diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.cpp
index 163d345..ab4c15d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.cpp
@@ -149,13 +149,33 @@
     return debug + "}";
 }
 
-std::string LayerHierarchy::getDebugString(const char* prefix) const {
-    std::string debug = prefix + getDebugStringShort();
-    for (auto& [child, childVariant] : mChildren) {
-        std::string childPrefix = "  " + std::string(prefix) + " " + std::to_string(childVariant);
-        debug += "\n" + child->getDebugString(childPrefix.c_str());
+void LayerHierarchy::dump(std::ostream& out, const std::string& prefix,
+                          LayerHierarchy::Variant variant, bool isLastChild) const {
+    if (!mLayer) {
+        out << " ROOT";
+    } else {
+        out << prefix + (isLastChild ? "└─ " : "├─ ");
+        if (variant == LayerHierarchy::Variant::Relative) {
+            out << "(Relative) ";
+        } else if (variant == LayerHierarchy::Variant::Mirror) {
+            out << "(Mirroring) " << *mLayer << "\n" + prefix + "   └─ ...";
+            return;
+        }
+        out << *mLayer;
     }
-    return debug;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mChildren.size(); i++) {
+        auto& [child, childVariant] = mChildren[i];
+        if (childVariant == LayerHierarchy::Variant::Detached) continue;
+        const bool lastChild = i == (mChildren.size() - 1);
+        std::string childPrefix = prefix;
+        if (mLayer) {
+            childPrefix += (isLastChild ? "   " : "│  ");
+        }
+        out << "\n";
+        child->dump(out, childPrefix, childVariant, lastChild);
+    }
+    return;
 }
 
 bool LayerHierarchy::hasRelZLoop(uint32_t& outInvalidRelativeRoot) const {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.h b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.h
index 5389ada..1e48387 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerHierarchy.h
@@ -156,7 +156,12 @@
     const RequestedLayerState* getLayer() const;
     const LayerHierarchy* getRelativeParent() const;
     const LayerHierarchy* getParent() const;
-    std::string getDebugString(const char* prefix = "") const;
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const LayerHierarchy& obj) {
+        std::string prefix = " ";
+        obj.dump(os, prefix, LayerHierarchy::Variant::Attached, /*isLastChild=*/false);
+        return os;
+    }
+
     std::string getDebugStringShort() const;
     // Traverse the hierarchy and return true if loops are found. The outInvalidRelativeRoot
     // will contain the first relative root that was visited twice in a traversal.
@@ -172,6 +177,8 @@
     void updateChild(LayerHierarchy*, LayerHierarchy::Variant);
     void traverseInZOrder(const Visitor& visitor, LayerHierarchy::TraversalPath& parent) const;
     void traverse(const Visitor& visitor, LayerHierarchy::TraversalPath& parent) const;
+    void dump(std::ostream& out, const std::string& prefix, LayerHierarchy::Variant variant,
+              bool isLastChild) const;
 
     const RequestedLayerState* mLayer;
     LayerHierarchy* mParent = nullptr;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
index f0826c6..6f68a92 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,63 @@
     }
 }
 
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const ui::Transform& transform) {
+    const uint32_t type = transform.getType();
+    const uint32_t orientation = transform.getOrientation();
+    if (type == ui::Transform::IDENTITY) {
+        return os;
+    }
+
+    if (type & ui::Transform::UNKNOWN) {
+        std::string out;
+        transform.dump(out, "", "");
+        os << out;
+        return os;
+    }
+
+    if (type & ui::Transform::ROTATE) {
+        switch (orientation) {
+            case ui::Transform::ROT_0:
+                os << "ROT_0";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::FLIP_H:
+                os << "FLIP_H";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::FLIP_V:
+                os << "FLIP_V";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::ROT_90:
+                os << "ROT_90";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::ROT_180:
+                os << "ROT_180";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::ROT_270:
+                os << "ROT_270";
+                break;
+            case ui::Transform::ROT_INVALID:
+            default:
+                os << "ROT_INVALID";
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (type & ui::Transform::SCALE) {
+        std::string out;
+        android::base::StringAppendF(&out, " scale x=%.4f y=%.4f ", transform.getScaleX(),
+                                     transform.getScaleY());
+        os << out;
+    }
+
+    if (type & ui::Transform::TRANSLATE) {
+        std::string out;
+        android::base::StringAppendF(&out, " tx=%.4f ty=%.4f ", transform.tx(), transform.ty());
+        os << out;
+    }
+
+    return os;
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 LayerSnapshot::LayerSnapshot(const RequestedLayerState& state,
@@ -59,6 +116,7 @@
     }
     sequence = static_cast<int32_t>(state.id);
     name = state.name;
+    debugName = state.debugName;
     textureName = state.textureName;
     premultipliedAlpha = state.premultipliedAlpha;
     inputInfo.name = state.name;
@@ -180,13 +238,13 @@
     if (handleSkipScreenshotFlag & outputFilter.toInternalDisplay) return "eLayerSkipScreenshot";
     if (invalidTransform) return "invalidTransform";
     if (color.a == 0.0f && !hasBlur()) return "alpha = 0 and no blur";
-    if (!hasSomethingToDraw()) return "!hasSomethingToDraw";
+    if (!hasSomethingToDraw()) return "nothing to draw";
 
     // visible
     std::stringstream reason;
     if (sidebandStream != nullptr) reason << " sidebandStream";
     if (externalTexture != nullptr)
-        reason << " buffer:" << externalTexture->getId() << " frame:" << frameNumber;
+        reason << " buffer=" << externalTexture->getId() << " frame=" << frameNumber;
     if (fillsColor() || color.a > 0.0f) reason << " color{" << color << "}";
     if (drawShadows()) reason << " shadowSettings.length=" << shadowSettings.length;
     if (backgroundBlurRadius > 0) reason << " backgroundBlurRadius=" << backgroundBlurRadius;
@@ -232,6 +290,36 @@
     return debug.str();
 }
 
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const LayerSnapshot& obj) {
+    out << "Layer [" << obj.path.id;
+    if (obj.path.mirrorRootId != UNASSIGNED_LAYER_ID) {
+        out << " mirrored from " << obj.path.mirrorRootId;
+    }
+    out << "] " << obj.name << "\n    " << (obj.isVisible ? "visible" : "invisible")
+        << " reason=" << obj.getIsVisibleReason();
+
+    if (!obj.geomLayerBounds.isEmpty()) {
+        out << "\n    bounds={" << obj.transformedBounds.left << "," << obj.transformedBounds.top
+            << "," << obj.transformedBounds.bottom << "," << obj.transformedBounds.right << "}";
+    }
+
+    if (obj.geomLayerTransform.getType() != ui::Transform::IDENTITY) {
+        out << " toDisplayTransform={" << obj.geomLayerTransform << "}";
+    }
+
+    if (obj.hasInputInfo()) {
+        out << "\n    input{"
+            << "(" << obj.inputInfo.inputConfig.string() << ")";
+        if (obj.touchCropId != UNASSIGNED_LAYER_ID) out << " touchCropId=" << obj.touchCropId;
+        if (obj.inputInfo.replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop) out << " replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop";
+        auto touchableRegion = obj.inputInfo.touchableRegion.getBounds();
+        out << " touchableRegion={" << touchableRegion.left << "," << touchableRegion.top << ","
+            << touchableRegion.bottom << "," << touchableRegion.right << "}"
+            << "}";
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
 FloatRect LayerSnapshot::sourceBounds() const {
     if (!externalTexture) {
         return geomLayerBounds;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.h b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.h
index 2f45d52..9f0822c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/LayerSnapshot.h
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
     // generated from the same layer, for example when mirroring.
     int32_t sequence;
     std::string name;
+    std::string debugName;
     uint32_t textureName;
     bool contentOpaque;
     bool layerOpaqueFlagSet;
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@
     bool hasInputInfo() const;
     FloatRect sourceBounds() const;
     Hwc2::IComposerClient::BlendMode getBlendMode(const RequestedLayerState& requested) const;
-
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const LayerSnapshot& obj);
     void merge(const RequestedLayerState& requested, bool forceUpdate, bool displayChanges,
                bool forceFullDamage, uint32_t displayRotationFlags);
 };
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
index 065b895..a4777d1 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.cpp
@@ -127,6 +127,16 @@
     gameMode = gui::GameMode::Unsupported;
     requestedFrameRate = {};
     cachingHint = gui::CachingHint::Enabled;
+
+    if (name.length() > 77) {
+        std::string shortened;
+        shortened.append(name, 0, 36);
+        shortened.append("[...]");
+        shortened.append(name, name.length() - 36);
+        debugName = std::move(shortened);
+    } else {
+        debugName = name;
+    }
 }
 
 void RequestedLayerState::merge(const ResolvedComposerState& resolvedComposerState) {
@@ -371,6 +381,13 @@
     return debug.str();
 }
 
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const RequestedLayerState& obj) {
+    out << obj.debugName;
+    if (obj.relativeParentId != UNASSIGNED_LAYER_ID) out << " parent=" << obj.parentId;
+    if (!obj.handleAlive) out << " handleNotAlive";
+    return out;
+}
+
 std::string RequestedLayerState::getDebugStringShort() const {
     return "[" + std::to_string(id) + "]" + name;
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.h b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.h
index 8ca1cd6..1c19d6d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrontEnd/RequestedLayerState.h
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
     Rect getBufferCrop() const;
     std::string getDebugString() const;
     std::string getDebugStringShort() const;
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const RequestedLayerState& obj);
     aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::Composition getCompositionType() const;
     bool hasValidRelativeParent() const;
     bool hasInputInfo() const;
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@
     uint32_t bgColorLayerId = UNASSIGNED_LAYER_ID;
     uint64_t barrierFrameNumber = 0;
     uint32_t barrierProducerId = 0;
+    std::string debugName;
 
     // book keeping states
     bool handleAlive = true;