diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
index 2561e0a..94eaf05 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
@@ -209,6 +209,7 @@
     { "binder_driver", "Binder Kernel driver", 0, {
         { REQ,      "events/binder/binder_transaction/enable" },
         { REQ,      "events/binder/binder_transaction_received/enable" },
+        { REQ,      "events/binder/binder_transaction_alloc_buf/enable" },
         { OPT,      "events/binder/binder_set_priority/enable" },
     } },
     { "binder_lock", "Binder global lock trace", 0, {
diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc b/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
index 579cfaf..9be1077 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.rc
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/binder/binder_transaction/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/binder/binder_transaction_received/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/binder/binder_transaction_received/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/binder/binder_transaction_alloc_buf/enable
+    chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/binder/binder_transaction_alloc_buf/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/binder/binder_lock/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/tracing/events/binder/binder_lock/enable
     chmod 0666 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/binder/binder_locked/enable
diff --git a/data/etc/aosp_excluded_hardware.xml b/data/etc/aosp_excluded_hardware.xml
index 013f278..c12f435 100644
--- a/data/etc/aosp_excluded_hardware.xml
+++ b/data/etc/aosp_excluded_hardware.xml
@@ -18,4 +18,5 @@
     <!-- This should be used to exclude this feature from aosp targets. As aosp configurations
     may or may not have a valid location provider -->
     <unavailable-feature name="android.hardware.location.network" />
+    <unavailable-feature name="android.software.device_id_attestation" />
 </permissions>
diff --git a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
index 17e098c..d0ed31e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
@@ -149,12 +149,13 @@
         const bool isVendorService =
             strcmp(ProcessState::self()->getDriverName().c_str(), "/dev/vndbinder") == 0;
         const long timeout = uptimeMillis() + 5000;
-        if (!gSystemBootCompleted) {
+        if (!gSystemBootCompleted && !isVendorService) {
+            // Vendor code can't access system properties
             char bootCompleted[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
             property_get("sys.boot_completed", bootCompleted, "0");
             gSystemBootCompleted = strcmp(bootCompleted, "1") == 0 ? true : false;
         }
-        // retry interval in millisecond.
+        // retry interval in millisecond; note that vendor services stay at 100ms
         const long sleepTime = gSystemBootCompleted ? 1000 : 100;
 
         int n = 0;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
index aae3931..e128df7 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
         mRefreshPending(false) {
     ALOGV("Creating Layer %s", name.string());
 
-    mFlinger->getRenderEngine().genTextures(1, &mTextureName);
+    mTextureName = mFlinger->getNewTexture();
     mTexture.init(Texture::TEXTURE_EXTERNAL, mTextureName);
 
     if (flags & ISurfaceComposerClient::eNonPremultiplied) mPremultipliedAlpha = false;
@@ -701,7 +701,12 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> consumer;
     BufferQueue::createBufferQueue(&producer, &consumer, true);
     mProducer = new MonitoredProducer(producer, mFlinger, this);
-    mConsumer = new BufferLayerConsumer(consumer, mFlinger->getRenderEngine(), mTextureName, this);
+    {
+        // Grab the SF state lock during this since it's the only safe way to access RenderEngine
+        Mutex::Autolock lock(mFlinger->mStateLock);
+        mConsumer = new BufferLayerConsumer(consumer, mFlinger->getRenderEngine(), mTextureName,
+                                            this);
+    }
     mConsumer->setConsumerUsageBits(getEffectiveUsage(0));
     mConsumer->setContentsChangedListener(this);
     mConsumer->setName(mName);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
index 077469b..0b59147 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
@@ -170,48 +170,8 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /*
-     * createSurface must be called from the GL thread so that it can
-     * have access to the GL context.
-     */
-    class MessageCreateLayer : public MessageBase {
-        SurfaceFlinger* flinger;
-        Client* client;
-        sp<IBinder>* handle;
-        sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp;
-        status_t result;
-        const String8& name;
-        uint32_t w, h;
-        PixelFormat format;
-        uint32_t flags;
-        sp<Layer>* parent;
-        int32_t windowType;
-        int32_t ownerUid;
-    public:
-        MessageCreateLayer(SurfaceFlinger* flinger,
-                const String8& name, Client* client,
-                uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-                sp<IBinder>* handle, int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid,
-                sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp,
-                sp<Layer>* parent)
-            : flinger(flinger), client(client),
-              handle(handle), gbp(gbp), result(NO_ERROR),
-              name(name), w(w), h(h), format(format), flags(flags),
-              parent(parent), windowType(windowType), ownerUid(ownerUid) {
-        }
-        status_t getResult() const { return result; }
-        virtual bool handler() {
-            result = flinger->createLayer(name, client, w, h, format, flags,
-                    windowType, ownerUid, handle, gbp, parent);
-            return true;
-        }
-    };
-
-    sp<MessageBase> msg = new MessageCreateLayer(mFlinger.get(),
-            name, this, w, h, format, flags, handle,
-            windowType, ownerUid, gbp, &parent);
-    mFlinger->postMessageSync(msg);
-    return static_cast<MessageCreateLayer*>( msg.get() )->getResult();
+    return mFlinger->createLayer(name, this, w, h, format, flags, windowType,
+                                 ownerUid, handle, gbp, &parent);
 }
 
 status_t Client::destroySurface(const sp<IBinder>& handle) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.h
index 6a6e7c0..3408045 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.h
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@
     bool isVisible() const override;
 
     void setPerFrameData(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) override;
+
+protected:
+    FloatRect computeCrop(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& /*display*/) const override { return {}; }
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/ContainerLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/ContainerLayer.h
index 84b75f4..06cfbcd 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/ContainerLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/ContainerLayer.h
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
     bool isVisible() const override;
 
     void setPerFrameData(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) override;
+
+    bool isCreatedFromMainThread() const override { return true; }
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index b4b3f4a..11c3db0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -127,17 +127,26 @@
     // drawing state & current state are identical
     mDrawingState = mCurrentState;
 
-    const auto& hwc = flinger->getHwComposer();
-    const auto& activeConfig = hwc.getActiveConfig(HWC_DISPLAY_PRIMARY);
-    nsecs_t displayPeriod = activeConfig->getVsyncPeriod();
-    mFrameTracker.setDisplayRefreshPeriod(displayPeriod);
-
     CompositorTiming compositorTiming;
     flinger->getCompositorTiming(&compositorTiming);
     mFrameEventHistory.initializeCompositorTiming(compositorTiming);
 }
 
-void Layer::onFirstRef() {}
+void Layer::onFirstRef() NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+    if (!isCreatedFromMainThread()) {
+        // Grab the SF state lock during this since it's the only way to safely access HWC
+        mFlinger->mStateLock.lock();
+    }
+
+    const auto& hwc = mFlinger->getHwComposer();
+    const auto& activeConfig = hwc.getActiveConfig(HWC_DISPLAY_PRIMARY);
+    nsecs_t displayPeriod = activeConfig->getVsyncPeriod();
+    mFrameTracker.setDisplayRefreshPeriod(displayPeriod);
+
+    if (!isCreatedFromMainThread()) {
+        mFlinger->mStateLock.unlock();
+    }
+}
 
 Layer::~Layer() {
     sp<Client> c(mClientRef.promote());
@@ -342,20 +351,25 @@
         win.intersect(s.crop, &win);
     }
 
-    Rect bounds = win;
     const auto& p = mDrawingParent.promote();
+    FloatRect floatWin = win.toFloatRect();
+    FloatRect parentBounds = floatWin;
     if (p != nullptr) {
-        // Look in computeScreenBounds recursive call for explanation of
-        // why we pass false here.
-        bounds = p->computeScreenBounds(false /* reduceTransparentRegion */);
+        // We pass an empty Region here for reasons mirroring that of the case described in
+        // the computeScreenBounds reduceTransparentRegion=false case.
+        parentBounds = p->computeBounds(Region());
     }
 
-    Transform t = getTransform();
+    Transform t = s.active.transform;
 
-    FloatRect floatWin = win.toFloatRect();
-    if (p != nullptr) {
+
+    if (p != nullptr || !s.finalCrop.isEmpty()) {
         floatWin = t.transform(floatWin);
-        floatWin = floatWin.intersect(bounds.toFloatRect());
+        floatWin = floatWin.intersect(parentBounds);
+
+        if (!s.finalCrop.isEmpty()) {
+            floatWin = floatWin.intersect(s.finalCrop.toFloatRect());
+        }
         floatWin = t.inverse().transform(floatWin);
     }
 
@@ -1250,7 +1264,15 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool Layer::setMatrix(const layer_state_t::matrix22_t& matrix) {
+bool Layer::setMatrix(const layer_state_t::matrix22_t& matrix,
+        bool allowNonRectPreservingTransforms) {
+    Transform t;
+    t.set(matrix.dsdx, matrix.dtdy, matrix.dtdx, matrix.dsdy);
+
+    if (!allowNonRectPreservingTransforms && !t.preserveRects()) {
+        ALOGW("Attempt to set rotation matrix without permission ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER ignored");
+        return false;
+    }
     mCurrentState.sequence++;
     mCurrentState.requested.transform.set(matrix.dsdx, matrix.dtdy, matrix.dtdx, matrix.dsdy);
     mCurrentState.modified = true;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index fb94058..03720a9 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
     // Set a 2x2 transformation matrix on the layer. This transform
     // will be applied after parent transforms, but before any final
     // producer specified transform.
-    bool setMatrix(const layer_state_t::matrix22_t& matrix);
+    bool setMatrix(const layer_state_t::matrix22_t& matrix, bool allowNonRectPreservingTransforms);
 
     // This second set of geometry attributes are controlled by
     // setGeometryAppliesWithResize, and their default mode is to be
@@ -297,6 +297,11 @@
      */
     virtual bool isFixedSize() const { return true; }
 
+    // Most layers aren't created from the main thread, and therefore need to
+    // grab the SF state lock to access HWC, but ContainerLayer does, so we need
+    // to avoid grabbing the lock again to avoid deadlock
+    virtual bool isCreatedFromMainThread() const { return false; }
+
 
     bool isPendingRemoval() const { return mPendingRemoval; }
 
@@ -556,7 +561,7 @@
 
     uint32_t getEffectiveUsage(uint32_t usage) const;
 
-    FloatRect computeCrop(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) const;
+    virtual FloatRect computeCrop(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) const;
     // Compute the initial crop as specified by parent layers and the
     // SurfaceControl for this layer. Does not include buffer crop from the
     // IGraphicBufferProducer client, as that should not affect child clipping.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index e39e623..32c313b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -501,6 +501,27 @@
     postMessageAsync(new LambdaMessage([this] { readPersistentProperties(); }));
 }
 
+uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::getNewTexture() {
+    {
+        std::lock_guard lock(mTexturePoolMutex);
+        if (!mTexturePool.empty()) {
+            uint32_t name = mTexturePool.back();
+            mTexturePool.pop_back();
+            ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        // The pool was too small, so increase it for the future
+        ++mTexturePoolSize;
+    }
+
+    // The pool was empty, so we need to get a new texture name directly using a
+    // blocking call to the main thread
+    uint32_t name = 0;
+    postMessageSync(new LambdaMessage([&]() { getRenderEngine().genTextures(1, &name); }));
+    return name;
+}
+
 void SurfaceFlinger::deleteTextureAsync(uint32_t texture) {
     postMessageAsync(new LambdaMessage([=] { getRenderEngine().deleteTextures(1, &texture); }));
 }
@@ -1758,6 +1779,17 @@
         getBE().mTotalTime += elapsedTime;
     }
     getBE().mLastSwapTime = currentTime;
+
+    {
+        std::lock_guard lock(mTexturePoolMutex);
+        const size_t refillCount = mTexturePoolSize - mTexturePool.size();
+        if (refillCount > 0) {
+            const size_t offset = mTexturePool.size();
+            mTexturePool.resize(mTexturePoolSize);
+            getRenderEngine().genTextures(refillCount, mTexturePool.data() + offset);
+            ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::rebuildLayerStacks() {
@@ -3268,6 +3300,18 @@
     return flags;
 }
 
+bool callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess() {
+    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
+    const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
+    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
+
+    if ((uid != AID_GRAPHICS && uid != AID_SYSTEM) &&
+            !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sAccessSurfaceFlinger, pid, uid)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setClientStateLocked(const ComposerState& composerState) {
     const layer_state_t& s = composerState.state;
     sp<Client> client(static_cast<Client*>(composerState.client.get()));
@@ -3349,7 +3393,22 @@
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
     }
     if (what & layer_state_t::eMatrixChanged) {
-        if (layer->setMatrix(s.matrix))
+        // TODO: b/109894387
+        //
+        // SurfaceFlinger's renderer is not prepared to handle cropping in the face of arbitrary
+        // rotation. To see the problem observe that if we have a square parent, and a child
+        // of the same size, then we rotate the child 45 degrees around it's center, the child
+        // must now be cropped to a non rectangular 8 sided region.
+        //
+        // Of course we can fix this in the future. For now, we are lucky, SurfaceControl is
+        // private API, and the WindowManager only uses rotation in one case, which is on a top
+        // level layer in which cropping is not an issue.
+        //
+        // However given that abuse of rotation matrices could lead to surfaces extending outside
+        // of cropped areas, we need to prevent non-root clients without permission ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER
+        // (a.k.a. everyone except WindowManager and tests) from setting non rectangle preserving
+        // transformations.
+        if (layer->setMatrix(s.matrix, callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess()))
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
     }
     if (what & layer_state_t::eTransparentRegionChanged) {
@@ -3515,10 +3574,13 @@
     // Tack on our counter whether there is a hit or not, so everyone gets a tag
     String8 uniqueName = name + "#" + String8(std::to_string(dupeCounter).c_str());
 
+    // Grab the state lock since we're accessing mCurrentState
+    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
+
     // Loop over layers until we're sure there is no matching name
     while (matchFound) {
         matchFound = false;
-        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
+        mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
             if (layer->getName() == uniqueName) {
                 matchFound = true;
                 uniqueName = name + "#" + String8(std::to_string(++dupeCounter).c_str());
@@ -4398,12 +4460,10 @@
         case INJECT_VSYNC:
         {
             // codes that require permission check
-            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
-            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
-            const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
-            if ((uid != AID_GRAPHICS && uid != AID_SYSTEM) &&
-                    !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sAccessSurfaceFlinger, pid, uid)) {
-                ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't access SurfaceFlinger pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
+            if (!callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess()) {
+                IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
+                ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't access SurfaceFlinger pid=%d, uid=%d",
+                        ipc->getCallingPid(), ipc->getCallingUid());
                 return PERMISSION_DENIED;
             }
             break;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index 87e0699..2e9062e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -322,6 +322,10 @@
         return getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
     }
 
+    // Obtains a name from the texture pool, or, if the pool is empty, posts a
+    // synchronous message to the main thread to obtain one on the fly
+    uint32_t getNewTexture();
+
     // utility function to delete a texture on the main thread
     void deleteTextureAsync(uint32_t texture);
 
@@ -851,6 +855,13 @@
 
     std::atomic<bool> mRefreshPending{false};
 
+    // We maintain a pool of pre-generated texture names to hand out to avoid
+    // layer creation needing to run on the main thread (which it would
+    // otherwise need to do to access RenderEngine).
+    std::mutex mTexturePoolMutex;
+    uint32_t mTexturePoolSize = 0;
+    std::vector<uint32_t> mTexturePool;
+
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Feature prototyping
      */
diff --git a/services/vr/hardware_composer/Android.bp b/services/vr/hardware_composer/Android.bp
index 90edf69..0c91b07 100644
--- a/services/vr/hardware_composer/Android.bp
+++ b/services/vr/hardware_composer/Android.bp
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
 
 cc_binary {
   name: "vr_hwc",
+  vintf_fragments: ["manifest_vr_hwc.xml"],
   srcs: [
     "vr_hardware_composer_service.cpp"
   ],
diff --git a/services/vr/hardware_composer/manifest_vr_hwc.xml b/services/vr/hardware_composer/manifest_vr_hwc.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1068cac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/vr/hardware_composer/manifest_vr_hwc.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="framework">
+    <hal>
+      <name>android.hardware.graphics.composer</name>
+      <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+      <version>2.1</version>
+      <interface>
+          <name>IComposer</name>
+          <instance>vr</instance>
+      </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>