diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
index 23f185e..341fabb 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/Android.bp
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@
         "libincidentcompanion",
         "libdumpsys",
         "libserviceutils",
+        "android.tracing.flags_c_lib",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 5ee6b15..5f109fb 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -17,49 +17,9 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "dumpstate"
 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_ALWAYS
 
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <poll.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/poll.h>
-#include <sys/prctl.h>
-#include <sys/resource.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/capability.h>
-#include <sys/inotify.h>
-#include <sys/klog.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <chrono>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <functional>
-#include <future>
-#include <memory>
-#include <numeric>
-#include <regex>
-#include <set>
-#include <string>
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>
+#include "dumpstate.h"
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/dumpstate/IDumpstateDevice.h>
-#include <android_app_admin_flags.h>
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
@@ -74,6 +34,8 @@
 #include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
 #include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <android/os/IIncidentCompanion.h>
+#include <android_app_admin_flags.h>
+#include <android_tracing.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
 #include <cutils/native_handle.h>
@@ -81,21 +43,60 @@
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
 #include <cutils/trace.h>
 #include <debuggerd/client.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
 #include <dumpsys.h>
 #include <dumputils/dump_utils.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <log/log_read.h>
+#include <math.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
+#include <poll.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <private/android_logger.h>
 #include <serviceutils/PriorityDumper.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/capability.h>
+#include <sys/inotify.h>
+#include <sys/klog.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
 #include <vintf/VintfObject.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <future>
+#include <memory>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <regex>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
 #include "DumpstateInternal.h"
 #include "DumpstateService.h"
-#include "dumpstate.h"
 
 namespace dumpstate_hal_hidl_1_0 = android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_0;
 namespace dumpstate_hal_hidl = android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1;
@@ -3455,16 +3456,24 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> dumpTracesForBugReportCommands = {
-        {"dumpsys", "activity", "service", "SystemUIService", "WMShell", "protolog",
-         "save-for-bugreport"},
-        {"dumpsys", "activity", "service", "SystemUIService", "WMShell", "transitions", "tracing",
-         "save-for-bugreport"},
+    std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> dumpTracesForBugReportCommands = {
         {"cmd", "input_method", "tracing", "save-for-bugreport"},
         {"cmd", "window", "tracing", "save-for-bugreport"},
         {"cmd", "window", "shell", "tracing", "save-for-bugreport"},
     };
 
+    if (!android_tracing_perfetto_transition_tracing()) {
+        dumpTracesForBugReportCommands.push_back({"dumpsys", "activity", "service",
+                                                  "SystemUIService", "WMShell", "transitions",
+                                                  "tracing", "save-for-bugreport"});
+    }
+
+    if (!android_tracing_perfetto_protolog()) {
+        dumpTracesForBugReportCommands.push_back({"dumpsys", "activity", "service",
+                                                  "SystemUIService", "WMShell", "protolog",
+                                                  "save-for-bugreport"});
+    }
+
     for (const auto& command : dumpTracesForBugReportCommands) {
         RunCommand(
             // Empty name because it's not intended to be classified as a bugreport section.
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
index fc82886..2afabed 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
@@ -16,23 +16,7 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "dumpstate_test"
 
-#include "DumpstateInternal.h"
-#include "DumpstateService.h"
-#include "android/os/BnDumpstate.h"
 #include "dumpstate.h"
-#include "DumpPool.h"
-
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock-matchers.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <filesystem>
-#include <thread>
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/dumpstate/IDumpstateDevice.h>
 #include <android-base/file.h>
@@ -41,10 +25,27 @@
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
+#include <android_tracing.h>
 #include <cutils/log.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock-matchers.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
 
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include "DumpPool.h"
+#include "DumpstateInternal.h"
+#include "DumpstateService.h"
+#include "android/os/BnDumpstate.h"
+
 namespace android {
 namespace os {
 namespace dumpstate {
@@ -999,10 +1000,13 @@
 
 TEST_F(DumpstateTest, PreDumpUiData) {
     // These traces are always enabled, i.e. they are always pre-dumped
-    const std::vector<std::filesystem::path> uiTraces = {
-        std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/wm_transition_trace.winscope"},
-        std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/shell_transition_trace.winscope"},
-    };
+    std::vector<std::filesystem::path> uiTraces;
+    if (!android_tracing_perfetto_transition_tracing()) {
+        uiTraces.push_back(
+            std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/wm_transition_trace.winscope"});
+        uiTraces.push_back(
+            std::filesystem::path{"/data/misc/wmtrace/shell_transition_trace.winscope"});
+    }
 
     for (const auto traceFile : uiTraces) {
         std::system(("rm -f " + traceFile.string()).c_str());
diff --git a/include/android/surface_control.h b/include/android/surface_control.h
index cce2e46..321737e 100644
--- a/include/android/surface_control.h
+++ b/include/android/surface_control.h
@@ -528,9 +528,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Sets the desired extended range brightness for the layer. This only applies for layers whose
- * dataspace has RANGE_EXTENDED set on it.
- *
- * Available since API level 34.
+ * dataspace has RANGE_EXTENDED set on it. See: ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom, prefer
+ * using this API for formats that encode an HDR/SDR ratio as part of generating the buffer.
  *
  * @param surface_control The layer whose extended range brightness is being specified
  * @param currentBufferRatio The current hdr/sdr ratio of the current buffer as represented as
@@ -564,6 +563,12 @@
  *                     determined entirely by the dataspace being used (ie, typically SDR
  *                     however PQ or HLG transfer functions will still result in HDR)
  *
+ *                     When called after ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom, the
+ *                     desiredRatio will override the desiredHeadroom provided by
+ *                     ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom. Conversely, when called before
+ *                     ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom, the desiredHeadroom provided by
+ *.                    ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom will override the desiredRatio.
+ *
  *                     Must be finite && >= 1.0f
  *
  * Available since API level 34.
@@ -574,6 +579,45 @@
                                             float desiredRatio) __INTRODUCED_IN(__ANDROID_API_U__);
 
 /**
+ * Sets the desired hdr headroom for the layer. See: ASurfaceTransaction_setExtendedRangeBrightness,
+ * prefer using this API for formats that conform to HDR standards like HLG or HDR10, that do not
+ * communicate a HDR/SDR ratio as part of generating the buffer.
+ *
+ * @param surface_control The layer whose desired hdr headroom is being specified
+ *
+ * @param desiredHeadroom The desired hdr/sdr ratio as represented as peakHdrBrightnessInNits /
+ *                        targetSdrWhitePointInNits. This can be used to communicate the max
+ *                        desired brightness range of the panel. The system may not be able to, or
+ *                        may choose not to, deliver the requested range.
+ *
+ *                        While requesting a large desired ratio will result in the most
+ *                        dynamic range, voluntarily reducing the requested range can help
+ *                        improve battery life as well as can improve quality by ensuring
+ *                        greater bit depth is allocated to the luminance range in use.
+ *
+ *                        Default value is 0.0f and indicates that the system will choose the best
+ *                        headroom for this surface control's content. Typically, this means that
+ *                        HLG/PQ encoded content will be displayed with some HDR headroom greater
+ *                        than 1.0.
+ *
+ *                        When called after ASurfaceTransaction_setExtendedRangeBrightness, the
+ *                        desiredHeadroom will override the desiredRatio provided by
+ *                        ASurfaceTransaction_setExtendedRangeBrightness. Conversely, when called
+ *                        before ASurfaceTransaction_setExtendedRangeBrightness, the desiredRatio
+ *                        provided by ASurfaceTransaction_setExtendedRangeBrightness will override
+ *                        the desiredHeadroom.
+ *
+ *                        Must be finite && >= 1.0f or 0.0f to indicate there is no desired
+ *                        headroom.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 35.
+ */
+void ASurfaceTransaction_setDesiredHdrHeadroom(ASurfaceTransaction* transaction,
+                                               ASurfaceControl* surface_control,
+                                               float desiredHeadroom)
+        __INTRODUCED_IN(__ANDROID_API_V__);
+
+/**
  * Same as ASurfaceTransaction_setFrameRateWithChangeStrategy(transaction, surface_control,
  * frameRate, compatibility, ANATIVEWINDOW_CHANGE_FRAME_RATE_ONLY_IF_SEAMLESS).
  *
diff --git a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
index b92e504..ef96f80 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp
@@ -922,28 +922,10 @@
     flushIfNeeded();
 }
 
-status_t IPCThreadState::attemptIncStrongHandle(int32_t handle)
-{
-#if HAS_BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE
-    LOG_REMOTEREFS("IPCThreadState::attemptIncStrongHandle(%d)\n", handle);
-    mOut.writeInt32(BC_ATTEMPT_ACQUIRE);
-    mOut.writeInt32(0); // xxx was thread priority
-    mOut.writeInt32(handle);
-    status_t result = UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-
-    waitForResponse(NULL, &result);
-
-#if LOG_REFCOUNTS
-    ALOGV("IPCThreadState::attemptIncStrongHandle(%ld) = %s\n",
-        handle, result == NO_ERROR ? "SUCCESS" : "FAILURE");
-#endif
-
-    return result;
-#else
+status_t IPCThreadState::attemptIncStrongHandle(int32_t handle) {
     (void)handle;
     ALOGE("%s(%d): Not supported\n", __func__, handle);
     return INVALID_OPERATION;
-#endif
 }
 
 void IPCThreadState::expungeHandle(int32_t handle, IBinder* binder)
diff --git a/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp b/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
index 7564c26..1e0aacd 100644
--- a/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/LayerState.cpp
@@ -611,6 +611,10 @@
         desiredHdrSdrRatio = other.desiredHdrSdrRatio;
         currentHdrSdrRatio = other.currentHdrSdrRatio;
     }
+    if (other.what & eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged) {
+        what |= eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged;
+        desiredHdrSdrRatio = other.desiredHdrSdrRatio;
+    }
     if (other.what & eCachingHintChanged) {
         what |= eCachingHintChanged;
         cachingHint = other.cachingHint;
@@ -774,6 +778,7 @@
     CHECK_DIFF(diff, eDataspaceChanged, other, dataspace);
     CHECK_DIFF2(diff, eExtendedRangeBrightnessChanged, other, currentHdrSdrRatio,
                 desiredHdrSdrRatio);
+    CHECK_DIFF(diff, eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged, other, desiredHdrSdrRatio);
     CHECK_DIFF(diff, eCachingHintChanged, other, cachingHint);
     CHECK_DIFF(diff, eHdrMetadataChanged, other, hdrMetadata);
     if (other.what & eSurfaceDamageRegionChanged &&
diff --git a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
index 83c2b7f..4f1356b 100644
--- a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
@@ -1808,6 +1808,20 @@
     return *this;
 }
 
+SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction& SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction::setDesiredHdrHeadroom(
+        const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, float desiredRatio) {
+    layer_state_t* s = getLayerState(sc);
+    if (!s) {
+        mStatus = BAD_INDEX;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    s->what |= layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged;
+    s->desiredHdrSdrRatio = desiredRatio;
+
+    registerSurfaceControlForCallback(sc);
+    return *this;
+}
+
 SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction& SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction::setCachingHint(
         const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, gui::CachingHint cachingHint) {
     layer_state_t* s = getLayerState(sc);
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerState.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerState.h
index 920310e..0fedea7 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerState.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/LayerState.h
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
         eBackgroundBlurRadiusChanged = 0x80'00000000,
         eProducerDisconnect = 0x100'00000000,
         eFixedTransformHintChanged = 0x200'00000000,
-        /* unused 0x400'00000000, */
+        eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged = 0x400'00000000,
         eBlurRegionsChanged = 0x800'00000000,
         eAutoRefreshChanged = 0x1000'00000000,
         eStretchChanged = 0x2000'00000000,
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@
             layer_state_t::eSidebandStreamChanged | layer_state_t::eSurfaceDamageRegionChanged |
             layer_state_t::eTransformToDisplayInverseChanged |
             layer_state_t::eTransparentRegionChanged |
-            layer_state_t::eExtendedRangeBrightnessChanged;
+            layer_state_t::eExtendedRangeBrightnessChanged |
+            layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged;
 
     // Content updates.
     static constexpr uint64_t CONTENT_CHANGES = layer_state_t::BUFFER_CHANGES |
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
index 88a2c34..2888826 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -594,6 +594,7 @@
         Transaction& setDataspace(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, ui::Dataspace dataspace);
         Transaction& setExtendedRangeBrightness(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc,
                                                 float currentBufferRatio, float desiredRatio);
+        Transaction& setDesiredHdrHeadroom(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, float desiredRatio);
         Transaction& setCachingHint(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, gui::CachingHint cachingHint);
         Transaction& setHdrMetadata(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, const HdrMetadata& hdrMetadata);
         Transaction& setSurfaceDamageRegion(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc,
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/AndroidTest.xml b/libs/gui/tests/AndroidTest.xml
index 31b10d7..b4ccf87 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
         <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
         <option name="push" value="libgui_test->/data/local/tmp/libgui_test" />
     </target_preparer>
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DeviceSetup">
       <option name="force-skip-system-props" value="true" /> <!-- avoid restarting device -->
       <option name="screen-always-on" value="on" />
diff --git a/libs/input/Input.cpp b/libs/input/Input.cpp
index 0d29b4d..1c713f9 100644
--- a/libs/input/Input.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/Input.cpp
@@ -1037,6 +1037,9 @@
     if (event.getMetaState() != 0) {
         out << ", metaState=" << event.getMetaState();
     }
+    if (event.getFlags() != 0) {
+        out << ", flags=0x" << std::hex << event.getFlags() << std::dec;
+    }
     if (event.getEdgeFlags() != 0) {
         out << ", edgeFlags=" << event.getEdgeFlags();
     }
diff --git a/libs/ui/DisplayIdentification.cpp b/libs/ui/DisplayIdentification.cpp
index a45ffe1..82e5427 100644
--- a/libs/ui/DisplayIdentification.cpp
+++ b/libs/ui/DisplayIdentification.cpp
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
     return val ^ (val >> 47);
 }
 
+__attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
 uint64_t hash64Len16(uint64_t u, uint64_t v) {
     constexpr uint64_t kMul = 0x9ddfea08eb382d69;
     uint64_t a = (u ^ v) * kMul;
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@
     return b;
 }
 
+__attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
 uint64_t hash64Len0To16(const char* s, uint64_t len) {
     constexpr uint64_t k2 = 0x9ae16a3b2f90404f;
     constexpr uint64_t k3 = 0xc949d7c7509e6557;
@@ -401,4 +403,4 @@
     return hash64Len0To16(sv.data(), len);
 }
 
-} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
index 6719006..3a18f25 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
@@ -3422,6 +3422,9 @@
                             InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED)) {
                     resolvedFlags |= AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED;
                 }
+                if (dispatchEntry->targetFlags.test(InputTarget::Flags::NO_FOCUS_CHANGE)) {
+                    resolvedFlags |= AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE;
+                }
 
                 dispatchEntry->resolvedFlags = resolvedFlags;
                 if (resolvedAction != motionEntry.action) {
@@ -3496,8 +3499,7 @@
                              << "~ dropping inconsistent event: " << *dispatchEntry;
                 return; // skip the inconsistent event
             }
-
-            if ((resolvedMotion->flags & AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE) &&
+            if ((dispatchEntry->resolvedFlags & AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE) &&
                 (resolvedMotion->policyFlags & POLICY_FLAG_TRUSTED)) {
                 // Skip reporting pointer down outside focus to the policy.
                 break;
@@ -5612,6 +5614,8 @@
         if (canReceiveForegroundTouches(*toWindowHandle->getInfo())) {
             newTargetFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::FOREGROUND;
         }
+        // Transferring touch focus using this API should not effect the focused window.
+        newTargetFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::NO_FOCUS_CHANGE;
         state->addOrUpdateWindow(toWindowHandle, InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS, newTargetFlags,
                                  deviceId, pointers, downTimeInTarget);
 
@@ -7000,7 +7004,8 @@
 
     if (newWallpaper != nullptr) {
         nsecs_t downTimeInTarget = now();
-        ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> wallpaperFlags = oldTargetFlags & InputTarget::Flags::SPLIT;
+        ftl::Flags<InputTarget::Flags> wallpaperFlags = newTargetFlags;
+        wallpaperFlags |= oldTargetFlags & InputTarget::Flags::SPLIT;
         wallpaperFlags |= InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_OBSCURED |
                 InputTarget::Flags::WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED;
         state.addOrUpdateWindow(newWallpaper, InputTarget::DispatchMode::AS_IS, wallpaperFlags,
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputTargetFlags.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputTargetFlags.h
index 7497543..efebb18 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputTargetFlags.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputTargetFlags.h
@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@
      * the same UID from watching all touches. */
     ZERO_COORDS = 1 << 3,
 
+    /* This flag indicates that the event will not cause a focus change if it is directed to an
+     * unfocused window, even if it an ACTION_DOWN. This is typically used to allow gestures to be
+     * directed to an unfocused window without bringing it into focus. The motion event should be
+     * delivered with flag AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE. */
+    NO_FOCUS_CHANGE = 1 << 4,
+
     /* This flag indicates that the target of a MotionEvent is partly or wholly
      * obscured by another visible window above it.  The motion event should be
      * delivered with flag AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_WINDOW_IS_PARTIALLY_OBSCURED. */
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/include/InputDispatcherInterface.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/include/InputDispatcherInterface.h
index c8f3d05..36cebcc 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/include/InputDispatcherInterface.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/include/InputDispatcherInterface.h
@@ -140,7 +140,9 @@
      */
     virtual void setMaximumObscuringOpacityForTouch(float opacity) = 0;
 
-    /* Transfers touch focus from one window to another window.
+    /**
+     * Transfers touch focus from one window to another window. Transferring touch focus will not
+     * have any effect on the focused window.
      *
      * Returns true on success.  False if the window did not actually have touch focus.
      */
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Transfer touch focus to the provided channel, no matter where the current touch is.
+     * Transferring touch focus will not have any effect on the focused window.
      *
      * Return true on success, false if there was no on-going touch.
      */
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
index f3f15df..2baf576 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/InputDevice.cpp
@@ -265,6 +265,8 @@
         }
 
         if (!changes.any() || changes.test(Change::DISPLAY_INFO)) {
+            const auto oldAssociatedDisplayId = getAssociatedDisplayId();
+
             // In most situations, no port or name will be specified.
             mAssociatedDisplayPort = std::nullopt;
             mAssociatedDisplayUniqueId = std::nullopt;
@@ -306,6 +308,10 @@
                           getName().c_str(), mAssociatedDisplayUniqueId->c_str());
                 }
             }
+
+            if (getAssociatedDisplayId() != oldAssociatedDisplayId) {
+                bumpGeneration();
+            }
         }
 
         for_each_mapper([this, when, &readerConfig, changes, &out](InputMapper& mapper) {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/rust/lib.rs b/services/inputflinger/rust/lib.rs
index 25dfb03..4af7b84 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/rust/lib.rs
+++ b/services/inputflinger/rust/lib.rs
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@
 ///
 /// # Safety
 ///
-/// This function is safe iff `callback` is a valid pointer to an `AIBinder` interface of type
-/// `IInputFlingerRustBootstrapCallback`. The pointer must have had its reference count manually
-/// incremented using `AIBinder_incStrong`. See `binder::unstable_api::new_spibinder`.
+/// The provided `callback` must be a valid pointer to an `AIBinder` interface of type
+/// `IInputFlingerRustBootstrapCallback`, and the caller must give this function ownership of one
+/// strong refcount to the interface. See `binder::unstable_api::new_spibinder`.
 unsafe fn create_inputflinger_rust(callback: *mut ffi::IInputFlingerRustBootstrapCallbackAIBinder) {
     logger::init(
         logger::Config::default()
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
index 1630769..dd88165 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/GestureConverter_test.cpp
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 } // namespace
 
 using testing::AllOf;
+using testing::Each;
 using testing::ElementsAre;
 using testing::VariantWith;
 
@@ -117,15 +118,15 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10));
 
@@ -156,14 +157,15 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X + 10, POINTER_Y + 5),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(10, 5), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(10, 5), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePointerController->assertPosition(POINTER_X + 10, POINTER_Y + 5));
 }
@@ -183,25 +185,20 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Then release the left button
     Gesture leftUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
@@ -224,20 +221,16 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP)),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithButtonState(0),
+                                                         WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ButtonDownAfterMoveExitsHover) {
@@ -274,17 +267,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Move
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
@@ -307,23 +298,16 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP)),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithButtonState(0),
+                                                         WithCoords(POINTER_X - 5, POINTER_Y + 10),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll) {
@@ -340,20 +324,17 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithDownTime(downTime))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y - 10),
-                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
@@ -377,15 +358,14 @@
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll_Rotated) {
@@ -403,18 +383,16 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithDownTime(downTime))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X - 10, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
@@ -435,15 +413,14 @@
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X - 15, POINTER_Y),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Scroll_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -511,7 +488,6 @@
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, /*dx=*/-5,
                         /*dy=*/10);
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1u, args.size());
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                         WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE))));
@@ -554,46 +530,39 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX());
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX());
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX());
@@ -630,8 +599,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -640,22 +608,21 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ThreeFingerSwipe_Rotated) {
@@ -669,37 +636,35 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))));
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX() - 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX() - 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX() - 10);
@@ -730,21 +695,18 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
                                                   2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, FourFingerSwipe_Horizontal) {
@@ -757,56 +719,46 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Four fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(4u)));
     PointerCoords finger3Start = arg.pointerCoords[3];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0.01, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0.01, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(4u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX() + 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX() + 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX() + 10);
@@ -847,8 +799,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(4u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -857,8 +808,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -867,22 +817,21 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_Inwards) {
@@ -897,20 +846,20 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
                                           WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 0.8, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
@@ -935,20 +884,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_Outwards) {
@@ -963,20 +911,20 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X - 100, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
                                           WithPointerCoords(1, POINTER_X + 100, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 1.2, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
@@ -1001,20 +949,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Pinch_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -1084,26 +1031,21 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(0)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringScroll) {
@@ -1122,15 +1064,14 @@
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringThreeFingerSwipe) {
@@ -1151,8 +1092,7 @@
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -1160,20 +1100,19 @@
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, ResetDuringPinch) {
@@ -1193,20 +1132,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, FlingTapDown) {
@@ -1249,45 +1187,31 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTest, Click) {
@@ -1310,27 +1234,21 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
@@ -1340,22 +1258,18 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                              WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, TapWithTapToClickDisabled,
@@ -1448,33 +1362,28 @@
                          /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                          /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
     args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(6u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithButtonState(0)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(1),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithButtonState(0)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithButtonState(0)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
+                                          WithButtonState(0)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTest, ClickWithTapToClickDisabled,
@@ -1499,27 +1408,21 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
@@ -1530,22 +1433,18 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(POINTER_X, POINTER_Y),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Future taps should be re-enabled
     ASSERT_FALSE(mReader->getContext()->isPreventingTouchpadTaps());
@@ -1633,15 +1532,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(-5, 10), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // The same gesture again should only repeat the HOVER_MOVE, not the HOVER_ENTER.
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, moveGesture);
@@ -1665,15 +1564,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(0, 0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(10, 5),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithRelativeMotion(10, 5), WithButtonState(0),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ButtonsChange) {
@@ -1691,22 +1590,20 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY |
-                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                                          AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Then release the left button
     Gesture leftUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
@@ -1729,20 +1626,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP)),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ButtonDownAfterMoveExitsHover) {
@@ -1779,15 +1671,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Move
     Gesture moveGesture(kGestureMove, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, -5, 10);
@@ -1807,20 +1699,15 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP)),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll) {
@@ -1837,20 +1724,17 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithDownTime(downTime))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(0, -10),
-                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
@@ -1873,15 +1757,14 @@
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll_Rotated) {
@@ -1899,18 +1782,16 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithDownTime(downTime),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithDownTime(downTime))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
                                           WithCoords(-10, 0),
-                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 10, EPSILON)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture continueGesture(kGestureScroll, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, 0, -5);
     args = converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, continueGesture);
@@ -1931,15 +1812,14 @@
                                           WithCoords(-15, 0),
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
-                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                                  MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Scroll_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -2049,46 +1929,39 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX());
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX());
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX());
@@ -2125,8 +1998,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -2135,22 +2007,21 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(3),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ThreeFingerSwipe_Rotated) {
@@ -2164,37 +2035,35 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(4u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))));
 
     // Three fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, -0.01, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX() - 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX() - 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX() - 10);
@@ -2225,21 +2094,18 @@
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
                                                   2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
-                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, FourFingerSwipe_Horizontal) {
@@ -2252,56 +2118,46 @@
     std::list<NotifyArgs> args =
             converter.handleGesture(ARBITRARY_TIME, READ_TIME, ARBITRARY_TIME, startGesture);
     ASSERT_EQ(5u, args.size());
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
+                              WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     // Four fake fingers should be created. We don't actually care where they are, so long as they
     // move appropriately.
     NotifyMotionArgs arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
-                      WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithPointerCount(1u)));
     PointerCoords finger0Start = arg.pointerCoords[0];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(2u)));
     PointerCoords finger1Start = arg.pointerCoords[1];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        2 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(3u)));
     PointerCoords finger2Start = arg.pointerCoords[2];
     args.pop_front();
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                        3 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(4u)));
     PointerCoords finger3Start = arg.pointerCoords[3];
     args.pop_front();
 
     arg = std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front());
     ASSERT_THAT(arg,
                 AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE),
-                      WithGestureOffset(0.01, 0, EPSILON), WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
-                      WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                      WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                      WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)));
+                      WithGestureOffset(0.01, 0, EPSILON), WithPointerCount(4u)));
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[0].getX(), finger0Start.getX() + 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[1].getX(), finger1Start.getX() + 10);
     EXPECT_EQ(arg.pointerCoords[2].getX(), finger2Start.getX() + 10);
@@ -2342,8 +2198,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(4u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(4u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -2352,8 +2207,7 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -2362,22 +2216,21 @@
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithGestureSwipeFingerCount(4),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_Inwards) {
@@ -2392,20 +2245,18 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 0.8, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
@@ -2429,20 +2280,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_Outwards) {
@@ -2457,20 +2307,18 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithCoords(-100, 0), WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_DOWN |
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
-                                          WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPointerCoords(1, 100, 0), WithPointerCount(2u)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                        AllOf(WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
+                              WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
+                              WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                              WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture updateGesture(kGesturePinch, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                           /* dz= */ 1.1, GESTURES_ZOOM_UPDATE);
@@ -2494,20 +2342,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Pinch_ClearsClassificationAfterGesture) {
@@ -2577,25 +2424,21 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_SECONDARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(0)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringScroll) {
@@ -2614,15 +2457,14 @@
                                           WithGestureScrollDistance(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::TWO_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_IS_GENERATED_GESTURE))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringThreeFingerSwipe) {
@@ -2643,8 +2485,7 @@
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(3u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(3u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(
                                                   AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_UP |
@@ -2652,20 +2493,19 @@
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithGestureOffset(0, 0, EPSILON),
                                           WithMotionClassification(
                                                   MotionClassification::MULTI_FINGER_SWIPE),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ResetDuringPinch) {
@@ -2685,20 +2525,19 @@
                                                   1 << AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(2u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(2u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
                                           WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::PINCH),
                                           WithGesturePinchScaleFactor(1.0f, EPSILON),
-                                          WithPointerCount(1u), WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPointerCount(1u))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
                                           WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithMotionClassification(MotionClassification::NONE)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, FlingTapDown) {
@@ -2737,41 +2576,31 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, Click) {
@@ -2794,24 +2623,21 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
@@ -2822,21 +2648,18 @@
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
-                                          WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(0.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithButtonState(0), WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, TapWithTapToClickDisabled,
@@ -2929,33 +2752,28 @@
                          /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT,
                          /* up= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_LEFT, /* is_tap= */ true);
     args = converter.handleGesture(currentTime, currentTime, currentTime, tapGesture);
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(6u, args.size());
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f), WithButtonState(0)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(1),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
-                      WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY), WithButtonState(0),
-                      WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                      WithButtonState(0)));
-    args.pop_front();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<NotifyMotionArgs>(args.front()),
-                AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER), WithRelativeMotion(0, 0),
-                      WithButtonState(0)));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE),
+                                          WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP),
+                                          WithButtonState(0))),
+                            VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
+                                    AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_ENTER),
+                                          WithButtonState(0)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args, Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f))));
 }
 
 TEST_F_WITH_FLAGS(GestureConverterTestWithChoreographer, ClickWithTapToClickDisabled,
@@ -2981,24 +2799,21 @@
     ASSERT_THAT(args,
                 ElementsAre(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_EXIT),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER), WithButtonState(0),
-                                          WithPressure(0.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithButtonState(0), WithPressure(0.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f), WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))),
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f))),
                             VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(
                                     AllOf(WithMotionAction(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS),
                                           WithActionButton(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
                                           WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithCoords(0, 0), WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
-                                          WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
-                                          WithButtonState(AMOTION_EVENT_BUTTON_PRIMARY),
-                                          WithPressure(1.0f),
-                                          WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
+                                          WithPressure(1.0f)))));
+    ASSERT_THAT(args,
+                Each(VariantWith<NotifyMotionArgs>(AllOf(WithCoords(0, 0),
+                                                         WithRelativeMotion(0.f, 0.f),
+                                                         WithToolType(ToolType::FINGER),
+                                                         WithDisplayId(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT)))));
 
     Gesture buttonUpGesture(kGestureButtonsChange, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME, ARBITRARY_GESTURE_TIME,
                             /* down= */ GESTURES_BUTTON_NONE,
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
index 4c455f7..cb7791a 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
@@ -5381,9 +5381,11 @@
     sp<FakeWindowHandle> wallpaper =
             sp<FakeWindowHandle>::make(application, mDispatcher, "Wallpaper", ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     wallpaper->setIsWallpaper(true);
-    // Add the windows to the dispatcher
+    // Add the windows to the dispatcher, and ensure the first window is focused
     mDispatcher->onWindowInfosChanged(
             {{*firstWindow->getInfo(), *secondWindow->getInfo(), *wallpaper->getInfo()}, {}, 0, 0});
+    setFocusedWindow(firstWindow);
+    firstWindow->consumeFocusEvent(true);
 
     // Send down to the first window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN,
@@ -5393,6 +5395,8 @@
     firstWindow->consumeMotionDown();
     secondWindow->assertNoEvents();
     wallpaper->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, expectedWallpaperFlags);
+    // Dispatcher reports pointer down outside focus for the wallpaper
+    mFakePolicy->assertOnPointerDownEquals(wallpaper->getToken());
 
     // Transfer touch to the second window
     TransferFunction f = GetParam();
@@ -5400,15 +5404,17 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(success);
     // The first window gets cancel and the second gets down
     firstWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     wallpaper->consumeMotionCancel(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, expectedWallpaperFlags);
+    // There should not be any changes to the focused window when transferring touch
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFakePolicy->assertOnPointerDownWasNotCalled());
 
     // Send up event to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                                  ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT));
-    // The first  window gets no events and the second gets up
+    // The first window gets no events and the second gets up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     wallpaper->assertNoEvents();
 }
 
@@ -5455,7 +5461,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(success);
     // The first window gets cancel and the second gets down
     firstWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send up event to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
@@ -5463,7 +5469,7 @@
     // The first  window gets no events and the second+spy get up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
     spyWindow->consumeMotionUp();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 TEST_P(TransferTouchFixture, TransferTouch_TwoPointersNonSplitTouch) {
@@ -5506,22 +5512,24 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(success);
     // The first window gets cancel and the second gets down and pointer down
     firstWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerDown(1);
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerDown(1, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                           AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send pointer up to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(POINTER_1_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                                  ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {touchPoint, touchPoint}));
     // The first window gets nothing and the second gets pointer up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerUp(1);
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerUp(1, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                         AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send up event to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                                  ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT));
     // The first window gets nothing and the second gets up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 TEST_P(TransferTouchFixture, TransferTouch_MultipleWallpapers) {
@@ -5568,24 +5576,26 @@
 
     // The first window gets cancel and the second gets down
     firstWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     wallpaper1->consumeMotionCancel(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, expectedWallpaperFlags);
-    wallpaper2->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, expectedWallpaperFlags);
+    wallpaper2->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                  expectedWallpaperFlags | AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send up event to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                                  ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT));
     // The first  window gets no events and the second gets up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     wallpaper1->assertNoEvents();
-    wallpaper2->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, expectedWallpaperFlags);
+    wallpaper2->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                expectedWallpaperFlags | AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 // For the cases of single pointer touch and two pointers non-split touch, the api's
 // 'transferTouch' and 'transferTouchFocus' are equivalent in behaviour. They only differ
 // for the case where there are multiple pointers split across several windows.
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(TransferFunctionTests, TransferTouchFixture,
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InputDispatcherTransferFunctionTests, TransferTouchFixture,
                          ::testing::Values(
                                  [&](const std::unique_ptr<InputDispatcher>& dispatcher,
                                      sp<IBinder> /*ignored*/, sp<IBinder> destChannelToken) {
@@ -5638,7 +5648,8 @@
     mDispatcher->transferTouchFocus(firstWindow->getToken(), secondWindow->getToken());
     // The first window gets cancel and the new gets pointer down (it already saw down)
     firstWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerDown(1);
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerDown(1, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                           AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send pointer up to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(POINTER_1_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
@@ -5646,14 +5657,15 @@
                                                  {pointInFirst, pointInSecond}));
     // The first window gets nothing and the second gets pointer up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerUp(1);
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionPointerUp(1, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                         AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     // Send up event to the second window
     mDispatcher->notifyMotion(generateMotionArgs(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                                  ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT));
     // The first window gets nothing and the second gets up
     firstWindow->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 // Same as TransferTouchFocus_TwoPointersSplitTouch, but using 'transferTouch' api.
@@ -5764,21 +5776,23 @@
                                                 secondWindowInPrimary->getToken()));
     // The first window gets cancel.
     firstWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionCancel();
-    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionDown();
+    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                             AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
     firstWindowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionMove();
+    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                             AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
                              {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
     firstWindowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionUp();
+    secondWindowInPrimary->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 // Same as TransferTouchFocus_CloneSurface, but this touch on the secondary display and use
@@ -5824,20 +5838,22 @@
 
     // The first window gets cancel.
     firstWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionCancel(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
-    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID,
+                                               AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 SECOND_DISPLAY_ID, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
     firstWindowInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionMove(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionMove(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID,
+                                               AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
     firstWindowInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
-    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionUp(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    secondWindowInSecondary->consumeMotionUp(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
 }
 
 TEST_F(InputDispatcherTest, FocusedWindow_ReceivesFocusEventAndKeyEvent) {
@@ -10508,7 +10524,7 @@
                                                 /*isDragDrop=*/true);
         if (transferred) {
             mWindow->consumeMotionCancel();
-            mDragWindow->consumeMotionDown();
+            mDragWindow->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
         }
         return transferred;
     }
@@ -10522,7 +10538,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10531,7 +10547,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, 150, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
 
@@ -10540,7 +10556,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, -50, 50);
 
@@ -10548,7 +10564,7 @@
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
                              {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 }
@@ -10585,7 +10601,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10594,7 +10610,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, 150, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
 
@@ -10603,7 +10619,7 @@
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
                              {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, mSecondWindow->getToken());
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
@@ -10649,7 +10665,8 @@
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
 
     // Drag window should still receive the new event
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionEvent(WithMotionAction(ACTION_MOVE));
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionEvent(
+            AllOf(WithMotionAction(ACTION_MOVE), WithFlags(AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE)));
     mDragWindow->assertNoEvents();
 }
 
@@ -10664,7 +10681,7 @@
                                         .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(50).y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10676,7 +10693,7 @@
                                         .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(150).y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, mSecondWindow->getToken());
@@ -10689,7 +10706,7 @@
                                         .pointer(PointerBuilder(0, ToolType::STYLUS).x(150).y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 }
@@ -10707,7 +10724,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10716,7 +10733,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, 150, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10725,7 +10742,7 @@
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
                              {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, nullptr);
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
@@ -10794,7 +10811,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, secondFingerMoveEvent, INJECT_EVENT_TIMEOUT,
                                 InputEventInjectionSync::WAIT_FOR_RESULT));
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeMotionMove();
 
@@ -10808,7 +10825,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, secondFingerUpEvent, INJECT_EVENT_TIMEOUT,
                                 InputEventInjectionSync::WAIT_FOR_RESULT));
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, mWindow->getToken());
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->consumeMotionMove();
@@ -10849,7 +10866,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {50, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10858,7 +10875,7 @@
               injectMotionEvent(*mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, 150, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
 
@@ -10867,7 +10884,7 @@
               injectMotionUp(*mDispatcher, AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
                              {150, 50}))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, mSecondWindow->getToken());
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
@@ -10885,7 +10902,7 @@
                                                          .y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -10899,7 +10916,7 @@
                                                          .y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionMove(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mWindow->consumeDragEvent(true, 150, 50);
     mSecondWindow->consumeDragEvent(false, 50, 50);
 
@@ -10913,7 +10930,7 @@
                                                          .y(50))
                                         .build()))
             << "Inject motion event should return InputEventInjectionResult::SUCCEEDED";
-    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    mDragWindow->consumeMotionUp(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE);
     mFakePolicy->assertDropTargetEquals(*mDispatcher, mSecondWindow->getToken());
     mWindow->assertNoEvents();
     mSecondWindow->assertNoEvents();
@@ -10954,7 +10971,8 @@
     // Trigger cancel
     mDispatcher->cancelCurrentTouch();
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mSecondWindow->consumeMotionCancel());
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mDragWindow->consumeMotionCancel());
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mDragWindow->consumeMotionCancel(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT,
+                                                             AMOTION_EVENT_FLAG_NO_FOCUS_CHANGE));
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mSpyWindow->consumeMotionCancel());
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDispatcher->waitForIdle());
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
index c1dc7ff..476f755 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputReader_test.cpp
@@ -2893,9 +2893,12 @@
     mFakePolicy->addDisplayViewport(SECONDARY_DISPLAY_ID, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT,
                                     ui::ROTATION_0, /* isActive= */ true, DISPLAY_UNIQUE_ID,
                                     NO_PORT, ViewportType::INTERNAL);
+    const auto initialGeneration = mDevice->getGeneration();
     unused += mDevice->configure(ARBITRARY_TIME, mFakePolicy->getReaderConfiguration(),
                                  InputReaderConfiguration::Change::DISPLAY_INFO);
     ASSERT_EQ(DISPLAY_UNIQUE_ID, mDevice->getAssociatedDisplayUniqueId());
+    ASSERT_GT(mDevice->getGeneration(), initialGeneration);
+    ASSERT_EQ(mDevice->getDeviceInfo().getAssociatedDisplayId(), SECONDARY_DISPLAY_ID);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Display/DisplayModeRequest.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Display/DisplayModeRequest.h
index c0e77bb..ec3ec52 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Display/DisplayModeRequest.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Display/DisplayModeRequest.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <ftl/non_null.h>
 
 #include <scheduler/FrameRateMode.h>
@@ -36,4 +37,10 @@
     return lhs.mode == rhs.mode && lhs.emitEvent == rhs.emitEvent;
 }
 
+inline std::string to_string(const DisplayModeRequest& request) {
+    constexpr const char* kBool[] = {"false", "true"};
+    return base::StringPrintf("{mode=%s, emitEvent=%s, force=%s}", to_string(request.mode).c_str(),
+                              kBool[request.emitEvent], kBool[request.force]);
+}
+
 } // namespace android::display
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
index 45f08a4..62f8fb1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
@@ -530,16 +530,8 @@
 }
 
 auto DisplayDevice::setDesiredMode(display::DisplayModeRequest&& desiredMode) -> DesiredModeAction {
-    ATRACE_CALL();
-
-    const auto& desiredModePtr = desiredMode.mode.modePtr;
-
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(getPhysicalId() != desiredModePtr->getPhysicalDisplayId(),
-                        "DisplayId mismatch");
-
-    // TODO (b/318533819): Stringize DisplayModeRequest.
-    ALOGD("%s(%s, force=%s)", __func__, to_string(*desiredModePtr).c_str(),
-          desiredMode.force ? "true" : "false");
+    ATRACE_NAME(concatId(__func__).c_str());
+    ALOGD("%s %s", concatId(__func__).c_str(), to_string(desiredMode).c_str());
 
     std::scoped_lock lock(mDesiredModeLock);
     if (mDesiredModeOpt) {
@@ -556,7 +548,8 @@
 
     // If the desired mode is already active...
     const auto activeMode = refreshRateSelector().getActiveMode();
-    if (!desiredMode.force && activeMode.modePtr->getId() == desiredModePtr->getId()) {
+    if (const auto& desiredModePtr = desiredMode.mode.modePtr;
+        !desiredMode.force && activeMode.modePtr->getId() == desiredModePtr->getId()) {
         if (activeMode == desiredMode.mode) {
             return DesiredModeAction::None;
         }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
index bd5efc3..84f668d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
@@ -282,19 +282,28 @@
     return Error::NONE;
 }
 
-Error Display::getConnectionType(ui::DisplayConnectionType* outType) const {
-    if (mType != DisplayType::PHYSICAL) return Error::BAD_DISPLAY;
+ftl::Expected<ui::DisplayConnectionType, hal::Error> Display::getConnectionType() const {
+    if (!mConnectionType) {
+        mConnectionType = [this]() -> decltype(mConnectionType) {
+            if (mType != DisplayType::PHYSICAL) {
+                return ftl::Unexpected(Error::BAD_DISPLAY);
+            }
 
-    using ConnectionType = Hwc2::IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType;
-    ConnectionType connectionType;
-    const auto error = static_cast<Error>(mComposer.getDisplayConnectionType(mId, &connectionType));
-    if (error != Error::NONE) {
-        return error;
+            using ConnectionType = Hwc2::IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType;
+            ConnectionType connectionType;
+
+            if (const auto error = static_cast<Error>(
+                        mComposer.getDisplayConnectionType(mId, &connectionType));
+                error != Error::NONE) {
+                return ftl::Unexpected(error);
+            }
+
+            return connectionType == ConnectionType::INTERNAL ? ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal
+                                                              : ui::DisplayConnectionType::External;
+        }();
     }
 
-    *outType = connectionType == ConnectionType::INTERNAL ? ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal
-                                                          : ui::DisplayConnectionType::External;
-    return Error::NONE;
+    return *mConnectionType;
 }
 
 bool Display::hasCapability(DisplayCapability capability) const {
@@ -420,16 +429,11 @@
     // FIXME (b/319505580): At least the first config set on an external display must be
     // `setActiveConfig`, so skip over the block that calls `setActiveConfigWithConstraints`
     // for simplicity.
-    ui::DisplayConnectionType type = ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal;
     const bool connected_display = FlagManager::getInstance().connected_display();
-    if (connected_display) {
-        // Do not bail out on error, since the underlying API may return UNSUPPORTED on older HWCs.
-        // TODO: b/323905961 - Remove this AIDL call.
-        getConnectionType(&type);
-    }
 
     if (isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() &&
-        (!connected_display || type != ui::DisplayConnectionType::External)) {
+        (!connected_display ||
+         getConnectionType().value_opt() != ui::DisplayConnectionType::External)) {
         Hwc2::IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints hwc2Constraints;
         hwc2Constraints.desiredTimeNanos = constraints.desiredTimeNanos;
         hwc2Constraints.seamlessRequired = constraints.seamlessRequired;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
index f907061..de044e0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/expected.h>
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <ftl/expected.h>
 #include <ftl/future.h>
 #include <gui/HdrMetadata.h>
 #include <math/mat4.h>
@@ -120,7 +121,8 @@
     [[nodiscard]] virtual hal::Error getRequests(
             hal::DisplayRequest* outDisplayRequests,
             std::unordered_map<Layer*, hal::LayerRequest>* outLayerRequests) = 0;
-    [[nodiscard]] virtual hal::Error getConnectionType(ui::DisplayConnectionType*) const = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual ftl::Expected<ui::DisplayConnectionType, hal::Error> getConnectionType()
+            const = 0;
     [[nodiscard]] virtual hal::Error supportsDoze(bool* outSupport) const = 0;
     [[nodiscard]] virtual hal::Error getHdrCapabilities(
             android::HdrCapabilities* outCapabilities) const = 0;
@@ -213,7 +215,7 @@
     hal::Error getRequests(
             hal::DisplayRequest* outDisplayRequests,
             std::unordered_map<HWC2::Layer*, hal::LayerRequest>* outLayerRequests) override;
-    hal::Error getConnectionType(ui::DisplayConnectionType*) const override;
+    ftl::Expected<ui::DisplayConnectionType, hal::Error> getConnectionType() const override;
     hal::Error supportsDoze(bool* outSupport) const override EXCLUDES(mDisplayCapabilitiesMutex);
     hal::Error getHdrCapabilities(android::HdrCapabilities* outCapabilities) const override;
     hal::Error getOverlaySupport(aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::OverlayProperties*
@@ -294,6 +296,8 @@
 
     const hal::HWDisplayId mId;
     hal::DisplayType mType;
+    // Cached on first call to getConnectionType.
+    mutable std::optional<ftl::Expected<ui::DisplayConnectionType, hal::Error>> mConnectionType;
     bool mIsConnected = false;
 
     using Layers = std::unordered_map<hal::HWLayerId, std::weak_ptr<HWC2::impl::Layer>>;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWComposer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWComposer.cpp
index bac24c7..cfa0339 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWComposer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWComposer.cpp
@@ -364,15 +364,13 @@
     RETURN_IF_INVALID_DISPLAY(displayId, ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal);
     const auto& hwcDisplay = mDisplayData.at(displayId).hwcDisplay;
 
-    ui::DisplayConnectionType type;
-    const auto error = hwcDisplay->getConnectionType(&type);
-
-    const auto FALLBACK_TYPE = hwcDisplay->getId() == mPrimaryHwcDisplayId
-            ? ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal
-            : ui::DisplayConnectionType::External;
-
-    RETURN_IF_HWC_ERROR(error, displayId, FALLBACK_TYPE);
-    return type;
+    if (const auto connectionType = hwcDisplay->getConnectionType()) {
+        return connectionType.value();
+    } else {
+        LOG_HWC_ERROR(__func__, connectionType.error(), displayId);
+        return hwcDisplay->getId() == mPrimaryHwcDisplayId ? ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal
+                                                           : ui::DisplayConnectionType::External;
+    }
 }
 
 bool HWComposer::isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported(PhysicalDisplayId displayId) const {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
index 3ef9e69..ea06cf6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
@@ -381,6 +381,9 @@
         currentHdrSdrRatio = requested.currentHdrSdrRatio;
         desiredHdrSdrRatio = requested.desiredHdrSdrRatio;
     }
+    if (forceUpdate || requested.what & layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged) {
+        desiredHdrSdrRatio = requested.desiredHdrSdrRatio;
+    }
     if (forceUpdate || requested.what & layer_state_t::eCachingHintChanged) {
         cachingHint = requested.cachingHint;
     }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
index 2cf4c1b..cb0e2a1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
     z = 0;
     layerStack = ui::DEFAULT_LAYER_STACK;
     transformToDisplayInverse = false;
-    desiredHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
+    desiredHdrSdrRatio = -1.f;
     currentHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
     dataspaceRequested = false;
     hdrMetadata.validTypes = 0;
@@ -606,7 +606,8 @@
             layer_state_t::eShadowRadiusChanged | layer_state_t::eFixedTransformHintChanged |
             layer_state_t::eTrustedOverlayChanged | layer_state_t::eStretchChanged |
             layer_state_t::eBufferCropChanged | layer_state_t::eDestinationFrameChanged |
-            layer_state_t::eDimmingEnabledChanged | layer_state_t::eExtendedRangeBrightnessChanged;
+            layer_state_t::eDimmingEnabledChanged | layer_state_t::eExtendedRangeBrightnessChanged |
+            layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged;
     if (changedFlags & deniedChanges) {
         ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("%s: false [has denied changes flags 0x%" PRIx64 "]", __func__,
                               s.what & deniedChanges);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index 219a8e2..736fec6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -3395,6 +3395,14 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool Layer::setDesiredHdrHeadroom(float desiredRatio) {
+    if (mDrawingState.desiredHdrSdrRatio == desiredRatio) return false;
+    mDrawingState.desiredHdrSdrRatio = desiredRatio;
+    mDrawingState.modified = true;
+    setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool Layer::setCachingHint(gui::CachingHint cachingHint) {
     if (mDrawingState.cachingHint == cachingHint) return false;
     mDrawingState.cachingHint = cachingHint;
@@ -3991,6 +3999,13 @@
         }
     }
 
+    if (s.what & layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged) {
+        if (mDrawingState.desiredHdrSdrRatio != s.desiredHdrSdrRatio) {
+            ATRACE_FORMAT_INSTANT("%s: false [eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged changed]", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index dfd57c6..0ceecec 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
         bool autoRefresh = false;
         bool dimmingEnabled = true;
         float currentHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
-        float desiredHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
+        float desiredHdrSdrRatio = -1.f;
         gui::CachingHint cachingHint = gui::CachingHint::Enabled;
         int64_t latchedVsyncId = 0;
         bool useVsyncIdForRefreshRateSelection = false;
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@
     void setDesiredPresentTime(nsecs_t /*desiredPresentTime*/, bool /*isAutoTimestamp*/);
     bool setDataspace(ui::Dataspace /*dataspace*/);
     bool setExtendedRangeBrightness(float currentBufferRatio, float desiredRatio);
+    bool setDesiredHdrHeadroom(float desiredRatio);
     bool setCachingHint(gui::CachingHint cachingHint);
     bool setHdrMetadata(const HdrMetadata& /*hdrMetadata*/);
     bool setSurfaceDamageRegion(const Region& /*surfaceDamage*/);
@@ -546,7 +547,7 @@
         sp<IBinder> mReleaseBufferEndpoint;
 
         bool mFrameLatencyNeeded{false};
-        float mDesiredHdrSdrRatio = 1.f;
+        float mDesiredHdrSdrRatio = -1.f;
     };
 
     BufferInfo mBufferInfo;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
index f5aaf06..b92fa24 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp
@@ -43,16 +43,6 @@
     return nextVsyncTime - timing.readyDuration - timing.workDuration;
 }
 
-nsecs_t getExpectedCallbackTime(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now,
-                                const VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming& timing) {
-    const auto nextVsyncTime =
-            tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(std::max(timing.lastVsync,
-                                                          now + timing.workDuration +
-                                                                  timing.readyDuration),
-                                                 timing.lastVsync);
-    return getExpectedCallbackTime(nextVsyncTime, timing);
-}
-
 } // namespace
 
 VSyncDispatch::~VSyncDispatch() = default;
@@ -128,8 +118,11 @@
     return nextWakeupTime;
 }
 
-void VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::addPendingWorkloadUpdate(VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming timing) {
+nsecs_t VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::addPendingWorkloadUpdate(
+        VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now, VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming timing) {
     mWorkloadUpdateInfo = timing;
+    const auto armedInfo = update(tracker, now, timing, mArmedInfo);
+    return armedInfo.mActualWakeupTime;
 }
 
 bool VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::hasPendingWorkloadUpdate() const {
@@ -157,6 +150,31 @@
     return nextVsyncTime;
 }
 
+auto VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::update(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now,
+                                          VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming timing,
+                                          std::optional<ArmingInfo> armedInfo) const -> ArmingInfo {
+    const auto earliestReadyBy = now + timing.workDuration + timing.readyDuration;
+    const auto earliestVsync = std::max(earliestReadyBy, timing.lastVsync);
+
+    const auto nextVsyncTime =
+            adjustVsyncIfNeeded(tracker, /*nextVsyncTime*/
+                                tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(earliestVsync,
+                                                                     timing.lastVsync));
+    const auto nextReadyTime = nextVsyncTime - timing.readyDuration;
+    const auto nextWakeupTime = nextReadyTime - timing.workDuration;
+
+    bool const wouldSkipAVsyncTarget =
+            armedInfo && (nextVsyncTime > (armedInfo->mActualVsyncTime + mMinVsyncDistance));
+    bool const wouldSkipAWakeup =
+            armedInfo && (nextWakeupTime > (armedInfo->mActualWakeupTime + mMinVsyncDistance));
+    if (FlagManager::getInstance().dont_skip_on_early_ro() &&
+        (wouldSkipAVsyncTarget || wouldSkipAWakeup)) {
+        return *armedInfo;
+    }
+
+    return ArmingInfo{nextWakeupTime, nextVsyncTime, nextReadyTime};
+}
+
 void VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::update(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t now) {
     if (!mArmedInfo && !mWorkloadUpdateInfo) {
         return;
@@ -167,17 +185,7 @@
         mWorkloadUpdateInfo.reset();
     }
 
-    const auto earliestReadyBy = now + mScheduleTiming.workDuration + mScheduleTiming.readyDuration;
-    const auto earliestVsync = std::max(earliestReadyBy, mScheduleTiming.lastVsync);
-
-    const auto nextVsyncTime =
-            adjustVsyncIfNeeded(tracker, /*nextVsyncTime*/
-                                tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(earliestVsync,
-                                                                     mScheduleTiming.lastVsync));
-    const auto nextReadyTime = nextVsyncTime - mScheduleTiming.readyDuration;
-    const auto nextWakeupTime = nextReadyTime - mScheduleTiming.workDuration;
-
-    mArmedInfo = {nextWakeupTime, nextVsyncTime, nextReadyTime};
+    mArmedInfo = update(tracker, now, mScheduleTiming, mArmedInfo);
 }
 
 void VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry::disarm() {
@@ -394,8 +402,7 @@
      * timer recalculation to avoid cancelling a callback that is about to fire. */
     auto const rearmImminent = now > mIntendedWakeupTime;
     if (CC_UNLIKELY(rearmImminent)) {
-        callback->addPendingWorkloadUpdate(scheduleTiming);
-        return getExpectedCallbackTime(*mTracker, now, scheduleTiming);
+        return callback->addPendingWorkloadUpdate(*mTracker, now, scheduleTiming);
     }
 
     const ScheduleResult result = callback->schedule(scheduleTiming, *mTracker, now);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
index 81c746e..b5ddd25 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 
     // Adds a pending upload of the earliestVSync and workDuration that will be applied on the next
     // call to update()
-    void addPendingWorkloadUpdate(VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming);
+    nsecs_t addPendingWorkloadUpdate(VSyncTracker&, nsecs_t now, VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming);
 
     // Checks if there is a pending update to the workload, returning true if so.
     bool hasPendingWorkloadUpdate() const;
@@ -83,7 +83,15 @@
     void dump(std::string& result) const;
 
 private:
+    struct ArmingInfo {
+        nsecs_t mActualWakeupTime;
+        nsecs_t mActualVsyncTime;
+        nsecs_t mActualReadyTime;
+    };
+
     nsecs_t adjustVsyncIfNeeded(VSyncTracker& tracker, nsecs_t nextVsyncTime) const;
+    ArmingInfo update(VSyncTracker&, nsecs_t now, VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming,
+                      std::optional<ArmingInfo>) const;
 
     const std::string mName;
     const VSyncDispatch::Callback mCallback;
@@ -91,11 +99,6 @@
     VSyncDispatch::ScheduleTiming mScheduleTiming;
     const nsecs_t mMinVsyncDistance;
 
-    struct ArmingInfo {
-        nsecs_t mActualWakeupTime;
-        nsecs_t mActualVsyncTime;
-        nsecs_t mActualReadyTime;
-    };
     std::optional<ArmingInfo> mArmedInfo;
     std::optional<nsecs_t> mLastDispatchTime;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index d354e4b..5bb5508 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -3111,6 +3111,7 @@
         for (auto& [compositionDisplay, listener] : hdrInfoListeners) {
             HdrLayerInfoReporter::HdrLayerInfo info;
             int32_t maxArea = 0;
+
             auto updateInfoFn =
                     [&](const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Display>& compositionDisplay,
                         const frontend::LayerSnapshot& snapshot, const sp<LayerFE>& layerFe) {
@@ -3121,7 +3122,7 @@
                                         compositionDisplay->getOutputLayerForLayer(layerFe);
                                 if (outputLayer) {
                                     const float desiredHdrSdrRatio =
-                                            snapshot.desiredHdrSdrRatio <= 1.f
+                                            snapshot.desiredHdrSdrRatio < 1.f
                                             ? std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity()
                                             : snapshot.desiredHdrSdrRatio;
                                     info.mergeDesiredRatio(desiredHdrSdrRatio);
@@ -5559,6 +5560,11 @@
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
         }
     }
+    if (what & layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged) {
+        if (layer->setDesiredHdrHeadroom(s.desiredHdrSdrRatio)) {
+            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
+        }
+    }
     if (what & layer_state_t::eCachingHintChanged) {
         if (layer->setCachingHint(s.cachingHint)) {
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
@@ -5744,6 +5750,11 @@
             flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
         }
     }
+    if (what & layer_state_t::eDesiredHdrHeadroomChanged) {
+        if (layer->setDesiredHdrHeadroom(s.desiredHdrSdrRatio)) {
+            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
+        }
+    }
     if (what & layer_state_t::eBufferChanged) {
         std::optional<ui::Transform::RotationFlags> transformHint = std::nullopt;
         frontend::LayerSnapshot* snapshot = mLayerSnapshotBuilder.getSnapshot(layer->sequence);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
index 8cd6e1b..ff2ee7e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/fuzzer/surfaceflinger_scheduler_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -175,7 +175,8 @@
     auto const wakeup = entry.wakeupTime();
     auto const ready = entry.readyTime();
     entry.callback(entry.executing(), *wakeup, *ready);
-    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate({.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(*stubTracker, 0,
+                                   {.workDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                                     .readyDuration = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>(),
                                     .lastVsync = mFdp.ConsumeIntegral<nsecs_t>()});
     dump<scheduler::VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry>(&entry, &mFdp);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FlagManagerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FlagManagerTest.cpp
index 299e8aa..0adf0b6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FlagManagerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FlagManagerTest.cpp
@@ -114,7 +114,10 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(mFlagManager.add_sf_skipped_frames_to_trace());
 }
 
-TEST_F(FlagManagerTest, returnsOverrideFalse) {
+// disabling this test since we need to use a unique flag for this test,
+// but we only one server flag currently. Re-enable once we have a new flag
+// and change this test to use a unique flag.
+TEST_F(FlagManagerTest, DISABLED_returnsOverrideFalse) {
     mFlagManager.markBootCompleted();
 
     SET_FLAG_FOR_TEST(flags::refresh_rate_overlay_on_external_display, true);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/HWComposerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/HWComposerTest.cpp
index a25804c..2cff2f2 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/HWComposerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/HWComposerTest.cpp
@@ -102,6 +102,29 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mHwc.isHeadless());
 }
 
+TEST_F(HWComposerTest, getDisplayConnectionType) {
+    // Unknown display.
+    EXPECT_EQ(mHwc.getDisplayConnectionType(PhysicalDisplayId::fromPort(0)),
+              ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal);
+
+    constexpr hal::HWDisplayId kHwcDisplayId = 1;
+    expectHotplugConnect(kHwcDisplayId);
+
+    const auto info = mHwc.onHotplug(kHwcDisplayId, hal::Connection::CONNECTED);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(info);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getDisplayConnectionType(kHwcDisplayId, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType::EXTERNAL),
+                            Return(V2_4::Error::NONE)));
+
+    // The first call caches the connection type.
+    EXPECT_EQ(mHwc.getDisplayConnectionType(info->id), ui::DisplayConnectionType::External);
+
+    // Subsequent calls return the cached connection type.
+    EXPECT_EQ(mHwc.getDisplayConnectionType(info->id), ui::DisplayConnectionType::External);
+    EXPECT_EQ(mHwc.getDisplayConnectionType(info->id), ui::DisplayConnectionType::External);
+}
+
 TEST_F(HWComposerTest, getActiveMode) {
     // Unknown display.
     EXPECT_EQ(mHwc.getActiveMode(PhysicalDisplayId::fromPort(0)), ftl::Unexpected(BAD_INDEX));
@@ -449,7 +472,7 @@
                                     {kMetadata1Name, kMetadata1Mandatory},
                                     {kMetadata2Name, kMetadata2Mandatory},
                             }),
-                            Return(hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::Error::NONE)));
+                            Return(V2_4::Error::NONE)));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getOverlaySupport(_)).WillOnce(Return(HalError::NONE));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getHdrConversionCapabilities(_)).WillOnce(Return(HalError::NONE));
 
@@ -467,8 +490,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(HWComposerSetCallbackTest, handlesUnsupportedCallToGetLayerGenericMetadataKeys) {
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getCapabilities()).WillOnce(Return(std::vector<aidl::Capability>{}));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getLayerGenericMetadataKeys(_))
-            .WillOnce(Return(hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::Error::UNSUPPORTED));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getLayerGenericMetadataKeys(_)).WillOnce(Return(V2_4::Error::UNSUPPORTED));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getOverlaySupport(_)).WillOnce(Return(HalError::UNSUPPORTED));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, getHdrConversionCapabilities(_)).WillOnce(Return(HalError::UNSUPPORTED));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mHal, registerCallback(_));
@@ -528,7 +550,7 @@
                 setLayerGenericMetadata(kDisplayId, kLayerId, kLayerGenericMetadata1Name,
                                         kLayerGenericMetadata1Mandatory,
                                         kLayerGenericMetadata1Value))
-            .WillOnce(Return(hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::Error::NONE));
+            .WillOnce(Return(V2_4::Error::NONE));
     auto result = mLayer.setLayerGenericMetadata(kLayerGenericMetadata1Name,
                                                  kLayerGenericMetadata1Mandatory,
                                                  kLayerGenericMetadata1Value);
@@ -538,7 +560,7 @@
                 setLayerGenericMetadata(kDisplayId, kLayerId, kLayerGenericMetadata2Name,
                                         kLayerGenericMetadata2Mandatory,
                                         kLayerGenericMetadata2Value))
-            .WillOnce(Return(hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::Error::UNSUPPORTED));
+            .WillOnce(Return(V2_4::Error::UNSUPPORTED));
     result = mLayer.setLayerGenericMetadata(kLayerGenericMetadata2Name,
                                             kLayerGenericMetadata2Mandatory,
                                             kLayerGenericMetadata2Value);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
index c9a4094..eb4e84e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp
@@ -917,6 +917,8 @@
 // If the same callback tries to reschedule itself after it's too late, timer opts to apply the
 // update later, as opposed to blocking the calling thread.
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, skipsSchedulingIfTimerReschedulingIsImminentSameCallback) {
+    SET_FLAG_FOR_TEST(flags::dont_skip_on_early_ro, false);
+
     Sequence seq;
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 1630)).InSequence(seq);
@@ -939,6 +941,37 @@
 }
 
 // b/154303580.
+// If the same callback tries to reschedule itself after it's too late, timer opts to apply the
+// update later, as opposed to blocking the calling thread.
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, doesntSkipSchedulingIfTimerReschedulingIsImminentSameCallback) {
+    SET_FLAG_FOR_TEST(flags::dont_skip_on_early_ro, true);
+
+    Sequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 1630)).InSequence(seq);
+    CountingCallback cb(mDispatch);
+
+    auto result =
+            mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 400, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 1000});
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
+
+    mMockClock.setLag(100);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(620);
+
+    result = mDispatch->schedule(cb, {.workDuration = 370, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 2000});
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(600, *result);
+    mMockClock.advanceBy(80);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, cb.mCalls.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1000, cb.mCalls[0]);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, cb.mWakeupTime.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(600, cb.mWakeupTime[0]);
+}
+
+// b/154303580.
 TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest, skipsRearmingWhenNotNextScheduled) {
     Sequence seq;
     EXPECT_CALL(mMockClock, alarmAt(_, 600)).InSequence(seq);
@@ -1344,14 +1377,17 @@
                         .has_value());
 }
 
-TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, storesPendingUpdatesUntilUpdate) {
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntryTest, storesPendingUpdatesUntilUpdateAndDontSkip) {
     static constexpr auto effectualOffset = 200;
     VSyncDispatchTimerQueueEntry entry(
             "test", [](auto, auto, auto) {}, mVsyncMoveThreshold);
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
-    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate({.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 400});
-    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(
-            {.workDuration = effectualOffset, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 400});
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(*mStubTracker.get(), 0,
+                                   {.workDuration = 100, .readyDuration = 0, .lastVsync = 400});
+    entry.addPendingWorkloadUpdate(*mStubTracker.get(), 0,
+                                   {.workDuration = effectualOffset,
+                                    .readyDuration = 0,
+                                    .lastVsync = 400});
     EXPECT_TRUE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
     entry.update(*mStubTracker.get(), 0);
     EXPECT_FALSE(entry.hasPendingWorkloadUpdate());
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockHWC2.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockHWC2.h
index 7413235..602bdfc 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockHWC2.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockHWC2.h
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@
     MOCK_METHOD(hal::Error, getRequests,
                 (hal::DisplayRequest *, (std::unordered_map<Layer *, hal::LayerRequest> *)),
                 (override));
-    MOCK_METHOD(hal::Error, getConnectionType, (ui::DisplayConnectionType *), (const, override));
+    MOCK_METHOD((ftl::Expected<ui::DisplayConnectionType, hal::Error>), getConnectionType, (),
+                (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(hal::Error, supportsDoze, (bool *), (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(hal::Error, getHdrCapabilities, (android::HdrCapabilities *), (const, override));
     MOCK_METHOD(hal::Error, getDisplayedContentSamplingAttributes,