diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
index b807b27..ed05bdd 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
             mDropUntilNextSync = true;
         } else {
             for_each_mapper_in_subdevice(rawEvent->deviceId, [&](InputMapper& mapper) {
-                out += mapper.process(rawEvent);
+                out += mapper.process(*rawEvent);
             });
         }
         --count;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
index 90de745..20cdb59 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -215,16 +215,16 @@
     return InputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> CursorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> CursorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    mCursorButtonAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    mCursorMotionAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    mCursorScrollAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+    mCursorButtonAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    mCursorMotionAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    mCursorScrollAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
 
-    if (rawEvent->type == EV_SYN && rawEvent->code == SYN_REPORT) {
+    if (rawEvent.type == EV_SYN && rawEvent.code == SYN_REPORT) {
         const auto [eventTime, readTime] =
                 applyBluetoothTimestampSmoothening(getDeviceContext().getDeviceIdentifier(),
-                                                   rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime,
+                                                   rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime,
                                                    mLastEventTime);
         out += sync(eventTime, readTime);
         mLastEventTime = eventTime;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
index 5bde32b..2108488 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CursorInputMapper.h
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
     virtual int32_t getScanCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t scanCode) override;
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
index 7f7e0dd..3af1d04 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@
     return InputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> ExternalStylusInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> ExternalStylusInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    mTouchButtonAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+    mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    mTouchButtonAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
 
-    if (rawEvent->type == EV_SYN && rawEvent->code == SYN_REPORT) {
-        out += sync(rawEvent->when);
+    if (rawEvent.type == EV_SYN && rawEvent.code == SYN_REPORT) {
+        out += sync(rawEvent.when);
     }
     return out;
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
index 97df02b..c040a7b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
 private:
     SingleTouchMotionAccumulator mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
index c7eea0e..2c51448 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
                                                             const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                             ConfigurationChanges changes);
     [[nodiscard]] virtual std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when);
-    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) = 0;
     [[nodiscard]] virtual std::list<NotifyArgs> timeoutExpired(nsecs_t when);
 
     virtual int32_t getKeyCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t keyCode);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
index 5ce4d30..41e018d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
@@ -259,29 +259,29 @@
     return InputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> JoystickInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> JoystickInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    switch (rawEvent->type) {
+    switch (rawEvent.type) {
         case EV_ABS: {
-            auto it = mAxes.find(rawEvent->code);
+            auto it = mAxes.find(rawEvent.code);
             if (it != mAxes.end()) {
                 Axis& axis = it->second;
                 float newValue, highNewValue;
                 switch (axis.axisInfo.mode) {
                     case AxisInfo::MODE_INVERT:
-                        newValue = (axis.rawAxisInfo.maxValue - rawEvent->value) * axis.scale +
+                        newValue = (axis.rawAxisInfo.maxValue - rawEvent.value) * axis.scale +
                                 axis.offset;
                         highNewValue = 0.0f;
                         break;
                     case AxisInfo::MODE_SPLIT:
-                        if (rawEvent->value < axis.axisInfo.splitValue) {
-                            newValue = (axis.axisInfo.splitValue - rawEvent->value) * axis.scale +
+                        if (rawEvent.value < axis.axisInfo.splitValue) {
+                            newValue = (axis.axisInfo.splitValue - rawEvent.value) * axis.scale +
                                     axis.offset;
                             highNewValue = 0.0f;
-                        } else if (rawEvent->value > axis.axisInfo.splitValue) {
+                        } else if (rawEvent.value > axis.axisInfo.splitValue) {
                             newValue = 0.0f;
                             highNewValue =
-                                    (rawEvent->value - axis.axisInfo.splitValue) * axis.highScale +
+                                    (rawEvent.value - axis.axisInfo.splitValue) * axis.highScale +
                                     axis.highOffset;
                         } else {
                             newValue = 0.0f;
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
                         }
                         break;
                     default:
-                        newValue = rawEvent->value * axis.scale + axis.offset;
+                        newValue = rawEvent.value * axis.scale + axis.offset;
                         highNewValue = 0.0f;
                         break;
                 }
@@ -300,9 +300,9 @@
         }
 
         case EV_SYN:
-            switch (rawEvent->code) {
+            switch (rawEvent.code) {
                 case SYN_REPORT:
-                    out += sync(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime, /*force=*/false);
+                    out += sync(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime, /*force=*/false);
                     break;
             }
             break;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.h
index 313f092..621d38b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
 private:
     struct Axis {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.cpp
index 2124555..1bc87a2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.cpp
@@ -237,15 +237,15 @@
     return out;
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> KeyboardInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> KeyboardInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    mHidUsageAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    switch (rawEvent->type) {
+    mHidUsageAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    switch (rawEvent.type) {
         case EV_KEY: {
-            int32_t scanCode = rawEvent->code;
+            int32_t scanCode = rawEvent.code;
 
             if (isSupportedScanCode(scanCode)) {
-                out += processKey(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime, rawEvent->value != 0,
+                out += processKey(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime, rawEvent.value != 0,
                                   scanCode, mHidUsageAccumulator.consumeCurrentHidUsage());
             }
             break;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.h
index f2d3f4d..74bef46 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/KeyboardInputMapper.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
     int32_t getKeyCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t keyCode) override;
     int32_t getScanCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t scanCode) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
index 05ffa4d..1986fe2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@
     return TouchInputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> MultiTouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> MultiTouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out = TouchInputMapper::process(rawEvent);
 
-    mMultiTouchMotionAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+    mMultiTouchMotionAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
     return out;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.h
index 5c173f3..cca2327 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     ~MultiTouchInputMapper() override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reconfigure(nsecs_t when,
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.cpp
index 182e1b7..27ff52f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.cpp
@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@
     return InputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> RotaryEncoderInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> RotaryEncoderInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    mRotaryEncoderScrollAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+    mRotaryEncoderScrollAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
 
-    if (rawEvent->type == EV_SYN && rawEvent->code == SYN_REPORT) {
-        out += sync(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime);
+    if (rawEvent.type == EV_SYN && rawEvent.code == SYN_REPORT) {
+        out += sync(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime);
     }
     return out;
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.h
index fe5d152..14c540b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/RotaryEncoderInputMapper.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
 private:
     CursorScrollAccumulator mRotaryEncoderScrollAccumulator;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
index a131e35..d7f2993 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -251,35 +251,35 @@
     mPrevMscTime = static_cast<uint32_t>(mscTime);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> SensorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> SensorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    switch (rawEvent->type) {
+    switch (rawEvent.type) {
         case EV_ABS: {
-            auto it = mAxes.find(rawEvent->code);
+            auto it = mAxes.find(rawEvent.code);
             if (it != mAxes.end()) {
                 Axis& axis = it->second;
-                axis.newValue = rawEvent->value * axis.scale + axis.offset;
+                axis.newValue = rawEvent.value * axis.scale + axis.offset;
             }
             break;
         }
 
         case EV_SYN:
-            switch (rawEvent->code) {
+            switch (rawEvent.code) {
                 case SYN_REPORT:
                     for (std::pair<const int32_t, Axis>& pair : mAxes) {
                         Axis& axis = pair.second;
                         axis.currentValue = axis.newValue;
                     }
-                    out += sync(rawEvent->when, /*force=*/false);
+                    out += sync(rawEvent.when, /*force=*/false);
                     break;
             }
             break;
 
         case EV_MSC:
-            switch (rawEvent->code) {
+            switch (rawEvent.code) {
                 case MSC_TIMESTAMP:
                     // hardware timestamp is nano seconds
-                    processHardWareTimestamp(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->value);
+                    processHardWareTimestamp(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.value);
                     break;
             }
     }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
index a55dcd1..63bc151 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
     bool enableSensor(InputDeviceSensorType sensorType, std::chrono::microseconds samplingPeriod,
                       std::chrono::microseconds maxBatchReportLatency) override;
     void disableSensor(InputDeviceSensorType sensorType) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
index b7365d3..140bb0c 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@
     return TouchInputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> SingleTouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> SingleTouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out = TouchInputMapper::process(rawEvent);
 
-    mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+    mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
     return out;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.h
index 7726bfb..bc38711 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     ~SingleTouchInputMapper() override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
 protected:
     void syncTouch(nsecs_t when, RawState* outState) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
index 05338da..f131fb7 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@
     return AINPUT_SOURCE_SWITCH;
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> SwitchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> SwitchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    switch (rawEvent->type) {
+    switch (rawEvent.type) {
         case EV_SW:
-            processSwitch(rawEvent->code, rawEvent->value);
+            processSwitch(rawEvent.code, rawEvent.value);
             break;
 
         case EV_SYN:
-            if (rawEvent->code == SYN_REPORT) {
-                out += sync(rawEvent->when);
+            if (rawEvent.code == SYN_REPORT) {
+                out += sync(rawEvent.when);
             }
     }
     return out;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.h
index 2fb48bb..5d8aa2c 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     virtual ~SwitchInputMapper();
 
     virtual uint32_t getSources() const override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
     virtual int32_t getSwitchState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t switchCode) override;
     virtual void dump(std::string& dump) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
index 1e9f28a..3a86f36 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -1415,14 +1415,14 @@
     mExternalStylusFusionTimeout = LLONG_MAX;
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> TouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
-    mCursorButtonAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    mCursorScrollAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
-    mTouchButtonAccumulator.process(*rawEvent);
+std::list<NotifyArgs> TouchInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
+    mCursorButtonAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    mCursorScrollAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
+    mTouchButtonAccumulator.process(rawEvent);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> out;
-    if (rawEvent->type == EV_SYN && rawEvent->code == SYN_REPORT) {
-        out += sync(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime);
+    if (rawEvent.type == EV_SYN && rawEvent.code == SYN_REPORT) {
+        out += sync(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime);
     }
     return out;
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
index b24f2ff..30c58a5 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
     int32_t getKeyCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t keyCode) override;
     int32_t getScanCodeState(uint32_t sourceMask, int32_t scanCode) override;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
index a97d646..24efae8 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
@@ -417,17 +417,17 @@
     mResettingInterpreter = false;
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> TouchpadInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> TouchpadInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     if (mPointerCaptured) {
-        return mCapturedEventConverter.process(*rawEvent);
+        return mCapturedEventConverter.process(rawEvent);
     }
     if (mMotionAccumulator.getActiveSlotsCount() == 0) {
-        mGestureStartTime = rawEvent->when;
+        mGestureStartTime = rawEvent.when;
     }
-    std::optional<SelfContainedHardwareState> state = mStateConverter.processRawEvent(*rawEvent);
+    std::optional<SelfContainedHardwareState> state = mStateConverter.processRawEvent(rawEvent);
     if (state) {
         updatePalmDetectionMetrics();
-        return sendHardwareState(rawEvent->when, rawEvent->readTime, *state);
+        return sendHardwareState(rawEvent.when, rawEvent.readTime, *state);
     } else {
         return {};
     }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
index 546fa5b..8baa63e 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
                                                     const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                     ConfigurationChanges changes) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> reset(nsecs_t when) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> timeoutExpired(nsecs_t when) override;
 
     void consumeGesture(const Gesture* gesture);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.cpp
index 8d78d0f..a3a48ef 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     info.setVibrator(true);
 }
 
-std::list<NotifyArgs> VibratorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> VibratorInputMapper::process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) {
     // TODO: Handle FF_STATUS, although it does not seem to be widely supported.
     return {};
 }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
index 9079c73..7519682 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/VibratorInputMapper.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
     virtual uint32_t getSources() const override;
     virtual void populateDeviceInfo(InputDeviceInfo& deviceInfo) override;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent* rawEvent) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> process(const RawEvent& rawEvent) override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> vibrate(const VibrationSequence& sequence, ssize_t repeat,
                                                 int32_t token) override;