diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 9ba4819..942c16c 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -305,8 +305,9 @@
 
 /*
  * Returns a vector of dump fds under |dir_path| with a given |file_prefix|.
- * The returned vector is sorted by the mtimes of the dumps. If |limit_by_mtime|
- * is set, the vector only contains files that were written in the last 30 minutes.
+ * The returned vector is sorted by the mtimes of the dumps with descending
+ * order. If |limit_by_mtime| is set, the vector only contains files that
+ * were written in the last 30 minutes.
  */
 static std::vector<DumpData> GetDumpFds(const std::string& dir_path,
                                         const std::string& file_prefix,
@@ -353,6 +354,10 @@
 
         dump_data.emplace_back(DumpData{abs_path, std::move(fd), st.st_mtime});
     }
+    if (!dump_data.empty()) {
+        std::sort(dump_data.begin(), dump_data.end(),
+            [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.mtime > b.mtime; });
+    }
 
     return dump_data;
 }
@@ -1362,6 +1367,46 @@
     printf("\n");
 }
 
+static void DumpstateLimitedOnly() {
+    // Trimmed-down version of dumpstate to only include a whitelisted
+    // set of logs (system log, event log, and system server / system app
+    // crashes, and networking logs). See b/136273873 and b/138459828
+    // for context.
+    DurationReporter duration_reporter("DUMPSTATE");
+    unsigned long timeout_ms;
+    // calculate timeout
+    timeout_ms = logcat_timeout({"main", "system", "crash"});
+    RunCommand("SYSTEM LOG",
+               {"logcat", "-v", "threadtime", "-v", "printable", "-v", "uid", "-d", "*:v"},
+               CommandOptions::WithTimeoutInMs(timeout_ms).Build());
+    timeout_ms = logcat_timeout({"events"});
+    RunCommand(
+        "EVENT LOG",
+        {"logcat", "-b", "events", "-v", "threadtime", "-v", "printable", "-v", "uid", "-d", "*:v"},
+        CommandOptions::WithTimeoutInMs(timeout_ms).Build());
+
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+    printf("== Networking Service\n");
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+
+    RunDumpsys("DUMPSYS NETWORK_SERVICE_LIMITED", {"wifi", "-a"},
+               CommandOptions::WithTimeout(90).Build(), SEC_TO_MSEC(10));
+
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+    printf("== Dropbox crashes\n");
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+
+    RunDumpsys("DROPBOX SYSTEM SERVER CRASHES", {"dropbox", "-p", "system_server_crash"});
+    RunDumpsys("DROPBOX SYSTEM APP CRASHES", {"dropbox", "-p", "system_app_crash"});
+
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+    printf("== Final progress (pid %d): %d/%d (estimated %d)\n", ds.pid_, ds.progress_->Get(),
+           ds.progress_->GetMax(), ds.progress_->GetInitialMax());
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+    printf("== dumpstate: done (id %d)\n", ds.id_);
+    printf("========================================================\n");
+}
+
 // Dumps various things. Returns early with status USER_CONSENT_DENIED if user denies consent
 // via the consent they are shown. Ignores other errors that occur while running various
 // commands. The consent checking is currently done around long running tasks, which happen to
@@ -2048,7 +2093,7 @@
 static void ShowUsage() {
     fprintf(stderr,
             "usage: dumpstate [-h] [-b soundfile] [-e soundfile] [-d] [-p] "
-            "[-z] [-s] [-S] [-q] [-P] [-R] [-V version]\n"
+            "[-z] [-s] [-S] [-q] [-P] [-R] [-L] [-V version]\n"
             "  -h: display this help message\n"
             "  -b: play sound file instead of vibrate, at beginning of job\n"
             "  -e: play sound file instead of vibrate, at end of job\n"
@@ -2061,6 +2106,7 @@
             "  -P: send broadcast when started and do progress updates\n"
             "  -R: take bugreport in remote mode (requires -z and -d, shouldn't be used with -P)\n"
             "  -w: start binder service and make it wait for a call to startBugreport\n"
+            "  -L: output limited information that is safe for submission in feedback reports\n"
             "  -v: prints the dumpstate header and exit\n");
 }
 
@@ -2306,13 +2352,12 @@
         "do_zip_file: %d do_vibrate: %d use_socket: %d use_control_socket: %d do_screenshot: %d "
         "is_remote_mode: %d show_header_only: %d do_start_service: %d telephony_only: %d "
         "wifi_only: %d do_progress_updates: %d fd: %d bugreport_mode: %s dumpstate_hal_mode: %s "
-        "args: %s\n",
+        "limited_only: %d args: %s\n",
         options.do_zip_file, options.do_vibrate, options.use_socket, options.use_control_socket,
         options.do_screenshot, options.is_remote_mode, options.show_header_only,
-        options.do_start_service,
-        options.telephony_only, options.wifi_only, options.do_progress_updates,
-        options.bugreport_fd.get(), options.bugreport_mode.c_str(),
-        toString(options.dumpstate_hal_mode).c_str(), options.args.c_str());
+        options.do_start_service, options.telephony_only, options.wifi_only,
+        options.do_progress_updates, options.bugreport_fd.get(), options.bugreport_mode.c_str(),
+        toString(options.dumpstate_hal_mode).c_str(), options.limited_only, options.args.c_str());
 }
 
 void Dumpstate::DumpOptions::Initialize(BugreportMode bugreport_mode,
@@ -2334,7 +2379,7 @@
 Dumpstate::RunStatus Dumpstate::DumpOptions::Initialize(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     RunStatus status = RunStatus::OK;
     int c;
-    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dho:svqzpPBRSV:w")) != -1) {
+    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dho:svqzpLPBRSV:w")) != -1) {
         switch (c) {
             // clang-format off
             case 'd': do_add_date = true;            break;
@@ -2346,6 +2391,7 @@
             case 'p': do_screenshot = true;          break;
             case 'P': do_progress_updates = true;    break;
             case 'R': is_remote_mode = true;         break;
+            case 'L': limited_only = true;           break;
             case 'V':                                break;  // compatibility no-op
             case 'w':
                 // This was already processed
@@ -2630,6 +2676,7 @@
     // duration is logged into MYLOG instead.
     PrintHeader();
 
+    // TODO(b/158737089) reduce code repetition in if branches
     if (options_->telephony_only) {
         MaybeTakeEarlyScreenshot();
         onUiIntensiveBugreportDumpsFinished(calling_uid, calling_package);
@@ -2641,6 +2688,11 @@
         onUiIntensiveBugreportDumpsFinished(calling_uid, calling_package);
         MaybeCheckUserConsent(calling_uid, calling_package);
         DumpstateWifiOnly();
+    } else if (options_->limited_only) {
+        MaybeTakeEarlyScreenshot();
+        onUiIntensiveBugreportDumpsFinished(calling_uid, calling_package);
+        MaybeCheckUserConsent(calling_uid, calling_package);
+        DumpstateLimitedOnly();
     } else {
         // Invoke critical dumpsys first to preserve system state, before doing anything else.
         RunDumpsysCritical();
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
index 28d8936..dc0848a 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
@@ -377,6 +377,8 @@
         bool do_start_service = false;
         bool telephony_only = false;
         bool wifi_only = false;
+        // Trimmed-down version of dumpstate to only include whitelisted logs.
+        bool limited_only = false;
         // Whether progress updates should be published.
         bool do_progress_updates = false;
         // The mode we'll use when calling IDumpstateDevice::dumpstateBoard.
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/main.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/main.cpp
index 68d3733..ec89c0d 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/main.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/main.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     bool do_wait = false;
     int c;
     // Keep flags in sync with Dumpstate::DumpOptions::Initialize.
-    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "wdho:svqzpPBRSV:")) != -1 && !do_wait) {
+    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dho:svqzpLPBRSV:w")) != -1 && !do_wait) {
         switch (c) {
             case 'w':
                 do_wait = true;
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
index 9871a3b..e94e51c 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -231,6 +233,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -249,6 +252,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_start_service);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeInteractiveBugReport) {
@@ -266,6 +270,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeRemoteBugReport) {
@@ -282,6 +287,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeWearBugReport) {
@@ -299,6 +305,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeTelephonyBugReport) {
@@ -316,6 +323,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeWifiBugReport) {
@@ -333,6 +341,37 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
+}
+
+TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeLimitedOnlyBugreport) {
+    // clang-format off
+    char* argv[] = {
+        const_cast<char*>("dumpstatez"),
+        const_cast<char*>("-S"),
+        const_cast<char*>("-d"),
+        const_cast<char*>("-z"),
+        const_cast<char*>("-q"),
+        const_cast<char*>("-L")
+    };
+    // clang-format on
+
+    Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_vibrate);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.limited_only);
+
+    // Other options retain default values
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeDefaultBugReport) {
@@ -361,6 +400,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.wifi_only);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializePartial1) {
@@ -390,6 +430,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -419,6 +460,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
index 7d1c1ad..b9c1add 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
@@ -1074,6 +1074,7 @@
             res = error(rc, "Failed copying " + from_ce + " to " + to_ce);
             return res;
         }
+        delete_dir_contents_and_dir(from_ce, true /* ignore_if_missing */);
     }
 
     if (needs_de_rollback) {
@@ -1090,6 +1091,7 @@
             res = error(rc, "Failed copying " + from_de + " to " + to_de);
             return res;
         }
+        delete_dir_contents_and_dir(from_de, true /* ignore_if_missing */);
     }
 
     // Finally, restore the SELinux label on the app data.
diff --git a/include/input/InputApplication.h b/include/input/InputApplication.h
index 7f04611..86de394 100644
--- a/include/input/InputApplication.h
+++ b/include/input/InputApplication.h
@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@
         return mInfo.token ? mInfo.dispatchingTimeout : defaultValue;
     }
 
+    inline std::chrono::nanoseconds getDispatchingTimeout(
+            std::chrono::nanoseconds defaultValue) const {
+        return mInfo.token ? std::chrono::nanoseconds(mInfo.dispatchingTimeout) : defaultValue;
+    }
+
     inline sp<IBinder> getApplicationToken() const {
         return mInfo.token;
     }
diff --git a/include/input/InputWindow.h b/include/input/InputWindow.h
index c5e56fd..2dac5b6 100644
--- a/include/input/InputWindow.h
+++ b/include/input/InputWindow.h
@@ -222,6 +222,11 @@
         return mInfo.token ? mInfo.dispatchingTimeout : defaultValue;
     }
 
+    inline std::chrono::nanoseconds getDispatchingTimeout(
+            std::chrono::nanoseconds defaultValue) const {
+        return mInfo.token ? std::chrono::nanoseconds(mInfo.dispatchingTimeout) : defaultValue;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Requests that the state of this object be updated to reflect
      * the most current available information about the application.
diff --git a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
index 2a27a9a..e62a61f 100644
--- a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
@@ -691,8 +691,7 @@
         return result;
     }
 
-    virtual status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) const
-    {
+    virtual status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) {
         if (!outLayers) {
             return UNEXPECTED_NULL;
         }
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
index 0d33b3f..b49fa1b 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
      *
      * Requires the ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER permission.
      */
-    virtual status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) const = 0;
+    virtual status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) = 0;
 
     virtual status_t getColorManagement(bool* outGetColorManagement) const = 0;
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
index 6366529..3afbabf 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(SurfaceComposerClient)
 
     // flags for createSurface()
-    enum { // (keep in sync with Surface.java)
+    enum { // (keep in sync with SurfaceControl.java)
         eHidden = 0x00000004,
         eDestroyBackbuffer = 0x00000020,
         eSecure = 0x00000080,
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
         eProtectedByApp = 0x00000800,
         eProtectedByDRM = 0x00001000,
         eCursorWindow = 0x00002000,
+        eNoColorFill = 0x00004000,
 
         eFXSurfaceBufferQueue = 0x00000000,
         eFXSurfaceEffect = 0x00020000,
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
index a1d12a5..c2b4ef9 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
     status_t injectVSync(nsecs_t /*when*/) override { return NO_ERROR; }
-    status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* /*layers*/) const override {
+    status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* /*layers*/) override {
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
     status_t getCompositionPreference(
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/include/android/native_window.h b/libs/nativewindow/include/android/native_window.h
index 25130e2..36aad2e 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/include/android/native_window.h
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/include/android/native_window.h
@@ -236,7 +236,11 @@
 /** Compatibility value for ANativeWindow_setFrameRate. */
 enum ANativeWindow_FrameRateCompatibility {
     /**
-     * There are no inherent restrictions on the frame rate of this window.
+     * There are no inherent restrictions on the frame rate of this window. When
+     * the system selects a frame rate other than what the app requested, the
+     * app will be able to run at the system frame rate without requiring pull
+     * down. This value should be used when displaying game content, UIs, and
+     * anything that isn't video.
      */
     ANATIVEWINDOW_FRAME_RATE_COMPATIBILITY_DEFAULT = 0,
     /**
@@ -246,7 +250,7 @@
      * to do pull down or use some other technique to adapt to the system's
      * frame rate. The user experience is likely to be worse (e.g. more frame
      * stuttering) than it would be if the system had chosen the app's requested
-     * frame rate.
+     * frame rate. This value should be used for video content.
      */
     ANATIVEWINDOW_FRAME_RATE_COMPATIBILITY_FIXED_SOURCE = 1
 };
diff --git a/services/automotive/display/android.frameworks.automotive.display@1.0-service.rc b/services/automotive/display/android.frameworks.automotive.display@1.0-service.rc
index ffb7b5e..5c7f344 100644
--- a/services/automotive/display/android.frameworks.automotive.display@1.0-service.rc
+++ b/services/automotive/display/android.frameworks.automotive.display@1.0-service.rc
@@ -2,4 +2,3 @@
     class hal
     user graphics
     group automotive_evs
-    disabled  # will not automatically start with its class; must be explicitly started.
diff --git a/services/gpuservice/GpuService.cpp b/services/gpuservice/GpuService.cpp
index 7bb0e4a..f40ce71 100644
--- a/services/gpuservice/GpuService.cpp
+++ b/services/gpuservice/GpuService.cpp
@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@
         size_t numArgs = args.size();
 
         if (numArgs) {
-            dumpAll = false;
             for (size_t index = 0; index < numArgs; ++index) {
                 if (args[index] == String16("--gpustats")) {
                     dumpStats = true;
@@ -102,6 +101,7 @@
                     dumpDriverInfo = true;
                 }
             }
+            dumpAll = !(dumpDriverInfo || dumpStats);
         }
 
         if (dumpAll || dumpDriverInfo) {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
index a1eb007..21c8ae1 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
@@ -102,6 +102,12 @@
     releaseInjectionState();
 }
 
+std::string EventEntry::getDescription() const {
+    std::string result;
+    appendDescription(result);
+    return result;
+}
+
 void EventEntry::release() {
     refCount -= 1;
     if (refCount == 0) {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
index ab481bd..a135409 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@
 
     virtual void appendDescription(std::string& msg) const = 0;
 
+    std::string getDescription() const;
+
 protected:
     EventEntry(int32_t id, Type type, nsecs_t eventTime, uint32_t policyFlags);
     virtual ~EventEntry();
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
index a21d1eb..8dddd6d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 
 // Default input dispatching timeout if there is no focused application or paused window
 // from which to determine an appropriate dispatching timeout.
-constexpr nsecs_t DEFAULT_INPUT_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT = 5000 * 1000000LL; // 5 sec
+constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds DEFAULT_INPUT_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT = 5s;
 
 // Amount of time to allow for all pending events to be processed when an app switch
 // key is on the way.  This is used to preempt input dispatch and drop input events
@@ -1295,11 +1295,9 @@
         }
     } else {
         if (mInputTargetWaitCause != INPUT_TARGET_WAIT_CAUSE_APPLICATION_NOT_READY) {
-            if (DEBUG_FOCUS) {
-                ALOGD("Waiting for application to become ready for input: %s.  Reason: %s",
-                      getApplicationWindowLabel(applicationHandle, windowHandle).c_str(), reason);
-            }
-            nsecs_t timeout;
+            ALOGI("Waiting for application to become ready for input: %s.  Reason: %s",
+                  getApplicationWindowLabel(applicationHandle, windowHandle).c_str(), reason);
+            std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout;
             if (windowHandle != nullptr) {
                 timeout = windowHandle->getDispatchingTimeout(DEFAULT_INPUT_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT);
             } else if (applicationHandle != nullptr) {
@@ -1311,7 +1309,7 @@
 
             mInputTargetWaitCause = INPUT_TARGET_WAIT_CAUSE_APPLICATION_NOT_READY;
             mInputTargetWaitStartTime = currentTime;
-            mInputTargetWaitTimeoutTime = currentTime + timeout;
+            mInputTargetWaitTimeoutTime = currentTime + timeout.count();
             mInputTargetWaitTimeoutExpired = false;
             mInputTargetWaitApplicationToken.clear();
 
@@ -1353,10 +1351,10 @@
 }
 
 void InputDispatcher::resumeAfterTargetsNotReadyTimeoutLocked(
-        nsecs_t newTimeout, const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) {
-    if (newTimeout > 0) {
+        nsecs_t timeoutExtension, const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) {
+    if (timeoutExtension > 0) {
         // Extend the timeout.
-        mInputTargetWaitTimeoutTime = now() + newTimeout;
+        mInputTargetWaitTimeoutTime = now() + timeoutExtension;
     } else {
         // Give up.
         mInputTargetWaitTimeoutExpired = true;
@@ -3642,7 +3640,8 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (oldHandlesById.find(handle->getId()) != oldHandlesById.end()) {
+        if ((oldHandlesById.find(handle->getId()) != oldHandlesById.end()) &&
+                (oldHandlesById.at(handle->getId())->getToken() == handle->getToken())) {
             const sp<InputWindowHandle>& oldHandle = oldHandlesById.at(handle->getId());
             oldHandle->updateFrom(handle);
             newHandles.push_back(oldHandle);
@@ -4048,11 +4047,12 @@
             const int32_t displayId = it.first;
             const sp<InputApplicationHandle>& applicationHandle = it.second;
             dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "displayId=%" PRId32
-                                         ", name='%s', dispatchingTimeout=%0.3fms\n",
+                                         ", name='%s', dispatchingTimeout=%" PRId64 "ms\n",
                                  displayId, applicationHandle->getName().c_str(),
-                                 applicationHandle->getDispatchingTimeout(
-                                         DEFAULT_INPUT_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT) /
-                                         1000000.0);
+                                 ns2ms(applicationHandle
+                                               ->getDispatchingTimeout(
+                                                       DEFAULT_INPUT_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT)
+                                               .count()));
         }
     } else {
         dump += StringPrintf(INDENT "FocusedApplications: <none>\n");
@@ -4132,9 +4132,10 @@
                                          windowInfo->windowXScale, windowInfo->windowYScale);
                     dumpRegion(dump, windowInfo->touchableRegion);
                     dump += StringPrintf(", inputFeatures=0x%08x", windowInfo->inputFeatures);
-                    dump += StringPrintf(", ownerPid=%d, ownerUid=%d, dispatchingTimeout=%0.3fms\n",
+                    dump += StringPrintf(", ownerPid=%d, ownerUid=%d, dispatchingTimeout=%" PRId64
+                                         "ms\n",
                                          windowInfo->ownerPid, windowInfo->ownerUid,
-                                         windowInfo->dispatchingTimeout / 1000000.0);
+                                         ns2ms(windowInfo->dispatchingTimeout));
                 }
             } else {
                 dump += INDENT2 "Windows: <none>\n";
@@ -4167,7 +4168,7 @@
         for (EventEntry* entry : mRecentQueue) {
             dump += INDENT2;
             entry->appendDescription(dump);
-            dump += StringPrintf(", age=%0.1fms\n", (currentTime - entry->eventTime) * 0.000001f);
+            dump += StringPrintf(", age=%" PRId64 "ms\n", ns2ms(currentTime - entry->eventTime));
         }
     } else {
         dump += INDENT "RecentQueue: <empty>\n";
@@ -4178,8 +4179,8 @@
         dump += INDENT "PendingEvent:\n";
         dump += INDENT2;
         mPendingEvent->appendDescription(dump);
-        dump += StringPrintf(", age=%0.1fms\n",
-                             (currentTime - mPendingEvent->eventTime) * 0.000001f);
+        dump += StringPrintf(", age=%" PRId64 "ms\n",
+                             ns2ms(currentTime - mPendingEvent->eventTime));
     } else {
         dump += INDENT "PendingEvent: <none>\n";
     }
@@ -4190,7 +4191,7 @@
         for (EventEntry* entry : mInboundQueue) {
             dump += INDENT2;
             entry->appendDescription(dump);
-            dump += StringPrintf(", age=%0.1fms\n", (currentTime - entry->eventTime) * 0.000001f);
+            dump += StringPrintf(", age=%" PRId64 "ms\n", ns2ms(currentTime - entry->eventTime));
         }
     } else {
         dump += INDENT "InboundQueue: <empty>\n";
@@ -4225,9 +4226,10 @@
                 for (DispatchEntry* entry : connection->outboundQueue) {
                     dump.append(INDENT4);
                     entry->eventEntry->appendDescription(dump);
-                    dump += StringPrintf(", targetFlags=0x%08x, resolvedAction=%d, age=%0.1fms\n",
+                    dump += StringPrintf(", targetFlags=0x%08x, resolvedAction=%d, age=%" PRId64
+                                         "ms\n",
                                          entry->targetFlags, entry->resolvedAction,
-                                         (currentTime - entry->eventEntry->eventTime) * 0.000001f);
+                                         ns2ms(currentTime - entry->eventEntry->eventTime));
                 }
             } else {
                 dump += INDENT3 "OutboundQueue: <empty>\n";
@@ -4240,10 +4242,10 @@
                     dump += INDENT4;
                     entry->eventEntry->appendDescription(dump);
                     dump += StringPrintf(", targetFlags=0x%08x, resolvedAction=%d, "
-                                         "age=%0.1fms, wait=%0.1fms\n",
+                                         "age=%" PRId64 "ms, wait=%" PRId64 "ms\n",
                                          entry->targetFlags, entry->resolvedAction,
-                                         (currentTime - entry->eventEntry->eventTime) * 0.000001f,
-                                         (currentTime - entry->deliveryTime) * 0.000001f);
+                                         ns2ms(currentTime - entry->eventEntry->eventTime),
+                                         ns2ms(currentTime - entry->deliveryTime));
                 }
             } else {
                 dump += INDENT3 "WaitQueue: <empty>\n";
@@ -4254,16 +4256,16 @@
     }
 
     if (isAppSwitchPendingLocked()) {
-        dump += StringPrintf(INDENT "AppSwitch: pending, due in %0.1fms\n",
-                             (mAppSwitchDueTime - now()) / 1000000.0);
+        dump += StringPrintf(INDENT "AppSwitch: pending, due in %" PRId64 "ms\n",
+                             ns2ms(mAppSwitchDueTime - now()));
     } else {
         dump += INDENT "AppSwitch: not pending\n";
     }
 
     dump += INDENT "Configuration:\n";
-    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "KeyRepeatDelay: %0.1fms\n", mConfig.keyRepeatDelay * 0.000001f);
-    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "KeyRepeatTimeout: %0.1fms\n",
-                         mConfig.keyRepeatTimeout * 0.000001f);
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "KeyRepeatDelay: %" PRId64 "ms\n", ns2ms(mConfig.keyRepeatDelay));
+    dump += StringPrintf(INDENT2 "KeyRepeatTimeout: %" PRId64 "ms\n",
+                         ns2ms(mConfig.keyRepeatTimeout));
 }
 
 void InputDispatcher::dumpMonitors(std::string& dump, const std::vector<Monitor>& monitors) {
@@ -4365,8 +4367,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    [[maybe_unused]] const bool removed = removeByValue(mConnectionsByFd, connection);
-    ALOG_ASSERT(removed);
+    removeConnectionLocked(connection);
     mInputChannelsByToken.erase(inputChannel->getConnectionToken());
 
     if (connection->monitor) {
@@ -4468,7 +4469,7 @@
     return std::nullopt;
 }
 
-sp<Connection> InputDispatcher::getConnectionLocked(const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) {
+sp<Connection> InputDispatcher::getConnectionLocked(const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) const {
     if (inputConnectionToken == nullptr) {
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -4483,6 +4484,10 @@
     return nullptr;
 }
 
+void InputDispatcher::removeConnectionLocked(const sp<Connection>& connection) {
+    removeByValue(mConnectionsByFd, connection);
+}
+
 void InputDispatcher::onDispatchCycleFinishedLocked(nsecs_t currentTime,
                                                     const sp<Connection>& connection, uint32_t seq,
                                                     bool handled) {
@@ -4587,12 +4592,12 @@
             commandEntry->inputChannel ? commandEntry->inputChannel->getConnectionToken() : nullptr;
     mLock.unlock();
 
-    nsecs_t newTimeout =
+    const nsecs_t timeoutExtension =
             mPolicy->notifyAnr(commandEntry->inputApplicationHandle, token, commandEntry->reason);
 
     mLock.lock();
 
-    resumeAfterTargetsNotReadyTimeoutLocked(newTimeout, token);
+    resumeAfterTargetsNotReadyTimeoutLocked(timeoutExtension, token);
 }
 
 void InputDispatcher::doInterceptKeyBeforeDispatchingLockedInterruptible(
@@ -4647,11 +4652,8 @@
 
     const nsecs_t eventDuration = finishTime - dispatchEntry->deliveryTime;
     if (eventDuration > SLOW_EVENT_PROCESSING_WARNING_TIMEOUT) {
-        std::string msg =
-                StringPrintf("Window '%s' spent %0.1fms processing the last input event: ",
-                             connection->getWindowName().c_str(), eventDuration * 0.000001f);
-        dispatchEntry->eventEntry->appendDescription(msg);
-        ALOGI("%s", msg.c_str());
+        ALOGI("%s spent %" PRId64 "ms processing %s", connection->getWindowName().c_str(),
+              ns2ms(eventDuration), dispatchEntry->eventEntry->getDescription().c_str());
     }
     reportDispatchStatistics(std::chrono::nanoseconds(eventDuration), *connection, handled);
 
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
index 89b5089..ff7be87 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h
@@ -197,6 +197,11 @@
     // All registered connections mapped by channel file descriptor.
     std::unordered_map<int, sp<Connection>> mConnectionsByFd GUARDED_BY(mLock);
 
+    sp<Connection> getConnectionLocked(const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) const
+            REQUIRES(mLock);
+
+    void removeConnectionLocked(const sp<Connection>& connection) REQUIRES(mLock);
+
     struct IBinderHash {
         std::size_t operator()(const sp<IBinder>& b) const {
             return std::hash<IBinder*>{}(b.get());
@@ -209,7 +214,6 @@
     std::optional<int32_t> findGestureMonitorDisplayByTokenLocked(const sp<IBinder>& token)
             REQUIRES(mLock);
 
-    sp<Connection> getConnectionLocked(const sp<IBinder>& inputConnectionToken) REQUIRES(mLock);
 
     // Input channels that will receive a copy of all input events sent to the provided display.
     std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::vector<Monitor>> mGlobalMonitorsByDisplay GUARDED_BY(mLock);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
index f33cc65..13e8354 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
@@ -17,12 +17,14 @@
 #include "../dispatcher/InputDispatcher.h"
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 #include <binder/Binder.h>
 #include <input/Input.h>
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <cinttypes>
+#include <thread>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -119,6 +121,33 @@
                 << "Expected onPointerDownOutsideFocus to not have been called";
     }
 
+    // This function must be called soon after the expected ANR timer starts,
+    // because we are also checking how much time has passed.
+    void assertNotifyAnrWasCalled(std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout,
+                                  const sp<InputApplicationHandle>& expectedApplication,
+                                  const sp<IBinder>& expectedToken) {
+        const std::chrono::time_point start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        std::unique_lock lock(mLock);
+        std::chrono::duration timeToWait = timeout + 100ms; // provide some slack
+        android::base::ScopedLockAssertion assumeLocked(mLock);
+
+        // If there is an ANR, Dispatcher won't be idle because there are still events
+        // in the waitQueue that we need to check on. So we can't wait for dispatcher to be idle
+        // before checking if ANR was called.
+        // Since dispatcher is not guaranteed to call notifyAnr right away, we need to provide
+        // it some time to act. 100ms seems reasonable.
+        mNotifyAnr.wait_for(lock, timeToWait,
+                            [this]() REQUIRES(mLock) { return mNotifyAnrWasCalled; });
+        const std::chrono::duration waited = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mNotifyAnrWasCalled);
+        // Ensure that the ANR didn't get raised too early. We can't be too strict here because
+        // the dispatcher started counting before this function was called
+        ASSERT_TRUE(timeout - 100ms < waited); // check (waited < timeout + 100ms) done by wait_for
+        mNotifyAnrWasCalled = false;
+        ASSERT_EQ(expectedApplication, mLastAnrApplication);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expectedToken, mLastAnrWindowToken);
+    }
+
     void setKeyRepeatConfiguration(nsecs_t timeout, nsecs_t delay) {
         mConfig.keyRepeatTimeout = timeout;
         mConfig.keyRepeatDelay = delay;
@@ -131,14 +160,26 @@
     sp<IBinder> mOnPointerDownToken GUARDED_BY(mLock);
     std::optional<NotifySwitchArgs> mLastNotifySwitch GUARDED_BY(mLock);
 
+    // ANR handling
+    bool mNotifyAnrWasCalled GUARDED_BY(mLock) = false;
+    sp<InputApplicationHandle> mLastAnrApplication GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    sp<IBinder> mLastAnrWindowToken GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    std::condition_variable mNotifyAnr;
+    std::chrono::nanoseconds mAnrTimeout = 0ms;
+
     virtual void notifyConfigurationChanged(nsecs_t when) override {
         std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
         mConfigurationChangedTime = when;
     }
 
-    virtual nsecs_t notifyAnr(const sp<InputApplicationHandle>&, const sp<IBinder>&,
-                              const std::string&) override {
-        return 0;
+    virtual nsecs_t notifyAnr(const sp<InputApplicationHandle>& application,
+                              const sp<IBinder>& windowToken, const std::string&) override {
+        std::scoped_lock lock(mLock);
+        mLastAnrApplication = application;
+        mLastAnrWindowToken = windowToken;
+        mNotifyAnrWasCalled = true;
+        mNotifyAnr.notify_all();
+        return mAnrTimeout.count();
     }
 
     virtual void notifyInputChannelBroken(const sp<IBinder>&) override {}
@@ -309,6 +350,20 @@
         mFakePolicy.clear();
         mDispatcher.clear();
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Used for debugging when writing the test
+     */
+    void dumpDispatcherState() {
+        std::string dump;
+        mDispatcher->dump(dump);
+        std::stringstream ss(dump);
+        std::string to;
+
+        while (std::getline(ss, to, '\n')) {
+            ALOGE("%s", to.c_str());
+        }
+    }
 };
 
 
@@ -502,13 +557,20 @@
 
 class FakeApplicationHandle : public InputApplicationHandle {
 public:
-    FakeApplicationHandle() {}
+    FakeApplicationHandle() {
+        mInfo.name = "Fake Application";
+        mInfo.token = new BBinder();
+        mInfo.dispatchingTimeout = DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT.count();
+    }
     virtual ~FakeApplicationHandle() {}
 
     virtual bool updateInfo() override {
-        mInfo.dispatchingTimeout = DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT.count();
         return true;
     }
+
+    void setDispatchingTimeout(std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout) {
+        mInfo.dispatchingTimeout = timeout.count();
+    }
 };
 
 class FakeInputReceiver {
@@ -519,6 +581,20 @@
     }
 
     InputEvent* consume() {
+        InputEvent* event;
+        std::optional<uint32_t> consumeSeq = receiveEvent(&event);
+        if (!consumeSeq) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        finishEvent(*consumeSeq);
+        return event;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Receive an event without acknowledging it.
+     * Return the sequence number that could later be used to send finished signal.
+     */
+    std::optional<uint32_t> receiveEvent(InputEvent** outEvent = nullptr) {
         uint32_t consumeSeq;
         InputEvent* event;
 
@@ -535,23 +611,29 @@
 
         if (status == WOULD_BLOCK) {
             // Just means there's no event available.
-            return nullptr;
+            return std::nullopt;
         }
 
         if (status != OK) {
             ADD_FAILURE() << mName.c_str() << ": consumer consume should return OK.";
-            return nullptr;
+            return std::nullopt;
         }
         if (event == nullptr) {
             ADD_FAILURE() << "Consumed correctly, but received NULL event from consumer";
-            return nullptr;
+            return std::nullopt;
         }
+        if (outEvent != nullptr) {
+            *outEvent = event;
+        }
+        return consumeSeq;
+    }
 
-        status = mConsumer->sendFinishedSignal(consumeSeq, true);
-        if (status != OK) {
-            ADD_FAILURE() << mName.c_str() << ": consumer sendFinishedSignal should return OK.";
-        }
-        return event;
+    /**
+     * To be used together with "receiveEvent" to complete the consumption of an event.
+     */
+    void finishEvent(uint32_t consumeSeq) {
+        const status_t status = mConsumer->sendFinishedSignal(consumeSeq, true);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status) << mName.c_str() << ": consumer sendFinishedSignal should return OK.";
     }
 
     void consumeEvent(int32_t expectedEventType, int32_t expectedAction, int32_t expectedDisplayId,
@@ -668,6 +750,10 @@
 
     void setFocus(bool hasFocus) { mInfo.hasFocus = hasFocus; }
 
+    void setDispatchingTimeout(std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout) {
+        mInfo.dispatchingTimeout = timeout.count();
+    }
+
     void setFrame(const Rect& frame) {
         mInfo.frameLeft = frame.left;
         mInfo.frameTop = frame.top;
@@ -740,6 +826,19 @@
                                      expectedFlags);
     }
 
+    std::optional<uint32_t> receiveEvent() {
+        if (mInputReceiver == nullptr) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid receive event on window with no receiver";
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        return mInputReceiver->receiveEvent();
+    }
+
+    void finishEvent(uint32_t sequenceNum) {
+        ASSERT_NE(mInputReceiver, nullptr) << "Invalid receive event on window with no receiver";
+        mInputReceiver->finishEvent(sequenceNum);
+    }
+
     InputEvent* consume() {
         if (mInputReceiver == nullptr) {
             return nullptr;
@@ -765,16 +864,15 @@
 
 std::atomic<int32_t> FakeWindowHandle::sId{1};
 
-static int32_t injectKeyDown(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher,
-        int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+static int32_t injectKey(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher, int32_t action, int32_t repeatCount,
+                         int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
     KeyEvent event;
     nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
 
     // Define a valid key down event.
     event.initialize(InputEvent::nextId(), DEVICE_ID, AINPUT_SOURCE_KEYBOARD, displayId,
-                     INVALID_HMAC, AKEY_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, /* flags */ 0, AKEYCODE_A, KEY_A,
-                     AMETA_NONE,
-                     /* repeatCount */ 0, currentTime, currentTime);
+                     INVALID_HMAC, action, /* flags */ 0, AKEYCODE_A, KEY_A, AMETA_NONE,
+                     repeatCount, currentTime, currentTime);
 
     // Inject event until dispatch out.
     return dispatcher->injectInputEvent(
@@ -783,10 +881,16 @@
             INJECT_EVENT_TIMEOUT, POLICY_FLAG_FILTERED | POLICY_FLAG_PASS_TO_USER);
 }
 
-static int32_t injectMotionEvent(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher, int32_t action,
-                                 int32_t source, int32_t displayId, int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                 int32_t xCursorPosition = AMOTION_EVENT_INVALID_CURSOR_POSITION,
-                                 int32_t yCursorPosition = AMOTION_EVENT_INVALID_CURSOR_POSITION) {
+static int32_t injectKeyDown(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher,
+                             int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
+    return injectKey(dispatcher, AKEY_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, /* repeatCount */ 0, displayId);
+}
+
+static int32_t injectMotionEvent(
+        const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher, int32_t action, int32_t source, int32_t displayId,
+        const PointF& position,
+        const PointF& cursorPosition = {AMOTION_EVENT_INVALID_CURSOR_POSITION,
+                                        AMOTION_EVENT_INVALID_CURSOR_POSITION}) {
     MotionEvent event;
     PointerProperties pointerProperties[1];
     PointerCoords pointerCoords[1];
@@ -796,8 +900,8 @@
     pointerProperties[0].toolType = AMOTION_EVENT_TOOL_TYPE_FINGER;
 
     pointerCoords[0].clear();
-    pointerCoords[0].setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_X, x);
-    pointerCoords[0].setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_Y, y);
+    pointerCoords[0].setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_X, position.x);
+    pointerCoords[0].setAxisValue(AMOTION_EVENT_AXIS_Y, position.y);
 
     nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
     // Define a valid motion down event.
@@ -806,7 +910,7 @@
                      /* flags */ 0,
                      /* edgeFlags */ 0, AMETA_NONE, /* buttonState */ 0, MotionClassification::NONE,
                      /* xScale */ 1, /* yScale */ 1, /* xOffset */ 0, /* yOffset */ 0,
-                     /* xPrecision */ 0, /* yPrecision */ 0, xCursorPosition, yCursorPosition,
+                     /* xPrecision */ 0, /* yPrecision */ 0, cursorPosition.x, cursorPosition.y,
                      currentTime, currentTime,
                      /*pointerCount*/ 1, pointerProperties, pointerCoords);
 
@@ -819,14 +923,12 @@
 
 static int32_t injectMotionDown(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher, int32_t source,
                                 int32_t displayId, const PointF& location = {100, 200}) {
-    return injectMotionEvent(dispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, source, displayId, location.x,
-                             location.y);
+    return injectMotionEvent(dispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, source, displayId, location);
 }
 
 static int32_t injectMotionUp(const sp<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher, int32_t source,
                               int32_t displayId, const PointF& location = {100, 200}) {
-    return injectMotionEvent(dispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, source, displayId, location.x,
-                             location.y);
+    return injectMotionEvent(dispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, source, displayId, location);
 }
 
 static NotifyKeyArgs generateKeyArgs(int32_t action, int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE) {
@@ -1051,7 +1153,7 @@
     // left window. This event should be dispatched to the left window.
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_MOUSE,
-                                ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, 610, 400, 599, 400));
+                                ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {610, 400}, {599, 400}));
     windowLeft->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowRight->assertNoEvents();
 }
@@ -2185,4 +2287,82 @@
     consumeMotionEvent(mWindow1, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, expectedPoints);
 }
 
+class InputDispatcherSingleWindowAnr : public InputDispatcherTest {
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        InputDispatcherTest::SetUp();
+
+        mApplication = new FakeApplicationHandle();
+        mApplication->setDispatchingTimeout(20ms);
+        mWindow =
+                new FakeWindowHandle(mApplication, mDispatcher, "TestWindow", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+        mWindow->setFrame(Rect(0, 0, 30, 30));
+        mWindow->setDispatchingTimeout(10ms);
+        mWindow->setFocus(true);
+        // Adding FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL to ensure taps outside this window are not sent to this
+        // window.
+        mWindow->setLayoutParamFlags(InputWindowInfo::FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL);
+
+        // Set focused application.
+        mDispatcher->setFocusedApplication(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, mApplication);
+
+        mDispatcher->setInputWindows({{ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {mWindow}}});
+        mWindow->consumeFocusEvent(true);
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override {
+        InputDispatcherTest::TearDown();
+        mWindow.clear();
+    }
+
+protected:
+    sp<FakeApplicationHandle> mApplication;
+    sp<FakeWindowHandle> mWindow;
+    static constexpr PointF WINDOW_LOCATION = {20, 20};
+
+    void tapOnWindow() {
+        ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED,
+                  injectMotionDown(mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                   WINDOW_LOCATION));
+        ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED,
+                  injectMotionUp(mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                 WINDOW_LOCATION));
+    }
+};
+
+// Send an event to the app and have the app not respond right away.
+// Make sure that ANR is raised
+TEST_F(InputDispatcherSingleWindowAnr, OnPointerDown_BasicAnr) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED,
+              injectMotionDown(mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                               WINDOW_LOCATION));
+
+    // Also, overwhelm the socket to make sure ANR starts
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+        injectMotionEvent(mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
+                          ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {WINDOW_LOCATION.x, WINDOW_LOCATION.y + i});
+    }
+
+    std::optional<uint32_t> sequenceNum = mWindow->receiveEvent(); // ACTION_DOWN
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sequenceNum);
+    const std::chrono::duration timeout = mWindow->getDispatchingTimeout(DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT);
+    mFakePolicy->assertNotifyAnrWasCalled(timeout, nullptr /*application*/, mWindow->getToken());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mDispatcher->waitForIdle());
+}
+
+// Send a key to the app and have the app not respond right away.
+TEST_F(InputDispatcherSingleWindowAnr, OnKeyDown_BasicAnr) {
+    // Inject a key, and don't respond - expect that ANR is called.
+    ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED, injectKeyDown(mDispatcher));
+    std::optional<uint32_t> sequenceNum = mWindow->receiveEvent();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sequenceNum);
+
+    // Start ANR process by sending a 2nd key, which would trigger the check for whether
+    // waitQueue is empty
+    injectKey(mDispatcher, AKEY_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, /* repeatCount */ 1);
+
+    const std::chrono::duration timeout = mWindow->getDispatchingTimeout(DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT);
+    mFakePolicy->assertNotifyAnrWasCalled(timeout, mApplication, mWindow->getToken());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mDispatcher->waitForIdle());
+}
+
 } // namespace android::inputdispatcher
diff --git a/services/sensorservice/SensorDevice.cpp b/services/sensorservice/SensorDevice.cpp
index 45e67f7..8a282e2 100644
--- a/services/sensorservice/SensorDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/sensorservice/SensorDevice.cpp
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@
 
     status_t err(NO_ERROR);
     // If the min period or min timeout has changed since the last batch call, call batch.
-    if (prevBestBatchParams != info.bestBatchParams) {
+    if (prevBestBatchParams != info.bestBatchParams && info.numActiveClients() > 0) {
         ALOGD_IF(DEBUG_CONNECTIONS, "\t>>> actuating h/w BATCH 0x%08x %" PRId64 " %" PRId64, handle,
                  info.bestBatchParams.mTSample, info.bestBatchParams.mTBatch);
         err = checkReturnAndGetStatus(mSensors->batch(
@@ -890,14 +890,13 @@
         Info& info = mActivationCount.editValueAt(i);
 
         if (info.hasBatchParamsForIdent(ident)) {
-            if (updateBatchParamsLocked(handle, info) != NO_ERROR) {
-                bool enable = info.numActiveClients() == 0 && info.isActive;
-                bool disable = info.numActiveClients() > 0 && !info.isActive;
+            updateBatchParamsLocked(handle, info);
+            bool disable = info.numActiveClients() == 0 && info.isActive;
+            bool enable = info.numActiveClients() > 0 && !info.isActive;
 
-                if ((enable || disable) &&
-                    doActivateHardwareLocked(handle, enable) == NO_ERROR) {
-                    info.isActive = enable;
-                }
+            if ((enable || disable) &&
+                doActivateHardwareLocked(handle, enable) == NO_ERROR) {
+                info.isActive = enable;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/sensorservice/SensorDeviceUtils.cpp b/services/sensorservice/SensorDeviceUtils.cpp
index 0dcf8c0..52213cf 100644
--- a/services/sensorservice/SensorDeviceUtils.cpp
+++ b/services/sensorservice/SensorDeviceUtils.cpp
@@ -40,22 +40,12 @@
     switch ((SensorTypeV2_1)event->type) {
         case SensorTypeV2_1::ACCELEROMETER:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::MAGNETIC_FIELD:
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::ORIENTATION:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::GYROSCOPE:
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::GRAVITY:
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::LINEAR_ACCELERATION:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::MAGNETIC_FIELD_UNCALIBRATED:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::GYROSCOPE_UNCALIBRATED:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::ACCELEROMETER_UNCALIBRATED:
             axes = 3;
             break;
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::GAME_ROTATION_VECTOR:
-            axes = 4;
-            break;
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::ROTATION_VECTOR:
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::GEOMAGNETIC_ROTATION_VECTOR:
-            axes = 5;
-            break;
         case SensorTypeV2_1::DEVICE_ORIENTATION:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::LIGHT:
         case SensorTypeV2_1::PRESSURE:
@@ -77,11 +67,8 @@
         case SensorTypeV2_1::HINGE_ANGLE:
             axes = 1;
             break;
-        case SensorTypeV2_1::POSE_6DOF:
-            axes = 15;
-            break;
         default:
-            // No other sensors have data that needs to be rounded.
+            // No other sensors have data that needs to be quantized.
             break;
     }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
index 97ffe6f..0e69f60 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
     virtual status_t updateActiveBuffer() = 0;
     virtual status_t updateFrameNumber(nsecs_t latchTime) = 0;
 
+    // We generate InputWindowHandles for all buffered layers regardless of whether they
+    // have an InputChannel. This is to enable the InputDispatcher to do PID based occlusion
+    // detection.
+    bool needsInputInfo() const override { return true; }
+
 protected:
     struct BufferInfo {
         nsecs_t mDesiredPresentTime;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
index e5b94e4..07be791 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "SurfaceInterceptor.h"
 
 #include "FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h"
+#include "Scheduler/LayerHistory.h"
 #include "TimeStats/TimeStats.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -399,7 +400,8 @@
     // Add this buffer from our internal queue tracker
     { // Autolock scope
         const nsecs_t presentTime = item.mIsAutoTimestamp ? 0 : item.mTimestamp;
-        mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, presentTime);
+        mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, presentTime,
+                                                 LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
         Mutex::Autolock lock(mQueueItemLock);
         // Reset the frame number tracker when we receive the first buffer after
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
index a1ed6d7..790f2ec 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 #include <renderengine/Image.h>
 
 #include "EffectLayer.h"
-#include "FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h"
 #include "TimeStats/TimeStats.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -98,9 +97,6 @@
 
     // Prevent tracing the same release multiple times.
     if (mPreviousFrameNumber != mPreviousReleasedFrameNumber) {
-        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(getSequence(), mPreviousBufferId, mPreviousFrameNumber,
-                                           std::make_shared<FenceTime>(releaseFence),
-                                           FrameTracer::FrameEvent::RELEASE_FENCE);
         mPreviousReleasedFrameNumber = mPreviousFrameNumber;
     }
 }
@@ -277,13 +273,11 @@
     const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
     mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPostTime(layerId, mCurrentState.frameNumber, getName().c_str(),
                                       postTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, getName().c_str());
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, buffer->getId(), mCurrentState.frameNumber,
-                                           postTime, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::POST);
     desiredPresentTime = desiredPresentTime <= 0 ? 0 : desiredPresentTime;
     mCurrentState.desiredPresentTime = desiredPresentTime;
 
-    mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, desiredPresentTime);
+    mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, desiredPresentTime,
+                                             LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
     addFrameEvent(acquireFence, postTime, desiredPresentTime);
     return true;
@@ -579,20 +573,13 @@
         status_t err = bindTextureImage();
         if (err != NO_ERROR) {
             mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId);
-            mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
             return BAD_VALUE;
         }
     }
 
-    const uint64_t bufferID = getCurrentBufferId();
     mFlinger->mTimeStats->setAcquireFence(layerId, mDrawingState.frameNumber,
-                                          mBufferInfo.mFenceTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, mDrawingState.frameNumber,
-                                       mBufferInfo.mFenceTime,
-                                       FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE);
+                                          std::make_shared<FenceTime>(mDrawingState.acquireFence));
     mFlinger->mTimeStats->setLatchTime(layerId, mDrawingState.frameNumber, latchTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, mDrawingState.frameNumber, latchTime,
-                                           FrameTracer::FrameEvent::LATCH);
 
     mCurrentStateModified = false;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
index af76b81..8ac0561 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
@@ -208,13 +208,17 @@
         *outVsyncPeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(vsyncPeriodNanos);
     } else {
         // Get the default vsync period
-        HWConfigId configId = 0;
-        auto intError_2_1 = mComposer.getActiveConfig(mId, &configId);
-        error = static_cast<Error>(intError_2_1);
-        if (error == Error::NONE) {
-            auto config = mConfigs.at(configId);
-            *outVsyncPeriod = config->getVsyncPeriod();
+        std::shared_ptr<const Display::Config> config;
+        error = getActiveConfig(&config);
+        if (error != Error::NONE) {
+            return error;
         }
+        if (!config) {
+            // HWC has updated the display modes and hasn't notified us yet.
+            return Error::BAD_CONFIG;
+        }
+
+        *outVsyncPeriod = config->getVsyncPeriod();
     }
 
     return error;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index 5b9dbf2..3255aac 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -119,6 +119,13 @@
     mCurrentState.treeHasFrameRateVote = false;
     mCurrentState.fixedTransformHint = ui::Transform::ROT_INVALID;
 
+    if (args.flags & ISurfaceComposerClient::eNoColorFill) {
+        // Set an invalid color so there is no color fill.
+        mCurrentState.color.r = -1.0_hf;
+        mCurrentState.color.g = -1.0_hf;
+        mCurrentState.color.b = -1.0_hf;
+    }
+
     // drawing state & current state are identical
     mDrawingState = mCurrentState;
 
@@ -222,13 +229,23 @@
     mFlinger->markLayerPendingRemovalLocked(this);
 }
 
+sp<Layer> Layer::getRootLayer() {
+    sp<Layer> parent = getParent();
+    if (parent == nullptr) {
+        return this;
+    }
+    return parent->getRootLayer();
+}
+
 void Layer::onRemovedFromCurrentState() {
-    auto layersInTree = getLayersInTree(LayerVector::StateSet::Current);
+    // Use the root layer since we want to maintain the hierarchy for the entire subtree.
+    auto layersInTree = getRootLayer()->getLayersInTree(LayerVector::StateSet::Current);
     std::sort(layersInTree.begin(), layersInTree.end());
-    for (const auto& layer : layersInTree) {
+
+    traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Current, [&](Layer* layer) {
         layer->removeFromCurrentState();
         layer->removeRelativeZ(layersInTree);
-    }
+    });
 }
 
 void Layer::addToCurrentState() {
@@ -848,11 +865,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // If we still have pending updates, wake SurfaceFlinger back up and point
-    // it at this layer so we can process them
+    // If we still have pending updates, we need to ensure SurfaceFlinger
+    // will keep calling doTransaction, and so we set the transaction flags.
+    // However, our pending states won't clear until a frame is available,
+    // and so there is no need to specifically trigger a wakeup. Rather
+    // we set the flags and wait for something else to wake us up.
     if (!mPendingStates.empty()) {
         setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
-        mFlinger->setTransactionFlags(eTraversalNeeded);
+        mFlinger->setTransactionFlagsNoWake(eTraversalNeeded);
     }
 
     mCurrentState.modified = false;
@@ -1392,7 +1412,8 @@
     }
 
     // Activate the layer in Scheduler's LayerHistory
-    mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, systemTime());
+    mFlinger->mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(this, systemTime(),
+                                             LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::SetFrameRate);
 
     mCurrentState.sequence++;
     mCurrentState.frameRate = frameRate;
@@ -1490,7 +1511,7 @@
     LayerDebugInfo info;
     const State& ds = getDrawingState();
     info.mName = getName();
-    sp<Layer> parent = getParent();
+    sp<Layer> parent = mDrawingParent.promote();
     info.mParentName = parent ? parent->getName() : "none"s;
     info.mType = getType();
     info.mTransparentRegion = ds.activeTransparentRegion_legacy;
@@ -2111,7 +2132,9 @@
             // but a transform matrix can define horizontal and vertical scales.
             // Let's take the average between both of them and pass into the shader, practically we
             // never do this type of transformation on windows anyway.
-            parentState.radius *= (t[0][0] + t[1][1]) / 2.0f;
+            auto scaleX = sqrtf(t[0][0] * t[0][0] + t[0][1] * t[0][1]);
+            auto scaleY = sqrtf(t[1][0] * t[1][0] + t[1][1] * t[1][1]);
+            parentState.radius *= (scaleX + scaleY) / 2.0f;
             return parentState;
         }
     }
@@ -2330,6 +2353,16 @@
 }
 
 InputWindowInfo Layer::fillInputInfo() {
+    if (!hasInputInfo()) {
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.name = getName();
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.ownerUid = mCallingUid;
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.ownerPid = mCallingPid;
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.inputFeatures =
+            InputWindowInfo::INPUT_FEATURE_NO_INPUT_CHANNEL;
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.layoutParamsFlags = InputWindowInfo::FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL;
+        mDrawingState.inputInfo.displayId = getLayerStack();
+    }
+
     InputWindowInfo info = mDrawingState.inputInfo;
     info.id = sequence;
 
@@ -2411,7 +2444,7 @@
     return mDrawingParent.promote()->getClonedRoot();
 }
 
-bool Layer::hasInput() const {
+bool Layer::hasInputInfo() const {
     return mDrawingState.inputInfo.token != nullptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index 3fa935f..068424b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -947,7 +947,17 @@
     void setInputInfo(const InputWindowInfo& info);
 
     InputWindowInfo fillInputInfo();
-    bool hasInput() const;
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this layer has an explicitly set input-info.
+     */
+    bool hasInputInfo() const;
+    /**
+     * Return whether this layer needs an input info. For most layer types
+     * this is only true if they explicitly set an input-info but BufferLayer
+     * overrides this so we can generate input-info for Buffered layers that don't
+     * have them (for input occlusion detection checks).
+     */
+    virtual bool needsInputInfo() const { return hasInputInfo(); }
 
 protected:
     compositionengine::OutputLayer* findOutputLayerForDisplay(const DisplayDevice*) const;
@@ -1088,6 +1098,10 @@
     // Find the root of the cloned hierarchy, this means the first non cloned parent.
     // This will return null if first non cloned parent is not found.
     sp<Layer> getClonedRoot();
+
+    // Finds the top most layer in the hierarchy. This will find the root Layer where the parent is
+    // null.
+    sp<Layer> getRootLayer();
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
index 8958d9a..2925109 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@
     mLayerInfos.emplace_back(layer, std::move(info));
 }
 
-void LayerHistory::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now) {
+void LayerHistory::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now,
+                          LayerUpdateType /*updateType*/) {
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
 
     const auto it = std::find_if(mLayerInfos.begin(), mLayerInfos.end(),
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
index d5bebf6..228b8a0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
@@ -52,10 +52,18 @@
     // Sets the display size. Client is responsible for synchronization.
     virtual void setDisplayArea(uint32_t displayArea) = 0;
 
+    // Sets whether a config change is pending to be applied
     virtual void setConfigChangePending(bool pending) = 0;
 
+    // Represents which layer activity is recorded
+    enum class LayerUpdateType {
+        Buffer,       // a new buffer queued
+        AnimationTX,  // a new transaction with eAnimation flag set
+        SetFrameRate, // setFrameRate API was called
+    };
+
     // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    virtual void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now) = 0;
+    virtual void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) = 0;
 
     using Summary = std::vector<RefreshRateConfigs::LayerRequirement>;
 
@@ -83,7 +91,7 @@
     void setConfigChangePending(bool /*pending*/) override {}
 
     // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now) override;
+    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) override;
 
     // Rebuilds sets of active/inactive layers, and accumulates stats for active layers.
     android::scheduler::LayerHistory::Summary summarize(nsecs_t now) override;
@@ -128,7 +136,7 @@
 
 class LayerHistoryV2 : public android::scheduler::LayerHistory {
 public:
-    LayerHistoryV2();
+    LayerHistoryV2(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs&);
     virtual ~LayerHistoryV2();
 
     // Layers are unregistered when the weak reference expires.
@@ -141,7 +149,7 @@
     void setConfigChangePending(bool pending) override { mConfigChangePending = pending; }
 
     // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now) override;
+    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) override;
 
     // Rebuilds sets of active/inactive layers, and accumulates stats for active layers.
     android::scheduler::LayerHistory::Summary summarize(nsecs_t /*now*/) override;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp
index 6570b1a..ee612b0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp
@@ -58,37 +58,32 @@
     return atoi(value);
 }
 
-void trace(const wp<Layer>& weak, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type, int fps) {
+void trace(const wp<Layer>& weak, const LayerInfoV2& info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type,
+           int fps) {
     const auto layer = weak.promote();
     if (!layer) return;
 
-    const auto makeTag = [layer](LayerHistory::LayerVoteType vote) {
-        return "LFPS " + RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(vote) + " " + layer->getName();
+    const auto traceType = [&](LayerHistory::LayerVoteType checkedType, int value) {
+        ATRACE_INT(info.getTraceTag(checkedType), type == checkedType ? value : 0);
     };
 
-    const auto noVoteTag = makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote);
-    const auto heuristicVoteTag = makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
-    const auto explicitDefaultVoteTag = makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault);
-    const auto explicitExactOrMultipleVoteTag =
-            makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple);
-    const auto minVoteTag = makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min);
-    const auto maxVoteTag = makeTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max);
-
-    ATRACE_INT(noVoteTag.c_str(), type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote ? 1 : 0);
-    ATRACE_INT(heuristicVoteTag.c_str(), type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic ? fps : 0);
-    ATRACE_INT(explicitDefaultVoteTag.c_str(),
-               type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault ? fps : 0);
-    ATRACE_INT(explicitExactOrMultipleVoteTag.c_str(),
-               type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple ? fps : 0);
-    ATRACE_INT(minVoteTag.c_str(), type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min ? 1 : 0);
-    ATRACE_INT(maxVoteTag.c_str(), type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max ? 1 : 0);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 1);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 1);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 1);
 
     ALOGD("%s: %s @ %d Hz", __FUNCTION__, layer->getName().c_str(), fps);
 }
 } // namespace
 
-LayerHistoryV2::LayerHistoryV2()
-      : mTraceEnabled(traceEnabled()), mUseFrameRatePriority(useFrameRatePriority()) {}
+LayerHistoryV2::LayerHistoryV2(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs)
+      : mTraceEnabled(traceEnabled()), mUseFrameRatePriority(useFrameRatePriority()) {
+    LayerInfoV2::setTraceEnabled(mTraceEnabled);
+    LayerInfoV2::setRefreshRateConfigs(refreshRateConfigs);
+}
+
 LayerHistoryV2::~LayerHistoryV2() = default;
 
 void LayerHistoryV2::registerLayer(Layer* layer, float /*lowRefreshRate*/, float highRefreshRate,
@@ -99,7 +94,8 @@
     mLayerInfos.emplace_back(layer, std::move(info));
 }
 
-void LayerHistoryV2::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now) {
+void LayerHistoryV2::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now,
+                            LayerUpdateType updateType) {
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
 
     const auto it = std::find_if(mLayerInfos.begin(), mLayerInfos.end(),
@@ -107,7 +103,7 @@
     LOG_FATAL_IF(it == mLayerInfos.end(), "%s: unknown layer %p", __FUNCTION__, layer);
 
     const auto& info = it->second;
-    info->setLastPresentTime(presentTime, now, mConfigChangePending);
+    info->setLastPresentTime(presentTime, now, updateType, mConfigChangePending);
 
     // Activate layer if inactive.
     if (const auto end = activeLayers().end(); it >= end) {
@@ -150,7 +146,7 @@
         summary.push_back({strong->getName(), type, refreshRate, weight});
 
         if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            trace(layer, type, static_cast<int>(std::round(refreshRate)));
+            trace(layer, *info, type, static_cast<int>(std::round(refreshRate)));
         }
     }
 
@@ -189,7 +185,7 @@
         }
 
         if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            trace(weak, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 0);
+            trace(weak, *info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 0);
         }
 
         info->onLayerInactive(now);
@@ -216,4 +212,5 @@
         info->clearHistory(systemTime());
     }
 }
+
 } // namespace android::scheduler::impl
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
index cb81ca2..820624b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@
                 return false;
             }
 
-            // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_TIME of updates
+            // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_DURATION of updates
             if (mElements.size() < HISTORY_SIZE &&
-                mElements.back() - mElements.front() < HISTORY_TIME.count()) {
+                mElements.back() - mElements.front() < HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 
     private:
         std::deque<nsecs_t> mElements;
-        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_TIME = 1s;
+        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 1s;
     };
 
     friend class LayerHistoryTest;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp
index 25dca39..44f20d0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp
@@ -15,38 +15,51 @@
  */
 
 // #define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
 
 #include "LayerInfoV2.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include <cutils/compiler.h>
+#include <cutils/trace.h>
+
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "LayerInfoV2"
-#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
 
 namespace android::scheduler {
 
+const RefreshRateConfigs* LayerInfoV2::sRefreshRateConfigs = nullptr;
+bool LayerInfoV2::sTraceEnabled = false;
+
 LayerInfoV2::LayerInfoV2(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
                          LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote)
       : mName(name),
         mHighRefreshRatePeriod(highRefreshRatePeriod),
         mDefaultVote(defaultVote),
-        mLayerVote({defaultVote, 0.0f}) {}
+        mLayerVote({defaultVote, 0.0f}),
+        mRefreshRateHistory(name) {}
 
 void LayerInfoV2::setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now,
-                                     bool pendingConfigChange) {
+                                     LayerUpdateType updateType, bool pendingConfigChange) {
     lastPresentTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, static_cast<nsecs_t>(0));
 
     mLastUpdatedTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
-
-    FrameTimeData frameTime = {.presetTime = lastPresentTime,
-                               .queueTime = mLastUpdatedTime,
-                               .pendingConfigChange = pendingConfigChange};
-
-    mFrameTimes.push_back(frameTime);
-    if (mFrameTimes.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
-        mFrameTimes.pop_front();
+    switch (updateType) {
+        case LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX:
+            mLastAnimationTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
+            break;
+        case LayerUpdateType::SetFrameRate:
+        case LayerUpdateType::Buffer:
+            FrameTimeData frameTime = {.presetTime = lastPresentTime,
+                                       .queueTime = mLastUpdatedTime,
+                                       .pendingConfigChange = pendingConfigChange};
+            mFrameTimes.push_back(frameTime);
+            if (mFrameTimes.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
+                mFrameTimes.pop_front();
+            }
+            break;
     }
 }
 
@@ -81,25 +94,33 @@
     return (1e9f * (numFrames - 1)) / totalTime >= MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER;
 }
 
+bool LayerInfoV2::isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const {
+    return mLastAnimationTime >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now);
+}
+
 bool LayerInfoV2::hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const {
-    // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_TIME of updates
+    // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_DURATION of updates
     if (mFrameTimes.size() < 2) {
+        ALOGV("fewer than 2 frames recorded: %zu", mFrameTimes.size());
         return false;
     }
 
     if (!isFrameTimeValid(mFrameTimes.front())) {
+        ALOGV("stale frames still captured");
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (mFrameTimes.size() < HISTORY_SIZE &&
-        mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - mFrameTimes.front().queueTime < HISTORY_TIME.count()) {
+    const auto totalDuration = mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - mFrameTimes.front().queueTime;
+    if (mFrameTimes.size() < HISTORY_SIZE && totalDuration < HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
+        ALOGV("not enough frames captured: %zu | %.2f seconds", mFrameTimes.size(),
+              totalDuration / 1e9f);
         return false;
     }
 
     return true;
 }
 
-std::pair<nsecs_t, bool> LayerInfoV2::calculateAverageFrameTime() const {
+std::optional<nsecs_t> LayerInfoV2::calculateAverageFrameTime() const {
     nsecs_t totalPresentTimeDeltas = 0;
     nsecs_t totalQueueTimeDeltas = 0;
     bool missingPresentTime = false;
@@ -107,15 +128,20 @@
     for (auto it = mFrameTimes.begin(); it != mFrameTimes.end() - 1; ++it) {
         // Ignore frames captured during a config change
         if (it->pendingConfigChange || (it + 1)->pendingConfigChange) {
-            continue;
+            return std::nullopt;
         }
 
         totalQueueTimeDeltas +=
                 std::max(((it + 1)->queueTime - it->queueTime), mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
         numFrames++;
 
-        if (it->presetTime == 0 || (it + 1)->presetTime == 0) {
+        if (!missingPresentTime && (it->presetTime == 0 || (it + 1)->presetTime == 0)) {
             missingPresentTime = true;
+            // If there are no presentation timestamps and we haven't calculated
+            // one in the past then we can't calculate the refresh rate
+            if (mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0) {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -130,58 +156,46 @@
     // when implementing render ahead for specific refresh rates. When hwui no longer provides
     // presentation timestamps we look at the queue time to see if the current refresh rate still
     // matches the content.
+
     const auto averageFrameTime =
             static_cast<float>(missingPresentTime ? totalQueueTimeDeltas : totalPresentTimeDeltas) /
             numFrames;
-    return {static_cast<nsecs_t>(averageFrameTime), missingPresentTime};
+    return static_cast<nsecs_t>(averageFrameTime);
 }
 
-bool LayerInfoV2::isRefreshRateStable(nsecs_t averageFrameTime, bool missingPresentTime) const {
-    for (auto it = mFrameTimes.begin(); it != mFrameTimes.end() - 1; ++it) {
-        // Ignore frames captured during a config change
-        if (it->pendingConfigChange || (it + 1)->pendingConfigChange) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        const auto presentTimeDeltas = [&] {
-            const auto delta = missingPresentTime ? (it + 1)->queueTime - it->queueTime
-                                                  : (it + 1)->presetTime - it->presetTime;
-            return std::max(delta, mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
-        }();
-
-        if (std::abs(presentTimeDeltas - averageFrameTime) > 2 * averageFrameTime) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-std::optional<float> LayerInfoV2::calculateRefreshRateIfPossible() {
+std::optional<float> LayerInfoV2::calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now) {
     static constexpr float MARGIN = 1.0f; // 1Hz
-
     if (!hasEnoughDataForHeuristic()) {
         ALOGV("Not enough data");
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
-    const auto [averageFrameTime, missingPresentTime] = calculateAverageFrameTime();
+    const auto averageFrameTime = calculateAverageFrameTime();
+    if (averageFrameTime.has_value()) {
+        const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / *averageFrameTime;
+        const bool refreshRateConsistent = mRefreshRateHistory.add(refreshRate, now);
+        if (refreshRateConsistent) {
+            const auto knownRefreshRate =
+                    sRefreshRateConfigs->findClosestKnownFrameRate(refreshRate);
 
-    // If there are no presentation timestamps provided we can't calculate the refresh rate
-    if (missingPresentTime && mLastReportedRefreshRate == 0) {
-        return std::nullopt;
+            // To avoid oscillation, use the last calculated refresh rate if it is
+            // close enough
+            if (std::abs(mLastRefreshRate.calculated - refreshRate) > MARGIN &&
+                mLastRefreshRate.reported != knownRefreshRate) {
+                mLastRefreshRate.calculated = refreshRate;
+                mLastRefreshRate.reported = knownRefreshRate;
+            }
+
+            ALOGV("%s %.2fHz rounded to nearest known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
+                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
+        } else {
+            ALOGV("%s Not stable (%.2fHz) returning last known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
+                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
+        }
     }
 
-    if (!isRefreshRateStable(averageFrameTime, missingPresentTime)) {
-        return std::nullopt;
-    }
-
-    const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / averageFrameTime;
-    if (std::abs(refreshRate - mLastReportedRefreshRate) > MARGIN) {
-        mLastReportedRefreshRate = refreshRate;
-    }
-
-    ALOGV("Refresh rate: %.2f", mLastReportedRefreshRate);
-    return mLastReportedRefreshRate;
+    return mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0 ? std::nullopt
+                                          : std::make_optional(mLastRefreshRate.reported);
 }
 
 std::pair<LayerHistory::LayerVoteType, float> LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRate(nsecs_t now) {
@@ -190,12 +204,26 @@
         return {mLayerVote.type, mLayerVote.fps};
     }
 
+    if (isAnimating(now)) {
+        ALOGV("%s is animating", mName.c_str());
+        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
+        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
+    }
+
     if (!isFrequent(now)) {
         ALOGV("%s is infrequent", mName.c_str());
+        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
         return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 0};
     }
 
-    auto refreshRate = calculateRefreshRateIfPossible();
+    // If the layer was previously tagged as animating or infrequent, we clear
+    // the history as it is likely the layer just changed its behavior
+    // and we should not look at stale data
+    if (mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent) {
+        clearHistory(now);
+    }
+
+    auto refreshRate = calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(now);
     if (refreshRate.has_value()) {
         ALOGV("%s calculated refresh rate: %.2f", mName.c_str(), refreshRate.value());
         return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, refreshRate.value()};
@@ -205,4 +233,65 @@
     return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
 }
 
+const char* LayerInfoV2::getTraceTag(android::scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const {
+    if (mTraceTags.count(type) == 0) {
+        const auto tag = "LFPS " + mName + " " + RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(type);
+        mTraceTags.emplace(type, tag);
+    }
+
+    return mTraceTags.at(type).c_str();
+}
+
+LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::HeuristicTraceTagData
+LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const {
+    const std::string prefix = "LFPS ";
+    const std::string suffix = "Heuristic ";
+    return {.min = prefix + mName + suffix + "min",
+            .max = prefix + mName + suffix + "max",
+            .consistent = prefix + mName + suffix + "consistent",
+            .average = prefix + mName + suffix + "average"};
+}
+
+void LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::clear() {
+    mRefreshRates.clear();
+}
+
+bool LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now) {
+    mRefreshRates.push_back({refreshRate, now});
+    while (mRefreshRates.size() >= HISTORY_SIZE ||
+           now - mRefreshRates.front().timestamp > HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
+        mRefreshRates.pop_front();
+    }
+
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
+        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
+            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
+        }
+
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->average.c_str(), static_cast<int>(refreshRate));
+    }
+
+    return isConsistent();
+}
+
+bool LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::isConsistent() const {
+    if (mRefreshRates.empty()) return true;
+
+    const auto max = std::max_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
+    const auto min = std::min_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
+    const auto consistent = max->refreshRate - min->refreshRate <= MARGIN_FPS;
+
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
+        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
+            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
+        }
+
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->max.c_str(), static_cast<int>(max->refreshRate));
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->min.c_str(), static_cast<int>(min->refreshRate));
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->consistent.c_str(), consistent);
+    }
+
+    return consistent;
+}
+
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h
index 5f50d5a..33dc66f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 
 // Stores history of present times and refresh rates for a layer.
 class LayerInfoV2 {
+    using LayerUpdateType = LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType;
+
     // Layer is considered frequent if the earliest value in the window of most recent present times
     // is within a threshold. If a layer is infrequent, its average refresh rate is disregarded in
     // favor of a low refresh rate.
@@ -54,6 +56,12 @@
     friend class LayerHistoryTestV2;
 
 public:
+    static void setTraceEnabled(bool enabled) { sTraceEnabled = enabled; }
+
+    static void setRefreshRateConfigs(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs) {
+        sRefreshRateConfigs = &refreshRateConfigs;
+    }
+
     LayerInfoV2(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
                 LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote);
 
@@ -63,7 +71,8 @@
     // Records the last requested present time. It also stores information about when
     // the layer was last updated. If the present time is farther in the future than the
     // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
-    void setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now, bool pendingConfigChange);
+    void setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType,
+                            bool pendingConfigChange);
 
     // Sets an explicit layer vote. This usually comes directly from the application via
     // ANativeWindow_setFrameRate API
@@ -83,6 +92,9 @@
     // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
     nsecs_t getLastUpdatedTime() const { return mLastUpdatedTime; }
 
+    // Returns a C string for tracing a vote
+    const char* getTraceTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const;
+
     void onLayerInactive(nsecs_t now) {
         // Mark mFrameTimeValidSince to now to ignore all previous frame times.
         // We are not deleting the old frame to keep track of whether we should treat the first
@@ -90,7 +102,8 @@
         // posting infrequent updates.
         const auto timePoint = std::chrono::nanoseconds(now);
         mFrameTimeValidSince = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>(timePoint);
-        mLastReportedRefreshRate = 0.0f;
+        mLastRefreshRate = {};
+        mRefreshRateHistory.clear();
     }
 
     void clearHistory(nsecs_t now) {
@@ -106,11 +119,73 @@
         bool pendingConfigChange;
     };
 
+    // Holds information about the calculated and reported refresh rate
+    struct RefreshRateHeuristicData {
+        // Rate calculated on the layer
+        float calculated = 0.0f;
+        // Last reported rate for LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRate()
+        float reported = 0.0f;
+        // Whether the last reported rate for LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRate()
+        // was due to animation or infrequent updates
+        bool animatingOrInfrequent = false;
+    };
+
+    // Holds information about the layer vote
+    struct LayerVote {
+        LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type = LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
+        float fps = 0.0f;
+    };
+
+    // Class to store past calculated refresh rate and determine whether
+    // the refresh rate calculated is consistent with past values
+    class RefreshRateHistory {
+    public:
+        static constexpr auto HISTORY_SIZE = 90;
+        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 2s;
+
+        RefreshRateHistory(const std::string& name) : mName(name) {}
+
+        // Clears History
+        void clear();
+
+        // Adds a new refresh rate and returns true if it is consistent
+        bool add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now);
+
+    private:
+        friend class LayerHistoryTestV2;
+
+        // Holds the refresh rate when it was calculated
+        struct RefreshRateData {
+            float refreshRate = 0.0f;
+            nsecs_t timestamp = 0;
+
+            bool operator<(const RefreshRateData& other) const {
+                return refreshRate < other.refreshRate;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Holds tracing strings
+        struct HeuristicTraceTagData {
+            std::string min;
+            std::string max;
+            std::string consistent;
+            std::string average;
+        };
+
+        bool isConsistent() const;
+        HeuristicTraceTagData makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const;
+
+        const std::string mName;
+        mutable std::optional<HeuristicTraceTagData> mHeuristicTraceTagData;
+        std::deque<RefreshRateData> mRefreshRates;
+        static constexpr float MARGIN_FPS = 1.0;
+    };
+
     bool isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const;
+    bool isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const;
     bool hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const;
-    std::optional<float> calculateRefreshRateIfPossible();
-    std::pair<nsecs_t, bool> calculateAverageFrameTime() const;
-    bool isRefreshRateStable(nsecs_t averageFrameTime, bool missingPresentTime) const;
+    std::optional<float> calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now);
+    std::optional<nsecs_t> calculateAverageFrameTime() const;
     bool isFrameTimeValid(const FrameTimeData&) const;
 
     const std::string mName;
@@ -119,21 +194,27 @@
     const nsecs_t mHighRefreshRatePeriod;
     LayerHistory::LayerVoteType mDefaultVote;
 
+    LayerVote mLayerVote;
+
     nsecs_t mLastUpdatedTime = 0;
 
-    float mLastReportedRefreshRate = 0.0f;
+    nsecs_t mLastAnimationTime = 0;
 
-    // Holds information about the layer vote
-    struct {
-        LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type;
-        float fps;
-    } mLayerVote;
+    RefreshRateHeuristicData mLastRefreshRate;
 
     std::deque<FrameTimeData> mFrameTimes;
     std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> mFrameTimeValidSince =
             std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-    static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = 90;
-    static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_TIME = 1s;
+    static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_SIZE;
+    static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 1s;
+
+    RefreshRateHistory mRefreshRateHistory;
+
+    mutable std::unordered_map<LayerHistory::LayerVoteType, std::string> mTraceTags;
+
+    // Shared for all LayerInfo instances
+    static const RefreshRateConfigs* sRefreshRateConfigs;
+    static bool sTraceEnabled;
 };
 
 } // namespace scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
index 3c8bd68..ea27955 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@
 
             if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple ||
                 layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
-                const auto layerScore = [&]() {
+                const auto layerScore = [&] {
                     // Calculate how many display vsyncs we need to present a single frame for this
                     // layer
                     const auto [displayFramesQuot, displayFramesRem] =
@@ -384,7 +384,8 @@
 
 RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRateConfigs(
         const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs,
-        HwcConfigIndexType currentConfigId) {
+        HwcConfigIndexType currentConfigId)
+      : mKnownFrameRates(constructKnownFrameRates(configs)) {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configs.empty());
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(currentConfigId.value() >= configs.size());
 
@@ -544,4 +545,40 @@
                        &mAppRequestRefreshRates);
 }
 
+std::vector<float> RefreshRateConfigs::constructKnownFrameRates(
+        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs) {
+    std::vector<float> knownFrameRates = {24.0f, 30.0f, 45.0f, 60.0f, 72.0f};
+    knownFrameRates.reserve(knownFrameRates.size() + configs.size());
+
+    // Add all supported refresh rates to the set
+    for (const auto& config : configs) {
+        const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / config->getVsyncPeriod();
+        knownFrameRates.emplace_back(refreshRate);
+    }
+
+    // Sort and remove duplicates
+    const auto frameRatesEqual = [](float a, float b) { return std::abs(a - b) <= 0.01f; };
+    std::sort(knownFrameRates.begin(), knownFrameRates.end());
+    knownFrameRates.erase(std::unique(knownFrameRates.begin(), knownFrameRates.end(),
+                                      frameRatesEqual),
+                          knownFrameRates.end());
+    return knownFrameRates;
+}
+
+float RefreshRateConfigs::findClosestKnownFrameRate(float frameRate) const {
+    if (frameRate <= *mKnownFrameRates.begin()) {
+        return *mKnownFrameRates.begin();
+    }
+
+    if (frameRate >= *std::prev(mKnownFrameRates.end())) {
+        return *std::prev(mKnownFrameRates.end());
+    }
+
+    auto lowerBound = std::lower_bound(mKnownFrameRates.begin(), mKnownFrameRates.end(), frameRate);
+
+    const auto distance1 = std::abs(frameRate - *lowerBound);
+    const auto distance2 = std::abs(frameRate - *std::prev(lowerBound));
+    return distance1 < distance2 ? *lowerBound : *std::prev(lowerBound);
+}
+
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
index ff1eabd..88e4eb5 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 #include "Scheduler/StrongTyping.h"
 
 namespace android::scheduler {
-class RefreshRateConfigsTest;
 
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@
 
     private:
         friend RefreshRateConfigs;
-        friend RefreshRateConfigsTest;
+        friend class RefreshRateConfigsTest;
 
         // The tolerance within which we consider FPS approximately equals.
         static constexpr float FPS_EPSILON = 0.001f;
@@ -258,11 +257,18 @@
     // Returns a string that represents the layer vote type
     static std::string layerVoteTypeString(LayerVoteType vote);
 
+    // Returns a known frame rate that is the closest to frameRate
+    float findClosestKnownFrameRate(float frameRate) const;
+
     RefreshRateConfigs(const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs,
                        HwcConfigIndexType currentConfigId);
 
 private:
+    friend class RefreshRateConfigsTest;
+
     void constructAvailableRefreshRates() REQUIRES(mLock);
+    static std::vector<float> constructKnownFrameRates(
+            const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs);
 
     void getSortedRefreshRateList(
             const std::function<bool(const RefreshRate&)>& shouldAddRefreshRate,
@@ -320,6 +326,10 @@
     const RefreshRate* mMaxSupportedRefreshRate;
 
     mutable std::mutex mLock;
+
+    // A sorted list of known frame rates that a Heuristic layer will choose
+    // from based on the closest value.
+    const std::vector<float> mKnownFrameRates;
 };
 
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
index 7c2af23..bfa7493 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-std::unique_ptr<DispSync> createDispSync() {
+std::unique_ptr<DispSync> createDispSync(bool supportKernelTimer) {
     // TODO (140302863) remove this and use the vsync_reactor system.
     if (property_get_bool("debug.sf.vsync_reactor", true)) {
         // TODO (144707443) tune Predictor tunables.
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
         static constexpr size_t pendingFenceLimit = 20;
         return std::make_unique<scheduler::VSyncReactor>(std::make_unique<scheduler::SystemClock>(),
                                                          std::move(dispatch), std::move(tracker),
-                                                         pendingFenceLimit);
+                                                         pendingFenceLimit, supportKernelTimer);
     } else {
         return std::make_unique<impl::DispSync>("SchedulerDispSync",
                                                 sysprop::running_without_sync_framework(true));
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@
                      const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfig,
                      ISchedulerCallback& schedulerCallback, bool useContentDetectionV2,
                      bool useContentDetection)
-      : mPrimaryDispSync(createDispSync()),
+      : mSupportKernelTimer(sysprop::support_kernel_idle_timer(false)),
+        mPrimaryDispSync(createDispSync(mSupportKernelTimer)),
         mEventControlThread(new impl::EventControlThread(std::move(function))),
-        mSupportKernelTimer(sysprop::support_kernel_idle_timer(false)),
         mSchedulerCallback(schedulerCallback),
         mRefreshRateConfigs(refreshRateConfig),
         mUseContentDetection(useContentDetection),
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
     using namespace sysprop;
 
     if (mUseContentDetectionV2) {
-        mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>();
+        mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>(refreshRateConfig);
     } else {
         mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistory>();
     }
@@ -151,9 +151,9 @@
                      const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs,
                      ISchedulerCallback& schedulerCallback, bool useContentDetectionV2,
                      bool useContentDetection)
-      : mPrimaryDispSync(std::move(primaryDispSync)),
+      : mSupportKernelTimer(false),
+        mPrimaryDispSync(std::move(primaryDispSync)),
         mEventControlThread(std::move(eventControlThread)),
-        mSupportKernelTimer(false),
         mSchedulerCallback(schedulerCallback),
         mRefreshRateConfigs(configs),
         mUseContentDetection(useContentDetection),
@@ -417,9 +417,10 @@
     }
 }
 
-void Scheduler::recordLayerHistory(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime) {
+void Scheduler::recordLayerHistory(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime,
+                                   LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType updateType) {
     if (mLayerHistory) {
-        mLayerHistory->record(layer, presentTime, systemTime());
+        mLayerHistory->record(layer, presentTime, systemTime(), updateType);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
index 066e9ca..ebee9e3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 namespace android {
 
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+using scheduler::LayerHistory;
 
 class DispSync;
 class FenceTime;
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@
 
     // Layers are registered on creation, and unregistered when the weak reference expires.
     void registerLayer(Layer*);
-    void recordLayerHistory(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime);
+    void recordLayerHistory(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType updateType);
     void setConfigChangePending(bool pending);
 
     // Detects content using layer history, and selects a matching refresh rate.
@@ -207,14 +208,14 @@
 
     std::atomic<nsecs_t> mLastResyncTime = 0;
 
+    // Whether to use idle timer callbacks that support the kernel timer.
+    const bool mSupportKernelTimer;
+
     std::unique_ptr<DispSync> mPrimaryDispSync;
     std::unique_ptr<EventControlThread> mEventControlThread;
 
     // Used to choose refresh rate if content detection is enabled.
-    std::unique_ptr<scheduler::LayerHistory> mLayerHistory;
-
-    // Whether to use idle timer callbacks that support the kernel timer.
-    const bool mSupportKernelTimer;
+    std::unique_ptr<LayerHistory> mLayerHistory;
 
     // Timer that records time between requests for next vsync.
     std::optional<scheduler::OneShotTimer> mIdleTimer;
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@
         TimerState displayPowerTimer = TimerState::Expired;
 
         std::optional<HwcConfigIndexType> configId;
-        scheduler::LayerHistory::Summary contentRequirements;
+        LayerHistory::Summary contentRequirements;
 
         bool isDisplayPowerStateNormal = true;
     } mFeatures GUARDED_BY(mFeatureStateLock);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
index cd15617..abeacfe 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
@@ -87,10 +87,26 @@
     return ScheduleResult::Scheduled;
 }
 
+void VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::addPendingWorkloadUpdate(nsecs_t workDuration,
+                                                            nsecs_t earliestVsync) {
+    mWorkloadUpdateInfo = {.earliestVsync = earliestVsync, .duration = workDuration};
+}
+
+bool VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::hasPendingWorkloadUpdate() const {
+    return mWorkloadUpdateInfo.has_value();
+}
+
 void VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::update(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now) {
-    if (!mArmedInfo) {
+    if (!mArmedInfo && !mWorkloadUpdateInfo) {
         return;
     }
+
+    if (mWorkloadUpdateInfo) {
+        mEarliestVsync = mWorkloadUpdateInfo->earliestVsync;
+        mWorkDuration = mWorkloadUpdateInfo->duration;
+        mWorkloadUpdateInfo.reset();
+    }
+
     auto const nextVsyncTime =
             tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(std::max(mEarliestVsync, now + mWorkDuration));
     mArmedInfo = {nextVsyncTime - mWorkDuration, nextVsyncTime};
@@ -192,7 +208,7 @@
     std::optional<std::string_view> nextWakeupName;
     for (auto it = mCallbacks.begin(); it != mCallbacks.end(); it++) {
         auto& callback = it->second;
-        if (!callback->wakeupTime()) {
+        if (!callback->wakeupTime() && !callback->hasPendingWorkloadUpdate()) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -291,6 +307,15 @@
         }
         auto& callback = it->second;
         auto const now = mTimeKeeper->now();
+
+        /* If the timer thread will run soon, we'll apply this work update via the callback
+         * timer recalculation to avoid cancelling a callback that is about to fire. */
+        auto const rearmImminent = now > mIntendedWakeupTime;
+        if (CC_UNLIKELY(rearmImminent)) {
+            callback->addPendingWorkloadUpdate(workDuration, earliestVsync);
+            return ScheduleResult::Scheduled;
+        }
+
         result = callback->schedule(workDuration, earliestVsync, mTracker, now);
         if (result == ScheduleResult::CannotSchedule) {
             return result;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
index 26a8ec0..957c0d1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@
     // This moves the state from armed->running.
     // Store the timestamp that this was intended for as the last called timestamp.
     nsecs_t executing();
+
+    // Adds a pending upload of the earliestVSync and workDuration that will be applied on the next
+    // call to update()
+    void addPendingWorkloadUpdate(nsecs_t workDuration, nsecs_t earliestVsync);
+
+    // Checks if there is a pending update to the workload, returning true if so.
+    bool hasPendingWorkloadUpdate() const;
     // End: functions that are not threadsafe.
 
     // Invoke the callback with the two given timestamps, moving the state from running->disarmed.
@@ -88,6 +95,12 @@
     std::optional<ArmingInfo> mArmedInfo;
     std::optional<nsecs_t> mLastDispatchTime;
 
+    struct WorkloadUpdateInfo {
+        nsecs_t duration;
+        nsecs_t earliestVsync;
+    };
+    std::optional<WorkloadUpdateInfo> mWorkloadUpdateInfo;
+
     mutable std::mutex mRunningMutex;
     std::condition_variable mCv;
     bool mRunning GUARDED_BY(mRunningMutex) = false;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.cpp
index 5f0c9ce..c743de0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.cpp
@@ -56,14 +56,16 @@
 };
 
 VSyncReactor::VSyncReactor(std::unique_ptr<Clock> clock, std::unique_ptr<VSyncDispatch> dispatch,
-                           std::unique_ptr<VSyncTracker> tracker, size_t pendingFenceLimit)
+                           std::unique_ptr<VSyncTracker> tracker, size_t pendingFenceLimit,
+                           bool supportKernelIdleTimer)
       : mClock(std::move(clock)),
         mTracker(std::move(tracker)),
         mDispatch(std::move(dispatch)),
         mPendingLimit(pendingFenceLimit),
         mPredictedVsyncTracer(property_get_bool("debug.sf.show_predicted_vsync", false)
                                       ? std::make_unique<PredictedVsyncTracer>(*mDispatch)
-                                      : nullptr) {}
+                                      : nullptr),
+        mSupportKernelIdleTimer(supportKernelIdleTimer) {}
 
 VSyncReactor::~VSyncReactor() = default;
 
@@ -249,7 +251,8 @@
     ATRACE_INT64("VSR-setPeriod", period);
     std::lock_guard lk(mMutex);
     mLastHwVsync.reset();
-    if (period == getPeriod()) {
+
+    if (!mSupportKernelIdleTimer && period == getPeriod()) {
         endPeriodTransition();
     } else {
         startPeriodTransition(period);
@@ -275,6 +278,13 @@
         return false;
     }
 
+    const bool periodIsChanging =
+            mPeriodTransitioningTo && (*mPeriodTransitioningTo != getPeriod());
+    if (mSupportKernelIdleTimer && !periodIsChanging) {
+        // Clear out the Composer-provided period and use the allowance logic below
+        HwcVsyncPeriod = {};
+    }
+
     auto const period = mPeriodTransitioningTo ? *mPeriodTransitioningTo : getPeriod();
     static constexpr int allowancePercent = 10;
     static constexpr std::ratio<allowancePercent, 100> allowancePercentRatio;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.h
index 31ddf5a..265d89c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncReactor.h
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@
 class VSyncReactor : public android::DispSync {
 public:
     VSyncReactor(std::unique_ptr<Clock> clock, std::unique_ptr<VSyncDispatch> dispatch,
-                 std::unique_ptr<VSyncTracker> tracker, size_t pendingFenceLimit);
+                 std::unique_ptr<VSyncTracker> tracker, size_t pendingFenceLimit,
+                 bool supportKernelIdleTimer);
     ~VSyncReactor();
 
     bool addPresentFence(const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& fence) final;
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@
             GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
     const std::unique_ptr<PredictedVsyncTracer> mPredictedVsyncTracer;
+    const bool mSupportKernelIdleTimer = false;
 };
 
 class SystemClock : public Clock {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index 2d25319..51cf77e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
 #include "Scheduler/DispSyncSource.h"
 #include "Scheduler/EventControlThread.h"
 #include "Scheduler/EventThread.h"
+#include "Scheduler/LayerHistory.h"
 #include "Scheduler/MessageQueue.h"
 #include "Scheduler/PhaseOffsets.h"
 #include "Scheduler/Scheduler.h"
@@ -1448,17 +1449,14 @@
     return mScheduler->injectVSync(when, calculateExpectedPresentTime(when)) ? NO_ERROR : BAD_VALUE;
 }
 
-status_t SurfaceFlinger::getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) const {
-    TimedLock lock(mStateLock, s2ns(1), __FUNCTION__);
-    if (!lock.locked()) {
-        return TIMED_OUT;
-    }
-
-    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
+status_t SurfaceFlinger::getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) {
     outLayers->clear();
-    mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder(
-            [&](Layer* layer) { outLayers->push_back(layer->getLayerDebugInfo(display.get())); });
-
+    schedule([=] {
+        const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());
+        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
+            outLayers->push_back(layer->getLayerDebugInfo(display.get()));
+        });
+    }).wait();
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
@@ -1933,6 +1931,7 @@
     // ...but if it's larger than 1s then we missed the trace cutoff.
     static constexpr nsecs_t kMaxJankyDuration =
             std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(1s).count();
+    nsecs_t jankDurationToUpload = -1;
     // If we're in a user build then don't push any atoms
     if (!mIsUserBuild && mMissedFrameJankCount > 0) {
         const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());
@@ -1944,10 +1943,7 @@
             const nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
             const nsecs_t jankDuration = currentTime - mMissedFrameJankStart;
             if (jankDuration > kMinJankyDuration && jankDuration < kMaxJankyDuration) {
-                ATRACE_NAME("Jank detected");
-                const int32_t jankyDurationMillis = jankDuration / (1000 * 1000);
-                android::util::stats_write(android::util::DISPLAY_JANK_REPORTED,
-                                           jankyDurationMillis, mMissedFrameJankCount);
+                jankDurationToUpload = jankDuration;
             }
 
             // We either reported a jank event or we missed the trace
@@ -2000,6 +1996,7 @@
 
     refreshNeeded |= mRepaintEverything;
     if (refreshNeeded && CC_LIKELY(mBootStage != BootStage::BOOTLOADER)) {
+        mLastJankDuration = jankDurationToUpload;
         // Signal a refresh if a transaction modified the window state,
         // a new buffer was latched, or if HWC has requested a full
         // repaint
@@ -2306,6 +2303,14 @@
     const size_t appConnections = mScheduler->getEventThreadConnectionCount(mAppConnectionHandle);
     mTimeStats->recordDisplayEventConnectionCount(sfConnections + appConnections);
 
+    if (mLastJankDuration > 0) {
+        ATRACE_NAME("Jank detected");
+        const int32_t jankyDurationMillis = mLastJankDuration / (1000 * 1000);
+        android::util::stats_write(android::util::DISPLAY_JANK_REPORTED, jankyDurationMillis,
+                                   mMissedFrameJankCount);
+        mLastJankDuration = -1;
+    }
+
     if (isDisplayConnected && !display->isPoweredOn()) {
         return;
     }
@@ -2674,7 +2679,8 @@
         }
         processDisplayAdded(displayToken, currentState);
         if (currentState.physical) {
-            initializeDisplays();
+            const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
+            setPowerModeInternal(display, hal::PowerMode::ON);
         }
         return;
     }
@@ -2902,7 +2908,7 @@
     std::vector<InputWindowInfo> inputHandles;
 
     mDrawingState.traverseInReverseZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
-        if (layer->hasInput()) {
+        if (layer->needsInputInfo()) {
             // When calculating the screen bounds we ignore the transparent region since it may
             // result in an unwanted offset.
             inputHandles.push_back(layer->fillInputInfo());
@@ -3242,6 +3248,10 @@
     return old;
 }
 
+uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setTransactionFlagsNoWake(uint32_t flags) {
+    return mTransactionFlags.fetch_or(flags);
+}
+
 bool SurfaceFlinger::flushTransactionQueues() {
     // to prevent onHandleDestroyed from being called while the lock is held,
     // we must keep a copy of the transactions (specifically the composer
@@ -3401,6 +3411,12 @@
     for (const ComposerState& state : states) {
         clientStateFlags |= setClientStateLocked(state, desiredPresentTime, postTime, privileged,
                                                  listenerCallbacksWithSurfaces);
+        if ((flags & eAnimation) && state.state.surface) {
+            if (const auto layer = fromHandleLocked(state.state.surface).promote(); layer) {
+                mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(layer.get(), desiredPresentTime,
+                                               LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     for (const auto& listenerCallback : listenerCallbacksWithSurfaces) {
@@ -3685,7 +3701,7 @@
         if (layer->setCornerRadius(s.cornerRadius))
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
     }
-    if (what & layer_state_t::eBackgroundBlurRadiusChanged && !mDisableBlurs) {
+    if (what & layer_state_t::eBackgroundBlurRadiusChanged && !mDisableBlurs && mSupportsBlur) {
         if (layer->setBackgroundBlurRadius(s.backgroundBlurRadius)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
     }
     if (what & layer_state_t::eLayerStackChanged) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index 4cfbddd..e7bfdc7 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
                                 HdrCapabilities* outCapabilities) const override;
     status_t enableVSyncInjections(bool enable) override;
     status_t injectVSync(nsecs_t when) override;
-    status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) const override;
+    status_t getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) override;
     status_t getColorManagement(bool* outGetColorManagement) const override;
     status_t getCompositionPreference(ui::Dataspace* outDataspace, ui::PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
                                       ui::Dataspace* outWideColorGamutDataspace,
@@ -628,6 +628,12 @@
     uint32_t peekTransactionFlags();
     // Can only be called from the main thread or with mStateLock held
     uint32_t setTransactionFlags(uint32_t flags);
+    // Set the transaction flags, but don't trigger a wakeup! We use this cases where
+    // there are still pending transactions but we know they won't be ready until a frame
+    // arrives from a different layer. So we need to ensure we performTransaction from invalidate
+    // but there is no need to try and wake up immediately to do it. Rather we rely on
+    // onFrameAvailable to wake us up.
+    uint32_t setTransactionFlagsNoWake(uint32_t flags);
     uint32_t setTransactionFlags(uint32_t flags, Scheduler::TransactionStart transactionStart);
     void commitTransaction() REQUIRES(mStateLock);
     void commitOffscreenLayers();
@@ -1281,6 +1287,8 @@
     // janky frames there are.
     nsecs_t mMissedFrameJankStart = 0;
     int32_t mMissedFrameJankCount = 0;
+    // Positive if jank should be uploaded in postComposition
+    nsecs_t mLastJankDuration = -1;
 
     int mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount = 0;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
index 94ebe89..fe2af80 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
         "Credentials_test.cpp",
         "DereferenceSurfaceControl_test.cpp",
         "DisplayConfigs_test.cpp",
+        "EffectLayer_test.cpp",
         "InvalidHandles_test.cpp",
         "LayerCallback_test.cpp",
         "LayerRenderTypeTransaction_test.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/EffectLayer_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/EffectLayer_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dca391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/EffectLayer_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+
+#include "LayerTransactionTest.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+class EffectLayerTest : public LayerTransactionTest {
+protected:
+    virtual void SetUp() {
+        LayerTransactionTest::SetUp();
+        ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, mClient->initCheck());
+
+        const auto display = SurfaceComposerClient::getInternalDisplayToken();
+        ASSERT_FALSE(display == nullptr);
+
+        mParentLayer = createColorLayer("Parent layer", Color::RED);
+        asTransaction([&](Transaction& t) {
+            t.setDisplayLayerStack(display, 0);
+            t.setLayer(mParentLayer, INT32_MAX - 2).show(mParentLayer);
+            t.setFlags(mParentLayer, layer_state_t::eLayerOpaque, layer_state_t::eLayerOpaque);
+        });
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() {
+        LayerTransactionTest::TearDown();
+        mParentLayer = 0;
+    }
+
+    sp<SurfaceControl> mParentLayer;
+};
+
+TEST_F(EffectLayerTest, DefaultEffectLayerHasSolidBlackFill) {
+    sp<SurfaceControl> effectLayer =
+            mClient->createSurface(String8("Effect Layer"), 0 /* width */, 0 /* height */,
+                                   PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceEffect,
+                                   mParentLayer.get());
+
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, effectLayer.get()) << "failed to create SurfaceControl";
+    asTransaction([&](Transaction& t) {
+        t.setCrop_legacy(effectLayer, Rect(0, 0, 400, 400));
+        t.show(effectLayer);
+    });
+
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("Default effect Layer has solid black fill");
+        auto shot = screenshot();
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, 400, 400), Color::BLACK);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(EffectLayerTest, EffectLayerWithNoFill) {
+    sp<SurfaceControl> effectLayer =
+            mClient->createSurface(String8("Effect Layer"), 0 /* width */, 0 /* height */,
+                                   PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
+                                   ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceEffect |
+                                           ISurfaceComposerClient::eNoColorFill,
+                                   mParentLayer.get());
+
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, effectLayer.get()) << "failed to create SurfaceControl";
+    asTransaction([&](Transaction& t) {
+        t.setCrop_legacy(effectLayer, Rect(0, 0, 400, 400));
+        t.show(effectLayer);
+    });
+
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("Effect layer with nofill option is transparent");
+        auto shot = screenshot();
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, 400, 400), Color::RED);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(EffectLayerTest, EffectLayerCanSetColor) {
+    sp<SurfaceControl> effectLayer =
+            mClient->createSurface(String8("Effect Layer"), 0 /* width */, 0 /* height */,
+                                   PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
+                                   ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceEffect |
+                                           ISurfaceComposerClient::eNoColorFill,
+                                   mParentLayer.get());
+
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, effectLayer.get()) << "failed to create SurfaceControl";
+    asTransaction([&](Transaction& t) {
+        t.setCrop_legacy(effectLayer, Rect(0, 0, 400, 400));
+        t.setColor(effectLayer,
+                   half3{Color::GREEN.r / 255.0f, Color::GREEN.g / 255.0f,
+                         Color::GREEN.b / 255.0f});
+        t.show(effectLayer);
+    });
+
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("Effect Layer can set color");
+        auto shot = screenshot();
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, 400, 400), Color::GREEN);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace android
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop // ignored "-Wconversion"
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransaction_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransaction_test.cpp
index d666d7e..7d4314f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransaction_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransaction_test.cpp
@@ -220,6 +220,51 @@
         shot->expectColor(Rect(size - testArea, 0, right, testArea), Color::BLACK);
         shot->expectColor(Rect(0, bottom - testArea, testArea, bottom), Color::BLACK);
         shot->expectColor(Rect(size - testArea, bottom - testArea, right, bottom), Color::BLACK);
+        // Solid center
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(size / 2 - testArea / 2, size / 2 - testArea / 2,
+                               size / 2 + testArea / 2, size / 2 + testArea / 2),
+                          Color::RED);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransactionTest, SetCornerRadiusRotated) {
+    sp<SurfaceControl> parent;
+    sp<SurfaceControl> child;
+    const uint8_t size = 64;
+    const uint8_t testArea = 4;
+    const float cornerRadius = 20.0f;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(parent = createLayer("parent", size, size));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillLayerColor(parent, Color::RED, size, size));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(child = createLayer("child", size, size));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillLayerColor(child, Color::GREEN, size, size));
+
+    auto transaction = Transaction()
+                               .setCornerRadius(parent, cornerRadius)
+                               .setCrop_legacy(parent, Rect(0, 0, size, size))
+                               .reparent(child, parent->getHandle())
+                               .setPosition(child, 0, size)
+                               // Rotate by half PI
+                               .setMatrix(child, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
+    if (mLayerType == ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferQueue) {
+        transaction.setCrop_legacy(parent, Rect(0, 0, size, size));
+    } else {
+        transaction.setFrame(parent, Rect(0, 0, size, size));
+    }
+    transaction.apply();
+
+    {
+        const uint8_t bottom = size - 1;
+        const uint8_t right = size - 1;
+        auto shot = getScreenCapture();
+        // Edges are transparent
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, testArea, testArea), Color::BLACK);
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(size - testArea, 0, right, testArea), Color::BLACK);
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(0, bottom - testArea, testArea, bottom - testArea), Color::BLACK);
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(right - testArea, bottom - testArea, right, bottom), Color::BLACK);
+        // Solid center
+        shot->expectColor(Rect(size / 2 - testArea / 2, size / 2 - testArea / 2,
+                               size / 2 + testArea / 2, size / 2 + testArea / 2),
+                          Color::GREEN);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/RelativeZ_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/RelativeZ_test.cpp
index 1180cac..3e0b3c6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/RelativeZ_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/RelativeZ_test.cpp
@@ -207,6 +207,71 @@
         sc->checkPixel(1, 1, Color::BLUE.r, Color::BLUE.g, Color::BLUE.b);
     }
 }
+
+// Preserve the relative z order when a layer is reparented to a layer that's already offscreen
+TEST_F(RelativeZTest, LayerWithRelativeReparentedToOffscreen) {
+    std::unique_ptr<ScreenCapture> sc;
+
+    Color testLayerColor = {255, 100, 0, 255};
+
+    // Background layer (RED)
+    // Foregroud layer (GREEN)
+    //   child level 1a (testLayerColor) (relative to child level 2b)
+    //   child level 1b (WHITE)
+    //     child level 2a (BLUE)
+    //     child level 2b (BLACK)
+    sp<SurfaceControl> childLevel1a =
+            createColorLayer("child level 1a", testLayerColor, mForegroundLayer.get());
+    sp<SurfaceControl> childLevel1b =
+            createColorLayer("child level 1b", Color::WHITE, mForegroundLayer.get());
+    sp<SurfaceControl> childLevel2a =
+            createColorLayer("child level 2a", Color::BLUE, childLevel1b.get());
+    sp<SurfaceControl> childLevel2b =
+            createColorLayer("child level 2b", Color::BLACK, childLevel1b.get());
+
+    Transaction{}
+            .setRelativeLayer(childLevel1a, childLevel2b->getHandle(), 1)
+            .show(childLevel1a)
+            .show(childLevel1b)
+            .show(childLevel2a)
+            .show(childLevel2b)
+            .apply();
+
+    {
+        // The childLevel1a should be in front of childLevel2b.
+        ScreenCapture::captureScreen(&sc);
+        sc->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight), testLayerColor);
+    }
+
+    // Background layer (RED)
+    // Foregroud layer (GREEN)
+    //   child level 1a (testLayerColor) (relative to child level 2b)
+    Transaction{}.reparent(childLevel1b, nullptr).apply();
+
+    // // Background layer (RED)
+    // // Foregroud layer (GREEN)
+    Transaction{}.reparent(childLevel1a, childLevel2a->getHandle()).apply();
+
+    {
+        // The childLevel1a and childLevel1b are no longer on screen
+        ScreenCapture::captureScreen(&sc);
+        sc->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight), Color::GREEN);
+    }
+
+    // Background layer (RED)
+    // Foregroud layer (GREEN)
+    //   child level 1b (WHITE)
+    //     child level 2a (BLUE)
+    //       child level 1a (testLayerColor) (relative to child level 2b)
+    //     child level 2b (BLACK)
+    Transaction{}.reparent(childLevel1b, mForegroundLayer->getHandle()).apply();
+
+    {
+        // Nothing should change at this point since relative z info was preserved.
+        ScreenCapture::captureScreen(&sc);
+        sc->expectColor(Rect(0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight), testLayerColor);
+    }
+}
 } // namespace android
 
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
index 71d17a9..cae317b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@
 
     // no layers are returned if active layers have insufficient history.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime);
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(mTime).empty());
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     }
 
     // High FPS is returned once enough history has been recorded.
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime);
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(mTime).size());
         EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(mTime)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = mTime;
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 
     // layer1 is active but infrequent.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer1.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
     }
 
@@ -166,12 +166,12 @@
 
     // layer2 is frequent and has high refresh rate.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
     // layer1 is still active but infrequent.
-    history().record(layer1.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
     EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
     // layer1 is no longer active.
     // layer2 is frequent and has low refresh rate.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -196,10 +196,10 @@
     constexpr int RATIO = LO_FPS_PERIOD / HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
         if (i % RATIO == 0) {
-            history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+            history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         }
 
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 becomes recently active.
-    history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
     ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
     EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
     // layer2 still has low refresh rate.
     // layer3 becomes inactive.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
 
     // layer3 becomes active and has high refresh rate.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp
index dc705ed..afd2b71 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "LayerHistoryTestV2"
 
+#include <Layer.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
@@ -37,7 +38,9 @@
     static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE = LayerInfoV2::HISTORY_SIZE;
     static constexpr auto MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS = LayerInfoV2::MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS;
     static constexpr auto FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE = LayerInfoV2::FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE;
-    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_TIME = LayerInfoV2::HISTORY_TIME;
+    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION = LayerInfoV2::HISTORY_DURATION;
+    static constexpr auto REFRESH_RATE_AVERAGE_HISTORY_DURATION =
+            LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_DURATION;
 
     static constexpr float LO_FPS = 30.f;
     static constexpr auto LO_FPS_PERIOD = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / LO_FPS);
@@ -60,6 +63,13 @@
                              [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isFrequent(now); });
     }
 
+    auto animatingLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+        const auto& infos = history().mLayerInfos;
+        return std::count_if(infos.begin(),
+                             infos.begin() + static_cast<long>(history().mActiveLayersEnd),
+                             [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isAnimating(now); });
+    }
+
     void setLayerInfoVote(Layer* layer,
                           LayerHistory::LayerVoteType vote) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
         for (auto& [weak, info] : history().mLayerInfos) {
@@ -76,6 +86,23 @@
         return sp<mock::MockLayer>(new mock::MockLayer(mFlinger.flinger(), std::move(name)));
     }
 
+    void recordFramesAndExpect(const sp<mock::MockLayer>& layer, nsecs_t& time, float frameRate,
+                               float desiredRefreshRate, int numFrames) {
+        const nsecs_t framePeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / frameRate);
+        impl::LayerHistoryV2::Summary summary;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numFrames; i++) {
+            history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+            time += framePeriod;
+
+            summary = history().summarize(time);
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+        ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(desiredRefreshRate, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate)
+                << "Frame rate is " << frameRate;
+    }
+
     Hwc2::mock::Display mDisplay;
     RefreshRateConfigs mConfigs{{HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(mDisplay, 0)
                                          .setVsyncPeriod(int32_t(LO_FPS_PERIOD))
@@ -109,7 +136,7 @@
 
     // Max returned if active layers have insufficient history.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
         EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
@@ -117,7 +144,7 @@
 
     // Max is returned since we have enough history but there is no timestamp votes.
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
         EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
@@ -134,7 +161,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
 
-    history().record(layer.get(), 0, time);
+    history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
     auto summary = history().summarize(time);
     ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
     // Layer is still considered inactive so we expect to get Min
@@ -158,7 +185,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -181,7 +208,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -208,7 +235,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -236,7 +263,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -264,7 +291,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -296,7 +323,7 @@
 
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
@@ -338,43 +365,48 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
+    impl::LayerHistoryV2::Summary summary;
+
     // layer1 is active but infrequent.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer1.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer2 is frequent and has high refresh rate.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
     // layer1 is still active but infrequent.
-    history().record(layer1.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[1].vote);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
+    ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
     EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer1 is no longer active.
     // layer2 is frequent and has low refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2 * PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
@@ -383,38 +415,41 @@
     constexpr int RATIO = LO_FPS_PERIOD / HI_FPS_PERIOD;
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
         if (i % RATIO == 0) {
-            history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+            history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         }
 
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[1].vote);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, summary[1].vote);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 becomes recently active.
-    history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
+    history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer1 expires.
     layer1.clear();
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
@@ -422,39 +457,43 @@
     // layer2 still has low refresh rate.
     // layer3 becomes inactive.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer2 expires.
     layer2.clear();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 becomes active and has high refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time);
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE + FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE + 1; i++) {
+        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 expires.
     layer3.clear();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
@@ -470,7 +509,7 @@
 
     // the very first updates makes the layer frequent
     for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
 
         EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
@@ -481,7 +520,7 @@
     }
 
     // the next update with the MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS will get us to infrequent
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
     time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
@@ -495,7 +534,7 @@
 
     // Now event if we post a quick few frame we should stay infrequent
     for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
 
         EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
@@ -506,7 +545,7 @@
     }
 
     // More quick frames will get us to frequent again
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
     time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
@@ -533,8 +572,9 @@
     nsecs_t time = systemTime();
 
     // Post a buffer to the layers to make them active
-    history().record(explicitVisiblelayer.get(), time, time);
-    history().record(explicitInvisiblelayer.get(), time, time);
+    history().record(explicitVisiblelayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    history().record(explicitInvisiblelayer.get(), time, time,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
     ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
@@ -545,6 +585,92 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 }
 
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, infrequentAnimatingLayer) {
+    auto layer = createLayer();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer is active but infrequent.
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // another update with the same cadence keep in infrequent
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // an update as animation will immediately vote for Max
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX);
+    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, animatingLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayer60Hz) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (float fps = 54.0f; fps < 65.0f; fps += 0.1f) {
+        recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, fps, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayer60_30Hz) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayerNotOscillating) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.00f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+}
+
 class LayerHistoryTestV2Parameterized
       : public LayerHistoryTestV2,
         public testing::WithParamInterface<std::chrono::nanoseconds> {};
@@ -565,8 +691,10 @@
     const nsecs_t startTime = systemTime();
 
     const std::chrono::nanoseconds heuristicUpdateDelta = 41'666'667ns;
-    history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), startTime, startTime);
-    history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), startTime, startTime);
+    history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
     nsecs_t time = startTime;
     nsecs_t lastInfrequentUpdate = startTime;
@@ -574,17 +702,18 @@
     int infrequentLayerUpdates = 0;
     while (infrequentLayerUpdates <= totalInfrequentLayerUpdates) {
         time += heuristicUpdateDelta.count();
-        history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), time, time);
+        history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
         if (time - lastInfrequentUpdate >= infrequentUpdateDelta.count()) {
             ALOGI("submitting infrequent frame [%d/%d]", infrequentLayerUpdates,
                   totalInfrequentLayerUpdates);
             lastInfrequentUpdate = time;
-            history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), time, time);
+            history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), time, time,
+                             LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
             infrequentLayerUpdates++;
         }
 
-        if (time - startTime > PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_TIME.count()) {
+        if (time - startTime > PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
             ASSERT_NE(0, history().summarize(time).size());
             ASSERT_GE(2, history().summarize(time).size());
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
index c919e93..4fa8455 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@
     RefreshRateConfigsTest();
     ~RefreshRateConfigsTest();
 
+    float findClosestKnownFrameRate(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs, float frameRate) {
+        return refreshRateConfigs.findClosestKnownFrameRate(frameRate);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<float> getKnownFrameRate(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs) {
+        return refreshRateConfigs.mKnownFrameRates;
+    }
+
     // Test config IDs
     static inline const HwcConfigIndexType HWC_CONFIG_ID_60 = HwcConfigIndexType(0);
     static inline const HwcConfigIndexType HWC_CONFIG_ID_90 = HwcConfigIndexType(1);
@@ -902,8 +910,7 @@
         const auto& refreshRate =
                 refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, /*touchActive*/ false,
                                                        /*idle*/ false, &ignored);
-        printf("%.2fHz chooses %s\n", fps, refreshRate.getName().c_str());
-        EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config, refreshRate);
+        EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config, refreshRate) << fps << "Hz chooses " << refreshRate.getName();
     }
 }
 
@@ -989,8 +996,7 @@
         const auto& refreshRate =
                 refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, /*touchActive*/ false,
                                                        /*idle*/ false, &ignored);
-        printf("%.2fHz chooses %s\n", fps, refreshRate.getName().c_str());
-        EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config, refreshRate);
+        EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config, refreshRate) << fps << "Hz chooses " << refreshRate.getName();
     }
 }
 
@@ -1456,6 +1462,73 @@
                       .getConfigId());
 }
 
+TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, findClosestKnownFrameRate) {
+    auto refreshRateConfigs =
+            std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_90Device,
+                                                 /*currentConfigId=*/HWC_CONFIG_ID_60);
+
+    for (float fps = 1.0f; fps <= 120.0f; fps += 0.1f) {
+        const auto knownFrameRate = findClosestKnownFrameRate(*refreshRateConfigs, fps);
+        float expectedFrameRate;
+        if (fps < 26.91f) {
+            expectedFrameRate = 24.0f;
+        } else if (fps < 37.51f) {
+            expectedFrameRate = 30.0f;
+        } else if (fps < 52.51f) {
+            expectedFrameRate = 45.0f;
+        } else if (fps < 66.01f) {
+            expectedFrameRate = 60.0f;
+        } else if (fps < 81.01f) {
+            expectedFrameRate = 72.0f;
+        } else {
+            expectedFrameRate = 90.0f;
+        }
+        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(expectedFrameRate, knownFrameRate)
+                << "findClosestKnownFrameRate(" << fps << ") = " << knownFrameRate;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, getBestRefreshRate_KnownFrameRate) {
+    bool ignored;
+    auto refreshRateConfigs =
+            std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_90Device,
+                                                 /*currentConfigId=*/HWC_CONFIG_ID_60);
+
+    struct ExpectedRate {
+        float rate;
+        const RefreshRate& expected;
+    };
+
+    /* clang-format off */
+    std::vector<ExpectedRate> knownFrameRatesExpectations = {
+        {24.0f, mExpected60Config},
+        {30.0f, mExpected60Config},
+        {45.0f, mExpected90Config},
+        {60.0f, mExpected60Config},
+        {72.0f, mExpected90Config},
+        {90.0f, mExpected90Config},
+    };
+    /* clang-format on */
+
+    // Make sure the test tests all the known frame rate
+    const auto knownFrameRateList = getKnownFrameRate(*refreshRateConfigs);
+    const auto equal = std::equal(knownFrameRateList.begin(), knownFrameRateList.end(),
+                                  knownFrameRatesExpectations.begin(),
+                                  [](float a, const ExpectedRate& b) { return a == b.rate; });
+    EXPECT_TRUE(equal);
+
+    auto layers = std::vector<LayerRequirement>{LayerRequirement{.weight = 1.0f}};
+    auto& layer = layers[0];
+    layer.vote = LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
+    for (const auto& expectedRate : knownFrameRatesExpectations) {
+        layer.desiredRefreshRate = expectedRate.rate;
+        const auto& refreshRate = refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers,
+                                                                         /*touchActive*/ false,
+                                                                         /*idle*/ false, &ignored);
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedRate.expected, refreshRate);
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace
 } // namespace scheduler
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
index 41b5d49..d5ecae8 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     TestableScheduler(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, bool useContentDetectionV2)
           : Scheduler([](bool) {}, configs, *this, useContentDetectionV2, true) {
         if (mUseContentDetectionV2) {
-            mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>();
+            mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>(configs);
         } else {
             mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistory>();
         }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
           : Scheduler(std::move(primaryDispSync), std::move(eventControlThread), configs, *this,
                       useContentDetectionV2, true) {
         if (mUseContentDetectionV2) {
-            mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>();
+            mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>(configs);
         } else {
             mLayerHistory = std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistory>();
         }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
index 1899bed..793cb8b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
@@ -89,15 +89,18 @@
 
     void advanceBy(nsecs_t advancement) {
         mCurrentTime += advancement;
-        if (mCurrentTime >= mNextCallbackTime && mCallback) {
+        if (mCurrentTime >= (mNextCallbackTime + mLag) && mCallback) {
             mCallback();
         }
     };
 
+    void setLag(nsecs_t lag) { mLag = lag; }
+
 private:
     std::function<void()> mCallback;
     nsecs_t mNextCallbackTime = 0;
     nsecs_t mCurrentTime = 0;
+    nsecs_t mLag = 0;
 };
 
 class CountingCallback {
@@ -658,6 +661,46 @@
     cb1.cancel();
 }
 
+// b/154303580
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, skipsSchedulingIfTimerReschedulingIsImminent) {
+    Sequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmIn(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmIn(_, 1200)).InSequence(seq);
+    CountingCallback cb1(mDispatch);
+    CountingCallback cb2(mDispatch);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch.schedule(cb1, 400, 1000), ScheduleResult::Scheduled);
+
+    mMockClock.setLag(100);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(620);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch.schedule(cb2, 100, 2000), ScheduleResult::Scheduled);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(80);
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(cb1.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
+    EXPECT_THAT(cb2.mCalls.size(), Eq(0));
+}
+
+// b/154303580.
+// If the same callback tries to reschedule itself after it's too late, timer opts to apply the
+// update later, as opposed to blocking the calling thread.
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, skipsSchedulingIfTimerReschedulingIsImminentSameCallback) {
+    Sequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmIn(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmIn(_, 930)).InSequence(seq);
+    CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch.schedule(cb, 400, 1000), ScheduleResult::Scheduled);
+
+    mMockClock.setLag(100);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(620);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(mDispatch.schedule(cb, 370, 2000), ScheduleResult::Scheduled);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(80);
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(cb.mCalls.size(), Eq(1));
+}
+
 class VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
     nsecs_t const mPeriod = 1000;
@@ -817,6 +860,19 @@
     EXPECT_THAT(entry.schedule(1200, 500, mStubTracker, 0), Eq(ScheduleResult::Scheduled));
 }
 
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, storesPendingUpdatesUntilUpdate) {
+    static constexpr auto effectualOffset = 200;
+    VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
+            "test", [](auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(100, 400);
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(effectualOffset, 700);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
+    entry.update(mStubTracker, 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
+    EXPECT_THAT(*entry.wakeupTime(), Eq(mPeriod - effectualOffset));
+}
+
 } // namespace android::scheduler
 
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncReactorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncReactorTest.cpp
index 3f14d65..a972562 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncReactorTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncReactorTest.cpp
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@
             mMockClock(std::make_shared<NiceMock<MockClock>>()),
             mReactor(std::make_unique<ClockWrapper>(mMockClock),
                      std::make_unique<VSyncDispatchWrapper>(mMockDispatch),
-                     std::make_unique<VSyncTrackerWrapper>(mMockTracker), kPendingLimit) {
+                     std::make_unique<VSyncTrackerWrapper>(mMockTracker), kPendingLimit,
+                     false /* supportKernelIdleTimer */) {
         ON_CALL(*mMockClock, now()).WillByDefault(Return(mFakeNow));
         ON_CALL(*mMockTracker, currentPeriod()).WillByDefault(Return(period));
     }
@@ -663,6 +664,43 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(mReactor.addPresentFence(generateSignalledFenceWithTime(0)));
 }
 
+TEST_F(VSyncReactorTest, periodIsMeasuredIfIgnoringComposer) {
+    // Create a reactor which supports the kernel idle timer
+    auto idleReactor = VSyncReactor(std::make_unique<ClockWrapper>(mMockClock),
+                                    std::make_unique<VSyncDispatchWrapper>(mMockDispatch),
+                                    std::make_unique<VSyncTrackerWrapper>(mMockTracker),
+                                    kPendingLimit, true /* supportKernelIdleTimer */);
+
+    bool periodFlushed = true;
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mMockTracker, addVsyncTimestamp(_)).Times(5);
+    idleReactor.setIgnorePresentFences(true);
+
+    // First, set the same period, which should only be confirmed when we receive two
+    // matching callbacks
+    idleReactor.setPeriod(10000);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(idleReactor.addResyncSample(0, 0, &periodFlushed));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(periodFlushed);
+    // Correct period but incorrect timestamp delta
+    EXPECT_TRUE(idleReactor.addResyncSample(0, 10000, &periodFlushed));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(periodFlushed);
+    // Correct period and correct timestamp delta
+    EXPECT_FALSE(idleReactor.addResyncSample(10000, 10000, &periodFlushed));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(periodFlushed);
+
+    // Then, set a new period, which should be confirmed as soon as we receive a callback
+    // reporting the new period
+    nsecs_t const newPeriod = 5000;
+    idleReactor.setPeriod(newPeriod);
+    // Incorrect timestamp delta and period
+    EXPECT_TRUE(idleReactor.addResyncSample(20000, 10000, &periodFlushed));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(periodFlushed);
+    // Incorrect timestamp delta but correct period
+    EXPECT_FALSE(idleReactor.addResyncSample(20000, 5000, &periodFlushed));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(periodFlushed);
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(idleReactor.addPresentFence(generateSignalledFenceWithTime(0)));
+}
+
 using VSyncReactorDeathTest = VSyncReactorTest;
 TEST_F(VSyncReactorDeathTest, invalidRemoval) {
     mReactor.addEventListener(mName, mPhase, &outerCb, lastCallbackTime);