diff --git a/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/DisplaySettings.h b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/DisplaySettings.h
index a5e0879..59ef991 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/DisplaySettings.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/DisplaySettings.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <iosfwd>
 
 #include <math/mat4.h>
+#include <renderengine/PrintMatrix.h>
 #include <ui/GraphicTypes.h>
 #include <ui/Rect.h>
 #include <ui/Region.h>
@@ -82,11 +83,38 @@
 
 static inline bool operator==(const DisplaySettings& lhs, const DisplaySettings& rhs) {
     return lhs.physicalDisplay == rhs.physicalDisplay && lhs.clip == rhs.clip &&
-            lhs.maxLuminance == rhs.maxLuminance && lhs.outputDataspace == rhs.outputDataspace &&
-            lhs.colorTransform == rhs.colorTransform && lhs.orientation == rhs.orientation;
+            lhs.maxLuminance == rhs.maxLuminance &&
+            lhs.currentLuminanceNits == rhs.currentLuminanceNits &&
+            lhs.outputDataspace == rhs.outputDataspace &&
+            lhs.colorTransform == rhs.colorTransform &&
+            lhs.deviceHandlesColorTransform == rhs.deviceHandlesColorTransform &&
+            lhs.orientation == rhs.orientation &&
+            lhs.targetLuminanceNits == rhs.targetLuminanceNits &&
+            lhs.dimmingStage == rhs.dimmingStage && lhs.renderIntent == rhs.renderIntent;
 }
 
-// Defining PrintTo helps with Google Tests.
+static const char* orientation_to_string(uint32_t orientation) {
+    switch (orientation) {
+        case ui::Transform::ROT_0:
+            return "ROT_0";
+        case ui::Transform::FLIP_H:
+            return "FLIP_H";
+        case ui::Transform::FLIP_V:
+            return "FLIP_V";
+        case ui::Transform::ROT_90:
+            return "ROT_90";
+        case ui::Transform::ROT_180:
+            return "ROT_180";
+        case ui::Transform::ROT_270:
+            return "ROT_270";
+        case ui::Transform::ROT_INVALID:
+            return "ROT_INVALID";
+        default:
+            ALOGE("invalid orientation!");
+            return "invalid orientation";
+    }
+}
+
 static inline void PrintTo(const DisplaySettings& settings, ::std::ostream* os) {
     *os << "DisplaySettings {";
     *os << "\n    .physicalDisplay = ";
@@ -94,10 +122,19 @@
     *os << "\n    .clip = ";
     PrintTo(settings.clip, os);
     *os << "\n    .maxLuminance = " << settings.maxLuminance;
+    *os << "\n    .currentLuminanceNits = " << settings.currentLuminanceNits;
     *os << "\n    .outputDataspace = ";
     PrintTo(settings.outputDataspace, os);
-    *os << "\n    .colorTransform = " << settings.colorTransform;
-    *os << "\n    .clearRegion = ";
+    *os << "\n    .colorTransform = ";
+    PrintMatrix(settings.colorTransform, os);
+    *os << "\n    .deviceHandlesColorTransform = " << settings.deviceHandlesColorTransform;
+    *os << "\n    .orientation = " << orientation_to_string(settings.orientation);
+    *os << "\n    .targetLuminanceNits = " << settings.targetLuminanceNits;
+    *os << "\n    .dimmingStage = "
+        << aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::toString(settings.dimmingStage).c_str();
+    *os << "\n    .renderIntent = "
+        << aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::toString(settings.renderIntent).c_str();
+    *os << "\n}";
 }
 
 } // namespace renderengine
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/LayerSettings.h b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/LayerSettings.h
index 171cbaa..154e526 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/LayerSettings.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/LayerSettings.h
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@
 #include <math/mat4.h>
 #include <math/vec3.h>
 #include <renderengine/ExternalTexture.h>
+#include <renderengine/PrintMatrix.h>
 #include <ui/BlurRegion.h>
+#include <ui/DebugUtils.h>
 #include <ui/Fence.h>
 #include <ui/FloatRect.h>
 #include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
@@ -208,6 +210,10 @@
             lhs.casterIsTranslucent == rhs.casterIsTranslucent;
 }
 
+static inline bool operator!=(const ShadowSettings& lhs, const ShadowSettings& rhs) {
+    return !(operator==(lhs, rhs));
+}
+
 static inline bool operator==(const LayerSettings& lhs, const LayerSettings& rhs) {
     if (lhs.blurRegions.size() != rhs.blurRegions.size()) {
         return false;
@@ -226,18 +232,19 @@
             lhs.skipContentDraw == rhs.skipContentDraw && lhs.shadow == rhs.shadow &&
             lhs.backgroundBlurRadius == rhs.backgroundBlurRadius &&
             lhs.blurRegionTransform == rhs.blurRegionTransform &&
-            lhs.stretchEffect == rhs.stretchEffect;
+            lhs.stretchEffect == rhs.stretchEffect && lhs.whitePointNits == rhs.whitePointNits;
 }
 
-// Defining PrintTo helps with Google Tests.
-
 static inline void PrintTo(const Buffer& settings, ::std::ostream* os) {
     *os << "Buffer {";
-    *os << "\n    .buffer = " << settings.buffer.get();
+    *os << "\n    .buffer = " << settings.buffer.get() << " "
+        << (settings.buffer.get() ? decodePixelFormat(settings.buffer->getPixelFormat()).c_str()
+                                  : "");
     *os << "\n    .fence = " << settings.fence.get();
     *os << "\n    .textureName = " << settings.textureName;
     *os << "\n    .useTextureFiltering = " << settings.useTextureFiltering;
-    *os << "\n    .textureTransform = " << settings.textureTransform;
+    *os << "\n    .textureTransform = ";
+    PrintMatrix(settings.textureTransform, os);
     *os << "\n    .usePremultipliedAlpha = " << settings.usePremultipliedAlpha;
     *os << "\n    .isOpaque = " << settings.isOpaque;
     *os << "\n    .isY410BT2020 = " << settings.isY410BT2020;
@@ -249,7 +256,8 @@
     *os << "Geometry {";
     *os << "\n    .boundaries = ";
     PrintTo(settings.boundaries, os);
-    *os << "\n    .positionTransform = " << settings.positionTransform;
+    *os << "\n    .positionTransform = ";
+    PrintMatrix(settings.positionTransform, os);
     *os << "\n    .roundedCornersRadius = " << settings.roundedCornersRadius;
     *os << "\n    .roundedCornersCrop = ";
     PrintTo(settings.roundedCornersCrop, os);
@@ -258,10 +266,14 @@
 
 static inline void PrintTo(const PixelSource& settings, ::std::ostream* os) {
     *os << "PixelSource {";
-    *os << "\n    .buffer = ";
-    PrintTo(settings.buffer, os);
-    *os << "\n    .solidColor = " << settings.solidColor;
-    *os << "\n}";
+    if (settings.buffer.buffer) {
+        *os << "\n    .buffer = ";
+        PrintTo(settings.buffer, os);
+        *os << "\n}";
+    } else {
+        *os << "\n    .solidColor = " << settings.solidColor;
+        *os << "\n}";
+    }
 }
 
 static inline void PrintTo(const ShadowSettings& settings, ::std::ostream* os) {
@@ -301,18 +313,28 @@
     *os << "\n    .alpha = " << settings.alpha;
     *os << "\n    .sourceDataspace = ";
     PrintTo(settings.sourceDataspace, os);
-    *os << "\n    .colorTransform = " << settings.colorTransform;
+    *os << "\n    .colorTransform = ";
+    PrintMatrix(settings.colorTransform, os);
     *os << "\n    .disableBlending = " << settings.disableBlending;
     *os << "\n    .skipContentDraw = " << settings.skipContentDraw;
-    *os << "\n    .backgroundBlurRadius = " << settings.backgroundBlurRadius;
-    for (auto blurRegion : settings.blurRegions) {
-        *os << "\n";
-        PrintTo(blurRegion, os);
+    if (settings.shadow != ShadowSettings()) {
+        *os << "\n    .shadow = ";
+        PrintTo(settings.shadow, os);
     }
-    *os << "\n    .shadow = ";
-    PrintTo(settings.shadow, os);
-    *os << "\n    .stretchEffect = ";
-    PrintTo(settings.stretchEffect, os);
+    *os << "\n    .backgroundBlurRadius = " << settings.backgroundBlurRadius;
+    if (settings.blurRegions.size()) {
+        *os << "\n    .blurRegions =";
+        for (auto blurRegion : settings.blurRegions) {
+            *os << "\n";
+            PrintTo(blurRegion, os);
+        }
+    }
+    *os << "\n    .blurRegionTransform = ";
+    PrintMatrix(settings.blurRegionTransform, os);
+    if (settings.stretchEffect != StretchEffect()) {
+        *os << "\n    .stretchEffect = ";
+        PrintTo(settings.stretchEffect, os);
+    }
     *os << "\n    .whitePointNits = " << settings.whitePointNits;
     *os << "\n}";
 }
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/PrintMatrix.h b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/PrintMatrix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11a5c21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/renderengine/include/renderengine/PrintMatrix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <math/mat4.h>
+#include <iosfwd>
+
+namespace android::renderengine {
+
+// This method simplifies printing the identity matrix, so it can be easily
+// skipped over visually.
+inline void PrintMatrix(const mat4& matrix, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    if (matrix == mat4()) {
+        *os << "I";
+    } else {
+        // Print the matrix starting on a new line. This ensures that all lines
+        // are aligned.
+        *os << "\n" << matrix;
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace android::renderengine
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
index a4cee8f..97271cb 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 namespace {
 // Debugging settings
 static const bool kPrintLayerSettings = false;
-static const bool kFlushAfterEveryLayer = false;
+static const bool kFlushAfterEveryLayer = kPrintLayerSettings;
 } // namespace
 
 bool checkGlError(const char* op, int lineNumber);
@@ -740,6 +740,23 @@
     return std::abs(expected - value) < margin;
 }
 
+namespace {
+template <typename T>
+void logSettings(const T& t) {
+    std::stringstream stream;
+    PrintTo(t, &stream);
+    auto string = stream.str();
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    // Perfetto ignores \n, so split up manually into separate ALOGD statements.
+    const size_t size = string.size();
+    while (pos < size) {
+        const size_t end = std::min(string.find("\n", pos), size);
+        ALOGD("%s", string.substr(pos, end - pos).c_str());
+        pos = end + 1;
+    }
+}
+} // namespace
+
 void SkiaGLRenderEngine::drawLayersInternal(
         const std::shared_ptr<std::promise<RenderEngineResult>>&& resultPromise,
         const DisplaySettings& display, const std::vector<LayerSettings>& layers,
@@ -849,18 +866,14 @@
     canvas->clear(SK_ColorTRANSPARENT);
     initCanvas(canvas, display);
 
+    if (kPrintLayerSettings) {
+        logSettings(display);
+    }
     for (const auto& layer : layers) {
         ATRACE_FORMAT("DrawLayer: %s", layer.name.c_str());
 
         if (kPrintLayerSettings) {
-            std::stringstream ls;
-            PrintTo(layer, &ls);
-            auto debugs = ls.str();
-            int pos = 0;
-            while (pos < debugs.size()) {
-                ALOGD("cache_debug %s", debugs.substr(pos, 1000).c_str());
-                pos += 1000;
-            }
+            logSettings(layer);
         }
 
         sk_sp<SkImage> blurInput;
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/tests/Android.bp b/libs/renderengine/tests/Android.bp
index e66fee1..bbab792 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/tests/Android.bp
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
     ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
     srcs: [
+        "DisplaySettingsTest.cpp",
+        "LayerSettingsTest.cpp",
         "RenderEngineTest.cpp",
         "RenderEngineThreadedTest.cpp",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/tests/DisplaySettingsTest.cpp b/libs/renderengine/tests/DisplaySettingsTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e93c88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/renderengine/tests/DisplaySettingsTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "DisplaySettingsTest"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <renderengine/DisplaySettings.h>
+
+namespace android::renderengine {
+
+TEST(DisplaySettingsTest, currentLuminanceNits) {
+    DisplaySettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.currentLuminanceNits = 45.f;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+
+TEST(DisplaySettingsTest, targetLuminanceNits) {
+    DisplaySettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.targetLuminanceNits = 45.f;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+
+TEST(DisplaySettingsTest, deviceHandlesColorTransform) {
+    DisplaySettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.deviceHandlesColorTransform = true;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+
+TEST(DisplaySettingsTest, dimmingStage) {
+    DisplaySettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.dimmingStage = aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::DimmingStage::GAMMA_OETF;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+
+TEST(DisplaySettingsTest, renderIntent) {
+    DisplaySettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.renderIntent = aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::RenderIntent::TONE_MAP_ENHANCE;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+} // namespace android::renderengine
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/tests/LayerSettingsTest.cpp b/libs/renderengine/tests/LayerSettingsTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4737335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/renderengine/tests/LayerSettingsTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "LayerSettingsTest"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <renderengine/LayerSettings.h>
+
+namespace android::renderengine {
+
+TEST(LayerSettingsTest, whitePointNits) {
+    LayerSettings a, b;
+    ASSERT_EQ(a, b);
+
+    a.whitePointNits = 45.f;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(a == b);
+}
+} // namespace android::renderengine