Dynamically stop lazy services

Services can choose to register with the new LazyServiceRegistrar.
ServiceManager perpetually checks the reference counts of services
registered in this way. If ServiceManager detects that a service no
longer has any clients, it will notify the LazyServiceRegistrar, which
will attempt to shut down the service.

Bug: 143108344
Test: aidl_lazy_test
Change-Id: Ic01981b767ab4402e7aecdf1cdf9ed64df1f5af4
diff --git a/libs/binder/Android.bp b/libs/binder/Android.bp
index 7ee4882..079dd82 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/Android.bp
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@
         "IResultReceiver.cpp",
         "IServiceManager.cpp",
         "IShellCallback.cpp",
+        "LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp",
         "MemoryBase.cpp",
         "MemoryDealer.cpp",
         "MemoryHeapBase.cpp",
@@ -160,6 +161,7 @@
     name: "libbinder_aidl",
     srcs: [
         "aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl",
+        "aidl/android/os/IClientCallback.aidl",
         "aidl/android/os/IServiceCallback.aidl",
         "aidl/android/os/IServiceManager.aidl",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
index bac8b66..5ca9156 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
@@ -271,6 +271,8 @@
             std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
             mBinder = binder;
             lock.unlock();
+            // Flushing here helps ensure the service's ref count remains accurate
+            IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
             mCv.notify_one();
             return Status::ok();
         }
diff --git a/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc9482c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AidlLazyServiceRegistrar"
+
+#include <binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h>
+#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <android/os/BnClientCallback.h>
+#include <android/os/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace binder {
+namespace internal {
+
+using AidlServiceManager = android::os::IServiceManager;
+
+class ClientCounterCallback : public ::android::os::BnClientCallback {
+public:
+    ClientCounterCallback() : mNumConnectedServices(0) {}
+
+    bool registerService(const sp<IBinder>& service, const std::string& name,
+                         bool allowIsolated, int dumpFlags);
+
+protected:
+    Status onClients(const sp<IBinder>& service, bool clients) override;
+
+private:
+    /**
+     * Unregisters all services that we can. If we can't unregister all, re-register other
+     * services.
+     */
+    void tryShutdown();
+
+    /**
+     * Counter of the number of services that currently have at least one client.
+     */
+    size_t mNumConnectedServices;
+
+    struct Service {
+        sp<IBinder> service;
+        std::string name;
+        bool allowIsolated;
+        int dumpFlags;
+    };
+    /**
+     * Number of services that have been registered.
+     */
+    std::vector<Service> mRegisteredServices;
+};
+
+bool ClientCounterCallback::registerService(const sp<IBinder>& service, const std::string& name,
+                                            bool allowIsolated, int dumpFlags) {
+    auto manager = interface_cast<AidlServiceManager>(
+                    ProcessState::self()->getContextObject(nullptr));
+
+    ALOGI("Registering service %s", name.c_str());
+
+    if (!manager->addService(name.c_str(), service, allowIsolated, dumpFlags).isOk()) {
+        ALOGE("Failed to register service %s", name.c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!manager->registerClientCallback(name, service, this).isOk())
+    {
+      ALOGE("Failed to add client callback for service %s", name.c_str());
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    mRegisteredServices.push_back({service, name, allowIsolated, dumpFlags});
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * onClients is oneway, so no need to worry about multi-threading. Note that this means multiple
+ * invocations could occur on different threads however.
+ */
+Status ClientCounterCallback::onClients(const sp<IBinder>& service, bool clients) {
+    if (clients) {
+        mNumConnectedServices++;
+    } else {
+        mNumConnectedServices--;
+    }
+
+    ALOGI("Process has %zu (of %zu available) client(s) in use after notification %s has clients: %d",
+          mNumConnectedServices, mRegisteredServices.size(),
+          String8(service->getInterfaceDescriptor()).string(), clients);
+
+    if (mNumConnectedServices == 0) {
+        tryShutdown();
+    }
+
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+void ClientCounterCallback::tryShutdown() {
+    ALOGI("Trying to shut down the service. No clients in use for any service in process.");
+
+    // This makes the same assumption as IServiceManager.cpp. Could dedupe if used in more places.
+    auto manager = interface_cast<AidlServiceManager>(
+            ProcessState::self()->getContextObject(nullptr));
+
+    auto unRegisterIt = mRegisteredServices.begin();
+    for (; unRegisterIt != mRegisteredServices.end(); ++unRegisterIt) {
+        auto& entry = (*unRegisterIt);
+
+        bool success = manager->tryUnregisterService(entry.name, entry.service).isOk();
+
+        if (!success) {
+            ALOGI("Failed to unregister service %s", entry.name.c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (unRegisterIt == mRegisteredServices.end()) {
+        ALOGI("Unregistered all clients and exiting");
+        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    for (auto reRegisterIt = mRegisteredServices.begin(); reRegisterIt != unRegisterIt;
+         reRegisterIt++) {
+        auto& entry = (*reRegisterIt);
+
+        // re-register entry
+        if (!registerService(entry.service, entry.name, entry.allowIsolated, entry.dumpFlags)) {
+            // Must restart. Otherwise, clients will never be able to get a hold of this service.
+            ALOGE("Bad state: could not re-register services");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+
+LazyServiceRegistrar::LazyServiceRegistrar() {
+    mClientCC = std::make_shared<internal::ClientCounterCallback>();
+}
+
+LazyServiceRegistrar& LazyServiceRegistrar::getInstance() {
+    static auto registrarInstance = new LazyServiceRegistrar();
+    return *registrarInstance;
+}
+
+status_t LazyServiceRegistrar::registerService(const sp<IBinder>& service, const std::string& name,
+                                               bool allowIsolated, int dumpFlags) {
+    if (!mClientCC->registerService(service, name, allowIsolated, dumpFlags)) {
+        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IClientCallback.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IClientCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36d7ee6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IClientCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.os;
+
+/**
+ * @hide
+ */
+oneway interface IClientCallback {
+    /**
+     * This is called when there is a transition between having >= 1 clients and having 0 clients
+     * (or vice versa).
+     *
+     * Upon receiving hasClients false, if the process decides to exit, it is recommended to try to
+     * unregister using IServiceManager's tryUnregister before quitting in case another client
+     * associates.
+     *
+     * @param registered binder 'server' registered with IServiceManager's registerClientCallback
+     * @param hasClients whether there are currently clients
+     *     true - when there are >= 1 clients. This must be called as soon as IServiceManager::get
+     *         is called (no race).
+     *     false - when there are 0 clients. This may be delayed if it is thought that another
+     *         may be used again soon.
+     */
+    void onClients(IBinder registered, boolean hasClients);
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IServiceManager.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IServiceManager.aidl
index b965881..ff15460 100644
--- a/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IServiceManager.aidl
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/os/IServiceManager.aidl
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.os;
 
+import android.os.IClientCallback;
 import android.os.IServiceCallback;
 
 /**
@@ -96,4 +97,15 @@
      * manifest.
      */
     boolean isDeclared(@utf8InCpp String name);
+
+    /**
+     * Request a callback when the number of clients of the service changes.
+     * Used by LazyServiceRegistrar to dynamically stop services that have no clients.
+     */
+    void registerClientCallback(@utf8InCpp String name, IBinder service, IClientCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Attempt to unregister and remove a service. Will fail if the service is still in use.
+     */
+    void tryUnregisterService(@utf8InCpp String name, IBinder service);
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efdecc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/Status.h>
+#include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace binder {
+namespace internal {
+class ClientCounterCallback;
+}  // namespace internal
+
+/** Exits when all services registered through this object have 0 clients */
+class LazyServiceRegistrar {
+   public:
+     static LazyServiceRegistrar& getInstance();
+     status_t registerService(const sp<IBinder>& service,
+                              const std::string& name = "default",
+                              bool allowIsolated = false,
+                              int dumpFlags = IServiceManager::DUMP_FLAG_PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
+
+   private:
+     std::shared_ptr<internal::ClientCounterCallback> mClientCC;
+     LazyServiceRegistrar();
+};
+
+}  // namespace binder
+}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file