Merge "Change platform WorkDuration to match memory layout of HAL WorkDuration" into main
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
index e54f9d3..870e8eb 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "Timeout.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using ::android::hidl::base::V1_0::DebugInfo;
@@ -522,27 +523,35 @@
     using namespace ::android::hardware;
     using namespace ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0;
     using namespace ::android::hidl::base::V1_0;
-    using std::literals::chrono_literals::operator""s;
-    auto ret = timeoutIPC(10s, manager, &IServiceManager::debugDump, [&] (const auto &infos) {
-        std::map<std::string, TableEntry> entries;
-        for (const auto &info : infos) {
-            std::string interfaceName = std::string{info.interfaceName.c_str()} + "/" +
-                    std::string{info.instanceName.c_str()};
-            entries.emplace(interfaceName, TableEntry{
-                .interfaceName = interfaceName,
-                .transport = vintf::Transport::PASSTHROUGH,
-                .clientPids = info.clientPids,
-            }).first->second.arch |= fromBaseArchitecture(info.arch);
-        }
-        for (auto &&pair : entries) {
-            putEntry(HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES, std::move(pair.second));
-        }
-    });
+
+    // The lambda function may be executed asynchrounously because it is passed to timeoutIPC,
+    // even though the interface function call is synchronous.
+    // However, there's no need to lock because if ret.isOk(), the background thread has
+    // already ended, so it is safe to dereference entries.
+    auto entries = std::make_shared<std::map<std::string, TableEntry>>();
+    auto ret =
+            timeoutIPC(mLshal.getDebugDumpWait(), manager, &IServiceManager::debugDump,
+                       [entries](const auto& infos) {
+                           for (const auto& info : infos) {
+                               std::string interfaceName = std::string{info.interfaceName.c_str()} +
+                                       "/" + std::string{info.instanceName.c_str()};
+                               entries->emplace(interfaceName,
+                                                TableEntry{
+                                                        .interfaceName = interfaceName,
+                                                        .transport = vintf::Transport::PASSTHROUGH,
+                                                        .clientPids = info.clientPids,
+                                                })
+                                       .first->second.arch |= fromBaseArchitecture(info.arch);
+                           }
+                       });
     if (!ret.isOk()) {
         err() << "Error: Failed to call list on getPassthroughServiceManager(): "
              << ret.description() << std::endl;
         return DUMP_ALL_LIBS_ERROR;
     }
+    for (auto&& pair : *entries) {
+        putEntry(HalType::PASSTHROUGH_LIBRARIES, std::move(pair.second));
+    }
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -553,27 +562,40 @@
     using namespace ::android::hardware::details;
     using namespace ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0;
     using namespace ::android::hidl::base::V1_0;
-    auto ret = timeoutIPC(manager, &IServiceManager::debugDump, [&] (const auto &infos) {
-        for (const auto &info : infos) {
-            if (info.clientPids.size() <= 0) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            putEntry(HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS, {
-                .interfaceName =
-                        std::string{info.interfaceName.c_str()} + "/" +
-                        std::string{info.instanceName.c_str()},
-                .transport = vintf::Transport::PASSTHROUGH,
-                .serverPid = info.clientPids.size() == 1 ? info.clientPids[0] : NO_PID,
-                .clientPids = info.clientPids,
-                .arch = fromBaseArchitecture(info.arch)
-            });
-        }
-    });
+
+    // The lambda function may be executed asynchrounously because it is passed to timeoutIPC,
+    // even though the interface function call is synchronous.
+    // However, there's no need to lock because if ret.isOk(), the background thread has
+    // already ended, so it is safe to dereference entries.
+    auto entries = std::make_shared<std::vector<TableEntry>>();
+    auto ret =
+            timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), manager, &IServiceManager::debugDump,
+                       [entries](const auto& infos) {
+                           for (const auto& info : infos) {
+                               if (info.clientPids.size() <= 0) {
+                                   continue;
+                               }
+                               entries->emplace_back(
+                                       TableEntry{.interfaceName =
+                                                          std::string{info.interfaceName.c_str()} +
+                                                          "/" +
+                                                          std::string{info.instanceName.c_str()},
+                                                  .transport = vintf::Transport::PASSTHROUGH,
+                                                  .serverPid = info.clientPids.size() == 1
+                                                          ? info.clientPids[0]
+                                                          : NO_PID,
+                                                  .clientPids = info.clientPids,
+                                                  .arch = fromBaseArchitecture(info.arch)});
+                           }
+                       });
     if (!ret.isOk()) {
         err() << "Error: Failed to call debugDump on defaultServiceManager(): "
              << ret.description() << std::endl;
         return DUMP_PASSTHROUGH_ERROR;
     }
+    for (auto&& entry : *entries) {
+        putEntry(HalType::PASSTHROUGH_CLIENTS, std::move(entry));
+    }
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -583,11 +605,14 @@
     if (!shouldFetchHalType(HalType::BINDERIZED_SERVICES)) { return OK; }
 
     const vintf::Transport mode = vintf::Transport::HWBINDER;
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> fqInstanceNames;
-    // copying out for timeoutIPC
-    auto listRet = timeoutIPC(manager, &IServiceManager::list, [&] (const auto &names) {
-        fqInstanceNames = names;
-    });
+
+    // The lambda function may be executed asynchrounously because it is passed to timeoutIPC,
+    // even though the interface function call is synchronous.
+    // However, there's no need to lock because if listRet.isOk(), the background thread has
+    // already ended, so it is safe to dereference fqInstanceNames.
+    auto fqInstanceNames = std::make_shared<hidl_vec<hidl_string>>();
+    auto listRet = timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), manager, &IServiceManager::list,
+                              [fqInstanceNames](const auto& names) { *fqInstanceNames = names; });
     if (!listRet.isOk()) {
         err() << "Error: Failed to list services for " << mode << ": "
              << listRet.description() << std::endl;
@@ -596,7 +621,7 @@
 
     Status status = OK;
     std::map<std::string, TableEntry> allTableEntries;
-    for (const auto &fqInstanceName : fqInstanceNames) {
+    for (const auto& fqInstanceName : *fqInstanceNames) {
         // create entry and default assign all fields.
         TableEntry& entry = allTableEntries[fqInstanceName];
         entry.interfaceName = fqInstanceName;
@@ -623,7 +648,8 @@
     const auto pair = splitFirst(entry->interfaceName, '/');
     const auto &serviceName = pair.first;
     const auto &instanceName = pair.second;
-    auto getRet = timeoutIPC(manager, &IServiceManager::get, serviceName, instanceName);
+    auto getRet = timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), manager, &IServiceManager::get, serviceName,
+                             instanceName);
     if (!getRet.isOk()) {
         handleError(TRANSACTION_ERROR,
                     "cannot be fetched from service manager:" + getRet.description());
@@ -637,30 +663,33 @@
 
     // getDebugInfo
     do {
-        DebugInfo debugInfo;
-        auto debugRet = timeoutIPC(service, &IBase::getDebugInfo, [&] (const auto &received) {
-            debugInfo = received;
-        });
+        // The lambda function may be executed asynchrounously because it is passed to timeoutIPC,
+        // even though the interface function call is synchronous.
+        // However, there's no need to lock because if debugRet.isOk(), the background thread has
+        // already ended, so it is safe to dereference debugInfo.
+        auto debugInfo = std::make_shared<DebugInfo>();
+        auto debugRet = timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), service, &IBase::getDebugInfo,
+                                   [debugInfo](const auto& received) { *debugInfo = received; });
         if (!debugRet.isOk()) {
             handleError(TRANSACTION_ERROR,
                         "debugging information cannot be retrieved: " + debugRet.description());
             break; // skip getPidInfo
         }
 
-        entry->serverPid = debugInfo.pid;
-        entry->serverObjectAddress = debugInfo.ptr;
-        entry->arch = fromBaseArchitecture(debugInfo.arch);
+        entry->serverPid = debugInfo->pid;
+        entry->serverObjectAddress = debugInfo->ptr;
+        entry->arch = fromBaseArchitecture(debugInfo->arch);
 
-        if (debugInfo.pid != NO_PID) {
-            const BinderPidInfo* pidInfo = getPidInfoCached(debugInfo.pid);
+        if (debugInfo->pid != NO_PID) {
+            const BinderPidInfo* pidInfo = getPidInfoCached(debugInfo->pid);
             if (pidInfo == nullptr) {
                 handleError(IO_ERROR,
-                            "no information for PID " + std::to_string(debugInfo.pid) +
-                            ", are you root?");
+                            "no information for PID " + std::to_string(debugInfo->pid) +
+                                    ", are you root?");
                 break;
             }
-            if (debugInfo.ptr != NO_PTR) {
-                auto it = pidInfo->refPids.find(debugInfo.ptr);
+            if (debugInfo->ptr != NO_PTR) {
+                auto it = pidInfo->refPids.find(debugInfo->ptr);
                 if (it != pidInfo->refPids.end()) {
                     entry->clientPids = it->second;
                 }
@@ -672,39 +701,46 @@
 
     // hash
     do {
-        ssize_t hashIndex = -1;
-        auto ifaceChainRet = timeoutIPC(service, &IBase::interfaceChain, [&] (const auto& c) {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < c.size(); ++i) {
-                if (serviceName == c[i]) {
-                    hashIndex = static_cast<ssize_t>(i);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        });
+        // The lambda function may be executed asynchrounously because it is passed to timeoutIPC,
+        // even though the interface function call is synchronous.
+        auto hashIndexStore = std::make_shared<ssize_t>(-1);
+        auto ifaceChainRet = timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), service, &IBase::interfaceChain,
+                                        [hashIndexStore, serviceName](const auto& c) {
+                                            for (size_t i = 0; i < c.size(); ++i) {
+                                                if (serviceName == c[i]) {
+                                                    *hashIndexStore = static_cast<ssize_t>(i);
+                                                    break;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                        });
         if (!ifaceChainRet.isOk()) {
             handleError(TRANSACTION_ERROR,
                         "interfaceChain fails: " + ifaceChainRet.description());
             break; // skip getHashChain
         }
+        // if ifaceChainRet.isOk(), the background thread has already ended, so it is safe to
+        // dereference hashIndex without any locking.
+        auto hashIndex = *hashIndexStore;
         if (hashIndex < 0) {
             handleError(BAD_IMPL, "Interface name does not exist in interfaceChain.");
             break; // skip getHashChain
         }
-        auto hashRet = timeoutIPC(service, &IBase::getHashChain, [&] (const auto& hashChain) {
-            if (static_cast<size_t>(hashIndex) >= hashChain.size()) {
-                handleError(BAD_IMPL,
-                            "interfaceChain indicates position " + std::to_string(hashIndex) +
-                            " but getHashChain returns " + std::to_string(hashChain.size()) +
-                            " hashes");
-                return;
-            }
-
-            auto&& hashArray = hashChain[hashIndex];
-            entry->hash = android::base::HexString(hashArray.data(), hashArray.size());
-        });
+        // See comments about hashIndex above.
+        auto hashChain = std::make_shared<hidl_vec<hidl_array<uint8_t, 32>>>();
+        auto hashRet = timeoutIPC(mLshal.getIpcCallWait(), service, &IBase::getHashChain,
+                                  [hashChain](const auto& ret) { *hashChain = std::move(ret); });
         if (!hashRet.isOk()) {
             handleError(TRANSACTION_ERROR, "getHashChain failed: " + hashRet.description());
         }
+        if (static_cast<size_t>(hashIndex) >= hashChain->size()) {
+            handleError(BAD_IMPL,
+                        "interfaceChain indicates position " + std::to_string(hashIndex) +
+                                " but getHashChain returns " + std::to_string(hashChain->size()) +
+                                " hashes");
+        } else {
+            auto&& hashArray = (*hashChain)[hashIndex];
+            entry->hash = android::base::HexString(hashArray.data(), hashArray.size());
+        }
     } while (0);
     if (status == OK) {
         entry->serviceStatus = ServiceStatus::ALIVE;
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
index a5f98c2..6115da7 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.cpp
@@ -250,5 +250,17 @@
     return mPassthroughManager;
 }
 
+void Lshal::setWaitTimeForTest(std::chrono::milliseconds ipcCallWait,
+                               std::chrono::milliseconds debugDumpWait) {
+    mIpcCallWait = ipcCallWait;
+    mDebugDumpWait = debugDumpWait;
+}
+std::chrono::milliseconds Lshal::getIpcCallWait() const {
+    return mIpcCallWait;
+}
+std::chrono::milliseconds Lshal::getDebugDumpWait() const {
+    return mDebugDumpWait;
+}
+
 }  // namespace lshal
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
index 50279d4..cb2820c 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Lshal.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -58,6 +59,11 @@
 
     void forEachCommand(const std::function<void(const Command* c)>& f) const;
 
+    void setWaitTimeForTest(std::chrono::milliseconds ipcCallWait,
+                            std::chrono::milliseconds debugDumpWait);
+    std::chrono::milliseconds getIpcCallWait() const;
+    std::chrono::milliseconds getDebugDumpWait() const;
+
 private:
     Status parseArgs(const Arg &arg);
 
@@ -70,6 +76,9 @@
 
     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Command>> mRegisteredCommands;
 
+    std::chrono::milliseconds mIpcCallWait{500};
+    std::chrono::milliseconds mDebugDumpWait{10000};
+
     DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Lshal);
 };
 
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/Timeout.h b/cmds/lshal/Timeout.h
index e8d22d9..805e8dc 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/Timeout.h
+++ b/cmds/lshal/Timeout.h
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace lshal {
 
-static constexpr std::chrono::milliseconds IPC_CALL_WAIT{500};
-
 class BackgroundTaskState {
 public:
     explicit BackgroundTaskState(std::function<void(void)> &&func)
@@ -96,12 +94,5 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-template<class Function, class I, class... Args>
-typename std::result_of<Function(I *, Args...)>::type
-timeoutIPC(const sp<I> &interfaceObject, Function &&func, Args &&... args) {
-    return timeoutIPC(IPC_CALL_WAIT, interfaceObject, func, args...);
-}
-
-
 }  // namespace lshal
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/include/input/Input.h b/include/input/Input.h
index 1c4ea6b..7b253a5 100644
--- a/include/input/Input.h
+++ b/include/input/Input.h
@@ -515,6 +515,8 @@
     PointerProperties& operator=(const PointerProperties&) = default;
 };
 
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const PointerProperties& properties);
+
 // TODO(b/211379801) : Use a strong type from ftl/mixins.h instead
 using DeviceId = int32_t;
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
index 4d4c5e4..b72b71a 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
@@ -176,6 +176,8 @@
                 static_cast<uint32_t>(os::InputConfig::INTERCEPTS_STYLUS),
         CLONE =
                 static_cast<uint32_t>(os::InputConfig::CLONE),
+        GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH =
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(os::InputConfig::GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH),
         // clang-format on
     };
 
diff --git a/libs/input/Input.cpp b/libs/input/Input.cpp
index bd5b67b..8eaff00 100644
--- a/libs/input/Input.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/Input.cpp
@@ -379,6 +379,11 @@
     return out;
 }
 
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const PointerProperties& properties) {
+    out << "Pointer(id=" << properties.id << ", " << ftl::enum_string(properties.toolType) << ")";
+    return out;
+}
+
 // --- PointerCoords ---
 
 float PointerCoords::getAxisValue(int32_t axis) const {
diff --git a/libs/input/InputTransport.cpp b/libs/input/InputTransport.cpp
index 09e98d0..669f801 100644
--- a/libs/input/InputTransport.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/InputTransport.cpp
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@
               "action=%s, actionButton=0x%08x, flags=0x%x, edgeFlags=0x%x, "
               "metaState=0x%x, buttonState=0x%x, classification=%s,"
               "xPrecision=%f, yPrecision=%f, downTime=%" PRId64 ", eventTime=%" PRId64 ", "
-              "pointerCount=%" PRIu32 " \n%s",
+              "pointerCount=%" PRIu32 "\n%s",
               mChannel->getName().c_str(), __func__, seq, eventId, deviceId,
               inputEventSourceToString(source).c_str(), displayId,
               MotionEvent::actionToString(action).c_str(), actionButton, flags, edgeFlags,
diff --git a/libs/input/android/os/InputConfig.aidl b/libs/input/android/os/InputConfig.aidl
index 4e644ff..5d39155 100644
--- a/libs/input/android/os/InputConfig.aidl
+++ b/libs/input/android/os/InputConfig.aidl
@@ -150,4 +150,11 @@
      * likely a duplicate window with the same client token, but different bounds.
      */
     CLONE                        = 1 << 16,
+
+    /**
+     * If the stylus is currently down *anywhere* on the screen, new touches will not be delivered
+     * to the window with this flag. This helps prevent unexpected clicks on some system windows,
+     * like StatusBar and TaskBar.
+     */
+    GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH   = 1 << 17,
 }
diff --git a/libs/input/input_flags.aconfig b/libs/input/input_flags.aconfig
index 54eeb39..11f6994 100644
--- a/libs/input/input_flags.aconfig
+++ b/libs/input/input_flags.aconfig
@@ -52,7 +52,14 @@
 flag {
   name: "enable_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection"
   namespace: "input"
-  description: "Enable additional palm rejection on touchpad while typing"
+  description: "Enabling additional touchpad palm rejection will disable the tap to click while the user is typing on a physical keyboard"
+  bug: "301055381"
+}
+
+flag {
+  name: "enable_v2_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection"
+  namespace: "input"
+  description: "In addition to touchpad palm rejection v1, v2 will also cancel ongoing move gestures while typing and add delay in re-enabling the tap to click."
   bug: "301055381"
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
index 00ffddd..8d0ff4b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
@@ -253,6 +253,14 @@
     }
 }
 
+std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> getPointerIds(const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers) {
+    std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds;
+    for (const PointerProperties& pointer : pointers) {
+        pointerIds.set(pointer.id);
+    }
+    return pointerIds;
+}
+
 std::string dumpRegion(const Region& region) {
     if (region.isEmpty()) {
         return "<empty>";
@@ -631,15 +639,15 @@
     }
 
     // We should consider all hovering pointers here. But for now, just use the first one
-    const int32_t pointerId = entry.pointerProperties[0].id;
+    const PointerProperties& pointer = entry.pointerProperties[0];
 
     std::set<sp<WindowInfoHandle>> oldWindows;
     if (oldState != nullptr) {
-        oldWindows = oldState->getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointerId);
+        oldWindows = oldState->getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointer.id);
     }
 
     std::set<sp<WindowInfoHandle>> newWindows =
-            newTouchState.getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointerId);
+            newTouchState.getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointer.id);
 
     // If the pointer is no longer in the new window set, send HOVER_EXIT.
     for (const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& oldWindow : oldWindows) {
@@ -673,7 +681,7 @@
             }
             touchedWindow.dispatchMode = InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS;
         }
-        touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointerId);
+        touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(entry.deviceId, pointer);
         if (canReceiveForegroundTouches(*newWindow->getInfo())) {
             touchedWindow.targetFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::FOREGROUND;
         }
@@ -741,6 +749,20 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Return true if stylus is currently down anywhere on the specified display, and false otherwise.
+ */
+bool isStylusActiveInDisplay(
+        int32_t displayId,
+        const std::unordered_map<int32_t /*displayId*/, TouchState>& touchStatesByDisplay) {
+    const auto it = touchStatesByDisplay.find(displayId);
+    if (it == touchStatesByDisplay.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const TouchState& state = it->second;
+    return state.hasActiveStylus();
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 // --- InputDispatcher ---
@@ -2320,7 +2342,7 @@
         /* Case 1: New splittable pointer going down, or need target for hover or scroll. */
         const auto [x, y] = resolveTouchedPosition(entry);
         const int32_t pointerIndex = MotionEvent::getActionIndex(action);
-        const int32_t pointerId = entry.pointerProperties[pointerIndex].id;
+        const PointerProperties& pointer = entry.pointerProperties[pointerIndex];
         // Outside targets should be added upon first dispatched DOWN event. That means, this should
         // be a pointer that would generate ACTION_DOWN, *and* touch should not already be down.
         const bool isStylus = isPointerFromStylus(entry, pointerIndex);
@@ -2328,7 +2350,7 @@
                 findTouchedWindowAtLocked(displayId, x, y, isStylus);
 
         if (isDown) {
-            targets += findOutsideTargetsLocked(displayId, newTouchedWindowHandle, pointerId);
+            targets += findOutsideTargetsLocked(displayId, newTouchedWindowHandle, pointer.id);
         }
         // Handle the case where we did not find a window.
         if (newTouchedWindowHandle == nullptr) {
@@ -2386,7 +2408,7 @@
 
             if (isHoverAction) {
                 // The "windowHandle" is the target of this hovering pointer.
-                tempTouchState.addHoveringPointerToWindow(windowHandle, entry.deviceId, pointerId);
+                tempTouchState.addHoveringPointerToWindow(windowHandle, entry.deviceId, pointer);
             }
 
             // Set target flags.
@@ -2409,12 +2431,10 @@
             // Update the temporary touch state.
 
             if (!isHoverAction) {
-                std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds;
-                pointerIds.set(pointerId);
                 const bool isDownOrPointerDown = maskedAction == AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN ||
                         maskedAction == AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN;
                 tempTouchState.addOrUpdateWindow(windowHandle, InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS,
-                                                 targetFlags, entry.deviceId, pointerIds,
+                                                 targetFlags, entry.deviceId, {pointer},
                                                  isDownOrPointerDown
                                                          ? std::make_optional(entry.eventTime)
                                                          : std::nullopt);
@@ -2437,7 +2457,7 @@
                         }
                         tempTouchState.addOrUpdateWindow(wallpaper,
                                                          InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS,
-                                                         wallpaperFlags, entry.deviceId, pointerIds,
+                                                         wallpaperFlags, entry.deviceId, {pointer},
                                                          entry.eventTime);
                     }
                 }
@@ -2448,12 +2468,12 @@
         // make it pilfering. This will prevent other non-spy windows from getting this pointer,
         // which is a specific behaviour that we want.
         for (TouchedWindow& touchedWindow : tempTouchState.windows) {
-            if (touchedWindow.hasTouchingPointer(entry.deviceId, pointerId) &&
+            if (touchedWindow.hasTouchingPointer(entry.deviceId, pointer.id) &&
                 touchedWindow.hasPilferingPointers(entry.deviceId)) {
                 // This window is already pilfering some pointers, and this new pointer is also
                 // going to it. Therefore, take over this pointer and don't give it to anyone
                 // else.
-                touchedWindow.addPilferingPointer(entry.deviceId, pointerId);
+                touchedWindow.addPilferingPointer(entry.deviceId, pointer.id);
             }
         }
 
@@ -2522,8 +2542,8 @@
 
                 // Make a slippery exit from the old window.
                 std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds;
-                const int32_t pointerId = entry.pointerProperties[0].id;
-                pointerIds.set(pointerId);
+                const PointerProperties& pointer = entry.pointerProperties[0];
+                pointerIds.set(pointer.id);
 
                 const TouchedWindow& touchedWindow =
                         tempTouchState.getTouchedWindow(oldTouchedWindowHandle);
@@ -2553,13 +2573,13 @@
 
                 tempTouchState.addOrUpdateWindow(newTouchedWindowHandle,
                                                  InputTarget::DispatchMode::SLIPPERY_ENTER,
-                                                 targetFlags, entry.deviceId, pointerIds,
+                                                 targetFlags, entry.deviceId, {pointer},
                                                  entry.eventTime);
 
                 // Check if the wallpaper window should deliver the corresponding event.
                 slipWallpaperTouch(targetFlags, oldTouchedWindowHandle, newTouchedWindowHandle,
-                                   tempTouchState, entry.deviceId, pointerId, targets);
-                tempTouchState.removeTouchingPointerFromWindow(entry.deviceId, pointerId,
+                                   tempTouchState, entry.deviceId, pointer, targets);
+                tempTouchState.removeTouchingPointerFromWindow(entry.deviceId, pointer.id,
                                                                oldTouchedWindowHandle);
             }
         }
@@ -2568,14 +2588,12 @@
         if (!isSplit && maskedAction == AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN) {
             // If no split, we suppose all touched windows should receive pointer down.
             const int32_t pointerIndex = MotionEvent::getActionIndex(action);
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < tempTouchState.windows.size(); i++) {
-                TouchedWindow& touchedWindow = tempTouchState.windows[i];
+            std::vector<PointerProperties> touchingPointers{entry.pointerProperties[pointerIndex]};
+            for (TouchedWindow& touchedWindow : tempTouchState.windows) {
                 // Ignore drag window for it should just track one pointer.
                 if (mDragState && mDragState->dragWindow == touchedWindow.windowHandle) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> touchingPointers;
-                touchingPointers.set(entry.pointerProperties[pointerIndex].id);
                 touchedWindow.addTouchingPointers(entry.deviceId, touchingPointers);
             }
         }
@@ -2646,13 +2664,13 @@
 
     // Output targets from the touch state.
     for (const TouchedWindow& touchedWindow : tempTouchState.windows) {
-        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> touchingPointers =
+        std::vector<PointerProperties> touchingPointers =
                 touchedWindow.getTouchingPointers(entry.deviceId);
-        if (touchingPointers.none()) {
+        if (touchingPointers.empty()) {
             continue;
         }
         addPointerWindowTargetLocked(touchedWindow.windowHandle, touchedWindow.dispatchMode,
-                                     touchedWindow.targetFlags, touchingPointers,
+                                     touchedWindow.targetFlags, getPointerIds(touchingPointers),
                                      touchedWindow.getDownTimeInTarget(entry.deviceId), targets);
     }
 
@@ -5047,6 +5065,13 @@
         return false;
     }
 
+    // Ignore touches if stylus is down anywhere on screen
+    if (info.inputConfig.test(WindowInfo::InputConfig::GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH) &&
+        isStylusActiveInDisplay(info.displayId, mTouchStatesByDisplay)) {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Dropping touch from " << window->getName() << " because stylus is active";
+        return false;
+    }
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -5481,7 +5506,7 @@
 
         // Erase old window.
         ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> oldTargetFlags = touchedWindow->targetFlags;
-        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds = touchedWindow->getTouchingPointers(deviceId);
+        std::vector<PointerProperties> pointers = touchedWindow->getTouchingPointers(deviceId);
         sp<WindowInfoHandle> fromWindowHandle = touchedWindow->windowHandle;
         state->removeWindowByToken(fromToken);
 
@@ -5493,17 +5518,17 @@
             newTargetFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::FOREGROUND;
         }
         state->addOrUpdateWindow(toWindowHandle, InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS, newTargetFlags,
-                                 deviceId, pointerIds, downTimeInTarget);
+                                 deviceId, pointers, downTimeInTarget);
 
         // Store the dragging window.
         if (isDragDrop) {
-            if (pointerIds.count() != 1) {
+            if (pointers.size() != 1) {
                 ALOGW("The drag and drop cannot be started when there is no pointer or more than 1"
                       " pointer on the window.");
                 return false;
             }
             // Track the pointer id for drag window and generate the drag state.
-            const size_t id = firstMarkedBit(pointerIds);
+            const size_t id = pointers.begin()->id;
             mDragState = std::make_unique<DragState>(toWindowHandle, id);
         }
 
@@ -5520,7 +5545,7 @@
 
             // Check if the wallpaper window should deliver the corresponding event.
             transferWallpaperTouch(oldTargetFlags, newTargetFlags, fromWindowHandle, toWindowHandle,
-                                   *state, deviceId, pointerIds);
+                                   *state, deviceId, pointers);
         }
     } // release lock
 
@@ -5997,8 +6022,10 @@
                                    "input channel stole pointer stream");
         options.deviceId = deviceId;
         options.displayId = displayId;
-        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds = window.getTouchingPointers(deviceId);
+        std::vector<PointerProperties> pointers = window.getTouchingPointers(deviceId);
+        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds = getPointerIds(pointers);
         options.pointerIds = pointerIds;
+
         std::string canceledWindows;
         for (const TouchedWindow& w : state.windows) {
             const std::shared_ptr<InputChannel> channel =
@@ -6794,10 +6821,10 @@
 void InputDispatcher::slipWallpaperTouch(ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> targetFlags,
                                          const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& oldWindowHandle,
                                          const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& newWindowHandle,
-                                         TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId, int32_t pointerId,
+                                         TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId,
+                                         const PointerProperties& pointerProperties,
                                          std::vector<InputTarget>& targets) const {
-    std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds;
-    pointerIds.set(pointerId);
+    std::vector<PointerProperties> pointers{pointerProperties};
     const bool oldHasWallpaper = oldWindowHandle->getInfo()->inputConfig.test(
             gui::WindowInfo::InputConfig::DUPLICATE_TOUCH_TO_WALLPAPER);
     const bool newHasWallpaper = targetFlags.test(InputTarget::Flags::FOREGROUND) &&
@@ -6814,16 +6841,16 @@
     if (oldWallpaper != nullptr) {
         const TouchedWindow& oldTouchedWindow = state.getTouchedWindow(oldWallpaper);
         addPointerWindowTargetLocked(oldWallpaper, InputTarget::DispatchMode::SLIPPERY_EXIT,
-                                     oldTouchedWindow.targetFlags, pointerIds,
+                                     oldTouchedWindow.targetFlags, getPointerIds(pointers),
                                      oldTouchedWindow.getDownTimeInTarget(deviceId), targets);
-        state.removeTouchingPointerFromWindow(deviceId, pointerId, oldWallpaper);
+        state.removeTouchingPointerFromWindow(deviceId, pointerProperties.id, oldWallpaper);
     }
 
     if (newWallpaper != nullptr) {
         state.addOrUpdateWindow(newWallpaper, InputTarget::DispatchMode::SLIPPERY_ENTER,
                                 InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_OBSCURED |
                                         InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED,
-                                deviceId, pointerIds);
+                                deviceId, pointers);
     }
 }
 
@@ -6832,7 +6859,7 @@
                                              const sp<WindowInfoHandle> fromWindowHandle,
                                              const sp<WindowInfoHandle> toWindowHandle,
                                              TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId,
-                                             std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds) {
+                                             const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers) {
     const bool oldHasWallpaper = oldTargetFlags.test(InputTarget::Flags::FOREGROUND) &&
             fromWindowHandle->getInfo()->inputConfig.test(
                     gui::WindowInfo::InputConfig::DUPLICATE_TOUCH_TO_WALLPAPER);
@@ -6861,7 +6888,7 @@
         wallpaperFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_OBSCURED |
                 InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED;
         state.addOrUpdateWindow(newWallpaper, InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS, wallpaperFlags,
-                                deviceId, pointerIds, downTimeInTarget);
+                                deviceId, pointers, downTimeInTarget);
         std::shared_ptr<Connection> wallpaperConnection =
                 getConnectionLocked(newWallpaper->getToken());
         if (wallpaperConnection != nullptr) {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
index 3f99b2d..010dbb2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
@@ -690,14 +690,15 @@
     void slipWallpaperTouch(ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> targetFlags,
                             const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>& oldWindowHandle,
                             const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>& newWindowHandle,
-                            TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId, int32_t pointerId,
+                            TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId,
+                            const PointerProperties& pointerProperties,
                             std::vector<InputTarget>& targets) const REQUIRES(mLock);
     void transferWallpaperTouch(ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> oldTargetFlags,
                                 ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> newTargetFlags,
                                 const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle> fromWindowHandle,
                                 const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle> toWindowHandle,
                                 TouchState& state, int32_t deviceId,
-                                std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointerIds) REQUIRES(mLock);
+                                const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers) REQUIRES(mLock);
 
     sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle> findWallpaperWindowBelow(
             const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle) const REQUIRES(mLock);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.cpp
index e8d8c18..f8aa625 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.cpp
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 void TouchState::addOrUpdateWindow(const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle,
                                    InputTarget::DispatchMode dispatchMode,
                                    ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> targetFlags, DeviceId deviceId,
-                                   std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> touchingPointerIds,
+                                   const std::vector<PointerProperties>& touchingPointers,
                                    std::optional<nsecs_t> firstDownTimeInTarget) {
-    if (touchingPointerIds.none()) {
+    if (touchingPointers.empty()) {
         LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << "No pointers specified for " << windowHandle->getName();
         return;
     }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
             // For cases like hover enter/exit or DISPATCH_AS_OUTSIDE a touch window might not have
             // downTime set initially. Need to update existing window when a pointer is down for the
             // window.
-            touchedWindow.addTouchingPointers(deviceId, touchingPointerIds);
+            touchedWindow.addTouchingPointers(deviceId, touchingPointers);
             if (firstDownTimeInTarget) {
                 touchedWindow.trySetDownTimeInTarget(deviceId, *firstDownTimeInTarget);
             }
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
     touchedWindow.windowHandle = windowHandle;
     touchedWindow.dispatchMode = dispatchMode;
     touchedWindow.targetFlags = targetFlags;
-    touchedWindow.addTouchingPointers(deviceId, touchingPointerIds);
+    touchedWindow.addTouchingPointers(deviceId, touchingPointers);
     if (firstDownTimeInTarget) {
         touchedWindow.trySetDownTimeInTarget(deviceId, *firstDownTimeInTarget);
     }
@@ -110,17 +110,17 @@
 }
 
 void TouchState::addHoveringPointerToWindow(const sp<WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle,
-                                            DeviceId deviceId, int32_t hoveringPointerId) {
+                                            DeviceId deviceId, const PointerProperties& pointer) {
     for (TouchedWindow& touchedWindow : windows) {
         if (touchedWindow.windowHandle == windowHandle) {
-            touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(deviceId, hoveringPointerId);
+            touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(deviceId, pointer);
             return;
         }
     }
 
     TouchedWindow touchedWindow;
     touchedWindow.windowHandle = windowHandle;
-    touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(deviceId, hoveringPointerId);
+    touchedWindow.addHoveringPointer(deviceId, pointer);
     windows.push_back(touchedWindow);
 }
 
@@ -234,6 +234,11 @@
     });
 }
 
+bool TouchState::hasActiveStylus() const {
+    return std::any_of(windows.begin(), windows.end(),
+                       [](const TouchedWindow& window) { return window.hasActiveStylus(); });
+}
+
 std::set<sp<WindowInfoHandle>> TouchState::getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId,
                                                                          int32_t pointerId) const {
     std::set<sp<WindowInfoHandle>> out;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.h
index e0a84e8..3d534bc 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchState.h
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@
     void addOrUpdateWindow(const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle,
                            InputTarget::DispatchMode dispatchMode,
                            ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> targetFlags, DeviceId deviceId,
-                           std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> touchingPointerIds,
+                           const std::vector<PointerProperties>& touchingPointers,
                            std::optional<nsecs_t> firstDownTimeInTarget = std::nullopt);
     void addHoveringPointerToWindow(const sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>& windowHandle,
-                                    DeviceId deviceId, int32_t hoveringPointerId);
-    void removeHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t hoveringPointerId);
+                                    DeviceId deviceId, const PointerProperties& pointer);
+    void removeHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId);
     void clearHoveringPointers(DeviceId deviceId);
 
     void removeAllPointersForDevice(DeviceId deviceId);
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@
     bool isDown(DeviceId deviceId) const;
     bool hasHoveringPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const;
 
+    bool hasActiveStylus() const;
+
     std::set<sp<android::gui::WindowInfoHandle>> getWindowsWithHoveringPointer(
             DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) const;
     std::string dump() const;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.cpp
index cd0500c..037d7c8 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,20 @@
 
 namespace inputdispatcher {
 
+namespace {
+
+bool hasPointerId(const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers, int32_t pointerId) {
+    return std::find_if(pointers.begin(), pointers.end(),
+                        [&pointerId](const PointerProperties& properties) {
+                            return properties.id == pointerId;
+                        }) != pointers.end();
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
 bool TouchedWindow::hasHoveringPointers() const {
     for (const auto& [_, state] : mDeviceStates) {
-        if (state.hoveringPointerIds.any()) {
+        if (!state.hoveringPointers.empty()) {
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -42,7 +53,7 @@
     }
     const DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
 
-    return state.hoveringPointerIds.any();
+    return !state.hoveringPointers.empty();
 }
 
 void TouchedWindow::clearHoveringPointers(DeviceId deviceId) {
@@ -51,7 +62,7 @@
         return;
     }
     DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
-    state.hoveringPointerIds.reset();
+    state.hoveringPointers.clear();
     if (!state.hasPointers()) {
         mDeviceStates.erase(stateIt);
     }
@@ -63,22 +74,40 @@
         return false;
     }
     const DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
-
-    return state.hoveringPointerIds.test(pointerId);
+    return hasPointerId(state.hoveringPointers, pointerId);
 }
 
-void TouchedWindow::addHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) {
-    mDeviceStates[deviceId].hoveringPointerIds.set(pointerId);
+void TouchedWindow::addHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, const PointerProperties& pointer) {
+    std::vector<PointerProperties>& hoveringPointers = mDeviceStates[deviceId].hoveringPointers;
+    const size_t initialSize = hoveringPointers.size();
+    std::erase_if(hoveringPointers, [&pointer](const PointerProperties& properties) {
+        return properties.id == pointer.id;
+    });
+    if (hoveringPointers.size() != initialSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": " << pointer << ", device " << deviceId << " was in " << *this;
+    }
+    hoveringPointers.push_back(pointer);
 }
 
 void TouchedWindow::addTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId,
-                                        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointers) {
-    mDeviceStates[deviceId].touchingPointerIds |= pointers;
+                                        const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers) {
+    std::vector<PointerProperties>& touchingPointers = mDeviceStates[deviceId].touchingPointers;
+    const size_t initialSize = touchingPointers.size();
+    for (const PointerProperties& pointer : pointers) {
+        std::erase_if(touchingPointers, [&pointer](const PointerProperties& properties) {
+            return properties.id == pointer.id;
+        });
+    }
+    if (touchingPointers.size() != initialSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": " << dumpVector(pointers, streamableToString) << ", device "
+                   << deviceId << " already in " << *this;
+    }
+    touchingPointers.insert(touchingPointers.end(), pointers.begin(), pointers.end());
 }
 
 bool TouchedWindow::hasTouchingPointers() const {
     for (const auto& [_, state] : mDeviceStates) {
-        if (state.touchingPointerIds.any()) {
+        if (!state.touchingPointers.empty()) {
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -86,21 +115,25 @@
 }
 
 bool TouchedWindow::hasTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const {
-    return getTouchingPointers(deviceId).any();
+    return !getTouchingPointers(deviceId).empty();
 }
 
 bool TouchedWindow::hasTouchingPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) const {
-    return getTouchingPointers(deviceId).test(pointerId);
+    const auto stateIt = mDeviceStates.find(deviceId);
+    if (stateIt == mDeviceStates.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
+    return hasPointerId(state.touchingPointers, pointerId);
 }
 
-std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> TouchedWindow::getTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const {
+std::vector<PointerProperties> TouchedWindow::getTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const {
     const auto stateIt = mDeviceStates.find(deviceId);
     if (stateIt == mDeviceStates.end()) {
         return {};
     }
     const DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
-
-    return state.touchingPointerIds;
+    return state.touchingPointers;
 }
 
 void TouchedWindow::removeTouchingPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) {
@@ -118,7 +151,10 @@
     }
     DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
 
-    state.touchingPointerIds &= ~pointers;
+    std::erase_if(state.touchingPointers, [&pointers](const PointerProperties& properties) {
+        return pointers.test(properties.id);
+    });
+
     state.pilferingPointerIds &= ~pointers;
 
     if (!state.hasPointers()) {
@@ -126,10 +162,26 @@
     }
 }
 
+bool TouchedWindow::hasActiveStylus() const {
+    for (const auto& [_, state] : mDeviceStates) {
+        for (const PointerProperties& properties : state.touchingPointers) {
+            if (properties.toolType == ToolType::STYLUS) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        for (const PointerProperties& properties : state.hoveringPointers) {
+            if (properties.toolType == ToolType::STYLUS) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 std::set<DeviceId> TouchedWindow::getTouchingDeviceIds() const {
     std::set<DeviceId> deviceIds;
     for (const auto& [deviceId, deviceState] : mDeviceStates) {
-        if (deviceState.touchingPointerIds.any()) {
+        if (!deviceState.touchingPointers.empty()) {
             deviceIds.insert(deviceId);
         }
     }
@@ -198,7 +250,7 @@
     }
     DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
 
-    state.touchingPointerIds.reset();
+    state.touchingPointers.clear();
     state.pilferingPointerIds.reset();
     state.downTimeInTarget.reset();
 
@@ -214,7 +266,9 @@
     }
     DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
 
-    state.hoveringPointerIds.set(pointerId, false);
+    std::erase_if(state.hoveringPointers, [&pointerId](const PointerProperties& properties) {
+        return properties.id == pointerId;
+    });
 
     if (!state.hasPointers()) {
         mDeviceStates.erase(stateIt);
@@ -228,7 +282,7 @@
     }
     DeviceState& state = stateIt->second;
 
-    state.hoveringPointerIds.reset();
+    state.hoveringPointers.clear();
 
     if (!state.hasPointers()) {
         mDeviceStates.erase(stateIt);
@@ -236,11 +290,11 @@
 }
 
 std::string TouchedWindow::deviceStateToString(const TouchedWindow::DeviceState& state) {
-    return StringPrintf("[touchingPointerIds=%s, "
-                        "downTimeInTarget=%s, hoveringPointerIds=%s, pilferingPointerIds=%s]",
-                        bitsetToString(state.touchingPointerIds).c_str(),
+    return StringPrintf("[touchingPointers=%s, "
+                        "downTimeInTarget=%s, hoveringPointers=%s, pilferingPointerIds=%s]",
+                        dumpVector(state.touchingPointers, streamableToString).c_str(),
                         toString(state.downTimeInTarget).c_str(),
-                        bitsetToString(state.hoveringPointerIds).c_str(),
+                        dumpVector(state.hoveringPointers, streamableToString).c_str(),
                         bitsetToString(state.pilferingPointerIds).c_str());
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.h
index c604353..0d1531f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/TouchedWindow.h
@@ -38,17 +38,18 @@
     bool hasHoveringPointers() const;
     bool hasHoveringPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const;
     bool hasHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) const;
-    void addHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId);
+    void addHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, const PointerProperties& pointer);
     void removeHoveringPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId);
 
     // Touching
     bool hasTouchingPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId) const;
     bool hasTouchingPointers() const;
     bool hasTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const;
-    std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> getTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const;
-    void addTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId, std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointers);
+    std::vector<PointerProperties> getTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId) const;
+    void addTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId, const std::vector<PointerProperties>& pointers);
     void removeTouchingPointer(DeviceId deviceId, int32_t pointerId);
     void removeTouchingPointers(DeviceId deviceId, std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pointers);
+    bool hasActiveStylus() const;
     std::set<DeviceId> getTouchingDeviceIds() const;
 
     // Pilfering pointers
@@ -69,16 +70,16 @@
 
 private:
     struct DeviceState {
-        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> touchingPointerIds;
+        std::vector<PointerProperties> touchingPointers;
         // The pointer ids of the pointers that this window is currently pilfering, by device
         std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> pilferingPointerIds;
         // Time at which the first action down occurred on this window, for each device
         // NOTE: This is not initialized in case of HOVER entry/exit and DISPATCH_AS_OUTSIDE
         // scenario.
         std::optional<nsecs_t> downTimeInTarget;
-        std::bitset<MAX_POINTER_ID + 1> hoveringPointerIds;
+        std::vector<PointerProperties> hoveringPointers;
 
-        bool hasPointers() const { return touchingPointerIds.any() || hoveringPointerIds.any(); };
+        bool hasPointers() const { return !touchingPointers.empty() || !hoveringPointers.empty(); };
     };
 
     std::map<DeviceId, DeviceState> mDeviceStates;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
index 5a74a42..2dd05f5 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -35,10 +35,12 @@
 MultiTouchInputMapper::~MultiTouchInputMapper() {}
 
 std::list<NotifyArgs> MultiTouchInputMapper::reset(nsecs_t when) {
-    // TODO(b/291626046): Sync the MT state with the kernel using EVIOCGMTSLOTS.
-    mMultiTouchMotionAccumulator.reset(getDeviceContext());
-    mPointerIdBits.clear();
-
+    // The evdev multi-touch protocol does not allow userspace applications to query the initial or
+    // current state of the pointers at any time. This means if we clear our accumulated state when
+    // resetting the input mapper, there's no way to rebuild the full initial state of the pointers.
+    // We can only wait for updates to all the pointers and axes. Rather than clearing the state and
+    // rebuilding the state from scratch, we work around this kernel API limitation by never
+    // fully clearing any state specific to the multi-touch protocol.
     return TouchInputMapper::reset(when);
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
index 34ca0b3..255f02d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
 #include <iterator>
 #include <limits>
 #include <map>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <optional>
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 #include <android/input.h>
 #include <com_android_input_flags.h>
 #include <ftl/enum.h>
@@ -156,13 +158,20 @@
         return sAccumulator;
     }
 
-    void recordFinger(const TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier& id) { mCounters[id].fingers++; }
+    void recordFinger(const TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier& id) {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
+        mCounters[id].fingers++;
+    }
 
-    void recordPalm(const TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier& id) { mCounters[id].palms++; }
+    void recordPalm(const TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier& id) {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
+        mCounters[id].palms++;
+    }
 
     // Checks whether a Gesture struct is for the end of a gesture that we log metrics for, and
     // records it if so.
     void processGesture(const TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier& id, const Gesture& gesture) {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
         switch (gesture.type) {
             case kGestureTypeFling:
                 if (gesture.details.fling.fling_state == GESTURES_FLING_START) {
@@ -200,15 +209,20 @@
                                                                  void* cookie) {
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(atomTag != android::util::TOUCHPAD_USAGE);
         MetricsAccumulator& accumulator = MetricsAccumulator::getInstance();
-        accumulator.produceAtoms(outEventList);
-        accumulator.resetCounters();
+        accumulator.produceAtomsAndReset(*outEventList);
         return AStatsManager_PULL_SUCCESS;
     }
 
-    void produceAtoms(AStatsEventList* outEventList) const {
+    void produceAtomsAndReset(AStatsEventList& outEventList) {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
+        produceAtomsLocked(outEventList);
+        resetCountersLocked();
+    }
+
+    void produceAtomsLocked(AStatsEventList& outEventList) const REQUIRES(mLock) {
         for (auto& [id, counters] : mCounters) {
             auto [busId, vendorId, productId, versionId] = id;
-            addAStatsEvent(outEventList, android::util::TOUCHPAD_USAGE, vendorId, productId,
+            addAStatsEvent(&outEventList, android::util::TOUCHPAD_USAGE, vendorId, productId,
                            versionId, linuxBusToInputDeviceBusEnum(busId, /*isUsi=*/false),
                            counters.fingers, counters.palms, counters.twoFingerSwipeGestures,
                            counters.threeFingerSwipeGestures, counters.fourFingerSwipeGestures,
@@ -216,7 +230,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    void resetCounters() { mCounters.clear(); }
+    void resetCountersLocked() REQUIRES(mLock) { mCounters.clear(); }
 
     // Stores the counters for a specific touchpad model. Fields have the same meanings as those of
     // the TouchpadUsage atom; see that definition for detailed documentation.
@@ -232,7 +246,10 @@
 
     // Metrics are aggregated by device model and version, so if two devices of the same model and
     // version are connected at once, they will have the same counters.
-    std::map<TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier, Counters> mCounters;
+    std::map<TouchpadInputMapper::MetricsIdentifier, Counters> mCounters GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+
+    // Metrics are pulled by a binder thread, so we need to guard them with a mutex.
+    mutable std::mutex mLock;
 };
 
 } // namespace
@@ -449,6 +466,9 @@
     if (mPointerCaptured) {
         return mCapturedEventConverter.process(*rawEvent);
     }
+    if (mMotionAccumulator.getActiveSlotsCount() == 0) {
+        mGestureStartTime = rawEvent->when;
+    }
     std::optional<SelfContainedHardwareState> state = mStateConverter.processRawEvent(rawEvent);
     if (state) {
         updatePalmDetectionMetrics();
@@ -514,7 +534,7 @@
     if (mDisplayId) {
         MetricsAccumulator& metricsAccumulator = MetricsAccumulator::getInstance();
         for (Gesture& gesture : mGesturesToProcess) {
-            out += mGestureConverter.handleGesture(when, readTime, gesture);
+            out += mGestureConverter.handleGesture(when, readTime, mGestureStartTime, gesture);
             metricsAccumulator.processGesture(mMetricsId, gesture);
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
index ece0eca..897edca 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.h
@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@
     // ADISPLAY_ID_NONE to target the focused display. If there is no display target (i.e.
     // std::nullopt), all events will be ignored.
     std::optional<int32_t> mDisplayId;
+
+    nsecs_t mGestureStartTime{0};
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.cpp
index d06514a..b0fc903 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.cpp
@@ -30,29 +30,23 @@
                                             size_t slotCount, bool usingSlotsProtocol) {
     mUsingSlotsProtocol = usingSlotsProtocol;
     mSlots = std::vector<Slot>(slotCount);
-    reset(deviceContext);
-}
 
-void MultiTouchMotionAccumulator::reset(const InputDeviceContext& deviceContext) {
-    resetSlots();
-
-    if (!mUsingSlotsProtocol) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Query the driver for the current slot index and use it as the initial slot before we
-    // start reading events from the device.  It is possible that the current slot index will
-    // not be the same as it was when the first event was written into the evdev buffer, which
-    // means the input mapper could start out of sync with the initial state of the events in
-    // the evdev buffer. In the extremely unlikely case that this happens, the data from two
-    // slots will be confused until the next ABS_MT_SLOT event is received. This can cause the
-    // touch point to "jump", but at least there will be no stuck touches.
-    int32_t initialSlot;
-    if (const auto status = deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisValue(ABS_MT_SLOT, &initialSlot);
-        status == OK) {
-        mCurrentSlot = initialSlot;
-    } else {
-        ALOGD("Could not retrieve current multi-touch slot index. status=%d", status);
+    mCurrentSlot = -1;
+    if (mUsingSlotsProtocol) {
+        // Query the driver for the current slot index and use it as the initial slot before we
+        // start reading events from the device.  It is possible that the current slot index will
+        // not be the same as it was when the first event was written into the evdev buffer, which
+        // means the input mapper could start out of sync with the initial state of the events in
+        // the evdev buffer. In the extremely unlikely case that this happens, the data from two
+        // slots will be confused until the next ABS_MT_SLOT event is received. This can cause the
+        // touch point to "jump", but at least there will be no stuck touches.
+        int32_t initialSlot;
+        if (const auto status = deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisValue(ABS_MT_SLOT, &initialSlot);
+            status == OK) {
+            mCurrentSlot = initialSlot;
+        } else {
+            ALOGD("Could not retrieve current multi-touch slot index. status=%d", status);
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.h
index 5b55e3d..0e3e2bb 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/accumulator/MultiTouchMotionAccumulator.h
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(index < 0 || index >= mSlots.size(), "Invalid index: %zu", index);
         return mSlots[index];
     }
-    void reset(const InputDeviceContext& deviceContext);
 
 private:
     int32_t mCurrentSlot;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
index 9552104..01e983a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,14 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+// This will disable the tap to click while the user is typing on a physical keyboard
 const bool ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION = input_flags::enable_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection();
 
+// In addition to v1, v2 will also cancel ongoing move gestures while typing and add delay in
+// re-enabling the tap to click.
+const bool ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2 =
+        input_flags::enable_v2_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection();
+
 uint32_t gesturesButtonToMotionEventButton(uint32_t gesturesButton) {
     switch (gesturesButton) {
         case GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT:
@@ -75,6 +81,7 @@
     out << StringPrintf("Button state: 0x%08x\n", mButtonState);
     out << "Down time: " << mDownTime << "\n";
     out << "Current classification: " << ftl::enum_string(mCurrentClassification) << "\n";
+    out << "Enable Tap Timestamp: " << mWhenToEnableTapToClick << "\n";
     return out.str();
 }
 
@@ -109,8 +116,6 @@
 void GestureConverter::populateMotionRanges(InputDeviceInfo& info) const {
     info.addMotionRange(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_PRESSURE, SOURCE, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0, 0);
 
-    // TODO(b/259547750): set this using the raw axis ranges from the touchpad when pointer capture
-    // is enabled.
     if (!mBoundsInLogicalDisplay.isEmpty()) {
         info.addMotionRange(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_X, SOURCE, mBoundsInLogicalDisplay.left,
                             mBoundsInLogicalDisplay.right, 0, 0, 0);
@@ -131,6 +136,7 @@
 }
 
 std::list<NotifyArgs> GestureConverter::handleGesture(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                      nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
                                                       const Gesture& gesture) {
     if (!mDisplayId) {
         // Ignore gestures when there is no target display configured.
@@ -139,13 +145,13 @@
 
     switch (gesture.type) {
         case kGestureTypeMove:
-            return {handleMove(when, readTime, gesture)};
+            return handleMove(when, readTime, gestureStartTime, gesture);
         case kGestureTypeButtonsChange:
             return handleButtonsChange(when, readTime, gesture);
         case kGestureTypeScroll:
             return handleScroll(when, readTime, gesture);
         case kGestureTypeFling:
-            return handleFling(when, readTime, gesture);
+            return handleFling(when, readTime, gestureStartTime, gesture);
         case kGestureTypeSwipe:
             return handleMultiFingerSwipe(when, readTime, 3, gesture.details.swipe.dx,
                                           gesture.details.swipe.dy);
@@ -162,18 +168,41 @@
     }
 }
 
-NotifyMotionArgs GestureConverter::handleMove(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
-                                              const Gesture& gesture) {
+std::list<NotifyArgs> GestureConverter::handleMove(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                   nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
+                                                   const Gesture& gesture) {
     float deltaX = gesture.details.move.dx;
     float deltaY = gesture.details.move.dy;
-    if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION && (std::abs(deltaX) > 0 || std::abs(deltaY) > 0)) {
-        enableTapToClick();
+    if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2) {
+        bool wasHoverCancelled = mIsHoverCancelled;
+        // Gesture will be cancelled if it started before the user started typing and
+        // there is a active IME connection.
+        mIsHoverCancelled = gestureStartTime <= mReaderContext.getLastKeyDownTimestamp() &&
+                mReaderContext.getPolicy()->isInputMethodConnectionActive();
+
+        if (!wasHoverCancelled && mIsHoverCancelled) {
+            // This is the first event of the cancelled gesture, we won't return because we need to
+            // generate a HOVER_EXIT event
+            mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::GRADUAL);
+        } else if (mIsHoverCancelled) {
+            return {};
+        }
     }
+
     rotateDelta(mOrientation, &deltaX, &deltaY);
 
-    mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
-    mPointerController->move(deltaX, deltaY);
-    mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
+    // Update the cursor, and enable tap to click if the gesture is not cancelled
+    if (!mIsHoverCancelled) {
+        // handleFling calls hoverMove with zero delta on FLING_TAP_DOWN. Don't enable tap to click
+        // for this case as subsequent handleButtonsChange may choose to ignore this tap.
+        if ((ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION || ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2) &&
+            (std::abs(deltaX) > 0 || std::abs(deltaY) > 0)) {
+            enableTapToClick(when);
+        }
+        mPointerController->setPresentation(PointerControllerInterface::Presentation::POINTER);
+        mPointerController->move(deltaX, deltaY);
+        mPointerController->unfade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
+    }
 
     const auto [xCursorPosition, yCursorPosition] =
             mEnablePointerChoreographer ? FloatPoint{0, 0} : mPointerController->getPosition();
@@ -187,10 +216,12 @@
     const bool down = isPointerDown(mButtonState);
     coords.setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_PRESSURE, down ? 1.0f : 0.0f);
 
-    const int32_t action = down ? AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE : AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE;
-    return makeMotionArgs(when, readTime, action, /* actionButton= */ 0, mButtonState,
-                          /* pointerCount= */ 1, mFingerProps.data(), &coords, xCursorPosition,
-                          yCursorPosition);
+    const int32_t action = mIsHoverCancelled
+            ? AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT
+            : (down ? AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE : AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE);
+    return {makeMotionArgs(when, readTime, action, /* actionButton= */ 0, mButtonState,
+                           /* pointerCount= */ 1, mFingerProps.data(), &coords, xCursorPosition,
+                           yCursorPosition)};
 }
 
 std::list<NotifyArgs> GestureConverter::handleButtonsChange(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
@@ -210,8 +241,15 @@
     coords.setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_RELATIVE_X, 0);
     coords.setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_RELATIVE_Y, 0);
 
-    if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION && mReaderContext.isPreventingTouchpadTaps()) {
-        enableTapToClick();
+    // V2 palm rejection should override V1
+    if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2) {
+        enableTapToClick(when);
+        if (gesture.details.buttons.is_tap && when <= mWhenToEnableTapToClick) {
+            // return early to prevent this tap
+            return out;
+        }
+    } else if (ENABLE_TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION && mReaderContext.isPreventingTouchpadTaps()) {
+        enableTapToClick(when);
         if (gesture.details.buttons.is_tap) {
             // return early to prevent this tap
             return out;
@@ -348,6 +386,7 @@
 }
 
 std::list<NotifyArgs> GestureConverter::handleFling(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                    nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
                                                     const Gesture& gesture) {
     switch (gesture.details.fling.fling_state) {
         case GESTURES_FLING_START:
@@ -366,13 +405,10 @@
                 // magnitude, which will also result in the pointer icon being updated.
                 // TODO(b/282023644): Add a signal in libgestures for when a stable contact has been
                 //  initiated with a touchpad.
-                if (!mReaderContext.isPreventingTouchpadTaps()) {
-                    enableTapToClick();
-                }
-                return {handleMove(when, readTime,
-                                   Gesture(kGestureMove, gesture.start_time, gesture.end_time,
-                                           /*dx=*/0.f,
-                                           /*dy=*/0.f))};
+                return handleMove(when, readTime, gestureStartTime,
+                                  Gesture(kGestureMove, gesture.start_time, gesture.end_time,
+                                          /*dx=*/0.f,
+                                          /*dy=*/0.f));
             }
             break;
         default:
@@ -598,8 +634,11 @@
             /* videoFrames= */ {}};
 }
 
-void GestureConverter::enableTapToClick() {
-    mReaderContext.setPreventingTouchpadTaps(false);
+void GestureConverter::enableTapToClick(nsecs_t when) {
+    if (mReaderContext.isPreventingTouchpadTaps()) {
+        mWhenToEnableTapToClick = when + TAP_ENABLE_DELAY_NANOS.count();
+        mReaderContext.setPreventingTouchpadTaps(false);
+    }
 }
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.h
index 732a4b2..88e7b99 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.h
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+using std::chrono_literals::operator""ms;
+/**
+ * This duration is decided based on internal team testing, it may be updated after testing with
+ * larger groups
+ */
+constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds TAP_ENABLE_DELAY_NANOS = 400ms;
+
 // Converts Gesture structs from the gestures library into NotifyArgs and the appropriate
 // PointerController calls.
 class GestureConverter {
@@ -53,17 +60,20 @@
     void populateMotionRanges(InputDeviceInfo& info) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> handleGesture(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                      nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
                                                       const Gesture& gesture);
 
 private:
-    [[nodiscard]] NotifyMotionArgs handleMove(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
-                                              const Gesture& gesture);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> handleMove(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                   nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
+                                                   const Gesture& gesture);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> handleButtonsChange(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
                                                             const Gesture& gesture);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> releaseAllButtons(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> handleScroll(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
                                                      const Gesture& gesture);
     [[nodiscard]] std::list<NotifyArgs> handleFling(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime,
+                                                    nsecs_t gestureStartTime,
                                                     const Gesture& gesture);
     [[nodiscard]] NotifyMotionArgs endScroll(nsecs_t when, nsecs_t readTime);
 
@@ -82,7 +92,9 @@
                                     const PointerCoords* pointerCoords, float xCursorPosition,
                                     float yCursorPosition);
 
-    void enableTapToClick();
+    void enableTapToClick(nsecs_t when);
+    bool mIsHoverCancelled{false};
+    nsecs_t mWhenToEnableTapToClick{0};
 
     const int32_t mDeviceId;
     InputReaderContext& mReaderContext;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
index d2b68dd..69772af 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
@@ -41,10 +41,14 @@
 
 const auto TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION =
         ACONFIG_FLAG(input_flags, enable_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection);
+const auto TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2 =
+        ACONFIG_FLAG(input_flags, enable_v2_touchpad_typing_palm_rejection);
 
 } // namespace
 
 using testing::AllOf;
+using testing::ElementsAre;
+using testing::VariantWith;
 
 class GestureConverterTestBase : public testing::Test {
 protected:
@@ -107,14 +111,14 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10));
 }
@@ -126,14 +130,14 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X + 10, POINTER_Y + 5), WithRelativeMotion(10, 5),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X + 10, POINTER_Y + 5), WithRelativeMotion(10, 5),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X + 10, POINTER_Y + 5));
 }
@@ -147,67 +151,69 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT | GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
 
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                      AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                      AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Then release the left button
     Gesture leftUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                           /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, leftUpGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, leftUpGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                              WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                              WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Finally release the right button
     Gesture rightUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                            /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                            /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, rightUpGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, rightUpGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, DragWithButton) {
@@ -219,32 +225,33 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                         /* is_tap= */ false);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Move
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10));
 
@@ -252,24 +259,27 @@
     Gesture upGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                       /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                       /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, upGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, upGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll) {
@@ -279,50 +289,52 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 10),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 10),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 15),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 15),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 15),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 15),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll_Rotated) {
@@ -333,43 +345,47 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 10, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 10, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 15, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X - 15, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 15, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X - 15, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -378,21 +394,22 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll_ClearsScrollDistanceAfterGesture) {
@@ -401,20 +418,21 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like pinch.
     Gesture pinchGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, pinchGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, pinchGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()), WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON));
 }
@@ -426,17 +444,19 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/0,
                          /*dy=*/0);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/-5,
                         /*dy=*/10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ThreeFingerSwipe_ClearsGestureAxesAfterGesture) {
@@ -446,16 +466,17 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/5,
                          /*dy=*/5);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like pinch.
     Gesture pinchGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, pinchGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, pinchGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
                 AllOf(WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(0)));
@@ -472,7 +493,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dx= */ 0,
                          /* dy= */ 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -523,7 +545,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 0, /* dy= */ 5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -540,30 +562,36 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getY(), finger2Start.getY() - 15);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ThreeFingerSwipe_Rotated) {
@@ -574,7 +602,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dx= */ 0,
                          /* dy= */ 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -616,7 +645,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 0, /* dy= */ 5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -631,23 +660,24 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getY(), finger2Start.getY());
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, FourFingerSwipe_Horizontal) {
@@ -657,7 +687,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureFourFingerSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                          /* dx= */ 10, /* dy= */ 0);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
 
     // Four fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -720,7 +751,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureFourFingerSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 5, /* dy= */ 0);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -739,38 +770,46 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[3].getY(), finger3Start.getY());
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_Inwards) {
@@ -780,51 +819,57 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 0.8, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0.8f, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCoords(0, POINTER_X - 80, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 80, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0.8f, EPSILON),
+                              WithPointerCoords(0, POINTER_X - 80, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 80, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(2u),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_Outwards) {
@@ -834,51 +879,57 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.2f, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCoords(0, POINTER_X - 120, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 120, POINTER_Y), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.2f, EPSILON),
+                              WithPointerCoords(0, POINTER_X - 120, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 120, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -888,21 +939,22 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /*dz=*/1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_ClearsScaleFactorAfterGesture) {
@@ -912,21 +964,22 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /*dz=*/1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like scroll.
     Gesture scrollGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/1,
                           /*dy=*/0);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, scrollGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, scrollGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()), WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0, EPSILON));
 }
@@ -939,28 +992,28 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /*down=*/GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT | GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                         /*up=*/GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /*is_tap=*/false);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringScroll) {
@@ -969,18 +1022,18 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 10),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 10),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringThreeFingerSwipe) {
@@ -990,31 +1043,35 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/0,
                          /*dy=*/10);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringPinch) {
@@ -1024,22 +1081,24 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, FlingTapDown) {
@@ -1049,7 +1108,8 @@
 
     Gesture tapDownGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                            /*vx=*/0.f, /*vy=*/0.f, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapDownGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, tapDownGesture);
 
     ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
@@ -1069,52 +1129,57 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                        /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                        /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, tapGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Click) {
@@ -1125,62 +1190,71 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonDownGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                               /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                               /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                             /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, TapWithTapToClickDisabled,
-                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION)) {
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION),
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_DISABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME;
+
     // Tap should be ignored when disabled
     mReader->getContext()->setPreventingTouchpadTaps(true);
 
@@ -1188,9 +1262,45 @@
     GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
-    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
+    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+
+    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                       /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                       /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    // no events should be generated
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // Future taps should be re-enabled
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
+}
+
+TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, TapWithTapToClickDisabledWithDelay,
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME;
+
+    // Tap should be ignored when disabled
+    mReader->getContext()->setPreventingTouchpadTaps(true);
+
+    InputDeviceContext deviceContext(*mDevice, EVENTHUB_ID);
+    GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
+    converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+
+    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                         /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
@@ -1198,18 +1308,73 @@
                       WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
                       WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
                       WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
 
-    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
+    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
                        /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                        /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
 
     // no events should be generated
     ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
 
     // Future taps should be re-enabled
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
+
+    // taps before the threshold should still be ignored
+    currentTime += TAP_ENABLE_DELAY_NANOS.count();
+    flingGesture = Gesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                           /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0)));
+
+    tapGesture = Gesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    // no events should be generated
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // taps after the threshold should be recognised
+    currentTime += 1;
+    flingGesture = Gesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                           /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0)));
+
+    tapGesture = Gesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(1),
+                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
+                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                      WithButtonState(0)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                      WithButtonState(0)));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, ClickWithTapToClickDisabled,
@@ -1223,58 +1388,64 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonDownGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                               /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                               /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                             /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Future taps should be re-enabled
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
@@ -1290,14 +1461,14 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                      WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                              WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                              WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10));
 
@@ -1305,6 +1476,45 @@
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
 }
 
+TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, KeypressCancelsHoverMove,
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    const nsecs_t gestureStartTime = 1000;
+    InputDeviceContext deviceContext(*mDevice, EVENTHUB_ID);
+    GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
+    converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+
+    // Start a move gesture at gestureStartTime
+    Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, gestureStartTime, gestureStartTime, -5, 10);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(gestureStartTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE))));
+
+    // Key presses with IME connection should cancel ongoing move gesture
+    nsecs_t currentTime = gestureStartTime + 100;
+    mFakePolicy->setIsInputMethodConnectionActive(true);
+    mReader->getContext()->setLastKeyDownTimestamp(currentTime);
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT))));
+
+    // any updates in existing move gesture should be ignored
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // New gesture should not be affected
+    currentTime += 100;
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, currentTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE))));
+}
+
 // TODO(b/311416205): De-duplicate the test cases after the refactoring is complete and the flagging
 //   logic can be removed.
 class GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer : public GestureConverterTestBase {
@@ -1321,13 +1531,14 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Move_Rotated) {
@@ -1337,13 +1548,14 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(10, 5), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(10, 5), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ButtonsChange) {
@@ -1355,65 +1567,64 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT | GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                      AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                      AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Then release the left button
     Gesture leftUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                           /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, leftUpGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, leftUpGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                              WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                              WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Finally release the right button
     Gesture rightUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                            /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                            /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, rightUpGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, rightUpGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, DragWithButton) {
@@ -1425,53 +1636,53 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                         /* is_tap= */ false);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Move
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Release the button
     Gesture upGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                       /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                       /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, upGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, upGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll) {
@@ -1481,47 +1692,50 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(0, -10),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(0, -10),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(0, -15),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(0, -15),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, 0 - 15),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, 0 - 15),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll_Rotated) {
@@ -1532,40 +1746,46 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(-10, 0),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(downTime, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(-10, 0),
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(-15, 0),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE), WithCoords(-15, 0),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 5, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(-15, 0),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(-15, 0),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -1574,21 +1794,22 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll_ClearsScrollDistanceAfterGesture) {
@@ -1597,20 +1818,21 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 1, 1,
                          GESTURES_FLING_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like pinch.
     Gesture pinchGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, pinchGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, pinchGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()), WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON));
 }
@@ -1622,17 +1844,18 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/0,
                          /*dy=*/0);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/-5,
                         /*dy=*/10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ThreeFingerSwipe_ClearsGestureAxesAfterGesture) {
@@ -1642,16 +1865,17 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/5,
                          /*dy=*/5);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like pinch.
     Gesture pinchGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, pinchGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, pinchGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
                 AllOf(WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(0)));
@@ -1668,7 +1892,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dx= */ 0,
                          /* dy= */ 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -1719,7 +1944,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 0, /* dy= */ 5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -1736,30 +1961,36 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getY(), finger2Start.getY() - 15);
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ThreeFingerSwipe_Rotated) {
@@ -1770,7 +2001,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dx= */ 0,
                          /* dy= */ 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -1812,7 +2044,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 0, /* dy= */ 5);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -1827,23 +2059,24 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getY(), finger2Start.getY());
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, FourFingerSwipe_Horizontal) {
@@ -1853,7 +2086,8 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureFourFingerSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                          /* dx= */ 10, /* dy= */ 0);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
 
     // Four fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
@@ -1916,7 +2150,7 @@
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureFourFingerSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* dx= */ 5, /* dy= */ 0);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, continueGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
@@ -1935,38 +2169,46 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[3].getY(), finger3Start.getY());
 
     Gesture liftGesture(kGestureSwipeLift, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, liftGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, liftGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_Inwards) {
@@ -1976,50 +2218,56 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithCoords(-100, 0),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 0.8, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0.8f, EPSILON), WithPointerCoords(0, -80, 0),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, 80, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0.8f, EPSILON),
+                              WithPointerCoords(0, -80, 0), WithPointerCoords(1, 80, 0),
+                              WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_Outwards) {
@@ -2029,50 +2277,56 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithCoords(-100, 0),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 1.1, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.1f, EPSILON), WithPointerCoords(0, -110, 0),
-                      WithPointerCoords(1, 110, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.1f, EPSILON),
+                              WithPointerCoords(0, -110, 0), WithPointerCoords(1, 110, 0),
+                              WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* dz= */ 1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -2082,21 +2336,22 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /*dz=*/1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE));
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_ClearsScaleFactorAfterGesture) {
@@ -2106,21 +2361,22 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /*dz=*/1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, updateGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, updateGesture);
 
     Gesture endGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                        GESTURES_ZOOM_END);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, endGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, endGesture);
 
     // Move gestures don't use the fake finger array, so to test that gesture axes are cleared we
     // need to use another gesture type, like scroll.
     Gesture scrollGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/1,
                           /*dy=*/0);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, scrollGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, scrollGesture);
     ASSERT_FALSE(args.empty());
     EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()), WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(0, EPSILON));
 }
@@ -2133,27 +2389,27 @@
     Gesture downGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                         /*down=*/GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT | GESTURES_BUTTON_RIGHT,
                         /*up=*/GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /*is_tap=*/false);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, downGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, downGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringScroll) {
@@ -2162,17 +2418,17 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -10);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, -10),
-                      WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, -10),
+                              WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                              WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringThreeFingerSwipe) {
@@ -2182,31 +2438,35 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGestureSwipe, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/0,
                          /*dy=*/10);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(
+                                                  MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringPinch) {
@@ -2216,22 +2476,24 @@
 
     Gesture startGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dz=*/1,
                          GESTURES_ZOOM_START);
-    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, startGesture);
+    (void)converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
 
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.reset(ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
-                                       1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    EXPECT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                      WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(
+                                                  AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
+                                                  1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, FlingTapDown) {
@@ -2241,7 +2503,8 @@
 
     Gesture tapDownGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                            /*vx=*/0.f, /*vy=*/0.f, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapDownGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, tapDownGesture);
 
     ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
@@ -2257,50 +2520,54 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                        /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                        /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, tapGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Click) {
@@ -2311,7 +2578,8 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
@@ -2322,49 +2590,56 @@
     Gesture buttonDownGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                               /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                               /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                             /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, TapWithTapToClickDisabled,
-                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION)) {
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION),
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_DISABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME;
+
     // Tap should be ignored when disabled
     mReader->getContext()->setPreventingTouchpadTaps(true);
 
@@ -2372,21 +2647,22 @@
     GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
-    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
+    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
-    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
+    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
                        /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                        /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, tapGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
 
     // no events should be generated
     ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
@@ -2395,6 +2671,96 @@
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
 }
 
+TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, TapWithTapToClickDisabledWithDelay,
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME;
+
+    // Tap should be ignored when disabled
+    mReader->getContext()->setPreventingTouchpadTaps(true);
+
+    InputDeviceContext deviceContext(*mDevice, EVENTHUB_ID);
+    GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
+    converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+
+    Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                         /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+
+    Gesture tapGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                       /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                       /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    // no events should be generated
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // Future taps should be re-enabled
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
+
+    // taps before the threshold should still be ignored
+    currentTime += TAP_ENABLE_DELAY_NANOS.count();
+    flingGesture = Gesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                           /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0)));
+
+    tapGesture = Gesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    // no events should be generated
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // taps after the threshold should be recognised
+    currentTime += 1;
+    flingGesture = Gesture(kGestureFling, currentTime, currentTime, /* vx= */ 0,
+                           /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, flingGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0)));
+
+    tapGesture = Gesture(kGestureButtonsChange, currentTime, currentTime,
+                         /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
+                         /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(1),
+                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
+                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                      WithButtonState(0)));
+    args.pop_front();
+    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
+                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                      WithButtonState(0)));
+}
+
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ClickWithTapToClickDisabled,
                   REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION)) {
     // Click should still produce button press/release events
@@ -2406,56 +2772,62 @@
 
     Gesture flingGesture(kGestureFling, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /* vx= */ 0,
                          /* vy= */ 0, GESTURES_FLING_TAP_DOWN);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, flingGesture);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, flingGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonDownGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                               /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                               /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2u, args.size());
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonDownGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
                             /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ false);
-    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, buttonUpGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(3u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
+                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
+                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
+                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Future taps should be re-enabled
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
@@ -2471,16 +2843,57 @@
     converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
-    std::list<NotifyArgs> args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
 
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Future taps should be re-enabled
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
 }
 
+TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, KeypressCancelsHoverMove,
+                  REQUIRES_FLAGS_ENABLED(TOUCHPAD_PALM_REJECTION_V2)) {
+    const nsecs_t gestureStartTime = 1000;
+    InputDeviceContext deviceContext(*mDevice, EVENTHUB_ID);
+    GestureConverter converter(*mReader->getContext(), deviceContext, DEVICE_ID);
+    converter.setDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+
+    // Start a move gesture at gestureStartTime
+    Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, gestureStartTime, gestureStartTime, -5, 10);
+    std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
+            converter.handleGesture(gestureStartTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE))));
+
+    // Key presses with IME connection should cancel ongoing move gesture
+    nsecs_t currentTime = gestureStartTime + 100;
+    mFakePolicy->setIsInputMethodConnectionActive(true);
+    mReader->getContext()->setLastKeyDownTimestamp(currentTime);
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT))));
+
+    // any updates in existing move gesture should be ignored
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, gestureStartTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0u, args.size());
+
+    // New gesture should not be affected
+    currentTime += 100;
+    moveGesture = Gesture(kGestureMove, currentTime, currentTime, -5, 10);
+    args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, READ_TIME, currentTime, moveGesture);
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE))));
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
index 9394995..ef07540 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
@@ -1184,6 +1184,11 @@
         mInfo.setInputConfig(WindowInfo::InputConfig::DISABLE_USER_ACTIVITY, disableUserActivity);
     }
 
+    void setGlobalStylusBlocksTouch(bool shouldGlobalStylusBlockTouch) {
+        mInfo.setInputConfig(WindowInfo::InputConfig::GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH,
+                             shouldGlobalStylusBlockTouch);
+    }
+
     void setAlpha(float alpha) { mInfo.alpha = alpha; }
 
     void setTouchOcclusionMode(TouchOcclusionMode mode) { mInfo.touchOcclusionMode = mode; }
@@ -3341,6 +3346,150 @@
 }
 
 /**
+ * If stylus is down anywhere on the screen, then touches should not be delivered to windows that
+ * have InputConfig::GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH.
+ *
+ * Two windows: one on the left and one on the right.
+ * The window on the right has GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH config.
+ * Stylus down on the left window, and then touch down on the right window.
+ * Check that the right window doesn't get touches while the stylus is down on the left window.
+ */
+TEST_F(InputDispatcherMultiDeviceTest, GlobalStylusDownBlocksTouch) {
+    std::shared_ptr<FakeApplicationHandle> application = std::make_shared<FakeApplicationHandle>();
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> leftWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher, "Left window",
+                                       ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    leftWindow->setFrame(Rect(0, 0, 100, 100));
+
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> sbtRightWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher,
+                                       "Stylus blocks touch (right) window", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    sbtRightWindow->setFrame(Rect(100, 100, 200, 200));
+    sbtRightWindow->setGlobalStylusBlocksTouch(true);
+
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged(
+            {{*leftWindow->getInfo(), *sbtRightWindow->getInfo()}, {}, 0, 0});
+
+    const int32_t stylusDeviceId = 5;
+    const int32_t touchDeviceId = 4;
+
+    // Stylus down in the left window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(50).y(52))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_DOWN), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+
+    // Finger tap on the right window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(150).y(151))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(150).y(151))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+
+    // The touch should be blocked, because stylus is down somewhere else on screen!
+    sbtRightWindow->assertNoEvents();
+
+    // Continue stylus motion, and ensure it's not impacted.
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(51).y(53))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(51).y(53))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_MOVE), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_UP), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+
+    // Now that the stylus gesture is done, touches should be getting delivered correctly.
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(151).y(153))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    sbtRightWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_DOWN), WithDeviceId(touchDeviceId)));
+}
+
+/**
+ * If stylus is hovering anywhere on the screen, then touches should not be delivered to windows
+ * that have InputConfig::GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH.
+ *
+ * Two windows: one on the left and one on the right.
+ * The window on the right has GLOBAL_STYLUS_BLOCKS_TOUCH config.
+ * Stylus hover on the left window, and then touch down on the right window.
+ * Check that the right window doesn't get touches while the stylus is hovering on the left window.
+ */
+TEST_F(InputDispatcherMultiDeviceTest, GlobalStylusHoverBlocksTouch) {
+    std::shared_ptr<FakeApplicationHandle> application = std::make_shared<FakeApplicationHandle>();
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> leftWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher, "Left window",
+                                       ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    leftWindow->setFrame(Rect(0, 0, 100, 100));
+
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> sbtRightWindow =
+            sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher,
+                                       "Stylus blocks touch (right) window", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    sbtRightWindow->setFrame(Rect(100, 100, 200, 200));
+    sbtRightWindow->setGlobalStylusBlocksTouch(true);
+
+    mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged(
+            {{*leftWindow->getInfo(), *sbtRightWindow->getInfo()}, {}, 0, 0});
+
+    const int32_t stylusDeviceId = 5;
+    const int32_t touchDeviceId = 4;
+
+    // Stylus hover in the left window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_HOVER_ENTER, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(50).y(52))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_HOVER_ENTER), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+
+    // Finger tap on the right window
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(150).y(151))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(150).y(151))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+
+    // The touch should be blocked, because stylus is hovering somewhere else on screen!
+    sbtRightWindow->assertNoEvents();
+
+    // Continue stylus motion, and ensure it's not impacted.
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_HOVER_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(51).y(53))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_HOVER_EXIT, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(51).y(53))
+                                      .deviceId(stylusDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_HOVER_MOVE), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+    leftWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_HOVER_EXIT), WithDeviceId(stylusDeviceId)));
+
+    // Now that the stylus gesture is done, touches should be getting delivered correctly.
+    mDispatcher->notifyMotion(MotionArgsBuilder(ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN)
+                                      .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::FINGER).x(151).y(153))
+                                      .deviceId(touchDeviceId)
+                                      .build());
+    sbtRightWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_DOWN), WithDeviceId(touchDeviceId)));
+}
+
+/**
  * A spy window above a window with no input channel.
  * Start hovering with a stylus device, and then tap with it.
  * Ensure spy window receives the entire sequence.
@@ -9692,7 +9841,7 @@
 
     // Receives cancel for first pointer after next pointer down
     mSpyWindow->consumeMotionEvent(WithMotionAction(ACTION_CANCEL));
-    mSpyWindow->consumeMotionEvent(WithMotionAction(ACTION_DOWN));
+    mSpyWindow->consumeMotionEvent(AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_DOWN), WithPointerIds({1})));
     mDragWindow->consumeMotionEvent(WithMotionAction(ACTION_MOVE));
 
     mSpyWindow->assertNoEvents();
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
index e0a3e94..c6536de 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
@@ -2894,9 +2894,9 @@
     mapper.assertConfigureWasCalled();
     mapper.assertResetWasNotCalled();
 
-    RawEvent event{.deviceId = EVENTHUB_ID,
+    RawEvent event{.when = ARBITRARY_TIME,
                    .readTime = ARBITRARY_TIME,
-                   .when = ARBITRARY_TIME,
+                   .deviceId = EVENTHUB_ID,
                    .type = EV_SYN,
                    .code = SYN_REPORT,
                    .value = 0};
@@ -10971,7 +10971,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(uint32_t(1), motionArgs.getPointerCount());
 }
 
-TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, ResetClearsTouchState) {
+TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, Reset_PreservesLastTouchState) {
     addConfigurationProperty("touch.deviceType", "touchScreen");
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_0);
     prepareAxes(POSITION | ID | SLOT | PRESSURE);
@@ -10994,36 +10994,25 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
             mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(WithMotionAction(ACTION_POINTER_1_DOWN)));
 
-    // Reset the mapper. When the mapper is reset, the touch state is also cleared.
+    // Reset the mapper. When the mapper is reset, we expect the current multi-touch state to be
+    // preserved. Resetting should cancel the ongoing gesture.
     resetMapper(mapper, ARBITRARY_TIME);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
             WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_CANCEL)));
 
-    // Move the second slot pointer, and ensure there are no events, because the touch state was
-    // cleared and no slots should be in use.
+    // Send a sync to simulate an empty touch frame where nothing changes. The mapper should use
+    // the existing touch state to generate a down event.
     processPosition(mapper, 301, 302);
     processSync(mapper);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasNotCalled());
-
-    // Release both fingers.
-    processId(mapper, INVALID_TRACKING_ID);
-    processSlot(mapper, FIRST_SLOT);
-    processId(mapper, INVALID_TRACKING_ID);
-    processSync(mapper);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasNotCalled());
-
-    // Start a new gesture, and ensure we get a DOWN event for it.
-    processId(mapper, FIRST_TRACKING_ID);
-    processPosition(mapper, 200, 300);
-    processPressure(mapper, RAW_PRESSURE_MAX);
-    processSync(mapper);
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
             AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithPressure(1.f))));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_POINTER_1_DOWN), WithPressure(1.f))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasNotCalled());
 }
 
-TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, ResetClearsTouchStateWithNoPointersDown) {
+TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, Reset_PreservesLastTouchState_NoPointersDown) {
     addConfigurationProperty("touch.deviceType", "touchScreen");
     prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_0);
     prepareAxes(POSITION | ID | SLOT | PRESSURE);
@@ -11151,66 +11140,6 @@
     ASSERT_FALSE(fakePointerController->isPointerShown());
 }
 
-TEST_F(MultiTouchInputMapperTest, SimulateKernelBufferOverflow) {
-    addConfigurationProperty("touch.deviceType", "touchScreen");
-    prepareDisplay(ui::ROTATION_0);
-    prepareAxes(POSITION | ID | SLOT | PRESSURE);
-    MultiTouchInputMapper& mapper = constructAndAddMapper<MultiTouchInputMapper>();
-
-    // First finger down.
-    processId(mapper, FIRST_TRACKING_ID);
-    processPosition(mapper, 100, 200);
-    processPressure(mapper, RAW_PRESSURE_MAX);
-    processSync(mapper);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
-            WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN)));
-
-    // Assume the kernel buffer overflows, and we get a SYN_DROPPED event.
-    // This will reset the mapper, and thus also reset the touch state.
-    process(mapper, ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, EV_SYN, SYN_DROPPED, 0);
-    resetMapper(mapper, ARBITRARY_TIME);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
-            WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_CANCEL)));
-
-    // Since the touch state was reset, it doesn't know which slots are active, so any movements
-    // are ignored.
-    processPosition(mapper, 101, 201);
-    processSync(mapper);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasNotCalled());
-
-    // Second finger goes down. This is the first active finger, so we get a DOWN event.
-    processSlot(mapper, SECOND_SLOT);
-    processId(mapper, SECOND_TRACKING_ID);
-    processPosition(mapper, 400, 500);
-    processPressure(mapper, RAW_PRESSURE_MAX);
-    processSync(mapper);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
-            WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN)));
-
-    // First slot is still ignored, only the second one is active.
-    processSlot(mapper, FIRST_SLOT);
-    processPosition(mapper, 102, 202);
-    processSlot(mapper, SECOND_SLOT);
-    processPosition(mapper, 401, 501);
-    processSync(mapper);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(
-            WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE)));
-
-    // Both slots up, so we get the UP event for the active pointer.
-    processSlot(mapper, FIRST_SLOT);
-    processId(mapper, INVALID_TRACKING_ID);
-    processSlot(mapper, SECOND_SLOT);
-    processId(mapper, INVALID_TRACKING_ID);
-    processSync(mapper);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasCalled(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP)));
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakeListener->assertNotifyMotionWasNotCalled());
-}
-
 // --- MultiTouchInputMapperTest_ExternalDevice ---
 
 class MultiTouchInputMapperTest_ExternalDevice : public MultiTouchInputMapperTest {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/TestEventMatchers.h b/services/inputflinger/tests/TestEventMatchers.h
index 66fdaa4..8ba497a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/TestEventMatchers.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/TestEventMatchers.h
@@ -464,6 +464,53 @@
     return WithPointersMatcher(pointers);
 }
 
+/// Pointer ids matcher
+class WithPointerIdsMatcher {
+public:
+    using is_gtest_matcher = void;
+    explicit WithPointerIdsMatcher(std::set<int32_t> pointerIds) : mPointerIds(pointerIds) {}
+
+    bool MatchAndExplain(const MotionEvent& event, std::ostream* os) const {
+        std::set<int32_t> actualPointerIds;
+        for (size_t pointerIndex = 0; pointerIndex < event.getPointerCount(); pointerIndex++) {
+            const PointerProperties* properties = event.getPointerProperties(pointerIndex);
+            actualPointerIds.insert(properties->id);
+        }
+
+        if (mPointerIds != actualPointerIds) {
+            *os << "expected pointer ids " << dumpSet(mPointerIds) << ", but got "
+                << dumpSet(actualPointerIds);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool MatchAndExplain(const NotifyMotionArgs& event, std::ostream* os) const {
+        std::set<int32_t> actualPointerIds;
+        for (const PointerProperties& properties : event.pointerProperties) {
+            actualPointerIds.insert(properties.id);
+        }
+
+        if (mPointerIds != actualPointerIds) {
+            *os << "expected pointer ids " << dumpSet(mPointerIds) << ", but got "
+                << dumpSet(actualPointerIds);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void DescribeTo(std::ostream* os) const { *os << "with pointer ids " << dumpSet(mPointerIds); }
+
+    void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream* os) const { *os << "wrong pointer ids"; }
+
+private:
+    const std::set<int32_t> mPointerIds;
+};
+
+inline WithPointerIdsMatcher WithPointerIds(const std::set<int32_t /*id*/>& pointerIds) {
+    return WithPointerIdsMatcher(pointerIds);
+}
+
 /// Key code
 class WithKeyCodeMatcher {
 public:
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/planner/Flattener.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/planner/Flattener.cpp
index a18397d..91cfe5d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/planner/Flattener.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/planner/Flattener.cpp
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
         }
 
         // Do not unflatten if source crop is only moved.
-        if (FlagManager::getInstance().cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved() &&
+        if (FlagManager::getInstance().cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved() &&
             incomingLayers[i]->isSourceCropSizeEqual(*(existingLayers[i])) &&
             incomingLayers[i]->getDifferingFields(*(existingLayers[i])) ==
                     LayerStateField::SourceCrop) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/FlattenerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/FlattenerTest.cpp
index 763b998..d2eff75 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/FlattenerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/FlattenerTest.cpp
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FlattenerTest, unflattenLayers_onlySourceCropMoved) {
     SET_FLAG_FOR_TEST(com::android::graphics::surfaceflinger::flags::
-                              cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved,
+                              cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved,
                       true);
 
     auto& layerState1 = mTestLayers[0]->layerState;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
index 24a9e22..704ece5 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
@@ -165,8 +165,7 @@
     auto intError = mComposer.getChangedCompositionTypes(
             mId, &layerIds, &types);
     uint32_t numElements = layerIds.size();
-    auto error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
-    error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
+    const auto error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
     if (error != Error::NONE) {
         return error;
     }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.cpp
index 803299c..d0e2d7a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.cpp
@@ -390,6 +390,22 @@
     mGpuComposition = true;
 }
 
+// TODO(b/316171339): migrate from perfetto side
+bool SurfaceFrame::isSelfJanky() const {
+    int32_t jankType = getJankType().value_or(JankType::None);
+
+    if (jankType == JankType::None) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int32_t jankBitmask = JankType::AppDeadlineMissed | JankType::Unknown;
+    if (jankType & jankBitmask) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 std::optional<int32_t> SurfaceFrame::getJankType() const {
     std::scoped_lock lock(mMutex);
     if (mPresentState == PresentState::Dropped) {
@@ -1113,20 +1129,23 @@
 }
 
 void FrameTimeline::DisplayFrame::addSkippedFrame(pid_t surfaceFlingerPid, nsecs_t monoBootOffset,
-                                                  nsecs_t previousActualPresentTime) const {
+                                                  nsecs_t previousPredictionPresentTime) const {
     nsecs_t skippedFrameStartTime = 0, skippedFramePresentTime = 0;
     const constexpr float kThresh = 0.5f;
     const constexpr float kRange = 1.5f;
     for (auto& surfaceFrame : mSurfaceFrames) {
-        if (previousActualPresentTime != 0 &&
-            static_cast<float>(mSurfaceFlingerActuals.presentTime - previousActualPresentTime) >=
+        if (previousPredictionPresentTime != 0 &&
+            static_cast<float>(mSurfaceFlingerPredictions.presentTime -
+                               previousPredictionPresentTime) >=
                     static_cast<float>(mRenderRate.getPeriodNsecs()) * kRange &&
             static_cast<float>(surfaceFrame->getPredictions().presentTime) <=
-                    (static_cast<float>(mSurfaceFlingerActuals.presentTime) -
+                    (static_cast<float>(mSurfaceFlingerPredictions.presentTime) -
                      kThresh * static_cast<float>(mRenderRate.getPeriodNsecs())) &&
             static_cast<float>(surfaceFrame->getPredictions().presentTime) >=
-                    (static_cast<float>(previousActualPresentTime) -
-                     kThresh * static_cast<float>(mRenderRate.getPeriodNsecs()))) {
+                    (static_cast<float>(previousPredictionPresentTime) -
+                     kThresh * static_cast<float>(mRenderRate.getPeriodNsecs())) &&
+            // sf skipped frame is not considered if app is self janked
+            !surfaceFrame->isSelfJanky()) {
             skippedFrameStartTime = surfaceFrame->getPredictions().endTime;
             skippedFramePresentTime = surfaceFrame->getPredictions().presentTime;
             break;
@@ -1215,18 +1234,18 @@
     });
 }
 
-void FrameTimeline::DisplayFrame::trace(pid_t surfaceFlingerPid, nsecs_t monoBootOffset,
-                                        nsecs_t previousActualPresentTime) const {
+nsecs_t FrameTimeline::DisplayFrame::trace(pid_t surfaceFlingerPid, nsecs_t monoBootOffset,
+                                           nsecs_t previousPredictionPresentTime) const {
     if (mSurfaceFrames.empty()) {
         // We don't want to trace display frames without any surface frames updates as this cannot
         // be janky
-        return;
+        return previousPredictionPresentTime;
     }
 
     if (mToken == FrameTimelineInfo::INVALID_VSYNC_ID) {
         // DisplayFrame should not have an invalid token.
         ALOGE("Cannot trace DisplayFrame with invalid token");
-        return;
+        return previousPredictionPresentTime;
     }
 
     if (mPredictionState == PredictionState::Valid) {
@@ -1241,8 +1260,9 @@
     }
 
     if (FlagManager::getInstance().add_sf_skipped_frames_to_trace()) {
-        addSkippedFrame(surfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset, previousActualPresentTime);
+        addSkippedFrame(surfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset, previousPredictionPresentTime);
     }
+    return mSurfaceFlingerPredictions.presentTime;
 }
 
 float FrameTimeline::computeFps(const std::unordered_set<int32_t>& layerIds) {
@@ -1333,8 +1353,9 @@
         const auto& pendingPresentFence = *mPendingPresentFences.begin();
         const nsecs_t signalTime = Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_INVALID;
         auto& displayFrame = pendingPresentFence.second;
-        displayFrame->onPresent(signalTime, mPreviousPresentTime);
-        displayFrame->trace(mSurfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset, mPreviousPresentTime);
+        displayFrame->onPresent(signalTime, mPreviousActualPresentTime);
+        mPreviousPredictionPresentTime = displayFrame->trace(mSurfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset,
+                                                             mPreviousPredictionPresentTime);
         mPendingPresentFences.erase(mPendingPresentFences.begin());
     }
 
@@ -1349,9 +1370,10 @@
         }
 
         auto& displayFrame = pendingPresentFence.second;
-        displayFrame->onPresent(signalTime, mPreviousPresentTime);
-        displayFrame->trace(mSurfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset, mPreviousPresentTime);
-        mPreviousPresentTime = signalTime;
+        displayFrame->onPresent(signalTime, mPreviousActualPresentTime);
+        mPreviousPredictionPresentTime = displayFrame->trace(mSurfaceFlingerPid, monoBootOffset,
+                                                             mPreviousPredictionPresentTime);
+        mPreviousActualPresentTime = signalTime;
 
         mPendingPresentFences.erase(mPendingPresentFences.begin() + static_cast<int>(i));
         --i;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.h b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.h
index b5047a3..a76f7d4 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@
                  TraceCookieCounter* traceCookieCounter, bool isBuffer, GameMode);
     ~SurfaceFrame() = default;
 
+    bool isSelfJanky() const;
+
     // Returns std::nullopt if the frame hasn't been classified yet.
     // Used by both SF and FrameTimeline.
     std::optional<int32_t> getJankType() const;
@@ -381,8 +383,8 @@
         // Emits a packet for perfetto tracing. The function body will be executed only if tracing
         // is enabled. monoBootOffset is the difference between SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME
         // and SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC.
-        void trace(pid_t surfaceFlingerPid, nsecs_t monoBootOffset,
-                   nsecs_t previousActualPresentTime) const;
+        nsecs_t trace(pid_t surfaceFlingerPid, nsecs_t monoBootOffset,
+                      nsecs_t previousPredictionPresentTime) const;
         // Sets the token, vsyncPeriod, predictions and SF start time.
         void onSfWakeUp(int64_t token, Fps refreshRate, Fps renderRate,
                         std::optional<TimelineItem> predictions, nsecs_t wakeUpTime);
@@ -508,7 +510,8 @@
     uint32_t mMaxDisplayFrames;
     std::shared_ptr<TimeStats> mTimeStats;
     const pid_t mSurfaceFlingerPid;
-    nsecs_t mPreviousPresentTime = 0;
+    nsecs_t mPreviousActualPresentTime = 0;
+    nsecs_t mPreviousPredictionPresentTime = 0;
     const JankClassificationThresholds mJankClassificationThresholds;
     static constexpr uint32_t kDefaultMaxDisplayFrames = 64;
     // The initial container size for the vector<SurfaceFrames> inside display frame. Although
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/EventThread.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/EventThread.cpp
index 56be1b1..6e862b4 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/EventThread.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/EventThread.cpp
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
 
     mVsyncRegistration.update({.workDuration = mWorkDuration.get().count(),
                                .readyDuration = mReadyDuration.count(),
-                               .earliestVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
+                               .lastVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
 }
 
 sp<EventThreadConnection> EventThread::createEventConnection(
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
             const auto scheduleResult =
                     mVsyncRegistration.schedule({.workDuration = mWorkDuration.get().count(),
                                                  .readyDuration = mReadyDuration.count(),
-                                                 .earliestVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
+                                                 .lastVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
             LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!scheduleResult, "Error scheduling callback");
         } else {
             mVsyncRegistration.cancel();
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@
     if (reschedule) {
         mVsyncRegistration.schedule({.workDuration = mWorkDuration.get().count(),
                                      .readyDuration = mReadyDuration.count(),
-                                     .earliestVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
+                                     .lastVsync = mLastVsyncCallbackTime.ns()});
     }
     return oldRegistration;
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp
index 18c0a69..cf8b3bf 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
         mVsync.scheduledFrameTime =
                 mVsync.registration->schedule({.workDuration = mVsync.workDuration.get().count(),
                                                .readyDuration = 0,
-                                               .earliestVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
+                                               .lastVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
     }
     return oldRegistration;
 }
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
     mVsync.scheduledFrameTime =
             mVsync.registration->update({.workDuration = mVsync.workDuration.get().count(),
                                          .readyDuration = 0,
-                                         .earliestVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
+                                         .lastVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
 }
 
 void MessageQueue::waitMessage() {
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
     mVsync.scheduledFrameTime =
             mVsync.registration->schedule({.workDuration = mVsync.workDuration.get().count(),
                                            .readyDuration = 0,
-                                           .earliestVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
+                                           .lastVsync = mVsync.lastCallbackTime.ns()});
 }
 
 auto MessageQueue::getScheduledFrameTime() const -> std::optional<Clock::time_point> {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
index 1b72071..bfc47e6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
@@ -611,8 +611,10 @@
     const Display& display = *displayOpt;
     const nsecs_t threshold =
             display.selectorPtr->getActiveMode().modePtr->getVsyncRate().getPeriodNsecs() / 2;
-    const nsecs_t nextVsyncTime = display.schedulePtr->getTracker().nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(
-            currentExpectedPresentTime.ns() + threshold);
+    const nsecs_t nextVsyncTime =
+            display.schedulePtr->getTracker()
+                    .nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(currentExpectedPresentTime.ns() + threshold,
+                                                  currentExpectedPresentTime.ns());
     return Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(nextVsyncTime - currentExpectedPresentTime.ns());
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatch.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatch.h
index c3a952f..f978016 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatch.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatch.h
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@
      *                 able to provide the ready-by time (deadline) on the callback.
      *                 For internal clients, we don't need to add additional padding, so
      *                 readyDuration will typically be 0.
-     * @earliestVsync: The targeted display time. This will be snapped to the closest
-     *                 predicted vsync time after earliestVsync.
+     * @lastVsync: The targeted display time. This will be snapped to the closest
+     *                 predicted vsync time after lastVsync.
      *
      * callback will be dispatched at 'workDuration + readyDuration' nanoseconds before a vsync
      * event.
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@
     struct ScheduleTiming {
         nsecs_t workDuration = 0;
         nsecs_t readyDuration = 0;
-        nsecs_t earliestVsync = 0;
+        nsecs_t lastVsync = 0;
 
         bool operator==(const ScheduleTiming& other) const {
             return workDuration == other.workDuration && readyDuration == other.readyDuration &&
-                    earliestVsync == other.earliestVsync;
+                    lastVsync == other.lastVsync;
         }
 
         bool operator!=(const ScheduleTiming& other) const { return !(*this == other); }
@@ -109,12 +109,12 @@
      * The callback will be dispatched at 'workDuration + readyDuration' nanoseconds before a vsync
      * event.
      *
-     * The caller designates the earliest vsync event that should be targeted by the earliestVsync
+     * The caller designates the earliest vsync event that should be targeted by the lastVsync
      * parameter.
      * The callback will be scheduled at (workDuration + readyDuration - predictedVsync), where
-     * predictedVsync is the first vsync event time where ( predictedVsync >= earliestVsync ).
+     * predictedVsync is the first vsync event time where ( predictedVsync >= lastVsync ).
      *
-     * If (workDuration + readyDuration - earliestVsync) is in the past, or if a callback has
+     * If (workDuration + readyDuration - lastVsync) is in the past, or if a callback has
      * already been dispatched for the predictedVsync, an error will be returned.
      *
      * It is valid to reschedule a callback to a different time.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
index 9d271dc..5cb0ffb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
@@ -45,8 +45,11 @@
 
 nsecs_t getExpectedCallbackTime(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now,
                                 const VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming& timing) {
-    const auto nextVsyncTime = tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(
-            std::max(timing.earliestVsync, now + timing.workDuration + timing.readyDuration));
+    const auto nextVsyncTime =
+            tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(std::max(timing.lastVsync,
+                                                          now + timing.workDuration +
+                                                                  timing.readyDuration),
+                                                 timing.lastVsync);
     return getExpectedCallbackTime(nextVsyncTime, timing);
 }
 
@@ -93,8 +96,11 @@
 
 ScheduleResult VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::schedule(VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming timing,
                                                       VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now) {
-    auto nextVsyncTime = tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(
-            std::max(timing.earliestVsync, now + timing.workDuration + timing.readyDuration));
+    auto nextVsyncTime =
+            tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(std::max(timing.lastVsync,
+                                                          now + timing.workDuration +
+                                                                  timing.readyDuration),
+                                                 timing.lastVsync);
     auto nextWakeupTime = nextVsyncTime - timing.workDuration - timing.readyDuration;
 
     bool const wouldSkipAVsyncTarget =
@@ -139,11 +145,13 @@
     bool const nextVsyncTooClose = mLastDispatchTime &&
             (nextVsyncTime - *mLastDispatchTime + mMinVsyncDistance) <= currentPeriod;
     if (alreadyDispatchedForVsync) {
-        return tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(*mLastDispatchTime + mMinVsyncDistance);
+        return tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(*mLastDispatchTime + mMinVsyncDistance,
+                                                    *mLastDispatchTime);
     }
 
     if (nextVsyncTooClose) {
-        return tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(*mLastDispatchTime + currentPeriod);
+        return tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(*mLastDispatchTime + currentPeriod,
+                                                    *mLastDispatchTime + currentPeriod);
     }
 
     return nextVsyncTime;
@@ -160,11 +168,12 @@
     }
 
     const auto earliestReadyBy = now + mScheduleTiming.workDuration + mScheduleTiming.readyDuration;
-    const auto earliestVsync = std::max(earliestReadyBy, mScheduleTiming.earliestVsync);
+    const auto earliestVsync = std::max(earliestReadyBy, mScheduleTiming.lastVsync);
 
     const auto nextVsyncTime =
             adjustVsyncIfNeeded(tracker, /*nextVsyncTime*/
-                                tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(earliestVsync));
+                                tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(earliestVsync,
+                                                                     mScheduleTiming.lastVsync));
     const auto nextReadyTime = nextVsyncTime - mScheduleTiming.readyDuration;
     const auto nextWakeupTime = nextReadyTime - mScheduleTiming.workDuration;
 
@@ -214,10 +223,10 @@
     StringAppendF(&result, "\t\t%s: %s %s\n", mName.c_str(),
                   mRunning ? "(in callback function)" : "", armedInfo.c_str());
     StringAppendF(&result,
-                  "\t\t\tworkDuration: %.2fms readyDuration: %.2fms earliestVsync: %.2fms relative "
+                  "\t\t\tworkDuration: %.2fms readyDuration: %.2fms lastVsync: %.2fms relative "
                   "to now\n",
                   mScheduleTiming.workDuration / 1e6f, mScheduleTiming.readyDuration / 1e6f,
-                  (mScheduleTiming.earliestVsync - systemTime()) / 1e6f);
+                  (mScheduleTiming.lastVsync - systemTime()) / 1e6f);
 
     if (mLastDispatchTime) {
         StringAppendF(&result, "\t\t\tmLastDispatchTime: %.2fms ago\n",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
index 0d79a39..33d3652 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
 }
 
 auto VSyncPredictor::getVsyncSequenceLocked(nsecs_t timestamp) const -> VsyncSequence {
-    const auto vsync = nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFromLocked(timestamp);
+    const auto vsync = snapToVsync(timestamp);
     if (!mLastVsyncSequence) return {vsync, 0};
 
     const auto [slope, _] = getVSyncPredictionModelLocked();
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
     return {vsync, vsyncSequence};
 }
 
-nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFromLocked(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
+nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::snapToVsync(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
     auto const [slope, intercept] = getVSyncPredictionModelLocked();
 
     if (mTimestamps.empty()) {
@@ -299,9 +299,29 @@
     return prediction;
 }
 
-nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
+nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint,
+                                                     std::optional<nsecs_t> lastVsyncOpt) const {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
     std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
+    const auto currentPeriod = mRateMap.find(idealPeriod())->second.slope;
+    const auto threshold = currentPeriod / 2;
+    const auto minFramePeriod = minFramePeriodLocked().ns();
+    const auto lastFrameMissed =
+            lastVsyncOpt && std::abs(*lastVsyncOpt - mLastMissedVsync.ns()) < threshold;
+    const nsecs_t baseTime =
+            FlagManager::getInstance().vrr_config() && !lastFrameMissed && lastVsyncOpt
+            ? std::max(timePoint, *lastVsyncOpt + minFramePeriod - threshold)
+            : timePoint;
+    const auto vsyncTime = snapToVsyncAlignedWithRenderRate(baseTime);
+    if (FlagManager::getInstance().vrr_config()) {
+        const auto vsyncTimePoint = TimePoint::fromNs(vsyncTime);
+        const Fps renderRate = mRenderRateOpt ? *mRenderRateOpt : mDisplayModePtr->getPeakFps();
+        mVsyncTrackerCallback.onVsyncGenerated(vsyncTimePoint, mDisplayModePtr, renderRate);
+    }
+    return vsyncTime;
+}
 
+nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::snapToVsyncAlignedWithRenderRate(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
     // update the mLastVsyncSequence for reference point
     mLastVsyncSequence = getVsyncSequenceLocked(timePoint);
 
@@ -325,30 +345,12 @@
     }();
 
     if (renderRatePhase == 0) {
-        const auto vsyncTime = mLastVsyncSequence->vsyncTime;
-        if (FlagManager::getInstance().vrr_config()) {
-            const auto vsyncTimePoint = TimePoint::fromNs(vsyncTime);
-            ATRACE_FORMAT("%s InPhase vsyncIn %.2fms", __func__,
-                          ticks<std::milli, float>(vsyncTimePoint - TimePoint::now()));
-            const Fps renderRate = mRenderRateOpt ? *mRenderRateOpt : mDisplayModePtr->getPeakFps();
-            mVsyncTrackerCallback.onVsyncGenerated(vsyncTimePoint, mDisplayModePtr, renderRate);
-        }
-        return vsyncTime;
+        return mLastVsyncSequence->vsyncTime;
     }
 
     auto const [slope, intercept] = getVSyncPredictionModelLocked();
     const auto approximateNextVsync = mLastVsyncSequence->vsyncTime + slope * renderRatePhase;
-    const auto nextAnticipatedVsyncTime =
-            nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFromLocked(approximateNextVsync - slope / 2);
-    if (FlagManager::getInstance().vrr_config()) {
-        const auto nextAnticipatedVsyncTimePoint = TimePoint::fromNs(nextAnticipatedVsyncTime);
-        ATRACE_FORMAT("%s outOfPhase vsyncIn %.2fms", __func__,
-                      ticks<std::milli, float>(nextAnticipatedVsyncTimePoint - TimePoint::now()));
-        const Fps renderRate = mRenderRateOpt ? *mRenderRateOpt : mDisplayModePtr->getPeakFps();
-        mVsyncTrackerCallback.onVsyncGenerated(nextAnticipatedVsyncTimePoint, mDisplayModePtr,
-                                               renderRate);
-    }
-    return nextAnticipatedVsyncTime;
+    return snapToVsync(approximateNextVsync - slope / 2);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -451,6 +453,7 @@
             if (mLastVsyncSequence) {
                 mLastVsyncSequence->vsyncTime += phase.ns();
             }
+            mPastExpectedPresentTimes.clear();
         }
     }
 }
@@ -468,23 +471,17 @@
                                                  lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns()) /
                                       1e6f);
     }
-    mPastExpectedPresentTimes.push_back(expectedPresentTime);
-
     const auto currentPeriod = mRateMap.find(idealPeriod())->second.slope;
     const auto threshold = currentPeriod / 2;
+    mPastExpectedPresentTimes.push_back(expectedPresentTime);
 
-    const auto minFramePeriod = minFramePeriodLocked().ns();
     while (!mPastExpectedPresentTimes.empty()) {
         const auto front = mPastExpectedPresentTimes.front().ns();
-        const bool frontIsLastConfirmed =
-                std::abs(front - lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns()) < threshold;
-        const bool frontIsBeforeConfirmed =
-                front < lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns() - minFramePeriod + threshold;
-        if (frontIsLastConfirmed || frontIsBeforeConfirmed) {
+        const bool frontIsBeforeConfirmed = front < lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns() + threshold;
+        if (frontIsBeforeConfirmed) {
             if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceOn)) {
                 ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("Discarding old vsync - %.2f before last signaled fence",
-                                      static_cast<float>(lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns() -
-                                                         mPastExpectedPresentTimes.front().ns()) /
+                                      static_cast<float>(lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns() - front) /
                                               1e6f);
             }
             mPastExpectedPresentTimes.pop_front();
@@ -508,6 +505,7 @@
             TimePoint::fromNs(expectedPresentTime.ns() + currentPeriod);
 
     ensureMinFrameDurationIsKept(expectedPresentTime, lastConfirmedPresentTime);
+    mLastMissedVsync = expectedPresentTime;
 }
 
 VSyncPredictor::Model VSyncPredictor::getVSyncPredictionModel() const {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
index 72a3431..9191003 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@
     ~VSyncPredictor();
 
     bool addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t timestamp) final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
-    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint,
+                                         std::optional<nsecs_t> lastVsyncOpt = {}) const final
+            EXCLUDES(mMutex);
     nsecs_t currentPeriod() const final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
     Period minFramePeriod() const final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
     void resetModel() final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
@@ -87,7 +89,8 @@
     size_t next(size_t i) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
     bool validate(nsecs_t timestamp) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
     Model getVSyncPredictionModelLocked() const REQUIRES(mMutex);
-    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFromLocked(nsecs_t timePoint) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    nsecs_t snapToVsync(nsecs_t timePoint) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    nsecs_t snapToVsyncAlignedWithRenderRate(nsecs_t timePoint) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
     bool isVSyncInPhaseLocked(nsecs_t timePoint, unsigned divisor) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
     Period minFramePeriodLocked() const REQUIRES(mMutex);
     void ensureMinFrameDurationIsKept(TimePoint, TimePoint) REQUIRES(mMutex);
@@ -120,6 +123,8 @@
     mutable std::optional<VsyncSequence> mLastVsyncSequence GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
     std::deque<TimePoint> mPastExpectedPresentTimes GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
+    TimePoint mLastMissedVsync GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 };
 
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
index 1ed863c..417163f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
@@ -57,9 +57,13 @@
      * is updated.
      *
      * \param [in] timePoint    The point in time after which to estimate a vsync event.
+     * \param [in] lastVsyncOpt The last vsync time used by the client. If provided, the tracker
+     *                          should use that as a reference point when generating the new vsync
+     *                          and avoid crossing the minimal frame period of a VRR display.
      * \return                  A prediction of the timestamp of a vsync event.
      */
-    virtual nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const = 0;
+    virtual nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(
+            nsecs_t timePoint, std::optional<nsecs_t> lastVsyncOpt = {}) const = 0;
 
     /*
      * The current period of the vsync signal.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/common/FlagManager.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/common/FlagManager.cpp
index cb1faee..a27e100 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/common/FlagManager.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/common/FlagManager.cpp
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(multithreaded_present);
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(add_sf_skipped_frames_to_trace);
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(use_known_refresh_rate_for_fps_consistency);
-    DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved);
+    DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved);
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(enable_fro_dependent_features);
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(display_protected);
     DUMP_READ_ONLY_FLAG(fp16_client_target);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
 FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(multithreaded_present, "debug.sf.multithreaded_present")
 FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(add_sf_skipped_frames_to_trace, "")
 FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(use_known_refresh_rate_for_fps_consistency, "")
-FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved,
+FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved,
                             "debug.sf.cache_source_crop_only_moved")
 FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(enable_fro_dependent_features, "")
 FLAG_MANAGER_READ_ONLY_FLAG(display_protected, "")
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/common/include/common/FlagManager.h b/services/surfaceflinger/common/include/common/FlagManager.h
index 2e1d6ae..2f2895c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/common/include/common/FlagManager.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/common/include/common/FlagManager.h
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
     bool multithreaded_present() const;
     bool add_sf_skipped_frames_to_trace() const;
     bool use_known_refresh_rate_for_fps_consistency() const;
-    bool cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved() const;
+    bool cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved() const;
     bool enable_fro_dependent_features() const;
     bool display_protected() const;
     bool fp16_client_target() const;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
index b690d8d..649ad25 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@
                 dispatch->schedule(tmp,
                                    {.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                                     .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
-                                    .earliestVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
+                                    .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
             },
             "o.o");
     dispatch->schedule(tmp,
                        {.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                         .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
-                        .earliestVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
+                        .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
     dispatch->unregisterCallback(tmp);
     dispatch->cancel(tmp);
 }
@@ -162,20 +162,20 @@
     entry.update(*stubTracker, 0);
     entry.schedule({.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                     .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
-                    .earliestVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()},
+                    .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()},
                    *stubTracker, 0);
     entry.disarm();
     entry.ensureNotRunning();
     entry.schedule({.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                     .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
-                    .earliestVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()},
+                    .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()},
                    *stubTracker, 0);
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
     auto const ready = entry.readyTime();
     entry.callback(entry.executing(), *wakeup, *ready);
     entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate({.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                                     .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
-                                    .earliestVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
+                                    .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
     dump<scheduler::VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry>(&entry, &mFdp);
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.h
index fa307e9..114f3b0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.h
@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@
 
     bool addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t /* timestamp */) override { return true; }
 
-    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t /* timePoint */) const override { return 1; }
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t /* timePoint */,
+                                         std::optional<nsecs_t>) const override {
+        return 1;
+    }
 
     nsecs_t currentPeriod() const override { return 1; }
     Period minFramePeriod() const override { return Period::fromNs(currentPeriod()); }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/surfaceflinger_flags.aconfig b/services/surfaceflinger/surfaceflinger_flags.aconfig
index 1a28b81..b65a2b3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/surfaceflinger_flags.aconfig
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/surfaceflinger_flags.aconfig
@@ -100,8 +100,18 @@
   bug: "299201319"
 }
 
+# This flag is broken.
+# See alternative one: cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved
+# flag {
+#   name: "cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved"
+#   namespace: "core_graphics"
+#   description: "do not flatten layers if source crop is only moved"
+#   bug: "305718400"
+#   is_fixed_read_only: true
+# }
+
 flag {
-  name: "cache_if_source_crop_layer_only_moved"
+  name: "cache_when_source_crop_layer_only_moved"
   namespace: "core_graphics"
   description: "do not flatten layers if source crop is only moved"
   bug: "305718400"
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/EventThreadTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/EventThreadTest.cpp
index 8891c06..4e8a609 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/EventThreadTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/EventThreadTest.cpp
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@
 
     mock::VSyncTracker& mockTracker =
             *static_cast<mock::VSyncTracker*>(&mVsyncSchedule->getTracker());
-    EXPECT_CALL(mockTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+    EXPECT_CALL(mockTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .WillOnce(Return(preferredExpectedPresentationTime));
 
     VsyncEventData vsyncEventData = mThread->getLatestVsyncEventData(mConnection);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MessageQueueTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MessageQueueTest.cpp
index 9aa089f..e9c4d80 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MessageQueueTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MessageQueueTest.cpp
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 TEST_F(MessageQueueTest, commit) {
     const auto timing = scheduler::VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming{.workDuration = kDuration.ns(),
                                                                  .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                                 .earliestVsync = 0};
+                                                                 .lastVsync = 0};
     EXPECT_FALSE(mEventQueue.getScheduledFrameTime());
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mVSyncDispatch, schedule(mCallbackToken, timing)).WillOnce(Return(1234));
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
     InSequence s;
     const auto timing = scheduler::VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming{.workDuration = kDuration.ns(),
                                                                  .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                                 .earliestVsync = 0};
+                                                                 .lastVsync = 0};
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mVSyncDispatch, schedule(mCallbackToken, timing)).WillOnce(Return(1234));
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mEventQueue.scheduleFrame());
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
     InSequence s;
     const auto timing = scheduler::VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming{.workDuration = kDuration.ns(),
                                                                  .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                                 .earliestVsync = 0};
+                                                                 .lastVsync = 0};
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mVSyncDispatch, schedule(mCallbackToken, timing)).WillOnce(Return(1234));
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mEventQueue.scheduleFrame());
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
     const auto timingAfterCallback =
             scheduler::VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming{.workDuration = kDuration.ns(),
                                                      .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                     .earliestVsync = kPresentTime.ns()};
+                                                     .lastVsync = kPresentTime.ns()};
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mVSyncDispatch, schedule(mCallbackToken, timingAfterCallback)).WillOnce(Return(0));
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mEventQueue.scheduleFrame());
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
     const auto timing =
             scheduler::VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming{.workDuration = kDifferentDuration.ns(),
                                                      .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                     .earliestVsync = 0};
+                                                     .lastVsync = 0};
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mVSyncDispatch, schedule(mCallbackToken, timing)).WillOnce(Return(0));
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mEventQueue.scheduleFrame());
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
index 2007d2a1..7fdca71 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
@@ -584,17 +584,17 @@
     scheduler.setRenderRate(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(), frameRate);
     vrrTracker->addVsyncTimestamp(0);
 
-    // Next frame at refresh rate as no previous frame
-    EXPECT_EQ(refreshRate,
-              scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(), TimePoint::fromNs(0)));
-
     EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(1000),
               scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
-                                             TimePoint::fromNs(500)));
+                                             TimePoint::fromNs(1000)));
     EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(1000),
               scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
-                                             TimePoint::fromNs(1500)));
+                                             TimePoint::fromNs(2000)));
 
+    // Not crossing the min frame period
+    EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(1500),
+              scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
+                                             TimePoint::fromNs(2500)));
     // Change render rate
     frameRate = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(2000);
     vrrSelectorPtr->setActiveMode(kMode->getId(), frameRate);
@@ -602,10 +602,10 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(2000),
               scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
-                                             TimePoint::fromNs(2500)));
+                                             TimePoint::fromNs(2000)));
     EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(2000),
               scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
-                                             TimePoint::fromNs(4500)));
+                                             TimePoint::fromNs(4000)));
 }
 
 TEST_F(SchedulerTest, resyncAllToHardwareVsync) FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_DisplayModeSwitching.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_DisplayModeSwitching.cpp
index 1af4a7a..3291dc3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_DisplayModeSwitching.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_DisplayModeSwitching.cpp
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
         auto vsyncController = std::make_unique<mock::VsyncController>();
         auto vsyncTracker = std::make_shared<mock::VSyncTracker>();
 
-        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
         EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, currentPeriod())
                 .WillRepeatedly(Return(
                         TestableSurfaceFlinger::FakeHwcDisplayInjector::DEFAULT_VSYNC_PERIOD));
@@ -138,14 +138,14 @@
     auto vsyncController = std::make_unique<mock::VsyncController>();
     auto vsyncTracker = std::make_shared<mock::VSyncTracker>();
 
-    EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
     EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, currentPeriod())
             .WillRepeatedly(
                     Return(TestableSurfaceFlinger::FakeHwcDisplayInjector::DEFAULT_VSYNC_PERIOD));
     EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, minFramePeriod())
             .WillRepeatedly(Return(Period::fromNs(
                     TestableSurfaceFlinger::FakeHwcDisplayInjector::DEFAULT_VSYNC_PERIOD)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
     mFlinger.setupScheduler(std::move(vsyncController), std::move(vsyncTracker),
                             std::move(eventThread), std::move(sfEventThread),
                             std::move(selectorPtr),
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_InitializeDisplaysTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_InitializeDisplaysTest.cpp
index fc5f2b0..1583f64 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_InitializeDisplaysTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_InitializeDisplaysTest.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 
     EXPECT_CALL(static_cast<mock::VSyncTracker&>(
                         mFlinger.scheduler()->getVsyncSchedule()->getTracker()),
-                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
 
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
index 47d64d3..16815be 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -303,13 +303,13 @@
         auto vsyncController = makeMock<mock::VsyncController>(options.useNiceMock);
         auto vsyncTracker = makeSharedMock<mock::VSyncTracker>(options.useNiceMock);
 
-        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
         EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, currentPeriod())
                 .WillRepeatedly(Return(FakeHwcDisplayInjector::DEFAULT_VSYNC_PERIOD));
         EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, minFramePeriod())
                 .WillRepeatedly(
                         Return(Period::fromNs(FakeHwcDisplayInjector::DEFAULT_VSYNC_PERIOD)));
-        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*vsyncTracker, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _)).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
         setupScheduler(std::move(vsyncController), std::move(vsyncTracker), std::move(eventThread),
                        std::move(sfEventThread), DefaultDisplayMode{options.displayId},
                        SchedulerCallbackImpl::kNoOp, VsyncTrackerCallbackImpl::kNoOp,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
index 6a56353..d891008 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 public:
     FixedRateIdealStubTracker() : StubTracker{toNs(3ms)} {}
 
-    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const final {
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint, std::optional<nsecs_t>) const final {
         auto const floor = timePoint % mPeriod;
         if (floor == 0) {
             return timePoint;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 public:
     VRRStubTracker(nsecs_t period) : StubTracker(period) {}
 
-    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t time_point) const final {
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t time_point, std::optional<nsecs_t>) const final {
         std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
         auto const normalized_to_base = time_point - mBase;
         auto const floor = (normalized_to_base) % mPeriod;
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
         mCallback.schedule(
                 {.workDuration = mWorkload,
                  .readyDuration = mReadyDuration,
-                 .earliestVsync = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC) + mWorkload + mReadyDuration});
+                 .lastVsync = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC) + mWorkload + mReadyDuration});
 
         for (auto i = 0u; i < iterations - 1; i++) {
             std::unique_lock lock(mMutex);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
 
             mCallback.schedule({.workDuration = mWorkload,
                                 .readyDuration = mReadyDuration,
-                                .earliestVsync = last + mWorkload + mReadyDuration});
+                                .lastVsync = last + mWorkload + mReadyDuration});
         }
 
         // wait for the last callback.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
index 2047018..4bf58de 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@
 class MockVSyncTracker : public mock::VSyncTracker {
 public:
     MockVSyncTracker(nsecs_t period) : mPeriod{period} {
-        ON_CALL(*this, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+        ON_CALL(*this, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
                 .WillByDefault(Invoke(this, &MockVSyncTracker::nextVSyncTime));
         ON_CALL(*this, addVsyncTimestamp(_)).WillByDefault(Return(true));
         ON_CALL(*this, currentPeriod())
                 .WillByDefault(Invoke(this, &MockVSyncTracker::getCurrentPeriod));
     }
 
-    nsecs_t nextVSyncTime(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
+    nsecs_t nextVSyncTime(nsecs_t timePoint, std::optional<nsecs_t>) const {
         if (timePoint % mPeriod == 0) {
             return timePoint;
         }
@@ -243,10 +243,9 @@
                                                           mDispatchGroupThreshold,
                                                           mVsyncMoveThreshold);
         CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-        const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                                {.workDuration = 100,
-                                                 .readyDuration = 0,
-                                                 .earliestVsync = 1000});
+        const auto result =
+                mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                    {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
         EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
         EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
     }
@@ -257,10 +256,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 900));
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 100,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = intended});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = intended});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
 
@@ -277,16 +275,14 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 700)).InSequence(seq);
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                      {.workDuration = 100,
-                                       .readyDuration = 0,
-                                       .earliestVsync = intended});
+    auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = intended});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
 
     result =
-            mDispatch->update(cb,
-                              {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = intended});
+            mDispatch->update(cb, {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = intended});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(700, *result);
 
@@ -303,17 +299,18 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     const auto result =
-            mDispatch->update(cb,
-                              {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = intended});
+            mDispatch->update(cb, {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = intended});
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.has_value());
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, basicAlarmSettingFutureWithAdjustmentToTrueVsync) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000)).WillOnce(Return(1150));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000, std::optional<nsecs_t>(mPeriod)))
+            .WillOnce(Return(1150));
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 1050));
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
     ASSERT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
@@ -324,7 +321,8 @@
     auto const now = 234;
     mMockClock.advanceBy(234);
     auto const workDuration = 10 * mPeriod;
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(now + workDuration))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(now + workDuration, std::optional<nsecs_t>(mPeriod)))
             .WillOnce(Return(mPeriod * 11));
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, mPeriod));
 
@@ -332,7 +330,7 @@
     const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
                                             {.workDuration = workDuration,
                                              .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+                                             .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod, *result);
 }
@@ -342,10 +340,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmCancel());
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 100,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod - 100, *result);
     EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch->cancel(cb), CancelResult::Cancelled);
@@ -356,10 +353,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmCancel());
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 100,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod - 100, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(950);
@@ -371,10 +367,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmCancel());
 
     PausingCallback cb(mDispatch, std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(1s));
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 100,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod - 100, *result);
 
@@ -393,10 +388,9 @@
 
     PausingCallback cb(mDispatch, 50ms);
     cb.stashResource(resource);
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 100,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod - 100, *result);
 
@@ -413,7 +407,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, basicTwoAlarmSetting) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000, std::optional<nsecs_t>(1000)))
             .Times(4)
             .WillOnce(Return(1055))
             .WillOnce(Return(1063))
@@ -428,8 +423,8 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 250, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 250, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
     advanceToNextCallback();
@@ -441,7 +436,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, noCloseCallbacksAfterPeriodChange) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .Times(4)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000))
             .WillOnce(Return(2000))
@@ -455,21 +450,21 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 0});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 0});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
     ASSERT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls[0], Eq(1000));
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
     ASSERT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(2));
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls[1], Eq(2000));
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
@@ -478,7 +473,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, rearmsFaroutTimeoutWhenCancellingCloseOne) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .Times(4)
             .WillOnce(Return(10000))
             .WillOnce(Return(1000))
@@ -493,9 +488,8 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                        {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = mPeriod * 10});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 250, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = mPeriod});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod * 10});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 250, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = mPeriod});
     mDispatch->cancel(cb1);
 }
 
@@ -507,9 +501,9 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 300, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
 }
 
@@ -522,9 +516,9 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
 }
 
@@ -542,10 +536,9 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                        {.workDuration = closeOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = closeOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
     ASSERT_THAT(cb0.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
@@ -553,11 +546,9 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(cb1.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
     EXPECT_THAT(cb1.mCalls[0], Eq(mPeriod));
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                        {.workDuration = notCloseOffset,
-                         .readyDuration = 0,
-                         .earliestVsync = 2000});
+                        {.workDuration = notCloseOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
     ASSERT_THAT(cb1.mCalls.size(), Eq(2));
     EXPECT_THAT(cb1.mCalls[1], Eq(2000));
@@ -577,32 +568,32 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
     EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch->cancel(cb0), CancelResult::Cancelled);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, setAlarmCallsAtCorrectTimeWithChangingVsync) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .Times(3)
             .WillOnce(Return(950))
             .WillOnce(Return(1975))
             .WillOnce(Return(2950));
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 920});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 920});
 
     mMockClock.advanceBy(850);
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1900});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1900});
     mMockClock.advanceBy(900);
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
     mMockClock.advanceBy(125);
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(2));
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2900});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2900});
     mMockClock.advanceBy(975);
     EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(3));
 }
@@ -616,13 +607,11 @@
     tmp = mDispatch->registerCallback(
             [&](auto, auto, auto) {
                 mDispatch->schedule(tmp,
-                                    {.workDuration = 100,
-                                     .readyDuration = 0,
-                                     .earliestVsync = 2000});
+                                    {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
             },
             "o.o");
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(tmp, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(tmp, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
 }
 
@@ -631,30 +620,29 @@
     std::optional<nsecs_t> lastTarget;
     tmp = mDispatch->registerCallback(
             [&](auto timestamp, auto, auto) {
-                auto result =
-                        mDispatch->schedule(tmp,
-                                            {.workDuration = 400,
-                                             .readyDuration = 0,
-                                             .earliestVsync = timestamp - mVsyncMoveThreshold});
+                auto result = mDispatch->schedule(tmp,
+                                                  {.workDuration = 400,
+                                                   .readyDuration = 0,
+                                                   .lastVsync = timestamp - mVsyncMoveThreshold});
                 EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
                 EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod + timestamp - 400, *result);
                 result = mDispatch->schedule(tmp,
                                              {.workDuration = 400,
                                               .readyDuration = 0,
-                                              .earliestVsync = timestamp});
+                                              .lastVsync = timestamp});
                 EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
                 EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod + timestamp - 400, *result);
                 result = mDispatch->schedule(tmp,
                                              {.workDuration = 400,
                                               .readyDuration = 0,
-                                              .earliestVsync = timestamp + mVsyncMoveThreshold});
+                                              .lastVsync = timestamp + mVsyncMoveThreshold});
                 EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
                 EXPECT_EQ(mPeriod + timestamp - 400, *result);
                 lastTarget = timestamp;
             },
             "oo");
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(tmp, {.workDuration = 999, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(tmp, {.workDuration = 999, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     advanceToNextCallback();
     EXPECT_THAT(lastTarget, Eq(1000));
 
@@ -670,16 +658,16 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 1900)).InSequence(seq);
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 0, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 0, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     mMockClock.advanceBy(750);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
 
     mMockClock.advanceBy(800);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, lateModifications) {
@@ -692,12 +680,12 @@
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 150, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 150, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
     advanceToNextCallback();
@@ -709,8 +697,8 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 20000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 20000});
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, setsTimerAfterCancellation) {
@@ -720,17 +708,15 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 900)).InSequence(seq);
 
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     mDispatch->cancel(cb0);
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, makingUpIdsError) {
     VSyncDispatch::CallbackToken token(100);
     EXPECT_FALSE(
-            mDispatch
-                    ->schedule(token,
-                               {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000})
+            mDispatch->schedule(token, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000})
                     .has_value());
     EXPECT_THAT(mDispatch->cancel(token), Eq(CancelResult::Error));
 }
@@ -738,12 +724,10 @@
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, canMoveCallbackBackwardsInTime) {
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                 {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
 }
@@ -755,14 +739,12 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 500));
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(400);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1200, *result);
 
@@ -779,14 +761,12 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 400)).InSequence(seq);
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(400);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(400, *result);
 
@@ -795,19 +775,18 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, targetOffsetMovingBackALittleCanStillSchedule) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000, std::optional<nsecs_t>(1000)))
             .Times(2)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000))
             .WillOnce(Return(1002));
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(400);
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(602, *result);
 }
@@ -815,13 +794,12 @@
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, canScheduleNegativeOffsetAgainstDifferentPeriods) {
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     advanceToNextCallback();
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                 {.workDuration = 1100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 1100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
 }
@@ -832,13 +810,12 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 1100)).InSequence(seq);
     CountingCallback cb0(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     advanceToNextCallback();
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb0,
-                                 {.workDuration = 1900, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb0, {.workDuration = 1900, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1100, *result);
 }
@@ -850,13 +827,11 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
 
@@ -872,13 +847,11 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, *result);
 
@@ -892,10 +865,10 @@
     VSyncCallbackRegistration cb(
             mDispatch, [](auto, auto, auto) {}, "");
     VSyncCallbackRegistration cb1(std::move(cb));
-    cb.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    cb.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     cb.cancel();
 
-    cb1.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    cb1.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     cb1.cancel();
 }
 
@@ -908,10 +881,10 @@
     VSyncCallbackRegistration cb1(
             mDispatch, [](auto, auto, auto) {}, "");
     cb1 = std::move(cb);
-    cb.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    cb.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     cb.cancel();
 
-    cb1.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    cb1.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     cb1.cancel();
 }
 
@@ -924,16 +897,14 @@
     CountingCallback cb2(mDispatch);
 
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
 
     mMockClock.setLag(100);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(620);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2,
-                                 {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1900, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(80);
@@ -952,16 +923,14 @@
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
 
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
 
     mMockClock.setLag(100);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(620);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 370, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 370, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1630, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(80);
@@ -978,12 +947,10 @@
     CountingCallback cb2(mDispatch);
 
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2,
-                                 {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1900, *result);
 
@@ -1007,12 +974,10 @@
     CountingCallback cb2(mDispatch);
 
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2,
-                                 {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 2000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2, {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1900, *result);
 
@@ -1034,21 +999,21 @@
     CountingCallback cb2(mDispatch);
 
     Sequence seq;
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000, std::optional<nsecs_t>(1000)))
             .InSequence(seq)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000));
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000, std::optional<nsecs_t>(1000)))
             .InSequence(seq)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000));
 
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb1,
-                                {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb1, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2,
-                                 {.workDuration = 390, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb2, {.workDuration = 390, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(610, *result);
 
@@ -1070,10 +1035,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 900));
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
-    const auto result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                            {.workDuration = 70,
-                                             .readyDuration = 30,
-                                             .earliestVsync = intended});
+    const auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
+                                {.workDuration = 70, .readyDuration = 30, .lastVsync = intended});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(900, *result);
     advanceToNextCallback();
@@ -1094,8 +1058,8 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
@@ -1118,8 +1082,8 @@
 
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
 
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
-    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 1400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
 
     advanceToNextCallback();
 
@@ -1139,14 +1103,12 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 500));
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(300);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(1200, *result);
 
@@ -1162,14 +1124,12 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 300)).InSequence(seq);
     CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
     auto result =
-            mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(500, *result);
     mMockClock.advanceBy(300);
 
-    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb,
-                                 {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1000});
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 800, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
     EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
     EXPECT_EQ(300, *result);
 
@@ -1204,7 +1164,7 @@
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.wakeupTime());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
@@ -1219,14 +1179,15 @@
     auto const duration = 500;
     auto const now = 8750;
 
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(now + duration))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(now + duration, std::optional<nsecs_t>(994)))
             .Times(1)
             .WillOnce(Return(10000));
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.wakeupTime());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 994},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 500, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 994},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), now)
                         .has_value());
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
@@ -1249,7 +1210,7 @@
             },
             mVsyncMoveThreshold);
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
@@ -1272,7 +1233,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, updateCallback) {
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(_, _))
             .Times(2)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000))
             .WillOnce(Return(1020));
@@ -1284,7 +1245,7 @@
     entry.update(*mStubTracker.get(), 0);
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.wakeupTime());
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     auto wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
@@ -1300,7 +1261,7 @@
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, skipsUpdateIfJustScheduled) {
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     entry.update(*mStubTracker.get(), 0);
@@ -1313,24 +1274,24 @@
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, willSnapToNextTargettableVSync) {
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     entry.executing(); // 1000 is executing
     // had 1000 not been executing, this could have been scheduled for time 800.
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     EXPECT_THAT(*entry.wakeupTime(), Eq(1800));
     EXPECT_THAT(*entry.readyTime(), Eq(2000));
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     EXPECT_THAT(*entry.wakeupTime(), Eq(1950));
     EXPECT_THAT(*entry.readyTime(), Eq(2000));
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 1001},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1001},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     EXPECT_THAT(*entry.wakeupTime(), Eq(1800));
@@ -1343,23 +1304,25 @@
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
 
     Sequence seq;
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(500))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(500, std::optional<nsecs_t>(500)))
             .InSequence(seq)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(500))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(500, std::optional<nsecs_t>(500)))
             .InSequence(seq)
             .WillOnce(Return(1000));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(), nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000 + mVsyncMoveThreshold))
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mStubTracker.get(),
+                nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000 + mVsyncMoveThreshold,
+                                             std::optional<nsecs_t>(1000)))
             .InSequence(seq)
             .WillOnce(Return(2000));
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
 
     entry.executing(); // 1000 is executing
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
 }
@@ -1367,16 +1330,16 @@
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, reportsScheduledIfStillTime) {
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 50, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 1200, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 1200, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
 }
@@ -1386,9 +1349,9 @@
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
-    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 400});
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 400});
     entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(
-            {.workDuration = effectualOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .earliestVsync = 400});
+            {.workDuration = effectualOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 400});
     EXPECT_TRUE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
     entry.update(*mStubTracker.get(), 0);
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
@@ -1410,7 +1373,7 @@
             },
             mVsyncMoveThreshold);
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 70, .readyDuration = 30, .earliestVsync = 500},
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.schedule({.workDuration = 70, .readyDuration = 30, .lastVsync = 500},
                                *mStubTracker.get(), 0)
                         .has_value());
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
index 7a498c9..9afaabe 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
@@ -720,15 +720,17 @@
     vrrTracker.setRenderRate(minFrameRate);
     vrrTracker.addVsyncTimestamp(0);
     EXPECT_EQ(1000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(700));
-    EXPECT_EQ(2000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1300));
+    EXPECT_EQ(2000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000));
 
     vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(2000), TimePoint::fromNs(1500));
-    EXPECT_EQ(1500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1300));
-    EXPECT_EQ(2500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2300));
+    EXPECT_EQ(3500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2000, 2000));
+    EXPECT_EQ(4500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(3500, 3500));
 
-    vrrTracker.onFrameMissed(TimePoint::fromNs(2500));
-    EXPECT_EQ(3000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2300));
-    EXPECT_EQ(4000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(3300));
+    // Miss when starting 4500 and expect the next vsync will be at 5000 (next one)
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(3500), TimePoint::fromNs(2500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameMissed(TimePoint::fromNs(4500));
+    EXPECT_EQ(5000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(4500, 4500));
+    EXPECT_EQ(6000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(5000, 5000));
 }
 
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
index e588bb9..3870983 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
     ~VSyncTracker() override;
 
     MOCK_METHOD(bool, addVsyncTimestamp, (nsecs_t), (override));
-    MOCK_METHOD(nsecs_t, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom, (nsecs_t), (const, override));
+    MOCK_METHOD(nsecs_t, nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom, (nsecs_t, std::optional<nsecs_t>),
+                (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(nsecs_t, currentPeriod, (), (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(Period, minFramePeriod, (), (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(void, resetModel, (), (override));