diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
index 98d5754..bc35639 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@
         "FrameTimelineTest.cpp",
         "GameModeTest.cpp",
         "HWComposerTest.cpp",
+        "JankTrackerTest.cpp",
         "OneShotTimerTest.cpp",
         "LayerHistoryTest.cpp",
         "LayerHistoryIntegrationTest.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTimelineTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTimelineTest.cpp
index dac9265..25437ca 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTimelineTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTimelineTest.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
  */
 
 #include <common/test/FlagUtils.h>
+#include "BackgroundExecutor.h"
+#include "Jank/JankTracker.h"
 #include "com_android_graphics_surfaceflinger_flags.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h"
 #include "mock/MockTimeStats.h"
@@ -90,8 +92,12 @@
         mTraceCookieCounter = &mFrameTimeline->mTraceCookieCounter;
         maxDisplayFrames = &mFrameTimeline->mMaxDisplayFrames;
         maxTokens = mTokenManager->kMaxTokens;
+
+        JankTracker::clearAndStartCollectingAllJankDataForTesting();
     }
 
+    void TearDown() override { JankTracker::clearAndStopCollectingAllJankDataForTesting(); }
+
     // Each tracing session can be used for a single block of Start -> Stop.
     static std::unique_ptr<perfetto::TracingSession> getTracingSessionForTest() {
         perfetto::TraceConfig cfg;
@@ -175,6 +181,16 @@
                 [&](FrameTimelineDataSource::TraceContext ctx) { ctx.Flush(); });
     }
 
+    std::vector<gui::JankData> getLayerOneJankData() {
+        BackgroundExecutor::getLowPriorityInstance().flushQueue();
+        return JankTracker::getCollectedJankDataForTesting(sLayerIdOne);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<gui::JankData> getLayerTwoJankData() {
+        BackgroundExecutor::getLowPriorityInstance().flushQueue();
+        return JankTracker::getCollectedJankDataForTesting(sLayerIdTwo);
+    }
+
     std::shared_ptr<mock::TimeStats> mTimeStats;
     std::unique_ptr<impl::FrameTimeline> mFrameTimeline;
     impl::TokenManager* mTokenManager;
@@ -339,6 +355,9 @@
     EXPECT_NE(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), std::nullopt);
     EXPECT_NE(surfaceFrame2->getJankType(), std::nullopt);
     EXPECT_NE(surfaceFrame2->getJankSeverityType(), std::nullopt);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(getLayerOneJankData().size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(getLayerTwoJankData().size(), 1u);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, displayFrameSkippedComposition) {
@@ -446,6 +465,8 @@
     // The window should have slided by 1 now and the previous 0th display frame
     // should have been removed from the deque
     EXPECT_EQ(compareTimelineItems(displayFrame0->getActuals(), TimelineItem(52, 57, 62)), true);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(getLayerOneJankData().size(), *maxDisplayFrames);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, surfaceFrameEndTimeAcquireFenceAfterQueue) {
@@ -575,6 +596,8 @@
     presentFence1->signalForTest(70);
 
     mFrameTimeline->setSfPresent(59, presentFence1);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(getLayerOneJankData().size(), 0u);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsLongSfCpu) {
@@ -603,6 +626,10 @@
     presentFence1->signalForTest(70);
 
     mFrameTimeline->setSfPresent(62, presentFence1);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::SurfaceFlingerCpuDeadlineMissed);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsLongSfGpu) {
@@ -633,6 +660,10 @@
     presentFence1->signalForTest(70);
 
     mFrameTimeline->setSfPresent(59, presentFence1, gpuFence1);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::SurfaceFlingerGpuDeadlineMissed);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsDisplayMiss) {
@@ -661,6 +692,10 @@
     mFrameTimeline->setSfPresent(56, presentFence1);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::DisplayHAL);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Full);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::DisplayHAL);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsAppMiss) {
@@ -691,6 +726,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Partial);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsSfScheduling) {
@@ -721,6 +760,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::SurfaceFlingerScheduling);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Full);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::SurfaceFlingerScheduling);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsSfPredictionError) {
@@ -751,6 +794,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::PredictionError);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Partial);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::PredictionError);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsAppBufferStuffing) {
@@ -782,6 +829,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::BufferStuffing);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Full);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::BufferStuffing);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_reportsAppMissWithRenderRate) {
@@ -814,6 +865,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Full);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, presentFenceSignaled_displayFramePredictionExpiredPresentsSurfaceFrame) {
@@ -858,6 +913,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getActuals().presentTime, 90);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankType(), JankType::Unknown | JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
     EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFrame1->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::Full);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::Unknown | JankType::AppDeadlineMissed);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1789,6 +1848,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(displayFrame->getFrameReadyMetadata(), FrameReadyMetadata::OnTimeFinish);
     EXPECT_EQ(displayFrame->getJankType(), JankType::None);
     EXPECT_EQ(displayFrame->getJankSeverityType(), JankSeverityType::None);
+
+    auto jankData = getLayerOneJankData();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData.size(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, JankType::None);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTimelineTest, jankClassification_displayFrameOnTimeFinishEarlyPresent) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/JankTrackerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/JankTrackerTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2941a14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/JankTrackerTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android/gui/BnJankListener.h>
+#include <binder/IInterface.h>
+#include "BackgroundExecutor.h"
+#include "Jank/JankTracker.h"
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+namespace {
+
+using namespace testing;
+
+class MockJankListener : public gui::BnJankListener {
+public:
+    MockJankListener() = default;
+    ~MockJankListener() override = default;
+
+    MOCK_METHOD(binder::Status, onJankData, (const std::vector<gui::JankData>& jankData),
+                (override));
+};
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class JankTrackerTest : public Test {
+public:
+    JankTrackerTest() {}
+
+    void SetUp() override { mListener = sp<StrictMock<MockJankListener>>::make(); }
+
+    void addJankListener(int32_t layerId) {
+        JankTracker::addJankListener(layerId, IInterface::asBinder(mListener));
+    }
+
+    void removeJankListener(int32_t layerId, int64_t after) {
+        JankTracker::removeJankListener(layerId, IInterface::asBinder(mListener), after);
+    }
+
+    void addJankData(int32_t layerId, int jankType) {
+        gui::JankData data;
+        data.frameVsyncId = mVsyncId++;
+        data.jankType = jankType;
+        data.frameIntervalNs = 8333333;
+        JankTracker::onJankData(layerId, data);
+    }
+
+    void flushBackgroundThread() { BackgroundExecutor::getLowPriorityInstance().flushQueue(); }
+
+    size_t listenerCount() { return JankTracker::sListenerCount; }
+
+    std::vector<gui::JankData> getCollectedJankData(int32_t layerId) {
+        return JankTracker::getCollectedJankDataForTesting(layerId);
+    }
+
+    sp<StrictMock<MockJankListener>> mListener = nullptr;
+    int64_t mVsyncId = 1000;
+};
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, jankDataIsTrackedAndPropagated) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mListener.get(), onJankData(SizeIs(3)))
+            .WillOnce([](const std::vector<gui::JankData>& jankData) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].frameVsyncId, 1000);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, 1);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].frameIntervalNs, 8333333);
+
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].frameVsyncId, 1001);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].jankType, 2);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].frameIntervalNs, 8333333);
+
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[2].frameVsyncId, 1002);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[2].jankType, 3);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[2].frameIntervalNs, 8333333);
+                return binder::Status::ok();
+            });
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mListener.get(), onJankData(SizeIs(2)))
+            .WillOnce([](const std::vector<gui::JankData>& jankData) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].frameVsyncId, 1003);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].jankType, 4);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[0].frameIntervalNs, 8333333);
+
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].frameVsyncId, 1004);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].jankType, 5);
+                EXPECT_EQ(jankData[1].frameIntervalNs, 8333333);
+
+                return binder::Status::ok();
+            });
+
+    addJankListener(123);
+    addJankData(123, 1);
+    addJankData(123, 2);
+    addJankData(123, 3);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    addJankData(123, 4);
+    removeJankListener(123, mVsyncId);
+    addJankData(123, 5);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    addJankData(123, 6);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    removeJankListener(123, 0);
+
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+}
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, jankDataIsAutomaticallyFlushedInBatches) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    // needs to be larger than kJankDataBatchSize in JankTracker.cpp.
+    constexpr size_t kNumberOfJankDataToSend = 234;
+
+    size_t jankDataReceived = 0;
+    size_t numBatchesReceived = 0;
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mListener.get(), onJankData(_))
+            .WillRepeatedly([&](const std::vector<gui::JankData>& jankData) {
+                jankDataReceived += jankData.size();
+                numBatchesReceived++;
+                return binder::Status::ok();
+            });
+
+    addJankListener(123);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumberOfJankDataToSend; i++) {
+        addJankData(123, 0);
+    }
+
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    // Check that we got some data, without explicitly flushing.
+    EXPECT_GT(jankDataReceived, 0u);
+    EXPECT_GT(numBatchesReceived, 0u);
+    EXPECT_LT(numBatchesReceived, jankDataReceived); // batches should be > size 1.
+
+    removeJankListener(123, 0);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    EXPECT_EQ(jankDataReceived, kNumberOfJankDataToSend);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, jankListenerIsRemovedWhenReturningNullError) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mListener.get(), onJankData(SizeIs(3)))
+            .WillOnce(Return(binder::Status::fromExceptionCode(binder::Status::EX_NULL_POINTER)));
+
+    addJankListener(123);
+    addJankData(123, 1);
+    addJankData(123, 2);
+    addJankData(123, 3);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    addJankData(123, 4);
+    addJankData(123, 5);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, jankDataIsDroppedIfNobodyIsListening) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    addJankData(123, 1);
+    addJankData(123, 2);
+    addJankData(123, 3);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(getCollectedJankData(123).size(), 0u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, listenerCountTracksRegistrations) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    addJankListener(123);
+    addJankListener(456);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    EXPECT_EQ(listenerCount(), 2u);
+
+    removeJankListener(123, 0);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    removeJankListener(456, 0);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(456);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    EXPECT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JankTrackerTest, listenerCountIsAccurateOnDuplicateRegistration) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+
+    addJankListener(123);
+    addJankListener(123);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    EXPECT_EQ(listenerCount(), 1u);
+
+    removeJankListener(123, 0);
+    JankTracker::flushJankData(123);
+    flushBackgroundThread();
+    EXPECT_EQ(listenerCount(), 0u);
+}
+
+} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionSurfaceFrameTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionSurfaceFrameTest.cpp
index 46733b9..0745f87 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionSurfaceFrameTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionSurfaceFrameTest.cpp
@@ -302,58 +302,6 @@
         EXPECT_EQ(PresentState::Presented, bufferSurfaceFrameTX->getPresentState());
     }
 
-    void PendingSurfaceFramesRemovedAfterClassification() {
-        sp<Layer> layer = createLayer();
-
-        sp<Fence> fence1(sp<Fence>::make());
-        auto acquireFence1 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(fence1);
-        BufferData bufferData;
-        bufferData.acquireFence = fence1;
-        bufferData.frameNumber = 1;
-        bufferData.flags |= BufferData::BufferDataChange::fenceChanged;
-        bufferData.flags |= BufferData::BufferDataChange::frameNumberChanged;
-        std::shared_ptr<renderengine::ExternalTexture> externalTexture1 = std::make_shared<
-                renderengine::mock::FakeExternalTexture>(1U /*width*/, 1U /*height*/,
-                                                         1ULL /* bufferId */,
-                                                         HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
-                                                         0ULL /*usage*/);
-        FrameTimelineInfo ftInfo;
-        ftInfo.vsyncId = 1;
-        ftInfo.inputEventId = 0;
-        layer->setBuffer(externalTexture1, bufferData, 10, 20, false, ftInfo);
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX);
-        const auto droppedSurfaceFrame = layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX;
-
-        sp<Fence> fence2(sp<Fence>::make());
-        auto acquireFence2 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(fence2);
-        bufferData.acquireFence = fence2;
-        bufferData.frameNumber = 1;
-        bufferData.flags |= BufferData::BufferDataChange::fenceChanged;
-        bufferData.flags |= BufferData::BufferDataChange::frameNumberChanged;
-        std::shared_ptr<renderengine::ExternalTexture> externalTexture2 = std::make_shared<
-                renderengine::mock::FakeExternalTexture>(1U /*width*/, 1U /*height*/,
-                                                         1ULL /* bufferId */,
-                                                         HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
-                                                         0ULL /*usage*/);
-        layer->setBuffer(externalTexture2, bufferData, 10, 20, false, ftInfo);
-        acquireFence2->signalForTest(12);
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX);
-        auto presentedSurfaceFrame = layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX;
-
-        commitTransaction(layer.get());
-        layer->updateTexImage(15);
-
-        // Both the droppedSurfaceFrame and presentedSurfaceFrame should be in
-        // pendingJankClassifications.
-        EXPECT_EQ(2u, layer->mPendingJankClassifications.size());
-        presentedSurfaceFrame->onPresent(20, JankType::None, 90_Hz, 90_Hz,
-                                         /*displayDeadlineDelta*/ 0, /*displayPresentDelta*/ 0);
-        layer->releasePendingBuffer(25);
-
-        EXPECT_EQ(0u, layer->mPendingJankClassifications.size());
-    }
-
     void BufferSurfaceFrame_ReplaceValidTokenBufferWithInvalidTokenBuffer() {
         sp<Layer> layer = createLayer();
 
@@ -445,8 +393,7 @@
 
     void MultipleCommitsBeforeLatch() {
         sp<Layer> layer = createLayer();
-        uint32_t surfaceFramesPendingClassification = 0;
-        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<frametimeline::SurfaceFrame>> bufferlessSurfaceFrames;
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<frametimeline::SurfaceFrame>> surfaceFrames;
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i += 2) {
             sp<Fence> fence(sp<Fence>::make());
             BufferData bufferData;
@@ -469,51 +416,43 @@
             layer->setFrameTimelineVsyncForBufferlessTransaction(ftInfo2, 10);
             ASSERT_NE(nullptr, layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX);
             EXPECT_EQ(1u, layer->mDrawingState.bufferlessSurfaceFramesTX.size());
-            auto& bufferlessSurfaceFrame =
-                    layer->mDrawingState.bufferlessSurfaceFramesTX.at(/*vsyncId*/ 2);
-            bufferlessSurfaceFrames.push_back(bufferlessSurfaceFrame);
+
+            surfaceFrames.push_back(layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX);
+            surfaceFrames.push_back(
+                    layer->mDrawingState.bufferlessSurfaceFramesTX.at(/*vsyncId*/ 2));
 
             commitTransaction(layer.get());
-            surfaceFramesPendingClassification += 2;
-            EXPECT_EQ(surfaceFramesPendingClassification,
-                      layer->mPendingJankClassifications.size());
         }
 
         auto presentedBufferSurfaceFrame = layer->mDrawingState.bufferSurfaceFrameTX;
         layer->updateTexImage(15);
         // BufferlessSurfaceFrames are immediately set to presented and added to the DisplayFrame.
         // Since we don't have access to DisplayFrame here, trigger an onPresent directly.
-        for (auto& surfaceFrame : bufferlessSurfaceFrames) {
-            surfaceFrame->onPresent(20, JankType::None, 90_Hz, 90_Hz,
-                                    /*displayDeadlineDelta*/ 0, /*displayPresentDelta*/ 0);
+        // The odd indices are the bufferless frames.
+        for (uint32_t i = 1; i < 10; i += 2) {
+            surfaceFrames[i]->onPresent(20, JankType::None, 90_Hz, 90_Hz,
+                                        /*displayDeadlineDelta*/ 0, /*displayPresentDelta*/ 0);
         }
         presentedBufferSurfaceFrame->onPresent(20, JankType::None, 90_Hz, 90_Hz,
                                                /*displayDeadlineDelta*/ 0,
                                                /*displayPresentDelta*/ 0);
 
-        // There should be 10 bufferlessSurfaceFrames and 1 bufferSurfaceFrame
-        ASSERT_EQ(10u, surfaceFramesPendingClassification);
-        ASSERT_EQ(surfaceFramesPendingClassification, layer->mPendingJankClassifications.size());
-
         // For the frames upto 8, the bufferSurfaceFrame should have been dropped while the
         // bufferlessSurfaceFrame presented
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 8; i += 2) {
-            auto& bufferSurfaceFrame = layer->mPendingJankClassifications[i];
-            auto& bufferlessSurfaceFrame = layer->mPendingJankClassifications[i + 1];
+            auto bufferSurfaceFrame = surfaceFrames[i];
+            auto bufferlessSurfaceFrame = surfaceFrames[i + 1];
             EXPECT_EQ(bufferSurfaceFrame->getPresentState(), PresentState::Dropped);
             EXPECT_EQ(bufferlessSurfaceFrame->getPresentState(), PresentState::Presented);
         }
         {
-            auto& bufferSurfaceFrame = layer->mPendingJankClassifications[8u];
-            auto& bufferlessSurfaceFrame = layer->mPendingJankClassifications[9u];
+            auto bufferSurfaceFrame = surfaceFrames[8];
+            auto bufferlessSurfaceFrame = surfaceFrames[9];
             EXPECT_EQ(bufferSurfaceFrame->getPresentState(), PresentState::Presented);
             EXPECT_EQ(bufferlessSurfaceFrame->getPresentState(), PresentState::Presented);
         }
 
         layer->releasePendingBuffer(25);
-
-        // There shouldn't be any pending classifications. Everything should have been cleared.
-        EXPECT_EQ(0u, layer->mPendingJankClassifications.size());
     }
 };
 
@@ -541,10 +480,6 @@
     MultipleSurfaceFramesPresentedTogether();
 }
 
-TEST_F(TransactionSurfaceFrameTest, PendingSurfaceFramesRemovedAfterClassification) {
-    PendingSurfaceFramesRemovedAfterClassification();
-}
-
 TEST_F(TransactionSurfaceFrameTest,
        BufferSurfaceFrame_ReplaceValidTokenBufferWithInvalidTokenBuffer) {
     BufferSurfaceFrame_ReplaceValidTokenBufferWithInvalidTokenBuffer();