper_fd;
+    return oat;
 }
 
 // Creates RDONLY fds for oat and vdex files, if exist.
@@ -2149,8 +1681,8 @@
     }
 
     // Open the input file.
-    unique_fd input_fd(open(dex_path, O_RDONLY, 0));
-    if (input_fd.get() < 0) {
+    UniqueFile in_dex(open(dex_path, O_RDONLY, 0), dex_path);
+    if (in_dex.fd() < 0) {
         *error_msg = StringPrintf("installd cannot open '%s' for input during dexopt", dex_path);
         LOG(ERROR) << *error_msg;
         return -1;
@@ -2164,19 +1696,19 @@
     }
 
     // Create the output OAT file.
-    char out_oat_path[PKG_PATH_MAX];
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper out_oat_fd = open_oat_out_file(dex_path, oat_dir, is_public, uid,
-            instruction_set, is_secondary_dex, out_oat_path);
-    if (out_oat_fd.get() < 0) {
+    UniqueFile out_oat = open_oat_out_file(dex_path, oat_dir, is_public, uid,
+            instruction_set, is_secondary_dex);
+    if (out_oat.fd() < 0) {
         *error_msg = "Could not open out oat file.";
         return -1;
     }
 
     // Open vdex files.
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper in_vdex_fd;
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper out_vdex_fd;
-    if (!open_vdex_files_for_dex2oat(dex_path, out_oat_path, dexopt_needed, instruction_set,
-            is_public, uid, is_secondary_dex, profile_guided, &in_vdex_fd, &out_vdex_fd)) {
+    UniqueFile in_vdex;
+    UniqueFile out_vdex;
+    if (!open_vdex_files_for_dex2oat(dex_path, out_oat.path().c_str(), dexopt_needed,
+            instruction_set, is_public, uid, is_secondary_dex, profile_guided, &in_vdex,
+            &out_vdex)) {
         *error_msg = "Could not open vdex files.";
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2196,53 +1728,72 @@
     }
 
     // Create a swap file if necessary.
-    unique_fd swap_fd = maybe_open_dexopt_swap_file(out_oat_path);
+    unique_fd swap_fd = maybe_open_dexopt_swap_file(out_oat.path());
 
     // Open the reference profile if needed.
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper reference_profile_fd = maybe_open_reference_profile(
+    UniqueFile reference_profile = maybe_open_reference_profile(
             pkgname, dex_path, profile_name, profile_guided, is_public, uid, is_secondary_dex);
 
-    if (reference_profile_fd.get() == -1) {
+    if (reference_profile.fd() == -1) {
         // We don't create an app image without reference profile since there is no speedup from
         // loading it in that case and instead will be a small overhead.
         generate_app_image = false;
     }
 
     // Create the app image file if needed.
-    Dex2oatFileWrapper image_fd = maybe_open_app_image(
-            out_oat_path, generate_app_image, is_public, uid, is_secondary_dex);
+    UniqueFile out_image = maybe_open_app_image(
+            out_oat.path(), generate_app_image, is_public, uid, is_secondary_dex);
 
-    unique_fd dex_metadata_fd;
+    UniqueFile dex_metadata;
     if (dex_metadata_path != nullptr) {
-        dex_metadata_fd.reset(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(dex_metadata_path, O_RDONLY | O_NOFOLLOW)));
-        if (dex_metadata_fd.get() < 0) {
+        dex_metadata.reset(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(dex_metadata_path, O_RDONLY | O_NOFOLLOW)),
+                           dex_metadata_path);
+        if (dex_metadata.fd() < 0) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open dex metadata file " << dex_metadata_path;
         }
     }
 
+    std::string jitzygote_flag = server_configurable_flags::GetServerConfigurableFlag(
+        RUNTIME_NATIVE_BOOT_NAMESPACE,
+        ENABLE_JITZYGOTE_IMAGE,
+        /*default_value=*/ "");
+    bool use_jitzygote_image = jitzygote_flag == "true" || IsBootClassPathProfilingEnable();
+
+    // Decide whether to use dex2oat64.
+    bool use_dex2oat64 = false;
+    // Check whether the device even supports 64-bit ABIs.
+    if (!GetProperty("ro.product.cpu.abilist64", "").empty()) {
+      use_dex2oat64 = GetBoolProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat64.enabled", false);
+    }
+    const char* dex2oat_bin = select_execution_binary(
+        (use_dex2oat64 ? kDex2oat64Path : kDex2oat32Path),
+        (use_dex2oat64 ? kDex2oatDebug64Path : kDex2oatDebug32Path),
+        background_job_compile);
+
+    auto execv_helper = std::make_unique<ExecVHelper>();
+
     LOG(VERBOSE) << "DexInv: --- BEGIN '" << dex_path << "' ---";
 
-    RunDex2Oat runner(input_fd.get(),
-                      out_oat_fd.get(),
-                      in_vdex_fd.get(),
-                      out_vdex_fd.get(),
-                      image_fd.get(),
-                      dex_path,
-                      out_oat_path,
+    RunDex2Oat runner(dex2oat_bin, execv_helper.get());
+    runner.Initialize(out_oat,
+                      out_vdex,
+                      out_image,
+                      in_dex,
+                      in_vdex,
+                      dex_metadata,
+                      reference_profile,
+                      class_loader_context,
+                      join_fds(context_input_fds),
                       swap_fd.get(),
                       instruction_set,
                       compiler_filter,
                       debuggable,
                       boot_complete,
                       for_restore,
-                      background_job_compile,
-                      reference_profile_fd.get(),
-                      class_loader_context,
-                      join_fds(context_input_fds),
                       target_sdk_version,
                       enable_hidden_api_checks,
                       generate_compact_dex,
-                      dex_metadata_fd.get(),
+                      use_jitzygote_image,
                       compilation_reason);
 
     pid_t pid = fork();
@@ -2251,8 +1802,8 @@
         drop_capabilities(uid);
 
         SetDex2OatScheduling(boot_complete);
-        if (flock(out_oat_fd.get(), LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "flock(" << out_oat_path << ") failed";
+        if (flock(out_oat.fd(), LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "flock(" << out_oat.path() << ") failed";
             _exit(DexoptReturnCodes::kFlock);
         }
 
@@ -2269,13 +1820,13 @@
         }
     }
 
-    update_out_oat_access_times(dex_path, out_oat_path);
+    update_out_oat_access_times(dex_path, out_oat.path().c_str());
 
     // We've been successful, don't delete output.
-    out_oat_fd.SetCleanup(false);
-    out_vdex_fd.SetCleanup(false);
-    image_fd.SetCleanup(false);
-    reference_profile_fd.SetCleanup(false);
+    out_oat.DisableCleanup();
+    out_vdex.DisableCleanup();
+    out_image.DisableCleanup();
+    reference_profile.DisableCleanup();
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -2325,7 +1876,7 @@
 //   out_secondary_dex_exists will be set to false.
 bool reconcile_secondary_dex_file(const std::string& dex_path,
         const std::string& pkgname, int uid, const std::vector<std::string>& isas,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volume_uuid, int storage_flag,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volume_uuid, int storage_flag,
         /*out*/bool* out_secondary_dex_exists) {
     *out_secondary_dex_exists = false;  // start by assuming the file does not exist.
     if (isas.size() == 0) {
@@ -2346,7 +1897,7 @@
         /* child -- drop privileges before continuing */
         drop_capabilities(uid);
 
-        const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid == nullptr ? nullptr : volume_uuid->c_str();
+        const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid ? volume_uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
         if (!validate_secondary_dex_path(pkgname, dex_path, volume_uuid_cstr,
                 uid, storage_flag)) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Could not validate secondary dex path " << dex_path;
@@ -2447,11 +1998,11 @@
 // the app.
 // For any other errors (e.g. if any of the parameters are invalid) returns false.
 bool hash_secondary_dex_file(const std::string& dex_path, const std::string& pkgname, int uid,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volume_uuid, int storage_flag,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volume_uuid, int storage_flag,
         std::vector<uint8_t>* out_secondary_dex_hash) {
     out_secondary_dex_hash->clear();
 
-    const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid == nullptr ? nullptr : volume_uuid->c_str();
+    const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid ? volume_uuid->c_str() : nullptr;
 
     if (storage_flag != FLAG_STORAGE_CE && storage_flag != FLAG_STORAGE_DE) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "hash_secondary_dex_file called with invalid storage_flag: "
@@ -2978,7 +2529,7 @@
                          appid_t app_id,
                          const std::string& profile_name,
                          const std::string& code_path,
-                         const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dex_metadata) {
+                         const std::optional<std::string>& dex_metadata) {
     // Prepare the current profile.
     std::string cur_profile  = create_current_profile_path(user_id, package_name, profile_name,
             /*is_secondary_dex*/ false);
@@ -2989,7 +2540,7 @@
     }
 
     // Check if we need to install the profile from the dex metadata.
-    if (dex_metadata == nullptr) {
+    if (!dex_metadata) {
         return true;
     }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/dexopt.h b/cmds/installd/dexopt.h
index cc44873..d35953c 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/dexopt.h
+++ b/cmds/installd/dexopt.h
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
+#include <optional>
+
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -100,17 +102,17 @@
                          appid_t app_id,
                          const std::string& profile_name,
                          const std::string& code_path,
-                         const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& dex_metadata);
+                         const std::optional<std::string>& dex_metadata);
 
 bool delete_odex(const char* apk_path, const char* instruction_set, const char* output_path);
 
 bool reconcile_secondary_dex_file(const std::string& dex_path,
         const std::string& pkgname, int uid, const std::vector<std::string>& isas,
-        const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volumeUuid, int storage_flag,
+        const std::optional<std::string>& volumeUuid, int storage_flag,
         /*out*/bool* out_secondary_dex_exists);
 
 bool hash_secondary_dex_file(const std::string& dex_path,
-        const std::string& pkgname, int uid, const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& volume_uuid,
+        const std::string& pkgname, int uid, const std::optional<std::string>& volume_uuid,
         int storage_flag, std::vector<uint8_t>* out_secondary_dex_hash);
 
 int dexopt(const char *apk_path, uid_t uid, const char *pkgName, const char *instruction_set,
diff --git a/cmds/installd/dexopt_return_codes.h b/cmds/installd/dexopt_return_codes.h
index bbecfa4..e5198ad 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/dexopt_return_codes.h
+++ b/cmds/installd/dexopt_return_codes.h
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <dex2oat_return_codes.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace installd {
 
@@ -70,48 +68,21 @@
     return nullptr;
 }
 
-inline const char* get_dex2oat_return_code_name(art::dex2oat::ReturnCode code) {
-    switch (code) {
-        case art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kNoFailure:
-            return "dex2oat success";
-        case art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kOther:
-            return "unspecified dex2oat error";
-        case art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kCreateRuntime:
-            return "dex2oat failed to create a runtime";
+inline const char* get_dex2oat_return_code_name(int code) {
+    if (code == 0) {
+        return "dex2oat success";
+    } else {
+        return "dex2oat error";
     }
-    return nullptr;
 }
 
-// Get some slightly descriptive string for the return code. Handles both DexoptReturnCodes (local
-// exit codes) as well as art::dex2oat::ReturnCode.
+// Get some slightly descriptive string for the return code.
 inline const char* get_return_code_name(int code) {
-    // Try to enforce non-overlap (see comment on DexoptReturnCodes)
-    // TODO: How could switch-case checks be used to enforce completeness?
-    switch (code) {
-        case kSetGid:
-        case kSetUid:
-        case kCapSet:
-        case kFlock:
-        case kProfmanExec:
-        case kSetSchedPolicy:
-        case kSetPriority:
-        case kDex2oatExec:
-        case kInstructionSetLength:
-        case kHashValidatePath:
-        case kHashOpenPath:
-        case kHashReadDex:
-        case kHashWrite:
-            break;
-        case static_cast<int>(art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kNoFailure):
-        case static_cast<int>(art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kOther):
-        case static_cast<int>(art::dex2oat::ReturnCode::kCreateRuntime):
-            break;
-    }
     const char* value = get_installd_return_code_name(static_cast<DexoptReturnCodes>(code));
     if (value != nullptr) {
         return value;
     }
-    value = get_dex2oat_return_code_name(static_cast<art::dex2oat::ReturnCode>(code));
+    value = get_dex2oat_return_code_name(code);
     return value;
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/execv_helper.cpp b/cmds/installd/execv_helper.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2d240a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/execv_helper.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#define LOG_TAG "installd"
+
+#include "execv_helper.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+// Store a placeholder for the binary name.
+ExecVHelper::ExecVHelper() : args_(1u, std::string()) {}
+
+ExecVHelper::~ExecVHelper() {}
+
+void ExecVHelper::PrepareArgs(const std::string& bin) {
+    CHECK(!args_.empty());
+    CHECK(args_[0].empty());
+    args_[0] = bin;
+    // Write char* into array.
+    for (const std::string& arg : args_) {
+        argv_.push_back(arg.c_str());
+    }
+    argv_.push_back(nullptr);  // Add null terminator.
+}
+
+void ExecVHelper::Exec(int exit_code) {
+    execv(argv_[0], (char * const *)&argv_[0]);
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "execv(" << argv_[0] << ") failed";
+    exit(exit_code);
+}
+
+void ExecVHelper::AddArg(const std::string& arg) {
+    if (!arg.empty()) {
+        args_.push_back(arg);
+    }
+}
+
+void ExecVHelper::AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg) {
+    if (!arg.empty()) {
+        args_.push_back("--runtime-arg");
+        args_.push_back(arg);
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/installd/execv_helper.h b/cmds/installd/execv_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9adfc0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/execv_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_INSTALLD_EXECV_HELPER_H
+#define ANDROID_INSTALLD_EXECV_HELPER_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+// ExecVHelper prepares and holds pointers to parsed command line arguments so that no allocations
+// need to be performed between the fork and exec.
+class ExecVHelper {
+  public:
+    ExecVHelper();
+    virtual ~ExecVHelper();
+
+    [[ noreturn ]]
+    virtual void Exec(int exit_code);
+
+    void PrepareArgs(const std::string& bin);
+
+    // Add an arg if it's not empty.
+    void AddArg(const std::string& arg);
+
+    // Add a runtime arg if it's not empty.
+    void AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg);
+
+  protected:
+    // Holder arrays for backing arg storage.
+    std::vector<std::string> args_;
+
+    // Argument poiners.
+    std::vector<const char*> argv_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_INSTALLD_EXECV_HELPER_H
diff --git a/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp b/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
index 18f8268..443821c 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
@@ -31,10 +31,8 @@
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
-#include <art_image_values.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
-#include <dex2oat_return_codes.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
@@ -96,7 +94,7 @@
 
 template<typename T>
 static constexpr T RoundDown(T x, typename std::decay<T>::type n) {
-    return DCHECK_CONSTEXPR(IsPowerOfTwo(n), , T(0))(x & -n);
+    return (x & -n);
 }
 
 template<typename T>
@@ -523,6 +521,7 @@
     // Choose a random relocation offset. Taken from art/runtime/gc/image_space.cc.
     static int32_t ChooseRelocationOffsetDelta(int32_t min_delta, int32_t max_delta) {
         constexpr size_t kPageSize = PAGE_SIZE;
+        static_assert(IsPowerOfTwo(kPageSize), "page size must be power of two");
         CHECK_EQ(min_delta % kPageSize, 0u);
         CHECK_EQ(max_delta % kPageSize, 0u);
         CHECK_LT(min_delta, max_delta);
diff --git a/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.cpp b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17ea903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#define LOG_TAG "installd"
+
+#include "run_dex2oat.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <server_configurable_flags/get_flags.h>
+
+#include "unique_file.h"
+
+using android::base::Basename;
+using android::base::StringPrintf;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+namespace {
+
+// Should minidebug info be included in compiled artifacts? Even if this value is
+// "true," usage might still be conditional to other constraints, e.g., system
+// property overrides.
+static constexpr bool kEnableMinidebugInfo = true;
+
+static constexpr const char* kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty = "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-minidebuginfo";
+static constexpr bool kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault = false;
+static constexpr const char* kMinidebugDex2oatFlag = "--generate-mini-debug-info";
+static constexpr const char* kDisableCompactDexFlag = "--compact-dex-level=none";
+
+// Location of the JIT Zygote image.
+static const char* kJitZygoteImage =
+    "boot.art:/nonx/boot-framework.art!/system/etc/boot-image.prof";
+
+std::vector<std::string> SplitBySpaces(const std::string& str) {
+    if (str.empty()) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return android::base::Split(str, " ");
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+RunDex2Oat::RunDex2Oat(const char* dex2oat_bin, ExecVHelper* execv_helper)
+  : dex2oat_bin_(dex2oat_bin), execv_helper_(execv_helper) {}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::Initialize(const UniqueFile& output_oat,
+                            const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                            const UniqueFile& output_image,
+                            const UniqueFile& input_dex,
+                            const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                            const UniqueFile& dex_metadata,
+                            const UniqueFile& profile,
+                            const char* class_loader_context,
+                            const std::string& class_loader_context_fds,
+                            int swap_fd,
+                            const char* instruction_set,
+                            const char* compiler_filter,
+                            bool debuggable,
+                            bool post_bootcomplete,
+                            bool for_restore,
+                            int target_sdk_version,
+                            bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                            bool generate_compact_dex,
+                            bool use_jitzygote_image,
+                            const char* compilation_reason) {
+    PrepareBootImageAndBootClasspathFlags(use_jitzygote_image);
+
+    PrepareInputFileFlags(output_oat, output_vdex, output_image, input_dex, input_vdex,
+                          dex_metadata, profile, swap_fd, class_loader_context,
+                          class_loader_context_fds);
+
+    PrepareCompilerConfigFlags(input_vdex, output_vdex, instruction_set, compiler_filter,
+                               debuggable, target_sdk_version, enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                               generate_compact_dex, compilation_reason);
+
+    PrepareCompilerRuntimeAndPerfConfigFlags(post_bootcomplete, for_restore);
+
+    const std::string dex2oat_flags = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", "");
+    std::vector<std::string> dex2oat_flags_args = SplitBySpaces(dex2oat_flags);
+    ALOGV("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags=%s\n", dex2oat_flags.c_str());
+
+    // Do not add args after dex2oat_flags, they should override others for debugging.
+    for (auto it = dex2oat_flags_args.begin(); it != dex2oat_flags_args.end(); ++it) {
+        AddArg(*it);
+    }
+
+    execv_helper_->PrepareArgs(dex2oat_bin_);
+}
+
+RunDex2Oat::~RunDex2Oat() {}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::PrepareBootImageAndBootClasspathFlags(bool use_jitzygote_image) {
+    std::string boot_image;
+    if (use_jitzygote_image) {
+        boot_image = StringPrintf("--boot-image=%s", kJitZygoteImage);
+    } else {
+        boot_image = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-image", "--boot-image=%s");
+    }
+    AddArg(boot_image);
+
+    // If DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH is not in the environment, dex2oat is going to query
+    // BOOTCLASSPATH.
+    char* dex2oat_bootclasspath = getenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH");
+    if (dex2oat_bootclasspath != nullptr) {
+        AddRuntimeArg(StringPrintf("-Xbootclasspath:%s", dex2oat_bootclasspath));
+    }
+
+    std::string updatable_bcp_packages =
+            MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-updatable-bcp-packages-file",
+                             "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=%s");
+    if (updatable_bcp_packages.empty()) {
+        // Make dex2oat fail by providing non-existent file name.
+        updatable_bcp_packages =
+                "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=/nonx/updatable-bcp-packages.txt";
+    }
+    AddArg(updatable_bcp_packages);
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::PrepareInputFileFlags(const UniqueFile& output_oat,
+                                       const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                                       const UniqueFile& output_image,
+                                       const UniqueFile& input_dex,
+                                       const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                                       const UniqueFile& dex_metadata,
+                                       const UniqueFile& profile,
+                                       int swap_fd,
+                                       const char* class_loader_context,
+                                       const std::string& class_loader_context_fds) {
+    std::string input_basename = Basename(input_dex.path());
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Running " << dex2oat_bin_ << " in=" << input_basename << " out="
+                 << output_oat.path();
+
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--zip-fd=%d", input_dex.fd()));
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--zip-location=%s", input_basename.c_str()));
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--oat-fd=%d", output_oat.fd()));
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--oat-location=%s", output_oat.path().c_str()));
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--input-vdex-fd=%d", input_vdex.fd()));
+    AddArg(StringPrintf("--output-vdex-fd=%d", output_vdex.fd()));
+
+    if (output_image.fd() >= 0) {
+        AddArg(StringPrintf("--app-image-fd=%d", output_image.fd()));
+        AddArg(MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.appimageformat", "--image-format=%s"));
+    }
+    if (dex_metadata.fd() > -1) {
+        AddArg("--dm-fd=" + std::to_string(dex_metadata.fd()));
+    }
+    if (profile.fd() != -1) {
+        AddArg(StringPrintf("--profile-file-fd=%d", profile.fd()));
+    }
+    if (swap_fd >= 0) {
+        AddArg(StringPrintf("--swap-fd=%d", swap_fd));
+    }
+
+    // Get the directory of the apk to pass as a base classpath directory.
+    {
+        std::string apk_dir(input_dex.path());
+        size_t dir_index = apk_dir.rfind('/');
+        if (dir_index != std::string::npos) {
+            apk_dir = apk_dir.substr(0, dir_index);
+            AddArg(StringPrintf("--classpath-dir=%s", apk_dir.c_str()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (class_loader_context != nullptr) {
+        AddArg(StringPrintf("--class-loader-context=%s", class_loader_context));
+        if (!class_loader_context_fds.empty()) {
+            AddArg(StringPrintf("--class-loader-context-fds=%s",
+                                class_loader_context_fds.c_str()));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::PrepareCompilerConfigFlags(const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                                            const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                                            const char* instruction_set,
+                                            const char* compiler_filter,
+                                            bool debuggable,
+                                            int target_sdk_version,
+                                            bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                                            bool generate_compact_dex,
+                                            const char* compilation_reason) {
+    // Disable cdex if update input vdex is true since this combination of options is not
+    // supported.
+    const bool disable_cdex = !generate_compact_dex || (input_vdex.fd() == output_vdex.fd());
+    if (disable_cdex) {
+        AddArg(kDisableCompactDexFlag);
+    }
+
+    // ISA related
+    {
+        AddArg(StringPrintf("--instruction-set=%s", instruction_set));
+
+        const std::string dex2oat_isa_features_key =
+                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
+        std::string instruction_set_features_arg =
+                MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "--instruction-set-features=%s");
+        AddArg(instruction_set_features_arg);
+
+        const std::string dex2oat_isa_variant_key =
+                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
+        std::string instruction_set_variant_arg =
+                MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "--instruction-set-variant=%s");
+        AddArg(instruction_set_variant_arg);
+    }
+
+    // Compute compiler filter.
+    {
+        std::string dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg;
+        {
+            // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
+            std::string vold_decrypt = GetProperty("vold.decrypt", "");
+            bool skip_compilation = vold_decrypt == "trigger_restart_min_framework" ||
+                    vold_decrypt == "1";
+
+            bool have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = false;
+            if (skip_compilation) {
+                dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = "--compiler-filter=extract";
+                have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = true;
+            } else if (compiler_filter != nullptr) {
+                dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = StringPrintf("--compiler-filter=%s",
+                                                           compiler_filter);
+            }
+            if (have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag) {
+                AddRuntimeArg("-Xnorelocate");
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg.empty()) {
+            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter",
+                                                           "--compiler-filter=%s");
+        }
+        AddArg(dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg);
+
+        if (compilation_reason != nullptr) {
+            AddArg(std::string("--compilation-reason=") + compilation_reason);
+        }
+    }
+
+    AddArg(MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-max-image-block-size",
+                            "--max-image-block-size=%s"));
+
+    AddArg(MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-very-large",
+                            "--very-large-app-threshold=%s"));
+
+    std::string resolve_startup_string_arg = MapPropertyToArg(
+        "persist.device_config.runtime.dex2oat_resolve_startup_strings",
+        "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
+    if (resolve_startup_string_arg.empty()) {
+        // If empty, fall back to system property.
+        resolve_startup_string_arg =
+                MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-resolve-startup-strings",
+                                 "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
+    }
+    AddArg(resolve_startup_string_arg);
+
+    // Debug related
+    {
+        // Check whether all apps should be compiled debuggable.
+        if (!debuggable) {
+            debuggable = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.always_debuggable", "") == "1";
+        }
+        if (debuggable) {
+            AddArg("--debuggable");
+        }
+
+        const bool generate_debug_info = GetBoolProperty("debug.generate-debug-info", false);
+        if (generate_debug_info) {
+            AddArg("--generate-debug-info");
+        }
+        {
+            bool generate_minidebug_info = kEnableMinidebugInfo &&
+                    GetBoolProperty(kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty,
+                                    kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault);
+            if (generate_minidebug_info) {
+                AddArg(kMinidebugDex2oatFlag);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (target_sdk_version != 0) {
+        AddRuntimeArg(StringPrintf("-Xtarget-sdk-version:%d", target_sdk_version));
+    }
+
+    if (enable_hidden_api_checks) {
+        AddRuntimeArg("-Xhidden-api-policy:enabled");
+    }
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::PrepareCompilerRuntimeAndPerfConfigFlags(bool post_bootcomplete,
+                                                          bool for_restore) {
+    // CPU set
+    {
+        std::string cpu_set_format = "--cpu-set=%s";
+        std::string dex2oat_cpu_set_arg = post_bootcomplete
+                ? (for_restore
+                   ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
+                           "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-cpu-set",
+                           "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set",
+                           cpu_set_format)
+                   : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format))
+                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format);
+        AddArg(dex2oat_cpu_set_arg);
+    }
+
+    // Number of threads
+    {
+        std::string threads_format = "-j%s";
+        std::string dex2oat_threads_arg = post_bootcomplete
+                ? (for_restore
+                   ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
+                           "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-threads",
+                           "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads",
+                           threads_format)
+                   : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", threads_format))
+                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-threads", threads_format);
+        AddArg(dex2oat_threads_arg);
+    }
+
+    AddRuntimeArg(MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", "-Xms%s"));
+    AddRuntimeArg(MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", "-Xmx%s"));
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::Exec(int exit_code) {
+    execv_helper_->Exec(exit_code);
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::AddArg(const std::string& arg) {
+    execv_helper_->AddArg(arg);
+}
+
+void RunDex2Oat::AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg) {
+    execv_helper_->AddRuntimeArg(arg);
+}
+
+std::string RunDex2Oat::GetProperty(const std::string& key,
+                                    const std::string& default_value) {
+    return android::base::GetProperty(key, default_value);
+}
+
+bool RunDex2Oat::GetBoolProperty(const std::string& key, bool default_value) {
+    return android::base::GetBoolProperty(key, default_value);
+}
+
+std::string RunDex2Oat::MapPropertyToArg(const std::string& property,
+                                         const std::string& format,
+                                         const std::string& default_value) {
+    std::string prop = GetProperty(property, default_value);
+    if (!prop.empty()) {
+        return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), prop.c_str());
+    }
+    return "";
+}
+
+std::string RunDex2Oat::MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
+        const std::string& property,
+        const std::string& backupProperty,
+        const std::string& format,
+        const std::string& default_value) {
+    std::string value = GetProperty(property, default_value);
+    if (!value.empty()) {
+        return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), value.c_str());
+    }
+    return MapPropertyToArg(backupProperty, format, default_value);
+}
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.h b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..325a3a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_INSTALLD_RUN_DEX2OAT_H
+#define ANDROID_INSTALLD_RUN_DEX2OAT_H
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "execv_helper.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+class UniqueFile;
+
+class RunDex2Oat {
+  public:
+    explicit RunDex2Oat(const char* dex2oat_bin, ExecVHelper* execv_helper);
+    virtual ~RunDex2Oat();
+
+    void Initialize(const UniqueFile& output_oat,
+                    const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                    const UniqueFile& output_image,
+                    const UniqueFile& input_dex,
+                    const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                    const UniqueFile& dex_metadata,
+                    const UniqueFile& profile,
+                    const char* class_loader_context,
+                    const std::string& class_loader_context_fds,
+                    int swap_fd,
+                    const char* instruction_set,
+                    const char* compiler_filter,
+                    bool debuggable,
+                    bool post_bootcomplete,
+                    bool for_restore,
+                    int target_sdk_version,
+                    bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                    bool generate_compact_dex,
+                    bool use_jitzygote_image,
+                    const char* compilation_reason);
+
+    void Exec(int exit_code);
+
+  protected:
+    void PrepareBootImageAndBootClasspathFlags(bool use_jitzygote_image);
+    void PrepareInputFileFlags(const UniqueFile& output_oat,
+                               const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                               const UniqueFile& output_image,
+                               const UniqueFile& input_dex,
+                               const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                               const UniqueFile& dex_metadata,
+                               const UniqueFile& profile,
+                               int swap_fd,
+                               const char* class_loader_context,
+                               const std::string& class_loader_context_fds);
+    void PrepareCompilerConfigFlags(const UniqueFile& input_vdex,
+                                    const UniqueFile& output_vdex,
+                                    const char* instruction_set,
+                                    const char* compiler_filter,
+                                    bool debuggable,
+                                    int target_sdk_version,
+                                    bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                                    bool generate_compact_dex,
+                                    const char* compilation_reason);
+    void PrepareCompilerRuntimeAndPerfConfigFlags(bool post_bootcomplete, bool for_restore);
+
+    virtual std::string GetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value);
+    virtual bool GetBoolProperty(const std::string& key, bool default_value);
+
+  private:
+    void AddArg(const std::string& arg);
+    void AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg);
+
+    std::string MapPropertyToArg(const std::string& property,
+                                 const std::string& format,
+                                 const std::string& default_value = "");
+
+    std::string MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(const std::string& property,
+                                           const std::string& backupProperty,
+                                           const std::string& format,
+                                           const std::string& default_value = "");
+
+    const std::string dex2oat_bin_;
+    ExecVHelper* execv_helper_;  // not owned
+};
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_INSTALLD_RUN_DEX2OAT_H
diff --git a/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.cpp b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3813cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,585 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "execv_helper.h"
+#include "run_dex2oat.h"
+#include "unique_file.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+class RunDex2OatTest : public testing::Test {
+  public:
+    static constexpr const char* INPUT_PATH = "/dir/input/basename.apk";
+    static constexpr const char* OUTPUT_PATH = "/dir/output/basename.oat";
+    static constexpr const char* FLAG_UNUSED = "{{FLAG_UNUSED}}";
+
+    // UniqueFile closes FD. Avoid using standard I/O since the test is expected to print gtest
+    // results. Alternatively, mock out UniqueFile to avoid the side effect of close(2).
+    static constexpr int ZIP_FD = 3;
+    static constexpr int OAT_FD = 4;
+    static constexpr int INPUT_VDEX_FD = 5;
+    static constexpr int OUTPUT_VDEX_FD = 6;
+    static constexpr int IMAGE_FD = 7;
+    static constexpr int PROFILE_FD = 8;
+    static constexpr int DEX_METADATA_FD = 9;
+    static constexpr int SWAP_FD = 10;
+
+    using FakeSystemProperties = std::map<std::string, std::string>;
+
+    // A fake RunDex2Oat that allows to override (fake) system properties and starts with none.
+    class FakeRunDex2Oat : public RunDex2Oat {
+      private:
+        static constexpr const char* TRUE_STR = "true";
+        static constexpr const char* FALSE_STR = "false";
+
+      public:
+        FakeRunDex2Oat(ExecVHelper* execv_helper, FakeSystemProperties* properties)
+          : RunDex2Oat("/dir/bin/dex2oat", execv_helper), properties_(properties) { }
+
+        virtual ~FakeRunDex2Oat() {}
+
+        virtual std::string GetProperty(const std::string& key,
+                                        const std::string& default_value) override {
+            if (!properties_) {
+                return default_value;
+            }
+            auto iter = properties_->find(key);
+            if (iter == properties_->end()) {
+                return default_value;
+            }
+            return iter->second;
+        }
+
+        virtual bool GetBoolProperty(const std::string& key, bool default_value) override {
+            std::string value = GetProperty(key, "");
+            if (value == "") {
+                return default_value;
+            }
+            return value == TRUE_STR;
+        }
+
+      private:
+        FakeSystemProperties* properties_;
+    };
+
+    struct RunDex2OatArgs {
+        static std::unique_ptr<RunDex2OatArgs> MakeDefaultTestArgs() {
+            auto args = std::make_unique<RunDex2OatArgs>();
+            args->input_dex.reset(ZIP_FD, INPUT_PATH);
+            args->output_oat.reset(OAT_FD, OUTPUT_PATH);
+            args->input_vdex.reset(INPUT_VDEX_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+            args->output_vdex.reset(OUTPUT_VDEX_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+            args->instruction_set = "arm64";
+            args->compilation_reason = "rundex2oattest";
+            return args;
+        }
+
+        UniqueFile output_oat;
+        UniqueFile output_vdex;
+        UniqueFile output_image;
+        UniqueFile input_dex;
+        UniqueFile input_vdex;
+        UniqueFile dex_metadata;
+        UniqueFile profile;
+        int swap_fd = -1;
+        const char* instruction_set = nullptr;
+        const char* compiler_filter = "extract";
+        bool debuggable = false;
+        bool post_bootcomplete = false;
+        bool for_restore = false;
+        const char* class_loader_context = nullptr;
+        std::string class_loader_context_fds;
+        int target_sdk_version = 0;
+        bool enable_hidden_api_checks = false;
+        bool generate_compact_dex = true;
+        bool use_jitzygote_image = false;
+        const char* compilation_reason = nullptr;
+    };
+
+    class FakeExecVHelper : public ExecVHelper {
+      public:
+        bool HasArg(const std::string& arg) const {
+            auto end = argv_.end() - 1;  // To exclude the terminating nullptr
+            return find(argv_.begin(), end, arg) != end;
+        }
+
+        bool FlagNotUsed(const std::string& flag) const {
+            auto has_prefix = [flag](const char* arg) {
+                return strncmp(arg, flag.c_str(), flag.size()) == 0;
+            };
+            auto end = argv_.end() - 1;  // To exclude the terminating nullptr
+            return find_if(argv_.begin(), end, has_prefix) == end;
+        }
+
+        virtual void Exec(int exit_code) override {
+            std::string cmd;
+            for (auto arg : argv_) {
+                if (arg == nullptr) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                cmd += arg;
+                cmd += " ";
+            }
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "FakeExecVHelper exit_code: " << exit_code << " cmd: " << cmd << "\n";
+        }
+    };
+
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        execv_helper_.reset(new FakeExecVHelper());
+        system_properties_.clear();
+        initializeDefaultExpectedFlags();
+    }
+
+    // Initializes the default flags expected to a run.  It currently matches to the expected flags
+    // with RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs.
+    //
+    // default_expected_flags_ defines a mapping of <flag_name, expected_value>, where flag_name is
+    // something like "--flag-name", and expected_value can be "=value" or ":value" (depending on
+    // its delimiter), "" (if no value is needed), or a special value of FLAG_UNUSED to indicates
+    // that it should not be used.
+    void initializeDefaultExpectedFlags() {
+        default_expected_flags_.clear();
+
+        // Files
+        default_expected_flags_["--zip-fd"] = "=" + std::to_string(ZIP_FD);
+        default_expected_flags_["--zip-location"] = "=basename.apk";
+        default_expected_flags_["--oat-fd"] = "=" + std::to_string(OAT_FD);
+        default_expected_flags_["--oat-location"] = "=" + std::string(OUTPUT_PATH);
+        default_expected_flags_["--input-vdex-fd"] = "=" + std::to_string(INPUT_VDEX_FD);
+        default_expected_flags_["--output-vdex-fd"] = "=" + std::to_string(OUTPUT_VDEX_FD);
+        default_expected_flags_["--classpath-dir"] = "=/dir/input";
+        default_expected_flags_["--app-image-fd"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--profile-file-fd"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--swap-fd"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--class-loader-context"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--class-loader-context-fds"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--updatable-bcp-packages-file"] =
+                "=/nonx/updatable-bcp-packages.txt";
+
+        // Arch
+        default_expected_flags_["--instruction-set"] = "=arm64";
+        default_expected_flags_["--instruction-set-features"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--instruction-set-variant"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--cpu-set"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+
+        // Misc
+        default_expected_flags_["--compiler-filter"] = "=extract";
+        default_expected_flags_["--compilation-reason"] = "=rundex2oattest";
+        default_expected_flags_["--compact-dex-level"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-j"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--max-image-block-size"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--very-large-app-threshold"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--resolve-startup-const-strings"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+
+        // Debug
+        default_expected_flags_["--debuggable"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--generate-debug-info"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--generate-mini-debug-info"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+
+        // Runtime
+        // TODO(victorhsieh): Check if the previous flag is actually --runtime-arg.
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xms"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xmx"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xbootclasspath"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xtarget-sdk-version"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xhidden-api-policy"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["-Xnorelocate"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+
+        // Test only
+        default_expected_flags_["--foo"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--bar"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+        default_expected_flags_["--baz"] = FLAG_UNUSED;
+    }
+
+    void SetExpectedFlagUsed(const std::string& flag, const std::string& value) {
+        auto iter = default_expected_flags_.find(flag);
+        ASSERT_NE(iter, default_expected_flags_.end()) << "Must define the default value";
+        iter->second = value;
+    }
+
+    void VerifyExpectedFlags() {
+        for (auto const& [flag, value] : default_expected_flags_) {
+            if (value == FLAG_UNUSED) {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(execv_helper_->FlagNotUsed(flag))
+                    << "Flag " << flag << " should be unused, but got the value " << value;
+            } else if (value == "") {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(execv_helper_->HasArg(flag))
+                    << "Flag " << flag << " should be specified without value, but got " << value;
+            } else {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(execv_helper_->HasArg(flag + value))
+                    << "Flag " << flag << value << " is not specificed";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void setSystemProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) {
+        system_properties_[key] = value;
+    }
+
+    void CallRunDex2Oat(std::unique_ptr<RunDex2OatArgs> args) {
+        FakeRunDex2Oat runner(execv_helper_.get(), &system_properties_);
+        runner.Initialize(args->output_oat,
+                          args->output_vdex,
+                          args->output_image,
+                          args->input_dex,
+                          args->input_vdex,
+                          args->dex_metadata,
+                          args->profile,
+                          args->class_loader_context,
+                          args->class_loader_context_fds,
+                          args->swap_fd,
+                          args->instruction_set,
+                          args->compiler_filter,
+                          args->debuggable,
+                          args->post_bootcomplete,
+                          args->for_restore,
+                          args->target_sdk_version,
+                          args->enable_hidden_api_checks,
+                          args->generate_compact_dex,
+                          args->use_jitzygote_image,
+                          args->compilation_reason);
+        runner.Exec(/*exit_code=*/ 0);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<FakeExecVHelper> execv_helper_;
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> default_expected_flags_;
+    FakeSystemProperties system_properties_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, BasicInputOutput) {
+    auto execv_helper = std::make_unique<FakeExecVHelper>();
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, WithAllOtherInputFds) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->output_image.reset(IMAGE_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+    args->profile.reset(PROFILE_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+    args->swap_fd = SWAP_FD;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--app-image-fd", "=" + std::to_string(IMAGE_FD));
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--profile-file-fd", "=" + std::to_string(PROFILE_FD));
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--swap-fd", "=" + std::to_string(SWAP_FD));
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, WithClassLoaderContext) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->class_loader_context = "CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT";
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context", "=CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context-fds", FLAG_UNUSED);
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, WithClassLoaderContextAndFds) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->class_loader_context = "CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT";
+    args->class_loader_context_fds = "CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT_FDS";
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context", "=CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context-fds", "=CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT_FDS");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, WithOnlyClassLoaderContextFds) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->class_loader_context_fds = "CLASS_LOADER_CONTEXT_FDS";
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context", FLAG_UNUSED);
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--class-loader-context-fds", FLAG_UNUSED);
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, getenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, setenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH", "foobar", /*override=*/ false))
+        << "Failed to setenv: " << strerror(errno);
+
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xbootclasspath", ":foobar");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, unsetenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH"))
+        << "Failed to setenv: " << strerror(errno);
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, UpdatableBootClassPath) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-updatable-bcp-packages-file", "/path/to/file");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--updatable-bcp-packages-file", "=/path/to/file");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, DoNotGenerateCompactDex) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->generate_compact_dex = false;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--compact-dex-level", "=none");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, DoNotGenerateCompactDexWithVdexInPlaceUpdate) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->generate_compact_dex = true;
+    args->input_vdex.reset(INPUT_VDEX_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+    args->output_vdex.reset(INPUT_VDEX_FD, "UNUSED_PATH");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--compact-dex-level", "=none");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--output-vdex-fd", "=" + std::to_string(INPUT_VDEX_FD));
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ISA) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.isa.x86.features", "a-x86-feature");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.isa.x86.variant", "a-x86-variant");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->instruction_set = "x86";
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--instruction-set", "=x86");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--instruction-set-features", "=a-x86-feature");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--instruction-set-variant", "=a-x86-variant");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, CpuSetPreBootComplete) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-cpu-set", "1,2");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = false;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--cpu-set", "=1,2");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, CpuSetPostBootCompleteNotForRestore) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", "1,2");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = false;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--cpu-set", "=1,2");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, CpuSetPostBootCompleteForRestore) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-cpu-set", "1,2");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", "2,3");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--cpu-set", "=1,2");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, CpuSetPostBootCompleteForRestore_Backup) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-cpu-set", "");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", "1,2");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--cpu-set", "=1,2");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, Runtime) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", "1234m");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", "5678m");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->target_sdk_version = 30;
+    args->enable_hidden_api_checks = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xms", "1234m");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xmx", "5678m");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xtarget-sdk-version", ":30");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xhidden-api-policy", ":enabled");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xnorelocate", FLAG_UNUSED);
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, SkipRelocationInMinFramework) {
+    setSystemProperty("vold.decrypt", "trigger_restart_min_framework");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--compiler-filter", "=extract");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xnorelocate", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, SkipRelocationIfDecryptedWithFullDiskEncryption) {
+    setSystemProperty("vold.decrypt", "1");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--compiler-filter", "=extract");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xnorelocate", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, DalvikVmDex2oatFilter) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", "speed");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->compiler_filter = nullptr;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--compiler-filter", "=speed");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ResolveStartupStartings) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-resolve-startup-strings", "false");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--resolve-startup-const-strings", "=false");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ResolveStartupStartingsOverride) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-resolve-startup-strings", "false");
+    setSystemProperty("persist.device_config.runtime.dex2oat_resolve_startup_strings", "true");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--resolve-startup-const-strings", "=true");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ThreadsPreBootComplete) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-threads", "2");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = false;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-j", "2");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ThreadsPostBootCompleteNotForRestore) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", "3");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = false;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-j", "3");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ThreadsPostBootCompleteForRestore) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-threads", "4");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", "5");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-j", "4");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ThreadsPostBootCompleteForRestore_Backup) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-threads", "");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", "5");
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->post_bootcomplete = true;
+    args->for_restore = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-j", "5");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, Debuggable) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->debuggable = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--debuggable", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, AlwaysDebuggable) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.always_debuggable", "1");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--debuggable", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, GenerateDebugInfo) {
+    setSystemProperty("debug.generate-debug-info", "true");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--generate-debug-info", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, HiddenApiCheck) {
+    auto args = RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs();
+    args->enable_hidden_api_checks = true;
+    CallRunDex2Oat(std::move(args));
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("-Xhidden-api-policy", ":enabled");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, Misc) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-max-image-block-size", "524288");
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-very-large", "100000");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--max-image-block-size", "=524288");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--very-large-app-threshold", "=100000");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+TEST_F(RunDex2OatTest, ExtraFlags) {
+    setSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", "--foo=123 --bar:456 --baz");
+    CallRunDex2Oat(RunDex2OatArgs::MakeDefaultTestArgs());
+
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--foo", "=123");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--bar", ":456");
+    SetExpectedFlagUsed("--baz", "");
+    VerifyExpectedFlags();
+}
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.xml b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2467fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/run_dex2oat_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Unittest of run_dex2oat">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <option name="null-device" value="true" />
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.HostGTest" >
+        <option name="module-name" value="run_dex2oat_test" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_cache_test.cpp b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_cache_test.cpp
index 5a5cb53..863cdfe 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_cache_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_cache_test.cpp
@@ -114,15 +114,14 @@
 class CacheTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
     InstalldNativeService* service;
-    std::unique_ptr<std::string> testUuid;
+    std::optional<std::string> testUuid;
 
     virtual void SetUp() {
         setenv("ANDROID_LOG_TAGS", "*:v", 1);
         android::base::InitLogging(nullptr);
 
         service = new InstalldNativeService();
-        testUuid = std::make_unique<std::string>();
-        *testUuid = std::string(kTestUuid);
+        testUuid = kTestUuid;
         system("mkdir -p /data/local/tmp/user/0");
     }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
index 16e4055..fbf1e0c 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
     const uid_t kTestAppGid = multiuser_get_shared_gid(kTestUserId, kTestAppId);
 
     InstalldNativeService* service_;
-    std::unique_ptr<std::string> volume_uuid_;
+    std::optional<std::string> volume_uuid_;
     std::string package_name_;
     std::string apk_path_;
     std::string empty_dm_file_;
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(init_selinux());
         service_ = new InstalldNativeService();
 
-        volume_uuid_ = nullptr;
+        volume_uuid_ = std::nullopt;
         package_name_ = "com.installd.test.dexopt";
         se_info_ = "default";
         app_apk_dir_ = android_app_dir + package_name_;
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@
         }
 
         // Create a secondary dex file on CE storage
-        const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid_ == nullptr ? nullptr : volume_uuid_->c_str();
+        const char* volume_uuid_cstr = volume_uuid_ ? volume_uuid_->c_str() : nullptr;
         app_private_dir_ce_ = create_data_user_ce_package_path(
                 volume_uuid_cstr, kTestUserId, package_name_.c_str());
         secondary_dex_ce_ = app_private_dir_ce_ + "/secondary_ce.jar";
@@ -353,36 +353,32 @@
         if (class_loader_context == nullptr) {
             class_loader_context = "&";
         }
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> package_name_ptr(new std::string(package_name_));
         int32_t dexopt_needed = 0;  // does not matter;
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> out_path = nullptr;  // does not matter
+        std::optional<std::string> out_path; // does not matter
         int32_t dex_flags = DEXOPT_SECONDARY_DEX | dex_storage_flag;
         std::string compiler_filter = "speed-profile";
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> class_loader_context_ptr(
-                new std::string(class_loader_context));
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> se_info_ptr(new std::string(se_info_));
         bool downgrade = false;
         int32_t target_sdk_version = 0;  // default
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> profile_name_ptr = nullptr;
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> dm_path_ptr = nullptr;
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> compilation_reason_ptr = nullptr;
+        std::optional<std::string> profile_name;
+        std::optional<std::string> dm_path;
+        std::optional<std::string> compilation_reason;
 
         binder::Status result = service_->dexopt(path,
                                                  uid,
-                                                 package_name_ptr,
+                                                 package_name_,
                                                  kRuntimeIsa,
                                                  dexopt_needed,
                                                  out_path,
                                                  dex_flags,
                                                  compiler_filter,
                                                  volume_uuid_,
-                                                 class_loader_context_ptr,
-                                                 se_info_ptr,
+                                                 class_loader_context,
+                                                 se_info_,
                                                  downgrade,
                                                  target_sdk_version,
-                                                 profile_name_ptr,
-                                                 dm_path_ptr,
-                                                 compilation_reason_ptr);
+                                                 profile_name,
+                                                 dm_path,
+                                                 compilation_reason);
         ASSERT_EQ(should_binder_call_succeed, result.isOk()) << result.toString8().c_str();
         int expected_access = should_dex_be_compiled ? 0 : -1;
         std::string odex = GetSecondaryDexArtifact(path, "odex");
@@ -481,41 +477,35 @@
                            bool downgrade,
                            bool should_binder_call_succeed,
                            /*out */ binder::Status* binder_result) {
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> package_name_ptr(new std::string(package_name_));
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> out_path(
-                oat_dir == nullptr ? nullptr : new std::string(oat_dir));
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> class_loader_context_ptr(new std::string("&"));
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> se_info_ptr(new std::string(se_info_));
+        std::optional<std::string> out_path = oat_dir ? std::make_optional<std::string>(oat_dir) : std::nullopt;
+        std::string class_loader_context = "&";
         int32_t target_sdk_version = 0;  // default
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> profile_name_ptr(new std::string("primary.prof"));
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> dm_path_ptr = nullptr;
-        if (dm_path != nullptr) {
-            dm_path_ptr.reset(new std::string(dm_path));
-        }
-        std::unique_ptr<std::string> compilation_reason_ptr(new std::string("test-reason"));
+        std::string profile_name = "primary.prof";
+        std::optional<std::string> dm_path_opt = dm_path ? std::make_optional<std::string>(dm_path) : std::nullopt;
+        std::string compilation_reason = "test-reason";
 
         bool prof_result;
         ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service_->prepareAppProfile(
-                package_name_, kTestUserId, kTestAppId, *profile_name_ptr, apk_path_,
-                dm_path_ptr, &prof_result));
+                package_name_, kTestUserId, kTestAppId, profile_name, apk_path_,
+                dm_path_opt, &prof_result));
         ASSERT_TRUE(prof_result);
 
         binder::Status result = service_->dexopt(apk_path_,
                                                  uid,
-                                                 package_name_ptr,
+                                                 package_name_,
                                                  kRuntimeIsa,
                                                  dexopt_needed,
                                                  out_path,
                                                  dex_flags,
                                                  compiler_filter,
                                                  volume_uuid_,
-                                                 class_loader_context_ptr,
-                                                 se_info_ptr,
+                                                 class_loader_context,
+                                                 se_info_,
                                                  downgrade,
                                                  target_sdk_version,
-                                                 profile_name_ptr,
-                                                 dm_path_ptr,
-                                                 compilation_reason_ptr);
+                                                 profile_name,
+                                                 dm_path_opt,
+                                                 compilation_reason);
         ASSERT_EQ(should_binder_call_succeed, result.isOk()) << result.toString8().c_str();
 
         if (!should_binder_call_succeed) {
@@ -673,7 +663,7 @@
                           &status);
     EXPECT_STREQ(status.toString8().c_str(),
                  "Status(-8, EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC): \'256: Dex2oat invocation for "
-                 "/data/app/com.installd.test.dexopt/base.jar failed: unspecified dex2oat error'");
+                 "/data/app/com.installd.test.dexopt/base.jar failed: dex2oat error'");
 }
 
 TEST_F(DexoptTest, DexoptPrimaryProfileNonPublic) {
@@ -992,7 +982,7 @@
         bool result;
         ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service_->prepareAppProfile(
                 package_name, kTestUserId, kTestAppId, profile_name, apk_path_,
-                /*dex_metadata*/ nullptr, &result));
+                /*dex_metadata*/ {}, &result));
         ASSERT_EQ(expected_result, result);
 
         if (!expected_result) {
diff --git a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_service_test.cpp b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_service_test.cpp
index 0fb62ae..1e7559d 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_service_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_service_test.cpp
@@ -99,15 +99,14 @@
 class ServiceTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
     InstalldNativeService* service;
-    std::unique_ptr<std::string> testUuid;
+    std::optional<std::string> testUuid;
 
     virtual void SetUp() {
         setenv("ANDROID_LOG_TAGS", "*:v", 1);
         android::base::InitLogging(nullptr);
 
         service = new InstalldNativeService();
-        testUuid = std::make_unique<std::string>();
-        *testUuid = std::string(kTestUuid);
+        testUuid = kTestUuid;
         system("mkdir -p /data/local/tmp/user/0");
 
         init_globals_from_data_and_root();
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@
 
   // Request a snapshot of the CE content but not the DE content.
   int64_t ce_snapshot_inode;
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 37, FLAG_STORAGE_CE, &ce_snapshot_inode));
   struct stat buf;
   memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
   // Request a snapshot of the DE content but not the CE content.
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 37, FLAG_STORAGE_DE, &ce_snapshot_inode));
   // Only DE content snapshot was requested.
   ASSERT_EQ(ce_snapshot_inode, 0);
@@ -365,7 +364,7 @@
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
   // Request a snapshot of both the CE as well as the DE content.
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 37, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE, nullptr));
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::ReadFileToString(
@@ -407,10 +406,10 @@
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
   // Request snapshot for the package com.foo.
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 67, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE, nullptr));
   // Now request snapshot with the same id for the package com.bar
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.bar", 0, 67, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE, nullptr));
 
   // Check that both snapshots have correct data in them.
@@ -439,9 +438,9 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(0, delete_dir_contents_and_dir(fake_package_de_path, true));
 
   int64_t ce_snapshot_inode;
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 73, FLAG_STORAGE_CE, &ce_snapshot_inode));
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 73, FLAG_STORAGE_DE, nullptr));
   // No CE content snapshot was performed.
   ASSERT_EQ(ce_snapshot_inode, 0);
@@ -476,7 +475,7 @@
           "TEST_CONTENT_2_DE", fake_package_de_path + "/file2",
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 13, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE, nullptr));
 
   // Previous snapshot (with data for file1) must be cleared.
@@ -497,7 +496,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_ce_dir, 0700));
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_de_dir, 0700));
 
-  EXPECT_BINDER_FAIL(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("FOO"),
+  EXPECT_BINDER_FAIL(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("FOO"),
           "com.foo", 0, 17, FLAG_STORAGE_DE, nullptr));
 }
 
@@ -524,7 +523,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteStringToFile(
           "TEST_CONTENT_DE", fake_package_de_code_cache_path + "/file1",
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 23, FLAG_STORAGE_CE | FLAG_STORAGE_DE, nullptr));
   // The snapshot call must clear cache.
   struct stat sb;
@@ -558,7 +557,7 @@
           "TEST_CONTENT_DE", fake_package_de_path + "/file1",
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
-  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->restoreAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_BINDER_SUCCESS(service->restoreAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 10000, "", 0, 239, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE));
 
   std::string ce_content, de_content;
@@ -584,7 +583,7 @@
 
   int64_t ce_snapshot_inode;
   // Request a snapshot of both the CE as well as the DE content.
-  ASSERT_TRUE(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_TRUE(service->snapshotAppData(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 57, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE, &ce_snapshot_inode).isOk());
   // Because CE data snapshot was requested, ce_snapshot_inode can't be null.
   ASSERT_NE(0, ce_snapshot_inode);
@@ -594,7 +593,7 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(0, stat((rollback_de_dir + "/com.foo").c_str(), &sb));
 
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, ce_snapshot_inode, 57, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE).isOk());
   // Check snapshot is deleted.
   ASSERT_EQ(-1, stat((rollback_ce_dir + "/com.foo").c_str(), &sb));
@@ -615,7 +614,7 @@
           "DE_RESTORE_CONTENT", rollback_de_dir + "/com.foo/file1",
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 0, 1543, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE).isOk());
 
   // Check snapshot is deleted.
@@ -624,7 +623,7 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(-1, stat((rollback_de_dir + "/com.foo").c_str(), &sb));
 
   // Check that deleting already deleted snapshot is no-op.
-  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"),
+  ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"),
           "com.foo", 0, 0, 1543, FLAG_STORAGE_DE | FLAG_STORAGE_CE).isOk());
 }
 
@@ -637,7 +636,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_ce_dir, 0700));
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_de_dir, 0700));
 
-  ASSERT_FALSE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("BAR"),
+  ASSERT_FALSE(service->destroyAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("BAR"),
           "com.foo", 0, 0, 43, FLAG_STORAGE_DE).isOk());
 }
 
@@ -669,7 +668,7 @@
           0700, 10000, 20000, false /* follow_symlinks */));
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(service->destroyCeSnapshotsNotSpecified(
-          std::make_unique<std::string>("TEST"), 0, { 1543, 77 }).isOk());
+          std::make_optional<std::string>("TEST"), 0, { 1543, 77 }).isOk());
 
   // Check only snapshots not specified are deleted.
   struct stat sb;
@@ -690,7 +689,7 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_ce_dir, 0700));
   ASSERT_TRUE(mkdirs(rollback_de_dir, 0700));
 
-  EXPECT_BINDER_FAIL(service->restoreAppDataSnapshot(std::make_unique<std::string>("BAR"),
+  EXPECT_BINDER_FAIL(service->restoreAppDataSnapshot(std::make_optional<std::string>("BAR"),
           "com.foo", 10000, "", 0, 41, FLAG_STORAGE_DE));
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/unique_file.cpp b/cmds/installd/unique_file.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e99ce1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/unique_file.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "unique_file.h"
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+UniqueFile::UniqueFile() : UniqueFile(-1, "") {}
+
+UniqueFile::UniqueFile(int value, std::string path) : UniqueFile(value, path, nullptr) {}
+
+UniqueFile::UniqueFile(int value, std::string path, CleanUpFunction cleanup)
+        : value_(value), path_(path), cleanup_(cleanup), do_cleanup_(true), auto_close_(true) {}
+
+UniqueFile::UniqueFile(UniqueFile&& other) {
+    *this = std::move(other);
+}
+
+UniqueFile::~UniqueFile() {
+    reset();
+}
+
+UniqueFile& UniqueFile::operator=(UniqueFile&& other) {
+    value_ = other.value_;
+    path_ = other.path_;
+    cleanup_ = other.cleanup_;
+    do_cleanup_ = other.do_cleanup_;
+    auto_close_ = other.auto_close_;
+    other.release();
+    return *this;
+}
+
+void UniqueFile::reset() {
+    reset(-1, "");
+}
+
+void UniqueFile::reset(int new_value, std::string path, CleanUpFunction new_cleanup) {
+    if (auto_close_ && value_ >= 0) {
+        if (close(value_) < 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to close fd " << value_ << ", with path " << path;
+        }
+    }
+    if (do_cleanup_ && cleanup_ != nullptr) {
+        cleanup_(path_);
+    }
+
+    value_ = new_value;
+    path_ = path;
+    cleanup_ = new_cleanup;
+}
+
+void UniqueFile::release() {
+    value_ = -1;
+    path_ = "";
+    do_cleanup_ = false;
+    cleanup_ = nullptr;
+}
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/installd/unique_file.h b/cmds/installd/unique_file.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e85e23b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/installd/unique_file.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_INSTALLD_UNIQUE_FILE_H
+#define ANDROID_INSTALLD_UNIQUE_FILE_H
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace installd {
+
+// A file management helper that serves two purposes:
+//
+// 1. Closes the file description on destruction, similar unique_fd.
+// 2. Runs a cleanup function on after close, if not cancelled.
+//
+// The class does not assume the relationship between the given fd and file path.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//   UniqueFile file(open(...),
+//                           filepath,
+//                           [](const std::string& path) {
+//                               unlink(path.c_str());
+//                           });
+//   if (file.fd() == -1) {
+//       // Error opening...
+//   }
+//
+//   ...
+//   if (error) {
+//       // At this point, when the UniqueFile is destructed, the cleanup function will run
+//       // (e.g. to delete the file) after the fd is closed.
+//       return -1;
+//   }
+//
+//   (Success case)
+//   file.DisableCleanup();
+//   // At this point, when the UniqueFile is destructed, the cleanup function will not run
+//   // (e.g. leaving the file around) after the fd is closed.
+//
+class UniqueFile {
+ private:
+    using CleanUpFunction = std::function<void (const std::string&)>;
+
+ public:
+    UniqueFile();
+    UniqueFile(int value, std::string path);
+    UniqueFile(int value, std::string path, CleanUpFunction cleanup);
+    UniqueFile(UniqueFile&& other);
+    ~UniqueFile();
+
+    UniqueFile& operator=(UniqueFile&& other);
+
+    int fd() const {
+        return value_;
+    }
+
+    const std::string& path() const {
+      return path_;
+    }
+
+    void DisableAutoClose() {
+        auto_close_ = false;
+    }
+
+    void DisableCleanup() {
+        do_cleanup_ = false;
+    }
+
+    void reset();
+    void reset(int new_value, std::string path, CleanUpFunction new_cleanup = nullptr);
+
+ private:
+    void release();
+
+    int value_;
+    std::string path_;
+    CleanUpFunction cleanup_;
+    bool do_cleanup_;
+    bool auto_close_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace installd
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_INSTALLD_UNIQUE_FILE_H
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Android.bp b/cmds/lshal/Android.bp
index 5afae4b..987adaf 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Android.bp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
     defaults: ["lshal_defaults"],
     gtest: true,
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.tests.baz@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0",
         "libgmock",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.cpp b/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.cpp
index af22ac9..72958bd 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     // Optargs cannnot be used because the flag should not be considered set
     // if it should really be contained in mOptions.
     if (std::string(arg.argv[optind]) == "-E") {
-        mExcludesParentInstances = true;
+        mParentDebugInfoLevel = ParentDebugInfoLevel::NOTHING;
         optind++;
     }
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 
     return mLshal.emitDebugInfo(
             pair.first, pair.second.empty() ? "default" : pair.second, mOptions,
-            mExcludesParentInstances,
+            mParentDebugInfoLevel,
             mLshal.out().buf(),
             mLshal.err());
 }
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.h b/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.h
index cd57e31..317cc28 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/DebugCommand.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 
 #include "Command.h"
+#include "ParentDebugInfoLevel.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -42,9 +43,8 @@
     std::string mInterfaceName;
     std::vector<std::string> mOptions;
 
-    // Outputs the actual descriptor of a hal instead of the debug output
-    // if the arguments provided are a superclass of the actual hal impl.
-    bool mExcludesParentInstances;
+    // See comment on ParentDebugInfoLevel.
+    ParentDebugInfoLevel mParentDebugInfoLevel = ParentDebugInfoLevel::FULL;
 
     DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DebugCommand);
 };
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
index fb11cee..92958d9 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
                 std::stringstream ss;
                 auto pair = splitFirst(iName, '/');
                 mLshal.emitDebugInfo(pair.first, pair.second, {},
-                                     false /* excludesParentInstances */, ss,
+                                     ParentDebugInfoLevel::FQNAME_ONLY, ss,
                                      NullableOStream<std::ostream>(nullptr));
                 return ss.str();
             };
@@ -916,6 +916,18 @@
     }
 }
 
+// Get all values of enum type T, assuming the first value is 0 and the last value is T::LAST.
+// T::LAST is not included in the returned list.
+template <typename T>
+std::vector<T> GetAllValues() {
+    using BaseType = std::underlying_type_t<T>;
+    std::vector<T> ret;
+    for (BaseType i = 0; i < static_cast<BaseType>(T::LAST); ++i) {
+        ret.push_back(static_cast<T>(i));
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
 void ListCommand::registerAllOptions() {
     int v = mOptions.size();
     // A list of acceptable command line options
@@ -989,6 +1001,15 @@
        "    - declared: only declared in VINTF manifest but is not registered to hwservicemanager;\n"
        "    - N/A: no information for passthrough HALs."});
 
+    mOptions.push_back({'A', "all", no_argument, v++,
+                        [](ListCommand* thiz, const char*) {
+                            auto allColumns = GetAllValues<TableColumnType>();
+                            thiz->mSelectedColumns.insert(thiz->mSelectedColumns.end(),
+                                                          allColumns.begin(), allColumns.end());
+                            return OK;
+                        },
+                        "print all columns"});
+
     // long options without short alternatives
     mOptions.push_back({'\0', "init-vintf", no_argument, v++, [](ListCommand* thiz, const char* arg) {
         thiz->mVintf = true;
@@ -1019,46 +1040,55 @@
         thiz->mNeat = true;
         return OK;
     }, "output is machine parsable (no explanatory text).\nCannot be used with --debug."});
-    mOptions.push_back({'\0', "types", required_argument, v++, [](ListCommand* thiz, const char* arg) {
-        if (!arg) { return USAGE; }
+    mOptions.push_back(
+            {'\0', "types", required_argument, v++,
+             [](ListCommand* thiz, const char* arg) {
+                 if (!arg) {
+                     return USAGE;
+                 }
 
-        static const std::map<std::string, HalType> kHalTypeMap {
-            {"binderized", HalType::BINDERIZED_SERVICES},
-            {"b", HalType::BINDERIZED_SERVICES},
-            {"passthrough_clients", HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS},
-            {"c", HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS},
-            {"passthrough_libs", HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES},
-            {"l", HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES},
-            {"vintf", HalType::VINTF_MANIFEST},
-            {"v", HalType::VINTF_MANIFEST},
-            {"lazy", HalType::LAZY_HALS},
-            {"z", HalType::LAZY_HALS},
-        };
+                 static const std::map<std::string, std::vector<HalType>> kHalTypeMap{
+                         {"binderized", {HalType::BINDERIZED_SERVICES}},
+                         {"b", {HalType::BINDERIZED_SERVICES}},
+                         {"passthrough_clients", {HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS}},
+                         {"c", {HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS}},
+                         {"passthrough_libs", {HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES}},
+                         {"l", {HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES}},
+                         {"vintf", {HalType::VINTF_MANIFEST}},
+                         {"v", {HalType::VINTF_MANIFEST}},
+                         {"lazy", {HalType::LAZY_HALS}},
+                         {"z", {HalType::LAZY_HALS}},
+                         {"all", GetAllValues<HalType>()},
+                         {"a", GetAllValues<HalType>()},
+                 };
 
-        std::vector<std::string> halTypesArgs = split(std::string(arg), ',');
-        for (const auto& halTypeArg : halTypesArgs) {
-            if (halTypeArg.empty()) continue;
+                 std::vector<std::string> halTypesArgs = split(std::string(arg), ',');
+                 for (const auto& halTypeArg : halTypesArgs) {
+                     if (halTypeArg.empty()) continue;
 
-            const auto& halTypeIter = kHalTypeMap.find(halTypeArg);
-            if (halTypeIter == kHalTypeMap.end()) {
+                     const auto& halTypeIter = kHalTypeMap.find(halTypeArg);
+                     if (halTypeIter == kHalTypeMap.end()) {
+                         thiz->err() << "Unrecognized HAL type: " << halTypeArg << std::endl;
+                         return USAGE;
+                     }
 
-                thiz->err() << "Unrecognized HAL type: " << halTypeArg << std::endl;
-                return USAGE;
-            }
+                     // Append unique (non-repeated) HAL types to the reporting list
+                     for (auto halType : halTypeIter->second) {
+                         if (std::find(thiz->mListTypes.begin(), thiz->mListTypes.end(), halType) ==
+                             thiz->mListTypes.end()) {
+                             thiz->mListTypes.push_back(halType);
+                         }
+                     }
+                 }
 
-            // Append unique (non-repeated) HAL types to the reporting list
-            HalType halType = halTypeIter->second;
-            if (std::find(thiz->mListTypes.begin(), thiz->mListTypes.end(), halType) ==
-                thiz->mListTypes.end()) {
-                thiz->mListTypes.push_back(halType);
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (thiz->mListTypes.empty()) { return USAGE; }
-        return OK;
-    }, "comma-separated list of one or more sections.\nThe output is restricted to the selected "
-       "section(s). Valid options\nare: (b|binderized), (c|passthrough_clients), (l|"
-       "passthrough_libs), (v|vintf), and (z|lazy).\nDefault is `bcl`."});
+                 if (thiz->mListTypes.empty()) {
+                     return USAGE;
+                 }
+                 return OK;
+             },
+             "comma-separated list of one or more sections.\nThe output is restricted to the "
+             "selected section(s). Valid options\nare: (b|binderized), (c|passthrough_clients), (l|"
+             "passthrough_libs), (v|vintf), (z|lazy), and (a|all).\nDefault is `b,c,l`."});
 }
 
 // Create 'longopts' argument to getopt_long. Caller is responsible for maintaining
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.h b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.h
index acc0dcf..412aadd 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.h
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@
     PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES,
     VINTF_MANIFEST,
     LAZY_HALS,
+
+    // Not a real HalType. Used to determine all HalTypes.
+    LAST,
 };
 
 class ListCommand : public Command {
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
index 132b31e..2c3efe5 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
         const std::string &interfaceName,
         const std::string &instanceName,
         const std::vector<std::string> &options,
-        bool excludesParentInstances,
+        ParentDebugInfoLevel parentDebugInfoLevel,
         std::ostream &out,
         NullableOStream<std::ostream> err) const {
     using android::hidl::base::V1_0::IBase;
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
         return NO_INTERFACE;
     }
 
-    if (excludesParentInstances) {
+    if (parentDebugInfoLevel != ParentDebugInfoLevel::FULL) {
         const std::string descriptor = getDescriptor(base.get());
         if (descriptor.empty()) {
             std::string msg = interfaceName + "/" + instanceName + " getDescriptor failed";
@@ -134,6 +134,9 @@
             LOG(ERROR) << msg;
         }
         if (descriptor != interfaceName) {
+            if (parentDebugInfoLevel == ParentDebugInfoLevel::FQNAME_ONLY) {
+                out << "[See " << descriptor << "/" << instanceName << "]";
+            }
             return OK;
         }
     }
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
index 830bd87..50279d4 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include "Command.h"
 #include "NullableOStream.h"
+#include "ParentDebugInfoLevel.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@
             const std::string &interfaceName,
             const std::string &instanceName,
             const std::vector<std::string> &options,
-            bool excludesParentInstances,
+            ParentDebugInfoLevel parentDebugInfoLevel,
             std::ostream &out,
             NullableOStream<std::ostream> err) const;
 
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/ParentDebugInfoLevel.h b/cmds/lshal/ParentDebugInfoLevel.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12ac9c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmds/lshal/ParentDebugInfoLevel.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#pragma once
+
+namespace android {
+namespace lshal {
+
+// Describe verbosity when dumping debug information on a HAL service by
+// referring to a parent HAL interface FQName (for example, when dumping debug information
+// on foo@1.0::IFoo but the HAL implementation is foo@1.1::IFoo).
+enum class ParentDebugInfoLevel {
+    // Write nothing.
+    NOTHING,
+    // Write a short description that includes the FQName of the real implementation.
+    FQNAME_ONLY,
+    // Write full debug info.
+    FULL,
+};
+
+} // namespace lshal
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/TableEntry.h b/cmds/lshal/TableEntry.h
index 0ff0c96..3c36813 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/TableEntry.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/TableEntry.h
@@ -35,19 +35,25 @@
 using Pids = std::vector<int32_t>;
 
 enum class TableColumnType : unsigned int {
-    INTERFACE_NAME,
+    INTERFACE_NAME = 0,
     TRANSPORT,
     SERVER_PID,
-    SERVER_CMD,
     SERVER_ADDR,
-    CLIENT_PIDS,
-    CLIENT_CMDS,
     ARCH,
     THREADS,
     RELEASED,
     HASH,
     VINTF,
     SERVICE_STATUS,
+    CLIENT_PIDS,
+
+    // Not a real TableColumnType. Used to determine all TableColumnTypes.
+    LAST,
+
+    // Not included in all TableColumnTypes because they replace *PID(S) when the
+    // --cmdline option is set.
+    SERVER_CMD,
+    CLIENT_CMDS,
 };
 
 enum : unsigned int {
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/test.cpp b/cmds/lshal/test.cpp
index 3d550ba..9964888 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/test.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
-#include <android/hardware/tests/baz/1.0/IQuux.h>
+#include <android/hardware/tests/inheritance/1.0/IChild.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
 #include <vintf/parse_xml.h>
 
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_handle;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using android::vintf::Arch;
 using android::vintf::CompatibilityMatrix;
 using android::vintf::gCompatibilityMatrixConverter;
@@ -59,10 +60,14 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace tests {
-namespace baz {
+namespace inheritance {
 namespace V1_0 {
 namespace implementation {
-struct Quux : android::hardware::tests::baz::V1_0::IQuux {
+struct Child : android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IChild {
+    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doChild() override { return Void(); }
+    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doParent() override { return Void(); }
+    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doGrandparent() override { return Void(); }
+
     ::android::hardware::Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& hh, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override {
         const native_handle_t *handle = hh.getNativeHandle();
         if (handle->numFds < 1) {
@@ -76,7 +81,7 @@
         }
         ssize_t written = write(fd, content.c_str(), content.size());
         if (written != (ssize_t)content.size()) {
-            LOG(WARNING) << "SERVER(Quux) debug writes " << written << " bytes < "
+            LOG(WARNING) << "SERVER(Child) debug writes " << written << " bytes < "
                     << content.size() << " bytes, errno = " << errno;
         }
         return Void();
@@ -85,7 +90,7 @@
 
 } // namespace implementation
 } // namespace V1_0
-} // namespace baz
+} // namespace inheritance
 } // namespace tests
 } // namespace hardware
 
@@ -124,18 +129,24 @@
 class DebugTest : public ::testing::Test {
 public:
     void SetUp() override {
-        using ::android::hardware::tests::baz::V1_0::IQuux;
-        using ::android::hardware::tests::baz::V1_0::implementation::Quux;
+        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IChild;
+        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IParent;
+        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IGrandparent;
+        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::implementation::Child;
 
         err.str("");
         out.str("");
         serviceManager = new testing::NiceMock<MockServiceManager>();
-        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
-            [](const auto &iface, const auto &inst) -> ::android::hardware::Return<sp<IBase>> {
-                if (iface == IQuux::descriptor && inst == "default")
-                    return new Quux();
-                return nullptr;
-            }));
+        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _))
+                .WillByDefault(
+                        Invoke([](const auto& iface,
+                                  const auto& inst) -> ::android::hardware::Return<sp<IBase>> {
+                            if (inst != "default") return nullptr;
+                            if (iface == IChild::descriptor || iface == IParent::descriptor ||
+                                iface == IGrandparent::descriptor)
+                                return new Child();
+                            return nullptr;
+                        }));
 
         lshal = std::make_unique<Lshal>(out, err, serviceManager, serviceManager);
     }
@@ -159,17 +170,17 @@
 
 TEST_F(DebugTest, Debug) {
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
-        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.baz@1.0::IQuux/default", "foo", "bar"
+        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild/default", "foo", "bar"
     }));
-    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.baz@1.0::IQuux\nfoo\nbar"));
+    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\nfoo\nbar"));
     EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
 }
 
 TEST_F(DebugTest, Debug2) {
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
-        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.baz@1.0::IQuux", "baz", "quux"
+        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild", "baz", "quux"
     }));
-    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.baz@1.0::IQuux\nbaz\nquux"));
+    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\nbaz\nquux"));
     EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
 }
 
@@ -180,6 +191,22 @@
     EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("does not exist"));
 }
 
+TEST_F(DebugTest, DebugParent) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
+        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IParent", "calling parent"
+    }));
+    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\ncalling parent"));
+    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(DebugTest, DebugParentExclude) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
+        "lshal", "debug", "-E", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IParent", "excluding"
+    }));
+    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), IsEmpty());
+    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
+}
+
 class MockLshal : public Lshal {
 public:
     MockLshal() {}
@@ -681,8 +708,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(ListTest, UnknownHalType) {
     optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
-    EXPECT_EQ(1u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=c,a"})));
-    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("Unrecognized HAL type: a"));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=c,r"})));
+    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("Unrecognized HAL type: r"));
 }
 
 TEST_F(ListTest, Vintf) {
@@ -766,6 +793,156 @@
     EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
 }
 
+TEST_F(ListTest, AllColumns) {
+    // clang-format off
+    const std::string expected =
+        "[fake description 0]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport Server PTR              Arch Thread Use R Hash                                                             VINTF Status Clients\n"
+        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  1      0000000000002711 64   11/21      N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 X     alive  2 4\n"
+        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  2      0000000000002712 64   12/22      Y 0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202 X     alive  3 5\n"
+        "\n"
+        "[fake description 1]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport   Server PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients\n"
+        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    4 6\n"
+        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    5 7\n"
+        "\n"
+        "[fake description 2]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport   Server PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients\n"
+        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    6 8\n"
+        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    7 9\n"
+        "\n";
+    // clang-format on
+
+    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--all"})));
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
+    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ListTest, AllColumnsWithCmd) {
+    // clang-format off
+    const std::string expected =
+        "[fake description 0]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport Server CMD     PTR              Arch Thread Use R Hash                                                             VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
+        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  command_line_1 0000000000002711 64   11/21      N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 X     alive  command_line_2;command_line_4\n"
+        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  command_line_2 0000000000002712 64   12/22      Y 0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202 X     alive  command_line_3;command_line_5\n"
+        "\n"
+        "[fake description 1]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport   Server CMD PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
+        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_4;command_line_6\n"
+        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_5;command_line_7\n"
+        "\n"
+        "[fake description 2]\n"
+        "Interface            Transport   Server CMD PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
+        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_6;command_line_8\n"
+        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_7;command_line_9\n"
+        "\n";
+    // clang-format on
+
+    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-Am"})));
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
+    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ListTest, AllSections) {
+    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=all"})));
+    using HalTypeBase = std::underlying_type_t<HalType>;
+    for (HalTypeBase i = 0; i < static_cast<HalTypeBase>(HalType::LAST); ++i) {
+        EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("[fake description " + std::to_string(i) + "]"));
+    }
+    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(),
+                Not(HasSubstr("[fake description " +
+                              std::to_string(static_cast<HalTypeBase>(HalType::LAST)) + "]")));
+    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
+}
+
+// Fake service returned by mocked IServiceManager::get for DumpDebug.
+// The interfaceChain and getHashChain functions returns
+// foo(id - 1) -> foo(id - 2) -> ... foo1 -> IBase.
+class InheritingService : public IBase {
+public:
+    explicit InheritingService(pid_t id) : mId(id) {}
+    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceDescriptor(interfaceDescriptor_cb cb) override {
+        cb(getInterfaceName(mId));
+        return hardware::Void();
+    }
+    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceChain(interfaceChain_cb cb) override {
+        std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
+        for (auto i = mId; i > 0; --i) {
+            ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(i));
+        }
+        ret.push_back(IBase::descriptor);
+        cb(ret);
+        return hardware::Void();
+    }
+    android::hardware::Return<void> getHashChain(getHashChain_cb cb) override {
+        std::vector<hidl_hash> ret;
+        for (auto i = mId; i > 0; --i) {
+            ret.push_back(getHashFromId(i));
+        }
+        ret.push_back(getHashFromId(0xff));
+        cb(ret);
+        return hardware::Void();
+    }
+    android::hardware::Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& hh,
+                                          const hidl_vec<hidl_string>&) override {
+        const native_handle_t* handle = hh.getNativeHandle();
+        if (handle->numFds < 1) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+        int fd = handle->data[0];
+        std::string content = "debug info for ";
+        content += getInterfaceName(mId);
+        ssize_t written = write(fd, content.c_str(), content.size());
+        if (written != (ssize_t)content.size()) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "SERVER(" << descriptor << ") debug writes " << written << " bytes < "
+                         << content.size() << " bytes, errno = " << errno;
+        }
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+private:
+    pid_t mId;
+};
+
+TEST_F(ListTest, DumpDebug) {
+    size_t inheritanceLevel = 3;
+    sp<IBase> service = new InheritingService(inheritanceLevel);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, list(_)).WillRepeatedly(Invoke([&](IServiceManager::list_cb cb) {
+        std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
+        for (auto i = 1; i <= inheritanceLevel; ++i) {
+            ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(i) + "/default");
+        }
+        cb(ret);
+        return hardware::Void();
+    }));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _))
+            .WillRepeatedly(
+                    Invoke([&](const hidl_string&, const hidl_string& instance) -> sp<IBase> {
+                        int id = getIdFromInstanceName(instance);
+                        if (id > inheritanceLevel) return nullptr;
+                        return sp<IBase>(service);
+                    }));
+
+    const std::string expected = "[fake description 0]\n"
+                                 "Interface\n"
+                                 "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/default\n"
+                                 "[See a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default]\n"
+                                 "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/default\n"
+                                 "[See a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default]\n"
+                                 "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default\n"
+                                 "debug info for a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo\n"
+                                 "\n";
+
+    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
+    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=b", "-id"})));
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
+    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
+}
+
 class ListVintfTest : public ListTest {
 public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/Android.bp b/cmds/servicemanager/Android.bp
index 7277e85..b139251 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/Android.bp
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
     cflags: [
         "-DVENDORSERVICEMANAGER=1",
     ],
+    required: [
+        "vndservice",
+    ],
     srcs: ["main.cpp"],
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp b/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
index 2618906..b1bc6dc 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
     }
 
     IPCThreadState::self()->setTheContextObject(manager);
-    ps->becomeContextManager(nullptr, nullptr);
+    ps->becomeContextManager();
 
     sp<Looper> looper = Looper::prepare(false /*allowNonCallbacks*/);
 
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/servicemanager.rc b/cmds/servicemanager/servicemanager.rc
index 152ac28..6d5070f 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/servicemanager.rc
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/servicemanager.rc
@@ -3,16 +3,11 @@
     user system
     group system readproc
     critical
-    onrestart restart healthd
-    onrestart restart zygote
+    onrestart restart apexd
     onrestart restart audioserver
-    onrestart restart media
-    onrestart restart surfaceflinger
-    onrestart restart inputflinger
-    onrestart restart drm
-    onrestart restart cameraserver
-    onrestart restart keystore
     onrestart restart gatekeeperd
-    onrestart restart thermalservice
+    onrestart class_restart main
+    onrestart class_restart hal
+    onrestart class_restart early_hal
     writepid /dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks
     shutdown critical
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/vndservicemanager.rc b/cmds/servicemanager/vndservicemanager.rc
index 3fa4d7d..756f6c3 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/vndservicemanager.rc
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/vndservicemanager.rc
@@ -3,4 +3,7 @@
     user system
     group system readproc
     writepid /dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks
+    onrestart class_restart main
+    onrestart class_restart hal
+    onrestart class_restart early_hal
     shutdown critical
diff --git a/docs/Doxyfile b/docs/Doxyfile
index efa639d..a1bd960 100644
--- a/docs/Doxyfile
+++ b/docs/Doxyfile
@@ -1621,7 +1621,23 @@
 # undefined via #undef or recursively expanded use the := operator
 # instead of the = operator.
 
-PREDEFINED             = __attribute__(x)=
+PREDEFINED             = \
+    "__ANDROID_API__=10000" \
+    "__BEGIN_DECLS=" \
+    "__END_DECLS=" \
+    "__INTRODUCED_IN(x)=" \
+    "__INTRODUCED_IN_32(x)=" \
+    "__INTRODUCED_IN_64(x)=" \
+    "__RENAME(x)=" \
+    "__RENAME_LDBL(x,y,z)=" \
+    "__printflike(x,y)=" \
+    "__attribute__(x)=" \
+    "__wur=" \
+    "__mallocfunc=" \
+    "__attribute_pure__=" \
+    "__attribute__(x)=" \
+    __ANDROID__ \
+    __BIONIC__ \
 
 # If the MACRO_EXPANSION and EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF tags are set to YES then
 # this tag can be used to specify a list of macro names that should be expanded.
diff --git a/headers/Android.bp b/headers/Android.bp
index 5337235..8f41c2b 100644
--- a/headers/Android.bp
+++ b/headers/Android.bp
@@ -18,4 +18,11 @@
         "libstagefright_foundation_headers",
     ],
     min_sdk_version: "29",
+
+    host_supported: true,
+    target: {
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
 }
diff --git a/headers/media_plugin/media/openmax/OMX_VideoExt.h b/headers/media_plugin/media/openmax/OMX_VideoExt.h
index dc37bbd..e65b224 100644
--- a/headers/media_plugin/media/openmax/OMX_VideoExt.h
+++ b/headers/media_plugin/media/openmax/OMX_VideoExt.h
@@ -321,6 +321,46 @@
     OMX_VIDEO_DolbyVisionLevelmax     = 0x7FFFFFFF
 } OMX_VIDEO_DOLBYVISIONLEVELTYPE;
 
+/** AV1 Profile enum type */
+typedef enum OMX_VIDEO_AV1PROFILETYPE {
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileMain8           = 0x00000001,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileMain10          = 0x00000002,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileMain10HDR10     = 0x00001000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileMain10HDR10Plus = 0x00002000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileUnknown         = 0x6EFFFFFF,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1ProfileMax             = 0x7FFFFFFF
+} OMX_VIDEO_AV1PROFILETYPE;
+
+/** AV1 Level enum type */
+typedef enum OMX_VIDEO_AV1LEVELTYPE {
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level2         = 0x1,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level21        = 0x2,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level22        = 0x4,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level23        = 0x8,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level3         = 0x10,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level31        = 0x20,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level32        = 0x40,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level33        = 0x80,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level4         = 0x100,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level41        = 0x200,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level42        = 0x400,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level43        = 0x800,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level5         = 0x1000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level51        = 0x2000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level52        = 0x4000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level53        = 0x8000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level6         = 0x10000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level61        = 0x20000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level62        = 0x40000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level63        = 0x80000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level7         = 0x100000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level71        = 0x200000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level72        = 0x400000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1Level73        = 0x800000,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1LevelUnknown   = 0x6EFFFFFF,
+    OMX_VIDEO_AV1LevelMax       = 0x7FFFFFFF
+} OMX_VIDEO_AV1LEVELTYPE;
+
 /**
  * Structure for configuring video compression intra refresh period
  *
diff --git a/include/android/bitmap.h b/include/android/bitmap.h
index 2631b14..f195399 100644
--- a/include/android/bitmap.h
+++ b/include/android/bitmap.h
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@
  * Note that {@link ADataSpace} only exposes a few values. This may return
  * {@link ADATASPACE_UNKNOWN}, even for Named ColorSpaces, if they have no
  * corresponding ADataSpace.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 int32_t AndroidBitmap_getDataSpace(JNIEnv* env, jobject jbitmap)  __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
@@ -189,6 +191,8 @@
 /**
  *  User-defined function for writing the output of compression.
  *
+ *  Available since API level 30.
+ *
  *  @param userContext Pointer to user-defined data passed to
  *         {@link AndroidBitmap_compress}.
  *  @param data Compressed data of |size| bytes to write.
@@ -202,6 +206,8 @@
 /**
  *  Compress |pixels| as described by |info|.
  *
+ *  Available since API level 30.
+ *
  *  @param info Description of the pixels to compress.
  *  @param dataspace {@link ADataSpace} describing the color space of the
  *                   pixels.
@@ -234,6 +240,8 @@
  *
  *  Client must not modify it while a Bitmap is wrapping it.
  *
+ *  Available since API level 30.
+ *
  *  @param bitmap Handle to an android.graphics.Bitmap.
  *  @param outBuffer On success, is set to a pointer to the
  *         {@link AHardwareBuffer} associated with bitmap. This acquires
diff --git a/include/android/choreographer.h b/include/android/choreographer.h
index c1c4a72..e9f559c 100644
--- a/include/android/choreographer.h
+++ b/include/android/choreographer.h
@@ -129,9 +129,19 @@
  *
  * This api is thread-safe. Any thread is allowed to register a new refresh
  * rate callback for the choreographer instance.
+ *
+ * Note that in API level 30, this api is not guaranteed to be atomic with
+ * DisplayManager. That is, calling Display#getRefreshRate very soon after
+ * a refresh rate callback is invoked may return a stale refresh rate. If any
+ * Display properties would be required by this callback, then it is recommended
+ * to listen directly to DisplayManager.DisplayListener#onDisplayChanged events
+ * instead.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 void AChoreographer_registerRefreshRateCallback(AChoreographer* choreographer,
-                                                AChoreographer_refreshRateCallback, void* data);
+                                                AChoreographer_refreshRateCallback, void* data)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Unregisters a callback to be run when the display refresh rate changes, along
@@ -144,9 +154,12 @@
  * callback and associated data pointer are unregistered, then there is a
  * guarantee that when the unregistration completes that that callback will not
  * be run with the data pointer passed.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 void AChoreographer_unregisterRefreshRateCallback(AChoreographer* choreographer,
-                                                  AChoreographer_refreshRateCallback, void* data);
+                                                  AChoreographer_refreshRateCallback, void* data)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 #endif /* __ANDROID_API__ >= 30 */
 
 __END_DECLS
diff --git a/include/android/configuration.h b/include/android/configuration.h
index 05f4340..ccf3e59 100644
--- a/include/android/configuration.h
+++ b/include/android/configuration.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_ORIENTATION_ANY  = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Orientation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">port</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">port</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_ORIENTATION_PORT = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Orientation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">land</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">land</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_ORIENTATION_LAND = 0x0002,
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_TOUCHSCREEN_ANY  = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Touchscreen: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">notouch</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">notouch</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_TOUCHSCREEN_NOTOUCH  = 0x0001,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_TOUCHSCREEN_STYLUS  = 0x0002,
     /**
      * Touchscreen: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">finger</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">finger</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_TOUCHSCREEN_FINGER  = 0x0003,
@@ -92,43 +92,43 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_DEFAULT = 0,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">ldpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">ldpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_LOW = 120,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">mdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">mdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_MEDIUM = 160,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">tvdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">tvdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_TV = 213,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">hdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">hdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_HIGH = 240,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xhdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xhdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_XHIGH = 320,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xxhdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xxhdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_XXHIGH = 480,
     /**
      * Density: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xxxhdpi</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">xxxhdpi</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_XXXHIGH = 640,
@@ -141,19 +141,19 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD_ANY  = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Keyboard: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">nokeys</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">nokeys</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD_NOKEYS  = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Keyboard: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">qwerty</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">qwerty</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD_QWERTY  = 0x0002,
     /**
      * Keyboard: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">12key</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">12key</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD_12KEY  = 0x0003,
@@ -162,25 +162,25 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION_ANY  = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Navigation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">nonav</a>
+     * <a href="@/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">nonav</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION_NONAV  = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Navigation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">dpad</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">dpad</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION_DPAD  = 0x0002,
     /**
      * Navigation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">trackball</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">trackball</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION_TRACKBALL  = 0x0003,
     /**
      * Navigation: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">wheel</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">wheel</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION_WHEEL  = 0x0004,
@@ -189,19 +189,19 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYSHIDDEN_ANY = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Keyboard availability: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keysexposed</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keysexposed</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYSHIDDEN_NO = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Keyboard availability: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyshidden</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyshidden</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYSHIDDEN_YES = 0x0002,
     /**
      * Keyboard availability: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyssoft</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyssoft</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYSHIDDEN_SOFT = 0x0003,
@@ -210,13 +210,13 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVHIDDEN_ANY = 0x0000,
     /**
      * Navigation availability: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavAvailQualifier">navexposed</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavAvailQualifier">navexposed</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVHIDDEN_NO = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Navigation availability: value corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavAvailQualifier">navhidden</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavAvailQualifier">navhidden</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVHIDDEN_YES = 0x0002,
@@ -226,28 +226,28 @@
     /**
      * Screen size: value indicating the screen is at least
      * approximately 320x426 dp units, corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">small</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">small</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENSIZE_SMALL = 0x01,
     /**
      * Screen size: value indicating the screen is at least
      * approximately 320x470 dp units, corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">normal</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">normal</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENSIZE_NORMAL = 0x02,
     /**
      * Screen size: value indicating the screen is at least
      * approximately 480x640 dp units, corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">large</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">large</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENSIZE_LARGE = 0x03,
     /**
      * Screen size: value indicating the screen is at least
      * approximately 720x960 dp units, corresponding to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">xlarge</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">xlarge</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENSIZE_XLARGE = 0x04,
@@ -256,13 +256,13 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENLONG_ANY = 0x00,
     /**
      * Screen layout: value that corresponds to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenAspectQualifier">notlong</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenAspectQualifier">notlong</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENLONG_NO = 0x1,
     /**
      * Screen layout: value that corresponds to the
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenAspectQualifier">long</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenAspectQualifier">long</a>
      * resource qualifier.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREENLONG_YES = 0x2,
@@ -275,13 +275,13 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_WIDE_COLOR_GAMUT_ANY = 0x00,
     /**
      * Wide color gamut: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">no
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">no
      * nowidecg</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_WIDE_COLOR_GAMUT_NO = 0x1,
     /**
      * Wide color gamut: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">
      * widecg</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_WIDE_COLOR_GAMUT_YES = 0x2,
@@ -290,13 +290,13 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_HDR_ANY = 0x00,
     /**
      * HDR: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">
      * lowdr</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_HDR_NO = 0x1,
     /**
      * HDR: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">
      * highdr</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_HDR_YES = 0x2,
@@ -305,38 +305,38 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_ANY = 0x00,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">no
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">no
      * UI mode type</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_NORMAL = 0x01,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">desk</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">desk</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_DESK = 0x02,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">car</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">car</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_CAR = 0x03,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">television</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">television</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_TELEVISION = 0x04,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">appliance</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">appliance</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_APPLIANCE = 0x05,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">watch</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">watch</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_WATCH = 0x06,
     /**
      * UI mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">vr</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">vr</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_TYPE_VR_HEADSET = 0x07,
 
@@ -344,12 +344,12 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_NIGHT_ANY = 0x00,
     /**
      * UI night mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NightQualifier">notnight</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NightQualifier">notnight</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO = 0x1,
     /**
      * UI night mode: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NightQualifier">night</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NightQualifier">night</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES = 0x2,
 
@@ -366,78 +366,78 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_LAYOUTDIR_ANY  = 0x00,
     /**
      * Layout direction: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">ldltr</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">ldltr</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_LAYOUTDIR_LTR  = 0x01,
     /**
      * Layout direction: value that corresponds to
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">ldrtl</a> resource qualifier specified.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">ldrtl</a> resource qualifier specified.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_LAYOUTDIR_RTL  = 0x02,
 
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#MccQualifier">mcc</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#MccQualifier">mcc</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_MCC = 0x0001,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#MccQualifier">mnc</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#MccQualifier">mnc</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_MNC = 0x0002,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LocaleQualifier">locale</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LocaleQualifier">locale</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_LOCALE = 0x0004,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">touchscreen</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#TouchscreenQualifier">touchscreen</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_TOUCHSCREEN = 0x0008,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">keyboard</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ImeQualifier">keyboard</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD = 0x0010,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyboardHidden</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#KeyboardAvailQualifier">keyboardHidden</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_KEYBOARD_HIDDEN = 0x0020,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">navigation</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#NavigationQualifier">navigation</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_NAVIGATION = 0x0040,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">orientation</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#OrientationQualifier">orientation</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_ORIENTATION = 0x0080,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">density</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#DensityQualifier">density</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY = 0x0100,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">screen size</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#ScreenSizeQualifier">screen size</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREEN_SIZE = 0x0200,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#VersionQualifier">platform version</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#VersionQualifier">platform version</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_VERSION = 0x0400,
@@ -447,27 +447,27 @@
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREEN_LAYOUT = 0x0800,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">ui mode</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#UiModeQualifier">ui mode</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_UI_MODE = 0x1000,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#SmallestScreenWidthQualifier">smallest screen width</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#SmallestScreenWidthQualifier">smallest screen width</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_SMALLEST_SCREEN_SIZE = 0x2000,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">layout direction</a>
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#LayoutDirectionQualifier">layout direction</a>
      * configuration.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_LAYOUTDIR = 0x4000,
     ACONFIGURATION_SCREEN_ROUND = 0x8000,
     /**
      * Bit mask for
-     * <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">wide color gamut</a>
-     * and <a href="@dacRoot/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">HDR</a> configurations.
+     * <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#WideColorGamutQualifier">wide color gamut</a>
+     * and <a href="/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html#HDRQualifier">HDR</a> configurations.
      */
     ACONFIGURATION_COLOR_MODE = 0x10000,
     /**
diff --git a/include/android/hardware_buffer_jni.h b/include/android/hardware_buffer_jni.h
index 293e5ac..ae208a6 100644
--- a/include/android/hardware_buffer_jni.h
+++ b/include/android/hardware_buffer_jni.h
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
  * Return the AHardwareBuffer wrapped by a Java HardwareBuffer object.
  *
  * This method does not acquire any additional reference to the AHardwareBuffer
- * that is returned. To keep the AHardwareBuffer live after the Java
- * HardwareBuffer object got garbage collected, be sure to use AHardwareBuffer_acquire()
- * to acquire an additional reference.
+ * that is returned. To keep the AHardwareBuffer alive after the Java
+ * HardwareBuffer object is closed, explicitly or by the garbage collector, be
+ * sure to use AHardwareBuffer_acquire() to acquire an additional reference.
  *
  * Available since API level 26.
  */
@@ -50,7 +50,18 @@
 
 /**
  * Return a new Java HardwareBuffer object that wraps the passed native
- * AHardwareBuffer object.
+ * AHardwareBuffer object. The Java HardwareBuffer will acquire a reference to
+ * the internal buffer and manage its lifetime. For example:
+ *
+ * <pre><code>
+ * AHardwareBuffer* buffer;
+ * AHardwareBuffer_allocate(..., &buffer);  // `buffer` has reference count 1
+ * jobject java_result = AHardwareBuffer_toHardwareBuffer(buffer);  // `buffer` has reference count 2.
+ * AHardwareBuffer_release(buffer); // `buffer` has reference count 1
+ * return result;  // The underlying buffer is kept alive by `java_result` and
+ *                 // will be set to 0 when it is closed on the Java side with
+ *                 // HardwareBuffer::close().
+ * </code></pre>
  *
  * Available since API level 26.
  */
diff --git a/include/android/imagedecoder.h b/include/android/imagedecoder.h
index 3a87da0..d7e6e41 100644
--- a/include/android/imagedecoder.h
+++ b/include/android/imagedecoder.h
@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@
 /**
  * Create a new {@link AImageDecoder} from an {@link AAsset}.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param asset {@link AAsset} containing encoded image data. Client is still
  *              responsible for calling {@link AAsset_close} on it, which may be
  *              done after deleting the returned {@link AImageDecoder}.
@@ -162,6 +164,8 @@
 /**
  * Create a new {@link AImageDecoder} from a file descriptor.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param fd Seekable, readable, open file descriptor for encoded data.
  *           Client is still responsible for closing it, which may be done
  *           after deleting the returned {@link AImageDecoder}.
@@ -190,6 +194,8 @@
 /**
  * Create a new AImageDecoder from a buffer.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param buffer Pointer to encoded data. Must be valid for the entire time
  *               the {@link AImageDecoder} is used.
  * @param length Byte length of buffer.
@@ -217,12 +223,16 @@
 
 /**
  * Delete the AImageDecoder.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 void AImageDecoder_delete(AImageDecoder* decoder) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Choose the desired output format.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param format {@link AndroidBitmapFormat} to use for the output.
  * @return {@link ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS} on success or a value
  *         indicating the reason for the failure. On failure, the
@@ -247,6 +257,8 @@
  * Pass true to this method to leave them unpremultiplied. This has no effect on an
  * opaque image.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param unpremultipliedRequired Pass true to leave the pixels unpremultiplied.
  * @return {@link ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS} on success or a value
  *         indicating the reason for the failure.
@@ -267,6 +279,8 @@
  * Ignored by {@link ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_A_8}, which does not support
  * an {@link ADataSpace}.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param dataspace The {@link ADataSpace} to decode into. An ADataSpace
  *                  specifies how to interpret the colors. By default,
  *                  AImageDecoder will decode into the ADataSpace specified by
@@ -292,6 +306,8 @@
  * specified by width and height, and the output image will be the size of the
  * crop rect.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param width Width of the output (prior to cropping).
  *              This will affect future calls to
  *              {@link AImageDecoder_getMinimumStride}, which will now return
@@ -319,6 +335,8 @@
  * others. This computes the most efficient target size to use to reach a
  * particular sampleSize.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param sampleSize A subsampling rate of the original image. Must be greater
  *                   than or equal to 1. A sampleSize of 2 means to skip every
  *                   other pixel/line, resulting in a width and height that are
@@ -344,6 +362,8 @@
  * the specified {@link ARect}. Clients will only need to allocate enough memory
  * for the cropped ARect.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param crop Rectangle describing a crop of the decode. It must be contained inside of
  *             the (possibly scaled, by {@link AImageDecoder_setTargetSize})
  *             image dimensions. This will affect future calls to
@@ -376,6 +396,8 @@
  *
  * This is owned by the {@link AImageDecoder} and will be destroyed when the
  * AImageDecoder is destroyed via {@link AImageDecoder_delete}.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo* AImageDecoder_getHeaderInfo(
         const AImageDecoder*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
@@ -385,6 +407,8 @@
  * pixel width of the output, unless {@link AImageDecoder_setTargetSize} is
  * used to choose a different size or {@link AImageDecoder_setCrop} is used to
  * set a crop rect.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 int32_t AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getWidth(const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
@@ -393,12 +417,16 @@
  * pixel height of the output, unless {@link AImageDecoder_setTargetSize} is
  * used to choose a different size or {@link AImageDecoder_setCrop} is used to
  * set a crop rect.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 int32_t AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getHeight(const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Report the mimeType of the encoded image.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @return a string literal describing the mime type.
  */
 const char* AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getMimeType(
@@ -409,6 +437,8 @@
  * by default. {@link AImageDecoder} will try to choose one that is sensible
  * for the image and the system. Note that this does not indicate the
  * encoded format of the image.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 int32_t AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getAndroidBitmapFormat(
         const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
@@ -419,6 +449,8 @@
  * {@link ANDROID_BITMAP_FLAGS_ALPHA_OPAQUE}. If the image may contain alpha,
  * this returns {@link ANDROID_BITMAP_FLAGS_ALPHA_PREMUL}, because
  * {@link AImageDecoder_decodeImage} will premultiply pixels by default.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 int AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getAlphaFlags(
         const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
@@ -429,6 +461,8 @@
  * By default, {@link AImageDecoder_decodeImage} will not do any color
  * conversion.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @return The {@link ADataSpace} representing the way the colors
  *         are encoded (or {@link ADATASPACE_UNKNOWN} if there is not a
  *         corresponding ADataSpace). This specifies how to interpret the colors
@@ -452,12 +486,16 @@
  *
  * If the output is scaled (via {@link AImageDecoder_setTargetSize}) and/or
  * cropped (via {@link AImageDecoder_setCrop}), this takes those into account.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 30.
  */
 size_t AImageDecoder_getMinimumStride(AImageDecoder*) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Decode the image into pixels, using the settings of the {@link AImageDecoder}.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param decoder Opaque object representing the decoder.
  * @param pixels On success, will be filled with the result
  *               of the decode. Must be large enough to hold |size| bytes.
diff --git a/include/android/sharedmem.h b/include/android/sharedmem.h
index 6efa4f7..5f74682 100644
--- a/include/android/sharedmem.h
+++ b/include/android/sharedmem.h
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@
  * another process. File descriptors may also be sent to other processes over a Unix domain
  * socket with sendmsg and SCM_RIGHTS. See sendmsg(3) and cmsg(3) man pages for more information.
  *
+ * If you intend to share this file descriptor with a child process after
+ * calling exec(3), note that you will need to use fcntl(2) with FD_SETFD
+ * to clear the FD_CLOEXEC flag for this to work on all versions of Android.
+ *
  * Available since API level 26.
  *
  * \param name an optional name.
diff --git a/include/android/thermal.h b/include/android/thermal.h
index 3247fa1..83582d6 100644
--- a/include/android/thermal.h
+++ b/include/android/thermal.h
@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#if __ANDROID_API__ >= 30
-
 enum AThermalStatus {
     /** Error in thermal status. */
     ATHERMAL_STATUS_ERROR = -1,
@@ -111,36 +109,45 @@
  */
 typedef void (*AThermal_StatusCallback)(void *data, AThermalStatus status);
 
+#if __ANDROID_API__ >= 30
+
 /**
   * Acquire an instance of the thermal manager. This must be freed using
   * {@link AThermal_releaseManager}.
   *
+  * Available since API level 30.
+  *
   * @return manager instance on success, nullptr on failure.
- */
-AThermalManager* AThermal_acquireManager();
+  */
+AThermalManager* AThermal_acquireManager() __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Release the thermal manager pointer acquired via
  * {@link AThermal_acquireManager}.
  *
- * @param manager The manager to be released.
+ * Available since API level 30.
  *
+ * @param manager The manager to be released.
  */
-void AThermal_releaseManager(AThermalManager *manager);
+void AThermal_releaseManager(AThermalManager *manager) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
   * Gets the current thermal status.
   *
+  * Available since API level 30.
+  *
   * @param manager The manager instance to use to query the thermal status.
   * Acquired via {@link AThermal_acquireManager}.
   *
   * @return current thermal status, ATHERMAL_STATUS_ERROR on failure.
-*/
-AThermalStatus AThermal_getCurrentThermalStatus(AThermalManager *manager);
+  */
+AThermalStatus AThermal_getCurrentThermalStatus(AThermalManager *manager) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Register the thermal status listener for thermal status change.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param manager The manager instance to use to register.
  * Acquired via {@link AThermal_acquireManager}.
  * @param callback The callback function to be called when thermal status updated.
@@ -152,11 +159,13 @@
  *         EPIPE if communication with the system service has failed.
  */
 int AThermal_registerThermalStatusListener(AThermalManager *manager,
-        AThermal_StatusCallback callback, void *data);
+        AThermal_StatusCallback callback, void *data) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 /**
  * Unregister the thermal status listener previously resgistered.
  *
+ * Available since API level 30.
+ *
  * @param manager The manager instance to use to unregister.
  * Acquired via {@link AThermal_acquireManager}.
  * @param callback The callback function to be called when thermal status updated.
@@ -168,8 +177,7 @@
  *         EPIPE if communication with the system service has failed.
  */
 int AThermal_unregisterThermalStatusListener(AThermalManager *manager,
-        AThermal_StatusCallback callback, void *data);
-
+        AThermal_StatusCallback callback, void *data) __INTRODUCED_IN(30);
 
 #endif  //  __ANDROID_API__ >= 30
 
diff --git a/include/android/trace.h b/include/android/trace.h
index d59690a..dbad6f6 100644
--- a/include/android/trace.h
+++ b/include/android/trace.h
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 #endif /* __ANDROID_API__ >= 29 */
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
-};
+}
 #endif
 
 #endif // ANDROID_NATIVE_TRACE_H
diff --git a/include/input/Keyboard.h b/include/input/Keyboard.h
index 92da10c..0a00241 100644
--- a/include/input/Keyboard.h
+++ b/include/input/Keyboard.h
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 #include <input/Input.h>
 #include <input/InputDevice.h>
 #include <input/InputEventLabels.h>
+#include <input/PropertyMap.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <utils/PropertyMap.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
diff --git a/include/input/PropertyMap.h b/include/input/PropertyMap.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d04331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/input/PropertyMap.h
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _UTILS_PROPERTY_MAP_H
+#define _UTILS_PROPERTY_MAP_H
+
+#include <utils/Errors.h>
+#include <utils/KeyedVector.h>
+#include <utils/String8.h>
+#include <utils/Tokenizer.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+/*
+ * Provides a mechanism for passing around string-based property key / value pairs
+ * and loading them from property files.
+ *
+ * The property files have the following simple structure:
+ *
+ * # Comment
+ * key = value
+ *
+ * Keys and values are any sequence of printable ASCII characters.
+ * The '=' separates the key from the value.
+ * The key and value may not contain whitespace.
+ *
+ * The '\' character is reserved for escape sequences and is not currently supported.
+ * The '"" character is reserved for quoting and is not currently supported.
+ * Files that contain the '\' or '"' character will fail to parse.
+ *
+ * The file must not contain duplicate keys.
+ *
+ * TODO Support escape sequences and quoted values when needed.
+ */
+class PropertyMap {
+public:
+    /* Creates an empty property map. */
+    PropertyMap();
+    ~PropertyMap();
+
+    /* Clears the property map. */
+    void clear();
+
+    /* Adds a property.
+     * Replaces the property with the same key if it is already present.
+     */
+    void addProperty(const String8& key, const String8& value);
+
+    /* Returns true if the property map contains the specified key. */
+    bool hasProperty(const String8& key) const;
+
+    /* Gets the value of a property and parses it.
+     * Returns true and sets outValue if the key was found and its value was parsed successfully.
+     * Otherwise returns false and does not modify outValue.  (Also logs a warning.)
+     */
+    bool tryGetProperty(const String8& key, String8& outValue) const;
+    bool tryGetProperty(const String8& key, bool& outValue) const;
+    bool tryGetProperty(const String8& key, int32_t& outValue) const;
+    bool tryGetProperty(const String8& key, float& outValue) const;
+
+    /* Adds all values from the specified property map. */
+    void addAll(const PropertyMap* map);
+
+    /* Gets the underlying property map. */
+    inline const KeyedVector<String8, String8>& getProperties() const { return mProperties; }
+
+    /* Loads a property map from a file. */
+    static status_t load(const String8& filename, PropertyMap** outMap);
+
+private:
+    class Parser {
+        PropertyMap* mMap;
+        Tokenizer* mTokenizer;
+
+    public:
+        Parser(PropertyMap* map, Tokenizer* tokenizer);
+        ~Parser();
+        status_t parse();
+
+    private:
+        status_t parseType();
+        status_t parseKey();
+        status_t parseKeyProperty();
+        status_t parseModifier(const String8& token, int32_t* outMetaState);
+        status_t parseCharacterLiteral(char16_t* outCharacter);
+    };
+
+    KeyedVector<String8, String8> mProperties;
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif // _UTILS_PROPERTY_MAP_H
diff --git a/include/powermanager/IPowerManager.h b/include/powermanager/IPowerManager.h
index 853f0c9..964e318 100644
--- a/include/powermanager/IPowerManager.h
+++ b/include/powermanager/IPowerManager.h
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@
         IS_POWER_SAVE_MODE           = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 12,
         GET_POWER_SAVE_STATE         = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 13,
         SET_POWER_SAVE_MODE_ENABLED  = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 14,
-        REBOOT                       = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 17,
-        REBOOT_SAFE_MODE             = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 18,
-        SHUTDOWN                     = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 19,
-        CRASH                        = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 20,
+        REBOOT                       = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 21,
+        REBOOT_SAFE_MODE             = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 22,
+        SHUTDOWN                     = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 23,
+        CRASH                        = IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 24,
     };
 
     DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(PowerManager)
diff --git a/libs/binder/Android.bp b/libs/binder/Android.bp
index b24a577..d363ee9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/Android.bp
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
     // or dessert updates. Instead, apex users should use libbinder_ndk.
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
-        // TODO(b/139016109) remove these three
+        // TODO(b/166468760) remove these three
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
         "test_com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@
         "MemoryDealer.cpp",
         "MemoryHeapBase.cpp",
         "Parcel.cpp",
+        "ParcelableHolder.cpp",
         "ParcelFileDescriptor.cpp",
         "PersistableBundle.cpp",
         "ProcessState.cpp",
@@ -127,6 +128,10 @@
         export_aidl_headers: true,
     },
 
+    // TODO(b/142684679): for com.android.media which is compiled
+    // as vendor and used as system code.
+    use_apex_name_macro: true,
+
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
diff --git a/libs/binder/AppOpsManager.cpp b/libs/binder/AppOpsManager.cpp
index 2174ce2..1c6b491 100644
--- a/libs/binder/AppOpsManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/AppOpsManager.cpp
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@
 }
 
 int32_t AppOpsManager::noteOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage) {
-    return noteOp(op, uid, callingPackage, std::unique_ptr<String16>(),
+    return noteOp(op, uid, callingPackage, {},
             String16("Legacy AppOpsManager.noteOp call"));
 }
 
 int32_t AppOpsManager::noteOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-        const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag, const String16& message) {
+        const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag, const String16& message) {
     sp<IAppOpsService> service = getService();
     int32_t mode = service != nullptr
             ? service->noteOperation(op, uid, callingPackage, attributionTag,
@@ -108,12 +108,12 @@
 
 int32_t AppOpsManager::startOpNoThrow(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
         bool startIfModeDefault) {
-    return startOpNoThrow(op, uid, callingPackage, startIfModeDefault, std::unique_ptr<String16>(),
+    return startOpNoThrow(op, uid, callingPackage, startIfModeDefault, {},
             String16("Legacy AppOpsManager.startOpNoThrow call"));
 }
 
 int32_t AppOpsManager::startOpNoThrow(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-        bool startIfModeDefault, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag,
+        bool startIfModeDefault, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag,
         const String16& message) {
     sp<IAppOpsService> service = getService();
     int32_t mode = service != nullptr
@@ -125,11 +125,11 @@
 }
 
 void AppOpsManager::finishOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage) {
-    finishOp(op, uid, callingPackage, std::unique_ptr<String16>());
+    finishOp(op, uid, callingPackage, {});
 }
 
 void AppOpsManager::finishOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-        const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag) {
+        const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag) {
     sp<IAppOpsService> service = getService();
     if (service != nullptr) {
         service->finishOperation(getClientId(), op, uid, callingPackage, attributionTag);
diff --git a/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp b/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
index d2b9b8f..c183d29 100644
--- a/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
             using android::internal::Stability;
 
             auto stability = Stability::get(this);
-            auto required = privateVendor ? Stability::VENDOR : Stability::kLocalStability;
+            auto required = privateVendor ? Stability::VENDOR : Stability::getLocalStability();
 
             if (CC_UNLIKELY(!Stability::check(stability, required))) {
                 ALOGE("Cannot do a user transaction on a %s binder in a %s context.",
diff --git a/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp b/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
index 0714723..cd78866 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 
+#include <optional>
+
 namespace android {
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@
     }
 
     virtual int32_t noteOperation(int32_t code, int32_t uid, const String16& packageName,
-                const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp,
+                const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp,
                 const String16& message) {
         Parcel data, reply;
         data.writeInterfaceToken(IAppOpsService::getInterfaceDescriptor());
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@
     }
 
     virtual int32_t startOperation(const sp<IBinder>& token, int32_t code, int32_t uid,
-                const String16& packageName, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag,
+                const String16& packageName, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag,
                 bool startIfModeDefault, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp, const String16& message) {
         Parcel data, reply;
         data.writeInterfaceToken(IAppOpsService::getInterfaceDescriptor());
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@
     }
 
     virtual void finishOperation(const sp<IBinder>& token, int32_t code, int32_t uid,
-            const String16& packageName, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag) {
+            const String16& packageName, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag) {
         Parcel data, reply;
         data.writeInterfaceToken(IAppOpsService::getInterfaceDescriptor());
         data.writeStrongBinder(token);
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@
             int32_t code = data.readInt32();
             int32_t uid = data.readInt32();
             String16 packageName = data.readString16();
-            std::unique_ptr<String16> attributionTag;
+            std::optional<String16> attributionTag;
             data.readString16(&attributionTag);
             bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp = data.readInt32() == 1;
             String16 message = data.readString16();
@@ -198,7 +200,7 @@
             int32_t code = data.readInt32();
             int32_t uid = data.readInt32();
             String16 packageName = data.readString16();
-            std::unique_ptr<String16> attributionTag;
+            std::optional<String16> attributionTag;
             data.readString16(&attributionTag);
             bool startIfModeDefault = data.readInt32() == 1;
             bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp = data.readInt32() == 1;
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@
             int32_t code = data.readInt32();
             int32_t uid = data.readInt32();
             String16 packageName = data.readString16();
-            std::unique_ptr<String16> attributionTag;
+            std::optional<String16> attributionTag;
             data.readString16(&attributionTag);
             finishOperation(token, code, uid, packageName, attributionTag);
             reply->writeNoException();
diff --git a/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp b/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
index c2bb811..d8b44f9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@
     explicit BpMemoryHeap(const sp<IBinder>& impl);
     virtual ~BpMemoryHeap();
 
-    virtual int getHeapID() const;
-    virtual void* getBase() const;
-    virtual size_t getSize() const;
-    virtual uint32_t getFlags() const;
+    int getHeapID() const override;
+    void* getBase() const override;
+    size_t getSize() const override;
+    uint32_t getFlags() const override;
     off_t getOffset() const override;
 
 private:
diff --git a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
index 847b73a..16afecd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@
     talkWithDriver(false);
 }
 
-int IPCThreadState::setupPolling(int* fd)
+status_t IPCThreadState::setupPolling(int* fd)
 {
     if (mProcess->mDriverFD < 0) {
         return -EBADF;
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@
                 CallStack::logStack("non-oneway call", CallStack::getCurrent(10).get(),
                     ANDROID_LOG_ERROR);
             } else /* FATAL_IF_NOT_ONEWAY */ {
-                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Process may not make oneway calls (code: %u).", code);
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Process may not make non-oneway calls (code: %u).", code);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
index a9f2d73..9aa82d9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
 
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
 #include <android/os/BnServiceCallback.h>
 #include <android/os/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
@@ -36,8 +39,6 @@
 
 #include "Static.h"
 
-#include <unistd.h>
-
 namespace android {
 
 using AidlServiceManager = android::os::IServiceManager;
@@ -206,6 +207,10 @@
  : mTheRealServiceManager(impl)
 {}
 
+// This implementation could be simplified and made more efficient by delegating
+// to waitForService. However, this changes the threading structure in some
+// cases and could potentially break prebuilts. Once we have higher logistical
+// complexity, this could be attempted.
 sp<IBinder> ServiceManagerShim::getService(const String16& name) const
 {
     static bool gSystemBootCompleted = false;
@@ -215,7 +220,8 @@
 
     const bool isVendorService =
         strcmp(ProcessState::self()->getDriverName().c_str(), "/dev/vndbinder") == 0;
-    const long timeout = uptimeMillis() + 5000;
+    const long timeout = 5000;
+    int64_t startTime = uptimeMillis();
     // Vendor code can't access system properties
     if (!gSystemBootCompleted && !isVendorService) {
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
@@ -229,15 +235,21 @@
     // retry interval in millisecond; note that vendor services stay at 100ms
     const long sleepTime = gSystemBootCompleted ? 1000 : 100;
 
+    ALOGI("Waiting for service '%s' on '%s'...", String8(name).string(),
+          ProcessState::self()->getDriverName().c_str());
+
     int n = 0;
-    while (uptimeMillis() < timeout) {
+    while (uptimeMillis() - startTime < timeout) {
         n++;
-        ALOGI("Waiting for service '%s' on '%s'...", String8(name).string(),
-            ProcessState::self()->getDriverName().c_str());
         usleep(1000*sleepTime);
 
         sp<IBinder> svc = checkService(name);
-        if (svc != nullptr) return svc;
+        if (svc != nullptr) {
+            ALOGI("Waiting for service '%s' on '%s' successful after waiting %" PRIi64 "ms",
+                  String8(name).string(), ProcessState::self()->getDriverName().c_str(),
+                  uptimeMillis() - startTime);
+            return svc;
+        }
     }
     ALOGW("Service %s didn't start. Returning NULL", String8(name).string());
     return nullptr;
@@ -322,6 +334,11 @@
 
     while(true) {
         {
+            // It would be really nice if we could read binder commands on this
+            // thread instead of needing a threadpool to be started, but for
+            // instance, if we call getAndExecuteCommand, it might be the case
+            // that another thread serves the callback, and we never get a
+            // command, so we hang indefinitely.
             std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(waiter->mMutex);
             using std::literals::chrono_literals::operator""s;
             waiter->mCv.wait_for(lock, 1s, [&] {
@@ -330,6 +347,8 @@
             if (waiter->mBinder != nullptr) return waiter->mBinder;
         }
 
+        ALOGW("Waited one second for %s (is service started? are binder threads started and available?)", name.c_str());
+
         // Handle race condition for lazy services. Here is what can happen:
         // - the service dies (not processed by init yet).
         // - sm processes death notification.
@@ -343,8 +362,6 @@
             return nullptr;
         }
         if (out != nullptr) return out;
-
-        ALOGW("Waited one second for %s", name.c_str());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
index 6f49aa1..325e204 100644
--- a/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
@@ -45,25 +45,31 @@
     Status onClients(const sp<IBinder>& service, bool clients) override;
 
 private:
+    struct Service {
+        sp<IBinder> service;
+        bool allowIsolated;
+        int dumpFlags;
+
+        // whether, based on onClients calls, we know we have a client for this
+        // service or not
+        bool clients = false;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Looks up a service guaranteed to be registered (service from onClients).
+     */
+    std::map<std::string, Service>::iterator assertRegisteredService(const sp<IBinder>& service);
+
     /**
      * Unregisters all services that we can. If we can't unregister all, re-register other
      * services.
      */
     void tryShutdown();
 
-    /**
-     * Counter of the number of services that currently have at least one client.
-     */
+    // count of services with clients
     size_t mNumConnectedServices;
 
-    struct Service {
-        sp<IBinder> service;
-        bool allowIsolated;
-        int dumpFlags;
-    };
-    /**
-     * Map of registered names and services
-     */
+    // map of registered names and services
     std::map<std::string, Service> mRegisteredServices;
 
     bool mForcePersist;
@@ -89,12 +95,28 @@
         }
 
         // Only add this when a service is added for the first time, as it is not removed
-        mRegisteredServices[name] = {service, allowIsolated, dumpFlags};
+        mRegisteredServices[name] = {
+              .service = service,
+              .allowIsolated = allowIsolated,
+              .dumpFlags = dumpFlags
+        };
     }
 
     return true;
 }
 
+std::map<std::string, ClientCounterCallback::Service>::iterator ClientCounterCallback::assertRegisteredService(const sp<IBinder>& service) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(service == nullptr, "Got onClients callback for null service");
+    for (auto it = mRegisteredServices.begin(); it != mRegisteredServices.end(); ++it) {
+        auto const& [name, registered] = *it;
+        (void) name;
+        if (registered.service != service) continue;
+        return it;
+    }
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Got callback on service which we did not register: %s", String8(service->getInterfaceDescriptor()).c_str());
+    __builtin_unreachable();
+}
+
 void ClientCounterCallback::forcePersist(bool persist) {
     mForcePersist = persist;
     if(!mForcePersist) {
@@ -108,15 +130,25 @@
  * invocations could occur on different threads however.
  */
 Status ClientCounterCallback::onClients(const sp<IBinder>& service, bool clients) {
-    if (clients) {
-        mNumConnectedServices++;
-    } else {
-        mNumConnectedServices--;
+    auto & [name, registered] = *assertRegisteredService(service);
+    if (registered.clients == clients) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Process already thought %s had clients: %d but servicemanager has "
+                         "notified has clients: %d", name.c_str(), registered.clients, clients);
+    }
+    registered.clients = clients;
+
+    // update cache count of clients
+    {
+         size_t numWithClients = 0;
+         for (const auto& [name, registered] : mRegisteredServices) {
+             (void) name;
+             if (registered.clients) numWithClients++;
+         }
+         mNumConnectedServices = numWithClients;
     }
 
     ALOGI("Process has %zu (of %zu available) client(s) in use after notification %s has clients: %d",
-          mNumConnectedServices, mRegisteredServices.size(),
-          String8(service->getInterfaceDescriptor()).string(), clients);
+          mNumConnectedServices, mRegisteredServices.size(), name.c_str(), clients);
 
     tryShutdown();
     return Status::ok();
@@ -192,4 +224,4 @@
 }
 
 }  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/MemoryDealer.cpp b/libs/binder/MemoryDealer.cpp
index ebf91f9..b46b3e8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/MemoryDealer.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/MemoryDealer.cpp
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
     while (cur) {
         if (cur->start == start) {
             LOG_FATAL_IF(cur->free,
-                "block at offset 0x%08lX of size 0x%08lX already freed",
+                "block at offset 0x%08lX of size 0x%08X already freed",
                 cur->start*kMemoryAlign, cur->size*kMemoryAlign);
 
             // merge freed blocks together
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@
                 }
             #endif
             LOG_FATAL_IF(!freed->free,
-                "freed block at offset 0x%08lX of size 0x%08lX is not free!",
+                "freed block at offset 0x%08lX of size 0x%08X is not free!",
                 freed->start * kMemoryAlign, freed->size * kMemoryAlign);
 
             return freed;
diff --git a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
index a5549fc..14ab60f 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
 #include <binder/TextOutput.h>
 
 #include <cutils/ashmem.h>
-#include <utils/Debug.h>
 #include <utils/Flattenable.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
@@ -763,6 +762,13 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeUtf8AsUtf16(const std::optional<std::string>& str) {
+  if (!str) {
+    return writeInt32(-1);
+  }
+  return writeUtf8AsUtf16(*str);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeUtf8AsUtf16(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& str) {
   if (!str) {
     return writeInt32(-1);
@@ -787,6 +793,12 @@
     return writeByteVectorInternal(val.data(), val.size());
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeByteVector(const std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>& val)
+{
+    if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
+    return writeByteVectorInternal(val->data(), val->size());
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeByteVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int8_t>>& val)
 {
     if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
@@ -797,6 +809,12 @@
     return writeByteVectorInternal(reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(val.data()), val.size());
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeByteVector(const std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>& val)
+{
+    if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
+    return writeByteVectorInternal(reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(val->data()), val->size());
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeByteVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>>& val)
 {
     if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
@@ -808,6 +826,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt32);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeInt32Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt32);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeInt32Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int32_t>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt32);
@@ -818,6 +841,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt64);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeInt64Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt64);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeInt64Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int64_t>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeInt64);
@@ -828,6 +856,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUint64);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeUint64Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUint64);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeUint64Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUint64);
@@ -838,6 +871,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeFloat);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeFloatVector(const std::optional<std::vector<float>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeFloat);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeFloatVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<float>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeFloat);
@@ -848,6 +886,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeDouble);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeDoubleVector(const std::optional<std::vector<double>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeDouble);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeDoubleVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<double>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeDouble);
@@ -858,6 +901,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeBool);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeBoolVector(const std::optional<std::vector<bool>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeBool);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeBoolVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<bool>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeBool);
@@ -868,6 +916,11 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeChar);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeCharVector(const std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeChar);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeCharVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char16_t>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeChar);
@@ -879,12 +932,23 @@
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::writeString16Vector(
+        const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeString16);
+}
+
+status_t Parcel::writeString16Vector(
         const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<String16>>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeString16);
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(
+                        const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& val) {
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUtf8AsUtf16);
+}
+
+status_t Parcel::writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(
                         const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& val) {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUtf8AsUtf16);
 }
@@ -1019,6 +1083,15 @@
     return err;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeString16(const std::optional<String16>& str)
+{
+    if (!str) {
+        return writeInt32(-1);
+    }
+
+    return writeString16(*str);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeString16(const std::unique_ptr<String16>& str)
 {
     if (!str) {
@@ -1061,11 +1134,20 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeStrongBinder);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeStrongBinderVector(const std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>& val)
+{
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeStrongBinder);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeStrongBinderVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>& val)
 {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeStrongBinder);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readStrongBinderVector(std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readNullableStrongBinder);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readStrongBinderVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readNullableStrongBinder);
 }
@@ -1164,6 +1246,10 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUniqueFileDescriptor);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::writeUniqueFileDescriptorVector(const std::optional<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>& val) {
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUniqueFileDescriptor);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::writeUniqueFileDescriptorVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>& val) {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeUniqueFileDescriptor);
 }
@@ -1439,7 +1525,7 @@
 
 template<class T>
 status_t Parcel::readAligned(T *pArg) const {
-    COMPILE_TIME_ASSERT_FUNCTION_SCOPE(PAD_SIZE_UNSAFE(sizeof(T)) == sizeof(T));
+    static_assert(PAD_SIZE_UNSAFE(sizeof(T)) == sizeof(T));
 
     if ((mDataPos+sizeof(T)) <= mDataSize) {
         if (mObjectsSize > 0) {
@@ -1472,7 +1558,7 @@
 
 template<class T>
 status_t Parcel::writeAligned(T val) {
-    COMPILE_TIME_ASSERT_FUNCTION_SCOPE(PAD_SIZE_UNSAFE(sizeof(T)) == sizeof(T));
+    static_assert(PAD_SIZE_UNSAFE(sizeof(T)) == sizeof(T));
 
     if ((mDataPos+sizeof(val)) <= mDataCapacity) {
 restart_write:
@@ -1497,6 +1583,17 @@
     return readByteVectorInternal(val, size);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>* val) const {
+    size_t size;
+    if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
+    if (!*val) {
+        // reserveOutVector does not create the out vector if size is < 0.
+        // This occurs when writing a null byte vector.
+        return OK;
+    }
+    return readByteVectorInternal(&**val, size);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readByteVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int8_t>>* val) const {
     size_t size;
     if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
@@ -1508,6 +1605,17 @@
     return readByteVectorInternal(val->get(), size);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>* val) const {
+    size_t size;
+    if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
+    if (!*val) {
+        // reserveOutVector does not create the out vector if size is < 0.
+        // This occurs when writing a null byte vector.
+        return OK;
+    }
+    return readByteVectorInternal(&**val, size);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readByteVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>>* val) const {
     size_t size;
     if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
@@ -1519,6 +1627,10 @@
     return readByteVectorInternal(val->get(), size);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readInt32Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt32);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readInt32Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int32_t>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt32);
 }
@@ -1527,6 +1639,10 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt32);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readInt64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt64);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readInt64Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int64_t>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt64);
 }
@@ -1535,6 +1651,10 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readInt64);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readUint64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUint64);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readUint64Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUint64);
 }
@@ -1543,6 +1663,10 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUint64);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readFloatVector(std::optional<std::vector<float>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readFloat);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readFloatVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<float>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readFloat);
 }
@@ -1551,6 +1675,10 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readFloat);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readDoubleVector(std::optional<std::vector<double>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readDouble);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readDoubleVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<double>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readDouble);
 }
@@ -1559,6 +1687,28 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readDouble);
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readBoolVector(std::optional<std::vector<bool>>* val) const {
+    const int32_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&size);
+    val->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || size < 0) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    val->emplace();
+
+    status = readBoolVector(&**val);
+
+    if (status != OK) {
+        val->reset();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readBoolVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<bool>>* val) const {
     const int32_t start = dataPosition();
     int32_t size;
@@ -1611,6 +1761,10 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readCharVector(std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readChar);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readCharVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char16_t>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readChar);
 }
@@ -1620,6 +1774,11 @@
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::readString16Vector(
+        std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readString16);
+}
+
+status_t Parcel::readString16Vector(
         std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<String16>>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readString16);
 }
@@ -1629,6 +1788,11 @@
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::readUtf8VectorFromUtf16Vector(
+        std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUtf8FromUtf16);
+}
+
+status_t Parcel::readUtf8VectorFromUtf16Vector(
         std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUtf8FromUtf16);
 }
@@ -1820,6 +1984,21 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readUtf8FromUtf16(std::optional<std::string>* str) const {
+    const int32_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&size);
+    str->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || size < 0) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    str->emplace();
+    return readUtf8FromUtf16(&**str);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readUtf8FromUtf16(std::unique_ptr<std::string>* str) const {
     const int32_t start = dataPosition();
     int32_t size;
@@ -1898,6 +2077,29 @@
     return String16();
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readString16(std::optional<String16>* pArg) const
+{
+    const int32_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&size);
+    pArg->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || size < 0) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    pArg->emplace();
+
+    status = readString16(&**pArg);
+
+    if (status != OK) {
+        pArg->reset();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readString16(std::unique_ptr<String16>* pArg) const
 {
     const int32_t start = dataPosition();
@@ -2103,6 +2305,10 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::readUniqueFileDescriptorVector(std::optional<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUniqueFileDescriptor);
+}
+
 status_t Parcel::readUniqueFileDescriptorVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readUniqueFileDescriptor);
 }
@@ -2448,7 +2654,7 @@
     size_t newSize = ((mDataSize+len)*3)/2;
     return (newSize <= mDataSize)
             ? (status_t) NO_MEMORY
-            : continueWrite(newSize);
+            : continueWrite(std::max(newSize, (size_t) 128));
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::restartWrite(size_t desired)
diff --git a/libs/binder/ParcelableHolder.cpp b/libs/binder/ParcelableHolder.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9df279
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/ParcelableHolder.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/Parcelable.h>
+#include <binder/ParcelableHolder.h>
+
+#define RETURN_ON_FAILURE(expr)                     \
+    do {                                            \
+        android::status_t _status = (expr);         \
+        if (_status != android::OK) return _status; \
+    } while (false)
+
+namespace android {
+namespace os {
+status_t ParcelableHolder::writeToParcel(Parcel* p) const {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mMutex);
+    RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeInt32(static_cast<int32_t>(this->getStability())));
+    if (this->mParcelPtr) {
+        RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeInt32(this->mParcelPtr->dataSize()));
+        RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->appendFrom(this->mParcelPtr.get(), 0, this->mParcelPtr->dataSize()));
+        return OK;
+    }
+    if (this->mParcelable) {
+        size_t sizePos = p->dataPosition();
+        RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeInt32(0));
+        size_t dataStartPos = p->dataPosition();
+        RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(this->mParcelableName));
+        this->mParcelable->writeToParcel(p);
+        size_t dataSize = p->dataPosition() - dataStartPos;
+
+        p->setDataPosition(sizePos);
+        RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeInt32(dataSize));
+        p->setDataPosition(p->dataPosition() + dataSize);
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+    RETURN_ON_FAILURE(p->writeInt32(0));
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t ParcelableHolder::readFromParcel(const Parcel* p) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mMutex);
+    this->mStability = static_cast<Stability>(p->readInt32());
+    this->mParcelable = nullptr;
+    this->mParcelableName = std::nullopt;
+    int32_t rawDataSize;
+
+    status_t status = p->readInt32(&rawDataSize);
+    if (status != android::OK || rawDataSize < 0) {
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        return status != android::OK ? status : BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    if (rawDataSize == 0) {
+        if (this->mParcelPtr) {
+            this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        }
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+    size_t dataSize = rawDataSize;
+
+    size_t dataStartPos = p->dataPosition();
+
+    if (dataStartPos > SIZE_MAX - dataSize) {
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if (!this->mParcelPtr) {
+        this->mParcelPtr = std::make_unique<Parcel>();
+    }
+    this->mParcelPtr->freeData();
+
+    status = this->mParcelPtr->appendFrom(p, dataStartPos, dataSize);
+    if (status != android::OK) {
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        return status;
+    }
+    p->setDataPosition(dataStartPos + dataSize);
+    return OK;
+}
+} // namespace os
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
index 4b773e8..a530565 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -73,38 +74,49 @@
 
 sp<ProcessState> ProcessState::self()
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(gProcessMutex);
-    if (gProcess != nullptr) {
-        return gProcess;
-    }
-    gProcess = new ProcessState(kDefaultDriver);
-    return gProcess;
+    return init(kDefaultDriver, false /*requireDefault*/);
 }
 
 sp<ProcessState> ProcessState::initWithDriver(const char* driver)
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(gProcessMutex);
-    if (gProcess != nullptr) {
-        // Allow for initWithDriver to be called repeatedly with the same
-        // driver.
-        if (!strcmp(gProcess->getDriverName().c_str(), driver)) {
-            return gProcess;
-        }
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("ProcessState was already initialized.");
-    }
-
-    if (access(driver, R_OK) == -1) {
-        ALOGE("Binder driver %s is unavailable. Using /dev/binder instead.", driver);
-        driver = "/dev/binder";
-    }
-
-    gProcess = new ProcessState(driver);
-    return gProcess;
+    return init(driver, true /*requireDefault*/);
 }
 
 sp<ProcessState> ProcessState::selfOrNull()
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(gProcessMutex);
+    return init(nullptr, false /*requireDefault*/);
+}
+
+sp<ProcessState> ProcessState::init(const char *driver, bool requireDefault)
+{
+    [[clang::no_destroy]] static sp<ProcessState> gProcess;
+    [[clang::no_destroy]] static std::mutex gProcessMutex;
+
+    if (driver == nullptr) {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(gProcessMutex);
+        return gProcess;
+    }
+
+    [[clang::no_destroy]] static std::once_flag gProcessOnce;
+    std::call_once(gProcessOnce, [&](){
+        if (access(driver, R_OK) == -1) {
+            ALOGE("Binder driver %s is unavailable. Using /dev/binder instead.", driver);
+            driver = "/dev/binder";
+        }
+
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(gProcessMutex);
+        gProcess = new ProcessState(driver);
+    });
+
+    if (requireDefault) {
+        // Detect if we are trying to initialize with a different driver, and
+        // consider that an error. ProcessState will only be initialized once above.
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(gProcess->getDriverName() != driver,
+                            "ProcessState was already initialized with %s,"
+                            " can't initialize with %s.",
+                            gProcess->getDriverName().c_str(), driver);
+    }
+
     return gProcess;
 }
 
@@ -132,11 +144,9 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool ProcessState::becomeContextManager(context_check_func checkFunc, void* userData)
+bool ProcessState::becomeContextManager()
 {
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
-    mBinderContextCheckFunc = checkFunc;
-    mBinderContextUserData = userData;
 
     flat_binder_object obj {
         .flags = FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_TXN_SECURITY_CTX,
@@ -148,13 +158,11 @@
     if (result != 0) {
         android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "121035042");
 
-        int dummy = 0;
-        result = ioctl(mDriverFD, BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR, &dummy);
+        int unused = 0;
+        result = ioctl(mDriverFD, BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MGR, &unused);
     }
 
     if (result == -1) {
-        mBinderContextCheckFunc = nullptr;
-        mBinderContextUserData = nullptr;
         ALOGE("Binder ioctl to become context manager failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
     }
 
@@ -328,6 +336,8 @@
 }
 
 status_t ProcessState::setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(size_t maxThreads) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mThreadPoolStarted && maxThreads < mMaxThreads,
+           "Binder threadpool cannot be shrunk after starting");
     status_t result = NO_ERROR;
     if (ioctl(mDriverFD, BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS, &maxThreads) != -1) {
         mMaxThreads = maxThreads;
@@ -383,14 +393,12 @@
     , mExecutingThreadsCount(0)
     , mMaxThreads(DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS)
     , mStarvationStartTimeMs(0)
-    , mBinderContextCheckFunc(nullptr)
-    , mBinderContextUserData(nullptr)
     , mThreadPoolStarted(false)
     , mThreadPoolSeq(1)
     , mCallRestriction(CallRestriction::NONE)
 {
 
-// TODO(b/139016109): enforce in build system
+// TODO(b/166468760): enforce in build system
 #if defined(__ANDROID_APEX__)
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Cannot use libbinder in APEX (only system.img libbinder) since it is not stable.");
 #endif
diff --git a/libs/binder/Stability.cpp b/libs/binder/Stability.cpp
index e1565fa..6115aec 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Stability.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Stability.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 namespace internal {
 
 void Stability::markCompilationUnit(IBinder* binder) {
-    status_t result = set(binder, kLocalStability, true /*log*/);
+    status_t result = set(binder, getLocalStability(), true /*log*/);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != OK, "Should only mark known object.");
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +45,26 @@
 }
 
 void Stability::tryMarkCompilationUnit(IBinder* binder) {
-    (void) set(binder, kLocalStability, false /*log*/);
+    (void) set(binder, getLocalStability(), false /*log*/);
+}
+
+Stability::Level Stability::getLocalStability() {
+#ifdef __ANDROID_VNDK__
+    #ifdef __ANDROID_APEX__
+        // TODO(b/142684679) avoid use_vendor on system APEXes
+        #if !defined(__ANDROID_APEX_COM_ANDROID_MEDIA_SWCODEC__) \
+            && !defined(__ANDROID_APEX_TEST_COM_ANDROID_MEDIA_SWCODEC__)
+        #error VNDK + APEX only defined for com.android.media.swcodec
+        #endif
+        // TODO(b/142684679) avoid use_vendor on system APEXes
+        return Level::SYSTEM;
+    #else
+        return Level::VENDOR;
+    #endif
+#else
+    // TODO(b/139325195): split up stability levels for system/APEX.
+    return Level::SYSTEM;
+#endif
 }
 
 status_t Stability::set(IBinder* binder, int32_t stability, bool log) {
diff --git a/libs/binder/Static.cpp b/libs/binder/Static.cpp
index 779ed41..db0f1c7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Static.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Static.cpp
@@ -68,9 +68,4 @@
 TextOutput& aout(*new FdTextOutput(STDOUT_FILENO));
 TextOutput& aerr(*new FdTextOutput(STDERR_FILENO));
 
-// ------------ ProcessState.cpp
-
-Mutex& gProcessMutex = *new Mutex;
-sp<ProcessState> gProcess;
-
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/Static.h b/libs/binder/Static.h
index f8e0ee5..83524e8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Static.h
+++ b/libs/binder/Static.h
@@ -27,8 +27,4 @@
 // For TextStream.cpp
 extern Vector<int32_t> gTextBuffers;
 
-// For ProcessState.cpp
-extern Mutex& gProcessMutex;
-extern sp<ProcessState> gProcess;
-
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/Status.cpp b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
index 674f065..64ab7a9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Status.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
@@ -193,13 +193,15 @@
     }
 
     status_t status = parcel->writeInt32(mException);
-    if (status != OK) { return status; }
+    if (status != OK) return status;
     if (mException == EX_NONE) {
         // We have no more information to write.
         return status;
     }
     status = parcel->writeString16(String16(mMessage));
+    if (status != OK) return status;
     status = parcel->writeInt32(0); // Empty remote stack trace header
+    if (status != OK) return status;
     if (mException == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
         status = parcel->writeInt32(mErrorCode);
     } else if (mException == EX_PARCELABLE) {
diff --git a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
index 9aa7651..c232283 100644
--- a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
       "name": "binderVendorDoubleLoadTest"
     },
     {
+      "name": "binderAllocationLimits"
+    },
+    {
       "name": "binderDriverInterfaceTest"
     },
     {
@@ -29,6 +32,17 @@
     },
     {
       "name": "libbinderthreadstateutils_test"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CtsOsTestCases",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-filter": "android.os.cts.BuildTest#testSdkInt"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-filter": "android.os.cts.StrictModeTest#testNonSdkApiUsage"
+        }
+      ]
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/AppOpsManager.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/AppOpsManager.h
index d93935a..233f12a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/AppOpsManager.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/AppOpsManager.h
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 
 #include <utils/threads.h>
 
+#include <optional>
+
 #ifdef __ANDROID_VNDK__
 #error "This header is not visible to vendors"
 #endif
@@ -147,18 +149,18 @@
     //              const String16&) instead
     int32_t noteOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage);
     int32_t noteOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-            const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag, const String16& message);
+            const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag, const String16& message);
     // @Deprecated, use startOpNoThrow(int32_t, int32_t, const String16&, bool, const String16&,
     //              const String16&) instead
     int32_t startOpNoThrow(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
             bool startIfModeDefault);
     int32_t startOpNoThrow(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-            bool startIfModeDefault, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag,
+            bool startIfModeDefault, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag,
             const String16& message);
     // @Deprecated, use finishOp(int32_t, int32_t, const String16&, bool, const String16&) instead
     void finishOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage);
     void finishOp(int32_t op, int32_t uid, const String16& callingPackage,
-            const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag);
+            const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag);
     void startWatchingMode(int32_t op, const String16& packageName,
             const sp<IAppOpsCallback>& callback);
     void stopWatchingMode(const sp<IAppOpsCallback>& callback);
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Binder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Binder.h
index 4cf0515..f3fea16 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Binder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Binder.h
@@ -84,11 +84,8 @@
     // Appropriate values are:
     // SCHED_NORMAL: -20 <= priority <= 19
     // SCHED_RR/SCHED_FIFO: 1 <= priority <= 99
-    __attribute__((weak))
     void                setMinSchedulerPolicy(int policy, int priority);
-    __attribute__((weak))
     int                 getMinSchedulerPolicy();
-    __attribute__((weak))
     int                 getMinSchedulerPriority();
 
     pid_t               getDebugPid();
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
index 8e871b8..378a911 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
@@ -137,7 +137,6 @@
             volatile int32_t    mObitsSent;
             Vector<Obituary>*   mObituaries;
             ObjectManager       mObjects;
-            Parcel*             mConstantData;
     mutable String16            mDescriptorCache;
             int32_t             mTrackedUid;
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IAppOpsService.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IAppOpsService.h
index 1ffb8de..a4a20c8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IAppOpsService.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IAppOpsService.h
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 #include <binder/IAppOpsCallback.h>
 #include <binder/IInterface.h>
 
+#include <optional>
+
 #ifdef __ANDROID_VNDK__
 #error "This header is not visible to vendors"
 #endif
@@ -36,13 +38,13 @@
 
     virtual int32_t checkOperation(int32_t code, int32_t uid, const String16& packageName) = 0;
     virtual int32_t noteOperation(int32_t code, int32_t uid, const String16& packageName,
-            const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp,
+            const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp,
             const String16& message) = 0;
     virtual int32_t startOperation(const sp<IBinder>& token, int32_t code, int32_t uid,
-            const String16& packageName, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag,
+            const String16& packageName, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag,
             bool startIfModeDefault, bool shouldCollectAsyncNotedOp, const String16& message) = 0;
     virtual void finishOperation(const sp<IBinder>& token, int32_t code, int32_t uid,
-            const String16& packageName, const std::unique_ptr<String16>& attributionTag) = 0;
+            const String16& packageName, const std::optional<String16>& attributionTag) = 0;
     virtual void startWatchingMode(int32_t op, const String16& packageName,
             const sp<IAppOpsCallback>& callback) = 0;
     virtual void stopWatchingMode(const sp<IAppOpsCallback>& callback) = 0;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IBinder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IBinder.h
index 64604b7..eea0e89 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IBinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IBinder.h
@@ -173,6 +173,10 @@
      * The @a cookie is optional -- if non-NULL, it should be a
      * memory address that you own (that is, you know it is unique).
      *
+     * @note When all references to the binder being linked to are dropped, the
+     * recipient is automatically unlinked. So, you must hold onto a binder in
+     * order to receive death notifications about it.
+     *
      * @note You will only receive death notifications for remote binders,
      * as local binders by definition can't die without you dying as well.
      * Trying to use this function on a local binder will result in an
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
index 8ac7165..aa256d4 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
@@ -47,23 +47,37 @@
     // binder transactions to be processed.
     //
     // returns: 0 in case of success, a value < 0 in case of error
-    __attribute__((weak))
     static  status_t            freeze(pid_t pid, bool enabled, uint32_t timeout_ms);
 
     // Provide information about the state of a frozen process
-    __attribute__((weak))
     static  status_t            getProcessFreezeInfo(pid_t pid, bool *sync_received,
                                                     bool *async_received);
             sp<ProcessState>    process();
             
             status_t            clearLastError();
 
+            /**
+             * Returns the PID of the process which has made the current binder
+             * call. If not in a binder call, this will return getpid. If the
+             * call is oneway, this will return 0.
+             */
             pid_t               getCallingPid() const;
-            // nullptr if unavailable
-            //
-            // this can't be restored once it's cleared, and it does not return the
-            // context of the current process when not in a binder call.
+
+            /**
+             * Returns the SELinux security identifier of the process which has
+             * made the current binder call. If not in a binder call this will
+             * return nullptr. If this isn't requested with
+             * Binder::setRequestingSid, it will also return nullptr.
+             *
+             * This can't be restored once it's cleared, and it does not return the
+             * context of the current process when not in a binder call.
+             */
             const char*         getCallingSid() const;
+
+            /**
+             * Returns the UID of the process which has made the current binder
+             * call. If not in a binder call, this will return 0.
+             */
             uid_t               getCallingUid() const;
 
             void                setStrictModePolicy(int32_t policy);
@@ -88,8 +102,8 @@
             int64_t             clearCallingIdentity();
             // Restores PID/UID (not SID)
             void                restoreCallingIdentity(int64_t token);
-            
-            int                 setupPolling(int* fd);
+
+            status_t            setupPolling(int* fd);
             status_t            handlePolledCommands();
             void                flushCommands();
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h
index 6d711bc..d18c88e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h
@@ -26,7 +26,19 @@
 class ClientCounterCallback;
 }  // namespace internal
 
-/** Exits when all services registered through this object have 0 clients */
+/**
+ * Exits when all services registered through this object have 0 clients
+ *
+ * In order to use this class, it's expected that your service:
+ * - registers all services in the process with this API
+ * - configures services as oneshot in init .rc files
+ * - configures services as disabled in init.rc files, unless a client is
+ *   guaranteed early in boot, in which case, forcePersist should also be used
+ *   to avoid races.
+ * - uses 'interface' declarations in init .rc files
+ *
+ * For more information on init .rc configuration, see system/core/init/README.md
+ **/
 class LazyServiceRegistrar {
    public:
      static LazyServiceRegistrar& getInstance();
@@ -47,4 +59,4 @@
 };
 
 }  // namespace binder
-}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
index 3fccddc..52bd5de 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
@@ -57,28 +57,20 @@
     virtual ~MemoryHeapBase();
 
     /* implement IMemoryHeap interface */
-    virtual int         getHeapID() const;
+    int         getHeapID() const override;
 
     /* virtual address of the heap. returns MAP_FAILED in case of error */
-    virtual void*       getBase() const;
+    void*       getBase() const override;
 
-    virtual size_t      getSize() const;
-    virtual uint32_t    getFlags() const;
-            off_t       getOffset() const override;
+    size_t      getSize() const override;
+    uint32_t    getFlags() const override;
+    off_t       getOffset() const override;
 
     const char*         getDevice() const;
 
     /* this closes this heap -- use carefully */
     void dispose();
 
-    /* this is only needed as a workaround, use only if you know
-     * what you are doing */
-    status_t setDevice(const char* device) {
-        if (mDevice == nullptr)
-            mDevice = device;
-        return mDevice ? NO_ERROR : ALREADY_EXISTS;
-    }
-
 protected:
             MemoryHeapBase();
     // init() takes ownership of fd
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Nullable.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Nullable.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b605bd3..0000000
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Nullable.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-#pragma once
-
-#include <memory>
-#include <utility>
-
-namespace android {
-
-namespace aidl {
-
-// nullable/make_nullable provide source-level compatibility between std::opional and std::unique_ptr
-// usage:
-//     nullable<Foo> a;
-//     nullable<Foo> b = make_nullable<Foo>(...);
-//     auto c = make_nullable<Foo>(...);
-//     c.reset();
-//     c = make_nullable<Foo>(...);
-//     c = std::move(a);
-
-template <typename T>
-using nullable = std::unique_ptr<T>;
-
-template <typename T, typename... Args>
-inline nullable<T> make_nullable(Args&&... args) {
-    return std::make_unique<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-}
-
-} // namespace aidl
-
-} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
index c1f64fb..b6cfb8e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@
     status_t            writeString8(const String8& str);
     status_t            writeString8(const char* str, size_t len);
     status_t            writeString16(const String16& str);
+    status_t            writeString16(const std::optional<String16>& str);
     status_t            writeString16(const std::unique_ptr<String16>& str);
     status_t            writeString16(const char16_t* str, size_t len);
     status_t            writeStrongBinder(const sp<IBinder>& val);
@@ -132,33 +133,48 @@
 
     // Take a UTF8 encoded string, convert to UTF16, write it to the parcel.
     status_t            writeUtf8AsUtf16(const std::string& str);
+    status_t            writeUtf8AsUtf16(const std::optional<std::string>& str);
     status_t            writeUtf8AsUtf16(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& str);
 
+    status_t            writeByteVector(const std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeByteVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int8_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeByteVector(const std::vector<int8_t>& val);
+    status_t            writeByteVector(const std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeByteVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeByteVector(const std::vector<uint8_t>& val);
+    status_t            writeInt32Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeInt32Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int32_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeInt32Vector(const std::vector<int32_t>& val);
+    status_t            writeInt64Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeInt64Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int64_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeInt64Vector(const std::vector<int64_t>& val);
+    status_t            writeUint64Vector(const std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeUint64Vector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeUint64Vector(const std::vector<uint64_t>& val);
+    status_t            writeFloatVector(const std::optional<std::vector<float>>& val);
     status_t            writeFloatVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<float>>& val);
     status_t            writeFloatVector(const std::vector<float>& val);
+    status_t            writeDoubleVector(const std::optional<std::vector<double>>& val);
     status_t            writeDoubleVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<double>>& val);
     status_t            writeDoubleVector(const std::vector<double>& val);
+    status_t            writeBoolVector(const std::optional<std::vector<bool>>& val);
     status_t            writeBoolVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<bool>>& val);
     status_t            writeBoolVector(const std::vector<bool>& val);
+    status_t            writeCharVector(const std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeCharVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char16_t>>& val);
     status_t            writeCharVector(const std::vector<char16_t>& val);
     status_t            writeString16Vector(
+                            const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>& val);
+    status_t            writeString16Vector(
                             const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<String16>>>& val);
     status_t            writeString16Vector(const std::vector<String16>& val);
     status_t            writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(
+                            const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>& val);
+    status_t            writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(
                             const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>& val);
     status_t            writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(const std::vector<std::string>& val);
 
+    status_t            writeStrongBinderVector(const std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>& val);
     status_t            writeStrongBinderVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>& val);
     status_t            writeStrongBinderVector(const std::vector<sp<IBinder>>& val);
 
@@ -167,14 +183,20 @@
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::vector<T>& val);
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
+    status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val);
+    template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val);
     // Write an Enum vector with underlying type != int8_t.
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::vector<T>& val);
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
+    status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val);
+    template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            writeEnumVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val);
 
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            writeParcelableVector(const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<T>>>& val);
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            writeParcelableVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>>& val);
     template<typename T>
     status_t            writeParcelableVector(const std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>>& val);
@@ -182,6 +204,8 @@
     status_t            writeParcelableVector(const std::vector<T>& val);
 
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            writeNullableParcelable(const std::optional<T>& parcelable);
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            writeNullableParcelable(const std::unique_ptr<T>& parcelable);
 
     status_t            writeParcelable(const Parcelable& parcelable);
@@ -195,6 +219,8 @@
     template<typename T>
     status_t            writeVectorSize(const std::vector<T>& val);
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            writeVectorSize(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val);
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            writeVectorSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val);
 
     // Place a native_handle into the parcel (the native_handle's file-
@@ -230,6 +256,8 @@
     // Place a vector of file desciptors into the parcel. Each descriptor is
     // dup'd as in writeDupFileDescriptor
     status_t            writeUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
+                            const std::optional<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>& val);
+    status_t            writeUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
                             const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>& val);
     status_t            writeUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
                             const std::vector<base::unique_fd>& val);
@@ -279,6 +307,7 @@
 
     // Read a UTF16 encoded string, convert to UTF8
     status_t            readUtf8FromUtf16(std::string* str) const;
+    status_t            readUtf8FromUtf16(std::optional<std::string>* str) const;
     status_t            readUtf8FromUtf16(std::unique_ptr<std::string>* str) const;
 
     const char*         readCString() const;
@@ -287,27 +316,34 @@
     const char*         readString8Inplace(size_t* outLen) const;
     String16            readString16() const;
     status_t            readString16(String16* pArg) const;
+    status_t            readString16(std::optional<String16>* pArg) const;
     status_t            readString16(std::unique_ptr<String16>* pArg) const;
     const char16_t*     readString16Inplace(size_t* outLen) const;
     sp<IBinder>         readStrongBinder() const;
     status_t            readStrongBinder(sp<IBinder>* val) const;
     status_t            readNullableStrongBinder(sp<IBinder>* val) const;
 
-
     // Read an Enum vector with underlying type int8_t.
     // Does not use padding; each byte is contiguous.
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            readEnumVector(std::vector<T>* val) const;
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            readEnumVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
+    template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
+    status_t            readEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
     // Read an Enum vector with underlying type != int8_t.
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            readEnumVector(std::vector<T>* val) const;
     template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
     status_t            readEnumVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
+    template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool> = 0>
+    status_t            readEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
 
     template<typename T>
     status_t            readParcelableVector(
+                            std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<T>>>* val) const;
+    template<typename T>
+    status_t            readParcelableVector(
                             std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>>* val) const;
     template<typename T>
     status_t            readParcelableVector(std::vector<T>* val) const;
@@ -315,6 +351,8 @@
     status_t            readParcelable(Parcelable* parcelable) const;
 
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            readParcelable(std::optional<T>* parcelable) const;
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            readParcelable(std::unique_ptr<T>* parcelable) const;
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -323,31 +361,45 @@
     template<typename T>
     status_t            readNullableStrongBinder(sp<T>* val) const;
 
+    status_t            readStrongBinderVector(std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>* val) const;
     status_t            readStrongBinderVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>* val) const;
     status_t            readStrongBinderVector(std::vector<sp<IBinder>>* val) const;
 
+    status_t            readByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readByteVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int8_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readByteVector(std::vector<int8_t>* val) const;
+    status_t            readByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readByteVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readByteVector(std::vector<uint8_t>* val) const;
+    status_t            readInt32Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readInt32Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int32_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readInt32Vector(std::vector<int32_t>* val) const;
+    status_t            readInt64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readInt64Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<int64_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readInt64Vector(std::vector<int64_t>* val) const;
+    status_t            readUint64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readUint64Vector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readUint64Vector(std::vector<uint64_t>* val) const;
+    status_t            readFloatVector(std::optional<std::vector<float>>* val) const;
     status_t            readFloatVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<float>>* val) const;
     status_t            readFloatVector(std::vector<float>* val) const;
+    status_t            readDoubleVector(std::optional<std::vector<double>>* val) const;
     status_t            readDoubleVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<double>>* val) const;
     status_t            readDoubleVector(std::vector<double>* val) const;
+    status_t            readBoolVector(std::optional<std::vector<bool>>* val) const;
     status_t            readBoolVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<bool>>* val) const;
     status_t            readBoolVector(std::vector<bool>* val) const;
+    status_t            readCharVector(std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readCharVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char16_t>>* val) const;
     status_t            readCharVector(std::vector<char16_t>* val) const;
     status_t            readString16Vector(
+                            std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>* val) const;
+    status_t            readString16Vector(
                             std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<String16>>>* val) const;
     status_t            readString16Vector(std::vector<String16>* val) const;
     status_t            readUtf8VectorFromUtf16Vector(
+                            std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>* val) const;
+    status_t            readUtf8VectorFromUtf16Vector(
                             std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::string>>>* val) const;
     status_t            readUtf8VectorFromUtf16Vector(std::vector<std::string>* val) const;
 
@@ -360,10 +412,15 @@
     template<typename T>
     status_t            resizeOutVector(std::vector<T>* val) const;
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            resizeOutVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            resizeOutVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const;
     template<typename T>
     status_t            reserveOutVector(std::vector<T>* val, size_t* size) const;
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            reserveOutVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val,
+                                         size_t* size) const;
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            reserveOutVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val,
                                          size_t* size) const;
 
@@ -399,6 +456,8 @@
 
     // Retrieve a vector of smart file descriptors from the parcel.
     status_t            readUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
+                            std::optional<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>* val) const;
+    status_t            readUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
                             std::unique_ptr<std::vector<base::unique_fd>>* val) const;
     status_t            readUniqueFileDescriptorVector(
                             std::vector<base::unique_fd>* val) const;
@@ -492,6 +551,9 @@
     status_t            unsafeReadTypedVector(std::vector<T>* val,
                                               status_t(Parcel::*read_func)(U*) const) const;
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            readNullableTypedVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val,
+                                                status_t(Parcel::*read_func)(T*) const) const;
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            readNullableTypedVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val,
                                                 status_t(Parcel::*read_func)(T*) const) const;
     template<typename T>
@@ -501,9 +563,15 @@
     status_t            unsafeWriteTypedVector(const std::vector<T>& val,
                                                status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(U));
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            writeNullableTypedVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val,
+                                                 status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(const T&));
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            writeNullableTypedVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val,
                                                  status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(const T&));
     template<typename T>
+    status_t            writeNullableTypedVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val,
+                                                 status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(T));
+    template<typename T>
     status_t            writeNullableTypedVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val,
                                                  status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(T));
     template<typename T>
@@ -691,6 +759,15 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::writeVectorSize(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val) {
+    if (!val) {
+        return writeInt32(-1);
+    }
+
+    return writeVectorSize(*val);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::writeVectorSize(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val) {
     if (!val) {
         return writeInt32(-1);
@@ -715,6 +792,22 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::resizeOutVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t err = readInt32(&size);
+    if (err != NO_ERROR) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    val->reset();
+    if (size >= 0) {
+        val->emplace(size_t(size));
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::resizeOutVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
     int32_t size;
     status_t err = readInt32(&size);
@@ -747,6 +840,25 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::reserveOutVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val, size_t* size) const {
+    int32_t read_size;
+    status_t err = readInt32(&read_size);
+    if (err != NO_ERROR) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    if (read_size >= 0) {
+        *size = static_cast<size_t>(read_size);
+        val->emplace();
+        (*val)->reserve(*size);
+    } else {
+        val->reset();
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::reserveOutVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val,
                                   size_t* size) const {
     int32_t read_size;
@@ -841,6 +953,30 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::readNullableTypedVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val,
+                                         status_t(Parcel::*read_func)(T*) const) const {
+    const size_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&size);
+    val->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || size < 0) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    val->emplace();
+
+    status = unsafeReadTypedVector(&**val, read_func);
+
+    if (status != OK) {
+       val->reset();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::readNullableTypedVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val,
                                          status_t(Parcel::*read_func)(T*) const) const {
     const size_t start = dataPosition();
@@ -901,6 +1037,16 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::writeNullableTypedVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val,
+                                          status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(const T&)) {
+    if (!val) {
+        return this->writeInt32(-1);
+    }
+
+    return unsafeWriteTypedVector(*val, write_func);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::writeNullableTypedVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val,
                                           status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(const T&)) {
     if (val.get() == nullptr) {
@@ -911,6 +1057,16 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::writeNullableTypedVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val,
+                                          status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(T)) {
+    if (!val) {
+        return this->writeInt32(-1);
+    }
+
+    return unsafeWriteTypedVector(*val, write_func);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::writeNullableTypedVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val,
                                           status_t(Parcel::*write_func)(T)) {
     if (val.get() == nullptr) {
@@ -926,6 +1082,30 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::readParcelableVector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<T>>>* val) const {
+    const size_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t size;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&size);
+    val->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || size < 0) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    val->emplace();
+
+    using NullableT = std::optional<T>;
+    status = unsafeReadTypedVector<NullableT, NullableT>(&**val, &Parcel::readParcelable);
+
+    if (status != OK) {
+        val->reset();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::readParcelableVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>>* val) const {
     const size_t start = dataPosition();
     int32_t size;
@@ -939,7 +1119,8 @@
     setDataPosition(start);
     val->reset(new std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>());
 
-    status = unsafeReadTypedVector(val->get(), &Parcel::readParcelable<T>);
+    using NullableT = std::unique_ptr<T>;
+    status = unsafeReadTypedVector<NullableT, NullableT>(val->get(), &Parcel::readParcelable);
 
     if (status != OK) {
         val->reset();
@@ -949,6 +1130,29 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::readParcelable(std::optional<T>* parcelable) const {
+    const size_t start = dataPosition();
+    int32_t present;
+    status_t status = readInt32(&present);
+    parcelable->reset();
+
+    if (status != OK || !present) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    setDataPosition(start);
+    parcelable->emplace();
+
+    status = readParcelable(&**parcelable);
+
+    if (status != OK) {
+        parcelable->reset();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::readParcelable(std::unique_ptr<T>* parcelable) const {
     const size_t start = dataPosition();
     int32_t present;
@@ -972,6 +1176,11 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::writeNullableParcelable(const std::optional<T>& parcelable) {
+    return writeRawNullableParcelable(parcelable ? &*parcelable : nullptr);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::writeNullableParcelable(const std::unique_ptr<T>& parcelable) {
     return writeRawNullableParcelable(parcelable.get());
 }
@@ -982,6 +1191,16 @@
 }
 
 template<typename T>
+status_t Parcel::writeParcelableVector(const std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<T>>>& val) {
+    if (!val) {
+        return this->writeInt32(-1);
+    }
+
+    using NullableT = std::optional<T>;
+    return unsafeWriteTypedVector<NullableT, const NullableT&>(*val, &Parcel::writeNullableParcelable);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
 status_t Parcel::writeParcelableVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>>& val) {
     if (val.get() == nullptr) {
         return this->writeInt32(-1);
@@ -996,7 +1215,8 @@
         return this->writeInt32(-1);
     }
 
-    return unsafeWriteTypedVector(*val, &Parcel::writeNullableParcelable<T>);
+    using NullableT = std::unique_ptr<T>;
+    return unsafeWriteTypedVector<NullableT, const NullableT&>(*val, &Parcel::writeNullableParcelable);
 }
 
 template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int32_t>, bool>>
@@ -1013,6 +1233,11 @@
     return writeByteVectorInternal(reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(val.data()), val.size());
 }
 template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
+status_t Parcel::writeEnumVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val) {
+    if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
+    return writeByteVectorInternal(reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(val->data()), val->size());
+}
+template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
 status_t Parcel::writeEnumVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val) {
     if (!val) return writeInt32(-1);
     return writeByteVectorInternal(reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(val->data()), val->size());
@@ -1022,6 +1247,10 @@
     return writeTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeEnum);
 }
 template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
+status_t Parcel::writeEnumVector(const std::optional<std::vector<T>>& val) {
+    return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeEnum);
+}
+template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
 status_t Parcel::writeEnumVector(const std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>& val) {
     return writeNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::writeEnum);
 }
@@ -1053,6 +1282,17 @@
     return readByteVectorInternal(val, size);
 }
 template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
+status_t Parcel::readEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
+    size_t size;
+    if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
+    if (!*val) {
+        // reserveOutVector does not create the out vector if size is < 0.
+        // This occurs when writing a null Enum vector.
+        return OK;
+    }
+    return readByteVectorInternal(&**val, size);
+}
+template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
 status_t Parcel::readEnumVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
     size_t size;
     if (status_t status = reserveOutVector(val, &size); status != OK) return status;
@@ -1068,6 +1308,10 @@
     return readTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readEnum);
 }
 template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
+status_t Parcel::readEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
+    return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readEnum);
+}
+template<typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<typename std::underlying_type_t<T>,int8_t>, bool>>
 status_t Parcel::readEnumVector(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<T>>* val) const {
     return readNullableTypedVector(val, &Parcel::readEnum);
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelFileDescriptor.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelFileDescriptor.h
index 4635ad8..71e1d3c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelFileDescriptor.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelFileDescriptor.h
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
 public:
     ParcelFileDescriptor();
     explicit ParcelFileDescriptor(android::base::unique_fd fd);
-    ParcelFileDescriptor(ParcelFileDescriptor&& other) : mFd(std::move(other.mFd)) { }
+    ParcelFileDescriptor(ParcelFileDescriptor&& other) noexcept : mFd(std::move(other.mFd)) { }
+    ParcelFileDescriptor& operator=(ParcelFileDescriptor&& other) noexcept = default;
     ~ParcelFileDescriptor() override;
 
     int get() const { return mFd.get(); }
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcelable.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcelable.h
index a9166e2..a6e610c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcelable.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcelable.h
@@ -52,6 +52,21 @@
     //
     // Returns android::OK on success and an appropriate error otherwise.
     virtual status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel* parcel) = 0;
+
+    // WARNING: for use by auto-generated code only (AIDL). Should not be used
+    // manually, or there is a risk of breaking CTS, GTS, VTS, or CTS-on-GSI
+    // tests.
+    enum class Stability : int32_t {
+        STABILITY_LOCAL,
+        STABILITY_VINTF, // corresponds to @VintfStability
+    };
+
+    // 'Stable' means this parcelable is guaranteed to be stable for multiple
+    // years.
+    // It must be guaranteed by setting stability field in aidl_interface.
+    // WARNING: getStability() is only expected to be overridden by auto-generated
+    // code. Returns true if this parcelable is stable.
+    virtual Stability getStability() const { return Stability::STABILITY_LOCAL; }
 };  // class Parcelable
 
 #if defined(__clang__)
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6814aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/Parcelable.h>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace os {
+/*
+ * C++ implementation of the Java class android.os.ParcelableHolder
+ */
+class ParcelableHolder : public android::Parcelable {
+public:
+    ParcelableHolder() = delete;
+    explicit ParcelableHolder(Stability stability) : mStability(stability){};
+    virtual ~ParcelableHolder() = default;
+    ParcelableHolder(const ParcelableHolder& other) {
+        mParcelable = other.mParcelable;
+        mParcelableName = other.mParcelableName;
+        if (other.mParcelPtr) {
+            mParcelPtr = std::make_unique<Parcel>();
+            mParcelPtr->appendFrom(other.mParcelPtr.get(), 0, other.mParcelPtr->dataSize());
+        }
+        mStability = other.mStability;
+    };
+
+    status_t writeToParcel(Parcel* parcel) const override;
+    status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel* parcel) override;
+
+    void reset() {
+        this->mParcelable = nullptr;
+        this->mParcelableName = std::nullopt;
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    bool setParcelable(T&& p) {
+        using Tt = typename std::decay<T>::type;
+        return setParcelable<Tt>(std::make_shared<Tt>(std::forward<T>(p)));
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    bool setParcelable(std::shared_ptr<T> p) {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mMutex);
+        static_assert(std::is_base_of<Parcelable, T>::value, "T must be derived from Parcelable");
+        if (p && this->getStability() > p->getStability()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        this->mParcelable = p;
+        this->mParcelableName = T::getParcelableDescriptor();
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    std::shared_ptr<T> getParcelable() const {
+        static_assert(std::is_base_of<Parcelable, T>::value, "T must be derived from Parcelable");
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mMutex);
+        const std::string& parcelableDesc = T::getParcelableDescriptor();
+        if (!this->mParcelPtr) {
+            if (!this->mParcelable || !this->mParcelableName) {
+                ALOGD("empty ParcelableHolder");
+                return nullptr;
+            } else if (parcelableDesc != *mParcelableName) {
+                ALOGD("extension class name mismatch expected:%s actual:%s",
+                      mParcelableName->c_str(), parcelableDesc.c_str());
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+            return std::shared_ptr<T>(mParcelable, reinterpret_cast<T*>(mParcelable.get()));
+        }
+        this->mParcelPtr->setDataPosition(0);
+        status_t status = this->mParcelPtr->readUtf8FromUtf16(&this->mParcelableName);
+        if (status != android::OK || parcelableDesc != this->mParcelableName) {
+            this->mParcelableName = std::nullopt;
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        this->mParcelable = std::make_shared<T>();
+        status = mParcelable.get()->readFromParcel(this->mParcelPtr.get());
+        if (status != android::OK) {
+            this->mParcelableName = std::nullopt;
+            this->mParcelable = nullptr;
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        this->mParcelPtr = nullptr;
+        return std::shared_ptr<T>(mParcelable, reinterpret_cast<T*>(mParcelable.get()));
+    }
+
+    Stability getStability() const override { return mStability; };
+
+    inline bool operator!=(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) !=
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+    inline bool operator<(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) <
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+    inline bool operator<=(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) <=
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+    inline bool operator==(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) ==
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+    inline bool operator>(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) >
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+    inline bool operator>=(const ParcelableHolder& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(mParcelable, mParcelPtr, mStability) >=
+                std::tie(rhs.mParcelable, rhs.mParcelPtr, rhs.mStability);
+    }
+
+private:
+    mutable std::shared_ptr<Parcelable> mParcelable;
+    mutable std::optional<std::string> mParcelableName;
+    mutable std::unique_ptr<Parcel> mParcelPtr;
+    Stability mStability;
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+};
+} // namespace os
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
index e57ff1c..efb95f4 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
@@ -42,20 +42,16 @@
      * any call to ProcessState::self(). The default is /dev/vndbinder
      * for processes built with the VNDK and /dev/binder for those
      * which are not.
+     *
+     * If this is called with nullptr, the behavior is the same as selfOrNull.
      */
     static  sp<ProcessState>    initWithDriver(const char *driver);
 
             sp<IBinder>         getContextObject(const sp<IBinder>& caller);
 
             void                startThreadPool();
-                        
-    typedef bool (*context_check_func)(const String16& name,
-                                       const sp<IBinder>& caller,
-                                       void* userData);
 
-            bool                becomeContextManager(
-                                    context_check_func checkFunc,
-                                    void* userData);
+            bool                becomeContextManager();
 
             sp<IBinder>         getStrongProxyForHandle(int32_t handle);
             void                expungeHandle(int32_t handle, IBinder* binder);
@@ -90,6 +86,8 @@
             void setCallRestriction(CallRestriction restriction);
 
 private:
+    static  sp<ProcessState>    init(const char *defaultDriver, bool requireDefault);
+
     friend class IPCThreadState;
     
             explicit            ProcessState(const char* driver);
@@ -124,9 +122,6 @@
 
             Vector<handle_entry>mHandleToObject;
 
-            context_check_func  mBinderContextCheckFunc;
-            void*               mBinderContextUserData;
-
             String8             mRootDir;
             bool                mThreadPoolStarted;
     volatile int32_t            mThreadPoolSeq;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Stability.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Stability.h
index 2894482..6566285 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Stability.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Stability.h
@@ -81,11 +81,8 @@
         VINTF = 0b111111,
     };
 
-#if defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__) && !defined(__ANDROID_APEX__)
-    static constexpr Level kLocalStability = Level::VENDOR;
-#else
-    static constexpr Level kLocalStability = Level::SYSTEM;
-#endif
+    // returns the stability according to how this was built
+    static Level getLocalStability();
 
     // applies stability to binder if stability level is known
     __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/TextOutput.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/TextOutput.h
index f66406f..c7e1e14 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/TextOutput.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/TextOutput.h
@@ -50,12 +50,18 @@
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+// DO NOT USE: prefer libutils/libbase logs, which don't require static data to
+// be allocated.
 // Text output stream for printing to the log (via utils/Log.h).
 extern TextOutput& alog;
 
+// DO NOT USE: prefer libutils/libbase logs, which don't require static data to
+// be allocated.
 // Text output stream for printing to stdout.
 extern TextOutput& aout;
 
+// DO NOT USE: prefer libutils/libbase logs, which don't require static data to
+// be allocated.
 // Text output stream for printing to stderr.
 extern TextOutput& aerr;
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp b/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
index b37db43..4fd0657 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
     host_supported: true,
 
     export_include_dirs: [
+        "include_cpp",
         "include_ndk",
         "include_platform",
     ],
@@ -101,6 +102,17 @@
     license: "NOTICE",
 }
 
+// TODO(b/160624671): package with the aidl compiler
+ndk_headers {
+    name: "libbinder_ndk_helper_headers",
+    from: "include_cpp/android",
+    to: "android",
+    srcs: [
+        "include_cpp/android/*.h",
+    ],
+    license: "NOTICE",
+}
+
 ndk_library {
     name: "libbinder_ndk",
     symbol_file: "libbinder_ndk.map.txt",
@@ -111,6 +123,7 @@
     name: "libbinder_ndk",
     symbol_file: "libbinder_ndk.map.txt",
     export_include_dirs: [
+        "include_cpp",
         "include_ndk",
         "include_platform",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
index 919150d..6995e77 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <android/binder_context.h>
 #include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder_platform.h>
 #include "ibinder_internal.h"
 
 #include <android/binder_stability.h>
@@ -99,8 +101,14 @@
 
     String8 descriptor(getBinder()->getInterfaceDescriptor());
     if (descriptor != newDescriptor) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Expecting binder to have class '" << newDescriptor.c_str()
-                   << "' but descriptor is actually '" << descriptor.c_str() << "'.";
+        if (getBinder()->isBinderAlive()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Expecting binder to have class '" << newDescriptor.c_str()
+                       << "' but descriptor is actually '" << descriptor.c_str() << "'.";
+        } else {
+            // b/155793159
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Cannot associate class '" << newDescriptor.c_str()
+                       << "' to dead binder.";
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -161,7 +169,7 @@
 
         binder_status_t status = getClass()->onTransact(this, code, &in, &out);
         return PruneStatusT(status);
-    } else if (code == SHELL_COMMAND_TRANSACTION && getClass()->handleShellCommand != nullptr) {
+    } else if (code == SHELL_COMMAND_TRANSACTION) {
         int in = data.readFileDescriptor();
         int out = data.readFileDescriptor();
         int err = data.readFileDescriptor();
@@ -676,3 +684,29 @@
     rawBinder->setExtension(ext->getBinder());
     return STATUS_OK;
 }
+
+// platform methods follow
+
+void AIBinder_setRequestingSid(AIBinder* binder, bool requestingSid) {
+    ABBinder* localBinder = binder->asABBinder();
+    if (localBinder == nullptr) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "AIBinder_setRequestingSid must be called on a local binder";
+    }
+
+    localBinder->setRequestingSid(requestingSid);
+}
+
+const char* AIBinder_getCallingSid() {
+    return ::android::IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingSid();
+}
+
+android::sp<android::IBinder> AIBinder_toPlatformBinder(AIBinder* binder) {
+    if (binder == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    return binder->getBinder();
+}
+
+AIBinder* AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder(const android::sp<android::IBinder>& binder) {
+    sp<AIBinder> ndkBinder = ABpBinder::lookupOrCreateFromBinder(binder);
+    AIBinder_incStrong(ndkBinder.get());
+    return ndkBinder.get();
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
index 902fe79..5779427 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
@@ -110,13 +110,13 @@
     const ::android::String16& getInterfaceDescriptor() const { return mInterfaceDescriptor; }
 
     // required to be non-null, implemented for every class
-    const AIBinder_Class_onCreate onCreate = nullptr;
-    const AIBinder_Class_onDestroy onDestroy = nullptr;
-    const AIBinder_Class_onTransact onTransact = nullptr;
+    const AIBinder_Class_onCreate onCreate;
+    const AIBinder_Class_onDestroy onDestroy;
+    const AIBinder_Class_onTransact onTransact;
 
     // optional methods for a class
-    AIBinder_onDump onDump = nullptr;
-    AIBinder_handleShellCommand handleShellCommand = nullptr;
+    AIBinder_onDump onDump;
+    AIBinder_handleShellCommand handleShellCommand;
 
    private:
     // This must be a String16 since BBinder virtual getInterfaceDescriptor returns a reference to
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_auto_utils.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_auto_utils.h
similarity index 96%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_auto_utils.h
rename to libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_auto_utils.h
index 2b61cf1..f59bb75 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_auto_utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_auto_utils.h
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@
     explicit ScopedAParcel(AParcel* a = nullptr) : ScopedAResource(a) {}
     ~ScopedAParcel() {}
     ScopedAParcel(ScopedAParcel&&) = default;
+    ScopedAParcel& operator=(ScopedAParcel&&) = default;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -273,6 +274,7 @@
         : ScopedAResource(a) {}
     ~ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient() {}
     ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient(ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient&&) = default;
+    ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient& operator=(ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient&&) = default;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -287,6 +289,7 @@
     explicit ScopedAIBinder_Weak(AIBinder_Weak* a = nullptr) : ScopedAResource(a) {}
     ~ScopedAIBinder_Weak() {}
     ScopedAIBinder_Weak(ScopedAIBinder_Weak&&) = default;
+    ScopedAIBinder_Weak& operator=(ScopedAIBinder_Weak&&) = default;
 
     /**
      * See AIBinder_Weak_promote.
@@ -305,6 +308,7 @@
     explicit ScopedFileDescriptor(int a = -1) : ScopedAResource(a) {}
     ~ScopedFileDescriptor() {}
     ScopedFileDescriptor(ScopedFileDescriptor&&) = default;
+    ScopedFileDescriptor& operator=(ScopedFileDescriptor&&) = default;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ndk
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_enums.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_enums.h
similarity index 100%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_enums.h
rename to libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_enums.h
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_interface_utils.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
similarity index 96%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_interface_utils.h
rename to libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
index 33e4586..f44ce0c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_interface_utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
@@ -88,13 +88,21 @@
 
     static void operator delete(void* p) { std::free(p); }
 
+    // Once minSdkVersion is 30, we are guaranteed to be building with the
+    // Android 11 AIDL compiler which supports the SharedRefBase::make API.
+    //
+    // Use 'SharedRefBase::make<T>(...)' to make. SharedRefBase has implicit
+    // ownership. Making this operator private to avoid double-ownership.
+#if !defined(__ANDROID_API__) || __ANDROID_API__ >= 30
+   private:
+#else
+    [[deprecated("Prefer SharedRefBase::make<T>(...) if possible.")]]
+#endif
+    static void* operator new(size_t s) { return std::malloc(s); }
+
    private:
     std::once_flag mFlagThis;
     std::weak_ptr<SharedRefBase> mThis;
-
-    // Use 'SharedRefBase::make<T>(...)' to make. SharedRefBase has implicit
-    // ownership. Making this operator private to avoid double-ownership.
-    static void* operator new(size_t s) { return std::malloc(s); }
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
similarity index 98%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
rename to libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
index df5df13..09949ea 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
@@ -831,34 +831,34 @@
 }
 
 /**
- * Writes a vector of int8_t to the next location in a non-null parcel.
+ * Writes a vector of uint8_t to the next location in a non-null parcel.
  */
-inline binder_status_t AParcel_writeVector(AParcel* parcel, const std::vector<int8_t>& vec) {
-    return AParcel_writeByteArray(parcel, vec.data(), vec.size());
+inline binder_status_t AParcel_writeVector(AParcel* parcel, const std::vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+    return AParcel_writeByteArray(parcel, reinterpret_cast<const int8_t*>(vec.data()), vec.size());
 }
 
 /**
- * Writes an optional vector of int8_t to the next location in a non-null parcel.
+ * Writes an optional vector of uint8_t to the next location in a non-null parcel.
  */
 inline binder_status_t AParcel_writeVector(AParcel* parcel,
-                                           const std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>& vec) {
+                                           const std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>& vec) {
     if (!vec) return AParcel_writeByteArray(parcel, nullptr, -1);
     return AParcel_writeVector(parcel, *vec);
 }
 
 /**
- * Reads a vector of int8_t from the next location in a non-null parcel.
+ * Reads a vector of uint8_t from the next location in a non-null parcel.
  */
-inline binder_status_t AParcel_readVector(const AParcel* parcel, std::vector<int8_t>* vec) {
+inline binder_status_t AParcel_readVector(const AParcel* parcel, std::vector<uint8_t>* vec) {
     void* vectorData = static_cast<void*>(vec);
     return AParcel_readByteArray(parcel, vectorData, AParcel_stdVectorAllocator<int8_t>);
 }
 
 /**
- * Reads an optional vector of int8_t from the next location in a non-null parcel.
+ * Reads an optional vector of uint8_t from the next location in a non-null parcel.
  */
 inline binder_status_t AParcel_readVector(const AParcel* parcel,
-                                          std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>* vec) {
+                                          std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>* vec) {
     void* vectorData = static_cast<void*>(vec);
     return AParcel_readByteArray(parcel, vectorData, AParcel_nullableStdVectorAllocator<int8_t>);
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
index 4560f22..33763d5 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
@@ -407,6 +408,8 @@
  * This returns true if the class association succeeds. If it fails, no change is made to the
  * binder object.
  *
+ * Warning: this may fail if the binder is dead.
+ *
  * Available since API level 29.
  *
  * \param binder the object to attach the class to.
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
index 86b75b8..a031e29 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_status.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_status.h
index ab9a144..3a55f94 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_status.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_status.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_context.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_context.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a99d555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_context.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
+
+__BEGIN_DECLS
+
+/**
+ * Makes calls to AIBinder_getCallingSid work if the kernel supports it. This
+ * must be called on a local binder server before it is sent out to any othe
+ * process. If this is a remote binder, it will abort. If the kernel doesn't
+ * support this feature, you'll always get null from AIBinder_getCallingSid.
+ *
+ * \param binder local server binder to request security contexts on
+ */
+__attribute__((weak)) void AIBinder_setRequestingSid(AIBinder* binder, bool requestingSid)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the selinux context of the callee.
+ *
+ * In order for this to work, the following conditions must be met:
+ * - The kernel must be new enough to support this feature.
+ * - The server must have called AIBinder_setRequestingSid.
+ * - The callee must be a remote process.
+ *
+ * \return security context or null if unavailable. The lifetime of this context
+ * is the lifetime of the transaction.
+ */
+__attribute__((weak, warn_unused_result)) const char* AIBinder_getCallingSid() __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
+__END_DECLS
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_ibinder_platform.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_ibinder_platform.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2af65cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_ibinder_platform.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+// binder_context.h used to be part of this header and is included for backwards
+// compatibility.
+#include <android/binder_context.h>
+
+#if !defined(__ANDROID_APEX__) && !defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__)
+
+#include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
+#include <binder/IBinder.h>
+
+/**
+ * Get libbinder version of binder from AIBinder.
+ *
+ * WARNING: function calls to a local object on the other side of this function
+ * will parcel. When converting between binders, keep in mind it is not as
+ * efficient as a direct function call.
+ *
+ * \param binder binder with ownership retained by the client
+ * \return platform binder object
+ */
+android::sp<android::IBinder> AIBinder_toPlatformBinder(AIBinder* binder);
+
+/**
+ * Get libbinder_ndk version of binder from platform binder.
+ *
+ * WARNING: function calls to a local object on the other side of this function
+ * will parcel. When converting between binders, keep in mind it is not as
+ * efficient as a direct function call.
+ *
+ * \param binder platform binder which may be from anywhere (doesn't have to be
+ * created with libbinder_ndK)
+ * \return binder with one reference count of ownership given to the client. See
+ * AIBinder_decStrong
+ */
+AIBinder* AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder(const android::sp<android::IBinder>& binder);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_manager.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_manager.h
index 055c79b..2784aa8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_manager.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_manager.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
 #include <android/binder_status.h>
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
 
@@ -28,9 +29,9 @@
  * \param binder object to register globally with the service manager.
  * \param instance identifier of the service. This will be used to lookup the service.
  *
- * \return STATUS_OK on success.
+ * \return EX_NONE on success.
  */
-binder_status_t AServiceManager_addService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance);
+binder_exception_t AServiceManager_addService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance);
 
 /**
  * Gets a binder object with this specific instance name. Will return nullptr immediately if the
@@ -50,4 +51,47 @@
  */
 __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) AIBinder* AServiceManager_getService(const char* instance);
 
+/**
+ * Registers a lazy service with the default service manager under the 'instance' name.
+ * Does not take ownership of binder.
+ * The service must be configured statically with init so it can be restarted with
+ * ctl.interface.* messages from servicemanager.
+ * AServiceManager_registerLazyService cannot safely be used with AServiceManager_addService
+ * in the same process. If one service is registered with AServiceManager_registerLazyService,
+ * the entire process will have its lifetime controlled by servicemanager.
+ * Instead, all services in the process should be registered using
+ * AServiceManager_registerLazyService.
+ *
+ * \param binder object to register globally with the service manager.
+ * \param instance identifier of the service. This will be used to lookup the service.
+ *
+ * \return STATUS_OK on success.
+ */
+binder_status_t AServiceManager_registerLazyService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
+/**
+ * Gets a binder object with this specific instance name. Efficiently waits for the service.
+ * If the service is not declared, it will wait indefinitely. Requires the threadpool
+ * to be started in the service.
+ * This also implicitly calls AIBinder_incStrong (so the caller of this function is responsible
+ * for calling AIBinder_decStrong).
+ *
+ * \param instance identifier of the service used to lookup the service.
+ *
+ * \return service if registered, null if not.
+ */
+__attribute__((warn_unused_result)) AIBinder* AServiceManager_waitForService(const char* instance)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
+/**
+ * Check if a service is declared (e.g. VINTF manifest).
+ *
+ * \param instance identifier of the service.
+ *
+ * \return true on success, meaning AServiceManager_waitForService should always
+ *    be able to return the service.
+ */
+bool AServiceManager_isDeclared(const char* instance) __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
 __END_DECLS
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_parcel_platform.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_parcel_platform.h
index ac46cb8..114a781 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_parcel_platform.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_parcel_platform.h
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
 
+#if defined(__ANDROID_APEX__) || defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__)
+#error this is only for platform code
+#endif
+
 /**
  * Gets whether or not FDs are allowed by this AParcel
  *
@@ -29,4 +33,4 @@
  */
 bool AParcel_getAllowFds(const AParcel*);
 
-__END_DECLS
\ No newline at end of file
+__END_DECLS
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_process.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_process.h
index fdefbb4..f408fad 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_process.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_process.h
@@ -19,10 +19,15 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
+#include <android/binder_status.h>
+
 __BEGIN_DECLS
 
 /**
  * This creates a threadpool for incoming binder transactions if it has not already been created.
+ *
+ * When using this, it is expected that ABinderProcess_setupPolling and
+ * ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands are not used.
  */
 void ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
 /**
@@ -37,4 +42,27 @@
  */
 void ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
 
+/**
+ * This gives you an fd to wait on. Whenever data is available on the fd,
+ * ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands can be called to handle binder queries.
+ * This is expected to be used in a single threaded process which waits on
+ * events from multiple different fds.
+ *
+ * When using this, it is expected ABinderProcess_startThreadPool and
+ * ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool are not used.
+ *
+ * \param fd out param corresponding to the binder domain opened in this
+ * process.
+ * \return STATUS_OK on success
+ */
+__attribute__((weak)) binder_status_t ABinderProcess_setupPolling(int* fd) __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
+/**
+ * This will handle all queued binder commands in this process and then return.
+ * It is expected to be called whenever there is data on the fd.
+ *
+ * \return STATUS_OK on success
+ */
+__attribute__((weak)) binder_status_t ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands() __INTRODUCED_IN(31);
+
 __END_DECLS
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
index a9eba47..1701fb5 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@
     AServiceManager_addService; # apex llndk
     AServiceManager_checkService; # apex llndk
     AServiceManager_getService; # apex llndk
-  local:
-    *;
 };
 
 LIBBINDER_NDK30 { # introduced=30
@@ -111,11 +109,26 @@
     AIBinder_markVendorStability; # llndk
     AIBinder_markVintfStability; # apex llndk
     AIBinder_Class_setHandleShellCommand; # apex llndk
-  local:
-    *;
+};
+
+LIBBINDER_NDK31 { # introduced=31
+  global:
+    ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands; # apex
+    ABinderProcess_setupPolling; # apex
+    AIBinder_getCallingSid; # apex
+    AIBinder_setRequestingSid; # apex
+    AServiceManager_isDeclared; # apex llndk
+    AServiceManager_registerLazyService; # llndk
+    AServiceManager_waitForService; # apex llndk
 };
 
 LIBBINDER_NDK_PLATFORM {
   global:
     AParcel_getAllowFds;
+    extern "C++" {
+        AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder*;
+        AIBinder_toPlatformBinder*;
+    };
+  local:
+    *;
 };
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/process.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/process.cpp
index c89caaf..ac582a4 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/process.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/process.cpp
@@ -34,3 +34,11 @@
 void ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool() {
     IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool();
 }
+
+binder_status_t ABinderProcess_setupPolling(int* fd) {
+    return IPCThreadState::self()->setupPolling(fd);
+}
+
+binder_status_t ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands() {
+    return IPCThreadState::self()->handlePolledCommands();
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/service_manager.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/service_manager.cpp
index d0b166d..c782d47 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/service_manager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/service_manager.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "status_internal.h"
 
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h>
 
 using ::android::defaultServiceManager;
 using ::android::IBinder;
@@ -28,14 +29,14 @@
 using ::android::status_t;
 using ::android::String16;
 
-binder_status_t AServiceManager_addService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance) {
+binder_exception_t AServiceManager_addService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance) {
     if (binder == nullptr || instance == nullptr) {
-        return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
+        return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
 
     sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
-    status_t status = sm->addService(String16(instance), binder->getBinder());
-    return PruneStatusT(status);
+    status_t exception = sm->addService(String16(instance), binder->getBinder());
+    return PruneException(exception);
 }
 AIBinder* AServiceManager_checkService(const char* instance) {
     if (instance == nullptr) {
@@ -61,3 +62,33 @@
     AIBinder_incStrong(ret.get());
     return ret.get();
 }
+binder_status_t AServiceManager_registerLazyService(AIBinder* binder, const char* instance) {
+    if (binder == nullptr || instance == nullptr) {
+        return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
+    }
+
+    auto serviceRegistrar = android::binder::LazyServiceRegistrar::getInstance();
+    status_t status = serviceRegistrar.registerService(binder->getBinder(), instance);
+
+    return PruneStatusT(status);
+}
+AIBinder* AServiceManager_waitForService(const char* instance) {
+    if (instance == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
+    sp<IBinder> binder = sm->waitForService(String16(instance));
+
+    sp<AIBinder> ret = ABpBinder::lookupOrCreateFromBinder(binder);
+    AIBinder_incStrong(ret.get());
+    return ret.get();
+}
+bool AServiceManager_isDeclared(const char* instance) {
+    if (instance == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
+    return sm->isDeclared(String16(instance));
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/status.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/status.cpp
index 87e1341..d889593 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/status.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/status.cpp
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@
             return STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
 
         default:
-            LOG(WARNING) << __func__
-                         << ": Unknown status_t pruned into STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR: " << status;
+            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Unknown status_t (" << status
+                         << ") pruned into STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR";
             return STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
     }
 }
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@
             return EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED;
 
         default:
-            LOG(WARNING) << __func__
-                         << ": Unknown status_t pruned into EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED: " << exception;
+            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": Unknown binder exception (" << exception
+                         << ") pruned into EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED";
             return EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED;
     }
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/Android.bp b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
similarity index 91%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/Android.bp
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
index 5f5265c..46e6270 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "test_libbinder_ndk_test_defaults",
     defaults: ["test_libbinder_ndk_defaults"],
+    // critical that libbinder/libbinder_ndk are shared for VTS
     shared_libs: [
         "libandroid_runtime_lazy",
         "libbase",
@@ -63,11 +64,8 @@
         "IBinderNdkUnitTest-cpp",
         "IBinderNdkUnitTest-ndk_platform",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts"],
     require_root: true,
-
-    // force since binderVendorDoubleLoadTest has its own
-    auto_gen_config: true,
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -81,13 +79,15 @@
         "IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest-ndk_platform",
         "libbinder_aidl_test_stub-ndk_platform",
     ],
+    // critical that libbinder/libbinder_ndk are shared for VTS
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder",
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "libutils",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts"],
+    require_root: true,
 }
 
 aidl_interface {
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl
similarity index 93%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl
index 6e8e463..dc77467d 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/IBinderNdkUnitTest.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
 import IEmpty;
 
 interface IBinderNdkUnitTest {
+    int repeatInt(int a);
+
     void takeInterface(IEmpty test);
     void forceFlushCommands();
+
+    boolean getsRequestedSid();
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest.aidl b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest.aidl
similarity index 100%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest.aidl
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest.aidl
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/IEmpty.aidl b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/IEmpty.aidl
similarity index 100%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/IEmpty.aidl
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/IEmpty.aidl
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/binderVendorDoubleLoadTest.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/binderVendorDoubleLoadTest.cpp
similarity index 100%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/binderVendorDoubleLoadTest.cpp
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/binderVendorDoubleLoadTest.cpp
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/iface.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/iface.cpp
similarity index 94%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/iface.cpp
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/iface.cpp
index a588985..64832f3 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/iface.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/iface.cpp
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
     AIBinder_Weak_delete(mWeakBinder);
 }
 
-AIBinder* IFoo::getBinder() {
+binder_status_t IFoo::addService(const char* instance) {
     AIBinder* binder = nullptr;
 
     if (mWeakBinder != nullptr) {
@@ -132,18 +132,8 @@
             AIBinder_Weak_delete(mWeakBinder);
         }
         mWeakBinder = AIBinder_Weak_new(binder);
-
-        // WARNING: it is important that this class does not implement debug or
-        // shell functions because it does not use special C++ wrapper
-        // functions, and so this is how we test those functions.
     }
 
-    return binder;
-}
-
-binder_status_t IFoo::addService(const char* instance) {
-    AIBinder* binder = getBinder();
-
     binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(binder, instance);
     // Strong references we care about kept by remote process
     AIBinder_decStrong(binder);
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/include/iface/iface.h b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/include/iface/iface.h
similarity index 94%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/include/iface/iface.h
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/include/iface/iface.h
index d9dd64b..cdf5493 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/include/iface/iface.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/include/iface/iface.h
@@ -30,9 +30,6 @@
 
     static AIBinder_Class* kClass;
 
-    // binder representing this interface with one reference count
-    AIBinder* getBinder();
-
     // Takes ownership of IFoo
     binder_status_t addService(const char* instance);
     static ::android::sp<IFoo> getService(const char* instance, AIBinder** outBinder = nullptr);
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp
similarity index 68%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp
rename to libs/binder/ndk/tests/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp
index aaf36b9..44d8ebf 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp
@@ -18,11 +18,14 @@
 #include <aidl/BnBinderNdkUnitTest.h>
 #include <aidl/BnEmpty.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_context.h>
 #include <android/binder_ibinder_jni.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder_platform.h>
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
 #include <android/binder_process.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <iface/iface.h>
+#include <utils/Looper.h>
 
 // warning: this is assuming that libbinder_ndk is using the same copy
 // of libbinder that we are.
@@ -34,14 +37,20 @@
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
+#include <iostream>
 #include <mutex>
 
 using namespace android;
 
 constexpr char kExistingNonNdkService[] = "SurfaceFlinger";
 constexpr char kBinderNdkUnitTestService[] = "BinderNdkUnitTest";
+constexpr char kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService[] = "LazyBinderNdkUnitTest";
 
 class MyBinderNdkUnitTest : public aidl::BnBinderNdkUnitTest {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus repeatInt(int32_t in, int32_t* out) {
+        *out = in;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
     ndk::ScopedAStatus takeInterface(const std::shared_ptr<aidl::IEmpty>& empty) {
         (void)empty;
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -52,6 +61,12 @@
         android::IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getsRequestedSid(bool* out) {
+        const char* sid = AIBinder_getCallingSid();
+        std::cout << "Got security context: " << (sid ?: "null") << std::endl;
+        *out = sid != nullptr;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
     binder_status_t handleShellCommand(int /*in*/, int out, int /*err*/, const char** args,
                                        uint32_t numArgs) override {
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
@@ -66,11 +81,15 @@
     ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
 
     auto service = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<MyBinderNdkUnitTest>();
-    binder_status_t status =
-            AServiceManager_addService(service->asBinder().get(), kBinderNdkUnitTestService);
+    auto binder = service->asBinder();
 
-    if (status != STATUS_OK) {
-        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register: " << status << " " << kBinderNdkUnitTestService;
+    AIBinder_setRequestingSid(binder.get(), true);
+
+    binder_exception_t exception =
+            AServiceManager_addService(binder.get(), kBinderNdkUnitTestService);
+
+    if (exception != EX_NONE) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register: " << exception << " " << kBinderNdkUnitTestService;
     }
 
     ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
@@ -92,12 +111,53 @@
     }
 };
 
-int manualService(const char* instance) {
-    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
-
+void manualService(const char* instance) {
     // Strong reference to MyFoo kept by service manager.
-    binder_status_t status = (new MyFoo)->addService(instance);
+    binder_exception_t exception = (new MyFoo)->addService(instance);
 
+    if (exception != EX_NONE) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register: " << exception << " " << instance;
+    }
+}
+int manualPollingService(const char* instance) {
+    int fd;
+    CHECK(STATUS_OK == ABinderProcess_setupPolling(&fd));
+    manualService(instance);
+
+    class Handler : public LooperCallback {
+        int handleEvent(int /*fd*/, int /*events*/, void* /*data*/) override {
+            ABinderProcess_handlePolledCommands();
+            return 1;  // Continue receiving callbacks.
+        }
+    };
+
+    sp<Looper> looper = Looper::prepare(0 /* opts */);
+    looper->addFd(fd, Looper::POLL_CALLBACK, Looper::EVENT_INPUT, new Handler(), nullptr /*data*/);
+    // normally, would add additional fds
+    while (true) {
+        looper->pollAll(-1 /* timeoutMillis */);
+    }
+    return 1;  // should not reach
+}
+int manualThreadPoolService(const char* instance) {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    manualService(instance);
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int lazyService(const char* instance) {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    // Wait to register this service to make sure the main test process will
+    // actually wait for the service to be available. Tested with sleep(60),
+    // and reduced for sake of time.
+    sleep(1);
+    // Strong reference to MyBinderNdkUnitTest kept by service manager.
+    // This is just for testing, it has no corresponding init behavior.
+    auto service = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<MyBinderNdkUnitTest>();
+    auto binder = service->asBinder();
+
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_registerLazyService(binder.get(), instance);
     if (status != STATUS_OK) {
         LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register: " << status << " " << instance;
     }
@@ -107,11 +167,10 @@
     return 1;  // should not return
 }
 
-// This is too slow
-// TEST(NdkBinder, GetServiceThatDoesntExist) {
-//     sp<IFoo> foo = IFoo::getService("asdfghkl;");
-//     EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, foo.get());
-// }
+TEST(NdkBinder, GetServiceThatDoesntExist) {
+    sp<IFoo> foo = IFoo::getService("asdfghkl;");
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, foo.get());
+}
 
 TEST(NdkBinder, CheckServiceThatDoesntExist) {
     AIBinder* binder = AServiceManager_checkService("asdfghkl;");
@@ -126,26 +185,6 @@
     AIBinder_decStrong(binder);
 }
 
-TEST(NdkBinder, UnimplementedDump) {
-    sp<IFoo> foo = IFoo::getService(IFoo::kSomeInstanceName);
-    ASSERT_NE(foo, nullptr);
-    AIBinder* binder = foo->getBinder();
-    EXPECT_EQ(OK, AIBinder_dump(binder, STDOUT_FILENO, nullptr, 0));
-    AIBinder_decStrong(binder);
-}
-
-TEST(NdkBinder, UnimplementedShell) {
-    // libbinder_ndk doesn't support calling shell, so we are calling from the
-    // libbinder across processes to the NDK service which doesn't implement
-    // shell
-    static const sp<android::IServiceManager> sm(android::defaultServiceManager());
-    sp<IBinder> testService = sm->getService(String16(IFoo::kSomeInstanceName));
-
-    Vector<String16> argsVec;
-    EXPECT_EQ(OK, IBinder::shellCommand(testService, STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO,
-                                        argsVec, nullptr, nullptr));
-}
-
 TEST(NdkBinder, DoubleNumber) {
     sp<IFoo> foo = IFoo::getService(IFoo::kSomeInstanceName);
     ASSERT_NE(foo, nullptr);
@@ -155,6 +194,33 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(2, out);
 }
 
+TEST(NdkBinder, GetLazyService) {
+    // Not declared in the vintf manifest
+    ASSERT_FALSE(AServiceManager_isDeclared(kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService));
+    ndk::SpAIBinder binder(AServiceManager_waitForService(kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService));
+    std::shared_ptr<aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest> service =
+            aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest::fromBinder(binder);
+    ASSERT_NE(service, nullptr);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, AIBinder_ping(binder.get()));
+}
+
+// This is too slow
+TEST(NdkBinder, CheckLazyServiceShutDown) {
+    ndk::SpAIBinder binder(AServiceManager_waitForService(kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService));
+    std::shared_ptr<aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest> service =
+            aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest::fromBinder(binder);
+    ASSERT_NE(service, nullptr);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, AIBinder_ping(binder.get()));
+    binder = nullptr;
+    service = nullptr;
+    IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
+    // Make sure the service is dead after some time of no use
+    sleep(10);
+    ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, AServiceManager_checkService(kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService));
+}
+
 void LambdaOnDeath(void* cookie) {
     auto onDeath = static_cast<std::function<void(void)>*>(cookie);
     (*onDeath)();
@@ -238,11 +304,20 @@
     }
 };
 
+TEST(NdkBinder, AddNullService) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, AServiceManager_addService(nullptr, "any-service-name"));
+}
+
+TEST(NdkBinder, AddInvalidServiceName) {
+    sp<IFoo> foo = new MyTestFoo;
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, foo->addService("!@#$%^&"));
+}
+
 TEST(NdkBinder, GetServiceInProcess) {
     static const char* kInstanceName = "test-get-service-in-process";
 
     sp<IFoo> foo = new MyTestFoo;
-    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, foo->addService(kInstanceName));
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_NONE, foo->addService(kInstanceName));
 
     sp<IFoo> getFoo = IFoo::getService(kInstanceName);
     EXPECT_EQ(foo.get(), getFoo.get());
@@ -289,11 +364,21 @@
     static const char* kInstanceName1 = "test-multi-1";
     static const char* kInstanceName2 = "test-multi-2";
     sp<IFoo> foo = new MyTestFoo;
-    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, foo->addService(kInstanceName1));
-    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, foo->addService(kInstanceName2));
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_NONE, foo->addService(kInstanceName1));
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_NONE, foo->addService(kInstanceName2));
     EXPECT_EQ(IFoo::getService(kInstanceName1), IFoo::getService(kInstanceName2));
 }
 
+TEST(NdkBinder, RequestedSidWorks) {
+    ndk::SpAIBinder binder(AServiceManager_getService(kBinderNdkUnitTestService));
+    std::shared_ptr<aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest> service =
+            aidl::IBinderNdkUnitTest::fromBinder(binder);
+
+    bool gotSid = false;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(service->getsRequestedSid(&gotSid).isOk());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(gotSid);
+}
+
 TEST(NdkBinder, SentAidlBinderCanBeDestroyed) {
     static volatile bool destroyed = false;
     static std::mutex dMutex;
@@ -328,6 +413,30 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(destroyed);
 }
 
+TEST(NdkBinder, ConvertToPlatformBinder) {
+    for (const ndk::SpAIBinder& binder :
+         {// remote
+          ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_getService(kBinderNdkUnitTestService)),
+          // local
+          ndk::SharedRefBase::make<MyBinderNdkUnitTest>()->asBinder()}) {
+        // convert to platform binder
+        EXPECT_NE(binder.get(), nullptr);
+        sp<IBinder> platformBinder = AIBinder_toPlatformBinder(binder.get());
+        EXPECT_NE(platformBinder.get(), nullptr);
+        auto proxy = interface_cast<IBinderNdkUnitTest>(platformBinder);
+        EXPECT_NE(proxy, nullptr);
+
+        // use platform binder
+        int out;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(proxy->repeatInt(4, &out).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(out, 4);
+
+        // convert back
+        ndk::SpAIBinder backBinder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder(platformBinder));
+        EXPECT_EQ(backBinder.get(), binder.get());
+    }
+}
+
 class MyResultReceiver : public BnResultReceiver {
    public:
     Mutex mMutex;
@@ -419,11 +528,15 @@
 
     if (fork() == 0) {
         prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
-        return manualService(IFoo::kInstanceNameToDieFor);
+        return manualThreadPoolService(IFoo::kInstanceNameToDieFor);
     }
     if (fork() == 0) {
         prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
-        return manualService(IFoo::kSomeInstanceName);
+        return manualPollingService(IFoo::kSomeInstanceName);
+    }
+    if (fork() == 0) {
+        prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
+        return lazyService(kLazyBinderNdkUnitTestService);
     }
     if (fork() == 0) {
         prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp b/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0234820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+rust_library {
+    name: "libbinder_rs",
+    crate_name: "binder",
+    srcs: ["src/lib.rs"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+    rustlibs: [
+        "liblibc",
+        "libbinder_ndk_sys",
+    ],
+    host_supported: true,
+}
+
+rust_library {
+    name: "libbinder_ndk_sys",
+    crate_name: "binder_ndk_sys",
+    srcs: [
+        "sys/lib.rs",
+        ":libbinder_ndk_bindgen",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    host_supported: true,
+}
+
+rust_bindgen {
+    name: "libbinder_ndk_bindgen",
+    crate_name: "binder_ndk_bindgen",
+    wrapper_src: "sys/BinderBindings.h",
+    source_stem: "bindings",
+    cflags: [
+        "-x c++",
+    ],
+    bindgen_flags: [
+        // Unfortunately the only way to specify the rust_non_exhaustive enum
+        // style for a type is to make it the default
+        "--default-enum-style", "rust_non_exhaustive",
+        // and then specify constified enums for the enums we don't want
+        // rustified
+        "--constified-enum", "android::c_interface::consts::.*",
+
+        "--whitelist-type", "android::c_interface::.*",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AStatus",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AIBinder_Class",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AIBinder",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AIBinder_Weak",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AIBinder_DeathRecipient",
+        "--whitelist-type", "AParcel",
+        "--whitelist-type", "binder_status_t",
+        "--whitelist-function", ".*",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    host_supported: true,
+
+    // Currently necessary for host builds
+    // TODO(b/31559095): bionic on host should define this
+    target: {
+        host: {
+            cflags: [
+                "-D__INTRODUCED_IN(n)=",
+                "-D__assert(a,b,c)=",
+                // We want all the APIs to be available on the host.
+                "-D__ANDROID_API__=10000",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "libbinder_rs-internal_test",
+    crate_name: "binder",
+    srcs: ["src/lib.rs"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    rustlibs: [
+        "liblibc",
+        "libbinder_ndk_sys",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/TEST_MAPPING b/libs/binder/rust/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50c474c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "libbinder_rs-internal_test"
+    }
+  ],
+  "postsubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "rustBinderTest"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ceb6ade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,639 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Trait definitions for binder objects
+
+use crate::error::{status_t, Result};
+use crate::parcel::Parcel;
+use crate::proxy::{DeathRecipient, SpIBinder};
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::ffi::{c_void, CString};
+use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
+use std::ptr;
+
+/// Binder action to perform.
+///
+/// This must be a number between [`IBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION`] and
+/// [`IBinder::LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION`].
+pub type TransactionCode = u32;
+
+/// Additional operation flags.
+///
+/// Can be either 0 for a normal RPC, or [`IBinder::FLAG_ONEWAY`] for a
+/// one-way RPC.
+pub type TransactionFlags = u32;
+
+/// Super-trait for Binder interfaces.
+///
+/// This trait allows conversion of a Binder interface trait object into an
+/// IBinder object for IPC calls. All Binder remotable interface (i.e. AIDL
+/// interfaces) must implement this trait.
+///
+/// This is equivalent `IInterface` in C++.
+pub trait Interface {
+    /// Convert this binder object into a generic [`SpIBinder`] reference.
+    fn as_binder(&self) -> SpIBinder {
+        panic!("This object was not a Binder object and cannot be converted into an SpIBinder.")
+    }
+}
+
+/// A local service that can be remotable via Binder.
+///
+/// An object that implement this interface made be made into a Binder service
+/// via `Binder::new(object)`.
+///
+/// This is a low-level interface that should normally be automatically
+/// generated from AIDL via the [`declare_binder_interface!`] macro. When using
+/// the AIDL backend, users need only implement the high-level AIDL-defined
+/// interface. The AIDL compiler then generates a container struct that wraps
+/// the user-defined service and implements `Remotable`.
+pub trait Remotable: Send + Sync {
+    /// The Binder interface descriptor string.
+    ///
+    /// This string is a unique identifier for a Binder interface, and should be
+    /// the same between all implementations of that interface.
+    fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str;
+
+    /// Handle and reply to a request to invoke a transaction on this object.
+    ///
+    /// `reply` may be [`None`] if the sender does not expect a reply.
+    fn on_transact(&self, code: TransactionCode, data: &Parcel, reply: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Retrieve the class of this remote object.
+    ///
+    /// This method should always return the same InterfaceClass for the same
+    /// type.
+    fn get_class() -> InterfaceClass;
+}
+
+/// Interface of binder local or remote objects.
+///
+/// This trait corresponds to the interface of the C++ `IBinder` class.
+pub trait IBinder {
+    /// First transaction code available for user commands (inclusive)
+    const FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION: TransactionCode = sys::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION;
+    /// Last transaction code available for user commands (inclusive)
+    const LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION: TransactionCode = sys::LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION;
+
+    /// Corresponds to TF_ONE_WAY -- an asynchronous call.
+    const FLAG_ONEWAY: TransactionFlags = sys::FLAG_ONEWAY;
+
+    /// Is this object still alive?
+    fn is_binder_alive(&self) -> bool;
+
+    /// Send a ping transaction to this object
+    fn ping_binder(&mut self) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Indicate that the service intends to receive caller security contexts.
+    fn set_requesting_sid(&mut self, enable: bool);
+
+    /// Dump this object to the given file handle
+    fn dump<F: AsRawFd>(&mut self, fp: &F, args: &[&str]) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Get a new interface that exposes additional extension functionality, if
+    /// available.
+    fn get_extension(&mut self) -> Result<Option<SpIBinder>>;
+
+    /// Perform a generic operation with the object.
+    ///
+    /// # Arguments
+    /// * `code` - Transaction code for the operation
+    /// * `data` - [`Parcel`] with input data
+    /// * `reply` - Optional [`Parcel`] for reply data
+    /// * `flags` - Transaction flags, e.g. marking the transaction as
+    /// asynchronous ([`FLAG_ONEWAY`](IBinder::FLAG_ONEWAY))
+    fn transact<F: FnOnce(&mut Parcel) -> Result<()>>(
+        &self,
+        code: TransactionCode,
+        flags: TransactionFlags,
+        input_callback: F,
+    ) -> Result<Parcel>;
+
+    /// Register the recipient for a notification if this binder
+    /// goes away. If this binder object unexpectedly goes away
+    /// (typically because its hosting process has been killed),
+    /// then DeathRecipient::binder_died() will be called with a reference
+    /// to this.
+    ///
+    /// You will only receive death notifications for remote binders,
+    /// as local binders by definition can't die without you dying as well.
+    /// Trying to use this function on a local binder will result in an
+    /// INVALID_OPERATION code being returned and nothing happening.
+    ///
+    /// This link always holds a weak reference to its recipient.
+    ///
+    /// You will only receive a weak reference to the dead
+    /// binder. You should not try to promote this to a strong reference.
+    /// (Nor should you need to, as there is nothing useful you can
+    /// directly do with it now that it has passed on.)
+    fn link_to_death(&mut self, recipient: &mut DeathRecipient) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Remove a previously registered death notification.
+    /// The recipient will no longer be called if this object
+    /// dies.
+    fn unlink_to_death(&mut self, recipient: &mut DeathRecipient) -> Result<()>;
+}
+
+/// Opaque reference to the type of a Binder interface.
+///
+/// This object encapsulates the Binder interface descriptor string, along with
+/// the binder transaction callback, if the class describes a local service.
+///
+/// A Binder remotable object may only have a single interface class, and any
+/// given object can only be associated with one class. Two objects with
+/// different classes are incompatible, even if both classes have the same
+/// interface descriptor.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct InterfaceClass(*const sys::AIBinder_Class);
+
+impl InterfaceClass {
+    /// Get a Binder NDK `AIBinder_Class` pointer for this object type.
+    ///
+    /// Note: the returned pointer will not be constant. Calling this method
+    /// multiple times for the same type will result in distinct class
+    /// pointers. A static getter for this value is implemented in
+    /// [`declare_binder_interface!`].
+    pub fn new<I: InterfaceClassMethods>() -> InterfaceClass {
+        let descriptor = CString::new(I::get_descriptor()).unwrap();
+        let ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AIBinder_Class_define` expects a valid C string, and
+            // three valid callback functions, all non-null pointers. The C
+            // string is copied and need not be valid for longer than the call,
+            // so we can drop it after the call. We can safely assign null to
+            // the onDump and handleShellCommand callbacks as long as the class
+            // pointer was non-null. Rust None for a Option<fn> is guaranteed to
+            // be a NULL pointer. Rust retains ownership of the pointer after it
+            // is defined.
+            let class = sys::AIBinder_Class_define(
+                descriptor.as_ptr(),
+                Some(I::on_create),
+                Some(I::on_destroy),
+                Some(I::on_transact),
+            );
+            if class.is_null() {
+                panic!("Expected non-null class pointer from AIBinder_Class_define!");
+            }
+            sys::AIBinder_Class_setOnDump(class, None);
+            sys::AIBinder_Class_setHandleShellCommand(class, None);
+            class
+        };
+        InterfaceClass(ptr)
+    }
+
+    /// Construct an `InterfaceClass` out of a raw, non-null `AIBinder_Class`
+    /// pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This function is safe iff `ptr` is a valid, non-null pointer to an
+    /// `AIBinder_Class`.
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: *const sys::AIBinder_Class) -> InterfaceClass {
+        InterfaceClass(ptr)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<InterfaceClass> for *const sys::AIBinder_Class {
+    fn from(class: InterfaceClass) -> *const sys::AIBinder_Class {
+        class.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Create a function implementing a static getter for an interface class.
+///
+/// Each binder interface (i.e. local [`Remotable`] service or remote proxy
+/// [`Interface`]) must have global, static class that uniquely identifies
+/// it. This macro implements an [`InterfaceClass`] getter to simplify these
+/// implementations.
+///
+/// The type of a structure that implements [`InterfaceClassMethods`] must be
+/// passed to this macro. For local services, this should be `Binder<Self>`
+/// since [`Binder`] implements [`InterfaceClassMethods`].
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// When implementing a local [`Remotable`] service `ExampleService`, the
+/// `get_class` method is required in the [`Remotable`] impl block. This macro
+/// should be used as follows to implement this functionality:
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// impl Remotable for ExampleService {
+///     fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+///         "android.os.IExampleInterface"
+///     }
+///
+///     fn on_transact(
+///         &self,
+///         code: TransactionCode,
+///         data: &Parcel,
+///         reply: &mut Parcel,
+///     ) -> Result<()> {
+///         // ...
+///     }
+///
+///     binder_fn_get_class!(Binder<Self>);
+/// }
+/// ```
+macro_rules! binder_fn_get_class {
+    ($class:ty) => {
+        binder_fn_get_class!($crate::InterfaceClass::new::<$class>());
+    };
+
+    ($constructor:expr) => {
+        fn get_class() -> $crate::InterfaceClass {
+            static CLASS_INIT: std::sync::Once = std::sync::Once::new();
+            static mut CLASS: Option<$crate::InterfaceClass> = None;
+
+            CLASS_INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
+                // Safety: This assignment is guarded by the `CLASS_INIT` `Once`
+                // variable, and therefore is thread-safe, as it can only occur
+                // once.
+                CLASS = Some($constructor);
+            });
+            unsafe {
+                // Safety: The `CLASS` variable can only be mutated once, above,
+                // and is subsequently safe to read from any thread.
+                CLASS.unwrap()
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+pub trait InterfaceClassMethods {
+    /// Get the interface descriptor string for this object type.
+    fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+
+    /// Called during construction of a new `AIBinder` object of this interface
+    /// class.
+    ///
+    /// The opaque pointer parameter will be the parameter provided to
+    /// `AIBinder_new`. Returns an opaque userdata to be associated with the new
+    /// `AIBinder` object.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callback called from C++. The parameter argument provided to
+    /// `AIBinder_new` must match the type expected here. The `AIBinder` object
+    /// will take ownership of the returned pointer, which it will free via
+    /// `on_destroy`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_create(args: *mut c_void) -> *mut c_void;
+
+    /// Called when a transaction needs to be processed by the local service
+    /// implementation.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callback called from C++. The `binder` parameter must be a valid pointer
+    /// to a binder object of this class with userdata initialized via this
+    /// class's `on_create`. The parcel parameters must be valid pointers to
+    /// parcel objects.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_transact(
+        binder: *mut sys::AIBinder,
+        code: u32,
+        data: *const sys::AParcel,
+        reply: *mut sys::AParcel,
+    ) -> status_t;
+
+    /// Called whenever an `AIBinder` object is no longer referenced and needs
+    /// to be destroyed.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Callback called from C++. The opaque pointer parameter must be the value
+    /// returned by `on_create` for this class. This function takes ownership of
+    /// the provided pointer and destroys it.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_destroy(object: *mut c_void);
+}
+
+/// Interface for transforming a generic SpIBinder into a specific remote
+/// interface trait.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// For Binder interface `IFoo`, the following implementation should be made:
+/// ```no_run
+/// # use binder::{FromIBinder, SpIBinder, Result};
+/// # trait IFoo {}
+/// impl FromIBinder for dyn IFoo {
+///     fn try_from(ibinder: SpIBinder) -> Result<Box<Self>> {
+///         // ...
+///         # Err(binder::StatusCode::OK)
+///     }
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub trait FromIBinder {
+    /// Try to interpret a generic Binder object as this interface.
+    ///
+    /// Returns a trait object for the `Self` interface if this object
+    /// implements that interface.
+    fn try_from(ibinder: SpIBinder) -> Result<Box<Self>>;
+}
+
+/// Trait for transparent Rust wrappers around android C++ native types.
+///
+/// The pointer return by this trait's methods should be immediately passed to
+/// C++ and not stored by Rust. The pointer is valid only as long as the
+/// underlying C++ object is alive, so users must be careful to take this into
+/// account, as Rust cannot enforce this.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// For this trait to be a correct implementation, `T` must be a valid android
+/// C++ type. Since we cannot constrain this via the type system, this trait is
+/// marked as unsafe.
+pub unsafe trait AsNative<T> {
+    /// Return a pointer to the native version of `self`
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const T;
+
+    /// Return a mutable pointer to the native version of `self`
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut T;
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T, V: AsNative<T>> AsNative<T> for Option<V> {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const T {
+        self.as_ref().map_or(ptr::null(), |v| v.as_native())
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut T {
+        self.as_mut().map_or(ptr::null_mut(), |v| v.as_native_mut())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Declare typed interfaces for a binder object.
+///
+/// Given an interface trait and descriptor string, create a native and remote
+/// proxy wrapper for this interface. The native service object (`$native`)
+/// implements `Remotable` and will dispatch to the function `$on_transact` to
+/// handle transactions. The typed proxy object (`$proxy`) wraps remote binder
+/// objects for this interface and can optionally contain additional fields.
+///
+/// Assuming the interface trait is `Interface`, `$on_transact` function must
+/// have the following type:
+///
+/// ```
+/// # use binder::{Interface, TransactionCode, Parcel};
+/// # trait Placeholder {
+/// fn on_transact(
+///     service: &dyn Interface,
+///     code: TransactionCode,
+///     data: &Parcel,
+///     reply: &mut Parcel,
+/// ) -> binder::Result<()>;
+/// # }
+/// ```
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// The following example declares the local service type `BnServiceManager` and
+/// a remote proxy type `BpServiceManager` (the `n` and `p` stand for native and
+/// proxy respectively) for the `IServiceManager` Binder interface. The
+/// interfaces will be identified by the descriptor string
+/// "android.os.IServiceManager". The local service will dispatch transactions
+/// using the provided function, `on_transact`.
+///
+/// ```
+/// use binder::{declare_binder_interface, Binder, Interface, TransactionCode, Parcel};
+///
+/// pub trait IServiceManager: Interface {
+///     // remote methods...
+/// }
+///
+/// declare_binder_interface! {
+///     IServiceManager["android.os.IServiceManager"] {
+///         native: BnServiceManager(on_transact),
+///         proxy: BpServiceManager,
+///     }
+/// }
+///
+/// fn on_transact(
+///     service: &dyn IServiceManager,
+///     code: TransactionCode,
+///     data: &Parcel,
+///     reply: &mut Parcel,
+/// ) -> binder::Result<()> {
+///     // ...
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
+///
+/// impl IServiceManager for BpServiceManager {
+///     // parceling/unparceling code for the IServiceManager emitted here
+/// }
+///
+/// impl IServiceManager for Binder<BnServiceManager> {
+///     // Forward calls to local implementation
+/// }
+/// ```
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! declare_binder_interface {
+    {
+        $interface:path[$descriptor:expr] {
+            native: $native:ident($on_transact:path),
+            proxy: $proxy:ident,
+        }
+    } => {
+        $crate::declare_binder_interface! {
+            $interface[$descriptor] {
+                native: $native($on_transact),
+                proxy: $proxy {},
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    {
+        $interface:path[$descriptor:expr] {
+            native: $native:ident($on_transact:path),
+            proxy: $proxy:ident {
+                $($fname:ident: $fty:ty = $finit:expr),*
+            },
+        }
+    } => {
+        $crate::declare_binder_interface! {
+            $interface[$descriptor] {
+                @doc[concat!("A binder [`Remotable`]($crate::Remotable) that holds an [`", stringify!($interface), "`] object.")]
+                native: $native($on_transact),
+                @doc[concat!("A binder [`Proxy`]($crate::Proxy) that holds an [`", stringify!($interface), "`] remote interface.")]
+                proxy: $proxy {
+                    $($fname: $fty = $finit),*
+                },
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    {
+        $interface:path[$descriptor:expr] {
+            @doc[$native_doc:expr]
+            native: $native:ident($on_transact:path),
+
+            @doc[$proxy_doc:expr]
+            proxy: $proxy:ident {
+                $($fname:ident: $fty:ty = $finit:expr),*
+            },
+        }
+    } => {
+        #[doc = $proxy_doc]
+        pub struct $proxy {
+            binder: $crate::SpIBinder,
+            $($fname: $fty,)*
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::Interface for $proxy {
+            fn as_binder(&self) -> $crate::SpIBinder {
+                self.binder.clone()
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::Proxy for $proxy
+        where
+            $proxy: $interface,
+        {
+            fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+                $descriptor
+            }
+
+            fn from_binder(mut binder: $crate::SpIBinder) -> $crate::Result<Self> {
+                use $crate::AssociateClass;
+                if binder.associate_class(<$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class()) {
+                    Ok(Self { binder, $($fname: $finit),* })
+                } else {
+                    Err($crate::StatusCode::BAD_TYPE)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[doc = $native_doc]
+        #[repr(transparent)]
+        pub struct $native(Box<dyn $interface + Sync + Send + 'static>);
+
+        impl $native {
+            /// Create a new binder service.
+            pub fn new_binder<T: $interface + Sync + Send + 'static>(inner: T) -> impl $interface {
+                $crate::Binder::new($native(Box::new(inner)))
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::Remotable for $native {
+            fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+                $descriptor
+            }
+
+            fn on_transact(&self, code: $crate::TransactionCode, data: &$crate::Parcel, reply: &mut $crate::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<()> {
+                $on_transact(&*self.0, code, data, reply)
+            }
+
+            fn get_class() -> $crate::InterfaceClass {
+                static CLASS_INIT: std::sync::Once = std::sync::Once::new();
+                static mut CLASS: Option<$crate::InterfaceClass> = None;
+
+                CLASS_INIT.call_once(|| unsafe {
+                    // Safety: This assignment is guarded by the `CLASS_INIT` `Once`
+                    // variable, and therefore is thread-safe, as it can only occur
+                    // once.
+                    CLASS = Some($crate::InterfaceClass::new::<$crate::Binder<$native>>());
+                });
+                unsafe {
+                    // Safety: The `CLASS` variable can only be mutated once, above,
+                    // and is subsequently safe to read from any thread.
+                    CLASS.unwrap()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::FromIBinder for dyn $interface {
+            fn try_from(mut ibinder: $crate::SpIBinder) -> $crate::Result<Box<dyn $interface>> {
+                use $crate::AssociateClass;
+                if !ibinder.associate_class(<$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class()) {
+                    return Err($crate::StatusCode::BAD_TYPE.into());
+                }
+
+                let service: $crate::Result<$crate::Binder<$native>> = std::convert::TryFrom::try_from(ibinder.clone());
+                if let Ok(service) = service {
+                    Ok(Box::new(service))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Box::new(<$proxy as $crate::Proxy>::from_binder(ibinder)?))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::Serialize for dyn $interface + '_
+        where
+            $interface: $crate::Interface
+        {
+            fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut $crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<()> {
+                let binder = $crate::Interface::as_binder(self);
+                parcel.write(&binder)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::SerializeOption for dyn $interface + '_ {
+            fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut $crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<()> {
+                parcel.write(&this.map($crate::Interface::as_binder))
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::fmt::Debug for dyn $interface {
+            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+                f.pad(stringify!($interface))
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Declare an AIDL enumeration.
+///
+/// This is mainly used internally by the AIDL compiler.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! declare_binder_enum {
+    {
+        $enum:ident : $backing:ty {
+            $( $name:ident = $value:expr, )*
+        }
+    } => {
+        #[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone, PartialOrd, Ord, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+        pub struct $enum(pub $backing);
+        impl $enum {
+            $( pub const $name: Self = Self($value); )*
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::Serialize for $enum {
+            fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut $crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<()> {
+                parcel.write(&self.0)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::SerializeArray for $enum {
+            fn serialize_array(slice: &[Self], parcel: &mut $crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<()> {
+                let v: Vec<$backing> = slice.iter().map(|x| x.0).collect();
+                <$backing as binder::parcel::SerializeArray>::serialize_array(&v[..], parcel)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::Deserialize for $enum {
+            fn deserialize(parcel: &$crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<Self> {
+                parcel.read().map(Self)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl $crate::parcel::DeserializeArray for $enum {
+            fn deserialize_array(parcel: &$crate::parcel::Parcel) -> $crate::Result<Option<Vec<Self>>> {
+                let v: Option<Vec<$backing>> =
+                    <$backing as binder::parcel::DeserializeArray>::deserialize_array(parcel)?;
+                Ok(v.map(|v| v.into_iter().map(Self).collect()))
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/error.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4492cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+use crate::binder::AsNative;
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::error;
+use std::ffi::CStr;
+use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter, Result as FmtResult};
+use std::result;
+
+pub use sys::binder_status_t as status_t;
+
+/// Low-level status codes from Android `libutils`.
+// All error codes are negative integer values. Derived from the anonymous enum
+// in utils/Errors.h
+pub use sys::android_c_interface_StatusCode as StatusCode;
+
+/// A specialized [`Result`](result::Result) for binder operations.
+pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, StatusCode>;
+
+/// Convert a low-level status code into an empty result.
+///
+/// An OK status is converted into an `Ok` result, any other status is converted
+/// into an `Err` result holding the status code.
+pub fn status_result(status: status_t) -> Result<()> {
+    match parse_status_code(status) {
+        StatusCode::OK => Ok(()),
+        e => Err(e),
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_status_code(code: i32) -> StatusCode {
+    match code {
+        e if e == StatusCode::OK as i32 => StatusCode::OK,
+        e if e == StatusCode::NO_MEMORY as i32 => StatusCode::NO_MEMORY,
+        e if e == StatusCode::INVALID_OPERATION as i32 => StatusCode::INVALID_OPERATION,
+        e if e == StatusCode::BAD_VALUE as i32 => StatusCode::BAD_VALUE,
+        e if e == StatusCode::BAD_TYPE as i32 => StatusCode::BAD_TYPE,
+        e if e == StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND as i32 => StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND,
+        e if e == StatusCode::PERMISSION_DENIED as i32 => StatusCode::PERMISSION_DENIED,
+        e if e == StatusCode::NO_INIT as i32 => StatusCode::NO_INIT,
+        e if e == StatusCode::ALREADY_EXISTS as i32 => StatusCode::ALREADY_EXISTS,
+        e if e == StatusCode::DEAD_OBJECT as i32 => StatusCode::DEAD_OBJECT,
+        e if e == StatusCode::FAILED_TRANSACTION as i32 => StatusCode::FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+        e if e == StatusCode::BAD_INDEX as i32 => StatusCode::BAD_INDEX,
+        e if e == StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA as i32 => StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA,
+        e if e == StatusCode::WOULD_BLOCK as i32 => StatusCode::WOULD_BLOCK,
+        e if e == StatusCode::TIMED_OUT as i32 => StatusCode::TIMED_OUT,
+        e if e == StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION as i32 => StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION,
+        e if e == StatusCode::FDS_NOT_ALLOWED as i32 => StatusCode::FDS_NOT_ALLOWED,
+        e if e == StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL as i32 => StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL,
+        _ => StatusCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR,
+    }
+}
+
+pub use sys::android_c_interface_ExceptionCode as ExceptionCode;
+
+fn parse_exception_code(code: i32) -> ExceptionCode {
+    match code {
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::NONE as i32 => ExceptionCode::NONE,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::SECURITY as i32 => ExceptionCode::SECURITY,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::BAD_PARCELABLE as i32 => ExceptionCode::BAD_PARCELABLE,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT as i32 => ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::NULL_POINTER as i32 => ExceptionCode::NULL_POINTER,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_STATE as i32 => ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_STATE,
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::NETWORK_MAIN_THREAD as i32 => {
+            ExceptionCode::NETWORK_MAIN_THREAD
+        }
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION as i32 => {
+            ExceptionCode::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION
+        }
+        e if e == ExceptionCode::SERVICE_SPECIFIC as i32 => ExceptionCode::SERVICE_SPECIFIC,
+        _ => ExceptionCode::TRANSACTION_FAILED,
+    }
+}
+
+// Safety: `Status` always contains a owning pointer to a valid `AStatus`. The
+// lifetime of the contained pointer is the same as the `Status` object.
+/// High-level binder status object that encapsulates a standard way to keep
+/// track of and chain binder errors along with service specific errors.
+///
+/// Used in AIDL transactions to represent failed transactions.
+pub struct Status(*mut sys::AStatus);
+
+impl Status {
+    /// Create a status object representing a successful transaction.
+    pub fn ok() -> Self {
+        let ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AStatus_newOk` always returns a new, heap allocated
+            // pointer to an `ASTatus` object, so we know this pointer will be
+            // valid.
+            //
+            // Rust takes ownership of the returned pointer.
+            sys::AStatus_newOk()
+        };
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a status object from a service specific error
+    pub fn new_service_specific_error(err: i32, message: Option<&CStr>) -> Status {
+        let ptr = if let Some(message) = message {
+            unsafe {
+                // Safety: Any i32 is a valid service specific error for the
+                // error code parameter. We construct a valid, null-terminated
+                // `CString` from the message, which must be a valid C-style
+                // string to pass as the message. This function always returns a
+                // new, heap allocated pointer to an `AStatus` object, so we
+                // know the returned pointer will be valid.
+                //
+                // Rust takes ownership of the returned pointer.
+                sys::AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(err, message.as_ptr())
+            }
+        } else {
+            unsafe {
+                // Safety: Any i32 is a valid service specific error for the
+                // error code parameter. This function always returns a new,
+                // heap allocated pointer to an `AStatus` object, so we know the
+                // returned pointer will be valid.
+                //
+                // Rust takes ownership of the returned pointer.
+                sys::AStatus_fromServiceSpecificError(err)
+            }
+        };
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a status object from an exception code
+    pub fn new_exception(exception: ExceptionCode, message: Option<&CStr>) -> Status {
+        if let Some(message) = message {
+            let ptr = unsafe {
+                sys::AStatus_fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(exception as i32, message.as_ptr())
+            };
+            Self(ptr)
+        } else {
+            exception.into()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Create a status object from a raw `AStatus` pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This constructor is safe iff `ptr` is a valid pointer to an `AStatus`.
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: *mut sys::AStatus) -> Self {
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if this status represents a successful transaction.
+    pub fn is_ok(&self) -> bool {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` always contains a valid `AStatus` pointer, so we
+            // are always passing a valid pointer to `AStatus_isOk` here.
+            sys::AStatus_isOk(self.as_native())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a description of the status.
+    pub fn get_description(&self) -> String {
+        let description_ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` always contains a valid `AStatus` pointer, so we
+            // are always passing a valid pointer to `AStatus_getDescription`
+            // here.
+            //
+            // `AStatus_getDescription` always returns a valid pointer to a null
+            // terminated C string. Rust is responsible for freeing this pointer
+            // via `AStatus_deleteDescription`.
+            sys::AStatus_getDescription(self.as_native())
+        };
+        let description = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AStatus_getDescription` always returns a valid C string,
+            // which can be safely converted to a `CStr`.
+            CStr::from_ptr(description_ptr)
+        };
+        let description = description.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `description_ptr` was returned from
+            // `AStatus_getDescription` above, and must be freed via
+            // `AStatus_deleteDescription`. We must not access the pointer after
+            // this call, so we copy it into an owned string above and return
+            // that string.
+            sys::AStatus_deleteDescription(description_ptr);
+        }
+        description
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the exception code of the status.
+    pub fn exception_code(&self) -> ExceptionCode {
+        let code = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` always contains a valid `AStatus` pointer, so we
+            // are always passing a valid pointer to `AStatus_getExceptionCode`
+            // here.
+            sys::AStatus_getExceptionCode(self.as_native())
+        };
+        parse_exception_code(code)
+    }
+
+    /// Return a status code representing a transaction failure, or
+    /// `StatusCode::OK` if there was no transaction failure.
+    ///
+    /// If this method returns `OK`, the status may still represent a different
+    /// exception or a service specific error. To find out if this transaction
+    /// as a whole is okay, use [`is_ok`](Self::is_ok) instead.
+    pub fn transaction_error(&self) -> StatusCode {
+        let code = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` always contains a valid `AStatus` pointer, so we
+            // are always passing a valid pointer to `AStatus_getStatus` here.
+            sys::AStatus_getStatus(self.as_native())
+        };
+        parse_status_code(code)
+    }
+
+    /// Return a service specific error if this status represents one.
+    ///
+    /// This function will only ever return a non-zero result if
+    /// [`exception_code`](Self::exception_code) returns
+    /// `ExceptionCode::SERVICE_SPECIFIC`. If this function returns 0, the
+    /// status object may still represent a different exception or status. To
+    /// find out if this transaction as a whole is okay, use
+    /// [`is_ok`](Self::is_ok) instead.
+    pub fn service_specific_error(&self) -> i32 {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` always contains a valid `AStatus` pointer, so we
+            // are always passing a valid pointer to
+            // `AStatus_getServiceSpecificError` here.
+            sys::AStatus_getServiceSpecificError(self.as_native())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Calls `op` if the status was ok, otherwise returns an `Err` value of
+    /// `self`.
+    pub fn and_then<T, F>(self, op: F) -> result::Result<T, Status>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce() -> result::Result<T, Status>,
+    {
+        <result::Result<(), Status>>::from(self)?;
+        op()
+    }
+}
+
+impl error::Error for Status {}
+
+impl Display for Status {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> FmtResult {
+        f.write_str(&self.get_description())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Debug for Status {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> FmtResult {
+        f.write_str(&self.get_description())
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Status {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Status) -> bool {
+        let self_code = self.exception_code();
+        let other_code = other.exception_code();
+
+        match (self_code, other_code) {
+            (ExceptionCode::NONE, ExceptionCode::NONE) => true,
+            (ExceptionCode::TRANSACTION_FAILED, ExceptionCode::TRANSACTION_FAILED) => {
+                self.transaction_error() == other.transaction_error()
+                    && self.get_description() == other.get_description()
+            }
+            (ExceptionCode::SERVICE_SPECIFIC, ExceptionCode::SERVICE_SPECIFIC) => {
+                self.service_specific_error() == other.service_specific_error()
+                    && self.get_description() == other.get_description()
+            }
+            (e1, e2) => e1 == e2 && self.get_description() == other.get_description(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for Status {}
+
+impl From<StatusCode> for Status {
+    fn from(status: StatusCode) -> Status {
+        (status as status_t).into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<status_t> for Status {
+    fn from(status: status_t) -> Status {
+        let ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AStatus_fromStatus` expects any `status_t` integer, so
+            // this is a safe FFI call. Unknown values will be coerced into
+            // UNKNOWN_ERROR.
+            sys::AStatus_fromStatus(status)
+        };
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ExceptionCode> for Status {
+    fn from(code: ExceptionCode) -> Status {
+        let ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AStatus_fromExceptionCode` expects any
+            // `binder_exception_t` (i32) integer, so this is a safe FFI call.
+            // Unknown values will be coerced into EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED.
+            sys::AStatus_fromExceptionCode(code as i32)
+        };
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+}
+
+// TODO: impl Try for Status when try_trait is stabilized
+// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/42327
+impl From<Status> for result::Result<(), Status> {
+    fn from(status: Status) -> result::Result<(), Status> {
+        if status.is_ok() {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(status)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Status> for status_t {
+    fn from(status: Status) -> status_t {
+        status.transaction_error() as status_t
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Status {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Status` manages the lifetime of its inner `AStatus`
+            // pointee, so we need to delete it here. We know that the pointer
+            // will be valid here since `Status` always contains a valid pointer
+            // while it is alive.
+            sys::AStatus_delete(self.0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// `Status` always contains a valid pointer to an `AStatus` object, so we can
+/// trivially convert it to a correctly-typed raw pointer.
+///
+/// Care must be taken that the returned pointer is only dereferenced while the
+/// `Status` object is still alive.
+unsafe impl AsNative<sys::AStatus> for Status {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AStatus {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AStatus {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/lib.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ee6a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Safe Rust interface to Android `libbinder`.
+//!
+//! This crate is primarily designed as an target for a Rust AIDL compiler
+//! backend, and should generally not be used directly by users. It is built on
+//! top of the binder NDK library to be usable by APEX modules, and therefore
+//! only exposes functionality available in the NDK interface.
+//!
+//! # Example
+//!
+//! The following example illustrates how the AIDL backend will use this crate.
+//!
+//! ```
+//! use binder::{
+//!     declare_binder_interface, Binder, IBinder, Interface, Remotable, Parcel, SpIBinder,
+//!     StatusCode, TransactionCode,
+//! };
+//!
+//! // Generated by AIDL compiler
+//! pub trait ITest: Interface {
+//!     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;
+//! }
+//!
+//! // Creates a new local (native) service object, BnTest, and a remote proxy
+//! // object, BpTest, that are the typed interfaces for their respective ends
+//! // of the binder transaction. Generated by AIDL compiler.
+//! declare_binder_interface! {
+//!     ITest["android.os.ITest"] {
+//!         native: BnTest(on_transact),
+//!         proxy: BpTest,
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! // Generated by AIDL compiler
+//! fn on_transact(
+//!     service: &dyn ITest,
+//!     code: TransactionCode,
+//!     _data: &Parcel,
+//!     reply: &mut Parcel,
+//! ) -> binder::Result<()> {
+//!     match code {
+//!         SpIBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION => {
+//!             reply.write(&service.test()?)?;
+//!             Ok(())
+//!         }
+//!         _ => Err(StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION),
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! // Generated by AIDL compiler
+//! impl ITest for Binder<BnTest> {
+//!     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+//!         self.0.test()
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! // Generated by AIDL compiler
+//! impl ITest for BpTest {
+//!     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+//!        let reply = self
+//!            .as_binder()
+//!            .transact(SpIBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION, 0, |_| Ok(()))?;
+//!        reply.read()
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! // User implemented:
+//!
+//! // Local implementation of the ITest remotable interface.
+//! struct TestService;
+//!
+//! impl Interface for TestService {}
+//!
+//! impl ITest for TestService {
+//!     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+//!        Ok("testing service".to_string())
+//!     }
+//! }
+//! ```
+
+#[macro_use]
+mod proxy;
+
+#[macro_use]
+mod binder;
+mod error;
+mod native;
+mod state;
+
+use binder_ndk_sys as sys;
+
+pub mod parcel;
+
+pub use crate::binder::{
+    FromIBinder, IBinder, Interface, InterfaceClass, Remotable, TransactionCode, TransactionFlags,
+};
+pub use error::{status_t, ExceptionCode, Result, Status, StatusCode};
+pub use native::add_service;
+pub use native::Binder;
+pub use parcel::Parcel;
+pub use proxy::{get_interface, get_service};
+pub use proxy::{AssociateClass, DeathRecipient, Proxy, SpIBinder, WpIBinder};
+pub use state::{ProcessState, ThreadState};
+
+/// The public API usable outside AIDL-generated interface crates.
+pub mod public_api {
+    pub use super::parcel::ParcelFileDescriptor;
+    pub use super::{add_service, get_interface};
+    pub use super::{
+        ExceptionCode, Interface, ProcessState, SpIBinder, Status, StatusCode,
+    };
+
+    /// Binder result containing a [`Status`] on error.
+    pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Status>;
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..185645e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+use crate::binder::{AsNative, Interface, InterfaceClassMethods, Remotable, TransactionCode};
+use crate::error::{status_result, status_t, Result, StatusCode};
+use crate::parcel::{Parcel, Serialize};
+use crate::proxy::SpIBinder;
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
+use std::ffi::{c_void, CString};
+use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
+use std::ops::Deref;
+use std::ptr;
+
+/// Rust wrapper around Binder remotable objects.
+///
+/// Implements the C++ `BBinder` class, and therefore implements the C++
+/// `IBinder` interface.
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct Binder<T: Remotable> {
+    ibinder: *mut sys::AIBinder,
+    rust_object: *mut T,
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// A `Binder<T>` is a pair of unique owning pointers to two values:
+///   * a C++ ABBinder which the C++ API guarantees can be passed between threads
+///   * a Rust object which implements `Remotable`; this trait requires `Send + Sync`
+///
+/// Both pointers are unique (never escape the `Binder<T>` object and are not copied)
+/// so we can essentially treat `Binder<T>` as a box-like containing the two objects;
+/// the box-like object inherits `Send` from the two inner values, similarly
+/// to how `Box<T>` is `Send` if `T` is `Send`.
+unsafe impl<T: Remotable> Send for Binder<T> {}
+
+impl<T: Remotable> Binder<T> {
+    /// Create a new Binder remotable object.
+    ///
+    /// This moves the `rust_object` into an owned [`Box`] and Binder will
+    /// manage its lifetime.
+    pub fn new(rust_object: T) -> Binder<T> {
+        let class = T::get_class();
+        let rust_object = Box::into_raw(Box::new(rust_object));
+        let ibinder = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AIBinder_new` expects a valid class pointer (which we
+            // initialize via `get_class`), and an arbitrary pointer
+            // argument. The caller owns the returned `AIBinder` pointer, which
+            // is a strong reference to a `BBinder`. This reference should be
+            // decremented via `AIBinder_decStrong` when the reference lifetime
+            // ends.
+            sys::AIBinder_new(class.into(), rust_object as *mut c_void)
+        };
+        Binder {
+            ibinder,
+            rust_object,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Set the extension of a binder interface. This allows a downstream
+    /// developer to add an extension to an interface without modifying its
+    /// interface file. This should be called immediately when the object is
+    /// created before it is passed to another thread.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// For instance, imagine if we have this Binder AIDL interface definition:
+    ///     interface IFoo { void doFoo(); }
+    ///
+    /// If an unrelated owner (perhaps in a downstream codebase) wants to make a
+    /// change to the interface, they have two options:
+    ///
+    /// 1) Historical option that has proven to be BAD! Only the original
+    ///    author of an interface should change an interface. If someone
+    ///    downstream wants additional functionality, they should not ever
+    ///    change the interface or use this method.
+    ///    ```AIDL
+    ///    BAD TO DO:  interface IFoo {                       BAD TO DO
+    ///    BAD TO DO:      void doFoo();                      BAD TO DO
+    ///    BAD TO DO: +    void doBar(); // adding a method   BAD TO DO
+    ///    BAD TO DO:  }                                      BAD TO DO
+    ///    ```
+    ///
+    /// 2) Option that this method enables!
+    ///    Leave the original interface unchanged (do not change IFoo!).
+    ///    Instead, create a new AIDL interface in a downstream package:
+    ///    ```AIDL
+    ///    package com.<name>; // new functionality in a new package
+    ///    interface IBar { void doBar(); }
+    ///    ```
+    ///
+    ///    When registering the interface, add:
+    ///
+    ///        # use binder::{Binder, Interface};
+    ///        # type MyFoo = ();
+    ///        # type MyBar = ();
+    ///        # let my_foo = ();
+    ///        # let my_bar = ();
+    ///        let mut foo: Binder<MyFoo> = Binder::new(my_foo); // class in AOSP codebase
+    ///        let bar: Binder<MyBar> = Binder::new(my_bar);     // custom extension class
+    ///        foo.set_extension(&mut bar.as_binder());          // use method in Binder
+    ///
+    ///    Then, clients of `IFoo` can get this extension:
+    ///
+    ///        # use binder::{declare_binder_interface, Binder, TransactionCode, Parcel};
+    ///        # trait IBar {}
+    ///        # declare_binder_interface! {
+    ///        #     IBar["test"] {
+    ///        #         native: BnBar(on_transact),
+    ///        #         proxy: BpBar,
+    ///        #     }
+    ///        # }
+    ///        # fn on_transact(
+    ///        #     service: &dyn IBar,
+    ///        #     code: TransactionCode,
+    ///        #     data: &Parcel,
+    ///        #     reply: &mut Parcel,
+    ///        # ) -> binder::Result<()> {
+    ///        #     Ok(())
+    ///        # }
+    ///        # impl IBar for BpBar {}
+    ///        # impl IBar for Binder<BnBar> {}
+    ///        # fn main() -> binder::Result<()> {
+    ///        # let binder = Binder::new(());
+    ///        if let Some(barBinder) = binder.get_extension()? {
+    ///            let bar = BpBar::new(barBinder)
+    ///                .expect("Extension was not of type IBar");
+    ///        } else {
+    ///            // There was no extension
+    ///        }
+    ///        # }
+    pub fn set_extension(&mut self, extension: &mut SpIBinder) -> Result<()> {
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `AIBinder_setExtension` expects two valid, mutable
+            // `AIBinder` pointers. We are guaranteed that both `self` and
+            // `extension` contain valid `AIBinder` pointers, because they
+            // cannot be initialized without a valid
+            // pointer. `AIBinder_setExtension` does not take ownership of
+            // either parameter.
+            sys::AIBinder_setExtension(self.as_native_mut(), extension.as_native_mut())
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+
+    /// Retrieve the interface descriptor string for this object's Binder
+    /// interface.
+    pub fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+        T::get_descriptor()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Remotable> Interface for Binder<T> {
+    /// Converts the local remotable object into a generic `SpIBinder`
+    /// reference.
+    ///
+    /// The resulting `SpIBinder` will hold its own strong reference to this
+    /// remotable object, which will prevent the object from being dropped while
+    /// the `SpIBinder` is alive.
+    fn as_binder(&self) -> SpIBinder {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `self.ibinder` is guaranteed to always be a valid pointer
+            // to an `AIBinder` by the `Binder` constructor. We are creating a
+            // copy of the `self.ibinder` strong reference, but
+            // `SpIBinder::from_raw` assumes it receives an owned pointer with
+            // its own strong reference. We first increment the reference count,
+            // so that the new `SpIBinder` will be tracked as a new reference.
+            sys::AIBinder_incStrong(self.ibinder);
+            SpIBinder::from_raw(self.ibinder).unwrap()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Remotable> InterfaceClassMethods for Binder<T> {
+    fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+        <T as Remotable>::get_descriptor()
+    }
+
+    /// Called whenever a transaction needs to be processed by a local
+    /// implementation.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Must be called with a non-null, valid pointer to a local `AIBinder` that
+    /// contains a `T` pointer in its user data. The `data` and `reply` parcel
+    /// parameters must be valid pointers to `AParcel` objects. This method does
+    /// not take ownership of any of its parameters.
+    ///
+    /// These conditions hold when invoked by `ABBinder::onTransact`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_transact(
+        binder: *mut sys::AIBinder,
+        code: u32,
+        data: *const sys::AParcel,
+        reply: *mut sys::AParcel,
+    ) -> status_t {
+        let res = {
+            let mut reply = Parcel::borrowed(reply).unwrap();
+            let data = Parcel::borrowed(data as *mut sys::AParcel).unwrap();
+            let object = sys::AIBinder_getUserData(binder);
+            let binder: &T = &*(object as *const T);
+            binder.on_transact(code, &data, &mut reply)
+        };
+        match res {
+            Ok(()) => 0i32,
+            Err(e) => e as i32,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Called whenever an `AIBinder` object is no longer referenced and needs
+    /// destroyed.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Must be called with a valid pointer to a `T` object. After this call,
+    /// the pointer will be invalid and should not be dereferenced.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_destroy(object: *mut c_void) {
+        ptr::drop_in_place(object as *mut T)
+    }
+
+    /// Called whenever a new, local `AIBinder` object is needed of a specific
+    /// class.
+    ///
+    /// Constructs the user data pointer that will be stored in the object,
+    /// which will be a heap-allocated `T` object.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// Must be called with a valid pointer to a `T` object allocated via `Box`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn on_create(args: *mut c_void) -> *mut c_void {
+        // We just return the argument, as it is already a pointer to the rust
+        // object created by Box.
+        args
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Remotable> Drop for Binder<T> {
+    // This causes C++ to decrease the strong ref count of the `AIBinder`
+    // object. We specifically do not drop the `rust_object` here. When C++
+    // actually destroys the object, it calls `on_destroy` and we can drop the
+    // `rust_object` then.
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: When `self` is dropped, we can no longer access the
+            // reference, so can decrement the reference count. `self.ibinder`
+            // is always a valid `AIBinder` pointer, so is valid to pass to
+            // `AIBinder_decStrong`.
+            sys::AIBinder_decStrong(self.ibinder);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Remotable> Deref for Binder<T> {
+    type Target = T;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: While `self` is alive, the reference count of the
+            // underlying object is > 0 and therefore `on_destroy` cannot be
+            // called. Therefore while `self` is alive, we know that
+            // `rust_object` is still a valid pointer to a heap allocated object
+            // of type `T`.
+            &*self.rust_object
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<B: Remotable> Serialize for Binder<B> {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        parcel.write_binder(Some(&self.as_binder()))
+    }
+}
+
+// This implementation is an idiomatic implementation of the C++
+// `IBinder::localBinder` interface if the binder object is a Rust binder
+// service.
+impl<B: Remotable> TryFrom<SpIBinder> for Binder<B> {
+    type Error = StatusCode;
+
+    fn try_from(mut ibinder: SpIBinder) -> Result<Self> {
+        let class = B::get_class();
+        if Some(class) != ibinder.get_class() {
+            return Err(StatusCode::BAD_TYPE);
+        }
+        let userdata = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` always holds a valid pointer pointer to an
+            // `AIBinder`, which we can safely pass to
+            // `AIBinder_getUserData`. `ibinder` retains ownership of the
+            // returned pointer.
+            sys::AIBinder_getUserData(ibinder.as_native_mut())
+        };
+        if userdata.is_null() {
+            return Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL);
+        }
+        // We are transferring the ownership of the AIBinder into the new Binder
+        // object.
+        let mut ibinder = ManuallyDrop::new(ibinder);
+        Ok(Binder {
+            ibinder: ibinder.as_native_mut(),
+            rust_object: userdata as *mut B,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The constructor for `Binder` guarantees that `self.ibinder` will contain a
+/// valid, non-null pointer to an `AIBinder`, so this implementation is type
+/// safe. `self.ibinder` will remain valid for the entire lifetime of `self`
+/// because we hold a strong reference to the `AIBinder` until `self` is
+/// dropped.
+unsafe impl<B: Remotable> AsNative<sys::AIBinder> for Binder<B> {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AIBinder {
+        self.ibinder
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder {
+        self.ibinder
+    }
+}
+
+/// Register a new service with the default service manager.
+///
+/// Registers the given binder object with the given identifier. If successful,
+/// this service can then be retrieved using that identifier.
+pub fn add_service(identifier: &str, mut binder: SpIBinder) -> Result<()> {
+    let instance = CString::new(identifier).unwrap();
+    let status = unsafe {
+        // Safety: `AServiceManager_addService` expects valid `AIBinder` and C
+        // string pointers. Caller retains ownership of both
+        // pointers. `AServiceManager_addService` creates a new strong reference
+        // and copies the string, so both pointers need only be valid until the
+        // call returns.
+        sys::AServiceManager_addService(binder.as_native_mut(), instance.as_ptr())
+    };
+    status_result(status)
+}
+
+/// Tests often create a base BBinder instance; so allowing the unit
+/// type to be remotable translates nicely to Binder::new(()).
+impl Remotable for () {
+    fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str {
+        ""
+    }
+
+    fn on_transact(
+        &self,
+        _code: TransactionCode,
+        _data: &Parcel,
+        _reply: &mut Parcel,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    binder_fn_get_class!(Binder::<Self>);
+}
+
+impl Interface for () {}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c1e5a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,554 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Container for messages that are sent via binder.
+
+use crate::binder::AsNative;
+use crate::error::{status_result, Result, StatusCode};
+use crate::proxy::SpIBinder;
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
+use std::ptr;
+
+mod file_descriptor;
+mod parcelable;
+
+pub use self::file_descriptor::ParcelFileDescriptor;
+pub use self::parcelable::{
+    Deserialize, DeserializeArray, DeserializeOption, Serialize, SerializeArray, SerializeOption,
+};
+
+/// Container for a message (data and object references) that can be sent
+/// through Binder.
+///
+/// A Parcel can contain both serialized data that will be deserialized on the
+/// other side of the IPC, and references to live Binder objects that will
+/// result in the other side receiving a proxy Binder connected with the
+/// original Binder in the Parcel.
+pub enum Parcel {
+    /// Owned parcel pointer
+    Owned(*mut sys::AParcel),
+    /// Borrowed parcel pointer (will not be destroyed on drop)
+    Borrowed(*mut sys::AParcel),
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The `Parcel` constructors guarantee that a `Parcel` object will always
+/// contain a valid pointer to an `AParcel`.
+unsafe impl AsNative<sys::AParcel> for Parcel {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AParcel {
+        match *self {
+            Self::Owned(x) | Self::Borrowed(x) => x,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AParcel {
+        match *self {
+            Self::Owned(x) | Self::Borrowed(x) => x,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Parcel {
+    /// Create a borrowed reference to a parcel object from a raw pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This constructor is safe if the raw pointer parameter is either null
+    /// (resulting in `None`), or a valid pointer to an `AParcel` object.
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn borrowed(ptr: *mut sys::AParcel) -> Option<Parcel> {
+        ptr.as_mut().map(|ptr| Self::Borrowed(ptr))
+    }
+
+    /// Create an owned reference to a parcel object from a raw pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This constructor is safe if the raw pointer parameter is either null
+    /// (resulting in `None`), or a valid pointer to an `AParcel` object. The
+    /// parcel object must be owned by the caller prior to this call, as this
+    /// constructor takes ownership of the parcel and will destroy it on drop.
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn owned(ptr: *mut sys::AParcel) -> Option<Parcel> {
+        ptr.as_mut().map(|ptr| Self::Owned(ptr))
+    }
+
+    /// Consume the parcel, transferring ownership to the caller if the parcel
+    /// was owned.
+    pub(crate) fn into_raw(mut self) -> *mut sys::AParcel {
+        let ptr = self.as_native_mut();
+        let _ = ManuallyDrop::new(self);
+        ptr
+    }
+}
+
+// Data serialization methods
+impl Parcel {
+    /// Write a type that implements [`Serialize`] to the `Parcel`.
+    pub fn write<S: Serialize + ?Sized>(&mut self, parcelable: &S) -> Result<()> {
+        parcelable.serialize(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Writes the length of a slice to the `Parcel`.
+    ///
+    /// This is used in AIDL-generated client side code to indicate the
+    /// allocated space for an output array parameter.
+    pub fn write_slice_size<T>(&mut self, slice: Option<&[T]>) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(slice) = slice {
+            let len: i32 = slice.len().try_into().or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))?;
+            self.write(&len)
+        } else {
+            self.write(&-1i32)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Perform a series of writes to the `Parcel`, prepended with the length
+    /// (in bytes) of the written data.
+    ///
+    /// The length `0i32` will be written to the parcel first, followed by the
+    /// writes performed by the callback. The initial length will then be
+    /// updated to the length of all data written by the callback, plus the
+    /// size of the length elemement itself (4 bytes).
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// After the following call:
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// # use binder::{Binder, Interface, Parcel};
+    /// # let mut parcel = Parcel::Owned(std::ptr::null_mut());
+    /// parcel.sized_write(|subparcel| {
+    ///     subparcel.write(&1u32)?;
+    ///     subparcel.write(&2u32)?;
+    ///     subparcel.write(&3u32)
+    /// });
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// `parcel` will contain the following:
+    ///
+    /// ```ignore
+    /// [16i32, 1u32, 2u32, 3u32]
+    /// ```
+    pub fn sized_write<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Result<()>
+    where for<'a>
+        F: Fn(&'a WritableSubParcel<'a>) -> Result<()>
+    {
+        let start = self.get_data_position();
+        self.write(&0i32)?;
+        {
+            let subparcel = WritableSubParcel(RefCell::new(self));
+            f(&subparcel)?;
+        }
+        let end = self.get_data_position();
+        unsafe {
+            self.set_data_position(start)?;
+        }
+        assert!(end >= start);
+        self.write(&(end - start))?;
+        unsafe {
+            self.set_data_position(end)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the current position in the parcel data.
+    pub fn get_data_position(&self) -> i32 {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an `AParcel`,
+            // and this call is otherwise safe.
+            sys::AParcel_getDataPosition(self.as_native())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Move the current read/write position in the parcel.
+    ///
+    /// The new position must be a position previously returned by
+    /// `self.get_data_position()`.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This method is safe if `pos` is less than the current size of the parcel
+    /// data buffer. Otherwise, we are relying on correct bounds checking in the
+    /// Parcel C++ code on every subsequent read or write to this parcel. If all
+    /// accesses are bounds checked, this call is still safe, but we can't rely
+    /// on that.
+    pub unsafe fn set_data_position(&self, pos: i32) -> Result<()> {
+        status_result(sys::AParcel_setDataPosition(self.as_native(), pos))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A segment of a writable parcel, used for [`Parcel::sized_write`].
+pub struct WritableSubParcel<'a>(RefCell<&'a mut Parcel>);
+
+impl<'a> WritableSubParcel<'a> {
+    /// Write a type that implements [`Serialize`] to the sub-parcel.
+    pub fn write<S: Serialize + ?Sized>(&self, parcelable: &S) -> Result<()> {
+        parcelable.serialize(&mut *self.0.borrow_mut())
+    }
+}
+
+// Data deserialization methods
+impl Parcel {
+    /// Attempt to read a type that implements [`Deserialize`] from this
+    /// `Parcel`.
+    pub fn read<D: Deserialize>(&self) -> Result<D> {
+        D::deserialize(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Read a vector size from the `Parcel` and resize the given output vector
+    /// to be correctly sized for that amount of data.
+    ///
+    /// This method is used in AIDL-generated server side code for methods that
+    /// take a mutable slice reference parameter.
+    pub fn resize_out_vec<D: Default + Deserialize>(&self, out_vec: &mut Vec<D>) -> Result<()> {
+        let len: i32 = self.read()?;
+
+        if len < 0 {
+            return Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL);
+        }
+
+        // usize in Rust may be 16-bit, so i32 may not fit
+        let len = len.try_into().unwrap();
+        out_vec.resize_with(len, Default::default);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Read a vector size from the `Parcel` and either create a correctly sized
+    /// vector for that amount of data or set the output parameter to None if
+    /// the vector should be null.
+    ///
+    /// This method is used in AIDL-generated server side code for methods that
+    /// take a mutable slice reference parameter.
+    pub fn resize_nullable_out_vec<D: Default + Deserialize>(
+        &self,
+        out_vec: &mut Option<Vec<D>>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let len: i32 = self.read()?;
+
+        if len < 0 {
+            *out_vec = None;
+        } else {
+            // usize in Rust may be 16-bit, so i32 may not fit
+            let len = len.try_into().unwrap();
+            let mut vec = Vec::with_capacity(len);
+            vec.resize_with(len, Default::default);
+            *out_vec = Some(vec);
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// Internal APIs
+impl Parcel {
+    pub(crate) fn write_binder(&mut self, binder: Option<&SpIBinder>) -> Result<()> {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. `AsNative` for `Option<SpIBinder`> will either return
+            // null or a valid pointer to an `AIBinder`, both of which are
+            // valid, safe inputs to `AParcel_writeStrongBinder`.
+            //
+            // This call does not take ownership of the binder. However, it does
+            // require a mutable pointer, which we cannot extract from an
+            // immutable reference, so we clone the binder, incrementing the
+            // refcount before the call. The refcount will be immediately
+            // decremented when this temporary is dropped.
+            status_result(sys::AParcel_writeStrongBinder(
+                self.as_native_mut(),
+                binder.cloned().as_native_mut(),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn read_binder(&self) -> Result<Option<SpIBinder>> {
+        let mut binder = ptr::null_mut();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. We pass a valid, mutable out pointer to the `binder`
+            // parameter. After this call, `binder` will be either null or a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder` owned by the caller.
+            sys::AParcel_readStrongBinder(self.as_native(), &mut binder)
+        };
+
+        status_result(status)?;
+
+        Ok(unsafe {
+            // Safety: `binder` is either null or a valid, owned pointer at this
+            // point, so can be safely passed to `SpIBinder::from_raw`.
+            SpIBinder::from_raw(binder)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Parcel {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // Run the C++ Parcel complete object destructor
+        if let Self::Owned(ptr) = *self {
+            unsafe {
+                // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                // `AParcel`. If we own the parcel, we can safely delete it
+                // here.
+                sys::AParcel_delete(ptr)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+impl Parcel {
+    /// Create a new parcel tied to a bogus binder. TESTING ONLY!
+    ///
+    /// This can only be used for testing! All real parcel operations must be
+    /// done in the callback to [`IBinder::transact`] or in
+    /// [`Remotable::on_transact`] using the parcels provided to these methods.
+    pub(crate) fn new_for_test(binder: &mut SpIBinder) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut input = ptr::null_mut();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `binder` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. We pass a valid, mutable out
+            // pointer to receive a newly constructed parcel. When successful
+            // this function assigns a new pointer to an `AParcel` to `input`
+            // and transfers ownership of this pointer to the caller. Thus,
+            // after this call, `input` will either be null or point to a valid,
+            // owned `AParcel`.
+            sys::AIBinder_prepareTransaction(binder.as_native_mut(), &mut input)
+        };
+        status_result(status)?;
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `input` is either null or a valid, owned pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`, so is valid to safe to
+            // `Parcel::owned`. `Parcel::owned` takes ownership of the parcel
+            // pointer.
+            Parcel::owned(input).ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_read_write() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<bool>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i8>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u16>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i32>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i64>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u64>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<f32>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<f64>(), Err(StatusCode::NOT_ENOUGH_DATA));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<Option<String>>(), Ok(None));
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<String>(), Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL));
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read_binder().err(), Some(StatusCode::BAD_TYPE));
+
+    parcel.write(&1i32).unwrap();
+
+    unsafe {
+        parcel.set_data_position(start).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    let i: i32 = parcel.read().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(i, 1i32);
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[allow(clippy::float_cmp)]
+fn test_read_data() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let str_start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    parcel.write(&b"Hello, Binder!\0"[..]).unwrap();
+    // Skip over string length
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(str_start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i32>().unwrap(), 15);
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<bool>().unwrap(), true);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i8>().unwrap(), 72i8);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u16>().unwrap(), 25928);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i32>().unwrap(), 1819043144);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 1819043144);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<i64>().unwrap(), 4764857262830019912);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u64>().unwrap(), 4764857262830019912);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<f32>().unwrap(),
+        1143139100000000000000000000.0
+    );
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<f32>().unwrap(), 40.043392);
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<f64>().unwrap(), 34732488246.197815);
+
+    // Skip back to before the string length
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(str_start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<Vec<u8>>().unwrap(), b"Hello, Binder!\0");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_utf8_utf16_conversions() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert!(parcel.write("Hello, Binder!").is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<Option<String>>().unwrap().unwrap(),
+        "Hello, Binder!",
+    );
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert!(parcel.write("Embedded null \0 inside a string").is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<Option<String>>().unwrap().unwrap(),
+        "Embedded null \0 inside a string",
+    );
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert!(parcel.write(&["str1", "str2", "str3"][..]).is_ok());
+    assert!(parcel
+        .write(
+            &[
+                String::from("str4"),
+                String::from("str5"),
+                String::from("str6"),
+            ][..]
+        )
+        .is_ok());
+
+    let s1 = "Hello, Binder!";
+    let s2 = "This is a utf8 string.";
+    let s3 = "Some more text here.";
+
+    assert!(parcel.write(&[s1, s2, s3][..]).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<Vec<String>>().unwrap(),
+        ["str1", "str2", "str3"]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<Vec<String>>().unwrap(),
+        ["str4", "str5", "str6"]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<Vec<String>>().unwrap(), [s1, s2, s3]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_sized_write() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    let arr = [1i32, 2i32, 3i32];
+
+    parcel.sized_write(|subparcel| {
+        subparcel.write(&arr[..])
+    }).expect("Could not perform sized write");
+
+    // i32 sub-parcel length + i32 array length + 3 i32 elements
+    let expected_len = 20i32;
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.get_data_position(), start + expected_len);
+
+    unsafe {
+        parcel.set_data_position(start).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        expected_len,
+        parcel.read().unwrap(),
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        parcel.read::<Vec<i32>>().unwrap(),
+        &arr,
+    );
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/file_descriptor.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/file_descriptor.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20e9178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/file_descriptor.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+use super::{
+    Deserialize, DeserializeArray, DeserializeOption, Parcel, Serialize, SerializeArray,
+    SerializeOption,
+};
+use crate::binder::AsNative;
+use crate::error::{status_result, Result, StatusCode};
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd};
+
+/// Rust version of the Java class android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct ParcelFileDescriptor(File);
+
+impl ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    /// Create a new `ParcelFileDescriptor`
+    pub fn new(file: File) -> Self {
+        Self(file)
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsRef<File> for ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &File {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ParcelFileDescriptor> for File {
+    fn from(file: ParcelFileDescriptor) -> File {
+        file.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        let fd = self.0.as_raw_fd();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. Likewise, `ParcelFileDescriptor` always contains a
+            // valid file, so we can borrow a valid file
+            // descriptor. `AParcel_writeParcelFileDescriptor` does NOT take
+            // ownership of the fd, so we need not duplicate it first.
+            sys::AParcel_writeParcelFileDescriptor(parcel.as_native_mut(), fd)
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for ParcelFileDescriptor {}
+
+impl SerializeOption for ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(f) = this {
+            f.serialize(parcel)
+        } else {
+            let status = unsafe {
+                // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                // `AParcel`. `AParcel_writeParcelFileDescriptor` accepts the
+                // value `-1` as the file descriptor to signify serializing a
+                // null file descriptor.
+                sys::AParcel_writeParcelFileDescriptor(parcel.as_native_mut(), -1i32)
+            };
+            status_result(status)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for Option<ParcelFileDescriptor> {}
+
+impl DeserializeOption for ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    fn deserialize_option(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Self>> {
+        let mut fd = -1i32;
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. We pass a valid mutable pointer to an i32, which
+            // `AParcel_readParcelFileDescriptor` assigns the valid file
+            // descriptor into, or `-1` if deserializing a null file
+            // descriptor. The read function passes ownership of the file
+            // descriptor to its caller if it was non-null, so we must take
+            // ownership of the file and ensure that it is eventually closed.
+            status_result(sys::AParcel_readParcelFileDescriptor(
+                parcel.as_native(),
+                &mut fd,
+            ))?;
+        }
+        if fd < 0 {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            let file = unsafe {
+                // Safety: At this point, we know that the file descriptor was
+                // not -1, so must be a valid, owned file descriptor which we
+                // can safely turn into a `File`.
+                File::from_raw_fd(fd)
+            };
+            Ok(Some(ParcelFileDescriptor::new(file)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeArray for Option<ParcelFileDescriptor> {}
+
+impl Deserialize for ParcelFileDescriptor {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        Deserialize::deserialize(parcel)
+            .transpose()
+            .unwrap_or(Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL))
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeArray for ParcelFileDescriptor {}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/parcelable.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/parcelable.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..138b360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/parcel/parcelable.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,880 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+use crate::binder::{AsNative, FromIBinder};
+use crate::error::{status_result, Result, Status, StatusCode};
+use crate::parcel::Parcel;
+use crate::proxy::SpIBinder;
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::ffi::c_void;
+use std::os::raw::c_char;
+use std::ptr;
+
+/// A struct whose instances can be written to a [`Parcel`].
+// Might be able to hook this up as a serde backend in the future?
+pub trait Serialize {
+    /// Serialize this instance into the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()>;
+}
+
+/// A struct whose instances can be restored from a [`Parcel`].
+// Might be able to hook this up as a serde backend in the future?
+pub trait Deserialize: Sized {
+    /// Deserialize an instance from the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self>;
+}
+
+/// Helper trait for types that can be serialized as arrays.
+/// Defaults to calling Serialize::serialize() manually for every element,
+/// but can be overridden for custom implementations like `writeByteArray`.
+// Until specialization is stabilized in Rust, we need this to be a separate
+// trait because it's the only way to have a default implementation for a method.
+// We want the default implementation for most types, but an override for
+// a few special ones like `readByteArray` for `u8`.
+pub trait SerializeArray: Serialize + Sized {
+    /// Serialize an array of this type into the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn serialize_array(slice: &[Self], parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        parcel.write_slice_size(Some(slice))?;
+
+        for item in slice {
+            parcel.write(item)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Helper trait for types that can be deserialized as arrays.
+/// Defaults to calling Deserialize::deserialize() manually for every element,
+/// but can be overridden for custom implementations like `readByteArray`.
+pub trait DeserializeArray: Deserialize {
+    /// Deserialize an array of type from the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn deserialize_array(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Vec<Self>>> {
+        let len: i32 = parcel.read()?;
+        if len < 0 {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        // TODO: Assumes that usize is at least 32 bits
+        let mut vec = Vec::with_capacity(len as usize);
+
+        for _ in 0..len {
+            vec.push(parcel.read()?);
+        }
+
+        Ok(Some(vec))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Helper trait for types that can be nullable when serialized.
+// We really need this trait instead of implementing `Serialize for Option<T>`
+// because of the Rust orphan rule which prevents us from doing
+// `impl Serialize for Option<&dyn IFoo>` for AIDL interfaces.
+// Instead we emit `impl SerializeOption for dyn IFoo` which is allowed.
+// We also use it to provide a default implementation for AIDL-generated
+// parcelables.
+pub trait SerializeOption: Serialize {
+    /// Serialize an Option of this type into the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(inner) = this {
+            parcel.write(&1i32)?;
+            parcel.write(inner)
+        } else {
+            parcel.write(&0i32)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Helper trait for types that can be nullable when deserialized.
+pub trait DeserializeOption: Deserialize {
+    /// Deserialize an Option of this type from the given [`Parcel`].
+    fn deserialize_option(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Self>> {
+        let null: i32 = parcel.read()?;
+        if null == 0 {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            parcel.read().map(Some)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Callback to allocate a vector for parcel array read functions.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// The opaque data pointer passed to the array read function must be a mutable
+/// pointer to an `Option<Vec<T>>`. `buffer` will be assigned a mutable pointer
+/// to the allocated vector data if this function returns true.
+unsafe extern "C" fn allocate_vec<T: Clone + Default>(
+    data: *mut c_void,
+    len: i32,
+    buffer: *mut *mut T,
+) -> bool {
+    let vec = &mut *(data as *mut Option<Vec<T>>);
+    if len < 0 {
+        *vec = None;
+        return true;
+    }
+    let mut new_vec: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(len as usize);
+    new_vec.resize_with(len as usize, Default::default);
+    *buffer = new_vec.as_mut_ptr();
+    *vec = Some(new_vec);
+    true
+}
+
+macro_rules! parcelable_primitives {
+    {
+        $(
+            impl $trait:ident for $ty:ty = $fn:path;
+        )*
+    } => {
+        $(impl_parcelable!{$trait, $ty, $fn})*
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_parcelable {
+    {Serialize, $ty:ty, $write_fn:path} => {
+        impl Serialize for $ty {
+            fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+                unsafe {
+                    // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                    // `AParcel`, and any `$ty` literal value is safe to pass to
+                    // `$write_fn`.
+                    status_result($write_fn(parcel.as_native_mut(), *self))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    {Deserialize, $ty:ty, $read_fn:path} => {
+        impl Deserialize for $ty {
+            fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+                let mut val = Self::default();
+                unsafe {
+                    // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                    // `AParcel`. We pass a valid, mutable pointer to `val`, a
+                    // literal of type `$ty`, and `$read_fn` will write the
+                    // value read into `val` if successful
+                    status_result($read_fn(parcel.as_native(), &mut val))?
+                };
+                Ok(val)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    {SerializeArray, $ty:ty, $write_array_fn:path} => {
+        impl SerializeArray for $ty {
+            fn serialize_array(slice: &[Self], parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+                let status = unsafe {
+                    // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                    // `AParcel`. If the slice is > 0 length, `slice.as_ptr()`
+                    // will be a valid pointer to an array of elements of type
+                    // `$ty`. If the slice length is 0, `slice.as_ptr()` may be
+                    // dangling, but this is safe since the pointer is not
+                    // dereferenced if the length parameter is 0.
+                    $write_array_fn(
+                        parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                        slice.as_ptr(),
+                        slice
+                            .len()
+                            .try_into()
+                            .or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))?,
+                    )
+                };
+                status_result(status)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    {DeserializeArray, $ty:ty, $read_array_fn:path} => {
+        impl DeserializeArray for $ty {
+            fn deserialize_array(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Vec<Self>>> {
+                let mut vec: Option<Vec<Self>> = None;
+                let status = unsafe {
+                    // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                    // `AParcel`. `allocate_vec<T>` expects the opaque pointer to
+                    // be of type `*mut Option<Vec<T>>`, so `&mut vec` is
+                    // correct for it.
+                    $read_array_fn(
+                        parcel.as_native(),
+                        &mut vec as *mut _ as *mut c_void,
+                        Some(allocate_vec),
+                    )
+                };
+                status_result(status)?;
+                Ok(vec)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+parcelable_primitives! {
+    impl Serialize for bool = sys::AParcel_writeBool;
+    impl Deserialize for bool = sys::AParcel_readBool;
+
+    // This is only safe because `Option<Vec<u8>>` is interchangeable with
+    // `Option<Vec<i8>>` (what the allocator function actually allocates.
+    impl DeserializeArray for u8 = sys::AParcel_readByteArray;
+
+    impl Serialize for i8 = sys::AParcel_writeByte;
+    impl Deserialize for i8 = sys::AParcel_readByte;
+    impl SerializeArray for i8 = sys::AParcel_writeByteArray;
+    impl DeserializeArray for i8 = sys::AParcel_readByteArray;
+
+    impl Serialize for u16 = sys::AParcel_writeChar;
+    impl Deserialize for u16 = sys::AParcel_readChar;
+    impl SerializeArray for u16 = sys::AParcel_writeCharArray;
+    impl DeserializeArray for u16 = sys::AParcel_readCharArray;
+
+    // This is only safe because `Option<Vec<i16>>` is interchangeable with
+    // `Option<Vec<u16>>` (what the allocator function actually allocates.
+    impl DeserializeArray for i16 = sys::AParcel_readCharArray;
+
+    impl Serialize for u32 = sys::AParcel_writeUint32;
+    impl Deserialize for u32 = sys::AParcel_readUint32;
+    impl SerializeArray for u32 = sys::AParcel_writeUint32Array;
+    impl DeserializeArray for u32 = sys::AParcel_readUint32Array;
+
+    impl Serialize for i32 = sys::AParcel_writeInt32;
+    impl Deserialize for i32 = sys::AParcel_readInt32;
+    impl SerializeArray for i32 = sys::AParcel_writeInt32Array;
+    impl DeserializeArray for i32 = sys::AParcel_readInt32Array;
+
+    impl Serialize for u64 = sys::AParcel_writeUint64;
+    impl Deserialize for u64 = sys::AParcel_readUint64;
+    impl SerializeArray for u64 = sys::AParcel_writeUint64Array;
+    impl DeserializeArray for u64 = sys::AParcel_readUint64Array;
+
+    impl Serialize for i64 = sys::AParcel_writeInt64;
+    impl Deserialize for i64 = sys::AParcel_readInt64;
+    impl SerializeArray for i64 = sys::AParcel_writeInt64Array;
+    impl DeserializeArray for i64 = sys::AParcel_readInt64Array;
+
+    impl Serialize for f32 = sys::AParcel_writeFloat;
+    impl Deserialize for f32 = sys::AParcel_readFloat;
+    impl SerializeArray for f32 = sys::AParcel_writeFloatArray;
+    impl DeserializeArray for f32 = sys::AParcel_readFloatArray;
+
+    impl Serialize for f64 = sys::AParcel_writeDouble;
+    impl Deserialize for f64 = sys::AParcel_readDouble;
+    impl SerializeArray for f64 = sys::AParcel_writeDoubleArray;
+    impl DeserializeArray for f64 = sys::AParcel_readDoubleArray;
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for bool {}
+impl DeserializeArray for bool {}
+
+impl Serialize for u8 {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        (*self as i8).serialize(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deserialize for u8 {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        i8::deserialize(parcel).map(|v| v as u8)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for u8 {
+    fn serialize_array(slice: &[Self], parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. If the slice is > 0 length, `slice.as_ptr()` will be a
+            // valid pointer to an array of elements of type `$ty`. If the slice
+            // length is 0, `slice.as_ptr()` may be dangling, but this is safe
+            // since the pointer is not dereferenced if the length parameter is
+            // 0.
+            sys::AParcel_writeByteArray(
+                parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                slice.as_ptr() as *const i8,
+                slice.len().try_into().or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))?,
+            )
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for i16 {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        (*self as u16).serialize(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deserialize for i16 {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        u16::deserialize(parcel).map(|v| v as i16)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for i16 {
+    fn serialize_array(slice: &[Self], parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. If the slice is > 0 length, `slice.as_ptr()` will be a
+            // valid pointer to an array of elements of type `$ty`. If the slice
+            // length is 0, `slice.as_ptr()` may be dangling, but this is safe
+            // since the pointer is not dereferenced if the length parameter is
+            // 0.
+            sys::AParcel_writeCharArray(
+                parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                slice.as_ptr() as *const u16,
+                slice.len().try_into().or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))?,
+            )
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeOption for str {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        match this {
+            None => unsafe {
+                // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                // `AParcel`. If the string pointer is null,
+                // `AParcel_writeString` requires that the length is -1 to
+                // indicate that we want to serialize a null string.
+                status_result(sys::AParcel_writeString(
+                    parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                    ptr::null(),
+                    -1,
+                ))
+            },
+            Some(s) => unsafe {
+                // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+                // `AParcel`. `AParcel_writeString` assumes that we pass a utf-8
+                // string pointer of `length` bytes, which is what str in Rust
+                // is. The docstring for `AParcel_writeString` says that the
+                // string input should be null-terminated, but it doesn't
+                // actually rely on that fact in the code. If this ever becomes
+                // necessary, we will need to null-terminate the str buffer
+                // before sending it.
+                status_result(sys::AParcel_writeString(
+                    parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                    s.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
+                    s.as_bytes()
+                        .len()
+                        .try_into()
+                        .or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))?,
+                ))
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for Option<&str> {}
+
+impl Serialize for str {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        Some(self).serialize(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for &str {}
+
+impl Serialize for String {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        Some(self.as_str()).serialize(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for String {}
+
+impl SerializeOption for String {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeOption::serialize_option(this.map(String::as_str), parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for Option<String> {}
+
+impl Deserialize for Option<String> {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut vec: Option<Vec<u8>> = None;
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an `AParcel`.
+            // `Option<Vec<u8>>` is equivalent to the expected `Option<Vec<i8>>`
+            // for `allocate_vec`, so `vec` is safe to pass as the opaque data
+            // pointer on platforms where char is signed.
+            sys::AParcel_readString(
+                parcel.as_native(),
+                &mut vec as *mut _ as *mut c_void,
+                Some(allocate_vec),
+            )
+        };
+
+        status_result(status)?;
+        vec.map(|mut s| {
+            // The vector includes a null-terminator and we don't want the
+            // string to be null-terminated for Rust.
+            s.pop();
+            String::from_utf8(s).or(Err(StatusCode::BAD_VALUE))
+        })
+        .transpose()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeArray for Option<String> {}
+
+impl Deserialize for String {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        Deserialize::deserialize(parcel)
+            .transpose()
+            .unwrap_or(Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL))
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeArray for String {}
+
+impl<T: SerializeArray> Serialize for [T] {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeArray::serialize_array(self, parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeArray> Serialize for Vec<T> {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeArray::serialize_array(&self[..], parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeArray> SerializeOption for [T] {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        if let Some(v) = this {
+            SerializeArray::serialize_array(v, parcel)
+        } else {
+            parcel.write(&-1i32)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeArray> SerializeOption for Vec<T> {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeOption::serialize_option(this.map(Vec::as_slice), parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DeserializeArray> Deserialize for Vec<T> {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        DeserializeArray::deserialize_array(parcel)
+            .transpose()
+            .unwrap_or(Err(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DeserializeArray> DeserializeOption for Vec<T> {
+    fn deserialize_option(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Self>> {
+        DeserializeArray::deserialize_array(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Status {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an `AParcel`
+            // and `Status` always contains a valid pointer to an `AStatus`, so
+            // both parameters are valid and safe. This call does not take
+            // ownership of either of its parameters.
+            status_result(sys::AParcel_writeStatusHeader(
+                parcel.as_native_mut(),
+                self.as_native(),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deserialize for Status {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut status_ptr = ptr::null_mut();
+        let ret_status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `Parcel` always contains a valid pointer to an
+            // `AParcel`. We pass a mutable out pointer which will be
+            // assigned a valid `AStatus` pointer if the function returns
+            // status OK. This function passes ownership of the status
+            // pointer to the caller, if it was assigned.
+            sys::AParcel_readStatusHeader(parcel.as_native(), &mut status_ptr)
+        };
+        status_result(ret_status)?;
+        Ok(unsafe {
+            // Safety: At this point, the return status of the read call was ok,
+            // so we know that `status_ptr` is a valid, owned pointer to an
+            // `AStatus`, from which we can safely construct a `Status` object.
+            Status::from_ptr(status_ptr)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Serialize + ?Sized> Serialize for Box<T> {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        Serialize::serialize(&**self, parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeOption + ?Sized> SerializeOption for Box<T> {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeOption::serialize_option(this.map(|b| &**b), parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: FromIBinder + ?Sized> Deserialize for Box<T> {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        let ibinder: SpIBinder = parcel.read()?;
+        FromIBinder::try_from(ibinder)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: FromIBinder + ?Sized> DeserializeOption for Box<T> {
+    fn deserialize_option(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<Self>> {
+        let ibinder: Option<SpIBinder> = parcel.read()?;
+        ibinder.map(FromIBinder::try_from).transpose()
+    }
+}
+
+// We need these to support Option<&T> for all T
+impl<T: Serialize + ?Sized> Serialize for &T {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        Serialize::serialize(*self, parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeOption + ?Sized> SerializeOption for &T {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeOption::serialize_option(this.copied(), parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: SerializeOption> Serialize for Option<T> {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        SerializeOption::serialize_option(self.as_ref(), parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DeserializeOption> Deserialize for Option<T> {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+        DeserializeOption::deserialize_option(parcel)
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_custom_parcelable() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+
+    struct Custom(u32, bool, String, Vec<String>);
+
+    impl Serialize for Custom {
+        fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+            self.0.serialize(parcel)?;
+            self.1.serialize(parcel)?;
+            self.2.serialize(parcel)?;
+            self.3.serialize(parcel)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Deserialize for Custom {
+        fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Self> {
+            Ok(Custom(
+                parcel.read()?,
+                parcel.read()?,
+                parcel.read()?,
+                parcel.read::<Option<Vec<String>>>()?.unwrap(),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    let string8 = "Custom Parcelable".to_string();
+
+    let s1 = "str1".to_string();
+    let s2 = "str2".to_string();
+    let s3 = "str3".to_string();
+
+    let strs = vec![s1, s2, s3];
+
+    let custom = Custom(123_456_789, true, string8, strs);
+
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert!(custom.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let custom2 = Custom::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(custom2.0, 123_456_789);
+    assert!(custom2.1);
+    assert_eq!(custom2.2, custom.2);
+    assert_eq!(custom2.3, custom.3);
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[allow(clippy::excessive_precision)]
+fn test_slice_parcelables() {
+    use crate::binder::Interface;
+    use crate::native::Binder;
+    let mut service = Binder::new(()).as_binder();
+
+    let bools = [true, false, false, true];
+
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert!(bools.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 1);
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<bool>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [true, false, false, true]);
+
+    let u8s = [101u8, 255, 42, 117];
+
+    let mut parcel = Parcel::new_for_test(&mut service).unwrap();
+    let start = parcel.get_data_position();
+
+    assert!(parcel.write(&u8s[..]).is_ok());
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x752aff65); // bytes
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<u8>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(vec, [101, 255, 42, 117]);
+
+    let i8s = [-128i8, 127, 42, -117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert!(parcel.write(&i8s[..]).is_ok());
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x8b2a7f80); // bytes
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<u8>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(vec, [-128i8 as u8, 127, 42, -117i8 as u8]);
+
+    let u16s = [u16::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(u16s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0xffff); // u16::max_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 12345); // 12,345
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 42); // 42
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 117); // 117
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<u16>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [u16::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117]);
+
+    let i16s = [i16::max_value(), i16::min_value(), 42, -117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(i16s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x7fff); // i16::max_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x8000); // i16::min_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 42); // 42
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0xff8b); // -117
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<i16>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [i16::max_value(), i16::min_value(), 42, -117]);
+
+    let u32s = [u32::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(u32s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0xffffffff); // u32::max_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 12345); // 12,345
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 42); // 42
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 117); // 117
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<u32>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [u32::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117]);
+
+    let i32s = [i32::max_value(), i32::min_value(), 42, -117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(i32s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 4); // 4 items
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x7fffffff); // i32::max_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0x80000000); // i32::min_value()
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 42); // 42
+    assert_eq!(parcel.read::<u32>().unwrap(), 0xffffff8b); // -117
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<i32>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [i32::max_value(), i32::min_value(), 42, -117]);
+
+    let u64s = [u64::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(u64s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<u64>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [u64::max_value(), 12_345, 42, 117]);
+
+    let i64s = [i64::max_value(), i64::min_value(), 42, -117];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(i64s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<i64>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, [i64::max_value(), i64::min_value(), 42, -117]);
+
+    let f32s = [
+        std::f32::NAN,
+        std::f32::INFINITY,
+        1.23456789,
+        std::f32::EPSILON,
+    ];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(f32s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<f32>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    // NAN != NAN so we can't use it in the assert_eq:
+    assert!(vec[0].is_nan());
+    assert_eq!(vec[1..], f32s[1..]);
+
+    let f64s = [
+        std::f64::NAN,
+        std::f64::INFINITY,
+        1.234567890123456789,
+        std::f64::EPSILON,
+    ];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(f64s.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<f64>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    // NAN != NAN so we can't use it in the assert_eq:
+    assert!(vec[0].is_nan());
+    assert_eq!(vec[1..], f64s[1..]);
+
+    let s1 = "Hello, Binder!";
+    let s2 = "This is a utf8 string.";
+    let s3 = "Some more text here.";
+    let s4 = "Embedded nulls \0 \0";
+
+    let strs = [s1, s2, s3, s4];
+
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+    assert!(strs.serialize(&mut parcel).is_ok());
+    unsafe {
+        assert!(parcel.set_data_position(start).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    let vec = Vec::<String>::deserialize(&parcel).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(vec, strs);
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82212d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,545 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Rust API for interacting with a remote binder service.
+
+use crate::binder::{
+    AsNative, FromIBinder, IBinder, Interface, InterfaceClass, TransactionCode, TransactionFlags,
+};
+use crate::error::{status_result, Result, StatusCode};
+use crate::parcel::{
+    Deserialize, DeserializeArray, DeserializeOption, Parcel, Serialize, SerializeArray,
+    SerializeOption,
+};
+use crate::sys;
+
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::ffi::{c_void, CString};
+use std::fmt;
+use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
+use std::ptr;
+
+/// A strong reference to a Binder remote object.
+///
+/// This struct encapsulates the generic C++ `sp<IBinder>` class. This wrapper
+/// is untyped; typed interface access is implemented by the AIDL compiler.
+pub struct SpIBinder(*mut sys::AIBinder);
+
+impl fmt::Debug for SpIBinder {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.pad("SpIBinder")
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// An `SpIBinder` is a handle to a C++ IBinder, which is thread-safe
+unsafe impl Send for SpIBinder {}
+
+impl SpIBinder {
+    /// Create an `SpIBinder` wrapper object from a raw `AIBinder` pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This constructor is safe iff `ptr` is a null pointer or a valid pointer
+    /// to an `AIBinder`.
+    ///
+    /// In the non-null case, this method conceptually takes ownership of a strong
+    /// reference to the object, so `AIBinder_incStrong` must have been called
+    /// on the pointer before passing it to this constructor. This is generally
+    /// done by Binder NDK methods that return an `AIBinder`, but care should be
+    /// taken to ensure this invariant.
+    ///
+    /// All `SpIBinder` objects that are constructed will hold a valid pointer
+    /// to an `AIBinder`, which will remain valid for the entire lifetime of the
+    /// `SpIBinder` (we keep a strong reference, and only decrement on drop).
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *mut sys::AIBinder) -> Option<Self> {
+        ptr.as_mut().map(|p| Self(p))
+    }
+
+    /// Return true if this binder object is hosted in a different process than
+    /// the current one.
+    pub fn is_remote(&self) -> bool {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that it always contains a valid
+            // `AIBinder` pointer.
+            sys::AIBinder_isRemote(self.as_native())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Try to convert this Binder object into a trait object for the given
+    /// Binder interface.
+    ///
+    /// If this object does not implement the expected interface, the error
+    /// `StatusCode::BAD_TYPE` is returned.
+    pub fn into_interface<I: FromIBinder + ?Sized>(self) -> Result<Box<I>> {
+        FromIBinder::try_from(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Return the interface class of this binder object, if associated with
+    /// one.
+    pub(crate) fn get_class(&mut self) -> Option<InterfaceClass> {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that it always contains a valid
+            // `AIBinder` pointer. `AIBinder_getClass` returns either a null
+            // pointer or a valid pointer to an `AIBinder_Class`. After mapping
+            // null to None, we can safely construct an `InterfaceClass` if the
+            // pointer was non-null.
+            let class = sys::AIBinder_getClass(self.as_native_mut());
+            class.as_ref().map(|p| InterfaceClass::from_ptr(p))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// An object that can be associate with an [`InterfaceClass`].
+pub trait AssociateClass {
+    /// Check if this object is a valid object for the given interface class
+    /// `I`.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `Some(self)` if this is a valid instance of the interface, and
+    /// `None` otherwise.
+    ///
+    /// Classes constructed by `InterfaceClass` are unique per type, so
+    /// repeatedly calling this method for the same `InterfaceClass` is allowed.
+    fn associate_class(&mut self, class: InterfaceClass) -> bool;
+}
+
+impl AssociateClass for SpIBinder {
+    fn associate_class(&mut self, class: InterfaceClass) -> bool {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that it always contains a valid
+            // `AIBinder` pointer. An `InterfaceClass` can always be converted
+            // into a valid `AIBinder_Class` pointer, so these parameters are
+            // always safe.
+            sys::AIBinder_associateClass(self.as_native_mut(), class.into())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for SpIBinder {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        ptr::eq(self.0, other.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for SpIBinder {}
+
+impl Clone for SpIBinder {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Cloning a strong reference must increment the reference
+            // count. We are guaranteed by the `SpIBinder` constructor
+            // invariants that `self.0` is always a valid `AIBinder` pointer.
+            sys::AIBinder_incStrong(self.0);
+        }
+        Self(self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for SpIBinder {
+    // We hold a strong reference to the IBinder in SpIBinder and need to give up
+    // this reference on drop.
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: SpIBinder always holds a valid `AIBinder` pointer, so we
+            // know this pointer is safe to pass to `AIBinder_decStrong` here.
+            sys::AIBinder_decStrong(self.as_native_mut());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: AsNative<sys::AIBinder>> IBinder for T {
+    /// Perform a binder transaction
+    fn transact<F: FnOnce(&mut Parcel) -> Result<()>>(
+        &self,
+        code: TransactionCode,
+        flags: TransactionFlags,
+        input_callback: F,
+    ) -> Result<Parcel> {
+        let mut input = ptr::null_mut();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. It is safe to cast from an
+            // immutable pointer to a mutable pointer here, because
+            // `AIBinder_prepareTransaction` only calls immutable `AIBinder`
+            // methods but the parameter is unfortunately not marked as const.
+            //
+            // After the call, input will be either a valid, owned `AParcel`
+            // pointer, or null.
+            sys::AIBinder_prepareTransaction(self.as_native() as *mut sys::AIBinder, &mut input)
+        };
+        status_result(status)?;
+        let mut input = unsafe {
+            // Safety: At this point, `input` is either a valid, owned `AParcel`
+            // pointer, or null. `Parcel::owned` safely handles both cases,
+            // taking ownership of the parcel.
+            Parcel::owned(input).ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)?
+        };
+        input_callback(&mut input)?;
+        let mut reply = ptr::null_mut();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. Although `IBinder::transact` is
+            // not a const method, it is still safe to cast our immutable
+            // pointer to mutable for the call. First, `IBinder::transact` is
+            // thread-safe, so concurrency is not an issue. The only way that
+            // `transact` can affect any visible, mutable state in the current
+            // process is by calling `onTransact` for a local service. However,
+            // in order for transactions to be thread-safe, this method must
+            // dynamically lock its data before modifying it. We enforce this
+            // property in Rust by requiring `Sync` for remotable objects and
+            // only providing `on_transact` with an immutable reference to
+            // `self`.
+            //
+            // This call takes ownership of the `input` parcel pointer, and
+            // passes ownership of the `reply` out parameter to its caller. It
+            // does not affect ownership of the `binder` parameter.
+            sys::AIBinder_transact(
+                self.as_native() as *mut sys::AIBinder,
+                code,
+                &mut input.into_raw(),
+                &mut reply,
+                flags,
+            )
+        };
+        status_result(status)?;
+
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `reply` is either a valid `AParcel` pointer or null
+            // after the call to `AIBinder_transact` above, so we can
+            // construct a `Parcel` out of it. `AIBinder_transact` passes
+            // ownership of the `reply` parcel to Rust, so we need to
+            // construct an owned variant. `Parcel::owned` takes ownership
+            // of the parcel pointer.
+            Parcel::owned(reply).ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_binder_alive(&self) -> bool {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`.
+            //
+            // This call does not affect ownership of its pointer parameter.
+            sys::AIBinder_isAlive(self.as_native())
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ping_binder(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`.
+            //
+            // This call does not affect ownership of its pointer parameter.
+            sys::AIBinder_ping(self.as_native_mut())
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+
+    fn set_requesting_sid(&mut self, enable: bool) {
+        unsafe {
+            sys::AIBinder_setRequestingSid(self.as_native_mut(), enable)
+        };
+    }
+
+    fn dump<F: AsRawFd>(&mut self, fp: &F, args: &[&str]) -> Result<()> {
+        let args: Vec<_> = args.iter().map(|a| CString::new(*a).unwrap()).collect();
+        let mut arg_ptrs: Vec<_> = args.iter().map(|a| a.as_ptr()).collect();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. `AsRawFd` guarantees that the
+            // file descriptor parameter is always be a valid open file. The
+            // `args` pointer parameter is a valid pointer to an array of C
+            // strings that will outlive the call since `args` lives for the
+            // whole function scope.
+            //
+            // This call does not affect ownership of its binder pointer
+            // parameter and does not take ownership of the file or args array
+            // parameters.
+            sys::AIBinder_dump(
+                self.as_native_mut(),
+                fp.as_raw_fd(),
+                arg_ptrs.as_mut_ptr(),
+                arg_ptrs.len().try_into().unwrap(),
+            )
+        };
+        status_result(status)
+    }
+
+    fn get_extension(&mut self) -> Result<Option<SpIBinder>> {
+        let mut out = ptr::null_mut();
+        let status = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. After this call, the `out`
+            // parameter will be either null, or a valid pointer to an
+            // `AIBinder`.
+            //
+            // This call passes ownership of the out pointer to its caller
+            // (assuming it is set to a non-null value).
+            sys::AIBinder_getExtension(self.as_native_mut(), &mut out)
+        };
+        let ibinder = unsafe {
+            // Safety: The call above guarantees that `out` is either null or a
+            // valid, owned pointer to an `AIBinder`, both of which are safe to
+            // pass to `SpIBinder::from_raw`.
+            SpIBinder::from_raw(out)
+        };
+
+        status_result(status)?;
+        Ok(ibinder)
+    }
+
+    fn link_to_death(&mut self, recipient: &mut DeathRecipient) -> Result<()> {
+        status_result(unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. `recipient` can always be
+            // converted into a valid pointer to an
+            // `AIBinder_DeatRecipient`. Any value is safe to pass as the
+            // cookie, although we depend on this value being set by
+            // `get_cookie` when the death recipient callback is called.
+            sys::AIBinder_linkToDeath(
+                self.as_native_mut(),
+                recipient.as_native_mut(),
+                recipient.get_cookie(),
+            )
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn unlink_to_death(&mut self, recipient: &mut DeathRecipient) -> Result<()> {
+        status_result(unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `self` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`. `recipient` can always be
+            // converted into a valid pointer to an
+            // `AIBinder_DeatRecipient`. Any value is safe to pass as the
+            // cookie, although we depend on this value being set by
+            // `get_cookie` when the death recipient callback is called.
+            sys::AIBinder_unlinkToDeath(
+                self.as_native_mut(),
+                recipient.as_native_mut(),
+                recipient.get_cookie(),
+            )
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for SpIBinder {
+    fn serialize(&self, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        parcel.write_binder(Some(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeOption for SpIBinder {
+    fn serialize_option(this: Option<&Self>, parcel: &mut Parcel) -> Result<()> {
+        parcel.write_binder(this)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SerializeArray for SpIBinder {}
+impl SerializeArray for Option<&SpIBinder> {}
+
+impl Deserialize for SpIBinder {
+    fn deserialize(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<SpIBinder> {
+        parcel.read_binder().transpose().unwrap()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeOption for SpIBinder {
+    fn deserialize_option(parcel: &Parcel) -> Result<Option<SpIBinder>> {
+        parcel.read_binder()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeserializeArray for SpIBinder {}
+impl DeserializeArray for Option<SpIBinder> {}
+
+/// A weak reference to a Binder remote object.
+///
+/// This struct encapsulates the C++ `wp<IBinder>` class. However, this wrapper
+/// is untyped, so properly typed versions implementing a particular binder
+/// interface should be crated with [`declare_binder_interface!`].
+pub struct WpIBinder(*mut sys::AIBinder_Weak);
+
+impl WpIBinder {
+    /// Create a new weak reference from an object that can be converted into a
+    /// raw `AIBinder` pointer.
+    pub fn new<B: AsNative<sys::AIBinder>>(binder: &mut B) -> WpIBinder {
+        let ptr = unsafe {
+            // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that `binder` always contains a
+            // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`.
+            sys::AIBinder_Weak_new(binder.as_native_mut())
+        };
+        assert!(!ptr.is_null());
+        Self(ptr)
+    }
+
+    /// Promote this weak reference to a strong reference to the binder object.
+    pub fn promote(&self) -> Option<SpIBinder> {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `WpIBinder` always contains a valid weak reference, so we
+            // can pass this pointer to `AIBinder_Weak_promote`. Returns either
+            // null or an AIBinder owned by the caller, both of which are valid
+            // to pass to `SpIBinder::from_raw`.
+            let ptr = sys::AIBinder_Weak_promote(self.0);
+            SpIBinder::from_raw(ptr)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Rust wrapper around DeathRecipient objects.
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct DeathRecipient {
+    recipient: *mut sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient,
+    callback: Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static>,
+}
+
+impl DeathRecipient {
+    /// Create a new death recipient that will call the given callback when its
+    /// associated object dies.
+    pub fn new<F>(callback: F) -> DeathRecipient
+    where
+        F: Fn() + Send + 'static,
+    {
+        let callback = Box::new(callback);
+        let recipient = unsafe {
+            // Safety: The function pointer is a valid death recipient callback.
+            //
+            // This call returns an owned `AIBinder_DeathRecipient` pointer
+            // which must be destroyed via `AIBinder_DeathRecipient_delete` when
+            // no longer needed.
+            sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient_new(Some(Self::binder_died::<F>))
+        };
+        DeathRecipient {
+            recipient,
+            callback,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get the opaque cookie that identifies this death recipient.
+    ///
+    /// This cookie will be used to link and unlink this death recipient to a
+    /// binder object and will be passed to the `binder_died` callback as an
+    /// opaque userdata pointer.
+    fn get_cookie(&self) -> *mut c_void {
+        &*self.callback as *const _ as *mut c_void
+    }
+
+    /// Callback invoked from C++ when the binder object dies.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The `cookie` parameter must have been created with the `get_cookie`
+    /// method of this object.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn binder_died<F>(cookie: *mut c_void)
+    where
+        F: Fn() + Send + 'static,
+    {
+        let callback = (cookie as *mut F).as_ref().unwrap();
+        callback();
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// A `DeathRecipient` is always constructed with a valid raw pointer to an
+/// `AIBinder_DeathRecipient`, so it is always type-safe to extract this
+/// pointer.
+unsafe impl AsNative<sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient> for DeathRecipient {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient {
+        self.recipient
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient {
+        self.recipient
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for DeathRecipient {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: `self.recipient` is always a valid, owned
+            // `AIBinder_DeathRecipient` pointer returned by
+            // `AIBinder_DeathRecipient_new` when `self` was created. This
+            // delete method can only be called once when `self` is dropped.
+            sys::AIBinder_DeathRecipient_delete(self.recipient);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Generic interface to remote binder objects.
+///
+/// Corresponds to the C++ `BpInterface` class.
+pub trait Proxy: Sized + Interface {
+    /// The Binder interface descriptor string.
+    ///
+    /// This string is a unique identifier for a Binder interface, and should be
+    /// the same between all implementations of that interface.
+    fn get_descriptor() -> &'static str;
+
+    /// Create a new interface from the given proxy, if it matches the expected
+    /// type of this interface.
+    fn from_binder(binder: SpIBinder) -> Result<Self>;
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// This is a convenience method that wraps `AsNative` for `SpIBinder` to allow
+/// invocation of `IBinder` methods directly from `Interface` objects. It shares
+/// the same safety as the implementation for `SpIBinder`.
+unsafe impl<T: Proxy> AsNative<sys::AIBinder> for T {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AIBinder {
+        self.as_binder().as_native()
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder {
+        self.as_binder().as_native_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Retrieve an existing service, blocking for a few seconds if it doesn't yet
+/// exist.
+pub fn get_service(name: &str) -> Option<SpIBinder> {
+    let name = CString::new(name).ok()?;
+    unsafe {
+        // Safety: `AServiceManager_getService` returns either a null pointer or
+        // a valid pointer to an owned `AIBinder`. Either of these values is
+        // safe to pass to `SpIBinder::from_raw`.
+        SpIBinder::from_raw(sys::AServiceManager_getService(name.as_ptr()))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Retrieve an existing service for a particular interface, blocking for a few
+/// seconds if it doesn't yet exist.
+pub fn get_interface<T: FromIBinder + ?Sized>(name: &str) -> Result<Box<T>> {
+    let service = get_service(name);
+    match service {
+        Some(service) => FromIBinder::try_from(service),
+        None => Err(StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND),
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// `SpIBinder` guarantees that `binder` always contains a valid pointer to an
+/// `AIBinder`, so we can trivially extract this pointer here.
+unsafe impl AsNative<sys::AIBinder> for SpIBinder {
+    fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AIBinder {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/state.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/state.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e05f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/state.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+use crate::sys;
+
+use libc::{pid_t, uid_t};
+
+/// Static utility functions to manage Binder process state.
+pub struct ProcessState;
+
+impl ProcessState {
+    /// Start the Binder IPC thread pool
+    pub fn start_thread_pool() {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Safe FFI
+            sys::ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Set the maximum number of threads that can be started in the threadpool.
+    ///
+    /// By default, after startThreadPool is called, this is 15. If it is called
+    /// additional times, it will only prevent the kernel from starting new
+    /// threads and will not delete already existing threads.
+    pub fn set_thread_pool_max_thread_count(num_threads: u32) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Safe FFI
+            sys::ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(num_threads);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Block on the Binder IPC thread pool
+    pub fn join_thread_pool() {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Safe FFI
+            sys::ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Static utility functions to manage Binder thread state.
+pub struct ThreadState;
+
+impl ThreadState {
+    /// This returns the calling UID assuming that this thread is called from a
+    /// thread that is processing a binder transaction (for instance, in the
+    /// implementation of
+    /// [`Remotable::on_transact`](crate::Remotable::on_transact)).
+    ///
+    /// This can be used with higher-level system services to determine the
+    /// caller's identity and check permissions.
+    ///
+    /// Available since API level 29.
+    ///
+    /// \return calling uid or the current process's UID if this thread isn't
+    /// processing a transaction.
+    pub fn get_calling_uid() -> uid_t {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Safe FFI
+            sys::AIBinder_getCallingUid()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// This returns the calling PID assuming that this thread is called from a
+    /// thread that is processing a binder transaction (for instance, in the
+    /// implementation of
+    /// [`Remotable::on_transact`](crate::Remotable::on_transact)).
+    ///
+    /// This can be used with higher-level system services to determine the
+    /// caller's identity and check permissions. However, when doing this, one
+    /// should be aware of possible TOCTOU problems when the calling process
+    /// dies and is replaced with another process with elevated permissions and
+    /// the same PID.
+    ///
+    /// Available since API level 29.
+    ///
+    /// \return calling pid or the current process's PID if this thread isn't
+    /// processing a transaction.
+    ///
+    /// If the transaction being processed is a oneway transaction, then this
+    /// method will return 0.
+    pub fn get_calling_pid() -> pid_t {
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: Safe FFI
+            sys::AIBinder_getCallingPid()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// This function makes the client's security context available to the
+    /// service calling this function. This can be used for access control.
+    /// It does not suffer from the TOCTOU issues of get_calling_pid.
+    ///
+    /// Implementations of `check_permission` should use the given CStr
+    /// argument as context for selinux permission checks. If `None` is
+    /// given, the implementation should fall back to using the PID
+    /// instead.
+    ///
+    /// Note: `None` may be passed to the callback if the caller did not
+    /// `set_requesting_sid` on the serviced binder, or if the underlying
+    /// kernel is too old to support this feature.
+    pub fn with_calling_sid<T, F>(check_permission: F) -> T
+    where
+        for<'a> F: FnOnce(Option<&'a std::ffi::CStr>) -> T {
+        // Safety: AIBinder_getCallingSid returns a c-string pointer
+        // that is valid for a transaction. Also, the string returned
+        // is thread local. By restricting the lifetime of the CStr
+        // reference to the scope of the callback, we prevent it being
+        // used beyond the guaranteed lifetime.
+        check_permission(unsafe {
+            let sid = sys::AIBinder_getCallingSid();
+            // AIBinder_getCallingSid() returns a '\0' terminated string
+            // or NULL.
+            if sid.is_null() {
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(std::ffi::CStr::from_ptr(sid))
+            }
+        })
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/sys/BinderBindings.h b/libs/binder/rust/sys/BinderBindings.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..303f4a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/sys/BinderBindings.h
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android/binder_context.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_parcel.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <android/binder_shell.h>
+#include <android/binder_status.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+namespace c_interface {
+
+// Expose error codes from anonymous enum in binder_status.h
+enum StatusCode {
+    OK = STATUS_OK,
+    UNKNOWN_ERROR = STATUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR,
+    NO_MEMORY = STATUS_NO_MEMORY,
+    INVALID_OPERATION = STATUS_INVALID_OPERATION,
+    BAD_VALUE = STATUS_BAD_VALUE,
+    BAD_TYPE = STATUS_BAD_TYPE,
+    NAME_NOT_FOUND = STATUS_NAME_NOT_FOUND,
+    PERMISSION_DENIED = STATUS_PERMISSION_DENIED,
+    NO_INIT = STATUS_NO_INIT,
+    ALREADY_EXISTS = STATUS_ALREADY_EXISTS,
+    DEAD_OBJECT = STATUS_DEAD_OBJECT,
+    FAILED_TRANSACTION = STATUS_FAILED_TRANSACTION,
+    BAD_INDEX = STATUS_BAD_INDEX,
+    NOT_ENOUGH_DATA = STATUS_NOT_ENOUGH_DATA,
+    WOULD_BLOCK = STATUS_WOULD_BLOCK,
+    TIMED_OUT = STATUS_TIMED_OUT,
+    UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION = STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION,
+    FDS_NOT_ALLOWED = STATUS_FDS_NOT_ALLOWED,
+    UNEXPECTED_NULL = STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL,
+};
+
+// Expose exception codes from anonymous enum in binder_status.h
+enum ExceptionCode {
+    NONE = EX_NONE,
+    SECURITY = EX_SECURITY,
+    BAD_PARCELABLE = EX_BAD_PARCELABLE,
+    ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+    NULL_POINTER = EX_NULL_POINTER,
+    ILLEGAL_STATE = EX_ILLEGAL_STATE,
+    NETWORK_MAIN_THREAD = EX_NETWORK_MAIN_THREAD,
+    UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION = EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION,
+    SERVICE_SPECIFIC = EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC,
+    PARCELABLE = EX_PARCELABLE,
+
+    /**
+     * This is special, and indicates to native binder proxies that the
+     * transaction has failed at a low level.
+     */
+    TRANSACTION_FAILED = EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED,
+};
+
+namespace consts {
+
+enum {
+    FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION = FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
+    LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION = LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
+};
+
+enum {
+    FLAG_ONEWAY = FLAG_ONEWAY,
+};
+
+} // namespace consts
+
+} // namespace c_interface
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/sys/lib.rs b/libs/binder/rust/sys/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9095af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/sys/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Generated Rust bindings to libbinder_ndk
+
+#![allow(
+    non_camel_case_types,
+    non_snake_case,
+    non_upper_case_globals,
+    unused,
+    improper_ctypes,
+    missing_docs
+)]
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/bindings.rs"));
+
+impl Error for android_c_interface_StatusCode {}
+
+impl fmt::Display for android_c_interface_StatusCode {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "StatusCode::{:?}", self)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3db40ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+rust_test {
+    name: "rustBinderTest",
+    srcs: ["integration.rs"],
+    rustlibs: [
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "libselinux_bindgen",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libselinux",
+    ],
+    // For the binaries to be pushed properly as specified in AndroidTest.xml,
+    // this cannot be the same as the module name.
+    stem: "rustBinderTestClientBinary",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "rustBinderTestService",
+    srcs: ["integration.rs"],
+    rustlibs: [
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "liblibc",
+    ],
+    // For the binaries to be pushed properly as specified in AndroidTest.xml,
+    // this cannot be the same as the module name.
+    stem: "rustBinderTestServiceBinary",
+    test_harness: false,
+    // TODO(b/164473602): Remove this setting and add the module to `data`
+    // attribute of rustBinderTest.
+    auto_gen_config: false,
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/test/AndroidTest.xml b/libs/binder/rust/tests/AndroidTest.xml
similarity index 61%
rename from libs/binder/ndk/test/AndroidTest.xml
rename to libs/binder/rust/tests/AndroidTest.xml
index 89646f7..d8d735d 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/test/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 
      Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -13,20 +13,16 @@
      See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
      limitations under the License.
 -->
-<configuration description="Runs binderVendorDoubleLoadTest.">
-    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
-    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
-
+<configuration description="Runs Binder Rust integration tests.">
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
-
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
         <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
-        <option name="push" value="binderVendorDoubleLoadTest->/data/nativetest/vendor/binderVendorDoubleLoadTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="rustBinderTestClientBinary->/data/local/tmp/rustBinderTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="rustBinderTestServiceBinary->/data/local/tmp/rustBinderTestService" />
     </target_preparer>
 
-    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
-        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/nativetest/vendor" />
-        <option name="module-name" value="binderVendorDoubleLoadTest" />
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.rust.RustBinaryTest" >
+        <option name="test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="rustBinderTest" />
     </test>
 </configuration>
-
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs b/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..953d328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Rust Binder crate integration tests
+
+use binder::declare_binder_interface;
+use binder::parcel::Parcel;
+use binder::{Binder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode, ThreadState, TransactionCode};
+use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
+
+/// Name of service runner.
+///
+/// Must match the binary name in Android.bp
+const RUST_SERVICE_BINARY: &str = "rustBinderTestService";
+
+/// Binary to run a test service.
+///
+/// This needs to be in a separate process from the tests, so we spawn this
+/// binary as a child, providing the service name as an argument.
+fn main() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
+    // Ensure that we can handle all transactions on the main thread.
+    binder::ProcessState::set_thread_pool_max_thread_count(0);
+    binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();
+
+    let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
+    if args.len() < 1 || args.len() > 2 {
+        print_usage();
+        return Err("");
+    }
+    let service_name = args.next().ok_or_else(|| {
+        print_usage();
+        "Missing SERVICE_NAME argument"
+    })?;
+    let extension_name = args.next();
+
+    {
+        let mut service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
+            s: service_name.clone(),
+        })));
+        service.set_requesting_sid(true);
+        if let Some(extension_name) = extension_name {
+            let extension = BnTest::new_binder(TestService { s: extension_name });
+            service
+                .set_extension(&mut extension.as_binder())
+                .expect("Could not add extension");
+        }
+        binder::add_service(&service_name, service.as_binder())
+            .expect("Could not register service");
+    }
+
+    binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool();
+    Err("Unexpected exit after join_thread_pool")
+}
+
+fn print_usage() {
+    eprintln!(
+        "Usage: {} SERVICE_NAME [EXTENSION_NAME]",
+        RUST_SERVICE_BINARY
+    );
+    eprintln!(concat!(
+        "Spawn a Binder test service identified by SERVICE_NAME,",
+        " optionally with an extesion named EXTENSION_NAME",
+    ));
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct TestService {
+    s: String,
+}
+
+#[repr(u32)]
+enum TestTransactionCode {
+    Test = SpIBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
+    GetSelinuxContext,
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<u32> for TestTransactionCode {
+    type Error = StatusCode;
+
+    fn try_from(c: u32) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match c {
+            _ if c == TestTransactionCode::Test as u32 => Ok(TestTransactionCode::Test),
+            _ if c == TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as u32 => {
+                Ok(TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext)
+            }
+            _ => Err(StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Interface for TestService {}
+
+impl ITest for TestService {
+    fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        Ok(self.s.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        let sid =
+            ThreadState::with_calling_sid(|sid| sid.map(|s| s.to_string_lossy().into_owned()));
+        sid.ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Trivial testing binder interface
+pub trait ITest: Interface {
+    /// Returns a test string
+    fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;
+
+    /// Returns the caller's SELinux context
+    fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;
+}
+
+declare_binder_interface! {
+    ITest["android.os.ITest"] {
+        native: BnTest(on_transact),
+        proxy: BpTest {
+            x: i32 = 100
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+fn on_transact(
+    service: &dyn ITest,
+    code: TransactionCode,
+    _data: &Parcel,
+    reply: &mut Parcel,
+) -> binder::Result<()> {
+    match code.try_into()? {
+        TestTransactionCode::Test => reply.write(&service.test()?),
+        TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext => reply.write(&service.get_selinux_context()?),
+    }
+}
+
+impl ITest for BpTest {
+    fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        let reply =
+            self.binder
+                .transact(TestTransactionCode::Test as TransactionCode, 0, |_| Ok(()))?;
+        reply.read()
+    }
+
+    fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        let reply = self.binder.transact(
+            TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as TransactionCode,
+            0,
+            |_| Ok(()),
+        )?;
+        reply.read()
+    }
+}
+
+impl ITest for Binder<BnTest> {
+    fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        self.0.test()
+    }
+
+    fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        self.0.get_selinux_context()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use selinux_bindgen as selinux_sys;
+    use std::ffi::CStr;
+    use std::fs::File;
+    use std::process::{Child, Command};
+    use std::ptr;
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+    use std::thread;
+    use std::time::Duration;
+
+    use binder::{DeathRecipient, FromIBinder, IBinder, SpIBinder, StatusCode};
+
+    use super::{ITest, RUST_SERVICE_BINARY};
+
+    pub struct ScopedServiceProcess(Child);
+
+    impl ScopedServiceProcess {
+        pub fn new(identifier: &str) -> Self {
+            Self::new_internal(identifier, None)
+        }
+
+        pub fn new_with_extension(identifier: &str, extension: &str) -> Self {
+            Self::new_internal(identifier, Some(extension))
+        }
+
+        fn new_internal(identifier: &str, extension: Option<&str>) -> Self {
+            let mut binary_path =
+                std::env::current_exe().expect("Could not retrieve current executable path");
+            binary_path.pop();
+            binary_path.push(RUST_SERVICE_BINARY);
+            let mut command = Command::new(&binary_path);
+            command.arg(identifier);
+            if let Some(ext) = extension {
+                command.arg(ext);
+            }
+            let child = command.spawn().expect("Could not start service");
+            Self(child)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Drop for ScopedServiceProcess {
+        fn drop(&mut self) {
+            self.0.kill().expect("Could not kill child process");
+            self.0
+                .wait()
+                .expect("Could not wait for child process to die");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn check_services() {
+        let mut sm = binder::get_service("manager").expect("Did not get manager binder service");
+        assert!(sm.is_binder_alive());
+        assert!(sm.ping_binder().is_ok());
+
+        assert!(binder::get_service("this_service_does_not_exist").is_none());
+        assert_eq!(
+            binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("this_service_does_not_exist").err(),
+            Some(StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND)
+        );
+
+        // The service manager service isn't an ITest, so this must fail.
+        assert_eq!(
+            binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("manager").err(),
+            Some(StatusCode::BAD_TYPE)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn trivial_client() {
+        let service_name = "trivial_client_test";
+        let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+        let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
+            binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
+        assert_eq!(test_client.test().unwrap(), "trivial_client_test");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn get_selinux_context() {
+        let service_name = "get_selinux_context";
+        let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+        let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
+            binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
+        let expected_context = unsafe {
+            let mut out_ptr = ptr::null_mut();
+            assert_eq!(selinux_sys::getcon(&mut out_ptr), 0);
+            assert!(!out_ptr.is_null());
+            CStr::from_ptr(out_ptr)
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            test_client.get_selinux_context().unwrap(),
+            expected_context.to_str().expect("context was invalid UTF-8"),
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn register_death_notification(binder: &mut SpIBinder) -> (Arc<AtomicBool>, DeathRecipient) {
+        let binder_died = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+
+        let mut death_recipient = {
+            let flag = binder_died.clone();
+            DeathRecipient::new(move || {
+                flag.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            })
+        };
+
+        binder
+            .link_to_death(&mut death_recipient)
+            .expect("link_to_death failed");
+
+        (binder_died, death_recipient)
+    }
+
+    /// Killing a remote service should unregister the service and trigger
+    /// death notifications.
+    #[test]
+    fn test_death_notifications() {
+        binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();
+
+        let service_name = "test_death_notifications";
+        let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+        let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");
+
+        let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);
+
+        drop(service_process);
+        remote
+            .ping_binder()
+            .expect_err("Service should have died already");
+
+        // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
+
+        assert!(
+            binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            "Did not receive death notification"
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Test unregistering death notifications.
+    #[test]
+    fn test_unregister_death_notifications() {
+        binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();
+
+        let service_name = "test_unregister_death_notifications";
+        let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+        let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");
+
+        let (binder_died, mut recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);
+
+        remote
+            .unlink_to_death(&mut recipient)
+            .expect("Could not unlink death notifications");
+
+        drop(service_process);
+        remote
+            .ping_binder()
+            .expect_err("Service should have died already");
+
+        // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
+
+        assert!(
+            !binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            "Received unexpected death notification after unlinking",
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Dropping a remote handle should unregister any death notifications.
+    #[test]
+    fn test_death_notification_registration_lifetime() {
+        binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();
+
+        let service_name = "test_death_notification_registration_lifetime";
+        let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+        let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");
+
+        let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);
+
+        // This should automatically unregister our death notification.
+        drop(remote);
+
+        drop(service_process);
+
+        // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
+
+        // We dropped the remote handle, so we should not receive the death
+        // notification when the remote process dies here.
+        assert!(
+            !binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            "Received unexpected death notification after dropping remote handle"
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Test IBinder interface methods not exercised elsewhere.
+    #[test]
+    fn test_misc_ibinder() {
+        let service_name = "rust_test_ibinder";
+
+        {
+            let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+
+            let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
+            assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());
+            remote.ping_binder().expect("Could not ping remote service");
+
+            // We're not testing the output of dump here, as that's really a
+            // property of the C++ implementation. There is the risk that the
+            // method just does nothing, but we don't want to depend on any
+            // particular output from the underlying library.
+            let null_out = File::open("/dev/null").expect("Could not open /dev/null");
+            remote
+                .dump(&null_out, &[])
+                .expect("Could not dump remote service");
+        }
+
+        // get/set_extensions is tested in test_extensions()
+
+        // transact is tested everywhere else, and we can't make raw
+        // transactions outside the [FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
+        // LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION] range from the NDK anyway.
+
+        // link_to_death is tested in test_*_death_notification* tests.
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_extensions() {
+        let service_name = "rust_test_extensions";
+        let extension_name = "rust_test_extensions_ext";
+
+        {
+            let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
+
+            let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
+            assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());
+
+            let extension = remote
+                .get_extension()
+                .expect("Could not check for an extension");
+            assert!(extension.is_none());
+        }
+
+        {
+            let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new_with_extension(service_name, extension_name);
+
+            let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
+            assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());
+
+            let maybe_extension = remote
+                .get_extension()
+                .expect("Could not check for an extension");
+
+            let extension = maybe_extension.expect("Remote binder did not have an extension");
+
+            let extension: Box<dyn ITest> = FromIBinder::try_from(extension)
+                .expect("Extension could not be converted to the expected interface");
+
+            assert_eq!(extension.test().unwrap(), extension_name);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
index c0da2cd..a03835b 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@
         "binderStabilityTest.cpp",
     ],
 
+    // critical that libbinder/libbinder_ndk are shared for VTS
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "libbinder",
@@ -166,6 +167,21 @@
         "binderStabilityTestIface-ndk_platform",
     ],
 
+    test_suites: ["device-tests", "vts"],
+    require_root: true,
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderAllocationLimits",
+    defaults: ["binder_test_defaults"],
+    srcs: ["binderAllocationLimits.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "libutilscallstack",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
     require_root: true,
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1f5ed5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <utils/CallStack.h>
+
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <functional>
+#include <vector>
+
+struct DestructionAction {
+    DestructionAction(std::function<void()> f) : mF(std::move(f)) {}
+    ~DestructionAction() { mF(); };
+private:
+    std::function<void()> mF;
+};
+
+// Group of hooks
+struct MallocHooks {
+    decltype(__malloc_hook) malloc_hook;
+    decltype(__realloc_hook) realloc_hook;
+
+    static MallocHooks save() {
+        return {
+            .malloc_hook = __malloc_hook,
+            .realloc_hook = __realloc_hook,
+        };
+    }
+
+    void overwrite() const {
+        __malloc_hook = malloc_hook;
+        __realloc_hook = realloc_hook;
+    }
+};
+
+static const MallocHooks orig_malloc_hooks = MallocHooks::save();
+
+// When malloc is hit, executes lambda.
+namespace LambdaHooks {
+    using AllocationHook = std::function<void(size_t)>;
+    static std::vector<AllocationHook> lambdas = {};
+
+    static void* lambda_realloc_hook(void* ptr, size_t bytes, const void* arg);
+    static void* lambda_malloc_hook(size_t bytes, const void* arg);
+
+    static const MallocHooks lambda_malloc_hooks = {
+        .malloc_hook = lambda_malloc_hook,
+        .realloc_hook = lambda_realloc_hook,
+    };
+
+    static void* lambda_malloc_hook(size_t bytes, const void* arg) {
+        {
+            orig_malloc_hooks.overwrite();
+            lambdas.at(lambdas.size() - 1)(bytes);
+            lambda_malloc_hooks.overwrite();
+        }
+        return orig_malloc_hooks.malloc_hook(bytes, arg);
+    }
+
+    static void* lambda_realloc_hook(void* ptr, size_t bytes, const void* arg) {
+        {
+            orig_malloc_hooks.overwrite();
+            lambdas.at(lambdas.size() - 1)(bytes);
+            lambda_malloc_hooks.overwrite();
+        }
+        return orig_malloc_hooks.realloc_hook(ptr, bytes, arg);
+    }
+
+}
+
+// Action to execute when malloc is hit. Supports nesting. Malloc is not
+// restricted when the allocation hook is being processed.
+__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
+DestructionAction OnMalloc(LambdaHooks::AllocationHook f) {
+    MallocHooks before = MallocHooks::save();
+    LambdaHooks::lambdas.emplace_back(std::move(f));
+    LambdaHooks::lambda_malloc_hooks.overwrite();
+    return DestructionAction([before]() {
+        before.overwrite();
+        LambdaHooks::lambdas.pop_back();
+    });
+}
+
+// exported symbol, to force compiler not to optimize away pointers we set here
+const void* imaginary_use;
+
+TEST(TestTheTest, OnMalloc) {
+    size_t mallocs = 0;
+    {
+        const auto on_malloc = OnMalloc([&](size_t bytes) {
+            mallocs++;
+            EXPECT_EQ(bytes, 40);
+        });
+
+        imaginary_use = new int[10];
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(mallocs, 1);
+}
+
+
+__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
+DestructionAction ScopeDisallowMalloc() {
+    return OnMalloc([&](size_t bytes) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Unexpected allocation: " << bytes;
+        using android::CallStack;
+        std::cout << CallStack::stackToString("UNEXPECTED ALLOCATION", CallStack::getCurrent(4 /*ignoreDepth*/).get())
+                  << std::endl;
+    });
+}
+
+using android::IBinder;
+using android::Parcel;
+using android::String16;
+using android::defaultServiceManager;
+using android::sp;
+using android::IServiceManager;
+
+static sp<IBinder> GetRemoteBinder() {
+    // This gets binder representing the service manager
+    // the current IServiceManager API doesn't expose the binder, and
+    // I want to avoid adding usages of the AIDL generated interface it
+    // is using underneath, so to avoid people copying it.
+    sp<IBinder> binder = defaultServiceManager()->checkService(String16("manager"));
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, binder);
+    return binder;
+}
+
+TEST(BinderAllocation, ParcelOnStack) {
+    const auto m = ScopeDisallowMalloc();
+    Parcel p;
+    imaginary_use = p.data();
+}
+
+TEST(BinderAllocation, GetServiceManager) {
+    defaultServiceManager(); // first call may alloc
+    const auto m = ScopeDisallowMalloc();
+    defaultServiceManager();
+}
+
+// note, ping does not include interface descriptor
+TEST(BinderAllocation, PingTransaction) {
+    sp<IBinder> a_binder = GetRemoteBinder();
+    const auto m = ScopeDisallowMalloc();
+    a_binder->pingBinder();
+}
+
+TEST(BinderAllocation, SmallTransaction) {
+    String16 empty_descriptor = String16("");
+    sp<IServiceManager> manager = defaultServiceManager();
+
+    size_t mallocs = 0;
+    const auto on_malloc = OnMalloc([&](size_t bytes) {
+        mallocs++;
+        // Parcel should allocate a small amount by default
+        EXPECT_EQ(bytes, 128);
+    });
+    manager->checkService(empty_descriptor);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(mallocs, 1);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    if (getenv("LIBC_HOOKS_ENABLE") == nullptr) {
+        CHECK(0 == setenv("LIBC_HOOKS_ENABLE", "1", true /*overwrite*/));
+        execv(argv[0], argv);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderThroughputTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderThroughputTest.cpp
index b790997..3b1faa8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderThroughputTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderThroughputTest.cpp
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
         if (time > max_time_bucket) {
             m_long_transactions++;
         }
-        m_buckets[min(time, max_time_bucket-1) / time_per_bucket] += 1;
+        m_buckets[min((uint32_t)(time / time_per_bucket), num_buckets - 1)] += 1;
         m_best = min(time, m_best);
         m_worst = max(time, m_worst);
         m_transactions += 1;
diff --git a/libs/binderthreadstate/test.cpp b/libs/binderthreadstate/test.cpp
index 68cc225..44e2fd1 100644
--- a/libs/binderthreadstate/test.cpp
+++ b/libs/binderthreadstate/test.cpp
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@
     android::ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
 
     // HIDL
-    setenv("TREBLE_TESTING_OVERRIDE", "true", true);
     android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(1, true /*callerWillJoin*/);
     sp<IHidlStuff> hidlServer = new HidlServer(thisId, otherId);
     CHECK(OK == hidlServer->registerAsService(id2name(thisId).c_str()));
@@ -176,7 +175,7 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    setenv("TREBLE_TESTING_OVERRIDE", "true", true);
+    android::hardware::details::setTrebleTestingOverride(true);
     if (fork() == 0) {
         prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
         return server(kP1Id, kP2Id);
diff --git a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
index 50f6289..5e785b6 100644
--- a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
+++ b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= (maxFreqCount - 1) / FREQS_PER_ENTRY; ++i) {
         key.bucket = i;
         if (findMapEntry(gTisMapFd, &key, vals.data())) {
-            if (errno != ENOENT) return {};
+            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gTisMapFd, &key)) return {};
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
     time_key_t key = {.uid = uid};
     for (key.bucket = 0; key.bucket <= (gNCpus - 1) / CPUS_PER_ENTRY; ++key.bucket) {
         if (findMapEntry(gConcurrentMapFd, &key, vals.data())) {
-            if (errno != ENOENT) return {};
+            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gConcurrentMapFd, &key)) return {};
             continue;
         }
         auto offset = key.bucket * CPUS_PER_ENTRY;
diff --git a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
index fd557b7..2e14408 100644
--- a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
+++ b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@
         "android.hardware.audio@4.0::IDevicesFactory",
         "android.hardware.audio@5.0::IDevicesFactory",
         "android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevicesFactory",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@1.0::IAudioControl",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@2.0::IAudioControl",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsCamera",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0::IVehicle",
         "android.hardware.biometrics.face@1.0::IBiometricsFace",
         "android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::IBiometricsFingerprint",
         "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHci",
@@ -67,16 +71,12 @@
         "android.hardware.media.c2@1.0::IComponentStore",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmx",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxStore",
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IDevice",
         "android.hardware.power@1.3::IPower",
         "android.hardware.power.stats@1.0::IPowerStats",
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors",
         "android.hardware.thermal@2.0::IThermal",
         "android.hardware.vr@1.0::IVr",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@1.0::IAudioControl",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@2.0::IAudioControl",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0::IVehicle",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsCamera",
-        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IDevice",
         NULL,
 };
 
diff --git a/libs/fakeservicemanager/Android.bp b/libs/fakeservicemanager/Android.bp
index de32ff4..6909637 100644
--- a/libs/fakeservicemanager/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/fakeservicemanager/Android.bp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "fakeservicemanager_defaults",
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "ServiceManager.cpp",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/gralloc/OWNERS b/libs/gralloc/OWNERS
index 67743cd..4a95778 100644
--- a/libs/gralloc/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/gralloc/OWNERS
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-marissaw@google.com
+chrisforbes@google.com
 vhau@google.com
diff --git a/libs/gralloc/types/Gralloc4.cpp b/libs/gralloc/types/Gralloc4.cpp
index 53c68b7..e2f072a 100644
--- a/libs/gralloc/types/Gralloc4.cpp
+++ b/libs/gralloc/types/Gralloc4.cpp
@@ -706,35 +706,35 @@
         return err;
     }
 
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.offsetInBytes), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.offsetInBytes), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.sampleIncrementInBits), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.sampleIncrementInBits), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.strideInBytes), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.strideInBytes), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.widthInSamples), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.widthInSamples), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.heightInSamples), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.heightInSamples), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.totalSizeInBytes), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.totalSizeInBytes), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.horizontalSubsampling), output);
+    err = encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.horizontalSubsampling), output);
     if (err) {
         return err;
     }
-    return encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(input.verticalSubsampling), output);
+    return encodeInteger<int64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(input.verticalSubsampling), output);
 }
 
 status_t decodePlaneLayout(InputHidlVec* input, PlaneLayout* output) {
diff --git a/libs/gui/BufferHubProducer.cpp b/libs/gui/BufferHubProducer.cpp
index 489f3c3..1f71e23 100644
--- a/libs/gui/BufferHubProducer.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/BufferHubProducer.cpp
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@
     // relationship, thus |getConsumerName| from the producer side does not
     // make any sense.
     ALOGE("BufferHubProducer::getConsumerName not supported.");
-    return String8("BufferHubQueue::DummyConsumer");
+    return String8("BufferHubQueue::StubConsumer");
 }
 
 status_t BufferHubProducer::setSharedBufferMode(bool shared_buffer_mode) {
diff --git a/libs/gui/GLConsumer.cpp b/libs/gui/GLConsumer.cpp
index 59f1bcd..30d19e3 100644
--- a/libs/gui/GLConsumer.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/GLConsumer.cpp
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@
         mCurrentFenceTime = FenceTime::NO_FENCE;
 
         if (mAttached) {
-            // This binds a dummy buffer (mReleasedTexImage).
+            // This binds a buffer placeholder (mReleasedTexImage).
             status_t result = bindTextureImageLocked();
             if (result != NO_ERROR) {
                 return result;
diff --git a/libs/gui/IProducerListener.cpp b/libs/gui/IProducerListener.cpp
index 5c81b9d..0683087 100644
--- a/libs/gui/IProducerListener.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/IProducerListener.cpp
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
     return BBinder::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
 }
 
-DummyProducerListener::~DummyProducerListener() = default;
+StubProducerListener::~StubProducerListener() = default;
 
 bool BnProducerListener::needsReleaseNotify() {
     return true;
diff --git a/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp b/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
index e43446a..0281279 100644
--- a/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
@@ -176,7 +176,12 @@
         sidebandStream = NativeHandle::create(input.readNativeHandle(), true);
     }
 
-    colorTransform = mat4(static_cast<const float*>(input.readInplace(16 * sizeof(float))));
+    const void* color_transform_data = input.readInplace(16 * sizeof(float));
+    if (color_transform_data) {
+        colorTransform = mat4(static_cast<const float*>(color_transform_data));
+    } else {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
     cornerRadius = input.readFloat();
     backgroundBlurRadius = input.readUint32();
     cachedBuffer.token = input.readStrongBinder();
diff --git a/libs/gui/OWNERS b/libs/gui/OWNERS
index c13401d..ecccf29 100644
--- a/libs/gui/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/gui/OWNERS
@@ -1,12 +1,25 @@
 adyabr@google.com
 akrulec@google.com
 alecmouri@google.com
+chaviw@google.com
+chrisforbes@google.com
 jessehall@google.com
-jwcai@google.com
 lpy@google.com
-marissaw@google.com
 mathias@google.com
 racarr@google.com
 steventhomas@google.com
 stoza@google.com
 vhau@google.com
+vishnun@google.com
+
+per-file EndToEndNativeInputTest.cpp = svv@google.com
+
+# BufferQueue is feature-frozen
+per-file BufferQueue* = set noparent
+per-file BufferQueue* = jreck@google.com, sumir@google.com, alecmouri@google.com
+per-file IGraphicBuffer* = set noparent
+per-file IGraphicBuffer* = jreck@google.com, sumir@google.com, alecmouri@google.com
+per-file include/gui/BufferQueue* = set noparent
+per-file include/gui/BufferQueue* = jreck@google.com, sumir@google.com, alecmouri@google.com
+per-file include/gui/IGraphicBuffer* = set noparent
+per-file include/gui/IGraphicBuffer* = jreck@google.com, sumir@google.com, alecmouri@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
index e1a17db..d6f9e63 100644
--- a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
@@ -1519,7 +1519,7 @@
 }
 
 int Surface::connect(int api) {
-    static sp<IProducerListener> listener = new DummyProducerListener();
+    static sp<IProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
     return connect(api, listener);
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/bufferqueue/OWNERS b/libs/gui/bufferqueue/OWNERS
index cbe9317..615dd79 100644
--- a/libs/gui/bufferqueue/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/gui/bufferqueue/OWNERS
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-chz@google.com
-lajos@google.com
-pawin@google.com
-taklee@google.com
-wonsik@google.com
+# BufferQueue is feature-frozen
+jreck@google.com
+sumir@google.com
+alecmouri@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/GLConsumer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/GLConsumer.h
index ddd868d..2f538ff 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/GLConsumer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/GLConsumer.h
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@
     // protects static initialization
     static Mutex sStaticInitLock;
 
-    // mReleasedTexImageBuffer is a dummy buffer used when in single buffer
+    // mReleasedTexImageBuffer is a buffer placeholder used when in single buffer
     // mode and releaseTexImage() has been called
     static sp<GraphicBuffer> sReleasedTexImageBuffer;
     sp<EglImage> mReleasedTexImage;
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.h
index d7f3492..45e0a13 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.h
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
     // the producer wants to be notified when the consumer releases a buffer
     // back to the BufferQueue. It is also used to detect the death of the
     // producer. If only the latter functionality is desired, there is a
-    // DummyProducerListener class in IProducerListener.h that can be used.
+    // StubProducerListener class in IProducerListener.h that can be used.
     //
     // The api should be one of the NATIVE_WINDOW_API_* values in <window.h>
     //
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/IProducerListener.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/IProducerListener.h
index 0b1f4b5..f7ffbb9 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/IProducerListener.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/IProducerListener.h
@@ -80,10 +80,9 @@
 class BnProducerListener : public IProducerListener {
 };
 #endif
-class DummyProducerListener : public BnProducerListener
-{
+class StubProducerListener : public BnProducerListener {
 public:
-    virtual ~DummyProducerListener();
+    virtual ~StubProducerListener();
     virtual void onBufferReleased() {}
     virtual bool needsReleaseNotify() { return false; }
 };
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/bufferqueue/1.0/WGraphicBufferProducer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/bufferqueue/1.0/WGraphicBufferProducer.h
index 99ab085..004d875 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/bufferqueue/1.0/WGraphicBufferProducer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/bufferqueue/1.0/WGraphicBufferProducer.h
@@ -51,12 +51,14 @@
 typedef ::android::IProducerListener BProducerListener;
 
 #ifndef LOG
-struct LOG_dummy {
+struct LOG_stub {
     template <typename T>
-    LOG_dummy& operator<< (const T&) { return *this; }
+    LOG_stub& operator<<(const T&) {
+        return *this;
+    }
 };
 
-#define LOG(x)  LOG_dummy()
+#define LOG(x) LOG_stub()
 #endif
 
 // Instantiate only if HGraphicBufferProducer is base of BASE.
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
index d929a59..da5bbdd 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, igbProducer->setMaxDequeuedBufferCount(2));
         IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbOutput;
         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
-                  igbProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
+                  igbProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
                                        &qbOutput));
         ASSERT_NE(ui::Transform::ROT_INVALID, qbOutput.transformHint);
         producer = igbProducer;
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/BufferItemConsumer_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/BufferItemConsumer_test.cpp
index b87cbbd..fc6551c 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/BufferItemConsumer_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/BufferItemConsumer_test.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
         mBFL = new BufferFreedListener(this);
         mBIC->setBufferFreedListener(mBFL);
 
-        sp<IProducerListener> producerListener = new DummyProducerListener();
+        sp<IProducerListener> producerListener = new StubProducerListener();
         IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput bufferOutput;
         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
                   mProducer->connect(producerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU,
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 // Test that detaching buffer from consumer side triggers onBufferFreed.
 TEST_F(BufferItemConsumerTest, TriggerBufferFreed_DetachBufferFromConsumer) {
     int slot;
-    // Producer: generate a dummy buffer.
+    // Producer: generate a placeholder buffer.
     DequeueBuffer(&slot);
     QueueBuffer(slot);
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/BufferQueue_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/BufferQueue_test.cpp
index 6d7b6bb..d1208ee 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/BufferQueue_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/BufferQueue_test.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "BufferQueue_test"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
-#include "DummyConsumer.h"
+#include "MockConsumer.h"
 
 #include <gui/BufferItem.h>
 #include <gui/BufferQueue.h>
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@
     mConsumer = interface_cast<IGraphicBufferConsumer>(binderConsumer);
     EXPECT_TRUE(mConsumer != nullptr);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
     ASSERT_EQ(OK,
             mProducer->connect(nullptr, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
@@ -171,23 +171,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, GetMaxBufferCountInQueueBufferOutput_Succeeds) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
     int bufferCount = 50;
     mConsumer->setMaxBufferCount(bufferCount);
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output);
+    mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output);
     ASSERT_EQ(output.maxBufferCount, bufferCount);
 }
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, AcquireBuffer_ExceedsMaxAcquireCount_Fails) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbo;
-    mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
-            &qbo);
+    mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbo);
     mProducer->setMaxDequeuedBufferCount(3);
 
     int slot;
@@ -219,15 +218,14 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, SetMaxAcquiredBufferCountWithIllegalValues_ReturnsError) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->setMaxBufferCount(10));
     EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mConsumer->setMaxAcquiredBufferCount(10));
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbo;
-    mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
-            &qbo);
+    mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbo);
     mProducer->setMaxDequeuedBufferCount(3);
 
     int minBufferCount;
@@ -263,12 +261,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, SetMaxAcquiredBufferCountWithLegalValues_Succeeds) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbo;
-    mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
-            &qbo);
+    mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbo);
     mProducer->setMaxDequeuedBufferCount(2);
 
     int minBufferCount;
@@ -310,8 +307,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, SetMaxBufferCountWithLegalValues_Succeeds) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
 
     // Test shared buffer mode
     EXPECT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->setMaxAcquiredBufferCount(1));
@@ -319,8 +316,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, SetMaxBufferCountWithIllegalValues_ReturnsError) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mConsumer->setMaxBufferCount(0));
     EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mConsumer->setMaxBufferCount(
@@ -332,11 +329,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, DetachAndReattachOnProducerSide) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->detachBuffer(-1)); // Index too low
     ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->detachBuffer(
@@ -386,11 +383,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, DetachAndReattachOnConsumerSide) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
 
     int slot;
     sp<Fence> fence;
@@ -445,11 +442,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, MoveFromConsumerToProducer) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
 
     int slot;
     sp<Fence> fence;
@@ -488,11 +485,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestDisallowingAllocation) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     static const uint32_t WIDTH = 320;
     static const uint32_t HEIGHT = 240;
@@ -526,11 +523,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestGenerationNumbers) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->setGenerationNumber(1));
 
@@ -568,11 +565,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestSharedBufferModeWithoutAutoRefresh) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->setSharedBufferMode(true));
 
@@ -618,11 +615,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestSharedBufferModeWithAutoRefresh) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->setSharedBufferMode(true));
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->setAutoRefresh(true));
@@ -687,11 +684,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestSharedBufferModeUsingAlreadyDequeuedBuffer) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     // Dequeue a buffer
     int sharedSlot;
@@ -738,11 +735,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestTimeouts) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     // Fill up the queue. Since the controlledByApp flags are set to true, this
     // queue should be in non-blocking mode, and we should be recycling the same
@@ -800,11 +797,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, CanAttachWhileDisallowingAllocation) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     int slot = BufferQueue::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
     sp<Fence> sourceFence;
@@ -822,11 +819,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, CanRetrieveLastQueuedBuffer) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
 
     // Dequeue and queue the first buffer, storing the handle
     int slot = BufferQueue::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
@@ -876,11 +873,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestOccupancyHistory) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &output));
 
     int slot = BufferQueue::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
     sp<Fence> fence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
@@ -1030,8 +1027,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestDiscardFreeBuffers) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, false));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, false));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
     sp<BufferDiscardedListener> pl(new BufferDiscardedListener);
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(pl,
@@ -1115,11 +1112,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestBufferReplacedInQueueBuffer) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              mProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->setMaxAcquiredBufferCount(1));
 
     int slot = BufferQueue::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
@@ -1156,12 +1153,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestStaleBufferHandleSentAfterDisconnect) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    sp<IProducerListener> dummyListener(new DummyProducerListener);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(dummyListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU,
-            true, &output));
+    sp<IProducerListener> fakeListener(new StubProducerListener);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(fakeListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
 
     int slot = BufferQueue::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
     sp<Fence> fence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
@@ -1215,15 +1211,13 @@
 
 TEST_F(BufferQueueTest, TestProducerConnectDisconnect) {
     createBufferQueue();
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dc(new DummyConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(dc, true));
+    sp<MockConsumer> mc(new MockConsumer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mConsumer->consumerConnect(mc, true));
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-    sp<IProducerListener> dummyListener(new DummyProducerListener);
+    sp<IProducerListener> fakeListener(new StubProducerListener);
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_INIT, mProducer->disconnect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU));
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(
-            dummyListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
-    ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(
-            dummyListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_MEDIA, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(fakeListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &output));
+    ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(fakeListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_MEDIA, true, &output));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->disconnect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_MEDIA));
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->disconnect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU));
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/IGraphicBufferProducer_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/IGraphicBufferProducer_test.cpp
index 103f775..15bd32d 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/IGraphicBufferProducer_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/IGraphicBufferProducer_test.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "IGraphicBufferProducer_test"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
-#include "DummyConsumer.h"
+#include "MockConsumer.h"
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
         ALOGV("Begin test: %s.%s", testInfo->test_case_name(),
                 testInfo->name());
 
-        mDC = new DummyConsumer;
+        mMC = new MockConsumer;
 
         switch (GetParam()) {
             case USE_BUFFER_QUEUE_PRODUCER: {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
         }
 
         // Must connect consumer before producer connects will succeed.
-        ASSERT_OK(mConsumer->consumerConnect(mDC, /*controlledByApp*/false));
+        ASSERT_OK(mConsumer->consumerConnect(mMC, /*controlledByApp*/ false));
     }
 
     virtual void TearDown() {
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
     }
 
 private: // hide from test body
-    sp<DummyConsumer> mDC;
+    sp<MockConsumer> mMC;
 
 protected: // accessible from test body
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> mProducer;
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Malicious.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Malicious.cpp
index acd4297..58d7cc6 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Malicious.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Malicious.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
     int32_t mExpectedSlot = 0;
 };
 
-class DummyListener : public BnConsumerListener {
+class FakeListener : public BnConsumerListener {
 public:
     void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem&) override {}
     void onBuffersReleased() override {}
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    sp<IConsumerListener> listener = new DummyListener;
+    sp<IConsumerListener> listener = new FakeListener;
     consumer->consumerConnect(listener, false);
 
     sp<MaliciousBQP> malicious = new MaliciousBQP(producer);
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/DummyConsumer.h b/libs/gui/tests/MockConsumer.h
similarity index 94%
rename from libs/gui/tests/DummyConsumer.h
rename to libs/gui/tests/MockConsumer.h
index 502bdf9..4a6c51c 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/DummyConsumer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/MockConsumer.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
     void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
     void onBuffersReleased() override {}
     void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/StreamSplitter_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/StreamSplitter_test.cpp
index ad6e051..b65cdda 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/StreamSplitter_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/StreamSplitter_test.cpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-struct DummyListener : public BnConsumerListener {
+struct FakeListener : public BnConsumerListener {
     virtual void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) {}
     virtual void onBuffersReleased() {}
     virtual void onSidebandStreamChanged() {}
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> outputProducer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> outputConsumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&outputProducer, &outputConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumer->consumerConnect(new DummyListener, false));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumer->consumerConnect(new FakeListener, false));
 
     sp<StreamSplitter> splitter;
     status_t status = StreamSplitter::createSplitter(inputConsumer, &splitter);
@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputProducer->allowAllocation(false));
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbOutput;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, inputProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbOutput));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              inputProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
+                                     &qbOutput));
 
     int slot;
     sp<Fence> fence;
@@ -132,8 +133,7 @@
     for (int output = 0; output < NUM_OUTPUTS; ++output) {
         BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&outputProducers[output],
                 &outputConsumers[output]);
-        ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumers[output]->consumerConnect(
-                    new DummyListener, false));
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumers[output]->consumerConnect(new FakeListener, false));
     }
 
     sp<StreamSplitter> splitter;
@@ -147,8 +147,9 @@
     }
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbOutput;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, inputProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbOutput));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              inputProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
+                                     &qbOutput));
 
     int slot;
     sp<Fence> fence;
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> outputProducer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> outputConsumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&outputProducer, &outputConsumer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumer->consumerConnect(new DummyListener, false));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, outputConsumer->consumerConnect(new FakeListener, false));
 
     sp<StreamSplitter> splitter;
     status_t status = StreamSplitter::createSplitter(inputConsumer, &splitter);
@@ -211,8 +212,9 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, splitter->addOutput(outputProducer));
 
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbOutput;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, inputProducer->connect(new DummyProducerListener,
-            NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false, &qbOutput));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
+              inputProducer->connect(new StubProducerListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, false,
+                                     &qbOutput));
 
     int slot;
     sp<Fence> fence;
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/SurfaceTextureClient_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/SurfaceTextureClient_test.cpp
index c85e844..c7458a3 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/SurfaceTextureClient_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/SurfaceTextureClient_test.cpp
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
         mANW = mSTC;
 
         // We need a valid GL context so we can test updateTexImage()
-        // This initializes EGL and create a dummy GL context with a
+        // This initializes EGL and create a GL context placeholder with a
         // pbuffer render target.
         mEglDisplay = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
         ASSERT_EQ(EGL_SUCCESS, eglGetError());
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
index 9906166..592913c 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "DummyConsumer.h"
+#include "MockConsumer.h"
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -56,12 +56,11 @@
 
 static constexpr uint64_t NO_FRAME_INDEX = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
 
-class DummySurfaceListener : public SurfaceListener {
+class FakeSurfaceListener : public SurfaceListener {
 public:
-    DummySurfaceListener(bool enableReleasedCb = false) :
-            mEnableReleaseCb(enableReleasedCb),
-            mBuffersReleased(0) {}
-    virtual ~DummySurfaceListener() = default;
+    FakeSurfaceListener(bool enableReleasedCb = false)
+          : mEnableReleaseCb(enableReleasedCb), mBuffersReleased(0) {}
+    virtual ~FakeSurfaceListener() = default;
 
     virtual void onBufferReleased() {
         mBuffersReleased++;
@@ -124,15 +123,15 @@
         sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
         BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-        sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-        consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+        sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+        consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
         consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
         sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
         sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
-        sp<DummySurfaceListener> listener;
+        sp<FakeSurfaceListener> listener;
         if (hasSurfaceListener) {
-            listener = new DummySurfaceListener(enableReleasedCb);
+            listener = new FakeSurfaceListener(enableReleasedCb);
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(OK, surface->connect(
                 NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU,
@@ -381,8 +380,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -397,8 +396,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -428,8 +427,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -452,8 +451,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -497,8 +496,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -523,13 +522,13 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setConsumerName(String8("TestConsumer"));
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
-    sp<DummyProducerListener> listener = new DummyProducerListener();
+    sp<StubProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, surface->connect(
             NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU,
             /*listener*/listener,
@@ -1910,8 +1909,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
     consumer->setDefaultBufferSize(10, 10);
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
@@ -1980,8 +1979,8 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
 
-    sp<DummyConsumer> dummyConsumer(new DummyConsumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(dummyConsumer, false);
+    sp<MockConsumer> mockConsumer(new MockConsumer);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(mockConsumer, false);
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
diff --git a/libs/input/Android.bp b/libs/input/Android.bp
index 8efaf3d..6a5d434 100644
--- a/libs/input/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/input/Android.bp
@@ -28,12 +28,16 @@
         "Keyboard.cpp",
         "KeyCharacterMap.cpp",
         "KeyLayoutMap.cpp",
+        "PropertyMap.cpp",
         "TouchVideoFrame.cpp",
         "VirtualKeyMap.cpp",
     ],
 
     clang: true,
 
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["jni_headers"],
+
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "liblog",
@@ -71,4 +75,23 @@
     },
 }
 
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "libinput_fuzz_defaults",
+    host_supported: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+        "libbase",
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "libinput_fuzz_propertymap",
+    defaults: ["libinput_fuzz_defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "PropertyMap.cpp",
+        "PropertyMap_fuzz.cpp",
+    ],
+}
+
 subdirs = ["tests"]
diff --git a/libs/input/PropertyMap.cpp b/libs/input/PropertyMap.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4833eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/input/PropertyMap.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "PropertyMap"
+
+#include <input/PropertyMap.h>
+
+// Enables debug output for the parser.
+#define DEBUG_PARSER 0
+
+// Enables debug output for parser performance.
+#define DEBUG_PARSER_PERFORMANCE 0
+
+namespace android {
+
+static const char* WHITESPACE = " \t\r";
+static const char* WHITESPACE_OR_PROPERTY_DELIMITER = " \t\r=";
+
+// --- PropertyMap ---
+
+PropertyMap::PropertyMap() {}
+
+PropertyMap::~PropertyMap() {}
+
+void PropertyMap::clear() {
+    mProperties.clear();
+}
+
+void PropertyMap::addProperty(const String8& key, const String8& value) {
+    mProperties.add(key, value);
+}
+
+bool PropertyMap::hasProperty(const String8& key) const {
+    return mProperties.indexOfKey(key) >= 0;
+}
+
+bool PropertyMap::tryGetProperty(const String8& key, String8& outValue) const {
+    ssize_t index = mProperties.indexOfKey(key);
+    if (index < 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    outValue = mProperties.valueAt(index);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool PropertyMap::tryGetProperty(const String8& key, bool& outValue) const {
+    int32_t intValue;
+    if (!tryGetProperty(key, intValue)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    outValue = intValue;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool PropertyMap::tryGetProperty(const String8& key, int32_t& outValue) const {
+    String8 stringValue;
+    if (!tryGetProperty(key, stringValue) || stringValue.length() == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    char* end;
+    int value = strtol(stringValue.string(), &end, 10);
+    if (*end != '\0') {
+        ALOGW("Property key '%s' has invalid value '%s'.  Expected an integer.", key.string(),
+              stringValue.string());
+        return false;
+    }
+    outValue = value;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool PropertyMap::tryGetProperty(const String8& key, float& outValue) const {
+    String8 stringValue;
+    if (!tryGetProperty(key, stringValue) || stringValue.length() == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    char* end;
+    float value = strtof(stringValue.string(), &end);
+    if (*end != '\0') {
+        ALOGW("Property key '%s' has invalid value '%s'.  Expected a float.", key.string(),
+              stringValue.string());
+        return false;
+    }
+    outValue = value;
+    return true;
+}
+
+void PropertyMap::addAll(const PropertyMap* map) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < map->mProperties.size(); i++) {
+        mProperties.add(map->mProperties.keyAt(i), map->mProperties.valueAt(i));
+    }
+}
+
+status_t PropertyMap::load(const String8& filename, PropertyMap** outMap) {
+    *outMap = nullptr;
+
+    Tokenizer* tokenizer;
+    status_t status = Tokenizer::open(filename, &tokenizer);
+    if (status) {
+        ALOGE("Error %d opening property file %s.", status, filename.string());
+    } else {
+        PropertyMap* map = new PropertyMap();
+        if (!map) {
+            ALOGE("Error allocating property map.");
+            status = NO_MEMORY;
+        } else {
+#if DEBUG_PARSER_PERFORMANCE
+            nsecs_t startTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
+#endif
+            Parser parser(map, tokenizer);
+            status = parser.parse();
+#if DEBUG_PARSER_PERFORMANCE
+            nsecs_t elapsedTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC) - startTime;
+            ALOGD("Parsed property file '%s' %d lines in %0.3fms.",
+                  tokenizer->getFilename().string(), tokenizer->getLineNumber(),
+                  elapsedTime / 1000000.0);
+#endif
+            if (status) {
+                delete map;
+            } else {
+                *outMap = map;
+            }
+        }
+        delete tokenizer;
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+// --- PropertyMap::Parser ---
+
+PropertyMap::Parser::Parser(PropertyMap* map, Tokenizer* tokenizer)
+      : mMap(map), mTokenizer(tokenizer) {}
+
+PropertyMap::Parser::~Parser() {}
+
+status_t PropertyMap::Parser::parse() {
+    while (!mTokenizer->isEof()) {
+#if DEBUG_PARSER
+        ALOGD("Parsing %s: '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
+              mTokenizer->peekRemainderOfLine().string());
+#endif
+
+        mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
+
+        if (!mTokenizer->isEol() && mTokenizer->peekChar() != '#') {
+            String8 keyToken = mTokenizer->nextToken(WHITESPACE_OR_PROPERTY_DELIMITER);
+            if (keyToken.isEmpty()) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Expected non-empty property key.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string());
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
+
+            if (mTokenizer->nextChar() != '=') {
+                ALOGE("%s: Expected '=' between property key and value.",
+                      mTokenizer->getLocation().string());
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
+
+            String8 valueToken = mTokenizer->nextToken(WHITESPACE);
+            if (valueToken.find("\\", 0) >= 0 || valueToken.find("\"", 0) >= 0) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Found reserved character '\\' or '\"' in property value.",
+                      mTokenizer->getLocation().string());
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
+            if (!mTokenizer->isEol()) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Expected end of line, got '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
+                      mTokenizer->peekRemainderOfLine().string());
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            if (mMap->hasProperty(keyToken)) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Duplicate property value for key '%s'.",
+                      mTokenizer->getLocation().string(), keyToken.string());
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+
+            mMap->addProperty(keyToken, valueToken);
+        }
+
+        mTokenizer->nextLine();
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/input/PropertyMap_fuzz.cpp b/libs/input/PropertyMap_fuzz.cpp
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..23ead0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/input/PropertyMap_fuzz.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "android-base/file.h"
+#include "fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h"
+#include "input/PropertyMap.h"
+#include "utils/String8.h"
+
+static constexpr int MAX_FILE_SIZE = 256;
+static constexpr int MAX_STR_LEN = 2048;
+static constexpr int MAX_OPERATIONS = 1000;
+
+static const std::vector<std::function<void(FuzzedDataProvider*, android::PropertyMap)>>
+        operations = {
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider*, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    propertyMap.getProperties();
+                },
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider*, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    propertyMap.clear();
+                },
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider* dataProvider, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    std::string keyStr = dataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_STR_LEN);
+                    android::String8 key = android::String8(keyStr.c_str());
+                    propertyMap.hasProperty(key);
+                },
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider* dataProvider, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    std::string keyStr = dataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_STR_LEN);
+                    android::String8 key = android::String8(keyStr.c_str());
+                    android::String8 out;
+                    propertyMap.tryGetProperty(key, out);
+                },
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider* dataProvider, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    TemporaryFile tf;
+                    // Generate file contents
+                    std::string contents = dataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_FILE_SIZE);
+                    // If we have string contents, dump them into the file.
+                    // Otherwise, just leave it as an empty file.
+                    if (contents.length() > 0) {
+                        const char* bytes = contents.c_str();
+                        android::base::WriteStringToFd(bytes, tf.fd);
+                    }
+                    android::PropertyMap* mapPtr = &propertyMap;
+                    android::PropertyMap::load(android::String8(tf.path), &mapPtr);
+                },
+                [](FuzzedDataProvider* dataProvider, android::PropertyMap propertyMap) -> void {
+                    std::string keyStr = dataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_STR_LEN);
+                    std::string valStr = dataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_STR_LEN);
+                    android::String8 key = android::String8(keyStr.c_str());
+                    android::String8 val = android::String8(valStr.c_str());
+                    propertyMap.addProperty(key, val);
+                },
+};
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+    FuzzedDataProvider dataProvider(data, size);
+    android::PropertyMap proprtyMap = android::PropertyMap();
+
+    int opsRun = 0;
+    while (dataProvider.remaining_bytes() > 0 && opsRun++ < MAX_OPERATIONS) {
+        uint8_t op = dataProvider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint8_t>(0, operations.size() - 1);
+        operations[op](&dataProvider, proprtyMap);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/OWNERS b/libs/renderengine/OWNERS
index c00fbba..b44456b 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/renderengine/OWNERS
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+alecmouri@google.com
+jreck@google.com
 lpy@google.com
 stoza@google.com
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
index 0285c2f..af97367 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
@@ -245,22 +245,22 @@
     // if can't create a GL context, we can only abort.
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(ctxt == EGL_NO_CONTEXT, "EGLContext creation failed");
 
-    EGLSurface dummy = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
+    EGLSurface stub = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
     if (!extensions.hasSurfacelessContext()) {
-        dummy = createDummyEglPbufferSurface(display, config, args.pixelFormat,
-                                             Protection::UNPROTECTED);
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(dummy == EGL_NO_SURFACE, "can't create dummy pbuffer");
+        stub = createStubEglPbufferSurface(display, config, args.pixelFormat,
+                                           Protection::UNPROTECTED);
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(stub == EGL_NO_SURFACE, "can't create stub pbuffer");
     }
-    EGLBoolean success = eglMakeCurrent(display, dummy, dummy, ctxt);
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!success, "can't make dummy pbuffer current");
+    EGLBoolean success = eglMakeCurrent(display, stub, stub, ctxt);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!success, "can't make stub pbuffer current");
     extensions.initWithGLStrings(glGetString(GL_VENDOR), glGetString(GL_RENDERER),
                                  glGetString(GL_VERSION), glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS));
 
-    EGLSurface protectedDummy = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
+    EGLSurface protectedStub = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
     if (protectedContext != EGL_NO_CONTEXT && !extensions.hasSurfacelessContext()) {
-        protectedDummy = createDummyEglPbufferSurface(display, config, args.pixelFormat,
-                                                      Protection::PROTECTED);
-        ALOGE_IF(protectedDummy == EGL_NO_SURFACE, "can't create protected dummy pbuffer");
+        protectedStub = createStubEglPbufferSurface(display, config, args.pixelFormat,
+                                                    Protection::PROTECTED);
+        ALOGE_IF(protectedStub == EGL_NO_SURFACE, "can't create protected stub pbuffer");
     }
 
     // now figure out what version of GL did we actually get
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@
             break;
         case GLES_VERSION_2_0:
         case GLES_VERSION_3_0:
-            engine = std::make_unique<GLESRenderEngine>(args, display, config, ctxt, dummy,
-                                                        protectedContext, protectedDummy);
+            engine = std::make_unique<GLESRenderEngine>(args, display, config, ctxt, stub,
+                                                        protectedContext, protectedStub);
             break;
     }
 
@@ -334,15 +334,15 @@
 }
 
 GLESRenderEngine::GLESRenderEngine(const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args, EGLDisplay display,
-                                   EGLConfig config, EGLContext ctxt, EGLSurface dummy,
-                                   EGLContext protectedContext, EGLSurface protectedDummy)
+                                   EGLConfig config, EGLContext ctxt, EGLSurface stub,
+                                   EGLContext protectedContext, EGLSurface protectedStub)
       : renderengine::impl::RenderEngine(args),
         mEGLDisplay(display),
         mEGLConfig(config),
         mEGLContext(ctxt),
-        mDummySurface(dummy),
+        mStubSurface(stub),
         mProtectedEGLContext(protectedContext),
-        mProtectedDummySurface(protectedDummy),
+        mProtectedStubSurface(protectedStub),
         mVpWidth(0),
         mVpHeight(0),
         mFramebufferImageCacheSize(args.imageCacheSize),
@@ -355,12 +355,12 @@
 
     // Initialize protected EGL Context.
     if (mProtectedEGLContext != EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
-        EGLBoolean success = eglMakeCurrent(display, mProtectedDummySurface, mProtectedDummySurface,
+        EGLBoolean success = eglMakeCurrent(display, mProtectedStubSurface, mProtectedStubSurface,
                                             mProtectedEGLContext);
         ALOGE_IF(!success, "can't make protected context current");
         glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 4);
         glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, 4);
-        success = eglMakeCurrent(display, mDummySurface, mDummySurface, mEGLContext);
+        success = eglMakeCurrent(display, mStubSurface, mStubSurface, mEGLContext);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!success, "can't make default context current");
     }
 
@@ -942,7 +942,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // Bind the texture to dummy data so that backing image data can be freed.
+    // Bind the texture to placeholder so that backing image data can be freed.
     GLFramebuffer* glFramebuffer = static_cast<GLFramebuffer*>(getFramebufferForDrawing());
     glFramebuffer->allocateBuffers(1, 1, mPlaceholderDrawBuffer);
     // Release the cached fence here, so that we don't churn reallocations when
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@
     if (useProtectedContext && mProtectedEGLContext == EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
         return false;
     }
-    const EGLSurface surface = useProtectedContext ? mProtectedDummySurface : mDummySurface;
+    const EGLSurface surface = useProtectedContext ? mProtectedStubSurface : mStubSurface;
     const EGLContext context = useProtectedContext ? mProtectedEGLContext : mEGLContext;
     const bool success = eglMakeCurrent(mEGLDisplay, surface, surface, context) == EGL_TRUE;
     if (success) {
@@ -1274,7 +1274,8 @@
 
     if (color.a < 1.0f || !opaque || cornerRadius > 0.0f) {
         glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-        glBlendFunc(premultipliedAlpha ? GL_ONE : GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+        glBlendFuncSeparate(premultipliedAlpha ? GL_ONE : GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA,
+                            GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
     } else {
         glDisable(GL_BLEND);
     }
@@ -1608,11 +1609,11 @@
     return context;
 }
 
-EGLSurface GLESRenderEngine::createDummyEglPbufferSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
-                                                          int hwcFormat, Protection protection) {
-    EGLConfig dummyConfig = config;
-    if (dummyConfig == EGL_NO_CONFIG) {
-        dummyConfig = chooseEglConfig(display, hwcFormat, /*logConfig*/ true);
+EGLSurface GLESRenderEngine::createStubEglPbufferSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
+                                                         int hwcFormat, Protection protection) {
+    EGLConfig stubConfig = config;
+    if (stubConfig == EGL_NO_CONFIG) {
+        stubConfig = chooseEglConfig(display, hwcFormat, /*logConfig*/ true);
     }
     std::vector<EGLint> attributes;
     attributes.reserve(7);
@@ -1626,7 +1627,7 @@
     }
     attributes.push_back(EGL_NONE);
 
-    return eglCreatePbufferSurface(display, dummyConfig, attributes.data());
+    return eglCreatePbufferSurface(display, stubConfig, attributes.data());
 }
 
 bool GLESRenderEngine::isHdrDataSpace(const Dataspace dataSpace) const {
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
index d5254a8..9484011 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
     static std::unique_ptr<GLESRenderEngine> create(const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args);
 
     GLESRenderEngine(const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args, EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
-                     EGLContext ctxt, EGLSurface dummy, EGLContext protectedContext,
-                     EGLSurface protectedDummy);
+                     EGLContext ctxt, EGLSurface stub, EGLContext protectedContext,
+                     EGLSurface protectedStub);
     ~GLESRenderEngine() override EXCLUDES(mRenderingMutex);
 
     void primeCache() const override;
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@
     static EGLContext createEglContext(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
                                        EGLContext shareContext, bool useContextPriority,
                                        Protection protection);
-    static EGLSurface createDummyEglPbufferSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
-                                                   int hwcFormat, Protection protection);
+    static EGLSurface createStubEglPbufferSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config,
+                                                  int hwcFormat, Protection protection);
     std::unique_ptr<Framebuffer> createFramebuffer();
     std::unique_ptr<Image> createImage();
     void checkErrors() const;
@@ -181,9 +181,9 @@
     EGLDisplay mEGLDisplay;
     EGLConfig mEGLConfig;
     EGLContext mEGLContext;
-    EGLSurface mDummySurface;
+    EGLSurface mStubSurface;
     EGLContext mProtectedEGLContext;
-    EGLSurface mProtectedDummySurface;
+    EGLSurface mProtectedStubSurface;
     GLint mMaxViewportDims[2];
     GLint mMaxTextureSize;
     GLuint mVpWidth;
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp b/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
index f577eb3..0fec99b 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@
 
 void RenderEngineTest::fillBufferWithoutPremultiplyAlpha() {
     fillRedBufferWithoutPremultiplyAlpha();
-    expectBufferColor(fullscreenRect(), 128, 0, 0, 64, 1);
+    expectBufferColor(fullscreenRect(), 128, 0, 0, 128, 1);
 }
 
 void RenderEngineTest::clearLeftRegion() {
@@ -927,7 +927,7 @@
     settings.clip = Rect(4, 4);
     settings.clearRegion = Region(Rect(2, 4));
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
-    // dummy layer, without bounds should not render anything
+    // fake layer, without bounds should not render anything
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
     layers.push_back(&layer);
     invokeDraw(settings, layers, mBuffer);
diff --git a/libs/ui/OWNERS b/libs/ui/OWNERS
index 97ead21..b1317b1 100644
--- a/libs/ui/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/ui/OWNERS
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+alecmouri@google.com
+chrisforbes@google.com
+jreck@google.com
 lpy@google.com
-marissaw@google.com
 mathias@google.com
 romainguy@google.com
 stoza@google.com
-jwcai@google.com
-tianyuj@google.com
diff --git a/libs/ui/include/ui/GraphicBuffer.h b/libs/ui/include/ui/GraphicBuffer.h
index 013505a..57be686 100644
--- a/libs/ui/include/ui/GraphicBuffer.h
+++ b/libs/ui/include/ui/GraphicBuffer.h
@@ -260,6 +260,9 @@
 
     uint64_t mId;
 
+    // Unused, but removing this may break GSI.
+    int32_t mBufferId = -1;
+
     // Stores the generation number of this buffer. If this number does not
     // match the BufferQueue's internal generation number (set through
     // IGBP::setGenerationNumber), attempts to attach the buffer will fail.
diff --git a/libs/vr/libbufferhub/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libbufferhub/Android.bp
index 2fcee7b..37c19d4 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libbufferhub/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libbufferhub/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@
     name: "libbufferhub_headers",
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     vendor_available: true,  // TODO(b/112338314): Does shouldn't be available to vendor.
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.media",
+        "com.android.media.swcodec",
+    ],
+    min_sdk_version: "29",
 }
 
 sourceFiles = [
diff --git a/libs/vr/libbufferhubqueue/tests/buffer_hub_queue_producer-test.cpp b/libs/vr/libbufferhubqueue/tests/buffer_hub_queue_producer-test.cpp
index 8cc7081..fab1097 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libbufferhubqueue/tests/buffer_hub_queue_producer-test.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libbufferhubqueue/tests/buffer_hub_queue_producer-test.cpp
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
   void ConnectProducer() {
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
     // Can connect the first time.
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApi,
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, mProducer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApi,
                                      kTestControlledByApp, &output));
   }
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
     return QueueBufferInputBuilder().build();
   }
 
-  const sp<IProducerListener> kDummyListener{new DummyProducerListener};
+  const sp<IProducerListener> kStubListener{new StubProducerListener};
 
   sp<BufferHubProducer> mProducer;
   sp<Surface> mSurface;
@@ -150,11 +150,11 @@
   IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
 
   // NULL output returns BAD_VALUE
-  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApi,
+  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApi,
                                           kTestControlledByApp, nullptr));
 
   // Invalid API returns bad value
-  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApiInvalid,
+  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApiInvalid,
                                           kTestControlledByApp, &output));
 }
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 
   // Can't connect when there is already a producer connected.
   IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApi,
+  EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, mProducer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApi,
                                           kTestControlledByApp, &output));
 }
 
@@ -554,18 +554,18 @@
   ProducerQueueParcelable producer_parcelable;
   EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->TakeAsParcelable(&producer_parcelable), BAD_VALUE);
 
-  // Create a valid dummy producer parcelable.
-  auto dummy_channel_parcelable =
+  // Create a valid fake producer parcelable.
+  auto fake_channel_parcelable =
       std::make_unique<pdx::default_transport::ChannelParcelable>(
           LocalHandle(0), LocalHandle(0), LocalHandle(0));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(dummy_channel_parcelable->IsValid());
-  ProducerQueueParcelable dummy_producer_parcelable(
-      std::move(dummy_channel_parcelable));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(dummy_producer_parcelable.IsValid());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fake_channel_parcelable->IsValid());
+  ProducerQueueParcelable fake_producer_parcelable(
+      std::move(fake_channel_parcelable));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fake_producer_parcelable.IsValid());
 
   // Disconnect producer can be taken out, but only to an invalid parcelable.
   ASSERT_EQ(mProducer->disconnect(kTestApi), OK);
-  EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->TakeAsParcelable(&dummy_producer_parcelable), BAD_VALUE);
+  EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->TakeAsParcelable(&fake_producer_parcelable), BAD_VALUE);
   EXPECT_FALSE(producer_parcelable.IsValid());
   EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->TakeAsParcelable(&producer_parcelable), OK);
   EXPECT_TRUE(producer_parcelable.IsValid());
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
 
   // But connect to API will fail.
   IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
-  EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApi, kTestControlledByApp,
+  EXPECT_EQ(mProducer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApi, kTestControlledByApp,
                                &output),
             BAD_VALUE);
 
@@ -592,8 +592,8 @@
   sp<BufferHubProducer> new_producer =
       BufferHubProducer::Create(std::move(producer_parcelable));
   ASSERT_TRUE(new_producer != nullptr);
-  EXPECT_EQ(new_producer->connect(kDummyListener, kTestApi,
-                                  kTestControlledByApp, &output),
+  EXPECT_EQ(new_producer->connect(kStubListener, kTestApi, kTestControlledByApp,
+                                  &output),
             OK);
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/vr/libdvr/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libdvr/Android.bp
index 81a9b2d..340d7bf 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libdvr/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libdvr/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
     name: "libdvr_headers",
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     vendor_available: true,
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.media",
+        "com.android.media.swcodec",
+    ],
+    min_sdk_version: "29",
 }
 
 cc_library_headers {
diff --git a/libs/vr/libdvr/tests/dvr_display_manager-test.cpp b/libs/vr/libdvr/tests/dvr_display_manager-test.cpp
index 7b3717e..07e2121 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libdvr/tests/dvr_display_manager-test.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libdvr/tests/dvr_display_manager-test.cpp
@@ -308,14 +308,6 @@
 class DvrDisplayManagerTest : public Test {
  protected:
   void SetUp() override {
-    // dvr display manager test doesn't apply to standalone vr devices because
-    // tests cannot create display manager client on these devices.
-    if (property_get_bool("ro.boot.vr", false)) {
-      GTEST_SKIP()
-          << "All tests in DvrDisplayManagerTest test case are skipped "
-             "because the device boot to VR.";
-    }
-
     int ret;
     DvrDisplayManager* display_manager;
     DvrSurfaceState* surface_state;
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/encoder_performance_test.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx/encoder_performance_test.cpp
index b7d94b3..7b477c4 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx/encoder_performance_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/encoder_performance_test.cpp
@@ -158,12 +158,12 @@
                                            size_t iterations,
                                            ResetFunc* write_reset,
                                            void* reset_data, size_t data_size) {
-  std::vector<uint8_t> dummy_data(data_size);
+  std::vector<uint8_t> fake_data(data_size);
   auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
   for (size_t i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
     write_reset(reset_data);
-    memcpy(writer->GetNextWriteBufferSection(dummy_data.size()),
-           dummy_data.data(), dummy_data.size());
+    memcpy(writer->GetNextWriteBufferSection(fake_data.size()),
+           fake_data.data(), fake_data.size());
   }
   auto stop = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
   return stop - start;
@@ -177,17 +177,17 @@
     MessageReader* reader, MessageWriter* writer, size_t iterations,
     ResetFunc* read_reset, ResetFunc* write_reset, void* reset_data,
     size_t data_size) {
-  std::vector<uint8_t> dummy_data(data_size);
+  std::vector<uint8_t> fake_data(data_size);
   write_reset(reset_data);
-  memcpy(writer->GetNextWriteBufferSection(dummy_data.size()),
-         dummy_data.data(), dummy_data.size());
+  memcpy(writer->GetNextWriteBufferSection(fake_data.size()), fake_data.data(),
+         fake_data.size());
   auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
   for (size_t i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
     read_reset(reset_data);
     auto section = reader->GetNextReadBufferSection();
-    memcpy(dummy_data.data(), section.first, dummy_data.size());
+    memcpy(fake_data.data(), section.first, fake_data.size());
     reader->ConsumeReadBufferSectionData(
-        AdvancePointer(section.first, dummy_data.size()));
+        AdvancePointer(section.first, fake_data.size()));
   }
   auto stop = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
   return stop - start;
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b36e0de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "libpdx_service_dispatcher_fuzzer",
+    clang: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "service_dispatcher_fuzzer.cpp",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libpdx",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils"
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "libpdx_message_fuzzer",
+    clang: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "message_fuzzer.cpp",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libpdx",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils"
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "libpdx_serialization_fuzzer",
+    clang: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "serialization_fuzzer.cpp",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libpdx",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils"
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/helpers.h b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/helpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83ec409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/helpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+// Authors: corbin.souffrant@leviathansecurity.com
+//          brian.balling@leviathansecurity.com
+
+#ifndef LEV_FUZZERS_LIBPDX_HELPERS_H_
+#define LEV_FUZZERS_LIBPDX_HELPERS_H_
+
+#define UNUSED(expr) \
+  do {               \
+    (void)(expr);    \
+  } while (0)
+
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <pdx/client.h>
+#include <pdx/service.h>
+#include <pdx/service_dispatcher.h>
+#include <pdx/service_endpoint.h>
+#include <sys/eventfd.h>
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace android::pdx;
+
+// Vector of operations we can call in the dispatcher.
+static const std::vector<std::function<void(
+    const std::unique_ptr<ServiceDispatcher>&, FuzzedDataProvider*)>>
+    dispatcher_operations = {
+        [](const std::unique_ptr<ServiceDispatcher>& dispatcher,
+           FuzzedDataProvider*) -> void { dispatcher->EnterDispatchLoop(); },
+        [](const std::unique_ptr<ServiceDispatcher>& dispatcher,
+           FuzzedDataProvider*) -> void { dispatcher->ReceiveAndDispatch(); },
+        [](const std::unique_ptr<ServiceDispatcher>& dispatcher,
+           FuzzedDataProvider* fdp) -> void {
+          dispatcher->ReceiveAndDispatch(fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>());
+        }};
+
+// Most of the fuzzing occurs within the endpoint, which is derived from an
+// abstract class. So we are returning garbage data for most functions besides
+// the ones we added or need to actually use.
+class FuzzEndpoint : public Endpoint {
+ public:
+  explicit FuzzEndpoint(FuzzedDataProvider* fdp) {
+    _fdp = fdp;
+    _epoll_fd = eventfd(0, 0);
+  }
+
+  ~FuzzEndpoint() { close(_epoll_fd); }
+
+  // Returns an fd that can be used with epoll() to wait for incoming messages
+  // from this endpoint.
+  int epoll_fd() const { return _epoll_fd; }
+
+  // Associates a Service instance with an endpoint by setting the service
+  // context pointer to the address of the Service. Only one Service may be
+  // associated with a given endpoint.
+  Status<void> SetService(Service* service) {
+    _service = service;
+    return Status<void>(0);
+  }
+
+  // Set the channel context for the given channel.
+  Status<void> SetChannel(int channel_id, Channel* channel) {
+    UNUSED(channel_id);
+    _channel = std::shared_ptr<Channel>(channel);
+    return Status<void>(0);
+  }
+
+  // Receives a message on the given endpoint file descriptor.
+  // This is called by the dispatcher to determine what operations
+  // to make, so we are fuzzing the response.
+  Status<void> MessageReceive(Message* message) {
+    // Create a randomized MessageInfo struct.
+    MessageInfo info;
+    eventfd_t wakeup_val = 0;
+    info.pid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.tid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.cid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.mid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.euid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.egid = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+    info.op = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+    info.flags = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+    info.service = _service;
+    info.channel = _channel.get();
+    info.send_len = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+    info.recv_len = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+    info.fd_count = _fdp->ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+    if (_fdp->remaining_bytes() >= 32) {
+      std::vector<uint8_t> impulse_vec = _fdp->ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(32);
+      memcpy(info.impulse, impulse_vec.data(), 32);
+    }
+
+    *message = Message(info);
+    eventfd_read(_epoll_fd, &wakeup_val);
+
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Returns a tag that uniquely identifies a specific underlying IPC
+  // transport.
+  uint32_t GetIpcTag() const { return 0; }
+
+  // Close a channel, signaling the client file object and freeing the channel
+  // id. Once closed, the client side of the channel always returns the error
+  // ESHUTDOWN and signals the poll/epoll events POLLHUP and POLLFREE.
+  Status<void> CloseChannel(int channel_id) {
+    UNUSED(channel_id);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Update the event bits for the given channel (given by id), using the
+  // given clear and set masks.
+  Status<void> ModifyChannelEvents(int channel_id, int clear_mask,
+                                   int set_mask) {
+    UNUSED(channel_id);
+    UNUSED(clear_mask);
+    UNUSED(set_mask);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Create a new channel and push it as a file descriptor to the process
+  // sending the |message|. |flags| may be set to O_NONBLOCK and/or
+  // O_CLOEXEC to control the initial behavior of the new file descriptor (the
+  // sending process may change these later using fcntl()). The internal
+  // Channel instance associated with this channel is set to |channel|,
+  // which may be nullptr. The new channel id allocated for this channel is
+  // returned in |channel_id|, which may also be nullptr if not needed.
+  Status<RemoteChannelHandle> PushChannel(Message* message, int flags,
+                                          Channel* channel, int* channel_id) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(flags);
+    UNUSED(channel);
+    UNUSED(channel_id);
+    return Status<RemoteChannelHandle>();
+  }
+
+  // Check whether the |ref| is a reference to a channel to the service
+  // represented by the |endpoint|. If the channel reference in question is
+  // valid, the Channel object is returned in |channel| when non-nullptr and
+  // the channel ID is returned through the Status object.
+  Status<int> CheckChannel(const Message* message, ChannelReference ref,
+                           Channel** channel) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(ref);
+    UNUSED(channel);
+    return Status<int>();
+  }
+
+  // Replies to the message with a return code.
+  Status<void> MessageReply(Message* message, int return_code) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(return_code);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Replies to the message with a file descriptor.
+  Status<void> MessageReplyFd(Message* message, unsigned int push_fd) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(push_fd);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Replies to the message with a local channel handle.
+  Status<void> MessageReplyChannelHandle(Message* message,
+                                         const LocalChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Replies to the message with a borrowed local channel handle.
+  Status<void> MessageReplyChannelHandle(Message* message,
+                                         const BorrowedChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Replies to the message with a remote channel handle.
+  Status<void> MessageReplyChannelHandle(Message* message,
+                                         const RemoteChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<void>();
+  }
+
+  // Reads message data into an array of memory buffers.
+  Status<size_t> ReadMessageData(Message* message, const iovec* vector,
+                                 size_t vector_length) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(vector);
+    UNUSED(vector_length);
+    return Status<size_t>();
+  }
+
+  // Sends reply data for message.
+  Status<size_t> WriteMessageData(Message* message, const iovec* vector,
+                                  size_t vector_length) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(vector);
+    UNUSED(vector_length);
+    return Status<size_t>();
+  }
+
+  // Records a file descriptor into the message buffer and returns the
+  // remapped reference to be sent to the remote process.
+  Status<FileReference> PushFileHandle(Message* message,
+                                       const LocalHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<FileReference>();
+  }
+
+  Status<FileReference> PushFileHandle(Message* message,
+                                       const BorrowedHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<FileReference>();
+  }
+
+  Status<FileReference> PushFileHandle(Message* message,
+                                       const RemoteHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<FileReference>();
+  }
+
+  Status<ChannelReference> PushChannelHandle(Message* message,
+                                             const LocalChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<ChannelReference>();
+  }
+
+  Status<ChannelReference> PushChannelHandle(
+      Message* message, const BorrowedChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<ChannelReference>();
+  }
+
+  Status<ChannelReference> PushChannelHandle(
+      Message* message, const RemoteChannelHandle& handle) {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(handle);
+    return Status<ChannelReference>();
+  }
+
+  // Obtains a file descriptor/channel handle from a message for the given
+  // reference.
+  LocalHandle GetFileHandle(Message* message, FileReference ref) const {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(ref);
+    return LocalHandle();
+  }
+
+  LocalChannelHandle GetChannelHandle(Message* message,
+                                      ChannelReference ref) const {
+    UNUSED(message);
+    UNUSED(ref);
+    return LocalChannelHandle();
+  }
+
+  // Transport-specific message state management.
+  void* AllocateMessageState() { return nullptr; }
+
+  void FreeMessageState(void* state) { UNUSED(state); }
+
+  // Cancels the endpoint, unblocking any receiver threads waiting for a
+  // message.
+  Status<void> Cancel() { return Status<void>(); }
+
+ private:
+  FuzzedDataProvider* _fdp;
+  std::shared_ptr<Channel> _channel;
+  Service* _service;
+  int _epoll_fd;
+};
+
+#endif  // LEV_FUZZERS_LIBPDX_HELPERS_H_
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/message_fuzzer.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/message_fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b627045
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/message_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+// Authors: corbin.souffrant@leviathansecurity.com
+//          brian.balling@leviathansecurity.com
+
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <helpers.h>
+#include <pdx/client_channel.h>
+#include <pdx/service.h>
+#include <pdx/service_dispatcher.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/eventfd.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+using namespace android::pdx;
+
+// Fuzzer for Message object functions.
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  FuzzedDataProvider fdp = FuzzedDataProvider(data, size);
+
+  FuzzEndpoint* endpoint = new FuzzEndpoint(&fdp);
+  std::shared_ptr<Service> service(
+      new Service("FuzzService", std::unique_ptr<Endpoint>(endpoint)));
+  std::shared_ptr<Channel> channel(nullptr);
+
+  // Generate a random Message object to call functions in.
+  MessageInfo info;
+  info.pid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.tid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.cid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.mid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.euid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.egid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  info.op = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+  info.flags = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+  info.service = service.get();
+  info.channel = channel.get();
+  info.send_len = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+  info.recv_len = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+  info.fd_count = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+  if (fdp.remaining_bytes() >= 32) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> impulse_vec = fdp.ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(32);
+    memcpy(info.impulse, impulse_vec.data(), 32);
+  }
+
+  Message message = Message(info);
+
+  // A bunch of getters that probably won't do much, but might as well
+  // get coverage, while we are here.
+  message.GetProcessId();
+  message.GetThreadId();
+  message.GetEffectiveUserId();
+  message.GetEffectiveGroupId();
+  message.GetChannelId();
+  message.GetMessageId();
+  message.GetOp();
+  message.GetFlags();
+  message.GetSendLength();
+  message.GetReceiveLength();
+  message.GetFileDescriptorCount();
+  message.ImpulseEnd();
+  message.replied();
+  message.IsChannelExpired();
+  message.IsServiceExpired();
+  message.GetState();
+  message.GetState();
+
+  // Some misc. functions.
+  unsigned int fd = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<unsigned int>();
+  int clear_mask = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  int set_mask = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  Status<void> status = {};
+  message.ModifyChannelEvents(clear_mask, set_mask);
+
+  // Fuzz the handle functions.
+  LocalHandle l_handle = {};
+  BorrowedHandle b_handle = {};
+  RemoteHandle r_handle = {};
+  LocalChannelHandle lc_handle = {};
+  BorrowedChannelHandle bc_handle = {};
+  RemoteChannelHandle rc_handle = {};
+  FileReference f_ref = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+  ChannelReference c_ref = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+
+  // These don't actually modify any state in the Message or params.
+  // They can be called in any order.
+  message.PushFileHandle(b_handle);
+  message.PushFileHandle(r_handle);
+  message.PushChannelHandle(lc_handle);
+  message.PushChannelHandle(bc_handle);
+  message.PushChannelHandle(rc_handle);
+  message.GetFileHandle(f_ref, &l_handle);
+  message.GetChannelHandle(c_ref, &lc_handle);
+
+  // Can only reply once, pick at random.
+  switch (fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint8_t>()) {
+    case 0:
+      message.ReplyFileDescriptor(fd);
+      break;
+    case 1:
+      message.Reply(status);
+      break;
+    case 2:
+      message.Reply(l_handle);
+      break;
+    case 3:
+      message.Reply(b_handle);
+      break;
+    case 4:
+      message.Reply(r_handle);
+      break;
+    case 5:
+      message.Reply(lc_handle);
+      break;
+    case 6:
+      message.Reply(bc_handle);
+      break;
+    case 7:
+      message.Reply(rc_handle);
+  }
+
+  // Fuzz the channel functions.
+  int flags = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int>();
+  int channel_id = 0;
+  message.PushChannel(flags, channel, &channel_id);
+  message.CheckChannel(service.get(), c_ref, &channel);
+  message.CheckChannel(c_ref, &channel);
+  message.PushChannel(service.get(), flags, channel, &channel_id);
+  size_t iovec_size = sizeof(iovec);
+  struct iovec* iovecs = nullptr;
+
+  // Fuzz the read/write functions. Needs at least one iovec, plus one byte.
+  if (fdp.remaining_bytes() >= iovec_size + 1) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> tmp_vec = fdp.ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(iovec_size);
+    struct iovec* vector = reinterpret_cast<struct iovec*>(tmp_vec.data());
+    std::vector<uint8_t> tmp_buf =
+        fdp.ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(fdp.remaining_bytes());
+    void* buf = reinterpret_cast<void*>(tmp_buf.data());
+    size_t buf_size = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+
+    // Capping num_vecs to 1024 so it doesn't allocate too much memory.
+    size_t num_vecs = fdp.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, 1024);
+
+    if (num_vecs > 0)
+      iovecs = new struct iovec[num_vecs];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_vecs; i++) {
+      iovecs[i] = *vector;
+    }
+
+    message.ReadAll(vector, buf_size);
+    message.WriteAll(buf, buf_size);
+    message.ReadVectorAll(vector, num_vecs);
+    message.WriteVectorAll(vector, num_vecs);
+    message.ReadVector(vector, buf_size);
+    message.WriteVector(vector, buf_size);
+  }
+
+  if (iovecs != nullptr)
+    delete[] iovecs;
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/serialization_fuzzer.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/serialization_fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afde5f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/serialization_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+// Authors: corbin.souffrant@leviathansecurity.com
+//          brian.balling@leviathansecurity.com
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/argument_encoder.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/array_wrapper.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/default_initialization_allocator.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/payload.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/serializable.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/serialization.h>
+#include <pdx/rpc/string_wrapper.h>
+#include <pdx/utility.h>
+
+using namespace android::pdx;
+using namespace android::pdx::rpc;
+
+struct FuzzType {
+  int a;
+  float b;
+  std::string c;
+
+  FuzzType() {}
+  FuzzType(int a, float b, const std::string& c) : a(a), b(b), c(c) {}
+
+ private:
+  PDX_SERIALIZABLE_MEMBERS(FuzzType, a, b, c);
+};
+
+// Fuzzer for Serialization operations, this is mostly just lifted from the
+// existing test cases to use fuzzed values as inputs.
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  FuzzedDataProvider fdp = FuzzedDataProvider(data, size);
+  Payload result;
+
+  // Currently, only fuzzing subset of types. In the future, may want
+  // to add more difficult to generate types like array, map, enum, etc...
+  bool b_val = fdp.ConsumeBool();
+  uint8_t u8_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint8_t>();
+  uint16_t u16_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint16_t>();
+  uint32_t u32_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+  uint64_t u64_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint64_t>();
+  int8_t i8_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int8_t>();
+  int16_t i16_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint16_t>();
+  int32_t i32_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+  int64_t i64_val = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint64_t>();
+  float f_val = fdp.ConsumeFloatingPoint<float>();
+  double d_val = fdp.ConsumeFloatingPoint<double>();
+  std::string s_val = fdp.ConsumeRandomLengthString(fdp.remaining_bytes());
+  std::vector<uint8_t> vec_val =
+      fdp.ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(fdp.remaining_bytes());
+  FuzzType t1_val{reinterpret_cast<int>(i32_val), f_val, s_val};
+
+  // Types need to be individually fuzzed because code path changes depending
+  // on which type is being serialized/deserialized.
+  Serialize(b_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&b_val, &result);
+  Serialize(u8_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&u8_val, &result);
+  Serialize(u16_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&u16_val, &result);
+  Serialize(u32_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&u32_val, &result);
+  Serialize(u64_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&u64_val, &result);
+  Serialize(i8_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&i8_val, &result);
+  Serialize(i16_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&i16_val, &result);
+  Serialize(i32_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&i32_val, &result);
+  Serialize(i64_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&i64_val, &result);
+  Serialize(f_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&f_val, &result);
+  Serialize(d_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&d_val, &result);
+  Serialize(s_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&s_val, &result);
+  Serialize(WrapString(s_val), &result);
+  Deserialize(&s_val, &result);
+  Serialize(vec_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&vec_val, &result);
+  Serialize(t1_val, &result);
+  Deserialize(&t1_val, &result);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/service_dispatcher_fuzzer.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/service_dispatcher_fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a3bfd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/service_dispatcher_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+// Authors: corbin.souffrant@leviathansecurity.com
+//          brian.balling@leviathansecurity.com
+
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <helpers.h>
+#include <pdx/client_channel.h>
+#include <pdx/service.h>
+#include <pdx/service_dispatcher.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/eventfd.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+using namespace android::pdx;
+
+// Dispatch fuzzer entry point. This fuzzer creates a ServiceDispatcher
+// and creates an endpoint that returns fuzzed messages that are passed
+// to the ReceiveAndDispatch and DispatchLoop functions.
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  eventfd_t wakeup_val = 1;
+  FuzzedDataProvider fdp = FuzzedDataProvider(data, size);
+
+  // Endpoint is only used to be immediately wrapped as a unique_ptr,
+  // so it is ok to be using a raw ptr and new here without freeing.
+  FuzzEndpoint* endpoint = new FuzzEndpoint(&fdp);
+  std::unique_ptr<ServiceDispatcher> dispatcher = ServiceDispatcher::Create();
+  std::shared_ptr<Channel> channel(nullptr);
+  std::shared_ptr<Client> client(nullptr);
+  std::shared_ptr<Service> service(
+      new Service("FuzzService", std::unique_ptr<Endpoint>(endpoint)));
+
+  service->SetChannel(0, std::shared_ptr<Channel>(channel));
+  dispatcher->AddService(service);
+
+  // Dispatcher blocks, so needs to run in its own thread.
+  std::thread run_dispatcher([&]() {
+    uint8_t opt = 0;
+
+    // Right now the only operations block, so the while loop is pointless
+    // but leaving it in, just in case that ever changes.
+    while (fdp.remaining_bytes() > sizeof(MessageInfo)) {
+      opt = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint8_t>() % dispatcher_operations.size();
+      dispatcher_operations[opt](dispatcher, &fdp);
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Continuously wake up the epoll so the dispatcher can run.
+  while (fdp.remaining_bytes() > sizeof(MessageInfo)) {
+    eventfd_write(endpoint->epoll_fd(), wakeup_val);
+  }
+
+  // Cleanup the dispatcher and thread.
+  dispatcher->SetCanceled(true);
+  if (run_dispatcher.joinable())
+    run_dispatcher.join();
+  dispatcher->RemoveService(service);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/private/pdx/rpc/macros.h b/libs/vr/libpdx/private/pdx/rpc/macros.h
index aeae9d3..99325b5 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx/private/pdx/rpc/macros.h
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/private/pdx/rpc/macros.h
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 // Clears any remaining contents wrapped in parentheses.
 #define _PDX_CLEAR(...)
 
-// Introduces a first dummy argument and _PDX_CLEAR as second argument.
+// Introduces a first stub argument and _PDX_CLEAR as second argument.
 #define _PDX_CLEAR_IF_LAST() _, _PDX_CLEAR
 
 // Returns the first argument of a list.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 // Returns next_func if the next element is not (), or _PDX_CLEAR
 // otherwise.
 //
-// _PDX_CLEAR_IF_LAST inserts an extra first dummy argument if peek is ().
+// _PDX_CLEAR_IF_LAST inserts an extra first stub argument if peek is ().
 #define _PDX_NEXT_FUNC(next_element, next_func) \
   _PDX_EXPAND_NEXT_FUNC(_PDX_CLEAR_IF_LAST next_element, next_func)
 
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/service_dispatcher.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx/service_dispatcher.cpp
index b112fa3..ba0d69c 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx/service_dispatcher.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/service_dispatcher.cpp
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@
   if (thread_count_ > 0)
     return -EBUSY;
 
-  epoll_event dummy;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
+  epoll_event ee;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
   if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_.Get(), EPOLL_CTL_DEL, service->endpoint()->epoll_fd(),
-                &dummy) < 0) {
+                &ee) < 0) {
     ALOGE("Failed to remove service from dispatcher because: %s\n",
           strerror(errno));
     return -errno;
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/service_endpoint.cpp b/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/service_endpoint.cpp
index 9bc70ea..810eb19 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/service_endpoint.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/service_endpoint.cpp
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@
 
   int channel_fd = iter->second.data_fd.Get();
   Status<void> status;
-  epoll_event dummy;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
-  if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_.Get(), EPOLL_CTL_DEL, channel_fd, &dummy) < 0) {
+  epoll_event ee;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
+  if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_.Get(), EPOLL_CTL_DEL, channel_fd, &ee) < 0) {
     status.SetError(errno);
     ALOGE(
         "Endpoint::CloseChannelLocked: Failed to remove channel from endpoint: "
diff --git a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/epoll_event_dispatcher.cpp b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/epoll_event_dispatcher.cpp
index 1cf5f17..0d5eb80 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/epoll_event_dispatcher.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/epoll_event_dispatcher.cpp
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@
   ALOGD_IF(TRACE, "EpollEventDispatcher::RemoveEventHandler: fd=%d", fd);
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lock_);
 
-  epoll_event dummy;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
-  if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_.Get(), EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, &dummy) < 0) {
+  epoll_event ee;  // See BUGS in man 2 epoll_ctl.
+  if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_.Get(), EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, &ee) < 0) {
     const int error = errno;
     ALOGE("Failed to remove fd from epoll set because: %s", strerror(error));
     return pdx::ErrorStatus(error);
diff --git a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
index b771538..70f303b 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@
 namespace {
 
 const char kDvrPerformanceProperty[] = "sys.dvr.performance";
-const char kDvrStandaloneProperty[] = "ro.boot.vr";
 
 const char kRightEyeOffsetProperty[] = "dvr.right_eye_offset_ns";
 
@@ -159,8 +158,6 @@
     return false;
   }
 
-  is_standalone_device_ = property_get_bool(kDvrStandaloneProperty, false);
-
   request_display_callback_ = request_display_callback;
 
   primary_display_ = GetDisplayParams(composer, primary_display_id, true);
@@ -206,8 +203,6 @@
     return;
   boot_finished_ = true;
   post_thread_wait_.notify_one();
-  if (is_standalone_device_)
-    request_display_callback_(true);
 }
 
 // Update the post thread quiescent state based on idle and suspended inputs.
@@ -267,17 +262,11 @@
   layers_.clear();
 
   // Phones create a new composer client on resume and destroy it on pause.
-  // Standalones only create the composer client once and then use SetPowerMode
-  // to control the screen on pause/resume.
-  if (!is_standalone_device_) {
-    if (composer_callback_ != nullptr) {
-      composer_callback_->SetVsyncService(nullptr);
-      composer_callback_ = nullptr;
-    }
-    composer_.reset(nullptr);
-  } else {
-    EnableDisplay(*target_display_, false);
+  if (composer_callback_ != nullptr) {
+    composer_callback_->SetVsyncService(nullptr);
+    composer_callback_ = nullptr;
   }
+  composer_.reset(nullptr);
 
   // Trigger target-specific performance mode change.
   property_set(kDvrPerformanceProperty, "idle");
@@ -588,7 +577,7 @@
     surfaces_changed_ = true;
   }
 
-  if (request_display_callback_ && !is_standalone_device_)
+  if (request_display_callback_)
     request_display_callback_(!display_idle);
 
   // Set idle state based on whether there are any surfaces to handle.
@@ -773,28 +762,6 @@
 
   VsyncEyeOffsets vsync_eye_offsets = get_vsync_eye_offsets();
 
-  if (is_standalone_device_) {
-    // First, wait until boot finishes.
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(post_thread_mutex_);
-    if (PostThreadCondWait(lock, -1, [this] { return boot_finished_; })) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Then, wait until we're either leaving the quiescent state, or the boot
-    // finished display off timeout expires.
-    if (PostThreadCondWait(lock, kBootFinishedDisplayOffTimeoutSec,
-                           [this] { return !post_thread_quiescent_; })) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(post_thread_state_ & PostThreadState::Suspended,
-                        "Vr flinger should own the display by now.");
-    post_thread_resumed_ = true;
-    post_thread_ready_.notify_all();
-    if (!composer_)
-      CreateComposer();
-  }
-
   while (1) {
     ATRACE_NAME("HardwareComposer::PostThread");
 
diff --git a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/tests/vrflinger_test.cpp b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/tests/vrflinger_test.cpp
index efd6d1d..ac44f74 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/tests/vrflinger_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/tests/vrflinger_test.cpp
@@ -43,9 +43,6 @@
 // completed.
 constexpr auto kVrFlingerSwitchPollInterval = std::chrono::milliseconds(50);
 
-// How long to wait for a device that boots to VR to have vr flinger ready.
-constexpr auto kBootVrFlingerWaitTimeout = std::chrono::seconds(30);
-
 // A Binder connection to surface flinger.
 class SurfaceFlingerConnection {
  public:
@@ -153,11 +150,6 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  // This test doesn't apply to standalone vr devices.
-  if (property_get_bool("ro.boot.vr", false)) {
-    return;
-  }
-
   auto surface_flinger_connection = SurfaceFlingerConnection::Create();
   ASSERT_NE(surface_flinger_connection, nullptr);
 
@@ -230,31 +222,5 @@
       SurfaceFlingerConnection::VrFlingerSwitchResult::kSuccess);
 }
 
-// This test runs only on devices that boot to vr. Such a device should boot to
-// a state where vr flinger is running, and the test verifies this after a
-// delay.
-TEST(BootVrFlingerTest, BootsToVrFlinger) {
-  // Exit if we are not running on a device that boots to vr.
-  if (!property_get_bool("ro.boot.vr", false)) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  auto surface_flinger_connection = SurfaceFlingerConnection::Create();
-  ASSERT_NE(surface_flinger_connection, nullptr);
-
-  // Verify that vr flinger is enabled.
-  ASSERT_TRUE(surface_flinger_connection->IsAlive());
-  auto vr_flinger_active = surface_flinger_connection->IsVrFlingerActive();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(vr_flinger_active.has_value());
-
-  bool active_value = vr_flinger_active.value();
-  if (!active_value) {
-    // Try again, but delay up to 30 seconds.
-    ASSERT_EQ(surface_flinger_connection->WaitForVrFlingerTimed(true,
-        kVrFlingerSwitchPollInterval, kBootVrFlingerWaitTimeout),
-        SurfaceFlingerConnection::VrFlingerSwitchResult::kSuccess);
-  }
-}
-
 }  // namespace dvr
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/BlobCache.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/BlobCache.cpp
index 74fb019..a27c09f 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/BlobCache.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/BlobCache.cpp
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<Blob> dummyKey(new Blob(key, keySize, false));
-    CacheEntry dummyEntry(dummyKey, nullptr);
+    std::shared_ptr<Blob> cacheKey(new Blob(key, keySize, false));
+    CacheEntry cacheEntry(cacheKey, nullptr);
 
     while (true) {
-        auto index = std::lower_bound(mCacheEntries.begin(), mCacheEntries.end(), dummyEntry);
-        if (index == mCacheEntries.end() || dummyEntry < *index) {
+        auto index = std::lower_bound(mCacheEntries.begin(), mCacheEntries.end(), cacheEntry);
+        if (index == mCacheEntries.end() || cacheEntry < *index) {
             // Create a new cache entry.
             std::shared_ptr<Blob> keyBlob(new Blob(key, keySize, true));
             std::shared_ptr<Blob> valueBlob(new Blob(value, valueSize, true));
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@
                 keySize, mMaxKeySize);
         return 0;
     }
-    std::shared_ptr<Blob> dummyKey(new Blob(key, keySize, false));
-    CacheEntry dummyEntry(dummyKey, nullptr);
-    auto index = std::lower_bound(mCacheEntries.begin(), mCacheEntries.end(), dummyEntry);
-    if (index == mCacheEntries.end() || dummyEntry < *index) {
+    std::shared_ptr<Blob> cacheKey(new Blob(key, keySize, false));
+    CacheEntry cacheEntry(cacheKey, nullptr);
+    auto index = std::lower_bound(mCacheEntries.begin(), mCacheEntries.end(), cacheEntry);
+    if (index == mCacheEntries.end() || cacheEntry < *index) {
         ALOGV("get: no cache entry found for key of size %zu", keySize);
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/FileBlobCache.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/FileBlobCache.cpp
index cc42ac7..751f3be 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/FileBlobCache.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/FileBlobCache.cpp
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@
 #include "FileBlobCache.h"
 
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 // Cache file header
 static const char* cacheFileMagic = "EGL$";
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        // Sanity check the size before trying to mmap it.
+        // Check the size before trying to mmap it.
         size_t fileSize = statBuf.st_size;
         if (fileSize > mMaxTotalSize * 2) {
             ALOGE("cache file is too large: %#" PRIx64,
diff --git a/opengl/tests/EGLTest/EGL_test.cpp b/opengl/tests/EGLTest/EGL_test.cpp
index 510226d..bbd786d 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/EGLTest/EGL_test.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tests/EGLTest/EGL_test.cpp
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
     };
     EXPECT_TRUE(eglChooseConfig(mEglDisplay, attrs, &config, 1, &numConfigs));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(components[2], 8);
     EXPECT_EQ(components[3], 8);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
     EGLint winAttrs[] = {
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@
 
     get8BitConfig(config);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
     EGLint winAttrs[] = {
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(components[2], 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(components[3], 2);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
     EGLint winAttrs[] = {
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(get8BitConfig(config));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(get8BitConfig(config));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
     std::vector<EGLint> winAttrs;
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@
     EXPECT_GE(components[2], 16);
     EXPECT_GE(components[3], 16);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(hasEglExtension(mEglDisplay, "EGL_KHR_no_config_context"));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(components[2], 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(components[3], 2);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(get8BitConfig(config));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(EGL_UNSIGNED_TRUE, success);
     ASSERT_EQ(1, numConfigs);
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(get8BitConfig(config));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(get8BitConfig(config));
 
-    struct DummyConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
+    struct MockConsumer : public BnConsumerListener {
         void onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& /* item */) override {}
         void onBuffersReleased() override {}
         void onSidebandStreamChanged() override {}
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer);
-    consumer->consumerConnect(new DummyConsumer, false);
+    consumer->consumerConnect(new MockConsumer, false);
     sp<Surface> mSTC = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> mANW = mSTC;
 
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/Android.bp b/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/Android.bp
index 65f89b1..8d4323f 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-error=unused-parameter",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     srcs: ["jni/gl_code.cpp"],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl_jni/Android.bp b/opengl/tests/gl_jni/Android.bp
index 5bec336..0cb129a 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl_jni/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl_jni/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-error=unused-parameter",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     srcs: ["jni/gl_code.cpp"],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl_perfapp/Android.bp b/opengl/tests/gl_perfapp/Android.bp
index cf899ac..66afb6a 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl_perfapp/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl_perfapp/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-error=unused-parameter",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     srcs: ["jni/gl_code.cpp"],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gldual/Android.bp b/opengl/tests/gldual/Android.bp
index 2432566..1006d44 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gldual/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/tests/gldual/Android.bp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-error=unused-parameter",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     srcs: ["jni/gl_code.cpp"],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/gen b/opengl/tools/glgen/gen
index 41fcf1b..7fd9c3a 100755
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/gen
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/gen
@@ -1,11 +1,23 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 set -u
 set -e
+
+if [ -z "$ANDROID_BUILD_TOP" ] ; then
+    echo "ANDROID_BUILD_TOP is not set, did you run lunch?"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Avoid spewing files in any location other than the intended one.
+if [ ! -x "$PWD/gen" ] ; then
+    echo "Run this script from its parent directory".
+    exit 1
+fi
+
 rm -rf out generated
 
 mkdir out
 
-# Create dummy Java files for Android APIs that are used by the code we generate.
+# Create stub Java files for Android APIs that are used by the code we generate.
 # This allows us to test the generated code without building the rest of Android.
 
 mkdir -p out/javax/microedition/khronos/opengles
@@ -92,7 +104,7 @@
 
 # Add UnsupportedAppUsage.java to known sources.
 mkdir -p out/android/compat/annotation
-cp ../../../../../tools/platform-compat/annotation/src/java/android/compat/annotation/UnsupportedAppUsage.java out/android/compat/annotation
+cp ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/tools/platform-compat/java/android/compat/annotation/UnsupportedAppUsage.java out/android/compat/annotation
 
 pushd out > /dev/null
 mkdir classes
@@ -153,23 +165,23 @@
     fi
 }
 
-compareGenerated ../../../../base/core/jni generated/C com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl.cpp
-compareGenerated ../../../../base/opengl/java/com/google/android/gles_jni generated/com/google/android/gles_jni GLImpl.java
+compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/core/jni generated/C com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl.cpp
+compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/opengl/java/com/google/android/gles_jni generated/com/google/android/gles_jni GLImpl.java
 
 for x in GL.java GL10.java GL10Ext.java GL11.java GL11Ext.java GL11ExtensionPack.java
 do
-    compareGenerated ../../../../base/opengl/java/javax/microedition/khronos/opengles generated/javax/microedition/khronos/opengles $x
+    compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/opengl/java/javax/microedition/khronos/opengles generated/javax/microedition/khronos/opengles $x
 done
 
 for x in EGL14 EGL15 EGLExt GLES10 GLES10Ext GLES11 GLES11Ext GLES20 GLES30 GLES31 GLES31Ext GLES32
 do
-    compareGenerated ../../../../base/opengl/java/android/opengl generated/android/opengl ${x}.java
-    compareGenerated ../../../../base/core/jni generated/C android_opengl_${x}.cpp
+    compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/opengl/java/android/opengl generated/android/opengl ${x}.java
+    compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/core/jni generated/C android_opengl_${x}.cpp
 done
 
 for x in EGLConfig EGLContext EGLDisplay EGLObjectHandle EGLSurface EGLImage EGLSync
 do
-    compareGenerated ../../../../base/opengl/java/android/opengl generated/android/opengl ${x}.java
+    compareGenerated ${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP}/frameworks/base/opengl/java/android/opengl generated/android/opengl ${x}.java
 done
 
 if [ $KEEP_GENERATED == "0" ] ; then
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14Header.java-if b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14Header.java-if
index 9932556..951ecff 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14Header.java-if
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14Header.java-if
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture;
 import android.view.Surface;
-import android.view.SurfaceView;
 import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
+import android.view.SurfaceView;
 
 /**
  * EGL 1.4
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14cHeader.cpp b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14cHeader.cpp
index 93203fd..b2ea041 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14cHeader.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL14cHeader.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h>
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL15cHeader.cpp b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL15cHeader.cpp
index 34cb3e1..6dffac5 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL15cHeader.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGL15cHeader.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGLExtcHeader.cpp b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGLExtcHeader.cpp
index b3b0690..be8b3e3 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGLExtcHeader.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/egl/EGLExtcHeader.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_view_Surface.h>
 #include <android_runtime/android_graphics_SurfaceTexture.h>
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/gles11/common.cpp b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/gles11/common.cpp
index e763b4e..d84a693 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/gles11/common.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/gles11/common.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include <jni.h>
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 #include <assert.h>
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLCHeader.cpp b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLCHeader.cpp
index c12efc3..9cab1d6 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLCHeader.cpp
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLCHeader.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
 
 #include "jni.h"
-#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/JNIPlatformHelp.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 
diff --git a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLImplHeader.java-impl b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLImplHeader.java-impl
index afcc3eb..32c9d7d 100644
--- a/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLImplHeader.java-impl
+++ b/opengl/tools/glgen/stubs/jsr239/GLImplHeader.java-impl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 package com.google.android.gles_jni;
 
 import android.app.AppGlobals;
+import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.IPackageManager;
 import android.os.Build;
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import java.nio.Buffer;
+
 import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
 import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10Ext;
 import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL11;
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@
     private boolean have_OES_framebuffer_object;
     private boolean have_OES_texture_cube_map;
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public GLImpl() {
     }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/host/Android.bp b/services/inputflinger/host/Android.bp
index cbe0190..b56f356 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/host/Android.bp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/host/Android.bp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
         "InputHost.cpp",
     ],
 
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder",
         "libcrypto",
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
         //-fvisibility=hidden
     ],
 
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["jni_headers"],
     export_include_dirs: ["."],
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/host/InputDriver.cpp b/services/inputflinger/host/InputDriver.cpp
index 683c05d..c9001b0 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/host/InputDriver.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/host/InputDriver.cpp
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 
 #include <hardware/input.h>
 #include <input/InputDevice.h>
+#include <input/PropertyMap.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
-#include <utils/PropertyMap.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 
 #define INDENT2 "    "
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/include/InputReaderBase.h b/services/inputflinger/include/InputReaderBase.h
index f8d5351..0fa8787 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/include/InputReaderBase.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/include/InputReaderBase.h
@@ -335,7 +335,8 @@
     virtual void getReaderConfiguration(InputReaderConfiguration* outConfig) = 0;
 
     /* Gets a pointer controller associated with the specified cursor device (ie. a mouse). */
-    virtual sp<PointerControllerInterface> obtainPointerController(int32_t deviceId) = 0;
+    virtual std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> obtainPointerController(
+            int32_t deviceId) = 0;
 
     /* Notifies the input reader policy that some input devices have changed
      * and provides information about all current input devices.
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/include/PointerControllerInterface.h b/services/inputflinger/include/PointerControllerInterface.h
index 194c665..85d7247 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/include/PointerControllerInterface.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/include/PointerControllerInterface.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
  * The pointer controller is responsible for providing synchronization and for tracking
  * display orientation changes if needed.
  */
-class PointerControllerInterface : public virtual RefBase {
+class PointerControllerInterface {
 protected:
     PointerControllerInterface() { }
     virtual ~PointerControllerInterface() { }
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@
     /* Gets the absolute location of the pointer. */
     virtual void getPosition(float* outX, float* outY) const = 0;
 
-    enum Transition {
+    enum class Transition {
         // Fade/unfade immediately.
-        TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE,
+        IMMEDIATE,
         // Fade/unfade gradually.
-        TRANSITION_GRADUAL,
+        GRADUAL,
     };
 
     /* Fades the pointer out now. */
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@
      * wants to ensure that the pointer becomes visible again. */
     virtual void unfade(Transition transition) = 0;
 
-    enum Presentation {
+    enum class Presentation {
         // Show the mouse pointer.
-        PRESENTATION_POINTER,
+        POINTER,
         // Show spots and a spot anchor in place of the mouse pointer.
-        PRESENTATION_SPOT,
+        SPOT,
     };
 
     /* Sets the mode of the pointer controller. */
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputReader.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputReader.cpp
index 657a134..06e3743 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputReader.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputReader.cpp
@@ -390,8 +390,9 @@
     }
 }
 
-sp<PointerControllerInterface> InputReader::getPointerControllerLocked(int32_t deviceId) {
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.promote();
+std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> InputReader::getPointerControllerLocked(
+        int32_t deviceId) {
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.lock();
     if (controller == nullptr) {
         controller = mPolicy->obtainPointerController(deviceId);
         mPointerController = controller;
@@ -401,7 +402,7 @@
 }
 
 void InputReader::updatePointerDisplayLocked() {
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.promote();
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.lock();
     if (controller == nullptr) {
         return;
     }
@@ -424,9 +425,9 @@
 }
 
 void InputReader::fadePointerLocked() {
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.promote();
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.lock();
     if (controller != nullptr) {
-        controller->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+        controller->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
     }
 }
 
@@ -725,7 +726,8 @@
     mReader->fadePointerLocked();
 }
 
-sp<PointerControllerInterface> InputReader::ContextImpl::getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) {
+std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> InputReader::ContextImpl::getPointerController(
+        int32_t deviceId) {
     // lock is already held by the input loop
     return mReader->getPointerControllerLocked(deviceId);
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
index c17f3a1..f5451d7 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <input/KeyCharacterMap.h>
 #include <input/KeyLayoutMap.h>
 #include <input/Keyboard.h>
+#include <input/PropertyMap.h>
 #include <input/VirtualKeyMap.h>
 #include <utils/BitSet.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
@@ -31,7 +32,6 @@
 #include <utils/List.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/Mutex.h>
-#include <utils/PropertyMap.h>
 
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <sys/epoll.h>
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
index 71313fc..7c17102 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 
 #include <input/DisplayViewport.h>
 #include <input/InputDevice.h>
+#include <input/PropertyMap.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
-#include <utils/PropertyMap.h>
 
 #include <optional>
 #include <unordered_map>
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReader.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReader.h
index 693ec30..108b9c2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReader.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReader.h
@@ -17,19 +17,20 @@
 #ifndef _UI_INPUTREADER_INPUT_READER_H
 #define _UI_INPUTREADER_INPUT_READER_H
 
+#include <PointerControllerInterface.h>
+#include <utils/Condition.h>
+#include <utils/Mutex.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
 #include "EventHub.h"
 #include "InputListener.h"
 #include "InputReaderBase.h"
 #include "InputReaderContext.h"
 #include "InputThread.h"
 
-#include <PointerControllerInterface.h>
-#include <utils/Condition.h>
-#include <utils/Mutex.h>
-
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <vector>
-
 namespace android {
 
 class InputDevice;
@@ -104,7 +105,8 @@
         virtual void disableVirtualKeysUntil(nsecs_t time) override;
         virtual bool shouldDropVirtualKey(nsecs_t now, int32_t keyCode, int32_t scanCode) override;
         virtual void fadePointer() override;
-        virtual sp<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) override;
+        virtual std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(
+                int32_t deviceId) override;
         virtual void requestTimeoutAtTime(nsecs_t when) override;
         virtual int32_t bumpGeneration() override;
         virtual void getExternalStylusDevices(std::vector<InputDeviceInfo>& outDevices) override;
@@ -160,8 +162,8 @@
     void dispatchExternalStylusState(const StylusState& state);
 
     // The PointerController that is shared among all the input devices that need it.
-    wp<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerControllerLocked(int32_t deviceId);
+    std::weak_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerControllerLocked(int32_t deviceId);
     void updatePointerDisplayLocked();
     void fadePointerLocked();
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReaderContext.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReaderContext.h
index 85701e4..ffb8d8c 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReaderContext.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputReaderContext.h
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     virtual bool shouldDropVirtualKey(nsecs_t now, int32_t keyCode, int32_t scanCode) = 0;
 
     virtual void fadePointer() = 0;
-    virtual sp<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) = 0;
+    virtual std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) = 0;
 
     virtual void requestTimeoutAtTime(nsecs_t when) = 0;
     virtual int32_t bumpGeneration() = 0;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
index 887ab53..1a4d551 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "CursorButtonAccumulator.h"
 #include "CursorScrollAccumulator.h"
+#include "PointerControllerInterface.h"
 #include "TouchCursorInputMapperCommon.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@
                 mParameters.mode = Parameters::MODE_POINTER_RELATIVE;
                 mSource = AINPUT_SOURCE_MOUSE_RELATIVE;
                 // Keep PointerController around in order to preserve the pointer position.
-                mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE);
+                mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
             } else {
                 ALOGE("Cannot request pointer capture, device is not in MODE_POINTER");
             }
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@
     float yCursorPosition = AMOTION_EVENT_INVALID_CURSOR_POSITION;
     if (mSource == AINPUT_SOURCE_MOUSE) {
         if (moved || scrolled || buttonsChanged) {
-            mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::PRESENTATION_POINTER);
+            mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
 
             if (moved) {
                 mPointerController->move(deltaX, deltaY);
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@
                 mPointerController->setButtonState(currentButtonState);
             }
 
-            mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE);
+            mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
         }
 
         mPointerController->getPosition(&xCursorPosition, &yCursorPosition);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
index f65ac39..05bbb26 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 
     int32_t mOrientation;
 
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
 
     int32_t mButtonState;
     nsecs_t mDownTime;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchCursorInputMapperCommon.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchCursorInputMapperCommon.h
index 2a3e263..a86443d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchCursorInputMapperCommon.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchCursorInputMapperCommon.h
@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@
 #ifndef _UI_INPUTREADER_TOUCH_CURSOR_INPUT_MAPPER_COMMON_H
 #define _UI_INPUTREADER_TOUCH_CURSOR_INPUT_MAPPER_COMMON_H
 
+#include <input/DisplayViewport.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
 #include "EventHub.h"
 #include "InputListener.h"
 #include "InputReaderContext.h"
 
-#include <stdint.h>
-
 namespace android {
 
 // --- Static Definitions ---
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
index 99a572a..efdc84f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@
             mPointerController = getContext()->getPointerController(getDeviceId());
         }
     } else {
-        mPointerController.clear();
+        mPointerController.reset();
     }
 
     if (viewportChanged || deviceModeChanged) {
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@
     resetExternalStylus();
 
     if (mPointerController != nullptr) {
-        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
         mPointerController->clearSpots();
     }
 
@@ -1589,8 +1589,8 @@
     } else {
         if (mDeviceMode == DEVICE_MODE_DIRECT && mConfig.showTouches &&
             mPointerController != nullptr) {
-            mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::PRESENTATION_SPOT);
-            mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+            mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::SPOT);
+            mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
 
             mPointerController->setButtonState(mCurrentRawState.buttonState);
             mPointerController->setSpots(mCurrentCookedState.cookedPointerData.pointerCoords,
@@ -2327,7 +2327,7 @@
 
     // Update the pointer presentation and spots.
     if (mParameters.gestureMode == Parameters::GESTURE_MODE_MULTI_TOUCH) {
-        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::PRESENTATION_POINTER);
+        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
         if (finishPreviousGesture || cancelPreviousGesture) {
             mPointerController->clearSpots();
         }
@@ -2339,7 +2339,7 @@
                                          mPointerController->getDisplayId());
         }
     } else {
-        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::PRESENTATION_POINTER);
+        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
     }
 
     // Show or hide the pointer if needed.
@@ -2349,7 +2349,7 @@
             if (mParameters.gestureMode == Parameters::GESTURE_MODE_MULTI_TOUCH &&
                 mPointerGesture.lastGestureMode == PointerGesture::FREEFORM) {
                 // Remind the user of where the pointer is after finishing a gesture with spots.
-                mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+                mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
             }
             break;
         case PointerGesture::TAP:
@@ -2360,15 +2360,15 @@
         case PointerGesture::SWIPE:
             // Unfade the pointer when the current gesture manipulates the
             // area directly under the pointer.
-            mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE);
+            mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
             break;
         case PointerGesture::FREEFORM:
             // Fade the pointer when the current gesture manipulates a different
             // area and there are spots to guide the user experience.
             if (mParameters.gestureMode == Parameters::GESTURE_MODE_MULTI_TOUCH) {
-                mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+                mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
             } else {
-                mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE);
+                mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
             }
             break;
     }
@@ -2537,7 +2537,7 @@
 
     // Remove any current spots.
     if (mPointerController != nullptr) {
-        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
         mPointerController->clearSpots();
     }
 }
@@ -3396,12 +3396,12 @@
     int32_t displayId = mViewport.displayId;
 
     if (down || hovering) {
-        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::PRESENTATION_POINTER);
+        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
         mPointerController->clearSpots();
         mPointerController->setButtonState(mCurrentRawState.buttonState);
-        mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_IMMEDIATE);
+        mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
     } else if (!down && !hovering && (mPointerSimple.down || mPointerSimple.hovering)) {
-        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::TRANSITION_GRADUAL);
+        mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
     }
     displayId = mPointerController->getDisplayId();
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
index 58bfc5c..7f811a0 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
     nsecs_t mDownTime;
 
     // The pointer controller, or null if the device is not a pointer.
-    sp<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
+    std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
 
     std::vector<VirtualKey> mVirtualKeys;
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
index c457a15..18bd3d0 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
@@ -27,12 +27,13 @@
 #include <TestInputListener.h>
 #include <TouchInputMapper.h>
 #include <UinputDevice.h>
-
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
+#include <memory>
+
 namespace android {
 
 using std::chrono_literals::operator""ms;
@@ -76,15 +77,14 @@
     int32_t mButtonState;
     int32_t mDisplayId;
 
-protected:
-    virtual ~FakePointerController() { }
-
 public:
     FakePointerController() :
         mHaveBounds(false), mMinX(0), mMinY(0), mMaxX(0), mMaxY(0), mX(0), mY(0),
         mButtonState(0), mDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT) {
     }
 
+    virtual ~FakePointerController() {}
+
     void setBounds(float minX, float minY, float maxX, float maxY) {
         mHaveBounds = true;
         mMinX = minX;
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
     std::condition_variable mDevicesChangedCondition;
 
     InputReaderConfiguration mConfig;
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, sp<FakePointerController> > mPointerControllers;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::shared_ptr<FakePointerController>> mPointerControllers;
     std::vector<InputDeviceInfo> mInputDevices GUARDED_BY(mLock);
     bool mInputDevicesChanged GUARDED_BY(mLock){false};
     std::vector<DisplayViewport> mViewports;
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@
 
     void removeDisabledDevice(int32_t deviceId) { mConfig.disabledDevices.erase(deviceId); }
 
-    void setPointerController(int32_t deviceId, const sp<FakePointerController>& controller) {
-        mPointerControllers.add(deviceId, controller);
+    void setPointerController(int32_t deviceId, std::shared_ptr<FakePointerController> controller) {
+        mPointerControllers.insert_or_assign(deviceId, std::move(controller));
     }
 
     const InputReaderConfiguration* getReaderConfiguration() const {
@@ -318,8 +318,8 @@
         *outConfig = mConfig;
     }
 
-    virtual sp<PointerControllerInterface> obtainPointerController(int32_t deviceId) {
-        return mPointerControllers.valueFor(deviceId);
+    virtual std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> obtainPointerController(int32_t deviceId) {
+        return mPointerControllers[deviceId];
     }
 
     virtual void notifyInputDevicesChanged(const std::vector<InputDeviceInfo>& inputDevices) {
@@ -847,7 +847,7 @@
     bool mUpdateGlobalMetaStateWasCalled;
     int32_t mGeneration;
     int32_t mNextId;
-    wp<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
+    std::weak_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> mPointerController;
 
 public:
     FakeInputReaderContext(std::shared_ptr<EventHubInterface> eventHub,
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@
     }
 
     void updatePointerDisplay() {
-        sp<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.promote();
+        std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.lock();
         if (controller != nullptr) {
             InputReaderConfiguration config;
             mPolicy->getReaderConfiguration(&config);
@@ -913,8 +913,8 @@
 
     virtual bool shouldDropVirtualKey(nsecs_t, int32_t, int32_t) { return false; }
 
-    virtual sp<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) {
-        sp<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.promote();
+    virtual std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> getPointerController(int32_t deviceId) {
+        std::shared_ptr<PointerControllerInterface> controller = mPointerController.lock();
         if (controller == nullptr) {
             controller = mPolicy->obtainPointerController(deviceId);
             mPointerController = controller;
@@ -2348,9 +2348,9 @@
         ASSERT_NEAR(distance, coords.getAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_DISTANCE), EPSILON);
     }
 
-    static void assertPosition(const sp<FakePointerController>& controller, float x, float y) {
+    static void assertPosition(const FakePointerController& controller, float x, float y) {
         float actualX, actualY;
-        controller->getPosition(&actualX, &actualY);
+        controller.getPosition(&actualX, &actualY);
         ASSERT_NEAR(x, actualX, 1);
         ASSERT_NEAR(y, actualY, 1);
     }
@@ -3021,12 +3021,12 @@
 protected:
     static const int32_t TRACKBALL_MOVEMENT_THRESHOLD;
 
-    sp<FakePointerController> mFakePointerController;
+    std::shared_ptr<FakePointerController> mFakePointerController;
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         InputMapperTest::SetUp();
 
-        mFakePointerController = new FakePointerController();
+        mFakePointerController = std::make_shared<FakePointerController>();
         mFakePolicy->setPointerController(mDevice->getId(), mFakePointerController);
     }
 
@@ -3682,7 +3682,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE, args.action);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPointerCoords(args.pointerCoords[0],
             110.0f, 220.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(*mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_PointerCapture) {
@@ -3710,7 +3710,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, args.action);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPointerCoords(args.pointerCoords[0],
             10.0f, 20.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(mFakePointerController, 100.0f, 200.0f));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(*mFakePointerController, 100.0f, 200.0f));
 
     // Button press.
     process(mapper, ARBITRARY_TIME, EV_KEY, BTN_MOUSE, 1);
@@ -3749,7 +3749,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, args.action);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPointerCoords(args.pointerCoords[0],
             30.0f, 40.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(mFakePointerController, 100.0f, 200.0f));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(*mFakePointerController, 100.0f, 200.0f));
 
     // Disable pointer capture and check that the device generation got bumped
     // and events are generated the usual way.
@@ -3770,7 +3770,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE, args.action);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPointerCoords(args.pointerCoords[0],
             110.0f, 220.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(*mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
 }
 
 TEST_F(CursorInputMapperTest, Process_ShouldHandleDisplayId) {
@@ -3798,7 +3798,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE, args.action);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPointerCoords(args.pointerCoords[0],
             110.0f, 220.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertPosition(*mFakePointerController, 110.0f, 220.0f));
     ASSERT_EQ(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID, args.displayId);
 }
 
@@ -6806,7 +6806,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, Process_Pointer_ShouldHandleDisplayId) {
     // Setup for second display.
-    sp<FakePointerController> fakePointerController = new FakePointerController();
+    std::shared_ptr<FakePointerController> fakePointerController =
+            std::make_shared<FakePointerController>();
     fakePointerController->setBounds(0, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1, DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1);
     fakePointerController->setPosition(100, 200);
     fakePointerController->setButtonState(0);
@@ -6866,7 +6867,8 @@
     device2->reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
 
     // Setup PointerController.
-    sp<FakePointerController> fakePointerController = new FakePointerController();
+    std::shared_ptr<FakePointerController> fakePointerController =
+            std::make_shared<FakePointerController>();
     mFakePolicy->setPointerController(mDevice->getId(), fakePointerController);
     mFakePolicy->setPointerController(SECOND_DEVICE_ID, fakePointerController);
 
diff --git a/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp b/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
index d0c83d6..0e1af59 100644
--- a/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
+++ b/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libhidlbase",
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include/"
     ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["jni_headers"],
     local_include_dirs: [
         "include/sensorservicehidl/"
     ]
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/Android.bp
index b3b9fe5..b37ca33 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/Android.bp
@@ -121,13 +121,6 @@
         //
         // You can either "make dist tests" before flashing, or set this
         // option to false temporarily.
-
-
-        // FIXME: ASAN build is broken for a while, but was not discovered
-        // since new PM silently suppressed ASAN. Temporarily turn off ASAN
-        // to unblock the compiler upgrade process.
-        // address: true,
-        // http://b/139747256
-        address: false,
+        address: true,
     },
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h
index 8a9763b..b4ed92f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
     FloatRect geomLayerBounds;
 
     // length of the shadow in screen space
-    float shadowRadius;
+    float shadowRadius{0.f};
 
     /*
      * Geometry state
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
index 75394fa..d2b38d1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     void dump(std::string& result) const;
 
     // Timestamp for when the layer is queued for client composition
-    nsecs_t clientCompositionTimestamp;
+    nsecs_t clientCompositionTimestamp{0};
 };
 
 } // namespace compositionengine::impl
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
index e8f54f5..34dc536 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@
     const bool useIdentityTransform = false;
     bool firstLayer = true;
     // Used when a layer clears part of the buffer.
-    Region dummyRegion;
+    Region stubRegion;
 
     for (auto* layer : getOutputLayersOrderedByZ()) {
         const auto& layerState = layer->getState();
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@
                     layer->needsFiltering() || outputState.needsFiltering,
                     outputState.isSecure,
                     supportsProtectedContent,
-                    clientComposition ? clearRegion : dummyRegion,
+                    clientComposition ? clearRegion : stubRegion,
                     outputState.viewport,
                     outputDataspace,
                     realContentIsVisible,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
index d889d74..d5bf569 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 namespace {
 
 using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::DoAll;
 using ::testing::InSequence;
 using ::testing::Ref;
 using ::testing::Return;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
index 59ed72e..7a06400 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
@@ -3583,15 +3583,15 @@
     mLayers[1].mLayerFEState.isOpaque = true;
     mLayers[2].mLayerFEState.isOpaque = true;
     Region accumClearRegion(Rect(10, 11, 12, 13));
-    Region dummyRegion;
+    Region stubRegion;
 
     compositionengine::LayerFE::ClientCompositionTargetSettings layer1TargetSettings{
             Region(kDisplayFrame),
-            false,       /* identity transform */
-            false,       /* needs filtering */
-            false,       /* secure */
-            false,       /* supports protected content */
-            dummyRegion, /* clear region */
+            false,      /* identity transform */
+            false,      /* needs filtering */
+            false,      /* secure */
+            false,      /* supports protected content */
+            stubRegion, /* clear region */
             kDisplayViewport,
             kDisplayDataspace,
             false /* realContentIsVisible */,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/OWNERS b/services/surfaceflinger/OWNERS
index f2bc65d..c5a4689 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/OWNERS
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/OWNERS
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 alecmouri@google.com
 chaviw@google.com
 lpy@google.com
-marissaw@google.com
 racarr@google.com
 steventhomas@google.com
 stoza@google.com
 vhau@google.com
+vishnun@google.com
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.cpp
index ff91bf7..46112f5 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.cpp
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
         return nextEventTime;
     }
 
-    // Sanity check that the duration is close enough in length to a period without
+    // Check that the duration is close enough in length to a period without
     // falling into double-rate vsyncs.
     bool isCloseToPeriod(nsecs_t duration) {
         // Ratio of 3/5 is arbitrary, but it must be greater than 1/2.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.h
index 832f08e..6fb5654 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/DispSync.h
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
 
     // mZeroErrSamplesCount keeps track of how many times in a row there were
     // zero timestamps available in the mPresentFences array.
-    // Used to sanity check that we are able to calculate the model error.
+    // Used to check that we are able to calculate the model error.
     size_t mZeroErrSamplesCount;
 
     // Whether we have updated the vsync event model since the last resync.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index 148749e..bfd8438 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 #include <gui/LayerMetadata.h>
 #include <gui/LayerState.h>
 #include <gui/Surface.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <input/IInputFlinger.h>
 #include <layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
@@ -441,7 +442,7 @@
         // deriving the setting from the set service name, but it
         // would be brittle if the name that's not 'default' is used
         // for production purposes later on.
-        setenv("TREBLE_TESTING_OVERRIDE", "true", true);
+        android::hardware::details::setTrebleTestingOverride(true);
     }
 
     useFrameRateApi = use_frame_rate_api(true);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
index cfc301b..7666f7f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 prop {
     api_name: "max_graphics_width"
     type: Integer
-    scope: System
+    scope: Public
     access: Readonly
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_graphics_width"
 }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
 prop {
     api_name: "max_graphics_height"
     type: Integer
-    scope: System
+    scope: Public
     access: Readonly
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_graphics_height"
 }
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
 prop {
     api_name: "refresh_rate_switching"
     type: Boolean
-    scope: System
+    scope: Public
     access: Readonly
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.refresh_rate_switching"
     deprecated: true
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/api/SurfaceFlingerProperties-latest.txt b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/api/SurfaceFlingerProperties-latest.txt
index b66e56e..ba60a7d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/api/SurfaceFlingerProperties-latest.txt
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/api/SurfaceFlingerProperties-latest.txt
@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.display_primary_white"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "display_update_imminent_timeout_ms"
+    type: Integer
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.display_update_imminent_timeout_ms"
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "enable_protected_contents"
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.protected_contents"
   }
@@ -57,6 +62,16 @@
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_frame_buffer_acquired_buffers"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "max_graphics_height"
+    type: Integer
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_graphics_height"
+  }
+  prop {
+    api_name: "max_graphics_width"
+    type: Integer
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_graphics_width"
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "max_virtual_display_dimension"
     type: Long
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.max_virtual_display_dimension"
@@ -73,6 +88,11 @@
     enum_values: "ORIENTATION_0|ORIENTATION_90|ORIENTATION_180|ORIENTATION_270"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "refresh_rate_switching"
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.refresh_rate_switching"
+    deprecated: true
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "running_without_sync_framework"
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.running_without_sync_framework"
   }
@@ -100,16 +120,29 @@
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.support_kernel_idle_timer"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "supports_background_blur"
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.supports_background_blur"
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "use_color_management"
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.use_color_management"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "use_content_detection_for_refresh_rate"
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.use_content_detection_for_refresh_rate"
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "use_context_priority"
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.use_context_priority"
   }
   prop {
+    api_name: "use_frame_rate_api"
+    prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.use_frame_rate_api"
+  }
+  prop {
     api_name: "use_smart_90_for_video"
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.use_smart_90_for_video"
+    deprecated: true
   }
   prop {
     api_name: "use_vr_flinger"
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/BufferGenerator.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/BufferGenerator.cpp
index 293738c..4868c12 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/BufferGenerator.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/BufferGenerator.cpp
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
     sp<Surface> mSurface;
 };
 
-/* Used to generate valid fences. It is not possible to create a dummy sync
+/* Used to generate valid fences. It is not possible to create a placeholder sync
  * fence for testing. Egl can generate buffers along with a valid fence.
  * The buffer cannot be guaranteed to be the same format across all devices so
  * a CPU filled buffer is used instead. The Egl fence is used along with the
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTransaction_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTransaction_test.cpp
index 97cba63..1f8f7ed 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTransaction_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTransaction_test.cpp
@@ -118,10 +118,9 @@
     sp<SurfaceControl> layer;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer = createLayer("test", width, height));
     const auto producer = layer->getIGraphicBufferProducer();
-    const sp<IProducerListener> dummyListener(new DummyProducerListener);
+    const sp<IProducerListener> stubListener(new StubProducerListener);
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput queueBufferOutput;
-    ASSERT_EQ(OK,
-              producer->connect(dummyListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &queueBufferOutput));
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, producer->connect(stubListener, NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, true, &queueBufferOutput));
 
     std::map<int, sp<GraphicBuffer>> slotMap;
     auto slotToBuffer = [&](int slot, sp<GraphicBuffer>* buf) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/fakehwc/FakeComposerUtils.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/fakehwc/FakeComposerUtils.cpp
index 96a7541..1cea25a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/fakehwc/FakeComposerUtils.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/fakehwc/FakeComposerUtils.cpp
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 #include "SurfaceFlinger.h" // Get the name of the service...
 
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
-
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <thread>
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
     property_set("debug.sf.hwc_service_name", "mock");
 
     // This allows tests/SF to register/load a HIDL service not listed in manifest files.
-    setenv("TREBLE_TESTING_OVERRIDE", "true", true);
+    android::hardware::details::setTrebleTestingOverride(true);
     property_set("debug.sf.treble_testing_override", "true");
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
index 68cb52f..a119e27 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
@@ -77,6 +77,22 @@
         return tracingSession;
     }
 
+    std::vector<perfetto::protos::TracePacket> readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(
+            perfetto::TracingSession* tracingSession) {
+        std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
+        perfetto::protos::Trace trace;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(trace.ParseFromArray(raw_trace.data(), int(raw_trace.size())));
+
+        std::vector<perfetto::protos::TracePacket> packets;
+        for (const auto& packet : trace.packet()) {
+            if (!packet.has_graphics_frame_event()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            packets.emplace_back(packet);
+        }
+        return packets;
+    }
+
     std::unique_ptr<FrameTracer> mFrameTracer;
     FenceToFenceTimeMap fenceFactory;
 };
@@ -142,40 +158,29 @@
         auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
 
         tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-        // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-        tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
         // Create second trace packet to finalize the previous one.
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-        std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-        EXPECT_EQ(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+        auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+        EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 0);
     }
 
     {
         auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
 
         tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-        // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-        tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-
         mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
         // Create second trace packet to finalize the previous one.
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-        std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-        ASSERT_GT(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+        auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+        EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 1);
 
-        perfetto::protos::Trace trace;
-        ASSERT_TRUE(trace.ParseFromArray(raw_trace.data(), int(raw_trace.size())));
-        ASSERT_FALSE(trace.packet().empty());
-        EXPECT_EQ(trace.packet().size(), 1);
-
-        const auto& packet = trace.packet().Get(0);
+        const auto& packet = packets[0];
         ASSERT_TRUE(packet.has_timestamp());
         EXPECT_EQ(packet.timestamp(), timestamp);
         ASSERT_TRUE(packet.has_graphics_frame_event());
@@ -205,24 +210,21 @@
         fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_PENDING);
         auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
         tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-        // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-        tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
         // Trace.
         mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
         mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
         // Create extra trace packet to (hopefully not) trigger and finalize the fence packet.
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
-        std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-        EXPECT_EQ(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+
+        auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+        EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 0);
     }
 
     {
         auto fenceTime = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
         auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
         tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-        // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-        tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
         mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
         mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
         const nsecs_t timestamp = systemTime();
@@ -231,15 +233,10 @@
         mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-        std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-        ASSERT_GT(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+        auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+        EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 2); // Two packets because of the extra trace made above.
 
-        perfetto::protos::Trace trace;
-        ASSERT_TRUE(trace.ParseFromArray(raw_trace.data(), int(raw_trace.size())));
-        ASSERT_FALSE(trace.packet().empty());
-        EXPECT_EQ(trace.packet().size(), 2); // Two packets because of the extra trace made above.
-
-        const auto& packet = trace.packet().Get(1);
+        const auto& packet = packets[1];
         ASSERT_TRUE(packet.has_timestamp());
         EXPECT_EQ(packet.timestamp(), timestamp);
         ASSERT_TRUE(packet.has_graphics_frame_event());
@@ -266,8 +263,6 @@
     auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
 
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-    // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-    tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
     mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
 
     // traceFence called after fence signalled.
@@ -288,22 +283,17 @@
     mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-    std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    ASSERT_GT(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+    auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 2);
 
-    perfetto::protos::Trace trace;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(trace.ParseFromArray(raw_trace.data(), int(raw_trace.size())));
-    ASSERT_FALSE(trace.packet().empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(trace.packet().size(), 2);
-
-    const auto& packet1 = trace.packet().Get(0);
+    const auto& packet1 = packets[0];
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet1.has_timestamp());
     EXPECT_EQ(packet1.timestamp(), signalTime1);
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet1.has_graphics_frame_event());
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet1.graphics_frame_event().has_buffer_event());
     ASSERT_FALSE(packet1.graphics_frame_event().buffer_event().has_duration_ns());
 
-    const auto& packet2 = trace.packet().Get(1);
+    const auto& packet2 = packets[1];
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet2.has_timestamp());
     EXPECT_EQ(packet2.timestamp(), signalTime2);
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet2.has_graphics_frame_event());
@@ -323,8 +313,6 @@
     auto fence = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
 
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-    // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-    tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
     mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
     mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence, type);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime);
@@ -332,8 +320,8 @@
     mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-    std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    EXPECT_EQ(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+    auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 0);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, traceFenceWithValidStartTime_ShouldHaveCorrectDuration) {
@@ -347,8 +335,6 @@
     auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
 
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-    // Clean up irrelevant traces.
-    tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
     mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
 
     // traceFence called after fence signalled.
@@ -369,15 +355,10 @@
     mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-    std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    ASSERT_GT(raw_trace.size(), 0);
+    auto packets = readGraphicsFramePacketsBlocking(tracingSession.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(packets.size(), 2);
 
-    perfetto::protos::Trace trace;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(trace.ParseFromArray(raw_trace.data(), int(raw_trace.size())));
-    ASSERT_FALSE(trace.packet().empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(trace.packet().size(), 2);
-
-    const auto& packet1 = trace.packet().Get(0);
+    const auto& packet1 = packets[0];
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet1.has_timestamp());
     EXPECT_EQ(packet1.timestamp(), startTime1);
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet1.has_graphics_frame_event());
@@ -386,7 +367,7 @@
     const auto& buffer_event1 = packet1.graphics_frame_event().buffer_event();
     EXPECT_EQ(buffer_event1.duration_ns(), duration);
 
-    const auto& packet2 = trace.packet().Get(1);
+    const auto& packet2 = packets[1];
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet2.has_timestamp());
     EXPECT_EQ(packet2.timestamp(), startTime2);
     ASSERT_TRUE(packet2.has_graphics_frame_event());
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
index 38bc8a1..cbf264d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -365,6 +365,10 @@
 
     auto flushTransactionQueues() { return mFlinger->flushTransactionQueues(); };
 
+    auto onTransact(uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags) {
+        return mFlinger->onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
+    }
+
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Read-only access to private data to assert post-conditions.
      */
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
index 63a34af..0a24650 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
 }
 
 static std::string genLayerName(int32_t layerId) {
-    return (layerId < 0 ? "PopupWindow:b54fcd1#0" : "com.dummy#") + std::to_string(layerId);
+    return (layerId < 0 ? "PopupWindow:b54fcd1#0" : "com.example.fake#") + std::to_string(layerId);
 }
 
 void TimeStatsTest::setTimeStamp(TimeStamp type, int32_t id, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t ts) {
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
                                            std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(8ms)
                                                    .count());
 
-    // Push a dummy present fence to trigger flushing the RenderEngine timings.
+    // Push a fake present fence to trigger flushing the RenderEngine timings.
     mTimeStats->setPowerMode(PowerMode::ON);
     mTimeStats->setPresentFenceGlobal(std::make_shared<FenceTime>(
             std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(1ms).count()));
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(preFlushProto.ParseFromString(inputCommand(InputCommand::DUMP_ALL, FMT_PROTO)));
     ASSERT_EQ(0, preFlushProto.render_engine_timing_size());
 
-    // Push a dummy present fence to trigger flushing the RenderEngine timings.
+    // Push a fake present fence to trigger flushing the RenderEngine timings.
     mTimeStats->setPowerMode(PowerMode::ON);
     mTimeStats->setPresentFenceGlobal(std::make_shared<FenceTime>(
             std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(1ms).count()));
diff --git a/services/vr/virtual_touchpad/Android.bp b/services/vr/virtual_touchpad/Android.bp
index dcaa663..9cf4905 100644
--- a/services/vr/virtual_touchpad/Android.bp
+++ b/services/vr/virtual_touchpad/Android.bp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 ]
 
 header_libraries = [
+    "jni_headers",
     "libdvr_headers",
 ]
 
diff --git a/vulkan/libvulkan/driver.cpp b/vulkan/libvulkan/driver.cpp
index 7bcb2c1..01cbf39 100644
--- a/vulkan/libvulkan/driver.cpp
+++ b/vulkan/libvulkan/driver.cpp
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
 }
 
 const std::array<const char*, 2> HAL_SUBNAME_KEY_PROPERTIES = {{
-    "ro.hardware." HWVULKAN_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
+    "ro.hardware.vulkan",
     "ro.board.platform",
 }};
 
@@ -964,9 +964,7 @@
 
     // conditionally add VK_GOOGLE_display_timing if present timestamps are
     // supported by the driver:
-    const std::string timestamp_property("service.sf.present_timestamp");
-    android::base::WaitForPropertyCreation(timestamp_property);
-    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty(timestamp_property, true)) {
+    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("service.sf.present_timestamp", false)) {
         loader_extensions.push_back({
                 VK_GOOGLE_DISPLAY_TIMING_EXTENSION_NAME,
                 VK_GOOGLE_DISPLAY_TIMING_SPEC_VERSION});