diff --git a/Android.bp b/Android.bp
index 2520a71..4befb1b 100644
--- a/Android.bp
+++ b/Android.bp
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "native_headers",
     host_supported: true,
+    target: {
+        windows: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+    },
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include/",
     ],
diff --git a/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp b/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
index c18d3f5..50c2cd8 100644
--- a/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "idlcli-defaults",
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
diff --git a/cmds/idlcli/vibrator.h b/cmds/idlcli/vibrator.h
index e100eac..b943495 100644
--- a/cmds/idlcli/vibrator.h
+++ b/cmds/idlcli/vibrator.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 template <typename I>
 inline auto getService(std::string name) {
     const auto instance = std::string() + I::descriptor + "/" + name;
-    auto vibBinder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_getService(instance.c_str()));
+    auto vibBinder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_checkService(instance.c_str()));
     return I::fromBinder(vibBinder);
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp b/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
index 0f251d2..d85182d 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
@@ -112,13 +112,15 @@
     std::string iface;
     std::string instance;
 
-    static bool fill(const std::string& name, AidlName* aname) {
+    static bool fill(const std::string& name, AidlName* aname, bool logError) {
         size_t firstSlash = name.find('/');
         size_t lastDot = name.rfind('.', firstSlash);
         if (firstSlash == std::string::npos || lastDot == std::string::npos) {
-            ALOGE("VINTF HALs require names in the format type/instance (e.g. "
-                  "some.package.foo.IFoo/default) but got: %s",
-                  name.c_str());
+            if (logError) {
+                ALOGE("VINTF HALs require names in the format type/instance (e.g. "
+                      "some.package.foo.IFoo/default) but got: %s",
+                      name.c_str());
+            }
             return false;
         }
         aname->package = name.substr(0, lastDot);
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@
     }
 
     AidlName aname;
-    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname)) return false;
+    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname, true)) return false;
 
     bool found = forEachManifest([&](const ManifestWithDescription& mwd) {
         if (mwd.manifest->hasAidlInstance(aname.package, aname.iface, aname.instance)) {
@@ -209,7 +211,7 @@
     }
 
     AidlName aname;
-    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname)) return std::nullopt;
+    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname, true)) return std::nullopt;
 
     std::optional<std::string> updatableViaApex;
 
@@ -251,7 +253,7 @@
 
 static std::optional<std::string> getVintfAccessorName(const std::string& name) {
     AidlName aname;
-    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname)) return std::nullopt;
+    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname, false)) return std::nullopt;
 
     std::optional<std::string> accessor;
     forEachManifest([&](const ManifestWithDescription& mwd) {
@@ -270,7 +272,7 @@
 
 static std::optional<ConnectionInfo> getVintfConnectionInfo(const std::string& name) {
     AidlName aname;
-    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname)) return std::nullopt;
+    if (!AidlName::fill(name, &aname, true)) return std::nullopt;
 
     std::optional<std::string> ip;
     std::optional<uint64_t> port;
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
index 21dc5c1..49def82 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
@@ -802,6 +802,10 @@
 }
 
 void RpcSession::setSessionSpecificRoot(const sp<IBinder>& sessionSpecificRoot) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mSessionSpecificRootObject != nullptr,
+                        "Session specific root object already set");
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mForServer != nullptr,
+                        "Session specific root object cannot be set for a server");
     mSessionSpecificRootObject = sessionSpecificRoot;
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
index 87fd448..685391e 100644
--- a/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
@@ -44,8 +44,6 @@
 #include <gui/AidlStatusUtil.h>
 #include <gui/BufferItem.h>
 
-#include <gui/IProducerListener.h>
-
 #include <gui/ISurfaceComposer.h>
 #include <gui/LayerState.h>
 #include <private/gui/ComposerService.h>
@@ -1860,30 +1858,31 @@
 }
 
 int Surface::connect(int api) {
-    static sp<IProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
+    static sp<SurfaceListener> listener = new StubSurfaceListener();
     return connect(api, listener);
 }
 
-int Surface::connect(int api, const sp<IProducerListener>& listener) {
+int Surface::connect(int api, const sp<SurfaceListener>& listener) {
     return connect(api, listener, false);
 }
 
 int Surface::connect(
         int api, bool reportBufferRemoval, const sp<SurfaceListener>& sListener) {
-    if (sListener != nullptr) {
-        mListenerProxy = new ProducerListenerProxy(this, sListener);
-    }
-    return connect(api, mListenerProxy, reportBufferRemoval);
+    return connect(api, sListener, reportBufferRemoval);
 }
 
-int Surface::connect(
-        int api, const sp<IProducerListener>& listener, bool reportBufferRemoval) {
+int Surface::connect(int api, const sp<SurfaceListener>& listener, bool reportBufferRemoval) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     ALOGV("Surface::connect");
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mMutex);
     IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput output;
     mReportRemovedBuffers = reportBufferRemoval;
-    int err = mGraphicBufferProducer->connect(listener, api, mProducerControlledByApp, &output);
+    if (listener != nullptr) {
+        mListenerProxy = new ProducerListenerProxy(this, listener);
+    }
+
+    int err =
+            mGraphicBufferProducer->connect(mListenerProxy, api, mProducerControlledByApp, &output);
     if (err == NO_ERROR) {
         mDefaultWidth = output.width;
         mDefaultHeight = output.height;
@@ -1911,7 +1910,6 @@
     return err;
 }
 
-
 int Surface::disconnect(int api, IGraphicBufferProducer::DisconnectMode mode) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     ALOGV("Surface::disconnect");
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/Surface.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/Surface.h
index bdcaaf2..1245501 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/Surface.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/Surface.h
@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@
     virtual bool needsReleaseNotify() = 0;
 
     virtual void onBuffersDiscarded(const std::vector<sp<GraphicBuffer>>& buffers) = 0;
+    virtual void onBufferDetached(int slot) = 0;
+};
+
+class StubSurfaceListener : public SurfaceListener {
+public:
+    virtual ~StubSurfaceListener() {}
+    virtual void onBufferReleased() override {}
+    virtual bool needsReleaseNotify() { return false; }
+    virtual void onBuffersDiscarded(const std::vector<sp<GraphicBuffer>>& /*buffers*/) override {}
+    virtual void onBufferDetached(int /*slot*/) override {}
 };
 
 /*
@@ -357,15 +367,13 @@
     virtual int unlockAndPost();
     virtual int query(int what, int* value) const;
 
-    virtual int connect(int api, const sp<IProducerListener>& listener);
+    virtual int connect(int api, const sp<SurfaceListener>& listener);
 
     // When reportBufferRemoval is true, clients must call getAndFlushRemovedBuffers to fetch
     // GraphicBuffers removed from this surface after a dequeueBuffer, detachNextBuffer or
     // attachBuffer call. This allows clients with their own buffer caches to free up buffers no
     // longer in use by this surface.
-    virtual int connect(
-            int api, const sp<IProducerListener>& listener,
-            bool reportBufferRemoval);
+    virtual int connect(int api, const sp<SurfaceListener>& listener, bool reportBufferRemoval);
     virtual int detachNextBuffer(sp<GraphicBuffer>* outBuffer,
             sp<Fence>* outFence);
     virtual int attachBuffer(ANativeWindowBuffer*);
@@ -422,6 +430,8 @@
             return mSurfaceListener->needsReleaseNotify();
         }
 
+        virtual void onBufferDetached(int slot) { mSurfaceListener->onBufferDetached(slot); }
+
         virtual void onBuffersDiscarded(const std::vector<int32_t>& slots);
     private:
         wp<Surface> mParent;
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
index 946ff05..6852589 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/BLASTBufferQueue_test.cpp
@@ -1269,6 +1269,20 @@
     }
 };
 
+class TestSurfaceListener : public SurfaceListener {
+public:
+    sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> mIgbp;
+    TestSurfaceListener(const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& igbp) : mIgbp(igbp) {}
+    void onBufferReleased() override {
+        sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer;
+        sp<Fence> fence;
+        mIgbp->detachNextBuffer(&buffer, &fence);
+    }
+    bool needsReleaseNotify() override { return true; }
+    void onBuffersDiscarded(const std::vector<sp<GraphicBuffer>>& /*buffers*/) override {}
+    void onBufferDetached(int /*slot*/) {}
+};
+
 TEST_F(BLASTBufferQueueTest, CustomProducerListener) {
     BLASTBufferQueueHelper adapter(mSurfaceControl, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> igbProducer = adapter.getIGraphicBufferProducer();
@@ -1327,7 +1341,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(ui::Transform::ROT_0, static_cast<ui::Transform::RotationFlags>(transformHint));
 
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR,
-              surface->connect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, new TestProducerListener(igbProducer)));
+              surface->connect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, new TestSurfaceListener(igbProducer)));
 
     // After connecting to the surface, we should get the correct hint.
     surface->query(NATIVE_WINDOW_TRANSFORM_HINT, &transformHint);
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
index ace4423..f7a8212 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include <configstore/Utils.h>
 #include <gui/AidlStatusUtil.h>
 #include <gui/BufferItemConsumer.h>
-#include <gui/IProducerListener.h>
 #include <gui/ISurfaceComposer.h>
 #include <gui/Surface.h>
 #include <gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h>
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@
     virtual void onBuffersDiscarded(const std::vector<sp<GraphicBuffer>>& buffers) {
         mDiscardedBuffers.insert(mDiscardedBuffers.end(), buffers.begin(), buffers.end());
     }
-
+    virtual void onBufferDetached(int /*slot*/) {}
     int getReleaseNotifyCount() const {
         return mBuffersReleased;
     }
@@ -491,7 +490,7 @@
 
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
-    sp<StubProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
+    sp<StubSurfaceListener> listener = new StubSurfaceListener();
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, surface->connect(
             NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU,
             /*listener*/listener,
@@ -2154,7 +2153,7 @@
     sp<CpuConsumer> cpuConsumer = new CpuConsumer(consumer, 1);
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
-    sp<StubProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
+    sp<StubSurfaceListener> listener = new StubSurfaceListener();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, surface->connect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, /*listener*/listener,
             /*reportBufferRemoval*/false));
@@ -2206,7 +2205,7 @@
     sp<CpuConsumer> cpuConsumer = new CpuConsumer(consumer, 1);
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(producer);
     sp<ANativeWindow> window(surface);
-    sp<StubProducerListener> listener = new StubProducerListener();
+    sp<StubSurfaceListener> listener = new StubSurfaceListener();
 
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, surface->connect(NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CPU, /*listener*/listener,
             /*reportBufferRemoval*/false));
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
index e11adb8..e48e94f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/EventHub.cpp
@@ -517,10 +517,10 @@
 
 // --- RawAbsoluteAxisInfo ---
 
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>& info) {
-    if (info) {
-        out << "min=" << info->minValue << ", max=" << info->maxValue << ", flat=" << info->flat
-            << ", fuzz=" << info->fuzz << ", resolution=" << info->resolution;
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const RawAbsoluteAxisInfo& info) {
+    if (info.valid) {
+        out << "min=" << info.minValue << ", max=" << info.maxValue << ", flat=" << info.flat
+            << ", fuzz=" << info.fuzz << ", resolution=" << info.resolution;
     } else {
         out << "unknown range";
     }
@@ -649,6 +649,7 @@
             continue;
         }
         auto& [axisInfo, value] = absState[axis];
+        axisInfo.valid = true;
         axisInfo.minValue = info.minimum;
         axisInfo.maxValue = info.maximum;
         axisInfo.flat = info.flat;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
index 657126a..feae6b6 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/EventHub.h
@@ -71,14 +71,18 @@
 
 /* Describes an absolute axis. */
 struct RawAbsoluteAxisInfo {
+    bool valid{false}; // true if the information is valid, false otherwise
+
     int32_t minValue{};   // minimum value
     int32_t maxValue{};   // maximum value
     int32_t flat{};       // center flat position, eg. flat == 8 means center is between -8 and 8
     int32_t fuzz{};       // error tolerance, eg. fuzz == 4 means value is +/- 4 due to noise
     int32_t resolution{}; // resolution in units per mm or radians per mm
+
+    inline void clear() { *this = RawAbsoluteAxisInfo(); }
 };
 
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>& info);
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const RawAbsoluteAxisInfo& info);
 
 /*
  * Input device classes.
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
index f2fdc37..086c26f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/include/InputDevice.h
@@ -305,17 +305,22 @@
     inline int32_t getDeviceControllerNumber() const {
         return mEventHub->getDeviceControllerNumber(mId);
     }
-    inline std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t code) const {
+    inline status_t getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t code, RawAbsoluteAxisInfo* axisInfo) const {
         std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> info = mEventHub->getAbsoluteAxisInfo(mId, code);
+        if (!info.has_value()) {
+            axisInfo->clear();
+            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+        *axisInfo = *info;
 
         // Validate axis info for InputDevice.
-        if (info && info->minValue == info->maxValue) {
+        if (axisInfo->valid && axisInfo->minValue == axisInfo->maxValue) {
             // Historically, we deem axes with the same min and max values as invalid to avoid
             // dividing by zero when scaling by max - min.
             // TODO(b/291772515): Perform axis info validation on a per-axis basis when it is used.
-            return std::nullopt;
+            axisInfo->valid = false;
         }
-        return info;
+        return OK;
     }
     inline bool hasRelativeAxis(int32_t code) const {
         return mEventHub->hasRelativeAxis(mId, code);
@@ -430,7 +435,8 @@
     }
 
     inline bool hasAbsoluteAxis(int32_t code) const {
-        return mEventHub->getAbsoluteAxisInfo(mId, code).has_value();
+        std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> info = mEventHub->getAbsoluteAxisInfo(mId, code);
+        return info.has_value() && info->valid;
     }
     inline bool isKeyPressed(int32_t scanCode) const {
         return mEventHub->getScanCodeState(mId, scanCode) == AKEY_STATE_DOWN;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CapturedTouchpadEventConverter.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CapturedTouchpadEventConverter.cpp
index c8e7790..90685de 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CapturedTouchpadEventConverter.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/CapturedTouchpadEventConverter.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #include "CapturedTouchpadEventConverter.h"
 
-#include <optional>
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
@@ -54,33 +53,32 @@
         mMotionAccumulator(motionAccumulator),
         mHasTouchMinor(deviceContext.hasAbsoluteAxis(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR)),
         mHasToolMinor(deviceContext.hasAbsoluteAxis(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MINOR)) {
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> orientation =
-                deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION);
-        orientation) {
-        if (orientation->maxValue > 0) {
-            mOrientationScale = M_PI_2 / orientation->maxValue;
-        } else if (orientation->minValue < 0) {
-            mOrientationScale = -M_PI_2 / orientation->minValue;
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo orientationInfo;
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION, &orientationInfo);
+    if (orientationInfo.valid) {
+        if (orientationInfo.maxValue > 0) {
+            mOrientationScale = M_PI_2 / orientationInfo.maxValue;
+        } else if (orientationInfo.minValue < 0) {
+            mOrientationScale = -M_PI_2 / orientationInfo.minValue;
         }
     }
 
     // TODO(b/275369880): support touch.pressure.calibration and .scale properties when captured.
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> pressure =
-                deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE);
-        pressure && pressure->maxValue > 0) {
-        mPressureScale = 1.0 / pressure->maxValue;
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo pressureInfo;
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE, &pressureInfo);
+    if (pressureInfo.valid && pressureInfo.maxValue > 0) {
+        mPressureScale = 1.0 / pressureInfo.maxValue;
     }
 
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> touchMajor =
-            deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR);
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> toolMajor =
-            deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MAJOR);
-    mHasTouchMajor = touchMajor.has_value();
-    mHasToolMajor = toolMajor.has_value();
-    if (mHasTouchMajor && touchMajor->maxValue != 0) {
-        mSizeScale = 1.0f / touchMajor->maxValue;
-    } else if (mHasToolMajor && toolMajor->maxValue != 0) {
-        mSizeScale = 1.0f / toolMajor->maxValue;
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo touchMajorInfo, toolMajorInfo;
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR, &touchMajorInfo);
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MAJOR, &toolMajorInfo);
+    mHasTouchMajor = touchMajorInfo.valid;
+    mHasToolMajor = toolMajorInfo.valid;
+    if (mHasTouchMajor && touchMajorInfo.maxValue != 0) {
+        mSizeScale = 1.0f / touchMajorInfo.maxValue;
+    } else if (mHasToolMajor && toolMajorInfo.maxValue != 0) {
+        mSizeScale = 1.0f / toolMajorInfo.maxValue;
     }
 }
 
@@ -115,13 +113,15 @@
     tryAddRawMotionRange(/*byref*/ info, AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_TOOL_MAJOR, ABS_MT_WIDTH_MAJOR);
     tryAddRawMotionRange(/*byref*/ info, AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_TOOL_MINOR, ABS_MT_WIDTH_MINOR);
 
-    if (mDeviceContext.hasAbsoluteAxis(ABS_MT_PRESSURE)) {
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo pressureInfo;
+    mDeviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE, &pressureInfo);
+    if (pressureInfo.valid) {
         info.addMotionRange(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_PRESSURE, SOURCE, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0);
     }
 
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> orientation =
-                mDeviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION);
-        orientation && (orientation->maxValue > 0 || orientation->minValue < 0)) {
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo orientationInfo;
+    mDeviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION, &orientationInfo);
+    if (orientationInfo.valid && (orientationInfo.maxValue > 0 || orientationInfo.minValue < 0)) {
         info.addMotionRange(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_ORIENTATION, SOURCE, -M_PI_2, M_PI_2, 0, 0, 0);
     }
 
@@ -133,10 +133,11 @@
 void CapturedTouchpadEventConverter::tryAddRawMotionRange(InputDeviceInfo& deviceInfo,
                                                           int32_t androidAxis,
                                                           int32_t evdevAxis) const {
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> info = mDeviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(evdevAxis);
-    if (info) {
-        deviceInfo.addMotionRange(androidAxis, SOURCE, info->minValue, info->maxValue, info->flat,
-                                  info->fuzz, info->resolution);
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo info;
+    mDeviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(evdevAxis, &info);
+    if (info.valid) {
+        deviceInfo.addMotionRange(androidAxis, SOURCE, info.minValue, info.maxValue, info.flat,
+                                  info.fuzz, info.resolution);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
index 7cc8940..3af1d04 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 void ExternalStylusInputMapper::populateDeviceInfo(InputDeviceInfo& info) {
     InputMapper::populateDeviceInfo(info);
-    if (mRawPressureAxis) {
+    if (mRawPressureAxis.valid) {
         info.addMotionRange(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_PRESSURE, AINPUT_SOURCE_STYLUS, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
                             0.0f, 0.0f);
     }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 std::list<NotifyArgs> ExternalStylusInputMapper::reconfigure(nsecs_t when,
                                                              const InputReaderConfiguration& config,
                                                              ConfigurationChanges changes) {
-    mRawPressureAxis = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_PRESSURE);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_PRESSURE, &mRawPressureAxis);
     mTouchButtonAccumulator.configure();
     return {};
 }
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@
         mStylusState.toolType = ToolType::STYLUS;
     }
 
-    if (mRawPressureAxis) {
+    if (mRawPressureAxis.valid) {
         auto rawPressure = static_cast<float>(mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.getAbsolutePressure());
-        mStylusState.pressure = (rawPressure - mRawPressureAxis->minValue) /
-                static_cast<float>(mRawPressureAxis->maxValue - mRawPressureAxis->minValue);
+        mStylusState.pressure = (rawPressure - mRawPressureAxis.minValue) /
+                static_cast<float>(mRawPressureAxis.maxValue - mRawPressureAxis.minValue);
     } else if (mTouchButtonAccumulator.hasButtonTouch()) {
         mStylusState.pressure = mTouchButtonAccumulator.isHovering() ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
     }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
index d48fd9b..c040a7b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/ExternalStylusInputMapper.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <optional>
-
 #include "InputMapper.h"
 
 #include "SingleTouchMotionAccumulator.h"
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@
 
 private:
     SingleTouchMotionAccumulator mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator;
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> mRawPressureAxis;
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo mRawPressureAxis;
     TouchButtonAccumulator mTouchButtonAccumulator;
 
     StylusState mStylusState;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.cpp
index c44c48c..b6c5c98 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 
 #include "InputMapper.h"
 
-#include <optional>
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include <ftl/enum.h>
@@ -117,16 +116,15 @@
     return {};
 }
 
-std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> InputMapper::getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t axis) {
-    return getDeviceContext().getAbsoluteAxisInfo(axis);
+status_t InputMapper::getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t axis, RawAbsoluteAxisInfo* axisInfo) {
+    return getDeviceContext().getAbsoluteAxisInfo(axis, axisInfo);
 }
 
 void InputMapper::bumpGeneration() {
     getDeviceContext().bumpGeneration();
 }
 
-void InputMapper::dumpRawAbsoluteAxisInfo(std::string& dump,
-                                          const std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>& axis,
+void InputMapper::dumpRawAbsoluteAxisInfo(std::string& dump, const RawAbsoluteAxisInfo& axis,
                                           const char* name) {
     std::stringstream out;
     out << INDENT4 << name << ": " << axis << "\n";
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
index e5afcc7..2c51448 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/InputMapper.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <optional>
-
 #include "EventHub.h"
 #include "InputDevice.h"
 #include "InputListener.h"
@@ -128,11 +126,10 @@
     explicit InputMapper(InputDeviceContext& deviceContext,
                          const InputReaderConfiguration& readerConfig);
 
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t axis);
+    status_t getAbsoluteAxisInfo(int32_t axis, RawAbsoluteAxisInfo* axisInfo);
     void bumpGeneration();
 
-    static void dumpRawAbsoluteAxisInfo(std::string& dump,
-                                        const std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>& axis,
+    static void dumpRawAbsoluteAxisInfo(std::string& dump, const RawAbsoluteAxisInfo& axis,
                                         const char* name);
     static void dumpStylusState(std::string& dump, const StylusState& state);
 };
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
index 3091714..41e018d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/JoystickInputMapper.cpp
@@ -117,8 +117,9 @@
                 continue; // axis must be claimed by a different device
             }
 
-            if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> rawAxisInfo = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(abs);
-                rawAxisInfo) {
+            RawAbsoluteAxisInfo rawAxisInfo;
+            getAbsoluteAxisInfo(abs, &rawAxisInfo);
+            if (rawAxisInfo.valid) {
                 // Map axis.
                 AxisInfo axisInfo;
                 const bool explicitlyMapped = !getDeviceContext().mapAxis(abs, &axisInfo);
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@
                     axisInfo.mode = AxisInfo::MODE_NORMAL;
                     axisInfo.axis = -1;
                 }
-                mAxes.insert({abs, createAxis(axisInfo, rawAxisInfo.value(), explicitlyMapped)});
+                mAxes.insert({abs, createAxis(axisInfo, rawAxisInfo, explicitlyMapped)});
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
index 3ea3c20..1986fe2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/MultiTouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 
         bool isHovering = mTouchButtonAccumulator.getToolType() != ToolType::MOUSE &&
                 (mTouchButtonAccumulator.isHovering() ||
-                 (mRawPointerAxes.pressure && inSlot.getPressure() <= 0));
+                 (mRawPointerAxes.pressure.valid && inSlot.getPressure() <= 0));
         outPointer.isHovering = isHovering;
 
         // Assign pointer id using tracking id if available.
@@ -189,23 +189,21 @@
 void MultiTouchInputMapper::configureRawPointerAxes() {
     TouchInputMapper::configureRawPointerAxes();
 
-    // We can safely assume that ABS_MT_POSITION_X and _Y axes will be available, as EventHub won't
-    // classify a device as multitouch if they're not present.
-    mRawPointerAxes.x = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X).value();
-    mRawPointerAxes.y = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y).value();
-    mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR);
-    mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR);
-    mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MAJOR);
-    mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MINOR);
-    mRawPointerAxes.orientation = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION);
-    mRawPointerAxes.pressure = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE);
-    mRawPointerAxes.distance = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_DISTANCE);
-    mRawPointerAxes.trackingId = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID);
-    mRawPointerAxes.slot = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X, &mRawPointerAxes.x);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y, &mRawPointerAxes.y);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR, &mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR, &mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MAJOR, &mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_WIDTH_MINOR, &mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION, &mRawPointerAxes.orientation);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE, &mRawPointerAxes.pressure);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_DISTANCE, &mRawPointerAxes.distance);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID, &mRawPointerAxes.trackingId);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT, &mRawPointerAxes.slot);
 
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.trackingId && mRawPointerAxes.slot && mRawPointerAxes.slot->minValue == 0 &&
-        mRawPointerAxes.slot->maxValue > 0) {
-        size_t slotCount = mRawPointerAxes.slot->maxValue + 1;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.trackingId.valid && mRawPointerAxes.slot.valid &&
+        mRawPointerAxes.slot.minValue == 0 && mRawPointerAxes.slot.maxValue > 0) {
+        size_t slotCount = mRawPointerAxes.slot.maxValue + 1;
         if (slotCount > MAX_SLOTS) {
             ALOGW("MultiTouch Device %s reported %zu slots but the framework "
                   "only supports a maximum of %zu slots at this time.",
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
index 4233f78..d7f2993 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SensorInputMapper.cpp
@@ -133,8 +133,9 @@
                           .test(InputDeviceClass::SENSOR))) {
                 continue;
             }
-            if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> rawAxisInfo = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(abs);
-                rawAxisInfo) {
+            RawAbsoluteAxisInfo rawAxisInfo;
+            getAbsoluteAxisInfo(abs, &rawAxisInfo);
+            if (rawAxisInfo.valid) {
                 AxisInfo axisInfo;
                 // Axis doesn't need to be mapped, as sensor mapper doesn't generate any motion
                 // input events
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@
                 if (ret.ok()) {
                     InputDeviceSensorType sensorType = (*ret).first;
                     int32_t sensorDataIndex = (*ret).second;
-                    const Axis& axis = createAxis(axisInfo, rawAxisInfo.value());
+                    const Axis& axis = createAxis(axisInfo, rawAxisInfo);
                     parseSensorConfiguration(sensorType, abs, sensorDataIndex, axis);
 
                     mAxes.insert({abs, axis});
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
index 869feb4..140bb0c 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SingleTouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
         bool isHovering = mTouchButtonAccumulator.getToolType() != ToolType::MOUSE &&
                 (mTouchButtonAccumulator.isHovering() ||
-                 (mRawPointerAxes.pressure &&
+                 (mRawPointerAxes.pressure.valid &&
                   mSingleTouchMotionAccumulator.getAbsolutePressure() <= 0));
         outState->rawPointerData.markIdBit(0, isHovering);
 
@@ -72,15 +72,13 @@
 void SingleTouchInputMapper::configureRawPointerAxes() {
     TouchInputMapper::configureRawPointerAxes();
 
-    // We can safely assume that ABS_X and _Y axes will be available, as EventHub won't classify a
-    // device as a touch device if they're not present.
-    mRawPointerAxes.x = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_X).value();
-    mRawPointerAxes.y = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_Y).value();
-    mRawPointerAxes.pressure = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_PRESSURE);
-    mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TOOL_WIDTH);
-    mRawPointerAxes.distance = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_DISTANCE);
-    mRawPointerAxes.tiltX = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TILT_X);
-    mRawPointerAxes.tiltY = getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TILT_Y);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_X, &mRawPointerAxes.x);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_Y, &mRawPointerAxes.y);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_PRESSURE, &mRawPointerAxes.pressure);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TOOL_WIDTH, &mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_DISTANCE, &mRawPointerAxes.distance);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TILT_X, &mRawPointerAxes.tiltX);
+    getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_TILT_Y, &mRawPointerAxes.tiltY);
 }
 
 bool SingleTouchInputMapper::hasStylus() const {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
index 984e217..2d89208 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -600,10 +600,10 @@
     const float diagonalSize = hypotf(mDisplayBounds.width, mDisplayBounds.height);
 
     // Size factors.
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor && mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor->maxValue != 0) {
-        mSizeScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor->maxValue;
-    } else if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor && mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor->maxValue != 0) {
-        mSizeScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor->maxValue;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.valid && mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.maxValue != 0) {
+        mSizeScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.maxValue;
+    } else if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.valid && mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.maxValue != 0) {
+        mSizeScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.maxValue;
     } else {
         mSizeScale = 0.0f;
     }
@@ -618,18 +618,18 @@
             .resolution = 0,
     };
 
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor) {
-        mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor->resolution =
-                clampResolution("touchMajor", mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor->resolution);
-        mOrientedRanges.touchMajor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor->resolution;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.valid) {
+        mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.resolution =
+                clampResolution("touchMajor", mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.resolution);
+        mOrientedRanges.touchMajor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.resolution;
     }
 
     mOrientedRanges.touchMinor = mOrientedRanges.touchMajor;
     mOrientedRanges.touchMinor->axis = AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_TOUCH_MINOR;
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor) {
-        mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor->resolution =
-                clampResolution("touchMinor", mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor->resolution);
-        mOrientedRanges.touchMinor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor->resolution;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.valid) {
+        mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.resolution =
+                clampResolution("touchMinor", mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.resolution);
+        mOrientedRanges.touchMinor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.resolution;
     }
 
     mOrientedRanges.toolMajor = InputDeviceInfo::MotionRange{
@@ -641,18 +641,18 @@
             .fuzz = 0,
             .resolution = 0,
     };
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor) {
-        mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor->resolution =
-                clampResolution("toolMajor", mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor->resolution);
-        mOrientedRanges.toolMajor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor->resolution;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.valid) {
+        mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.resolution =
+                clampResolution("toolMajor", mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.resolution);
+        mOrientedRanges.toolMajor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.resolution;
     }
 
     mOrientedRanges.toolMinor = mOrientedRanges.toolMajor;
     mOrientedRanges.toolMinor->axis = AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_TOOL_MINOR;
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor) {
-        mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor->resolution =
-                clampResolution("toolMinor", mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor->resolution);
-        mOrientedRanges.toolMinor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor->resolution;
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.valid) {
+        mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.resolution =
+                clampResolution("toolMinor", mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.resolution);
+        mOrientedRanges.toolMinor->resolution = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.resolution;
     }
 
     if (mCalibration.sizeCalibration == Calibration::SizeCalibration::GEOMETRIC) {
@@ -704,10 +704,9 @@
         mCalibration.pressureCalibration == Calibration::PressureCalibration::AMPLITUDE) {
         if (mCalibration.pressureScale) {
             mPressureScale = *mCalibration.pressureScale;
-            pressureMax = mPressureScale *
-                    (mRawPointerAxes.pressure ? mRawPointerAxes.pressure->maxValue : 0);
-        } else if (mRawPointerAxes.pressure && mRawPointerAxes.pressure->maxValue != 0) {
-            mPressureScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.pressure->maxValue;
+            pressureMax = mPressureScale * mRawPointerAxes.pressure.maxValue;
+        } else if (mRawPointerAxes.pressure.valid && mRawPointerAxes.pressure.maxValue != 0) {
+            mPressureScale = 1.0f / mRawPointerAxes.pressure.maxValue;
         }
     }
 
@@ -726,18 +725,18 @@
     mTiltXScale = 0;
     mTiltYCenter = 0;
     mTiltYScale = 0;
-    mHaveTilt = mRawPointerAxes.tiltX && mRawPointerAxes.tiltY;
+    mHaveTilt = mRawPointerAxes.tiltX.valid && mRawPointerAxes.tiltY.valid;
     if (mHaveTilt) {
-        mTiltXCenter = avg(mRawPointerAxes.tiltX->minValue, mRawPointerAxes.tiltX->maxValue);
-        mTiltYCenter = avg(mRawPointerAxes.tiltY->minValue, mRawPointerAxes.tiltY->maxValue);
+        mTiltXCenter = avg(mRawPointerAxes.tiltX.minValue, mRawPointerAxes.tiltX.maxValue);
+        mTiltYCenter = avg(mRawPointerAxes.tiltY.minValue, mRawPointerAxes.tiltY.maxValue);
         mTiltXScale = M_PI / 180;
         mTiltYScale = M_PI / 180;
 
-        if (mRawPointerAxes.tiltX->resolution) {
-            mTiltXScale = 1.0 / mRawPointerAxes.tiltX->resolution;
+        if (mRawPointerAxes.tiltX.resolution) {
+            mTiltXScale = 1.0 / mRawPointerAxes.tiltX.resolution;
         }
-        if (mRawPointerAxes.tiltY->resolution) {
-            mTiltYScale = 1.0 / mRawPointerAxes.tiltY->resolution;
+        if (mRawPointerAxes.tiltY.resolution) {
+            mTiltYScale = 1.0 / mRawPointerAxes.tiltY.resolution;
         }
 
         mOrientedRanges.tilt = InputDeviceInfo::MotionRange{
@@ -767,11 +766,11 @@
     } else if (mCalibration.orientationCalibration != Calibration::OrientationCalibration::NONE) {
         if (mCalibration.orientationCalibration ==
             Calibration::OrientationCalibration::INTERPOLATED) {
-            if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation) {
-                if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation->maxValue > 0) {
-                    mOrientationScale = M_PI_2 / mRawPointerAxes.orientation->maxValue;
-                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation->minValue < 0) {
-                    mOrientationScale = -M_PI_2 / mRawPointerAxes.orientation->minValue;
+            if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation.valid) {
+                if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation.maxValue > 0) {
+                    mOrientationScale = M_PI_2 / mRawPointerAxes.orientation.maxValue;
+                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation.minValue < 0) {
+                    mOrientationScale = -M_PI_2 / mRawPointerAxes.orientation.minValue;
                 } else {
                     mOrientationScale = 0;
                 }
@@ -796,14 +795,14 @@
             mDistanceScale = mCalibration.distanceScale.value_or(1.0f);
         }
 
-        const bool hasDistance = mRawPointerAxes.distance.has_value();
         mOrientedRanges.distance = InputDeviceInfo::MotionRange{
+
                 .axis = AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_DISTANCE,
                 .source = mSource,
-                .min = hasDistance ? mRawPointerAxes.distance->minValue * mDistanceScale : 0,
-                .max = hasDistance ? mRawPointerAxes.distance->maxValue * mDistanceScale : 0,
+                .min = mRawPointerAxes.distance.minValue * mDistanceScale,
+                .max = mRawPointerAxes.distance.maxValue * mDistanceScale,
                 .flat = 0,
-                .fuzz = hasDistance ? mRawPointerAxes.distance->fuzz * mDistanceScale : 0,
+                .fuzz = mRawPointerAxes.distance.fuzz * mDistanceScale,
                 .resolution = 0,
         };
     }
@@ -944,7 +943,12 @@
     const std::optional<DisplayViewport> newViewportOpt = findViewport();
 
     // Ensure the device is valid and can be used.
-    if (!newViewportOpt) {
+    if (!mRawPointerAxes.x.valid || !mRawPointerAxes.y.valid) {
+        ALOGW("Touch device '%s' did not report support for X or Y axis!  "
+              "The device will be inoperable.",
+              getDeviceName().c_str());
+        mDeviceMode = DeviceMode::DISABLED;
+    } else if (!newViewportOpt) {
         ALOGI("Touch device '%s' could not query the properties of its associated "
               "display.  The device will be inoperable until the display size "
               "becomes available.",
@@ -1233,7 +1237,7 @@
 
 void TouchInputMapper::resolveCalibration() {
     // Size
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor || mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor) {
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.valid || mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.valid) {
         if (mCalibration.sizeCalibration == Calibration::SizeCalibration::DEFAULT) {
             mCalibration.sizeCalibration = Calibration::SizeCalibration::GEOMETRIC;
         }
@@ -1242,7 +1246,7 @@
     }
 
     // Pressure
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.pressure) {
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.pressure.valid) {
         if (mCalibration.pressureCalibration == Calibration::PressureCalibration::DEFAULT) {
             mCalibration.pressureCalibration = Calibration::PressureCalibration::PHYSICAL;
         }
@@ -1251,7 +1255,7 @@
     }
 
     // Orientation
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation) {
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.orientation.valid) {
         if (mCalibration.orientationCalibration == Calibration::OrientationCalibration::DEFAULT) {
             mCalibration.orientationCalibration = Calibration::OrientationCalibration::INTERPOLATED;
         }
@@ -1260,7 +1264,7 @@
     }
 
     // Distance
-    if (mRawPointerAxes.distance) {
+    if (mRawPointerAxes.distance.valid) {
         if (mCalibration.distanceCalibration == Calibration::DistanceCalibration::DEFAULT) {
             mCalibration.distanceCalibration = Calibration::DistanceCalibration::SCALED;
         }
@@ -2247,25 +2251,25 @@
             case Calibration::SizeCalibration::DIAMETER:
             case Calibration::SizeCalibration::BOX:
             case Calibration::SizeCalibration::AREA:
-                if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor && mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor) {
+                if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.valid && mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.valid) {
                     touchMajor = in.touchMajor;
-                    touchMinor = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor ? in.touchMinor : in.touchMajor;
+                    touchMinor = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.valid ? in.touchMinor : in.touchMajor;
                     toolMajor = in.toolMajor;
-                    toolMinor = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor ? in.toolMinor : in.toolMajor;
-                    size = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor ? avg(in.touchMajor, in.touchMinor)
-                                                      : in.touchMajor;
-                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor) {
+                    toolMinor = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.valid ? in.toolMinor : in.toolMajor;
+                    size = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.valid ? avg(in.touchMajor, in.touchMinor)
+                                                            : in.touchMajor;
+                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.touchMajor.valid) {
                     toolMajor = touchMajor = in.touchMajor;
                     toolMinor = touchMinor =
-                            mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor ? in.touchMinor : in.touchMajor;
-                    size = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor ? avg(in.touchMajor, in.touchMinor)
-                                                      : in.touchMajor;
-                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor) {
+                            mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.valid ? in.touchMinor : in.touchMajor;
+                    size = mRawPointerAxes.touchMinor.valid ? avg(in.touchMajor, in.touchMinor)
+                                                            : in.touchMajor;
+                } else if (mRawPointerAxes.toolMajor.valid) {
                     touchMajor = toolMajor = in.toolMajor;
                     touchMinor = toolMinor =
-                            mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor ? in.toolMinor : in.toolMajor;
-                    size = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor ? avg(in.toolMajor, in.toolMinor)
-                                                     : in.toolMajor;
+                            mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.valid ? in.toolMinor : in.toolMajor;
+                    size = mRawPointerAxes.toolMinor.valid ? avg(in.toolMajor, in.toolMinor)
+                                                           : in.toolMajor;
                 } else {
                     ALOG_ASSERT(false,
                                 "No touch or tool axes.  "
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
index 87b72af..a9a0190 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.h
@@ -61,17 +61,17 @@
 struct RawPointerAxes {
     RawAbsoluteAxisInfo x{};
     RawAbsoluteAxisInfo y{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> pressure{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> touchMajor{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> touchMinor{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> toolMajor{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> toolMinor{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> orientation{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> distance{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> tiltX{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> tiltY{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> trackingId{};
-    std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> slot{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo pressure{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo touchMajor{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo touchMinor{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo toolMajor{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo toolMinor{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo orientation{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo distance{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo tiltX{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo tiltY{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo trackingId{};
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo slot{};
 
     inline int32_t getRawWidth() const { return x.maxValue - x.minValue + 1; }
     inline int32_t getRawHeight() const { return y.maxValue - y.minValue + 1; }
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
index 5c5fd3f..128f515 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchpadInputMapper.cpp
@@ -240,15 +240,14 @@
         mGestureConverter(*getContext(), deviceContext, getDeviceId()),
         mCapturedEventConverter(*getContext(), deviceContext, mMotionAccumulator, getDeviceId()),
         mMetricsId(metricsIdFromInputDeviceIdentifier(deviceContext.getDeviceIdentifier())) {
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> slotAxis =
-                deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT);
-        slotAxis && slotAxis->maxValue >= 0) {
-        mMotionAccumulator.configure(deviceContext, slotAxis->maxValue + 1, true);
-    } else {
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo slotAxisInfo;
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT, &slotAxisInfo);
+    if (!slotAxisInfo.valid || slotAxisInfo.maxValue < 0) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "Touchpad " << deviceContext.getName()
                      << " doesn't have a valid ABS_MT_SLOT axis, and probably won't work properly.";
-        mMotionAccumulator.configure(deviceContext, 1, true);
+        slotAxisInfo.maxValue = 0;
     }
+    mMotionAccumulator.configure(deviceContext, slotAxisInfo.maxValue + 1, true);
 
     mGestureInterpreter->Initialize(GESTURES_DEVCLASS_TOUCHPAD);
     mGestureInterpreter->SetHardwareProperties(createHardwareProperties(deviceContext));
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
index 9924d0d..e8e7376 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/GestureConverter.cpp
@@ -66,11 +66,10 @@
                                    const InputDeviceContext& deviceContext, int32_t deviceId)
       : mDeviceId(deviceId),
         mReaderContext(readerContext),
-        mEnableFlingStop(input_flags::enable_touchpad_fling_stop()),
-        // We can safely assume that ABS_MT_POSITION_X and _Y axes will be available, as EventHub
-        // won't classify a device as a touchpad if they're not present.
-        mXAxisInfo(deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X).value()),
-        mYAxisInfo(deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y).value()) {}
+        mEnableFlingStop(input_flags::enable_touchpad_fling_stop()) {
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X, &mXAxisInfo);
+    deviceContext.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y, &mYAxisInfo);
+}
 
 std::string GestureConverter::dump() const {
     std::stringstream out;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/HardwareProperties.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/HardwareProperties.cpp
index d8a1f50..04655dc 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/HardwareProperties.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/gestures/HardwareProperties.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include "HardwareProperties.h"
 
-#include <optional>
-
 namespace android {
 
 namespace {
@@ -35,34 +33,26 @@
 
 HardwareProperties createHardwareProperties(const InputDeviceContext& context) {
     HardwareProperties props;
-    // We can safely assume that ABS_MT_POSITION_X and _Y axes will be available, as EventHub won't
-    // classify a device as a touchpad if they're not present.
-    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtPositionX = context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X).value();
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtPositionX;
+    context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_X, &absMtPositionX);
     props.left = absMtPositionX.minValue;
     props.right = absMtPositionX.maxValue;
     props.res_x = absMtPositionX.resolution;
 
-    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtPositionY = context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y).value();
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtPositionY;
+    context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_POSITION_Y, &absMtPositionY);
     props.top = absMtPositionY.minValue;
     props.bottom = absMtPositionY.maxValue;
     props.res_y = absMtPositionY.resolution;
 
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> absMtOrientation =
-                context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION);
-        absMtOrientation) {
-        props.orientation_minimum = absMtOrientation->minValue;
-        props.orientation_maximum = absMtOrientation->maxValue;
-    } else {
-        props.orientation_minimum = 0;
-        props.orientation_maximum = 0;
-    }
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtOrientation;
+    context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_ORIENTATION, &absMtOrientation);
+    props.orientation_minimum = absMtOrientation.minValue;
+    props.orientation_maximum = absMtOrientation.maxValue;
 
-    if (std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo> absMtSlot = context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT);
-        absMtSlot) {
-        props.max_finger_cnt = absMtSlot->maxValue - absMtSlot->minValue + 1;
-    } else {
-        props.max_finger_cnt = 1;
-    }
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtSlot;
+    context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_SLOT, &absMtSlot);
+    props.max_finger_cnt = absMtSlot.maxValue - absMtSlot.minValue + 1;
     props.max_touch_cnt = getMaxTouchCount(context);
 
     // T5R2 ("Track 5, Report 2") is a feature of some old Synaptics touchpads that could track 5
@@ -81,7 +71,9 @@
     // are haptic.
     props.is_haptic_pad = false;
 
-    props.reports_pressure = context.hasAbsoluteAxis(ABS_MT_PRESSURE);
+    RawAbsoluteAxisInfo absMtPressure;
+    context.getAbsoluteAxisInfo(ABS_MT_PRESSURE, &absMtPressure);
+    props.reports_pressure = absMtPressure.valid;
     return props;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/FakeEventHub.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/FakeEventHub.cpp
index 31fbf20..99db999 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/FakeEventHub.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/FakeEventHub.cpp
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
     Device* device = getDevice(deviceId);
 
     RawAbsoluteAxisInfo info;
+    info.valid = true;
     info.minValue = minValue;
     info.maxValue = maxValue;
     info.flat = flat;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/HardwareProperties_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/HardwareProperties_test.cpp
index e87f822..643fab6 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/HardwareProperties_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/HardwareProperties_test.cpp
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
     void setupValidAxis(int axis, int32_t min, int32_t max, int32_t resolution) {
         EXPECT_CALL(mMockEventHub, getAbsoluteAxisInfo(EVENTHUB_ID, axis))
                 .WillRepeatedly(Return(std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>{{
+                        .valid = true,
                         .minValue = min,
                         .maxValue = max,
                         .flat = 0,
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputMapperTest.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputMapperTest.cpp
index e773f58..7e96d5f 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputMapperTest.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputMapperTest.cpp
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
                                     int32_t resolution) {
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockEventHub, getAbsoluteAxisInfo(EVENTHUB_ID, axis))
             .WillRepeatedly(Return(valid ? std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>{{
+                                                   .valid = true,
                                                    .minValue = min,
                                                    .maxValue = max,
                                                    .flat = 0,
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/MapperHelpers.h b/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/MapperHelpers.h
index fea0d9a..bf56d3a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/MapperHelpers.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/MapperHelpers.h
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
         }
         if (mFdp->ConsumeBool()) {
             return std::optional<RawAbsoluteAxisInfo>({
+                    .valid = mFdp->ConsumeBool(),
                     .minValue = mFdp->ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
                     .maxValue = mFdp->ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
                     .flat = mFdp->ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/TouchpadInputFuzzer.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/TouchpadInputFuzzer.cpp
index ebbb311..c620032 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/TouchpadInputFuzzer.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/fuzzers/TouchpadInputFuzzer.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     if (fdp.ConsumeBool()) {
         eventHub.setAbsoluteAxisInfo(id, axis,
                                      RawAbsoluteAxisInfo{
+                                             .valid = fdp.ConsumeBool(),
                                              .minValue = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
                                              .maxValue = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
                                              .flat = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>(),
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index 082d8aa..0682fdb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -2540,10 +2540,6 @@
 compositionengine::OutputLayer* Layer::findOutputLayerForDisplay(
         const DisplayDevice* display) const {
     if (!display) return nullptr;
-    if (!mFlinger->mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        return display->getCompositionDisplay()->getOutputLayerForLayer(
-                getCompositionEngineLayerFE());
-    }
     sp<LayerFE> layerFE;
     frontend::LayerHierarchy::TraversalPath path{.id = static_cast<uint32_t>(sequence)};
     for (auto& [p, layer] : mLayerFEs) {
@@ -2559,10 +2555,6 @@
 compositionengine::OutputLayer* Layer::findOutputLayerForDisplay(
         const DisplayDevice* display, const frontend::LayerHierarchy::TraversalPath& path) const {
     if (!display) return nullptr;
-    if (!mFlinger->mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        return display->getCompositionDisplay()->getOutputLayerForLayer(
-                getCompositionEngineLayerFE());
-    }
     sp<LayerFE> layerFE;
     for (auto& [p, layer] : mLayerFEs) {
         if (p == path) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
index 3fc3901..ee7eda1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
@@ -487,13 +487,13 @@
     return 0ns;
 }
 
-void VSyncPredictor::onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime,
-                                  TimePoint lastConfirmedPresentTime) {
+void VSyncPredictor::onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime, FrameTime lastSignaledFrameTime) {
     SFTRACE_NAME("VSyncPredictor::onFrameBegin");
     std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
 
     if (!mDisplayModePtr->getVrrConfig()) return;
 
+    const auto [lastConfirmedPresentTime, lastConfirmedExpectedPresentTime] = lastSignaledFrameTime;
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceOn)) {
         SFTRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("vsync is %.2f past last signaled fence",
                                static_cast<float>(expectedPresentTime.ns() -
@@ -519,6 +519,11 @@
         }
     }
 
+    if (lastConfirmedExpectedPresentTime.ns() - lastConfirmedPresentTime.ns() > threshold) {
+        SFTRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("lastFramePresentedEarly");
+        return;
+    }
+
     const auto phase = ensureMinFrameDurationIsKept(expectedPresentTime, lastConfirmedPresentTime);
     if (phase > 0ns) {
         mMissedVsync = {expectedPresentTime, minFramePeriodLocked()};
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
index 64e1029..9e1c90b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
 #include <scheduler/TimeKeeper.h>
 #include <ui/DisplayId.h>
 
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@
 
     void setRenderRate(Fps, bool applyImmediately) final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
 
-    void onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime, TimePoint lastConfirmedPresentTime) final
+    void onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime, FrameTime lastSignaledFrameTime) final
             EXCLUDES(mMutex);
     void onFrameMissed(TimePoint expectedPresentTime) final EXCLUDES(mMutex);
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
index 134d28e..3376fad 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <scheduler/Fps.h>
 #include <scheduler/FrameRateMode.h>
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
 
 #include "VSyncDispatch.h"
 
@@ -112,8 +113,7 @@
      */
     virtual void setRenderRate(Fps, bool applyImmediately) = 0;
 
-    virtual void onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime,
-                              TimePoint lastConfirmedPresentTime) = 0;
+    virtual void onFrameBegin(TimePoint expectedPresentTime, FrameTime lastSignaledFrameTime) = 0;
 
     virtual void onFrameMissed(TimePoint expectedPresentTime) = 0;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTargeter.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTargeter.h
index d37d2dc..38cb446 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTargeter.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTargeter.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <ui/FenceTime.h>
 
 #include <scheduler/Features.h>
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
 #include <scheduler/Time.h>
 #include <scheduler/VsyncId.h>
 #include <scheduler/interface/CompositeResult.h>
@@ -57,13 +58,6 @@
     // The time of the VSYNC that preceded this frame. See `presentFenceForPastVsync` for details.
     TimePoint pastVsyncTime(Period minFramePeriod) const;
 
-    // The present fence for the frame that had targeted the most recent VSYNC before this frame.
-    // If the target VSYNC for any given frame is more than `vsyncPeriod` in the future, then the
-    // VSYNC of at least one previous frame has not yet passed. In other words, this is NOT the
-    // `presentFenceForPreviousFrame` if running N VSYNCs ahead, but the one that should have been
-    // signaled by now (unless that frame missed).
-    FenceTimePtr presentFenceForPastVsync(Period minFramePeriod) const;
-
     // Equivalent to `presentFenceForPastVsync` unless running N VSYNCs ahead.
     const FenceTimePtr& presentFenceForPreviousFrame() const {
         return mPresentFences.front().fenceTime;
@@ -72,7 +66,7 @@
     bool isFramePending() const { return mFramePending; }
     bool didMissFrame() const { return mFrameMissed; }
     bool didMissHwcFrame() const { return mHwcFrameMissed && !mGpuFrameMissed; }
-    TimePoint lastSignaledFrameTime() const { return mLastSignaledFrameTime; };
+    FrameTime lastSignaledFrameTime() const { return mLastSignaledFrameTime; }
 
 protected:
     explicit FrameTarget(const std::string& displayLabel);
@@ -106,10 +100,17 @@
         FenceTimePtr fenceTime = FenceTime::NO_FENCE;
         TimePoint expectedPresentTime = TimePoint();
     };
+
+    // The present fence for the frame that had targeted the most recent VSYNC before this frame.
+    // If the target VSYNC for any given frame is more than `vsyncPeriod` in the future, then the
+    // VSYNC of at least one previous frame has not yet passed. In other words, this is NOT the
+    // `presentFenceForPreviousFrame` if running N VSYNCs ahead, but the one that should have been
+    // signaled by now (unless that frame missed).
+    FenceWithFenceTime presentFenceForPastVsync(Period minFramePeriod) const;
     std::array<FenceWithFenceTime, 2> mPresentFences;
     utils::RingBuffer<FenceWithFenceTime, 5> mFenceWithFenceTimes;
 
-    TimePoint mLastSignaledFrameTime;
+    FrameTime mLastSignaledFrameTime;
 
 private:
     friend class FrameTargeterTestBase;
@@ -120,16 +121,17 @@
         return expectedFrameDuration() > (N - 1) * minFramePeriod;
     }
 
-    const FenceTimePtr pastVsyncTimePtr() const {
-        auto pastFenceTimePtr = FenceTime::NO_FENCE;
+    FenceWithFenceTime pastVsyncTimePtr() const {
+        FenceWithFenceTime pastFenceWithFenceTime;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < mFenceWithFenceTimes.size(); i++) {
-            const auto& [_, fenceTimePtr, expectedPresentTime] = mFenceWithFenceTimes[i];
-            if (expectedPresentTime > mFrameBeginTime) {
-                return pastFenceTimePtr;
+            const auto& fenceWithFenceTime = mFenceWithFenceTimes[i];
+            // TODO(b/354007767) Fix the below condition to avoid frame drop
+            if (fenceWithFenceTime.expectedPresentTime > mFrameBeginTime) {
+                return pastFenceWithFenceTime;
             }
-            pastFenceTimePtr = fenceTimePtr;
+            pastFenceWithFenceTime = fenceWithFenceTime;
         }
-        return pastFenceTimePtr;
+        return pastFenceWithFenceTime;
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTime.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTime.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed5c899
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/include/scheduler/FrameTime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <scheduler/Time.h>
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+struct FrameTime {
+    TimePoint signalTime;
+    TimePoint expectedPresentTime;
+};
+} // namespace android::scheduler
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/src/FrameTargeter.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/src/FrameTargeter.cpp
index 60694b9..1d248fb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/src/FrameTargeter.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/src/FrameTargeter.cpp
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@
     return mExpectedPresentTime - Period::fromNs(minFramePeriod.ns() << shift);
 }
 
-FenceTimePtr FrameTarget::presentFenceForPastVsync(Period minFramePeriod) const {
+FrameTarget::FenceWithFenceTime FrameTarget::presentFenceForPastVsync(Period minFramePeriod) const {
     if (FlagManager::getInstance().allow_n_vsyncs_in_targeter()) {
         return pastVsyncTimePtr();
     }
     const size_t i = static_cast<size_t>(targetsVsyncsAhead<2>(minFramePeriod));
-    return mPresentFences[i].fenceTime;
+    return mPresentFences[i];
 }
 
 bool FrameTarget::wouldPresentEarly(Period minFramePeriod) const {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    const auto fence = presentFenceForPastVsync(minFramePeriod);
+    const auto fence = presentFenceForPastVsync(minFramePeriod).fenceTime;
     return fence->isValid() && fence->getSignalTime() != Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_PENDING;
 }
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
                    ticks<std::milli, float>(mExpectedPresentTime - TimePoint::now()),
                    mExpectedPresentTime == args.expectedVsyncTime ? "" : " (adjusted)");
 
-    const FenceTimePtr& pastPresentFence = presentFenceForPastVsync(minFramePeriod);
+    FenceWithFenceTime pastPresentFence = presentFenceForPastVsync(minFramePeriod);
 
     // In cases where the present fence is about to fire, give it a small grace period instead of
     // giving up on the frame.
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@
 
     // Pending frames may trigger backpressure propagation.
     const auto& isFencePending = *isFencePendingFuncPtr;
-    mFramePending = pastPresentFence != FenceTime::NO_FENCE &&
-            isFencePending(pastPresentFence, graceTimeForPresentFenceMs);
+    mFramePending = pastPresentFence.fenceTime != FenceTime::NO_FENCE &&
+            isFencePending(pastPresentFence.fenceTime, graceTimeForPresentFenceMs);
 
     // A frame is missed if the prior frame is still pending. If no longer pending, then we still
     // count the frame as missed if the predicted present time was further in the past than when the
@@ -114,9 +114,10 @@
     // than a typical frame duration, but should not be so small that it reports reasonable drift as
     // a missed frame.
     mFrameMissed = mFramePending || [&] {
-        const nsecs_t pastPresentTime = pastPresentFence->getSignalTime();
+        const nsecs_t pastPresentTime = pastPresentFence.fenceTime->getSignalTime();
         if (pastPresentTime < 0) return false;
-        mLastSignaledFrameTime = TimePoint::fromNs(pastPresentTime);
+        mLastSignaledFrameTime = {.signalTime = TimePoint::fromNs(pastPresentTime),
+                                  .expectedPresentTime = pastPresentFence.expectedPresentTime};
         const nsecs_t frameMissedSlop = vsyncPeriod.ns() / 2;
         return lastScheduledPresentTime.ns() < pastPresentTime - frameMissedSlop;
     }();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/tests/FrameTargeterTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/tests/FrameTargeterTest.cpp
index 5448eec..190d062 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/tests/FrameTargeterTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/tests/FrameTargeterTest.cpp
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@
         return target().wouldPresentEarly(minFramePeriod);
     }
 
+    FrameTarget::FenceWithFenceTime presentFenceForPastVsync(Period minFramePeriod) const {
+        return target().presentFenceForPastVsync(minFramePeriod);
+    }
+
     struct Frame {
         Frame(FrameTargeterTestBase* testPtr, VsyncId vsyncId, TimePoint& frameBeginTime,
               Duration frameDuration, Fps refreshRate, Fps peakRefreshRate,
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@
         const auto fence = frame.end();
 
         EXPECT_EQ(target().pastVsyncTime(kPeriod), frameBeginTime + kFrameDuration - kPeriod);
-        EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod), fence);
+        EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod).fenceTime, fence);
     }
 }
 
@@ -200,7 +204,7 @@
         const auto fence = frame.end();
 
         EXPECT_EQ(target().pastVsyncTime(kPeriod), frameBeginTime + kFrameDuration - 2 * kPeriod);
-        EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod), previousFence);
+        EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod).fenceTime, previousFence);
 
         previousFence = fence;
     }
@@ -222,7 +226,7 @@
 
         const auto pastVsyncTime = frameBeginTime + kFrameDuration - 2 * kPeriod;
         EXPECT_EQ(target().pastVsyncTime(kPeriod), pastVsyncTime);
-        EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kFrameDuration), previousFence);
+        EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kFrameDuration).fenceTime, previousFence);
 
         frameBeginTime += kPeriod;
         previousFence = fence;
@@ -248,7 +252,7 @@
         const auto fence = frame.end();
 
         EXPECT_EQ(target().pastVsyncTime(kPeriod), frameBeginTime + kFrameDuration - 2 * kPeriod);
-        EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod), previousFence);
+        EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod).fenceTime, previousFence);
 
         previousFence = fence;
     }
@@ -274,7 +278,7 @@
 
         const auto pastVsyncTime = frameBeginTime + kFrameDuration - 2 * kPeriod;
         EXPECT_EQ(target().pastVsyncTime(kPeriod), pastVsyncTime);
-        EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kFrameDuration), previousFence);
+        EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kFrameDuration).fenceTime, previousFence);
 
         frameBeginTime += kPeriod;
         previousFence = fence;
@@ -283,7 +287,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FrameTargeterTest, doesNotDetectEarlyPresentIfNoFence) {
     constexpr Period kPeriod = (60_Hz).getPeriod();
-    EXPECT_EQ(target().presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod), FenceTime::NO_FENCE);
+    EXPECT_EQ(presentFenceForPastVsync(kPeriod).fenceTime, FenceTime::NO_FENCE);
     EXPECT_FALSE(wouldPresentEarly(kPeriod));
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index beb05b9..ea8fe6a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -534,9 +534,6 @@
 
     mIgnoreHdrCameraLayers = ignore_hdr_camera_layers(false);
 
-    mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled =
-            base::GetBoolProperty("persist.debug.sf.enable_layer_lifecycle_manager"s, true);
-
     // These are set by the HWC implementation to indicate that they will use the workarounds.
     mIsHotplugErrViaNegVsync =
             base::GetBoolProperty("debug.sf.hwc_hotplug_error_via_neg_vsync"s, false);
@@ -2676,11 +2673,8 @@
 
         const bool flushTransactions = clearTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded);
         bool transactionsAreEmpty = false;
-        if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-            mustComposite |=
-                    updateLayerSnapshots(vsyncId, pacesetterFrameTarget.frameBeginTime().ns(),
-                                         flushTransactions, transactionsAreEmpty);
-        }
+        mustComposite |= updateLayerSnapshots(vsyncId, pacesetterFrameTarget.frameBeginTime().ns(),
+                                              flushTransactions, transactionsAreEmpty);
 
         // Tell VsyncTracker that we are going to present this frame before scheduling
         // setTransactionFlags which will schedule another SF frame. This was if the tracker
@@ -2714,9 +2708,7 @@
         mUpdateAttachedChoreographer = false;
 
         Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
-        mScheduler->chooseRefreshRateForContent(mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled
-                                                        ? &mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getHierarchy()
-                                                        : nullptr,
+        mScheduler->chooseRefreshRateForContent(&mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getHierarchy(),
                                                 updateAttachedChoreographer);
 
         if (FlagManager::getInstance().connected_display()) {
@@ -2837,7 +2829,7 @@
     constexpr bool kCursorOnly = false;
     const auto layers = moveSnapshotsToCompositionArgs(refreshArgs, kCursorOnly);
 
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled && !mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
+    if (!mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
         for (const auto& [token, display] : FTL_FAKE_GUARD(mStateLock, mDisplays)) {
             auto compositionDisplay = display->getCompositionDisplay();
             if (!compositionDisplay->getState().isEnabled) continue;
@@ -3253,28 +3245,20 @@
                         }
                     };
 
-            if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-                mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachVisibleSnapshot(
-                        [&, compositionDisplay = compositionDisplay](
-                                std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>&
-                                        snapshot) FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext) {
-                            auto it = mLegacyLayers.find(snapshot->sequence);
-                            LLOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_WITH_TRACE_IF(it == mLegacyLayers.end(),
-                                                            "Couldnt find layer object for %s",
-                                                            snapshot->getDebugString().c_str());
-                            auto& legacyLayer = it->second;
-                            sp<LayerFE> layerFe =
-                                    legacyLayer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE(snapshot->path);
+            mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachVisibleSnapshot(
+                    [&, compositionDisplay = compositionDisplay](
+                            std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>& snapshot)
+                            FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext) {
+                                auto it = mLegacyLayers.find(snapshot->sequence);
+                                LLOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_WITH_TRACE_IF(it == mLegacyLayers.end(),
+                                                                "Couldnt find layer object for %s",
+                                                                snapshot->getDebugString().c_str());
+                                auto& legacyLayer = it->second;
+                                sp<LayerFE> layerFe =
+                                        legacyLayer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE(snapshot->path);
 
-                            updateInfoFn(compositionDisplay, *snapshot, layerFe);
-                        });
-            } else {
-                mDrawingState.traverse([&, compositionDisplay = compositionDisplay](Layer* layer) {
-                    const auto layerFe = layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE();
-                    const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot = *layer->getLayerSnapshot();
-                    updateInfoFn(compositionDisplay, snapshot, layerFe);
-                });
-            }
+                                updateInfoFn(compositionDisplay, *snapshot, layerFe);
+                            });
             listener->dispatchHdrLayerInfo(info);
         }
     }
@@ -3320,9 +3304,8 @@
             if (!layer->hasTrustedPresentationListener()) {
                 return;
             }
-            const frontend::LayerSnapshot* snapshot = mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled
-                    ? mLayerSnapshotBuilder.getSnapshot(layer->sequence)
-                    : layer->getLayerSnapshot();
+            const frontend::LayerSnapshot* snapshot =
+                    mLayerSnapshotBuilder.getSnapshot(layer->sequence);
             std::optional<const DisplayDevice*> displayOpt = std::nullopt;
             if (snapshot) {
                 displayOpt = layerStackToDisplay.get(snapshot->outputFilter.layerStack);
@@ -4047,13 +4030,6 @@
     // Commit display transactions.
     const bool displayTransactionNeeded = transactionFlags & eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
     mFrontEndDisplayInfosChanged = displayTransactionNeeded;
-    if (displayTransactionNeeded && !mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        processDisplayChangesLocked();
-        mFrontEndDisplayInfos.clear();
-        for (const auto& [_, display] : mDisplays) {
-            mFrontEndDisplayInfos.try_emplace(display->getLayerStack(), display->getFrontEndInfo());
-        }
-    }
     mForceTransactionDisplayChange = displayTransactionNeeded;
 
     if (mSomeChildrenChanged) {
@@ -4234,23 +4210,10 @@
     outWindowInfos.reserve(sNumWindowInfos);
     sNumWindowInfos = 0;
 
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachInputSnapshot(
-                [&outWindowInfos](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
-                    outWindowInfos.push_back(snapshot.inputInfo);
-                });
-    } else {
-        mDrawingState.traverseInReverseZOrder([&](Layer* layer) FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext) {
-            if (!layer->needsInputInfo()) return;
-            const auto opt =
-                    mFrontEndDisplayInfos.get(layer->getLayerStack())
-                            .transform([](const frontend::DisplayInfo& info) {
-                                return Layer::InputDisplayArgs{&info.transform, info.isSecure};
-                            });
-
-            outWindowInfos.push_back(layer->fillInputInfo(opt.value_or(Layer::InputDisplayArgs{})));
-        });
-    }
+    mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachInputSnapshot(
+            [&outWindowInfos](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
+                outWindowInfos.push_back(snapshot.inputInfo);
+            });
 
     sNumWindowInfos = outWindowInfos.size();
 
@@ -4324,10 +4287,8 @@
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::onChoreographerAttached() {
     SFTRACE_CALL();
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        mUpdateAttachedChoreographer = true;
-        scheduleCommit(FrameHint::kNone);
-    }
+    mUpdateAttachedChoreographer = true;
+    scheduleCommit(FrameHint::kNone);
 }
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::onExpectedPresentTimePosted(TimePoint expectedPresentTime,
@@ -4871,101 +4832,6 @@
     return TransactionReadiness::Ready;
 }
 
-TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyBufferCheckLegacy(
-        const TransactionHandler::TransactionFlushState& flushState) {
-    using TransactionReadiness = TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness;
-    auto ready = TransactionReadiness::Ready;
-    flushState.transaction->traverseStatesWithBuffersWhileTrue([&](const ResolvedComposerState&
-                                                                           resolvedState) -> bool {
-        sp<Layer> layer = LayerHandle::getLayer(resolvedState.state.surface);
-
-        const auto& transaction = *flushState.transaction;
-        const auto& s = resolvedState.state;
-        // check for barrier frames
-        if (s.bufferData->hasBarrier) {
-            // The current producerId is already a newer producer than the buffer that has a
-            // barrier. This means the incoming buffer is older and we can release it here. We
-            // don't wait on the barrier since we know that's stale information.
-            if (layer->getDrawingState().barrierProducerId > s.bufferData->producerId) {
-                layer->callReleaseBufferCallback(s.bufferData->releaseBufferListener,
-                                                 resolvedState.externalTexture->getBuffer(),
-                                                 s.bufferData->frameNumber,
-                                                 s.bufferData->acquireFence);
-                // Delete the entire state at this point and not just release the buffer because
-                // everything associated with the Layer in this Transaction is now out of date.
-                SFTRACE_FORMAT("DeleteStaleBuffer %s barrierProducerId:%d > %d",
-                               layer->getDebugName(), layer->getDrawingState().barrierProducerId,
-                               s.bufferData->producerId);
-                return TraverseBuffersReturnValues::DELETE_AND_CONTINUE_TRAVERSAL;
-            }
-
-            if (layer->getDrawingState().barrierFrameNumber < s.bufferData->barrierFrameNumber) {
-                const bool willApplyBarrierFrame =
-                        flushState.bufferLayersReadyToPresent.contains(s.surface.get()) &&
-                        ((flushState.bufferLayersReadyToPresent.get(s.surface.get()) >=
-                          s.bufferData->barrierFrameNumber));
-                if (!willApplyBarrierFrame) {
-                    SFTRACE_FORMAT("NotReadyBarrier %s barrierFrameNumber:%" PRId64 " > %" PRId64,
-                                   layer->getDebugName(),
-                                   layer->getDrawingState().barrierFrameNumber,
-                                   s.bufferData->barrierFrameNumber);
-                    ready = TransactionReadiness::NotReadyBarrier;
-                    return TraverseBuffersReturnValues::STOP_TRAVERSAL;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // If backpressure is enabled and we already have a buffer to commit, keep
-        // the transaction in the queue.
-        const bool hasPendingBuffer =
-                flushState.bufferLayersReadyToPresent.contains(s.surface.get());
-        if (layer->backpressureEnabled() && hasPendingBuffer && transaction.isAutoTimestamp) {
-            SFTRACE_FORMAT("hasPendingBuffer %s", layer->getDebugName());
-            ready = TransactionReadiness::NotReady;
-            return TraverseBuffersReturnValues::STOP_TRAVERSAL;
-        }
-
-        const bool acquireFenceAvailable = s.bufferData &&
-                s.bufferData->flags.test(BufferData::BufferDataChange::fenceChanged) &&
-                s.bufferData->acquireFence;
-        const bool fenceSignaled = !acquireFenceAvailable ||
-                s.bufferData->acquireFence->getStatus() != Fence::Status::Unsignaled;
-        if (!fenceSignaled) {
-            // check fence status
-            const bool allowLatchUnsignaled = shouldLatchUnsignaled(s, transaction.states.size(),
-                                                                    flushState.firstTransaction) &&
-                    layer->isSimpleBufferUpdate(s);
-
-            if (allowLatchUnsignaled) {
-                SFTRACE_FORMAT("fence unsignaled try allowLatchUnsignaled %s",
-                               layer->getDebugName());
-                ready = TransactionReadiness::NotReadyUnsignaled;
-            } else {
-                ready = TransactionReadiness::NotReady;
-                auto& listener = s.bufferData->releaseBufferListener;
-                if (listener &&
-                    (flushState.queueProcessTime - transaction.postTime) >
-                            std::chrono::nanoseconds(4s).count()) {
-                    // Used to add a stalled transaction which uses an internal lock.
-                    ftl::FakeGuard guard(kMainThreadContext);
-                    mTransactionHandler
-                            .onTransactionQueueStalled(transaction.id,
-                                                       {.pid = layer->getOwnerPid(),
-                                                        .layerId = static_cast<uint32_t>(
-                                                                layer->getSequence()),
-                                                        .layerName = layer->getDebugName(),
-                                                        .bufferId = s.bufferData->getId(),
-                                                        .frameNumber = s.bufferData->frameNumber});
-                }
-                SFTRACE_FORMAT("fence unsignaled %s", layer->getDebugName());
-                return TraverseBuffersReturnValues::STOP_TRAVERSAL;
-            }
-        }
-        return TraverseBuffersReturnValues::CONTINUE_TRAVERSAL;
-    });
-    return ready;
-}
-
 TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyBufferCheck(
         const TransactionHandler::TransactionFlushState& flushState) {
     using TransactionReadiness = TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness;
@@ -5077,15 +4943,8 @@
 void SurfaceFlinger::addTransactionReadyFilters() {
     mTransactionHandler.addTransactionReadyFilter(
             std::bind(&SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyTimelineCheck, this, std::placeholders::_1));
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        mTransactionHandler.addTransactionReadyFilter(
-                std::bind(&SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyBufferCheck, this,
-                          std::placeholders::_1));
-    } else {
-        mTransactionHandler.addTransactionReadyFilter(
-                std::bind(&SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyBufferCheckLegacy, this,
-                          std::placeholders::_1));
-    }
+    mTransactionHandler.addTransactionReadyFilter(
+            std::bind(&SurfaceFlinger::transactionReadyBufferCheck, this, std::placeholders::_1));
 }
 
 // For tests only
@@ -5317,11 +5176,6 @@
                                            const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
                                            int originPid, int originUid, uint64_t transactionId) {
     uint32_t transactionFlags = 0;
-    if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        for (DisplayState& display : displays) {
-            transactionFlags |= setDisplayStateLocked(display);
-        }
-    }
 
     // start and end registration for listeners w/ no surface so they can get their callback.  Note
     // that listeners with SurfaceControls will start registration during setClientStateLocked
@@ -5329,27 +5183,11 @@
     for (const auto& listener : listenerCallbacks) {
         mTransactionCallbackInvoker.addEmptyTransaction(listener);
     }
-    nsecs_t now = systemTime();
     uint32_t clientStateFlags = 0;
     for (auto& resolvedState : states) {
         clientStateFlags |=
                 updateLayerCallbacksAndStats(frameTimelineInfo, resolvedState, desiredPresentTime,
                                              isAutoTimestamp, postTime, transactionId);
-        if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-            if ((flags & eAnimation) && resolvedState.state.surface) {
-                if (const auto layer = LayerHandle::getLayer(resolvedState.state.surface)) {
-                    const auto layerProps = scheduler::LayerProps{
-                            .visible = layer->isVisible(),
-                            .bounds = layer->getBounds(),
-                            .transform = layer->getTransform(),
-                            .setFrameRateVote = layer->getFrameRateForLayerTree(),
-                            .frameRateSelectionPriority = layer->getFrameRateSelectionPriority(),
-                            .isFrontBuffered = layer->isFrontBuffered(),
-                    };
-                    layer->recordLayerHistoryAnimationTx(layerProps, now);
-                }
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     transactionFlags |= clientStateFlags;
@@ -6665,53 +6503,35 @@
 }
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::dumpVisibleFrontEnd(std::string& result) {
-    if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        StringAppendF(&result, "Composition layers\n");
-        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
-            auto* compositionState = layer->getCompositionState();
-            if (!compositionState || !compositionState->isVisible) return;
-            android::base::StringAppendF(&result, "* Layer %p (%s)\n", layer,
-                                         layer->getDebugName() ? layer->getDebugName()
-                                                               : "<unknown>");
-            compositionState->dump(result);
-        });
-
-        StringAppendF(&result, "Offscreen Layers\n");
-        for (Layer* offscreenLayer : mOffscreenLayers) {
-            offscreenLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing,
-                                     [&](Layer* layer) { layer->dumpOffscreenDebugInfo(result); });
-        }
-    } else {
-        std::ostringstream out;
-        out << "\nComposition list\n";
-        ui::LayerStack lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = ui::INVALID_LAYER_STACK;
-        mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachVisibleSnapshot(
-                [&](std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>& snapshot) {
-                    if (snapshot->hasSomethingToDraw()) {
-                        if (lastPrintedLayerStackHeader != snapshot->outputFilter.layerStack) {
-                            lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = snapshot->outputFilter.layerStack;
-                            out << "LayerStack=" << lastPrintedLayerStackHeader.id << "\n";
-                        }
-                        out << "  " << *snapshot << "\n";
+    std::ostringstream out;
+    out << "\nComposition list\n";
+    ui::LayerStack lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = ui::INVALID_LAYER_STACK;
+    mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachVisibleSnapshot(
+            [&](std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>& snapshot) {
+                if (snapshot->hasSomethingToDraw()) {
+                    if (lastPrintedLayerStackHeader != snapshot->outputFilter.layerStack) {
+                        lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = snapshot->outputFilter.layerStack;
+                        out << "LayerStack=" << lastPrintedLayerStackHeader.id << "\n";
                     }
-                });
+                    out << "  " << *snapshot << "\n";
+                }
+            });
 
-        out << "\nInput list\n";
-        lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = ui::INVALID_LAYER_STACK;
-        mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachInputSnapshot([&](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
-            if (lastPrintedLayerStackHeader != snapshot.outputFilter.layerStack) {
-                lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = snapshot.outputFilter.layerStack;
-                out << "LayerStack=" << lastPrintedLayerStackHeader.id << "\n";
-            }
-            out << "  " << snapshot << "\n";
-        });
+    out << "\nInput list\n";
+    lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = ui::INVALID_LAYER_STACK;
+    mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachInputSnapshot([&](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
+        if (lastPrintedLayerStackHeader != snapshot.outputFilter.layerStack) {
+            lastPrintedLayerStackHeader = snapshot.outputFilter.layerStack;
+            out << "LayerStack=" << lastPrintedLayerStackHeader.id << "\n";
+        }
+        out << "  " << snapshot << "\n";
+    });
 
-        out << "\nLayer Hierarchy\n"
-            << mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getHierarchy() << "\nOffscreen Hierarchy\n"
-            << mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getOffscreenHierarchy() << "\n\n";
-        result = out.str();
-        dumpHwcLayersMinidump(result);
-    }
+    out << "\nLayer Hierarchy\n"
+        << mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getHierarchy() << "\nOffscreen Hierarchy\n"
+        << mLayerHierarchyBuilder.getOffscreenHierarchy() << "\n\n";
+    result = out.str();
+    dumpHwcLayersMinidump(result);
 }
 
 perfetto::protos::LayersProto SurfaceFlinger::dumpDrawingStateProto(uint32_t traceFlags) const {
@@ -6814,27 +6634,7 @@
     result.append(future.get());
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::dumpHwcLayersMinidumpLockedLegacy(std::string& result) const {
-    for (const auto& [token, display] : FTL_FAKE_GUARD(mStateLock, mDisplays)) {
-        const auto displayId = HalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId());
-        if (!displayId) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        StringAppendF(&result, "Display %s (%s) HWC layers:\n", to_string(*displayId).c_str(),
-                      displayId == mActiveDisplayId ? "active" : "inactive");
-        Layer::miniDumpHeader(result);
-
-        const DisplayDevice& ref = *display;
-        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) { layer->miniDumpLegacy(result, ref); });
-        result.append("\n");
-    }
-}
-
 void SurfaceFlinger::dumpHwcLayersMinidump(std::string& result) const {
-    if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        return dumpHwcLayersMinidumpLockedLegacy(result);
-    }
     for (const auto& [token, display] : FTL_FAKE_GUARD(mStateLock, mDisplays)) {
         const auto displayId = HalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId());
         if (!displayId) {
@@ -6914,8 +6714,7 @@
      * Dump the visible layer list
      */
     colorizer.bold(result);
-    StringAppendF(&result, "SurfaceFlinger New Frontend Enabled:%s\n",
-                  mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled ? "true" : "false");
+    StringAppendF(&result, "SurfaceFlinger New Frontend Enabled:%s\n", "true");
     StringAppendF(&result, "Active Layers - layers with client handles (count = %zu)\n",
                   mNumLayers.load());
     colorizer.reset(result);
@@ -8639,12 +8438,8 @@
 }
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::traverseLegacyLayers(const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) const {
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        for (auto& layer : mLegacyLayers) {
-            visitor(layer.second.get());
-        }
-    } else {
-        mDrawingState.traverse(visitor);
+    for (auto& layer : mLegacyLayers) {
+        visitor(layer.second.get());
     }
 }
 
@@ -8662,42 +8457,6 @@
     layersSortedByZ.traverseInReverseZOrder(stateSet, visitor);
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::traverseLayersInLayerStack(ui::LayerStack layerStack, const int32_t uid,
-                                                std::unordered_set<uint32_t> excludeLayerIds,
-                                                const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
-    // We loop through the first level of layers without traversing,
-    // as we need to determine which layers belong to the requested display.
-    for (const auto& layer : mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ) {
-        if (layer->getLayerStack() != layerStack) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        // relative layers are traversed in Layer::traverseInZOrder
-        layer->traverseInZOrder(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing, [&](Layer* layer) {
-            if (layer->isInternalDisplayOverlay()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            if (!layer->isVisible()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            if (uid != CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID && layer->getOwnerUid() != uid) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            if (!excludeLayerIds.empty()) {
-                auto p = sp<Layer>::fromExisting(layer);
-                while (p != nullptr) {
-                    if (excludeLayerIds.count(p->sequence) != 0) {
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    p = p->getParent();
-                }
-            }
-
-            visitor(layer);
-        });
-    }
-}
-
 ftl::Optional<scheduler::FrameRateMode> SurfaceFlinger::getPreferredDisplayMode(
         PhysicalDisplayId displayId, DisplayModeId defaultModeId) const {
     if (const auto schedulerMode = mScheduler->getPreferredDisplayMode();
@@ -9361,89 +9120,49 @@
 void SurfaceFlinger::moveSnapshotsFromCompositionArgs(
         compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs& refreshArgs,
         const std::vector<std::pair<Layer*, LayerFE*>>& layers) {
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>>& snapshots =
-                mLayerSnapshotBuilder.getSnapshots();
-        for (auto [_, layerFE] : layers) {
-            auto i = layerFE->mSnapshot->globalZ;
-            snapshots[i] = std::move(layerFE->mSnapshot);
-        }
-    }
-    if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        for (auto [layer, layerFE] : layers) {
-            layer->updateLayerSnapshot(std::move(layerFE->mSnapshot));
-        }
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>>& snapshots =
+            mLayerSnapshotBuilder.getSnapshots();
+    for (auto [_, layerFE] : layers) {
+        auto i = layerFE->mSnapshot->globalZ;
+        snapshots[i] = std::move(layerFE->mSnapshot);
     }
 }
 
 std::vector<std::pair<Layer*, LayerFE*>> SurfaceFlinger::moveSnapshotsToCompositionArgs(
         compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs& refreshArgs, bool cursorOnly) {
     std::vector<std::pair<Layer*, LayerFE*>> layers;
-    if (mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
-        const bool needsMetadata = mCompositionEngine->getFeatureFlags().test(
-                compositionengine::Feature::kSnapshotLayerMetadata);
-        mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachSnapshot(
-                [&](std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>& snapshot) FTL_FAKE_GUARD(
-                        kMainThreadContext) {
-                    if (cursorOnly &&
-                        snapshot->compositionType !=
-                                aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition::CURSOR) {
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    if (!snapshot->hasSomethingToDraw()) {
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    auto it = mLegacyLayers.find(snapshot->sequence);
-                    LLOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_WITH_TRACE_IF(it == mLegacyLayers.end(),
-                                                    "Couldnt find layer object for %s",
-                                                    snapshot->getDebugString().c_str());
-                    auto& legacyLayer = it->second;
-                    sp<LayerFE> layerFE = legacyLayer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE(snapshot->path);
-                    snapshot->fps = getLayerFramerate(currentTime, snapshot->sequence);
-                    layerFE->mSnapshot = std::move(snapshot);
-                    refreshArgs.layers.push_back(layerFE);
-                    layers.emplace_back(legacyLayer.get(), layerFE.get());
-                },
-                [needsMetadata](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
-                    return snapshot.isVisible ||
-                            (needsMetadata &&
-                             snapshot.changes.test(
-                                     frontend::RequestedLayerState::Changes::Metadata));
-                });
-    }
-    if (!mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled) {
-        auto moveSnapshots = [&layers, &refreshArgs, cursorOnly](Layer* layer) {
-            if (const auto& layerFE = layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE()) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
+    const bool needsMetadata = mCompositionEngine->getFeatureFlags().test(
+            compositionengine::Feature::kSnapshotLayerMetadata);
+    mLayerSnapshotBuilder.forEachSnapshot(
+            [&](std::unique_ptr<frontend::LayerSnapshot>& snapshot) FTL_FAKE_GUARD(
+                    kMainThreadContext) {
                 if (cursorOnly &&
-                    layer->getLayerSnapshot()->compositionType !=
-                            aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition::CURSOR)
+                    snapshot->compositionType !=
+                            aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition::CURSOR) {
                     return;
-                layer->updateSnapshot(refreshArgs.updatingGeometryThisFrame);
-                layerFE->mSnapshot = layer->stealLayerSnapshot();
+                }
+
+                if (!snapshot->hasSomethingToDraw()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                auto it = mLegacyLayers.find(snapshot->sequence);
+                LLOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_WITH_TRACE_IF(it == mLegacyLayers.end(),
+                                                "Couldnt find layer object for %s",
+                                                snapshot->getDebugString().c_str());
+                auto& legacyLayer = it->second;
+                sp<LayerFE> layerFE = legacyLayer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE(snapshot->path);
+                snapshot->fps = getLayerFramerate(currentTime, snapshot->sequence);
+                layerFE->mSnapshot = std::move(snapshot);
                 refreshArgs.layers.push_back(layerFE);
-                layers.emplace_back(layer, layerFE.get());
-            }
-        };
-
-        if (cursorOnly || !mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
-            // for hot path avoid traversals by walking though the previous composition list
-            for (sp<Layer> layer : mPreviouslyComposedLayers) {
-                moveSnapshots(layer.get());
-            }
-        } else {
-            mPreviouslyComposedLayers.clear();
-            mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder(
-                    [&moveSnapshots](Layer* layer) { moveSnapshots(layer); });
-            mPreviouslyComposedLayers.reserve(layers.size());
-            for (auto [layer, _] : layers) {
-                mPreviouslyComposedLayers.push_back(sp<Layer>::fromExisting(layer));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
+                layers.emplace_back(legacyLayer.get(), layerFE.get());
+            },
+            [needsMetadata](const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot) {
+                return snapshot.isVisible ||
+                        (needsMetadata &&
+                         snapshot.changes.test(frontend::RequestedLayerState::Changes::Metadata));
+            });
     return layers;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index af504ca..9f85a9f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -827,9 +827,6 @@
     TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness transactionReadyTimelineCheck(
             const TransactionHandler::TransactionFlushState& flushState)
             REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
-    TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness transactionReadyBufferCheckLegacy(
-            const TransactionHandler::TransactionFlushState& flushState)
-            REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
     TransactionHandler::TransactionReadiness transactionReadyBufferCheck(
             const TransactionHandler::TransactionFlushState& flushState)
             REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
@@ -935,12 +932,6 @@
             std::vector<std::pair<Layer*, sp<LayerFE>>>& layers,
             std::vector<sp<LayerFE>>& layerFEs);
 
-    // If the uid provided is not UNSET_UID, the traverse will skip any layers that don't have a
-    // matching ownerUid
-    void traverseLayersInLayerStack(ui::LayerStack, const int32_t uid,
-                                    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> excludeLayerIds,
-                                    const LayerVector::Visitor&);
-
     void readPersistentProperties();
 
     uint32_t getMaxAcquiredBufferCountForCurrentRefreshRate(uid_t uid) const;
@@ -1157,7 +1148,6 @@
     void dumpAll(const DumpArgs& args, const std::string& compositionLayers,
                  std::string& result) const EXCLUDES(mStateLock);
     void dumpHwcLayersMinidump(std::string& result) const REQUIRES(mStateLock, kMainThreadContext);
-    void dumpHwcLayersMinidumpLockedLegacy(std::string& result) const REQUIRES(mStateLock);
 
     void appendSfConfigString(std::string& result) const;
     void listLayers(std::string& result) const REQUIRES(kMainThreadContext);
@@ -1506,8 +1496,6 @@
     }
 
     bool mPowerHintSessionEnabled;
-
-    bool mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled = false;
     // Whether a display should be turned on when initialized
     bool mSkipPowerOnForQuiescent;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/CompositionTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/CompositionTest.cpp
index cdd77fe..23d3c16 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/CompositionTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/CompositionTest.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
  */
 
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
-#include "renderengine/ExternalTexture.h"
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wextra"
@@ -31,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <gui/IProducerListener.h>
 #include <gui/LayerMetadata.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <renderengine/ExternalTexture.h>
 #include <renderengine/mock/FakeExternalTexture.h>
 #include <renderengine/mock/RenderEngine.h>
 #include <system/window.h>
@@ -149,7 +149,6 @@
     sp<compositionengine::mock::DisplaySurface> mDisplaySurface =
             sp<compositionengine::mock::DisplaySurface>::make();
     sp<mock::NativeWindow> mNativeWindow = sp<mock::NativeWindow>::make();
-    std::vector<sp<Layer>> mAuxiliaryLayers;
 
     sp<GraphicBuffer> mBuffer =
             sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(1u, 1u, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
@@ -194,6 +193,7 @@
 template <typename LayerCase>
 void CompositionTest::captureScreenComposition() {
     LayerCase::setupForScreenCapture(this);
+    mFlinger.commit();
 
     const Rect sourceCrop(0, 0, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT);
     constexpr bool regionSampling = false;
@@ -204,13 +204,8 @@
                                       RenderArea::Options::CAPTURE_SECURE_LAYERS |
                                               RenderArea::Options::HINT_FOR_SEAMLESS_TRANSITION);
 
-    auto traverseLayers = [this](const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
-        return mFlinger.traverseLayersInLayerStack(mDisplay->getLayerStack(),
-                                                   CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID, {}, visitor);
-    };
-
-    // TODO: Use SurfaceFlinger::getLayerSnapshotsForScreenshots instead of this legacy function
-    auto getLayerSnapshotsFn = RenderArea::fromTraverseLayersLambda(traverseLayers);
+    auto getLayerSnapshotsFn = mFlinger.getLayerSnapshotsForScreenshotsFn(mDisplay->getLayerStack(),
+                                                                          CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID);
 
     const uint32_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN |
             GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER | GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_TEXTURE;
@@ -462,7 +457,7 @@
     static constexpr IComposerClient::BlendMode BLENDMODE =
             IComposerClient::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
 
-    static void setupLatchedBuffer(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
+    static void setupLatchedBuffer(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
         Mock::VerifyAndClear(test->mRenderEngine);
 
         const auto buffer = std::make_shared<
@@ -472,21 +467,15 @@
                                                          LayerProperties::FORMAT,
                                                          LayerProperties::USAGE |
                                                                  GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_TEXTURE);
-
-        auto& layerDrawingState = test->mFlinger.mutableLayerDrawingState(layer);
-        layerDrawingState.crop = Rect(0, 0, LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH);
-        layerDrawingState.buffer = buffer;
-        layerDrawingState.acquireFence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
-        layerDrawingState.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
-        layer->setSurfaceDamageRegion(
-                Region(Rect(LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH)));
-
-        bool ignoredRecomputeVisibleRegions;
-        layer->latchBuffer(ignoredRecomputeVisibleRegions, 0);
+        layer.crop = Rect(0, 0, LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH);
+        layer.externalTexture = buffer;
+        layer.bufferData->acquireFence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
+        layer.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+        layer.surfaceDamageRegion = Region(Rect(LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH));
         Mock::VerifyAndClear(test->mRenderEngine);
     }
 
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
         setupLatchedBuffer(test, layer);
     }
 
@@ -670,14 +659,12 @@
     using Base = BaseLayerProperties<SidebandLayerProperties>;
     static constexpr IComposerClient::BlendMode BLENDMODE = IComposerClient::BlendMode::NONE;
 
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
         sp<NativeHandle> stream =
                 NativeHandle::create(reinterpret_cast<native_handle_t*>(DEFAULT_SIDEBAND_STREAM),
                                      false);
-        test->mFlinger.setLayerSidebandStream(layer, stream);
-        auto& layerDrawingState = test->mFlinger.mutableLayerDrawingState(layer);
-        layerDrawingState.crop =
-                Rect(0, 0, SidebandLayerProperties::HEIGHT, SidebandLayerProperties::WIDTH);
+        layer.sidebandStream = stream;
+        layer.crop = Rect(0, 0, SidebandLayerProperties::HEIGHT, SidebandLayerProperties::WIDTH);
     }
 
     static void setupHwcSetSourceCropBufferCallExpectations(CompositionTest* test) {
@@ -755,17 +742,17 @@
 struct CursorLayerProperties : public BaseLayerProperties<CursorLayerProperties> {
     using Base = BaseLayerProperties<CursorLayerProperties>;
 
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
         Base::setupLayerState(test, layer);
-        test->mFlinger.setLayerPotentialCursor(layer, true);
+        layer.potentialCursor = true;
     }
 };
 
 struct NoLayerVariant {
-    using FlingerLayerType = sp<Layer>;
-
-    static FlingerLayerType createLayer(CompositionTest*) { return FlingerLayerType(); }
-    static void injectLayer(CompositionTest*, FlingerLayerType) {}
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayer(CompositionTest*) {
+        return {LayerCreationArgs()};
+    }
+    static void injectLayer(CompositionTest*, frontend::RequestedLayerState&) {}
     static void cleanupInjectedLayers(CompositionTest*) {}
 
     static void setupCallExpectationsForDirtyGeometry(CompositionTest*) {}
@@ -775,10 +762,10 @@
 template <typename LayerProperties>
 struct BaseLayerVariant {
     template <typename L, typename F>
-    static sp<L> createLayerWithFactory(CompositionTest* test, F factory) {
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayerWithFactory(CompositionTest* test, F factory) {
         EXPECT_CALL(*test->mFlinger.scheduler(), postMessage(_)).Times(0);
 
-        sp<L> layer = factory();
+        auto layer = factory();
 
         // Layer should be registered with scheduler.
         EXPECT_EQ(1u, test->mFlinger.scheduler()->layerHistorySize());
@@ -792,27 +779,26 @@
         return layer;
     }
 
-    template <typename L>
-    static void initLayerDrawingStateAndComputeBounds(CompositionTest* test, sp<L> layer) {
-        auto& layerDrawingState = test->mFlinger.mutableLayerDrawingState(layer);
-        layerDrawingState.layerStack = LAYER_STACK;
-        layerDrawingState.color = half4(LayerProperties::COLOR[0], LayerProperties::COLOR[1],
-                                        LayerProperties::COLOR[2], LayerProperties::COLOR[3]);
-        layer->computeBounds(FloatRect(0, 0, 100, 100), ui::Transform(), 0.f /* shadowRadius */);
+    static void initLayerDrawingStateAndComputeBounds(CompositionTest* test,
+                                                      frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
+        layer.layerStack = LAYER_STACK;
+        layer.color = half4(LayerProperties::COLOR[0], LayerProperties::COLOR[1],
+                            LayerProperties::COLOR[2], LayerProperties::COLOR[3]);
     }
 
-    static void injectLayer(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
+    static void injectLayer(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
         EXPECT_CALL(*test->mComposer, createLayer(HWC_DISPLAY, _))
                 .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(HWC_LAYER), Return(Error::NONE)));
-
+        auto legacyLayer = test->mFlinger.getLegacyLayer(layer.id);
         auto outputLayer = test->mDisplay->getCompositionDisplay()->injectOutputLayerForTest(
-                layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE());
+                legacyLayer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE({.id = layer.id}));
         outputLayer->editState().visibleRegion = Region(Rect(0, 0, 100, 100));
         outputLayer->editState().outputSpaceVisibleRegion = Region(Rect(0, 0, 100, 100));
 
         Mock::VerifyAndClear(test->mComposer);
 
-        test->mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().layersSortedByZ.add(layer);
+        auto layerCopy = std::make_unique<frontend::RequestedLayerState>(layer);
+        test->mFlinger.addLayer(layerCopy);
         test->mFlinger.mutableVisibleRegionsDirty() = true;
     }
 
@@ -820,10 +806,9 @@
         EXPECT_CALL(*test->mComposer, destroyLayer(HWC_DISPLAY, HWC_LAYER))
                 .WillOnce(Return(Error::NONE));
 
+        test->mFlinger.destroyAllLayerHandles();
         test->mDisplay->getCompositionDisplay()->clearOutputLayers();
-        test->mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().layersSortedByZ.clear();
         test->mFlinger.mutablePreviouslyComposedLayers().clear();
-
         // Layer should be unregistered with scheduler.
         test->mFlinger.commit();
         EXPECT_EQ(0u, test->mFlinger.scheduler()->layerHistorySize());
@@ -833,17 +818,17 @@
 template <typename LayerProperties>
 struct EffectLayerVariant : public BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties> {
     using Base = BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties>;
-    using FlingerLayerType = sp<Layer>;
-
-    static FlingerLayerType createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
-        FlingerLayerType layer = Base::template createLayerWithFactory<Layer>(test, [test]() {
-            return sp<Layer>::make(LayerCreationArgs(test->mFlinger.flinger(), sp<Client>(),
-                                                     "test-layer", LayerProperties::LAYER_FLAGS,
-                                                     LayerMetadata()));
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
+        frontend::RequestedLayerState layer = Base::template createLayerWithFactory<
+                frontend::RequestedLayerState>(test, [test]() {
+            auto args = LayerCreationArgs(test->mFlinger.flinger(), sp<Client>(), "test-layer",
+                                          LayerProperties::LAYER_FLAGS, LayerMetadata());
+            auto legacyLayer = sp<Layer>::make(args);
+            test->mFlinger.injectLegacyLayer(legacyLayer);
+            return frontend::RequestedLayerState(args);
         });
 
-        auto& layerDrawingState = test->mFlinger.mutableLayerDrawingState(layer);
-        layerDrawingState.crop = Rect(0, 0, LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH);
+        layer.crop = Rect(0, 0, LayerProperties::HEIGHT, LayerProperties::WIDTH);
         return layer;
     }
 
@@ -869,13 +854,15 @@
 template <typename LayerProperties>
 struct BufferLayerVariant : public BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties> {
     using Base = BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties>;
-    using FlingerLayerType = sp<Layer>;
 
-    static FlingerLayerType createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
-        FlingerLayerType layer = Base::template createLayerWithFactory<Layer>(test, [test]() {
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
+        frontend::RequestedLayerState layer = Base::template createLayerWithFactory<
+                frontend::RequestedLayerState>(test, [test]() {
             LayerCreationArgs args(test->mFlinger.flinger(), sp<Client>(), "test-layer",
                                    LayerProperties::LAYER_FLAGS, LayerMetadata());
-            return sp<Layer>::make(args);
+            auto legacyLayer = sp<Layer>::make(args);
+            test->mFlinger.injectLegacyLayer(legacyLayer);
+            return frontend::RequestedLayerState(args);
         });
 
         LayerProperties::setupLayerState(test, layer);
@@ -917,13 +904,14 @@
 template <typename LayerProperties>
 struct ContainerLayerVariant : public BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties> {
     using Base = BaseLayerVariant<LayerProperties>;
-    using FlingerLayerType = sp<Layer>;
 
-    static FlingerLayerType createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
         LayerCreationArgs args(test->mFlinger.flinger(), sp<Client>(), "test-container-layer",
                                LayerProperties::LAYER_FLAGS, LayerMetadata());
-        FlingerLayerType layer = sp<Layer>::make(args);
-        Base::template initLayerDrawingStateAndComputeBounds(test, layer);
+        sp<Layer> legacyLayer = sp<Layer>::make(args);
+        test->mFlinger.injectLegacyLayer(legacyLayer);
+        frontend::RequestedLayerState layer(args);
+        Base::initLayerDrawingStateAndComputeBounds(test, layer);
         return layer;
     }
 };
@@ -931,29 +919,19 @@
 template <typename LayerVariant, typename ParentLayerVariant>
 struct ChildLayerVariant : public LayerVariant {
     using Base = LayerVariant;
-    using FlingerLayerType = typename LayerVariant::FlingerLayerType;
     using ParentBase = ParentLayerVariant;
 
-    static FlingerLayerType createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
+    static frontend::RequestedLayerState createLayer(CompositionTest* test) {
         // Need to create child layer first. Otherwise layer history size will be 2.
-        FlingerLayerType layer = Base::createLayer(test);
-
-        typename ParentBase::FlingerLayerType parentLayer = ParentBase::createLayer(test);
-        parentLayer->addChild(layer);
-        test->mFlinger.setLayerDrawingParent(layer, parentLayer);
-
-        test->mAuxiliaryLayers.push_back(parentLayer);
-
+        frontend::RequestedLayerState layer = Base::createLayer(test);
+        frontend::RequestedLayerState parentLayer = ParentBase::createLayer(test);
+        layer.parentId = parentLayer.id;
+        auto layerCopy = std::make_unique<frontend::RequestedLayerState>(parentLayer);
+        test->mFlinger.addLayer(layerCopy);
         return layer;
     }
 
-    static void cleanupInjectedLayers(CompositionTest* test) {
-        // Clear auxiliary layers first so that child layer can be successfully destroyed in the
-        // following call.
-        test->mAuxiliaryLayers.clear();
-
-        Base::cleanupInjectedLayers(test);
-    }
+    static void cleanupInjectedLayers(CompositionTest* test) { Base::cleanupInjectedLayers(test); }
 };
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1016,7 +994,7 @@
  */
 
 struct CompositionResultBaseVariant {
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest*, sp<Layer>) {}
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest*, frontend::RequestedLayerState&) {}
 
     template <typename Case>
     static void setupCallExpectationsForDirtyGeometry(CompositionTest* test) {
@@ -1056,9 +1034,8 @@
 };
 
 struct ForcedClientCompositionResultVariant : public CompositionResultBaseVariant {
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer> layer) {
-        const auto outputLayer =
-                TestableSurfaceFlinger::findOutputLayerForDisplay(layer, test->mDisplay);
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState& layer) {
+        const auto outputLayer = test->mFlinger.findOutputLayerForDisplay(layer.id, test->mDisplay);
         LOG_FATAL_IF(!outputLayer);
         outputLayer->editState().forceClientComposition = true;
     }
@@ -1079,7 +1056,7 @@
 };
 
 struct ForcedClientCompositionViaDebugOptionResultVariant : public CompositionResultBaseVariant {
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, sp<Layer>) {
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest* test, frontend::RequestedLayerState&) {
         test->mFlinger.mutableDebugDisableHWC() = true;
     }
 
@@ -1099,7 +1076,7 @@
 };
 
 struct EmptyScreenshotResultVariant {
-    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest*, sp<Layer>) {}
+    static void setupLayerState(CompositionTest*, frontend::RequestedLayerState&) {}
 
     template <typename Case>
     static void setupCallExpectations(CompositionTest*) {}
@@ -1365,28 +1342,6 @@
  *  Layers with a parent layer with ISurfaceComposerClient::eSecure, on a non-secure display
  */
 
-TEST_F(CompositionTest,
-       HWCComposedBufferLayerWithSecureParentLayerOnInsecureDisplayWithDirtyGeometry) {
-    displayRefreshCompositionDirtyGeometry<CompositionCase<
-            InsecureDisplaySetupVariant,
-            ChildLayerVariant<BufferLayerVariant<ParentSecureLayerProperties>,
-                              ContainerLayerVariant<SecureLayerProperties>>,
-            KeepCompositionTypeVariant<
-                    aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition::CLIENT>,
-            ForcedClientCompositionResultVariant>>();
-}
-
-TEST_F(CompositionTest,
-       HWCComposedBufferLayerWithSecureParentLayerOnInsecureDisplayWithDirtyFrame) {
-    displayRefreshCompositionDirtyFrame<CompositionCase<
-            InsecureDisplaySetupVariant,
-            ChildLayerVariant<BufferLayerVariant<ParentSecureLayerProperties>,
-                              ContainerLayerVariant<SecureLayerProperties>>,
-            KeepCompositionTypeVariant<
-                    aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition::CLIENT>,
-            ForcedClientCompositionResultVariant>>();
-}
-
 TEST_F(CompositionTest, captureScreenBufferLayerWithSecureParentLayerOnInsecureDisplay) {
     captureScreenComposition<
             CompositionCase<InsecureDisplaySetupVariant,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/PowerAdvisorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/PowerAdvisorTest.cpp
index e74f643..c879280 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/PowerAdvisorTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/PowerAdvisorTest.cpp
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@
     testGpuScenario(config, res);
     EXPECT_EQ(res.gpuDurationNanos, 0L);
     EXPECT_EQ(res.cpuDurationNanos, 0L);
-    EXPECT_GE(res.durationNanos, toNanos(30ms + getErrorMargin()));
+    EXPECT_GE(res.durationNanos, toNanos(29ms + getErrorMargin()));
     EXPECT_LE(res.durationNanos, toNanos(31ms + getErrorMargin()));
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
index fc54a8b..3df724a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "mock/MockSchedulerCallback.h"
 
 #include <FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.h>
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
 
 #include <com_android_graphics_surfaceflinger_flags.h>
 #include "FpsOps.h"
@@ -607,7 +608,8 @@
                                              TimePoint::fromNs(2000)));
 
     // Not crossing the min frame period
-    vrrTracker->onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(2000), TimePoint::fromNs(1500));
+    vrrTracker->onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(2000),
+                             {TimePoint::fromNs(1500), TimePoint::fromNs(1500)});
     EXPECT_EQ(Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(1000),
               scheduler.getNextFrameInterval(kMode->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
                                              TimePoint::fromNs(2500)));
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_ColorMatrixTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_ColorMatrixTest.cpp
index ff7612e..d638024 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_ColorMatrixTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SurfaceFlinger_ColorMatrixTest.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 class ColorMatrixTest : public CommitAndCompositeTest {};
 
 TEST_F(ColorMatrixTest, colorMatrixChanged) {
-    mFlinger.enableLayerLifecycleManager();
     EXPECT_COLOR_MATRIX_CHANGED(true, true);
     mFlinger.mutableTransactionFlags() |= eTransactionNeeded;
 
@@ -46,7 +45,6 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(ColorMatrixTest, colorMatrixChangedAfterDisplayTransaction) {
-    mFlinger.enableLayerLifecycleManager();
     EXPECT_COLOR_MATRIX_CHANGED(true, true);
     mFlinger.mutableTransactionFlags() |= eTransactionNeeded;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
index 4197cbd..e3b2af1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -326,9 +326,13 @@
 
     auto& mutableStateLock() { return mFlinger->mStateLock; }
 
-    static auto findOutputLayerForDisplay(const sp<Layer>& layer,
-                                          const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) {
-        return layer->findOutputLayerForDisplay(display.get());
+    compositionengine::OutputLayer* findOutputLayerForDisplay(
+            uint32_t layerId, const sp<const DisplayDevice>& display) {
+        ftl::FakeGuard guard(kMainThreadContext);
+        if (mFlinger->mLegacyLayers.find(layerId) == mFlinger->mLegacyLayers.end()) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return mFlinger->mLegacyLayers[layerId]->findOutputLayerForDisplay(display.get());
     }
 
     static void setLayerSidebandStream(const sp<Layer>& layer,
@@ -340,17 +344,14 @@
 
     void setLayerCompositionType(const sp<Layer>& layer,
                                  aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition type) {
-        auto outputLayer = findOutputLayerForDisplay(layer, mFlinger->getDefaultDisplayDevice());
+        auto outputLayer = findOutputLayerForDisplay(static_cast<uint32_t>(layer->sequence),
+                                                     mFlinger->getDefaultDisplayDevice());
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!outputLayer);
         auto& state = outputLayer->editState();
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!outputLayer->getState().hwc);
         (*state.hwc).hwcCompositionType = type;
     }
 
-    static void setLayerPotentialCursor(const sp<Layer>& layer, bool potentialCursor) {
-        layer->mPotentialCursor = potentialCursor;
-    }
-
     static void setLayerDrawingParent(const sp<Layer>& layer, const sp<Layer>& drawingParent) {
         layer->mDrawingParent = drawingParent;
     }
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@
             targets.try_emplace(id, &frameTargeter.target());
             targeters.try_emplace(id, &frameTargeter);
         }
-
+        mFlinger->setTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded);
         mFlinger->commit(displayId, targets);
 
         if (composite) {
@@ -505,10 +506,9 @@
                                           captureResults, displayState, layers, layerFEs);
     }
 
-    auto traverseLayersInLayerStack(ui::LayerStack layerStack, int32_t uid,
-                                    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> excludeLayerIds,
-                                    const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
-        return mFlinger->traverseLayersInLayerStack(layerStack, uid, excludeLayerIds, visitor);
+    auto getLayerSnapshotsForScreenshotsFn(ui::LayerStack layerStack, uint32_t uid) {
+        return mFlinger->getLayerSnapshotsForScreenshots(layerStack, uid,
+                                                         std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{});
     }
 
     auto getDisplayNativePrimaries(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
@@ -620,6 +620,18 @@
         mFlinger->mNewLayers.emplace_back(std::move(layer));
     }
 
+    // Used to add a layer before updateLayerSnapshots is called.
+    // Must have transactionsFlushed enabled for the new layer to be updated.
+    void addLayer(uint32_t layerId) {
+        std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lock(mFlinger->mCreatedLayersLock);
+        LayerCreationArgs args(std::make_optional(layerId));
+        args.flinger = this->mFlinger.get();
+        auto layer = std::make_unique<frontend::RequestedLayerState>(args);
+        auto legacyLayer = sp<Layer>::make(args);
+        injectLegacyLayer(legacyLayer);
+        mFlinger->mNewLayers.emplace_back(std::move(layer));
+    }
+
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Read-only access to private data to assert post-conditions.
      */
@@ -637,12 +649,24 @@
     void injectLegacyLayer(sp<Layer> layer) {
         FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext,
                        mFlinger->mLegacyLayers[static_cast<uint32_t>(layer->sequence)] = layer);
-    };
+    }
 
     void releaseLegacyLayer(uint32_t sequence) {
         FTL_FAKE_GUARD(kMainThreadContext, mFlinger->mLegacyLayers.erase(sequence));
+    }
+
+    auto getLegacyLayer(uint32_t layerId) {
+        ftl::FakeGuard guard(kMainThreadContext);
+        return mFlinger->mLegacyLayers[layerId];
     };
 
+    void destroyAllLayerHandles() {
+        ftl::FakeGuard guard(kMainThreadContext);
+        for (auto [layerId, legacyLayer] : mFlinger->mLegacyLayers) {
+            mFlinger->onHandleDestroyed(nullptr, legacyLayer, layerId);
+        }
+    }
+
     auto setLayerHistoryDisplayArea(uint32_t displayArea) {
         return mFlinger->mScheduler->onActiveDisplayAreaChanged(displayArea);
     };
@@ -709,10 +733,6 @@
         return mFlinger->initTransactionTraceWriter();
     }
 
-    // Needed since mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled is false by default and must
-    // be enabled for tests to go through the new front end path.
-    void enableLayerLifecycleManager() { mFlinger->mLayerLifecycleManagerEnabled = true; }
-
     void notifyExpectedPresentIfRequired(PhysicalDisplayId displayId, Period vsyncPeriod,
                                          TimePoint expectedPresentTime, Fps frameInterval,
                                          std::optional<Period> timeoutOpt) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
index 7fb9247..e13fe49 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TransactionApplicationTest.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "TransactionApplicationTest"
 
+#include <binder/Binder.h>
 #include <common/test/FlagUtils.h>
 #include <compositionengine/Display.h>
 #include <compositionengine/mock/DisplaySurface.h>
@@ -26,10 +27,10 @@
 #include <gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h>
 #include <gui/fake/BufferData.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <renderengine/mock/RenderEngine.h>
 #include <ui/MockFence.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <vector>
-#include <binder/Binder.h>
 
 #include "FrontEnd/TransactionHandler.h"
 #include "TestableSurfaceFlinger.h"
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@
 
         mFlinger.setupComposer(std::make_unique<Hwc2::mock::Composer>());
         mFlinger.setupMockScheduler();
+        mFlinger.setupRenderEngine(std::unique_ptr<renderengine::RenderEngine>(mRenderEngine));
         mFlinger.flinger()->addTransactionReadyFilters();
     }
 
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@
     }
 
     TestableSurfaceFlinger mFlinger;
+    renderengine::mock::RenderEngine* mRenderEngine = new renderengine::mock::RenderEngine();
 
     struct TransactionInfo {
         Vector<ComposerState> states;
@@ -323,15 +326,17 @@
     transaction1.states[0].state.bufferData =
             std::make_shared<fake::BufferData>(/* bufferId */ 1, /* width */ 1, /* height */ 1,
                                                /* pixelFormat */ 0, /* outUsage */ 0);
+    mFlinger.addLayer(1);
+    bool out;
+    mFlinger.updateLayerSnapshots(VsyncId{1}, 0, /* transactionsFlushed */ true, out);
     transaction1.states[0].externalTexture =
             std::make_shared<FakeExternalTexture>(*transaction1.states[0].state.bufferData);
-    transaction1.states[0].state.surface =
-            sp<Layer>::make(LayerCreationArgs(mFlinger.flinger(), nullptr, "TestLayer", 0, {}))
-                    ->getHandle();
+    transaction1.states[0].state.surface = mFlinger.getLegacyLayer(1)->getHandle();
     auto fence = sp<mock::MockFence>::make();
     EXPECT_CALL(*fence, getStatus()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Fence::Status::Unsignaled));
     transaction1.states[0].state.bufferData->acquireFence = std::move(fence);
     transaction1.states[0].state.bufferData->flags = BufferData::BufferDataChange::fenceChanged;
+    transaction1.states[0].layerId = 1;
     transaction1.isAutoTimestamp = true;
 
     // Transaction 2 should be ready to be applied.
@@ -361,8 +366,7 @@
         }
         mFlinger.getPendingTransactionQueue().clear();
         mFlinger.commitTransactionsLocked(eTransactionMask);
-        mFlinger.mutableCurrentState().layersSortedByZ.clear();
-        mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().layersSortedByZ.clear();
+        mFlinger.destroyAllLayerHandles();
     }
 
     static sp<Fence> fence(Fence::Status status) {
@@ -371,8 +375,7 @@
         return fence;
     }
 
-    ComposerState createComposerState(int layerId, sp<Fence> fence, uint64_t what,
-                                      std::optional<sp<IBinder>> layerHandle = std::nullopt) {
+    ComposerState createComposerState(int layerId, sp<Fence> fence, uint64_t what) {
         ComposerState state;
         state.state.bufferData =
                 std::make_shared<fake::BufferData>(/* bufferId */ 123L, /* width */ 1,
@@ -380,9 +383,6 @@
                                                    /* outUsage */ 0);
         state.state.bufferData->acquireFence = std::move(fence);
         state.state.layerId = layerId;
-        state.state.surface = layerHandle.value_or(
-                sp<Layer>::make(LayerCreationArgs(mFlinger.flinger(), nullptr, "TestLayer", 0, {}))
-                        ->getHandle());
         state.state.bufferData->flags = BufferData::BufferDataChange::fenceChanged;
 
         state.state.what = what;
@@ -418,6 +418,19 @@
                               size_t expectedTransactionsPending) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(mFlinger.getTransactionQueue().isEmpty());
         EXPECT_EQ(0u, mFlinger.getPendingTransactionQueue().size());
+        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> createdLayers;
+        for (auto transaction : transactions) {
+            for (auto& state : transaction.states) {
+                auto layerId = static_cast<uint32_t>(state.state.layerId);
+                if (createdLayers.find(layerId) == createdLayers.end()) {
+                    mFlinger.addLayer(layerId);
+                    createdLayers.insert(layerId);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        bool unused;
+        bool mustComposite = mFlinger.updateLayerSnapshots(VsyncId{1}, /*frameTimeNs=*/0,
+                                                           /*transactionsFlushed=*/true, unused);
 
         for (auto transaction : transactions) {
             std::vector<ResolvedComposerState> resolvedStates;
@@ -427,6 +440,9 @@
                 resolvedState.state = std::move(state.state);
                 resolvedState.externalTexture =
                         std::make_shared<FakeExternalTexture>(*resolvedState.state.bufferData);
+                resolvedState.layerId = static_cast<uint32_t>(state.state.layerId);
+                resolvedState.state.surface =
+                        mFlinger.getLegacyLayer(resolvedState.layerId)->getHandle();
                 resolvedStates.emplace_back(resolvedState);
             }
 
@@ -458,9 +474,8 @@
 TEST_F(LatchUnsignaledAutoSingleLayerTest, Flush_RemovesSingleSignaledFromTheQueue) {
     const sp<IBinder> kApplyToken =
             IInterface::asBinder(TransactionCompletedListener::getIInstance());
-    const auto kLayerId = 1;
+    const auto kLayerId = 10;
     const auto kExpectedTransactionsPending = 0u;
-
     const auto signaledTransaction =
             createTransactionInfo(kApplyToken,
                                   {createComposerState(kLayerId, fence(Fence::Status::Signaled),
@@ -773,7 +788,7 @@
 TEST_F(LatchUnsignaledDisabledTest, Flush_RemovesSignaledFromTheQueue) {
     const sp<IBinder> kApplyToken =
             IInterface::asBinder(TransactionCompletedListener::getIInstance());
-    const auto kLayerId = 1;
+    const auto kLayerId = 10;
     const auto kExpectedTransactionsPending = 0u;
 
     const auto signaledTransaction =
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
index 3b09554..b63f299 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
 #include <scheduler/Timer.h>
 
 #include "Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h"
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@
     bool isVSyncInPhase(nsecs_t, Fps) final { return false; }
     void setDisplayModePtr(ftl::NonNull<DisplayModePtr>) final {}
     void setRenderRate(Fps, bool) final {}
-    void onFrameBegin(TimePoint, TimePoint) final {}
+    void onFrameBegin(TimePoint, scheduler::FrameTime) final {}
     void onFrameMissed(TimePoint) final {}
     void dump(std::string&) const final {}
     bool isCurrentMode(const ftl::NonNull<DisplayModePtr>&) const final { return false; };
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
index f36a8a6..8690dba 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
@@ -901,17 +901,20 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(1000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(700));
     EXPECT_EQ(2000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1000));
 
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(2000), TimePoint::fromNs(1500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(2000),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(1500), TimePoint::fromNs(1500)});
     EXPECT_EQ(3500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2000, 2000));
     EXPECT_EQ(4500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(3500, 3500));
 
     // Miss when starting 4500 and expect the next vsync will be at 5000 (next one)
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(3500), TimePoint::fromNs(2500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(3500),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(2500), TimePoint::fromNs(2500)});
     vrrTracker.onFrameMissed(TimePoint::fromNs(4500));
     EXPECT_EQ(5000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(4500, 4500));
     EXPECT_EQ(6000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(5000, 5000));
 
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(7000), TimePoint::fromNs(6500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(7000),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(6500), TimePoint::fromNs(6500)});
     EXPECT_EQ(10500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(9000, 7000));
 }
 
@@ -943,7 +946,7 @@
 
     // SF starts to catch up
     EXPECT_EQ(3000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2700));
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(3000), TimePoint::fromNs(0));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(3000), {TimePoint::fromNs(0), TimePoint::fromNs(0)});
 
     // SF misses last frame (3000) and observes that when committing (4000)
     EXPECT_EQ(6000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(5000, 5000));
@@ -952,17 +955,20 @@
 
     // SF wakes up again instead of the (4000) missed frame
     EXPECT_EQ(4500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(4000, 4000));
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(4500), TimePoint::fromNs(4500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(4500),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(4500), TimePoint::fromNs(4500)});
 
     // Timeline shifted. The app needs to get the next frame at (7500) as its last frame (6500) will
     // be presented at (7500)
     EXPECT_EQ(7500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(6000, 6000));
     EXPECT_EQ(5500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(4500, 4500));
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(5500), TimePoint::fromNs(4500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(5500),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(4500), TimePoint::fromNs(4500)});
 
     EXPECT_EQ(8500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(7500, 7500));
     EXPECT_EQ(6500, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(5500, 5500));
-    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(6500), TimePoint::fromNs(5500));
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(6500),
+                            {TimePoint::fromNs(5500), TimePoint::fromNs(5500)});
 }
 
 TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, renderRateIsPreservedForCommittedVsyncs) {
@@ -1020,6 +1026,35 @@
     EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(9001), Eq(13000));
 }
 
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, timelineNotAdjustedForEarlyPresent) {
+    SET_FLAG_FOR_TEST(flags::vrr_config, true);
+
+    const int32_t kGroup = 0;
+    const auto kResolution = ui::Size(1920, 1080);
+    const auto refreshRate = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(500);
+    const auto minFrameRate = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(1000);
+    hal::VrrConfig vrrConfig;
+    vrrConfig.minFrameIntervalNs = minFrameRate.getPeriodNsecs();
+    const ftl::NonNull<DisplayModePtr> kMode =
+            ftl::as_non_null(createDisplayModeBuilder(DisplayModeId(0), refreshRate, kGroup,
+                                                      kResolution, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_ID)
+                                     .setVrrConfig(std::move(vrrConfig))
+                                     .build());
+
+    VSyncPredictor vrrTracker{std::make_unique<ClockWrapper>(mClock), kMode, kHistorySize,
+                              kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, kOutlierTolerancePercent};
+
+    vrrTracker.setRenderRate(minFrameRate, /*applyImmediately*/ false);
+    vrrTracker.addVsyncTimestamp(0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(700));
+
+    constexpr auto kLastConfirmedExpectedPresentTime = TimePoint::fromNs(1000);
+    constexpr auto kLastActualSignalTime = TimePoint::fromNs(700); // presented early
+    vrrTracker.onFrameBegin(TimePoint::fromNs(1400),
+                            {kLastActualSignalTime, kLastConfirmedExpectedPresentTime});
+    EXPECT_EQ(2000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(1400, 1000));
+    EXPECT_EQ(3000, vrrTracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(2000, 1000));
+}
 } // namespace android::scheduler
 
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
index 4f44d1b..8d6d1d3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockVSyncTracker.h
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 
+#include <scheduler/FrameTime.h>
+
 #include "Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h"
 
 namespace android::mock {
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@
     MOCK_METHOD(bool, isVSyncInPhase, (nsecs_t, Fps), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(void, setDisplayModePtr, (ftl::NonNull<DisplayModePtr>), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(void, setRenderRate, (Fps, bool), (override));
-    MOCK_METHOD(void, onFrameBegin, (TimePoint, TimePoint), (override));
+    MOCK_METHOD(void, onFrameBegin, (TimePoint, scheduler::FrameTime), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(void, onFrameMissed, (TimePoint), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(void, dump, (std::string&), (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(bool, isCurrentMode, (const ftl::NonNull<DisplayModePtr>&), (const, override));
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/Android.bp b/services/vibratorservice/Android.bp
index 503587f..4735ae5 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/Android.bp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/Android.bp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
         "libhidlbase",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.cpp b/services/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.cpp
index abe78f0..c97f401 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.cpp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::Effect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::EffectStrength;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::PrimitivePwle;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VendorEffect;
 
 using std::chrono::milliseconds;
 
@@ -96,6 +97,11 @@
     return mInfoCache.get();
 }
 
+HalResult<void> HalWrapper::performVendorEffect(const VendorEffect&, const std::function<void()>&) {
+    ALOGV("Skipped performVendorEffect because it's not available in Vibrator HAL");
+    return HalResult<void>::unsupported();
+}
+
 HalResult<milliseconds> HalWrapper::performComposedEffect(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>&,
                                                           const std::function<void()>&) {
     ALOGV("Skipped performComposedEffect because it's not available in Vibrator HAL");
@@ -271,6 +277,13 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+HalResult<void> AidlHalWrapper::performVendorEffect(
+        const VendorEffect& effect, const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) {
+    // This method should always support callbacks, so no need to double check.
+    auto cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<HalCallbackWrapper>(completionCallback);
+    return HalResultFactory::fromStatus(getHal()->performVendorEffect(effect, cb));
+}
+
 HalResult<milliseconds> AidlHalWrapper::performComposedEffect(
         const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& primitives,
         const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) {
@@ -351,7 +364,7 @@
         }
         if (halResult.isFailed()) {
             // Fail entire request if one request has failed.
-            return HalResult<std::vector<milliseconds>>::failed(status.getMessage());
+            return HalResult<std::vector<milliseconds>>::failed(halResult.errorMessage());
         }
         durations[primitiveIdx] = milliseconds(duration);
     }
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/benchmarks/Android.bp b/services/vibratorservice/benchmarks/Android.bp
index 5bb8ceb..915d6c7 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/benchmarks/Android.bp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/benchmarks/Android.bp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
         "libvibratorservice",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/include/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.h b/services/vibratorservice/include/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.h
index d4f7f1d..20979bd 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/include/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.h
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/include/vibratorservice/VibratorHalWrapper.h
@@ -349,6 +349,7 @@
 public:
     using Effect = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::Effect;
     using EffectStrength = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::EffectStrength;
+    using VendorEffect = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VendorEffect;
     using CompositePrimitive = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::CompositePrimitive;
     using CompositeEffect = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::CompositeEffect;
     using Braking = aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::Braking;
@@ -380,6 +381,9 @@
             Effect effect, EffectStrength strength,
             const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) = 0;
 
+    virtual HalResult<void> performVendorEffect(const VendorEffect& effect,
+                                                const std::function<void()>& completionCallback);
+
     virtual HalResult<std::chrono::milliseconds> performComposedEffect(
             const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& primitives,
             const std::function<void()>& completionCallback);
@@ -455,6 +459,10 @@
             Effect effect, EffectStrength strength,
             const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) override final;
 
+    HalResult<void> performVendorEffect(
+            const VendorEffect& effect,
+            const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) override final;
+
     HalResult<std::chrono::milliseconds> performComposedEffect(
             const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& primitives,
             const std::function<void()>& completionCallback) override final;
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/test/Android.bp b/services/vibratorservice/test/Android.bp
index cd05123..92527eb 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/test/Android.bp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/test/Android.bp
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
         "liblog",
         "libvibratorservice",
         "libutils",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest.cpp b/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest.cpp
index 91717f6..7bcc59a 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest.cpp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest"
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.h>
+#include <android/persistable_bundle_aidl.h>
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
@@ -38,6 +39,8 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibratorCallback;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::PrimitivePwle;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VendorEffect;
+using aidl::android::os::PersistableBundle;
 
 using namespace android;
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
@@ -489,6 +492,42 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, *callbackCounter.get());
 }
 
+TEST_F(VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest, TestPerformVendorEffect) {
+    PersistableBundle vendorData;
+    vendorData.putInt("key", 1);
+    VendorEffect vendorEffect;
+    vendorEffect.vendorData = vendorData;
+    vendorEffect.strength = EffectStrength::MEDIUM;
+    vendorEffect.scale = 0.5f;
+
+    {
+        InSequence seq;
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mMockHal.get(), performVendorEffect(_, _))
+                .Times(Exactly(3))
+                .WillOnce(Return(ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)))
+                .WillOnce(Return(ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_SECURITY)))
+                .WillOnce(DoAll(WithArg<1>(vibrator::TriggerCallback()),
+                                Return(ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok())));
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<int32_t> callbackCounter = std::make_unique<int32_t>();
+    auto callback = vibrator::TestFactory::createCountingCallback(callbackCounter.get());
+
+    auto result = mWrapper->performVendorEffect(vendorEffect, callback);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isUnsupported());
+    // Callback not triggered on failure
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, *callbackCounter.get());
+
+    result = mWrapper->performVendorEffect(vendorEffect, callback);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isFailed());
+    // Callback not triggered for unsupported
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, *callbackCounter.get());
+
+    result = mWrapper->performVendorEffect(vendorEffect, callback);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, *callbackCounter.get());
+}
+
 TEST_F(VibratorHalWrapperAidlTest, TestPerformComposedEffect) {
     std::vector<CompositePrimitive> supportedPrimitives = {CompositePrimitive::CLICK,
                                                            CompositePrimitive::SPIN,
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test.cpp b/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test.cpp
index dd59093..9a7c69d 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test.cpp
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/test/VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test"
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.h>
+#include <android/persistable_bundle_aidl.h>
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
@@ -39,6 +40,8 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::EffectStrength;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::PrimitivePwle;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VendorEffect;
+using aidl::android::os::PersistableBundle;
 
 using namespace android;
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
@@ -317,6 +320,22 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(0, *callbackCounter.get());
 }
 
+TEST_F(VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test, TestPerformVendorEffectUnsupported) {
+    PersistableBundle vendorData; // empty
+    VendorEffect vendorEffect;
+    vendorEffect.vendorData = vendorData;
+    vendorEffect.strength = EffectStrength::LIGHT;
+    vendorEffect.scale = 1.0f;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<int32_t> callbackCounter = std::make_unique<int32_t>();
+    auto callback = vibrator::TestFactory::createCountingCallback(callbackCounter.get());
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mWrapper->performVendorEffect(vendorEffect, callback).isUnsupported());
+
+    // No callback is triggered.
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, *callbackCounter.get());
+}
+
 TEST_F(VibratorHalWrapperHidlV1_0Test, TestPerformComposedEffectUnsupported) {
     std::vector<CompositeEffect> emptyEffects, singleEffect, multipleEffects;
     singleEffect.push_back(
diff --git a/services/vibratorservice/test/test_mocks.h b/services/vibratorservice/test/test_mocks.h
index 7882186..2f9451e 100644
--- a/services/vibratorservice/test/test_mocks.h
+++ b/services/vibratorservice/test/test_mocks.h
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibratorCallback;
 using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::PrimitivePwle;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VendorEffect;
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@
                 (Effect e, EffectStrength s, const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& cb,
                  int32_t* ret),
                 (override));
+    MOCK_METHOD(ndk::ScopedAStatus, performVendorEffect,
+                (const VendorEffect& e, const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& cb), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(ndk::ScopedAStatus, getSupportedEffects, (std::vector<Effect> * ret), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(ndk::ScopedAStatus, setAmplitude, (float amplitude), (override));
     MOCK_METHOD(ndk::ScopedAStatus, setExternalControl, (bool enabled), (override));