diff --git a/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.cpp b/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.cpp
index ded0ed3..203d748 100644
--- a/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.cpp
+++ b/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "bugreportz.h"
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -22,11 +26,6 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include <android-base/file.h>
-#include <android-base/strings.h>
-
-#include "bugreportz.h"
-
 static constexpr char BEGIN_PREFIX[] = "BEGIN:";
 static constexpr char PROGRESS_PREFIX[] = "PROGRESS:";
 
@@ -70,6 +69,30 @@
     }
     // Process final line, in case it didn't finish with newline
     write_line(line, show_progress);
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
 
+int bugreportz_stream(int s) {
+    while (1) {
+        char buffer[65536];
+        ssize_t bytes_read = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(s, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
+        if (bytes_read == 0) {
+            break;
+        } else if (bytes_read == -1) {
+            // EAGAIN really means time out, so change the errno.
+            if (errno == EAGAIN) {
+                errno = ETIMEDOUT;
+            }
+            printf("FAIL:Bugreport read terminated abnormally (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
+            return EXIT_FAILURE;
+        }
+
+        if (!android::base::WriteFully(android::base::borrowed_fd(STDOUT_FILENO), buffer,
+                                       bytes_read)) {
+            printf("Failed to write data to stdout: trying to send %zd bytes (%s)\n", bytes_read,
+                   strerror(errno));
+            return EXIT_FAILURE;
+        }
+    }
     return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }
diff --git a/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.h b/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.h
index 7af289b..cdeceae 100644
--- a/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.h
+++ b/cmds/bugreportz/bugreportz.h
@@ -19,4 +19,8 @@
 // Ownership of the socket is not transferred.
 int bugreportz(int s, bool show_progress);
 
+// Calls dumpstate using the given socket and write the file content to stdout
+// instead of file location. Ownership of the socket is not transferred.
+int bugreportz_stream(int s);
+
 #endif  // BUGREPORTZ_H
diff --git a/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp b/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
index 1d48e08..cd2652c 100644
--- a/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
+++ b/cmds/bugreportz/main.cpp
@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@
 
 #include "bugreportz.h"
 
-static constexpr char VERSION[] = "1.1";
+static constexpr char VERSION[] = "1.2";
 
 static void show_usage() {
     fprintf(stderr,
-            "usage: bugreportz [-hpv]\n"
+            "usage: bugreportz [-hpsv]\n"
             "  -h: to display this help message\n"
             "  -p: display progress\n"
+            "  -s: stream content to standard output\n"
             "  -v: to display the version\n"
             "  or no arguments to generate a zipped bugreport\n");
 }
@@ -43,10 +44,11 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     bool show_progress = false;
+    bool stream_data = false;
     if (argc > 1) {
         /* parse arguments */
         int c;
-        while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "hpv")) != -1) {
+        while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "hpsv")) != -1) {
             switch (c) {
                 case 'h':
                     show_usage();
@@ -54,6 +56,9 @@
                 case 'p':
                     show_progress = true;
                     break;
+                case 's':
+                    stream_data = true;
+                    break;
                 case 'v':
                     show_version();
                     return EXIT_SUCCESS;
@@ -75,7 +80,11 @@
     // should be reused instead.
 
     // Start the dumpstatez service.
-    property_set("ctl.start", "dumpstatez");
+    if (stream_data) {
+        property_set("ctl.start", "dumpstate");
+    } else {
+        property_set("ctl.start", "dumpstatez");
+    }
 
     // Socket will not be available until service starts.
     int s = -1;
@@ -103,7 +112,12 @@
                 strerror(errno));
     }
 
-    int ret = bugreportz(s, show_progress);
+    int ret;
+    if (stream_data) {
+        ret = bugreportz_stream(s);
+    } else {
+        ret = bugreportz(s, show_progress);
+    }
 
     if (close(s) == -1) {
         fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: error closing socket: %s\n", strerror(errno));
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 8bdde62..cbb74b3 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -719,6 +719,9 @@
     return timeout_ms > MINIMUM_LOGCAT_TIMEOUT_MS ? timeout_ms : MINIMUM_LOGCAT_TIMEOUT_MS;
 }
 
+// Opens a socket and returns its file descriptor.
+static int open_socket(const char* service);
+
 Dumpstate::ConsentCallback::ConsentCallback() : result_(UNAVAILABLE), start_time_(Nanotime()) {
 }
 
@@ -2287,20 +2290,18 @@
 
 static void ShowUsage() {
     fprintf(stderr,
-            "usage: dumpstate [-h] [-b soundfile] [-e soundfile] [-o directory] [-d] [-p] "
-            "[-z] [-s] [-S] [-q] [-P] [-R] [-L] [-V version]\n"
+            "usage: dumpstate [-h] [-b soundfile] [-e soundfile] [-o directory] [-p] "
+            "[-s] [-S] [-q] [-P] [-R] [-L] [-V version]\n"
             "  -h: display this help message\n"
             "  -b: play sound file instead of vibrate, at beginning of job\n"
             "  -e: play sound file instead of vibrate, at end of job\n"
             "  -o: write to custom directory (only in limited mode)\n"
-            "  -d: append date to filename\n"
             "  -p: capture screenshot to filename.png\n"
-            "  -z: generate zipped file\n"
-            "  -s: write output to control socket (for init)\n"
-            "  -S: write file location to control socket (for init; requires -z)\n"
+            "  -s: write zipped file to control socket (for init)\n"
+            "  -S: write file location to control socket (for init)\n"
             "  -q: disable vibrate\n"
             "  -P: send broadcast when started and do progress updates\n"
-            "  -R: take bugreport in remote mode (requires -z and -d, shouldn't be used with -P)\n"
+            "  -R: take bugreport in remote mode (shouldn't be used with -P)\n"
             "  -w: start binder service and make it wait for a call to startBugreport\n"
             "  -L: output limited information that is safe for submission in feedback reports\n"
             "  -v: prints the dumpstate header and exit\n");
@@ -2399,21 +2400,17 @@
 
 /*
  * Prepares state like filename, screenshot path, etc in Dumpstate. Also initializes ZipWriter
- * if we are writing zip files and adds the version file.
+ * and adds the version file. Return false if zip_file could not be open to write.
  */
-static void PrepareToWriteToFile() {
+static bool PrepareToWriteToFile() {
     MaybeResolveSymlink(&ds.bugreport_internal_dir_);
 
     std::string build_id = android::base::GetProperty("ro.build.id", "UNKNOWN_BUILD");
     std::string device_name = android::base::GetProperty("ro.product.name", "UNKNOWN_DEVICE");
     ds.base_name_ = StringPrintf("bugreport-%s-%s", device_name.c_str(), build_id.c_str());
-    if (ds.options_->do_add_date) {
-        char date[80];
-        strftime(date, sizeof(date), "%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", localtime(&ds.now_));
-        ds.name_ = date;
-    } else {
-        ds.name_ = "undated";
-    }
+    char date[80];
+    strftime(date, sizeof(date), "%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", localtime(&ds.now_));
+    ds.name_ = date;
 
     if (ds.options_->telephony_only) {
         ds.base_name_ += "-telephony";
@@ -2440,18 +2437,17 @@
         destination.c_str(), ds.base_name_.c_str(), ds.name_.c_str(), ds.log_path_.c_str(),
         ds.tmp_path_.c_str(), ds.screenshot_path_.c_str());
 
-    if (ds.options_->do_zip_file) {
-        ds.path_ = ds.GetPath(ds.CalledByApi() ? "-zip.tmp" : ".zip");
-        MYLOGD("Creating initial .zip file (%s)\n", ds.path_.c_str());
-        create_parent_dirs(ds.path_.c_str());
-        ds.zip_file.reset(fopen(ds.path_.c_str(), "wb"));
-        if (ds.zip_file == nullptr) {
-            MYLOGE("fopen(%s, 'wb'): %s\n", ds.path_.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        } else {
-            ds.zip_writer_.reset(new ZipWriter(ds.zip_file.get()));
-        }
-        ds.AddTextZipEntry("version.txt", ds.version_);
+    ds.path_ = ds.GetPath(ds.CalledByApi() ? "-zip.tmp" : ".zip");
+    MYLOGD("Creating initial .zip file (%s)\n", ds.path_.c_str());
+    create_parent_dirs(ds.path_.c_str());
+    ds.zip_file.reset(fopen(ds.path_.c_str(), "wb"));
+    if (ds.zip_file == nullptr) {
+        MYLOGE("fopen(%s, 'wb'): %s\n", ds.path_.c_str(), strerror(errno));
+        return false;
     }
+    ds.zip_writer_.reset(new ZipWriter(ds.zip_file.get()));
+    ds.AddTextZipEntry("version.txt", ds.version_);
+    return true;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2459,14 +2455,9 @@
  * printing zipped file status, etc.
  */
 static void FinalizeFile() {
-    bool do_text_file = true;
-    if (ds.options_->do_zip_file) {
-        if (!ds.FinishZipFile()) {
-            MYLOGE("Failed to finish zip file; sending text bugreport instead\n");
-            do_text_file = true;
-        } else {
-            do_text_file = false;
-        }
+    bool do_text_file = !ds.FinishZipFile();
+    if (do_text_file) {
+        MYLOGE("Failed to finish zip file; sending text bugreport instead\n");
     }
 
     std::string final_path = ds.path_;
@@ -2475,7 +2466,9 @@
         android::os::CopyFileToFile(ds.path_, final_path);
     }
 
-    if (ds.options_->use_control_socket) {
+    if (ds.options_->stream_to_socket) {
+        android::os::CopyFileToFd(ds.path_, ds.control_socket_fd_);
+    } else if (ds.options_->progress_updates_to_socket) {
         if (do_text_file) {
             dprintf(ds.control_socket_fd_,
                     "FAIL:could not create zip file, check %s "
@@ -2531,7 +2524,6 @@
             break;
         case Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_WEAR:
             options->do_progress_updates = true;
-            options->do_zip_file = true;
             options->do_screenshot = is_screenshot_requested;
             options->dumpstate_hal_mode = DumpstateMode::WEAR;
             break;
@@ -2544,7 +2536,6 @@
             break;
         case Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_WIFI:
             options->wifi_only = true;
-            options->do_zip_file = true;
             options->do_screenshot = false;
             options->dumpstate_hal_mode = DumpstateMode::WIFI;
             break;
@@ -2555,11 +2546,11 @@
 
 static void LogDumpOptions(const Dumpstate::DumpOptions& options) {
     MYLOGI(
-        "do_zip_file: %d do_vibrate: %d use_socket: %d use_control_socket: %d do_screenshot: %d "
+        "do_vibrate: %d stream_to_socket: %d progress_updates_to_socket: %d do_screenshot: %d "
         "is_remote_mode: %d show_header_only: %d telephony_only: %d "
         "wifi_only: %d do_progress_updates: %d fd: %d bugreport_mode: %s dumpstate_hal_mode: %s "
         "limited_only: %d args: %s\n",
-        options.do_zip_file, options.do_vibrate, options.use_socket, options.use_control_socket,
+        options.do_vibrate, options.stream_to_socket, options.progress_updates_to_socket,
         options.do_screenshot, options.is_remote_mode, options.show_header_only,
         options.telephony_only, options.wifi_only,
         options.do_progress_updates, options.bugreport_fd.get(), options.bugreport_mode.c_str(),
@@ -2570,11 +2561,6 @@
                                         const android::base::unique_fd& bugreport_fd_in,
                                         const android::base::unique_fd& screenshot_fd_in,
                                         bool is_screenshot_requested) {
-    // In the new API world, date is always added; output is always a zip file.
-    // TODO(111441001): remove these options once they are obsolete.
-    do_add_date = true;
-    do_zip_file = true;
-
     // Duplicate the fds because the passed in fds don't outlive the binder transaction.
     bugreport_fd.reset(dup(bugreport_fd_in.get()));
     screenshot_fd.reset(dup(screenshot_fd_in.get()));
@@ -2588,18 +2574,20 @@
     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dho:svqzpLPBRSV:w")) != -1) {
         switch (c) {
             // clang-format off
-            case 'd': do_add_date = true;            break;
-            case 'z': do_zip_file = true;            break;
             case 'o': out_dir = optarg;              break;
-            case 's': use_socket = true;             break;
-            case 'S': use_control_socket = true;     break;
+            case 's': stream_to_socket = true;       break;
+            case 'S': progress_updates_to_socket = true;    break;
             case 'v': show_header_only = true;       break;
             case 'q': do_vibrate = false;            break;
             case 'p': do_screenshot = true;          break;
             case 'P': do_progress_updates = true;    break;
             case 'R': is_remote_mode = true;         break;
             case 'L': limited_only = true;           break;
-            case 'V':                                break;  // compatibility no-op
+            case 'V':
+            case 'd':
+            case 'z':
+                // compatibility no-op
+                break;
             case 'w':
                 // This was already processed
                 break;
@@ -2628,19 +2616,15 @@
 }
 
 bool Dumpstate::DumpOptions::ValidateOptions() const {
-    if (bugreport_fd.get() != -1 && !do_zip_file) {
+    if (bugreport_fd.get() != -1 && stream_to_socket) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    if ((do_zip_file || do_add_date || do_progress_updates) && !OutputToFile()) {
+    if ((progress_updates_to_socket || do_progress_updates) && stream_to_socket) {
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (use_control_socket && !do_zip_file) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (is_remote_mode && (do_progress_updates || !do_zip_file || !do_add_date)) {
+    if (is_remote_mode && (do_progress_updates || stream_to_socket)) {
         return false;
     }
     return true;
@@ -2715,11 +2699,9 @@
  * The temporary bugreport is then populated via printfs, dumping contents of files and
  * output of commands to stdout.
  *
- * If zipping, the temporary bugreport file is added to the zip archive. Else it's renamed to final
- * text file.
+ * A bunch of other files and dumps are added to the zip archive.
  *
- * If zipping, a bunch of other files and dumps also get added to the zip archive. The log file also
- * gets added to the archive.
+ * The temporary bugreport file and the log file also get added to the archive.
  *
  * Bugreports are first generated in a local directory and later copied to the caller's fd
  * or directory if supplied.
@@ -2767,14 +2749,9 @@
     MYLOGD("dumpstate calling_uid = %d ; calling package = %s \n",
             calling_uid, calling_package.c_str());
 
-    // Redirect output if needed
-    bool is_redirecting = options_->OutputToFile();
-
     // TODO: temporarily set progress until it's part of the Dumpstate constructor
     std::string stats_path =
-        is_redirecting
-            ? android::base::StringPrintf("%s/dumpstate-stats.txt", bugreport_internal_dir_.c_str())
-            : "";
+        android::base::StringPrintf("%s/dumpstate-stats.txt", bugreport_internal_dir_.c_str());
     progress_.reset(new Progress(stats_path));
 
     if (acquire_wake_lock(PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, WAKE_LOCK_NAME) < 0) {
@@ -2797,35 +2774,33 @@
 
     // If we are going to use a socket, do it as early as possible
     // to avoid timeouts from bugreport.
-    if (options_->use_socket) {
-        if (!redirect_to_socket(stdout, "dumpstate")) {
-            return ERROR;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (options_->use_control_socket) {
+    if (options_->stream_to_socket || options_->progress_updates_to_socket) {
         MYLOGD("Opening control socket\n");
-        control_socket_fd_ = open_socket("dumpstate");
+        control_socket_fd_ = open_socket_fn_("dumpstate");
         if (control_socket_fd_ == -1) {
             return ERROR;
         }
-        options_->do_progress_updates = 1;
+        if (options_->progress_updates_to_socket) {
+            options_->do_progress_updates = 1;
+        }
     }
 
-    if (is_redirecting) {
-        PrepareToWriteToFile();
+    if (!PrepareToWriteToFile()) {
+        return ERROR;
+    }
 
-        if (options_->do_progress_updates) {
-            // clang-format off
-            std::vector<std::string> am_args = {
-                 "--receiver-permission", "android.permission.DUMP",
-            };
-            // clang-format on
-            // Send STARTED broadcast for apps that listen to bugreport generation events
-            SendBroadcast("com.android.internal.intent.action.BUGREPORT_STARTED", am_args);
-            if (options_->use_control_socket) {
-                dprintf(control_socket_fd_, "BEGIN:%s\n", path_.c_str());
-            }
+    // Interactive, wear & telephony modes are default to true.
+    // and may enable from cli option or when using control socket
+    if (options_->do_progress_updates) {
+        // clang-format off
+        std::vector<std::string> am_args = {
+                "--receiver-permission", "android.permission.DUMP",
+        };
+        // clang-format on
+        // Send STARTED broadcast for apps that listen to bugreport generation events
+        SendBroadcast("com.android.internal.intent.action.BUGREPORT_STARTED", am_args);
+        if (options_->progress_updates_to_socket) {
+            dprintf(control_socket_fd_, "BEGIN:%s\n", path_.c_str());
         }
     }
 
@@ -2840,40 +2815,38 @@
         Vibrate(150);
     }
 
-    if (options_->do_zip_file && zip_file != nullptr) {
+    if (zip_file != nullptr) {
         if (chown(path_.c_str(), AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
             MYLOGE("Unable to change ownership of zip file %s: %s\n", path_.c_str(),
-                   strerror(errno));
+                    strerror(errno));
         }
     }
 
     int dup_stdout_fd;
     int dup_stderr_fd;
-    if (is_redirecting) {
-        // Redirect stderr to log_path_ for debugging.
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup_stderr_fd = dup(fileno(stderr)));
-        if (!redirect_to_file(stderr, const_cast<char*>(log_path_.c_str()))) {
-            return ERROR;
-        }
-        if (chown(log_path_.c_str(), AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
-            MYLOGE("Unable to change ownership of dumpstate log file %s: %s\n", log_path_.c_str(),
-                   strerror(errno));
-        }
+    // Redirect stderr to log_path_ for debugging.
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup_stderr_fd = dup(fileno(stderr)));
+    if (!redirect_to_file(stderr, const_cast<char*>(log_path_.c_str()))) {
+        return ERROR;
+    }
+    if (chown(log_path_.c_str(), AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
+        MYLOGE("Unable to change ownership of dumpstate log file %s: %s\n", log_path_.c_str(),
+                strerror(errno));
+    }
 
-        // Redirect stdout to tmp_path_. This is the main bugreport entry and will be
-        // moved into zip file later, if zipping.
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup_stdout_fd = dup(fileno(stdout)));
-        // TODO: why not write to a file instead of stdout to overcome this problem?
-        /* TODO: rather than generating a text file now and zipping it later,
-           it would be more efficient to redirect stdout to the zip entry
-           directly, but the libziparchive doesn't support that option yet. */
-        if (!redirect_to_file(stdout, const_cast<char*>(tmp_path_.c_str()))) {
-            return ERROR;
-        }
-        if (chown(tmp_path_.c_str(), AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
-            MYLOGE("Unable to change ownership of temporary bugreport file %s: %s\n",
-                   tmp_path_.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        }
+    // Redirect stdout to tmp_path_. This is the main bugreport entry and will be
+    // moved into zip file later, if zipping.
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup_stdout_fd = dup(fileno(stdout)));
+    // TODO: why not write to a file instead of stdout to overcome this problem?
+    /* TODO: rather than generating a text file now and zipping it later,
+        it would be more efficient to redirect stdout to the zip entry
+        directly, but the libziparchive doesn't support that option yet. */
+    if (!redirect_to_file(stdout, const_cast<char*>(tmp_path_.c_str()))) {
+        return ERROR;
+    }
+    if (chown(tmp_path_.c_str(), AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
+        MYLOGE("Unable to change ownership of temporary bugreport file %s: %s\n",
+                tmp_path_.c_str(), strerror(errno));
     }
 
     // Don't buffer stdout
@@ -2927,14 +2900,10 @@
     }
 
     /* close output if needed */
-    if (is_redirecting) {
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dup_stdout_fd, fileno(stdout)));
-    }
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dup_stdout_fd, fileno(stdout)));
 
     // Zip the (now complete) .tmp file within the internal directory.
-    if (options_->OutputToFile()) {
-        FinalizeFile();
-    }
+    FinalizeFile();
 
     // Share the final file with the caller if the user has consented or Shell is the caller.
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK;
@@ -2977,11 +2946,9 @@
     progress_->Save();
     MYLOGI("done (id %d)\n", id_);
 
-    if (is_redirecting) {
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dup_stderr_fd, fileno(stderr)));
-    }
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dup_stderr_fd, fileno(stderr)));
 
-    if (options_->use_control_socket && control_socket_fd_ != -1) {
+    if (control_socket_fd_ != -1) {
         MYLOGD("Closing control socket\n");
         close(control_socket_fd_);
     }
@@ -3050,10 +3017,7 @@
 }
 
 void Dumpstate::EnableParallelRunIfNeeded() {
-    // The thread pool needs to create temporary files to receive dump results.
-    // That's why we only enable it when the bugreport client chooses to output
-    // to a file.
-    if (!PropertiesHelper::IsParallelRun() || !options_->OutputToFile()) {
+    if (!PropertiesHelper::IsParallelRun()) {
         return;
     }
     dump_pool_ = std::make_unique<DumpPool>(bugreport_internal_dir_);
@@ -3198,7 +3162,8 @@
       options_(new Dumpstate::DumpOptions()),
       last_reported_percent_progress_(0),
       version_(version),
-      now_(time(nullptr)) {
+      now_(time(nullptr)),
+      open_socket_fn_(open_socket) {
 }
 
 Dumpstate& Dumpstate::GetInstance() {
@@ -3832,7 +3797,7 @@
     RunCommand(title, dumpsys, options, false, out_fd);
 }
 
-int open_socket(const char *service) {
+static int open_socket(const char* service) {
     int s = android_get_control_socket(service);
     if (s < 0) {
         MYLOGE("android_get_control_socket(%s): %s\n", service, strerror(errno));
@@ -3867,19 +3832,6 @@
     return fd;
 }
 
-/* redirect output to a service control socket */
-bool redirect_to_socket(FILE* redirect, const char* service) {
-    int fd = open_socket(service);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    fflush(redirect);
-    // TODO: handle dup2 failure
-    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(fd, fileno(redirect)));
-    close(fd);
-    return true;
-}
-
 // TODO: should call is_valid_output_file and/or be merged into it.
 void create_parent_dirs(const char *path) {
     char *chp = const_cast<char *> (path);
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
index 3b9b1b7..255243f 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 
 class DumpstateTest;
 class ProgressTest;
+class ZippedBugReportStreamTest;
 
 }  // namespace dumpstate
 }  // namespace os
@@ -197,6 +198,7 @@
  */
 class Dumpstate {
     friend class android::os::dumpstate::DumpstateTest;
+    friend class android::os::dumpstate::ZippedBugReportStreamTest;
 
   public:
     enum RunStatus { OK, HELP, INVALID_INPUT, ERROR, USER_CONSENT_DENIED, USER_CONSENT_TIMED_OUT };
@@ -388,12 +390,11 @@
      * Structure to hold options that determine the behavior of dumpstate.
      */
     struct DumpOptions {
-        bool do_add_date = false;
-        bool do_zip_file = false;
         bool do_vibrate = true;
-        // Writes bugreport content to a socket; only flatfile format is supported.
-        bool use_socket = false;
-        bool use_control_socket = false;
+        // Writes bugreport zipped file to a socket.
+        bool stream_to_socket = false;
+        // Writes generation progress updates to a socket.
+        bool progress_updates_to_socket = false;
         bool do_screenshot = false;
         bool is_screenshot_copied = false;
         bool is_remote_mode = false;
@@ -434,13 +435,6 @@
         /* Returns true if the options set so far are consistent. */
         bool ValidateOptions() const;
 
-        /* Returns if options specified require writing bugreport to a file */
-        bool OutputToFile() const {
-            // If we are not writing to socket, we will write to a file. If bugreport_fd is
-            // specified, it is preferred. If not bugreport is written to /bugreports.
-            return !use_socket;
-        }
-
         /* Returns if options specified require writing to custom file location */
         bool OutputToCustomFile() {
             // Custom location is only honored in limited mode.
@@ -466,7 +460,8 @@
 
     std::unique_ptr<Progress> progress_;
 
-    // When set, defines a socket file-descriptor use to report progress to bugreportz.
+    // When set, defines a socket file-descriptor use to report progress to bugreportz
+    // or to stream the zipped file to.
     int control_socket_fd_ = -1;
 
     // Bugreport format version;
@@ -478,8 +473,8 @@
     // `bugreport-BUILD_ID`.
     std::string base_name_;
 
-    // Name is the suffix part of the bugreport files - it's typically the date (when invoked with
-    // `-d`), but it could be changed by the user..
+    // Name is the suffix part of the bugreport files - it's typically the date,
+    // but it could be changed by the user..
     std::string name_;
 
     std::string bugreport_internal_dir_ = DUMPSTATE_DIRECTORY;
@@ -567,6 +562,8 @@
     // called by Shell.
     RunStatus CopyBugreportIfUserConsented(int32_t calling_uid);
 
+    std::function<int(const char *)> open_socket_fn_;
+
     // Used by GetInstance() only.
     explicit Dumpstate(const std::string& version = VERSION_CURRENT);
 
@@ -600,16 +597,6 @@
 int dump_files(const std::string& title, const char* dir, bool (*skip)(const char* path),
                int (*dump_from_fd)(const char* title, const char* path, int fd));
 
-/** opens a socket and returns its file descriptor */
-int open_socket(const char *service);
-
-/*
- * Redirects 'redirect' to a service control socket.
- *
- * Returns true if redirect succeeds.
- */
-bool redirect_to_socket(FILE* redirect, const char* service);
-
 /*
  * Redirects 'redirect' to a file indicated by 'path', truncating it.
  *
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.rc b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.rc
index e491a4b..a80da4e 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.rc
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.rc
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 # dumpstatez generates a zipped bugreport but also uses a socket to print the file location once
 # it is finished.
-service dumpstatez /system/bin/dumpstate -S -d -z
+service dumpstatez /system/bin/dumpstate -S
     socket dumpstate stream 0660 shell log
     class main
     disabled
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_smoke_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_smoke_test.cpp
index 70bdbcc..fe6a34a 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_smoke_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_smoke_test.cpp
@@ -209,9 +209,7 @@
     static void GenerateBugreport() {
         // clang-format off
         char* argv[] = {
-            (char*)"dumpstate",
-            (char*)"-d",
-            (char*)"-z"
+            (char*)"dumpstate"
         };
         // clang-format on
         sp<DumpstateListener> listener(new DumpstateListener(dup(fileno(stdout)), sections));
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
index fdeea24..b2518ad 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/tests/dumpstate_test.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define LOG_TAG "dumpstate"
-#include <cutils/log.h>
+#define LOG_TAG "dumpstate_test"
 
 #include "DumpstateInternal.h"
 #include "DumpstateService.h"
@@ -24,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "DumpPool.h"
 
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock-matchers.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
+#include <cutils/log.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace os {
@@ -175,11 +177,9 @@
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
 
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_EQ("", options_.out_dir);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
@@ -194,17 +194,13 @@
     char* argv[] = {
         const_cast<char*>("dumpstatez"),
         const_cast<char*>("-S"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-d"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-z"),
     };
     // clang-format on
 
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
@@ -212,7 +208,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
@@ -228,13 +224,11 @@
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.stream_to_socket);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_zip_file);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
@@ -245,105 +239,93 @@
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeFullBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_FULL, fd, fd, true);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_screenshot);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::FULL);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeInteractiveBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_INTERACTIVE, fd, fd, true);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::INTERACTIVE);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeRemoteBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_REMOTE, fd, fd, false);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.is_remote_mode);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_vibrate);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::REMOTE);
 
     // Other options retain default values
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeWearBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_WEAR, fd, fd, true);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_screenshot);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::WEAR);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeTelephonyBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_TELEPHONY, fd, fd, false);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.telephony_only);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::CONNECTIVITY);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, InitializeWifiBugReport) {
     options_.Initialize(Dumpstate::BugreportMode::BUGREPORT_WIFI, fd, fd, false);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.wifi_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::WIFI);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
 
@@ -352,8 +334,6 @@
     char* argv[] = {
         const_cast<char*>("dumpstatez"),
         const_cast<char*>("-S"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-d"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-z"),
         const_cast<char*>("-q"),
         const_cast<char*>("-L"),
         const_cast<char*>("-o abc")
@@ -363,9 +343,7 @@
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_vibrate);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(" abc", std::string(options_.out_dir));
@@ -375,7 +353,7 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_screenshot);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
 
@@ -392,18 +370,16 @@
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_screenshot);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_vibrate);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_progress_updates);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.is_remote_mode);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.wifi_only);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
 }
@@ -412,8 +388,6 @@
     // clang-format off
     char* argv[] = {
         const_cast<char*>("dumpstate"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-d"),
-        const_cast<char*>("-z"),
         const_cast<char*>("-s"),
         const_cast<char*>("-S"),
 
@@ -423,11 +397,9 @@
     Dumpstate::RunStatus status = options_.Initialize(ARRAY_SIZE(argv), argv);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.do_zip_file);
     // TODO: Maybe we should trim the filename
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_socket);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.stream_to_socket);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
 
     // Other options retain default values
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.show_header_only);
@@ -461,10 +433,8 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.is_remote_mode);
 
     // Other options retain default values
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_add_date);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.do_zip_file);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_socket);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.use_control_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.stream_to_socket);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.progress_updates_to_socket);
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.limited_only);
     EXPECT_EQ(options_.dumpstate_hal_mode, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT);
 }
@@ -497,40 +467,31 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(status, Dumpstate::RunStatus::INVALID_INPUT);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsNeedOutfile1) {
-    options_.do_zip_file = true;
-    // Writing to socket = !writing to file.
-    options_.use_socket = true;
+TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsSocketUsage1) {
+    options_.progress_updates_to_socket = true;
+    options_.stream_to_socket = true;
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 
-    options_.use_socket = false;
+    options_.stream_to_socket = false;
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 }
 
-TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsNeedOutfile2) {
+TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsSocketUsage2) {
     options_.do_progress_updates = true;
     // Writing to socket = !writing to file.
-    options_.use_socket = true;
+    options_.stream_to_socket = true;
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 
-    options_.use_socket = false;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(options_.ValidateOptions());
-}
-
-TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsNeedZipfile) {
-    options_.use_control_socket = true;
-    EXPECT_FALSE(options_.ValidateOptions());
-
-    options_.do_zip_file = true;
+    options_.stream_to_socket = false;
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 }
 
 TEST_F(DumpOptionsTest, ValidateOptionsRemoteMode) {
+    options_.do_progress_updates = true;
     options_.is_remote_mode = true;
     EXPECT_FALSE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 
-    options_.do_zip_file = true;
-    options_.do_add_date = true;
+    options_.do_progress_updates = false;
     EXPECT_TRUE(options_.ValidateOptions());
 }
 
@@ -1017,23 +978,13 @@
     ds.listener_.clear();
 }
 
-TEST_F(DumpstateTest, DumpPool_withOutputToFileAndParallelRunEnabled_notNull) {
-    ds.options_->use_socket = false;
+TEST_F(DumpstateTest, DumpPool_withParallelRunEnabled_notNull) {
     SetParallelRun(true);
     EnableParallelRunIfNeeded();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(ds.options_->OutputToFile());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ds.zip_entry_tasks_);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ds.dump_pool_);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DumpstateTest, DumpPool_withNotOutputToFile_isNull) {
-    ds.options_->use_socket = true;
-    EnableParallelRunIfNeeded();
-    EXPECT_FALSE(ds.options_->OutputToFile());
-    EXPECT_FALSE(ds.zip_entry_tasks_);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(ds.dump_pool_);
-}
-
 TEST_F(DumpstateTest, DumpPool_withParallelRunDisabled_isNull) {
     SetParallelRun(false);
     EnableParallelRunIfNeeded();
@@ -1041,6 +992,69 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(ds.dump_pool_);
 }
 
+class ZippedBugReportStreamTest : public DumpstateBaseTest {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() {
+        DumpstateBaseTest::SetUp();
+        ds_.options_.reset(new Dumpstate::DumpOptions());
+    }
+    void TearDown() {
+        CloseArchive(handle_);
+    }
+
+    // Set bugreport mode and options before here.
+    void GenerateBugreport() {
+        ds_.Initialize();
+        EXPECT_EQ(Dumpstate::RunStatus::OK, ds_.Run(/*calling_uid=*/-1, /*calling_package=*/""));
+    }
+
+    // Most bugreports droproot, ensure the file can be opened by shell to verify file content.
+    void CreateFd(const std::string& path, android::base::unique_fd* out_fd) {
+        out_fd->reset(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(),
+                                              O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW,
+                                              S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)));
+        ASSERT_GE(out_fd->get(), 0) << "could not create FD for path " << path;
+    }
+
+    void VerifyEntry(const ZipArchiveHandle archive, const std::string_view entry_name,
+                     ZipEntry* data) {
+        int32_t e = FindEntry(archive, entry_name, data);
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, e) << ErrorCodeString(e) << " entry name: " << entry_name;
+    }
+
+    // While testing dumpstate in process, using STDOUT may get confused about
+    // the internal fd redirection. Redirect to a dedicate fd to save content.
+    void RedirectOutputToFd(android::base::unique_fd& ufd) {
+        ds_.open_socket_fn_ = [&](const char*) -> int { return ufd.release(); };
+    };
+
+    Dumpstate& ds_ = Dumpstate::GetInstance();
+    ZipArchiveHandle handle_;
+};
+
+// Generate a quick wifi report redirected to a file, open it and verify entry exist.
+TEST_F(ZippedBugReportStreamTest, StreamWifiReport) {
+    std::string out_path = kTestDataPath + "out.zip";
+    android::base::unique_fd out_fd;
+    CreateFd(out_path, &out_fd);
+    ds_.options_->wifi_only = true;
+    ds_.options_->stream_to_socket = true;
+    RedirectOutputToFd(out_fd);
+
+    GenerateBugreport();
+    OpenArchive(out_path.c_str(), &handle_);
+
+    ZipEntry entry;
+    VerifyEntry(handle_, "main_entry.txt", &entry);
+    std::string bugreport_txt_name;
+    bugreport_txt_name.resize(entry.uncompressed_length);
+    ExtractToMemory(handle_, &entry, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(bugreport_txt_name.data()),
+                    entry.uncompressed_length);
+    EXPECT_THAT(bugreport_txt_name,
+                testing::ContainsRegex("(bugreport-.+-wifi(-[[:digit:]]+){6}\\.txt)"));
+    VerifyEntry(handle_, bugreport_txt_name, &entry);
+}
+
 class DumpstateServiceTest : public DumpstateBaseTest {
   public:
     DumpstateService dss;
diff --git a/cmds/installd/QuotaUtils.cpp b/cmds/installd/QuotaUtils.cpp
index e080291..6027139 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/QuotaUtils.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/QuotaUtils.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /* Map of all quota mounts from target to source */
 std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> mQuotaReverseMounts;
 
-std::string& FindQuotaDeviceForUuid(const std::string& uuid) {
+std::string FindQuotaDeviceForUuid(const std::string& uuid) {
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mMountsLock);
     auto path = create_data_path(uuid.empty() ? nullptr : uuid.c_str());
     return mQuotaReverseMounts[path];
diff --git a/data/etc/android.hardware.uwb.xml b/data/etc/android.hardware.uwb.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..794ba27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/etc/android.hardware.uwb.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- Adds the feature indicating support for the Ultra Wideband API -->
+<permissions>
+    <feature name="android.hardware.uwb" />
+</permissions>
diff --git a/libs/binder/Android.bp b/libs/binder/Android.bp
index 015954d..90feedd 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/Android.bp
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
+        "-Wextra-semi",
         "-Werror",
         "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant",
         "-DANDROID_BASE_UNIQUE_FD_DISABLE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSION",
diff --git a/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
index cf9bb46..08169f5 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IActivityManager.cpp
@@ -135,6 +135,6 @@
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ActivityManager, "android.app.IActivityManager");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ActivityManager, "android.app.IActivityManager")
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/IAppOpsCallback.cpp b/libs/binder/IAppOpsCallback.cpp
index b9eb281..2b3f462 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IAppOpsCallback.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IAppOpsCallback.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(AppOpsCallback, "com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsCallback");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(AppOpsCallback, "com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsCallback")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp b/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
index ee0cd62..1897969 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IAppOpsService.cpp
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(AppOpsService, "com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(AppOpsService, "com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IBatteryStats.cpp b/libs/binder/IBatteryStats.cpp
index a47dbac..d0085df 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IBatteryStats.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IBatteryStats.cpp
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
 
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(BatteryStats, "com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(BatteryStats, "com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IMediaResourceMonitor.cpp b/libs/binder/IMediaResourceMonitor.cpp
index 5f3d670..f5fa817 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IMediaResourceMonitor.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IMediaResourceMonitor.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MediaResourceMonitor, "android.media.IMediaResourceMonitor");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MediaResourceMonitor, "android.media.IMediaResourceMonitor")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp b/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
index d8b44f9..cca8f81 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IMemory.cpp
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(Memory, "android.utils.IMemory");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(Memory, "android.utils.IMemory")
 
 BnMemory::BnMemory() {
 }
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MemoryHeap, "android.utils.IMemoryHeap");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MemoryHeap, "android.utils.IMemoryHeap")
 
 BnMemoryHeap::BnMemoryHeap() {
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/IPermissionController.cpp b/libs/binder/IPermissionController.cpp
index d9bf3cc..f94f413 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IPermissionController.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IPermissionController.cpp
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(PermissionController, "android.os.IPermissionController");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(PermissionController, "android.os.IPermissionController")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IProcessInfoService.cpp b/libs/binder/IProcessInfoService.cpp
index a38a27a..570edb9 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IProcessInfoService.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IProcessInfoService.cpp
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ProcessInfoService, "android.os.IProcessInfoService");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ProcessInfoService, "android.os.IProcessInfoService")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IResultReceiver.cpp b/libs/binder/IResultReceiver.cpp
index 556288c..cd92217 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IResultReceiver.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IResultReceiver.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ResultReceiver, "com.android.internal.os.IResultReceiver");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ResultReceiver, "com.android.internal.os.IResultReceiver")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IShellCallback.cpp b/libs/binder/IShellCallback.cpp
index a3e2b67..86dd5c4 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IShellCallback.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IShellCallback.cpp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ShellCallback, "com.android.internal.os.IShellCallback");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(ShellCallback, "com.android.internal.os.IShellCallback")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IUidObserver.cpp b/libs/binder/IUidObserver.cpp
index 4714234..a1b08db 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IUidObserver.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IUidObserver.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(UidObserver, "android.app.IUidObserver");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(UidObserver, "android.app.IUidObserver")
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
index 0377075..88a631a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
@@ -164,12 +164,8 @@
     ALOGE("Invalid object type 0x%08x", obj.hdr.type);
 }
 
-status_t Parcel::finishFlattenBinder(
-    const sp<IBinder>& binder, const flat_binder_object& flat)
+status_t Parcel::finishFlattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder)
 {
-    status_t status = writeObject(flat, false);
-    if (status != OK) return status;
-
     internal::Stability::tryMarkCompilationUnit(binder.get());
     auto category = internal::Stability::getCategory(binder.get());
     return writeInt32(category.repr());
@@ -238,7 +234,10 @@
 
     obj.flags |= schedBits;
 
-    return finishFlattenBinder(binder, obj);
+    status_t status = writeObject(obj, false);
+    if (status != OK) return status;
+
+    return finishFlattenBinder(binder);
 }
 
 status_t Parcel::unflattenBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) const
diff --git a/libs/binder/PermissionCache.cpp b/libs/binder/PermissionCache.cpp
index 75a6d22..6eae5ef 100644
--- a/libs/binder/PermissionCache.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/PermissionCache.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-ANDROID_SINGLETON_STATIC_INSTANCE(PermissionCache) ;
+ANDROID_SINGLETON_STATIC_INSTANCE(PermissionCache)
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/ProcessInfoService.cpp b/libs/binder/ProcessInfoService.cpp
index 00d6eef..f75141e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ProcessInfoService.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ProcessInfoService.cpp
@@ -99,6 +99,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-ANDROID_SINGLETON_STATIC_INSTANCE(ProcessInfoService);
+ANDROID_SINGLETON_STATIC_INSTANCE(ProcessInfoService)
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
index 83ca687..9aedf28 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
 
     // The root object is special since we get it directly from the driver, it is never
     // written by Parcell::writeStrongBinder.
-    internal::Stability::tryMarkCompilationUnit(context.get());
+    internal::Stability::markCompilationUnit(context.get());
 
     return context;
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/Static.cpp b/libs/binder/Static.cpp
index db0f1c7..565f2e2 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Static.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Static.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 {
 public:
     LogTextOutput() : BufferedTextOutput(MULTITHREADED) { }
-    virtual ~LogTextOutput() { };
+    virtual ~LogTextOutput() { }
 
 protected:
     virtual status_t writeLines(const struct iovec& vec, size_t N)
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 {
 public:
     explicit FdTextOutput(int fd) : BufferedTextOutput(MULTITHREADED), mFD(fd) { }
-    virtual ~FdTextOutput() { };
+    virtual ~FdTextOutput() { }
 
 protected:
     virtual status_t writeLines(const struct iovec& vec, size_t N)
diff --git a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
index 1cfb560..4375818 100644
--- a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@
     },
     {
       "name": "rustBinderTest"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "binderRustNdkInteropTest"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
index a0e28d2..2735315 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/BpBinder.h
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 class Stability;
-};
+}
 
 using binder_proxy_limit_callback = void(*)(int);
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IShellCallback.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IShellCallback.h
index 17e34db..6d3fe4a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IShellCallback.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IShellCallback.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 class IShellCallback : public IInterface
 {
 public:
-    DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(ShellCallback);
+    DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(ShellCallback)
 
     virtual int openFile(const String16& path, const String16& seLinuxContext,
             const String16& mode) = 0;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IpPrefix.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IpPrefix.h
index c1cd3c2..a8faa3f 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IpPrefix.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IpPrefix.h
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@
 private:
     union InternalUnion {
         InternalUnion() = default;
-        explicit InternalUnion(const struct in6_addr &addr):mIn6Addr(addr) { };
-        explicit InternalUnion(const struct in_addr &addr):mInAddr(addr) { };
+        explicit InternalUnion(const struct in6_addr &addr):mIn6Addr(addr) { }
+        explicit InternalUnion(const struct in_addr &addr):mInAddr(addr) { }
         struct in6_addr mIn6Addr;
         struct in_addr mInAddr;
     } mUnion;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
index cfe1f3a..9f5260a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/Parcel.h
@@ -522,8 +522,7 @@
     status_t            validateReadData(size_t len) const;
     void                updateWorkSourceRequestHeaderPosition() const;
 
-    status_t            finishFlattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-                                            const flat_binder_object& flat);
+    status_t            finishFlattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder);
     status_t            finishUnflattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder, sp<IBinder>* out) const;
     status_t            flattenBinder(const sp<IBinder>& binder);
     status_t            unflattenBinder(sp<IBinder>* out) const;
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h
index 4ea3dd3..ce5027e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/ParcelableHolder.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 class ParcelableHolder : public android::Parcelable {
 public:
     ParcelableHolder() = delete;
-    explicit ParcelableHolder(Stability stability) : mStability(stability){};
+    explicit ParcelableHolder(Stability stability) : mStability(stability){}
     virtual ~ParcelableHolder() = default;
     ParcelableHolder(const ParcelableHolder& other) {
         mParcelable = other.mParcelable;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
             mParcelPtr->appendFrom(other.mParcelPtr.get(), 0, other.mParcelPtr->dataSize());
         }
         mStability = other.mStability;
-    };
+    }
 
     status_t writeToParcel(Parcel* parcel) const override;
     status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel* parcel) override;
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs
index 037ee95..b558f27 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/binder.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
 use crate::proxy::{DeathRecipient, SpIBinder};
 use crate::sys;
 
-use std::ffi::{c_void, CString};
+use std::ffi::{c_void, CStr, CString};
+use std::os::raw::c_char;
 use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
 use std::ptr;
 
@@ -205,6 +206,22 @@
     pub(crate) unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: *const sys::AIBinder_Class) -> InterfaceClass {
         InterfaceClass(ptr)
     }
+
+    /// Get the interface descriptor string of this class.
+    pub fn get_descriptor(&self) -> String {
+        unsafe {
+            // SAFETY: The descriptor returned by AIBinder_Class_getDescriptor
+            // is always a two-byte null terminated sequence of u16s. Thus, we
+            // can continue reading from the pointer until we hit a null value,
+            // and this pointer can be a valid slice if the slice length is <=
+            // the number of u16 elements before the null terminator.
+
+            let raw_descriptor: *const c_char = sys::AIBinder_Class_getDescriptor(self.0);
+            CStr::from_ptr(raw_descriptor).to_str()
+                .expect("Expected valid UTF-8 string from AIBinder_Class_getDescriptor")
+                .into()
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl From<InterfaceClass> for *const sys::AIBinder_Class {
@@ -507,12 +524,7 @@
             }
 
             fn from_binder(mut binder: $crate::SpIBinder) -> $crate::Result<Self> {
-                use $crate::AssociateClass;
-                if binder.associate_class(<$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class()) {
-                    Ok(Self { binder, $($fname: $finit),* })
-                } else {
-                    Err($crate::StatusCode::BAD_TYPE)
-                }
+                Ok(Self { binder, $($fname: $finit),* })
             }
         }
 
@@ -567,16 +579,33 @@
         impl $crate::FromIBinder for dyn $interface {
             fn try_from(mut ibinder: $crate::SpIBinder) -> $crate::Result<Box<dyn $interface>> {
                 use $crate::AssociateClass;
-                if !ibinder.associate_class(<$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class()) {
-                    return Err($crate::StatusCode::BAD_TYPE.into());
+
+                let existing_class = ibinder.get_class();
+                if let Some(class) = existing_class {
+                    if class != <$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class() &&
+                        class.get_descriptor() == <$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_descriptor()
+                    {
+                        // The binder object's descriptor string matches what we
+                        // expect. We still need to treat this local or already
+                        // associated object as remote, because we can't cast it
+                        // into a Rust service object without a matching class
+                        // pointer.
+                        return Ok(Box::new(<$proxy as $crate::Proxy>::from_binder(ibinder)?));
+                    }
+                } else if ibinder.associate_class(<$native as $crate::Remotable>::get_class()) {
+                    let service: $crate::Result<$crate::Binder<$native>> =
+                        std::convert::TryFrom::try_from(ibinder.clone());
+                    if let Ok(service) = service {
+                        // We were able to associate with our expected class and
+                        // the service is local.
+                        return Ok(Box::new(service));
+                    } else {
+                        // Service is remote
+                        return Ok(Box::new(<$proxy as $crate::Proxy>::from_binder(ibinder)?));
+                    }
                 }
 
-                let service: $crate::Result<$crate::Binder<$native>> = std::convert::TryFrom::try_from(ibinder.clone());
-                if let Ok(service) = service {
-                    Ok(Box::new(service))
-                } else {
-                    Ok(Box::new(<$proxy as $crate::Proxy>::from_binder(ibinder)?))
-                }
+                Err($crate::StatusCode::BAD_TYPE.into())
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
index 5002fc6..485bb42 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 
     /// Return the interface class of this binder object, if associated with
     /// one.
-    pub(crate) fn get_class(&mut self) -> Option<InterfaceClass> {
+    pub fn get_class(&mut self) -> Option<InterfaceClass> {
         unsafe {
             // Safety: `SpIBinder` guarantees that it always contains a valid
             // `AIBinder` pointer. `AIBinder_getClass` returns either a null
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
index 3db40ba..5ae9c53 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
@@ -30,3 +30,52 @@
     auto_gen_config: false,
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "binderRustNdkInteropTest",
+    srcs: [
+        "binderRustNdkInteropTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest-ndk_platform",
+        "libbinder_ndk_rust_interop",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    require_root: true,
+
+    // rustBinderTestService uses a custom config
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+}
+
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest",
+    unstable: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest.aidl",
+        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther.aidl",
+    ],
+    backend: {
+        ndk: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+        rust: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+rust_ffi_static {
+    name: "libbinder_ndk_rust_interop",
+    crate_name: "binder_ndk_rust_interop",
+    srcs: [
+        "ndk_rust_interop.rs",
+    ],
+    rustlibs: [
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest-rust",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTest.aidl b/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTest.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f5e837
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTest.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+interface IBinderRustNdkInteropTest {
+    @utf8InCpp String echo(@utf8InCpp String str);
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther.aidl b/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82a0323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+interface IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther {
+    @utf8InCpp String echo(@utf8InCpp String str);
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/binderRustNdkInteropTest.cpp b/libs/binder/rust/tests/binderRustNdkInteropTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59ca6ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/binderRustNdkInteropTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/BnBinderRustNdkInteropTest.h>
+#include <aidl/IBinderRustNdkInteropTest.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <binder/Status.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using namespace android;
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+using ::ndk::SharedRefBase;
+using ::ndk::SpAIBinder;
+
+static const char* kNdkServerName = "NdkServer-BinderRustNdkInteropTest";
+static const char* kRustServerName = "RustServer-BinderRustNdkInteropTest";
+
+extern "C" {
+int rust_call_ndk(const char* service_name);
+int rust_start_service(const char* service_name);
+}
+
+class NdkServer : public aidl::BnBinderRustNdkInteropTest {
+    ScopedAStatus echo(const std::string& in, std::string* out) override {
+        *out = in;
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+};
+
+TEST(RustNdkInterop, RustCanCallNdk) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(STATUS_OK, rust_call_ndk(kNdkServerName));
+}
+
+TEST(RustNdkInterop, NdkCanCallRust) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(STATUS_OK, rust_start_service(kRustServerName));
+
+    SpAIBinder binder = SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_checkService(kRustServerName));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, binder.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, AIBinder_ping(binder.get()));
+
+    auto interface = aidl::IBinderRustNdkInteropTest::fromBinder(binder);
+    // TODO(b/167723746): this test requires that fromBinder allow association
+    // with an already associated local binder by treating it as remote.
+    EXPECT_EQ(interface, nullptr);
+
+    // std::string in("testing");
+    // std::string out;
+    // EXPECT_TRUE(interface->echo(in, &out).isOk());
+    // EXPECT_EQ(in, out);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+
+    // so we can host a client and service concurrently
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+
+    std::shared_ptr<NdkServer> ndkServer = SharedRefBase::make<NdkServer>();
+    EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, AServiceManager_addService(ndkServer->asBinder().get(), kNdkServerName));
+
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs b/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs
index 953d328..497361a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs
@@ -173,6 +173,30 @@
     }
 }
 
+/// Trivial testing binder interface
+pub trait ITestSameDescriptor: Interface {}
+
+declare_binder_interface! {
+    ITestSameDescriptor["android.os.ITest"] {
+        native: BnTestSameDescriptor(on_transact_same_descriptor),
+        proxy: BpTestSameDescriptor,
+    }
+}
+
+fn on_transact_same_descriptor(
+    _service: &dyn ITestSameDescriptor,
+    _code: TransactionCode,
+    _data: &Parcel,
+    _reply: &mut Parcel,
+) -> binder::Result<()> {
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+impl ITestSameDescriptor for BpTestSameDescriptor {}
+
+impl ITestSameDescriptor for Binder<BnTestSameDescriptor> {}
+
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use selinux_bindgen as selinux_sys;
@@ -185,9 +209,9 @@
     use std::thread;
     use std::time::Duration;
 
-    use binder::{DeathRecipient, FromIBinder, IBinder, SpIBinder, StatusCode};
+    use binder::{Binder, DeathRecipient, FromIBinder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode};
 
-    use super::{ITest, RUST_SERVICE_BINARY};
+    use super::{BnTest, ITest, ITestSameDescriptor, RUST_SERVICE_BINARY, TestService};
 
     pub struct ScopedServiceProcess(Child);
 
@@ -435,4 +459,27 @@
             assert_eq!(extension.test().unwrap(), extension_name);
         }
     }
+
+    /// Test re-associating a local binder object with a different class.
+    ///
+    /// This is needed because different binder service (e.g. NDK vs Rust)
+    /// implementations are incompatible and must not be interchanged. A local
+    /// service with the same descriptor string but a different class pointer
+    /// may have been created by an NDK service and is therefore incompatible
+    /// with the Rust service implementation. It must be treated as remote and
+    /// all API calls parceled and sent through transactions.
+    ///
+    /// Further tests of this behavior with the C NDK and Rust API are in
+    /// rust_ndk_interop.rs
+    #[test]
+    fn associate_existing_class() {
+        let service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
+            s: "testing_service".to_string(),
+        })));
+
+        // This should succeed although we will have to treat the service as
+        // remote.
+        let _interface: Box<dyn ITestSameDescriptor> = FromIBinder::try_from(service.as_binder())
+            .expect("Could not re-interpret service as the ITestSameDescriptor interface");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/ndk_rust_interop.rs b/libs/binder/rust/tests/ndk_rust_interop.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70a6dc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/ndk_rust_interop.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//! Rust Binder NDK interop tests
+
+use std::ffi::CStr;
+use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};
+use ::IBinderRustNdkInteropTest::binder::{self, Interface, StatusCode};
+use ::IBinderRustNdkInteropTest::aidl::IBinderRustNdkInteropTest::{
+    BnBinderRustNdkInteropTest, IBinderRustNdkInteropTest,
+};
+use ::IBinderRustNdkInteropTest::aidl::IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther::{
+    IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther,
+};
+
+/// Look up the provided AIDL service and call its echo method.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// service_name must be a valid, non-null C-style string (null-terminated).
+#[no_mangle]
+pub unsafe extern "C" fn rust_call_ndk(service_name: *const c_char) -> c_int {
+    let service_name = CStr::from_ptr(service_name).to_str().unwrap();
+
+    // The Rust class descriptor pointer will not match the NDK one, but the
+    // descriptor strings match so this needs to still associate.
+    let service: Box<dyn IBinderRustNdkInteropTest> = match binder::get_interface(service_name) {
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("Could not find Ndk service {}: {:?}", service_name, e);
+            return StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND as c_int;
+        }
+        Ok(service) => service,
+    };
+
+    match service.echo("testing") {
+        Ok(s) => if s != "testing" {
+            return StatusCode::BAD_VALUE as c_int;
+        },
+        Err(e) => return e.into(),
+    }
+
+    // Try using the binder service through the wrong interface type
+    let wrong_service: Result<Box<dyn IBinderRustNdkInteropTestOther>, StatusCode> =
+        binder::get_interface(service_name);
+    match wrong_service {
+        Err(e) if e == StatusCode::BAD_TYPE => {}
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("Trying to use a service via the wrong interface errored with unexpected error {:?}", e);
+            return e as c_int;
+        }
+        Ok(_) => {
+            eprintln!("We should not be allowed to use a service via the wrong interface");
+            return StatusCode::BAD_TYPE as c_int;
+        }
+    }
+
+    StatusCode::OK as c_int
+}
+
+struct Service;
+
+impl Interface for Service {}
+
+impl IBinderRustNdkInteropTest for Service {
+    fn echo(&self, s: &str) -> binder::Result<String> {
+        Ok(s.to_string())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Start the interop Echo test service with the given service name.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// service_name must be a valid, non-null C-style string (null-terminated).
+#[no_mangle]
+pub unsafe extern "C" fn rust_start_service(service_name: *const c_char) -> c_int {
+    let service_name = CStr::from_ptr(service_name).to_str().unwrap();
+    let service = BnBinderRustNdkInteropTest::new_binder(Service);
+    match binder::add_service(&service_name, service.as_binder()) {
+        Ok(_) => StatusCode::OK as c_int,
+        Err(e) => e as c_int,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderSafeInterfaceTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderSafeInterfaceTest.cpp
index 09f58cc..2f9d85e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderSafeInterfaceTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderSafeInterfaceTest.cpp
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
 
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(Callback, "android.gfx.tests.ICallback");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(Callback, "android.gfx.tests.ICallback")
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
 
 class BnCallback : public SafeBnInterface<ICallback> {
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
 
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
-IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(SafeInterfaceTest, "android.gfx.tests.ISafeInterfaceTest");
+IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(SafeInterfaceTest, "android.gfx.tests.ISafeInterfaceTest")
 
 static sp<IBinder::DeathRecipient> getDeathRecipient() {
     static sp<IBinder::DeathRecipient> recipient = new ExitOnDeath;
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/Android.bp b/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
index cd7f37b..b878150 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@
         "libui",
         "libutils",
     ],
+    include_dirs: [
+        "external/skia/src/gpu",
+    ],
     whole_static_libs: ["libskia"],
     local_include_dirs: ["include"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@
 filegroup {
     name: "librenderengine_skia_sources",
     srcs: [
+        "skia/AutoBackendTexture.cpp",
         "skia/SkiaRenderEngine.cpp",
         "skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp",
         "skia/filters/BlurFilter.cpp",
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
index be83ebc..279e648 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#include "EGL/egl.h"
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "RenderEngine"
 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
@@ -446,19 +447,37 @@
                                           mPlaceholderBuffer, attributes);
     ALOGE_IF(mPlaceholderImage == EGL_NO_IMAGE_KHR, "Failed to create placeholder image: %#x",
              eglGetError());
+
+    mShadowTexture = std::make_unique<GLShadowTexture>();
 }
 
 GLESRenderEngine::~GLESRenderEngine() {
     // Destroy the image manager first.
     mImageManager = nullptr;
+    mShadowTexture = nullptr;
     cleanFramebufferCache();
+    ProgramCache::getInstance().purgeCaches();
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRenderingMutex);
+    glDisableVertexAttribArray(Program::position);
     unbindFrameBuffer(mDrawingBuffer.get());
     mDrawingBuffer = nullptr;
     eglDestroyImageKHR(mEGLDisplay, mPlaceholderImage);
     mImageCache.clear();
+    if (mStubSurface != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
+        eglDestroySurface(mEGLDisplay, mStubSurface);
+    }
+    if (mProtectedStubSurface != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
+        eglDestroySurface(mEGLDisplay, mProtectedStubSurface);
+    }
+    if (mEGLContext != EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+        eglDestroyContext(mEGLDisplay, mEGLContext);
+    }
+    if (mProtectedEGLContext != EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+        eglDestroyContext(mEGLDisplay, mProtectedEGLContext);
+    }
     eglMakeCurrent(mEGLDisplay, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_CONTEXT);
     eglTerminate(mEGLDisplay);
+    eglReleaseThread();
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<Framebuffer> GLESRenderEngine::createFramebuffer() {
@@ -1800,7 +1819,7 @@
 
     mState.cornerRadius = 0.0f;
     mState.drawShadows = true;
-    setupLayerTexturing(mShadowTexture.getTexture());
+    setupLayerTexturing(mShadowTexture->getTexture());
     drawMesh(mesh);
     mState.drawShadows = false;
 }
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
index c0449a1..92e1529 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLESRenderEngine.h
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
     GLuint mVpWidth;
     GLuint mVpHeight;
     Description mState;
-    GLShadowTexture mShadowTexture;
+    std::unique_ptr<GLShadowTexture> mShadowTexture = nullptr;
 
     mat4 mSrgbToXyz;
     mat4 mDisplayP3ToXyz;
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@
     friend class BlurFilter;
     friend class GenericProgram;
     std::unique_ptr<FlushTracer> mFlushTracer;
-    std::unique_ptr<ImageManager> mImageManager = std::make_unique<ImageManager>(this);
+    std::unique_ptr<ImageManager> mImageManager;
 };
 
 } // namespace gl
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLFramebuffer.cpp b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLFramebuffer.cpp
index 383486b..58d6caa 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/GLFramebuffer.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/GLFramebuffer.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 }
 
 GLFramebuffer::~GLFramebuffer() {
+    setNativeWindowBuffer(nullptr, false, false);
     glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &mFramebufferName);
     glDeleteTextures(1, &mTextureName);
 }
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.cpp b/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.cpp
index a172c56..26f6166 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.cpp
@@ -82,6 +82,14 @@
     }
 }
 
+Program::~Program() {
+    glDetachShader(mProgram, mVertexShader);
+    glDetachShader(mProgram, mFragmentShader);
+    glDeleteShader(mVertexShader);
+    glDeleteShader(mFragmentShader);
+    glDeleteProgram(mProgram);
+}
+
 bool Program::isValid() const {
     return mInitialized;
 }
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.h b/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.h
index 4292645..41f1bf8 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/Program.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
     };
 
     Program(const ProgramCache::Key& needs, const char* vertex, const char* fragment);
-    ~Program() = default;
+    ~Program();
 
     /* whether this object is usable */
     bool isValid() const;
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/gl/ProgramCache.h b/libs/renderengine/gl/ProgramCache.h
index 37bb651..535d21c 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/gl/ProgramCache.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/gl/ProgramCache.h
@@ -203,6 +203,8 @@
     // if none can be found.
     void useProgram(const EGLContext context, const Description& description);
 
+    void purgeCaches() { mCaches.clear(); }
+
 private:
     // compute a cache Key from a Description
     static Key computeKey(const Description& description);
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.cpp b/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d126c27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "AutoBackendTexture.h"
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "RenderEngine"
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
+
+#include <utils/Trace.h>
+
+#include "log/log_main.h"
+#include "utils/Trace.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace renderengine {
+namespace skia {
+
+// Converts an android dataspace to a supported SkColorSpace
+// Supported dataspaces are
+// 1. sRGB
+// 2. Display P3
+// 3. BT2020 PQ
+// 4. BT2020 HLG
+// Unknown primaries are mapped to BT709, and unknown transfer functions
+// are mapped to sRGB.
+static sk_sp<SkColorSpace> toSkColorSpace(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+    skcms_Matrix3x3 gamut;
+    switch (dataspace & HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_MASK) {
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_BT709:
+            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kSRGB;
+            break;
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_BT2020:
+            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kRec2020;
+            break;
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_DCI_P3:
+            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kDisplayP3;
+            break;
+        default:
+            ALOGV("Unsupported Gamut: %d, defaulting to sRGB", dataspace);
+            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kSRGB;
+            break;
+    }
+
+    switch (dataspace & HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_MASK) {
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_LINEAR:
+            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kLinear, gamut);
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_SRGB:
+            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kSRGB, gamut);
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_ST2084:
+            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kPQ, gamut);
+        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_HLG:
+            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kHLG, gamut);
+        default:
+            ALOGV("Unsupported Gamma: %d, defaulting to sRGB transfer", dataspace);
+            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kSRGB, gamut);
+    }
+}
+
+AutoBackendTexture::AutoBackendTexture(GrDirectContext* context, AHardwareBuffer* buffer,
+                                       bool isRender) {
+    AHardwareBuffer_Desc desc;
+    AHardwareBuffer_describe(buffer, &desc);
+    bool createProtectedImage = 0 != (desc.usage & AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_PROTECTED_CONTENT);
+    GrBackendFormat backendFormat =
+            GrAHardwareBufferUtils::GetBackendFormat(context, buffer, desc.format, false);
+    mBackendTexture =
+            GrAHardwareBufferUtils::MakeBackendTexture(context, buffer, desc.width, desc.height,
+                                                       &mDeleteProc, &mUpdateProc, &mImageCtx,
+                                                       createProtectedImage, backendFormat,
+                                                       isRender);
+    mColorType = GrAHardwareBufferUtils::GetSkColorTypeFromBufferFormat(desc.format);
+}
+
+void AutoBackendTexture::unref(bool releaseLocalResources) {
+    if (releaseLocalResources) {
+        mSurface = nullptr;
+        mImage = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    mUsageCount--;
+    if (mUsageCount <= 0) {
+        if (mBackendTexture.isValid()) {
+            mDeleteProc(mImageCtx);
+            mBackendTexture = {};
+        }
+        delete this;
+    }
+}
+
+// releaseSurfaceProc is invoked by SkSurface, when the texture is no longer in use.
+// "releaseContext" contains an "AutoBackendTexture*".
+void AutoBackendTexture::releaseSurfaceProc(SkSurface::ReleaseContext releaseContext) {
+    AutoBackendTexture* textureRelease = reinterpret_cast<AutoBackendTexture*>(releaseContext);
+    textureRelease->unref(false);
+}
+
+// releaseImageProc is invoked by SkImage, when the texture is no longer in use.
+// "releaseContext" contains an "AutoBackendTexture*".
+void AutoBackendTexture::releaseImageProc(SkImage::ReleaseContext releaseContext) {
+    AutoBackendTexture* textureRelease = reinterpret_cast<AutoBackendTexture*>(releaseContext);
+    textureRelease->unref(false);
+}
+
+sk_sp<SkImage> AutoBackendTexture::makeImage(ui::Dataspace dataspace, SkAlphaType alphaType,
+                                             GrDirectContext* context) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+
+    if (mBackendTexture.isValid()) {
+        mUpdateProc(mImageCtx, context);
+    }
+
+    sk_sp<SkImage> image =
+            SkImage::MakeFromTexture(context, mBackendTexture, kTopLeft_GrSurfaceOrigin, mColorType,
+                                     alphaType, toSkColorSpace(dataspace), releaseImageProc, this);
+    if (image.get()) {
+        // The following ref will be counteracted by releaseProc, when SkImage is discarded.
+        ref();
+    }
+
+    mImage = image;
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mImage == nullptr, "Unable to generate SkImage from buffer");
+    return mImage;
+}
+
+sk_sp<SkSurface> AutoBackendTexture::getOrCreateSurface(ui::Dataspace dataspace,
+                                                        GrDirectContext* context) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+    if (!mSurface.get() || mDataspace != dataspace) {
+        sk_sp<SkSurface> surface =
+                SkSurface::MakeFromBackendTexture(context, mBackendTexture,
+                                                  kTopLeft_GrSurfaceOrigin, 0, mColorType,
+                                                  toSkColorSpace(dataspace), nullptr,
+                                                  releaseSurfaceProc, this);
+        if (surface.get()) {
+            // The following ref will be counteracted by releaseProc, when SkSurface is discarded.
+            ref();
+        }
+        mSurface = surface;
+    }
+
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mSurface == nullptr, "Unable to generate SkSurface");
+    return mSurface;
+}
+
+} // namespace skia
+} // namespace renderengine
+} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.h b/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30f4b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/AutoBackendTexture.h
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <GrAHardwareBufferUtils.h>
+#include <GrDirectContext.h>
+#include <SkImage.h>
+#include <SkSurface.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include "android-base/macros.h"
+#include "ui/GraphicTypes.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace renderengine {
+namespace skia {
+
+/**
+ * AutoBackendTexture manages GPU image  lifetime. It is a ref-counted object
+ * that keeps GPU resources alive until the last SkImage or SkSurface object using them is
+ * destroyed.
+ */
+class AutoBackendTexture {
+public:
+    // Local reference that supports RAII-style management of an AutoBackendTexture
+    // AutoBackendTexture by itself can't be managed in a similar fashion because
+    // of shared ownership with Skia objects, so we wrap it here instead.
+    class LocalRef {
+    public:
+        LocalRef() {}
+
+        ~LocalRef() {
+            // Destroying the texture is the same as setting it to null
+            setTexture(nullptr);
+        }
+
+        // Sets the texture to locally ref-track.
+        void setTexture(AutoBackendTexture* texture) {
+            if (mTexture != nullptr) {
+                mTexture->unref(true);
+            }
+
+            mTexture = texture;
+            if (mTexture != nullptr) {
+                mTexture->ref();
+            }
+        }
+
+        AutoBackendTexture* getTexture() const { return mTexture; }
+
+        DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LocalRef);
+
+    private:
+        AutoBackendTexture* mTexture = nullptr;
+    };
+
+    // Creates a GrBackendTexture whose contents come from the provided buffer.
+    AutoBackendTexture(GrDirectContext* context, AHardwareBuffer* buffer, bool isRender);
+
+    void ref() { mUsageCount++; }
+
+    // releaseLocalResources is true if the underlying SkImage and SkSurface
+    // should be deleted from local tracking.
+    void unref(bool releaseLocalResources);
+
+    // Makes a new SkImage from the texture content.
+    // As SkImages are immutable but buffer content is not, we create
+    // a new SkImage every time.
+    sk_sp<SkImage> makeImage(ui::Dataspace dataspace, SkAlphaType alphaType,
+                             GrDirectContext* context);
+
+    // Makes a new SkSurface from the texture content, if needed.
+    sk_sp<SkSurface> getOrCreateSurface(ui::Dataspace dataspace, GrDirectContext* context);
+
+private:
+    // The only way to invoke dtor is with unref, when mUsageCount is 0.
+    ~AutoBackendTexture() {}
+
+    GrBackendTexture mBackendTexture;
+    GrAHardwareBufferUtils::DeleteImageProc mDeleteProc;
+    GrAHardwareBufferUtils::UpdateImageProc mUpdateProc;
+    GrAHardwareBufferUtils::TexImageCtx mImageCtx;
+
+    static void releaseSurfaceProc(SkSurface::ReleaseContext releaseContext);
+    static void releaseImageProc(SkImage::ReleaseContext releaseContext);
+
+    int mUsageCount = 0;
+
+    sk_sp<SkImage> mImage = nullptr;
+    sk_sp<SkSurface> mSurface = nullptr;
+    ui::Dataspace mDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    SkColorType mColorType = kUnknown_SkColorType;
+};
+
+} // namespace skia
+} // namespace renderengine
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
index 579260b..a0660fb 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include "SkImageInfo.h"
+#include "log/log_main.h"
 #include "system/graphics-base-v1.0.h"
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "RenderEngine"
@@ -145,47 +147,6 @@
     return err;
 }
 
-// Converts an android dataspace to a supported SkColorSpace
-// Supported dataspaces are
-// 1. sRGB
-// 2. Display P3
-// 3. BT2020 PQ
-// 4. BT2020 HLG
-// Unknown primaries are mapped to BT709, and unknown transfer functions
-// are mapped to sRGB.
-static sk_sp<SkColorSpace> toColorSpace(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
-    skcms_Matrix3x3 gamut;
-    switch (dataspace & HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_MASK) {
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_BT709:
-            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kSRGB;
-            break;
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_BT2020:
-            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kRec2020;
-            break;
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_STANDARD_DCI_P3:
-            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kDisplayP3;
-            break;
-        default:
-            ALOGV("Unsupported Gamut: %d, defaulting to sRGB", dataspace);
-            gamut = SkNamedGamut::kSRGB;
-            break;
-    }
-
-    switch (dataspace & HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_MASK) {
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_LINEAR:
-            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kLinear, gamut);
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_SRGB:
-            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kSRGB, gamut);
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_ST2084:
-            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kPQ, gamut);
-        case HAL_DATASPACE_TRANSFER_HLG:
-            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kHLG, gamut);
-        default:
-            ALOGV("Unsupported Gamma: %d, defaulting to sRGB transfer", dataspace);
-            return SkColorSpace::MakeRGB(SkNamedTransferFn::kSRGB, gamut);
-    }
-}
-
 std::unique_ptr<SkiaGLRenderEngine> SkiaGLRenderEngine::create(
         const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args) {
     // initialize EGL for the default display
@@ -455,9 +416,15 @@
             sourceTransfer != destTransfer;
 }
 
+static bool needsLinearEffect(const mat4& colorTransform, ui::Dataspace sourceDataspace,
+                              ui::Dataspace destinationDataspace) {
+    return colorTransform != mat4() || needsToneMapping(sourceDataspace, destinationDataspace);
+}
+
 void SkiaGLRenderEngine::unbindExternalTextureBuffer(uint64_t bufferId) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRenderingMutex);
-    mImageCache.erase(bufferId);
+    mTextureCache.erase(bufferId);
+    mProtectedTextureCache.erase(bufferId);
 }
 
 status_t SkiaGLRenderEngine::drawLayers(const DisplaySettings& display,
@@ -486,36 +453,36 @@
     }
 
     auto grContext = mInProtectedContext ? mProtectedGrContext : mGrContext;
-    auto& cache = mInProtectedContext ? mProtectedSurfaceCache : mSurfaceCache;
+    auto& cache = mInProtectedContext ? mProtectedTextureCache : mTextureCache;
     AHardwareBuffer_Desc bufferDesc;
     AHardwareBuffer_describe(buffer->toAHardwareBuffer(), &bufferDesc);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!hasUsage(bufferDesc, AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_GPU_SAMPLED_IMAGE),
                         "missing usage");
 
-    sk_sp<SkSurface> surface;
+    std::shared_ptr<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef> surfaceTextureRef = nullptr;
     if (useFramebufferCache) {
         auto iter = cache.find(buffer->getId());
         if (iter != cache.end()) {
             ALOGV("Cache hit!");
-            surface = iter->second;
+            surfaceTextureRef = iter->second;
         }
     }
-    if (!surface) {
-        surface = SkSurface::MakeFromAHardwareBuffer(grContext.get(), buffer->toAHardwareBuffer(),
-                                                     GrSurfaceOrigin::kTopLeft_GrSurfaceOrigin,
-                                                     mUseColorManagement
-                                                             ? toColorSpace(display.outputDataspace)
-                                                             : SkColorSpace::MakeSRGB(),
-                                                     nullptr);
-        if (useFramebufferCache && surface) {
+
+    if (surfaceTextureRef == nullptr || surfaceTextureRef->getTexture() == nullptr) {
+        surfaceTextureRef = std::make_shared<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef>();
+        surfaceTextureRef->setTexture(
+                new AutoBackendTexture(mGrContext.get(), buffer->toAHardwareBuffer(), true));
+        if (useFramebufferCache) {
             ALOGD("Adding to cache");
-            cache.insert({buffer->getId(), surface});
+            cache.insert({buffer->getId(), surfaceTextureRef});
         }
     }
-    if (!surface) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to make surface");
-        return BAD_VALUE;
-    }
+
+    sk_sp<SkSurface> surface =
+            surfaceTextureRef->getTexture()->getOrCreateSurface(mUseColorManagement
+                                                                        ? display.outputDataspace
+                                                                        : ui::Dataspace::SRGB,
+                                                                mGrContext.get());
 
     auto canvas = surface->getCanvas();
     // Clear the entire canvas with a transparent black to prevent ghost images.
@@ -586,28 +553,37 @@
             const auto& item = layer->source.buffer;
             const auto bufferWidth = item.buffer->getBounds().width();
             const auto bufferHeight = item.buffer->getBounds().height();
-            sk_sp<SkImage> image;
-            auto iter = mImageCache.find(item.buffer->getId());
-            if (iter != mImageCache.end()) {
-                image = iter->second;
+            std::shared_ptr<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef> imageTextureRef = nullptr;
+            auto iter = mTextureCache.find(item.buffer->getId());
+            if (iter != mTextureCache.end()) {
+                imageTextureRef = iter->second;
             } else {
-                image = SkImage::MakeFromAHardwareBuffer(
-                        item.buffer->toAHardwareBuffer(),
-                        item.isOpaque ? kOpaque_SkAlphaType
-                                      : (item.usePremultipliedAlpha ? kPremul_SkAlphaType
-                                                                    : kUnpremul_SkAlphaType),
-                        mUseColorManagement
-                                ? (needsToneMapping(layer->sourceDataspace, display.outputDataspace)
-                                           // If we need to map to linear space, then
-                                           // mark the source image with the same
-                                           // colorspace as the destination surface so
-                                           // that Skia's color management is a no-op.
-                                           ? toColorSpace(display.outputDataspace)
-                                           : toColorSpace(layer->sourceDataspace))
-                                : SkColorSpace::MakeSRGB());
-                mImageCache.insert({item.buffer->getId(), image});
+                imageTextureRef = std::make_shared<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef>();
+                imageTextureRef->setTexture(new AutoBackendTexture(mGrContext.get(),
+                                                                   item.buffer->toAHardwareBuffer(),
+                                                                   false));
+                mTextureCache.insert({buffer->getId(), imageTextureRef});
             }
 
+            sk_sp<SkImage> image =
+                    imageTextureRef->getTexture()
+                            ->makeImage(mUseColorManagement
+                                                ? (needsLinearEffect(layer->colorTransform,
+                                                                     layer->sourceDataspace,
+                                                                     display.outputDataspace)
+                                                           // If we need to map to linear space,
+                                                           // then mark the source image with the
+                                                           // same colorspace as the destination
+                                                           // surface so that Skia's color
+                                                           // management is a no-op.
+                                                           ? display.outputDataspace
+                                                           : layer->sourceDataspace)
+                                                : ui::Dataspace::SRGB,
+                                        item.isOpaque ? kOpaque_SkAlphaType
+                                                      : (item.usePremultipliedAlpha
+                                                                 ? kPremul_SkAlphaType
+                                                                 : kUnpremul_SkAlphaType),
+                                        mGrContext.get());
             SkMatrix matrix;
             if (layer->geometry.roundedCornersRadius > 0) {
                 const auto roundedRect = getRoundedRect(layer);
@@ -664,13 +640,24 @@
             }
 
             if (mUseColorManagement &&
-                needsToneMapping(layer->sourceDataspace, display.outputDataspace)) {
+                needsLinearEffect(layer->colorTransform, layer->sourceDataspace,
+                                  display.outputDataspace)) {
                 LinearEffect effect = LinearEffect{.inputDataspace = layer->sourceDataspace,
                                                    .outputDataspace = display.outputDataspace,
                                                    .undoPremultipliedAlpha = !item.isOpaque &&
                                                            item.usePremultipliedAlpha};
-                sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> runtimeEffect = buildRuntimeEffect(effect);
+
+                auto effectIter = mRuntimeEffects.find(effect);
+                sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> runtimeEffect = nullptr;
+                if (effectIter == mRuntimeEffects.end()) {
+                    runtimeEffect = buildRuntimeEffect(effect);
+                    mRuntimeEffects.insert({effect, runtimeEffect});
+                } else {
+                    runtimeEffect = effectIter->second;
+                }
+
                 paint.setShader(createLinearEffectShader(shader, effect, runtimeEffect,
+                                                         layer->colorTransform,
                                                          display.maxLuminance,
                                                          layer->source.buffer.maxMasteringLuminance,
                                                          layer->source.buffer.maxContentLuminance));
@@ -921,10 +908,7 @@
     return eglCreatePbufferSurface(display, placeholderConfig, attributes.data());
 }
 
-void SkiaGLRenderEngine::cleanFramebufferCache() {
-    mSurfaceCache.clear();
-    mProtectedSurfaceCache.clear();
-}
+void SkiaGLRenderEngine::cleanFramebufferCache() {}
 
 } // namespace skia
 } // namespace renderengine
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.h b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.h
index 965cb41..f5eed1e 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/SkiaGLRenderEngine.h
@@ -29,9 +29,13 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
+#include "AutoBackendTexture.h"
 #include "EGL/egl.h"
+#include "SkImageInfo.h"
 #include "SkiaRenderEngine.h"
+#include "android-base/macros.h"
 #include "filters/BlurFilter.h"
+#include "skia/filters/LinearEffect.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace renderengine {
@@ -92,8 +96,12 @@
 
     const bool mUseColorManagement;
 
-    // Cache of GL images that we'll store per GraphicBuffer ID
-    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, sk_sp<SkImage>> mImageCache GUARDED_BY(mRenderingMutex);
+    // Cache of GL textures that we'll store per GraphicBuffer ID
+    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::shared_ptr<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef>> mTextureCache
+            GUARDED_BY(mRenderingMutex);
+    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::shared_ptr<AutoBackendTexture::LocalRef>>
+            mProtectedTextureCache GUARDED_BY(mRenderingMutex);
+    std::unordered_map<LinearEffect, sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect>, LinearEffectHasher> mRuntimeEffects;
     // Mutex guarding rendering operations, so that:
     // 1. GL operations aren't interleaved, and
     // 2. Internal state related to rendering that is potentially modified by
@@ -107,8 +115,6 @@
     // Same as above, but for protected content (eg. DRM)
     sk_sp<GrDirectContext> mProtectedGrContext;
 
-    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, sk_sp<SkSurface>> mSurfaceCache;
-    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, sk_sp<SkSurface>> mProtectedSurfaceCache;
     bool mInProtectedContext = false;
 };
 
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/BlurFilter.cpp b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/BlurFilter.cpp
index c6b8d3a..f19b64a 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/BlurFilter.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/BlurFilter.cpp
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 }
 
 SkMatrix BlurFilter::getShaderMatrix() const {
-    return SkMatrix::MakeScale(kInverseInputScale);
+    return SkMatrix::Scale(kInverseInputScale, kInverseInputScale);
 }
 
 } // namespace skia
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.cpp b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.cpp
index b628b3e..7680649 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 
 #include "LinearEffect.h"
 
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
+
 #include <SkString.h>
+#include <utils/Trace.h>
 
 #include <optional>
 
@@ -427,6 +430,7 @@
 }
 
 sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> buildRuntimeEffect(const LinearEffect& linearEffect) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
     SkString shaderString;
     generateEOTF(linearEffect.inputDataspace, shaderString);
     generateXYZTransforms(shaderString);
@@ -443,8 +447,9 @@
 
 sk_sp<SkShader> createLinearEffectShader(sk_sp<SkShader> shader, const LinearEffect& linearEffect,
                                          sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> runtimeEffect,
-                                         float maxDisplayLuminance, float maxMasteringLuminance,
-                                         float maxContentLuminance) {
+                                         const mat4& colorTransform, float maxDisplayLuminance,
+                                         float maxMasteringLuminance, float maxContentLuminance) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
     SkRuntimeShaderBuilder effectBuilder(runtimeEffect);
 
     effectBuilder.child("input") = shader;
@@ -453,7 +458,7 @@
     ColorSpace outputColorSpace = toColorSpace(linearEffect.outputDataspace);
 
     effectBuilder.uniform("in_rgbToXyz") = mat4(inputColorSpace.getRGBtoXYZ());
-    effectBuilder.uniform("in_xyzToRgb") = mat4(outputColorSpace.getXYZtoRGB());
+    effectBuilder.uniform("in_xyzToRgb") = colorTransform * mat4(outputColorSpace.getXYZtoRGB());
     effectBuilder.uniform("in_displayMaxLuminance") = maxDisplayLuminance;
     effectBuilder.uniform("in_inputMaxLuminance") =
             std::min(maxMasteringLuminance, maxContentLuminance);
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.h b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.h
index 2615669..20b8338 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.h
+++ b/libs/renderengine/skia/filters/LinearEffect.h
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <math/mat4.h>
+
 #include <optional>
 
-#include "SkColorMatrix.h"
 #include "SkRuntimeEffect.h"
 #include "SkShader.h"
 #include "ui/GraphicTypes.h"
@@ -63,11 +64,31 @@
     const bool undoPremultipliedAlpha = false;
 };
 
+static inline bool operator==(const LinearEffect& lhs, const LinearEffect& rhs) {
+    return lhs.inputDataspace == rhs.inputDataspace && lhs.outputDataspace == rhs.outputDataspace &&
+            lhs.undoPremultipliedAlpha == rhs.undoPremultipliedAlpha;
+}
+
+struct LinearEffectHasher {
+    // Inspired by art/runtime/class_linker.cc
+    // Also this is what boost:hash_combine does
+    static size_t HashCombine(size_t seed, size_t val) {
+        return seed ^ (val + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2));
+    }
+    size_t operator()(const LinearEffect& le) const {
+        size_t result = std::hash<ui::Dataspace>{}(le.inputDataspace);
+        result = HashCombine(result, std::hash<ui::Dataspace>{}(le.outputDataspace));
+        return HashCombine(result, std::hash<bool>{}(le.undoPremultipliedAlpha));
+    }
+};
+
 sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> buildRuntimeEffect(const LinearEffect& linearEffect);
 
 // Generates a shader resulting from applying the a linear effect created from
-// LinearEffectARgs::buildEffect to an inputShader. We also provide additional HDR metadata upon
-// creating the shader:
+// LinearEffectArgs::buildEffect to an inputShader.
+// Optionally, a color transform may also be provided, which combines with the
+// matrix transforming from linear XYZ to linear RGB immediately before OETF.
+// We also provide additional HDR metadata upon creating the shader:
 // * The max display luminance is the max luminance of the physical display in nits
 // * The max mastering luminance is provided as the max luminance from the SMPTE 2086
 // standard.
@@ -76,8 +97,8 @@
 sk_sp<SkShader> createLinearEffectShader(sk_sp<SkShader> inputShader,
                                          const LinearEffect& linearEffect,
                                          sk_sp<SkRuntimeEffect> runtimeEffect,
-                                         float maxDisplayLuminance, float maxMasteringLuminance,
-                                         float maxContentLuminance);
+                                         const mat4& colorTransform, float maxDisplayLuminance,
+                                         float maxMasteringLuminance, float maxContentLuminance);
 } // namespace skia
 } // namespace renderengine
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp b/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
index d20fcc4..0e11c99 100644
--- a/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/renderengine/tests/RenderEngineTest.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "RenderEngineTest"
+
 // TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
@@ -37,8 +40,19 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-struct RenderEngineTest : public ::testing::Test {
-    static void SetUpTestSuite() {
+class RenderEngineFactory {
+public:
+    virtual ~RenderEngineFactory() = default;
+
+    virtual std::string name() = 0;
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> createRenderEngine() = 0;
+};
+
+class GLESRenderEngineFactory : public RenderEngineFactory {
+public:
+    std::string name() override { return "GLESRenderEngineFactory"; }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> createRenderEngine() override {
         renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs reCreationArgs =
                 renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
                         .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
@@ -50,20 +64,32 @@
                         .setContextPriority(renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::MEDIUM)
                         .setRenderEngineType(renderengine::RenderEngine::RenderEngineType::GLES)
                         .build();
-        sRE = renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine::create(reCreationArgs);
-
-        reCreationArgs.useColorManagement = true;
-        sRECM = renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine::create(reCreationArgs);
+        return renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine::create(reCreationArgs);
     }
+};
 
-    static void TearDownTestSuite() {
-        // The ordering here is important - sCurrentBuffer must live longer
-        // than RenderEngine to avoid a null reference on tear-down.
-        sRE = nullptr;
-        sRECM = nullptr;
-        sCurrentBuffer = nullptr;
+class GLESCMRenderEngineFactory : public RenderEngineFactory {
+public:
+    std::string name() override { return "GLESCMRenderEngineFactory"; }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> createRenderEngine() override {
+        renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs reCreationArgs =
+                renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
+                        .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
+                        .setImageCacheSize(1)
+                        .setEnableProtectedContext(false)
+                        .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
+                        .setSupportsBackgroundBlur(true)
+                        .setContextPriority(renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::MEDIUM)
+                        .setRenderEngineType(renderengine::RenderEngine::RenderEngineType::GLES)
+                        .setUseColorManagerment(true)
+                        .build();
+        return renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine::create(reCreationArgs);
     }
+};
 
+class RenderEngineTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::shared_ptr<RenderEngineFactory>> {
+public:
     static sp<GraphicBuffer> allocateDefaultBuffer() {
         return new GraphicBuffer(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT,
                                  HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, 1,
@@ -80,19 +106,24 @@
                                  "input");
     }
 
-    RenderEngineTest() { mBuffer = allocateDefaultBuffer(); }
+    RenderEngineTest() {
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+        ALOGD("**** Setting up for %s.%s\n", test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name());
+        mBuffer = allocateDefaultBuffer();
+    }
 
     ~RenderEngineTest() {
         if (WRITE_BUFFER_TO_FILE_ON_FAILURE && ::testing::Test::HasFailure()) {
             writeBufferToFile("/data/texture_out_");
         }
         for (uint32_t texName : mTexNames) {
-            sRE->deleteTextures(1, &texName);
-            EXPECT_FALSE(sRE->isTextureNameKnownForTesting(texName));
+            mRE->deleteTextures(1, &texName);
+            EXPECT_FALSE(mRE->isTextureNameKnownForTesting(texName));
         }
-        for (uint32_t texName : mTexNamesCM) {
-            sRECM->deleteTextures(1, &texName);
-        }
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+        ALOGD("**** Tearing down after %s.%s\n", test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name());
     }
 
     void writeBufferToFile(const char* basename) {
@@ -261,12 +292,11 @@
 
     void invokeDraw(renderengine::DisplaySettings settings,
                     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers,
-                    sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer, bool useColorManagement = false) {
+                    sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer) {
         base::unique_fd fence;
-        status_t status = useColorManagement
-                ? sRECM->drawLayers(settings, layers, buffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence)
-                : sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, buffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
-        sCurrentBuffer = buffer;
+        status_t status =
+                mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, buffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
+        mCurrentBuffer = buffer;
 
         int fd = fence.release();
         if (fd >= 0) {
@@ -276,11 +306,7 @@
 
         ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, status);
         if (layers.size() > 0) {
-            if (useColorManagement) {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(sRECM->isFramebufferImageCachedForTesting(buffer->getId()));
-            } else {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(sRE->isFramebufferImageCachedForTesting(buffer->getId()));
-            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mRE->isFramebufferImageCachedForTesting(buffer->getId()));
         }
     }
 
@@ -335,15 +361,12 @@
     void fillBufferLayerTransform();
 
     template <typename SourceVariant>
-    void fillBufferWithColorTransform(bool useColorManagement = false);
+    void fillBufferWithColorTransform();
 
     template <typename SourceVariant>
     void fillBufferColorTransform();
 
     template <typename SourceVariant>
-    void fillBufferColorTransformCM();
-
-    template <typename SourceVariant>
     void fillRedBufferWithRoundedCorners();
 
     template <typename SourceVariant>
@@ -378,38 +401,30 @@
                     const renderengine::ShadowSettings& shadow, const ubyte4& casterColor,
                     const ubyte4& backgroundColor);
 
-    // Keep around the same renderengine object to save on initialization time.
-    // For now, exercise the GL backend directly so that some caching specifics
-    // can be tested without changing the interface.
-    static std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> sRE;
-    // renderengine object with Color Management enabled
-    static std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> sRECM;
+    std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> mRE;
+
     // Dumb hack to avoid NPE in the EGL driver: the GraphicBuffer needs to
     // be freed *after* RenderEngine is destroyed, so that the EGL image is
     // destroyed first.
-    static sp<GraphicBuffer> sCurrentBuffer;
+    sp<GraphicBuffer> mCurrentBuffer;
 
     sp<GraphicBuffer> mBuffer;
 
     std::vector<uint32_t> mTexNames;
-    std::vector<uint32_t> mTexNamesCM;
 };
 
-std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> RenderEngineTest::sRE = nullptr;
-std::unique_ptr<renderengine::gl::GLESRenderEngine> RenderEngineTest::sRECM = nullptr;
-
-sp<GraphicBuffer> RenderEngineTest::sCurrentBuffer = nullptr;
-
 struct ColorSourceVariant {
     static void fillColor(renderengine::LayerSettings& layer, half r, half g, half b,
-                          RenderEngineTest* /*fixture*/, bool /*useColorManagement*/ = false) {
+                          RenderEngineTest* /*fixture*/) {
         layer.source.solidColor = half3(r, g, b);
+        layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     }
 };
 
 struct RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant {
     static void setOpaqueBit(renderengine::LayerSettings& layer) {
         layer.source.buffer.isOpaque = false;
+        layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     }
 
     static uint8_t getAlphaChannel() { return 255; }
@@ -418,6 +433,7 @@
 struct ForceOpaqueBufferVariant {
     static void setOpaqueBit(renderengine::LayerSettings& layer) {
         layer.source.buffer.isOpaque = true;
+        layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     }
 
     static uint8_t getAlphaChannel() {
@@ -430,16 +446,11 @@
 template <typename OpaquenessVariant>
 struct BufferSourceVariant {
     static void fillColor(renderengine::LayerSettings& layer, half r, half g, half b,
-                          RenderEngineTest* fixture, bool useColorManagement = false) {
+                          RenderEngineTest* fixture) {
         sp<GraphicBuffer> buf = RenderEngineTest::allocateSourceBuffer(1, 1);
         uint32_t texName;
-        if (useColorManagement) {
-            fixture->sRECM->genTextures(1, &texName);
-            fixture->mTexNamesCM.push_back(texName);
-        } else {
-            fixture->sRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
-            fixture->mTexNames.push_back(texName);
-        }
+        fixture->mRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
+        fixture->mTexNames.push_back(texName);
 
         uint8_t* pixels;
         buf->lock(GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN,
@@ -460,6 +471,7 @@
 
         layer.source.buffer.buffer = buf;
         layer.source.buffer.textureName = texName;
+        layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
         OpaquenessVariant::setOpaqueBit(layer);
     }
 };
@@ -469,10 +481,12 @@
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layer, r, g, b, this);
     layer.alpha = a;
@@ -509,12 +523,14 @@
 template <typename SourceVariant>
 void RenderEngineTest::fillRedOffsetBuffer() {
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = offsetRect();
     settings.clip = offsetRectAtZero();
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = offsetRectAtZero().toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layer, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, this);
     layer.alpha = 1.0f;
@@ -540,6 +556,7 @@
 template <typename SourceVariant>
 void RenderEngineTest::fillBufferCheckers(uint32_t orientationFlag) {
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     // Here logical space is 2x2
     settings.clip = Rect(2, 2);
@@ -548,18 +565,21 @@
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layerOne;
+    layerOne.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     Rect rectOne(0, 0, 1, 1);
     layerOne.geometry.boundaries = rectOne.toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layerOne, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, this);
     layerOne.alpha = 1.0f;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layerTwo;
+    layerTwo.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     Rect rectTwo(0, 1, 1, 2);
     layerTwo.geometry.boundaries = rectTwo.toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layerTwo, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, this);
     layerTwo.alpha = 1.0f;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layerThree;
+    layerThree.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     Rect rectThree(1, 0, 2, 1);
     layerThree.geometry.boundaries = rectThree.toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layerThree, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, this);
@@ -642,10 +662,12 @@
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     // Here logical space is 2x2
     settings.clip = Rect(2, 2);
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = Rect(1, 1).toFloatRect();
     // Translate one pixel diagonally
     layer.geometry.positionTransform = mat4(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1);
@@ -669,16 +691,18 @@
 }
 
 template <typename SourceVariant>
-void RenderEngineTest::fillBufferWithColorTransform(bool useColorManagement) {
+void RenderEngineTest::fillBufferWithColorTransform() {
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = Rect(1, 1);
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = Rect(1, 1).toFloatRect();
-    SourceVariant::fillColor(layer, 0.5f, 0.25f, 0.125f, this, useColorManagement);
+    SourceVariant::fillColor(layer, 0.5f, 0.25f, 0.125f, this);
     layer.alpha = 1.0f;
 
     // construct a fake color matrix
@@ -692,7 +716,7 @@
 
     layers.push_back(&layer);
 
-    invokeDraw(settings, layers, mBuffer, useColorManagement);
+    invokeDraw(settings, layers, mBuffer);
 }
 
 template <typename SourceVariant>
@@ -702,20 +726,16 @@
 }
 
 template <typename SourceVariant>
-void RenderEngineTest::fillBufferColorTransformCM() {
-    fillBufferWithColorTransform<SourceVariant>(true);
-    expectBufferColor(fullscreenRect(), 126, 0, 0, 255, 1);
-}
-
-template <typename SourceVariant>
 void RenderEngineTest::fillRedBufferWithRoundedCorners() {
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     layer.geometry.roundedCornersRadius = 5.0f;
     layer.geometry.roundedCornersCrop = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
@@ -756,18 +776,21 @@
     auto center = DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 2;
 
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings backgroundLayer;
+    backgroundLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     backgroundLayer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(backgroundLayer, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, this);
     backgroundLayer.alpha = 1.0f;
     layers.push_back(&backgroundLayer);
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings leftLayer;
+    leftLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     leftLayer.geometry.boundaries =
             Rect(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 2, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT).toFloatRect();
     SourceVariant::fillColor(leftLayer, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, this);
@@ -775,6 +798,7 @@
     layers.push_back(&leftLayer);
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings blurLayer;
+    blurLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     blurLayer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     blurLayer.backgroundBlurRadius = blurRadius;
     blurLayer.alpha = 0;
@@ -793,10 +817,12 @@
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layersFirst;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layerOne;
+    layerOne.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layerOne.geometry.boundaries =
             FloatRect(0, 0, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 3.0, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 3.0);
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layerOne, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, this);
@@ -811,6 +837,7 @@
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layersSecond;
     renderengine::LayerSettings layerTwo;
+    layerTwo.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     layerTwo.geometry.boundaries =
             FloatRect(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 3.0, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 3.0,
                       DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT);
@@ -830,15 +857,17 @@
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = Rect(1, 1);
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
 
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     // Here will allocate a checker board texture, but transform texture
     // coordinates so that only the upper left is applied.
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buf = allocateSourceBuffer(2, 2);
     uint32_t texName;
-    RenderEngineTest::sRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
+    RenderEngineTest::mRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
     this->mTexNames.push_back(texName);
 
     uint8_t* pixels;
@@ -887,7 +916,7 @@
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buf = allocateSourceBuffer(1, 1);
     uint32_t texName;
-    RenderEngineTest::sRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
+    RenderEngineTest::mRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
     this->mTexNames.push_back(texName);
 
     uint8_t* pixels;
@@ -926,7 +955,7 @@
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buf = allocateSourceBuffer(1, 1);
     uint32_t texName;
-    RenderEngineTest::sRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
+    RenderEngineTest::mRE->genTextures(1, &texName);
     this->mTexNames.push_back(texName);
 
     uint8_t* pixels;
@@ -981,6 +1010,7 @@
                                   const renderengine::ShadowSettings& shadow,
                                   const ubyte4& casterColor, const ubyte4& backgroundColor) {
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
@@ -988,6 +1018,7 @@
 
     // add background layer
     renderengine::LayerSettings bgLayer;
+    bgLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     bgLayer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     ColorSourceVariant::fillColor(bgLayer, backgroundColor.r / 255.0f, backgroundColor.g / 255.0f,
                                   backgroundColor.b / 255.0f, this);
@@ -996,6 +1027,7 @@
 
     // add shadow layer
     renderengine::LayerSettings shadowLayer;
+    shadowLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     shadowLayer.geometry.boundaries = castingLayer.geometry.boundaries;
     shadowLayer.alpha = castingLayer.alpha;
     shadowLayer.shadow = shadow;
@@ -1003,6 +1035,7 @@
 
     // add layer casting the shadow
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer = castingLayer;
+    layer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     SourceVariant::fillColor(layer, casterColor.r / 255.0f, casterColor.g / 255.0f,
                              casterColor.b / 255.0f, this);
     layers.push_back(&layer);
@@ -1010,25 +1043,39 @@
     invokeDraw(settings, layers, mBuffer);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_noLayersToDraw) {
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerRenderEngineType, RenderEngineTest,
+                         testing::Values(std::make_shared<GLESRenderEngineFactory>(),
+                                         std::make_shared<GLESCMRenderEngineFactory>()));
+
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_noLayersToDraw) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
     drawEmptyLayers();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_nullOutputBuffer) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_nullOutputBuffer) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
     layer.geometry.boundaries = fullscreenRect().toFloatRect();
     BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>::fillColor(layer, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, this);
     layers.push_back(&layer);
     base::unique_fd fence;
-    status_t status = sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, nullptr, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
+    status_t status = mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, nullptr, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, status);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_nullOutputFence) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_nullOutputFence) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
@@ -1039,14 +1086,18 @@
     layer.alpha = 1.0;
     layers.push_back(&layer);
 
-    status_t status = sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), nullptr);
-    sCurrentBuffer = mBuffer;
+    status_t status = mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), nullptr);
+    mCurrentBuffer = mBuffer;
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, status);
     expectBufferColor(fullscreenRect(), 255, 0, 0, 255);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_doesNotCacheFramebuffer) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_doesNotCacheFramebuffer) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
@@ -1057,211 +1108,341 @@
     layer.alpha = 1.0;
     layers.push_back(&layer);
 
-    status_t status = sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, false, base::unique_fd(), nullptr);
-    sCurrentBuffer = mBuffer;
+    status_t status = mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, false, base::unique_fd(), nullptr);
+    mCurrentBuffer = mBuffer;
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, status);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(sRE->isFramebufferImageCachedForTesting(mBuffer->getId()));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mRE->isFramebufferImageCachedForTesting(mBuffer->getId()));
     expectBufferColor(fullscreenRect(), 255, 0, 0, 255);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedBuffer<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillGreenBuffer<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBlueBuffer<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedTransparentBuffer<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferPhysicalOffset<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate0<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate90<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate180<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate270<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferLayerTransform<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferColorTransform<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransformCM_colorSource) {
-    fillBufferColorTransformCM<ColorSourceVariant>();
-}
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_colorSource) {
     fillBufferWithRoundedCorners<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferAndBlurBackground<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_colorSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_colorSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     overlayCorners<ColorSourceVariant>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillGreenBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBlueBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedTransparentBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferPhysicalOffset<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate0<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate90<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate180<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate270<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferLayerTransform<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferColorTransform<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransformCM_opaqueBufferSource) {
-    fillBufferColorTransformCM<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
-}
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_opaqueBufferSource) {
     fillBufferWithRoundedCorners<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferAndBlurBackground<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_opaqueBufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_opaqueBufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     overlayCorners<BufferSourceVariant<ForceOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedBuffer_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillGreenBuffer_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillGreenBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBlueBuffer_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBlueBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillRedTransparentBuffer_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillRedTransparentBuffer<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferPhysicalOffset_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferPhysicalOffset<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate0_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate0<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate90_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate90<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate180_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate180<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferCheckersRotate270_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferCheckersRotate270<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferLayerTransform_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferLayerTransform<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransform_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferColorTransform<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferColorTransformCM_bufferSource) {
-    fillBufferColorTransformCM<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
-}
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferRoundedCorners_bufferSource) {
     fillBufferWithRoundedCorners<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferAndBlurBackground_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferAndBlurBackground<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_bufferSource) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_overlayCorners_bufferSource) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     overlayCorners<BufferSourceVariant<RelaxOpaqueBufferVariant>>();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferTextureTransform) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBufferTextureTransform) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferTextureTransform();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBuffer_premultipliesAlpha) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBuffer_premultipliesAlpha) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferWithPremultiplyAlpha();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBuffer_withoutPremultiplyingAlpha) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillBuffer_withoutPremultiplyingAlpha) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     fillBufferWithoutPremultiplyAlpha();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_clearRegion) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_clearRegion) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     clearRegion();
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillsBufferAndCachesImages) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillsBufferAndCachesImages) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
@@ -1274,21 +1455,24 @@
     layers.push_back(&layer);
     invokeDraw(settings, layers, mBuffer);
     uint64_t bufferId = layer.source.buffer.buffer->getId();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
     std::shared_ptr<renderengine::gl::ImageManager::Barrier> barrier =
-            sRE->unbindExternalTextureBufferForTesting(bufferId);
+            mRE->unbindExternalTextureBufferForTesting(bufferId);
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(barrier->mutex);
     ASSERT_TRUE(barrier->condition.wait_for(barrier->mutex, std::chrono::seconds(5),
                                             [&]() REQUIRES(barrier->mutex) {
                                                 return barrier->isOpen;
                                             }));
-    EXPECT_FALSE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
     EXPECT_EQ(NO_ERROR, barrier->result);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, cacheExternalBuffer_withNullBuffer) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, cacheExternalBuffer_withNullBuffer) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     std::shared_ptr<renderengine::gl::ImageManager::Barrier> barrier =
-            sRE->cacheExternalTextureBufferForTesting(nullptr);
+            mRE->cacheExternalTextureBufferForTesting(nullptr);
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(barrier->mutex);
     ASSERT_TRUE(barrier->condition.wait_for(barrier->mutex, std::chrono::seconds(5),
                                             [&]() REQUIRES(barrier->mutex) {
@@ -1298,11 +1482,14 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(BAD_VALUE, barrier->result);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, cacheExternalBuffer_cachesImages) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, cacheExternalBuffer_cachesImages) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buf = allocateSourceBuffer(1, 1);
     uint64_t bufferId = buf->getId();
     std::shared_ptr<renderengine::gl::ImageManager::Barrier> barrier =
-            sRE->cacheExternalTextureBufferForTesting(buf);
+            mRE->cacheExternalTextureBufferForTesting(buf);
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(barrier->mutex);
         ASSERT_TRUE(barrier->condition.wait_for(barrier->mutex, std::chrono::seconds(5),
@@ -1311,8 +1498,8 @@
                                                 }));
         EXPECT_EQ(NO_ERROR, barrier->result);
     }
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
-    barrier = sRE->unbindExternalTextureBufferForTesting(bufferId);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    barrier = mRE->unbindExternalTextureBufferForTesting(bufferId);
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(barrier->mutex);
         ASSERT_TRUE(barrier->condition.wait_for(barrier->mutex, std::chrono::seconds(5),
@@ -1321,10 +1508,13 @@
                                                 }));
         EXPECT_EQ(NO_ERROR, barrier->result);
     }
-    EXPECT_FALSE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterLayerMinSize) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterLayerMinSize) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     const ubyte4 casterColor(255, 0, 0, 255);
     const ubyte4 backgroundColor(255, 255, 255, 255);
     const float shadowLength = 5.0f;
@@ -1341,13 +1531,17 @@
     expectShadowColor(castingLayer, settings, casterColor, backgroundColor);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterColorLayer) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterColorLayer) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     const ubyte4 casterColor(255, 0, 0, 255);
     const ubyte4 backgroundColor(255, 255, 255, 255);
     const float shadowLength = 5.0f;
     Rect casterBounds(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 3.0f, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 3.0f);
     casterBounds.offsetBy(shadowLength + 1, shadowLength + 1);
     renderengine::LayerSettings castingLayer;
+    castingLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     castingLayer.geometry.boundaries = casterBounds.toFloatRect();
     castingLayer.alpha = 1.0f;
     renderengine::ShadowSettings settings =
@@ -1358,13 +1552,17 @@
     expectShadowColor(castingLayer, settings, casterColor, backgroundColor);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterOpaqueBufferLayer) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterOpaqueBufferLayer) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     const ubyte4 casterColor(255, 0, 0, 255);
     const ubyte4 backgroundColor(255, 255, 255, 255);
     const float shadowLength = 5.0f;
     Rect casterBounds(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_WIDTH / 3.0f, DEFAULT_DISPLAY_HEIGHT / 3.0f);
     casterBounds.offsetBy(shadowLength + 1, shadowLength + 1);
     renderengine::LayerSettings castingLayer;
+    castingLayer.sourceDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     castingLayer.geometry.boundaries = casterBounds.toFloatRect();
     castingLayer.alpha = 1.0f;
     renderengine::ShadowSettings settings =
@@ -1376,7 +1574,10 @@
     expectShadowColor(castingLayer, settings, casterColor, backgroundColor);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterWithRoundedCorner) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_casterWithRoundedCorner) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     const ubyte4 casterColor(255, 0, 0, 255);
     const ubyte4 backgroundColor(255, 255, 255, 255);
     const float shadowLength = 5.0f;
@@ -1396,7 +1597,10 @@
     expectShadowColor(castingLayer, settings, casterColor, backgroundColor);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_translucentCasterWithAlpha) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, drawLayers_fillShadow_translucentCasterWithAlpha) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     const ubyte4 casterColor(255, 0, 0, 255);
     const ubyte4 backgroundColor(255, 255, 255, 255);
     const float shadowLength = 5.0f;
@@ -1421,10 +1625,14 @@
                       backgroundColor.a);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, cleanupPostRender_cleansUpOnce) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, cleanupPostRender_cleansUpOnce) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
 
     std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> layers;
     renderengine::LayerSettings layer;
@@ -1434,23 +1642,27 @@
     layers.push_back(&layer);
 
     base::unique_fd fenceOne;
-    sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fenceOne);
+    mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fenceOne);
     base::unique_fd fenceTwo;
-    sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, std::move(fenceOne), &fenceTwo);
+    mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, std::move(fenceOne), &fenceTwo);
 
     const int fd = fenceTwo.get();
     if (fd >= 0) {
         sync_wait(fd, -1);
     }
     // Only cleanup the first time.
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->cleanupPostRender(
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->cleanupPostRender(
             renderengine::RenderEngine::CleanupMode::CLEAN_OUTPUT_RESOURCES));
-    EXPECT_FALSE(sRE->cleanupPostRender(
+    EXPECT_FALSE(mRE->cleanupPostRender(
             renderengine::RenderEngine::CleanupMode::CLEAN_OUTPUT_RESOURCES));
 }
 
-TEST_F(RenderEngineTest, cleanupPostRender_whenCleaningAll_replacesTextureMemory) {
+TEST_P(RenderEngineTest, cleanupPostRender_whenCleaningAll_replacesTextureMemory) {
+    const auto& renderEngineFactory = GetParam();
+    mRE = renderEngineFactory->createRenderEngine();
+
     renderengine::DisplaySettings settings;
+    settings.outputDataspace = ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR;
     settings.physicalDisplay = fullscreenRect();
     settings.clip = fullscreenRect();
 
@@ -1462,7 +1674,7 @@
     layers.push_back(&layer);
 
     base::unique_fd fence;
-    sRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
+    mRE->drawLayers(settings, layers, mBuffer, true, base::unique_fd(), &fence);
 
     const int fd = fence.get();
     if (fd >= 0) {
@@ -1471,15 +1683,15 @@
 
     uint64_t bufferId = layer.source.buffer.buffer->getId();
     uint32_t texName = layer.source.buffer.textureName;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
-    EXPECT_EQ(bufferId, sRE->getBufferIdForTextureNameForTesting(texName));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_EQ(bufferId, mRE->getBufferIdForTextureNameForTesting(texName));
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->cleanupPostRender(renderengine::RenderEngine::CleanupMode::CLEAN_ALL));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->cleanupPostRender(renderengine::RenderEngine::CleanupMode::CLEAN_ALL));
 
     // Now check that our view of memory is good.
-    EXPECT_FALSE(sRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::nullopt, sRE->getBufferIdForTextureNameForTesting(bufferId));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sRE->isTextureNameKnownForTesting(texName));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(mRE->isImageCachedForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::nullopt, mRE->getBufferIdForTextureNameForTesting(bufferId));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRE->isTextureNameKnownForTesting(texName));
 }
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/vibrator/Android.bp b/libs/vibrator/Android.bp
index 1681fe2..49bc6bf 100644
--- a/libs/vibrator/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vibrator/Android.bp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-cc_library_shared {
+cc_library {
     name: "libvibrator",
     vendor_available: true,
     double_loadable: true,
@@ -47,4 +47,11 @@
     ],
 
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+
+    host_supported: true,
+    target: {
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
 }
diff --git a/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/Android.bp b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8020151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ *****************************************************************************
+ */
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "vibrator_fuzzer",
+
+    host_supported: true,
+
+    srcs: [
+        "vibrator_fuzzer.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libvibrator",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+
+    fuzz_config: {
+        componentid: 155276,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/README.md b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43eb2d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Fuzzer for libvibrator
+
+## Plugin Design Considerations
+This fuzzer fuzzes native code present in libvibrator and does not cover the Java implementation ExternalVibration
+The fuzzer plugin is designed based on the understanding of the
+library and tries to achieve the following:
+
+##### Maximize code coverage
+The configuration parameters are not hardcoded, but instead selected based on
+incoming data. This ensures more code paths are reached by the fuzzer.
+
+libvibrator supports the following parameters:
+1. Uid (parameter name: `uid`)
+2. Package Name (parameter name: `pkg`)
+3. Audio Content Type (parameter name: `content_type`)
+4. Audio Usage (parameter name: `usage`)
+5. Audio Source (parameter name: `source`)
+6. Audio flags (parameter name: `flags`)
+
+| Parameter| Valid Values| Configured Value|
+|------------- |-------------| ----- |
+| `uid` | `INT32_MIN` to `INT32_MAX` | Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider |
+| `pkg`   | Any std::string value | Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider |
+| `content_type`   | 0.`AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN` 1.`AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH` 2.`AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC` 3.`AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE` 4.`AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION`| Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider in the range 0 to 4|
+| `usage`   | 0.`AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN` 1.`AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA` 2.`AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION` 3.`AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING` 4.`AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM` 5.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION` 6.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE`  7.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_REQUEST` 8.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_INSTANT` 9.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_DELAYED` 10.`AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_EVENT` 11.`AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY` 12.`AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE` 13.`AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION` 14.`AUDIO_USAGE_GAME` 15.`AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE` 16.`AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT` 17.`AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT` 18.`AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY` 19.`AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY` 20.`AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS` 21.`AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT`| Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider in the range 0 to 21|
+| `source`   |  0.`AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT` 1.`AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC` 2.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK` 3.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK` 4.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL` 5.`AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER` 6.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION` 7.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION` 8.`AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX` 9.`AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED` 10.`AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE` 11.`AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE` 12.`AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER` | Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider in the range 0 to 12 |
+| `flags`   | `UINT32_MIN` to `UINT32_MAX` | Value obtained from FuzzedDataProvider |
+
+This also ensures that the plugin is always deterministic for any given input.
+
+##### Maximize utilization of input data
+The plugin tolerates any kind of input (empty, huge,
+malformed, etc) and doesn't `exit()` on any input and thereby increasing the
+chance of identifying vulnerabilities.
+
+## Build
+
+This describes steps to build vibrator_fuzzer binary.
+
+### Android
+
+#### Steps to build
+Build the fuzzer
+```
+  $ mm -j$(nproc) vibrator_fuzzer
+```
+
+#### Steps to run
+Create a directory CORPUS_DIR and copy some files to that folder
+Push this directory to device.
+
+To run on device
+```
+  $ adb sync data
+  $ adb shell /data/fuzz/arm64/vibrator_fuzzer/vibrator_fuzzer CORPUS_DIR
+```
+
+To run on host
+```
+  $ $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/fuzz/x86_64/vibrator_fuzzer/vibrator_fuzzer CORPUS_DIR
+```
+
+## References:
+ * http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html
+ * https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
diff --git a/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/vibrator_fuzzer.cpp b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/vibrator_fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68b3ca6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/vibrator/fuzzer/vibrator_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ *****************************************************************************
+ */
+
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <vibrator/ExternalVibration.h>
+
+using namespace android;
+
+constexpr size_t MAX_STRING_LENGTH = 100;
+constexpr audio_content_type_t AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE[] = {AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+                                                       AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH,
+                                                       AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC,
+                                                       AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE,
+                                                       AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION};
+constexpr audio_usage_t AUDIO_USAGE[] = {
+        AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_REQUEST,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_INSTANT,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_DELAYED,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_GAME,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS,
+        AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT,
+};
+constexpr audio_source_t AUDIO_SOURCE[] = {
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT,           AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK,      AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL,        AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION, AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX,     AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE, AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE,
+        AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER,
+};
+constexpr size_t NUM_AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE = std::size(AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE);
+constexpr size_t NUM_AUDIO_USAGE = std::size(AUDIO_USAGE);
+constexpr size_t NUM_AUDIO_SOURCE = std::size(AUDIO_SOURCE);
+
+class TestVibrationController : public os::IExternalVibrationController {
+public:
+    explicit TestVibrationController() {}
+    IBinder *onAsBinder() override { return nullptr; }
+    binder::Status mute(/*out*/ bool *ret) override {
+        *ret = false;
+        return binder::Status::ok();
+    };
+    binder::Status unmute(/*out*/ bool *ret) override {
+        *ret = false;
+        return binder::Status::ok();
+    };
+};
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
+    if (size < 1) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    FuzzedDataProvider fdp = FuzzedDataProvider(data, size);
+    // Initialize the parameters using FuzzedDataProvider
+    int32_t uid = fdp.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>();
+    std::string pkg = fdp.ConsumeRandomLengthString(MAX_STRING_LENGTH);
+    audio_attributes_t attributes;
+    attributes.content_type =
+            AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE[fdp.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, NUM_AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE - 1)];
+    attributes.usage = AUDIO_USAGE[fdp.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, NUM_AUDIO_USAGE - 1)];
+    attributes.source = AUDIO_SOURCE[fdp.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, NUM_AUDIO_SOURCE - 1)];
+    attributes.flags = static_cast<audio_flags_mask_t>(fdp.ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>());
+
+    // Create an instance of TestVibrationController
+    sp<TestVibrationController> vibrationController = new TestVibrationController();
+    if (!vibrationController) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Set all the parameters in the constructor call
+    sp<os::ExternalVibration> extVibration =
+            new os::ExternalVibration(uid, pkg, attributes, vibrationController);
+    if (!extVibration) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Get all the parameters that were previously set
+    extVibration->getUid();
+    extVibration->getPackage();
+    extVibration->getAudioAttributes();
+    extVibration->getController();
+
+    // Set the parameters in a Parcel object and send it to libvibrator
+    // This parcel shall be read by libvibrator
+    Parcel parcel;
+    parcel.writeInt32(uid);
+    parcel.writeString16(String16(pkg.c_str()));
+    parcel.writeStrongBinder(IInterface::asBinder(vibrationController));
+    parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+    extVibration->readFromParcel(&parcel);
+
+    // Send a Parcel to libvibrator
+    // Parameters shall be written to this parcel by libvibrator
+    extVibration->writeToParcel(&parcel);
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
index 17f37c3..b620e2d 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/TouchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -745,12 +745,17 @@
         mOrientedRanges.clear();
     }
 
-    // Create pointer controller if needed.
+    // Create pointer controller if needed, and keep it around if Pointer Capture is enabled to
+    // preserve the cursor position.
     if (mDeviceMode == DeviceMode::POINTER ||
-        (mDeviceMode == DeviceMode::DIRECT && mConfig.showTouches)) {
+        (mDeviceMode == DeviceMode::DIRECT && mConfig.showTouches) ||
+        (mParameters.deviceType == Parameters::DeviceType::POINTER && mConfig.pointerCapture)) {
         if (mPointerController == nullptr) {
             mPointerController = getContext()->getPointerController(getDeviceId());
         }
+        if (mConfig.pointerCapture) {
+            mPointerController->fade(PointerControllerInterface::Transition::IMMEDIATE);
+        }
     } else {
         mPointerController.reset();
     }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
index ed0d75b..fdb8aaf 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
@@ -156,9 +156,7 @@
         "Scheduler/EventThread.cpp",
         "Scheduler/OneShotTimer.cpp",
         "Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp",
-        "Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp",
         "Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp",
-        "Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp",
         "Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp",
         "Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp",
         "Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index b6b754b..ab0d3df 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -1687,9 +1687,9 @@
                   crop.bottom);
     if (layerState.frameRate.rate != 0 ||
         layerState.frameRate.type != FrameRateCompatibility::Default) {
-        StringAppendF(&result, "% 6.2ffps %15s seamless=%d", layerState.frameRate.rate,
+        StringAppendF(&result, "% 6.2ffps %15s seamless=%s", layerState.frameRate.rate,
                       frameRateCompatibilityString(layerState.frameRate.type).c_str(),
-                      layerState.frameRate.shouldBeSeamless);
+                      toString(layerState.frameRate.seamlessness).c_str());
     } else {
         StringAppendF(&result, "                         ");
     }
@@ -2754,7 +2754,7 @@
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const Layer::FrameRate& rate) {
     return stream << "{rate=" << rate.rate
                   << " type=" << Layer::frameRateCompatibilityString(rate.type)
-                  << " shouldBeSeamless=" << rate.shouldBeSeamless << "}";
+                  << " seamlessness=" << toString(rate.seamlessness) << "}";
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index 8d67ce5..75d68a1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@
 #include "LayerVector.h"
 #include "MonitoredProducer.h"
 #include "RenderArea.h"
+#include "Scheduler/Seamlessness.h"
 #include "SurfaceFlinger.h"
+#include "SurfaceTracing.h"
 #include "TransactionCompletedThread.h"
 
 using namespace android::surfaceflinger;
@@ -151,17 +153,21 @@
     // Encapsulates the frame rate and compatibility of the layer. This information will be used
     // when the display refresh rate is determined.
     struct FrameRate {
+        using Seamlessness = scheduler::Seamlessness;
+
         float rate;
         FrameRateCompatibility type;
-        bool shouldBeSeamless;
+        Seamlessness seamlessness;
 
-        FrameRate() : rate(0), type(FrameRateCompatibility::Default), shouldBeSeamless(true) {}
+        FrameRate()
+              : rate(0),
+                type(FrameRateCompatibility::Default),
+                seamlessness(Seamlessness::Default) {}
         FrameRate(float rate, FrameRateCompatibility type, bool shouldBeSeamless = true)
-              : rate(rate), type(type), shouldBeSeamless(shouldBeSeamless) {}
+              : rate(rate), type(type), seamlessness(getSeamlessness(rate, shouldBeSeamless)) {}
 
         bool operator==(const FrameRate& other) const {
-            return rate == other.rate && type == other.type &&
-                    shouldBeSeamless == other.shouldBeSeamless;
+            return rate == other.rate && type == other.type && seamlessness == other.seamlessness;
         }
 
         bool operator!=(const FrameRate& other) const { return !(*this == other); }
@@ -169,6 +175,19 @@
         // Convert an ANATIVEWINDOW_FRAME_RATE_COMPATIBILITY_* value to a
         // Layer::FrameRateCompatibility. Logs fatal if the compatibility value is invalid.
         static FrameRateCompatibility convertCompatibility(int8_t compatibility);
+
+    private:
+        static Seamlessness getSeamlessness(float rate, bool shouldBeSeamless) {
+            if (rate == 0.0f) {
+                // Refresh rate of 0 is a special value which should reset the vote to
+                // its default value.
+                return Seamlessness::Default;
+            } else if (shouldBeSeamless) {
+                return Seamlessness::OnlySeamless;
+            } else {
+                return Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless;
+            }
+        }
     };
 
     struct State {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
index 28af930..c0d00f3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -35,21 +35,21 @@
 #include "LayerInfo.h"
 #include "SchedulerUtils.h"
 
-namespace android::scheduler::impl {
+namespace android::scheduler {
 
 namespace {
 
 bool isLayerActive(const Layer& layer, const LayerInfo& info, nsecs_t threshold) {
+    // Layers with an explicit vote are always kept active
     if (layer.getFrameRateForLayerTree().rate > 0) {
-        return layer.isVisible();
+        return true;
     }
+
     return layer.isVisible() && info.getLastUpdatedTime() >= threshold;
 }
 
 bool traceEnabled() {
-    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    property_get("debug.sf.layer_history_trace", value, "0");
-    return atoi(value);
+    return property_get_bool("debug.sf.layer_history_trace", false);
 }
 
 bool useFrameRatePriority() {
@@ -58,30 +58,44 @@
     return atoi(value);
 }
 
-void trace(const wp<Layer>& weak, int fps) {
+void trace(const wp<Layer>& weak, const LayerInfo& info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type,
+           int fps) {
     const auto layer = weak.promote();
     if (!layer) return;
 
-    const auto& name = layer->getName();
-    const auto tag = "LFPS " + name;
-    ATRACE_INT(tag.c_str(), fps);
-    ALOGD("%s: %s @ %d Hz", __FUNCTION__, name.c_str(), fps);
+    const auto traceType = [&](LayerHistory::LayerVoteType checkedType, int value) {
+        ATRACE_INT(info.getTraceTag(checkedType), type == checkedType ? value : 0);
+    };
+
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 1);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple, fps);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 1);
+    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 1);
+
+    ALOGD("%s: %s @ %d Hz", __FUNCTION__, layer->getName().c_str(), fps);
 }
 } // namespace
 
-LayerHistory::LayerHistory()
-      : mTraceEnabled(traceEnabled()), mUseFrameRatePriority(useFrameRatePriority()) {}
+LayerHistory::LayerHistory(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs)
+      : mTraceEnabled(traceEnabled()), mUseFrameRatePriority(useFrameRatePriority()) {
+    LayerInfo::setTraceEnabled(mTraceEnabled);
+    LayerInfo::setRefreshRateConfigs(refreshRateConfigs);
+}
+
 LayerHistory::~LayerHistory() = default;
 
-void LayerHistory::registerLayer(Layer* layer, float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate,
-                                 LayerVoteType /*type*/) {
-    auto info = std::make_unique<LayerInfo>(lowRefreshRate, highRefreshRate);
+void LayerHistory::registerLayer(Layer* layer, float /*lowRefreshRate*/, float highRefreshRate,
+                                 LayerVoteType type) {
+    const nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / highRefreshRate);
+    auto info = std::make_unique<LayerInfo>(layer->getName(), highRefreshRatePeriod, type);
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     mLayerInfos.emplace_back(layer, std::move(info));
 }
 
 void LayerHistory::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now,
-                          LayerUpdateType /*updateType*/) {
+                          LayerUpdateType updateType) {
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
 
     const auto it = std::find_if(mLayerInfos.begin(), mLayerInfos.end(),
@@ -89,7 +103,7 @@
     LOG_FATAL_IF(it == mLayerInfos.end(), "%s: unknown layer %p", __FUNCTION__, layer);
 
     const auto& info = it->second;
-    info->setLastPresentTime(presentTime, now);
+    info->setLastPresentTime(presentTime, now, updateType, mConfigChangePending);
 
     // Activate layer if inactive.
     if (const auto end = activeLayers().end(); it >= end) {
@@ -99,54 +113,42 @@
 }
 
 LayerHistory::Summary LayerHistory::summarize(nsecs_t now) {
-    ATRACE_CALL();
+    LayerHistory::Summary summary;
+
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
 
     partitionLayers(now);
 
-    LayerHistory::Summary summary;
-    for (const auto& [weakLayer, info] : activeLayers()) {
-        const bool recent = info->isRecentlyActive(now);
-        auto layer = weakLayer.promote();
-        // Only use the layer if the reference still exists.
-        if (layer || CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            const auto layerFocused =
-                    Layer::isLayerFocusedBasedOnPriority(layer->getFrameRateSelectionPriority());
-            // Check if frame rate was set on layer.
-            const auto frameRate = layer->getFrameRateForLayerTree();
-            if (frameRate.rate > 0.f) {
-                const auto voteType = [&]() {
-                    switch (frameRate.type) {
-                        case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::Default:
-                            return LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault;
-                        case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple:
-                            return LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
-                        case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::NoVote:
-                            return LayerVoteType::NoVote;
-                    }
-                }();
-                summary.push_back(
-                        RefreshRateConfigs::LayerRequirement{.name = layer->getName(),
-                                                             .vote = voteType,
-                                                             .desiredRefreshRate = frameRate.rate,
-                                                             .shouldBeSeamless =
-                                                                     frameRate.shouldBeSeamless,
-                                                             .weight = 1.0f,
-                                                             .focused = layerFocused});
-            } else if (recent) {
-                summary.push_back(
-                        RefreshRateConfigs::LayerRequirement{.name = layer->getName(),
-                                                             .vote = LayerVoteType::Heuristic,
-                                                             .desiredRefreshRate =
-                                                                     info->getRefreshRate(now),
-                                                             .shouldBeSeamless = true,
-                                                             .weight = 1.0f,
-                                                             .focused = layerFocused});
-            }
+    for (const auto& [layer, info] : activeLayers()) {
+        const auto strong = layer.promote();
+        if (!strong) {
+            continue;
+        }
 
-            if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-                trace(weakLayer, round<int>(frameRate.rate));
-            }
+        const auto frameRateSelectionPriority = strong->getFrameRateSelectionPriority();
+        const auto layerFocused = Layer::isLayerFocusedBasedOnPriority(frameRateSelectionPriority);
+        ALOGV("%s has priority: %d %s focused", strong->getName().c_str(),
+              frameRateSelectionPriority, layerFocused ? "" : "not");
+
+        const auto vote = info->getRefreshRateVote(now);
+        // Skip NoVote layer as those don't have any requirements
+        if (vote.type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Compute the layer's position on the screen
+        const Rect bounds = Rect(strong->getBounds());
+        const ui::Transform transform = strong->getTransform();
+        constexpr bool roundOutwards = true;
+        Rect transformed = transform.transform(bounds, roundOutwards);
+
+        const float layerArea = transformed.getWidth() * transformed.getHeight();
+        float weight = mDisplayArea ? layerArea / mDisplayArea : 0.0f;
+        summary.push_back(
+                {strong->getName(), vote.type, vote.fps, vote.seamlessness, weight, layerFocused});
+
+        if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
+            trace(layer, *info, vote.type, static_cast<int>(std::round(vote.fps)));
         }
     }
 
@@ -162,14 +164,33 @@
         auto& [weak, info] = mLayerInfos[i];
         if (const auto layer = weak.promote(); layer && isLayerActive(*layer, *info, threshold)) {
             i++;
+            // Set layer vote if set
+            const auto frameRate = layer->getFrameRateForLayerTree();
+            const auto voteType = [&]() {
+                switch (frameRate.type) {
+                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::Default:
+                        return LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault;
+                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple:
+                        return LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
+                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::NoVote:
+                        return LayerVoteType::NoVote;
+                }
+            }();
+
+            if (frameRate.rate > 0 || voteType == LayerVoteType::NoVote) {
+                const auto type = layer->isVisible() ? voteType : LayerVoteType::NoVote;
+                info->setLayerVote({type, frameRate.rate, frameRate.seamlessness});
+            } else {
+                info->resetLayerVote();
+            }
             continue;
         }
 
         if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            trace(weak, 0);
+            trace(weak, *info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 0);
         }
 
-        info->clearHistory();
+        info->onLayerInactive(now);
         std::swap(mLayerInfos[i], mLayerInfos[--mActiveLayersEnd]);
     }
 
@@ -190,10 +211,8 @@
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
 
     for (const auto& [layer, info] : activeLayers()) {
-        info->clearHistory();
+        info->clearHistory(systemTime());
     }
-
-    mActiveLayersEnd = 0;
 }
 
 std::string LayerHistory::dump() const {
@@ -202,4 +221,4 @@
                               mActiveLayersEnd);
 }
 
-} // namespace android::scheduler::impl
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
index 128699b..507ccc6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistory.h
@@ -36,25 +36,23 @@
 namespace scheduler {
 
 class LayerHistoryTest;
-class LayerHistoryTestV2;
 class LayerInfo;
-class LayerInfoV2;
 
 class LayerHistory {
 public:
     using LayerVoteType = RefreshRateConfigs::LayerVoteType;
 
-    virtual ~LayerHistory() = default;
+    LayerHistory(const RefreshRateConfigs&);
+    ~LayerHistory();
 
     // Layers are unregistered when the weak reference expires.
-    virtual void registerLayer(Layer*, float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate,
-                               LayerVoteType type) = 0;
+    void registerLayer(Layer*, float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate, LayerVoteType type);
 
     // Sets the display size. Client is responsible for synchronization.
-    virtual void setDisplayArea(uint32_t displayArea) = 0;
+    void setDisplayArea(uint32_t displayArea) { mDisplayArea = displayArea; }
 
     // Sets whether a config change is pending to be applied
-    virtual void setConfigChangePending(bool pending) = 0;
+    void setConfigChangePending(bool pending) { mConfigChangePending = pending; }
 
     // Represents which layer activity is recorded
     enum class LayerUpdateType {
@@ -64,45 +62,18 @@
     };
 
     // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    virtual void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) = 0;
+    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType);
 
     using Summary = std::vector<RefreshRateConfigs::LayerRequirement>;
 
     // Rebuilds sets of active/inactive layers, and accumulates stats for active layers.
-    virtual Summary summarize(nsecs_t now) = 0;
+    Summary summarize(nsecs_t now);
 
-    virtual void clear() = 0;
-    virtual std::string dump() const = 0;
-};
-
-namespace impl {
-// Records per-layer history of scheduling-related information (primarily present time),
-// heuristically categorizes layers as active or inactive, and summarizes stats about
-// active layers (primarily maximum refresh rate). See go/content-fps-detection-in-scheduler.
-class LayerHistory : public android::scheduler::LayerHistory {
-public:
-    LayerHistory();
-    virtual ~LayerHistory();
-
-    // Layers are unregistered when the weak reference expires.
-    void registerLayer(Layer*, float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate,
-                       LayerVoteType type) override;
-
-    void setDisplayArea(uint32_t /*displayArea*/) override {}
-
-    void setConfigChangePending(bool /*pending*/) override {}
-
-    // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) override;
-
-    // Rebuilds sets of active/inactive layers, and accumulates stats for active layers.
-    android::scheduler::LayerHistory::Summary summarize(nsecs_t now) override;
-
-    void clear() override;
-    std::string dump() const override;
+    void clear();
+    std::string dump() const;
 
 private:
-    friend class android::scheduler::LayerHistoryTest;
+    friend LayerHistoryTest;
     friend TestableScheduler;
 
     using LayerPair = std::pair<wp<Layer>, std::unique_ptr<LayerInfo>>;
@@ -130,65 +101,6 @@
     LayerInfos mLayerInfos GUARDED_BY(mLock);
     size_t mActiveLayersEnd GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
 
-    // Whether to emit systrace output and debug logs.
-    const bool mTraceEnabled;
-
-    // Whether to use priority sent from WindowManager to determine the relevancy of the layer.
-    const bool mUseFrameRatePriority;
-};
-
-class LayerHistoryV2 : public android::scheduler::LayerHistory {
-public:
-    LayerHistoryV2(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs&);
-    virtual ~LayerHistoryV2();
-
-    // Layers are unregistered when the weak reference expires.
-    void registerLayer(Layer*, float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate,
-                       LayerVoteType type) override;
-
-    // Sets the display size. Client is responsible for synchronization.
-    void setDisplayArea(uint32_t displayArea) override { mDisplayArea = displayArea; }
-
-    void setConfigChangePending(bool pending) override { mConfigChangePending = pending; }
-
-    // Marks the layer as active, and records the given state to its history.
-    void record(Layer*, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType) override;
-
-    // Rebuilds sets of active/inactive layers, and accumulates stats for active layers.
-    android::scheduler::LayerHistory::Summary summarize(nsecs_t /*now*/) override;
-
-    void clear() override;
-    std::string dump() const override;
-
-private:
-    friend android::scheduler::LayerHistoryTestV2;
-    friend TestableScheduler;
-
-    using LayerPair = std::pair<wp<Layer>, std::unique_ptr<LayerInfoV2>>;
-    using LayerInfos = std::vector<LayerPair>;
-
-    struct ActiveLayers {
-        LayerInfos& infos;
-        const size_t index;
-
-        auto begin() { return infos.begin(); }
-        auto end() { return begin() + static_cast<long>(index); }
-    };
-
-    ActiveLayers activeLayers() REQUIRES(mLock) { return {mLayerInfos, mActiveLayersEnd}; }
-
-    // Iterates over layers in a single pass, swapping pairs such that active layers precede
-    // inactive layers, and inactive layers precede expired layers. Removes expired layers by
-    // truncating after inactive layers.
-    void partitionLayers(nsecs_t now) REQUIRES(mLock);
-
-    mutable std::mutex mLock;
-
-    // Partitioned such that active layers precede inactive layers. For fast lookup, the few active
-    // layers are at the front, and weak pointers are stored in contiguous memory to hit the cache.
-    LayerInfos mLayerInfos GUARDED_BY(mLock);
-    size_t mActiveLayersEnd GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
-
     uint32_t mDisplayArea = 0;
 
     // Whether to emit systrace output and debug logs.
@@ -201,6 +113,5 @@
     std::atomic<bool> mConfigChangePending = false;
 };
 
-} // namespace impl
 } // namespace scheduler
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index a63ccc1..0000000
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerHistoryV2.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#undef LOG_TAG
-#define LOG_TAG "LayerHistoryV2"
-#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
-
-#include "LayerHistory.h"
-
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-#include <cutils/properties.h>
-#include <utils/Log.h>
-#include <utils/Timers.h>
-#include <utils/Trace.h>
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <string>
-#include <utility>
-
-#include "../Layer.h"
-#include "LayerInfoV2.h"
-#include "SchedulerUtils.h"
-
-namespace android::scheduler::impl {
-
-namespace {
-
-bool isLayerActive(const Layer& layer, const LayerInfoV2& info, nsecs_t threshold) {
-    // Layers with an explicit vote are always kept active
-    if (layer.getFrameRateForLayerTree().rate > 0) {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    return layer.isVisible() && info.getLastUpdatedTime() >= threshold;
-}
-
-bool traceEnabled() {
-    return property_get_bool("debug.sf.layer_history_trace", false);
-}
-
-bool useFrameRatePriority() {
-    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    property_get("debug.sf.use_frame_rate_priority", value, "1");
-    return atoi(value);
-}
-
-void trace(const wp<Layer>& weak, const LayerInfoV2& info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type,
-           int fps) {
-    const auto layer = weak.promote();
-    if (!layer) return;
-
-    const auto traceType = [&](LayerHistory::LayerVoteType checkedType, int value) {
-        ATRACE_INT(info.getTraceTag(checkedType), type == checkedType ? value : 0);
-    };
-
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 1);
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, fps);
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, fps);
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple, fps);
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 1);
-    traceType(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 1);
-
-    ALOGD("%s: %s @ %d Hz", __FUNCTION__, layer->getName().c_str(), fps);
-}
-} // namespace
-
-LayerHistoryV2::LayerHistoryV2(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs)
-      : mTraceEnabled(traceEnabled()), mUseFrameRatePriority(useFrameRatePriority()) {
-    LayerInfoV2::setTraceEnabled(mTraceEnabled);
-    LayerInfoV2::setRefreshRateConfigs(refreshRateConfigs);
-}
-
-LayerHistoryV2::~LayerHistoryV2() = default;
-
-void LayerHistoryV2::registerLayer(Layer* layer, float /*lowRefreshRate*/, float highRefreshRate,
-                                   LayerVoteType type) {
-    const nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / highRefreshRate);
-    auto info = std::make_unique<LayerInfoV2>(layer->getName(), highRefreshRatePeriod, type);
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-    mLayerInfos.emplace_back(layer, std::move(info));
-}
-
-void LayerHistoryV2::record(Layer* layer, nsecs_t presentTime, nsecs_t now,
-                            LayerUpdateType updateType) {
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-
-    const auto it = std::find_if(mLayerInfos.begin(), mLayerInfos.end(),
-                                 [layer](const auto& pair) { return pair.first == layer; });
-    LOG_FATAL_IF(it == mLayerInfos.end(), "%s: unknown layer %p", __FUNCTION__, layer);
-
-    const auto& info = it->second;
-    info->setLastPresentTime(presentTime, now, updateType, mConfigChangePending);
-
-    // Activate layer if inactive.
-    if (const auto end = activeLayers().end(); it >= end) {
-        std::iter_swap(it, end);
-        mActiveLayersEnd++;
-    }
-}
-
-LayerHistoryV2::Summary LayerHistoryV2::summarize(nsecs_t now) {
-    LayerHistory::Summary summary;
-
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-
-    partitionLayers(now);
-
-    for (const auto& [layer, info] : activeLayers()) {
-        const auto strong = layer.promote();
-        if (!strong) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const auto frameRateSelectionPriority = strong->getFrameRateSelectionPriority();
-        const auto layerFocused = Layer::isLayerFocusedBasedOnPriority(frameRateSelectionPriority);
-        ALOGV("%s has priority: %d %s focused", strong->getName().c_str(),
-              frameRateSelectionPriority, layerFocused ? "" : "not");
-
-        const auto vote = info->getRefreshRateVote(now);
-        // Skip NoVote layer as those don't have any requirements
-        if (vote.type == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // Compute the layer's position on the screen
-        const Rect bounds = Rect(strong->getBounds());
-        const ui::Transform transform = strong->getTransform();
-        constexpr bool roundOutwards = true;
-        Rect transformed = transform.transform(bounds, roundOutwards);
-
-        const float layerArea = transformed.getWidth() * transformed.getHeight();
-        float weight = mDisplayArea ? layerArea / mDisplayArea : 0.0f;
-        summary.push_back({strong->getName(), vote.type, vote.fps, vote.shouldBeSeamless, weight,
-                           layerFocused});
-
-        if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            trace(layer, *info, vote.type, static_cast<int>(std::round(vote.fps)));
-        }
-    }
-
-    return summary;
-}
-
-void LayerHistoryV2::partitionLayers(nsecs_t now) {
-    const nsecs_t threshold = getActiveLayerThreshold(now);
-
-    // Collect expired and inactive layers after active layers.
-    size_t i = 0;
-    while (i < mActiveLayersEnd) {
-        auto& [weak, info] = mLayerInfos[i];
-        if (const auto layer = weak.promote(); layer && isLayerActive(*layer, *info, threshold)) {
-            i++;
-            // Set layer vote if set
-            const auto frameRate = layer->getFrameRateForLayerTree();
-            const auto voteType = [&]() {
-                switch (frameRate.type) {
-                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::Default:
-                        return LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault;
-                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple:
-                        return LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
-                    case Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::NoVote:
-                        return LayerVoteType::NoVote;
-                }
-            }();
-
-            if (frameRate.rate > 0 || voteType == LayerVoteType::NoVote) {
-                const auto type = layer->isVisible() ? voteType : LayerVoteType::NoVote;
-                info->setLayerVote({type, frameRate.rate, frameRate.shouldBeSeamless});
-            } else {
-                info->resetLayerVote();
-            }
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if (CC_UNLIKELY(mTraceEnabled)) {
-            trace(weak, *info, LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote, 0);
-        }
-
-        info->onLayerInactive(now);
-        std::swap(mLayerInfos[i], mLayerInfos[--mActiveLayersEnd]);
-    }
-
-    // Collect expired layers after inactive layers.
-    size_t end = mLayerInfos.size();
-    while (i < end) {
-        if (mLayerInfos[i].first.promote()) {
-            i++;
-        } else {
-            std::swap(mLayerInfos[i], mLayerInfos[--end]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    mLayerInfos.erase(mLayerInfos.begin() + static_cast<long>(end), mLayerInfos.end());
-}
-
-void LayerHistoryV2::clear() {
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-
-    for (const auto& [layer, info] : activeLayers()) {
-        info->clearHistory(systemTime());
-    }
-}
-
-std::string LayerHistoryV2::dump() const {
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-    return base::StringPrintf("LayerHistoryV2{size=%zu, active=%zu}", mLayerInfos.size(),
-                              mActiveLayersEnd);
-}
-
-} // namespace android::scheduler::impl
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp
index 6d9dd43..66ac98a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,36 +14,284 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+// #define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
+
 #include "LayerInfo.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include <cutils/compiler.h>
+#include <cutils/trace.h>
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "LayerInfo"
+
 namespace android::scheduler {
 
-LayerInfo::LayerInfo(float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate)
-      : mLowRefreshRate(lowRefreshRate), mHighRefreshRate(highRefreshRate) {}
+const RefreshRateConfigs* LayerInfo::sRefreshRateConfigs = nullptr;
+bool LayerInfo::sTraceEnabled = false;
 
-void LayerInfo::setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now) {
+LayerInfo::LayerInfo(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote)
+      : mName(name),
+        mHighRefreshRatePeriod(highRefreshRatePeriod),
+        mDefaultVote(defaultVote),
+        mLayerVote({defaultVote, 0.0f}),
+        mRefreshRateHistory(name) {}
+
+void LayerInfo::setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType,
+                                   bool pendingConfigChange) {
     lastPresentTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, static_cast<nsecs_t>(0));
 
-    // Buffers can come with a present time far in the future. That keeps them relevant.
     mLastUpdatedTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
-    mPresentTimeHistory.insertPresentTime(mLastUpdatedTime);
+    switch (updateType) {
+        case LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX:
+            mLastAnimationTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
+            break;
+        case LayerUpdateType::SetFrameRate:
+        case LayerUpdateType::Buffer:
+            FrameTimeData frameTime = {.presetTime = lastPresentTime,
+                                       .queueTime = mLastUpdatedTime,
+                                       .pendingConfigChange = pendingConfigChange};
+            mFrameTimes.push_back(frameTime);
+            if (mFrameTimes.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
+                mFrameTimes.pop_front();
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+}
 
-    if (mLastPresentTime == 0) {
-        // First frame
-        mLastPresentTime = lastPresentTime;
-        return;
+bool LayerInfo::isFrameTimeValid(const FrameTimeData& frameTime) const {
+    return frameTime.queueTime >= std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
+                                          mFrameTimeValidSince.time_since_epoch())
+                                          .count();
+}
+
+bool LayerInfo::isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const {
+    // If we know nothing about this layer we consider it as frequent as it might be the start
+    // of an animation.
+    if (mFrameTimes.size() < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
+        return true;
     }
 
-    const nsecs_t period = lastPresentTime - mLastPresentTime;
-    mLastPresentTime = lastPresentTime;
-    // Ignore time diff that are too high - those are stale values
-    if (period > MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count()) return;
+    // Find the first active frame
+    auto it = mFrameTimes.begin();
+    for (; it != mFrameTimes.end(); ++it) {
+        if (it->queueTime >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
 
-    const float fps = std::min(1e9f / period, mHighRefreshRate);
-    mRefreshRateHistory.insertRefreshRate(fps);
+    const auto numFrames = std::distance(it, mFrameTimes.end());
+    if (numFrames < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Layer is considered frequent if the average frame rate is higher than the threshold
+    const auto totalTime = mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - it->queueTime;
+    return (1e9f * (numFrames - 1)) / totalTime >= MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER;
+}
+
+bool LayerInfo::isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const {
+    return mLastAnimationTime >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now);
+}
+
+bool LayerInfo::hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const {
+    // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_DURATION of updates
+    if (mFrameTimes.size() < 2) {
+        ALOGV("fewer than 2 frames recorded: %zu", mFrameTimes.size());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!isFrameTimeValid(mFrameTimes.front())) {
+        ALOGV("stale frames still captured");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const auto totalDuration = mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - mFrameTimes.front().queueTime;
+    if (mFrameTimes.size() < HISTORY_SIZE && totalDuration < HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
+        ALOGV("not enough frames captured: %zu | %.2f seconds", mFrameTimes.size(),
+              totalDuration / 1e9f);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::optional<nsecs_t> LayerInfo::calculateAverageFrameTime() const {
+    nsecs_t totalPresentTimeDeltas = 0;
+    nsecs_t totalQueueTimeDeltas = 0;
+    bool missingPresentTime = false;
+    int numFrames = 0;
+    for (auto it = mFrameTimes.begin(); it != mFrameTimes.end() - 1; ++it) {
+        // Ignore frames captured during a config change
+        if (it->pendingConfigChange || (it + 1)->pendingConfigChange) {
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+
+        totalQueueTimeDeltas +=
+                std::max(((it + 1)->queueTime - it->queueTime), mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
+        numFrames++;
+
+        if (!missingPresentTime && (it->presetTime == 0 || (it + 1)->presetTime == 0)) {
+            missingPresentTime = true;
+            // If there are no presentation timestamps and we haven't calculated
+            // one in the past then we can't calculate the refresh rate
+            if (mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0) {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        totalPresentTimeDeltas +=
+                std::max(((it + 1)->presetTime - it->presetTime), mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
+    }
+
+    // Calculate the average frame time based on presentation timestamps. If those
+    // doesn't exist, we look at the time the buffer was queued only. We can do that only if
+    // we calculated a refresh rate based on presentation timestamps in the past. The reason
+    // we look at the queue time is to handle cases where hwui attaches presentation timestamps
+    // when implementing render ahead for specific refresh rates. When hwui no longer provides
+    // presentation timestamps we look at the queue time to see if the current refresh rate still
+    // matches the content.
+
+    const auto averageFrameTime =
+            static_cast<float>(missingPresentTime ? totalQueueTimeDeltas : totalPresentTimeDeltas) /
+            numFrames;
+    return static_cast<nsecs_t>(averageFrameTime);
+}
+
+std::optional<float> LayerInfo::calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now) {
+    static constexpr float MARGIN = 1.0f; // 1Hz
+    if (!hasEnoughDataForHeuristic()) {
+        ALOGV("Not enough data");
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const auto averageFrameTime = calculateAverageFrameTime();
+    if (averageFrameTime.has_value()) {
+        const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / *averageFrameTime;
+        const bool refreshRateConsistent = mRefreshRateHistory.add(refreshRate, now);
+        if (refreshRateConsistent) {
+            const auto knownRefreshRate =
+                    sRefreshRateConfigs->findClosestKnownFrameRate(refreshRate);
+
+            // To avoid oscillation, use the last calculated refresh rate if it is
+            // close enough
+            if (std::abs(mLastRefreshRate.calculated - refreshRate) > MARGIN &&
+                mLastRefreshRate.reported != knownRefreshRate) {
+                mLastRefreshRate.calculated = refreshRate;
+                mLastRefreshRate.reported = knownRefreshRate;
+            }
+
+            ALOGV("%s %.2fHz rounded to nearest known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
+                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
+        } else {
+            ALOGV("%s Not stable (%.2fHz) returning last known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
+                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0 ? std::nullopt
+                                          : std::make_optional(mLastRefreshRate.reported);
+}
+
+LayerInfo::LayerVote LayerInfo::getRefreshRateVote(nsecs_t now) {
+    if (mLayerVote.type != LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
+        ALOGV("%s voted %d ", mName.c_str(), static_cast<int>(mLayerVote.type));
+        return mLayerVote;
+    }
+
+    if (isAnimating(now)) {
+        ALOGV("%s is animating", mName.c_str());
+        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
+        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
+    }
+
+    if (!isFrequent(now)) {
+        ALOGV("%s is infrequent", mName.c_str());
+        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
+        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 0};
+    }
+
+    // If the layer was previously tagged as animating or infrequent, we clear
+    // the history as it is likely the layer just changed its behavior
+    // and we should not look at stale data
+    if (mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent) {
+        clearHistory(now);
+    }
+
+    auto refreshRate = calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(now);
+    if (refreshRate.has_value()) {
+        ALOGV("%s calculated refresh rate: %.2f", mName.c_str(), refreshRate.value());
+        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, refreshRate.value()};
+    }
+
+    ALOGV("%s Max (can't resolve refresh rate)", mName.c_str());
+    return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
+}
+
+const char* LayerInfo::getTraceTag(android::scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const {
+    if (mTraceTags.count(type) == 0) {
+        const auto tag = "LFPS " + mName + " " + RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(type);
+        mTraceTags.emplace(type, tag);
+    }
+
+    return mTraceTags.at(type).c_str();
+}
+
+LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::HeuristicTraceTagData
+LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const {
+    const std::string prefix = "LFPS ";
+    const std::string suffix = "Heuristic ";
+    return {.min = prefix + mName + suffix + "min",
+            .max = prefix + mName + suffix + "max",
+            .consistent = prefix + mName + suffix + "consistent",
+            .average = prefix + mName + suffix + "average"};
+}
+
+void LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::clear() {
+    mRefreshRates.clear();
+}
+
+bool LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now) {
+    mRefreshRates.push_back({refreshRate, now});
+    while (mRefreshRates.size() >= HISTORY_SIZE ||
+           now - mRefreshRates.front().timestamp > HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
+        mRefreshRates.pop_front();
+    }
+
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
+        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
+            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
+        }
+
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->average.c_str(), static_cast<int>(refreshRate));
+    }
+
+    return isConsistent();
+}
+
+bool LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::isConsistent() const {
+    if (mRefreshRates.empty()) return true;
+
+    const auto max = std::max_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
+    const auto min = std::min_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
+    const auto consistent = max->refreshRate - min->refreshRate <= MARGIN_FPS;
+
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
+        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
+            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
+        }
+
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->max.c_str(), static_cast<int>(max->refreshRate));
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->min.c_str(), static_cast<int>(min->refreshRate));
+        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->consistent.c_str(), consistent);
+    }
+
+    return consistent;
 }
 
 } // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
index 820624b..e434670 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfo.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <deque>
 
+#include "LayerHistory.h"
+#include "RefreshRateConfigs.h"
+#include "Scheduler/Seamlessness.h"
 #include "SchedulerUtils.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -41,129 +44,179 @@
 
 // Stores history of present times and refresh rates for a layer.
 class LayerInfo {
+    using LayerUpdateType = LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType;
+
     // Layer is considered frequent if the earliest value in the window of most recent present times
     // is within a threshold. If a layer is infrequent, its average refresh rate is disregarded in
     // favor of a low refresh rate.
     static constexpr size_t FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE = 3;
-    static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS = 250ms;
-
-    /**
-     * Struct that keeps the information about the refresh rate for last
-     * HISTORY_SIZE frames. This is used to better determine the refresh rate
-     * for individual layers.
-     */
-    class RefreshRateHistory {
-    public:
-        explicit RefreshRateHistory(float highRefreshRate) : mHighRefreshRate(highRefreshRate) {}
-
-        void insertRefreshRate(float refreshRate) {
-            mElements.push_back(refreshRate);
-            if (mElements.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
-                mElements.pop_front();
-            }
-        }
-
-        float getRefreshRateAvg() const {
-            return mElements.empty() ? mHighRefreshRate : calculate_mean(mElements);
-        }
-
-        void clearHistory() { mElements.clear(); }
-
-    private:
-        const float mHighRefreshRate;
-
-        static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = 30;
-        std::deque<float> mElements;
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Struct that keeps the information about the present time for last
-     * HISTORY_SIZE frames. This is used to better determine whether the given layer
-     * is still relevant and it's refresh rate should be considered.
-     */
-    class PresentTimeHistory {
-    public:
-        static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = 90;
-
-        void insertPresentTime(nsecs_t presentTime) {
-            mElements.push_back(presentTime);
-            if (mElements.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
-                mElements.pop_front();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Returns whether the earliest present time is within the active threshold.
-        bool isRecentlyActive(nsecs_t now) const {
-            if (mElements.size() < 2) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_DURATION of updates
-            if (mElements.size() < HISTORY_SIZE &&
-                mElements.back() - mElements.front() < HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            return mElements.back() >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now);
-        }
-
-        bool isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const {
-            // Assume layer is infrequent if too few present times have been recorded.
-            if (mElements.size() < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Layer is frequent if the earliest value in the window of most recent present times is
-            // within threshold.
-            const auto it = mElements.end() - FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE;
-            const nsecs_t threshold = now - MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-            return *it >= threshold;
-        }
-
-        void clearHistory() { mElements.clear(); }
-
-    private:
-        std::deque<nsecs_t> mElements;
-        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 1s;
-    };
+    static constexpr float MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER = 10.0f;
+    static constexpr auto MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS =
+            std::chrono::nanoseconds(static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER)) + 1ms;
 
     friend class LayerHistoryTest;
 
 public:
-    LayerInfo(float lowRefreshRate, float highRefreshRate);
+    // Holds information about the layer vote
+    struct LayerVote {
+        LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type = LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
+        float fps = 0.0f;
+        Seamlessness seamlessness = Seamlessness::Default;
+    };
+
+    static void setTraceEnabled(bool enabled) { sTraceEnabled = enabled; }
+
+    static void setRefreshRateConfigs(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs) {
+        sRefreshRateConfigs = &refreshRateConfigs;
+    }
+
+    LayerInfo(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
+              LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote);
 
     LayerInfo(const LayerInfo&) = delete;
     LayerInfo& operator=(const LayerInfo&) = delete;
 
-    // Records the last requested oresent time. It also stores information about when
+    // Records the last requested present time. It also stores information about when
     // the layer was last updated. If the present time is farther in the future than the
     // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
-    void setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now);
+    void setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType,
+                            bool pendingConfigChange);
 
-    bool isRecentlyActive(nsecs_t now) const { return mPresentTimeHistory.isRecentlyActive(now); }
-    bool isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const { return mPresentTimeHistory.isFrequent(now); }
+    // Sets an explicit layer vote. This usually comes directly from the application via
+    // ANativeWindow_setFrameRate API
+    void setLayerVote(LayerVote vote) { mLayerVote = vote; }
 
-    float getRefreshRate(nsecs_t now) const {
-        return isFrequent(now) ? mRefreshRateHistory.getRefreshRateAvg() : mLowRefreshRate;
-    }
+    // Sets the default layer vote. This will be the layer vote after calling to resetLayerVote().
+    // This is used for layers that called to setLayerVote() and then removed the vote, so that the
+    // layer can go back to whatever vote it had before the app voted for it.
+    void setDefaultLayerVote(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) { mDefaultVote = type; }
+
+    // Resets the layer vote to its default.
+    void resetLayerVote() { mLayerVote = {mDefaultVote, 0.0f, Seamlessness::Default}; }
+
+    LayerVote getRefreshRateVote(nsecs_t now);
 
     // Return the last updated time. If the present time is farther in the future than the
     // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
     nsecs_t getLastUpdatedTime() const { return mLastUpdatedTime; }
 
-    void clearHistory() {
-        mRefreshRateHistory.clearHistory();
-        mPresentTimeHistory.clearHistory();
+    // Returns a C string for tracing a vote
+    const char* getTraceTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const;
+
+    void onLayerInactive(nsecs_t now) {
+        // Mark mFrameTimeValidSince to now to ignore all previous frame times.
+        // We are not deleting the old frame to keep track of whether we should treat the first
+        // buffer as Max as we don't know anything about this layer or Min as this layer is
+        // posting infrequent updates.
+        const auto timePoint = std::chrono::nanoseconds(now);
+        mFrameTimeValidSince = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>(timePoint);
+        mLastRefreshRate = {};
+        mRefreshRateHistory.clear();
+    }
+
+    void clearHistory(nsecs_t now) {
+        onLayerInactive(now);
+        mFrameTimes.clear();
     }
 
 private:
-    const float mLowRefreshRate;
-    const float mHighRefreshRate;
+    // Used to store the layer timestamps
+    struct FrameTimeData {
+        nsecs_t presetTime; // desiredPresentTime, if provided
+        nsecs_t queueTime;  // buffer queue time
+        bool pendingConfigChange;
+    };
+
+    // Holds information about the calculated and reported refresh rate
+    struct RefreshRateHeuristicData {
+        // Rate calculated on the layer
+        float calculated = 0.0f;
+        // Last reported rate for LayerInfo::getRefreshRate()
+        float reported = 0.0f;
+        // Whether the last reported rate for LayerInfo::getRefreshRate()
+        // was due to animation or infrequent updates
+        bool animatingOrInfrequent = false;
+    };
+
+    // Class to store past calculated refresh rate and determine whether
+    // the refresh rate calculated is consistent with past values
+    class RefreshRateHistory {
+    public:
+        static constexpr auto HISTORY_SIZE = 90;
+        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 2s;
+
+        RefreshRateHistory(const std::string& name) : mName(name) {}
+
+        // Clears History
+        void clear();
+
+        // Adds a new refresh rate and returns true if it is consistent
+        bool add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now);
+
+    private:
+        friend class LayerHistoryTest;
+
+        // Holds the refresh rate when it was calculated
+        struct RefreshRateData {
+            float refreshRate = 0.0f;
+            nsecs_t timestamp = 0;
+
+            bool operator<(const RefreshRateData& other) const {
+                return refreshRate < other.refreshRate;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Holds tracing strings
+        struct HeuristicTraceTagData {
+            std::string min;
+            std::string max;
+            std::string consistent;
+            std::string average;
+        };
+
+        bool isConsistent() const;
+        HeuristicTraceTagData makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const;
+
+        const std::string mName;
+        mutable std::optional<HeuristicTraceTagData> mHeuristicTraceTagData;
+        std::deque<RefreshRateData> mRefreshRates;
+        static constexpr float MARGIN_FPS = 1.0;
+    };
+
+    bool isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const;
+    bool isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const;
+    bool hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const;
+    std::optional<float> calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now);
+    std::optional<nsecs_t> calculateAverageFrameTime() const;
+    bool isFrameTimeValid(const FrameTimeData&) const;
+
+    const std::string mName;
+
+    // Used for sanitizing the heuristic data
+    const nsecs_t mHighRefreshRatePeriod;
+    LayerHistory::LayerVoteType mDefaultVote;
+
+    LayerVote mLayerVote;
 
     nsecs_t mLastUpdatedTime = 0;
-    nsecs_t mLastPresentTime = 0;
-    RefreshRateHistory mRefreshRateHistory{mHighRefreshRate};
-    PresentTimeHistory mPresentTimeHistory;
+
+    nsecs_t mLastAnimationTime = 0;
+
+    RefreshRateHeuristicData mLastRefreshRate;
+
+    std::deque<FrameTimeData> mFrameTimes;
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> mFrameTimeValidSince =
+            std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_SIZE;
+    static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 1s;
+
+    RefreshRateHistory mRefreshRateHistory;
+
+    mutable std::unordered_map<LayerHistory::LayerVoteType, std::string> mTraceTags;
+
+    // Shared for all LayerInfo instances
+    static const RefreshRateConfigs* sRefreshRateConfigs;
+    static bool sTraceEnabled;
 };
 
 } // namespace scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 94e7e20..0000000
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,297 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-// #define LOG_NDEBUG 0
-#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
-
-#include "LayerInfoV2.h"
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <utility>
-
-#include <cutils/compiler.h>
-#include <cutils/trace.h>
-
-#undef LOG_TAG
-#define LOG_TAG "LayerInfoV2"
-
-namespace android::scheduler {
-
-const RefreshRateConfigs* LayerInfoV2::sRefreshRateConfigs = nullptr;
-bool LayerInfoV2::sTraceEnabled = false;
-
-LayerInfoV2::LayerInfoV2(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
-                         LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote)
-      : mName(name),
-        mHighRefreshRatePeriod(highRefreshRatePeriod),
-        mDefaultVote(defaultVote),
-        mLayerVote({defaultVote, 0.0f}),
-        mRefreshRateHistory(name) {}
-
-void LayerInfoV2::setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now,
-                                     LayerUpdateType updateType, bool pendingConfigChange) {
-    lastPresentTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, static_cast<nsecs_t>(0));
-
-    mLastUpdatedTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
-    switch (updateType) {
-        case LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX:
-            mLastAnimationTime = std::max(lastPresentTime, now);
-            break;
-        case LayerUpdateType::SetFrameRate:
-        case LayerUpdateType::Buffer:
-            FrameTimeData frameTime = {.presetTime = lastPresentTime,
-                                       .queueTime = mLastUpdatedTime,
-                                       .pendingConfigChange = pendingConfigChange};
-            mFrameTimes.push_back(frameTime);
-            if (mFrameTimes.size() > HISTORY_SIZE) {
-                mFrameTimes.pop_front();
-            }
-            break;
-    }
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::isFrameTimeValid(const FrameTimeData& frameTime) const {
-    return frameTime.queueTime >= std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
-                                          mFrameTimeValidSince.time_since_epoch())
-                                          .count();
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const {
-    // If we know nothing about this layer we consider it as frequent as it might be the start
-    // of an animation.
-    if (mFrameTimes.size() < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    // Find the first active frame
-    auto it = mFrameTimes.begin();
-    for (; it != mFrameTimes.end(); ++it) {
-        if (it->queueTime >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now)) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    const auto numFrames = std::distance(it, mFrameTimes.end());
-    if (numFrames < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // Layer is considered frequent if the average frame rate is higher than the threshold
-    const auto totalTime = mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - it->queueTime;
-    return (1e9f * (numFrames - 1)) / totalTime >= MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER;
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const {
-    return mLastAnimationTime >= getActiveLayerThreshold(now);
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const {
-    // The layer had to publish at least HISTORY_SIZE or HISTORY_DURATION of updates
-    if (mFrameTimes.size() < 2) {
-        ALOGV("fewer than 2 frames recorded: %zu", mFrameTimes.size());
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (!isFrameTimeValid(mFrameTimes.front())) {
-        ALOGV("stale frames still captured");
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    const auto totalDuration = mFrameTimes.back().queueTime - mFrameTimes.front().queueTime;
-    if (mFrameTimes.size() < HISTORY_SIZE && totalDuration < HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
-        ALOGV("not enough frames captured: %zu | %.2f seconds", mFrameTimes.size(),
-              totalDuration / 1e9f);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-std::optional<nsecs_t> LayerInfoV2::calculateAverageFrameTime() const {
-    nsecs_t totalPresentTimeDeltas = 0;
-    nsecs_t totalQueueTimeDeltas = 0;
-    bool missingPresentTime = false;
-    int numFrames = 0;
-    for (auto it = mFrameTimes.begin(); it != mFrameTimes.end() - 1; ++it) {
-        // Ignore frames captured during a config change
-        if (it->pendingConfigChange || (it + 1)->pendingConfigChange) {
-            return std::nullopt;
-        }
-
-        totalQueueTimeDeltas +=
-                std::max(((it + 1)->queueTime - it->queueTime), mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
-        numFrames++;
-
-        if (!missingPresentTime && (it->presetTime == 0 || (it + 1)->presetTime == 0)) {
-            missingPresentTime = true;
-            // If there are no presentation timestamps and we haven't calculated
-            // one in the past then we can't calculate the refresh rate
-            if (mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0) {
-                return std::nullopt;
-            }
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        totalPresentTimeDeltas +=
-                std::max(((it + 1)->presetTime - it->presetTime), mHighRefreshRatePeriod);
-    }
-
-    // Calculate the average frame time based on presentation timestamps. If those
-    // doesn't exist, we look at the time the buffer was queued only. We can do that only if
-    // we calculated a refresh rate based on presentation timestamps in the past. The reason
-    // we look at the queue time is to handle cases where hwui attaches presentation timestamps
-    // when implementing render ahead for specific refresh rates. When hwui no longer provides
-    // presentation timestamps we look at the queue time to see if the current refresh rate still
-    // matches the content.
-
-    const auto averageFrameTime =
-            static_cast<float>(missingPresentTime ? totalQueueTimeDeltas : totalPresentTimeDeltas) /
-            numFrames;
-    return static_cast<nsecs_t>(averageFrameTime);
-}
-
-std::optional<float> LayerInfoV2::calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now) {
-    static constexpr float MARGIN = 1.0f; // 1Hz
-    if (!hasEnoughDataForHeuristic()) {
-        ALOGV("Not enough data");
-        return std::nullopt;
-    }
-
-    const auto averageFrameTime = calculateAverageFrameTime();
-    if (averageFrameTime.has_value()) {
-        const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / *averageFrameTime;
-        const bool refreshRateConsistent = mRefreshRateHistory.add(refreshRate, now);
-        if (refreshRateConsistent) {
-            const auto knownRefreshRate =
-                    sRefreshRateConfigs->findClosestKnownFrameRate(refreshRate);
-
-            // To avoid oscillation, use the last calculated refresh rate if it is
-            // close enough
-            if (std::abs(mLastRefreshRate.calculated - refreshRate) > MARGIN &&
-                mLastRefreshRate.reported != knownRefreshRate) {
-                mLastRefreshRate.calculated = refreshRate;
-                mLastRefreshRate.reported = knownRefreshRate;
-            }
-
-            ALOGV("%s %.2fHz rounded to nearest known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
-                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
-        } else {
-            ALOGV("%s Not stable (%.2fHz) returning last known frame rate %.2fHz", mName.c_str(),
-                  refreshRate, mLastRefreshRate.reported);
-        }
-    }
-
-    return mLastRefreshRate.reported == 0 ? std::nullopt
-                                          : std::make_optional(mLastRefreshRate.reported);
-}
-
-LayerInfoV2::LayerVote LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRateVote(nsecs_t now) {
-    if (mLayerVote.type != LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
-        ALOGV("%s voted %d ", mName.c_str(), static_cast<int>(mLayerVote.type));
-        return mLayerVote;
-    }
-
-    if (isAnimating(now)) {
-        ALOGV("%s is animating", mName.c_str());
-        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
-        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
-    }
-
-    if (!isFrequent(now)) {
-        ALOGV("%s is infrequent", mName.c_str());
-        mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent = true;
-        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, 0};
-    }
-
-    // If the layer was previously tagged as animating or infrequent, we clear
-    // the history as it is likely the layer just changed its behavior
-    // and we should not look at stale data
-    if (mLastRefreshRate.animatingOrInfrequent) {
-        clearHistory(now);
-    }
-
-    auto refreshRate = calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(now);
-    if (refreshRate.has_value()) {
-        ALOGV("%s calculated refresh rate: %.2f", mName.c_str(), refreshRate.value());
-        return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, refreshRate.value()};
-    }
-
-    ALOGV("%s Max (can't resolve refresh rate)", mName.c_str());
-    return {LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, 0};
-}
-
-const char* LayerInfoV2::getTraceTag(android::scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const {
-    if (mTraceTags.count(type) == 0) {
-        const auto tag = "LFPS " + mName + " " + RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(type);
-        mTraceTags.emplace(type, tag);
-    }
-
-    return mTraceTags.at(type).c_str();
-}
-
-LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::HeuristicTraceTagData
-LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const {
-    const std::string prefix = "LFPS ";
-    const std::string suffix = "Heuristic ";
-    return {.min = prefix + mName + suffix + "min",
-            .max = prefix + mName + suffix + "max",
-            .consistent = prefix + mName + suffix + "consistent",
-            .average = prefix + mName + suffix + "average"};
-}
-
-void LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::clear() {
-    mRefreshRates.clear();
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now) {
-    mRefreshRates.push_back({refreshRate, now});
-    while (mRefreshRates.size() >= HISTORY_SIZE ||
-           now - mRefreshRates.front().timestamp > HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
-        mRefreshRates.pop_front();
-    }
-
-    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
-        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
-            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
-        }
-
-        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->average.c_str(), static_cast<int>(refreshRate));
-    }
-
-    return isConsistent();
-}
-
-bool LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::isConsistent() const {
-    if (mRefreshRates.empty()) return true;
-
-    const auto max = std::max_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
-    const auto min = std::min_element(mRefreshRates.begin(), mRefreshRates.end());
-    const auto consistent = max->refreshRate - min->refreshRate <= MARGIN_FPS;
-
-    if (CC_UNLIKELY(sTraceEnabled)) {
-        if (!mHeuristicTraceTagData.has_value()) {
-            mHeuristicTraceTagData = makeHeuristicTraceTagData();
-        }
-
-        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->max.c_str(), static_cast<int>(max->refreshRate));
-        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->min.c_str(), static_cast<int>(min->refreshRate));
-        ATRACE_INT(mHeuristicTraceTagData->consistent.c_str(), consistent);
-    }
-
-    return consistent;
-}
-
-} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2305bc3..0000000
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,222 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <utils/Timers.h>
-
-#include <chrono>
-#include <deque>
-
-#include "LayerHistory.h"
-#include "RefreshRateConfigs.h"
-#include "SchedulerUtils.h"
-
-namespace android {
-
-class Layer;
-
-namespace scheduler {
-
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-
-// Maximum period between presents for a layer to be considered active.
-constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS = 1200ms;
-
-// Earliest present time for a layer to be considered active.
-constexpr nsecs_t getActiveLayerThreshold(nsecs_t now) {
-    return now - MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-}
-
-// Stores history of present times and refresh rates for a layer.
-class LayerInfoV2 {
-    using LayerUpdateType = LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType;
-
-    // Layer is considered frequent if the earliest value in the window of most recent present times
-    // is within a threshold. If a layer is infrequent, its average refresh rate is disregarded in
-    // favor of a low refresh rate.
-    static constexpr size_t FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE = 3;
-    static constexpr float MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER = 10.0f;
-    static constexpr auto MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS =
-            std::chrono::nanoseconds(static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / MIN_FPS_FOR_FREQUENT_LAYER)) + 1ms;
-
-    friend class LayerHistoryTestV2;
-
-public:
-    // Holds information about the layer vote
-    struct LayerVote {
-        LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type = LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
-        float fps = 0.0f;
-        bool shouldBeSeamless = true;
-    };
-
-    static void setTraceEnabled(bool enabled) { sTraceEnabled = enabled; }
-
-    static void setRefreshRateConfigs(const RefreshRateConfigs& refreshRateConfigs) {
-        sRefreshRateConfigs = &refreshRateConfigs;
-    }
-
-    LayerInfoV2(const std::string& name, nsecs_t highRefreshRatePeriod,
-                LayerHistory::LayerVoteType defaultVote);
-
-    LayerInfoV2(const LayerInfo&) = delete;
-    LayerInfoV2& operator=(const LayerInfoV2&) = delete;
-
-    // Records the last requested present time. It also stores information about when
-    // the layer was last updated. If the present time is farther in the future than the
-    // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
-    void setLastPresentTime(nsecs_t lastPresentTime, nsecs_t now, LayerUpdateType updateType,
-                            bool pendingConfigChange);
-
-    // Sets an explicit layer vote. This usually comes directly from the application via
-    // ANativeWindow_setFrameRate API
-    void setLayerVote(LayerVote vote) { mLayerVote = vote; }
-
-    // Sets the default layer vote. This will be the layer vote after calling to resetLayerVote().
-    // This is used for layers that called to setLayerVote() and then removed the vote, so that the
-    // layer can go back to whatever vote it had before the app voted for it.
-    void setDefaultLayerVote(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) { mDefaultVote = type; }
-
-    // Resets the layer vote to its default.
-    void resetLayerVote() { mLayerVote = {mDefaultVote, 0.0f, true}; }
-
-    LayerVote getRefreshRateVote(nsecs_t now);
-
-    // Return the last updated time. If the present time is farther in the future than the
-    // updated time, the updated time is the present time.
-    nsecs_t getLastUpdatedTime() const { return mLastUpdatedTime; }
-
-    // Returns a C string for tracing a vote
-    const char* getTraceTag(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType type) const;
-
-    void onLayerInactive(nsecs_t now) {
-        // Mark mFrameTimeValidSince to now to ignore all previous frame times.
-        // We are not deleting the old frame to keep track of whether we should treat the first
-        // buffer as Max as we don't know anything about this layer or Min as this layer is
-        // posting infrequent updates.
-        const auto timePoint = std::chrono::nanoseconds(now);
-        mFrameTimeValidSince = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>(timePoint);
-        mLastRefreshRate = {};
-        mRefreshRateHistory.clear();
-    }
-
-    void clearHistory(nsecs_t now) {
-        onLayerInactive(now);
-        mFrameTimes.clear();
-    }
-
-private:
-    // Used to store the layer timestamps
-    struct FrameTimeData {
-        nsecs_t presetTime; // desiredPresentTime, if provided
-        nsecs_t queueTime;  // buffer queue time
-        bool pendingConfigChange;
-    };
-
-    // Holds information about the calculated and reported refresh rate
-    struct RefreshRateHeuristicData {
-        // Rate calculated on the layer
-        float calculated = 0.0f;
-        // Last reported rate for LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRate()
-        float reported = 0.0f;
-        // Whether the last reported rate for LayerInfoV2::getRefreshRate()
-        // was due to animation or infrequent updates
-        bool animatingOrInfrequent = false;
-    };
-
-    // Class to store past calculated refresh rate and determine whether
-    // the refresh rate calculated is consistent with past values
-    class RefreshRateHistory {
-    public:
-        static constexpr auto HISTORY_SIZE = 90;
-        static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 2s;
-
-        RefreshRateHistory(const std::string& name) : mName(name) {}
-
-        // Clears History
-        void clear();
-
-        // Adds a new refresh rate and returns true if it is consistent
-        bool add(float refreshRate, nsecs_t now);
-
-    private:
-        friend class LayerHistoryTestV2;
-
-        // Holds the refresh rate when it was calculated
-        struct RefreshRateData {
-            float refreshRate = 0.0f;
-            nsecs_t timestamp = 0;
-
-            bool operator<(const RefreshRateData& other) const {
-                return refreshRate < other.refreshRate;
-            }
-        };
-
-        // Holds tracing strings
-        struct HeuristicTraceTagData {
-            std::string min;
-            std::string max;
-            std::string consistent;
-            std::string average;
-        };
-
-        bool isConsistent() const;
-        HeuristicTraceTagData makeHeuristicTraceTagData() const;
-
-        const std::string mName;
-        mutable std::optional<HeuristicTraceTagData> mHeuristicTraceTagData;
-        std::deque<RefreshRateData> mRefreshRates;
-        static constexpr float MARGIN_FPS = 1.0;
-    };
-
-    bool isFrequent(nsecs_t now) const;
-    bool isAnimating(nsecs_t now) const;
-    bool hasEnoughDataForHeuristic() const;
-    std::optional<float> calculateRefreshRateIfPossible(nsecs_t now);
-    std::optional<nsecs_t> calculateAverageFrameTime() const;
-    bool isFrameTimeValid(const FrameTimeData&) const;
-
-    const std::string mName;
-
-    // Used for sanitizing the heuristic data
-    const nsecs_t mHighRefreshRatePeriod;
-    LayerHistory::LayerVoteType mDefaultVote;
-
-    LayerVote mLayerVote;
-
-    nsecs_t mLastUpdatedTime = 0;
-
-    nsecs_t mLastAnimationTime = 0;
-
-    RefreshRateHeuristicData mLastRefreshRate;
-
-    std::deque<FrameTimeData> mFrameTimes;
-    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> mFrameTimeValidSince =
-            std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-    static constexpr size_t HISTORY_SIZE = RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_SIZE;
-    static constexpr std::chrono::nanoseconds HISTORY_DURATION = 1s;
-
-    RefreshRateHistory mRefreshRateHistory;
-
-    mutable std::unordered_map<LayerHistory::LayerVoteType, std::string> mTraceTags;
-
-    // Shared for all LayerInfo instances
-    static const RefreshRateConfigs* sRefreshRateConfigs;
-    static bool sTraceEnabled;
-};
-
-} // namespace scheduler
-} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
index 8b4283c..83fa20e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,14 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "RefreshRateConfigs"
 
 namespace android::scheduler {
+namespace {
+std::string formatLayerInfo(const RefreshRateConfigs::LayerRequirement& layer, float weight) {
+    return base::StringPrintf("%s (type=%s, weight=%.2f seamlessness=%s) %.2fHz",
+                              layer.name.c_str(),
+                              RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(layer.vote).c_str(), weight,
+                              toString(layer.seamlessness).c_str(), layer.desiredRefreshRate);
+}
+} // namespace
 
 using AllRefreshRatesMapType = RefreshRateConfigs::AllRefreshRatesMapType;
 using RefreshRate = RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRate;
@@ -61,60 +69,6 @@
                               primaryRange.max, appRequestRange.min, appRequestRange.max);
 }
 
-const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateForContent(
-        const std::vector<LayerRequirement>& layers) const {
-    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
-    int contentFramerate = 0;
-    int explicitContentFramerate = 0;
-    for (const auto& layer : layers) {
-        const auto desiredRefreshRateRound = round<int>(layer.desiredRefreshRate);
-        if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault ||
-            layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple) {
-            if (desiredRefreshRateRound > explicitContentFramerate) {
-                explicitContentFramerate = desiredRefreshRateRound;
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (desiredRefreshRateRound > contentFramerate) {
-                contentFramerate = desiredRefreshRateRound;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (explicitContentFramerate != 0) {
-        contentFramerate = explicitContentFramerate;
-    } else if (contentFramerate == 0) {
-        contentFramerate = round<int>(mMaxSupportedRefreshRate->getFps());
-    }
-    ATRACE_INT("ContentFPS", contentFramerate);
-
-    // Find the appropriate refresh rate with minimal error
-    auto iter = min_element(mPrimaryRefreshRates.cbegin(), mPrimaryRefreshRates.cend(),
-                            [contentFramerate](const auto& lhs, const auto& rhs) -> bool {
-                                return std::abs(lhs->fps - contentFramerate) <
-                                        std::abs(rhs->fps - contentFramerate);
-                            });
-
-    // Some content aligns better on higher refresh rate. For example for 45fps we should choose
-    // 90Hz config. However we should still prefer a lower refresh rate if the content doesn't
-    // align well with both
-    const RefreshRate* bestSoFar = *iter;
-    constexpr float MARGIN = 0.05f;
-    float ratio = (*iter)->fps / contentFramerate;
-    if (std::abs(std::round(ratio) - ratio) > MARGIN) {
-        while (iter != mPrimaryRefreshRates.cend()) {
-            ratio = (*iter)->fps / contentFramerate;
-
-            if (std::abs(std::round(ratio) - ratio) <= MARGIN) {
-                bestSoFar = *iter;
-                break;
-            }
-            ++iter;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return *bestSoFar;
-}
-
 std::pair<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> RefreshRateConfigs::getDisplayFrames(nsecs_t layerPeriod,
                                                                  nsecs_t displayPeriod) const {
     auto [displayFramesQuot, displayFramesRem] = std::div(layerPeriod, displayPeriod);
@@ -170,7 +124,7 @@
             maxExplicitWeight = std::max(maxExplicitWeight, layer.weight);
         }
 
-        if (!layer.shouldBeSeamless) {
+        if (layer.seamlessness == Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless) {
             seamedLayers++;
         }
     }
@@ -229,27 +183,38 @@
         auto weight = layer.weight;
 
         for (auto i = 0u; i < scores.size(); i++) {
-            // If there are no layers with shouldBeSeamless=false and the current
-            // config group is different from the default one, this means a layer with
-            // shouldBeSeamless=false has just disappeared and we should switch back to
-            // the default config group.
-            const bool isSeamlessSwitch = seamedLayers > 0
-                    ? scores[i].first->getConfigGroup() == mCurrentRefreshRate->getConfigGroup()
-                    : scores[i].first->getConfigGroup() == defaultConfig->getConfigGroup();
+            const bool isSeamlessSwitch =
+                    scores[i].first->getConfigGroup() == mCurrentRefreshRate->getConfigGroup();
 
-            if (layer.shouldBeSeamless && !isSeamlessSwitch) {
-                ALOGV("%s (weight %.2f) ignores %s (group=%d) to avoid non-seamless switch."
-                      "Current config = %s",
-                      layer.name.c_str(), weight, scores[i].first->name.c_str(),
-                      scores[i].first->getConfigGroup(), mCurrentRefreshRate->toString().c_str());
+            if (layer.seamlessness == Seamlessness::OnlySeamless && !isSeamlessSwitch) {
+                ALOGV("%s ignores %s to avoid non-seamless switch. Current config = %s",
+                      formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(), scores[i].first->toString().c_str(),
+                      mCurrentRefreshRate->toString().c_str());
                 continue;
             }
 
-            if (!layer.shouldBeSeamless && !isSeamlessSwitch && !layer.focused) {
-                ALOGV("%s (weight %.2f) ignores %s (group=%d) because it's not focused"
-                      " and the switch is going to be seamed. Current config = %s",
-                      layer.name.c_str(), weight, scores[i].first->name.c_str(),
-                      scores[i].first->getConfigGroup(), mCurrentRefreshRate->toString().c_str());
+            if (layer.seamlessness == Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless && !isSeamlessSwitch &&
+                !layer.focused) {
+                ALOGV("%s ignores %s because it's not focused and the switch is going to be seamed."
+                      " Current config = %s",
+                      formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(), scores[i].first->toString().c_str(),
+                      mCurrentRefreshRate->toString().c_str());
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Layers with default seamlessness vote for the current config group if
+            // there are layers with seamlessness=SeamedAndSeamless and for the default
+            // config group otherwise. In second case, if the current config group is different
+            // from the default, this means a layer with seamlessness=SeamedAndSeamless has just
+            // disappeared.
+            const bool isInPolicyForDefault = seamedLayers > 0
+                    ? scores[i].first->getConfigGroup() == mCurrentRefreshRate->getConfigGroup()
+                    : scores[i].first->getConfigGroup() == defaultConfig->getConfigGroup();
+
+            if (layer.seamlessness == Seamlessness::Default && !isInPolicyForDefault &&
+                !layer.focused) {
+                ALOGV("%s ignores %s. Current config = %s", formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(),
+                      scores[i].first->toString().c_str(), mCurrentRefreshRate->toString().c_str());
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -267,7 +232,7 @@
                 const auto ratio = scores[i].first->fps / scores.back().first->fps;
                 // use ratio^2 to get a lower score the more we get further from peak
                 const auto layerScore = ratio * ratio;
-                ALOGV("%s (Max, weight %.2f) gives %s score of %.2f", layer.name.c_str(), weight,
+                ALOGV("%s gives %s score of %.2f", formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(),
                       scores[i].first->name.c_str(), layerScore);
                 scores[i].second += weight * layerScore;
                 continue;
@@ -290,9 +255,8 @@
                                             static_cast<float>(actualLayerPeriod));
                 }();
 
-                ALOGV("%s (ExplicitDefault, weight %.2f) %.2fHz gives %s score of %.2f",
-                      layer.name.c_str(), weight, 1e9f / layerPeriod, scores[i].first->name.c_str(),
-                      layerScore);
+                ALOGV("%s gives %s score of %.2f", formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(),
+                      scores[i].first->name.c_str(), layerScore);
                 scores[i].second += weight * layerScore;
                 continue;
             }
@@ -332,8 +296,7 @@
                 // Slightly prefer seamless switches.
                 constexpr float kSeamedSwitchPenalty = 0.95f;
                 const float seamlessness = isSeamlessSwitch ? 1.0f : kSeamedSwitchPenalty;
-                ALOGV("%s (%s, weight %.2f) %.2fHz gives %s score of %.2f", layer.name.c_str(),
-                      layerVoteTypeString(layer.vote).c_str(), weight, 1e9f / layerPeriod,
+                ALOGV("%s gives %s score of %.2f", formatLayerInfo(layer, weight).c_str(),
                       scores[i].first->name.c_str(), layerScore);
                 scores[i].second += weight * layerScore * seamlessness;
                 continue;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
index a873777..6e0c0d3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "DisplayHardware/HWComposer.h"
 #include "HwcStrongTypes.h"
 #include "Scheduler/SchedulerUtils.h"
+#include "Scheduler/Seamlessness.h"
 #include "Scheduler/StrongTyping.h"
 
 namespace android::scheduler {
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@
         // Layer's desired refresh rate, if applicable.
         float desiredRefreshRate = 0.0f;
         // If a seamless mode switch is required.
-        bool shouldBeSeamless = true;
+        Seamlessness seamlessness = Seamlessness::Default;
         // Layer's weight in the range of [0, 1]. The higher the weight the more impact this layer
         // would have on choosing the refresh rate.
         float weight = 0.0f;
@@ -231,17 +232,14 @@
 
         bool operator==(const LayerRequirement& other) const {
             return name == other.name && vote == other.vote &&
-                    desiredRefreshRate == other.desiredRefreshRate && weight == other.weight &&
+                    desiredRefreshRate == other.desiredRefreshRate &&
+                    seamlessness == other.seamlessness && weight == other.weight &&
                     focused == other.focused;
         }
 
         bool operator!=(const LayerRequirement& other) const { return !(*this == other); }
     };
 
-    // Returns the refresh rate that fits best to the given layers.
-    const RefreshRate& getRefreshRateForContent(const std::vector<LayerRequirement>& layers) const
-            EXCLUDES(mLock);
-
     // Global state describing signals that affect refresh rate choice.
     struct GlobalSignals {
         // Whether the user touched the screen recently. Used to apply touch boost.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
index f6d712e..52bf483 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp
@@ -89,9 +89,8 @@
                                                 timerSlack.count(), vsyncMoveThreshold.count());
 }
 
-const char* toContentDetectionString(bool useContentDetection, bool useContentDetectionV2) {
-    if (!useContentDetection) return "off";
-    return useContentDetectionV2 ? "V2" : "V1";
+const char* toContentDetectionString(bool useContentDetection) {
+    return useContentDetection ? "on" : "off";
 }
 
 } // namespace
@@ -119,14 +118,13 @@
 Scheduler::Scheduler(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback)
       : Scheduler(configs, callback,
                   {.supportKernelTimer = sysprop::support_kernel_idle_timer(false),
-                   .useContentDetection = sysprop::use_content_detection_for_refresh_rate(false),
-                   .useContentDetectionV2 =
-                           base::GetBoolProperty("debug.sf.use_content_detection_v2"s, true)}) {}
+                   .useContentDetection = sysprop::use_content_detection_for_refresh_rate(false)}) {
+}
 
 Scheduler::Scheduler(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback,
                      Options options)
       : Scheduler(createVsyncSchedule(options.supportKernelTimer), configs, callback,
-                  createLayerHistory(configs, options.useContentDetectionV2), options) {
+                  createLayerHistory(configs), options) {
     using namespace sysprop;
 
     const int setIdleTimerMs = base::GetIntProperty("debug.sf.set_idle_timer_ms"s, 0);
@@ -195,14 +193,10 @@
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<LayerHistory> Scheduler::createLayerHistory(
-        const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, bool useContentDetectionV2) {
+        const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs) {
     if (!configs.canSwitch()) return nullptr;
 
-    if (useContentDetectionV2) {
-        return std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2>(configs);
-    }
-
-    return std::make_unique<scheduler::impl::LayerHistory>();
+    return std::make_unique<scheduler::LayerHistory>(configs);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<VSyncSource> Scheduler::makePrimaryDispSyncSource(
@@ -528,14 +522,6 @@
         // still need to be registered.
         mLayerHistory->registerLayer(layer, minFps, maxFps,
                                      scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max);
-    } else if (!mOptions.useContentDetectionV2) {
-        // In V1 of content detection, all layers are registered as Heuristic (unless it's
-        // wallpaper).
-        const auto highFps =
-                layer->getWindowType() == InputWindowInfo::Type::WALLPAPER ? minFps : maxFps;
-
-        mLayerHistory->registerLayer(layer, minFps, highFps,
-                                     scheduler::LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
     } else {
         if (layer->getWindowType() == InputWindowInfo::Type::WALLPAPER) {
             // Running Wallpaper at Min is considered as part of content detection.
@@ -574,8 +560,6 @@
             return;
         }
         mFeatures.contentRequirements = summary;
-        mFeatures.contentDetectionV1 =
-                !summary.empty() ? ContentDetectionState::On : ContentDetectionState::Off;
 
         scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::GlobalSignals consideredSignals;
         newConfigId = calculateRefreshRateConfigIndexType(&consideredSignals);
@@ -682,8 +666,7 @@
     StringAppendF(&result, "+  Touch timer: %s\n",
                   mTouchTimer ? mTouchTimer->dump().c_str() : "off");
     StringAppendF(&result, "+  Content detection: %s %s\n\n",
-                  toContentDetectionString(mOptions.useContentDetection,
-                                           mOptions.useContentDetectionV2),
+                  toContentDetectionString(mOptions.useContentDetection),
                   mLayerHistory ? mLayerHistory->dump().c_str() : "(no layer history)");
 }
 
@@ -740,29 +723,6 @@
     const bool touchActive = mTouchTimer && mFeatures.touch == TouchState::Active;
     const bool idle = mIdleTimer && mFeatures.idleTimer == TimerState::Expired;
 
-    if (!mOptions.useContentDetectionV2) {
-        // As long as touch is active we want to be in performance mode.
-        if (touchActive) {
-            return mRefreshRateConfigs.getMaxRefreshRateByPolicy().getConfigId();
-        }
-
-        // If timer has expired as it means there is no new content on the screen.
-        if (idle) {
-            if (consideredSignals) consideredSignals->idle = true;
-            return mRefreshRateConfigs.getMinRefreshRateByPolicy().getConfigId();
-        }
-
-        // If content detection is off we choose performance as we don't know the content fps.
-        if (mFeatures.contentDetectionV1 == ContentDetectionState::Off) {
-            // NOTE: V1 always calls this, but this is not a default behavior for V2.
-            return mRefreshRateConfigs.getMaxRefreshRateByPolicy().getConfigId();
-        }
-
-        // Content detection is on, find the appropriate refresh rate with minimal error
-        return mRefreshRateConfigs.getRefreshRateForContent(mFeatures.contentRequirements)
-                .getConfigId();
-    }
-
     return mRefreshRateConfigs
             .getBestRefreshRate(mFeatures.contentRequirements, {.touch = touchActive, .idle = idle},
                                 consideredSignals)
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
index 76e8f57..f16e1f9 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Scheduler.h
@@ -183,8 +183,6 @@
         bool supportKernelTimer;
         // Whether to use content detection at all.
         bool useContentDetection;
-        // Whether to use improved content detection.
-        bool useContentDetectionV2;
     };
 
     struct VsyncSchedule {
@@ -201,8 +199,7 @@
               std::unique_ptr<LayerHistory>, Options);
 
     static VsyncSchedule createVsyncSchedule(bool supportKernelIdleTimer);
-    static std::unique_ptr<LayerHistory> createLayerHistory(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs&,
-                                                            bool useContentDetectionV2);
+    static std::unique_ptr<LayerHistory> createLayerHistory(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs&);
 
     // Create a connection on the given EventThread.
     ConnectionHandle createConnection(std::unique_ptr<EventThread>);
@@ -270,7 +267,6 @@
     std::mutex mFeatureStateLock;
 
     struct {
-        ContentDetectionState contentDetectionV1 = ContentDetectionState::Off;
         TimerState idleTimer = TimerState::Reset;
         TouchState touch = TouchState::Inactive;
         TimerState displayPowerTimer = TimerState::Expired;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Seamlessness.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Seamlessness.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e42a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Seamlessness.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ostream>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace scheduler {
+
+// The seamlessness requirement of a Layer.
+enum class Seamlessness {
+    // Indicates a requirement for a seamless mode switch.
+    OnlySeamless,
+    // Indicates that both seamless and seamed mode switches are allowed.
+    SeamedAndSeamless,
+    // Indicates no preference for seamlessness. For such layers the system will
+    // prefer seamless switches, but also non-seamless switches to the group of the
+    // default config are allowed.
+    Default
+};
+
+inline std::string toString(Seamlessness seamlessness) {
+    switch (seamlessness) {
+        case Seamlessness::OnlySeamless:
+            return "OnlySeamless";
+        case Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless:
+            return "SeamedAndSeamless";
+        case Seamlessness::Default:
+            return "Default";
+    }
+}
+
+// Used by gtest
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Seamlessness val) {
+    return os << toString(val);
+}
+
+} // namespace scheduler
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index f9fe6e1..576bd50 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -606,8 +606,7 @@
     return *mCompositionEngine.get();
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::bootFinished()
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::bootFinished() {
     if (mBootFinished == true) {
         ALOGE("Extra call to bootFinished");
         return;
@@ -2106,8 +2105,7 @@
     getBE().mCompositorTiming.presentLatency = snappedCompositeToPresentLatency;
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::postComposition()
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::postComposition() {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     ALOGV("postComposition");
 
@@ -2296,8 +2294,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransaction(uint32_t transactionFlags)
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransaction(uint32_t transactionFlags) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
     // here we keep a copy of the drawing state (that is the state that's
@@ -2659,8 +2656,7 @@
     mDrawingState.displays = mCurrentState.displays;
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransactionLocked(uint32_t transactionFlags)
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransactionLocked(uint32_t transactionFlags) {
     const nsecs_t expectedPresentTime = mExpectedPresentTime.load();
 
     // Notify all layers of available frames
@@ -3011,8 +3007,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool SurfaceFlinger::handlePageFlip()
-{
+bool SurfaceFlinger::handlePageFlip() {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     ALOGV("handlePageFlip");
 
@@ -3092,8 +3087,7 @@
     return !mLayersWithQueuedFrames.empty() && newDataLatched;
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::invalidateHwcGeometry()
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::invalidateHwcGeometry() {
     mGeometryInvalid = true;
 }
 
@@ -4041,7 +4035,14 @@
                                                 sp<Layer>* outLayer) {
     LayerCreationArgs args(this, client, std::move(name), w, h, flags, std::move(metadata));
     args.textureName = getNewTexture();
-    sp<BufferStateLayer> layer = getFactory().createBufferStateLayer(args);
+    sp<BufferStateLayer> layer;
+    {
+        // TODO (b/173538294): Investigate why we need mStateLock here and above in
+        // createBufferQueue layer. Is it the renderengine::Image?
+        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
+        layer = getFactory().createBufferStateLayer(args);
+
+    }
     *handle = layer->getHandle();
     *outLayer = layer;
 
@@ -4073,8 +4074,7 @@
     setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
 }
 
-void SurfaceFlinger::onHandleDestroyed(sp<Layer>& layer)
-{
+void SurfaceFlinger::onHandleDestroyed(sp<Layer>& layer) {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
     // If a layer has a parent, we allow it to out-live it's handle
     // with the idea that the parent holds a reference and will eventually
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
index 18f3745..7427e27 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@
         "HWComposerTest.cpp",
         "OneShotTimerTest.cpp",
         "LayerHistoryTest.cpp",
-        "LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp",
         "LayerMetadataTest.cpp",
         "MessageQueueTest.cpp",
         "PromiseTest.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
index 0fbe8ec..fbb4637 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTest.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,13 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
-#pragma clang diagnostic push
-#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
-
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "LayerHistoryTest"
 
+#include <Layer.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
@@ -39,32 +36,74 @@
 
 class LayerHistoryTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
-    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE = LayerInfo::PresentTimeHistory::HISTORY_SIZE;
+    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE = LayerInfo::HISTORY_SIZE;
     static constexpr auto MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS = LayerInfo::MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS;
+    static constexpr auto FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE = LayerInfo::FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE;
+    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION = LayerInfo::HISTORY_DURATION;
+    static constexpr auto REFRESH_RATE_AVERAGE_HISTORY_DURATION =
+            LayerInfo::RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_DURATION;
 
     static constexpr float LO_FPS = 30.f;
-    static constexpr nsecs_t LO_FPS_PERIOD = 33'333'333;
+    static constexpr auto LO_FPS_PERIOD = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / LO_FPS);
 
     static constexpr float HI_FPS = 90.f;
-    static constexpr nsecs_t HI_FPS_PERIOD = 11'111'111;
+    static constexpr auto HI_FPS_PERIOD = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / HI_FPS);
 
     LayerHistoryTest() { mFlinger.resetScheduler(mScheduler); }
 
     void SetUp() override { ASSERT_TRUE(mScheduler->hasLayerHistory()); }
 
-    impl::LayerHistory& history() { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistory(); }
-    const impl::LayerHistory& history() const { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistory(); }
+    LayerHistory& history() { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistory(); }
+    const LayerHistory& history() const { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistory(); }
 
     size_t layerCount() const { return mScheduler->layerHistorySize(); }
     size_t activeLayerCount() const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS { return history().mActiveLayersEnd; }
 
-    size_t frequentLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+    auto frequentLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
         const auto& infos = history().mLayerInfos;
-        return std::count_if(infos.begin(), infos.begin() + history().mActiveLayersEnd,
+        return std::count_if(infos.begin(),
+                             infos.begin() + static_cast<long>(history().mActiveLayersEnd),
                              [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isFrequent(now); });
     }
 
+    auto animatingLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+        const auto& infos = history().mLayerInfos;
+        return std::count_if(infos.begin(),
+                             infos.begin() + static_cast<long>(history().mActiveLayersEnd),
+                             [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isAnimating(now); });
+    }
+
+    void setDefaultLayerVote(Layer* layer,
+                             LayerHistory::LayerVoteType vote) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+        for (auto& [weak, info] : history().mLayerInfos) {
+            if (auto strong = weak.promote(); strong && strong.get() == layer) {
+                info->setDefaultLayerVote(vote);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     auto createLayer() { return sp<mock::MockLayer>(new mock::MockLayer(mFlinger.flinger())); }
+    auto createLayer(std::string name) {
+        return sp<mock::MockLayer>(new mock::MockLayer(mFlinger.flinger(), std::move(name)));
+    }
+
+    void recordFramesAndExpect(const sp<mock::MockLayer>& layer, nsecs_t& time, float frameRate,
+                               float desiredRefreshRate, int numFrames) {
+        const nsecs_t framePeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / frameRate);
+        LayerHistory::Summary summary;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numFrames; i++) {
+            history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+            time += framePeriod;
+
+            summary = history().summarize(time);
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+        ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(desiredRefreshRate, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate)
+                << "Frame rate is " << frameRate;
+    }
 
     Hwc2::mock::Display mDisplay;
     RefreshRateConfigs mConfigs{{HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(mDisplay, 0)
@@ -78,14 +117,10 @@
                                 HwcConfigIndexType(0)};
 
     mock::NoOpSchedulerCallback mSchedulerCallback;
-    static constexpr bool kUseContentDetectionV2 = false;
 
-    TestableScheduler* const mScheduler =
-            new TestableScheduler(mConfigs, mSchedulerCallback, kUseContentDetectionV2);
+    TestableScheduler* const mScheduler = new TestableScheduler(mConfigs, mSchedulerCallback);
 
     TestableSurfaceFlinger mFlinger;
-
-    const nsecs_t mTime = systemTime();
 };
 
 namespace {
@@ -93,83 +128,259 @@
 TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayer) {
     const auto layer = createLayer();
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameSelectionPriority()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
 
-    // no layers are returned if no layers are active.
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(mTime).empty());
+    const nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    // No layers returned if no layers are active.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
 
-    // no layers are returned if active layers have insufficient history.
+    // Max returned if active layers have insufficient history.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(mTime).empty());
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     }
 
-    // High FPS is returned once enough history has been recorded.
+    // Max is returned since we have enough history but there is no timestamp votes.
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, mTime, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(mTime).size());
-        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(mTime)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
         EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     }
 }
 
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneInvisibleLayer) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    auto summary = history().summarize(time);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    // Layer is still considered inactive so we expect to get Min
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
+
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+}
+
 TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, explicitTimestamp) {
     const auto layer = createLayer();
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameSelectionPriority()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
 
-    nsecs_t time = mTime;
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
         history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(mTime).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(mTime)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 }
 
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayerNoVote) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    setDefaultLayerVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer became inactive
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayerMinVote) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    setDefaultLayerVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer became inactive
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayerMaxVote) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    setDefaultLayerVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer became inactive
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayerExplicitVote) {
+    auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(
+                    Return(Layer::FrameRate(73.4f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::Default)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer became inactive, but the vote stays
+    setDefaultLayerVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, oneLayerExplicitExactVote) {
+    auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
+                    Layer::FrameRate(73.4f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
+              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer became inactive, but the vote stays
+    setDefaultLayerVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
+              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
 TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, multipleLayers) {
     auto layer1 = createLayer();
     auto layer2 = createLayer();
     auto layer3 = createLayer();
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer1, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer1, getFrameSelectionPriority()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer1, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer2, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer2, getFrameSelectionPriority()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer2, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer3, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer3, getFrameSelectionPriority()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
     EXPECT_CALL(*layer3, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-    nsecs_t time = mTime;
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
 
     EXPECT_EQ(3, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
+    LayerHistory::Summary summary;
+
     // layer1 is active but infrequent.
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
         history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
@@ -177,26 +388,30 @@
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
         history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
     // layer1 is still active but infrequent.
     history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
+    ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
     EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer1 is no longer active.
     // layer2 is frequent and has low refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2 * PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
         history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
@@ -210,26 +425,36 @@
 
         history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, summary[1].vote);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 becomes recently active.
     history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer1 expires.
     layer1.clear();
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
@@ -239,42 +464,290 @@
     for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
         history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer2 expires.
     layer2.clear();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 becomes active and has high refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE + FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE + 1; i++) {
         history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
         time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+        summary = history().summarize(time);
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
     EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
 
     // layer3 expires.
     layer3.clear();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
+    summary = history().summarize(time);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, layerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
 }
 
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, inactiveLayers) {
+    auto layer = createLayer();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    // the very first updates makes the layer frequent
+    for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    }
+
+    // the next update with the MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS will get us to infrequent
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+
+    // advance the time for the previous frame to be inactive
+    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    // Now event if we post a quick few frame we should stay infrequent
+    for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    }
+
+    // More quick frames will get us to frequent again
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, invisibleExplicitLayer) {
+    auto explicitVisiblelayer = createLayer();
+    auto explicitInvisiblelayer = createLayer();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitVisiblelayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitVisiblelayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
+                    Layer::FrameRate(60.0f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitInvisiblelayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitInvisiblelayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
+                    Layer::FrameRate(90.0f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    // Post a buffer to the layers to make them active
+    history().record(explicitVisiblelayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    history().record(explicitInvisiblelayer.get(), time, time,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
+              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(60.0f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, infrequentAnimatingLayer) {
+    auto layer = createLayer();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // layer is active but infrequent.
+    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
+        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // another update with the same cadence keep in infrequent
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
+
+    // an update as animation will immediately vote for Max
+    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX);
+    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, animatingLayerCount(time));
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, heuristicLayer60Hz) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    for (float fps = 54.0f; fps < 65.0f; fps += 0.1f) {
+        recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, fps, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, heuristicLayer60_30Hz) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(LayerHistoryTest, heuristicLayerNotOscillating) {
+    const auto layer = createLayer();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
+
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.00f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
+}
+
+class LayerHistoryTestParameterized : public LayerHistoryTest,
+                                      public testing::WithParamInterface<std::chrono::nanoseconds> {
+};
+
+TEST_P(LayerHistoryTestParameterized, HeuristicLayerWithInfrequentLayer) {
+    std::chrono::nanoseconds infrequentUpdateDelta = GetParam();
+    auto heuristicLayer = createLayer("HeuristicLayer");
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*heuristicLayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*heuristicLayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    auto infrequentLayer = createLayer("InfrequentLayer");
+    EXPECT_CALL(*infrequentLayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*infrequentLayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
+            .WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
+
+    const nsecs_t startTime = systemTime();
+
+    const std::chrono::nanoseconds heuristicUpdateDelta = 41'666'667ns;
+    history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+    history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
+                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+
+    nsecs_t time = startTime;
+    nsecs_t lastInfrequentUpdate = startTime;
+    const int totalInfrequentLayerUpdates = FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE * 5;
+    int infrequentLayerUpdates = 0;
+    while (infrequentLayerUpdates <= totalInfrequentLayerUpdates) {
+        time += heuristicUpdateDelta.count();
+        history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+
+        if (time - lastInfrequentUpdate >= infrequentUpdateDelta.count()) {
+            ALOGI("submitting infrequent frame [%d/%d]", infrequentLayerUpdates,
+                  totalInfrequentLayerUpdates);
+            lastInfrequentUpdate = time;
+            history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), time, time,
+                             LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
+            infrequentLayerUpdates++;
+        }
+
+        if (time - startTime > PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
+            ASSERT_NE(0, history().summarize(time).size());
+            ASSERT_GE(2, history().summarize(time).size());
+
+            bool max = false;
+            bool min = false;
+            float heuristic = 0;
+            for (const auto& layer : history().summarize(time)) {
+                if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
+                    heuristic = layer.desiredRefreshRate;
+                } else if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max) {
+                    max = true;
+                } else if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min) {
+                    min = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (infrequentLayerUpdates > FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
+                EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(24.0f, heuristic);
+                EXPECT_FALSE(max);
+                if (history().summarize(time).size() == 2) {
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(min);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(LeapYearTests, LayerHistoryTestParameterized,
+                        ::testing::Values(1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s));
+
 } // namespace
 } // namespace android::scheduler
-
-// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
-#pragma clang diagnostic pop // ignored "-Wconversion"
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b50321..0000000
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/LayerHistoryTestV2.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,756 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#undef LOG_TAG
-#define LOG_TAG "LayerHistoryTestV2"
-
-#include <Layer.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-
-#include "Scheduler/LayerHistory.h"
-#include "Scheduler/LayerInfoV2.h"
-#include "TestableScheduler.h"
-#include "TestableSurfaceFlinger.h"
-#include "mock/MockLayer.h"
-#include "mock/MockSchedulerCallback.h"
-
-using testing::_;
-using testing::Return;
-
-namespace android::scheduler {
-
-class LayerHistoryTestV2 : public testing::Test {
-protected:
-    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE = LayerInfoV2::HISTORY_SIZE;
-    static constexpr auto MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS = LayerInfoV2::MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS;
-    static constexpr auto FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE = LayerInfoV2::FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE;
-    static constexpr auto PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION = LayerInfoV2::HISTORY_DURATION;
-    static constexpr auto REFRESH_RATE_AVERAGE_HISTORY_DURATION =
-            LayerInfoV2::RefreshRateHistory::HISTORY_DURATION;
-
-    static constexpr float LO_FPS = 30.f;
-    static constexpr auto LO_FPS_PERIOD = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / LO_FPS);
-
-    static constexpr float HI_FPS = 90.f;
-    static constexpr auto HI_FPS_PERIOD = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / HI_FPS);
-
-    LayerHistoryTestV2() { mFlinger.resetScheduler(mScheduler); }
-
-    void SetUp() override { ASSERT_TRUE(mScheduler->hasLayerHistory()); }
-
-    impl::LayerHistoryV2& history() { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistoryV2(); }
-    const impl::LayerHistoryV2& history() const { return *mScheduler->mutableLayerHistoryV2(); }
-
-    size_t layerCount() const { return mScheduler->layerHistorySize(); }
-    size_t activeLayerCount() const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS { return history().mActiveLayersEnd; }
-
-    auto frequentLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
-        const auto& infos = history().mLayerInfos;
-        return std::count_if(infos.begin(),
-                             infos.begin() + static_cast<long>(history().mActiveLayersEnd),
-                             [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isFrequent(now); });
-    }
-
-    auto animatingLayerCount(nsecs_t now) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
-        const auto& infos = history().mLayerInfos;
-        return std::count_if(infos.begin(),
-                             infos.begin() + static_cast<long>(history().mActiveLayersEnd),
-                             [now](const auto& pair) { return pair.second->isAnimating(now); });
-    }
-
-    void setLayerInfoVote(Layer* layer,
-                          LayerHistory::LayerVoteType vote) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
-        for (auto& [weak, info] : history().mLayerInfos) {
-            if (auto strong = weak.promote(); strong && strong.get() == layer) {
-                info->setDefaultLayerVote(vote);
-                info->setLayerVote({vote, 0, false});
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    auto createLayer() { return sp<mock::MockLayer>(new mock::MockLayer(mFlinger.flinger())); }
-    auto createLayer(std::string name) {
-        return sp<mock::MockLayer>(new mock::MockLayer(mFlinger.flinger(), std::move(name)));
-    }
-
-    void recordFramesAndExpect(const sp<mock::MockLayer>& layer, nsecs_t& time, float frameRate,
-                               float desiredRefreshRate, int numFrames) {
-        const nsecs_t framePeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / frameRate);
-        impl::LayerHistoryV2::Summary summary;
-        for (int i = 0; i < numFrames; i++) {
-            history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-            time += framePeriod;
-
-            summary = history().summarize(time);
-        }
-
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
-        ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-        ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(desiredRefreshRate, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate)
-                << "Frame rate is " << frameRate;
-    }
-
-    Hwc2::mock::Display mDisplay;
-    RefreshRateConfigs mConfigs{{HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(mDisplay, 0)
-                                         .setVsyncPeriod(int32_t(LO_FPS_PERIOD))
-                                         .setConfigGroup(0)
-                                         .build(),
-                                 HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(mDisplay, 1)
-                                         .setVsyncPeriod(int32_t(HI_FPS_PERIOD))
-                                         .setConfigGroup(0)
-                                         .build()},
-                                HwcConfigIndexType(0)};
-
-    mock::NoOpSchedulerCallback mSchedulerCallback;
-    static constexpr bool kUseContentDetectionV2 = true;
-
-    TestableScheduler* const mScheduler =
-            new TestableScheduler(mConfigs, mSchedulerCallback, kUseContentDetectionV2);
-
-    TestableSurfaceFlinger mFlinger;
-};
-
-namespace {
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayer) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    const nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    // No layers returned if no layers are active.
-    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    // Max returned if active layers have insufficient history.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    }
-
-    // Max is returned since we have enough history but there is no timestamp votes.
-    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneInvisibleLayer) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    history().record(layer.get(), 0, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    auto summary = history().summarize(time);
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    // Layer is still considered inactive so we expect to get Min
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
-
-    summary = history().summarize(time);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, explicitTimestamp) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayerNoVote) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    setLayerInfoVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::NoVote);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer became inactive
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayerMinVote) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    setLayerInfoVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer became inactive
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayerMaxVote) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    setLayerInfoVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer became inactive
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(history().summarize(time).empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayerExplicitVote) {
-    auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(
-                    Return(Layer::FrameRate(73.4f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::Default)));
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer became inactive, but the vote stays
-    setLayerInfoVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, oneLayerExplicitExactVote) {
-    auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
-                    Layer::FrameRate(73.4f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
-              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer became inactive, but the vote stays
-    setLayerInfoVote(layer.get(), LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic);
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
-              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(73.4f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, multipleLayers) {
-    auto layer1 = createLayer();
-    auto layer2 = createLayer();
-    auto layer3 = createLayer();
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer1, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer1, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer2, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer2, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer3, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer3, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(3, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    impl::LayerHistoryV2::Summary summary;
-
-    // layer1 is active but infrequent.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer2 is frequent and has high refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    // layer1 is still active but infrequent.
-    history().record(layer1.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, summary[0].vote);
-    ASSERT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, history().summarize(time)[1].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer1 is no longer active.
-    // layer2 is frequent and has low refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < 2 * PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer2 still has low refresh rate.
-    // layer3 has high refresh rate but not enough history.
-    constexpr int RATIO = LO_FPS_PERIOD / HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        if (i % RATIO == 0) {
-            history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        }
-
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, summary[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer3 becomes recently active.
-    history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    summary = history().summarize(time);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer1 expires.
-    layer1.clear();
-    summary = history().summarize(time);
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[1].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[1].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer2 still has low refresh rate.
-    // layer3 becomes inactive.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer2.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += LO_FPS_PERIOD;
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(LO_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer2 expires.
-    layer2.clear();
-    summary = history().summarize(time);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer3 becomes active and has high refresh rate.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE + FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE + 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer3.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-        summary = history().summarize(time);
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, summary.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic, summary[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(HI_FPS, summary[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer3 expires.
-    layer3.clear();
-    summary = history().summarize(time);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(summary.empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, inactiveLayers) {
-    auto layer = createLayer();
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    // the very first updates makes the layer frequent
-    for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    }
-
-    // the next update with the MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS will get us to infrequent
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-
-    // advance the time for the previous frame to be inactive
-    time += MAX_ACTIVE_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-
-    // Now event if we post a quick few frame we should stay infrequent
-    for (int i = 0; i < FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE - 1; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-        EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-        EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-        EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    }
-
-    // More quick frames will get us to frequent again
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    time += HI_FPS_PERIOD;
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, invisibleExplicitLayer) {
-    auto explicitVisiblelayer = createLayer();
-    auto explicitInvisiblelayer = createLayer();
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitVisiblelayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitVisiblelayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
-                    Layer::FrameRate(60.0f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitInvisiblelayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*explicitInvisiblelayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(
-                    Layer::FrameRate(90.0f, Layer::FrameRateCompatibility::ExactOrMultiple)));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    // Post a buffer to the layers to make them active
-    history().record(explicitVisiblelayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    history().record(explicitInvisiblelayer.get(), time, time,
-                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, layerCount());
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
-              history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(60.0f, history().summarize(time)[0].desiredRefreshRate);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, frequentLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, infrequentAnimatingLayer) {
-    auto layer = createLayer();
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, layerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
-
-    // layer is active but infrequent.
-    for (int i = 0; i < PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE; i++) {
-        history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-        time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
-
-    // another update with the same cadence keep in infrequent
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, animatingLayerCount(time));
-
-    // an update as animation will immediately vote for Max
-    history().record(layer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX);
-    time += MAX_FREQUENT_LAYER_PERIOD_NS.count();
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(1, history().summarize(time).size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max, history().summarize(time)[0].vote);
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, activeLayerCount());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, frequentLayerCount(time));
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, animatingLayerCount(time));
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayer60Hz) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    for (float fps = 54.0f; fps < 65.0f; fps += 0.1f) {
-        recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, fps, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayer60_30Hz) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 30.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 60.0f, 60.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-}
-
-TEST_F(LayerHistoryTestV2, heuristicLayerNotOscillating) {
-    const auto layer = createLayer();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*layer, getFrameRateForLayerTree()).WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    nsecs_t time = systemTime();
-
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.00f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 26.90f, 24.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-    recordFramesAndExpect(layer, time, 27.10f, 30.0f, PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_SIZE);
-}
-
-class LayerHistoryTestV2Parameterized
-      : public LayerHistoryTestV2,
-        public testing::WithParamInterface<std::chrono::nanoseconds> {};
-
-TEST_P(LayerHistoryTestV2Parameterized, HeuristicLayerWithInfrequentLayer) {
-    std::chrono::nanoseconds infrequentUpdateDelta = GetParam();
-    auto heuristicLayer = createLayer("HeuristicLayer");
-
-    EXPECT_CALL(*heuristicLayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*heuristicLayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    auto infrequentLayer = createLayer("InfrequentLayer");
-    EXPECT_CALL(*infrequentLayer, isVisible()).WillRepeatedly(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*infrequentLayer, getFrameRateForLayerTree())
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(Layer::FrameRate()));
-
-    const nsecs_t startTime = systemTime();
-
-    const std::chrono::nanoseconds heuristicUpdateDelta = 41'666'667ns;
-    history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
-                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-    history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), startTime, startTime,
-                     LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-
-    nsecs_t time = startTime;
-    nsecs_t lastInfrequentUpdate = startTime;
-    const int totalInfrequentLayerUpdates = FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE * 5;
-    int infrequentLayerUpdates = 0;
-    while (infrequentLayerUpdates <= totalInfrequentLayerUpdates) {
-        time += heuristicUpdateDelta.count();
-        history().record(heuristicLayer.get(), time, time, LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-
-        if (time - lastInfrequentUpdate >= infrequentUpdateDelta.count()) {
-            ALOGI("submitting infrequent frame [%d/%d]", infrequentLayerUpdates,
-                  totalInfrequentLayerUpdates);
-            lastInfrequentUpdate = time;
-            history().record(infrequentLayer.get(), time, time,
-                             LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::Buffer);
-            infrequentLayerUpdates++;
-        }
-
-        if (time - startTime > PRESENT_TIME_HISTORY_DURATION.count()) {
-            ASSERT_NE(0, history().summarize(time).size());
-            ASSERT_GE(2, history().summarize(time).size());
-
-            bool max = false;
-            bool min = false;
-            float heuristic = 0;
-            for (const auto& layer : history().summarize(time)) {
-                if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
-                    heuristic = layer.desiredRefreshRate;
-                } else if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Max) {
-                    max = true;
-                } else if (layer.vote == LayerHistory::LayerVoteType::Min) {
-                    min = true;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (infrequentLayerUpdates > FREQUENT_LAYER_WINDOW_SIZE) {
-                EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(24.0f, heuristic);
-                EXPECT_FALSE(max);
-                if (history().summarize(time).size() == 2) {
-                    EXPECT_TRUE(min);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(LeapYearTests, LayerHistoryTestV2Parameterized,
-                        ::testing::Values(1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s));
-
-} // namespace
-} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
index 2fbc72a..f2b7191 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/RefreshRateConfigsTest.cpp
@@ -304,63 +304,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, twoDeviceConfigs_getRefreshRateForContent) {
-    auto refreshRateConfigs =
-            std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_90Device,
-                                                 /*currentConfigId=*/HWC_CONFIG_ID_60);
-
-    const auto makeLayerRequirements = [](float refreshRate) -> std::vector<LayerRequirement> {
-        return {{"testLayer", LayerVoteType::Heuristic, refreshRate, /*shouldBeSeamless*/ true,
-                 /*weight*/ 1.0f, /*focused*/ false}};
-    };
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(90.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(60.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(45.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(30.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(24.0f)));
-
-    ASSERT_GE(refreshRateConfigs->setDisplayManagerPolicy({HWC_CONFIG_ID_60, {60, 60}}), 0);
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(90.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(60.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(45.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(30.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(24.0f)));
-
-    ASSERT_GE(refreshRateConfigs->setDisplayManagerPolicy({HWC_CONFIG_ID_90, {90, 90}}), 0);
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(90.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(60.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(45.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(30.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(24.0f)));
-    ASSERT_GE(refreshRateConfigs->setDisplayManagerPolicy({HWC_CONFIG_ID_60, {0, 120}}), 0);
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(90.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(60.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(45.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(30.0f)));
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config,
-              refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(makeLayerRequirements(24.0f)));
-}
-
 TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, getBestRefreshRate_noLayers) {
     auto refreshRateConfigs =
             std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_72_90Device, /*currentConfigId=*/
@@ -847,29 +790,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, twoDeviceConfigs_getRefreshRateForContent_Explicit) {
-    auto refreshRateConfigs =
-            std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_90Device,
-                                                 /*currentConfigId=*/HWC_CONFIG_ID_60);
-
-    auto layers = std::vector<LayerRequirement>{LayerRequirement{.weight = 1.0f},
-                                                LayerRequirement{.weight = 1.0f}};
-    auto& lr1 = layers[0];
-    auto& lr2 = layers[1];
-
-    lr1.vote = LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
-    lr1.desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f;
-    lr2.vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
-    lr2.desiredRefreshRate = 90.0f;
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected90Config, refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(layers));
-
-    lr1.vote = LayerVoteType::Heuristic;
-    lr1.desiredRefreshRate = 90.0f;
-    lr2.vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
-    lr2.desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f;
-    EXPECT_EQ(mExpected60Config, refreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateForContent(layers));
-}
-
 TEST_F(RefreshRateConfigsTest, twoDeviceConfigs_getBestRefreshRate_Explicit) {
     auto refreshRateConfigs =
             std::make_unique<RefreshRateConfigs>(m60_90Device,
@@ -1263,7 +1183,7 @@
     auto& layer = layers[0];
     layer.vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault;
     layer.desiredRefreshRate = 90.0f;
-    layer.shouldBeSeamless = false;
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless;
     layer.name = "90Hz ExplicitDefault";
     layer.focused = true;
 
@@ -1280,32 +1200,49 @@
                       .getConfigId());
 
     // Verify that we won't change the group if seamless switch is required.
-    layer.shouldBeSeamless = true;
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::OnlySeamless;
     ASSERT_EQ(HWC_CONFIG_ID_60,
               refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, {.touch = false, .idle = false})
                       .getConfigId());
 
-    // At this point the default config in the DisplayManager policy with be 60Hz.
-    // Verify that if the current config is in another group and there are no layers with
-    // shouldBeSeamless=false we'll go back to the default group.
+    // Verify that we won't do a seamless switch if we request the same mode as the default
     refreshRateConfigs->setCurrentConfigId(HWC_CONFIG_ID_90);
     layer.desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f;
     layer.name = "60Hz ExplicitDefault";
-    layer.shouldBeSeamless = true;
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::OnlySeamless;
+    ASSERT_EQ(HWC_CONFIG_ID_90,
+              refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, {.touch = false, .idle = false})
+                      .getConfigId());
+
+    // Verify that if the current config is in another group and there are no layers with
+    // seamlessness=SeamedAndSeamless we'll go back to the default group.
+    layer.desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f;
+    layer.name = "60Hz ExplicitDefault";
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::Default;
     ASSERT_EQ(HWC_CONFIG_ID_60,
               refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, {.touch = false, .idle = false})
                       .getConfigId());
 
-    // If there's a layer with shouldBeSeamless=false, another layer with shouldBeSeamless=true
-    // can't change the config group.
+    // If there's a layer with seamlessness=SeamedAndSeamless, another layer with
+    // seamlessness=OnlySeamless can't change the config group.
     refreshRateConfigs->setCurrentConfigId(HWC_CONFIG_ID_90);
-    auto layer2 = LayerRequirement{.weight = 0.5f};
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::OnlySeamless;
+
+    layers.push_back(LayerRequirement{.weight = 0.5f});
+    auto& layer2 = layers[layers.size() - 1];
     layer2.vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault;
     layer2.desiredRefreshRate = 90.0f;
     layer2.name = "90Hz ExplicitDefault";
-    layer2.shouldBeSeamless = false;
+    layer2.seamlessness = Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless;
     layer2.focused = false;
-    layers.push_back(layer2);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(HWC_CONFIG_ID_90,
+              refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, {.touch = false, .idle = false})
+                      .getConfigId());
+
+    // If there's a layer with seamlessness=SeamedAndSeamless, another layer with
+    // seamlessness=Default can't change the config group.
+    layers[0].seamlessness = Seamlessness::Default;
     ASSERT_EQ(HWC_CONFIG_ID_90,
               refreshRateConfigs->getBestRefreshRate(layers, {.touch = false, .idle = false})
                       .getConfigId());
@@ -1326,7 +1263,7 @@
     auto& layer = layers[0];
     layer.vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple;
     layer.desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f;
-    layer.shouldBeSeamless = false;
+    layer.seamlessness = Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless;
     layer.name = "60Hz ExplicitExactOrMultiple";
     layer.focused = true;
 
@@ -1355,13 +1292,13 @@
             LayerRequirement>{LayerRequirement{.name = "60Hz ExplicitDefault",
                                                .vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault,
                                                .desiredRefreshRate = 60.0f,
-                                               .shouldBeSeamless = false,
+                                               .seamlessness = Seamlessness::SeamedAndSeamless,
                                                .weight = 0.5f,
                                                .focused = false},
                               LayerRequirement{.name = "25Hz ExplicitExactOrMultiple",
                                                .vote = LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple,
                                                .desiredRefreshRate = 25.0f,
-                                               .shouldBeSeamless = true,
+                                               .seamlessness = Seamlessness::OnlySeamless,
                                                .weight = 1.0f,
                                                .focused = true}};
     auto& seamedLayer = layers[0];
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
index 647689b..fb02a33 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/SchedulerTest.cpp
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@
         }
     } mExpectDisableVsync{mSchedulerCallback};
 
-    static constexpr bool kUseContentDetectionV2 = false;
-    TestableScheduler mScheduler{mConfigs, mSchedulerCallback, kUseContentDetectionV2};
+    TestableScheduler mScheduler{mConfigs, mSchedulerCallback};
 
     Scheduler::ConnectionHandle mConnectionHandle;
     mock::EventThread* mEventThread;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
index 1b6e9ed..2192977 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableScheduler.h
@@ -32,21 +32,16 @@
 
 class TestableScheduler : public Scheduler {
 public:
-    TestableScheduler(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback,
-                      bool useContentDetectionV2)
+    TestableScheduler(const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback)
           : TestableScheduler(std::make_unique<mock::VsyncController>(),
-                              std::make_unique<mock::VSyncTracker>(), configs, callback,
-                              useContentDetectionV2) {}
+                              std::make_unique<mock::VSyncTracker>(), configs, callback) {}
 
     TestableScheduler(std::unique_ptr<scheduler::VsyncController> vsyncController,
                       std::unique_ptr<scheduler::VSyncTracker> vsyncTracker,
-                      const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback,
-                      bool useContentDetectionV2)
+                      const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs& configs, ISchedulerCallback& callback)
           : Scheduler({std::move(vsyncController), std::move(vsyncTracker), nullptr}, configs,
-                      callback, createLayerHistory(configs, useContentDetectionV2),
-                      {.supportKernelTimer = false,
-                       .useContentDetection = true,
-                       .useContentDetectionV2 = useContentDetectionV2}) {}
+                      callback, createLayerHistory(configs),
+                      {.supportKernelTimer = false, .useContentDetection = true}) {}
 
     // Used to inject mock event thread.
     ConnectionHandle createConnection(std::unique_ptr<EventThread> eventThread) {
@@ -62,20 +57,11 @@
 
     bool hasLayerHistory() const { return static_cast<bool>(mLayerHistory); }
 
-    auto* mutableLayerHistory() {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mOptions.useContentDetectionV2);
-        return static_cast<scheduler::impl::LayerHistory*>(mLayerHistory.get());
-    }
-
-    auto* mutableLayerHistoryV2() {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mOptions.useContentDetectionV2);
-        return static_cast<scheduler::impl::LayerHistoryV2*>(mLayerHistory.get());
-    }
+    auto* mutableLayerHistory() { return mLayerHistory.get(); }
 
     size_t layerHistorySize() NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
         if (!mLayerHistory) return 0;
-        return mOptions.useContentDetectionV2 ? mutableLayerHistoryV2()->mLayerInfos.size()
-                                              : mutableLayerHistory()->mLayerInfos.size();
+        return mutableLayerHistory()->mLayerInfos.size();
     }
 
     void replaceTouchTimer(int64_t millis) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
index eba3f8e..8a0276a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -227,10 +227,8 @@
                 mFactory.createVsyncConfiguration(*mFlinger->mRefreshRateConfigs);
         mFlinger->mVsyncModulator.emplace(mFlinger->mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs());
 
-        constexpr bool kUseContentDetectionV2 = false;
         mScheduler = new TestableScheduler(std::move(vsyncController), std::move(vsyncTracker),
-                                           *mFlinger->mRefreshRateConfigs, *(callback ?: this),
-                                           kUseContentDetectionV2);
+                                           *mFlinger->mRefreshRateConfigs, *(callback ?: this));
 
         mFlinger->mAppConnectionHandle = mScheduler->createConnection(std::move(appEventThread));
         mFlinger->mSfConnectionHandle = mScheduler->createConnection(std::move(sfEventThread));