diff --git a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
index dfdcab8..2b36067 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
@@ -50,9 +50,11 @@
 
 #include "dexopt.h"
 #include "dexopt_return_codes.h"
+#include "execv_helper.h"
 #include "globals.h"
 #include "installd_deps.h"
 #include "otapreopt_utils.h"
+#include "run_dex2oat.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
 using android::base::Basename;
@@ -68,16 +70,6 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace installd {
 
-// Should minidebug info be included in compiled artifacts? Even if this value is
-// "true," usage might still be conditional to other constraints, e.g., system
-// property overrides.
-static constexpr bool kEnableMinidebugInfo = true;
-
-static constexpr const char* kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty = "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-minidebuginfo";
-static constexpr bool kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault = false;
-static constexpr const char* kMinidebugDex2oatFlag = "--generate-mini-debug-info";
-static constexpr const char* kDisableCompactDexFlag = "--compact-dex-level=none";
-
 
 // Deleter using free() for use with std::unique_ptr<>. See also UniqueCPtr<> below.
 struct FreeDelete {
@@ -187,82 +179,6 @@
     return clear_current_profile(package_name, location, user, /*is_secondary_dex*/false);
 }
 
-static std::vector<std::string> SplitBySpaces(const std::string& str) {
-    if (str.empty()) {
-        return {};
-    }
-    return android::base::Split(str, " ");
-}
-
-// ExecVHelper prepares and holds pointers to parsed command line arguments so that no allocations
-// need to be performed between the fork and exec.
-class ExecVHelper {
-  public:
-    // Store a placeholder for the binary name.
-    ExecVHelper() : args_(1u, std::string()) {}
-
-    void PrepareArgs(const std::string& bin) {
-        CHECK(!args_.empty());
-        CHECK(args_[0].empty());
-        args_[0] = bin;
-        // Write char* into array.
-        for (const std::string& arg : args_) {
-            argv_.push_back(arg.c_str());
-        }
-        argv_.push_back(nullptr);  // Add null terminator.
-    }
-
-    [[ noreturn ]]
-    void Exec(int exit_code) {
-        execv(argv_[0], (char * const *)&argv_[0]);
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "execv(" << argv_[0] << ") failed";
-        exit(exit_code);
-    }
-
-    // Add an arg if it's not empty.
-    void AddArg(const std::string& arg) {
-        if (!arg.empty()) {
-            args_.push_back(arg);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Add a runtime arg if it's not empty.
-    void AddRuntimeArg(const std::string& arg) {
-        if (!arg.empty()) {
-            args_.push_back("--runtime-arg");
-            args_.push_back(arg);
-        }
-    }
-
-  protected:
-    // Holder arrays for backing arg storage.
-    std::vector<std::string> args_;
-
-    // Argument poiners.
-    std::vector<const char*> argv_;
-};
-
-static std::string MapPropertyToArg(const std::string& property,
-                                    const std::string& format,
-                                    const std::string& default_value = "") {
-  std::string prop = GetProperty(property, default_value);
-  if (!prop.empty()) {
-    return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), prop.c_str());
-  }
-  return "";
-}
-
-static std::string MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(const std::string& property,
-                                              const std::string& backupProperty,
-                                              const std::string& format,
-                                              const std::string& default_value = "") {
-  std::string value = GetProperty(property, default_value);
-  if (!value.empty()) {
-    return StringPrintf(format.c_str(), value.c_str());
-  }
-  return MapPropertyToArg(backupProperty, format, default_value);
-}
-
 // Determines which binary we should use for execution (the debug or non-debug version).
 // e.g. dex2oatd vs dex2oat
 static const char* select_execution_binary(const char* binary, const char* debug_binary,
@@ -301,9 +217,6 @@
 static const char* RUNTIME_NATIVE_BOOT_NAMESPACE = "runtime_native_boot";
 // Feature flag name for running the JIT in Zygote experiment, b/119800099.
 static const char* ENABLE_JITZYGOTE_IMAGE = "enable_apex_image";
-// Location of the JIT Zygote image.
-static const char* kJitZygoteImage =
-    "boot.art:/nonx/boot-framework.art!/system/etc/boot-image.prof";
 
 // Phenotype property name for enabling profiling the boot class path.
 static const char* PROFILE_BOOT_CLASS_PATH = "profilebootclasspath";
@@ -318,272 +231,6 @@
     return profile_boot_class_path == "true";
 }
 
-class RunDex2Oat : public ExecVHelper {
-  public:
-    RunDex2Oat(const char* dex2oat_bin,
-               int zip_fd,
-               int oat_fd,
-               int input_vdex_fd,
-               int output_vdex_fd,
-               int image_fd,
-               const char* input_file_name,
-               const char* output_file_name,
-               int swap_fd,
-               const char* instruction_set,
-               const char* compiler_filter,
-               bool debuggable,
-               bool post_bootcomplete,
-               bool for_restore,
-               int profile_fd,
-               const char* class_loader_context,
-               const std::string& class_loader_context_fds,
-               int target_sdk_version,
-               bool enable_hidden_api_checks,
-               bool generate_compact_dex,
-               int dex_metadata_fd,
-               bool use_jitzygote_image,
-               const char* compilation_reason) {
-        // Get the relative path to the input file.
-        std::string input_basename = Basename(input_file_name);
-
-        std::string dex2oat_Xms_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", "-Xms%s");
-        std::string dex2oat_Xmx_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", "-Xmx%s");
-
-        std::string threads_format = "-j%s";
-        std::string dex2oat_threads_arg = post_bootcomplete
-                ? (for_restore
-                    ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
-                            "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-threads",
-                            "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads",
-                            threads_format)
-                    : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", threads_format))
-                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-threads", threads_format);
-        std::string cpu_set_format = "--cpu-set=%s";
-        std::string dex2oat_cpu_set_arg = post_bootcomplete
-                ? (for_restore
-                    ? MapPropertyToArgWithBackup(
-                            "dalvik.vm.restore-dex2oat-cpu-set",
-                            "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set",
-                            cpu_set_format)
-                    : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format))
-                : MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-cpu-set", cpu_set_format);
-
-        std::string bootclasspath;
-        char* dex2oat_bootclasspath = getenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH");
-        if (dex2oat_bootclasspath != nullptr) {
-            bootclasspath = StringPrintf("-Xbootclasspath:%s", dex2oat_bootclasspath);
-        }
-        // If DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH is not in the environment, dex2oat is going to query
-        // BOOTCLASSPATH.
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_isa_features_key =
-                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
-        std::string instruction_set_features_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "--instruction-set-features=%s");
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_isa_variant_key =
-                StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
-        std::string instruction_set_variant_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "--instruction-set-variant=%s");
-
-        const char* dex2oat_norelocation = "-Xnorelocate";
-
-        const std::string dex2oat_flags = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", "");
-        std::vector<std::string> dex2oat_flags_args = SplitBySpaces(dex2oat_flags);
-        ALOGV("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags=%s\n", dex2oat_flags.c_str());
-
-        // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
-        std::string vold_decrypt = GetProperty("vold.decrypt", "");
-        bool skip_compilation = vold_decrypt == "trigger_restart_min_framework" ||
-                                vold_decrypt == "1";
-
-        std::string updatable_bcp_packages =
-            MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-updatable-bcp-packages-file",
-                             "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=%s");
-        if (updatable_bcp_packages.empty()) {
-          // Make dex2oat fail by providing non-existent file name.
-          updatable_bcp_packages = "--updatable-bcp-packages-file=/nonx/updatable-bcp-packages.txt";
-        }
-
-        std::string resolve_startup_string_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("persist.device_config.runtime.dex2oat_resolve_startup_strings",
-                                 "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
-        if (resolve_startup_string_arg.empty()) {
-          // If empty, fall back to system property.
-          resolve_startup_string_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-resolve-startup-strings",
-                                 "--resolve-startup-const-strings=%s");
-        }
-
-        const std::string image_block_size_arg =
-                MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-max-image-block-size",
-                                 "--max-image-block-size=%s");
-
-        const bool generate_debug_info = GetBoolProperty("debug.generate-debug-info", false);
-
-        std::string image_format_arg;
-        if (image_fd >= 0) {
-            image_format_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.appimageformat", "--image-format=%s");
-        }
-
-        std::string dex2oat_large_app_threshold_arg =
-            MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-very-large", "--very-large-app-threshold=%s");
-
-        bool generate_minidebug_info = kEnableMinidebugInfo &&
-                GetBoolProperty(kMinidebugInfoSystemProperty, kMinidebugInfoSystemPropertyDefault);
-
-        std::string boot_image;
-        if (use_jitzygote_image) {
-          boot_image = StringPrintf("--boot-image=%s", kJitZygoteImage);
-        } else {
-          boot_image = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.boot-image", "--boot-image=%s");
-        }
-
-        // clang FORTIFY doesn't let us use strlen in constant array bounds, so we
-        // use arraysize instead.
-        std::string zip_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--zip-fd=%d", zip_fd);
-        std::string zip_location_arg = StringPrintf("--zip-location=%s", input_basename.c_str());
-        std::string input_vdex_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--input-vdex-fd=%d", input_vdex_fd);
-        std::string output_vdex_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--output-vdex-fd=%d", output_vdex_fd);
-        std::string oat_fd_arg = StringPrintf("--oat-fd=%d", oat_fd);
-        std::string oat_location_arg = StringPrintf("--oat-location=%s", output_file_name);
-        std::string instruction_set_arg = StringPrintf("--instruction-set=%s", instruction_set);
-        std::string dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg;
-        std::string dex2oat_swap_fd;
-        std::string dex2oat_image_fd;
-        std::string target_sdk_version_arg;
-        if (target_sdk_version != 0) {
-            target_sdk_version_arg = StringPrintf("-Xtarget-sdk-version:%d", target_sdk_version);
-        }
-        std::string class_loader_context_arg;
-        std::string class_loader_context_fds_arg;
-        if (class_loader_context != nullptr) {
-            class_loader_context_arg = StringPrintf("--class-loader-context=%s",
-                                                    class_loader_context);
-            if (!class_loader_context_fds.empty()) {
-                class_loader_context_fds_arg = StringPrintf("--class-loader-context-fds=%s",
-                                                            class_loader_context_fds.c_str());
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (swap_fd >= 0) {
-            dex2oat_swap_fd = StringPrintf("--swap-fd=%d", swap_fd);
-        }
-        if (image_fd >= 0) {
-            dex2oat_image_fd = StringPrintf("--app-image-fd=%d", image_fd);
-        }
-
-        // Compute compiler filter.
-        bool have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = false;
-        if (skip_compilation) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = "--compiler-filter=extract";
-            have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag = true;
-        } else if (compiler_filter != nullptr) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = StringPrintf("--compiler-filter=%s", compiler_filter);
-        }
-
-        if (dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg.empty()) {
-            dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg = MapPropertyToArg("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter",
-                                                           "--compiler-filter=%s");
-        }
-
-        // Check whether all apps should be compiled debuggable.
-        if (!debuggable) {
-            debuggable = GetProperty("dalvik.vm.always_debuggable", "") == "1";
-        }
-        std::string profile_arg;
-        if (profile_fd != -1) {
-            profile_arg = StringPrintf("--profile-file-fd=%d", profile_fd);
-        }
-
-        // Get the directory of the apk to pass as a base classpath directory.
-        std::string base_dir;
-        std::string apk_dir(input_file_name);
-        unsigned long dir_index = apk_dir.rfind('/');
-        bool has_base_dir = dir_index != std::string::npos;
-        if (has_base_dir) {
-            apk_dir = apk_dir.substr(0, dir_index);
-            base_dir = StringPrintf("--classpath-dir=%s", apk_dir.c_str());
-        }
-
-        std::string dex_metadata_fd_arg = "--dm-fd=" + std::to_string(dex_metadata_fd);
-
-        std::string compilation_reason_arg = compilation_reason == nullptr
-                ? ""
-                : std::string("--compilation-reason=") + compilation_reason;
-
-        ALOGV("Running %s in=%s out=%s\n", dex2oat_bin, input_basename.c_str(), output_file_name);
-
-        // Disable cdex if update input vdex is true since this combination of options is not
-        // supported.
-        const bool disable_cdex = !generate_compact_dex || (input_vdex_fd == output_vdex_fd);
-
-        AddArg(zip_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(zip_location_arg);
-        AddArg(input_vdex_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(output_vdex_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(oat_fd_arg);
-        AddArg(oat_location_arg);
-        AddArg(instruction_set_arg);
-
-        AddArg(instruction_set_variant_arg);
-        AddArg(instruction_set_features_arg);
-
-        AddArg(boot_image);
-
-        AddRuntimeArg(bootclasspath);
-        AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_Xms_arg);
-        AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_Xmx_arg);
-
-        AddArg(updatable_bcp_packages);
-        AddArg(resolve_startup_string_arg);
-        AddArg(image_block_size_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_threads_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_cpu_set_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_swap_fd);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_image_fd);
-
-        if (generate_debug_info) {
-            AddArg("--generate-debug-info");
-        }
-        if (debuggable) {
-            AddArg("--debuggable");
-        }
-        AddArg(image_format_arg);
-        AddArg(dex2oat_large_app_threshold_arg);
-
-        if (have_dex2oat_relocation_skip_flag) {
-            AddRuntimeArg(dex2oat_norelocation);
-        }
-        AddArg(profile_arg);
-        AddArg(base_dir);
-        AddArg(class_loader_context_arg);
-        AddArg(class_loader_context_fds_arg);
-        if (generate_minidebug_info) {
-            AddArg(kMinidebugDex2oatFlag);
-        }
-        if (disable_cdex) {
-            AddArg(kDisableCompactDexFlag);
-        }
-        AddRuntimeArg(target_sdk_version_arg);
-        if (enable_hidden_api_checks) {
-            AddRuntimeArg("-Xhidden-api-policy:enabled");
-        }
-
-        if (dex_metadata_fd > -1) {
-            AddArg(dex_metadata_fd_arg);
-        }
-
-        AddArg(compilation_reason_arg);
-
-        // Do not add args after dex2oat_flags, they should override others for debugging.
-        args_.insert(args_.end(), dex2oat_flags_args.begin(), dex2oat_flags_args.end());
-
-        PrepareArgs(dex2oat_bin);
-    }
-};
-
 /*
  * Whether dexopt should use a swap file when compiling an APK.
  *
@@ -841,6 +488,7 @@
                   /*for_boot_image*/false);
     }
 
+    using ExecVHelper::Exec;  // To suppress -Wno-overloaded-virtual
     void Exec() {
         ExecVHelper::Exec(DexoptReturnCodes::kProfmanExec);
     }
@@ -2210,10 +1858,12 @@
         (use_dex2oat64 ? kDex2oatDebug64Path : kDex2oatDebug32Path),
         background_job_compile);
 
+    auto execv_helper = std::make_unique<ExecVHelper>();
+
     LOG(VERBOSE) << "DexInv: --- BEGIN '" << dex_path << "' ---";
 
-    RunDex2Oat runner(dex2oat_bin,
-                      input_fd.get(),
+    RunDex2Oat runner(dex2oat_bin, execv_helper.get());
+    runner.Initialize(input_fd.get(),
                       out_oat_fd.get(),
                       in_vdex_fd.get(),
                       out_vdex_fd.get(),