diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
index 6fb9a4d..b37a457 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
@@ -1195,6 +1195,11 @@
     bool traceStream = false;
     bool onlyUserspace = false;
 
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "** Warning: atrace will end vendor support in the next Android Release. **\n"
+            "** Perfetto is the suggested replacement tool. It will gain vendor      **\n"
+            "** support. See https://perfetto.dev/docs/quickstart/android-tracing    **\n\n");
+
     if (argc == 2 && 0 == strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
         showHelp(argv[0]);
         exit(0);
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
index a2491e5..a60972b 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
         "libhidlbase",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
+        "libvintf",
         "libbinderdebug",
         "packagemanager_aidl-cpp",
     ],
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 2b94b71..f759674 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #define LOG_TAG "dumpstate"
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_ALWAYS
 
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@
 #include <cutils/native_handle.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
+#include <cutils/trace.h>
 #include <debuggerd/client.h>
 #include <dumpsys.h>
 #include <dumputils/dump_utils.h>
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@
 #include <private/android_logger.h>
 #include <serviceutils/PriorityDumper.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
+#include <vintf/VintfObject.h>
 #include "DumpstateInternal.h"
 #include "DumpstateService.h"
 #include "dumpstate.h"
@@ -829,7 +832,8 @@
 
     // Logging statement  below is useful to time how long each entry takes, but it's too verbose.
     // MYLOGD("Adding zip entry %s\n", entry_name.c_str());
-    int32_t err = zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(valid_name.c_str(), ZipWriter::kCompress,
+    size_t flags = ZipWriter::kCompress | ZipWriter::kDefaultCompression;
+    int32_t err = zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(valid_name.c_str(), flags,
                                                   get_mtime(fd, ds.now_));
     if (err != 0) {
         MYLOGE("zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(%s): %s\n", valid_name.c_str(),
@@ -921,7 +925,8 @@
 
 bool Dumpstate::AddTextZipEntry(const std::string& entry_name, const std::string& content) {
     MYLOGD("Adding zip text entry %s\n", entry_name.c_str());
-    int32_t err = zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(entry_name.c_str(), ZipWriter::kCompress, ds.now_);
+    size_t flags = ZipWriter::kCompress | ZipWriter::kDefaultCompression;
+    int32_t err = zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(entry_name.c_str(), flags, ds.now_);
     if (err != 0) {
         MYLOGE("zip_writer_->StartEntryWithTime(%s): %s\n", entry_name.c_str(),
                ZipWriter::ErrorCodeString(err));
@@ -1394,6 +1399,23 @@
     }
 }
 
+// Dump all of the files that make up the vendor interface.
+// See the files listed in dumpFileList() for the latest list of files.
+static void DumpVintf() {
+    const auto vintfFiles = android::vintf::details::dumpFileList();
+    for (const auto vintfFile : vintfFiles) {
+        struct stat st;
+        if (stat(vintfFile.c_str(), &st) == 0) {
+            if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+                ds.AddDir(vintfFile, true /* recursive */);
+            } else {
+                ds.EnqueueAddZipEntryAndCleanupIfNeeded(ZIP_ROOT_DIR + vintfFile,
+                        vintfFile);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static void DumpExternalFragmentationInfo() {
     struct stat st;
     if (stat("/proc/buddyinfo", &st) != 0) {
@@ -1619,6 +1641,8 @@
         do_dmesg();
     }
 
+    DumpVintf();
+
     RunCommand("LIST OF OPEN FILES", {"lsof"}, CommandOptions::AS_ROOT);
 
     RUN_SLOW_FUNCTION_WITH_CONSENT_CHECK(for_each_pid, do_showmap, "SMAPS OF ALL PROCESSES");
@@ -3076,7 +3100,9 @@
     TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dup_stdout_fd, fileno(stdout)));
 
     // Zip the (now complete) .tmp file within the internal directory.
+    ATRACE_BEGIN("FinalizeFile");
     FinalizeFile();
+    ATRACE_END();
 
     // Share the final file with the caller if the user has consented or Shell is the caller.
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK;
@@ -3387,6 +3413,9 @@
         duration_fd_(duration_fd) {
     if (!title_.empty()) {
         started_ = Nanotime();
+        if (title_.find("SHOW MAP") == std::string::npos) {
+            ATRACE_ASYNC_BEGIN(title_.c_str(), 0);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -3401,6 +3430,9 @@
             dprintf(duration_fd_, "------ %.3fs was the duration of '%s' ------\n",
                     elapsed, title_.c_str());
         }
+        if (title_.find("SHOW MAP") == std::string::npos) {
+            ATRACE_ASYNC_END(title_.c_str(), 0);
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/Android.bp b/cmds/installd/Android.bp
index c9f680b..0f7c489 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/installd/Android.bp
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@
         },
     },
 
-    clang: true,
-
     tidy: true,
     tidy_checks: [
         "-*",
@@ -81,8 +79,9 @@
         "cert-*",
         "-cert-err58-cpp",
     ],
-    tidy_flags: [
-        "-warnings-as-errors=clang-analyzer-security*,cert-*",
+    tidy_checks_as_errors: [
+        "clang-analyzer-security*",
+        "cert-*",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -127,7 +126,6 @@
 cc_test_host {
     name: "run_dex2oat_test",
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: [
         "run_dex2oat_test.cpp",
         "run_dex2oat.cpp",
@@ -187,7 +185,6 @@
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
     ],
-    clang: true,
 
     srcs: [
         "otapreopt_chroot.cpp",
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
index a49f563..1d7dd5f 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
@@ -1869,8 +1869,9 @@
     binder::Status res = ok();
     if (flags & FLAG_STORAGE_DE) {
         auto path = create_data_user_de_path(uuid_, userId);
-        if (delete_dir_contents_and_dir(path, true) != 0) {
-            res = error("Failed to delete " + path);
+        // Contents only, as vold is responsible for the user_de dir itself.
+        if (delete_dir_contents(path, true) != 0) {
+            res = error("Failed to delete contents of " + path);
         }
         auto sdk_sandbox_de_path =
                 create_data_misc_sdk_sandbox_path(uuid_, /*isCeData=*/false, userId);
@@ -1890,8 +1891,9 @@
     }
     if (flags & FLAG_STORAGE_CE) {
         auto path = create_data_user_ce_path(uuid_, userId);
-        if (delete_dir_contents_and_dir(path, true) != 0) {
-            res = error("Failed to delete " + path);
+        // Contents only, as vold is responsible for the user_ce dir itself.
+        if (delete_dir_contents(path, true) != 0) {
+            res = error("Failed to delete contents of " + path);
         }
         auto sdk_sandbox_ce_path =
                 create_data_misc_sdk_sandbox_path(uuid_, /*isCeData=*/true, userId);
@@ -1899,8 +1901,9 @@
             res = error("Failed to delete " + sdk_sandbox_ce_path);
         }
         path = findDataMediaPath(uuid, userId);
-        if (delete_dir_contents_and_dir(path, true) != 0) {
-            res = error("Failed to delete " + path);
+        // Contents only, as vold is responsible for the media dir itself.
+        if (delete_dir_contents(path, true) != 0) {
+            res = error("Failed to delete contents of " + path);
         }
     }
     return res;
@@ -2876,6 +2879,9 @@
         auto obbPath = StringPrintf("%s/Android/obb",
                 create_data_media_path(uuid_, userId).c_str());
         calculate_tree_size(obbPath, &obbSize);
+        if (!(flags & FLAG_USE_QUOTA)) {
+            totalSize -= obbSize;
+        }
         ATRACE_END();
     }
 
@@ -3565,10 +3571,10 @@
         return error("Failed to stat " + mirrorVolCePath);
     }
 
-    if (mirrorCeStat.st_ino == ceStat.st_ino) {
+    if (mirrorCeStat.st_ino == ceStat.st_ino && mirrorCeStat.st_dev == ceStat.st_dev) {
         // As it's being called by prepareUserStorage, it can be called multiple times.
         // Hence, we if we mount it already, we should skip it.
-        LOG(WARNING) << "CE dir is mounted already: " + cePath;
+        LOG(INFO) << "CE dir is mounted already: " + cePath;
         return ok();
     }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/tests/Android.bp b/cmds/installd/tests/Android.bp
index b3baca5..07f73b9 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/installd/tests/Android.bp
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_utils_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_utils_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -36,7 +35,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_cache_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_cache_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -82,7 +80,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_service_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_service_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -130,7 +127,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_dexopt_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_dexopt_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -177,7 +173,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_otapreopt_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_otapreopt_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -198,7 +193,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "installd_file_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    clang: true,
     srcs: ["installd_file_test.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
diff --git a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
index 4eb30e2..3849c40 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/tests/installd_dexopt_test.cpp
@@ -920,6 +920,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(DexoptTest, DexoptDex2oat64Enabled) {
     LOG(INFO) << "DexoptDex2oat64Enabled";
+    std::string zygote_prop = android::base::GetProperty("ro.zygote", "");
+    ASSERT_GT(zygote_prop.size(), 0);
+    if (zygote_prop != "zygote32_64" && zygote_prop != "zygote64_32") {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "DexoptDex2oat64Enabled skipped for single-bitness Zygote.";
+    }
     const std::string property = "dalvik.vm.dex2oat64.enabled";
     const std::string previous_value = android::base::GetProperty(property, "");
     auto restore_property = android::base::make_scope_guard([=]() {
diff --git a/cmds/installd/utils.cpp b/cmds/installd/utils.cpp
index 45aeab6..4d9b710 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/utils.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/utils.cpp
@@ -1184,8 +1184,8 @@
 int wait_child_with_timeout(pid_t pid, int timeout_ms) {
     int pidfd = pidfd_open(pid, /*flags=*/0);
     if (pidfd < 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "pidfd_open failed for pid " << pid;
-        kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "pidfd_open failed for pid " << pid
+                    << ", waiting for child process without timeout";
         return wait_child(pid);
     }
 
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/libprocpartition/Android.bp b/cmds/lshal/libprocpartition/Android.bp
index cbfbdc9..af85666 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/libprocpartition/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/libprocpartition/Android.bp
@@ -35,5 +35,6 @@
     ],
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include",
-    ]
+    ],
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
 }
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp b/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
index 2fb9c2b..1d458b7 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/main.cpp
@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@
 
     const char* driver = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "/dev/binder";
 
+    LOG(INFO) << "Starting sm instance on " << driver;
+
     sp<ProcessState> ps = ProcessState::initWithDriver(driver);
     ps->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
     ps->setCallRestriction(ProcessState::CallRestriction::FATAL_IF_NOT_ONEWAY);
diff --git a/include/input/InputDevice.h b/include/input/InputDevice.h
index c4f03c9..3585392 100644
--- a/include/input/InputDevice.h
+++ b/include/input/InputDevice.h
@@ -300,6 +300,8 @@
 /*
  * Gets the path of an input device configuration file, if one is available.
  * Considers both system provided and user installed configuration files.
+ * The optional suffix is appended to the end of the file name (before the
+ * extension).
  *
  * The device identifier is used to construct several default configuration file
  * names to try based on the device name, vendor, product, and version.
@@ -307,8 +309,8 @@
  * Returns an empty string if not found.
  */
 extern std::string getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByDeviceIdentifier(
-        const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier,
-        InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type);
+        const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier, InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type,
+        const char* suffix = "");
 
 /*
  * Gets the path of an input device configuration file, if one is available.
diff --git a/include/input/KeyLayoutMap.h b/include/input/KeyLayoutMap.h
index b2bd535..1da78aa 100644
--- a/include/input/KeyLayoutMap.h
+++ b/include/input/KeyLayoutMap.h
@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@
 #include <android-base/result.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <utils/KeyedVector.h>
-#include <utils/RefBase.h>
 #include <utils/Tokenizer.h>
+#include <set>
 
 #include <input/InputDevice.h>
 
@@ -65,18 +64,18 @@
  */
 class KeyLayoutMap {
 public:
-    static base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> load(const std::string& filename);
-    static base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> load(Tokenizer* tokenizer);
+    static base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> load(const std::string& filename,
+                                                            const char* contents = nullptr);
     static base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> loadContents(const std::string& filename,
                                                                     const char* contents);
 
     status_t mapKey(int32_t scanCode, int32_t usageCode,
             int32_t* outKeyCode, uint32_t* outFlags) const;
-    status_t findScanCodesForKey(int32_t keyCode, std::vector<int32_t>* outScanCodes) const;
-    status_t findScanCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode, int32_t* outScanCode) const;
-    status_t findUsageCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode, int32_t* outUsageCode) const;
+    std::vector<int32_t> findScanCodesForKey(int32_t keyCode) const;
+    std::optional<int32_t> findScanCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode) const;
+    std::optional<int32_t> findUsageCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode) const;
 
-    status_t mapAxis(int32_t scanCode, AxisInfo* outAxisInfo) const;
+    std::optional<AxisInfo> mapAxis(int32_t scanCode) const;
     const std::string getLoadFileName() const;
     // Return pair of sensor type and sensor data index, for the input device abs code
     base::Result<std::pair<InputDeviceSensorType, int32_t>> mapSensor(int32_t absCode);
@@ -84,6 +83,8 @@
     virtual ~KeyLayoutMap();
 
 private:
+    static base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> load(Tokenizer* tokenizer);
+
     struct Key {
         int32_t keyCode;
         uint32_t flags;
@@ -98,12 +99,13 @@
         int32_t sensorDataIndex;
     };
 
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Key> mKeysByScanCode;
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Key> mKeysByUsageCode;
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, AxisInfo> mAxes;
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Led> mLedsByScanCode;
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Led> mLedsByUsageCode;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Key> mKeysByScanCode;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Key> mKeysByUsageCode;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, AxisInfo> mAxes;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Led> mLedsByScanCode;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Led> mLedsByUsageCode;
     std::unordered_map<int32_t, Sensor> mSensorsByAbsCode;
+    std::set<std::string> mRequiredKernelConfigs;
     std::string mLoadFileName;
 
     KeyLayoutMap();
@@ -124,6 +126,7 @@
         status_t parseAxis();
         status_t parseLed();
         status_t parseSensor();
+        status_t parseRequiredKernelConfig();
     };
 };
 
diff --git a/include/input/Keyboard.h b/include/input/Keyboard.h
index 08ad8c6..9a3e15f 100644
--- a/include/input/Keyboard.h
+++ b/include/input/Keyboard.h
@@ -61,9 +61,7 @@
     bool probeKeyMap(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier, const std::string& name);
     status_t loadKeyLayout(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier, const std::string& name);
     status_t loadKeyCharacterMap(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier,
-            const std::string& name);
-    std::string getPath(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier,
-            const std::string& name, InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type);
+                                 const std::string& name);
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/input/OWNERS b/include/input/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c88bfe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/input/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+include platform/frameworks/base:/INPUT_OWNERS
diff --git a/libs/attestation/Android.bp b/libs/attestation/Android.bp
index ea3c341..2bf15d4 100644
--- a/libs/attestation/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/attestation/Android.bp
@@ -28,11 +28,9 @@
         "-Werror",
     ],
     srcs: [
-        "HmacKeyManager.cpp"
+        "HmacKeyManager.cpp",
     ],
 
-    clang: true,
-
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
         "libcrypto",
diff --git a/libs/binder/Android.bp b/libs/binder/Android.bp
index d8d2cf2..441a4a8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/Android.bp
@@ -60,27 +60,19 @@
 //
 // Currently, these are only on system android (not vendor, not host)
 // TODO(b/183654927) - move these into separate libraries
-libbinder_device_interface_sources = [
-    "IPermissionController.cpp",
-    "PermissionCache.cpp",
-    "PermissionController.cpp",
-]
 
-cc_library {
-    name: "libbinder",
+filegroup {
+    name: "libbinder_device_interface_sources",
+    srcs: [
+        "IPermissionController.cpp",
+        "PermissionCache.cpp",
+        "PermissionController.cpp",
+    ],
+}
 
-    version_script: "libbinder.map",
-
-    // for vndbinder
-    vendor_available: true,
-    vndk: {
-        enabled: true,
-    },
-    recovery_available: true,
-    double_loadable: true,
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "libbinder_defaults",
     host_supported: true,
-    // TODO(b/153609531): remove when no longer needed.
-    native_bridge_supported: true,
 
     // TODO(b/31559095): get headers from bionic on host
     include_dirs: [
@@ -88,72 +80,32 @@
         "bionic/libc/kernel/uapi/",
     ],
 
-    // libbinder does not offer a stable wire protocol.
-    // if a second copy of it is installed, then it may break after security
-    // or dessert updates. Instead, apex users should use libbinder_ndk.
-    apex_available: [
-        "//apex_available:platform",
-    ],
-
     srcs: [
         "Binder.cpp",
         "BpBinder.cpp",
-        "BufferedTextOutput.cpp",
         "Debug.cpp",
         "FdTrigger.cpp",
         "IInterface.cpp",
-        "IMemory.cpp",
-        "IPCThreadState.cpp",
         "IResultReceiver.cpp",
-        "IServiceManager.cpp",
-        "IShellCallback.cpp",
-        "LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp",
-        "MemoryBase.cpp",
-        "MemoryDealer.cpp",
-        "MemoryHeapBase.cpp",
+        "OS.cpp",
         "Parcel.cpp",
-        "ParcelableHolder.cpp",
         "ParcelFileDescriptor.cpp",
-        "PersistableBundle.cpp",
-        "ProcessState.cpp",
         "RpcSession.cpp",
         "RpcServer.cpp",
         "RpcState.cpp",
         "RpcTransportRaw.cpp",
-        "Static.cpp",
         "Stability.cpp",
         "Status.cpp",
         "TextOutput.cpp",
         "Utils.cpp",
-        ":libbinder_aidl",
     ],
 
     target: {
-        android: {
-            srcs: libbinder_device_interface_sources,
-
-            // NOT static to keep the wire protocol unfrozen
-            static: {
-                enabled: false,
-            },
-        },
-        vendor: {
-            exclude_srcs: libbinder_device_interface_sources,
-        },
-        darwin: {
-            enabled: false,
-        },
         host: {
             srcs: [
-                "ServiceManagerHost.cpp",
                 "UtilsHost.cpp",
             ],
         },
-        recovery: {
-            exclude_header_libs: [
-                "libandroid_runtime_vm_headers",
-            ],
-        },
     },
 
     aidl: {
@@ -161,7 +113,6 @@
     },
 
     cflags: [
-        "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
         "-Wextra-semi",
         "-Werror",
@@ -199,7 +150,6 @@
         "libbinder_headers",
     ],
 
-    clang: true,
     sanitize: {
         misc_undefined: ["integer"],
     },
@@ -217,6 +167,7 @@
         "abseil-*",
         "android-*",
         "bugprone-*",
+        "-bugprone-branch-clone", // b/155034972
         "cert-*",
         "clang-analyzer-*",
         "google-*",
@@ -224,6 +175,89 @@
         "performance*",
         "portability*",
     ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "libbinder_kernel_defaults",
+    srcs: [
+        "BufferedTextOutput.cpp",
+        "IPCThreadState.cpp",
+        "IServiceManager.cpp",
+        "ProcessState.cpp",
+        "Static.cpp",
+        ":libbinder_aidl",
+        ":libbinder_device_interface_sources",
+    ],
+    target: {
+        vendor: {
+            exclude_srcs: [
+                ":libbinder_device_interface_sources",
+            ],
+        },
+        host: {
+            srcs: [
+                "ServiceManagerHost.cpp",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libbinder",
+    defaults: [
+        "libbinder_defaults",
+        "libbinder_kernel_defaults",
+    ],
+
+    version_script: "libbinder.map",
+
+    // for vndbinder
+    vendor_available: true,
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    recovery_available: true,
+    double_loadable: true,
+    // TODO(b/153609531): remove when no longer needed.
+    native_bridge_supported: true,
+
+    // libbinder does not offer a stable wire protocol.
+    // if a second copy of it is installed, then it may break after security
+    // or dessert updates. Instead, apex users should use libbinder_ndk.
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+    ],
+
+    srcs: [
+        "IMemory.cpp",
+        "IShellCallback.cpp",
+        "LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp",
+        "MemoryBase.cpp",
+        "MemoryDealer.cpp",
+        "MemoryHeapBase.cpp",
+        "ParcelableHolder.cpp",
+        "PersistableBundle.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    target: {
+        android: {
+            // NOT static to keep the wire protocol unfrozen
+            static: {
+                enabled: false,
+            },
+        },
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+        recovery: {
+            exclude_header_libs: [
+                "libandroid_runtime_vm_headers",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
 
     afdo: true,
 
@@ -232,6 +266,39 @@
     },
 }
 
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libbinder_rpc_no_kernel",
+    defaults: ["libbinder_defaults"],
+    visibility: [
+        ":__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded",
+    defaults: [
+        "libbinder_defaults",
+        "libbinder_kernel_defaults",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+    ],
+    visibility: [
+        ":__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded_no_kernel",
+    defaults: ["libbinder_defaults"],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+    ],
+    visibility: [
+        ":__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
 cc_defaults {
     name: "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
     shared_libs: [
@@ -370,6 +437,7 @@
 
 cc_library {
     name: "libbatterystats_aidl",
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "IBatteryStats.cpp",
     ],
@@ -382,6 +450,7 @@
 
 cc_library {
     name: "libprocessinfoservice_aidl",
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "IProcessInfoService.cpp",
         "ProcessInfoService.cpp",
diff --git a/libs/binder/Binder.cpp b/libs/binder/Binder.cpp
index 39befbe..532bacb 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Binder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Binder.cpp
@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "BuildFlags.h"
 #include "RpcState.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -49,10 +53,11 @@
 static_assert(sizeof(BBinder) == 20);
 #endif
 
+// global b/c b/230079120 - consistent symbol table
 #ifdef BINDER_RPC_DEV_SERVERS
-constexpr const bool kEnableRpcDevServers = true;
+bool kEnableRpcDevServers = true;
 #else
-constexpr const bool kEnableRpcDevServers = false;
+bool kEnableRpcDevServers = false;
 #endif
 
 // Log any reply transactions for which the data exceeds this size
@@ -156,10 +161,14 @@
 
 status_t IBinder::setRpcClientDebug(android::base::unique_fd socketFd,
                                     const sp<IBinder>& keepAliveBinder) {
-    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
+    if (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
         ALOGW("setRpcClientDebug disallowed because RPC is not enabled");
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
+    if (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        ALOGW("setRpcClientDebug disallowed because kernel binder is not enabled");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
 
     BBinder* local = this->localBinder();
     if (local != nullptr) {
@@ -201,6 +210,7 @@
     RpcServerLink(const sp<RpcServer>& rpcServer, const sp<IBinder>& keepAliveBinder,
                   const wp<BBinder>& binder)
           : mRpcServer(rpcServer), mKeepAliveBinder(keepAliveBinder), mBinder(binder) {}
+    virtual ~RpcServerLink();
     void binderDied(const wp<IBinder>&) override {
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcServerLink: binder died, shutting down RpcServer");
         if (mRpcServer == nullptr) {
@@ -226,16 +236,19 @@
     sp<IBinder> mKeepAliveBinder; // hold to avoid automatically unlinking
     wp<BBinder> mBinder;
 };
+BBinder::RpcServerLink::~RpcServerLink() {}
 
 class BBinder::Extras
 {
 public:
     // unlocked objects
-    bool mRequestingSid = false;
-    bool mInheritRt = false;
     sp<IBinder> mExtension;
+#ifdef __linux__
     int mPolicy = SCHED_NORMAL;
     int mPriority = 0;
+#endif
+    bool mRequestingSid = false;
+    bool mInheritRt = false;
 
     // for below objects
     Mutex mLock;
@@ -404,6 +417,7 @@
     return e->mExtension;
 }
 
+#ifdef __linux__
 void BBinder::setMinSchedulerPolicy(int policy, int priority) {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mParceled,
                         "setMinSchedulerPolicy() should not be called after a binder object "
@@ -448,6 +462,7 @@
     if (e == nullptr) return 0;
     return e->mPriority;
 }
+#endif // __linux__
 
 bool BBinder::isInheritRt() {
     Extras* e = mExtras.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
@@ -475,7 +490,12 @@
 }
 
 pid_t BBinder::getDebugPid() {
+#ifdef __linux__
     return getpid();
+#else
+    // TODO: handle other OSes
+    return 0;
+#endif // __linux__
 }
 
 void BBinder::setExtension(const sp<IBinder>& extension) {
@@ -496,10 +516,14 @@
 }
 
 status_t BBinder::setRpcClientDebug(const Parcel& data) {
-    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
+    if (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
         ALOGW("%s: disallowed because RPC is not enabled", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
+    if (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        ALOGW("setRpcClientDebug disallowed because kernel binder is not enabled");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
     uid_t uid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid();
     if (uid != AID_ROOT) {
         ALOGE("%s: not allowed because client %" PRIu32 " is not root", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, uid);
@@ -521,10 +545,14 @@
 
 status_t BBinder::setRpcClientDebug(android::base::unique_fd socketFd,
                                     const sp<IBinder>& keepAliveBinder) {
-    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
+    if (!kEnableRpcDevServers) {
         ALOGW("%s: disallowed because RPC is not enabled", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
+    if (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        ALOGW("setRpcClientDebug disallowed because kernel binder is not enabled");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
 
     const int socketFdForPrint = socketFd.get();
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("%s(fd=%d)", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, socketFdForPrint);
@@ -539,7 +567,7 @@
         return UNEXPECTED_NULL;
     }
 
-    size_t binderThreadPoolMaxCount = ProcessState::self()->getThreadPoolMaxThreadCount();
+    size_t binderThreadPoolMaxCount = ProcessState::self()->getThreadPoolMaxTotalThreadCount();
     if (binderThreadPoolMaxCount <= 1) {
         ALOGE("%s: ProcessState thread pool max count is %zu. RPC is disabled for this service "
               "because RPC requires the service to support multithreading.",
@@ -620,13 +648,14 @@
             for (int i = 0; i < argc && data.dataAvail() > 0; i++) {
                args.add(data.readString16());
             }
-            sp<IShellCallback> shellCallback = IShellCallback::asInterface(
-                    data.readStrongBinder());
+            sp<IBinder> shellCallbackBinder = data.readStrongBinder();
             sp<IResultReceiver> resultReceiver = IResultReceiver::asInterface(
                     data.readStrongBinder());
 
             // XXX can't add virtuals until binaries are updated.
-            //return shellCommand(in, out, err, args, resultReceiver);
+            // sp<IShellCallback> shellCallback = IShellCallback::asInterface(
+            //        shellCallbackBinder);
+            // return shellCommand(in, out, err, args, resultReceiver);
             (void)in;
             (void)out;
             (void)err;
diff --git a/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp b/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
index 921e57c..49fc195 100644
--- a/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#include "BuildFlags.h"
+
 //#undef ALOGV
 //#define ALOGV(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
 
@@ -115,6 +117,11 @@
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sp<BpBinder> BpBinder::create(int32_t handle) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
     int32_t trackedUid = -1;
     if (sCountByUidEnabled) {
         trackedUid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid();
@@ -177,6 +184,11 @@
 }
 
 BpBinder::BpBinder(BinderHandle&& handle, int32_t trackedUid) : BpBinder(Handle(handle)) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return;
+    }
+
     mTrackedUid = trackedUid;
 
     ALOGV("Creating BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, this->binderHandle());
@@ -279,7 +291,7 @@
     if (mAlive) {
         bool privateVendor = flags & FLAG_PRIVATE_VENDOR;
         // don't send userspace flags to the kernel
-        flags = flags & ~FLAG_PRIVATE_VENDOR;
+        flags = flags & ~static_cast<uint32_t>(FLAG_PRIVATE_VENDOR);
 
         // user transactions require a given stability level
         if (code >= FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION && code <= LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION) {
@@ -303,6 +315,11 @@
             status = rpcSession()->transact(sp<IBinder>::fromExisting(this), code, data, reply,
                                             flags);
         } else {
+            if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+                return INVALID_OPERATION;
+            }
+
             status = IPCThreadState::self()->transact(binderHandle(), code, data, reply, flags);
         }
         if (data.dataSize() > LOG_TRANSACTIONS_OVER_SIZE) {
@@ -328,6 +345,11 @@
 {
     if (isRpcBinder()) return UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
     Obituary ob;
     ob.recipient = recipient;
     ob.cookie = cookie;
@@ -366,6 +388,11 @@
 {
     if (isRpcBinder()) return UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
 
     if (mObitsSent) {
@@ -401,6 +428,11 @@
 {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(isRpcBinder(), "Cannot send obituary for remote binder.");
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return;
+    }
+
     ALOGV("Sending obituary for proxy %p handle %d, mObitsSent=%s\n", this, binderHandle(),
           mObitsSent ? "true" : "false");
 
@@ -469,12 +501,16 @@
     return this;
 }
 
-BpBinder::~BpBinder()
-{
-    ALOGV("Destroying BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
-
+BpBinder::~BpBinder() {
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(isRpcBinder())) return;
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ALOGV("Destroying BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
+
     IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
 
     if (mTrackedUid >= 0) {
@@ -505,21 +541,31 @@
     }
 }
 
-void BpBinder::onFirstRef()
-{
-    ALOGV("onFirstRef BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
+void BpBinder::onFirstRef() {
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(isRpcBinder())) return;
+
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ALOGV("onFirstRef BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
     IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
     if (ipc) ipc->incStrongHandle(binderHandle(), this);
 }
 
-void BpBinder::onLastStrongRef(const void* /*id*/)
-{
-    ALOGV("onLastStrongRef BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
+void BpBinder::onLastStrongRef(const void* /*id*/) {
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(isRpcBinder())) {
         (void)rpcSession()->sendDecStrong(this);
         return;
     }
+
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ALOGV("onLastStrongRef BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
     IF_ALOGV() {
         printRefs();
     }
@@ -552,6 +598,11 @@
     // RPC binder doesn't currently support inc from weak binders
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(isRpcBinder())) return false;
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     ALOGV("onIncStrongAttempted BpBinder %p handle %d\n", this, binderHandle());
     IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
     return ipc ? ipc->attemptIncStrongHandle(binderHandle()) == NO_ERROR : false;
diff --git a/libs/binder/BuildFlags.h b/libs/binder/BuildFlags.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e9d1c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/BuildFlags.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+namespace android {
+
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+constexpr bool kEnableRpcThreads = false;
+#else
+constexpr bool kEnableRpcThreads = true;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+constexpr bool kEnableKernelIpc = true;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+constexpr bool kEnableKernelIpc = false;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/Debug.cpp b/libs/binder/Debug.cpp
index e4ac4b4..c6e4fb3 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Debug.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Debug.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "Debug.h"
+#include "BuildFlags.h"
 
 #include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 
@@ -301,6 +302,11 @@
 }
 
 ssize_t getBinderKernelReferences(size_t count, uintptr_t* buf) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     sp<ProcessState> proc = ProcessState::selfOrNull();
     if (proc.get() == nullptr) {
         return 0;
diff --git a/libs/binder/FdTrigger.cpp b/libs/binder/FdTrigger.cpp
index 5e22593..d123fd1 100644
--- a/libs/binder/FdTrigger.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/FdTrigger.cpp
@@ -28,25 +28,45 @@
 
 std::unique_ptr<FdTrigger> FdTrigger::make() {
     auto ret = std::make_unique<FdTrigger>();
+#ifndef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
     if (!android::base::Pipe(&ret->mRead, &ret->mWrite)) {
         ALOGE("Could not create pipe %s", strerror(errno));
         return nullptr;
     }
+#endif
     return ret;
 }
 
 void FdTrigger::trigger() {
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+    mTriggered = true;
+#else
     mWrite.reset();
+#endif
 }
 
 bool FdTrigger::isTriggered() {
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+    return mTriggered;
+#else
     return mWrite == -1;
+#endif
 }
 
 status_t FdTrigger::triggerablePoll(base::borrowed_fd fd, int16_t event) {
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+    if (mTriggered) {
+        return DEAD_OBJECT;
+    }
+#endif
+
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(event == 0, "triggerablePoll %d with event 0 is not allowed", fd.get());
-    pollfd pfd[]{{.fd = fd.get(), .events = static_cast<int16_t>(event), .revents = 0},
-                 {.fd = mRead.get(), .events = 0, .revents = 0}};
+    pollfd pfd[]{
+            {.fd = fd.get(), .events = static_cast<int16_t>(event), .revents = 0},
+#ifndef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+            {.fd = mRead.get(), .events = 0, .revents = 0},
+#endif
+    };
     int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(poll(pfd, arraysize(pfd), -1));
     if (ret < 0) {
         return -errno;
@@ -55,6 +75,7 @@
 
     // At least one FD has events. Check them.
 
+#ifndef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
     // Detect explicit trigger(): DEAD_OBJECT
     if (pfd[1].revents & POLLHUP) {
         return DEAD_OBJECT;
@@ -68,6 +89,7 @@
 
     // pfd[1].revents is 0, hence pfd[0].revents must be set, and only possible values are
     // a subset of event | POLLHUP | POLLERR | POLLNVAL.
+#endif
 
     // POLLNVAL: invalid FD number, e.g. not opened.
     if (pfd[0].revents & POLLNVAL) {
diff --git a/libs/binder/FdTrigger.h b/libs/binder/FdTrigger.h
index a545d6c..5c7102e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/FdTrigger.h
+++ b/libs/binder/FdTrigger.h
@@ -55,7 +55,11 @@
     [[nodiscard]] status_t triggerablePoll(base::borrowed_fd fd, int16_t event);
 
 private:
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+    bool mTriggered = false;
+#else
     base::unique_fd mWrite;
     base::unique_fd mRead;
+#endif
 };
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
index 3c97dca..d536219 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
@@ -638,7 +638,9 @@
 void IPCThreadState::joinThreadPool(bool isMain)
 {
     LOG_THREADPOOL("**** THREAD %p (PID %d) IS JOINING THE THREAD POOL\n", (void*)pthread_self(), getpid());
-
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
+    mProcess->mCurrentThreads++;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
     mOut.writeInt32(isMain ? BC_ENTER_LOOPER : BC_REGISTER_LOOPER);
 
     mIsLooper = true;
@@ -666,6 +668,13 @@
     mOut.writeInt32(BC_EXIT_LOOPER);
     mIsLooper = false;
     talkWithDriver(false);
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mProcess->mCurrentThreads == 0,
+                        "Threadpool thread count = 0. Thread cannot exist and exit in empty "
+                        "threadpool\n"
+                        "Misconfiguration. Increase threadpool max threads configuration\n");
+    mProcess->mCurrentThreads--;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
 }
 
 status_t IPCThreadState::setupPolling(int* fd)
@@ -677,6 +686,9 @@
     mOut.writeInt32(BC_ENTER_LOOPER);
     flushCommands();
     *fd = mProcess->mDriverFD;
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
+    mProcess->mCurrentThreads++;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mProcess->mThreadCountLock);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -989,6 +1001,7 @@
         if (acquireResult) *acquireResult = err;
         if (reply) reply->setError(err);
         mLastError = err;
+        logExtendedError();
     }
 
     return err;
@@ -1443,6 +1456,23 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+void IPCThreadState::logExtendedError() {
+    struct binder_extended_error ee = {.command = BR_OK};
+
+    if (!ProcessState::isDriverFeatureEnabled(ProcessState::DriverFeature::EXTENDED_ERROR))
+        return;
+
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+    if (ioctl(self()->mProcess->mDriverFD, BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR, &ee) < 0) {
+        ALOGE("Failed to get extended error: %s", strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    ALOGE_IF(ee.command != BR_OK, "Binder transaction failure: %d/%d/%d",
+             ee.id, ee.command, ee.param);
+}
+
 void IPCThreadState::freeBuffer(Parcel* parcel, const uint8_t* data,
                                 size_t /*dataSize*/,
                                 const binder_size_t* /*objects*/,
diff --git a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
index fd2d868..fd47783 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-#if !defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__) && defined(__ANDROID__)
+#if !defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__)
 // IPermissionController is not accessible to vendors
 
 bool checkCallingPermission(const String16& permission)
diff --git a/libs/binder/MemoryHeapBase.cpp b/libs/binder/MemoryHeapBase.cpp
index 8132d46..8fe1d2b 100644
--- a/libs/binder/MemoryHeapBase.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/MemoryHeapBase.cpp
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
         fd = memfd_create_region(name ? name : "MemoryHeapBase", size);
         if (fd < 0 || (mapfd(fd, true, size) != NO_ERROR)) return;
         const int SEAL_FLAGS = ((mFlags & READ_ONLY) ? F_SEAL_FUTURE_WRITE : 0) |
-                ((mFlags & MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING) ? 0 : F_SEAL_SEAL);
+                ((mFlags & MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG) ? 0 : F_SEAL_SEAL);
         if (SEAL_FLAGS && (fcntl(fd, F_ADD_SEALS, SEAL_FLAGS) == -1)) {
             ALOGE("MemoryHeapBase: MemFD %s sealing with flags %x failed with error  %s", name,
                   SEAL_FLAGS, strerror(errno));
@@ -85,12 +85,9 @@
         }
         return;
 #else
-        mFlags &= ~(FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING);
+        mFlags &= ~(FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG);
 #endif
     }
-    if (mFlags & MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING) {
-      LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Invalid Flags. MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING only valid with FORCE_MEMFD.");
-    }
     fd = ashmem_create_region(name ? name : "MemoryHeapBase", size);
     ALOGE_IF(fd < 0, "MemoryHeapBase: error creating ashmem region: %s", strerror(errno));
     if (fd < 0 || (mapfd(fd, true, size) != NO_ERROR)) return;
@@ -103,7 +100,7 @@
     : mFD(-1), mSize(0), mBase(MAP_FAILED), mFlags(flags),
       mDevice(nullptr), mNeedUnmap(false), mOffset(0)
 {
-    if (flags & (FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING)) {
+    if (flags & (FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG)) {
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("FORCE_MEMFD, MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING only valid with creating constructor");
     }
     int open_flags = O_RDWR;
@@ -125,7 +122,7 @@
     : mFD(-1), mSize(0), mBase(MAP_FAILED), mFlags(flags),
       mDevice(nullptr), mNeedUnmap(false), mOffset(0)
 {
-    if (flags & (FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING)) {
+    if (flags & (FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG)) {
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("FORCE_MEMFD, MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING only valid with creating constructor");
     }
     const size_t pagesize = getpagesize();
diff --git a/libs/binder/OS.cpp b/libs/binder/OS.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6eb7272
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/OS.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "OS.h"
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+using android::base::ErrnoError;
+using android::base::Result;
+
+namespace android {
+
+Result<void> setNonBlocking(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
+    int flags = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd.get(), F_GETFL));
+    if (flags == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not get flags for fd";
+    }
+    if (int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd.get(), F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK)); ret == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not set non-blocking flag for fd";
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+status_t getRandomBytes(uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+    int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW));
+    if (ret == -1) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    base::unique_fd fd(ret);
+    if (!base::ReadFully(fd, data, size)) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/OS.h b/libs/binder/OS.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e802e9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/OS.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include <android-base/result.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <utils/Errors.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+android::base::Result<void> setNonBlocking(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+
+status_t getRandomBytes(uint8_t* data, size_t size);
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
index 58b0b35..537527e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
@@ -20,15 +20,14 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <binder/Binder.h>
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@
 #include <binder/Status.h>
 #include <binder/TextOutput.h>
 
+#include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
 #include <cutils/ashmem.h>
 #include <cutils/compiler.h>
 #include <utils/Flattenable.h>
@@ -51,12 +51,27 @@
 #include "RpcState.h"
 #include "Static.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+
+// A lot of code in this file uses definitions from the
+// Linux kernel header for Binder <linux/android/binder.h>
+// which is included indirectly via "binder_module.h".
+// Non-Linux OSes do not have that header, so libbinder should be
+// built for those targets without kernel binder support, i.e.,
+// without BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC. For this reason, all code in this
+// file that depends on kernel binder, including the header itself,
+// is conditional on BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC.
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+#include <linux/sched.h>
 #include "binder_module.h"
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+// Needed by {read,write}Pointer
+typedef uintptr_t binder_uintptr_t;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
 #define LOG_REFS(...)
-//#define LOG_REFS(...) ALOG(LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
+// #define LOG_REFS(...) ALOG(LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
 #define LOG_ALLOC(...)
-//#define LOG_ALLOC(...) ALOG(LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
+// #define LOG_ALLOC(...) ALOG(LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -87,7 +102,8 @@
 static std::atomic<size_t> gParcelGlobalAllocCount;
 static std::atomic<size_t> gParcelGlobalAllocSize;
 
-static size_t gMaxFds = 0;
+// Maximum number of file descriptors per Parcel.
+constexpr size_t kMaxFds = 1024;
 
 // Maximum size of a blob to transfer in-place.
 static const size_t BLOB_INPLACE_LIMIT = 16 * 1024;
@@ -98,6 +114,7 @@
     BLOB_ASHMEM_MUTABLE = 2,
 };
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 static void acquire_object(const sp<ProcessState>& proc, const flat_binder_object& obj,
                            const void* who) {
     switch (obj.hdr.type) {
@@ -150,6 +167,15 @@
 
     ALOGE("Invalid object type 0x%08x", obj.hdr.type);
 }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+
+static int toRawFd(const std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>& v) {
+    return std::visit([](const auto& fd) { return fd.get(); }, v);
+}
+
+Parcel::RpcFields::RpcFields(const sp<RpcSession>& session) : mSession(session) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mSession == nullptr);
+}
 
 status_t Parcel::finishFlattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder)
 {
@@ -173,22 +199,25 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 static constexpr inline int schedPolicyMask(int policy, int priority) {
     return (priority & FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_PRIORITY_MASK) | ((policy & 3) << FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_SCHED_POLICY_SHIFT);
 }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
 status_t Parcel::flattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder) {
     BBinder* local = nullptr;
     if (binder) local = binder->localBinder();
     if (local) local->setParceled();
 
-    if (isForRpc()) {
+    if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
         if (binder) {
             status_t status = writeInt32(1); // non-null
             if (status != OK) return status;
             uint64_t address;
             // TODO(b/167966510): need to undo this if the Parcel is not sent
-            status = mSession->state()->onBinderLeaving(mSession, binder, &address);
+            status = rpcFields->mSession->state()->onBinderLeaving(rpcFields->mSession, binder,
+                                                                   &address);
             if (status != OK) return status;
             status = writeUint64(address);
             if (status != OK) return status;
@@ -199,6 +228,7 @@
         return finishFlattenBinder(binder);
     }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     flat_binder_object obj;
 
     int schedBits = 0;
@@ -255,13 +285,15 @@
     if (status != OK) return status;
 
     return finishFlattenBinder(binder);
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::unflattenBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) const
 {
-    if (isForRpc()) {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mSession == nullptr, "RpcSession required to read from remote parcel");
-
+    if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
         int32_t isPresent;
         status_t status = readInt32(&isPresent);
         if (status != OK) return status;
@@ -271,10 +303,14 @@
         if (isPresent & 1) {
             uint64_t addr;
             if (status_t status = readUint64(&addr); status != OK) return status;
-            if (status_t status = mSession->state()->onBinderEntering(mSession, addr, &binder);
+            if (status_t status =
+                        rpcFields->mSession->state()->onBinderEntering(rpcFields->mSession, addr,
+                                                                       &binder);
                 status != OK)
                 return status;
-            if (status_t status = mSession->state()->flushExcessBinderRefs(mSession, addr, binder);
+            if (status_t status =
+                        rpcFields->mSession->state()->flushExcessBinderRefs(rpcFields->mSession,
+                                                                            addr, binder);
                 status != OK)
                 return status;
         }
@@ -282,6 +318,7 @@
         return finishUnflattenBinder(binder, out);
     }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     const flat_binder_object* flat = readObject(false);
 
     if (flat) {
@@ -299,6 +336,10 @@
         }
     }
     return BAD_TYPE;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -378,8 +419,10 @@
     }
 
     mDataPos = pos;
-    mNextObjectHint = 0;
-    mObjectsSorted = false;
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+        kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = 0;
+        kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = false;
+    }
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::setDataCapacity(size_t size)
@@ -406,25 +449,27 @@
     if (err == NO_ERROR) {
         memcpy(const_cast<uint8_t*>(data()), buffer, len);
         mDataSize = len;
-        mFdsKnown = false;
+        if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+            kernelFields->mFdsKnown = false;
+        }
     }
     return err;
 }
 
-status_t Parcel::appendFrom(const Parcel *parcel, size_t offset, size_t len)
-{
-    if (mSession != parcel->mSession) {
+status_t Parcel::appendFrom(const Parcel* parcel, size_t offset, size_t len) {
+    if (isForRpc() != parcel->isForRpc()) {
         ALOGE("Cannot append Parcel from one context to another. They may be different formats, "
               "and objects are specific to a context.");
         return BAD_TYPE;
     }
+    if (isForRpc() && maybeRpcFields()->mSession != parcel->maybeRpcFields()->mSession) {
+        ALOGE("Cannot append Parcels from different sessions");
+        return BAD_TYPE;
+    }
 
     status_t err;
-    const uint8_t *data = parcel->mData;
-    const binder_size_t *objects = parcel->mObjects;
-    size_t size = parcel->mObjectsSize;
+    const uint8_t* data = parcel->mData;
     int startPos = mDataPos;
-    int firstIndex = -1, lastIndex = -2;
 
     if (len == 0) {
         return NO_ERROR;
@@ -443,18 +488,6 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    // Count objects in range
-    for (int i = 0; i < (int) size; i++) {
-        size_t off = objects[i];
-        if ((off >= offset) && (off + sizeof(flat_binder_object) <= offset + len)) {
-            if (firstIndex == -1) {
-                firstIndex = i;
-            }
-            lastIndex = i;
-        }
-    }
-    int numObjects = lastIndex - firstIndex + 1;
-
     if ((mDataSize+len) > mDataCapacity) {
         // grow data
         err = growData(len);
@@ -470,43 +503,125 @@
 
     err = NO_ERROR;
 
-    if (numObjects > 0) {
-        const sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
-        // grow objects
-        if (mObjectsCapacity < mObjectsSize + numObjects) {
-            if ((size_t) numObjects > SIZE_MAX - mObjectsSize) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-            if (mObjectsSize + numObjects > SIZE_MAX / 3) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-            size_t newSize = ((mObjectsSize + numObjects)*3)/2;
-            if (newSize > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(binder_size_t)) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-            binder_size_t *objects =
-                (binder_size_t*)realloc(mObjects, newSize*sizeof(binder_size_t));
-            if (objects == (binder_size_t*)nullptr) {
-                return NO_MEMORY;
+    if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        auto* otherKernelFields = parcel->maybeKernelFields();
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(otherKernelFields == nullptr);
+
+        const binder_size_t* objects = otherKernelFields->mObjects;
+        size_t size = otherKernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+        // Count objects in range
+        int firstIndex = -1, lastIndex = -2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int)size; i++) {
+            size_t off = objects[i];
+            if ((off >= offset) && (off + sizeof(flat_binder_object) <= offset + len)) {
+                if (firstIndex == -1) {
+                    firstIndex = i;
+                }
+                lastIndex = i;
             }
-            mObjects = objects;
-            mObjectsCapacity = newSize;
+        }
+        int numObjects = lastIndex - firstIndex + 1;
+        if (numObjects > 0) {
+            const sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
+            // grow objects
+            if (kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity < kernelFields->mObjectsSize + numObjects) {
+                if ((size_t)numObjects > SIZE_MAX - kernelFields->mObjectsSize)
+                    return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
+                if (kernelFields->mObjectsSize + numObjects > SIZE_MAX / 3)
+                    return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
+                size_t newSize = ((kernelFields->mObjectsSize + numObjects) * 3) / 2;
+                if (newSize > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(binder_size_t)) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
+                binder_size_t* objects = (binder_size_t*)realloc(kernelFields->mObjects,
+                                                                 newSize * sizeof(binder_size_t));
+                if (objects == (binder_size_t*)nullptr) {
+                    return NO_MEMORY;
+                }
+                kernelFields->mObjects = objects;
+                kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = newSize;
+            }
+
+            // append and acquire objects
+            int idx = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+            for (int i = firstIndex; i <= lastIndex; i++) {
+                size_t off = objects[i] - offset + startPos;
+                kernelFields->mObjects[idx++] = off;
+                kernelFields->mObjectsSize++;
+
+                flat_binder_object* flat = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData + off);
+                acquire_object(proc, *flat, this);
+
+                if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
+                    // If this is a file descriptor, we need to dup it so the
+                    // new Parcel now owns its own fd, and can declare that we
+                    // officially know we have fds.
+                    flat->handle = fcntl(flat->handle, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
+                    flat->cookie = 1;
+                    kernelFields->mHasFds = kernelFields->mFdsKnown = true;
+                    if (!mAllowFds) {
+                        err = FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+#else
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    } else {
+        auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields();
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(rpcFields == nullptr);
+        auto* otherRpcFields = parcel->maybeRpcFields();
+        if (otherRpcFields == nullptr) {
+            return BAD_TYPE;
+        }
+        if (rpcFields->mSession != otherRpcFields->mSession) {
+            return BAD_TYPE;
         }
 
-        // append and acquire objects
-        int idx = mObjectsSize;
-        for (int i = firstIndex; i <= lastIndex; i++) {
-            size_t off = objects[i] - offset + startPos;
-            mObjects[idx++] = off;
-            mObjectsSize++;
+        const size_t savedDataPos = mDataPos;
+        base::ScopeGuard scopeGuard = [&]() { mDataPos = savedDataPos; };
 
-            flat_binder_object* flat
-                = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData + off);
-            acquire_object(proc, *flat, this);
+        rpcFields->mObjectPositions.reserve(otherRpcFields->mObjectPositions.size());
+        if (otherRpcFields->mFds != nullptr) {
+            if (rpcFields->mFds == nullptr) {
+                rpcFields->mFds = std::make_unique<decltype(rpcFields->mFds)::element_type>();
+            }
+            rpcFields->mFds->reserve(otherRpcFields->mFds->size());
+        }
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < otherRpcFields->mObjectPositions.size(); i++) {
+            const binder_size_t objPos = otherRpcFields->mObjectPositions[i];
+            if (offset <= objPos && objPos < offset + len) {
+                size_t newDataPos = objPos - offset + startPos;
+                rpcFields->mObjectPositions.push_back(newDataPos);
 
-            if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
-                // If this is a file descriptor, we need to dup it so the
-                // new Parcel now owns its own fd, and can declare that we
-                // officially know we have fds.
-                flat->handle = fcntl(flat->handle, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
-                flat->cookie = 1;
-                mHasFds = mFdsKnown = true;
+                mDataPos = newDataPos;
+                int32_t objectType;
+                if (status_t status = readInt32(&objectType); status != OK) {
+                    return status;
+                }
+                if (objectType != RpcFields::TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
                 if (!mAllowFds) {
-                    err = FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+                    return FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+                }
+
+                // Read FD, duplicate, and add to list.
+                int32_t fdIndex;
+                if (status_t status = readInt32(&fdIndex); status != OK) {
+                    return status;
+                }
+                const auto& oldFd = otherRpcFields->mFds->at(fdIndex);
+                // To match kernel binder behavior, we always dup, even if the
+                // FD was unowned in the source parcel.
+                rpcFields->mFds->emplace_back(
+                        base::unique_fd(fcntl(toRawFd(oldFd), F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0)));
+                // Fixup the index in the data.
+                mDataPos = newDataPos + 4;
+                if (status_t status = writeInt32(rpcFields->mFds->size() - 1); status != OK) {
+                    return status;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -563,18 +678,28 @@
 
 bool Parcel::hasFileDescriptors() const
 {
-    if (!mFdsKnown) {
+    if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        return rpcFields->mFds != nullptr && !rpcFields->mFds->empty();
+    }
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (!kernelFields->mFdsKnown) {
         scanForFds();
     }
-    return mHasFds;
+    return kernelFields->mHasFds;
 }
 
 std::vector<sp<IBinder>> Parcel::debugReadAllStrongBinders() const {
     std::vector<sp<IBinder>> ret;
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return ret;
+    }
+
     size_t initPosition = dataPosition();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mObjectsSize; i++) {
-        binder_size_t offset = mObjects[i];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
+        binder_size_t offset = kernelFields->mObjects[i];
         const flat_binder_object* flat =
                 reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + offset);
         if (flat->hdr.type != BINDER_TYPE_BINDER) continue;
@@ -586,27 +711,39 @@
     }
 
     setDataPosition(initPosition);
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+
     return ret;
 }
 
 std::vector<int> Parcel::debugReadAllFileDescriptors() const {
     std::vector<int> ret;
 
-    size_t initPosition = dataPosition();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mObjectsSize; i++) {
-        binder_size_t offset = mObjects[i];
-        const flat_binder_object* flat =
-                reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + offset);
-        if (flat->hdr.type != BINDER_TYPE_FD) continue;
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        size_t initPosition = dataPosition();
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
+            binder_size_t offset = kernelFields->mObjects[i];
+            const flat_binder_object* flat =
+                    reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + offset);
+            if (flat->hdr.type != BINDER_TYPE_FD) continue;
 
-        setDataPosition(offset);
+            setDataPosition(offset);
 
-        int fd = readFileDescriptor();
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(fd == -1);
-        ret.push_back(fd);
+            int fd = readFileDescriptor();
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(fd == -1);
+            ret.push_back(fd);
+        }
+        setDataPosition(initPosition);
+#else
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+#endif
+    } else if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields(); rpcFields && rpcFields->mFds) {
+        for (const auto& fd : *rpcFields->mFds) {
+            ret.push_back(toRawFd(fd));
+        }
     }
 
-    setDataPosition(initPosition);
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -621,17 +758,38 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     *result = false;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mObjectsSize; i++) {
-        size_t pos = mObjects[i];
-        if (pos < offset) continue;
-        if (pos + sizeof(flat_binder_object) > offset + len) {
-          if (mObjectsSorted) break;
-          else continue;
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
+            size_t pos = kernelFields->mObjects[i];
+            if (pos < offset) continue;
+            if (pos + sizeof(flat_binder_object) > offset + len) {
+                if (kernelFields->mObjectsSorted) {
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            const flat_binder_object* flat =
+                    reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + pos);
+            if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
+                *result = true;
+                break;
+            }
         }
-        const flat_binder_object* flat = reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + pos);
-        if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
-            *result = true;
-            break;
+#else
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    } else if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        for (uint32_t pos : rpcFields->mObjectPositions) {
+            if (offset <= pos && pos < limit) {
+                const auto* type = reinterpret_cast<const RpcFields::ObjectType*>(mData + pos);
+                if (*type == RpcFields::TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR) {
+                    *result = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
     return NO_ERROR;
@@ -654,23 +812,28 @@
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mData != nullptr && mOwner == nullptr,
                         "format must be set before data is written OR on IPC data");
 
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(session == nullptr, "markForRpc requires session");
-    mSession = session;
+    mVariantFields.emplace<RpcFields>(session);
 }
 
 bool Parcel::isForRpc() const {
-    return mSession != nullptr;
+    return std::holds_alternative<RpcFields>(mVariantFields);
 }
 
 void Parcel::updateWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition() const {
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     // Only update the request headers once. We only want to point
     // to the first headers read/written.
-    if (!mRequestHeaderPresent) {
-        mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition = dataPosition();
-        mRequestHeaderPresent = true;
+    if (!kernelFields->mRequestHeaderPresent) {
+        kernelFields->mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition = dataPosition();
+        kernelFields->mRequestHeaderPresent = true;
     }
 }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 #if defined(__ANDROID_VNDK__)
 constexpr int32_t kHeader = B_PACK_CHARS('V', 'N', 'D', 'R');
 #elif defined(__ANDROID_RECOVERY__)
@@ -678,6 +841,7 @@
 #else
 constexpr int32_t kHeader = B_PACK_CHARS('S', 'Y', 'S', 'T');
 #endif
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
 // Write RPC headers.  (previously just the interface token)
 status_t Parcel::writeInterfaceToken(const String16& interface)
@@ -686,13 +850,18 @@
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::writeInterfaceToken(const char16_t* str, size_t len) {
-    if (CC_LIKELY(!isForRpc())) {
+    if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
         const IPCThreadState* threadState = IPCThreadState::self();
         writeInt32(threadState->getStrictModePolicy() | STRICT_MODE_PENALTY_GATHER);
         updateWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition();
         writeInt32(threadState->shouldPropagateWorkSource() ? threadState->getCallingWorkSourceUid()
                                                             : IPCThreadState::kUnsetWorkSource);
         writeInt32(kHeader);
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     }
 
     // currently the interface identification token is just its name as a string
@@ -701,12 +870,16 @@
 
 bool Parcel::replaceCallingWorkSourceUid(uid_t uid)
 {
-    if (!mRequestHeaderPresent) {
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!kernelFields->mRequestHeaderPresent) {
         return false;
     }
 
     const size_t initialPosition = dataPosition();
-    setDataPosition(mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition);
+    setDataPosition(kernelFields->mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition);
     status_t err = writeInt32(uid);
     setDataPosition(initialPosition);
     return err == NO_ERROR;
@@ -714,12 +887,16 @@
 
 uid_t Parcel::readCallingWorkSourceUid() const
 {
-    if (!mRequestHeaderPresent) {
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!kernelFields->mRequestHeaderPresent) {
         return IPCThreadState::kUnsetWorkSource;
     }
 
     const size_t initialPosition = dataPosition();
-    setDataPosition(mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition);
+    setDataPosition(kernelFields->mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition);
     uid_t uid = readInt32();
     setDataPosition(initialPosition);
     return uid;
@@ -740,7 +917,8 @@
                               size_t len,
                               IPCThreadState* threadState) const
 {
-    if (CC_LIKELY(!isForRpc())) {
+    if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
         // StrictModePolicy.
         int32_t strictPolicy = readInt32();
         if (threadState == nullptr) {
@@ -766,6 +944,11 @@
                   header);
             return false;
         }
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+        (void)threadState;
+        return false;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     }
 
     // Interface descriptor.
@@ -795,7 +978,10 @@
 
 size_t Parcel::objectsCount() const
 {
-    return mObjectsSize;
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+        return kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::errorCheck() const
@@ -1237,13 +1423,43 @@
     return err;
 }
 
-status_t Parcel::writeFileDescriptor(int fd, bool takeOwnership)
-{
-    if (isForRpc()) {
-        ALOGE("Cannot write file descriptor to remote binder.");
-        return BAD_TYPE;
+status_t Parcel::writeFileDescriptor(int fd, bool takeOwnership) {
+    if (auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd> fdVariant;
+        if (takeOwnership) {
+            fdVariant = base::unique_fd(fd);
+        } else {
+            fdVariant = base::borrowed_fd(fd);
+        }
+        if (!mAllowFds) {
+            return FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+        }
+        switch (rpcFields->mSession->getFileDescriptorTransportMode()) {
+            case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE: {
+                return FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+            }
+            case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX: {
+                if (rpcFields->mFds == nullptr) {
+                    rpcFields->mFds = std::make_unique<decltype(rpcFields->mFds)::element_type>();
+                }
+                size_t dataPos = mDataPos;
+                if (dataPos > UINT32_MAX) {
+                    return NO_MEMORY;
+                }
+                if (status_t err = writeInt32(RpcFields::TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR); err != OK) {
+                    return err;
+                }
+                if (status_t err = writeInt32(rpcFields->mFds->size()); err != OK) {
+                    return err;
+                }
+                rpcFields->mObjectPositions.push_back(dataPos);
+                rpcFields->mFds->push_back(std::move(fdVariant));
+                return OK;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     flat_binder_object obj;
     obj.hdr.type = BINDER_TYPE_FD;
     obj.flags = 0x7f | FLAT_BINDER_FLAG_ACCEPTS_FDS;
@@ -1251,6 +1467,12 @@
     obj.handle = fd;
     obj.cookie = takeOwnership ? 1 : 0;
     return writeObject(obj, true);
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+    (void)fd;
+    (void)takeOwnership;
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::writeDupFileDescriptor(int fd)
@@ -1361,7 +1583,7 @@
     const size_t len = val.getFlattenedSize();
     const size_t fd_count = val.getFdCount();
 
-    if ((len > INT32_MAX) || (fd_count >= gMaxFds)) {
+    if ((len > INT32_MAX) || (fd_count > kMaxFds)) {
         // don't accept size_t values which may have come from an
         // inadvertent conversion from a negative int.
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -1401,8 +1623,12 @@
 
 status_t Parcel::writeObject(const flat_binder_object& val, bool nullMetaData)
 {
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(kernelFields == nullptr, "Can't write flat_binder_object to RPC Parcel");
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     const bool enoughData = (mDataPos+sizeof(val)) <= mDataCapacity;
-    const bool enoughObjects = mObjectsSize < mObjectsCapacity;
+    const bool enoughObjects = kernelFields->mObjectsSize < kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity;
     if (enoughData && enoughObjects) {
 restart_write:
         *reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData+mDataPos) = val;
@@ -1413,14 +1639,14 @@
                 // fail before modifying our object index
                 return FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
             }
-            mHasFds = mFdsKnown = true;
+            kernelFields->mHasFds = kernelFields->mFdsKnown = true;
         }
 
         // Need to write meta-data?
         if (nullMetaData || val.binder != 0) {
-            mObjects[mObjectsSize] = mDataPos;
+            kernelFields->mObjects[kernelFields->mObjectsSize] = mDataPos;
             acquire_object(ProcessState::self(), val, this);
-            mObjectsSize++;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize++;
         }
 
         return finishWrite(sizeof(flat_binder_object));
@@ -1431,17 +1657,24 @@
         if (err != NO_ERROR) return err;
     }
     if (!enoughObjects) {
-        if (mObjectsSize > SIZE_MAX - 2) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-        if ((mObjectsSize + 2) > SIZE_MAX / 3) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-        size_t newSize = ((mObjectsSize+2)*3)/2;
+        if (kernelFields->mObjectsSize > SIZE_MAX - 2) return NO_MEMORY;       // overflow
+        if ((kernelFields->mObjectsSize + 2) > SIZE_MAX / 3) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
+        size_t newSize = ((kernelFields->mObjectsSize + 2) * 3) / 2;
         if (newSize > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(binder_size_t)) return NO_MEMORY; // overflow
-        binder_size_t* objects = (binder_size_t*)realloc(mObjects, newSize*sizeof(binder_size_t));
+        binder_size_t* objects =
+                (binder_size_t*)realloc(kernelFields->mObjects, newSize * sizeof(binder_size_t));
         if (objects == nullptr) return NO_MEMORY;
-        mObjects = objects;
-        mObjectsCapacity = newSize;
+        kernelFields->mObjects = objects;
+        kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = newSize;
     }
 
     goto restart_write;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+    (void)val;
+    (void)nullMetaData;
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::writeNoException()
@@ -1452,55 +1685,70 @@
 
 status_t Parcel::validateReadData(size_t upperBound) const
 {
+    const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        // Can't validate RPC Parcel reads because the location of binder
+        // objects is unknown.
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     // Don't allow non-object reads on object data
-    if (mObjectsSorted || mObjectsSize <= 1) {
-data_sorted:
+    if (kernelFields->mObjectsSorted || kernelFields->mObjectsSize <= 1) {
+    data_sorted:
         // Expect to check only against the next object
-        if (mNextObjectHint < mObjectsSize && upperBound > mObjects[mNextObjectHint]) {
+        if (kernelFields->mNextObjectHint < kernelFields->mObjectsSize &&
+            upperBound > kernelFields->mObjects[kernelFields->mNextObjectHint]) {
             // For some reason the current read position is greater than the next object
             // hint. Iterate until we find the right object
-            size_t nextObject = mNextObjectHint;
+            size_t nextObject = kernelFields->mNextObjectHint;
             do {
-                if (mDataPos < mObjects[nextObject] + sizeof(flat_binder_object)) {
+                if (mDataPos < kernelFields->mObjects[nextObject] + sizeof(flat_binder_object)) {
                     // Requested info overlaps with an object
                     ALOGE("Attempt to read from protected data in Parcel %p", this);
                     return PERMISSION_DENIED;
                 }
                 nextObject++;
-            } while (nextObject < mObjectsSize && upperBound > mObjects[nextObject]);
-            mNextObjectHint = nextObject;
+            } while (nextObject < kernelFields->mObjectsSize &&
+                     upperBound > kernelFields->mObjects[nextObject]);
+            kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = nextObject;
         }
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
     // Quickly determine if mObjects is sorted.
-    binder_size_t* currObj = mObjects + mObjectsSize - 1;
+    binder_size_t* currObj = kernelFields->mObjects + kernelFields->mObjectsSize - 1;
     binder_size_t* prevObj = currObj;
-    while (currObj > mObjects) {
+    while (currObj > kernelFields->mObjects) {
         prevObj--;
         if(*prevObj > *currObj) {
             goto data_unsorted;
         }
         currObj--;
     }
-    mObjectsSorted = true;
+    kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = true;
     goto data_sorted;
 
 data_unsorted:
     // Insertion Sort mObjects
     // Great for mostly sorted lists. If randomly sorted or reverse ordered mObjects become common,
     // switch to std::sort(mObjects, mObjects + mObjectsSize);
-    for (binder_size_t* iter0 = mObjects + 1; iter0 < mObjects + mObjectsSize; iter0++) {
+    for (binder_size_t* iter0 = kernelFields->mObjects + 1;
+         iter0 < kernelFields->mObjects + kernelFields->mObjectsSize; iter0++) {
         binder_size_t temp = *iter0;
         binder_size_t* iter1 = iter0 - 1;
-        while (iter1 >= mObjects && *iter1 > temp) {
+        while (iter1 >= kernelFields->mObjects && *iter1 > temp) {
             *(iter1 + 1) = *iter1;
             iter1--;
         }
         *(iter1 + 1) = temp;
     }
-    mNextObjectHint = 0;
-    mObjectsSorted = true;
+    kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = 0;
+    kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = true;
     goto data_sorted;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    (void)upperBound;
+    return NO_ERROR;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::read(void* outData, size_t len) const
@@ -1513,7 +1761,8 @@
 
     if ((mDataPos+pad_size(len)) >= mDataPos && (mDataPos+pad_size(len)) <= mDataSize
             && len <= pad_size(len)) {
-        if (mObjectsSize > 0) {
+        const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+        if (kernelFields != nullptr && kernelFields->mObjectsSize > 0) {
             status_t err = validateReadData(mDataPos + pad_size(len));
             if(err != NO_ERROR) {
                 // Still increment the data position by the expected length
@@ -1540,7 +1789,8 @@
 
     if ((mDataPos+pad_size(len)) >= mDataPos && (mDataPos+pad_size(len)) <= mDataSize
             && len <= pad_size(len)) {
-        if (mObjectsSize > 0) {
+        const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+        if (kernelFields != nullptr && kernelFields->mObjectsSize > 0) {
             status_t err = validateReadData(mDataPos + pad_size(len));
             if(err != NO_ERROR) {
                 // Still increment the data position by the expected length
@@ -1587,7 +1837,8 @@
     static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>);
 
     if ((mDataPos+sizeof(T)) <= mDataSize) {
-        if (mObjectsSize > 0) {
+        const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+        if (kernelFields != nullptr && kernelFields->mObjectsSize > 0) {
             status_t err = validateReadData(mDataPos + sizeof(T));
             if(err != NO_ERROR) {
                 // Still increment the data position by the expected length
@@ -1965,8 +2216,32 @@
     return h;
 }
 
-int Parcel::readFileDescriptor() const
-{
+int Parcel::readFileDescriptor() const {
+    if (const auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        if (!std::binary_search(rpcFields->mObjectPositions.begin(),
+                                rpcFields->mObjectPositions.end(), mDataPos)) {
+            ALOGW("Attempt to read file descriptor from Parcel %p at offset %zu that is not in the "
+                  "object list",
+                  this, mDataPos);
+            return BAD_TYPE;
+        }
+
+        int32_t objectType = readInt32();
+        if (objectType != RpcFields::TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR) {
+            return BAD_TYPE;
+        }
+
+        int32_t fdIndex = readInt32();
+        if (rpcFields->mFds == nullptr || fdIndex < 0 ||
+            static_cast<size_t>(fdIndex) >= rpcFields->mFds->size()) {
+            ALOGE("RPC Parcel contains invalid file descriptor index. index=%d fd_count=%zu",
+                  fdIndex, rpcFields->mFds ? rpcFields->mFds->size() : 0);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        return toRawFd(rpcFields->mFds->at(fdIndex));
+    }
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     const flat_binder_object* flat = readObject(true);
 
     if (flat && flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
@@ -1974,10 +2249,13 @@
     }
 
     return BAD_TYPE;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
-int Parcel::readParcelFileDescriptor() const
-{
+int Parcel::readParcelFileDescriptor() const {
     int32_t hasComm = readInt32();
     int fd = readFileDescriptor();
     if (hasComm != 0) {
@@ -2086,7 +2364,7 @@
     const size_t len = this->readInt32();
     const size_t fd_count = this->readInt32();
 
-    if ((len > INT32_MAX) || (fd_count >= gMaxFds)) {
+    if ((len > INT32_MAX) || (fd_count > kMaxFds)) {
         // don't accept size_t values which may have come from an
         // inadvertent conversion from a negative int.
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -2130,8 +2408,15 @@
 
     return err;
 }
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 const flat_binder_object* Parcel::readObject(bool nullMetaData) const
 {
+    const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
     const size_t DPOS = mDataPos;
     if ((DPOS+sizeof(flat_binder_object)) <= mDataSize) {
         const flat_binder_object* obj
@@ -2146,9 +2431,9 @@
         }
 
         // Ensure that this object is valid...
-        binder_size_t* const OBJS = mObjects;
-        const size_t N = mObjectsSize;
-        size_t opos = mNextObjectHint;
+        binder_size_t* const OBJS = kernelFields->mObjects;
+        const size_t N = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+        size_t opos = kernelFields->mNextObjectHint;
 
         if (N > 0) {
             ALOGV("Parcel %p looking for obj at %zu, hint=%zu",
@@ -2167,7 +2452,7 @@
                 // Found it!
                 ALOGV("Parcel %p found obj %zu at index %zu with forward search",
                      this, DPOS, opos);
-                mNextObjectHint = opos+1;
+                kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = opos + 1;
                 ALOGV("readObject Setting data pos of %p to %zu", this, mDataPos);
                 return obj;
             }
@@ -2180,7 +2465,7 @@
                 // Found it!
                 ALOGV("Parcel %p found obj %zu at index %zu with backward search",
                      this, DPOS, opos);
-                mNextObjectHint = opos+1;
+                kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = opos + 1;
                 ALOGV("readObject Setting data pos of %p to %zu", this, mDataPos);
                 return obj;
             }
@@ -2190,21 +2475,29 @@
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
-void Parcel::closeFileDescriptors()
-{
-    size_t i = mObjectsSize;
-    if (i > 0) {
-        //ALOGI("Closing file descriptors for %zu objects...", i);
-    }
-    while (i > 0) {
-        i--;
-        const flat_binder_object* flat
-            = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData+mObjects[i]);
-        if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
-            //ALOGI("Closing fd: %ld", flat->handle);
-            close(flat->handle);
+void Parcel::closeFileDescriptors() {
+    if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        size_t i = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+        if (i > 0) {
+            // ALOGI("Closing file descriptors for %zu objects...", i);
         }
+        while (i > 0) {
+            i--;
+            const flat_binder_object* flat =
+                    reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData + kernelFields->mObjects[i]);
+            if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
+                // ALOGI("Closing fd: %ld", flat->handle);
+                close(flat->handle);
+            }
+        }
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Binder kernel driver disabled at build time");
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    } else if (auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        rpcFields->mFds.reset();
     }
 }
 
@@ -2220,35 +2513,44 @@
 
 uintptr_t Parcel::ipcObjects() const
 {
-    return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(mObjects);
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(kernelFields->mObjects);
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 size_t Parcel::ipcObjectsCount() const
 {
-    return mObjectsSize;
+    if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+        return kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
-void Parcel::ipcSetDataReference(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
-    const binder_size_t* objects, size_t objectsCount, release_func relFunc)
-{
+void Parcel::ipcSetDataReference(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize, const binder_size_t* objects,
+                                 size_t objectsCount, release_func relFunc) {
     // this code uses 'mOwner == nullptr' to understand whether it owns memory
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(relFunc == nullptr, "must provide cleanup function");
 
     freeData();
 
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(kernelFields == nullptr); // guaranteed by freeData.
+
     mData = const_cast<uint8_t*>(data);
     mDataSize = mDataCapacity = dataSize;
-    mObjects = const_cast<binder_size_t*>(objects);
-    mObjectsSize = mObjectsCapacity = objectsCount;
+    kernelFields->mObjects = const_cast<binder_size_t*>(objects);
+    kernelFields->mObjectsSize = kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = objectsCount;
     mOwner = relFunc;
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     binder_size_t minOffset = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mObjectsSize; i++) {
-        binder_size_t offset = mObjects[i];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
+        binder_size_t offset = kernelFields->mObjects[i];
         if (offset < minOffset) {
             ALOGE("%s: bad object offset %" PRIu64 " < %" PRIu64 "\n",
                   __func__, (uint64_t)offset, (uint64_t)minOffset);
-            mObjectsSize = 0;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = 0;
             break;
         }
         const flat_binder_object* flat
@@ -2266,12 +2568,54 @@
 
             // WARNING: callers of ipcSetDataReference need to make sure they
             // don't rely on mObjectsSize in their release_func.
-            mObjectsSize = 0;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = 0;
             break;
         }
         minOffset = offset + sizeof(flat_binder_object);
     }
     scanForFds();
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(objectsCount != 0,
+                        "Non-zero objects count passed to Parcel with kernel driver disabled");
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+}
+
+status_t Parcel::rpcSetDataReference(
+        const sp<RpcSession>& session, const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
+        const uint32_t* objectTable, size_t objectTableSize,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds,
+        release_func relFunc) {
+    // this code uses 'mOwner == nullptr' to understand whether it owns memory
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(relFunc == nullptr, "must provide cleanup function");
+
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(session == nullptr);
+
+    freeData();
+    markForRpc(session);
+
+    auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(rpcFields == nullptr); // guaranteed by markForRpc.
+
+    mData = const_cast<uint8_t*>(data);
+    mDataSize = mDataCapacity = dataSize;
+    mOwner = relFunc;
+
+    if (objectTableSize != ancillaryFds.size()) {
+        ALOGE("objectTableSize=%zu ancillaryFds.size=%zu", objectTableSize, ancillaryFds.size());
+        freeData(); // don't leak mData
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    rpcFields->mObjectPositions.reserve(objectTableSize);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < objectTableSize; i++) {
+        rpcFields->mObjectPositions.push_back(objectTable[i]);
+    }
+    if (!ancillaryFds.empty()) {
+        rpcFields->mFds = std::make_unique<decltype(rpcFields->mFds)::element_type>();
+        *rpcFields->mFds = std::move(ancillaryFds);
+    }
+
+    return OK;
 }
 
 void Parcel::print(TextOutput& to, uint32_t /*flags*/) const
@@ -2284,15 +2628,19 @@
     } else if (dataSize() > 0) {
         const uint8_t* DATA = data();
         to << indent << HexDump(DATA, dataSize()) << dedent;
-        const binder_size_t* OBJS = mObjects;
-        const size_t N = objectsCount();
-        for (size_t i=0; i<N; i++) {
-            const flat_binder_object* flat
-                = reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(DATA+OBJS[i]);
-            to << endl << "Object #" << i << " @ " << (void*)OBJS[i] << ": "
-                << TypeCode(flat->hdr.type & 0x7f7f7f00)
-                << " = " << flat->binder;
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        if (const auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+            const binder_size_t* OBJS = kernelFields->mObjects;
+            const size_t N = objectsCount();
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+                const flat_binder_object* flat =
+                        reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(DATA + OBJS[i]);
+                to << endl
+                   << "Object #" << i << " @ " << (void*)OBJS[i] << ": "
+                   << TypeCode(flat->hdr.type & 0x7f7f7f00) << " = " << flat->binder;
+            }
         }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     } else {
         to << "NULL";
     }
@@ -2302,36 +2650,48 @@
 
 void Parcel::releaseObjects()
 {
-    size_t i = mObjectsSize;
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    size_t i = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
     if (i == 0) {
         return;
     }
     sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
     uint8_t* const data = mData;
-    binder_size_t* const objects = mObjects;
+    binder_size_t* const objects = kernelFields->mObjects;
     while (i > 0) {
         i--;
-        const flat_binder_object* flat
-            = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(data+objects[i]);
+        const flat_binder_object* flat = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(data + objects[i]);
         release_object(proc, *flat, this);
     }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 void Parcel::acquireObjects()
 {
-    size_t i = mObjectsSize;
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+    size_t i = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
     if (i == 0) {
         return;
     }
     const sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
     uint8_t* const data = mData;
-    binder_size_t* const objects = mObjects;
+    binder_size_t* const objects = kernelFields->mObjects;
     while (i > 0) {
         i--;
-        const flat_binder_object* flat
-            = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(data+objects[i]);
+        const flat_binder_object* flat = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(data + objects[i]);
         acquire_object(proc, *flat, this);
     }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 }
 
 void Parcel::freeData()
@@ -2345,7 +2705,9 @@
     if (mOwner) {
         LOG_ALLOC("Parcel %p: freeing other owner data", this);
         //ALOGI("Freeing data ref of %p (pid=%d)", this, getpid());
-        mOwner(this, mData, mDataSize, mObjects, mObjectsSize);
+        auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+        mOwner(this, mData, mDataSize, kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjects : nullptr,
+               kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjectsSize : 0);
     } else {
         LOG_ALLOC("Parcel %p: freeing allocated data", this);
         releaseObjects();
@@ -2358,7 +2720,8 @@
             }
             free(mData);
         }
-        if (mObjects) free(mObjects);
+        auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+        if (kernelFields && kernelFields->mObjects) free(kernelFields->mObjects);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2433,13 +2796,18 @@
     ALOGV("restartWrite Setting data size of %p to %zu", this, mDataSize);
     ALOGV("restartWrite Setting data pos of %p to %zu", this, mDataPos);
 
-    free(mObjects);
-    mObjects = nullptr;
-    mObjectsSize = mObjectsCapacity = 0;
-    mNextObjectHint = 0;
-    mObjectsSorted = false;
-    mHasFds = false;
-    mFdsKnown = true;
+    if (auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields()) {
+        free(kernelFields->mObjects);
+        kernelFields->mObjects = nullptr;
+        kernelFields->mObjectsSize = kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = 0;
+        kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = 0;
+        kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = false;
+        kernelFields->mHasFds = false;
+        kernelFields->mFdsKnown = true;
+    } else if (auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields()) {
+        rpcFields->mObjectPositions.clear();
+        rpcFields->mFds.reset();
+    }
     mAllowFds = true;
 
     return NO_ERROR;
@@ -2453,17 +2821,27 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields();
+
     // If shrinking, first adjust for any objects that appear
     // after the new data size.
-    size_t objectsSize = mObjectsSize;
+    size_t objectsSize =
+            kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjectsSize : rpcFields->mObjectPositions.size();
     if (desired < mDataSize) {
         if (desired == 0) {
             objectsSize = 0;
         } else {
-            while (objectsSize > 0) {
-                if (mObjects[objectsSize-1] < desired)
-                    break;
-                objectsSize--;
+            if (kernelFields) {
+                while (objectsSize > 0) {
+                    if (kernelFields->mObjects[objectsSize - 1] < desired) break;
+                    objectsSize--;
+                }
+            } else {
+                while (objectsSize > 0) {
+                    if (rpcFields->mObjectPositions[objectsSize - 1] < desired) break;
+                    objectsSize--;
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -2484,7 +2862,7 @@
         }
         binder_size_t* objects = nullptr;
 
-        if (objectsSize) {
+        if (kernelFields && objectsSize) {
             objects = (binder_size_t*)calloc(objectsSize, sizeof(binder_size_t));
             if (!objects) {
                 free(data);
@@ -2495,20 +2873,27 @@
 
             // Little hack to only acquire references on objects
             // we will be keeping.
-            size_t oldObjectsSize = mObjectsSize;
-            mObjectsSize = objectsSize;
+            size_t oldObjectsSize = kernelFields->mObjectsSize;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = objectsSize;
             acquireObjects();
-            mObjectsSize = oldObjectsSize;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = oldObjectsSize;
+        }
+        if (rpcFields) {
+            if (status_t status = truncateRpcObjects(objectsSize); status != OK) {
+                free(data);
+                return status;
+            }
         }
 
         if (mData) {
             memcpy(data, mData, mDataSize < desired ? mDataSize : desired);
         }
-        if (objects && mObjects) {
-            memcpy(objects, mObjects, objectsSize*sizeof(binder_size_t));
+        if (objects && kernelFields && kernelFields->mObjects) {
+            memcpy(objects, kernelFields->mObjects, objectsSize * sizeof(binder_size_t));
         }
         //ALOGI("Freeing data ref of %p (pid=%d)", this, getpid());
-        mOwner(this, mData, mDataSize, mObjects, mObjectsSize);
+        mOwner(this, mData, mDataSize, kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjects : nullptr,
+               kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjectsSize : 0);
         mOwner = nullptr;
 
         LOG_ALLOC("Parcel %p: taking ownership of %zu capacity", this, desired);
@@ -2516,43 +2901,55 @@
         gParcelGlobalAllocCount++;
 
         mData = data;
-        mObjects = objects;
         mDataSize = (mDataSize < desired) ? mDataSize : desired;
         ALOGV("continueWrite Setting data size of %p to %zu", this, mDataSize);
         mDataCapacity = desired;
-        mObjectsSize = mObjectsCapacity = objectsSize;
-        mNextObjectHint = 0;
-        mObjectsSorted = false;
+        if (kernelFields) {
+            kernelFields->mObjects = objects;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = objectsSize;
+            kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = 0;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = false;
+        }
 
     } else if (mData) {
-        if (objectsSize < mObjectsSize) {
+        if (kernelFields && objectsSize < kernelFields->mObjectsSize) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
             // Need to release refs on any objects we are dropping.
             const sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
-            for (size_t i=objectsSize; i<mObjectsSize; i++) {
-                const flat_binder_object* flat
-                    = reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData+mObjects[i]);
+            for (size_t i = objectsSize; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
+                const flat_binder_object* flat =
+                        reinterpret_cast<flat_binder_object*>(mData + kernelFields->mObjects[i]);
                 if (flat->hdr.type == BINDER_TYPE_FD) {
                     // will need to rescan because we may have lopped off the only FDs
-                    mFdsKnown = false;
+                    kernelFields->mFdsKnown = false;
                 }
                 release_object(proc, *flat, this);
             }
 
             if (objectsSize == 0) {
-                free(mObjects);
-                mObjects = nullptr;
-                mObjectsCapacity = 0;
+                free(kernelFields->mObjects);
+                kernelFields->mObjects = nullptr;
+                kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = 0;
             } else {
                 binder_size_t* objects =
-                    (binder_size_t*)realloc(mObjects, objectsSize*sizeof(binder_size_t));
+                        (binder_size_t*)realloc(kernelFields->mObjects,
+                                                objectsSize * sizeof(binder_size_t));
                 if (objects) {
-                    mObjects = objects;
-                    mObjectsCapacity = objectsSize;
+                    kernelFields->mObjects = objects;
+                    kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity = objectsSize;
                 }
             }
-            mObjectsSize = objectsSize;
-            mNextObjectHint = 0;
-            mObjectsSorted = false;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSize = objectsSize;
+            kernelFields->mNextObjectHint = 0;
+            kernelFields->mObjectsSorted = false;
+#else  // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Non-zero numObjects for RPC Parcel");
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
+        }
+        if (rpcFields) {
+            if (status_t status = truncateRpcObjects(objectsSize); status != OK) {
+                return status;
+            }
         }
 
         // We own the data, so we can just do a realloc().
@@ -2588,9 +2985,12 @@
             return NO_MEMORY;
         }
 
-        if(!(mDataCapacity == 0 && mObjects == nullptr
-             && mObjectsCapacity == 0)) {
-            ALOGE("continueWrite: %zu/%p/%zu/%zu", mDataCapacity, mObjects, mObjectsCapacity, desired);
+        if (!(mDataCapacity == 0 &&
+              (kernelFields == nullptr ||
+               (kernelFields->mObjects == nullptr && kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity == 0)))) {
+            ALOGE("continueWrite: %zu/%p/%zu/%zu", mDataCapacity,
+                  kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjects : nullptr,
+                  kernelFields ? kernelFields->mObjectsCapacity : 0, desired);
         }
 
         LOG_ALLOC("Parcel %p: allocating with %zu capacity", this, desired);
@@ -2607,6 +3007,35 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t Parcel::truncateRpcObjects(size_t newObjectsSize) {
+    auto* rpcFields = maybeRpcFields();
+    if (newObjectsSize == 0) {
+        rpcFields->mObjectPositions.clear();
+        if (rpcFields->mFds) {
+            rpcFields->mFds->clear();
+        }
+        return OK;
+    }
+    while (rpcFields->mObjectPositions.size() > newObjectsSize) {
+        uint32_t pos = rpcFields->mObjectPositions.back();
+        rpcFields->mObjectPositions.pop_back();
+        const auto type = *reinterpret_cast<const RpcFields::ObjectType*>(mData + pos);
+        if (type == RpcFields::TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR) {
+            const auto fdIndex =
+                    *reinterpret_cast<const int32_t*>(mData + pos + sizeof(RpcFields::ObjectType));
+            if (rpcFields->mFds == nullptr || fdIndex < 0 ||
+                static_cast<size_t>(fdIndex) >= rpcFields->mFds->size()) {
+                ALOGE("RPC Parcel contains invalid file descriptor index. index=%d fd_count=%zu",
+                      fdIndex, rpcFields->mFds ? rpcFields->mFds->size() : 0);
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+            // In practice, this always removes the last element.
+            rpcFields->mFds->erase(rpcFields->mFds->begin() + fdIndex);
+        }
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
 void Parcel::initState()
 {
     LOG_ALLOC("Parcel %p: initState", this);
@@ -2617,39 +3046,23 @@
     mDataPos = 0;
     ALOGV("initState Setting data size of %p to %zu", this, mDataSize);
     ALOGV("initState Setting data pos of %p to %zu", this, mDataPos);
-    mSession = nullptr;
-    mObjects = nullptr;
-    mObjectsSize = 0;
-    mObjectsCapacity = 0;
-    mNextObjectHint = 0;
-    mObjectsSorted = false;
-    mHasFds = false;
-    mFdsKnown = true;
+    mVariantFields.emplace<KernelFields>();
     mAllowFds = true;
     mDeallocZero = false;
     mOwner = nullptr;
-    mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition = 0;
-    mRequestHeaderPresent = false;
-
-    // racing multiple init leads only to multiple identical write
-    if (gMaxFds == 0) {
-        struct rlimit result;
-        if (!getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &result)) {
-            gMaxFds = (size_t)result.rlim_cur;
-            //ALOGI("parcel fd limit set to %zu", gMaxFds);
-        } else {
-            ALOGW("Unable to getrlimit: %s", strerror(errno));
-            gMaxFds = 1024;
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 void Parcel::scanForFds() const {
-    status_t status = hasFileDescriptorsInRange(0, dataSize(), &mHasFds);
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    status_t status = hasFileDescriptorsInRange(0, dataSize(), &kernelFields->mHasFds);
     ALOGE_IF(status != NO_ERROR, "Error %d calling hasFileDescriptorsInRange()", status);
-    mFdsKnown = true;
+    kernelFields->mFdsKnown = true;
 }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 size_t Parcel::getBlobAshmemSize() const
 {
     // This used to return the size of all blobs that were written to ashmem, now we're returning
@@ -2660,10 +3073,15 @@
 
 size_t Parcel::getOpenAshmemSize() const
 {
+    auto* kernelFields = maybeKernelFields();
+    if (kernelFields == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     size_t openAshmemSize = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mObjectsSize; i++) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kernelFields->mObjectsSize; i++) {
         const flat_binder_object* flat =
-                reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + mObjects[i]);
+                reinterpret_cast<const flat_binder_object*>(mData + kernelFields->mObjects[i]);
 
         // cookie is compared against zero for historical reasons
         // > obj.cookie = takeOwnership ? 1 : 0;
@@ -2677,6 +3095,7 @@
     }
     return openAshmemSize;
 }
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
 // --- Parcel::Blob ---
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
index 4a01d81..7faff47 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
@@ -35,14 +35,15 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <mutex>
+#include <pthread.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <mutex>
 
 #define BINDER_VM_SIZE ((1 * 1024 * 1024) - sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) * 2)
 #define DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS 15
@@ -100,6 +101,11 @@
 
 sp<ProcessState> ProcessState::init(const char *driver, bool requireDefault)
 {
+#ifdef BINDER_IPC_32BIT
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("32-bit binder IPC is not supported for new devices starting in Android P. If "
+                     "you do need to use this mode, please see b/232423610 or file an issue with "
+                     "AOSP upstream as otherwise this will be removed soon.");
+#endif
 
     if (driver == nullptr) {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(gProcessMutex);
@@ -170,6 +176,10 @@
     // the thread handler is installed
     if (gProcess) {
         gProcess->mForked = true;
+
+        // "O_CLOFORK"
+        close(gProcess->mDriverFD);
+        gProcess->mDriverFD = -1;
     }
     gProcessMutex.unlock();
 }
@@ -182,7 +192,6 @@
             ALOGW("Extra binder thread started, but 0 threads requested. Do not use "
                   "*startThreadPool when zero threads are requested.");
         }
-
         mThreadPoolStarted = true;
         spawnPooledThread(true);
     }
@@ -290,12 +299,17 @@
     return &mHandleToObject.editItemAt(handle);
 }
 
+// see b/166779391: cannot change the VNDK interface, so access like this
+extern sp<BBinder> the_context_object;
+
 sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getStrongProxyForHandle(int32_t handle)
 {
     sp<IBinder> result;
 
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
 
+    if (handle == 0 && the_context_object != nullptr) return the_context_object;
+
     handle_entry* e = lookupHandleLocked(handle);
 
     if (e != nullptr) {
@@ -386,6 +400,9 @@
         ALOGV("Spawning new pooled thread, name=%s\n", name.string());
         sp<Thread> t = sp<PoolThread>::make(isMain);
         t->run(name.string());
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&mThreadCountLock);
+        mKernelStartedThreads++;
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mThreadCountLock);
     }
 }
 
@@ -402,12 +419,20 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-size_t ProcessState::getThreadPoolMaxThreadCount() const {
+size_t ProcessState::getThreadPoolMaxTotalThreadCount() const {
     // may actually be one more than this, if join is called
-    if (mThreadPoolStarted) return mMaxThreads;
+    if (mThreadPoolStarted) {
+        return mCurrentThreads < mKernelStartedThreads
+                ? mMaxThreads
+                : mMaxThreads + mCurrentThreads - mKernelStartedThreads;
+    }
     // must not be initialized or maybe has poll thread setup, we
     // currently don't track this in libbinder
-    return 0;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mKernelStartedThreads != 0,
+                        "Expecting 0 kernel started threads but have"
+                        " %zu",
+                        mKernelStartedThreads);
+    return mCurrentThreads;
 }
 
 #define DRIVER_FEATURES_PATH "/dev/binderfs/features/"
@@ -415,6 +440,8 @@
     static const char* const names[] = {
         [static_cast<int>(DriverFeature::ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION)] =
             DRIVER_FEATURES_PATH "oneway_spam_detection",
+        [static_cast<int>(DriverFeature::EXTENDED_ERROR)] =
+            DRIVER_FEATURES_PATH "extended_error",
     };
     int fd = open(names[static_cast<int>(feature)], O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
     char on;
@@ -491,6 +518,8 @@
         mExecutingThreadsCount(0),
         mWaitingForThreads(0),
         mMaxThreads(DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS),
+        mCurrentThreads(0),
+        mKernelStartedThreads(0),
         mStarvationStartTimeMs(0),
         mForked(false),
         mThreadPoolStarted(false),
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
index ace5cd5..096d5cc 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
@@ -24,18 +24,21 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/hex.h>
 #include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
 #include <binder/RpcServer.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <utils/Compat.h>
 
+#include "BuildFlags.h"
 #include "FdTrigger.h"
+#include "OS.h"
 #include "RpcSocketAddress.h"
 #include "RpcState.h"
 #include "RpcWireFormat.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -121,28 +124,36 @@
     mProtocolVersion = version;
 }
 
+void RpcServer::setSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes(
+        const std::vector<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>& modes) {
+    mSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.reset();
+    for (RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode mode : modes) {
+        mSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.set(static_cast<size_t>(mode));
+    }
+}
+
 void RpcServer::setRootObject(const sp<IBinder>& binder) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     mRootObjectFactory = nullptr;
     mRootObjectWeak = mRootObject = binder;
 }
 
 void RpcServer::setRootObjectWeak(const wp<IBinder>& binder) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     mRootObject.clear();
     mRootObjectFactory = nullptr;
     mRootObjectWeak = binder;
 }
 void RpcServer::setPerSessionRootObject(
-        std::function<sp<IBinder>(const sockaddr*, socklen_t)>&& makeObject) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+        std::function<sp<IBinder>(const void*, size_t)>&& makeObject) {
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     mRootObject.clear();
     mRootObjectWeak.clear();
     mRootObjectFactory = std::move(makeObject);
 }
 
 sp<IBinder> RpcServer::getRootObject() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     bool hasWeak = mRootObjectWeak.unsafe_get();
     sp<IBinder> ret = mRootObjectWeak.promote();
     ALOGW_IF(hasWeak && ret == nullptr, "RpcServer root object is freed, returning nullptr");
@@ -150,7 +161,7 @@
 }
 
 std::vector<uint8_t> RpcServer::getCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat format) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     return mCtx->getCertificate(format);
 }
 
@@ -159,15 +170,17 @@
 }
 
 void RpcServer::start() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mJoinThread.get(), "Already started!");
-    mJoinThread = std::make_unique<std::thread>(&joinRpcServer, sp<RpcServer>::fromExisting(this));
+    mJoinThread =
+            std::make_unique<RpcMaybeThread>(&joinRpcServer, sp<RpcServer>::fromExisting(this));
+    rpcJoinIfSingleThreaded(*mJoinThread);
 }
 
 void RpcServer::join() {
 
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mServer.ok(), "RpcServer must be setup to join.");
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mShutdownTrigger != nullptr, "Already joined");
         mJoinThreadRunning = true;
@@ -177,14 +190,16 @@
 
     status_t status;
     while ((status = mShutdownTrigger->triggerablePoll(mServer, POLLIN)) == OK) {
-        sockaddr_storage addr;
-        socklen_t addrLen = sizeof(addr);
+        std::array<uint8_t, kRpcAddressSize> addr;
+        static_assert(addr.size() >= sizeof(sockaddr_storage), "kRpcAddressSize is too small");
 
+        socklen_t addrLen = addr.size();
         unique_fd clientFd(
-                TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(accept4(mServer.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&addr),
+                TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(accept4(mServer.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(addr.data()),
                                            &addrLen, SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK)));
 
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(addrLen > static_cast<socklen_t>(sizeof(addr)), "Truncated address");
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(addrLen > static_cast<socklen_t>(sizeof(sockaddr_storage)),
+                            "Truncated address");
 
         if (clientFd < 0) {
             ALOGE("Could not accept4 socket: %s", strerror(errno));
@@ -193,24 +208,31 @@
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("accept4 on fd %d yields fd %d", mServer.get(), clientFd.get());
 
         {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
-            std::thread thread =
-                    std::thread(&RpcServer::establishConnection, sp<RpcServer>::fromExisting(this),
-                                std::move(clientFd), addr, addrLen);
-            mConnectingThreads[thread.get_id()] = std::move(thread);
+            RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
+            RpcMaybeThread thread = RpcMaybeThread(&RpcServer::establishConnection,
+                                                   sp<RpcServer>::fromExisting(this),
+                                                   std::move(clientFd), addr, addrLen);
+
+            auto& threadRef = mConnectingThreads[thread.get_id()];
+            threadRef = std::move(thread);
+            rpcJoinIfSingleThreaded(threadRef);
         }
     }
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcServer::join exiting with %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
 
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    if constexpr (kEnableRpcThreads) {
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
         mJoinThreadRunning = false;
+    } else {
+        // Multi-threaded builds clear this in shutdown(), but we need it valid
+        // so the loop above exits cleanly
+        mShutdownTrigger = nullptr;
     }
     mShutdownCv.notify_all();
 }
 
 bool RpcServer::shutdown() {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mLock);
     if (mShutdownTrigger == nullptr) {
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Cannot shutdown. No shutdown trigger installed (already shutdown?)");
         return false;
@@ -221,10 +243,16 @@
     for (auto& [id, session] : mSessions) {
         (void)id;
         // server lock is a more general lock
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _lSession(session->mMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _lSession(session->mMutex);
         session->mShutdownTrigger->trigger();
     }
 
+    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcThreads) {
+        // In single-threaded mode we're done here, everything else that
+        // needs to happen should be at the end of RpcServer::join()
+        return true;
+    }
+
     while (mJoinThreadRunning || !mConnectingThreads.empty() || !mSessions.empty()) {
         if (std::cv_status::timeout == mShutdownCv.wait_for(_l, std::chrono::seconds(1))) {
             ALOGE("Waiting for RpcServer to shut down (1s w/o progress). Join thread running: %d, "
@@ -252,7 +280,7 @@
 }
 
 std::vector<sp<RpcSession>> RpcServer::listSessions() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     std::vector<sp<RpcSession>> sessions;
     for (auto& [id, session] : mSessions) {
         (void)id;
@@ -262,12 +290,12 @@
 }
 
 size_t RpcServer::numUninitializedSessions() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     return mConnectingThreads.size();
 }
 
 void RpcServer::establishConnection(sp<RpcServer>&& server, base::unique_fd clientFd,
-                                    const sockaddr_storage addr, socklen_t addrLen) {
+                                    std::array<uint8_t, kRpcAddressSize> addr, size_t addrLen) {
     // mShutdownTrigger can only be cleared once connection threads have joined.
     // It must be set before this thread is started
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(server->mShutdownTrigger == nullptr);
@@ -288,7 +316,8 @@
     RpcConnectionHeader header;
     if (status == OK) {
         iovec iov{&header, sizeof(header)};
-        status = client->interruptableReadFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1, {});
+        status = client->interruptableReadFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1,
+                                                std::nullopt, /*ancillaryFds=*/nullptr);
         if (status != OK) {
             ALOGE("Failed to read ID for client connecting to RPC server: %s",
                   statusToString(status).c_str());
@@ -302,8 +331,8 @@
             if (header.sessionIdSize == kSessionIdBytes) {
                 sessionId.resize(header.sessionIdSize);
                 iovec iov{sessionId.data(), sessionId.size()};
-                status =
-                        client->interruptableReadFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1, {});
+                status = client->interruptableReadFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1,
+                                                        std::nullopt, /*ancillaryFds=*/nullptr);
                 if (status != OK) {
                     ALOGE("Failed to read session ID for client connecting to RPC server: %s",
                           statusToString(status).c_str());
@@ -333,7 +362,8 @@
             };
 
             iovec iov{&response, sizeof(response)};
-            status = client->interruptableWriteFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1, {});
+            status = client->interruptableWriteFully(server->mShutdownTrigger.get(), &iov, 1,
+                                                     std::nullopt, nullptr);
             if (status != OK) {
                 ALOGE("Failed to send new session response: %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
                 // still need to cleanup before we can return
@@ -341,12 +371,12 @@
         }
     }
 
-    std::thread thisThread;
+    RpcMaybeThread thisThread;
     sp<RpcSession> session;
     {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(server->mLock);
+        RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(server->mLock);
 
-        auto threadId = server->mConnectingThreads.find(std::this_thread::get_id());
+        auto threadId = server->mConnectingThreads.find(rpc_this_thread::get_id());
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadId == server->mConnectingThreads.end(),
                             "Must establish connection on owned thread");
         thisThread = std::move(threadId->second);
@@ -380,24 +410,34 @@
                     return;
                 }
 
-                base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
-                        open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW)));
-                if (!base::ReadFully(fd, sessionId.data(), sessionId.size())) {
-                    ALOGE("Could not read from /dev/urandom to create session ID");
+                auto status = getRandomBytes(sessionId.data(), sessionId.size());
+                if (status != OK) {
+                    ALOGE("Failed to read random session ID: %s", strerror(-status));
                     return;
                 }
             } while (server->mSessions.end() != server->mSessions.find(sessionId));
 
-            session = RpcSession::make();
+            session = sp<RpcSession>::make(nullptr);
             session->setMaxIncomingThreads(server->mMaxThreads);
             if (!session->setProtocolVersion(protocolVersion)) return;
 
+            if (header.fileDescriptorTransportMode <
+                        server->mSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.size() &&
+                server->mSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.test(
+                        header.fileDescriptorTransportMode)) {
+                session->setFileDescriptorTransportMode(
+                        static_cast<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>(
+                                header.fileDescriptorTransportMode));
+            } else {
+                ALOGE("Rejecting connection: FileDescriptorTransportMode is not supported: %hhu",
+                      header.fileDescriptorTransportMode);
+                return;
+            }
+
             // if null, falls back to server root
             sp<IBinder> sessionSpecificRoot;
             if (server->mRootObjectFactory != nullptr) {
-                sessionSpecificRoot =
-                        server->mRootObjectFactory(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&addr),
-                                                   addrLen);
+                sessionSpecificRoot = server->mRootObjectFactory(addr.data(), addrLen);
                 if (sessionSpecificRoot == nullptr) {
                     ALOGE("Warning: server returned null from root object factory");
                 }
@@ -484,7 +524,7 @@
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Dropping session with address %s",
                    base::HexString(id.data(), id.size()).c_str());
 
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     auto it = mSessions.find(id);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(it == mSessions.end(), "Bad state, unknown session id %s",
                         base::HexString(id.data(), id.size()).c_str());
@@ -498,17 +538,17 @@
 }
 
 bool RpcServer::hasServer() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     return mServer.ok();
 }
 
 unique_fd RpcServer::releaseServer() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     return std::move(mServer);
 }
 
 status_t RpcServer::setupExternalServer(base::unique_fd serverFd) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mLock);
     if (mServer.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Each RpcServer can only have one server.");
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
index d40778a..80f6a37 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <poll.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <string_view>
@@ -34,19 +33,17 @@
 #include <binder/RpcServer.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
 #include <binder/Stability.h>
+#include <utils/Compat.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 
 #include "FdTrigger.h"
+#include "OS.h"
 #include "RpcSocketAddress.h"
 #include "RpcState.h"
 #include "RpcWireFormat.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 
-#ifdef __GLIBC__
-extern "C" pid_t gettid();
-#endif
-
-#ifndef __ANDROID_RECOVERY__
+#if defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(__ANDROID_RECOVERY__)
 #include <android_runtime/vm.h>
 #include <jni.h>
 #endif
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@
 RpcSession::~RpcSession() {
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcSession destroyed %p", this);
 
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mConnections.mIncoming.size() != 0,
                         "Should not be able to destroy a session with servers in use.");
 }
@@ -80,7 +77,7 @@
 }
 
 void RpcSession::setMaxIncomingThreads(size_t threads) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mConnections.mOutgoing.empty() || !mConnections.mIncoming.empty(),
                         "Must set max incoming threads before setting up connections, but has %zu "
                         "client(s) and %zu server(s)",
@@ -89,12 +86,12 @@
 }
 
 size_t RpcSession::getMaxIncomingThreads() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     return mMaxIncomingThreads;
 }
 
 void RpcSession::setMaxOutgoingThreads(size_t threads) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mConnections.mOutgoing.empty() || !mConnections.mIncoming.empty(),
                         "Must set max outgoing threads before setting up connections, but has %zu "
                         "client(s) and %zu server(s)",
@@ -103,7 +100,7 @@
 }
 
 size_t RpcSession::getMaxOutgoingThreads() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     return mMaxOutgoingThreads;
 }
 
@@ -116,7 +113,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     if (mProtocolVersion && version > *mProtocolVersion) {
         ALOGE("Cannot upgrade explicitly capped protocol version %u to newer version %u",
               *mProtocolVersion, version);
@@ -128,10 +125,18 @@
 }
 
 std::optional<uint32_t> RpcSession::getProtocolVersion() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
     return mProtocolVersion;
 }
 
+void RpcSession::setFileDescriptorTransportMode(FileDescriptorTransportMode mode) {
+    mFileDescriptorTransportMode = mode;
+}
+
+RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode RpcSession::getFileDescriptorTransportMode() {
+    return mFileDescriptorTransportMode;
+}
+
 status_t RpcSession::setupUnixDomainClient(const char* path) {
     return setupSocketClient(UnixSocketAddress(path));
 }
@@ -152,13 +157,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t RpcSession::setupPreconnectedClient(unique_fd fd, std::function<unique_fd()>&& request) {
-    // Why passing raw fd? When fd is passed as reference, Clang analyzer sees that the variable
-    // `fd` is a moved-from object. To work-around the issue, unwrap the raw fd from the outer `fd`,
-    // pass the raw fd by value to the lambda, and then finally wrap it in unique_fd inside the
-    // lambda.
-    return setupClient([&, raw = fd.release()](const std::vector<uint8_t>& sessionId,
-                                               bool incoming) -> status_t {
-        unique_fd fd(raw);
+    return setupClient([&](const std::vector<uint8_t>& sessionId, bool incoming) -> status_t {
         if (!fd.ok()) {
             fd = request();
             if (!fd.ok()) return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -167,7 +166,9 @@
             ALOGE("setupPreconnectedClient: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
             return res.error().code() == 0 ? UNKNOWN_ERROR : -res.error().code();
         }
-        return initAndAddConnection(std::move(fd), sessionId, incoming);
+        status_t status = initAndAddConnection(std::move(fd), sessionId, incoming);
+        fd = unique_fd(); // Explicitly reset after move to avoid analyzer warning.
+        return status;
     });
 }
 
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@
 }
 
 bool RpcSession::shutdownAndWait(bool wait) {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mMutex);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mShutdownTrigger == nullptr, "Shutdown trigger not installed");
 
     mShutdownTrigger->trigger();
@@ -221,6 +222,7 @@
     }
 
     _l.unlock();
+
     mRpcBinderState->clear();
 
     return true;
@@ -255,7 +257,7 @@
 
 status_t RpcSession::readId() {
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mForServer != nullptr, "Can only update ID for client.");
     }
 
@@ -281,7 +283,7 @@
     mCv.notify_all();
 }
 
-void RpcSession::WaitForShutdownListener::waitForShutdown(std::unique_lock<std::mutex>& lock,
+void RpcSession::WaitForShutdownListener::waitForShutdown(RpcMutexUniqueLock& lock,
                                                           const sp<RpcSession>& session) {
     while (session->mConnections.mIncoming.size() > 0) {
         if (std::cv_status::timeout == mCv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(1))) {
@@ -292,11 +294,11 @@
     }
 }
 
-void RpcSession::preJoinThreadOwnership(std::thread thread) {
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(thread.get_id() != std::this_thread::get_id(), "Must own this thread");
+void RpcSession::preJoinThreadOwnership(RpcMaybeThread thread) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(thread.get_id() != rpc_this_thread::get_id(), "Must own this thread");
 
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
         mConnections.mThreads[thread.get_id()] = std::move(thread);
     }
 }
@@ -323,7 +325,7 @@
 }
 
 namespace {
-#ifdef __ANDROID_RECOVERY__
+#if !defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__ANDROID_RECOVERY__)
 class JavaThreadAttacher {};
 #else
 // RAII object for attaching / detaching current thread to JVM if Android Runtime exists. If
@@ -403,8 +405,8 @@
 
     sp<RpcSession::EventListener> listener;
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(session->mMutex);
-        auto it = session->mConnections.mThreads.find(std::this_thread::get_id());
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(session->mMutex);
+        auto it = session->mConnections.mThreads.find(rpc_this_thread::get_id());
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(it == session->mConnections.mThreads.end());
         it->second.detach();
         session->mConnections.mThreads.erase(it);
@@ -437,7 +439,7 @@
 status_t RpcSession::setupClient(const std::function<status_t(const std::vector<uint8_t>& sessionId,
                                                               bool incoming)>& connectAndInit) {
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mConnections.mOutgoing.size() != 0,
                             "Must only setup session once, but already has %zu clients",
                             mConnections.mOutgoing.size());
@@ -499,7 +501,11 @@
         return status;
     }
 
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+    constexpr size_t outgoingThreads = 1;
+#else  // BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
     size_t outgoingThreads = std::min(numThreadsAvailable, mMaxOutgoingThreads);
+#endif // BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
     ALOGI_IF(outgoingThreads != numThreadsAvailable,
              "Server hints client to start %zu outgoing threads, but client will only start %zu "
              "because it is preconfigured to start at most %zu outgoing threads.",
@@ -613,6 +619,7 @@
     RpcConnectionHeader header{
             .version = mProtocolVersion.value_or(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION),
             .options = 0,
+            .fileDescriptorTransportMode = static_cast<uint8_t>(mFileDescriptorTransportMode),
             .sessionIdSize = static_cast<uint16_t>(sessionId.size()),
     };
 
@@ -621,8 +628,8 @@
     }
 
     iovec headerIov{&header, sizeof(header)};
-    auto sendHeaderStatus =
-            server->interruptableWriteFully(mShutdownTrigger.get(), &headerIov, 1, {});
+    auto sendHeaderStatus = server->interruptableWriteFully(mShutdownTrigger.get(), &headerIov, 1,
+                                                            std::nullopt, nullptr);
     if (sendHeaderStatus != OK) {
         ALOGE("Could not write connection header to socket: %s",
               statusToString(sendHeaderStatus).c_str());
@@ -633,7 +640,8 @@
         iovec sessionIov{const_cast<void*>(static_cast<const void*>(sessionId.data())),
                          sessionId.size()};
         auto sendSessionIdStatus =
-                server->interruptableWriteFully(mShutdownTrigger.get(), &sessionIov, 1, {});
+                server->interruptableWriteFully(mShutdownTrigger.get(), &sessionIov, 1,
+                                                std::nullopt, nullptr);
         if (sendSessionIdStatus != OK) {
             ALOGE("Could not write session ID ('%s') to socket: %s",
                   base::HexString(sessionId.data(), sessionId.size()).c_str(),
@@ -652,14 +660,14 @@
 }
 
 status_t RpcSession::addIncomingConnection(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> rpcTransport) {
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    std::condition_variable joinCv;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
-    std::thread thread;
+    RpcMutex mutex;
+    RpcConditionVariable joinCv;
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock lock(mutex);
+    RpcMaybeThread thread;
     sp<RpcSession> thiz = sp<RpcSession>::fromExisting(this);
     bool ownershipTransferred = false;
-    thread = std::thread([&]() {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> threadLock(mutex);
+    thread = RpcMaybeThread([&]() {
+        RpcMutexUniqueLock threadLock(mutex);
         std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> movedRpcTransport = std::move(rpcTransport);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization)
         sp<RpcSession> session = thiz;
@@ -675,6 +683,7 @@
 
         RpcSession::join(std::move(session), std::move(setupResult));
     });
+    rpcJoinIfSingleThreaded(thread);
     joinCv.wait(lock, [&] { return ownershipTransferred; });
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!ownershipTransferred);
     return OK;
@@ -694,9 +703,9 @@
 status_t RpcSession::addOutgoingConnection(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> rpcTransport, bool init) {
     sp<RpcConnection> connection = sp<RpcConnection>::make();
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
         connection->rpcTransport = std::move(rpcTransport);
-        connection->exclusiveTid = gettid();
+        connection->exclusiveTid = rpcGetThreadId();
         mConnections.mOutgoing.push_back(connection);
     }
 
@@ -706,10 +715,7 @@
                 mRpcBinderState->sendConnectionInit(connection, sp<RpcSession>::fromExisting(this));
     }
 
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
-        connection->exclusiveTid = std::nullopt;
-    }
+    clearConnectionTid(connection);
 
     return status;
 }
@@ -722,6 +728,7 @@
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mEventListener != nullptr);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(eventListener == nullptr);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mShutdownTrigger != nullptr);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mCtx != nullptr);
 
     mShutdownTrigger = FdTrigger::make();
     if (mShutdownTrigger == nullptr) return false;
@@ -735,7 +742,7 @@
 
 sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection> RpcSession::assignIncomingConnectionToThisThread(
         std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> rpcTransport) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mMutex);
 
     if (mConnections.mIncoming.size() >= mMaxIncomingThreads) {
         ALOGE("Cannot add thread to session with %zu threads (max is set to %zu)",
@@ -753,7 +760,7 @@
 
     sp<RpcConnection> session = sp<RpcConnection>::make();
     session->rpcTransport = std::move(rpcTransport);
-    session->exclusiveTid = gettid();
+    session->exclusiveTid = rpcGetThreadId();
 
     mConnections.mIncoming.push_back(session);
     mConnections.mMaxIncoming = mConnections.mIncoming.size();
@@ -762,7 +769,7 @@
 }
 
 bool RpcSession::removeIncomingConnection(const sp<RpcConnection>& connection) {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mMutex);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mMutex);
     if (auto it =
                 std::find(mConnections.mIncoming.begin(), mConnections.mIncoming.end(), connection);
         it != mConnections.mIncoming.end()) {
@@ -779,6 +786,15 @@
     return false;
 }
 
+void RpcSession::clearConnectionTid(const sp<RpcConnection>& connection) {
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mMutex);
+    connection->exclusiveTid = std::nullopt;
+    if (mConnections.mWaitingThreads > 0) {
+        _l.unlock();
+        mAvailableConnectionCv.notify_one();
+    }
+}
+
 std::vector<uint8_t> RpcSession::getCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat format) {
     return mCtx->getCertificate(format);
 }
@@ -789,8 +805,8 @@
     connection->mConnection = nullptr;
     connection->mReentrant = false;
 
-    pid_t tid = gettid();
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(session->mMutex);
+    uint64_t tid = rpcGetThreadId();
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(session->mMutex);
 
     session->mConnections.mWaitingThreads++;
     while (true) {
@@ -876,7 +892,7 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-void RpcSession::ExclusiveConnection::findConnection(pid_t tid, sp<RpcConnection>* exclusive,
+void RpcSession::ExclusiveConnection::findConnection(uint64_t tid, sp<RpcConnection>* exclusive,
                                                      sp<RpcConnection>* available,
                                                      std::vector<sp<RpcConnection>>& sockets,
                                                      size_t socketsIndexHint) {
@@ -908,12 +924,7 @@
     // is using this fd, and it retains the right to it. So, we don't give up
     // exclusive ownership, and no thread is freed.
     if (!mReentrant && mConnection != nullptr) {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mSession->mMutex);
-        mConnection->exclusiveTid = std::nullopt;
-        if (mSession->mConnections.mWaitingThreads > 0) {
-            _l.unlock();
-            mSession->mAvailableConnectionCv.notify_one();
-        }
+        mSession->clearConnectionTid(mConnection);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcState.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcState.cpp
index 6d89064..0ae75cd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcState.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@
 #include <android-base/hex.h>
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <binder/BpBinder.h>
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <binder/RpcServer.h>
 
 #include "Debug.h"
 #include "RpcWireFormat.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 
 #include <random>
 
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-using base::ScopeGuard;
+using base::StringPrintf;
 
 #if RPC_FLAKE_PRONE
 void rpcMaybeWaitToFlake() {
@@ -42,13 +44,22 @@
     [[clang::no_destroy]] static std::mutex m;
     unsigned num;
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard lock(m);
         num = r();
     }
     if (num % 10 == 0) usleep(num % 1000);
 }
 #endif
 
+static bool enableAncillaryFds(RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE:
+            return false;
+        case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX:
+            return true;
+    }
+}
+
 RpcState::RpcState() {}
 RpcState::~RpcState() {}
 
@@ -77,7 +88,7 @@
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mNodeMutex);
     if (mTerminated) return DEAD_OBJECT;
 
     // TODO(b/182939933): maybe move address out of BpBinder, and keep binder->address map
@@ -153,7 +164,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mNodeMutex);
     if (mTerminated) return DEAD_OBJECT;
 
     if (auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(address); it != mNodeForAddress.end()) {
@@ -188,7 +199,7 @@
     // extra reference counting packets now.
     if (binder->remoteBinder()) return OK;
 
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
     if (mTerminated) return DEAD_OBJECT;
 
     auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(address);
@@ -216,17 +227,17 @@
 }
 
 size_t RpcState::countBinders() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mNodeMutex);
     return mNodeForAddress.size();
 }
 
 void RpcState::dump() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mNodeMutex);
     dumpLocked();
 }
 
 void RpcState::clear() {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
 
     if (mTerminated) {
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mNodeForAddress.empty(),
@@ -309,9 +320,11 @@
     mData.reset(new (std::nothrow) uint8_t[size]);
 }
 
-status_t RpcState::rpcSend(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                           const sp<RpcSession>& session, const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                           const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+status_t RpcState::rpcSend(
+        const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+        const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+        const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+        const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) {
     for (int i = 0; i < niovs; i++) {
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Sending %s (part %d of %d) on RpcTransport %p: %s",
                        what, i + 1, niovs, connection->rpcTransport.get(),
@@ -320,7 +333,8 @@
 
     if (status_t status =
                 connection->rpcTransport->interruptableWriteFully(session->mShutdownTrigger.get(),
-                                                                  iovs, niovs, altPoll);
+                                                                  iovs, niovs, altPoll,
+                                                                  ancillaryFds);
         status != OK) {
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Failed to write %s (%d iovs) on RpcTransport %p, error: %s", what, niovs,
                        connection->rpcTransport.get(), statusToString(status).c_str());
@@ -331,11 +345,14 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-status_t RpcState::rpcRec(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                          const sp<RpcSession>& session, const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs) {
+status_t RpcState::rpcRec(
+        const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+        const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) {
     if (status_t status =
                 connection->rpcTransport->interruptableReadFully(session->mShutdownTrigger.get(),
-                                                                 iovs, niovs, {});
+                                                                 iovs, niovs, std::nullopt,
+                                                                 ancillaryFds);
         status != OK) {
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Failed to read %s (%d iovs) on RpcTransport %p, error: %s", what, niovs,
                        connection->rpcTransport.get(), statusToString(status).c_str());
@@ -355,7 +372,7 @@
                                           const sp<RpcSession>& session, uint32_t* version) {
     RpcNewSessionResponse response;
     iovec iov{&response, sizeof(response)};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "new session response", &iov, 1);
+    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "new session response", &iov, 1, nullptr);
         status != OK) {
         return status;
     }
@@ -369,14 +386,15 @@
             .msg = RPC_CONNECTION_INIT_OKAY,
     };
     iovec iov{&init, sizeof(init)};
-    return rpcSend(connection, session, "connection init", &iov, 1);
+    return rpcSend(connection, session, "connection init", &iov, 1, std::nullopt);
 }
 
 status_t RpcState::readConnectionInit(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                       const sp<RpcSession>& session) {
     RpcOutgoingConnectionInit init;
     iovec iov{&init, sizeof(init)};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "connection init", &iov, 1); status != OK)
+    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "connection init", &iov, 1, nullptr);
+        status != OK)
         return status;
 
     static_assert(sizeof(init.msg) == sizeof(RPC_CONNECTION_INIT_OKAY));
@@ -448,20 +466,12 @@
 status_t RpcState::transact(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                             const sp<IBinder>& binder, uint32_t code, const Parcel& data,
                             const sp<RpcSession>& session, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags) {
-    if (!data.isForRpc()) {
-        ALOGE("Refusing to send RPC with parcel not crafted for RPC call on binder %p code "
-              "%" PRIu32,
-              binder.get(), code);
-        return BAD_TYPE;
+    std::string errorMsg;
+    if (status_t status = validateParcel(session, data, &errorMsg); status != OK) {
+        ALOGE("Refusing to send RPC on binder %p code %" PRIu32 ": Parcel %p failed validation: %s",
+              binder.get(), code, &data, errorMsg.c_str());
+        return status;
     }
-
-    if (data.objectsCount() != 0) {
-        ALOGE("Parcel at %p has attached objects but is being used in an RPC call on binder %p "
-              "code %" PRIu32,
-              &data, binder.get(), code);
-        return BAD_TYPE;
-    }
-
     uint64_t address;
     if (status_t status = onBinderLeaving(session, binder, &address); status != OK) return status;
 
@@ -477,7 +487,7 @@
     uint64_t asyncNumber = 0;
 
     if (address != 0) {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+        RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
         if (mTerminated) return DEAD_OBJECT; // avoid fatal only, otherwise races
         auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(address);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(it == mNodeForAddress.end(),
@@ -493,14 +503,21 @@
         }
     }
 
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max() - sizeof(RpcWireHeader) -
-                                        sizeof(RpcWireTransaction) <
-                                data.dataSize(),
-                        "Too much data %zu", data.dataSize());
+    auto* rpcFields = data.maybeRpcFields();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(rpcFields == nullptr);
 
+    Span<const uint32_t> objectTableSpan = Span<const uint32_t>{rpcFields->mObjectPositions.data(),
+                                                                rpcFields->mObjectPositions.size()};
+
+    uint32_t bodySize;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(__builtin_add_overflow(sizeof(RpcWireTransaction), data.dataSize(),
+                                               &bodySize) ||
+                                __builtin_add_overflow(objectTableSpan.byteSize(), bodySize,
+                                                       &bodySize),
+                        "Too much data %zu", data.dataSize());
     RpcWireHeader command{
             .command = RPC_COMMAND_TRANSACT,
-            .bodySize = static_cast<uint32_t>(sizeof(RpcWireTransaction) + data.dataSize()),
+            .bodySize = bodySize,
     };
 
     RpcWireTransaction transaction{
@@ -508,6 +525,8 @@
             .code = code,
             .flags = flags,
             .asyncNumber = asyncNumber,
+            // bodySize didn't overflow => this cast is safe
+            .parcelDataSize = static_cast<uint32_t>(data.dataSize()),
     };
 
     constexpr size_t kWaitMaxUs = 1000000;
@@ -516,31 +535,33 @@
 
     // Oneway calls have no sync point, so if many are sent before, whether this
     // is a twoway or oneway transaction, they may have filled up the socket.
-    // So, make sure we drain them before polling.
-    std::function<status_t()> drainRefs = [&] {
-        if (waitUs > kWaitLogUs) {
-            ALOGE("Cannot send command, trying to process pending refcounts. Waiting %zuus. Too "
-                  "many oneway calls?",
-                  waitUs);
-        }
-
-        if (waitUs > 0) {
-            usleep(waitUs);
-            waitUs = std::min(kWaitMaxUs, waitUs * 2);
-        } else {
-            waitUs = 1;
-        }
-
-        return drainCommands(connection, session, CommandType::CONTROL_ONLY);
-    };
+    // So, make sure we drain them before polling
 
     iovec iovs[]{
             {&command, sizeof(RpcWireHeader)},
             {&transaction, sizeof(RpcWireTransaction)},
             {const_cast<uint8_t*>(data.data()), data.dataSize()},
+            objectTableSpan.toIovec(),
     };
-    if (status_t status =
-                rpcSend(connection, session, "transaction", iovs, arraysize(iovs), drainRefs);
+    if (status_t status = rpcSend(
+                connection, session, "transaction", iovs, arraysize(iovs),
+                [&] {
+                    if (waitUs > kWaitLogUs) {
+                        ALOGE("Cannot send command, trying to process pending refcounts. Waiting "
+                              "%zuus. Too many oneway calls?",
+                              waitUs);
+                    }
+
+                    if (waitUs > 0) {
+                        usleep(waitUs);
+                        waitUs = std::min(kWaitMaxUs, waitUs * 2);
+                    } else {
+                        waitUs = 1;
+                    }
+
+                    return drainCommands(connection, session, CommandType::CONTROL_ONLY);
+                },
+                rpcFields->mFds.get());
         status != OK) {
         // TODO(b/167966510): need to undo onBinderLeaving - we know the
         // refcount isn't successfully transferred.
@@ -563,7 +584,7 @@
 static void cleanup_reply_data(Parcel* p, const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
                                const binder_size_t* objects, size_t objectsCount) {
     (void)p;
-    delete[] const_cast<uint8_t*>(data - offsetof(RpcWireReply, data));
+    delete[] const_cast<uint8_t*>(data);
     (void)dataSize;
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(objects != nullptr);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(objectsCount != 0, "%zu objects remaining", objectsCount);
@@ -571,43 +592,74 @@
 
 status_t RpcState::waitForReply(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                 const sp<RpcSession>& session, Parcel* reply) {
+    std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>> ancillaryFds;
     RpcWireHeader command;
     while (true) {
         iovec iov{&command, sizeof(command)};
-        if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "command header (for reply)", &iov, 1);
+        if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "command header (for reply)", &iov, 1,
+                                     enableAncillaryFds(session->getFileDescriptorTransportMode())
+                                             ? &ancillaryFds
+                                             : nullptr);
             status != OK)
             return status;
 
         if (command.command == RPC_COMMAND_REPLY) break;
 
-        if (status_t status = processCommand(connection, session, command, CommandType::ANY);
+        if (status_t status = processCommand(connection, session, command, CommandType::ANY,
+                                             std::move(ancillaryFds));
             status != OK)
             return status;
+
+        // Reset to avoid spurious use-after-move warning from clang-tidy.
+        ancillaryFds = decltype(ancillaryFds)();
     }
 
-    CommandData data(command.bodySize);
-    if (!data.valid()) return NO_MEMORY;
+    const size_t rpcReplyWireSize = RpcWireReply::wireSize(session->getProtocolVersion().value());
 
-    iovec iov{data.data(), command.bodySize};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "reply body", &iov, 1); status != OK)
-        return status;
-
-    if (command.bodySize < sizeof(RpcWireReply)) {
+    if (command.bodySize < rpcReplyWireSize) {
         ALOGE("Expecting %zu but got %" PRId32 " bytes for RpcWireReply. Terminating!",
               sizeof(RpcWireReply), command.bodySize);
         (void)session->shutdownAndWait(false);
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    RpcWireReply* rpcReply = reinterpret_cast<RpcWireReply*>(data.data());
-    if (rpcReply->status != OK) return rpcReply->status;
+
+    RpcWireReply rpcReply;
+    memset(&rpcReply, 0, sizeof(RpcWireReply)); // zero because of potential short read
+
+    CommandData data(command.bodySize - rpcReplyWireSize);
+    if (!data.valid()) return NO_MEMORY;
+
+    iovec iovs[]{
+            {&rpcReply, rpcReplyWireSize},
+            {data.data(), data.size()},
+    };
+    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "reply body", iovs, arraysize(iovs), nullptr);
+        status != OK)
+        return status;
+
+    if (rpcReply.status != OK) return rpcReply.status;
+
+    Span<const uint8_t> parcelSpan = {data.data(), data.size()};
+    Span<const uint32_t> objectTableSpan;
+    if (session->getProtocolVersion().value() >=
+        RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_RPC_HEADER_FEATURE_EXPLICIT_PARCEL_SIZE) {
+        Span<const uint8_t> objectTableBytes = parcelSpan.splitOff(rpcReply.parcelDataSize);
+        std::optional<Span<const uint32_t>> maybeSpan =
+                objectTableBytes.reinterpret<const uint32_t>();
+        if (!maybeSpan.has_value()) {
+            ALOGE("Bad object table size inferred from RpcWireReply. Saw bodySize=%" PRId32
+                  " sizeofHeader=%zu parcelSize=%" PRId32 " objectTableBytesSize=%zu. Terminating!",
+                  command.bodySize, rpcReplyWireSize, rpcReply.parcelDataSize,
+                  objectTableBytes.size);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        objectTableSpan = *maybeSpan;
+    }
 
     data.release();
-    reply->ipcSetDataReference(rpcReply->data, command.bodySize - offsetof(RpcWireReply, data),
-                               nullptr, 0, cleanup_reply_data);
-
-    reply->markForRpc(session);
-
-    return OK;
+    return reply->rpcSetDataReference(session, parcelSpan.data, parcelSpan.size,
+                                      objectTableSpan.data, objectTableSpan.size,
+                                      std::move(ancillaryFds), cleanup_reply_data);
 }
 
 status_t RpcState::sendDecStrongToTarget(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
@@ -618,7 +670,7 @@
     };
 
     {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(mNodeMutex);
         if (mTerminated) return DEAD_OBJECT; // avoid fatal only, otherwise races
         auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(addr);
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(it == mNodeForAddress.end(),
@@ -643,31 +695,32 @@
             .bodySize = sizeof(RpcDecStrong),
     };
     iovec iovs[]{{&cmd, sizeof(cmd)}, {&body, sizeof(body)}};
-    return rpcSend(connection, session, "dec ref", iovs, arraysize(iovs));
+    return rpcSend(connection, session, "dec ref", iovs, arraysize(iovs), std::nullopt);
 }
 
 status_t RpcState::getAndExecuteCommand(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                         const sp<RpcSession>& session, CommandType type) {
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("getAndExecuteCommand on RpcTransport %p", connection->rpcTransport.get());
 
+    std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>> ancillaryFds;
     RpcWireHeader command;
     iovec iov{&command, sizeof(command)};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "command header (for server)", &iov, 1);
+    if (status_t status =
+                rpcRec(connection, session, "command header (for server)", &iov, 1,
+                       enableAncillaryFds(session->getFileDescriptorTransportMode()) ? &ancillaryFds
+                                                                                     : nullptr);
         status != OK)
         return status;
 
-    return processCommand(connection, session, command, type);
+    return processCommand(connection, session, command, type, std::move(ancillaryFds));
 }
 
 status_t RpcState::drainCommands(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                  const sp<RpcSession>& session, CommandType type) {
-    uint8_t buf;
     while (true) {
-        size_t num_bytes;
-        status_t status = connection->rpcTransport->peek(&buf, sizeof(buf), &num_bytes);
+        status_t status = connection->rpcTransport->pollRead();
         if (status == WOULD_BLOCK) break;
         if (status != OK) return status;
-        if (!num_bytes) break;
 
         status = getAndExecuteCommand(connection, session, type);
         if (status != OK) return status;
@@ -675,28 +728,33 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-status_t RpcState::processCommand(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                  const sp<RpcSession>& session, const RpcWireHeader& command,
-                                  CommandType type) {
+status_t RpcState::processCommand(
+        const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+        const RpcWireHeader& command, CommandType type,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds) {
+#ifdef BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
     IPCThreadState* kernelBinderState = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
     IPCThreadState::SpGuard spGuard{
             .address = __builtin_frame_address(0),
-            .context = "processing binder RPC command",
+            .context = "processing binder RPC command (where RpcServer::setPerSessionRootObject is "
+                       "used to distinguish callers)",
     };
     const IPCThreadState::SpGuard* origGuard;
     if (kernelBinderState != nullptr) {
         origGuard = kernelBinderState->pushGetCallingSpGuard(&spGuard);
     }
-    ScopeGuard guardUnguard = [&]() {
+
+    base::ScopeGuard guardUnguard = [&]() {
         if (kernelBinderState != nullptr) {
             kernelBinderState->restoreGetCallingSpGuard(origGuard);
         }
     };
+#endif // BINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC
 
     switch (command.command) {
         case RPC_COMMAND_TRANSACT:
             if (type != CommandType::ANY) return BAD_TYPE;
-            return processTransact(connection, session, command);
+            return processTransact(connection, session, command, std::move(ancillaryFds));
         case RPC_COMMAND_DEC_STRONG:
             return processDecStrong(connection, session, command);
     }
@@ -710,8 +768,10 @@
     (void)session->shutdownAndWait(false);
     return DEAD_OBJECT;
 }
-status_t RpcState::processTransact(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                   const sp<RpcSession>& session, const RpcWireHeader& command) {
+status_t RpcState::processTransact(
+        const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+        const RpcWireHeader& command,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds) {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(command.command != RPC_COMMAND_TRANSACT, "command: %d", command.command);
 
     CommandData transactionData(command.bodySize);
@@ -719,10 +779,12 @@
         return NO_MEMORY;
     }
     iovec iov{transactionData.data(), transactionData.size()};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "transaction body", &iov, 1); status != OK)
+    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "transaction body", &iov, 1, nullptr);
+        status != OK)
         return status;
 
-    return processTransactInternal(connection, session, std::move(transactionData));
+    return processTransactInternal(connection, session, std::move(transactionData),
+                                   std::move(ancillaryFds));
 }
 
 static void do_nothing_to_transact_data(Parcel* p, const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
@@ -734,9 +796,10 @@
     (void)objectsCount;
 }
 
-status_t RpcState::processTransactInternal(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                           const sp<RpcSession>& session,
-                                           CommandData transactionData) {
+status_t RpcState::processTransactInternal(
+        const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+        CommandData transactionData,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds) {
     // for 'recursive' calls to this, we have already read and processed the
     // binder from the transaction data and taken reference counts into account,
     // so it is cached here.
@@ -780,7 +843,7 @@
             (void)session->shutdownAndWait(false);
             replyStatus = BAD_VALUE;
         } else if (oneway) {
-            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+            RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
             auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(addr);
             if (it->second.binder.promote() != target) {
                 ALOGE("Binder became invalid during transaction. Bad client? %" PRIu64, addr);
@@ -824,54 +887,78 @@
     reply.markForRpc(session);
 
     if (replyStatus == OK) {
+        Span<const uint8_t> parcelSpan = {transaction->data,
+                                          transactionData.size() -
+                                                  offsetof(RpcWireTransaction, data)};
+        Span<const uint32_t> objectTableSpan;
+        if (session->getProtocolVersion().value() >
+            RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_RPC_HEADER_FEATURE_EXPLICIT_PARCEL_SIZE) {
+            Span<const uint8_t> objectTableBytes = parcelSpan.splitOff(transaction->parcelDataSize);
+            std::optional<Span<const uint32_t>> maybeSpan =
+                    objectTableBytes.reinterpret<const uint32_t>();
+            if (!maybeSpan.has_value()) {
+                ALOGE("Bad object table size inferred from RpcWireTransaction. Saw bodySize=%zu "
+                      "sizeofHeader=%zu parcelSize=%" PRId32
+                      " objectTableBytesSize=%zu. Terminating!",
+                      transactionData.size(), sizeof(RpcWireTransaction),
+                      transaction->parcelDataSize, objectTableBytes.size);
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+            objectTableSpan = *maybeSpan;
+        }
+
         Parcel data;
         // transaction->data is owned by this function. Parcel borrows this data and
         // only holds onto it for the duration of this function call. Parcel will be
         // deleted before the 'transactionData' object.
-        data.ipcSetDataReference(transaction->data,
-                                 transactionData.size() - offsetof(RpcWireTransaction, data),
-                                 nullptr /*object*/, 0 /*objectCount*/,
-                                 do_nothing_to_transact_data);
-        data.markForRpc(session);
 
-        if (target) {
-            bool origAllowNested = connection->allowNested;
-            connection->allowNested = !oneway;
+        replyStatus =
+                data.rpcSetDataReference(session, parcelSpan.data, parcelSpan.size,
+                                         objectTableSpan.data, objectTableSpan.size,
+                                         std::move(ancillaryFds), do_nothing_to_transact_data);
+        // Reset to avoid spurious use-after-move warning from clang-tidy.
+        ancillaryFds = std::remove_reference<decltype(ancillaryFds)>::type();
 
-            replyStatus = target->transact(transaction->code, data, &reply, transaction->flags);
+        if (replyStatus == OK) {
+            if (target) {
+                bool origAllowNested = connection->allowNested;
+                connection->allowNested = !oneway;
 
-            connection->allowNested = origAllowNested;
-        } else {
-            LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Got special transaction %u", transaction->code);
+                replyStatus = target->transact(transaction->code, data, &reply, transaction->flags);
 
-            switch (transaction->code) {
-                case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_MAX_THREADS: {
-                    replyStatus = reply.writeInt32(session->getMaxIncomingThreads());
-                    break;
-                }
-                case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_SESSION_ID: {
-                    // for client connections, this should always report the value
-                    // originally returned from the server, so this is asserting
-                    // that it exists
-                    replyStatus = reply.writeByteVector(session->mId);
-                    break;
-                }
-                default: {
-                    sp<RpcServer> server = session->server();
-                    if (server) {
-                        switch (transaction->code) {
-                            case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_ROOT: {
-                                sp<IBinder> root = session->mSessionSpecificRootObject
-                                        ?: server->getRootObject();
-                                replyStatus = reply.writeStrongBinder(root);
-                                break;
+                connection->allowNested = origAllowNested;
+            } else {
+                LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Got special transaction %u", transaction->code);
+
+                switch (transaction->code) {
+                    case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_MAX_THREADS: {
+                        replyStatus = reply.writeInt32(session->getMaxIncomingThreads());
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_SESSION_ID: {
+                        // for client connections, this should always report the value
+                        // originally returned from the server, so this is asserting
+                        // that it exists
+                        replyStatus = reply.writeByteVector(session->mId);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default: {
+                        sp<RpcServer> server = session->server();
+                        if (server) {
+                            switch (transaction->code) {
+                                case RPC_SPECIAL_TRANSACT_GET_ROOT: {
+                                    sp<IBinder> root = session->mSessionSpecificRootObject
+                                            ?: server->getRootObject();
+                                    replyStatus = reply.writeStrongBinder(root);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                                default: {
+                                    replyStatus = UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
+                                }
                             }
-                            default: {
-                                replyStatus = UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
-                            }
+                        } else {
+                            ALOGE("Special command sent, but no server object attached.");
                         }
-                    } else {
-                        ALOGE("Special command sent, but no server object attached.");
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -897,7 +984,7 @@
         // downside: asynchronous transactions may drown out synchronous
         // transactions.
         {
-            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+            RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
             auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(addr);
             // last refcount dropped after this transaction happened
             if (it == mNodeForAddress.end()) return OK;
@@ -943,49 +1030,69 @@
         replyStatus = flushExcessBinderRefs(session, addr, target);
     }
 
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max() - sizeof(RpcWireHeader) -
-                                        sizeof(RpcWireReply) <
-                                reply.dataSize(),
-                        "Too much data for reply %zu", reply.dataSize());
+    std::string errorMsg;
+    if (status_t status = validateParcel(session, reply, &errorMsg); status != OK) {
+        ALOGE("Reply Parcel failed validation: %s", errorMsg.c_str());
+        // Forward the error to the client of the transaction.
+        reply.freeData();
+        reply.markForRpc(session);
+        replyStatus = status;
+    }
 
+    auto* rpcFields = reply.maybeRpcFields();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(rpcFields == nullptr);
+
+    const size_t rpcReplyWireSize = RpcWireReply::wireSize(session->getProtocolVersion().value());
+
+    Span<const uint32_t> objectTableSpan = Span<const uint32_t>{rpcFields->mObjectPositions.data(),
+                                                                rpcFields->mObjectPositions.size()};
+
+    uint32_t bodySize;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(__builtin_add_overflow(rpcReplyWireSize, reply.dataSize(), &bodySize) ||
+                                __builtin_add_overflow(objectTableSpan.byteSize(), bodySize,
+                                                       &bodySize),
+                        "Too much data for reply %zu", reply.dataSize());
     RpcWireHeader cmdReply{
             .command = RPC_COMMAND_REPLY,
-            .bodySize = static_cast<uint32_t>(sizeof(RpcWireReply) + reply.dataSize()),
+            .bodySize = bodySize,
     };
     RpcWireReply rpcReply{
             .status = replyStatus,
+            // NOTE: Not necessarily written to socket depending on session
+            // version.
+            // NOTE: bodySize didn't overflow => this cast is safe
+            .parcelDataSize = static_cast<uint32_t>(reply.dataSize()),
+            .reserved = {0, 0, 0},
     };
-
     iovec iovs[]{
             {&cmdReply, sizeof(RpcWireHeader)},
-            {&rpcReply, sizeof(RpcWireReply)},
+            {&rpcReply, rpcReplyWireSize},
             {const_cast<uint8_t*>(reply.data()), reply.dataSize()},
+            objectTableSpan.toIovec(),
     };
-    return rpcSend(connection, session, "reply", iovs, arraysize(iovs));
+    return rpcSend(connection, session, "reply", iovs, arraysize(iovs), std::nullopt,
+                   rpcFields->mFds.get());
 }
 
 status_t RpcState::processDecStrong(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                     const sp<RpcSession>& session, const RpcWireHeader& command) {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(command.command != RPC_COMMAND_DEC_STRONG, "command: %d", command.command);
 
-    CommandData commandData(command.bodySize);
-    if (!commandData.valid()) {
-        return NO_MEMORY;
-    }
-    iovec iov{commandData.data(), commandData.size()};
-    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "dec ref body", &iov, 1); status != OK)
-        return status;
-
     if (command.bodySize != sizeof(RpcDecStrong)) {
         ALOGE("Expecting %zu but got %" PRId32 " bytes for RpcDecStrong. Terminating!",
               sizeof(RpcDecStrong), command.bodySize);
         (void)session->shutdownAndWait(false);
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    RpcDecStrong* body = reinterpret_cast<RpcDecStrong*>(commandData.data());
 
-    uint64_t addr = RpcWireAddress::toRaw(body->address);
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(mNodeMutex);
+    RpcDecStrong body;
+    iovec iov{&body, sizeof(RpcDecStrong)};
+    if (status_t status = rpcRec(connection, session, "dec ref body", &iov, 1, nullptr);
+        status != OK)
+        return status;
+
+    uint64_t addr = RpcWireAddress::toRaw(body.address);
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mNodeMutex);
     auto it = mNodeForAddress.find(addr);
     if (it == mNodeForAddress.end()) {
         ALOGE("Unknown binder address %" PRIu64 " for dec strong.", addr);
@@ -1002,19 +1109,19 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    if (it->second.timesSent < body->amount) {
+    if (it->second.timesSent < body.amount) {
         ALOGE("Record of sending binder %zu times, but requested decStrong for %" PRIu64 " of %u",
-              it->second.timesSent, addr, body->amount);
+              it->second.timesSent, addr, body.amount);
         return OK;
     }
 
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(it->second.sentRef == nullptr, "Inconsistent state, lost ref for %" PRIu64,
                         addr);
 
-    LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Processing dec strong of %" PRIu64 " by %u from %zu", addr, body->amount,
+    LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Processing dec strong of %" PRIu64 " by %u from %zu", addr, body.amount,
                    it->second.timesSent);
 
-    it->second.timesSent -= body->amount;
+    it->second.timesSent -= body.amount;
     sp<IBinder> tempHold = tryEraseNode(it);
     _l.unlock();
     tempHold = nullptr; // destructor may make binder calls on this session
@@ -1022,6 +1129,50 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t RpcState::validateParcel(const sp<RpcSession>& session, const Parcel& parcel,
+                                  std::string* errorMsg) {
+    auto* rpcFields = parcel.maybeRpcFields();
+    if (rpcFields == nullptr) {
+        *errorMsg = "Parcel not crafted for RPC call";
+        return BAD_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    if (rpcFields->mSession != session) {
+        *errorMsg = "Parcel's session doesn't match";
+        return BAD_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t protocolVersion = session->getProtocolVersion().value();
+    if (protocolVersion < RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_RPC_HEADER_FEATURE_EXPLICIT_PARCEL_SIZE &&
+        !rpcFields->mObjectPositions.empty()) {
+        *errorMsg = StringPrintf("Parcel has attached objects but the session's protocol version "
+                                 "(%" PRIu32 ") is too old, must be at least %" PRIu32,
+                                 protocolVersion,
+                                 RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_RPC_HEADER_FEATURE_EXPLICIT_PARCEL_SIZE);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if (rpcFields->mFds && !rpcFields->mFds->empty()) {
+        switch (session->getFileDescriptorTransportMode()) {
+            case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE:
+                *errorMsg =
+                        "Parcel has file descriptors, but no file descriptor transport is enabled";
+                return FDS_NOT_ALLOWED;
+            case RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX: {
+                constexpr size_t kMaxFdsPerMsg = 253;
+                if (rpcFields->mFds->size() > kMaxFdsPerMsg) {
+                    *errorMsg = StringPrintf("Too many file descriptors in Parcel for unix "
+                                             "domain socket: %zu (max is %zu)",
+                                             rpcFields->mFds->size(), kMaxFdsPerMsg);
+                    return BAD_VALUE;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 sp<IBinder> RpcState::tryEraseNode(std::map<uint64_t, BinderNode>::iterator& it) {
     sp<IBinder> ref;
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcState.h b/libs/binder/RpcState.h
index f4a0894..6fb2e4a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcState.h
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcState.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <binder/IBinder.h>
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
 #include <binder/RpcSession.h>
+#include <binder/RpcThreads.h>
 
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
@@ -178,28 +179,39 @@
         size_t mSize;
     };
 
-    [[nodiscard]] status_t rpcSend(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                   const sp<RpcSession>& session, const char* what, iovec* iovs,
-                                   int niovs, const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll = nullptr);
-    [[nodiscard]] status_t rpcRec(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                  const sp<RpcSession>& session, const char* what, iovec* iovs,
-                                  int niovs);
+    [[nodiscard]] status_t rpcSend(
+            const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+            const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+            const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds =
+                    nullptr);
+    [[nodiscard]] status_t rpcRec(
+            const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+            const char* what, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds = nullptr);
 
     [[nodiscard]] status_t waitForReply(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                         const sp<RpcSession>& session, Parcel* reply);
-    [[nodiscard]] status_t processCommand(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                          const sp<RpcSession>& session,
-                                          const RpcWireHeader& command, CommandType type);
-    [[nodiscard]] status_t processTransact(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                           const sp<RpcSession>& session,
-                                           const RpcWireHeader& command);
-    [[nodiscard]] status_t processTransactInternal(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
-                                                   const sp<RpcSession>& session,
-                                                   CommandData transactionData);
+    [[nodiscard]] status_t processCommand(
+            const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+            const RpcWireHeader& command, CommandType type,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds);
+    [[nodiscard]] status_t processTransact(
+            const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+            const RpcWireHeader& command,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds);
+    [[nodiscard]] status_t processTransactInternal(
+            const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection, const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+            CommandData transactionData,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds);
     [[nodiscard]] status_t processDecStrong(const sp<RpcSession::RpcConnection>& connection,
                                             const sp<RpcSession>& session,
                                             const RpcWireHeader& command);
 
+    // Whether `parcel` is compatible with `session`.
+    [[nodiscard]] static status_t validateParcel(const sp<RpcSession>& session,
+                                                 const Parcel& parcel, std::string* errorMsg);
+
     struct BinderNode {
         // Two cases:
         // A - local binder we are serving
@@ -257,7 +269,7 @@
     // false - session shutdown, halt
     [[nodiscard]] bool nodeProgressAsyncNumber(BinderNode* node);
 
-    std::mutex mNodeMutex;
+    RpcMutex mNodeMutex;
     bool mTerminated = false;
     uint32_t mNextId = 0;
     // binders known by both sides of a session
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
index 7cfc780..7cc58cd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <log/log.h>
 
 #include <poll.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
 
 #include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
 
@@ -28,30 +29,37 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+// Linux kernel supports up to 253 (from SCM_MAX_FD) for unix sockets.
+constexpr size_t kMaxFdsPerMsg = 253;
+
 // RpcTransport with TLS disabled.
 class RpcTransportRaw : public RpcTransport {
 public:
     explicit RpcTransportRaw(android::base::unique_fd socket) : mSocket(std::move(socket)) {}
-    status_t peek(void* buf, size_t size, size_t* out_size) override {
-        ssize_t ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::recv(mSocket.get(), buf, size, MSG_PEEK));
+    status_t pollRead(void) override {
+        uint8_t buf;
+        ssize_t ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+                ::recv(mSocket.get(), &buf, sizeof(buf), MSG_PEEK | MSG_DONTWAIT));
         if (ret < 0) {
             int savedErrno = errno;
             if (savedErrno == EAGAIN || savedErrno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
                 return WOULD_BLOCK;
             }
 
-            LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcTransport peek(): %s", strerror(savedErrno));
+            LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcTransport poll(): %s", strerror(savedErrno));
             return -savedErrno;
+        } else if (ret == 0) {
+            return DEAD_OBJECT;
         }
 
-        *out_size = static_cast<size_t>(ret);
         return OK;
     }
 
     template <typename SendOrReceive>
-    status_t interruptableReadOrWrite(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                      SendOrReceive sendOrReceiveFun, const char* funName,
-                                      int16_t event, const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+    status_t interruptableReadOrWrite(
+            FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs, SendOrReceive sendOrReceiveFun,
+            const char* funName, int16_t event,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll) {
         MAYBE_WAIT_IN_FLAKE_MODE;
 
         if (niovs < 0) {
@@ -81,15 +89,7 @@
 
         bool havePolled = false;
         while (true) {
-            msghdr msg{
-                    .msg_iov = iovs,
-                    // posix uses int, glibc uses size_t.  niovs is a
-                    // non-negative int and can be cast to either.
-                    .msg_iovlen = static_cast<decltype(msg.msg_iovlen)>(niovs),
-            };
-            ssize_t processSize =
-                    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(sendOrReceiveFun(mSocket.get(), &msg, MSG_NOSIGNAL));
-
+            ssize_t processSize = sendOrReceiveFun(iovs, niovs);
             if (processSize < 0) {
                 int savedErrno = errno;
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
             }
 
             if (altPoll) {
-                if (status_t status = altPoll(); status != OK) return status;
+                if (status_t status = (*altPoll)(); status != OK) return status;
                 if (fdTrigger->isTriggered()) {
                     return DEAD_OBJECT;
                 }
@@ -139,16 +139,123 @@
         }
     }
 
-    status_t interruptableWriteFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                     const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) override {
-        return interruptableReadOrWrite(fdTrigger, iovs, niovs, sendmsg, "sendmsg", POLLOUT,
-                                        altPoll);
+    status_t interruptableWriteFully(
+            FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+            const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds)
+            override {
+        bool sentFds = false;
+        auto send = [&](iovec* iovs, int niovs) -> ssize_t {
+            if (ancillaryFds != nullptr && !ancillaryFds->empty() && !sentFds) {
+                if (ancillaryFds->size() > kMaxFdsPerMsg) {
+                    // This shouldn't happen because we check the FD count in RpcState.
+                    ALOGE("Saw too many file descriptors in RpcTransportCtxRaw: %zu (max is %zu). "
+                          "Aborting session.",
+                          ancillaryFds->size(), kMaxFdsPerMsg);
+                    errno = EINVAL;
+                    return -1;
+                }
+
+                // CMSG_DATA is not necessarily aligned, so we copy the FDs into a buffer and then
+                // use memcpy.
+                int fds[kMaxFdsPerMsg];
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < ancillaryFds->size(); i++) {
+                    fds[i] = std::visit([](const auto& fd) { return fd.get(); },
+                                        ancillaryFds->at(i));
+                }
+                const size_t fdsByteSize = sizeof(int) * ancillaryFds->size();
+
+                alignas(struct cmsghdr) char msgControlBuf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * kMaxFdsPerMsg)];
+
+                msghdr msg{
+                        .msg_iov = iovs,
+                        .msg_iovlen = static_cast<decltype(msg.msg_iovlen)>(niovs),
+                        .msg_control = msgControlBuf,
+                        .msg_controllen = sizeof(msgControlBuf),
+                };
+
+                cmsghdr* cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
+                cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
+                cmsg->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
+                cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(fdsByteSize);
+                memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsg), fds, fdsByteSize);
+
+                msg.msg_controllen = CMSG_SPACE(fdsByteSize);
+
+                ssize_t processedSize = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+                        sendmsg(mSocket.get(), &msg, MSG_NOSIGNAL | MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC));
+                if (processedSize > 0) {
+                    sentFds = true;
+                }
+                return processedSize;
+            }
+
+            msghdr msg{
+                    .msg_iov = iovs,
+                    // posix uses int, glibc uses size_t.  niovs is a
+                    // non-negative int and can be cast to either.
+                    .msg_iovlen = static_cast<decltype(msg.msg_iovlen)>(niovs),
+            };
+            return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(sendmsg(mSocket.get(), &msg, MSG_NOSIGNAL));
+        };
+        return interruptableReadOrWrite(fdTrigger, iovs, niovs, send, "sendmsg", POLLOUT, altPoll);
     }
 
-    status_t interruptableReadFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                    const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) override {
-        return interruptableReadOrWrite(fdTrigger, iovs, niovs, recvmsg, "recvmsg", POLLIN,
-                                        altPoll);
+    status_t interruptableReadFully(
+            FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) override {
+        auto recv = [&](iovec* iovs, int niovs) -> ssize_t {
+            if (ancillaryFds != nullptr) {
+                int fdBuffer[kMaxFdsPerMsg];
+                alignas(struct cmsghdr) char msgControlBuf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(fdBuffer))];
+
+                msghdr msg{
+                        .msg_iov = iovs,
+                        .msg_iovlen = static_cast<decltype(msg.msg_iovlen)>(niovs),
+                        .msg_control = msgControlBuf,
+                        .msg_controllen = sizeof(msgControlBuf),
+                };
+                ssize_t processSize =
+                        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(recvmsg(mSocket.get(), &msg, MSG_NOSIGNAL));
+                if (processSize < 0) {
+                    return -1;
+                }
+
+                for (cmsghdr* cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg != nullptr;
+                     cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {
+                    if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS) {
+                        // NOTE: It is tempting to reinterpret_cast, but cmsg(3) explicitly asks
+                        // application devs to memcpy the data to ensure memory alignment.
+                        size_t dataLen = cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0);
+                        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(dataLen > sizeof(fdBuffer)); // sanity check
+                        memcpy(fdBuffer, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), dataLen);
+                        size_t fdCount = dataLen / sizeof(int);
+                        ancillaryFds->reserve(ancillaryFds->size() + fdCount);
+                        for (size_t i = 0; i < fdCount; i++) {
+                            ancillaryFds->emplace_back(base::unique_fd(fdBuffer[i]));
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (msg.msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC) {
+                    ALOGE("msg was truncated. Aborting session.");
+                    errno = EPIPE;
+                    return -1;
+                }
+
+                return processSize;
+            }
+            msghdr msg{
+                    .msg_iov = iovs,
+                    // posix uses int, glibc uses size_t.  niovs is a
+                    // non-negative int and can be cast to either.
+                    .msg_iovlen = static_cast<decltype(msg.msg_iovlen)>(niovs),
+            };
+            return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(recvmsg(mSocket.get(), &msg, MSG_NOSIGNAL));
+        };
+        return interruptableReadOrWrite(fdTrigger, iovs, niovs, recv, "recvmsg", POLLIN, altPoll);
     }
 
 private:
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
index bc68c37..09b5c17 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
@@ -181,9 +181,10 @@
     // |sslError| should be from Ssl::getError().
     // If |sslError| is WANT_READ / WANT_WRITE, poll for POLLIN / POLLOUT respectively. Otherwise
     // return error. Also return error if |fdTrigger| is triggered before or during poll().
-    status_t pollForSslError(android::base::borrowed_fd fd, int sslError, FdTrigger* fdTrigger,
-                             const char* fnString, int additionalEvent,
-                             const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+    status_t pollForSslError(
+            android::base::borrowed_fd fd, int sslError, FdTrigger* fdTrigger, const char* fnString,
+            int additionalEvent,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll) {
         switch (sslError) {
             case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
                 return handlePoll(POLLIN | additionalEvent, fd, fdTrigger, fnString, altPoll);
@@ -198,10 +199,11 @@
     bool mHandled = false;
 
     status_t handlePoll(int event, android::base::borrowed_fd fd, FdTrigger* fdTrigger,
-                        const char* fnString, const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+                        const char* fnString,
+                        const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll) {
         status_t ret;
         if (altPoll) {
-            ret = altPoll();
+            ret = (*altPoll)();
             if (fdTrigger->isTriggered()) ret = DEAD_OBJECT;
         } else {
             ret = fdTrigger->triggerablePoll(fd, event);
@@ -277,11 +279,16 @@
 public:
     RpcTransportTls(android::base::unique_fd socket, Ssl ssl)
           : mSocket(std::move(socket)), mSsl(std::move(ssl)) {}
-    status_t peek(void* buf, size_t size, size_t* out_size) override;
-    status_t interruptableWriteFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                     const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) override;
-    status_t interruptableReadFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                    const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) override;
+    status_t pollRead(void) override;
+    status_t interruptableWriteFully(
+            FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+            const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds)
+            override;
+    status_t interruptableReadFully(
+            FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) override;
 
 private:
     android::base::unique_fd mSocket;
@@ -289,9 +296,9 @@
 };
 
 // Error code is errno.
-status_t RpcTransportTls::peek(void* buf, size_t size, size_t* out_size) {
-    size_t todo = std::min<size_t>(size, std::numeric_limits<int>::max());
-    auto [ret, errorQueue] = mSsl.call(SSL_peek, buf, static_cast<int>(todo));
+status_t RpcTransportTls::pollRead(void) {
+    uint8_t buf;
+    auto [ret, errorQueue] = mSsl.call(SSL_peek, &buf, sizeof(buf));
     if (ret < 0) {
         int err = mSsl.getError(ret);
         if (err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE || err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
@@ -304,12 +311,15 @@
     }
     errorQueue.clear();
     LOG_TLS_DETAIL("TLS: Peeked %d bytes!", ret);
-    *out_size = static_cast<size_t>(ret);
     return OK;
 }
 
-status_t RpcTransportTls::interruptableWriteFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                                  const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+status_t RpcTransportTls::interruptableWriteFully(
+        FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+        const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+        const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) {
+    (void)ancillaryFds;
+
     MAYBE_WAIT_IN_FLAKE_MODE;
 
     if (niovs < 0) return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -350,8 +360,12 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-status_t RpcTransportTls::interruptableReadFully(FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
-                                                 const std::function<status_t()>& altPoll) {
+status_t RpcTransportTls::interruptableReadFully(
+        FdTrigger* fdTrigger, iovec* iovs, int niovs,
+        const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>>& altPoll,
+        std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>* ancillaryFds) {
+    (void)ancillaryFds;
+
     MAYBE_WAIT_IN_FLAKE_MODE;
 
     if (niovs < 0) return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -416,8 +430,8 @@
             return false;
         }
         int sslError = ssl->getError(ret);
-        status_t pollStatus =
-                errorQueue.pollForSslError(fd, sslError, fdTrigger, "SSL_do_handshake", 0, {});
+        status_t pollStatus = errorQueue.pollForSslError(fd, sslError, fdTrigger,
+                                                         "SSL_do_handshake", 0, std::nullopt);
         if (pollStatus != OK) return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h b/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
index 171550e..ff1b01a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@
 struct RpcConnectionHeader {
     uint32_t version; // maximum supported by caller
     uint8_t options;
-    uint8_t reservered[9];
+    uint8_t fileDescriptorTransportMode;
+    uint8_t reservered[8];
     // Follows is sessionIdSize bytes.
     // if size is 0, this is requesting a new session.
     uint16_t sessionIdSize;
@@ -108,6 +109,10 @@
 
 // serialization is like:
 // |RpcWireHeader|struct desginated by 'command'| (over and over again)
+//
+// When file descriptors are included in out-of-band data (e.g. in unix domain
+// sockets), they are always paired with the RpcWireHeader bytes of the
+// transaction or reply the file descriptors belong to.
 
 struct RpcWireHeader {
     uint32_t command; // RPC_COMMAND_*
@@ -131,7 +136,10 @@
 
     uint64_t asyncNumber;
 
-    uint32_t reserved[4];
+    // The size of the Parcel data directly following RpcWireTransaction.
+    uint32_t parcelDataSize;
+
+    uint32_t reserved[3];
 
     uint8_t data[];
 };
@@ -139,9 +147,23 @@
 
 struct RpcWireReply {
     int32_t status; // transact return
-    uint8_t data[];
+
+    // -- Fields below only transmitted starting at protocol version 1 --
+
+    // The size of the Parcel data directly following RpcWireReply.
+    uint32_t parcelDataSize;
+
+    uint32_t reserved[3];
+
+    // Byte size of RpcWireReply in the wire protocol.
+    static size_t wireSize(uint32_t protocolVersion) {
+        if (protocolVersion == 0) {
+            return sizeof(int32_t);
+        }
+        return sizeof(RpcWireReply);
+    }
 };
-static_assert(sizeof(RpcWireReply) == 4);
+static_assert(sizeof(RpcWireReply) == 20);
 
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/Status.cpp b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
index 83b97d0..dba6587 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Status.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
@@ -139,6 +139,9 @@
     mMessage = String8(message.value_or(String16()));
 
     // Skip over the remote stack trace data
+    const size_t remote_start = parcel.dataPosition();
+    // Get available size before reading more
+    const size_t remote_avail = parcel.dataAvail();
     int32_t remote_stack_trace_header_size;
     status = parcel.readInt32(&remote_stack_trace_header_size);
     if (status != OK) {
@@ -146,13 +149,16 @@
         return status;
     }
     if (remote_stack_trace_header_size < 0 ||
-        static_cast<size_t>(remote_stack_trace_header_size) > parcel.dataAvail()) {
+        static_cast<size_t>(remote_stack_trace_header_size) > remote_avail) {
 
         android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "132650049");
         setFromStatusT(UNKNOWN_ERROR);
         return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
     }
-    parcel.setDataPosition(parcel.dataPosition() + remote_stack_trace_header_size);
+
+    if (remote_stack_trace_header_size != 0) {
+        parcel.setDataPosition(remote_start + remote_stack_trace_header_size);
+    }
 
     if (mException == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
         status = parcel.readInt32(&mErrorCode);
diff --git a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
index ebb0d27..c91d56c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -28,9 +28,6 @@
       "name": "binderLibTest"
     },
     {
-      "name": "binderRpcTest"
-    },
-    {
       "name": "binderStabilityTest"
     },
     {
@@ -83,5 +80,24 @@
     {
       "name": "rustBinderSerializationTest"
     }
+  ],
+  "presubmit-large": [
+    {
+      "name": "binderRpcTest"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "binderRpcTestNoKernel"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "binderRpcTestSingleThreaded"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "binderRpcTestSingleThreadedNoKernel"
+    }
+  ],
+  "hwasan-presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "binderLibTest"
+    }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/Utils.cpp b/libs/binder/Utils.cpp
index d2a5be1..0314b0f 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Utils.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Utils.cpp
@@ -18,24 +18,10 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
-using android::base::ErrnoError;
-using android::base::Result;
-
 namespace android {
 
 void zeroMemory(uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
     memset(data, 0, size);
 }
 
-Result<void> setNonBlocking(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
-    int flags = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd.get(), F_GETFL));
-    if (flags == -1) {
-        return ErrnoError() << "Could not get flags for fd";
-    }
-    if (int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(fd.get(), F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK)); ret == -1) {
-        return ErrnoError() << "Could not set non-blocking flag for fd";
-    }
-    return {};
-}
-
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/Utils.h b/libs/binder/Utils.h
index ff2fad8..7c6d6f1 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/Utils.h
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <cstdint>
 #include <stddef.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
 
-#include <android-base/result.h>
-#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <utils/Errors.h>
 
 #define TEST_AND_RETURN(value, expr)            \
     do {                                        \
@@ -34,6 +35,37 @@
 // avoid optimizations
 void zeroMemory(uint8_t* data, size_t size);
 
-android::base::Result<void> setNonBlocking(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+// View of contiguous sequence. Similar to std::span.
+template <typename T>
+struct Span {
+    T* data = nullptr;
+    size_t size = 0;
+
+    size_t byteSize() { return size * sizeof(T); }
+
+    iovec toIovec() { return {const_cast<std::remove_const_t<T>*>(data), byteSize()}; }
+
+    // Truncates `this` to a length of `offset` and returns a span with the
+    // remainder.
+    //
+    // Aborts if offset > size.
+    Span<T> splitOff(size_t offset) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(offset > size);
+        Span<T> rest = {data + offset, size - offset};
+        size = offset;
+        return rest;
+    }
+
+    // Returns nullopt if the byte size of `this` isn't evenly divisible by sizeof(U).
+    template <typename U>
+    std::optional<Span<U>> reinterpret() const {
+        // Only allow casting from bytes for simplicity.
+        static_assert(std::is_same_v<std::remove_const_t<T>, uint8_t>);
+        if (size % sizeof(U) != 0) {
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        return Span<U>{reinterpret_cast<U*>(data), size / sizeof(U)};
+    }
+};
 
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/binder_module.h b/libs/binder/binder_module.h
index 793795e..7574c29 100644
--- a/libs/binder/binder_module.h
+++ b/libs/binder/binder_module.h
@@ -100,4 +100,23 @@
 #define BINDER_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION _IOW('b', 16, __u32)
 #endif // BINDER_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION
 
+#ifndef BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR
+/* struct binder_extened_error - extended error information
+ * @id:      identifier for the failed operation
+ * @command: command as defined by binder_driver_return_protocol
+ * @param:   parameter holding a negative errno value
+ *
+ * Used with BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR. This extends the error information
+ * returned by the driver upon a failed operation. Userspace can pull this
+ * data to properly handle specific error scenarios.
+ */
+struct binder_extended_error {
+    __u32 id;
+    __u32 command;
+    __s32 param;
+};
+
+#define BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR _IOWR('b', 17, struct binder_extended_error)
+#endif // BINDER_GET_EXTENDED_ERROR
+
 #endif // _BINDER_MODULE_H_
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
index 7067830..9f7e2c8 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@
 public:
     virtual sp<IInterface>      queryLocalInterface(const String16& _descriptor);
     virtual const String16&     getInterfaceDescriptor() const;
+    typedef INTERFACE BaseInterface;
 
 protected:
-    typedef INTERFACE           BaseInterface;
     virtual IBinder*            onAsBinder();
 };
 
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@
 {
 public:
     explicit                    BpInterface(const sp<IBinder>& remote);
+    typedef INTERFACE BaseInterface;
 
 protected:
-    typedef INTERFACE           BaseInterface;
     virtual IBinder*            onAsBinder();
 };
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
index bf02099..8ce3bc9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IPCThreadState.h
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 namespace android {
 
+/**
+ * Kernel binder thread state. All operations here refer to kernel binder. This
+ * object is allocated per-thread.
+ */
 class IPCThreadState
 {
 public:
@@ -216,6 +220,7 @@
     static  void                freeBuffer(Parcel* parcel,
                                            const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
                                            const binder_size_t* objects, size_t objectsSize);
+    static  void                logExtendedError();
 
     const   sp<ProcessState>    mProcess;
             Vector<BBinder*>    mPendingStrongDerefs;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
index 15dd28f..c7177bd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/MemoryHeapBase.h
@@ -26,9 +26,10 @@
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-class MemoryHeapBase : public virtual BnMemoryHeap
+class MemoryHeapBase : public BnMemoryHeap
 {
 public:
+    static constexpr auto MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG = 0x00000800;
     enum {
         READ_ONLY = IMemoryHeap::READ_ONLY,
         // memory won't be mapped locally, but will be mapped in the remote
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@
         // Clients of shared files can seal at anytime via syscall, leading to
         // TOC/TOU issues if additional seals prevent access from the creating
         // process. Alternatively, seccomp fcntl().
-        MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING = 0x00000800
+        MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING = FORCE_MEMFD | MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING_FLAG
     };
 
     /*
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
index e2b2c51..91febbd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <map> // for legacy reasons
 #include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
+#include <variant>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
@@ -76,6 +77,11 @@
     size_t              dataCapacity() const;
 
     status_t            setDataSize(size_t size);
+
+    // this must only be used to set a data position that was previously returned from
+    // dataPosition(). If writes are made, the exact same types of writes must be made (e.g.
+    // auto i = p.dataPosition(); p.writeInt32(0); p.setDataPosition(i); p.writeInt32(1);).
+    // Writing over objects, such as file descriptors and binders, is not supported.
     void                setDataPosition(size_t pos) const;
     status_t            setDataCapacity(size_t size);
 
@@ -600,16 +606,25 @@
     size_t              ipcDataSize() const;
     uintptr_t           ipcObjects() const;
     size_t              ipcObjectsCount() const;
-    void                ipcSetDataReference(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
-                                            const binder_size_t* objects, size_t objectsCount,
-                                            release_func relFunc);
+    void ipcSetDataReference(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize, const binder_size_t* objects,
+                             size_t objectsCount, release_func relFunc);
+    // Takes ownership even when an error is returned.
+    status_t rpcSetDataReference(
+            const sp<RpcSession>& session, const uint8_t* data, size_t dataSize,
+            const uint32_t* objectTable, size_t objectTableSize,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>&& ancillaryFds,
+            release_func relFunc);
 
     status_t            finishWrite(size_t len);
     void                releaseObjects();
     void                acquireObjects();
     status_t            growData(size_t len);
+    // Clear the Parcel and set the capacity to `desired`.
+    // Doesn't reset the RPC session association.
     status_t            restartWrite(size_t desired);
+    // Set the capacity to `desired`, truncating the Parcel if necessary.
     status_t            continueWrite(size_t desired);
+    status_t truncateRpcObjects(size_t newObjectsSize);
     status_t            writePointer(uintptr_t val);
     status_t            readPointer(uintptr_t *pArg) const;
     uintptr_t           readPointer() const;
@@ -1169,10 +1184,20 @@
         c->clear(); // must clear before resizing/reserving otherwise move ctors may be called.
         if constexpr (is_pointer_equivalent_array_v<T>) {
             // could consider POD without gaps and alignment of 4.
-            auto data = reinterpret_cast<const T*>(
-                    readInplace(static_cast<size_t>(size) * sizeof(T)));
+            size_t dataLen;
+            if (__builtin_mul_overflow(size, sizeof(T), &dataLen)) {
+                return -EOVERFLOW;
+            }
+            auto data = reinterpret_cast<const T*>(readInplace(dataLen));
             if (data == nullptr) return BAD_VALUE;
-            c->insert(c->begin(), data, data + size); // insert should do a reserve().
+            // std::vector::insert and similar methods will require type-dependent
+            // byte alignment when inserting from a const iterator such as `data`,
+            // e.g. 8 byte alignment for int64_t, and so will not work if `data`
+            // is 4 byte aligned (which is all Parcel guarantees). Copying
+            // the contents into the vector directly, where possible, circumvents
+            // this.
+            c->resize(size);
+            memcpy(c->data(), data, dataLen);
         } else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>
                 || std::is_same_v<T, char16_t>) {
             c->reserve(size); // avoids default initialization
@@ -1247,19 +1272,57 @@
     uint8_t*            mData;
     size_t              mDataSize;
     size_t              mDataCapacity;
-    mutable size_t      mDataPos;
-    binder_size_t*      mObjects;
-    size_t              mObjectsSize;
-    size_t              mObjectsCapacity;
-    mutable size_t      mNextObjectHint;
-    mutable bool        mObjectsSorted;
+    mutable size_t mDataPos;
 
-    mutable bool        mRequestHeaderPresent;
+    // Fields only needed when parcelling for "kernel Binder".
+    struct KernelFields {
+        binder_size_t* mObjects = nullptr;
+        size_t mObjectsSize = 0;
+        size_t mObjectsCapacity = 0;
+        mutable size_t mNextObjectHint = 0;
 
-    mutable size_t      mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition;
+        mutable size_t mWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition = 0;
+        mutable bool mRequestHeaderPresent = false;
 
-    mutable bool        mFdsKnown;
-    mutable bool        mHasFds;
+        mutable bool mObjectsSorted = false;
+        mutable bool mFdsKnown = true;
+        mutable bool mHasFds = false;
+    };
+    // Fields only needed when parcelling for RPC Binder.
+    struct RpcFields {
+        RpcFields(const sp<RpcSession>& session);
+
+        // Should always be non-null.
+        const sp<RpcSession> mSession;
+
+        enum ObjectType : int32_t {
+            TYPE_BINDER_NULL = 0,
+            TYPE_BINDER = 1,
+            // FD to be passed via native transport (Trusty IPC or UNIX domain socket).
+            TYPE_NATIVE_FILE_DESCRIPTOR = 2,
+        };
+
+        // Sorted.
+        std::vector<uint32_t> mObjectPositions;
+
+        // File descriptors referenced by the parcel data. Should be indexed
+        // using the offsets in the parcel data. Don't assume the list is in the
+        // same order as `mObjectPositions`.
+        //
+        // Boxed to save space. Lazy allocated.
+        std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>>> mFds;
+    };
+    std::variant<KernelFields, RpcFields> mVariantFields;
+
+    // Pointer to KernelFields in mVariantFields if present.
+    KernelFields* maybeKernelFields() { return std::get_if<KernelFields>(&mVariantFields); }
+    const KernelFields* maybeKernelFields() const {
+        return std::get_if<KernelFields>(&mVariantFields);
+    }
+    // Pointer to RpcFields in mVariantFields if present.
+    RpcFields* maybeRpcFields() { return std::get_if<RpcFields>(&mVariantFields); }
+    const RpcFields* maybeRpcFields() const { return std::get_if<RpcFields>(&mVariantFields); }
+
     bool                mAllowFds;
 
     // if this parcelable is involved in a secure transaction, force the
@@ -1268,7 +1331,6 @@
 
     release_func        mOwner;
 
-    sp<RpcSession> mSession;
     size_t mReserved;
 
     class Blob {
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
index 675585e..882dfbf 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/ProcessState.h
@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@
 
 class IPCThreadState;
 
+/**
+ * Kernel binder process state. All operations here refer to kernel binder. This
+ * object is allocated per process.
+ */
 class ProcessState : public virtual RefBase {
 public:
     static sp<ProcessState> self();
@@ -84,14 +88,15 @@
     void setCallRestriction(CallRestriction restriction);
 
     /**
-     * Get the max number of threads that the kernel can start.
-     *
-     * Note: this is the lower bound. Additional threads may be started.
+     * Get the max number of threads that have joined the thread pool.
+     * This includes kernel started threads, user joined threads and polling
+     * threads if used.
      */
-    size_t getThreadPoolMaxThreadCount() const;
+    size_t getThreadPoolMaxTotalThreadCount() const;
 
     enum class DriverFeature {
         ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION,
+        EXTENDED_ERROR,
     };
     // Determine whether a feature is supported by the binder driver.
     static bool isDriverFeatureEnabled(const DriverFeature feature);
@@ -132,8 +137,12 @@
     size_t mExecutingThreadsCount;
     // Number of threads calling IPCThreadState::blockUntilThreadAvailable()
     size_t mWaitingForThreads;
-    // Maximum number for binder threads allowed for this process.
+    // Maximum number of lazy threads to be started in the threadpool by the kernel.
     size_t mMaxThreads;
+    // Current number of threads inside the thread pool.
+    size_t mCurrentThreads;
+    // Current number of pooled threads inside the thread pool.
+    size_t mKernelStartedThreads;
     // Time when thread pool was emptied
     int64_t mStarvationStartTimeMs;
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
index 6b31812..9318c27 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <binder/IBinder.h>
 #include <binder/RpcSession.h>
+#include <binder/RpcThreads.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransport.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <utils/RefBase.h>
@@ -114,6 +115,15 @@
     void setProtocolVersion(uint32_t version);
 
     /**
+     * Set the supported transports for sending and receiving file descriptors.
+     *
+     * Clients will propose a mode when connecting. If the mode is not in the
+     * provided list, the connection will be rejected.
+     */
+    void setSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes(
+            const std::vector<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>& modes);
+
+    /**
      * The root object can be retrieved by any client, without any
      * authentication. TODO(b/183988761)
      *
@@ -125,9 +135,17 @@
      */
     void setRootObjectWeak(const wp<IBinder>& binder);
     /**
-     * Allows a root object to be created for each session
+     * Allows a root object to be created for each session.
+     *
+     * Takes one argument: a callable that is invoked once per new session.
+     * The callable takes two arguments: a type-erased pointer to an OS- and
+     * transport-specific address structure, e.g., sockaddr_vm for vsock, and
+     * an integer representing the size in bytes of that structure. The
+     * callable should validate the size, then cast the type-erased pointer
+     * to a pointer to the actual type of the address, e.g., const void* to
+     * const sockaddr_vm*.
      */
-    void setPerSessionRootObject(std::function<sp<IBinder>(const sockaddr*, socklen_t)>&& object);
+    void setPerSessionRootObject(std::function<sp<IBinder>(const void*, size_t)>&& object);
     sp<IBinder> getRootObject();
 
     /**
@@ -177,25 +195,30 @@
     void onSessionAllIncomingThreadsEnded(const sp<RpcSession>& session) override;
     void onSessionIncomingThreadEnded() override;
 
+    static constexpr size_t kRpcAddressSize = 128;
     static void establishConnection(sp<RpcServer>&& server, base::unique_fd clientFd,
-                                    const sockaddr_storage addr, socklen_t addrLen);
+                                    std::array<uint8_t, kRpcAddressSize> addr, size_t addrLen);
     [[nodiscard]] status_t setupSocketServer(const RpcSocketAddress& address);
 
     const std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> mCtx;
     size_t mMaxThreads = 1;
     std::optional<uint32_t> mProtocolVersion;
+    // A mode is supported if the N'th bit is on, where N is the mode enum's value.
+    std::bitset<8> mSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes = std::bitset<8>().set(
+            static_cast<size_t>(RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE));
     base::unique_fd mServer; // socket we are accepting sessions on
 
-    std::mutex mLock; // for below
-    std::unique_ptr<std::thread> mJoinThread;
+    RpcMutex mLock; // for below
+    std::unique_ptr<RpcMaybeThread> mJoinThread;
     bool mJoinThreadRunning = false;
-    std::map<std::thread::id, std::thread> mConnectingThreads;
+    std::map<RpcMaybeThread::id, RpcMaybeThread> mConnectingThreads;
+
     sp<IBinder> mRootObject;
     wp<IBinder> mRootObjectWeak;
-    std::function<sp<IBinder>(const sockaddr*, socklen_t)> mRootObjectFactory;
+    std::function<sp<IBinder>(const void*, size_t)> mRootObjectFactory;
     std::map<std::vector<uint8_t>, sp<RpcSession>> mSessions;
     std::unique_ptr<FdTrigger> mShutdownTrigger;
-    std::condition_variable mShutdownCv;
+    RpcConditionVariable mShutdownCv;
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
index a579442..a2b28db 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
@@ -15,15 +15,16 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 
+#include <android-base/threads.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <binder/IBinder.h>
+#include <binder/RpcThreads.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransport.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <utils/RefBase.h>
 
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
-#include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -37,7 +38,13 @@
 
 constexpr uint32_t RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_NEXT = 1;
 constexpr uint32_t RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL = 0xF0000000;
-constexpr uint32_t RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION = 0;
+constexpr uint32_t RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION = RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL;
+
+// Starting with this version:
+//
+// * RpcWireReply is larger (4 bytes -> 20).
+// * RpcWireTransaction and RpcWireReplyV1 include the parcel data size.
+constexpr uint32_t RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_RPC_HEADER_FEATURE_EXPLICIT_PARCEL_SIZE = 1;
 
 /**
  * This represents a session (group of connections) between a client
@@ -88,6 +95,18 @@
     [[nodiscard]] bool setProtocolVersion(uint32_t version);
     std::optional<uint32_t> getProtocolVersion();
 
+    enum class FileDescriptorTransportMode : uint8_t {
+        NONE = 0,
+        // Send file descriptors via unix domain socket ancillary data.
+        UNIX = 1,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Set the transport for sending and receiving file descriptors.
+     */
+    void setFileDescriptorTransportMode(FileDescriptorTransportMode mode);
+    FileDescriptorTransportMode getFileDescriptorTransportMode();
+
     /**
      * This should be called once per thread, matching 'join' in the remote
      * process.
@@ -199,10 +218,10 @@
     public:
         void onSessionAllIncomingThreadsEnded(const sp<RpcSession>& session) override;
         void onSessionIncomingThreadEnded() override;
-        void waitForShutdown(std::unique_lock<std::mutex>& lock, const sp<RpcSession>& session);
+        void waitForShutdown(RpcMutexUniqueLock& lock, const sp<RpcSession>& session);
 
     private:
-        std::condition_variable mCv;
+        RpcConditionVariable mCv;
     };
     friend WaitForShutdownListener;
 
@@ -211,7 +230,7 @@
 
         // whether this or another thread is currently using this fd to make
         // or receive transactions.
-        std::optional<pid_t> exclusiveTid;
+        std::optional<uint64_t> exclusiveTid;
 
         bool allowNested = false;
     };
@@ -225,7 +244,7 @@
     //
     // transfer ownership of thread (usually done while a lock is taken on the
     // structure which originally owns the thread)
-    void preJoinThreadOwnership(std::thread thread);
+    void preJoinThreadOwnership(RpcMaybeThread thread);
     // pass FD to thread and read initial connection information
     struct PreJoinSetupResult {
         // Server connection object associated with this
@@ -257,6 +276,7 @@
     sp<RpcConnection> assignIncomingConnectionToThisThread(
             std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> rpcTransport);
     [[nodiscard]] bool removeIncomingConnection(const sp<RpcConnection>& connection);
+    void clearConnectionTid(const sp<RpcConnection>& connection);
 
     [[nodiscard]] status_t initShutdownTrigger();
 
@@ -276,7 +296,7 @@
         const sp<RpcConnection>& get() { return mConnection; }
 
     private:
-        static void findConnection(pid_t tid, sp<RpcConnection>* exclusive,
+        static void findConnection(uint64_t tid, sp<RpcConnection>* exclusive,
                                    sp<RpcConnection>* available,
                                    std::vector<sp<RpcConnection>>& sockets,
                                    size_t socketsIndexHint);
@@ -306,7 +326,7 @@
     // For a more complicated case, the client might itself open up a thread to
     // serve calls to the server at all times (e.g. if it hosts a callback)
 
-    wp<RpcServer> mForServer; // maybe null, for client sessions
+    wp<RpcServer> mForServer;                      // maybe null, for client sessions
     sp<WaitForShutdownListener> mShutdownListener; // used for client sessions
     wp<EventListener> mEventListener; // mForServer if server, mShutdownListener if client
 
@@ -320,13 +340,14 @@
 
     std::unique_ptr<RpcState> mRpcBinderState;
 
-    std::mutex mMutex; // for all below
+    RpcMutex mMutex; // for all below
 
     size_t mMaxIncomingThreads = 0;
     size_t mMaxOutgoingThreads = kDefaultMaxOutgoingThreads;
     std::optional<uint32_t> mProtocolVersion;
+    FileDescriptorTransportMode mFileDescriptorTransportMode = FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE;
 
-    std::condition_variable mAvailableConnectionCv; // for mWaitingThreads
+    RpcConditionVariable mAvailableConnectionCv; // for mWaitingThreads
 
     struct ThreadState {
         size_t mWaitingThreads = 0;
@@ -335,7 +356,7 @@
         std::vector<sp<RpcConnection>> mOutgoing;
         size_t mMaxIncoming = 0;
         std::vector<sp<RpcConnection>> mIncoming;
-        std::map<std::thread::id, std::thread> mThreads;
+        std::map<RpcMaybeThread::id, RpcMaybeThread> mThreads;
     } mConnections;
 };
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcThreads.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcThreads.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8abf04e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcThreads.h
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#pragma once
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include <android-base/threads.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace android {
+
+#ifdef BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+class RpcMutex {
+public:
+    void lock() {}
+    void unlock() {}
+};
+
+class RpcMutexUniqueLock {
+public:
+    RpcMutexUniqueLock(RpcMutex&) {}
+    void unlock() {}
+};
+
+class RpcMutexLockGuard {
+public:
+    RpcMutexLockGuard(RpcMutex&) {}
+};
+
+class RpcConditionVariable {
+public:
+    void notify_one() {}
+    void notify_all() {}
+
+    void wait(RpcMutexUniqueLock&) {}
+
+    template <typename Predicate>
+    void wait(RpcMutexUniqueLock&, Predicate stop_waiting) {
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!stop_waiting(), "RpcConditionVariable::wait condition not met");
+    }
+
+    template <typename Duration>
+    std::cv_status wait_for(RpcMutexUniqueLock&, const Duration&) {
+        return std::cv_status::no_timeout;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Duration, typename Predicate>
+    bool wait_for(RpcMutexUniqueLock&, const Duration&, Predicate stop_waiting) {
+        return stop_waiting();
+    }
+};
+
+class RpcMaybeThread {
+public:
+    RpcMaybeThread() = default;
+
+    template <typename Function, typename... Args>
+    RpcMaybeThread(Function&& f, Args&&... args) {
+        // std::function requires a copy-constructible closure,
+        // so we need to wrap both the function and its arguments
+        // in a shared pointer that std::function can copy internally
+        struct Vars {
+            std::decay_t<Function> f;
+            std::tuple<std::decay_t<Args>...> args;
+
+            explicit Vars(Function&& f, Args&&... args)
+                  : f(std::move(f)), args(std::move(args)...) {}
+        };
+        auto vars = std::make_shared<Vars>(std::forward<Function>(f), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        mFunc = [vars]() { std::apply(std::move(vars->f), std::move(vars->args)); };
+    }
+
+    void join() {
+        if (mFunc) {
+            // Move mFunc into a temporary so we can clear mFunc before
+            // executing the callback. This avoids infinite recursion if
+            // the callee then calls join() again directly or indirectly.
+            decltype(mFunc) func = nullptr;
+            mFunc.swap(func);
+            func();
+        }
+    }
+    void detach() { join(); }
+
+    class id {
+    public:
+        bool operator==(const id&) const { return true; }
+        bool operator!=(const id&) const { return false; }
+        bool operator<(const id&) const { return false; }
+        bool operator<=(const id&) const { return true; }
+        bool operator>(const id&) const { return false; }
+        bool operator>=(const id&) const { return true; }
+    };
+
+    id get_id() const { return id(); }
+
+private:
+    std::function<void(void)> mFunc;
+};
+
+namespace rpc_this_thread {
+static inline RpcMaybeThread::id get_id() {
+    return RpcMaybeThread::id();
+}
+} // namespace rpc_this_thread
+
+static inline uint64_t rpcGetThreadId() {
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void rpcJoinIfSingleThreaded(RpcMaybeThread& t) {
+    t.join();
+}
+#else  // BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+using RpcMutex = std::mutex;
+using RpcMutexUniqueLock = std::unique_lock<std::mutex>;
+using RpcMutexLockGuard = std::lock_guard<std::mutex>;
+using RpcConditionVariable = std::condition_variable;
+using RpcMaybeThread = std::thread;
+namespace rpc_this_thread = std::this_thread;
+
+static inline uint64_t rpcGetThreadId() {
+    return base::GetThreadId();
+}
+
+static inline void rpcJoinIfSingleThreaded(RpcMaybeThread&) {}
+#endif // BINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
index 751c4f9..5197ef9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
+#include <variant>
+#include <vector>
 
+#include <android-base/function_ref.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 
@@ -39,8 +43,15 @@
 public:
     virtual ~RpcTransport() = default;
 
-    // replacement of ::recv(MSG_PEEK). Error code may not be set if TLS is enabled.
-    [[nodiscard]] virtual status_t peek(void *buf, size_t size, size_t *out_size) = 0;
+    /**
+     * Poll the transport to check whether there is any data ready to read.
+     *
+     * Return:
+     *   OK - There is data available on this transport
+     *   WOULDBLOCK - No data is available
+     *   error - any other error
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual status_t pollRead(void) = 0;
 
     /**
      * Read (or write), but allow to be interrupted by a trigger.
@@ -52,16 +63,23 @@
      * to read/write data. If this returns an error, that error is returned from
      * this function.
      *
+     * ancillaryFds - FDs to be sent via UNIX domain dockets or Trusty IPC. When
+     * reading, if `ancillaryFds` is null, any received FDs will be silently
+     * dropped and closed (by the OS). Appended values will always be unique_fd,
+     * the variant type is used to avoid extra copies elsewhere.
+     *
      * Return:
      *   OK - succeeded in completely processing 'size'
      *   error - interrupted (failure or trigger)
      */
     [[nodiscard]] virtual status_t interruptableWriteFully(
             FdTrigger *fdTrigger, iovec *iovs, int niovs,
-            const std::function<status_t()> &altPoll) = 0;
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>> &altPoll,
+            const std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>> *ancillaryFds) = 0;
     [[nodiscard]] virtual status_t interruptableReadFully(
             FdTrigger *fdTrigger, iovec *iovs, int niovs,
-            const std::function<status_t()> &altPoll) = 0;
+            const std::optional<android::base::function_ref<status_t()>> &altPoll,
+            std::vector<std::variant<base::unique_fd, base::borrowed_fd>> *ancillaryFds) = 0;
 
 protected:
     RpcTransport() = default;
diff --git a/libs/binder/libbinder_rpc_unstable.cpp b/libs/binder/libbinder_rpc_unstable.cpp
index bf2b25b..a3d42b7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/libbinder_rpc_unstable.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/libbinder_rpc_unstable.cpp
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@
                    << " error: " << statusToString(status).c_str();
         return false;
     }
-    server->setPerSessionRootObject([=](const sockaddr* addr, socklen_t addrlen) {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(addr->sa_family != AF_VSOCK, "address is not a vsock");
+    server->setPerSessionRootObject([=](const void* addr, size_t addrlen) {
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(addrlen < sizeof(sockaddr_vm), "sockaddr is truncated");
         const sockaddr_vm* vaddr = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_vm*>(addr);
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(vaddr->svm_family != AF_VSOCK, "address is not a vsock");
         return AIBinder_toPlatformBinder(factory(vaddr->svm_cid, factoryContext));
     });
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp b/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
index 79c8c8f..32e018d 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/Android.bp
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@
         "abseil-*",
         "android-*",
         "bugprone-*",
+        "-bugprone-branch-clone", // b/155034972
         "cert-*",
         "clang-analyzer-*",
         "-clang-analyzer-core.CallAndMessage",
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
index 28e3ff4..b21a7e9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 using ::android::Parcel;
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::status_t;
+using ::android::statusToString;
 using ::android::String16;
 using ::android::String8;
 using ::android::wp;
@@ -133,7 +134,8 @@
         } else {
             // b/155793159
             LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Cannot associate class '" << newDescriptor
-                       << "' to dead binder.";
+                       << "' to dead binder with cached descriptor '" << SanitizeString(descriptor)
+                       << "'.";
         }
         return false;
     }
@@ -458,7 +460,8 @@
             status_t status = binder->unlinkToDeath(recipient, cookie, 0 /*flags*/);
             if (status != ::android::OK) {
                 LOG(ERROR) << __func__
-                           << ": removed reference to death recipient but unlink failed.";
+                           << ": removed reference to death recipient but unlink failed: "
+                           << statusToString(status);
             }
             return PruneStatusT(status);
         }
@@ -539,7 +542,8 @@
 binder_status_t AIBinder_linkToDeath(AIBinder* binder, AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient,
                                      void* cookie) {
     if (binder == nullptr || recipient == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Must provide binder and recipient.";
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Must provide binder (" << binder << ") and recipient ("
+                   << recipient << ")";
         return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
     }
 
@@ -550,7 +554,8 @@
 binder_status_t AIBinder_unlinkToDeath(AIBinder* binder, AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient,
                                        void* cookie) {
     if (binder == nullptr || recipient == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Must provide binder and recipient.";
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Must provide binder (" << binder << ") and recipient ("
+                   << recipient << ")";
         return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
     }
 
@@ -625,7 +630,8 @@
 
 binder_status_t AIBinder_prepareTransaction(AIBinder* binder, AParcel** in) {
     if (binder == nullptr || in == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": requires non-null parameters.";
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": requires non-null parameters binder (" << binder
+                   << ") and in (" << in << ").";
         return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
     }
     const AIBinder_Class* clazz = binder->getClass();
@@ -671,7 +677,9 @@
     AutoParcelDestroyer forIn(in, DestroyParcel);
 
     if (!isUserCommand(code)) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Only user-defined transactions can be made from the NDK.";
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__
+                   << ": Only user-defined transactions can be made from the NDK, but requested: "
+                   << code;
         return STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
     }
 
@@ -682,7 +690,8 @@
     }
 
     if (binder == nullptr || *in == nullptr || out == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": requires non-null parameters.";
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": requires non-null parameters binder (" << binder << "), in ("
+                   << in << "), and out (" << out << ").";
         return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
     }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
index c8e78fc..78bcb43 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_cpp/android/binder_interface_utils.h
@@ -43,10 +43,12 @@
 namespace ndk {
 
 /**
- * analog using std::shared_ptr for internally held refcount
+ * Binder analog to using std::shared_ptr for an internally held refcount.
  *
  * ref must be called at least one time during the lifetime of this object. The recommended way to
  * construct this object is with SharedRefBase::make.
+ *
+ * If you need a "this" shared reference analogous to shared_from_this, use this->ref().
  */
 class SharedRefBase {
    public:
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder_jni.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder_jni.h
index 6880d86..8e288b3 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder_jni.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder_jni.h
@@ -56,6 +56,12 @@
  * If the binder is null, null is returned. If this binder object was originally an IBinder object,
  * the original java object will be returned.
  *
+ * WARNING: this function returns global and local references. This can be
+ * figured out using GetObjectRefType. Though, when this function is called
+ * from within a Java context, the local ref will automatically be cleaned
+ * up. If this is called outside of a Java frame,
+ * PushObjectFrame/PopObjectFrame can simulate this automatic cleanup.
+ *
  * Available since API level 29.
  *
  * \param env Java environment. Must not be null.
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
index 8457581..f68612c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel.h
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@
 /**
  * Sets the position within the parcel.
  *
+ * This must be called with a position that has been previously returned from
+ * AParcel_getDataPosition. If writes are made after setting the data position, they must
+ * be made in the exact same sequence used before resetting data position. Writing over
+ * objects such as binders or file descriptors is not supported.
+ *
  * Available since API level 29.
  *
  * \param parcel The parcel of which to set the position.
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_stability.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_stability.h
index d0cd11f..683a433 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_stability.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_platform/android/binder_stability.h
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@
  * This interface has system<->vendor stability
  */
 // b/227835797 - can't use __INTRODUCED_IN(30) because old targets load this code
-#if __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__ < 30
+#if defined(__ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__) && __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__ < 30
 __attribute__((weak))
-#endif  // __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__ < 30
+#endif  // defined(__ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__) && __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__ < 30
 void AIBinder_markVintfStability(AIBinder* binder);
 
 __END_DECLS
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
index 3824a1b..f3f2886 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@
     AIBinder_Class_disableInterfaceTokenHeader;
     AIBinder_DeathRecipient_setOnUnlinked;
     AIBinder_isHandlingTransaction;
-    AIBinder_setInheritRt; # llndk
-    AIBinder_setMinSchedulerPolicy; # llndk
+    AIBinder_setInheritRt; # apex llndk
+    AIBinder_setMinSchedulerPolicy; # apex llndk
     AParcel_marshal;
     AParcel_unmarshal;
 };
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs
index b7c7ae4..3edeebf 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/native.rs
@@ -335,11 +335,16 @@
         // We don't own this file, so we need to be careful not to drop it.
         let file = ManuallyDrop::new(File::from_raw_fd(fd));
 
-        if args.is_null() {
+        if args.is_null() && num_args != 0 {
             return StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL as status_t;
         }
-        let args = slice::from_raw_parts(args, num_args as usize);
-        let args: Vec<_> = args.iter().map(|s| CStr::from_ptr(*s)).collect();
+
+        let args = if args.is_null() || num_args == 0 {
+            vec![]
+        } else {
+            slice::from_raw_parts(args, num_args as usize)
+                .iter().map(|s| CStr::from_ptr(*s)).collect()
+        };
 
         let object = sys::AIBinder_getUserData(binder);
         let binder: &T = &*(object as *const T);
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.cpp b/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.cpp
index ec780f2..3f59dab 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.cpp
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
     string expected = "TestingFileDescriptors";
     vector<char> buf(expected.length());
     base::ReadFully(file_descriptors[0].release(), buf.data(), buf.size());
-    ASSERT_EQ(expected, string(buf.data()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, string(buf.data(), expected.length()));
 }
 
 TEST_F(SerializationTest, SerializeIBinder) {
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.rs b/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.rs
index b62da7b..f6bdf5c 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/serialization.rs
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@
 ) -> Result<(), StatusCode> {
     match code {
         bindings::Transaction_TEST_BOOL => {
-            assert_eq!(parcel.read::<bool>()?, true);
-            assert_eq!(parcel.read::<bool>()?, false);
+            assert!(parcel.read::<bool>()?);
+            assert!(!parcel.read::<bool>()?);
             assert_eq!(parcel.read::<Vec<bool>>()?, unsafe {
                 bindings::TESTDATA_BOOL
             });
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
index a3533d8..d7c6d49 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@
     unstable: true,
     srcs: [
         "BinderRpcTestClientInfo.aidl",
+        "BinderRpcTestServerConfig.aidl",
         "BinderRpcTestServerInfo.aidl",
         "IBinderRpcCallback.aidl",
         "IBinderRpcSession.aidl",
@@ -167,7 +168,6 @@
         "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
-        "libbinder",
         "libbase",
         "liblog",
     ],
@@ -185,25 +185,72 @@
     ],
 }
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "binderRpcTest",
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "binderRpcTest_common_defaults",
     host_supported: true,
     target: {
         darwin: {
             enabled: false,
         },
+    },
+    defaults: [
+        "binder_test_defaults",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_tls_static",
+        "libbinder_tls_test_utils",
+        "binderRpcTestIface-cpp",
+        "binderRpcTestIface-ndk",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "binderRpcTest_service_defaults",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_common_defaults",
+    ],
+    gtest: false,
+    auto_gen_config: false,
+    srcs: [
+        "binderRpcTestCommon.cpp",
+        "binderRpcTestService.cpp",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "binderRpcTest_defaults",
+    target: {
         android: {
             test_suites: ["vts"],
         },
     },
     defaults: [
-        "binder_test_defaults",
-        "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
+        "binderRpcTest_common_defaults",
     ],
 
     srcs: [
         "binderRpcTest.cpp",
+        "binderRpcTestCommon.cpp",
     ],
+
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    require_root: true,
+
+    data_bins: [
+        "binder_rpc_test_service",
+        "binder_rpc_test_service_no_kernel",
+        "binder_rpc_test_service_single_threaded",
+        "binder_rpc_test_service_single_threaded_no_kernel",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "binderRpcTest_shared_defaults",
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC",
+    ],
+
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder",
         "libbinder_ndk",
@@ -212,14 +259,128 @@
         "libcutils",
         "liblog",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "libbinder_tls_static",
-        "libbinder_tls_test_utils",
-        "binderRpcTestIface-cpp",
-        "binderRpcTestIface-ndk",
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libutils",
+        // libcrypto_static is not visible to this module
+        "libcrypto",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
-    require_root: true,
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libssl",
+    ],
+
+    cflags: [
+        // Disable tests that require shared libraries,
+        // e.g., libbinder.so or libbinder_ndk.so
+        "-DBINDER_TEST_NO_SHARED_LIBS",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    // The module name cannot start with "binderRpcTest" because
+    // then atest tries to execute it as part of binderRpcTest
+    name: "binder_rpc_test_service",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_service_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_shared_defaults",
+        "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binder_rpc_test_service_no_kernel",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_service_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_no_kernel",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binder_rpc_test_service_single_threaded",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_service_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+        "-DBINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binder_rpc_test_service_single_threaded_no_kernel",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_service_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded_no_kernel",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderRpcTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_shared_defaults",
+        "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderRpcTestNoKernel",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_no_kernel",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderRpcTestSingleThreaded",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+        "-DBINDER_WITH_KERNEL_IPC",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderRpcTestSingleThreadedNoKernel",
+    defaults: [
+        "binderRpcTest_defaults",
+        "binderRpcTest_static_defaults",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DBINDER_RPC_SINGLE_THREADED",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_rpc_single_threaded_no_kernel",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -319,7 +480,6 @@
         "libbinder",
         "libutils",
     ],
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-g",
         "-Wno-missing-field-initializers",
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/BinderRpcTestServerConfig.aidl b/libs/binder/tests/BinderRpcTestServerConfig.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34d74be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/BinderRpcTestServerConfig.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+parcelable BinderRpcTestServerConfig {
+    int numThreads;
+    int[] serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes;
+    int socketType;
+    int rpcSecurity;
+    int serverVersion;
+    int vsockPort;
+    @utf8InCpp String addr;
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/IBinderRpcTest.aidl b/libs/binder/tests/IBinderRpcTest.aidl
index fdd02a4..b15a225 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/IBinderRpcTest.aidl
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/IBinderRpcTest.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
     // number of known RPC binders to process, RpcState::countBinders by session
     int[] countBinders();
 
+    // Return a null binder with a non-nullable return type.
+    IBinder getNullBinder();
+
     // Caller sends server, callee pings caller's server and returns error code.
     int pingMe(IBinder binder);
     @nullable IBinder repeatBinder(@nullable IBinder binder);
@@ -64,4 +67,8 @@
     void scheduleShutdown();
 
     void useKernelBinderCallingId();
+
+    ParcelFileDescriptor echoAsFile(@utf8InCpp String content);
+
+    ParcelFileDescriptor concatFiles(in List<ParcelFileDescriptor> files);
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp
index e1f5ed5..60b3c94 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderAllocationLimits.cpp
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@
  */
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/Binder.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/RpcServer.h>
+#include <binder/RpcSession.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <utils/CallStack.h>
 
@@ -124,12 +127,18 @@
     });
 }
 
-using android::IBinder;
-using android::Parcel;
-using android::String16;
+using android::BBinder;
 using android::defaultServiceManager;
-using android::sp;
+using android::IBinder;
 using android::IServiceManager;
+using android::OK;
+using android::Parcel;
+using android::RpcServer;
+using android::RpcSession;
+using android::sp;
+using android::status_t;
+using android::statusToString;
+using android::String16;
 
 static sp<IBinder> GetRemoteBinder() {
     // This gets binder representing the service manager
@@ -175,6 +184,36 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(mallocs, 1);
 }
 
+TEST(RpcBinderAllocation, SetupRpcServer) {
+    std::string tmp = getenv("TMPDIR") ?: "/tmp";
+    std::string addr = tmp + "/binderRpcBenchmark";
+    (void)unlink(addr.c_str());
+    auto server = RpcServer::make();
+    server->setRootObject(sp<BBinder>::make());
+
+    CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupUnixDomainServer(addr.c_str()));
+
+    std::thread([server]() { server->join(); }).detach();
+
+    status_t status;
+    auto session = RpcSession::make();
+    status = session->setupUnixDomainClient(addr.c_str());
+    CHECK_EQ(status, OK) << "Could not connect: " << addr << ": " << statusToString(status).c_str();
+
+    auto remoteBinder = session->getRootObject();
+
+    size_t mallocs = 0, totalBytes = 0;
+    {
+        const auto on_malloc = OnMalloc([&](size_t bytes) {
+            mallocs++;
+            totalBytes += bytes;
+        });
+        CHECK_EQ(OK, remoteBinder->pingBinder());
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(mallocs, 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(totalBytes, 40);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     if (getenv("LIBC_HOOKS_ENABLE") == nullptr) {
         CHECK(0 == setenv("LIBC_HOOKS_ENABLE", "1", true /*overwrite*/));
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
index b1e17b7..4ed3309 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/result-gmock.h>
 #include <android-base/result.h>
+#include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <binder/Binder.h>
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@
 static constexpr int kSchedPolicy = SCHED_RR;
 static constexpr int kSchedPriority = 7;
 static constexpr int kSchedPriorityMore = 8;
+static constexpr int kKernelThreads = 15;
 
 static String16 binderLibTestServiceName = String16("test.binderLib");
 
@@ -115,6 +117,12 @@
     BINDER_LIB_TEST_ECHO_VECTOR,
     BINDER_LIB_TEST_REJECT_OBJECTS,
     BINDER_LIB_TEST_CAN_GET_SID,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_GET_MAX_THREAD_COUNT,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_SET_MAX_THREAD_COUNT,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_LOCK_UNLOCK,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_LOCK,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_UNLOCK_AFTER_MS,
+    BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_TEMPORARY_LOCK
 };
 
 pid_t start_server_process(int arg2, bool usePoll = false)
@@ -247,13 +255,11 @@
         {
             int32_t id;
             Parcel data, reply;
-            sp<IBinder> binder;
 
             EXPECT_THAT(m_server->transact(code, data, &reply), StatusEq(NO_ERROR));
 
-            EXPECT_FALSE(binder != nullptr);
-            binder = reply.readStrongBinder();
-            EXPECT_TRUE(binder != nullptr);
+            sp<IBinder> binder = reply.readStrongBinder();
+            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, binder);
             EXPECT_THAT(reply.readInt32(&id), StatusEq(NO_ERROR));
             if (idPtr)
                 *idPtr = id;
@@ -442,6 +448,12 @@
     EXPECT_DEATH({ ProcessState::self(); }, "libbinder ProcessState can not be used after fork");
 }
 
+TEST_F(BinderLibTest, AddManagerToManager) {
+    sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
+    sp<IBinder> binder = IInterface::asBinder(sm);
+    EXPECT_EQ(NO_ERROR, sm->addService(String16("binderLibTest-manager"), binder));
+}
+
 TEST_F(BinderLibTest, WasParceled) {
     auto binder = sp<BBinder>::make();
     EXPECT_FALSE(binder->wasParceled());
@@ -1221,6 +1233,53 @@
     EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_CAN_GET_SID, data, nullptr), StatusEq(OK));
 }
 
+struct TooManyFdsFlattenable : Flattenable<TooManyFdsFlattenable> {
+    TooManyFdsFlattenable(size_t fdCount) : mFdCount(fdCount) {}
+
+    // Flattenable protocol
+    size_t getFlattenedSize() const {
+        // Return a valid non-zero size here so we don't get an unintended
+        // BAD_VALUE from Parcel::write
+        return 16;
+    }
+    size_t getFdCount() const { return mFdCount; }
+    status_t flatten(void *& /*buffer*/, size_t & /*size*/, int *&fds, size_t &count) const {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            fds[i] = STDIN_FILENO;
+        }
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+    status_t unflatten(void const *& /*buffer*/, size_t & /*size*/, int const *& /*fds*/,
+                       size_t & /*count*/) {
+        /* This doesn't get called */
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    size_t mFdCount;
+};
+
+TEST_F(BinderLibTest, TooManyFdsFlattenable) {
+    rlimit origNofile;
+    int ret = getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &origNofile);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, ret);
+
+    // Restore the original file limits when the test finishes
+    base::ScopeGuard guardUnguard([&]() { setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &origNofile); });
+
+    rlimit testNofile = {1024, 1024};
+    ret = setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &testNofile);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, ret);
+
+    Parcel parcel;
+    // Try to write more file descriptors than supported by the OS
+    TooManyFdsFlattenable tooManyFds1(1024);
+    EXPECT_THAT(parcel.write(tooManyFds1), StatusEq(-EMFILE));
+
+    // Try to write more file descriptors than the internal limit
+    TooManyFdsFlattenable tooManyFds2(1025);
+    EXPECT_THAT(parcel.write(tooManyFds2), StatusEq(BAD_VALUE));
+}
+
 TEST(ServiceNotifications, Unregister) {
     auto sm = defaultServiceManager();
     using LocalRegistrationCallback = IServiceManager::LocalRegistrationCallback;
@@ -1234,6 +1293,80 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(sm->unregisterForNotifications(String16("RogerRafa"), cb), OK);
 }
 
+TEST_F(BinderLibTest, ThreadPoolAvailableThreads) {
+    Parcel data, reply;
+    sp<IBinder> server = addServer();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(server != nullptr);
+    EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_GET_MAX_THREAD_COUNT, data, &reply),
+                StatusEq(NO_ERROR));
+    int32_t replyi = reply.readInt32();
+    // Expect 16 threads: kKernelThreads = 15 + Pool thread == 16
+    EXPECT_TRUE(replyi == kKernelThreads || replyi == kKernelThreads + 1);
+    EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_LOCK, data, &reply), NO_ERROR);
+
+    /*
+     * This will use all threads in the pool expect the main pool thread.
+     * The service should run fine without locking, and the thread count should
+     * not exceed 16 (15 Max + pool thread).
+     */
+    std::vector<std::thread> ts;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kKernelThreads - 1; i++) {
+        ts.push_back(std::thread([&] {
+            Parcel local_reply;
+            EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_LOCK_UNLOCK, data, &local_reply),
+                        NO_ERROR);
+        }));
+    }
+
+    data.writeInt32(1);
+    // Give a chance for all threads to be used
+    EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_UNLOCK_AFTER_MS, data, &reply), NO_ERROR);
+
+    for (auto &t : ts) {
+        t.join();
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_GET_MAX_THREAD_COUNT, data, &reply),
+                StatusEq(NO_ERROR));
+    replyi = reply.readInt32();
+    // No more than 16 threads should exist.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(replyi == kKernelThreads || replyi == kKernelThreads + 1);
+}
+
+size_t epochMillis() {
+    using std::chrono::duration_cast;
+    using std::chrono::milliseconds;
+    using std::chrono::seconds;
+    using std::chrono::system_clock;
+    return duration_cast<milliseconds>(system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+}
+
+TEST_F(BinderLibTest, HangingServices) {
+    Parcel data, reply;
+    sp<IBinder> server = addServer();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(server != nullptr);
+    int32_t delay = 1000; // ms
+    data.writeInt32(delay);
+    EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_TEMPORARY_LOCK, data, &reply), NO_ERROR);
+    std::vector<std::thread> ts;
+    size_t epochMsBefore = epochMillis();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kKernelThreads + 1; i++) {
+        ts.push_back(std::thread([&] {
+            Parcel local_reply;
+            EXPECT_THAT(server->transact(BINDER_LIB_TEST_LOCK_UNLOCK, data, &local_reply),
+                        NO_ERROR);
+        }));
+    }
+
+    for (auto &t : ts) {
+        t.join();
+    }
+    size_t epochMsAfter = epochMillis();
+
+    // deadlock occurred and threads only finished after 1s passed.
+    EXPECT_GE(epochMsAfter, epochMsBefore + delay);
+}
+
 class BinderLibRpcTestBase : public BinderLibTest {
 public:
     void SetUp() override {
@@ -1640,11 +1773,42 @@
             case BINDER_LIB_TEST_CAN_GET_SID: {
                 return IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingSid() == nullptr ? BAD_VALUE : NO_ERROR;
             }
+            case BINDER_LIB_TEST_GET_MAX_THREAD_COUNT: {
+                reply->writeInt32(ProcessState::self()->getThreadPoolMaxTotalThreadCount());
+                return NO_ERROR;
+            }
+            case BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_LOCK: {
+                m_blockMutex.lock();
+                return NO_ERROR;
+            }
+            case BINDER_LIB_TEST_LOCK_UNLOCK: {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(m_blockMutex);
+                return NO_ERROR;
+            }
+            case BINDER_LIB_TEST_UNLOCK_AFTER_MS: {
+                int32_t ms = data.readInt32();
+                return unlockInMs(ms);
+            }
+            case BINDER_LIB_TEST_PROCESS_TEMPORARY_LOCK: {
+                m_blockMutex.lock();
+                sp<BinderLibTestService> thisService = this;
+                int32_t value = data.readInt32();
+                // start local thread to unlock in 1s
+                std::thread t([=] { thisService->unlockInMs(value); });
+                t.detach();
+                return NO_ERROR;
+            }
             default:
                 return UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION;
         };
     }
 
+    status_t unlockInMs(int32_t ms) {
+        usleep(ms * 1000);
+        m_blockMutex.unlock();
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+
 private:
     int32_t m_id;
     int32_t m_nextServerId;
@@ -1655,6 +1819,7 @@
     sp<IBinder> m_strongRef;
     sp<IBinder> m_callback;
     bool m_exitOnDestroy;
+    std::mutex m_blockMutex;
 };
 
 int run_server(int index, int readypipefd, bool usePoll)
@@ -1756,6 +1921,7 @@
              }
         }
     } else {
+        ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(kKernelThreads);
         ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
         IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool();
     }
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderMemoryHeapBaseUnitTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderMemoryHeapBaseUnitTest.cpp
index 21cb70b..278dd2b 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderMemoryHeapBaseUnitTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderMemoryHeapBaseUnitTest.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #ifdef __BIONIC__
 TEST(MemoryHeapBase, ForceMemfdRespected) {
     auto mHeap = sp<MemoryHeapBase>::make(10, MemoryHeapBase::FORCE_MEMFD, "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     EXPECT_NE(fd, -1);
     EXPECT_FALSE(ashmem_valid(fd));
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
     auto mHeap = sp<MemoryHeapBase>::make(8192,
                                           MemoryHeapBase::FORCE_MEMFD,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     EXPECT_NE(fd, -1);
     EXPECT_EQ(fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS), F_SEAL_SEAL);
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@
                                           MemoryHeapBase::FORCE_MEMFD |
                                           MemoryHeapBase::MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     EXPECT_NE(fd, -1);
     EXPECT_EQ(fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS), 0);
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@
                                           MemoryHeapBase::FORCE_MEMFD |
                                           MemoryHeapBase::READ_ONLY,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     EXPECT_NE(fd, -1);
     EXPECT_EQ(fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS), F_SEAL_SEAL | F_SEAL_FUTURE_WRITE);
@@ -64,6 +68,7 @@
                                           MemoryHeapBase::READ_ONLY |
                                           MemoryHeapBase::MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     EXPECT_NE(fd, -1);
     EXPECT_EQ(fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS), F_SEAL_FUTURE_WRITE);
@@ -74,6 +79,7 @@
     auto mHeap = sp<MemoryHeapBase>::make(8192,
                                           MemoryHeapBase::READ_ONLY,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     void* ptr = mHeap->getBase();
     EXPECT_NE(ptr, MAP_FAILED);
@@ -87,6 +93,7 @@
                                           MemoryHeapBase::READ_ONLY |
                                           MemoryHeapBase::MEMFD_ALLOW_SEALING,
                                           "Test mapping");
+    ASSERT_NE(mHeap.get(), nullptr);
     int fd = mHeap->getHeapID();
     void* ptr = mHeap->getBase();
     EXPECT_EQ(mHeap->getFlags(), MemoryHeapBase::READ_ONLY);
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
index c2639e7..4e41d8e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
@@ -14,29 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <BinderRpcTestClientInfo.h>
-#include <BinderRpcTestServerInfo.h>
-#include <BnBinderRpcCallback.h>
-#include <BnBinderRpcSession.h>
-#include <BnBinderRpcTest.h>
-#include <aidl/IBinderRpcTest.h>
-#include <android-base/file.h>
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
-#include <android/binder_libbinder.h>
-#include <binder/Binder.h>
-#include <binder/BpBinder.h>
-#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
-#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
-#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
-#include <binder/RpcServer.h>
-#include <binder/RpcSession.h>
-#include <binder/RpcTlsTestUtils.h>
-#include <binder/RpcTlsUtils.h>
-#include <binder/RpcTransport.h>
-#include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
-#include <binder/RpcTransportTls.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
@@ -45,14 +23,12 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <type_traits>
 
+#include <dlfcn.h>
 #include <poll.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
 
-#include "../FdTrigger.h"
-#include "../RpcSocketAddress.h" // for testing preconnected clients
-#include "../RpcState.h"         // for debugging
-#include "../vm_sockets.h"       // for VMADDR_*
+#include "binderRpcTestCommon.h"
 
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 using namespace std::placeholders;
@@ -62,35 +38,14 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+#ifdef BINDER_TEST_NO_SHARED_LIBS
+constexpr bool kEnableSharedLibs = false;
+#else
+constexpr bool kEnableSharedLibs = true;
+#endif
+
 static_assert(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION + 1 == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_NEXT ||
               RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL);
-const char* kLocalInetAddress = "127.0.0.1";
-
-enum class RpcSecurity { RAW, TLS };
-
-static inline std::vector<RpcSecurity> RpcSecurityValues() {
-    return {RpcSecurity::RAW, RpcSecurity::TLS};
-}
-
-static inline std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> newFactory(
-        RpcSecurity rpcSecurity, std::shared_ptr<RpcCertificateVerifier> verifier = nullptr,
-        std::unique_ptr<RpcAuth> auth = nullptr) {
-    switch (rpcSecurity) {
-        case RpcSecurity::RAW:
-            return RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make();
-        case RpcSecurity::TLS: {
-            if (verifier == nullptr) {
-                verifier = std::make_shared<RpcCertificateVerifierSimple>();
-            }
-            if (auth == nullptr) {
-                auth = std::make_unique<RpcAuthSelfSigned>();
-            }
-            return RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::make(std::move(verifier), std::move(auth));
-        }
-        default:
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown RpcSecurity %d", rpcSecurity);
-    }
-}
 
 TEST(BinderRpcParcel, EntireParcelFormatted) {
     Parcel p;
@@ -99,17 +54,19 @@
     EXPECT_DEATH(p.markForBinder(sp<BBinder>::make()), "");
 }
 
-class BinderRpcSimple : public ::testing::TestWithParam<RpcSecurity> {
+class BinderRpcServerOnly : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<RpcSecurity, uint32_t>> {
 public:
     static std::string PrintTestParam(const ::testing::TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
-        return newFactory(info.param)->toCString();
+        return std::string(newFactory(std::get<0>(info.param))->toCString()) + "_serverV" +
+                std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
     }
 };
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpcSimple, SetExternalServerTest) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcServerOnly, SetExternalServerTest) {
     base::unique_fd sink(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/null", O_RDWR)));
     int sinkFd = sink.get();
-    auto server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(GetParam()));
+    auto server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(std::get<0>(GetParam())));
+    server->setProtocolVersion(std::get<1>(GetParam()));
     ASSERT_FALSE(server->hasServer());
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, server->setupExternalServer(std::move(sink)));
     ASSERT_TRUE(server->hasServer());
@@ -139,191 +96,15 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(stat.isOk()) << stat; \
     } while (false)
 
-class MyBinderRpcSession : public BnBinderRpcSession {
-public:
-    static std::atomic<int32_t> gNum;
-
-    MyBinderRpcSession(const std::string& name) : mName(name) { gNum++; }
-    Status getName(std::string* name) override {
-        *name = mName;
-        return Status::ok();
+static std::string WaitStatusToString(int wstatus) {
+    if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
+        return base::StringPrintf("exit status %d", WEXITSTATUS(wstatus));
     }
-    ~MyBinderRpcSession() { gNum--; }
-
-private:
-    std::string mName;
-};
-std::atomic<int32_t> MyBinderRpcSession::gNum;
-
-class MyBinderRpcCallback : public BnBinderRpcCallback {
-    Status sendCallback(const std::string& value) {
-        std::unique_lock _l(mMutex);
-        mValues.push_back(value);
-        _l.unlock();
-        mCv.notify_one();
-        return Status::ok();
+    if (WIFSIGNALED(wstatus)) {
+        return base::StringPrintf("term signal %d", WTERMSIG(wstatus));
     }
-    Status sendOnewayCallback(const std::string& value) { return sendCallback(value); }
-
-public:
-    std::mutex mMutex;
-    std::condition_variable mCv;
-    std::vector<std::string> mValues;
-};
-
-class MyBinderRpcTest : public BnBinderRpcTest {
-public:
-    wp<RpcServer> server;
-    int port = 0;
-
-    Status sendString(const std::string& str) override {
-        (void)str;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status doubleString(const std::string& str, std::string* strstr) override {
-        *strstr = str + str;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status getClientPort(int* out) override {
-        *out = port;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status countBinders(std::vector<int32_t>* out) override {
-        sp<RpcServer> spServer = server.promote();
-        if (spServer == nullptr) {
-            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
-        }
-        out->clear();
-        for (auto session : spServer->listSessions()) {
-            size_t count = session->state()->countBinders();
-            out->push_back(count);
-        }
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status pingMe(const sp<IBinder>& binder, int32_t* out) override {
-        if (binder == nullptr) {
-            std::cout << "Received null binder!" << std::endl;
-            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
-        }
-        *out = binder->pingBinder();
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status repeatBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder, sp<IBinder>* out) override {
-        *out = binder;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    static sp<IBinder> mHeldBinder;
-    Status holdBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder) override {
-        mHeldBinder = binder;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status getHeldBinder(sp<IBinder>* held) override {
-        *held = mHeldBinder;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status nestMe(const sp<IBinderRpcTest>& binder, int count) override {
-        if (count <= 0) return Status::ok();
-        return binder->nestMe(this, count - 1);
-    }
-    Status alwaysGiveMeTheSameBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) override {
-        static sp<IBinder> binder = new BBinder;
-        *out = binder;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status openSession(const std::string& name, sp<IBinderRpcSession>* out) override {
-        *out = new MyBinderRpcSession(name);
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status getNumOpenSessions(int32_t* out) override {
-        *out = MyBinderRpcSession::gNum;
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-
-    std::mutex blockMutex;
-    Status lock() override {
-        blockMutex.lock();
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status unlockInMsAsync(int32_t ms) override {
-        usleep(ms * 1000);
-        blockMutex.unlock();
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-    Status lockUnlock() override {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(blockMutex);
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-
-    Status sleepMs(int32_t ms) override {
-        usleep(ms * 1000);
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-
-    Status sleepMsAsync(int32_t ms) override {
-        // In-process binder calls are asynchronous, but the call to this method
-        // is synchronous wrt its client. This in/out-process threading model
-        // diffentiation is a classic binder leaky abstraction (for better or
-        // worse) and is preserved here the way binder sockets plugs itself
-        // into BpBinder, as nothing is changed at the higher levels
-        // (IInterface) which result in this behavior.
-        return sleepMs(ms);
-    }
-
-    Status doCallback(const sp<IBinderRpcCallback>& callback, bool oneway, bool delayed,
-                      const std::string& value) override {
-        if (callback == nullptr) {
-            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
-        }
-
-        if (delayed) {
-            std::thread([=]() {
-                ALOGE("Executing delayed callback: '%s'", value.c_str());
-                Status status = doCallback(callback, oneway, false, value);
-                ALOGE("Delayed callback status: '%s'", status.toString8().c_str());
-            }).detach();
-            return Status::ok();
-        }
-
-        if (oneway) {
-            return callback->sendOnewayCallback(value);
-        }
-
-        return callback->sendCallback(value);
-    }
-
-    Status doCallbackAsync(const sp<IBinderRpcCallback>& callback, bool oneway, bool delayed,
-                           const std::string& value) override {
-        return doCallback(callback, oneway, delayed, value);
-    }
-
-    Status die(bool cleanup) override {
-        if (cleanup) {
-            exit(1);
-        } else {
-            _exit(1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    Status scheduleShutdown() override {
-        sp<RpcServer> strongServer = server.promote();
-        if (strongServer == nullptr) {
-            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
-        }
-        std::thread([=] {
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!strongServer->shutdown(), "Could not shutdown");
-        }).detach();
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-
-    Status useKernelBinderCallingId() override {
-        // this is WRONG! It does not make sense when using RPC binder, and
-        // because it is SO wrong, and so much code calls this, it should abort!
-
-        (void)IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
-        return Status::ok();
-    }
-};
-sp<IBinder> MyBinderRpcTest::mHeldBinder;
+    return base::StringPrintf("unexpected state %d", wstatus);
+}
 
 class Process {
 public:
@@ -332,8 +113,8 @@
                                      android::base::borrowed_fd /* readEnd */)>& f) {
         android::base::unique_fd childWriteEnd;
         android::base::unique_fd childReadEnd;
-        CHECK(android::base::Pipe(&mReadEnd, &childWriteEnd)) << strerror(errno);
-        CHECK(android::base::Pipe(&childReadEnd, &mWriteEnd)) << strerror(errno);
+        CHECK(android::base::Pipe(&mReadEnd, &childWriteEnd, 0)) << strerror(errno);
+        CHECK(android::base::Pipe(&childReadEnd, &mWriteEnd, 0)) << strerror(errno);
         if (0 == (mPid = fork())) {
             // racey: assume parent doesn't crash before this is set
             prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGHUP);
@@ -345,13 +126,28 @@
     }
     ~Process() {
         if (mPid != 0) {
-            waitpid(mPid, nullptr, 0);
+            int wstatus;
+            waitpid(mPid, &wstatus, 0);
+            if (mCustomExitStatusCheck) {
+                mCustomExitStatusCheck(wstatus);
+            } else {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(WIFEXITED(wstatus) && WEXITSTATUS(wstatus) == 0)
+                        << "server process failed: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+            }
         }
     }
     android::base::borrowed_fd readEnd() { return mReadEnd; }
     android::base::borrowed_fd writeEnd() { return mWriteEnd; }
 
+    void setCustomExitStatusCheck(std::function<void(int wstatus)> f) {
+        mCustomExitStatusCheck = std::move(f);
+    }
+
+    // Kill the process. Avoid if possible. Shutdown gracefully via an RPC instead.
+    void terminate() { kill(mPid, SIGTERM); }
+
 private:
+    std::function<void(int wstatus)> mCustomExitStatusCheck;
     pid_t mPid = 0;
     android::base::unique_fd mReadEnd;
     android::base::unique_fd mWriteEnd;
@@ -366,7 +162,7 @@
 };
 
 static unsigned int allocateVsockPort() {
-    static unsigned int vsockPort = 3456;
+    static unsigned int vsockPort = 34567;
     return vsockPort++;
 }
 
@@ -419,10 +215,10 @@
 
     BinderRpcTestProcessSession(BinderRpcTestProcessSession&&) = default;
     ~BinderRpcTestProcessSession() {
-        EXPECT_NE(nullptr, rootIface);
-        if (rootIface == nullptr) return;
-
         if (!expectAlreadyShutdown) {
+            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, rootIface);
+            if (rootIface == nullptr) return;
+
             std::vector<int32_t> remoteCounts;
             // calling over any sessions counts across all sessions
             EXPECT_OK(rootIface->countBinders(&remoteCounts));
@@ -443,28 +239,6 @@
     }
 };
 
-enum class SocketType {
-    PRECONNECTED,
-    UNIX,
-    VSOCK,
-    INET,
-};
-static inline std::string PrintToString(SocketType socketType) {
-    switch (socketType) {
-        case SocketType::PRECONNECTED:
-            return "preconnected_uds";
-        case SocketType::UNIX:
-            return "unix_domain_socket";
-        case SocketType::VSOCK:
-            return "vm_socket";
-        case SocketType::INET:
-            return "inet_socket";
-        default:
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown socket type");
-            return "";
-    }
-}
-
 static base::unique_fd connectTo(const RpcSocketAddress& addr) {
     base::unique_fd serverFd(
             TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(addr.addr()->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)));
@@ -480,115 +254,79 @@
     return serverFd;
 }
 
-class BinderRpc : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<SocketType, RpcSecurity>> {
+using RunServiceFn = void (*)(android::base::borrowed_fd writeEnd,
+                              android::base::borrowed_fd readEnd);
+
+class BinderRpc : public ::testing::TestWithParam<
+                          std::tuple<SocketType, RpcSecurity, uint32_t, uint32_t, bool, bool>> {
 public:
-    struct Options {
-        size_t numThreads = 1;
-        size_t numSessions = 1;
-        size_t numIncomingConnections = 0;
-        size_t numOutgoingConnections = SIZE_MAX;
-    };
+    SocketType socketType() const { return std::get<0>(GetParam()); }
+    RpcSecurity rpcSecurity() const { return std::get<1>(GetParam()); }
+    uint32_t clientVersion() const { return std::get<2>(GetParam()); }
+    uint32_t serverVersion() const { return std::get<3>(GetParam()); }
+    bool singleThreaded() const { return std::get<4>(GetParam()); }
+    bool noKernel() const { return std::get<5>(GetParam()); }
+
+    // Whether the test params support sending FDs in parcels.
+    bool supportsFdTransport() const {
+        return clientVersion() >= 1 && serverVersion() >= 1 && rpcSecurity() != RpcSecurity::TLS &&
+                (socketType() == SocketType::PRECONNECTED || socketType() == SocketType::UNIX);
+    }
 
     static inline std::string PrintParamInfo(const testing::TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
-        auto [type, security] = info.param;
-        return PrintToString(type) + "_" + newFactory(security)->toCString();
-    }
-
-    static inline void writeString(android::base::borrowed_fd fd, std::string_view str) {
-        uint64_t length = str.length();
-        CHECK(android::base::WriteFully(fd, &length, sizeof(length)));
-        CHECK(android::base::WriteFully(fd, str.data(), str.length()));
-    }
-
-    static inline std::string readString(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
-        uint64_t length;
-        CHECK(android::base::ReadFully(fd, &length, sizeof(length)));
-        std::string ret(length, '\0');
-        CHECK(android::base::ReadFully(fd, ret.data(), length));
+        auto [type, security, clientVersion, serverVersion, singleThreaded, noKernel] = info.param;
+        auto ret = PrintToString(type) + "_" + newFactory(security)->toCString() + "_clientV" +
+                std::to_string(clientVersion) + "_serverV" + std::to_string(serverVersion);
+        if (singleThreaded) {
+            ret += "_single_threaded";
+        }
+        if (noKernel) {
+            ret += "_no_kernel";
+        }
         return ret;
     }
 
-    static inline void writeToFd(android::base::borrowed_fd fd, const Parcelable& parcelable) {
-        Parcel parcel;
-        CHECK_EQ(OK, parcelable.writeToParcel(&parcel));
-        writeString(fd,
-                    std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(parcel.data()), parcel.dataSize()));
-    }
-
-    template <typename T>
-    static inline T readFromFd(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
-        std::string data = readString(fd);
-        Parcel parcel;
-        CHECK_EQ(OK, parcel.setData(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(data.data()), data.size()));
-        T object;
-        CHECK_EQ(OK, object.readFromParcel(&parcel));
-        return object;
-    }
-
     // This creates a new process serving an interface on a certain number of
     // threads.
-    ProcessSession createRpcTestSocketServerProcess(
-            const Options& options, const std::function<void(const sp<RpcServer>&)>& configure) {
+    ProcessSession createRpcTestSocketServerProcessEtc(const BinderRpcOptions& options) {
         CHECK_GE(options.numSessions, 1) << "Must have at least one session to a server";
 
         SocketType socketType = std::get<0>(GetParam());
         RpcSecurity rpcSecurity = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        uint32_t clientVersion = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+        uint32_t serverVersion = std::get<3>(GetParam());
+        bool singleThreaded = std::get<4>(GetParam());
+        bool noKernel = std::get<5>(GetParam());
 
-        unsigned int vsockPort = allocateVsockPort();
-        std::string addr = allocateSocketAddress();
+        std::string path = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
+        auto servicePath =
+                android::base::StringPrintf("%s/binder_rpc_test_service%s%s", path.c_str(),
+                                            singleThreaded ? "_single_threaded" : "",
+                                            noKernel ? "_no_kernel" : "");
 
         auto ret = ProcessSession{
-                .host = Process([&](android::base::borrowed_fd writeEnd,
+                .host = Process([=](android::base::borrowed_fd writeEnd,
                                     android::base::borrowed_fd readEnd) {
-                    auto certVerifier = std::make_shared<RpcCertificateVerifierSimple>();
-                    sp<RpcServer> server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(rpcSecurity, certVerifier));
-
-                    server->setMaxThreads(options.numThreads);
-
-                    unsigned int outPort = 0;
-
-                    switch (socketType) {
-                        case SocketType::PRECONNECTED:
-                            [[fallthrough]];
-                        case SocketType::UNIX:
-                            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupUnixDomainServer(addr.c_str())) << addr;
-                            break;
-                        case SocketType::VSOCK:
-                            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupVsockServer(vsockPort));
-                            break;
-                        case SocketType::INET: {
-                            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupInetServer(kLocalInetAddress, 0, &outPort));
-                            CHECK_NE(0, outPort);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        default:
-                            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown socket type");
-                    }
-
-                    BinderRpcTestServerInfo serverInfo;
-                    serverInfo.port = static_cast<int64_t>(outPort);
-                    serverInfo.cert.data = server->getCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat::PEM);
-                    writeToFd(writeEnd, serverInfo);
-                    auto clientInfo = readFromFd<BinderRpcTestClientInfo>(readEnd);
-
-                    if (rpcSecurity == RpcSecurity::TLS) {
-                        for (const auto& clientCert : clientInfo.certs) {
-                            CHECK_EQ(OK,
-                                     certVerifier
-                                             ->addTrustedPeerCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat::PEM,
-                                                                         clientCert.data));
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    configure(server);
-
-                    server->join();
-
-                    // Another thread calls shutdown. Wait for it to complete.
-                    (void)server->shutdown();
+                    auto writeFd = std::to_string(writeEnd.get());
+                    auto readFd = std::to_string(readEnd.get());
+                    execl(servicePath.c_str(), servicePath.c_str(), writeFd.c_str(), readFd.c_str(),
+                          NULL);
                 }),
         };
 
+        BinderRpcTestServerConfig serverConfig;
+        serverConfig.numThreads = options.numThreads;
+        serverConfig.socketType = static_cast<int32_t>(socketType);
+        serverConfig.rpcSecurity = static_cast<int32_t>(rpcSecurity);
+        serverConfig.serverVersion = serverVersion;
+        serverConfig.vsockPort = allocateVsockPort();
+        serverConfig.addr = allocateSocketAddress();
+        for (auto mode : options.serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes) {
+            serverConfig.serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.push_back(
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(mode));
+        }
+        writeToFd(ret.host.writeEnd(), serverConfig);
+
         std::vector<sp<RpcSession>> sessions;
         auto certVerifier = std::make_shared<RpcCertificateVerifierSimple>();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < options.numSessions; i++) {
@@ -618,20 +356,22 @@
         status_t status;
 
         for (const auto& session : sessions) {
+            CHECK(session->setProtocolVersion(clientVersion));
             session->setMaxIncomingThreads(options.numIncomingConnections);
             session->setMaxOutgoingThreads(options.numOutgoingConnections);
+            session->setFileDescriptorTransportMode(options.clientFileDescriptorTransportMode);
 
             switch (socketType) {
                 case SocketType::PRECONNECTED:
                     status = session->setupPreconnectedClient({}, [=]() {
-                        return connectTo(UnixSocketAddress(addr.c_str()));
+                        return connectTo(UnixSocketAddress(serverConfig.addr.c_str()));
                     });
                     break;
                 case SocketType::UNIX:
-                    status = session->setupUnixDomainClient(addr.c_str());
+                    status = session->setupUnixDomainClient(serverConfig.addr.c_str());
                     break;
                 case SocketType::VSOCK:
-                    status = session->setupVsockClient(VMADDR_CID_LOCAL, vsockPort);
+                    status = session->setupVsockClient(VMADDR_CID_LOCAL, serverConfig.vsockPort);
                     break;
                 case SocketType::INET:
                     status = session->setupInetClient("127.0.0.1", serverInfo.port);
@@ -639,52 +379,22 @@
                 default:
                     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown socket type");
             }
+            if (options.allowConnectFailure && status != OK) {
+                ret.sessions.clear();
+                break;
+            }
             CHECK_EQ(status, OK) << "Could not connect: " << statusToString(status);
             ret.sessions.push_back({session, session->getRootObject()});
         }
         return ret;
     }
 
-    BinderRpcTestProcessSession createRpcTestSocketServerProcess(const Options& options) {
+    BinderRpcTestProcessSession createRpcTestSocketServerProcess(const BinderRpcOptions& options) {
         BinderRpcTestProcessSession ret{
-                .proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess(
-                        options,
-                        [&](const sp<RpcServer>& server) {
-                            server->setPerSessionRootObject([&](const sockaddr* addr,
-                                                                socklen_t len) {
-                                sp<MyBinderRpcTest> service = sp<MyBinderRpcTest>::make();
-                                switch (addr->sa_family) {
-                                    case AF_UNIX:
-                                        // nothing to save
-                                        break;
-                                    case AF_VSOCK:
-                                        CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_vm));
-                                        service->port = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_vm*>(addr)
-                                                                ->svm_port;
-                                        break;
-                                    case AF_INET:
-                                        CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
-                                        service->port =
-                                                ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in*>(addr)
-                                                              ->sin_port);
-                                        break;
-                                    case AF_INET6:
-                                        CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
-                                        service->port =
-                                                ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in6*>(addr)
-                                                              ->sin6_port);
-                                        break;
-                                    default:
-                                        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unrecognized address family %d",
-                                                         addr->sa_family);
-                                }
-                                service->server = server;
-                                return service;
-                            });
-                        }),
+                .proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcessEtc(options),
         };
 
-        ret.rootBinder = ret.proc.sessions.at(0).root;
+        ret.rootBinder = ret.proc.sessions.empty() ? nullptr : ret.proc.sessions.at(0).root;
         ret.rootIface = interface_cast<IBinderRpcTest>(ret.rootBinder);
 
         return ret;
@@ -694,6 +404,18 @@
                                      size_t sleepMs = 500);
 };
 
+// Test fixture for tests that start multiple threads.
+// This includes tests with one thread but multiple sessions,
+// since a server uses one thread per session.
+class BinderRpcThreads : public BinderRpc {
+public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        if constexpr (!kEnableRpcThreads) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Test skipped because threads were disabled at build time";
+        }
+    }
+};
+
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, Ping) {
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
     ASSERT_NE(proc.rootBinder, nullptr);
@@ -706,7 +428,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(IBinderRpcTest::descriptor, proc.rootBinder->getInterfaceDescriptor());
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, MultipleSessions) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, MultipleSessions) {
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({.numThreads = 1, .numSessions = 5});
     for (auto session : proc.proc.sessions) {
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session.root);
@@ -714,7 +436,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, SeparateRootObject) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, SeparateRootObject) {
     SocketType type = std::get<0>(GetParam());
     if (type == SocketType::PRECONNECTED || type == SocketType::UNIX) {
         // we can't get port numbers for unix sockets
@@ -752,7 +474,7 @@
     p1.markForBinder(proc1.rootBinder);
     p1.writeInt32(3);
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(BAD_TYPE, p1.appendFrom(&pRaw, 0, p1.dataSize()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(BAD_TYPE, p1.appendFrom(&pRaw, 0, pRaw.dataSize()));
     EXPECT_EQ(BAD_TYPE, pRaw.appendFrom(&p1, 0, p1.dataSize()));
 
     Parcel p2;
@@ -791,6 +513,13 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(single + single, doubled);
 }
 
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, InvalidNullBinderReturn) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
+
+    sp<IBinder> outBinder;
+    EXPECT_EQ(proc.rootIface->getNullBinder(&outBinder).transactionError(), UNEXPECTED_NULL);
+}
+
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, CallMeBack) {
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
@@ -890,7 +619,7 @@
               proc1.rootIface->repeatBinder(proc2.rootBinder, &outBinder).transactionError());
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, CannotMixBindersBetweenTwoSessionsToTheSameServer) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, CannotMixBindersBetweenTwoSessionsToTheSameServer) {
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({.numThreads = 1, .numSessions = 2});
 
     sp<IBinder> outBinder;
@@ -900,6 +629,11 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, CannotSendRegularBinderOverSocketBinder) {
+    if (!kEnableKernelIpc || noKernel()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder kernel driver was disabled "
+                        "at build time.";
+    }
+
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
     sp<IBinder> someRealBinder = IInterface::asBinder(defaultServiceManager());
@@ -909,6 +643,11 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, CannotSendSocketBinderOverRegularBinder) {
+    if (!kEnableKernelIpc || noKernel()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder kernel driver was disabled "
+                        "at build time.";
+    }
+
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
     // for historical reasons, IServiceManager interface only returns the
@@ -928,7 +667,13 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, NestedTransactions) {
-    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            // Enable FD support because it uses more stack space and so represents
+            // something closer to a worst case scenario.
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
 
     auto nastyNester = sp<MyBinderRpcTest>::make();
     EXPECT_OK(proc.rootIface->nestMe(nastyNester, 10));
@@ -1030,7 +775,7 @@
     return duration_cast<milliseconds>(system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, ThreadPoolGreaterThanEqualRequested) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, ThreadPoolGreaterThanEqualRequested) {
     constexpr size_t kNumThreads = 10;
 
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({.numThreads = kNumThreads});
@@ -1081,14 +826,14 @@
     EXPECT_LE(epochMsAfter, epochMsBefore + 3 * sleepMs);
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, ThreadPoolOverSaturated) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, ThreadPoolOverSaturated) {
     constexpr size_t kNumThreads = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumCalls = kNumThreads + 3;
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({.numThreads = kNumThreads});
     testThreadPoolOverSaturated(proc.rootIface, kNumCalls);
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, ThreadPoolLimitOutgoing) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, ThreadPoolLimitOutgoing) {
     constexpr size_t kNumThreads = 20;
     constexpr size_t kNumOutgoingConnections = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumCalls = kNumOutgoingConnections + 3;
@@ -1097,7 +842,7 @@
     testThreadPoolOverSaturated(proc.rootIface, kNumCalls);
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, ThreadingStressTest) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, ThreadingStressTest) {
     constexpr size_t kNumClientThreads = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumServerThreads = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumCalls = 100;
@@ -1126,7 +871,7 @@
     for (auto& t : threads) t.join();
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, OnewayStressTest) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, OnewayStressTest) {
     constexpr size_t kNumClientThreads = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumServerThreads = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumCalls = 1000;
@@ -1161,7 +906,7 @@
     EXPECT_LT(epochMsAfter, epochMsBefore + kReallyLongTimeMs);
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, OnewayCallQueueing) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, OnewayCallQueueing) {
     constexpr size_t kNumSleeps = 10;
     constexpr size_t kNumExtraServerThreads = 4;
     constexpr size_t kSleepMs = 50;
@@ -1190,7 +935,7 @@
     saturateThreadPool(1 + kNumExtraServerThreads, proc.rootIface);
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, OnewayCallExhaustion) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, OnewayCallExhaustion) {
     constexpr size_t kNumClients = 2;
     constexpr size_t kTooLongMs = 1000;
 
@@ -1233,11 +978,21 @@
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, Callbacks) {
     const static std::string kTestString = "good afternoon!";
 
+    bool bothSingleThreaded = !kEnableRpcThreads || singleThreaded();
+
     for (bool callIsOneway : {true, false}) {
         for (bool callbackIsOneway : {true, false}) {
             for (bool delayed : {true, false}) {
+                if (bothSingleThreaded && (callIsOneway || callbackIsOneway || delayed)) {
+                    // we have no incoming connections to receive the callback
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                size_t numIncomingConnections = bothSingleThreaded ? 0 : 1;
                 auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess(
-                        {.numThreads = 1, .numSessions = 1, .numIncomingConnections = 1});
+                        {.numThreads = 1,
+                         .numSessions = 1,
+                         .numIncomingConnections = numIncomingConnections});
                 auto cb = sp<MyBinderRpcCallback>::make();
 
                 if (callIsOneway) {
@@ -1248,9 +1003,14 @@
                             proc.rootIface->doCallback(cb, callbackIsOneway, delayed, kTestString));
                 }
 
-                using std::literals::chrono_literals::operator""s;
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> _l(cb->mMutex);
-                cb->mCv.wait_for(_l, 1s, [&] { return !cb->mValues.empty(); });
+                // if both transactions are synchronous and the response is sent back on the
+                // same thread, everything should have happened in a nested call. Otherwise,
+                // the callback will be processed on another thread.
+                if (callIsOneway || callbackIsOneway || delayed) {
+                    using std::literals::chrono_literals::operator""s;
+                    RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(cb->mMutex);
+                    cb->mCv.wait_for(_l, 1s, [&] { return !cb->mValues.empty(); });
+                }
 
                 EXPECT_EQ(cb->mValues.size(), 1)
                         << "callIsOneway: " << callIsOneway
@@ -1270,6 +1030,12 @@
                 // need to manually shut it down
                 EXPECT_TRUE(proc.proc.sessions.at(0).session->shutdownAndWait(true));
 
+                proc.proc.host.setCustomExitStatusCheck([](int wstatus) {
+                    // Flaky. Sometimes gets SIGABRT.
+                    EXPECT_TRUE((WIFEXITED(wstatus) && WEXITSTATUS(wstatus) == 0) ||
+                                (WIFSIGNALED(wstatus) && WTERMSIG(wstatus) == SIGABRT))
+                            << "server process failed: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+                });
                 proc.expectAlreadyShutdown = true;
             }
         }
@@ -1299,33 +1065,185 @@
         EXPECT_EQ(DEAD_OBJECT, proc.rootIface->die(doDeathCleanup).transactionError())
                 << "Do death cleanup: " << doDeathCleanup;
 
+        proc.proc.host.setCustomExitStatusCheck([](int wstatus) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(WIFEXITED(wstatus) && WEXITSTATUS(wstatus) == 1)
+                    << "server process failed incorrectly: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+        });
         proc.expectAlreadyShutdown = true;
     }
 }
 
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, UseKernelBinderCallingId) {
-    bool okToFork = ProcessState::selfOrNull() == nullptr;
+    // This test only works if the current process shared the internal state of
+    // ProcessState with the service across the call to fork(). Both the static
+    // libraries and libbinder.so have their own separate copies of all the
+    // globals, so the test only works when the test client and service both use
+    // libbinder.so (when using static libraries, even a client and service
+    // using the same kind of static library should have separate copies of the
+    // variables).
+    if (!kEnableSharedLibs || singleThreaded() || noKernel()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder kernel driver was disabled "
+                        "at build time.";
+    }
 
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
-    // If this process has used ProcessState already, then the forked process
-    // cannot use it at all. If this process hasn't used it (depending on the
-    // order tests are run), then the forked process can use it, and we'll only
-    // catch the invalid usage the second time. Such is the burden of global
-    // state!
-    if (okToFork) {
-        // we can't allocate IPCThreadState so actually the first time should
-        // succeed :(
-        EXPECT_OK(proc.rootIface->useKernelBinderCallingId());
-    }
+    // we can't allocate IPCThreadState so actually the first time should
+    // succeed :(
+    EXPECT_OK(proc.rootIface->useKernelBinderCallingId());
 
     // second time! we catch the error :)
     EXPECT_EQ(DEAD_OBJECT, proc.rootIface->useKernelBinderCallingId().transactionError());
 
+    proc.proc.host.setCustomExitStatusCheck([](int wstatus) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(WIFSIGNALED(wstatus) && WTERMSIG(wstatus) == SIGABRT)
+                << "server process failed incorrectly: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+    });
     proc.expectAlreadyShutdown = true;
 }
 
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, FileDescriptorTransportRejectNone) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+            .allowConnectFailure = true,
+    });
+    EXPECT_TRUE(proc.proc.sessions.empty()) << "session connections should have failed";
+    proc.proc.host.terminate();
+    proc.proc.host.setCustomExitStatusCheck([](int wstatus) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(WIFSIGNALED(wstatus) && WTERMSIG(wstatus) == SIGTERM)
+                << "server process failed incorrectly: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+    });
+    proc.expectAlreadyShutdown = true;
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, FileDescriptorTransportRejectUnix) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE},
+            .allowConnectFailure = true,
+    });
+    EXPECT_TRUE(proc.proc.sessions.empty()) << "session connections should have failed";
+    proc.proc.host.terminate();
+    proc.proc.host.setCustomExitStatusCheck([](int wstatus) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(WIFSIGNALED(wstatus) && WTERMSIG(wstatus) == SIGTERM)
+                << "server process failed incorrectly: " << WaitStatusToString(wstatus);
+    });
+    proc.expectAlreadyShutdown = true;
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, FileDescriptorTransportOptionalUnix) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE,
+                     RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
+
+    android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor out;
+    auto status = proc.rootIface->echoAsFile("hello", &out);
+    EXPECT_EQ(status.transactionError(), FDS_NOT_ALLOWED) << status;
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, ReceiveFile) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
+
+    android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor out;
+    auto status = proc.rootIface->echoAsFile("hello", &out);
+    if (!supportsFdTransport()) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(status.transactionError(), BAD_VALUE) << status;
+        return;
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status;
+
+    std::string result;
+    CHECK(android::base::ReadFdToString(out.get(), &result));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result, "hello");
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, SendFiles) {
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
+
+    std::vector<android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor> files;
+    files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("123")));
+    files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("a")));
+    files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("b")));
+    files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("cd")));
+
+    android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor out;
+    auto status = proc.rootIface->concatFiles(files, &out);
+    if (!supportsFdTransport()) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(status.transactionError(), BAD_VALUE) << status;
+        return;
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status;
+
+    std::string result;
+    CHECK(android::base::ReadFdToString(out.get(), &result));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result, "123abcd");
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, SendMaxFiles) {
+    if (!supportsFdTransport()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Would fail trivially (which is tested by BinderRpc::SendFiles)";
+    }
+
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
+
+    std::vector<android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor> files;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 253; i++) {
+        files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("a")));
+    }
+
+    android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor out;
+    auto status = proc.rootIface->concatFiles(files, &out);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status;
+
+    std::string result;
+    CHECK(android::base::ReadFdToString(out.get(), &result));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result, std::string(253, 'a'));
+}
+
+TEST_P(BinderRpc, SendTooManyFiles) {
+    if (!supportsFdTransport()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Would fail trivially (which is tested by BinderRpc::SendFiles)";
+    }
+
+    auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({
+            .clientFileDescriptorTransportMode = RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX,
+            .serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes =
+                    {RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::UNIX},
+    });
+
+    std::vector<android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor> files;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 254; i++) {
+        files.emplace_back(android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor(mockFileDescriptor("a")));
+    }
+
+    android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor out;
+    auto status = proc.rootIface->concatFiles(files, &out);
+    EXPECT_EQ(status.transactionError(), BAD_VALUE) << status;
+}
+
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, WorksWithLibbinderNdkPing) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableSharedLibs) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder was built as a static library";
+    }
+
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
     ndk::SpAIBinder binder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder(proc.rootBinder));
@@ -1335,6 +1253,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(BinderRpc, WorksWithLibbinderNdkUserTransaction) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableSharedLibs) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder was built as a static library";
+    }
+
     auto proc = createRpcTestSocketServerProcess({});
 
     ndk::SpAIBinder binder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AIBinder_fromPlatformBinder(proc.rootBinder));
@@ -1359,7 +1281,7 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpc, Fds) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcThreads, Fds) {
     ssize_t beforeFds = countFds();
     ASSERT_GE(beforeFds, 0);
     {
@@ -1382,20 +1304,90 @@
 static bool testSupportVsockLoopback() {
     // We don't need to enable TLS to know if vsock is supported.
     unsigned int vsockPort = allocateVsockPort();
-    sp<RpcServer> server = RpcServer::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make());
-    if (status_t status = server->setupVsockServer(vsockPort); status != OK) {
-        if (status == -EAFNOSUPPORT) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Could not setup vsock server: %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
-    }
-    server->start();
 
-    sp<RpcSession> session = RpcSession::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make());
-    status_t status = session->setupVsockClient(VMADDR_CID_LOCAL, vsockPort);
-    while (!server->shutdown()) usleep(10000);
-    ALOGE("Detected vsock loopback supported: %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
-    return status == OK;
+    android::base::unique_fd serverFd(
+            TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(AF_VSOCK, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)));
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(serverFd == -1, "Could not create socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+
+    sockaddr_vm serverAddr{
+            .svm_family = AF_VSOCK,
+            .svm_port = vsockPort,
+            .svm_cid = VMADDR_CID_ANY,
+    };
+    int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+            bind(serverFd.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&serverAddr), sizeof(serverAddr)));
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(0 != ret, "Could not bind socket to port %u: %s", vsockPort,
+                        strerror(errno));
+
+    ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(listen(serverFd.get(), 1 /*backlog*/));
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(0 != ret, "Could not listen socket on port %u: %s", vsockPort,
+                        strerror(errno));
+
+    // Try to connect to the server using the VMADDR_CID_LOCAL cid
+    // to see if the kernel supports it. It's safe to use a blocking
+    // connect because vsock sockets have a 2 second connection timeout,
+    // and they return ETIMEDOUT after that.
+    android::base::unique_fd connectFd(
+            TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(AF_VSOCK, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)));
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(connectFd == -1, "Could not create socket for port %u: %s", vsockPort,
+                        strerror(errno));
+
+    bool success = false;
+    sockaddr_vm connectAddr{
+            .svm_family = AF_VSOCK,
+            .svm_port = vsockPort,
+            .svm_cid = VMADDR_CID_LOCAL,
+    };
+    ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(connect(connectFd.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&connectAddr),
+                                     sizeof(connectAddr)));
+    if (ret != 0 && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINPROGRESS)) {
+        android::base::unique_fd acceptFd;
+        while (true) {
+            pollfd pfd[]{
+                    {.fd = serverFd.get(), .events = POLLIN, .revents = 0},
+                    {.fd = connectFd.get(), .events = POLLOUT, .revents = 0},
+            };
+            ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(poll(pfd, arraysize(pfd), -1));
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(ret < 0, "Error polling: %s", strerror(errno));
+
+            if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN) {
+                sockaddr_vm acceptAddr;
+                socklen_t acceptAddrLen = sizeof(acceptAddr);
+                ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(accept4(serverFd.get(),
+                                                 reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&acceptAddr),
+                                                 &acceptAddrLen, SOCK_CLOEXEC));
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(ret < 0, "Could not accept4 socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(acceptAddrLen != static_cast<socklen_t>(sizeof(acceptAddr)),
+                                    "Truncated address");
+
+                // Store the fd in acceptFd so we keep the connection alive
+                // while polling connectFd
+                acceptFd.reset(ret);
+            }
+
+            if (pfd[1].revents & POLLOUT) {
+                // Connect either succeeded or timed out
+                int connectErrno;
+                socklen_t connectErrnoLen = sizeof(connectErrno);
+                int ret = getsockopt(connectFd.get(), SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &connectErrno,
+                                     &connectErrnoLen);
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(ret == -1,
+                                    "Could not getsockopt() after connect() "
+                                    "on non-blocking socket: %s.",
+                                    strerror(errno));
+
+                // We're done, this is all we wanted
+                success = connectErrno == 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        success = ret == 0;
+    }
+
+    ALOGE("Detected vsock loopback supported: %s", success ? "yes" : "no");
+
+    return success;
 }
 
 static std::vector<SocketType> testSocketTypes(bool hasPreconnected = true) {
@@ -1412,9 +1404,31 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+static std::vector<uint32_t> testVersions() {
+    std::vector<uint32_t> versions;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_NEXT; i++) {
+        versions.push_back(i);
+    }
+    versions.push_back(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL);
+    return versions;
+}
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(PerSocket, BinderRpc,
                         ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(testSocketTypes()),
-                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(RpcSecurityValues())),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(RpcSecurityValues()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(testVersions()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(testVersions()),
+                                           ::testing::Values(false, true),
+                                           ::testing::Values(false, true)),
+                        BinderRpc::PrintParamInfo);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(PerSocket, BinderRpcThreads,
+                        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(testSocketTypes()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(RpcSecurityValues()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(testVersions()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(testVersions()),
+                                           ::testing::Values(false),
+                                           ::testing::Values(false, true)),
                         BinderRpc::PrintParamInfo);
 
 class BinderRpcServerRootObject
@@ -1468,9 +1482,14 @@
     bool mValue = false;
 };
 
-TEST_P(BinderRpcSimple, Shutdown) {
+TEST_P(BinderRpcServerOnly, Shutdown) {
+    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcThreads) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test skipped because threads were disabled at build time";
+    }
+
     auto addr = allocateSocketAddress();
-    auto server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(GetParam()));
+    auto server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(std::get<0>(GetParam())));
+    server->setProtocolVersion(std::get<1>(GetParam()));
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, server->setupUnixDomainServer(addr.c_str()));
     auto joinEnds = std::make_shared<OneOffSignal>();
 
@@ -1499,6 +1518,11 @@
                     "createRpcDelegateServiceManager() with a device attached, such test belongs "
                     "to binderHostDeviceTest. Hence, just disable this test on host.";
 #endif // !__ANDROID__
+    if constexpr (!kEnableKernelIpc) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test disabled because Binder kernel driver was disabled "
+                        "at build time.";
+    }
+
     sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, sm);
     // Any Java service with non-empty getInterfaceDescriptor() would do.
@@ -1540,12 +1564,17 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, rpcBinder->pingBinder());
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(BinderRpc, BinderRpcSimple, ::testing::ValuesIn(RpcSecurityValues()),
-                        BinderRpcSimple::PrintTestParam);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(BinderRpc, BinderRpcServerOnly,
+                        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(RpcSecurityValues()),
+                                           ::testing::ValuesIn(testVersions())),
+                        BinderRpcServerOnly::PrintTestParam);
 
 class RpcTransportTestUtils {
 public:
-    using Param = std::tuple<SocketType, RpcSecurity, std::optional<RpcCertificateFormat>>;
+    // Only parameterized only server version because `RpcSession` is bypassed
+    // in the client half of the tests.
+    using Param =
+            std::tuple<SocketType, RpcSecurity, std::optional<RpcCertificateFormat>, uint32_t>;
     using ConnectToServer = std::function<base::unique_fd()>;
 
     // A server that handles client socket connections.
@@ -1557,8 +1586,9 @@
         [[nodiscard]] AssertionResult setUp(
                 const Param& param,
                 std::unique_ptr<RpcAuth> auth = std::make_unique<RpcAuthSelfSigned>()) {
-            auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = param;
+            auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = param;
             auto rpcServer = RpcServer::make(newFactory(rpcSecurity));
+            rpcServer->setProtocolVersion(serverVersion);
             switch (socketType) {
                 case SocketType::PRECONNECTED: {
                     return AssertionFailure() << "Not supported by this test";
@@ -1676,7 +1706,8 @@
                                                   FdTrigger* fdTrigger) {
             std::string message(kMessage);
             iovec messageIov{message.data(), message.size()};
-            auto status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &messageIov, 1, {});
+            auto status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &messageIov, 1,
+                                                                   std::nullopt, nullptr);
             if (status != OK) return AssertionFailure() << statusToString(status);
             return AssertionSuccess();
         }
@@ -1687,7 +1718,8 @@
         explicit Client(ConnectToServer connectToServer) : mConnectToServer(connectToServer) {}
         Client(Client&&) = default;
         [[nodiscard]] AssertionResult setUp(const Param& param) {
-            auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = param;
+            auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = param;
+            (void)serverVersion;
             mFdTrigger = FdTrigger::make();
             mCtx = newFactory(rpcSecurity, mCertVerifier)->newClientCtx();
             if (mCtx == nullptr) return AssertionFailure() << "newClientCtx";
@@ -1708,8 +1740,9 @@
             LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mClientTransport == nullptr, "setUpTransport not called or failed");
             std::string readMessage(expectedMessage.size(), '\0');
             iovec readMessageIov{readMessage.data(), readMessage.size()};
-            status_t readStatus = mClientTransport->interruptableReadFully(mFdTrigger.get(),
-                                                                           &readMessageIov, 1, {});
+            status_t readStatus =
+                    mClientTransport->interruptableReadFully(mFdTrigger.get(), &readMessageIov, 1,
+                                                             std::nullopt, nullptr);
             if (readStatus != OK) {
                 return AssertionFailure() << statusToString(readStatus);
             }
@@ -1757,23 +1790,28 @@
     using Server = RpcTransportTestUtils::Server;
     using Client = RpcTransportTestUtils::Client;
     static inline std::string PrintParamInfo(const testing::TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
-        auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = info.param;
+        auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = info.param;
         auto ret = PrintToString(socketType) + "_" + newFactory(rpcSecurity)->toCString();
         if (certificateFormat.has_value()) ret += "_" + PrintToString(*certificateFormat);
+        ret += "_serverV" + std::to_string(serverVersion);
         return ret;
     }
     static std::vector<ParamType> getRpcTranportTestParams() {
         std::vector<ParamType> ret;
-        for (auto socketType : testSocketTypes(false /* hasPreconnected */)) {
-            for (auto rpcSecurity : RpcSecurityValues()) {
-                switch (rpcSecurity) {
-                    case RpcSecurity::RAW: {
-                        ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, std::nullopt);
-                    } break;
-                    case RpcSecurity::TLS: {
-                        ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, RpcCertificateFormat::PEM);
-                        ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, RpcCertificateFormat::DER);
-                    } break;
+        for (auto serverVersion : testVersions()) {
+            for (auto socketType : testSocketTypes(false /* hasPreconnected */)) {
+                for (auto rpcSecurity : RpcSecurityValues()) {
+                    switch (rpcSecurity) {
+                        case RpcSecurity::RAW: {
+                            ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, std::nullopt, serverVersion);
+                        } break;
+                        case RpcSecurity::TLS: {
+                            ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, RpcCertificateFormat::PEM,
+                                             serverVersion);
+                            ret.emplace_back(socketType, rpcSecurity, RpcCertificateFormat::DER,
+                                             serverVersion);
+                        } break;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1781,9 +1819,15 @@
     }
     template <typename A, typename B>
     status_t trust(const A& a, const B& b) {
-        auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = GetParam();
+        auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+        (void)serverVersion;
         return RpcTransportTestUtils::trust(rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, a, b);
     }
+    void SetUp() override {
+        if constexpr (!kEnableRpcThreads) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Test skipped because threads were disabled at build time";
+        }
+    }
 };
 
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTest, GoodCertificate) {
@@ -1817,7 +1861,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTest, UntrustedServer) {
-    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = GetParam();
+    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+    (void)serverVersion;
 
     auto untrustedServer = std::make_unique<Server>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(untrustedServer->setUp(GetParam()));
@@ -1835,7 +1880,9 @@
     client.run(handshakeOk);
 }
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTest, MaliciousServer) {
-    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = GetParam();
+    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+    (void)serverVersion;
+
     auto validServer = std::make_unique<Server>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(validServer->setUp(GetParam()));
 
@@ -1858,7 +1905,9 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTest, UntrustedClient) {
-    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = GetParam();
+    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+    (void)serverVersion;
+
     auto server = std::make_unique<Server>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(server->setUp(GetParam()));
 
@@ -1877,7 +1926,9 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTest, MaliciousClient) {
-    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat] = GetParam();
+    auto [socketType, rpcSecurity, certificateFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+    (void)serverVersion;
+
     auto server = std::make_unique<Server>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(server->setUp(GetParam()));
 
@@ -1904,7 +1955,8 @@
     auto serverPostConnect = [&](RpcTransport* serverTransport, FdTrigger* fdTrigger) {
         std::string message(RpcTransportTestUtils::kMessage);
         iovec messageIov{message.data(), message.size()};
-        auto status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &messageIov, 1, {});
+        auto status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &messageIov, 1,
+                                                               std::nullopt, nullptr);
         if (status != OK) return AssertionFailure() << statusToString(status);
 
         {
@@ -1915,7 +1967,8 @@
         }
 
         iovec msg2Iov{msg2.data(), msg2.size()};
-        status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &msg2Iov, 1, {});
+        status = serverTransport->interruptableWriteFully(fdTrigger, &msg2Iov, 1, std::nullopt,
+                                                          nullptr);
         if (status != DEAD_OBJECT)
             return AssertionFailure() << "When FdTrigger is shut down, interruptableWriteFully "
                                          "should return DEAD_OBJECT, but it is "
@@ -1962,23 +2015,28 @@
                         RpcTransportTest::PrintParamInfo);
 
 class RpcTransportTlsKeyTest
-      : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<SocketType, RpcCertificateFormat, RpcKeyFormat>> {
+      : public testing::TestWithParam<
+                std::tuple<SocketType, RpcCertificateFormat, RpcKeyFormat, uint32_t>> {
 public:
     template <typename A, typename B>
     status_t trust(const A& a, const B& b) {
-        auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat] = GetParam();
+        auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
+        (void)serverVersion;
         return RpcTransportTestUtils::trust(RpcSecurity::TLS, certificateFormat, a, b);
     }
     static std::string PrintParamInfo(const testing::TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
-        auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat] = info.param;
-        auto ret = PrintToString(socketType) + "_certificate_" + PrintToString(certificateFormat) +
-                "_key_" + PrintToString(keyFormat);
-        return ret;
+        auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat, serverVersion] = info.param;
+        return PrintToString(socketType) + "_certificate_" + PrintToString(certificateFormat) +
+                "_key_" + PrintToString(keyFormat) + "_serverV" + std::to_string(serverVersion);
     };
 };
 
 TEST_P(RpcTransportTlsKeyTest, PreSignedCertificate) {
-    auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat] = GetParam();
+    if constexpr (!kEnableRpcThreads) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test skipped because threads were disabled at build time";
+    }
+
+    auto [socketType, certificateFormat, keyFormat, serverVersion] = GetParam();
 
     std::vector<uint8_t> pkeyData, certData;
     {
@@ -1993,8 +2051,8 @@
     auto desPkey = deserializeUnencryptedPrivatekey(pkeyData, keyFormat);
     auto desCert = deserializeCertificate(certData, certificateFormat);
     auto auth = std::make_unique<RpcAuthPreSigned>(std::move(desPkey), std::move(desCert));
-    auto utilsParam =
-            std::make_tuple(socketType, RpcSecurity::TLS, std::make_optional(certificateFormat));
+    auto utilsParam = std::make_tuple(socketType, RpcSecurity::TLS,
+                                      std::make_optional(certificateFormat), serverVersion);
 
     auto server = std::make_unique<RpcTransportTestUtils::Server>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(server->setUp(utilsParam, std::move(auth)));
@@ -2013,7 +2071,8 @@
         BinderRpc, RpcTransportTlsKeyTest,
         testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(testSocketTypes(false /* hasPreconnected*/)),
                          testing::Values(RpcCertificateFormat::PEM, RpcCertificateFormat::DER),
-                         testing::Values(RpcKeyFormat::PEM, RpcKeyFormat::DER)),
+                         testing::Values(RpcKeyFormat::PEM, RpcKeyFormat::DER),
+                         testing::ValuesIn(testVersions())),
         RpcTransportTlsKeyTest::PrintParamInfo);
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d9aa95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "binderRpcTestCommon.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+std::atomic<int32_t> MyBinderRpcSession::gNum;
+sp<IBinder> MyBinderRpcTest::mHeldBinder;
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.h b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4513d36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestCommon.h
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <BinderRpcTestClientInfo.h>
+#include <BinderRpcTestServerConfig.h>
+#include <BinderRpcTestServerInfo.h>
+#include <BnBinderRpcCallback.h>
+#include <BnBinderRpcSession.h>
+#include <BnBinderRpcTest.h>
+#include <aidl/IBinderRpcTest.h>
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
+#include <android/binder_libbinder.h>
+#include <binder/Binder.h>
+#include <binder/BpBinder.h>
+#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+#include <binder/RpcServer.h>
+#include <binder/RpcSession.h>
+#include <binder/RpcThreads.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTlsTestUtils.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTlsUtils.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTransport.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTransportTls.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include "../BuildFlags.h"
+#include "../FdTrigger.h"
+#include "../RpcSocketAddress.h" // for testing preconnected clients
+#include "../RpcState.h"         // for debugging
+#include "../vm_sockets.h"       // for VMADDR_*
+#include "utils/Errors.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+constexpr char kLocalInetAddress[] = "127.0.0.1";
+
+enum class RpcSecurity { RAW, TLS };
+
+static inline std::vector<RpcSecurity> RpcSecurityValues() {
+    return {RpcSecurity::RAW, RpcSecurity::TLS};
+}
+
+enum class SocketType {
+    PRECONNECTED,
+    UNIX,
+    VSOCK,
+    INET,
+};
+static inline std::string PrintToString(SocketType socketType) {
+    switch (socketType) {
+        case SocketType::PRECONNECTED:
+            return "preconnected_uds";
+        case SocketType::UNIX:
+            return "unix_domain_socket";
+        case SocketType::VSOCK:
+            return "vm_socket";
+        case SocketType::INET:
+            return "inet_socket";
+        default:
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown socket type");
+            return "";
+    }
+}
+
+struct BinderRpcOptions {
+    size_t numThreads = 1;
+    size_t numSessions = 1;
+    size_t numIncomingConnections = 0;
+    size_t numOutgoingConnections = SIZE_MAX;
+    RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode clientFileDescriptorTransportMode =
+            RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE;
+    std::vector<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>
+            serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes = {
+                    RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode::NONE};
+
+    // If true, connection failures will result in `ProcessSession::sessions` being empty
+    // instead of a fatal error.
+    bool allowConnectFailure = false;
+};
+
+static inline void writeString(android::base::borrowed_fd fd, std::string_view str) {
+    uint64_t length = str.length();
+    CHECK(android::base::WriteFully(fd, &length, sizeof(length)));
+    CHECK(android::base::WriteFully(fd, str.data(), str.length()));
+}
+
+static inline std::string readString(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
+    uint64_t length;
+    CHECK(android::base::ReadFully(fd, &length, sizeof(length)));
+    std::string ret(length, '\0');
+    CHECK(android::base::ReadFully(fd, ret.data(), length));
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static inline void writeToFd(android::base::borrowed_fd fd, const Parcelable& parcelable) {
+    Parcel parcel;
+    CHECK_EQ(OK, parcelable.writeToParcel(&parcel));
+    writeString(fd, std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(parcel.data()), parcel.dataSize()));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+static inline T readFromFd(android::base::borrowed_fd fd) {
+    std::string data = readString(fd);
+    Parcel parcel;
+    CHECK_EQ(OK, parcel.setData(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(data.data()), data.size()));
+    T object;
+    CHECK_EQ(OK, object.readFromParcel(&parcel));
+    return object;
+}
+
+static inline std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> newFactory(
+        RpcSecurity rpcSecurity, std::shared_ptr<RpcCertificateVerifier> verifier = nullptr,
+        std::unique_ptr<RpcAuth> auth = nullptr) {
+    switch (rpcSecurity) {
+        case RpcSecurity::RAW:
+            return RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make();
+        case RpcSecurity::TLS: {
+            if (verifier == nullptr) {
+                verifier = std::make_shared<RpcCertificateVerifierSimple>();
+            }
+            if (auth == nullptr) {
+                auth = std::make_unique<RpcAuthSelfSigned>();
+            }
+            return RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::make(std::move(verifier), std::move(auth));
+        }
+        default:
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown RpcSecurity %d", rpcSecurity);
+    }
+}
+
+// Create an FD that returns `contents` when read.
+static inline base::unique_fd mockFileDescriptor(std::string contents) {
+    android::base::unique_fd readFd, writeFd;
+    CHECK(android::base::Pipe(&readFd, &writeFd)) << strerror(errno);
+    RpcMaybeThread([writeFd = std::move(writeFd), contents = std::move(contents)]() {
+        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); // ignore possible SIGPIPE from the write
+        if (!WriteStringToFd(contents, writeFd)) {
+            int savedErrno = errno;
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(EPIPE != savedErrno, "mockFileDescriptor write failed: %s",
+                                strerror(savedErrno));
+        }
+    }).detach();
+    return readFd;
+}
+
+using android::binder::Status;
+
+class MyBinderRpcSession : public BnBinderRpcSession {
+public:
+    static std::atomic<int32_t> gNum;
+
+    MyBinderRpcSession(const std::string& name) : mName(name) { gNum++; }
+    Status getName(std::string* name) override {
+        *name = mName;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    ~MyBinderRpcSession() { gNum--; }
+
+private:
+    std::string mName;
+};
+
+class MyBinderRpcCallback : public BnBinderRpcCallback {
+    Status sendCallback(const std::string& value) {
+        RpcMutexUniqueLock _l(mMutex);
+        mValues.push_back(value);
+        _l.unlock();
+        mCv.notify_one();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status sendOnewayCallback(const std::string& value) { return sendCallback(value); }
+
+public:
+    RpcMutex mMutex;
+    RpcConditionVariable mCv;
+    std::vector<std::string> mValues;
+};
+
+class MyBinderRpcTest : public BnBinderRpcTest {
+public:
+    wp<RpcServer> server;
+    int port = 0;
+
+    Status sendString(const std::string& str) override {
+        (void)str;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status doubleString(const std::string& str, std::string* strstr) override {
+        *strstr = str + str;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status getClientPort(int* out) override {
+        *out = port;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status countBinders(std::vector<int32_t>* out) override {
+        sp<RpcServer> spServer = server.promote();
+        if (spServer == nullptr) {
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
+        }
+        out->clear();
+        for (auto session : spServer->listSessions()) {
+            size_t count = session->state()->countBinders();
+            out->push_back(count);
+        }
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status getNullBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) override {
+        out->clear();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status pingMe(const sp<IBinder>& binder, int32_t* out) override {
+        if (binder == nullptr) {
+            std::cout << "Received null binder!" << std::endl;
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
+        }
+        *out = binder->pingBinder();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status repeatBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder, sp<IBinder>* out) override {
+        *out = binder;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    static sp<IBinder> mHeldBinder;
+    Status holdBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder) override {
+        mHeldBinder = binder;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status getHeldBinder(sp<IBinder>* held) override {
+        *held = mHeldBinder;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status nestMe(const sp<IBinderRpcTest>& binder, int count) override {
+        if (count <= 0) return Status::ok();
+        return binder->nestMe(this, count - 1);
+    }
+    Status alwaysGiveMeTheSameBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) override {
+        static sp<IBinder> binder = new BBinder;
+        *out = binder;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status openSession(const std::string& name, sp<IBinderRpcSession>* out) override {
+        *out = new MyBinderRpcSession(name);
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status getNumOpenSessions(int32_t* out) override {
+        *out = MyBinderRpcSession::gNum;
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    RpcMutex blockMutex;
+    Status lock() override {
+        blockMutex.lock();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status unlockInMsAsync(int32_t ms) override {
+        usleep(ms * 1000);
+        blockMutex.unlock();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    Status lockUnlock() override {
+        RpcMutexLockGuard _l(blockMutex);
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Status sleepMs(int32_t ms) override {
+        usleep(ms * 1000);
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Status sleepMsAsync(int32_t ms) override {
+        // In-process binder calls are asynchronous, but the call to this method
+        // is synchronous wrt its client. This in/out-process threading model
+        // diffentiation is a classic binder leaky abstraction (for better or
+        // worse) and is preserved here the way binder sockets plugs itself
+        // into BpBinder, as nothing is changed at the higher levels
+        // (IInterface) which result in this behavior.
+        return sleepMs(ms);
+    }
+
+    Status doCallback(const sp<IBinderRpcCallback>& callback, bool oneway, bool delayed,
+                      const std::string& value) override {
+        if (callback == nullptr) {
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
+        }
+
+        if (delayed) {
+            RpcMaybeThread([=]() {
+                ALOGE("Executing delayed callback: '%s'", value.c_str());
+                Status status = doCallback(callback, oneway, false, value);
+                ALOGE("Delayed callback status: '%s'", status.toString8().c_str());
+            }).detach();
+            return Status::ok();
+        }
+
+        if (oneway) {
+            return callback->sendOnewayCallback(value);
+        }
+
+        return callback->sendCallback(value);
+    }
+
+    Status doCallbackAsync(const sp<IBinderRpcCallback>& callback, bool oneway, bool delayed,
+                           const std::string& value) override {
+        return doCallback(callback, oneway, delayed, value);
+    }
+
+    Status die(bool cleanup) override {
+        if (cleanup) {
+            exit(1);
+        } else {
+            _exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Status scheduleShutdown() override {
+        sp<RpcServer> strongServer = server.promote();
+        if (strongServer == nullptr) {
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(Status::EX_NULL_POINTER);
+        }
+        RpcMaybeThread([=] {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!strongServer->shutdown(), "Could not shutdown");
+        }).detach();
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Status useKernelBinderCallingId() override {
+        // this is WRONG! It does not make sense when using RPC binder, and
+        // because it is SO wrong, and so much code calls this, it should abort!
+
+        if constexpr (kEnableKernelIpc) {
+            (void)IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
+        }
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Status echoAsFile(const std::string& content, android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor* out) override {
+        out->reset(mockFileDescriptor(content));
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Status concatFiles(const std::vector<android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor>& files,
+                       android::os::ParcelFileDescriptor* out) override {
+        std::string acc;
+        for (const auto& file : files) {
+            std::string result;
+            CHECK(android::base::ReadFdToString(file.get(), &result));
+            acc.append(result);
+        }
+        out->reset(mockFileDescriptor(acc));
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestService.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestService.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31eb5da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTestService.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "binderRpcTestCommon.h"
+
+using namespace android;
+
+int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(argc != 3, "Invalid number of arguments: %d", argc);
+    base::unique_fd writeEnd(atoi(argv[1]));
+    base::unique_fd readEnd(atoi(argv[2]));
+
+    auto serverConfig = readFromFd<BinderRpcTestServerConfig>(readEnd);
+    auto socketType = static_cast<SocketType>(serverConfig.socketType);
+    auto rpcSecurity = static_cast<RpcSecurity>(serverConfig.rpcSecurity);
+
+    std::vector<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>
+            serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes;
+    for (auto mode : serverConfig.serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes) {
+        serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes.push_back(
+                static_cast<RpcSession::FileDescriptorTransportMode>(mode));
+    }
+
+    auto certVerifier = std::make_shared<RpcCertificateVerifierSimple>();
+    sp<RpcServer> server = RpcServer::make(newFactory(rpcSecurity, certVerifier));
+
+    server->setProtocolVersion(serverConfig.serverVersion);
+    server->setMaxThreads(serverConfig.numThreads);
+    server->setSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes(serverSupportedFileDescriptorTransportModes);
+
+    unsigned int outPort = 0;
+
+    switch (socketType) {
+        case SocketType::PRECONNECTED:
+            [[fallthrough]];
+        case SocketType::UNIX:
+            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupUnixDomainServer(serverConfig.addr.c_str()))
+                    << serverConfig.addr;
+            break;
+        case SocketType::VSOCK:
+            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupVsockServer(serverConfig.vsockPort));
+            break;
+        case SocketType::INET: {
+            CHECK_EQ(OK, server->setupInetServer(kLocalInetAddress, 0, &outPort));
+            CHECK_NE(0, outPort);
+            break;
+        }
+        default:
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown socket type");
+    }
+
+    BinderRpcTestServerInfo serverInfo;
+    serverInfo.port = static_cast<int64_t>(outPort);
+    serverInfo.cert.data = server->getCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat::PEM);
+    writeToFd(writeEnd, serverInfo);
+    auto clientInfo = readFromFd<BinderRpcTestClientInfo>(readEnd);
+
+    if (rpcSecurity == RpcSecurity::TLS) {
+        for (const auto& clientCert : clientInfo.certs) {
+            CHECK_EQ(OK,
+                     certVerifier->addTrustedPeerCertificate(RpcCertificateFormat::PEM,
+                                                             clientCert.data));
+        }
+    }
+
+    server->setPerSessionRootObject([&](const void* addrPtr, size_t len) {
+        // UNIX sockets with abstract addresses return
+        // sizeof(sa_family_t)==2 in addrlen
+        CHECK_GE(len, sizeof(sa_family_t));
+        const sockaddr* addr = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(addrPtr);
+        sp<MyBinderRpcTest> service = sp<MyBinderRpcTest>::make();
+        switch (addr->sa_family) {
+            case AF_UNIX:
+                // nothing to save
+                break;
+            case AF_VSOCK:
+                CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_vm));
+                service->port = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_vm*>(addr)->svm_port;
+                break;
+            case AF_INET:
+                CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
+                service->port = ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in*>(addr)->sin_port);
+                break;
+            case AF_INET6:
+                CHECK_EQ(len, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
+                service->port = ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in6*>(addr)->sin6_port);
+                break;
+            default:
+                LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unrecognized address family %d", addr->sa_family);
+        }
+        service->server = server;
+        return service;
+    });
+
+    server->join();
+
+    // Another thread calls shutdown. Wait for it to complete.
+    (void)server->shutdown();
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp
index 4fcf42d..3dab2c7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp
@@ -233,11 +233,15 @@
         "0100000025000000|03000000|00000000|ffffffff|03000000|00000000|00000000|"
         "07000000020000003a0044000000000000000000|f8ffffff020000003a002f00000000000000000008000000";
 
+TEST(RpcWire, V0) {
+    checkRepr(kCurrentRepr, 0);
+}
+
 TEST(RpcWire, CurrentVersion) {
     checkRepr(kCurrentRepr, RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
 }
 
-static_assert(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == 0,
+static_assert(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL,
               "If the binder wire protocol is updated, this test should test additional versions. "
               "The binder wire protocol should only be updated on upstream AOSP.");
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/Android.bp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/Android.bp
index e5d32da..2ca6ebd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/Android.bp
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libbinder_random_parcel",
     host_supported: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
     target: {
         darwin: {
             enabled: false,
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder.cpp
index 47ec776..7059d30 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder.cpp
@@ -73,20 +73,20 @@
     uint8_t data[1337];
 };
 
-#define PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(T, FUN) \
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with status";\
-        T t{};\
-        status_t status = p.FUN(&t);\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " status: " << status /* << " value: " << t*/;\
+#define PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(T, FUN)                                  \
+    [](const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {   \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with status"; \
+        T t{};                                                           \
+        status_t status = p.FUN(&t);                                     \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " status: " << status /* << " value: " << t*/;  \
     }
 
-#define PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(T, FUN) \
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with no status";\
-        T t = p.FUN();\
-        (void) t;\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " done " /* << " value: " << t*/;\
+#define PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(T, FUN)                                       \
+    [](const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {      \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with no status"; \
+        T t = p.FUN();                                                      \
+        (void)t;                                                            \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " done " /* << " value: " << t*/;                  \
     }
 
 #define PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(T, FUN) \
@@ -102,7 +102,9 @@
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, dataPosition),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, dataCapacity),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(::android::binder::Status, enforceNoDataAvail),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t pos) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        // aborts on larger values
+        size_t pos = provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, INT32_MAX);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to setDataPosition: " << pos;
         p.setDataPosition(pos);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "setDataPosition done";
@@ -111,13 +113,13 @@
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, hasFileDescriptors),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(std::vector<android::sp<android::IBinder>>, debugReadAllStrongBinders),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(std::vector<int>, debugReadAllFileDescriptors),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t len) {
-        std::string interface(len, 'a');
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        std::string interface = provider.ConsumeRandomLengthString();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to enforceInterface: " << interface;
         bool b = p.enforceInterface(::android::String16(interface.c_str()));
         FUZZ_LOG() << "enforced interface: " << b;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*len*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to checkInterface";
         android::sp<android::IBinder> aBinder = new android::BBinder();
         bool b = p.checkInterface(aBinder.get());
@@ -125,13 +127,16 @@
     },
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, objectsCount),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(status_t, errorCheck),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t len) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        // Read at least a bit. Unbounded allocation would OOM.
+        size_t len = provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, 1024);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read void*";
         std::vector<uint8_t> data(len);
         status_t status = p.read(data.data(), len);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "read status: " << status;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t len) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t len = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readInplace";
         const void* r = p.readInplace(len);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "readInplace done. pointer: " << r << " bytes: " << (r ? HexString(r, len) : "null");
@@ -149,13 +154,13 @@
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::string, readUtf8FromUtf16),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::unique_ptr<std::string>, readUtf8FromUtf16),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::optional<std::string>, readUtf8FromUtf16),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read c-str";
         const char* str = p.readCString();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "read c-str: " << (str ? str : "<empty string>");
     },
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(android::String8, readString8),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readString8Inplace";
         size_t outLen = 0;
         const char* str = p.readString8Inplace(&outLen);
@@ -165,7 +170,7 @@
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(android::String16, readString16),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::unique_ptr<android::String16>, readString16),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::optional<android::String16>, readString16),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readString16Inplace";
         size_t outLen = 0;
         const char16_t* str = p.readString16Inplace(&outLen);
@@ -263,13 +268,13 @@
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::optional<std::array<std::array<std::optional<ExampleParcelable> COMMA 3> COMMA 4>>, readFixedArray),
 #undef COMMA
 
-    [] (const android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*len*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read flattenable";
         ExampleFlattenable f;
         status_t status = p.read(f);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "read flattenable: " << status;
     },
-    [] (const android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*len*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read lite flattenable";
         ExampleLightFlattenable f;
         status_t status = p.read(f);
@@ -284,7 +289,7 @@
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::unique_ptr<std::vector<BigStruct>>, resizeOutVector),
 
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(int32_t, readExceptionCode),
-    [] (const android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*len*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readNativeHandle";
         native_handle_t* t = p.readNativeHandle();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "readNativeHandle: " << t;
@@ -303,15 +308,16 @@
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::optional<std::vector<android::base::unique_fd>>, readUniqueFileDescriptorVector),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::vector<android::base::unique_fd>, readUniqueFileDescriptorVector),
 
-    [] (const android::Parcel& p, uint8_t len) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t len = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readBlob";
         ::android::Parcel::ReadableBlob blob;
         status_t status = p.readBlob(len, &blob);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "readBlob status: " << status;
     },
-    [] (const android::Parcel& p, uint8_t options) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readObject";
-        bool nullMetaData = options & 0x1;
+        bool nullMetaData = provider.ConsumeBool();
         const void* obj = static_cast<const void*>(p.readObject(nullMetaData));
         FUZZ_LOG() << "readObject: " << obj;
     },
@@ -319,20 +325,19 @@
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, getOpenAshmemSize),
 
     // additional parcelable objects defined in libbinder
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t data) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
         using ::android::os::ParcelableHolder;
         using ::android::Parcelable;
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read ParcelableHolder using readParcelable with status";
-        Parcelable::Stability stability = Parcelable::Stability::STABILITY_LOCAL;
-        if ( (data & 1) == 1 ) {
-            stability = Parcelable::Stability::STABILITY_VINTF;
-        }
+        Parcelable::Stability stability = provider.ConsumeBool()
+            ? Parcelable::Stability::STABILITY_LOCAL
+            : Parcelable::Stability::STABILITY_VINTF;
         ParcelableHolder t = ParcelableHolder(stability);
         status_t status = p.readParcelable(&t);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "ParcelableHolder status: " << status;
     },
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(android::os::PersistableBundle, readParcelable),
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /* data */) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to call hasFileDescriptorsInRange() with status";
         size_t offset = p.readUint32();
         size_t length = p.readUint32();
@@ -340,7 +345,7 @@
         status_t status = p.hasFileDescriptorsInRange(offset, length, &result);
         FUZZ_LOG() << " status: " << status  << " result: " << result;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, uint8_t /* data */) {
+    [] (const ::android::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to call compareDataInRange() with status";
         size_t thisOffset = p.readUint32();
         size_t otherOffset = p.readUint32();
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.cpp
index 5aeb5cc..26d6770 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 }
 
 #define PARCEL_READ(T, FUN)                                              \
-    [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {                    \
+    [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {    \
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with status"; \
         T t{};                                                           \
         binder_status_t status = FUN(p.aParcel(), &t);                   \
@@ -80,32 +80,37 @@
 // clang-format off
 std::vector<ParcelRead<NdkParcelAdapter>> BINDER_NDK_PARCEL_READ_FUNCTIONS{
         // methods from binder_parcel.h
-        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t pos) {
+        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+            // aborts on larger values
+            size_t pos = provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, INT32_MAX);
             FUZZ_LOG() << "about to set data position to " << pos;
             binder_status_t status = AParcel_setDataPosition(p.aParcel(), pos);
             FUZZ_LOG() << "set data position: " << status;
         },
-        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
             FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read status header";
             ndk::ScopedAStatus t;
             binder_status_t status = AParcel_readStatusHeader(p.aParcel(), t.getR());
             FUZZ_LOG() << "read status header: " << status;
         },
-        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
             FUZZ_LOG() << "about to getDataSize the parcel";
             AParcel_getDataSize(p.aParcel());
             FUZZ_LOG() << "getDataSize done";
         },
-        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t data) {
+        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
             FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read a ParcelableHolder";
-            ndk::AParcelableHolder ph {(data % 2 == 1) ? ndk::STABILITY_LOCAL : ndk::STABILITY_VINTF};
+            ndk::AParcelableHolder ph {provider.ConsumeBool() ? ndk::STABILITY_LOCAL : ndk::STABILITY_VINTF};
             binder_status_t status = AParcel_readParcelable(p.aParcel(), &ph);
             FUZZ_LOG() << "read the ParcelableHolder: " << status;
         },
-        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, uint8_t data) {
-            FUZZ_LOG() << "about to appendFrom";
+        [](const NdkParcelAdapter& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+            size_t offset = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+            size_t pos = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
+            FUZZ_LOG() << "about to appendFrom " << pos;
+            // TODO: create random parcel
             AParcel* parcel = AParcel_create();
-            binder_status_t status = AParcel_appendFrom(p.aParcel(), parcel, 0, data);
+            binder_status_t status = AParcel_appendFrom(p.aParcel(), parcel, offset, pos);
             AParcel_delete(parcel);
             FUZZ_LOG() << "appendFrom: " << status;
         },
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.h b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.h
index cf24ab9..81e79b5 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.h
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/binder_ndk.h
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@
         return aParcel()->get()->setData(buffer, len);
     }
 
+    android::status_t appendFrom(const NdkParcelAdapter* parcel, int32_t start, int32_t len) {
+        return AParcel_appendFrom(parcel->aParcel(), aParcel(), start, len);
+    }
+
 private:
     ndk::ScopedAParcel mParcel;
 };
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/hwbinder.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/hwbinder.cpp
index ee9840f..438e8ae 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/hwbinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/hwbinder.cpp
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@
 #define PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(T, FUN) \
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(T, FUN), PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(T, FUN)
 
-#define PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(T, FUN) \
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with no status";\
-        T t = p.FUN();\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " value: " << t;\
+#define PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(T, FUN)                                            \
+    [](const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) { \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with no status";      \
+        T t = p.FUN();                                                           \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " value: " << t;                                        \
     }
 
-#define PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(T, FUN) \
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with status";\
-        T t;\
-        status_t status = p.FUN(&t);\
-        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " status: " << status << " value: " << t;\
+#define PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(T, FUN)                                          \
+    [](const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) { \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read " #T " using " #FUN " with status";         \
+        T t;                                                                     \
+        status_t status = p.FUN(&t);                                             \
+        FUZZ_LOG() << #T " status: " << status << " value: " << t;               \
     }
 
 // clang-format off
@@ -56,27 +56,30 @@
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, dataAvail),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, dataPosition),
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, dataCapacity),
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t pos) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        // aborts on larger values
+        size_t pos = provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, INT32_MAX);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to setDataPosition: " << pos;
         p.setDataPosition(pos);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "setDataPosition done";
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t length) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to enforceInterface";
-        std::string interfaceName(length, 'a');
-        bool okay = p.enforceInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+        bool okay = p.enforceInterface(provider.ConsumeRandomLengthString().c_str());
         FUZZ_LOG() << "enforceInterface status: " << okay;
     },
     PARCEL_READ_NO_STATUS(size_t, objectsCount),
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t length) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        // Read at least a bit. Unbounded allocation would OOM.
+        size_t length = provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, 1024);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read";
         std::vector<uint8_t> data (length);
         status_t status = p.read(data.data(), length);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "read status: " << status << " data: " << HexString(data.data(), data.size());
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t length) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t length = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to read";
-        std::vector<uint8_t> data (length);
         const void* inplace = p.readInplace(length);
         FUZZ_LOG() << "read status: " << (inplace ? HexString(inplace, length) : "null");
     },
@@ -91,14 +94,14 @@
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(float, readFloat),
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(double, readDouble),
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(bool, readBool),
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readCString";
         const char* str = p.readCString();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "readCString " << (str ? str : "<null>");
     },
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(::android::String16, readString16),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(std::unique_ptr<::android::String16>, readString16),
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readString16Inplace";
         size_t outSize = 0;
         const char16_t* str = p.readString16Inplace(&outSize);
@@ -106,7 +109,8 @@
     },
     PARCEL_READ_OPT_STATUS(::android::sp<::android::hardware::IBinder>, readStrongBinder),
     PARCEL_READ_WITH_STATUS(::android::sp<::android::hardware::IBinder>, readNullableStrongBinder),
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t size) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t size = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readBuffer";
         size_t handle = 0;
         const void* data = nullptr;
@@ -116,7 +120,8 @@
         // should be null since we don't create any IPC objects
         CHECK(data == nullptr) << data;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t size) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t size = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readNullableBuffer";
         size_t handle = 0;
         const void* data = nullptr;
@@ -126,7 +131,8 @@
         // should be null since we don't create any IPC objects
         CHECK(data == nullptr) << data;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t size) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t size = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readEmbeddedBuffer";
         size_t handle = 0;
         size_t parent_buffer_handle = 0;
@@ -138,7 +144,8 @@
         // should be null since we don't create any IPC objects
         CHECK(data == nullptr) << data;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t size) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider) {
+        size_t size = provider.ConsumeIntegral<size_t>();
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readNullableEmbeddedBuffer";
         size_t handle = 0;
         size_t parent_buffer_handle = 0;
@@ -150,7 +157,7 @@
         // should be null since we don't create any IPC objects
         CHECK(data == nullptr) << data;
     },
-    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, uint8_t /*data*/) {
+    [] (const ::android::hardware::Parcel& p, FuzzedDataProvider& /*provider*/) {
         FUZZ_LOG() << "about to readNativeHandleNoDup";
         const native_handle_t* handle = nullptr;
         status_t status = p.readNativeHandleNoDup(&handle);
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/main.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/main.cpp
index f435dae..180a177 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/main.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/main.cpp
@@ -83,22 +83,36 @@
     FUZZ_LOG() << "input: " << HexString(p.data(), p.dataSize());
     FUZZ_LOG() << "instructions: " << HexString(instructions.data(), instructions.size());
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < instructions.size(); i += 2) {
-        uint8_t a = instructions[i];
-        uint8_t readIdx = a % reads.size();
+    FuzzedDataProvider instructionsProvider(instructions.data(), instructions.size());
+    while (instructionsProvider.remaining_bytes() > 0) {
+        uint8_t idx = instructionsProvider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint8_t>(0, reads.size() - 1);
 
-        uint8_t b = instructions[i + 1];
+        FUZZ_LOG() << "Instruction " << idx << " avail: " << p.dataAvail()
+                   << " pos: " << p.dataPosition() << " cap: " << p.dataCapacity();
 
-        FUZZ_LOG() << "Instruction: " << (i / 2) + 1 << "/" << instructions.size() / 2
-                   << " cmd: " << static_cast<size_t>(a) << " (" << static_cast<size_t>(readIdx)
-                   << ") arg: " << static_cast<size_t>(b) << " size: " << p.dataSize()
-                   << " avail: " << p.dataAvail() << " pos: " << p.dataPosition()
-                   << " cap: " << p.dataCapacity();
-
-        reads[readIdx](p, b);
+        reads[idx](p, instructionsProvider);
     }
 }
 
+// Append two random parcels.
+template <typename P>
+void doAppendFuzz(const char* backend, FuzzedDataProvider&& provider) {
+    int32_t start = provider.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+    int32_t len = provider.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> bytes = provider.ConsumeBytes<uint8_t>(
+            provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, provider.remaining_bytes()));
+
+    P p0, p1;
+    fillRandomParcel(&p0, FuzzedDataProvider(bytes.data(), bytes.size()));
+    fillRandomParcel(&p1, std::move(provider));
+
+    FUZZ_LOG() << "backend: " << backend;
+    FUZZ_LOG() << "start: " << start << " len: " << len;
+
+    p0.appendFrom(&p1, start, len);
+}
+
 void* NothingClass_onCreate(void* args) {
     return args;
 }
@@ -148,6 +162,12 @@
                 doReadFuzz<NdkParcelAdapter>("binder_ndk", BINDER_NDK_PARCEL_READ_FUNCTIONS,
                                              std::move(provider));
             },
+            [](FuzzedDataProvider&& provider) {
+                doAppendFuzz<::android::Parcel>("binder", std::move(provider));
+            },
+            [](FuzzedDataProvider&& provider) {
+                doAppendFuzz<NdkParcelAdapter>("binder_ndk", std::move(provider));
+            },
     };
 
     provider.PickValueInArray(fuzzBackend)(std::move(provider));
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/parcel_fuzzer.h b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/parcel_fuzzer.h
index b68a8a9..765a93e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/parcel_fuzzer.h
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/parcel_fuzzer.h
@@ -15,5 +15,9 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+
 template <typename P>
-using ParcelRead = std::function<void(const P& p, uint8_t data)>;
+using ParcelRead = std::function<void(const P& p, FuzzedDataProvider& provider)>;
diff --git a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
index 7e9bb7d..d169043 100644
--- a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
+++ b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
@@ -300,11 +300,11 @@
     }
 
     std::vector<tis_val_t> vals(gNCpus);
-    time_key_t key = {.uid = uid};
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= (maxFreqCount - 1) / FREQS_PER_ENTRY; ++i) {
-        key.bucket = i;
+        const time_key_t key = {.uid = uid, .bucket = i};
         if (findMapEntry(gTisMapFd, &key, vals.data())) {
-            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gTisMapFd, &key)) return {};
+            time_key_t tmpKey;
+            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gTisMapFd, &tmpKey)) return {};
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -412,10 +412,11 @@
     concurrent_time_t ret = {.active = std::vector<uint64_t>(gNCpus, 0)};
     for (const auto &cpuList : gPolicyCpus) ret.policy.emplace_back(cpuList.size(), 0);
     std::vector<concurrent_val_t> vals(gNCpus);
-    time_key_t key = {.uid = uid};
-    for (key.bucket = 0; key.bucket <= (gNCpus - 1) / CPUS_PER_ENTRY; ++key.bucket) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= (gNCpus - 1) / CPUS_PER_ENTRY; ++i) {
+        const time_key_t key = {.uid = uid, .bucket = i};
         if (findMapEntry(gConcurrentMapFd, &key, vals.data())) {
-            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gConcurrentMapFd, &key)) return {};
+            time_key_t tmpKey;
+            if (errno != ENOENT || getFirstMapKey(gConcurrentMapFd, &tmpKey)) return {};
             continue;
         }
         auto offset = key.bucket * CPUS_PER_ENTRY;
diff --git a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
index 3551a8f..a6585c5 100644
--- a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
+++ b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
@@ -85,8 +85,20 @@
 
 /* list of hal interface to dump containing process during native dumps */
 static const std::vector<std::string> aidl_interfaces_to_dump {
+        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol.IAudioControl",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.evs.IEvsEnumerator",
+        "android.hardware.biometrics.face.IBiometricsFace",
+        "android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint.IBiometricsFingerprint",
         "android.hardware.camera.provider.ICameraProvider",
+        "android.hardware.drm.IDrmFactory",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator.IAllocator",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer3.IComposer",
+        "android.hardware.health.IHealth",
         "android.hardware.input.processor.IInputProcessor",
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks.IDevice",
+        "android.hardware.power.IPower",
+        "android.hardware.power.stats.IPowerStats",
+        "android.hardware.sensors.ISensors",
 };
 
 /* list of extra hal interfaces to dump containing process during native dumps */
diff --git a/libs/graphicsenv/OWNERS b/libs/graphicsenv/OWNERS
index 8c28464..347c4e0 100644
--- a/libs/graphicsenv/OWNERS
+++ b/libs/graphicsenv/OWNERS
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
+abdolrashidi@google.com
+cclao@google.com
 chrisforbes@google.com
 cnorthrop@google.com
+ianelliott@google.com
+lfy@google.com
 lpy@google.com
-timvp@google.com
+romanl@google.com
+vantablack@google.com
+yuxinhu@google.com
diff --git a/libs/gui/Android.bp b/libs/gui/Android.bp
index d634c58..5a2b92b 100644
--- a/libs/gui/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/gui/Android.bp
@@ -316,7 +316,6 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "libgui_bufferqueue-defaults",
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -337,7 +336,7 @@
     },
 
     whole_static_libs: [
-        "LibGuiProperties",
+        "libLibGuiProperties",
     ],
 
     shared_libs: [
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Android.bp b/libs/gui/tests/Android.bp
index e58543a..fc68ad2 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Android.bp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
     name: "libgui_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -75,7 +74,6 @@
     name: "libgui_multilib_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -102,7 +100,6 @@
     name: "SurfaceParcelable_test",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -131,7 +128,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "SamplingDemo",
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
diff --git a/libs/input/Android.bp b/libs/input/Android.bp
index 5d7874a..b2fec79 100644
--- a/libs/input/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/input/Android.bp
@@ -58,8 +58,6 @@
         "VirtualKeyMap.cpp",
     ],
 
-    clang: true,
-
     header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     export_header_lib_headers: ["jni_headers"],
 
@@ -67,6 +65,7 @@
         "libbase",
         "liblog",
         "libcutils",
+        "libvintf",
     ],
 
     static_libs: [
diff --git a/libs/input/InputDevice.cpp b/libs/input/InputDevice.cpp
index 0bee1b6..a908969 100644
--- a/libs/input/InputDevice.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/InputDevice.cpp
@@ -53,33 +53,39 @@
 }
 
 std::string getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByDeviceIdentifier(
-        const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier,
-        InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type) {
+        const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier, InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type,
+        const char* suffix) {
     if (deviceIdentifier.vendor !=0 && deviceIdentifier.product != 0) {
         if (deviceIdentifier.version != 0) {
             // Try vendor product version.
-            std::string versionPath = getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(
-                    StringPrintf("Vendor_%04x_Product_%04x_Version_%04x",
-                            deviceIdentifier.vendor, deviceIdentifier.product,
-                            deviceIdentifier.version),
-                    type);
+            std::string versionPath =
+                    getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(StringPrintf("Vendor_%04x_Product_%"
+                                                                           "04x_Version_%04x%s",
+                                                                           deviceIdentifier.vendor,
+                                                                           deviceIdentifier.product,
+                                                                           deviceIdentifier.version,
+                                                                           suffix),
+                                                              type);
             if (!versionPath.empty()) {
                 return versionPath;
             }
         }
 
         // Try vendor product.
-        std::string productPath = getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(
-                StringPrintf("Vendor_%04x_Product_%04x",
-                        deviceIdentifier.vendor, deviceIdentifier.product),
-                type);
+        std::string productPath =
+                getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(StringPrintf("Vendor_%04x_Product_%04x%s",
+                                                                       deviceIdentifier.vendor,
+                                                                       deviceIdentifier.product,
+                                                                       suffix),
+                                                          type);
         if (!productPath.empty()) {
             return productPath;
         }
     }
 
     // Try device name.
-    return getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(deviceIdentifier.getCanonicalName(), type);
+    return getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(deviceIdentifier.getCanonicalName() + suffix,
+                                                     type);
 }
 
 std::string getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(
diff --git a/libs/input/KeyLayoutMap.cpp b/libs/input/KeyLayoutMap.cpp
index 7c25cda..59cc7d1 100644
--- a/libs/input/KeyLayoutMap.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/KeyLayoutMap.cpp
@@ -21,24 +21,33 @@
 #include <input/InputEventLabels.h>
 #include <input/KeyLayoutMap.h>
 #include <input/Keyboard.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>
 #include <utils/Tokenizer.h>
+#include <vintf/RuntimeInfo.h>
+#include <vintf/VintfObject.h>
 
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
-// Enables debug output for the parser.
-#define DEBUG_PARSER 0
+/**
+ * Log debug output for the parser.
+ * Enable this via "adb shell setprop log.tag.KeyLayoutMapParser DEBUG" (requires restart)
+ */
+const bool DEBUG_PARSER =
+        __android_log_is_loggable(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG "Parser", ANDROID_LOG_INFO);
 
 // Enables debug output for parser performance.
 #define DEBUG_PARSER_PERFORMANCE 0
 
-// Enables debug output for mapping.
-#define DEBUG_MAPPING 0
-
+/**
+ * Log debug output for mapping.
+ * Enable this via "adb shell setprop log.tag.KeyLayoutMapMapping DEBUG" (requires restart)
+ */
+const bool DEBUG_MAPPING =
+        __android_log_is_loggable(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG "Mapping", ANDROID_LOG_INFO);
 
 namespace android {
 namespace {
@@ -69,6 +78,29 @@
          sensorPair<InputDeviceSensorType::GYROSCOPE_UNCALIBRATED>(),
          sensorPair<InputDeviceSensorType::SIGNIFICANT_MOTION>()};
 
+bool kernelConfigsArePresent(const std::set<std::string>& configs) {
+    std::shared_ptr<const android::vintf::RuntimeInfo> runtimeInfo =
+            android::vintf::VintfObject::GetInstance()->getRuntimeInfo(
+                    vintf::RuntimeInfo::FetchFlag::CONFIG_GZ);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(runtimeInfo == nullptr, "Kernel configs could not be fetched");
+
+    const std::map<std::string, std::string>& kernelConfigs = runtimeInfo->kernelConfigs();
+    for (const std::string& requiredConfig : configs) {
+        const auto configIt = kernelConfigs.find(requiredConfig);
+        if (configIt == kernelConfigs.end()) {
+            ALOGI("Required kernel config %s is not found", requiredConfig.c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+        const std::string& option = configIt->second;
+        if (option != "y" && option != "m") {
+            ALOGI("Required kernel config %s has option %s", requiredConfig.c_str(),
+                  option.c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 KeyLayoutMap::KeyLayoutMap() = default;
@@ -76,32 +108,34 @@
 
 base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> KeyLayoutMap::loadContents(const std::string& filename,
                                                                        const char* contents) {
-    Tokenizer* tokenizer;
-    status_t status = Tokenizer::fromContents(String8(filename.c_str()), contents, &tokenizer);
-    if (status) {
-        ALOGE("Error %d opening key layout map.", status);
-        return Errorf("Error {} opening key layout map file {}.", status, filename.c_str());
-    }
-    std::unique_ptr<Tokenizer> t(tokenizer);
-    auto ret = load(t.get());
-    if (ret.ok()) {
-        (*ret)->mLoadFileName = filename;
-    }
-    return ret;
+    return load(filename, contents);
 }
 
-base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> KeyLayoutMap::load(const std::string& filename) {
+base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> KeyLayoutMap::load(const std::string& filename,
+                                                               const char* contents) {
     Tokenizer* tokenizer;
-    status_t status = Tokenizer::open(String8(filename.c_str()), &tokenizer);
+    status_t status;
+    if (contents == nullptr) {
+        status = Tokenizer::open(String8(filename.c_str()), &tokenizer);
+    } else {
+        status = Tokenizer::fromContents(String8(filename.c_str()), contents, &tokenizer);
+    }
     if (status) {
         ALOGE("Error %d opening key layout map file %s.", status, filename.c_str());
         return Errorf("Error {} opening key layout map file {}.", status, filename.c_str());
     }
     std::unique_ptr<Tokenizer> t(tokenizer);
     auto ret = load(t.get());
-    if (ret.ok()) {
-        (*ret)->mLoadFileName = filename;
+    if (!ret.ok()) {
+        return ret;
     }
+    const std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>& map = *ret;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(map == nullptr, "Returned map should not be null if there's no error");
+    if (!kernelConfigsArePresent(map->mRequiredKernelConfigs)) {
+        ALOGI("Not loading %s because the required kernel configs are not set", filename.c_str());
+        return Errorf("Missing kernel config");
+    }
+    map->mLoadFileName = filename;
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -134,9 +168,8 @@
         int32_t* outKeyCode, uint32_t* outFlags) const {
     const Key* key = getKey(scanCode, usageCode);
     if (!key) {
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-        ALOGD("mapKey: scanCode=%d, usageCode=0x%08x ~ Failed.", scanCode, usageCode);
-#endif
+        ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "mapKey: scanCode=%d, usageCode=0x%08x ~ Failed.", scanCode,
+                 usageCode);
         *outKeyCode = AKEYCODE_UNKNOWN;
         *outFlags = 0;
         return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
@@ -145,10 +178,9 @@
     *outKeyCode = key->keyCode;
     *outFlags = key->flags;
 
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-    ALOGD("mapKey: scanCode=%d, usageCode=0x%08x ~ Result keyCode=%d, outFlags=0x%08x.",
-            scanCode, usageCode, *outKeyCode, *outFlags);
-#endif
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING,
+             "mapKey: scanCode=%d, usageCode=0x%08x ~ Result keyCode=%d, outFlags=0x%08x.",
+             scanCode, usageCode, *outKeyCode, *outFlags);
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -156,103 +188,79 @@
 base::Result<std::pair<InputDeviceSensorType, int32_t>> KeyLayoutMap::mapSensor(int32_t absCode) {
     auto it = mSensorsByAbsCode.find(absCode);
     if (it == mSensorsByAbsCode.end()) {
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-        ALOGD("mapSensor: absCode=%d, ~ Failed.", absCode);
-#endif
+        ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "mapSensor: absCode=%d, ~ Failed.", absCode);
         return Errorf("Can't find abs code {}.", absCode);
     }
     const Sensor& sensor = it->second;
-
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-    ALOGD("mapSensor: absCode=%d, sensorType=%s, sensorDataIndex=0x%x.", absCode,
-          ftl::enum_string(sensor.sensorType).c_str(), sensor.sensorDataIndex);
-#endif
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "mapSensor: absCode=%d, sensorType=%s, sensorDataIndex=0x%x.", absCode,
+             ftl::enum_string(sensor.sensorType).c_str(), sensor.sensorDataIndex);
     return std::make_pair(sensor.sensorType, sensor.sensorDataIndex);
 }
 
 const KeyLayoutMap::Key* KeyLayoutMap::getKey(int32_t scanCode, int32_t usageCode) const {
     if (usageCode) {
-        ssize_t index = mKeysByUsageCode.indexOfKey(usageCode);
-        if (index >= 0) {
-            return &mKeysByUsageCode.valueAt(index);
+        auto it = mKeysByUsageCode.find(usageCode);
+        if (it != mKeysByUsageCode.end()) {
+            return &it->second;
         }
     }
     if (scanCode) {
-        ssize_t index = mKeysByScanCode.indexOfKey(scanCode);
-        if (index >= 0) {
-            return &mKeysByScanCode.valueAt(index);
+        auto it = mKeysByScanCode.find(scanCode);
+        if (it != mKeysByScanCode.end()) {
+            return &it->second;
         }
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
 
-status_t KeyLayoutMap::findScanCodesForKey(
-        int32_t keyCode, std::vector<int32_t>* outScanCodes) const {
-    const size_t N = mKeysByScanCode.size();
-    for (size_t i=0; i<N; i++) {
-        if (mKeysByScanCode.valueAt(i).keyCode == keyCode) {
-            outScanCodes->push_back(mKeysByScanCode.keyAt(i));
+std::vector<int32_t> KeyLayoutMap::findScanCodesForKey(int32_t keyCode) const {
+    std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes;
+    for (const auto& [scanCode, key] : mKeysByScanCode) {
+        if (keyCode == key.keyCode) {
+            scanCodes.push_back(scanCode);
         }
     }
-    return NO_ERROR;
+    return scanCodes;
 }
 
-status_t KeyLayoutMap::mapAxis(int32_t scanCode, AxisInfo* outAxisInfo) const {
-    ssize_t index = mAxes.indexOfKey(scanCode);
-    if (index < 0) {
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-        ALOGD("mapAxis: scanCode=%d ~ Failed.", scanCode);
-#endif
-        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+std::optional<AxisInfo> KeyLayoutMap::mapAxis(int32_t scanCode) const {
+    auto it = mAxes.find(scanCode);
+    if (it == mAxes.end()) {
+        ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "mapAxis: scanCode=%d ~ Failed.", scanCode);
+        return std::nullopt;
     }
 
-    *outAxisInfo = mAxes.valueAt(index);
-
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-    ALOGD("mapAxis: scanCode=%d ~ Result mode=%d, axis=%d, highAxis=%d, "
-            "splitValue=%d, flatOverride=%d.",
-            scanCode,
-            outAxisInfo->mode, outAxisInfo->axis, outAxisInfo->highAxis,
-            outAxisInfo->splitValue, outAxisInfo->flatOverride);
-#endif
-    return NO_ERROR;
+    const AxisInfo& axisInfo = it->second;
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING,
+             "mapAxis: scanCode=%d ~ Result mode=%d, axis=%d, highAxis=%d, "
+             "splitValue=%d, flatOverride=%d.",
+             scanCode, axisInfo.mode, axisInfo.axis, axisInfo.highAxis, axisInfo.splitValue,
+             axisInfo.flatOverride);
+    return axisInfo;
 }
 
-status_t KeyLayoutMap::findScanCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode, int32_t* outScanCode) const {
-    const size_t N = mLedsByScanCode.size();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-        if (mLedsByScanCode.valueAt(i).ledCode == ledCode) {
-            *outScanCode = mLedsByScanCode.keyAt(i);
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-            ALOGD("findScanCodeForLed: ledCode=%d, scanCode=%d.", ledCode, *outScanCode);
-#endif
-            return NO_ERROR;
+std::optional<int32_t> KeyLayoutMap::findScanCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode) const {
+    for (const auto& [scanCode, led] : mLedsByScanCode) {
+        if (led.ledCode == ledCode) {
+            ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "%s: ledCode=%d, scanCode=%d.", __func__, ledCode, scanCode);
+            return scanCode;
         }
     }
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-            ALOGD("findScanCodeForLed: ledCode=%d ~ Not found.", ledCode);
-#endif
-    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "%s: ledCode=%d ~ Not found.", __func__, ledCode);
+    return std::nullopt;
 }
 
-status_t KeyLayoutMap::findUsageCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode, int32_t* outUsageCode) const {
-    const size_t N = mLedsByUsageCode.size();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-        if (mLedsByUsageCode.valueAt(i).ledCode == ledCode) {
-            *outUsageCode = mLedsByUsageCode.keyAt(i);
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-            ALOGD("findUsageForLed: ledCode=%d, usage=%x.", ledCode, *outUsageCode);
-#endif
-            return NO_ERROR;
+std::optional<int32_t> KeyLayoutMap::findUsageCodeForLed(int32_t ledCode) const {
+    for (const auto& [usageCode, led] : mLedsByUsageCode) {
+        if (led.ledCode == ledCode) {
+            ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "%s: ledCode=%d, usage=%x.", __func__, ledCode, usageCode);
+            return usageCode;
         }
     }
-#if DEBUG_MAPPING
-            ALOGD("findUsageForLed: ledCode=%d ~ Not found.", ledCode);
-#endif
-    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_MAPPING, "%s: ledCode=%d ~ Not found.", __func__, ledCode);
+    return std::nullopt;
 }
 
-
 // --- KeyLayoutMap::Parser ---
 
 KeyLayoutMap::Parser::Parser(KeyLayoutMap* map, Tokenizer* tokenizer) :
@@ -264,10 +272,8 @@
 
 status_t KeyLayoutMap::Parser::parse() {
     while (!mTokenizer->isEof()) {
-#if DEBUG_PARSER
-        ALOGD("Parsing %s: '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
-                mTokenizer->peekRemainderOfLine().string());
-#endif
+        ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER, "Parsing %s: '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
+                 mTokenizer->peekRemainderOfLine().string());
 
         mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
 
@@ -289,6 +295,10 @@
                 mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
                 status_t status = parseSensor();
                 if (status) return status;
+            } else if (keywordToken == "requires_kernel_config") {
+                mTokenizer->skipDelimiters(WHITESPACE);
+                status_t status = parseRequiredKernelConfig();
+                if (status) return status;
             } else {
                 ALOGE("%s: Expected keyword, got '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
                         keywordToken.string());
@@ -325,8 +335,9 @@
                 mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", codeToken.string());
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Key>& map = mapUsage ? mMap->mKeysByUsageCode : mMap->mKeysByScanCode;
-    if (map.indexOfKey(code) >= 0) {
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Key>& map =
+            mapUsage ? mMap->mKeysByUsageCode : mMap->mKeysByScanCode;
+    if (map.find(code) != map.end()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Duplicate entry for key %s '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
                 mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", codeToken.string());
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -361,14 +372,13 @@
         flags |= flag;
     }
 
-#if DEBUG_PARSER
-    ALOGD("Parsed key %s: code=%d, keyCode=%d, flags=0x%08x.",
-            mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", code, keyCode, flags);
-#endif
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER, "Parsed key %s: code=%d, keyCode=%d, flags=0x%08x.",
+             mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", code, keyCode, flags);
+
     Key key;
     key.keyCode = keyCode;
     key.flags = flags;
-    map.add(code, key);
+    map.insert({code, key});
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -381,7 +391,7 @@
                 scanCodeToken.string());
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    if (mMap->mAxes.indexOfKey(scanCode) >= 0) {
+    if (mMap->mAxes.find(scanCode) != mMap->mAxes.end()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Duplicate entry for axis scan code '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
                 scanCodeToken.string());
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -462,14 +472,12 @@
         }
     }
 
-#if DEBUG_PARSER
-    ALOGD("Parsed axis: scanCode=%d, mode=%d, axis=%d, highAxis=%d, "
-            "splitValue=%d, flatOverride=%d.",
-            scanCode,
-            axisInfo.mode, axisInfo.axis, axisInfo.highAxis,
-            axisInfo.splitValue, axisInfo.flatOverride);
-#endif
-    mMap->mAxes.add(scanCode, axisInfo);
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER,
+             "Parsed axis: scanCode=%d, mode=%d, axis=%d, highAxis=%d, "
+             "splitValue=%d, flatOverride=%d.",
+             scanCode, axisInfo.mode, axisInfo.axis, axisInfo.highAxis, axisInfo.splitValue,
+             axisInfo.flatOverride);
+    mMap->mAxes.insert({scanCode, axisInfo});
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -489,8 +497,9 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    KeyedVector<int32_t, Led>& map = mapUsage ? mMap->mLedsByUsageCode : mMap->mLedsByScanCode;
-    if (map.indexOfKey(code) >= 0) {
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Led>& map =
+            mapUsage ? mMap->mLedsByUsageCode : mMap->mLedsByScanCode;
+    if (map.find(code) != map.end()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Duplicate entry for led %s '%s'.", mTokenizer->getLocation().string(),
                 mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", codeToken.string());
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -505,14 +514,12 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-#if DEBUG_PARSER
-    ALOGD("Parsed led %s: code=%d, ledCode=%d.",
-            mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code", code, ledCode);
-#endif
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER, "Parsed led %s: code=%d, ledCode=%d.", mapUsage ? "usage" : "scan code",
+             code, ledCode);
 
     Led led;
     led.ledCode = ledCode;
-    map.add(code, led);
+    map.insert({code, led});
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -584,10 +591,8 @@
     }
     int32_t sensorDataIndex = indexOpt.value();
 
-#if DEBUG_PARSER
-    ALOGD("Parsed sensor: abs code=%d, sensorType=%s, sensorDataIndex=%d.", code,
-          ftl::enum_string(sensorType).c_str(), sensorDataIndex);
-#endif
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER, "Parsed sensor: abs code=%d, sensorType=%s, sensorDataIndex=%d.", code,
+             ftl::enum_string(sensorType).c_str(), sensorDataIndex);
 
     Sensor sensor;
     sensor.sensorType = sensorType;
@@ -596,4 +601,23 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+// Parse the name of a required kernel config.
+// The layout won't be used if the specified kernel config is not present
+// Examples:
+// requires_kernel_config CONFIG_HID_PLAYSTATION
+status_t KeyLayoutMap::Parser::parseRequiredKernelConfig() {
+    String8 codeToken = mTokenizer->nextToken(WHITESPACE);
+    std::string configName = codeToken.string();
+
+    const auto result = mMap->mRequiredKernelConfigs.emplace(configName);
+    if (!result.second) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Duplicate entry for required kernel config %s.",
+              mTokenizer->getLocation().string(), configName.c_str());
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_PARSER, "Parsed required kernel config: name=%s", configName.c_str());
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/input/Keyboard.cpp b/libs/input/Keyboard.cpp
index f0895b3..c3f5151 100644
--- a/libs/input/Keyboard.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/Keyboard.cpp
@@ -20,16 +20,23 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
-#include <input/Keyboard.h>
-#include <input/InputEventLabels.h>
-#include <input/KeyLayoutMap.h>
-#include <input/KeyCharacterMap.h>
 #include <input/InputDevice.h>
+#include <input/InputEventLabels.h>
+#include <input/KeyCharacterMap.h>
+#include <input/KeyLayoutMap.h>
+#include <input/Keyboard.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <utils/Log.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
+static std::string getPath(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier, const std::string& name,
+                           InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type) {
+    return name.empty()
+            ? getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByDeviceIdentifier(deviceIdentifier, type)
+            : getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(name, type);
+}
+
 // --- KeyMap ---
 
 KeyMap::KeyMap() {
@@ -111,11 +118,25 @@
     }
 
     base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> ret = KeyLayoutMap::load(path);
+    if (ret.ok()) {
+        keyLayoutMap = *ret;
+        keyLayoutFile = path;
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+    // Try to load fallback layout if the regular layout could not be loaded due to missing
+    // kernel modules
+    std::string fallbackPath(
+            getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByDeviceIdentifier(deviceIdentifier,
+                                                                  InputDeviceConfigurationFileType::
+                                                                          KEY_LAYOUT,
+                                                                  "_fallback"));
+    ret = KeyLayoutMap::load(fallbackPath);
     if (!ret.ok()) {
         return ret.error().code();
     }
     keyLayoutMap = *ret;
-    keyLayoutFile = path;
+    keyLayoutFile = fallbackPath;
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -137,14 +158,6 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-std::string KeyMap::getPath(const InputDeviceIdentifier& deviceIdentifier,
-        const std::string& name, InputDeviceConfigurationFileType type) {
-    return name.empty()
-            ? getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByDeviceIdentifier(deviceIdentifier, type)
-            : getInputDeviceConfigurationFilePathByName(name, type);
-}
-
-
 // --- Global functions ---
 
 bool isKeyboardSpecialFunction(const PropertyMap* config) {
diff --git a/libs/input/tests/Android.bp b/libs/input/tests/Android.bp
index 6ffe851..d947cd9 100644
--- a/libs/input/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/input/tests/Android.bp
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
         "liblog",
         "libui",
         "libutils",
+        "libvintf",
     ],
-    data: ["data/*.kcm"],
+    data: ["data/*"],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/input/tests/InputDevice_test.cpp b/libs/input/tests/InputDevice_test.cpp
index 61e88df..e872fa4 100644
--- a/libs/input/tests/InputDevice_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/tests/InputDevice_test.cpp
@@ -64,13 +64,11 @@
         mKeyMap.keyCharacterMapFile = path;
     }
 
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
+    void SetUp() override {
         loadKeyLayout("Generic");
         loadKeyCharacterMap("Generic");
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
     KeyMap mKeyMap;
 };
 
@@ -132,4 +130,20 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(*mKeyMap.keyCharacterMap, *frenchOverlaidKeyCharacterMap);
 }
 
+TEST(InputDeviceKeyLayoutTest, DoesNotLoadWhenRequiredKernelConfigIsMissing) {
+    std::string klPath = base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/data/kl_with_required_fake_config.kl";
+    base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> ret = KeyLayoutMap::load(klPath);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ret.ok()) << "Should not be able to load KeyLayout at " << klPath;
+    // We assert error message here because it's used by 'validatekeymaps' tool
+    ASSERT_EQ("Missing kernel config", ret.error().message());
+}
+
+TEST(InputDeviceKeyLayoutTest, LoadsWhenRequiredKernelConfigIsPresent) {
+    std::string klPath = base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/data/kl_with_required_real_config.kl";
+    base::Result<std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>> ret = KeyLayoutMap::load(klPath);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.ok()) << "Cannot load KeyLayout at " << klPath;
+    const std::shared_ptr<KeyLayoutMap>& map = *ret;
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, map) << "Map should be valid because CONFIG_UHID should always be present";
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_fake_config.kl b/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_fake_config.kl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d0a507
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_fake_config.kl
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# This KL should not be loaded unless the below config is present in the kernel
+# This config will never exist, and therefore this KL should never be loaded
+requires_kernel_config CONFIG_HID_FAKEMODULE
+
+# An arbitrary mapping taken from another file
+key 0x130    BUTTON_X
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_real_config.kl b/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_real_config.kl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..303b23e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/input/tests/data/kl_with_required_real_config.kl
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# This KL should not be loaded unless the below config is present in the kernel
+# The CONFIG_UHID option has been required for a while, and therefore it's safe
+# to assume that this will always be loaded
+requires_kernel_config CONFIG_UHID
+
+# An arbitrary mapping taken from another file
+key 0x130    BUTTON_X
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp b/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
index ed728dc..4659b96 100644
--- a/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libnativedisplay_headers",
-    export_include_dirs: ["include",],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@
         "include-private",
     ],
 
-    clang: true,
-
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp b/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
index d30efa1..dd07319 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
@@ -77,8 +77,6 @@
         "include-private",
     ],
 
-    clang: true,
-
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/Android.bp b/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
index cb92df3..f6f57dd 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
@@ -111,7 +111,6 @@
     name: "librenderengine",
     defaults: ["librenderengine_defaults"],
     double_loadable: true,
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-fvisibility=hidden",
         "-Werror=format",
diff --git a/libs/sensor/Android.bp b/libs/sensor/Android.bp
index edd453a..2b93c6e 100644
--- a/libs/sensor/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/sensor/Android.bp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libsensor",
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -53,5 +52,9 @@
 
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
-    export_shared_lib_headers: ["libbinder", "libpermission", "libhardware"],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libpermission",
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/libs/sensor/tests/Android.bp b/libs/sensor/tests/Android.bp
index 8fdb003..ac4be44 100644
--- a/libs/sensor/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/sensor/tests/Android.bp
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "libsensor_test",
 
-    clang: true,
-
-    cflags: ["-Wall", "-Werror"],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
 
     srcs: [
         "Sensor_test.cpp",
diff --git a/libs/ui/Android.bp b/libs/ui/Android.bp
index d138495..0f771a9 100644
--- a/libs/ui/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/ui/Android.bp
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "libui-defaults",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -111,7 +110,6 @@
     },
     double_loadable: true,
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
diff --git a/libs/ui/tools/Android.bp b/libs/ui/tools/Android.bp
index c28c303..5d6070c 100644
--- a/libs/ui/tools/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/ui/tools/Android.bp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "libui_tools_default",
-    clang_cflags: [
+    cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
         "-Werror",
diff --git a/libs/vr/libbroadcastring/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libbroadcastring/Android.bp
index fa449ae..e72ca74 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libbroadcastring/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libbroadcastring/Android.bp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "broadcast_ring_tests",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libpdx/Android.bp
index c1f6da3..c95603b 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libpdx",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
@@ -42,7 +41,6 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "pdx_tests",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
@@ -72,7 +70,6 @@
 // Code analysis target.
 cc_test {
     name: "pdx_encoder_performance_test",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp
index cc32b18..ac831ce 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx/fuzz/Android.bp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 cc_fuzz {
     name: "libpdx_service_dispatcher_fuzzer",
-    clang: true,
     srcs: [
         "service_dispatcher_fuzzer.cpp",
     ],
@@ -24,13 +23,12 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libutils",
         "liblog",
-        "libcutils"
+        "libcutils",
     ],
 }
 
 cc_fuzz {
     name: "libpdx_message_fuzzer",
-    clang: true,
     srcs: [
         "message_fuzzer.cpp",
     ],
@@ -45,13 +43,12 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libutils",
         "liblog",
-        "libcutils"
+        "libcutils",
     ],
 }
 
 cc_fuzz {
     name: "libpdx_serialization_fuzzer",
-    clang: true,
     srcs: [
         "serialization_fuzzer.cpp",
     ],
@@ -66,6 +63,6 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libutils",
         "liblog",
-        "libcutils"
+        "libcutils",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx_default_transport/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libpdx_default_transport/Android.bp
index 8046857..a5758b5 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx_default_transport/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx_default_transport/Android.bp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "pdx_default_transport_compiler_defaults",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
@@ -26,7 +25,10 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "pdx_use_transport_servicefs",
     export_include_dirs: ["private/servicefs"],
-    whole_static_libs: ["libpdx_servicefs", "libservicefs"],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "libpdx_servicefs",
+        "libservicefs",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_defaults {
diff --git a/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/Android.bp b/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/Android.bp
index 216ca9f..7f88daf 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vr/libpdx_uds/Android.bp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libpdx_uds",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
@@ -41,7 +40,6 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "libpdx_uds_tests",
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
diff --git a/opengl/OWNERS b/opengl/OWNERS
index a47fb9a..379f763 100644
--- a/opengl/OWNERS
+++ b/opengl/OWNERS
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 jessehall@google.com
 lfy@google.com
 lpy@google.com
-timvp@google.com
 romanl@google.com
 vantablack@google.com
 yuxinhu@google.com
diff --git a/opengl/libs/Android.bp b/opengl/libs/Android.bp
index c9fce8a..c1e935a 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/libs/Android.bp
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@
         // In particular, DO NOT add libutils nor anything "above" libui
         "libgraphicsenv",
         "libnativewindow",
-        "libbacktrace",
         "libbase",
     ],
 }
@@ -165,6 +164,7 @@
         "libnativeloader_lazy",
         "libutils",
         "libSurfaceFlingerProp",
+        "libunwindstack",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libEGL_getProcAddress",
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/CallStack.h b/opengl/libs/EGL/CallStack.h
index b7fdf97..96437c3 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/CallStack.h
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/CallStack.h
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <backtrace/Backtrace.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <unwindstack/AndroidUnwinder.h>
 
 #include <memory>
 
@@ -26,12 +26,15 @@
     // Create a callstack with the current thread's stack trace.
     // Immediately dump it to logcat using the given logtag.
     static void log(const char* logtag) noexcept {
-        std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(
-                Backtrace::Create(BACKTRACE_CURRENT_PROCESS, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD));
-        if (backtrace->Unwind(2)) {
-            for (size_t i = 0, c = backtrace->NumFrames(); i < c; i++) {
+        unwindstack::AndroidLocalUnwinder unwinder;
+        unwindstack::AndroidUnwinderData data;
+        if (unwinder.Unwind(data)) {
+            for (size_t i = 2, c = data.frames.size(); i < c; i++) {
+                auto& frame = data.frames[i];
+                // Trim the first two frames.
+                frame.num -= 2;
                 __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, logtag, "%s",
-                                    backtrace->FormatFrameData(i).c_str());
+                                    unwinder.FormatFrame(frame).c_str());
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_platform_entries.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_platform_entries.cpp
index f4dbe49..7619a50 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_platform_entries.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/egl_platform_entries.cpp
@@ -1453,7 +1453,11 @@
             setError(EGL_BAD_SURFACE, EGL_FALSE);
         }
         int err = native_window_set_auto_refresh(s->getNativeWindow(), value != 0);
-        return (err == 0) ? EGL_TRUE : setError(EGL_BAD_SURFACE, (EGLBoolean)EGL_FALSE);
+        if (err != 0) {
+            return setError(EGL_BAD_SURFACE, (EGLBoolean)EGL_FALSE);
+        } else if (!s->cnx->useAngle) {
+            return EGL_TRUE;
+        } // else if ANGLE, fall through to the call to the driver (i.e. ANGLE) below
     }
 
     if (attribute == EGL_TIMESTAMPS_ANDROID) {
@@ -1463,7 +1467,11 @@
             return EGL_TRUE;
         }
         int err = native_window_enable_frame_timestamps(s->getNativeWindow(), value != 0);
-        return (err == 0) ? EGL_TRUE : setError(EGL_BAD_SURFACE, (EGLBoolean)EGL_FALSE);
+        if (err != 0) {
+            return setError(EGL_BAD_SURFACE, (EGLBoolean)EGL_FALSE);
+        } else if (!s->cnx->useAngle) {
+            return EGL_TRUE;
+        } // else if ANGLE, fall through to the call to the driver (i.e. ANGLE) below
     }
 
     if (s->setSmpte2086Attribute(attribute, value)) {
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl2_cameraeye/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/gl2_cameraeye/AndroidManifest.xml
index c53f7be..a4674e1 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl2_cameraeye/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl2_cameraeye/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
     <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
     <uses-feature android:glEsVersion="0x00020000" />
     <application android:label="@string/gl2cameraeye_name">
-        <activity android:name="GL2CameraEye">
+        <activity android:name="GL2CameraEye" android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl2_java/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/gl2_java/AndroidManifest.xml
index 8bb6840..500adb5 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl2_java/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl2_java/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
         <activity android:name="GL2JavaActivity"
                 android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"
             	android:launchMode="singleTask"
-            	android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden">
+		android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
+		android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
index 1827e5f..b4ce99b 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl2_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
         <activity android:name="GL2JNIActivity"
                 android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"
             	android:launchMode="singleTask"
-            	android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden">
+		android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
+		android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
diff --git a/opengl/tests/gl_jni/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/gl_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
index 5d0ec96..bedab56 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/gl_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/gl_jni/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
                 android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"
             	android:launchMode="singleTask"
             	android:screenOrientation="landscape"
-            	android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden">
+		android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
+		android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
diff --git a/opengl/tests/lighting1709/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/lighting1709/AndroidManifest.xml
index 6c23d42..d766be9 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/lighting1709/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/lighting1709/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
         package="com.android.lightingtest">
 
     <application>
-        <activity android:name="ClearActivity" android:label="LightingTest">
+        <activity android:name="ClearActivity" android:label="LightingTest" android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
diff --git a/opengl/tests/testPauseResume/AndroidManifest.xml b/opengl/tests/testPauseResume/AndroidManifest.xml
index 1879bc3..ae82a82 100644
--- a/opengl/tests/testPauseResume/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/opengl/tests/testPauseResume/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
                 android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"
             	android:launchMode="singleTask"
             	android:screenOrientation="landscape"
-            	android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden">
+		android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
+		android:exported="true">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
diff --git a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/Android.bp b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/Android.bp
index 4fb0d2e..86f6c7f 100644
--- a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/Android.bp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     header_libs: ["bpf_headers"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
+        "libbinder",
         "libbpf_bcc",
         "libcutils",
         "libgfxstats",
diff --git a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTest.cpp b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTest.cpp
index e916221..36ae179 100644
--- a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTest.cpp
+++ b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTest.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "gpuservice_unittest"
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#define BPF_MAP_MAKE_VISIBLE_FOR_TESTING
 #include <bpf/BpfMap.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gpumem/GpuMem.h>
@@ -65,11 +66,11 @@
         mTestableGpuMem = TestableGpuMem(mGpuMem.get());
         mTestableGpuMem.setInitialized();
         errno = 0;
-        mTestMap = bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, uint64_t>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE,
-                                                   BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC);
+        mTestMap = std::move(bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, uint64_t>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
+                                                             TEST_MAP_SIZE,
+                                                             BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC));
 
         EXPECT_EQ(0, errno);
-        EXPECT_LE(0, mTestMap.getMap().get());
         EXPECT_TRUE(mTestMap.isValid());
     }
 
diff --git a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTracerTest.cpp b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTracerTest.cpp
index d76f039..5c04210 100644
--- a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTracerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuMemTracerTest.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "gpuservice_unittest"
 
+#define BPF_MAP_MAKE_VISIBLE_FOR_TESTING
 #include <bpf/BpfMap.h>
 #include <gpumem/GpuMem.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
@@ -64,11 +65,11 @@
         mTestableGpuMem = TestableGpuMem(mGpuMem.get());
 
         errno = 0;
-        mTestMap = bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, uint64_t>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE,
-                                                   BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC);
+        mTestMap = std::move(bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, uint64_t>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
+                                                             TEST_MAP_SIZE,
+                                                             BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC));
 
         EXPECT_EQ(0, errno);
-        EXPECT_LE(0, mTestMap.getMap().get());
         EXPECT_TRUE(mTestMap.isValid());
     }
 
diff --git a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuStatsTest.cpp b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuStatsTest.cpp
index 20c8ccf..7ea2288 100644
--- a/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuStatsTest.cpp
+++ b/services/gpuservice/tests/unittests/GpuStatsTest.cpp
@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "gpuservice_unittest"
 
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gpustats/GpuStats.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <stats_pull_atom_callback.h>
 #include <statslog.h>
+#include <utils/Looper.h>
 #include <utils/String16.h>
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
 
@@ -61,8 +63,9 @@
 // clang-format on
 
 class GpuStatsTest : public testing::Test {
+    sp<android::Looper> looper;
 public:
-    GpuStatsTest() {
+    GpuStatsTest() : looper(Looper::prepare(0 /* opts */)) {
         const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
                 ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
         ALOGD("**** Setting up for %s.%s\n", test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name());
@@ -72,6 +75,16 @@
         const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
                 ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
         ALOGD("**** Tearing down after %s.%s\n", test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name());
+
+        // This is required for test due to GpuStats instance spawns binder transactions
+        // in its destructor. After the gtest destructor test exits immidiatelly.
+        // It results in binder thread not able to process above binder transactions and memory leak
+        // occures. Binder thread needs time to process callbacks transactions.
+        // It leads to GpuStats instance destructor needs to be called in advance.
+        mGpuStats.reset(nullptr);
+        // performs all pending callbacks until all data has been consumed
+        // gives time to process binder transactions by thread pool
+        looper->pollAll(1000);
     }
 
     std::string inputCommand(InputCommand cmd);
@@ -79,6 +92,10 @@
     void SetUp() override {
         mCpuVulkanVersion = property_get_int32("ro.cpuvulkan.version", 0);
         mGlesVersion = property_get_int32("ro.opengles.version", 0);
+
+        // start the thread pool
+        sp<ProcessState> ps(ProcessState::self());
+        ps->startThreadPool();
     }
 
     std::unique_ptr<GpuStats> mGpuStats = std::make_unique<GpuStats>();
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/OWNERS b/services/inputflinger/OWNERS
index 82c6ee1..c88bfe9 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/OWNERS
+++ b/services/inputflinger/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1 @@
-lzye@google.com
-michaelwr@google.com
-svv@google.com
+include platform/frameworks/base:/INPUT_OWNERS
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/Android.bp b/services/inputflinger/reader/Android.bp
index 3bd3275..01146a3 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/Android.bp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/Android.bp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
         "libstatslog",
         "libui",
         "libutils",
-        "PlatformProperties",
+        "libPlatformProperties",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libc++fs",
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
index d6a6bd2..669d2e1 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
@@ -452,8 +452,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes;
-    keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keycode, &scanCodes);
+    std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes = keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keycode);
     const size_t N = scanCodes.size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < N && i <= KEY_MAX; i++) {
         int32_t sc = scanCodes[i];
@@ -548,10 +547,10 @@
         return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
     }
 
-    int32_t scanCode;
-    if (keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodeForLed(led, &scanCode) != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
-        if (scanCode >= 0 && scanCode <= LED_MAX && ledBitmask.test(scanCode)) {
-            *outScanCode = scanCode;
+    std::optional<int32_t> scanCode = keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodeForLed(led);
+    if (scanCode.has_value()) {
+        if (*scanCode >= 0 && *scanCode <= LED_MAX && ledBitmask.test(*scanCode)) {
+            *outScanCode = *scanCode;
             return NO_ERROR;
         }
     }
@@ -865,8 +864,7 @@
 
     Device* device = getDeviceLocked(deviceId);
     if (device != nullptr && device->hasValidFd() && device->keyMap.haveKeyLayout()) {
-        std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes;
-        device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keyCode, &scanCodes);
+        std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes = device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keyCode);
         if (scanCodes.size() != 0) {
             if (device->readDeviceBitMask(EVIOCGKEY(0), device->keyState) >= 0) {
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < scanCodes.size(); i++) {
@@ -890,8 +888,8 @@
         device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap == nullptr) {
         return AKEYCODE_UNKNOWN;
     }
-    std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes;
-    device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(locationKeyCode, &scanCodes);
+    std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes =
+            device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(locationKeyCode);
     if (scanCodes.empty()) {
         ALOGW("Failed to get key code for key location: no scan code maps to key code %d for input"
               "device %d",
@@ -960,20 +958,16 @@
 
     Device* device = getDeviceLocked(deviceId);
     if (device != nullptr && device->keyMap.haveKeyLayout()) {
-        std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes;
         for (size_t codeIndex = 0; codeIndex < numCodes; codeIndex++) {
-            scanCodes.clear();
+            std::vector<int32_t> scanCodes =
+                    device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keyCodes[codeIndex]);
 
-            status_t err = device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->findScanCodesForKey(keyCodes[codeIndex],
-                                                                            &scanCodes);
-            if (!err) {
-                // check the possible scan codes identified by the layout map against the
-                // map of codes actually emitted by the driver
-                for (size_t sc = 0; sc < scanCodes.size(); sc++) {
-                    if (device->keyBitmask.test(scanCodes[sc])) {
-                        outFlags[codeIndex] = 1;
-                        break;
-                    }
+            // check the possible scan codes identified by the layout map against the
+            // map of codes actually emitted by the driver
+            for (size_t sc = 0; sc < scanCodes.size(); sc++) {
+                if (device->keyBitmask.test(scanCodes[sc])) {
+                    outFlags[codeIndex] = 1;
+                    break;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1027,14 +1021,15 @@
     std::scoped_lock _l(mLock);
     Device* device = getDeviceLocked(deviceId);
 
-    if (device != nullptr && device->keyMap.haveKeyLayout()) {
-        status_t err = device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->mapAxis(scanCode, outAxisInfo);
-        if (err == NO_ERROR) {
-            return NO_ERROR;
-        }
+    if (device == nullptr || !device->keyMap.haveKeyLayout()) {
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
     }
-
-    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    std::optional<AxisInfo> info = device->keyMap.keyLayoutMap->mapAxis(scanCode);
+    if (!info.has_value()) {
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    *outAxisInfo = *info;
+    return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
 base::Result<std::pair<InputDeviceSensorType, int32_t>> EventHub::mapSensor(int32_t deviceId,
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
index 637b1cb..2acbb0a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -1053,6 +1053,10 @@
             mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
         }
     } else {
+        if (mPointerController != nullptr && mDeviceMode == DeviceMode::DIRECT &&
+            !mConfig.showTouches) {
+            mPointerController->clearSpots();
+        }
         mPointerController.reset();
     }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
index c36704b..0b8eb26 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
         mSpotsByDisplay[displayId] = newSpots;
     }
 
-    void clearSpots() override {}
+    void clearSpots() override { mSpotsByDisplay.clear(); }
 
     std::map<int32_t, std::vector<int32_t>> mSpotsByDisplay;
 };
@@ -8620,7 +8620,8 @@
 
     // Default device will reconfigure above, need additional reconfiguration for another device.
     device2->configure(ARBITRARY_TIME, mFakePolicy->getReaderConfiguration(),
-                       InputReaderConfiguration::CHANGE_DISPLAY_INFO);
+                       InputReaderConfiguration::CHANGE_DISPLAY_INFO |
+                               InputReaderConfiguration::CHANGE_SHOW_TOUCHES);
 
     // Two fingers down at default display.
     int32_t x1 = 100, y1 = 125, x2 = 300, y2 = 500;
@@ -8647,6 +8648,13 @@
     iter = fakePointerController->getSpots().find(SECONDARY_DISPLAY_ID);
     ASSERT_TRUE(iter != fakePointerController->getSpots().end());
     ASSERT_EQ(size_t(2), iter->second.size());
+
+    // Disable the show touches configuration and ensure the spots are cleared.
+    mFakePolicy->setShowTouches(false);
+    device2->configure(ARBITRARY_TIME, mFakePolicy->getReaderConfiguration(),
+                       InputReaderConfiguration::CHANGE_SHOW_TOUCHES);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(fakePointerController->getSpots().empty());
 }
 
 TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, VideoFrames_ReceivedByListener) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
index 000a2cb..cbb95f9 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@
         "liblog",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "SurfaceFlingerProperties",
+        "libSurfaceFlingerProperties",
     ],
     export_shared_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
@@ -288,6 +288,6 @@
         "libui",
     ],
     export_static_lib_headers: [
-        "SurfaceFlingerProperties",
+        "libSurfaceFlingerProperties",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index be16942..38662bd 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -1586,8 +1586,10 @@
 void Layer::setChildrenDrawingParent(const sp<Layer>& newParent) {
     for (const sp<Layer>& child : mDrawingChildren) {
         child->mDrawingParent = newParent;
+        const float parentShadowRadius =
+                newParent->canDrawShadows() ? 0.f : newParent->mEffectiveShadowRadius;
         child->computeBounds(newParent->mBounds, newParent->mEffectiveTransform,
-                             newParent->mEffectiveShadowRadius);
+                             parentShadowRadius);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/utils/tests/Android.bp b/services/utils/tests/Android.bp
index 54cf5b7..cfa8a08 100644
--- a/services/utils/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/utils/tests/Android.bp
@@ -34,5 +34,4 @@
         "libgmock",
         "libserviceutils",
     ],
-    clang: true,
 }
diff --git a/vulkan/libvulkan/Android.bp b/vulkan/libvulkan/Android.bp
index 440c5b1..5719b5c 100644
--- a/vulkan/libvulkan/Android.bp
+++ b/vulkan/libvulkan/Android.bp
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
             "vulkan_headers",
         ],
     },
-    clang: true,
     sanitize: {
         misc_undefined: ["integer"],
     },
diff --git a/vulkan/libvulkan/swapchain.cpp b/vulkan/libvulkan/swapchain.cpp
index c4b1487..48d6fd0 100644
--- a/vulkan/libvulkan/swapchain.cpp
+++ b/vulkan/libvulkan/swapchain.cpp
@@ -939,8 +939,7 @@
         // VK_PRESENT_MODE_SHARED_DEMAND_REFRESH_KHR and
         // VK_PRESENT_MODE_SHARED_CONTINUOUS_REFRESH_KHR.  We technically cannot
         // know if VK_PRESENT_MODE_SHARED_MAILBOX_KHR is supported without a
-        // surface, and that cannot be relied upon.
-        present_modes.push_back(VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR);
+        // surface, and that cannot be relied upon.  Therefore, don't return it.
         present_modes.push_back(VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR);
     } else {
         ANativeWindow* window = SurfaceFromHandle(surface)->window.get();
diff --git a/vulkan/nulldrv/Android.bp b/vulkan/nulldrv/Android.bp
index 0daad9c..a6d540b 100644
--- a/vulkan/nulldrv/Android.bp
+++ b/vulkan/nulldrv/Android.bp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
     proprietary: true,
     relative_install_path: "hw",
 
-    clang: true,
     cflags: [
         "-fvisibility=hidden",
         "-fstrict-aliasing",
diff --git a/vulkan/vkjson/Android.bp b/vulkan/vkjson/Android.bp
index fa0258b..b6d3a0b 100644
--- a/vulkan/vkjson/Android.bp
+++ b/vulkan/vkjson/Android.bp
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libvkjson_ndk",
-    clang: true,
     srcs: [
         "vkjson.cc",
         "vkjson_instance.cc",