diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index 61e22a4..8400cdc 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -933,6 +933,31 @@
     unlink(path.c_str());
 }
 
+static void DumpVisibleWindowViews() {
+    if (!ds.IsZipping()) {
+        MYLOGD("Not dumping visible views because it's not a zipped bugreport\n");
+        return;
+    }
+    DurationReporter duration_reporter("VISIBLE WINDOW VIEWS");
+    const std::string path = ds.bugreport_internal_dir_ + "/tmp_visible_window_views";
+    auto fd = android::base::unique_fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(),
+                O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW,
+                S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)));
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        MYLOGE("Could not open %s to dump visible views.\n", path.c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    RunCommandToFd(fd, "", {"cmd", "window", "dump-visible-window-views"},
+                   CommandOptions::WithTimeout(120).Build());
+    bool empty = 0 == lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+    if (!empty) {
+        ds.AddZipEntry("visible_windows.zip", path);
+    } else {
+        MYLOGW("Failed to dump visible windows\n");
+    }
+    unlink(path.c_str());
+}
+
 static void DumpIpTablesAsRoot() {
     RunCommand("IPTABLES", {"iptables", "-L", "-nvx"});
     RunCommand("IP6TABLES", {"ip6tables", "-L", "-nvx"});
@@ -1317,6 +1342,8 @@
 
     RUN_SLOW_FUNCTION_WITH_CONSENT_CHECK(RunCommand, "PROCRANK", {"procrank"}, AS_ROOT_20);
 
+    RUN_SLOW_FUNCTION_WITH_CONSENT_CHECK(DumpVisibleWindowViews);
+
     DumpFile("VIRTUAL MEMORY STATS", "/proc/vmstat");
     DumpFile("VMALLOC INFO", "/proc/vmallocinfo");
     DumpFile("SLAB INFO", "/proc/slabinfo");
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
index 4026f29..e6e232c 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.cpp
@@ -92,10 +92,6 @@
 static constexpr const char* CACHE_DIR_POSTFIX = "/cache";
 static constexpr const char* CODE_CACHE_DIR_POSTFIX = "/code_cache";
 
-static constexpr const char *kIdMapPath = "/system/bin/idmap";
-static constexpr const char* IDMAP_PREFIX = "/data/resource-cache/";
-static constexpr const char* IDMAP_SUFFIX = "@idmap";
-
 // fsverity assumes the page size is always 4096. If not, the feature can not be
 // enabled.
 static constexpr int kVerityPageSize = 4096;
@@ -2253,206 +2249,6 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-static void run_idmap(const char *target_apk, const char *overlay_apk, int idmap_fd)
-{
-    execl(kIdMapPath, kIdMapPath, "--fd", target_apk, overlay_apk,
-            StringPrintf("%d", idmap_fd).c_str(), (char*)nullptr);
-    PLOG(ERROR) << "execl (" << kIdMapPath << ") failed";
-}
-
-static void run_verify_idmap(const char *target_apk, const char *overlay_apk, int idmap_fd)
-{
-    execl(kIdMapPath, kIdMapPath, "--verify", target_apk, overlay_apk,
-            StringPrintf("%d", idmap_fd).c_str(), (char*)nullptr);
-    PLOG(ERROR) << "execl (" << kIdMapPath << ") failed";
-}
-
-static bool delete_stale_idmap(const char* target_apk, const char* overlay_apk,
-        const char* idmap_path, int32_t uid) {
-    int idmap_fd = open(idmap_path, O_RDWR);
-    if (idmap_fd < 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "idmap open failed: " << idmap_path;
-        unlink(idmap_path);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    pid_t pid;
-    pid = fork();
-    if (pid == 0) {
-        /* child -- drop privileges before continuing */
-        if (setgid(uid) != 0) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "setgid(" << uid << ") failed during idmap";
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (setuid(uid) != 0) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "setuid(" << uid << ") failed during idmap";
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (flock(idmap_fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "flock(" << idmap_path << ") failed during idmap";
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        run_verify_idmap(target_apk, overlay_apk, idmap_fd);
-        exit(1); /* only if exec call to deleting stale idmap failed */
-    } else {
-        int status = wait_child(pid);
-        close(idmap_fd);
-
-        if (status != 0) {
-            // Failed on verifying if idmap is made from target_apk and overlay_apk.
-            LOG(DEBUG) << "delete stale idmap: " << idmap_path;
-            unlink(idmap_path);
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-// Transform string /a/b/c.apk to (prefix)/a@b@c.apk@(suffix)
-// eg /a/b/c.apk to /data/resource-cache/a@b@c.apk@idmap
-static int flatten_path(const char *prefix, const char *suffix,
-        const char *overlay_path, char *idmap_path, size_t N)
-{
-    if (overlay_path == nullptr || idmap_path == nullptr) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    const size_t len_overlay_path = strlen(overlay_path);
-    // will access overlay_path + 1 further below; requires absolute path
-    if (len_overlay_path < 2 || *overlay_path != '/') {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    const size_t len_idmap_root = strlen(prefix);
-    const size_t len_suffix = strlen(suffix);
-    if (SIZE_MAX - len_idmap_root < len_overlay_path ||
-            SIZE_MAX - (len_idmap_root + len_overlay_path) < len_suffix) {
-        // additions below would cause overflow
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (N < len_idmap_root + len_overlay_path + len_suffix) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    memset(idmap_path, 0, N);
-    snprintf(idmap_path, N, "%s%s%s", prefix, overlay_path + 1, suffix);
-    char *ch = idmap_path + len_idmap_root;
-    while (*ch != '\0') {
-        if (*ch == '/') {
-            *ch = '@';
-        }
-        ++ch;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::idmap(const std::string& targetApkPath,
-        const std::string& overlayApkPath, int32_t uid) {
-    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
-    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(targetApkPath);
-    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(overlayApkPath);
-    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mLock);
-
-    const char* target_apk = targetApkPath.c_str();
-    const char* overlay_apk = overlayApkPath.c_str();
-    ALOGV("idmap target_apk=%s overlay_apk=%s uid=%d\n", target_apk, overlay_apk, uid);
-
-    int idmap_fd = -1;
-    char idmap_path[PATH_MAX];
-    struct stat idmap_stat;
-    bool outdated = false;
-
-    if (flatten_path(IDMAP_PREFIX, IDMAP_SUFFIX, overlay_apk,
-                idmap_path, sizeof(idmap_path)) == -1) {
-        ALOGE("idmap cannot generate idmap path for overlay %s\n", overlay_apk);
-        goto fail;
-    }
-
-    if (stat(idmap_path, &idmap_stat) < 0) {
-        outdated = true;
-    } else {
-        outdated = delete_stale_idmap(target_apk, overlay_apk, idmap_path, uid);
-    }
-
-    if (outdated) {
-        idmap_fd = open(idmap_path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0644);
-    } else {
-        idmap_fd = open(idmap_path, O_RDWR);
-    }
-
-    if (idmap_fd < 0) {
-        ALOGE("idmap cannot open '%s' for output: %s\n", idmap_path, strerror(errno));
-        goto fail;
-    }
-    if (fchown(idmap_fd, AID_SYSTEM, uid) < 0) {
-        ALOGE("idmap cannot chown '%s'\n", idmap_path);
-        goto fail;
-    }
-    if (fchmod(idmap_fd, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH) < 0) {
-        ALOGE("idmap cannot chmod '%s'\n", idmap_path);
-        goto fail;
-    }
-
-    if (!outdated) {
-        close(idmap_fd);
-        return ok();
-    }
-
-    pid_t pid;
-    pid = fork();
-    if (pid == 0) {
-        /* child -- drop privileges before continuing */
-        if (setgid(uid) != 0) {
-            ALOGE("setgid(%d) failed during idmap\n", uid);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (setuid(uid) != 0) {
-            ALOGE("setuid(%d) failed during idmap\n", uid);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (flock(idmap_fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
-            ALOGE("flock(%s) failed during idmap: %s\n", idmap_path, strerror(errno));
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        run_idmap(target_apk, overlay_apk, idmap_fd);
-        exit(1); /* only if exec call to idmap failed */
-    } else {
-        int status = wait_child(pid);
-        if (status != 0) {
-            ALOGE("idmap failed, status=0x%04x\n", status);
-            goto fail;
-        }
-    }
-
-    close(idmap_fd);
-    return ok();
-fail:
-    if (idmap_fd >= 0) {
-        close(idmap_fd);
-        unlink(idmap_path);
-    }
-    return error();
-}
-
-binder::Status InstalldNativeService::removeIdmap(const std::string& overlayApkPath) {
-    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
-    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(overlayApkPath);
-    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(mLock);
-
-    const char* overlay_apk = overlayApkPath.c_str();
-    char idmap_path[PATH_MAX];
-
-    if (flatten_path(IDMAP_PREFIX, IDMAP_SUFFIX, overlay_apk,
-                idmap_path, sizeof(idmap_path)) == -1) {
-        ALOGE("idmap cannot generate idmap path for overlay %s\n", overlay_apk);
-        return error();
-    }
-    if (unlink(idmap_path) < 0) {
-        ALOGE("couldn't unlink idmap file %s\n", idmap_path);
-        return error();
-    }
-    return ok();
-}
-
 binder::Status InstalldNativeService::restoreconAppData(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
         const std::string& packageName, int32_t userId, int32_t flags, int32_t appId,
         const std::string& seInfo) {
diff --git a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
index 2b7bf33..ef91bf8 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
+++ b/cmds/installd/InstalldNativeService.h
@@ -119,9 +119,6 @@
     binder::Status destroyProfileSnapshot(const std::string& packageName,
             const std::string& profileName);
 
-    binder::Status idmap(const std::string& targetApkPath, const std::string& overlayApkPath,
-            int32_t uid);
-    binder::Status removeIdmap(const std::string& overlayApkPath);
     binder::Status rmPackageDir(const std::string& packageDir);
     binder::Status markBootComplete(const std::string& instructionSet);
     binder::Status freeCache(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int64_t targetFreeBytes,
diff --git a/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl b/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
index d99bcc8..6cc4bde 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
+++ b/cmds/installd/binder/android/os/IInstalld.aidl
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@
             @utf8InCpp String profileName, @utf8InCpp String classpath);
     void destroyProfileSnapshot(@utf8InCpp String packageName, @utf8InCpp String profileName);
 
-    void idmap(@utf8InCpp String targetApkPath, @utf8InCpp String overlayApkPath, int uid);
-    void removeIdmap(@utf8InCpp String overlayApkPath);
     void rmPackageDir(@utf8InCpp String packageDir);
     void markBootComplete(@utf8InCpp String instructionSet);
     void freeCache(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, long targetFreeBytes,
diff --git a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
index 616c3b2..f95e445 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/dexopt.cpp
@@ -339,6 +339,10 @@
                 ? "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads"
                 : "dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-threads";
         std::string dex2oat_threads_arg = MapPropertyToArg(threads_property, "-j%s");
+        const char* cpu_set_property = post_bootcomplete
+                ? "dalvik.vm.dex2oat-cpu-set"
+                : "dalvik.vm.boot-dex2oat-cpu-set";
+        std::string dex2oat_cpu_set_arg = MapPropertyToArg(cpu_set_property, "--cpu-set=%s");
 
         std::string bootclasspath;
         char* dex2oat_bootclasspath = getenv("DEX2OATBOOTCLASSPATH");
@@ -518,6 +522,7 @@
         AddArg(image_block_size_arg);
         AddArg(dex2oat_compiler_filter_arg);
         AddArg(dex2oat_threads_arg);
+        AddArg(dex2oat_cpu_set_arg);
         AddArg(dex2oat_swap_fd);
         AddArg(dex2oat_image_fd);
 
diff --git a/cmds/installd/migrate_legacy_obb_data.sh b/cmds/installd/migrate_legacy_obb_data.sh
index 0e6d7b9..7399681 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/migrate_legacy_obb_data.sh
+++ b/cmds/installd/migrate_legacy_obb_data.sh
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-rm -rf /data/media/Android/obb/test_probe
-mkdir -p /data/media/Android/obb/
-touch /data/media/Android/obb/test_probe
+rm -rf /data/media/0/Android/obb/test_probe
+mkdir -p /data/media/0/Android/obb/
+touch /data/media/0/Android/obb/test_probe
 if ! test -f /data/media/0/Android/obb/test_probe ; then
   log -p i -t migrate_legacy_obb_data "No support for 'unshared_obb'. Not migrating"
-  rm -rf /data/media/Android/obb/test_probe
+  rm -rf /data/media/0/Android/obb/test_probe
   exit 0
 fi
 
 # Delete the test file, and remove the obb folder if it is empty
-rm -rf /data/media/Android/obb/test_probe
+rm -rf /data/media/0/Android/obb/test_probe
 rmdir /data/media/obb
 
 if ! test -d /data/media/obb ; then
diff --git a/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp b/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
index db36ce3..eefbe4f 100644
--- a/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
+++ b/cmds/installd/otapreopt.cpp
@@ -480,6 +480,10 @@
                 "-j",
                 false,
                 cmd);
+        AddCompilerOptionFromSystemProperty("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-cpu-set",
+                "--cpu-set=",
+                false,
+                cmd);
         AddCompilerOptionFromSystemProperty(
                 StringPrintf("dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", isa).c_str(),
                 "--instruction-set-variant=",
diff --git a/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp b/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
index 861401c..141171b 100644
--- a/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/cmds/servicemanager/ServiceManager.cpp
@@ -68,7 +68,15 @@
 }
 #endif  // !VENDORSERVICEMANAGER
 
-ServiceManager::ServiceManager(std::unique_ptr<Access>&& access) : mAccess(std::move(access)) {}
+ServiceManager::ServiceManager(std::unique_ptr<Access>&& access) : mAccess(std::move(access)) {
+#ifndef VENDORSERVICEMANAGER
+    // can process these at any times, don't want to delay first VINTF client
+    std::thread([] {
+        vintf::VintfObject::GetDeviceHalManifest();
+        vintf::VintfObject::GetFrameworkHalManifest();
+    }).detach();
+#endif  // !VENDORSERVICEMANAGER
+}
 ServiceManager::~ServiceManager() {
     // this should only happen in tests
 
@@ -306,7 +314,7 @@
     if (listeners.empty()) {
         *it = mNameToCallback.erase(*it);
     } else {
-        it++;
+        (*it)++;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
index 4f47db1..bac8b66 100644
--- a/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp
@@ -280,19 +280,31 @@
         std::condition_variable mCv;
     };
 
+    // Simple RAII object to ensure a function call immediately before going out of scope
+    class Defer {
+    public:
+        Defer(std::function<void()>&& f) : mF(std::move(f)) {}
+        ~Defer() { mF(); }
+    private:
+        std::function<void()> mF;
+    };
+
     const std::string name = String8(name16).c_str();
 
     sp<IBinder> out;
     if (!mTheRealServiceManager->getService(name, &out).isOk()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
-    if(out != nullptr) return out;
+    if (out != nullptr) return out;
 
     sp<Waiter> waiter = new Waiter;
     if (!mTheRealServiceManager->registerForNotifications(
             name, waiter).isOk()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
+    Defer unregister ([&] {
+        mTheRealServiceManager->unregisterForNotifications(name, waiter);
+    });
 
     while(true) {
         {
@@ -316,7 +328,7 @@
         if (!mTheRealServiceManager->getService(name, &out).isOk()) {
             return nullptr;
         }
-        if(out != nullptr) return out;
+        if (out != nullptr) return out;
 
         ALOGW("Waited one second for %s", name.c_str());
     }
diff --git a/libs/binder/Status.cpp b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
index 0ad99ce..674f065 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Status.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Status.cpp
@@ -232,9 +232,10 @@
         ret.append("No error");
     } else {
         ret.appendFormat("Status(%d, %s): '", mException, exceptionToString(mException).c_str());
-        if (mException == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC ||
-            mException == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED) {
+        if (mException == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
             ret.appendFormat("%d: ", mErrorCode);
+        } else if (mException == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED) {
+            ret.appendFormat("%s: ", statusToString(mErrorCode).c_str());
         }
         ret.append(String8(mMessage));
         ret.append("'");
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
index 28ffa48..8d72a6b 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/IInterface.h
@@ -38,12 +38,32 @@
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+/**
+ * If this is a local object and the descriptor matches, this will return the
+ * actual local object which is implementing the interface. Otherwise, this will
+ * return a proxy to the interface without checking the interface descriptor.
+ * This means that subsequent calls may fail with BAD_TYPE.
+ */
 template<typename INTERFACE>
 inline sp<INTERFACE> interface_cast(const sp<IBinder>& obj)
 {
     return INTERFACE::asInterface(obj);
 }
 
+/**
+ * This is the same as interface_cast, except that it always checks to make sure
+ * the descriptor matches, and if it doesn't match, it will return nullptr.
+ */
+template<typename INTERFACE>
+inline sp<INTERFACE> checked_interface_cast(const sp<IBinder>& obj)
+{
+    if (obj->getInterfaceDescriptor() != INTERFACE::descriptor) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return interface_cast<INTERFACE>(obj);
+}
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 template<typename INTERFACE>
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
index 4d5c044..4560f22 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@
 #include <android/binder_status.h>
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
+
+#ifndef __ANDROID_API__
+#error Android builds must be compiled against a specific API. If this is an \
+ android platform host build, you must use libbinder_ndk_host_user.
+#endif
+
 #if __ANDROID_API__ >= 29
 
 // Also see TF_* in kernel's binder.h
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
index f3bc31b..7871667 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_parcel_utils.h
@@ -441,6 +441,42 @@
 }
 
 /**
+ * Writes a ScopedFileDescriptor object inside a std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor> at index 'index'
+ * to 'parcel'.
+ */
+template <>
+inline binder_status_t AParcel_writeStdVectorParcelableElement<ScopedFileDescriptor>(
+        AParcel* parcel, const void* vectorData, size_t index) {
+    const std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor>* vector =
+            static_cast<const std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor>*>(vectorData);
+    int writeFd = vector->at(index).get();
+    if (writeFd < 0) {
+        return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
+    }
+    return AParcel_writeParcelFileDescriptor(parcel, writeFd);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads a ScopedFileDescriptor object inside a std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor> at index 'index'
+ * from 'parcel'.
+ */
+template <>
+inline binder_status_t AParcel_readStdVectorParcelableElement<ScopedFileDescriptor>(
+        const AParcel* parcel, void* vectorData, size_t index) {
+    std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor>* vector =
+            static_cast<std::vector<ScopedFileDescriptor>*>(vectorData);
+    int readFd;
+    binder_status_t status = AParcel_readParcelFileDescriptor(parcel, &readFd);
+    if (status == STATUS_OK) {
+        if (readFd < 0) {
+            return STATUS_UNEXPECTED_NULL;
+        }
+        vector->at(index).set(readFd);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+/**
  * Convenience API for writing a std::vector<P>
  */
 template <typename P>
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
index db4a36b..94ab9f0 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderLibTest.cpp
@@ -1034,9 +1034,9 @@
 
     binder_buffer_object obj {
         .hdr = { .type = BINDER_TYPE_PTR },
+        .flags = 0,
         .buffer = reinterpret_cast<binder_uintptr_t>((void*)&buf),
         .length = 4,
-        .flags = 0,
     };
     data.setDataCapacity(1024);
     // Write a bogus object at offset 0 to get an entry in the offset table
diff --git a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
index 45fea85..4ee9f55 100644
--- a/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
+++ b/libs/cputimeinstate/cputimeinstate.cpp
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
         if (deleteMapEntry(gTisMapFd, &key) && errno != ENOENT) return false;
     }
 
-    concurrent_val_t czeros = {.policy = {0}, .active = {0}};
+    concurrent_val_t czeros = { .active = {0}, .policy = {0}, };
     std::vector<concurrent_val_t> cvals(gNCpus, czeros);
     for (key.bucket = 0; key.bucket <= (gNCpus - 1) / CPUS_PER_ENTRY; ++key.bucket) {
         if (writeToMapEntry(gConcurrentMapFd, &key, cvals.data(), BPF_EXIST) && errno != ENOENT)
diff --git a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
index 250f902..56b94c1 100644
--- a/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
+++ b/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors",
         "android.hardware.thermal@2.0::IThermal",
         "android.hardware.vr@1.0::IVr",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@1.0::IAudioControl",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0::IVehicle",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsCamera",
         NULL,
 };
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
index 5805797..b9597db 100644
--- a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposer.cpp
@@ -978,6 +978,35 @@
         }
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
+
+    virtual status_t setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor, const half4& spotColor,
+                                             float lightPosY, float lightPosZ, float lightRadius) {
+        Parcel data, reply;
+        status_t error = data.writeInterfaceToken(ISurfaceComposer::getInterfaceDescriptor());
+        if (error != NO_ERROR) {
+            ALOGE("setGlobalShadowSettings: failed to write interface token: %d", error);
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<float> shadowConfig = {ambientColor.r, ambientColor.g, ambientColor.b,
+                                           ambientColor.a, spotColor.r,    spotColor.g,
+                                           spotColor.b,    spotColor.a,    lightPosY,
+                                           lightPosZ,      lightRadius};
+
+        error = data.writeFloatVector(shadowConfig);
+        if (error != NO_ERROR) {
+            ALOGE("setGlobalShadowSettings: failed to write shadowConfig: %d", error);
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        error = remote()->transact(BnSurfaceComposer::SET_GLOBAL_SHADOW_SETTINGS, data, &reply,
+                                   IBinder::FLAG_ONEWAY);
+        if (error != NO_ERROR) {
+            ALOGE("setGlobalShadowSettings: failed to transact: %d", error);
+            return error;
+        }
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
 };
 
 // Out-of-line virtual method definition to trigger vtable emission in this
@@ -1593,6 +1622,25 @@
             }
             return notifyPowerHint(hintId);
         }
+        case SET_GLOBAL_SHADOW_SETTINGS: {
+            CHECK_INTERFACE(ISurfaceComposer, data, reply);
+
+            std::vector<float> shadowConfig;
+            status_t error = data.readFloatVector(&shadowConfig);
+            if (error != NO_ERROR || shadowConfig.size() != 11) {
+                ALOGE("setGlobalShadowSettings: failed to read shadowConfig: %d", error);
+                return error;
+            }
+
+            half4 ambientColor = {shadowConfig[0], shadowConfig[1], shadowConfig[2],
+                                  shadowConfig[3]};
+            half4 spotColor = {shadowConfig[4], shadowConfig[5], shadowConfig[6], shadowConfig[7]};
+            float lightPosY = shadowConfig[8];
+            float lightPosZ = shadowConfig[9];
+            float lightRadius = shadowConfig[10];
+            return setGlobalShadowSettings(ambientColor, spotColor, lightPosY, lightPosZ,
+                                           lightRadius);
+        }
         default: {
             return BBinder::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
         }
diff --git a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
index a538e14..2ab4d8a 100644
--- a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
@@ -1726,6 +1726,14 @@
     return ComposerService::getComposerService()->notifyPowerHint(hintId);
 }
 
+status_t SurfaceComposerClient::setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor,
+                                                        const half4& spotColor, float lightPosY,
+                                                        float lightPosZ, float lightRadius) {
+    return ComposerService::getComposerService()->setGlobalShadowSettings(ambientColor, spotColor,
+                                                                          lightPosY, lightPosZ,
+                                                                          lightRadius);
+}
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 status_t ScreenshotClient::capture(const sp<IBinder>& display, const ui::Dataspace reqDataSpace,
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
index f2bae98..514dfe2 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposer.h
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 
 #include <gui/ITransactionCompletedListener.h>
 
+#include <math/vec4.h>
+
 #include <ui/ConfigStoreTypes.h>
 #include <ui/DisplayedFrameStats.h>
 #include <ui/FrameStats.h>
@@ -439,6 +441,28 @@
      * Returns NO_ERROR upon success.
      */
     virtual status_t notifyPowerHint(int32_t hintId) = 0;
+
+    /*
+     * Sets the global configuration for all the shadows drawn by SurfaceFlinger. Shadow follows
+     * material design guidelines.
+     *
+     * ambientColor
+     *      Color to the ambient shadow. The alpha is premultiplied.
+     *
+     * spotColor
+     *      Color to the spot shadow. The alpha is premultiplied. The position of the spot shadow
+     *      depends on the light position.
+     *
+     * lightPosY/lightPosZ
+     *      Position of the light used to cast the spot shadow. The X value is always the display
+     *      width / 2.
+     *
+     * lightRadius
+     *      Radius of the light casting the shadow.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor, const half4& spotColor,
+                                             float lightPosY, float lightPosZ,
+                                             float lightRadius) = 0;
 };
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -492,6 +516,7 @@
         SET_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS,
         CAPTURE_SCREEN_BY_ID,
         NOTIFY_POWER_HINT,
+        SET_GLOBAL_SHADOW_SETTINGS,
         // Always append new enum to the end.
     };
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
index 37387ac..d218356 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -214,6 +214,27 @@
      */
     static status_t notifyPowerHint(int32_t hintId);
 
+    /*
+     * Sets the global configuration for all the shadows drawn by SurfaceFlinger. Shadow follows
+     * material design guidelines.
+     *
+     * ambientColor
+     *      Color to the ambient shadow. The alpha is premultiplied.
+     *
+     * spotColor
+     *      Color to the spot shadow. The alpha is premultiplied. The position of the spot shadow
+     *      depends on the light position.
+     *
+     * lightPosY/lightPosZ
+     *      Position of the light used to cast the spot shadow. The X value is always the display
+     *      width / 2.
+     *
+     * lightRadius
+     *      Radius of the light casting the shadow.
+     */
+    static status_t setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor, const half4& spotColor,
+                                            float lightPosY, float lightPosZ, float lightRadius);
+
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // surface creation / destruction
 
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
index a4fdb35..c4f35ae 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/Surface_test.cpp
@@ -833,6 +833,12 @@
     }
     status_t notifyPowerHint(int32_t /*hintId*/) override { return NO_ERROR; }
 
+    status_t setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& /*ambientColor*/, const half4& /*spotColor*/,
+                                     float /*lightPosY*/, float /*lightPosZ*/,
+                                     float /*lightRadius*/) override {
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+
 protected:
     IBinder* onAsBinder() override { return nullptr; }
 
diff --git a/libs/nativedisplay/ADisplay.cpp b/libs/nativedisplay/ADisplay.cpp
index 6665635..6566538 100644
--- a/libs/nativedisplay/ADisplay.cpp
+++ b/libs/nativedisplay/ADisplay.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h>
 #include <ui/DisplayInfo.h>
 #include <ui/GraphicTypes.h>
+#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <optional>
@@ -82,6 +83,16 @@
     ADisplayType type;
 
     /**
+     * The preferred WCG dataspace
+     */
+    ADataSpace wcgDataspace;
+
+    /**
+     * The preferred WCG pixel format
+     */
+    AHardwareBuffer_Format wcgPixelFormat;
+
+    /**
      * Number of supported configs
      */
     size_t numConfigs;
@@ -151,6 +162,17 @@
 
     const std::optional<PhysicalDisplayId> internalId =
             SurfaceComposerClient::getInternalDisplayId();
+    ui::Dataspace defaultDataspace;
+    ui::PixelFormat defaultPixelFormat;
+    ui::Dataspace wcgDataspace;
+    ui::PixelFormat wcgPixelFormat;
+
+    const status_t status =
+            SurfaceComposerClient::getCompositionPreference(&defaultDataspace, &defaultPixelFormat,
+                                                            &wcgDataspace, &wcgPixelFormat);
+    if (status != NO_ERROR) {
+        return status;
+    }
 
     // Here we allocate all our required memory in one block. The layout is as
     // follows:
@@ -176,7 +198,12 @@
         const std::vector<DisplayConfigImpl>& configs = configsPerDisplay[i];
         memcpy(configData, configs.data(), sizeof(DisplayConfigImpl) * configs.size());
 
-        displayData[i] = DisplayImpl{id, type, configs.size(), configData};
+        displayData[i] = DisplayImpl{id,
+                                     type,
+                                     static_cast<ADataSpace>(wcgDataspace),
+                                     static_cast<AHardwareBuffer_Format>(wcgPixelFormat),
+                                     configs.size(),
+                                     configData};
         impls[i] = displayData + i;
         // Advance the configData pointer so that future configs are written to
         // the correct display.
@@ -210,6 +237,17 @@
     return reinterpret_cast<DisplayImpl*>(display)->type;
 }
 
+void ADisplay_getPreferredWideColorFormat(ADisplay* display, ADataSpace* outDataspace,
+                                          AHardwareBuffer_Format* outPixelFormat) {
+    CHECK_NOT_NULL(display);
+    CHECK_NOT_NULL(outDataspace);
+    CHECK_NOT_NULL(outPixelFormat);
+
+    DisplayImpl* impl = reinterpret_cast<DisplayImpl*>(display);
+    *outDataspace = impl->wcgDataspace;
+    *outPixelFormat = impl->wcgPixelFormat;
+}
+
 int ADisplay_getCurrentConfig(ADisplay* display, ADisplayConfig** outConfig) {
     CHECK_NOT_NULL(display);
 
diff --git a/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp b/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
index 45b935a..a9b8d66 100644
--- a/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/nativedisplay/Android.bp
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
         "libandroidfw",
         "libgui",
         "liblog",
+        "libnativewindow",
         "libui",
         "libutils",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/nativedisplay/include/apex/display.h b/libs/nativedisplay/include/apex/display.h
index 7af452a..9be401e 100644
--- a/libs/nativedisplay/include/apex/display.h
+++ b/libs/nativedisplay/include/apex/display.h
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <android/data_space.h>
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
@@ -72,6 +74,12 @@
 ADisplayType ADisplay_getDisplayType(ADisplay* display);
 
 /**
+ * Queries the display's preferred WCG format
+ */
+void ADisplay_getPreferredWideColorFormat(ADisplay* display, ADataSpace* outDataspace,
+                                          AHardwareBuffer_Format* outPixelFormat);
+
+/**
  * Gets the current display configuration for the given display.
  *
  * Memory is *not* allocated for the caller. As such, the returned output
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp b/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
index 27ab482..55400c7 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/Android.bp
@@ -85,6 +85,11 @@
     export_header_lib_headers: [
         "libnativebase_headers",
     ],
+
+    stubs: {
+        symbol_file: "libnativewindow.map.txt",
+        versions: ["29"],
+    },
 }
 
 llndk_library {
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/libnativewindow.map.txt b/libs/nativewindow/libnativewindow.map.txt
index daf1dcc..f59e8f0 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/libnativewindow.map.txt
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/libnativewindow.map.txt
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
   global:
     AHardwareBuffer_acquire;
     AHardwareBuffer_allocate;
-    AHardwareBuffer_createFromHandle; # llndk
+    AHardwareBuffer_createFromHandle; # llndk # apex
     AHardwareBuffer_describe;
-    AHardwareBuffer_getNativeHandle; # llndk
+    AHardwareBuffer_getNativeHandle; # llndk # apex
     AHardwareBuffer_isSupported; # introduced=29
     AHardwareBuffer_lock;
     AHardwareBuffer_lockAndGetInfo; # introduced=29
diff --git a/libs/nativewindow/tests/AHardwareBufferTest.cpp b/libs/nativewindow/tests/AHardwareBufferTest.cpp
index cc2731d..71b1f9f 100644
--- a/libs/nativewindow/tests/AHardwareBufferTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/nativewindow/tests/AHardwareBufferTest.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
 #include <private/android/AHardwareBufferHelpers.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.0/types.h>
+#include <vndk/hardware_buffer.h>
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -100,9 +101,33 @@
             (uint64_t)BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_RARELY,
             AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_RARELY | AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_RARELY));
 
-EXPECT_TRUE(TestUsageConversion(
+    EXPECT_TRUE(TestUsageConversion(
         (uint64_t)BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET | (uint64_t)BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE |
-            1ull << 29 | 1ull << 57,
+        1ull << 29 | 1ull << 57,
         AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_GPU_COLOR_OUTPUT | AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_GPU_SAMPLED_IMAGE |
         AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_VENDOR_1 | AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_VENDOR_13));
 }
+
+TEST(AHardwareBufferTest, GetCreateHandleTest) {
+    AHardwareBuffer_Desc desc{
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 1,
+            .layers = 1,
+            .format = AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_BLOB,
+            .usage = AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN | AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN,
+            .stride = 64,
+    };
+
+    AHardwareBuffer* buffer = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, AHardwareBuffer_allocate(&desc, &buffer));
+    const native_handle_t* handle = AHardwareBuffer_getNativeHandle(buffer);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, handle);
+
+    AHardwareBuffer* otherBuffer = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, AHardwareBuffer_createFromHandle(
+        &desc, handle, AHARDWAREBUFFER_CREATE_FROM_HANDLE_METHOD_CLONE, &otherBuffer));
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, otherBuffer);
+
+    AHardwareBuffer_release(buffer);
+    AHardwareBuffer_release(otherBuffer);
+}
diff --git a/libs/ui/Gralloc4.cpp b/libs/ui/Gralloc4.cpp
index dc105c0..73945cf 100644
--- a/libs/ui/Gralloc4.cpp
+++ b/libs/ui/Gralloc4.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::BufferDescriptor;
 using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::Error;
 using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::IMapper;
-using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::YCbCrLayout;
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -190,6 +189,16 @@
 status_t Gralloc4Mapper::lock(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle, uint64_t usage, const Rect& bounds,
                               int acquireFence, void** outData, int32_t* outBytesPerPixel,
                               int32_t* outBytesPerStride) const {
+    // In Gralloc 4 we can get this info per plane. Clients should check per plane.
+    if (outBytesPerPixel) {
+        // TODO add support to check per plane
+        *outBytesPerPixel = -1;
+    }
+    if (outBytesPerStride) {
+        // TODO add support to check per plane
+        *outBytesPerStride = -1;
+    }
+
     auto buffer = const_cast<native_handle_t*>(bufferHandle);
 
     IMapper::Rect accessRegion = sGralloc4Rect(bounds);
@@ -205,19 +214,12 @@
 
     Error error;
     auto ret = mMapper->lock(buffer, usage, accessRegion, acquireFenceHandle,
-                             [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpData,
-                                 const auto& tmpBytesPerPixel, const auto& tmpBytesPerStride) {
+                             [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpData) {
                                  error = tmpError;
                                  if (error != Error::NONE) {
                                      return;
                                  }
                                  *outData = tmpData;
-                                 if (outBytesPerPixel) {
-                                     *outBytesPerPixel = tmpBytesPerPixel;
-                                 }
-                                 if (outBytesPerStride) {
-                                     *outBytesPerStride = tmpBytesPerStride;
-                                 }
                              });
 
     // we own acquireFence even on errors
@@ -232,48 +234,11 @@
     return static_cast<status_t>(error);
 }
 
-status_t Gralloc4Mapper::lock(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle, uint64_t usage, const Rect& bounds,
-                              int acquireFence, android_ycbcr* ycbcr) const {
-    auto buffer = const_cast<native_handle_t*>(bufferHandle);
-
-    IMapper::Rect accessRegion = sGralloc4Rect(bounds);
-
-    // put acquireFence in a hidl_handle
-    hardware::hidl_handle acquireFenceHandle;
-    NATIVE_HANDLE_DECLARE_STORAGE(acquireFenceStorage, 1, 0);
-    if (acquireFence >= 0) {
-        auto h = native_handle_init(acquireFenceStorage, 1, 0);
-        h->data[0] = acquireFence;
-        acquireFenceHandle = h;
-    }
-
-    YCbCrLayout layout;
-    Error error;
-    auto ret = mMapper->lockYCbCr(buffer, usage, accessRegion, acquireFenceHandle,
-                                  [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpLayout) {
-                                      error = tmpError;
-                                      if (error != Error::NONE) {
-                                          return;
-                                      }
-
-                                      layout = tmpLayout;
-                                  });
-
-    if (error == Error::NONE) {
-        ycbcr->y = layout.y;
-        ycbcr->cb = layout.cb;
-        ycbcr->cr = layout.cr;
-        ycbcr->ystride = static_cast<size_t>(layout.yStride);
-        ycbcr->cstride = static_cast<size_t>(layout.cStride);
-        ycbcr->chroma_step = static_cast<size_t>(layout.chromaStep);
-    }
-
-    // we own acquireFence even on errors
-    if (acquireFence >= 0) {
-        close(acquireFence);
-    }
-
-    return static_cast<status_t>((ret.isOk()) ? error : kTransactionError);
+status_t Gralloc4Mapper::lock(buffer_handle_t /*bufferHandle*/, uint64_t /*usage*/,
+                              const Rect& /*bounds*/, int /*acquireFence*/,
+                              android_ycbcr* /*ycbcr*/) const {
+    // TODO add lockYCbCr support
+    return static_cast<status_t>(Error::UNSUPPORTED);
 }
 
 int Gralloc4Mapper::unlock(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle) const {
diff --git a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
index 67607af..188ac6b 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
+++ b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.cpp
@@ -1201,6 +1201,20 @@
   return Void();
 }
 
+Return<void> HardwareComposer::ComposerCallback::onVsync_2_4(
+    Hwc2::Display /*display*/, int64_t /*timestamp*/,
+    Hwc2::VsyncPeriodNanos /*vsyncPeriodNanos*/) {
+  LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unexpected onVsync_2_4 callback");
+  return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> HardwareComposer::ComposerCallback::onVsyncPeriodTimingChanged(
+    Hwc2::Display /*display*/,
+    const Hwc2::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline& /*updatedTimeline*/) {
+  LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unexpected onVsyncPeriodTimingChanged callback");
+  return Void();
+}
+
 void HardwareComposer::ComposerCallback::SetVsyncService(
     const sp<VsyncService>& vsync_service) {
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
diff --git a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.h b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.h
index 989ce35..8698814 100644
--- a/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.h
+++ b/libs/vr/libvrflinger/hardware_composer.h
@@ -375,6 +375,12 @@
     hardware::Return<void> onRefresh(Hwc2::Display display) override;
     hardware::Return<void> onVsync(Hwc2::Display display,
                                    int64_t timestamp) override;
+    hardware::Return<void> onVsync_2_4(
+        Hwc2::Display display, int64_t timestamp,
+        Hwc2::VsyncPeriodNanos vsyncPeriodNanos) override;
+    hardware::Return<void> onVsyncPeriodTimingChanged(
+        Hwc2::Display display,
+        const Hwc2::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline& updatedTimeline) override;
 
     bool GotFirstHotplug() { return got_first_hotplug_; }
     void SetVsyncService(const sp<VsyncService>& vsync_service);
diff --git a/opengl/libs/Android.bp b/opengl/libs/Android.bp
index 48a68af..e255b9d 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/Android.bp
+++ b/opengl/libs/Android.bp
@@ -161,6 +161,10 @@
     ],
     ldflags: ["-Wl,--exclude-libs=ALL,--Bsymbolic-functions"],
     export_include_dirs: ["EGL/include"],
+    stubs: {
+        symbol_file: "libEGL.map.txt",
+        versions: ["29"],
+    },
 }
 
 cc_test {
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
index 930c7c7..e925f5b 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.cpp
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
 // --- EventEntry ---
 
-EventEntry::EventEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, int32_t type, nsecs_t eventTime, uint32_t policyFlags)
+EventEntry::EventEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, Type type, nsecs_t eventTime, uint32_t policyFlags)
       : sequenceNum(sequenceNum),
         refCount(1),
         type(type),
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 // --- ConfigurationChangedEntry ---
 
 ConfigurationChangedEntry::ConfigurationChangedEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, nsecs_t eventTime)
-      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, TYPE_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, eventTime, 0) {}
+      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, eventTime, 0) {}
 
 ConfigurationChangedEntry::~ConfigurationChangedEntry() {}
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 // --- DeviceResetEntry ---
 
 DeviceResetEntry::DeviceResetEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, nsecs_t eventTime, int32_t deviceId)
-      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, TYPE_DEVICE_RESET, eventTime, 0), deviceId(deviceId) {}
+      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, Type::DEVICE_RESET, eventTime, 0), deviceId(deviceId) {}
 
 DeviceResetEntry::~DeviceResetEntry() {}
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
                    int32_t displayId, uint32_t policyFlags, int32_t action, int32_t flags,
                    int32_t keyCode, int32_t scanCode, int32_t metaState, int32_t repeatCount,
                    nsecs_t downTime)
-      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, TYPE_KEY, eventTime, policyFlags),
+      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, Type::KEY, eventTime, policyFlags),
         deviceId(deviceId),
         source(source),
         displayId(displayId),
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
                          float xCursorPosition, float yCursorPosition, nsecs_t downTime,
                          uint32_t pointerCount, const PointerProperties* pointerProperties,
                          const PointerCoords* pointerCoords, float xOffset, float yOffset)
-      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, TYPE_MOTION, eventTime, policyFlags),
+      : EventEntry(sequenceNum, Type::MOTION, eventTime, policyFlags),
         eventTime(eventTime),
         deviceId(deviceId),
         source(source),
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
index 28c2799..9dcaadc 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/Entry.h
@@ -33,11 +33,24 @@
 constexpr uint32_t SYNTHESIZED_EVENT_SEQUENCE_NUM = 0;
 
 struct EventEntry {
-    enum { TYPE_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, TYPE_DEVICE_RESET, TYPE_KEY, TYPE_MOTION };
+    enum class Type { CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, DEVICE_RESET, KEY, MOTION };
+
+    static const char* typeToString(Type type) {
+        switch (type) {
+            case Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+                return "CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";
+            case Type::DEVICE_RESET:
+                return "DEVICE_RESET";
+            case Type::KEY:
+                return "KEY";
+            case Type::MOTION:
+                return "MOTION";
+        }
+    }
 
     uint32_t sequenceNum;
     mutable int32_t refCount;
-    int32_t type;
+    Type type;
     nsecs_t eventTime;
     uint32_t policyFlags;
     InjectionState* injectionState;
@@ -66,7 +79,7 @@
     virtual void appendDescription(std::string& msg) const = 0;
 
 protected:
-    EventEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, int32_t type, nsecs_t eventTime, uint32_t policyFlags);
+    EventEntry(uint32_t sequenceNum, Type type, nsecs_t eventTime, uint32_t policyFlags);
     virtual ~EventEntry();
     void releaseInjectionState();
 };
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
index 58a5b3c..c219941 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/dispatcher/InputDispatcher.cpp
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
     }
 
     switch (mPendingEvent->type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: {
             ConfigurationChangedEntry* typedEntry =
                     static_cast<ConfigurationChangedEntry*>(mPendingEvent);
             done = dispatchConfigurationChangedLocked(currentTime, typedEntry);
@@ -394,14 +394,14 @@
             break;
         }
 
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_DEVICE_RESET: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
             DeviceResetEntry* typedEntry = static_cast<DeviceResetEntry*>(mPendingEvent);
             done = dispatchDeviceResetLocked(currentTime, typedEntry);
             dropReason = DropReason::NOT_DROPPED; // device resets are never dropped
             break;
         }
 
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             KeyEntry* typedEntry = static_cast<KeyEntry*>(mPendingEvent);
             if (isAppSwitchDue) {
                 if (isAppSwitchKeyEvent(*typedEntry)) {
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
             break;
         }
 
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             MotionEntry* typedEntry = static_cast<MotionEntry*>(mPendingEvent);
             if (dropReason == DropReason::NOT_DROPPED && isAppSwitchDue) {
                 dropReason = DropReason::APP_SWITCH;
@@ -435,10 +435,6 @@
             done = dispatchMotionLocked(currentTime, typedEntry, &dropReason, nextWakeupTime);
             break;
         }
-
-        default:
-            ALOG_ASSERT(false);
-            break;
     }
 
     if (done) {
@@ -458,7 +454,7 @@
     traceInboundQueueLengthLocked();
 
     switch (entry->type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             // Optimize app switch latency.
             // If the application takes too long to catch up then we drop all events preceding
             // the app switch key.
@@ -480,7 +476,7 @@
             break;
         }
 
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             // Optimize case where the current application is unresponsive and the user
             // decides to touch a window in a different application.
             // If the application takes too long to catch up then we drop all events preceding
@@ -508,6 +504,11 @@
             }
             break;
         }
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+            // nothing to do
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
     return needWake;
@@ -627,12 +628,12 @@
     }
 
     switch (entry.type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             CancelationOptions options(CancelationOptions::CANCEL_NON_POINTER_EVENTS, reason);
             synthesizeCancelationEventsForAllConnectionsLocked(options);
             break;
         }
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             const MotionEntry& motionEntry = static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(entry);
             if (motionEntry.source & AINPUT_SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER) {
                 CancelationOptions options(CancelationOptions::CANCEL_POINTER_EVENTS, reason);
@@ -643,6 +644,11 @@
             }
             break;
         }
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Should not drop %s events", EventEntry::typeToString(entry.type));
+            break;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1174,18 +1180,19 @@
 int32_t InputDispatcher::getTargetDisplayId(const EventEntry& entry) {
     int32_t displayId;
     switch (entry.type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             const KeyEntry& keyEntry = static_cast<const KeyEntry&>(entry);
             displayId = keyEntry.displayId;
             break;
         }
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             const MotionEntry& motionEntry = static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(entry);
             displayId = motionEntry.displayId;
             break;
         }
-        default: {
-            ALOGE("Unsupported event type '%" PRId32 "' for target display.", entry.type);
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+            ALOGE("%s events do not have a target display", EventEntry::typeToString(entry.type));
             return ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
         }
     }
@@ -1849,7 +1856,7 @@
     }
 
     // Ensure that the dispatch queues aren't too far backed up for this event.
-    if (eventEntry.type == EventEntry::TYPE_KEY) {
+    if (eventEntry.type == EventEntry::Type::KEY) {
         // If the event is a key event, then we must wait for all previous events to
         // complete before delivering it because previous events may have the
         // side-effect of transferring focus to a different window and we want to
@@ -1937,7 +1944,7 @@
 
     int32_t eventType = USER_ACTIVITY_EVENT_OTHER;
     switch (eventEntry.type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             const MotionEntry& motionEntry = static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(eventEntry);
             if (motionEntry.action == AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_CANCEL) {
                 return;
@@ -1948,7 +1955,7 @@
             }
             break;
         }
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             const KeyEntry& keyEntry = static_cast<const KeyEntry&>(eventEntry);
             if (keyEntry.flags & AKEY_EVENT_FLAG_CANCELED) {
                 return;
@@ -1956,6 +1963,12 @@
             eventType = USER_ACTIVITY_EVENT_BUTTON;
             break;
         }
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("%s events are not user activity",
+                             EventEntry::typeToString(eventEntry.type));
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
     std::unique_ptr<CommandEntry> commandEntry =
@@ -1996,7 +2009,7 @@
 
     // Split a motion event if needed.
     if (inputTarget->flags & InputTarget::FLAG_SPLIT) {
-        ALOG_ASSERT(eventEntry->type == EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION);
+        ALOG_ASSERT(eventEntry->type == EventEntry::Type::MOTION);
 
         const MotionEntry& originalMotionEntry = static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(*eventEntry);
         if (inputTarget->pointerIds.count() != originalMotionEntry.pointerCount) {
@@ -2080,7 +2093,7 @@
 
     // Apply target flags and update the connection's input state.
     switch (eventEntry->type) {
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
             const KeyEntry& keyEntry = static_cast<const KeyEntry&>(*eventEntry);
             dispatchEntry->resolvedAction = keyEntry.action;
             dispatchEntry->resolvedFlags = keyEntry.flags;
@@ -2097,7 +2110,7 @@
             break;
         }
 
-        case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+        case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
             const MotionEntry& motionEntry = static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(*eventEntry);
             if (dispatchMode & InputTarget::FLAG_DISPATCH_AS_OUTSIDE) {
                 dispatchEntry->resolvedAction = AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_OUTSIDE;
@@ -2147,6 +2160,12 @@
 
             break;
         }
+        case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+        case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("%s events should not go to apps",
+                             EventEntry::typeToString(eventEntry->type));
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
     // Remember that we are waiting for this dispatch to complete.
@@ -2206,7 +2225,7 @@
         status_t status;
         EventEntry* eventEntry = dispatchEntry->eventEntry;
         switch (eventEntry->type) {
-            case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY: {
+            case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
                 KeyEntry* keyEntry = static_cast<KeyEntry*>(eventEntry);
 
                 // Publish the key event.
@@ -2221,7 +2240,7 @@
                 break;
             }
 
-            case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION: {
+            case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
                 MotionEntry* motionEntry = static_cast<MotionEntry*>(eventEntry);
 
                 PointerCoords scaledCoords[MAX_POINTERS];
@@ -2502,15 +2521,23 @@
         for (size_t i = 0; i < cancelationEvents.size(); i++) {
             EventEntry* cancelationEventEntry = cancelationEvents[i];
             switch (cancelationEventEntry->type) {
-                case EventEntry::TYPE_KEY:
+                case EventEntry::Type::KEY: {
                     logOutboundKeyDetails("cancel - ",
                                           static_cast<const KeyEntry&>(*cancelationEventEntry));
                     break;
-                case EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION:
+                }
+                case EventEntry::Type::MOTION: {
                     logOutboundMotionDetails("cancel - ",
                                              static_cast<const MotionEntry&>(
                                                      *cancelationEventEntry));
                     break;
+                }
+                case EventEntry::Type::CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
+                case EventEntry::Type::DEVICE_RESET: {
+                    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("%s event should not be found inside Connections's queue",
+                                     EventEntry::typeToString(cancelationEventEntry->type));
+                    break;
+                }
             }
 
             InputTarget target;
@@ -4237,11 +4264,11 @@
     }
 
     bool restartEvent;
-    if (dispatchEntry->eventEntry->type == EventEntry::TYPE_KEY) {
+    if (dispatchEntry->eventEntry->type == EventEntry::Type::KEY) {
         KeyEntry* keyEntry = static_cast<KeyEntry*>(dispatchEntry->eventEntry);
         restartEvent =
                 afterKeyEventLockedInterruptible(connection, dispatchEntry, keyEntry, handled);
-    } else if (dispatchEntry->eventEntry->type == EventEntry::TYPE_MOTION) {
+    } else if (dispatchEntry->eventEntry->type == EventEntry::Type::MOTION) {
         MotionEntry* motionEntry = static_cast<MotionEntry*>(dispatchEntry->eventEntry);
         restartEvent = afterMotionEventLockedInterruptible(connection, dispatchEntry, motionEntry,
                                                            handled);
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
index 4ff941f..16095b9 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/reader/mapper/SwitchInputMapper.cpp
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@
 void SwitchInputMapper::sync(nsecs_t when) {
     if (mUpdatedSwitchMask) {
         uint32_t updatedSwitchValues = mSwitchValues & mUpdatedSwitchMask;
-        NotifySwitchArgs args(mContext->getNextSequenceNum(), when, 0, updatedSwitchValues,
-                              mUpdatedSwitchMask);
+        NotifySwitchArgs args(mContext->getNextSequenceNum(), when, 0 /*policyFlags*/,
+                              updatedSwitchValues, mUpdatedSwitchMask);
         getListener()->notifySwitch(&args);
 
         mUpdatedSwitchMask = 0;
diff --git a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
index 8c1991e..8863ec2 100644
--- a/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
+++ b/services/inputflinger/tests/InputDispatcher_test.cpp
@@ -365,55 +365,87 @@
 
 class FakeInputReceiver {
 public:
-    void consumeEvent(int32_t expectedEventType, int32_t expectedDisplayId,
-            int32_t expectedFlags = 0) {
+    InputEvent* consume() {
         uint32_t consumeSeq;
         InputEvent* event;
-        status_t status = mConsumer->consume(&mEventFactory, false /*consumeBatches*/, -1,
-            &consumeSeq, &event);
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status)
-                << mName.c_str() << ": consumer consume should return OK.";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(event != nullptr)
-                << mName.c_str() << ": consumer should have returned non-NULL event.";
+        std::chrono::time_point start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        status_t status = WOULD_BLOCK;
+        while (status == WOULD_BLOCK) {
+            status = mConsumer->consume(&mEventFactory, false /*consumeBatches*/, -1, &consumeSeq,
+                                        &event);
+            std::chrono::duration elapsed = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start;
+            if (elapsed > 100ms) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (status == WOULD_BLOCK) {
+            // Just means there's no event available.
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        if (status != OK) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << mName.c_str() << ": consumer consume should return OK.";
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        if (event == nullptr) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Consumed correctly, but received NULL event from consumer";
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        status = mConsumer->sendFinishedSignal(consumeSeq, handled());
+        if (status != OK) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << mName.c_str() << ": consumer sendFinishedSignal should return OK.";
+        }
+        return event;
+    }
+
+    void consumeEvent(int32_t expectedEventType, int32_t expectedAction, int32_t expectedDisplayId,
+                      int32_t expectedFlags) {
+        InputEvent* event = consume();
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, event) << mName.c_str()
+                                  << ": consumer should have returned non-NULL event.";
         ASSERT_EQ(expectedEventType, event->getType())
                 << mName.c_str() << ": event type should match.";
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(expectedDisplayId, event->getDisplayId())
-                << mName.c_str() << ": event displayId should be the same as expected.";
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedDisplayId, event->getDisplayId());
 
-        int32_t flags;
         switch (expectedEventType) {
             case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY: {
-                KeyEvent* typedEvent = static_cast<KeyEvent*>(event);
-                flags = typedEvent->getFlags();
+                const KeyEvent& keyEvent = static_cast<const KeyEvent&>(*event);
+                EXPECT_EQ(expectedAction, keyEvent.getAction());
+                EXPECT_EQ(expectedFlags, keyEvent.getFlags());
                 break;
             }
             case AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION: {
-                MotionEvent* typedEvent = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(event);
-                flags = typedEvent->getFlags();
+                const MotionEvent& motionEvent = static_cast<const MotionEvent&>(*event);
+                EXPECT_EQ(expectedAction, motionEvent.getAction());
+                EXPECT_EQ(expectedFlags, motionEvent.getFlags());
                 break;
             }
             default: {
                 FAIL() << mName.c_str() << ": invalid event type: " << expectedEventType;
             }
         }
-        ASSERT_EQ(expectedFlags, flags)
-                << mName.c_str() << ": event flags should be the same as expected.";
+    }
 
-        status = mConsumer->sendFinishedSignal(consumeSeq, handled());
-        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status)
-                << mName.c_str() << ": consumer sendFinishedSignal should return OK.";
+    void consumeKeyDown(int32_t expectedDisplayId, int32_t expectedFlags = 0) {
+        consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, AKEY_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, expectedDisplayId,
+                     expectedFlags);
+    }
+
+    void consumeMotionDown(int32_t expectedDisplayId, int32_t expectedFlags = 0) {
+        consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, expectedDisplayId,
+                     expectedFlags);
     }
 
     void assertNoEvents() {
-        uint32_t consumeSeq;
-        InputEvent* event;
-        status_t status = mConsumer->consume(&mEventFactory, false /*consumeBatches*/, -1,
-            &consumeSeq, &event);
-        ASSERT_NE(OK, status)
+        InputEvent* event = consume();
+        ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, event)
                 << mName.c_str()
-                << ": should not have received any events, so consume(..) should not return OK.";
+                << ": should not have received any events, so consume() should return NULL";
     }
 
 protected:
@@ -611,7 +643,7 @@
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
 
     // Window should receive motion event.
-    window->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    window->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 }
 
 // The foreground window should receive the first touch down event.
@@ -632,7 +664,7 @@
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
 
     // Top window should receive the touch down event. Second window should not receive anything.
-    windowTop->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    windowTop->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowSecond->assertNoEvents();
 }
 
@@ -658,7 +690,7 @@
 
     // Focused window should receive event.
     windowTop->assertNoEvents();
-    windowSecond->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowSecond->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
 }
 
 TEST_F(InputDispatcherTest, SetInputWindow_FocusPriority) {
@@ -683,7 +715,7 @@
             << "Inject key event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
 
     // Top focused window should receive event.
-    windowTop->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowTop->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
     windowSecond->assertNoEvents();
 }
 
@@ -713,7 +745,7 @@
 
     // Top window is invalid, so it should not receive any input event.
     windowTop->assertNoEvents();
-    windowSecond->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowSecond->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
 }
 
 TEST_F(InputDispatcherTest, DispatchMouseEventsUnderCursor) {
@@ -738,7 +770,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED,
               injectMotionEvent(mDispatcher, AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, AINPUT_SOURCE_MOUSE,
                                 ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT, 610, 400, 599, 400));
-    windowLeft->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    windowLeft->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowRight->assertNoEvents();
 }
 
@@ -794,7 +826,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED, injectMotionDown(mDispatcher,
             AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
-    windowInPrimary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    windowInPrimary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
 
     // Test touch down on second display.
@@ -802,29 +834,29 @@
             AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID))
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
     windowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
 }
 
 TEST_F(InputDispatcherFocusOnTwoDisplaysTest, SetInputWindow_MultiDisplayFocus) {
     // Test inject a key down with display id specified.
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED, injectKeyDown(mDispatcher, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))
             << "Inject key event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
-    windowInPrimary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    windowInPrimary->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
 
     // Test inject a key down without display id specified.
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED, injectKeyDown(mDispatcher))
             << "Inject key event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
     windowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
 
     // Remove secondary display.
     std::vector<sp<InputWindowHandle>> noWindows;
     mDispatcher->setInputWindows(noWindows, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
 
     // Expect old focus should receive a cancel event.
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE,
-            AKEY_EVENT_FLAG_CANCELED);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, AKEY_EVENT_ACTION_UP, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE,
+                                    AKEY_EVENT_FLAG_CANCELED);
 
     // Test inject a key down, should timeout because of no target window.
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_TIMED_OUT, injectKeyDown(mDispatcher))
@@ -853,8 +885,8 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED, injectMotionDown(mDispatcher,
             AINPUT_SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT))
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
-    windowInPrimary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
-    monitorInPrimary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    windowInPrimary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
+    monitorInPrimary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
     windowInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
     monitorInSecondary->assertNoEvents();
 
@@ -864,8 +896,8 @@
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
     windowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
     monitorInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
-    monitorInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
+    monitorInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(SECOND_DISPLAY_ID);
 
     // Test inject a non-pointer motion event.
     // If specific a display, it will dispatch to the focused window of particular display,
@@ -875,8 +907,8 @@
             << "Inject motion event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
     windowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
     monitorInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
-    monitorInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_MOTION, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    monitorInSecondary->consumeMotionDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
 }
 
 // Test per-display input monitors for key event.
@@ -892,8 +924,8 @@
             << "Inject key event should return INPUT_EVENT_INJECTION_SUCCEEDED";
     windowInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
     monitorInPrimary->assertNoEvents();
-    windowInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
-    monitorInSecondary->consumeEvent(AINPUT_EVENT_TYPE_KEY, ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    windowInSecondary->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
+    monitorInSecondary->consumeKeyDown(ADISPLAY_ID_NONE);
 }
 
 class InputFilterTest : public InputDispatcherTest {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
index 91f3ffd..127a3da 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Android.bp
@@ -167,9 +167,12 @@
         "Scheduler/LayerInfo.cpp",
         "Scheduler/MessageQueue.cpp",
         "Scheduler/PhaseOffsets.cpp",
+        "Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp",
         "Scheduler/Scheduler.cpp",
         "Scheduler/SchedulerUtils.cpp",
+        "Scheduler/Timer.cpp",
         "Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.cpp",
+        "Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp",
         "Scheduler/VSyncModulator.cpp",
         "StartPropertySetThread.cpp",
         "SurfaceFlinger.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
index a25709c..94c4a81 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@
         // with the clone layer trying to use the deleted texture.
         mFlinger->deleteTextureAsync(mTextureName);
     }
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerID);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId);
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
 }
 
 void BufferLayer::useSurfaceDamage() {
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
     return hasReadyFrame();
 }
 
-bool BufferLayer::onPostComposition(const std::optional<DisplayId>& displayId,
+bool BufferLayer::onPostComposition(sp<const DisplayDevice> displayDevice,
                                     const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& glDoneFence,
                                     const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFence,
                                     const CompositorTiming& compositorTiming) {
@@ -305,8 +305,16 @@
     nsecs_t desiredPresentTime = mBufferInfo.mDesiredPresentTime;
     mFrameTracker.setDesiredPresentTime(desiredPresentTime);
 
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setDesiredTime(layerID, mCurrentFrameNumber, desiredPresentTime);
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setDesiredTime(layerId, mCurrentFrameNumber, desiredPresentTime);
+
+    const auto outputLayer = findOutputLayerForDisplay(displayDevice);
+    if (outputLayer && outputLayer->requiresClientComposition()) {
+        nsecs_t clientCompositionTimestamp = outputLayer->getState().clientCompositionTimestamp;
+        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, getCurrentBufferId(), mCurrentFrameNumber,
+                                               clientCompositionTimestamp,
+                                               FrameTracer::FrameEvent::FALLBACK_COMPOSITION);
+    }
 
     std::shared_ptr<FenceTime> frameReadyFence = mBufferInfo.mFenceTime;
     if (frameReadyFence->isValid()) {
@@ -317,17 +325,18 @@
         mFrameTracker.setFrameReadyTime(desiredPresentTime);
     }
 
+    const auto displayId = displayDevice->getId();
     if (presentFence->isValid()) {
-        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPresentFence(layerID, mCurrentFrameNumber, presentFence);
-        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, getCurrentBufferId(), mCurrentFrameNumber,
+        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPresentFence(layerId, mCurrentFrameNumber, presentFence);
+        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, getCurrentBufferId(), mCurrentFrameNumber,
                                            presentFence, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::PRESENT_FENCE);
         mFrameTracker.setActualPresentFence(std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>(presentFence));
     } else if (displayId && mFlinger->getHwComposer().isConnected(*displayId)) {
         // The HWC doesn't support present fences, so use the refresh
         // timestamp instead.
         const nsecs_t actualPresentTime = mFlinger->getHwComposer().getRefreshTimestamp(*displayId);
-        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPresentTime(layerID, mCurrentFrameNumber, actualPresentTime);
-        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, getCurrentBufferId(), mCurrentFrameNumber,
+        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPresentTime(layerId, mCurrentFrameNumber, actualPresentTime);
+        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, getCurrentBufferId(), mCurrentFrameNumber,
                                                actualPresentTime,
                                                FrameTracer::FrameEvent::PRESENT_FENCE);
         mFrameTracker.setActualPresentTime(actualPresentTime);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
index 656ba12..16855d2 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 
     bool isHdrY410() const override;
 
-    bool onPostComposition(const std::optional<DisplayId>& displayId,
+    bool onPostComposition(sp<const DisplayDevice> displayDevice,
                            const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& glDoneFence,
                            const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFence,
                            const CompositorTiming& compositorTiming) override;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
index 6896da7..d51d34b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
     // BufferItem's that weren't actually queued. This can happen in shared
     // buffer mode.
     bool queuedBuffer = false;
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
     LayerRejecter r(mDrawingState, getCurrentState(), recomputeVisibleRegions,
                     getProducerStickyTransform() != 0, mName, mOverrideScalingMode,
                     getTransformToDisplayInverse());
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@
         if (queuedBuffer) {
             Mutex::Autolock lock(mQueueItemLock);
             mConsumer->mergeSurfaceDamage(mQueueItems[0].mSurfaceDamage);
-            mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerID, mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber);
+            mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerId, mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber);
             mQueueItems.removeAt(0);
             mQueuedFrames--;
         }
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@
             Mutex::Autolock lock(mQueueItemLock);
             mQueueItems.clear();
             mQueuedFrames = 0;
-            mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerID);
-            mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+            mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId);
+            mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
         }
 
         // Once we have hit this state, the shadow queue may no longer
@@ -301,19 +301,17 @@
         // updateTexImage
         while (mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber != currentFrameNumber) {
             mConsumer->mergeSurfaceDamage(mQueueItems[0].mSurfaceDamage);
-            mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerID, mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber);
+            mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerId, mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber);
             mQueueItems.removeAt(0);
             mQueuedFrames--;
         }
 
         uint64_t bufferID = mQueueItems[0].mGraphicBuffer->getId();
-        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setAcquireFence(layerID, currentFrameNumber,
-                                              mQueueItems[0].mFenceTime);
-        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, currentFrameNumber,
+        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, currentFrameNumber,
                                            mQueueItems[0].mFenceTime,
                                            FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE);
-        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setLatchTime(layerID, currentFrameNumber, latchTime);
-        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, currentFrameNumber, latchTime,
+        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setLatchTime(layerId, currentFrameNumber, latchTime);
+        mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, currentFrameNumber, latchTime,
                                                FrameTracer::FrameEvent::LATCH);
 
         mQueueItems.removeAt(0);
@@ -373,28 +371,28 @@
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 void BufferQueueLayer::onFrameDequeued(const uint64_t bufferId) {
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, getName().c_str());
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, getName().c_str());
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
                                            systemTime(), FrameTracer::FrameEvent::DEQUEUE);
 }
 
 void BufferQueueLayer::onFrameDetached(const uint64_t bufferId) {
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, getName().c_str());
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, getName().c_str());
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
                                            systemTime(), FrameTracer::FrameEvent::DETACH);
 }
 
 void BufferQueueLayer::onFrameCancelled(const uint64_t bufferId) {
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferId, FrameTracer::UNSPECIFIED_FRAME_NUMBER,
                                            systemTime(), FrameTracer::FrameEvent::CANCEL);
 }
 
 void BufferQueueLayer::onFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& item) {
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, item.mGraphicBuffer->getId(), item.mFrameNumber,
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, item.mGraphicBuffer->getId(), item.mFrameNumber,
                                            systemTime(), FrameTracer::FrameEvent::QUEUE);
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
index 33cd0dc..d68fe8e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
@@ -240,10 +240,10 @@
     mCurrentState.modified = true;
     setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
 
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPostTime(layerID, mFrameNumber, getName().c_str(), postTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, getName().c_str());
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, buffer->getId(), mFrameNumber, postTime,
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPostTime(layerId, mFrameNumber, getName().c_str(), postTime);
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, getName().c_str());
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, buffer->getId(), mFrameNumber, postTime,
                                            FrameTracer::FrameEvent::POST);
     mCurrentState.desiredPresentTime = desiredPresentTime;
 
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
 
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
 
     // Reject if the layer is invalid
     uint32_t bufferWidth = s.buffer->width;
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@
         ALOGE("[%s] rejecting buffer: "
               "bufferWidth=%d, bufferHeight=%d, front.active.{w=%d, h=%d}",
               getDebugName(), bufferWidth, bufferHeight, s.active.w, s.active.h);
-        mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerID, mFrameNumber);
+        mFlinger->mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerId, mFrameNumber);
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
@@ -497,18 +497,18 @@
         // a GL-composited layer) not at all.
         status_t err = bindTextureImage();
         if (err != NO_ERROR) {
-            mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerID);
-            mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+            mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId);
+            mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
             return BAD_VALUE;
         }
     }
 
     const uint64_t bufferID = getCurrentBufferId();
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setAcquireFence(layerID, mFrameNumber, mBufferInfo.mFenceTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, mFrameNumber, mBufferInfo.mFenceTime,
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setAcquireFence(layerId, mFrameNumber, mBufferInfo.mFenceTime);
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, mFrameNumber, mBufferInfo.mFenceTime,
                                        FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE);
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setLatchTime(layerID, mFrameNumber, latchTime);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, mFrameNumber, latchTime,
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->setLatchTime(layerId, mFrameNumber, latchTime);
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, mFrameNumber, latchTime,
                                            FrameTracer::FrameEvent::LATCH);
 
     mCurrentStateModified = false;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.cpp
index 16fe27c..a5be01c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    auto& processBuffers = it->second;
+    auto& processBuffers = it->second.second;
 
     auto bufItr = processBuffers.find(id);
     if (bufItr == processBuffers.end()) {
@@ -86,12 +86,14 @@
             return false;
         }
         auto [itr, success] =
-                mBuffers.emplace(processToken, std::unordered_map<uint64_t, ClientCacheBuffer>());
+                mBuffers.emplace(processToken,
+                                 std::make_pair(token,
+                                                std::unordered_map<uint64_t, ClientCacheBuffer>()));
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!success, "failed to insert new process into client cache");
         it = itr;
     }
 
-    auto& processBuffers = it->second;
+    auto& processBuffers = it->second.second;
 
     if (processBuffers.size() > BUFFER_CACHE_MAX_SIZE) {
         ALOGE("failed to cache buffer: cache is full");
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@
             }
         }
 
-        mBuffers[processToken].erase(id);
+        mBuffers[processToken].second.erase(id);
     }
 
     for (auto& recipient : pendingErase) {
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        for (auto& [id, clientCacheBuffer] : itr->second) {
+        for (auto& [id, clientCacheBuffer] : itr->second.second) {
             client_cache_t cacheId = {processToken, id};
             for (auto& recipient : clientCacheBuffer.recipients) {
                 sp<ErasedRecipient> erasedRecipient = recipient.promote();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.h b/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.h
index aa6c80d..d7af7c0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/ClientCache.h
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@
         std::set<wp<ErasedRecipient>> recipients;
     };
     std::map<wp<IBinder> /*caching process*/,
-             std::unordered_map<uint64_t /*cache id*/, ClientCacheBuffer>>
+             std::pair<sp<IBinder> /*strong ref to caching process*/,
+                       std::unordered_map<uint64_t /*cache id*/, ClientCacheBuffer>>>
             mBuffers GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
     class CacheDeathRecipient : public IBinder::DeathRecipient {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
index 1347449..11cfccc 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/impl/OutputLayerCompositionState.h
@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@
 
     // Debugging
     void dump(std::string& result) const;
+
+    // Timestamp for when the layer is queued for client composition
+    nsecs_t clientCompositionTimestamp;
 };
 
 } // namespace compositionengine::impl
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
index 1953005..6877f8b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/src/Output.cpp
@@ -904,6 +904,7 @@
                     layerSettings.disableBlending = true;
                 }
 
+                layer->editState().clientCompositionTimestamp = systemTime();
                 clientCompositionLayers.push_back(*result);
             }
         }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CallOrderStateMachineHelper.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CallOrderStateMachineHelper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2675dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CallOrderStateMachineHelper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+/**
+ * CallOrderStateMachineHelper is a helper class for setting up a compile-time
+ * checked state machine that a sequence of calls is correct for completely
+ * setting up the state for some other type.
+ *
+ * Two examples where this could be used are with setting up a "Builder" flow
+ * for initializing an instance of some type, and writing tests where the state
+ * machine sets up expectations and preconditions, calls the function under
+ * test, and then evaluations postconditions.
+ *
+ * The purpose of this helper is to offload some of the boilerplate code to
+ * simplify the actual state classes, and is also a place to document how to
+ * go about setting up the state classes.
+ *
+ * To work at compile time, the idea is that each state is a unique C++ type,
+ * and the valid transitions between states are given by member functions on
+ * those types, with those functions returning a simple value type expressing
+ * the new state to use. Illegal state transitions become a compile error because
+ * a named member function does not exist.
+ *
+ * Example usage in a test:
+ *
+ *    A two step (+ terminator step) setup process can defined using:
+ *
+ *        class Step1 : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestFixtureType, Step1> {
+ *           [[nodiscard]] auto firstMockCalledWith(int value1) {
+ *              // Set up an expectation or initial state using the fixture
+ *              EXPECT_CALL(getInstance->firstMock, FirstCall(value1));
+ *              return nextState<Step2>();
+ *           }
+ *        };
+ *
+ *        class Step2 : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestFixtureType, Step2> {
+ *           [[nodiscard]] auto secondMockCalledWith(int value2) {
+ *              // Set up an expectation or initial state using the fixture
+ *              EXPECT_CALL(getInstance()->secondMock, SecondCall(value2));
+ *              return nextState<StepExecute>();
+ *           }
+ *        };
+ *
+ *        class StepExecute : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestFixtureType, Step3> {
+ *           void execute() {
+ *              invokeFunctionUnderTest();
+ *           }
+ *        };
+ *
+ *    Note how the non-terminator steps return by value and use [[nodiscard]] to
+ *    enforce the setup flow. Only the terminator step returns void.
+ *
+ *    This can then be used in the tests with:
+ *
+ *        Step1::make(this).firstMockCalledWith(value1)
+ *                .secondMockCalledWith(value2)
+ *                .execute);
+ *
+ *    If the test fixture defines a `verify()` helper function which returns
+ *    `Step1::make(this)`, this can be simplified to:
+ *
+ *        verify().firstMockCalledWith(value1)
+ *                .secondMockCalledWith(value2)
+ *                .execute();
+ *
+ *    This is equivalent to the following calls made by the text function:
+ *
+ *        EXPECT_CALL(firstMock, FirstCall(value1));
+ *        EXPECT_CALL(secondMock, SecondCall(value2));
+ *        invokeFunctionUnderTest();
+ */
+template <typename InstanceType, typename CurrentStateType>
+class CallOrderStateMachineHelper {
+public:
+    CallOrderStateMachineHelper() = default;
+
+    // Disallow copying
+    CallOrderStateMachineHelper(const CallOrderStateMachineHelper&) = delete;
+    CallOrderStateMachineHelper& operator=(const CallOrderStateMachineHelper&) = delete;
+
+    // Moving is intended use case.
+    CallOrderStateMachineHelper(CallOrderStateMachineHelper&&) = default;
+    CallOrderStateMachineHelper& operator=(CallOrderStateMachineHelper&&) = default;
+
+    // Using a static "Make" function means the CurrentStateType classes do not
+    // need anything other than a default no-argument constructor.
+    static CurrentStateType make(InstanceType* instance) {
+        auto helper = CurrentStateType();
+        helper.mInstance = instance;
+        return helper;
+    }
+
+    // Each non-terminal state function
+    template <typename NextStateType>
+    auto nextState() {
+        // Note: Further operations on the current state become undefined
+        // operations as the instance pointer is moved to the next state type.
+        // But that doesn't stop someone from storing an intermediate state
+        // instance as a local and possibly calling one than one member function
+        // on it. By swapping with nullptr, we at least can try to catch this
+        // this at runtime.
+        InstanceType* instance = nullptr;
+        std::swap(instance, mInstance);
+        return NextStateType::make(instance);
+    }
+
+    InstanceType* getInstance() const { return mInstance; }
+
+private:
+    InstanceType* mInstance;
+};
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayColorProfileTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayColorProfileTest.cpp
index c07dfbb..21b9aa9 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayColorProfileTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayColorProfileTest.cpp
@@ -19,35 +19,6 @@
 #include <compositionengine/mock/CompositionEngine.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
-namespace android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_1 {
-
-// Note: These operator overloads need to be defined in the same namespace as
-// the values they print.
-
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const RenderIntent& value) {
-    return os << toString(value) << " (" << static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Dataspace>>(value)
-              << ")";
-}
-
-} // namespace android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_1
-
-namespace android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2 {
-
-// Note: These operator overloads need to be defined in the same namespace as
-// the values they print.
-
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Dataspace& value) {
-    return os << toString(value) << " (" << static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Dataspace>>(value)
-              << ")";
-}
-
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const ColorMode& value) {
-    return os << toString(value) << " (" << static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Dataspace>>(value)
-              << ")";
-}
-
-} // namespace android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2
-
 namespace android::compositionengine {
 namespace {
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/MockHWComposer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/MockHWComposer.h
index 5cfec77..364661b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/MockHWComposer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/MockHWComposer.h
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@
     MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getColorModes, std::vector<ui::ColorMode>(DisplayId));
     MOCK_METHOD3(setActiveColorMode, status_t(DisplayId, ui::ColorMode, ui::RenderIntent));
     MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(isUsingVrComposer, bool());
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported, bool(DisplayId));
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getDisplayVsyncPeriod, nsecs_t(DisplayId));
+    MOCK_METHOD4(setActiveConfigWithConstraints,
+                 status_t(DisplayId, size_t, const HWC2::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints&,
+                          HWC2::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline*));
 
     MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(dump, void(std::string&));
     MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getComposer, android::Hwc2::Composer*());
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
index 7fce520..a9a735a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h>
 #include <compositionengine/impl/Output.h>
 #include <compositionengine/impl/OutputCompositionState.h>
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@
 #include <ui/Rect.h>
 #include <ui/Region.h>
 
+#include "CallOrderStateMachineHelper.h"
+#include "MockHWC2.h"
 #include "RegionMatcher.h"
 #include "TransformMatcher.h"
 
@@ -38,8 +41,16 @@
 namespace {
 
 using testing::_;
+using testing::ByMove;
+using testing::DoAll;
+using testing::Eq;
+using testing::InSequence;
+using testing::Mock;
+using testing::Property;
+using testing::Ref;
 using testing::Return;
 using testing::ReturnRef;
+using testing::SetArgPointee;
 using testing::StrictMock;
 
 constexpr auto TR_IDENT = 0u;
@@ -49,6 +60,34 @@
 const mat4 kNonIdentityHalf = mat4() * 0.5;
 const mat4 kNonIdentityQuarter = mat4() * 0.25;
 
+constexpr OutputColorSetting kVendorSpecifiedOutputColorSetting =
+        static_cast<OutputColorSetting>(0x100);
+
+struct OutputPartialMockBase : public impl::Output {
+    // compositionengine::Output overrides
+    const OutputCompositionState& getState() const override { return mState; }
+    OutputCompositionState& editState() override { return mState; }
+
+    // Use mocks for all the remaining virtual functions
+    // not implemented by the base implementation class.
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getOutputLayerCount, size_t());
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex, compositionengine::OutputLayer*(size_t));
+    MOCK_METHOD3(ensureOutputLayer,
+                 compositionengine::OutputLayer*(std::optional<size_t>,
+                                                 const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&,
+                                                 const sp<LayerFE>&));
+    MOCK_METHOD0(finalizePendingOutputLayers, void());
+    MOCK_METHOD0(clearOutputLayers, void());
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(dumpState, void(std::string&));
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getCompositionEngine, const CompositionEngine&());
+    MOCK_METHOD2(injectOutputLayerForTest,
+                 compositionengine::OutputLayer*(const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&,
+                                                 const sp<LayerFE>&));
+    MOCK_METHOD1(injectOutputLayerForTest, void(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>));
+
+    impl::OutputCompositionState mState;
+};
+
 struct OutputTest : public testing::Test {
     class Output : public impl::Output {
     public:
@@ -77,8 +116,70 @@
     std::shared_ptr<Output> mOutput = createOutput(mCompositionEngine);
 };
 
+// Extension of the base test useful for checking interactions with the LayerFE
+// functions to latch composition state.
+struct OutputLatchFEStateTest : public OutputTest {
+    OutputLatchFEStateTest() {
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer1));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer2));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer3));
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, getLayerFE()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer1FE));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, getLayerFE()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer2FE));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, getLayerFE()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer3FE));
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mLayer1, editFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer1FEState));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mLayer2, editFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer2FEState));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mLayer3, editFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer3FEState));
+    }
+
+    void injectLayer(std::unique_ptr<mock::OutputLayer> layer) {
+        mOutput->injectOutputLayerForTest(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>(layer.release()));
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<mock::OutputLayer> mOutputLayer1{new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>};
+    std::unique_ptr<mock::OutputLayer> mOutputLayer2{new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>};
+    std::unique_ptr<mock::OutputLayer> mOutputLayer3{new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>};
+
+    StrictMock<mock::Layer> mLayer1;
+    StrictMock<mock::Layer> mLayer2;
+    StrictMock<mock::Layer> mLayer3;
+
+    StrictMock<mock::LayerFE> mLayer1FE;
+    StrictMock<mock::LayerFE> mLayer2FE;
+    StrictMock<mock::LayerFE> mLayer3FE;
+
+    LayerFECompositionState mLayer1FEState;
+    LayerFECompositionState mLayer2FEState;
+    LayerFECompositionState mLayer3FEState;
+};
+
 const Rect OutputTest::kDefaultDisplaySize{100, 200};
 
+using ColorProfile = compositionengine::Output::ColorProfile;
+
+void dumpColorProfile(ColorProfile profile, std::string& result, const char* name) {
+    android::base::StringAppendF(&result, "%s (%s[%d] %s[%d] %s[%d] %s[%d]) ", name,
+                                 toString(profile.mode).c_str(), profile.mode,
+                                 toString(profile.dataspace).c_str(), profile.dataspace,
+                                 toString(profile.renderIntent).c_str(), profile.renderIntent,
+                                 toString(profile.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace).c_str(),
+                                 profile.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace);
+}
+
+// Checks for a ColorProfile match
+MATCHER_P(ColorProfileEq, expected, "") {
+    std::string buf;
+    buf.append("ColorProfiles are not equal\n");
+    dumpColorProfile(expected, buf, "expected value");
+    dumpColorProfile(arg, buf, "actual value");
+    *result_listener << buf;
+
+    return (expected.mode == arg.mode) && (expected.dataspace == arg.dataspace) &&
+            (expected.renderIntent == arg.renderIntent) &&
+            (expected.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace == arg.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace);
+}
+
 /*
  * Basic construction
  */
@@ -268,10 +369,12 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Output::setColorMode
+ * Output::setColorProfile
  */
 
-TEST_F(OutputTest, setColorModeSetsStateAndDirtiesOutputIfChanged) {
+using OutputSetColorProfileTest = OutputTest;
+
+TEST_F(OutputSetColorProfileTest, setsStateAndDirtiesOutputIfChanged) {
     using ColorProfile = Output::ColorProfile;
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mDisplayColorProfile,
@@ -292,7 +395,7 @@
     EXPECT_THAT(mOutput->getState().dirtyRegion, RegionEq(Region(kDefaultDisplaySize)));
 }
 
-TEST_F(OutputTest, setColorModeDoesNothingIfNoChange) {
+TEST_F(OutputSetColorProfileTest, doesNothingIfNoChange) {
     using ColorProfile = Output::ColorProfile;
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mDisplayColorProfile,
@@ -483,26 +586,163 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Output::setReleasedLayers()
+ */
+
+using OutputSetReleasedLayersTest = OutputTest;
+
+TEST_F(OutputSetReleasedLayersTest, setReleasedLayersTakesGivenLayers) {
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer1FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer2FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer3FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+
+    Output::ReleasedLayers layers;
+    layers.push_back(layer1FE);
+    layers.push_back(layer2FE);
+    layers.push_back(layer3FE);
+
+    mOutput->setReleasedLayers(std::move(layers));
+
+    const auto& setLayers = mOutput->getReleasedLayersForTest();
+    ASSERT_EQ(3u, setLayers.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(layer1FE.get(), setLayers[0].promote().get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(layer2FE.get(), setLayers[1].promote().get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(layer3FE.get(), setLayers[2].promote().get());
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output::updateLayerStateFromFE()
+ */
+
+using OutputUpdateLayerStateFromFETest = OutputLatchFEStateTest;
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateLayerStateFromFETest, handlesNoOutputLayerCase) {
+    CompositionRefreshArgs refreshArgs;
+
+    mOutput->updateLayerStateFromFE(refreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateLayerStateFromFETest, latchesContentStateForAllContainedLayers) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer1FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer1FEState), LayerFE::StateSubset::Content));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer2FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer2FEState), LayerFE::StateSubset::Content));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer3FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer3FEState), LayerFE::StateSubset::Content));
+
+    // Note: Must be performed after any expectations on these mocks
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs refreshArgs;
+    refreshArgs.updatingGeometryThisFrame = false;
+
+    mOutput->updateLayerStateFromFE(refreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateLayerStateFromFETest, latchesGeometryAndContentStateForAllContainedLayers) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer1FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer1FEState),
+                                      LayerFE::StateSubset::GeometryAndContent));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer2FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer2FEState),
+                                      LayerFE::StateSubset::GeometryAndContent));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer3FE,
+                latchCompositionState(Ref(mLayer3FEState),
+                                      LayerFE::StateSubset::GeometryAndContent));
+
+    // Note: Must be performed after any expectations on these mocks
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs refreshArgs;
+    refreshArgs.updatingGeometryThisFrame = true;
+
+    mOutput->updateLayerStateFromFE(refreshArgs);
+}
+
+/*
  * Output::updateAndWriteCompositionState()
  */
 
-TEST_F(OutputTest, updateAndWriteCompositionState_takesEarlyOutIfNotEnabled) {
-    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = false;
+using OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest = OutputLatchFEStateTest;
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest, doesNothingIfLayers) {
+    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = true;
 
     CompositionRefreshArgs args;
     mOutput->updateAndWriteCompositionState(args);
 }
 
-TEST_F(OutputTest, updateAndWriteCompositionState_updatesLayers) {
-    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = true;
-    mock::OutputLayer* outputLayer = new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>();
-    mOutput->injectOutputLayerForTest(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>(outputLayer));
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest, doesNothingIfOutputNotEnabled) {
+    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = false;
 
-    EXPECT_CALL(*outputLayer, updateCompositionState(true, true)).Times(1);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*outputLayer, writeStateToHWC(true)).Times(1);
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs args;
+    mOutput->updateAndWriteCompositionState(args);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest, updatesLayerContentForAllLayers) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, updateCompositionState(false, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, writeStateToHWC(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, updateCompositionState(false, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, writeStateToHWC(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, updateCompositionState(false, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, writeStateToHWC(false));
+
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = true;
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs args;
+    args.updatingGeometryThisFrame = false;
+    args.devOptForceClientComposition = false;
+    mOutput->updateAndWriteCompositionState(args);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest, updatesLayerGeometryAndContentForAllLayers) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, updateCompositionState(true, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, writeStateToHWC(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, updateCompositionState(true, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, writeStateToHWC(true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, updateCompositionState(true, false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, writeStateToHWC(true));
+
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = true;
 
     CompositionRefreshArgs args;
     args.updatingGeometryThisFrame = true;
+    args.devOptForceClientComposition = false;
+    mOutput->updateAndWriteCompositionState(args);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateAndWriteCompositionStateTest, forcesClientCompositionForAllLayers) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, updateCompositionState(false, true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer1, writeStateToHWC(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, updateCompositionState(false, true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer2, writeStateToHWC(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, updateCompositionState(false, true));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mOutputLayer3, writeStateToHWC(false));
+
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer1));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer2));
+    injectLayer(std::move(mOutputLayer3));
+
+    mOutput->editState().isEnabled = true;
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs args;
+    args.updatingGeometryThisFrame = false;
     args.devOptForceClientComposition = true;
     mOutput->updateAndWriteCompositionState(args);
 }
@@ -512,33 +752,10 @@
  */
 
 struct OutputPrepareFrameTest : public testing::Test {
-    struct OutputPartialMock : public impl::Output {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
         // Sets up the helper functions called by prepareFrame to use a mock
         // implementations.
         MOCK_METHOD0(chooseCompositionStrategy, void());
-
-        // compositionengine::Output overrides
-        const OutputCompositionState& getState() const override { return mState; }
-        OutputCompositionState& editState() override { return mState; }
-
-        // These need implementations though are not expected to be called.
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getOutputLayerCount, size_t());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex,
-                           compositionengine::OutputLayer*(size_t));
-        MOCK_METHOD3(ensureOutputLayer,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             std::optional<size_t>,
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD0(finalizePendingOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_METHOD0(clearOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(dumpState, void(std::string&));
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getCompositionEngine, const CompositionEngine&());
-        MOCK_METHOD2(injectOutputLayerForTest,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD1(injectOutputLayerForTest, void(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>));
-
-        impl::OutputCompositionState mState;
     };
 
     OutputPrepareFrameTest() {
@@ -586,6 +803,1235 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Output::present()
+ */
+
+struct OutputPresentTest : public testing::Test {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // All child helper functions Output::present() are defined as mocks,
+        // and those are tested separately, allowing the present() test to
+        // just cover the high level flow.
+        MOCK_METHOD1(updateColorProfile, void(const compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs&));
+        MOCK_METHOD1(updateAndWriteCompositionState,
+                     void(const compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs&));
+        MOCK_METHOD1(setColorTransform, void(const compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs&));
+        MOCK_METHOD0(beginFrame, void());
+        MOCK_METHOD0(prepareFrame, void());
+        MOCK_METHOD1(devOptRepaintFlash, void(const compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs&));
+        MOCK_METHOD1(finishFrame, void(const compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs&));
+        MOCK_METHOD0(postFramebuffer, void());
+    };
+
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputPresentTest, justInvokesChildFunctionsInSequence) {
+    CompositionRefreshArgs args;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, updateColorProfile(Ref(args)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, updateAndWriteCompositionState(Ref(args)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, setColorTransform(Ref(args)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, beginFrame());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, prepareFrame());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, devOptRepaintFlash(Ref(args)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, finishFrame(Ref(args)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, postFramebuffer());
+
+    mOutput.present(args);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output::updateColorProfile()
+ */
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest : public testing::Test {
+    using TestType = OutputUpdateColorProfileTest;
+
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // All child helper functions Output::present() are defined as mocks,
+        // and those are tested separately, allowing the present() test to
+        // just cover the high level flow.
+        MOCK_METHOD1(setColorProfile, void(const ColorProfile&));
+    };
+
+    struct Layer {
+        Layer() {
+            EXPECT_CALL(mOutputLayer, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayer));
+            EXPECT_CALL(mOutputLayer, getLayerFE()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayerFE));
+            EXPECT_CALL(mLayer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(mLayerFEState));
+        }
+
+        StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer> mOutputLayer;
+        StrictMock<mock::Layer> mLayer;
+        StrictMock<mock::LayerFE> mLayerFE;
+        LayerFECompositionState mLayerFEState;
+    };
+
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest() {
+        mOutput.setDisplayColorProfileForTest(
+                std::unique_ptr<DisplayColorProfile>(mDisplayColorProfile));
+        mOutput.setRenderSurfaceForTest(std::unique_ptr<RenderSurface>(mRenderSurface));
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(0))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer1.mOutputLayer));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(1))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer2.mOutputLayer));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(2))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer3.mOutputLayer));
+    }
+
+    struct ExecuteState : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ExecuteState> {
+        void execute() { getInstance()->mOutput.updateColorProfile(getInstance()->mRefreshArgs); }
+    };
+
+    mock::DisplayColorProfile* mDisplayColorProfile = new StrictMock<mock::DisplayColorProfile>();
+    mock::RenderSurface* mRenderSurface = new StrictMock<mock::RenderSurface>();
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+
+    Layer mLayer1;
+    Layer mLayer2;
+    Layer mLayer3;
+
+    CompositionRefreshArgs mRefreshArgs;
+};
+
+// TODO(b/144522012): Refactor Output::updateColorProfile and the related code
+// to make it easier to write unit tests.
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest, setsAColorProfileWhenUnmanaged) {
+    // When the outputColorSetting is set to kUnmanaged, the implementation sets
+    // a simple default color profile without looking at anything else.
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(3));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput,
+                setColorProfile(ColorProfileEq(
+                        ColorProfile{ui::ColorMode::NATIVE, ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                                     ui::RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC, ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN})));
+
+    mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kUnmanaged;
+    mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+
+    mOutput.updateColorProfile(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_GetBestColorModeResultBecomesSetProfile
+      : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_GetBestColorModeResultBecomesSetProfile() {
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+        mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
+    struct ExpectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfileState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<
+                    TestType, ExpectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfileState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto expectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfile(
+                ui::ColorMode colorMode, ui::Dataspace dataspace, ui::RenderIntent renderIntent) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile,
+                        getBestColorMode(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB, ui::RenderIntent::ENHANCE, _, _,
+                                         _))
+                    .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<2>(dataspace), SetArgPointee<3>(colorMode),
+                                    SetArgPointee<4>(renderIntent)));
+            EXPECT_CALL(getInstance()->mOutput,
+                        setColorProfile(
+                                ColorProfileEq(ColorProfile{colorMode, dataspace, renderIntent,
+                                                            ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN})));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Call this member function to start using the mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() {
+        return ExpectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfileState::make(this);
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_GetBestColorModeResultBecomesSetProfile,
+       Native_Unknown_Colorimetric_Set) {
+    verify().expectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfile(ui::ColorMode::NATIVE,
+                                                                ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                                                                ui::RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_GetBestColorModeResultBecomesSetProfile,
+       DisplayP3_DisplayP3_Enhance_Set) {
+    verify().expectBestColorModeCallResultUsedToSetColorProfile(ui::ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3,
+                                                                ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3,
+                                                                ui::RenderIntent::ENHANCE)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ColorSpaceAgnosticeDataspaceAffectsSetColorProfile
+      : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ColorSpaceAgnosticeDataspaceAffectsSetColorProfile() {
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(0));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mDisplayColorProfile,
+                    getBestColorMode(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB, ui::RenderIntent::ENHANCE, _, _, _))
+                .WillRepeatedly(DoAll(SetArgPointee<2>(ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN),
+                                      SetArgPointee<3>(ui::ColorMode::NATIVE),
+                                      SetArgPointee<4>(ui::RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)));
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+    }
+
+    struct IfColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetToState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetToState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetTo(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<ThenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<
+                    TestType, ThenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspace(
+                ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(getInstance()->mOutput,
+                        setColorProfile(ColorProfileEq(
+                                ColorProfile{ui::ColorMode::NATIVE, ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                                             ui::RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC, dataspace})));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Call this member function to start using the mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetToState::make(this); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ColorSpaceAgnosticeDataspaceAffectsSetColorProfile, DisplayP3) {
+    verify().ifColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetTo(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .thenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspace(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ColorSpaceAgnosticeDataspaceAffectsSetColorProfile, V0_SRGB) {
+    verify().ifColorSpaceAgnosticDataspaceSetTo(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB)
+            .thenExpectSetColorProfileCallUsesColorSpaceAgnosticDataspace(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference
+      : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    // Internally the implementation looks through the dataspaces of all the
+    // visible layers. The topmost one that also has an actual dataspace
+    // preference set is used to drive subsequent choices.
+
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference() {
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+        mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(3));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, setColorProfile(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return());
+    }
+
+    struct IfTopLayerDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfTopLayerDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer3.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<AndIfMiddleLayerDataspaceState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifTopLayerHasNoPreference() {
+            return ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfMiddleLayerDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndIfMiddleLayerDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfMiddleLayerIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer2.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference() {
+            return andIfMiddleLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfBottomLayerHasNoPreference() {
+            return andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile,
+                        getBestColorMode(dataspace, _, _, _, _));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Call this member function to start using the mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfTopLayerDataspaceState::make(this); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       noStrongLayerPrefenceUses_V0_SRGB) {
+    // If none of the layers indicate a preference, then V0_SRGB is the
+    // preferred choice (subject to additional checks).
+    verify().ifTopLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfBottomLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       ifTopmostUses_DisplayP3_Then_DisplayP3_Chosen) {
+    // If only the topmost layer has a preference, then that is what is chosen.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfBottomLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       ifMiddleUses_DisplayP3_Then_DisplayP3_Chosen) {
+    // If only the middle layer has a preference, that that is what is chosen.
+    verify().ifTopLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfMiddleLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .andIfBottomLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       ifBottomUses_DisplayP3_Then_DisplayP3_Chosen) {
+    // If only the middle layer has a preference, that that is what is chosen.
+    verify().ifTopLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       ifTopUses_DisplayBT2020_AndBottomUses_DisplayP3_Then_DisplayBT2020_Chosen) {
+    // If multiple layers have a preference, the topmost value is what is used.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020)
+            .andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_TopmostLayerPreferenceSetsOutputPreference,
+       ifTopUses_DisplayP3_AndBottomUses_V0_SRGB_Then_DisplayP3_Chosen) {
+    // If multiple layers have a preference, the topmost value is what is used.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .andIfMiddleLayerHasNoPreference()
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ForceOutputColorOverrides
+      : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    // If CompositionRefreshArgs::forceOutputColorMode is set to some specific
+    // values, it overrides the layer dataspace choice.
+
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ForceOutputColorOverrides() {
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+        mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+
+        mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020;
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, setColorProfile(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return());
+    }
+
+    struct IfForceOutputColorModeState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfForceOutputColorModeState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifForceOutputColorMode(ui::ColorMode colorMode) {
+            getInstance()->mRefreshArgs.forceOutputColorMode = colorMode;
+            return nextState<ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifNoOverride() { return ifForceOutputColorMode(ui::ColorMode::NATIVE); }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile,
+                        getBestColorMode(dataspace, _, _, _, _));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Call this member function to start using the mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfForceOutputColorModeState::make(this); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ForceOutputColorOverrides, NoOverride_DoesNotOverride) {
+    // By default the layer state is used to set the preferred dataspace
+    verify().ifNoOverride()
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ForceOutputColorOverrides, SRGB_Override_USES_V0_SRGB) {
+    // Setting ui::ColorMode::SRGB overrides it with ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB
+    verify().ifForceOutputColorMode(ui::ColorMode::SRGB)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_ForceOutputColorOverrides, DisplayP3_Override_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // Setting ui::ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3 overrides it with ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3
+    verify().ifForceOutputColorMode(ui::ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+// HDR output requires all layers to be compatible with the chosen HDR
+// dataspace, along with there being proper support.
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr() {
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+        mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(2));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, setColorProfile(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return());
+    }
+
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace kNonHdrDataspace = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace BT2020_PQ = ui::Dataspace::BT2020_PQ;
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace BT2020_HLG = ui::Dataspace::BT2020_HLG;
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace DISPLAY_P3 = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
+
+    struct IfTopLayerDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfTopLayerDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifTopLayerIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer2.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<AndTopLayerCompositionTypeState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifTopLayerIsNotHdr() { return ifTopLayerIs(kNonHdrDataspace); }
+    };
+
+    struct AndTopLayerCompositionTypeState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndTopLayerCompositionTypeState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andTopLayerIsREComposed(bool renderEngineComposed) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer2.mLayerFEState.forceClientComposition = renderEngineComposed;
+            return nextState<AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndIfBottomLayerDataspaceState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfBottomLayerIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<AndBottomLayerCompositionTypeState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfBottomLayerIsNotHdr() {
+            return andIfBottomLayerIs(kNonHdrDataspace);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndBottomLayerCompositionTypeState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndBottomLayerCompositionTypeState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andBottomLayerIsREComposed(bool renderEngineComposed) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer1.mLayerFEState.forceClientComposition = renderEngineComposed;
+            return nextState<AndIfHasLegacySupportState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfHasLegacySupportState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndIfHasLegacySupportState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfLegacySupportFor(ui::Dataspace dataspace, bool legacySupport) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile, hasLegacyHdrSupport(dataspace))
+                    .WillOnce(Return(legacySupport));
+            return nextState<ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile,
+                        getBestColorMode(dataspace, _, _, _, _));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Call this member function to start using the mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfTopLayerDataspaceState::make(this); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_PQ_HW_Uses_PQ) {
+    // If all layers use BT2020_PQ, and there are no other special conditions,
+    // BT2020_PQ is used.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_PQ_HW_IfPQHasLegacySupport_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if there is only legacy support for it.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, true)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_PQ_RE_Uses_PQ) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is still used if the bottom layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_RE_On_PQ_HW_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if the top layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_HLG_HW_Uses_PQ) {
+    // If there is mixed HLG/PQ use, and the topmost layer is PQ, then PQ is used if there
+    // are no other special conditions.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_HLG_HW_IfPQHasLegacySupport_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if there is only legacy support for it.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, true)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_HLG_RE_Uses_PQ) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is used if the bottom HLG layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_RE_On_HLG_HW_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if the top PQ layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_PQ_HW_Uses_PQ) {
+    // If there is mixed HLG/PQ use, and the topmost layer is HLG, then PQ is
+    // used if there are no other special conditions.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_PQ_HW_IfPQHasLegacySupport_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if there is only legacy support for it.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, true)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_PQ_RE_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is not used if the bottom PQ layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_RE_On_PQ_HW_Uses_PQ) {
+    // BT2020_PQ is still used if the top HLG layer is RenderEngine composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_HLG_HW_Uses_HLG) {
+    // If all layers use HLG then HLG is used if there are no other special
+    // conditions.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_HLG, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_HLG)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_HLG_HW_IfPQHasLegacySupport_Uses_DisplayP3) {
+    // BT2020_HLG is not used if there is legacy support for it.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_HLG, true)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(DISPLAY_P3)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_HLG_RE_Uses_HLG) {
+    // BT2020_HLG is used even if the bottom layer is client composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_HLG, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_HLG)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_RE_On_HLG_HW_Uses_HLG) {
+    // BT2020_HLG is used even if the top layer is client composed.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_HLG, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_HLG)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, PQ_HW_On_NonHdr_HW_Uses_PQ) {
+    // Even if there are non-HDR layers present, BT2020_PQ can still be used.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_PQ)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIsNotHdr()
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_PQ, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_PQ)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfileTest_Hdr, HLG_HW_On_NonHdr_RE_Uses_HLG) {
+    // If all layers use HLG then HLG is used if there are no other special
+    // conditions.
+    verify().ifTopLayerIs(BT2020_HLG)
+            .andTopLayerIsREComposed(false)
+            .andIfBottomLayerIsNotHdr()
+            .andBottomLayerIsREComposed(true)
+            .andIfLegacySupportFor(BT2020_HLG, false)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(BT2020_HLG)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+struct OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest
+      : public OutputUpdateColorProfileTest {
+    // The various values for CompositionRefreshArgs::outputColorSetting affect
+    // the chosen renderIntent, along with whether the preferred dataspace is an
+    // HDR dataspace or not.
+
+    OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest() {
+        mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced;
+        mRefreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+        mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::BT2020_PQ;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, setColorProfile(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return());
+        EXPECT_CALL(*mDisplayColorProfile, hasLegacyHdrSupport(ui::Dataspace::BT2020_PQ))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
+    }
+
+    // The tests here involve enough state and GMock setup that using a mini-DSL
+    // makes the tests much more readable, and allows the test to focus more on
+    // the intent than on some of the details.
+
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace kNonHdrDataspace = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
+    static constexpr ui::Dataspace kHdrDataspace = ui::Dataspace::BT2020_PQ;
+
+    struct IfDataspaceChosenState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfDataspaceChosenState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifDataspaceChosenIs(ui::Dataspace dataspace) {
+            getInstance()->mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace = dataspace;
+            return nextState<AndOutputColorSettingState>();
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifDataspaceChosenIsNonHdr() {
+            return ifDataspaceChosenIs(kNonHdrDataspace);
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifDataspaceChosenIsHdr() { return ifDataspaceChosenIs(kHdrDataspace); }
+    };
+
+    struct AndOutputColorSettingState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndOutputColorSettingState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andOutputColorSettingIs(OutputColorSetting setting) {
+            getInstance()->mRefreshArgs.outputColorSetting = setting;
+            return nextState<ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ThenExpectBestColorModeCallUsesState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::RenderIntent intent) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mDisplayColorProfile,
+                        getBestColorMode(getInstance()->mLayer1.mLayerFEState.dataspace, intent, _,
+                                         _, _));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Tests call one of these two helper member functions to start using the
+    // mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfDataspaceChosenState::make(this); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest,
+       Managed_NonHdr_Prefers_Colorimetric) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsNonHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(OutputColorSetting::kManaged)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest,
+       Managed_Hdr_Prefers_ToneMapColorimetric) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(OutputColorSetting::kManaged)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::RenderIntent::TONE_MAP_COLORIMETRIC)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest, Enhanced_NonHdr_Prefers_Enhance) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsNonHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::RenderIntent::ENHANCE)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest,
+       Enhanced_Hdr_Prefers_ToneMapEnhance) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(OutputColorSetting::kEnhanced)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(ui::RenderIntent::TONE_MAP_ENHANCE)
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest, Vendor_NonHdr_Prefers_Vendor) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsNonHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(kVendorSpecifiedOutputColorSetting)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(
+                    static_cast<ui::RenderIntent>(kVendorSpecifiedOutputColorSetting))
+            .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputUpdateColorProfile_AffectsChosenRenderIntentTest, Vendor_Hdr_Prefers_Vendor) {
+    verify().ifDataspaceChosenIsHdr()
+            .andOutputColorSettingIs(kVendorSpecifiedOutputColorSetting)
+            .thenExpectBestColorModeCallUses(
+                    static_cast<ui::RenderIntent>(kVendorSpecifiedOutputColorSetting))
+            .execute();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output::beginFrame()
+ */
+
+struct OutputBeginFrameTest : public ::testing::Test {
+    using TestType = OutputBeginFrameTest;
+
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // Sets up the helper functions called by begiNFrame to use a mock
+        // implementations.
+        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getDirtyRegion, Region(bool));
+    };
+
+    OutputBeginFrameTest() {
+        mOutput.setDisplayColorProfileForTest(
+                std::unique_ptr<DisplayColorProfile>(mDisplayColorProfile));
+        mOutput.setRenderSurfaceForTest(std::unique_ptr<RenderSurface>(mRenderSurface));
+    }
+
+    struct IfGetDirtyRegionExpectationState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, IfGetDirtyRegionExpectationState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(Region dirtyRegion) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(getInstance()->mOutput, getDirtyRegion(false))
+                    .WillOnce(Return(dirtyRegion));
+            return nextState<AndIfGetOutputLayerCountExpectationState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfGetOutputLayerCountExpectationState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, AndIfGetOutputLayerCountExpectationState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(size_t layerCount) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(getInstance()->mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillOnce(Return(layerCount));
+            return nextState<AndIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct AndIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType,
+                                               AndIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(bool hadOutputLayers) {
+            getInstance()->mOutput.mState.lastCompositionHadVisibleLayers = hadOutputLayers;
+            return nextState<ThenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCallState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ThenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCallState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType,
+                                               ThenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCallState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(bool mustRecompose) {
+            EXPECT_CALL(*getInstance()->mRenderSurface, beginFrame(mustRecompose));
+            return nextState<ExecuteState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct ExecuteState : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, ExecuteState> {
+        [[nodiscard]] auto execute() {
+            getInstance()->mOutput.beginFrame();
+            return nextState<CheckPostconditionHadVisibleLayersState>();
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct CheckPostconditionHadVisibleLayersState
+          : public CallOrderStateMachineHelper<TestType, CheckPostconditionHadVisibleLayersState> {
+        void checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(bool expected) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(expected, getInstance()->mOutput.mState.lastCompositionHadVisibleLayers);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Tests call one of these two helper member functions to start using the
+    // mini-DSL defined above.
+    [[nodiscard]] auto verify() { return IfGetDirtyRegionExpectationState::make(this); }
+
+    static const Region kEmptyRegion;
+    static const Region kNotEmptyRegion;
+
+    mock::DisplayColorProfile* mDisplayColorProfile = new StrictMock<mock::DisplayColorProfile>();
+    mock::RenderSurface* mRenderSurface = new StrictMock<mock::RenderSurface>();
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+};
+
+const Region OutputBeginFrameTest::kEmptyRegion{Rect{0, 0, 0, 0}};
+const Region OutputBeginFrameTest::kNotEmptyRegion{Rect{0, 0, 1, 1}};
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, hasDirtyHasLayersHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kNotEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(1u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(true)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(true)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, hasDirtyNotHasLayersHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kNotEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(0u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(true)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(true)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, hasDirtyHasLayersNotHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kNotEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(1u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(false)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(true)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, hasDirtyNotHasLayersNotHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kNotEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(0u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(false)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(false)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, notHasDirtyHasLayersHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(1u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(true)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(false)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, notHasDirtyNotHasLayersHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(0u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(true)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(false)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, notHasDirtyHasLayersNotHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(1u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(false)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(false)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputBeginFrameTest, notHasDirtyNotHasLayersNotHadLayersLastFrame) {
+    verify().ifGetDirtyRegionReturns(kEmptyRegion)
+            .andIfGetOutputLayerCountReturns(0u)
+            .andIfLastCompositionHadVisibleLayersIs(false)
+            .thenExpectRenderSurfaceBeginFrameCall(false)
+            .execute()
+            .checkPostconditionHadVisibleLayers(false);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output::devOptRepaintFlash()
+ */
+
+struct OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest : public testing::Test {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // Sets up the helper functions called by composeSurfaces to use a mock
+        // implementations.
+        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getDirtyRegion, Region(bool));
+        MOCK_METHOD1(composeSurfaces, std::optional<base::unique_fd>(const Region&));
+        MOCK_METHOD0(postFramebuffer, void());
+        MOCK_METHOD0(prepareFrame, void());
+    };
+
+    OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest() {
+        mOutput.setDisplayColorProfileForTest(
+                std::unique_ptr<DisplayColorProfile>(mDisplayColorProfile));
+        mOutput.setRenderSurfaceForTest(std::unique_ptr<RenderSurface>(mRenderSurface));
+    }
+
+    static const Region kEmptyRegion;
+    static const Region kNotEmptyRegion;
+
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+    mock::DisplayColorProfile* mDisplayColorProfile = new StrictMock<mock::DisplayColorProfile>();
+    mock::RenderSurface* mRenderSurface = new StrictMock<mock::RenderSurface>();
+    CompositionRefreshArgs mRefreshArgs;
+};
+
+const Region OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest::kEmptyRegion{Rect{0, 0, 0, 0}};
+const Region OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest::kNotEmptyRegion{Rect{0, 0, 1, 1}};
+
+TEST_F(OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest, doesNothingIfFlashDelayNotSet) {
+    mRefreshArgs.devOptFlashDirtyRegionsDelay = {};
+    mRefreshArgs.repaintEverything = true;
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    mOutput.devOptRepaintFlash(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest, postsAndPreparesANewFrameIfNotEnabled) {
+    mRefreshArgs.devOptFlashDirtyRegionsDelay = std::chrono::microseconds(1);
+    mRefreshArgs.repaintEverything = true;
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = false;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, postFramebuffer());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, prepareFrame());
+
+    mOutput.devOptRepaintFlash(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest, postsAndPreparesANewFrameIfNotDirty) {
+    mRefreshArgs.devOptFlashDirtyRegionsDelay = std::chrono::microseconds(1);
+    mRefreshArgs.repaintEverything = true;
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getDirtyRegion(true)).WillOnce(Return(kEmptyRegion));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, postFramebuffer());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, prepareFrame());
+
+    mOutput.devOptRepaintFlash(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputDevOptRepaintFlashTest, alsoComposesSurfacesAndQueuesABufferIfDirty) {
+    mRefreshArgs.devOptFlashDirtyRegionsDelay = std::chrono::microseconds(1);
+    mRefreshArgs.repaintEverything = false;
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getDirtyRegion(false)).WillOnce(Return(kNotEmptyRegion));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, composeSurfaces(RegionEq(kNotEmptyRegion)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, queueBuffer(_));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, postFramebuffer());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, prepareFrame());
+
+    mOutput.devOptRepaintFlash(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+// TODO(b/144060211) - Add coverage
+
+/*
+ * Output::finishFrame()
+ */
+
+struct OutputFinishFrameTest : public testing::Test {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // Sets up the helper functions called by composeSurfaces to use a mock
+        // implementations.
+        MOCK_METHOD1(composeSurfaces, std::optional<base::unique_fd>(const Region&));
+        MOCK_METHOD0(postFramebuffer, void());
+    };
+
+    OutputFinishFrameTest() {
+        mOutput.setDisplayColorProfileForTest(
+                std::unique_ptr<DisplayColorProfile>(mDisplayColorProfile));
+        mOutput.setRenderSurfaceForTest(std::unique_ptr<RenderSurface>(mRenderSurface));
+    }
+
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+    mock::DisplayColorProfile* mDisplayColorProfile = new StrictMock<mock::DisplayColorProfile>();
+    mock::RenderSurface* mRenderSurface = new StrictMock<mock::RenderSurface>();
+    CompositionRefreshArgs mRefreshArgs;
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputFinishFrameTest, ifNotEnabledDoesNothing) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = false;
+
+    mOutput.finishFrame(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputFinishFrameTest, takesEarlyOutifComposeSurfacesReturnsNoFence) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, composeSurfaces(RegionEq(Region::INVALID_REGION)));
+
+    mOutput.finishFrame(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputFinishFrameTest, queuesBufferIfComposeSurfacesReturnsAFence) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    InSequence seq;
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, composeSurfaces(RegionEq(Region::INVALID_REGION)))
+            .WillOnce(Return(ByMove(base::unique_fd())));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, queueBuffer(_));
+
+    mOutput.finishFrame(mRefreshArgs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output::postFramebuffer()
+ */
+
+struct OutputPostFramebufferTest : public testing::Test {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
+        // Sets up the helper functions called by composeSurfaces to use a mock
+        // implementations.
+        MOCK_METHOD0(presentAndGetFrameFences, compositionengine::Output::FrameFences());
+    };
+
+    struct Layer {
+        Layer() {
+            EXPECT_CALL(outputLayer, getLayerFE()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(layerFE));
+            EXPECT_CALL(outputLayer, getHwcLayer()).WillRepeatedly(Return(&hwc2Layer));
+        }
+
+        StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer> outputLayer;
+        StrictMock<mock::LayerFE> layerFE;
+        StrictMock<HWC2::mock::Layer> hwc2Layer;
+    };
+
+    OutputPostFramebufferTest() {
+        mOutput.setDisplayColorProfileForTest(
+                std::unique_ptr<DisplayColorProfile>(mDisplayColorProfile));
+        mOutput.setRenderSurfaceForTest(std::unique_ptr<RenderSurface>(mRenderSurface));
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(3u));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(0u))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer1.outputLayer));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(1u))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer2.outputLayer));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(2u))
+                .WillRepeatedly(Return(&mLayer3.outputLayer));
+    }
+
+    StrictMock<OutputPartialMock> mOutput;
+    mock::DisplayColorProfile* mDisplayColorProfile = new StrictMock<mock::DisplayColorProfile>();
+    mock::RenderSurface* mRenderSurface = new StrictMock<mock::RenderSurface>();
+
+    Layer mLayer1;
+    Layer mLayer2;
+    Layer mLayer3;
+};
+
+TEST_F(OutputPostFramebufferTest, ifNotEnabledDoesNothing) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = false;
+
+    mOutput.postFramebuffer();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputPostFramebufferTest, ifEnabledMustFlipThenPresentThenSendPresentCompleted) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    compositionengine::Output::FrameFences frameFences;
+
+    // This should happen even if there are no output layers.
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillOnce(Return(0u));
+
+    // For this test in particular we want to make sure the call expectations
+    // setup below are satisfied in the specific order.
+    InSequence seq;
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, flip());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, presentAndGetFrameFences()).WillOnce(Return(frameFences));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, onPresentDisplayCompleted());
+
+    mOutput.postFramebuffer();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputPostFramebufferTest, releaseFencesAreSentToLayerFE) {
+    // Simulate getting release fences from each layer, and ensure they are passed to the
+    // front-end layer interface for each layer correctly.
+
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+
+    // Create three unique fence instances
+    sp<Fence> layer1Fence = new Fence();
+    sp<Fence> layer2Fence = new Fence();
+    sp<Fence> layer3Fence = new Fence();
+
+    compositionengine::Output::FrameFences frameFences;
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer1.hwc2Layer, layer1Fence);
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer2.hwc2Layer, layer2Fence);
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer3.hwc2Layer, layer3Fence);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, flip());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, presentAndGetFrameFences()).WillOnce(Return(frameFences));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, onPresentDisplayCompleted());
+
+    // Compare the pointers values of each fence to make sure the correct ones
+    // are passed. This happens to work with the current implementation, but
+    // would not survive certain calls like Fence::merge() which would return a
+    // new instance.
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer1.layerFE,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(layer1Fence.get()))));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer2.layerFE,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(layer2Fence.get()))));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer3.layerFE,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(layer3Fence.get()))));
+
+    mOutput.postFramebuffer();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputPostFramebufferTest, releaseFencesIncludeClientTargetAcquireFence) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+    mOutput.mState.usesClientComposition = true;
+
+    sp<Fence> clientTargetAcquireFence = new Fence();
+    sp<Fence> layer1Fence = new Fence();
+    sp<Fence> layer2Fence = new Fence();
+    sp<Fence> layer3Fence = new Fence();
+    compositionengine::Output::FrameFences frameFences;
+    frameFences.clientTargetAcquireFence = clientTargetAcquireFence;
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer1.hwc2Layer, layer1Fence);
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer2.hwc2Layer, layer2Fence);
+    frameFences.layerFences.emplace(&mLayer3.hwc2Layer, layer3Fence);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, flip());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, presentAndGetFrameFences()).WillOnce(Return(frameFences));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, onPresentDisplayCompleted());
+
+    // Fence::merge is called, and since none of the fences are actually valid,
+    // Fence::NO_FENCE is returned and passed to each onLayerDisplayed() call.
+    // This is the best we can do without creating a real kernel fence object.
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer1.layerFE, onLayerDisplayed(Fence::NO_FENCE));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer2.layerFE, onLayerDisplayed(Fence::NO_FENCE));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mLayer3.layerFE, onLayerDisplayed(Fence::NO_FENCE));
+
+    mOutput.postFramebuffer();
+}
+
+TEST_F(OutputPostFramebufferTest, releasedLayersSentPresentFence) {
+    mOutput.mState.isEnabled = true;
+    mOutput.mState.usesClientComposition = true;
+
+    // This should happen even if there are no (current) output layers.
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillOnce(Return(0u));
+
+    // Load up the released layers with some mock instances
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer1{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer2{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer3{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    Output::ReleasedLayers layers;
+    layers.push_back(releasedLayer1);
+    layers.push_back(releasedLayer2);
+    layers.push_back(releasedLayer3);
+    mOutput.setReleasedLayers(std::move(layers));
+
+    // Set up a fake present fence
+    sp<Fence> presentFence = new Fence();
+    compositionengine::Output::FrameFences frameFences;
+    frameFences.presentFence = presentFence;
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, flip());
+    EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, presentAndGetFrameFences()).WillOnce(Return(frameFences));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, onPresentDisplayCompleted());
+
+    // Each released layer should be given the presentFence.
+    EXPECT_CALL(*releasedLayer1,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(presentFence.get()))));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*releasedLayer2,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(presentFence.get()))));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*releasedLayer3,
+                onLayerDisplayed(Property(&sp<Fence>::get, Eq(presentFence.get()))));
+
+    mOutput.postFramebuffer();
+
+    // After the call the list of released layers should have been cleared.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mOutput.getReleasedLayersForTest().empty());
+}
+
+/*
  * Output::composeSurfaces()
  */
 
@@ -598,7 +2044,7 @@
     static const Rect kDefaultOutputScissor;
     static const mat4 kDefaultColorTransformMat;
 
-    struct OutputPartialMock : public impl::Output {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
         // Sets up the helper functions called by composeSurfaces to use a mock
         // implementations.
         MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getSkipColorTransform, bool());
@@ -607,29 +2053,6 @@
         MOCK_METHOD2(appendRegionFlashRequests,
                      void(const Region&, std::vector<renderengine::LayerSettings>&));
         MOCK_METHOD1(setExpensiveRenderingExpected, void(bool));
-
-        // compositionengine::Output overrides
-        const OutputCompositionState& getState() const override { return mState; }
-        OutputCompositionState& editState() override { return mState; }
-
-        // These need implementations though are not expected to be called.
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getOutputLayerCount, size_t());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex,
-                           compositionengine::OutputLayer*(size_t));
-        MOCK_METHOD3(ensureOutputLayer,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             std::optional<size_t>,
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD0(finalizePendingOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_METHOD0(clearOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(dumpState, void(std::string&));
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getCompositionEngine, const CompositionEngine&());
-        MOCK_METHOD2(injectOutputLayerForTest,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD1(injectOutputLayerForTest, void(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>));
-
-        impl::OutputCompositionState mState;
     };
 
     OutputComposeSurfacesTest() {
@@ -718,36 +2141,13 @@
  */
 
 struct GenerateClientCompositionRequestsTest : public testing::Test {
-    struct OutputPartialMock : public impl::Output {
+    struct OutputPartialMock : public OutputPartialMockBase {
         // compositionengine::Output overrides
-
         std::vector<renderengine::LayerSettings> generateClientCompositionRequests(
                 bool supportsProtectedContent, Region& clearRegion) override {
             return impl::Output::generateClientCompositionRequests(supportsProtectedContent,
                                                                    clearRegion);
         }
-
-        const OutputCompositionState& getState() const override { return mState; }
-        OutputCompositionState& editState() override { return mState; }
-
-        // These need implementations though are not expected to be called.
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getOutputLayerCount, size_t());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex,
-                           compositionengine::OutputLayer*(size_t));
-        MOCK_METHOD3(ensureOutputLayer,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             std::optional<size_t>,
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD0(finalizePendingOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_METHOD0(clearOutputLayers, void());
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(dumpState, void(std::string&));
-        MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getCompositionEngine, const CompositionEngine&());
-        MOCK_METHOD2(injectOutputLayerForTest,
-                     compositionengine::OutputLayer*(
-                             const std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer>&, const sp<LayerFE>&));
-        MOCK_METHOD1(injectOutputLayerForTest, void(std::unique_ptr<OutputLayer>));
-
-        impl::OutputCompositionState mState;
     };
 
     GenerateClientCompositionRequestsTest() {
@@ -805,6 +2205,7 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(leftOutputLayer, needsFiltering()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(leftLayer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(leftLayerFEState));
     EXPECT_CALL(leftLayerFE, prepareClientComposition(_)).WillOnce(Return(leftLayerRESettings));
+    EXPECT_CALL(leftOutputLayer, editState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(leftOutputLayerState));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, getState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightOutputLayerState));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightLayer));
@@ -813,6 +2214,7 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, needsFiltering()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightLayer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightLayerFEState));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightLayerFE, prepareClientComposition(_)).WillOnce(Return(rightLayerRESettings));
+    EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, editState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightOutputLayerState));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(2u));
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(0u))
@@ -865,6 +2267,7 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(outputLayer, needsFiltering()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(layer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(layerFEState));
     EXPECT_CALL(layerFE, prepareClientComposition(_)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(outputLayer, editState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(outputLayerState));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(1u));
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(0u)).WillRepeatedly(Return(&outputLayer));
@@ -930,6 +2333,7 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(leftOutputLayer, requiresClientComposition()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(leftOutputLayer, needsFiltering()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(leftLayer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(leftLayerFEState));
+    EXPECT_CALL(leftOutputLayer, editState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(leftOutputLayerState));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, getState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightOutputLayerState));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, getLayer()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightLayer));
@@ -938,6 +2342,7 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, needsFiltering()).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightLayer, getFEState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightLayerFEState));
     EXPECT_CALL(rightLayerFE, prepareClientComposition(_)).WillOnce(Return(rightLayerRESettings));
+    EXPECT_CALL(rightOutputLayer, editState()).WillRepeatedly(ReturnRef(rightOutputLayerState));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillRepeatedly(Return(2u));
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerOrderedByZByIndex(0u))
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.cpp
index aef1c75..dc71128 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.cpp
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
 
 // assume NO_RESOURCES when Status::isOk returns false
 constexpr Error kDefaultError = Error::NO_RESOURCES;
-constexpr V2_4::Error kDefaultError_2_4 = V2_4::Error::NO_RESOURCES;
+constexpr V2_4::Error kDefaultError_2_4 = static_cast<V2_4::Error>(kDefaultError);
 
 template<typename T, typename U>
 T unwrapRet(Return<T>& ret, const U& default_val)
@@ -247,7 +247,12 @@
 void Composer::registerCallback(const sp<IComposerCallback>& callback)
 {
     android::hardware::setMinSchedulerPolicy(callback, SCHED_FIFO, 2);
-    auto ret = mClient->registerCallback(callback);
+    auto ret = [&]() {
+        if (mClient_2_4) {
+            return mClient_2_4->registerCallback_2_4(callback);
+        }
+        return mClient->registerCallback(callback);
+    }();
     if (!ret.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("failed to register IComposerCallback");
     }
@@ -413,15 +418,28 @@
         IComposerClient::Attribute attribute, int32_t* outValue)
 {
     Error error = kDefaultError;
-    mClient->getDisplayAttribute(display, config, attribute,
-            [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpValue) {
-                error = tmpError;
-                if (error != Error::NONE) {
-                    return;
-                }
+    if (mClient_2_4) {
+        mClient_2_4->getDisplayAttribute_2_4(display, config, attribute,
+                                             [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpValue) {
+                                                 error = static_cast<Error>(tmpError);
+                                                 if (error != Error::NONE) {
+                                                     return;
+                                                 }
 
-                *outValue = tmpValue;
-            });
+                                                 *outValue = tmpValue;
+                                             });
+    } else {
+        mClient->getDisplayAttribute(display, config,
+                                     static_cast<V2_1::IComposerClient::Attribute>(attribute),
+                                     [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpValue) {
+                                         error = tmpError;
+                                         if (error != Error::NONE) {
+                                             return;
+                                         }
+
+                                         *outValue = tmpValue;
+                                     });
+    }
 
     return error;
 }
@@ -1200,13 +1218,14 @@
     return static_cast<Error>(error);
 }
 
-Error Composer::getDisplayConnectionType(Display display,
-                                         IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) {
+V2_4::Error Composer::getDisplayConnectionType(Display display,
+                                               IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) {
+    using Error = V2_4::Error;
     if (!mClient_2_4) {
         return Error::UNSUPPORTED;
     }
 
-    V2_4::Error error = kDefaultError_2_4;
+    Error error = kDefaultError_2_4;
     mClient_2_4->getDisplayConnectionType(display, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpType) {
         error = tmpError;
         if (error != V2_4::Error::NONE) {
@@ -1216,7 +1235,50 @@
         *outType = tmpType;
     });
 
-    return static_cast<V2_1::Error>(error);
+    return error;
+}
+
+V2_4::Error Composer::getDisplayVsyncPeriod(Display display, VsyncPeriodNanos* outVsyncPeriod) {
+    using Error = V2_4::Error;
+    if (!mClient_2_4) {
+        return Error::UNSUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    Error error = kDefaultError_2_4;
+    mClient_2_4->getDisplayVsyncPeriod(display,
+                                       [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpVsyncPeriod) {
+                                           error = tmpError;
+                                           if (error != Error::NONE) {
+                                               return;
+                                           }
+
+                                           *outVsyncPeriod = tmpVsyncPeriod;
+                                       });
+
+    return error;
+}
+
+V2_4::Error Composer::setActiveConfigWithConstraints(
+        Display display, Config config,
+        const IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& vsyncPeriodChangeConstraints,
+        VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) {
+    using Error = V2_4::Error;
+    if (!mClient_2_4) {
+        return Error::UNSUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    Error error = kDefaultError_2_4;
+    mClient_2_4->setActiveConfigWithConstraints(display, config, vsyncPeriodChangeConstraints,
+                                                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpTimeline) {
+                                                    error = tmpError;
+                                                    if (error != Error::NONE) {
+                                                        return;
+                                                    }
+
+                                                    *outTimeline = tmpTimeline;
+                                                });
+
+    return error;
 }
 
 CommandReader::~CommandReader()
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.h b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.h
index e743e59..336fdd8 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.h
@@ -62,12 +62,14 @@
 using V2_1::Config;
 using V2_1::Display;
 using V2_1::Error;
-using V2_1::IComposerCallback;
 using V2_1::Layer;
 using V2_3::CommandReaderBase;
 using V2_3::CommandWriterBase;
 using V2_4::IComposer;
+using V2_4::IComposerCallback;
 using V2_4::IComposerClient;
+using V2_4::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline;
+using V2_4::VsyncPeriodNanos;
 using DisplayCapability = IComposerClient::DisplayCapability;
 using PerFrameMetadata = IComposerClient::PerFrameMetadata;
 using PerFrameMetadataKey = IComposerClient::PerFrameMetadataKey;
@@ -208,10 +210,17 @@
     virtual Error setDisplayBrightness(Display display, float brightness) = 0;
 
     // Composer HAL 2.4
+    virtual bool isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() = 0;
     virtual Error getDisplayCapabilities(Display display,
                                          std::vector<DisplayCapability>* outCapabilities) = 0;
-    virtual Error getDisplayConnectionType(Display display,
-                                           IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) = 0;
+    virtual V2_4::Error getDisplayConnectionType(
+            Display display, IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) = 0;
+    virtual V2_4::Error getDisplayVsyncPeriod(Display display,
+                                              VsyncPeriodNanos* outVsyncPeriod) = 0;
+    virtual V2_4::Error setActiveConfigWithConstraints(
+            Display display, Config config,
+            const IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& vsyncPeriodChangeConstraints,
+            VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) = 0;
 };
 
 namespace impl {
@@ -423,10 +432,16 @@
     Error setDisplayBrightness(Display display, float brightness) override;
 
     // Composer HAL 2.4
+    bool isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() override { return mClient_2_4 != nullptr; }
     Error getDisplayCapabilities(Display display,
                                  std::vector<DisplayCapability>* outCapabilities) override;
-    Error getDisplayConnectionType(Display display,
-                                   IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) override;
+    V2_4::Error getDisplayConnectionType(Display display,
+                                         IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType* outType) override;
+    V2_4::Error getDisplayVsyncPeriod(Display display, VsyncPeriodNanos* outVsyncPeriod) override;
+    V2_4::Error setActiveConfigWithConstraints(
+            Display display, Config config,
+            const IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& vsyncPeriodChangeConstraints,
+            VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) override;
 
 private:
 #if defined(USE_VR_COMPOSER) && USE_VR_COMPOSER
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
index 6f7428a..34254e0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
@@ -81,7 +81,26 @@
 
     Return<void> onVsync(Hwc2::Display display, int64_t timestamp) override
     {
-        mCallback->onVsyncReceived(mSequenceId, display, timestamp);
+        mCallback->onVsyncReceived(mSequenceId, display, timestamp, std::nullopt);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    Return<void> onVsync_2_4(Hwc2::Display display, int64_t timestamp,
+                             Hwc2::VsyncPeriodNanos vsyncPeriodNanos) override {
+        // TODO(b/140201379): use vsyncPeriodNanos in the new DispSync
+        mCallback->onVsyncReceived(mSequenceId, display, timestamp,
+                                   std::make_optional(vsyncPeriodNanos));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    Return<void> onVsyncPeriodTimingChanged(
+            Hwc2::Display display,
+            const Hwc2::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline& updatedTimeline) override {
+        hwc_vsync_period_change_timeline_t timeline;
+        timeline.newVsyncAppliedTimeNanos = updatedTimeline.newVsyncAppliedTimeNanos;
+        timeline.refreshRequired = updatedTimeline.refreshRequired;
+        timeline.refreshTimeNanos = updatedTimeline.refreshTimeNanos;
+        mCallback->onVsyncPeriodTimingChangedReceived(mSequenceId, display, timeline);
         return Void();
     }
 
@@ -330,6 +349,36 @@
     return Error::None;
 }
 
+bool Display::isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() const {
+    ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported()", mId);
+
+    return mComposer.isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported();
+}
+
+Error Display::getDisplayVsyncPeriod(nsecs_t* outVsyncPeriod) const {
+    ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] getDisplayVsyncPeriod", mId);
+
+    Error error;
+
+    if (isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported()) {
+        Hwc2::VsyncPeriodNanos vsyncPeriodNanos = 0;
+        auto intError = mComposer.getDisplayVsyncPeriod(mId, &vsyncPeriodNanos);
+        error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
+        *outVsyncPeriod = static_cast<nsecs_t>(vsyncPeriodNanos);
+    } else {
+        // Get the default vsync period
+        hwc2_config_t configId = 0;
+        auto intError_2_1 = mComposer.getActiveConfig(mId, &configId);
+        error = static_cast<Error>(intError_2_1);
+        if (error == Error::None) {
+            auto config = mConfigs.at(configId);
+            *outVsyncPeriod = config->getVsyncPeriod();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return error;
+}
+
 Error Display::getActiveConfigIndex(int* outIndex) const {
     ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] getActiveConfigIndex", mId);
     hwc2_config_t configId = 0;
@@ -345,6 +394,7 @@
     auto pos = mConfigs.find(configId);
     if (pos != mConfigs.end()) {
         *outIndex = std::distance(mConfigs.begin(), pos);
+        ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] index = %d", mId, *outIndex);
     } else {
         ALOGE("[%" PRIu64 "] getActiveConfig returned unknown config %u", mId, configId);
         // Return no error, but the caller needs to check for a negative index
@@ -582,6 +632,46 @@
     return Error::None;
 }
 
+Error Display::setActiveConfigWithConstraints(
+        const std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>& config,
+        const VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& constraints, VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) {
+    ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] setActiveConfigWithConstraints", mId);
+    if (config->getDisplayId() != mId) {
+        ALOGE("setActiveConfigWithConstraints received config %u for the wrong display %" PRIu64
+              " (expected %" PRIu64 ")",
+              config->getId(), config->getDisplayId(), mId);
+        return Error::BadConfig;
+    }
+
+    if (isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported()) {
+        Hwc2::IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints hwc2Constraints;
+        hwc2Constraints.desiredTimeNanos = constraints.desiredTimeNanos;
+        hwc2Constraints.seamlessRequired = constraints.seamlessRequired;
+
+        Hwc2::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline vsyncPeriodChangeTimeline = {};
+        auto intError =
+                mComposer.setActiveConfigWithConstraints(mId, config->getId(), hwc2Constraints,
+                                                         &vsyncPeriodChangeTimeline);
+        outTimeline->newVsyncAppliedTimeNanos = vsyncPeriodChangeTimeline.newVsyncAppliedTimeNanos;
+        outTimeline->refreshRequired = vsyncPeriodChangeTimeline.refreshRequired;
+        outTimeline->refreshTimeNanos = vsyncPeriodChangeTimeline.refreshTimeNanos;
+        return static_cast<Error>(intError);
+    }
+
+    // Use legacy setActiveConfig instead
+    ALOGV("fallback to legacy setActiveConfig");
+    const auto now = systemTime();
+    if (constraints.desiredTimeNanos > now || constraints.seamlessRequired) {
+        ALOGE("setActiveConfigWithConstraints received constraints that can't be satisfied");
+    }
+
+    auto intError_2_4 = mComposer.setActiveConfig(mId, config->getId());
+    outTimeline->newVsyncAppliedTimeNanos = std::max(now, constraints.desiredTimeNanos);
+    outTimeline->refreshRequired = true;
+    outTimeline->refreshTimeNanos = now;
+    return static_cast<Error>(intError_2_4);
+}
+
 Error Display::setActiveConfig(const std::shared_ptr<const Config>& config)
 {
     if (config->getDisplayId() != mId) {
@@ -742,12 +832,13 @@
     ALOGV("[%" PRIu64 "] loadConfig(%u)", mId, configId);
 
     auto config = Config::Builder(*this, configId)
-            .setWidth(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::Width))
-            .setHeight(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::Height))
-            .setVsyncPeriod(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::VsyncPeriod))
-            .setDpiX(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::DpiX))
-            .setDpiY(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::DpiY))
-            .build();
+                          .setWidth(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::Width))
+                          .setHeight(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::Height))
+                          .setVsyncPeriod(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::VsyncPeriod))
+                          .setDpiX(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::DpiX))
+                          .setDpiY(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::DpiY))
+                          .setConfigGroup(getAttribute(configId, Attribute::ConfigGroup))
+                          .build();
     mConfigs.emplace(configId, std::move(config));
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
index b7cdf7f..81ae3b6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.h
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "../Scheduler/StrongTyping.h"
+
 namespace android {
     struct DisplayedFrameStats;
     class Fence;
@@ -54,6 +56,8 @@
 
 class Display;
 class Layer;
+using VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints = hwc_vsync_period_change_constraints_t;
+using VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline = hwc_vsync_period_change_timeline_t;
 
 // Implement this interface to receive hardware composer events.
 //
@@ -70,8 +74,12 @@
                                    Connection connection) = 0;
     virtual void onRefreshReceived(int32_t sequenceId,
                                    hwc2_display_t display) = 0;
-    virtual void onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t display,
-                                 int64_t timestamp) = 0;
+    virtual void onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t display, int64_t timestamp,
+                                 std::optional<hwc2_vsync_period_t> vsyncPeriod) = 0;
+    virtual void onVsyncPeriodTimingChangedReceived(
+            int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t display,
+            const hwc_vsync_period_change_timeline_t& updatedTimeline) = 0;
+
     virtual ~ComposerCallback() = default;
 };
 
@@ -170,6 +178,10 @@
                 }
                 return *this;
             }
+            Builder& setConfigGroup(int32_t configGroup) {
+                mConfig->mConfigGroup = configGroup;
+                return *this;
+            }
 
         private:
             float getDefaultDensity();
@@ -184,6 +196,7 @@
         nsecs_t getVsyncPeriod() const { return mVsyncPeriod; }
         float getDpiX() const { return mDpiX; }
         float getDpiY() const { return mDpiY; }
+        int32_t getConfigGroup() const { return mConfigGroup; }
 
     private:
         Config(Display& display, hwc2_config_t id);
@@ -196,12 +209,14 @@
         nsecs_t mVsyncPeriod;
         float mDpiX;
         float mDpiY;
+        int32_t mConfigGroup;
     };
 
     virtual hwc2_display_t getId() const = 0;
     virtual bool isConnected() const = 0;
     virtual void setConnected(bool connected) = 0; // For use by Device only
     virtual const std::unordered_set<DisplayCapability>& getCapabilities() const = 0;
+    virtual bool isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() const = 0;
 
     [[clang::warn_unused_result]] virtual Error acceptChanges() = 0;
     [[clang::warn_unused_result]] virtual Error createLayer(Layer** outLayer) = 0;
@@ -264,6 +279,12 @@
             uint32_t* outNumTypes, uint32_t* outNumRequests,
             android::sp<android::Fence>* outPresentFence, uint32_t* state) = 0;
     [[clang::warn_unused_result]] virtual Error setDisplayBrightness(float brightness) const = 0;
+    [[clang::warn_unused_result]] virtual Error getDisplayVsyncPeriod(
+            nsecs_t* outVsyncPeriod) const = 0;
+    [[clang::warn_unused_result]] virtual Error setActiveConfigWithConstraints(
+            const std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>& config,
+            const VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& constraints,
+            VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) = 0;
 };
 
 namespace impl {
@@ -323,6 +344,10 @@
     Error presentOrValidate(uint32_t* outNumTypes, uint32_t* outNumRequests,
                             android::sp<android::Fence>* outPresentFence, uint32_t* state) override;
     Error setDisplayBrightness(float brightness) const override;
+    Error getDisplayVsyncPeriod(nsecs_t* outVsyncPeriod) const override;
+    Error setActiveConfigWithConstraints(const std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>& config,
+                                         const VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints& constraints,
+                                         VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* outTimeline) override;
 
     // Other Display methods
     hwc2_display_t getId() const override { return mId; }
@@ -331,6 +356,7 @@
     const std::unordered_set<DisplayCapability>& getCapabilities() const override {
         return mDisplayCapabilities;
     };
+    virtual bool isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported() const override;
 
 private:
     int32_t getAttribute(hwc2_config_t configId, Attribute attribute);
@@ -355,7 +381,9 @@
     bool mIsConnected;
     DisplayType mType;
     std::unordered_map<hwc2_layer_t, std::unique_ptr<Layer>> mLayers;
+
     std::unordered_map<hwc2_config_t, std::shared_ptr<const Config>> mConfigs;
+
     std::once_flag mDisplayCapabilityQueryFlag;
     std::unordered_set<DisplayCapability> mDisplayCapabilities;
 };
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.cpp
index 3a0408e..6f91843 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.cpp
@@ -44,52 +44,52 @@
     FrameTracerDataSource::Register(dsd);
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::traceNewLayer(int32_t layerID, const std::string& layerName) {
-    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerID, &layerName](FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext) {
-        if (mTraceTracker.find(layerID) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
+void FrameTracer::traceNewLayer(int32_t layerId, const std::string& layerName) {
+    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerId, &layerName](FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext) {
+        if (mTraceTracker.find(layerId) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mTraceMutex);
-            mTraceTracker[layerID].layerName = layerName;
+            mTraceTracker[layerId].layerName = layerName;
         }
     });
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::traceTimestamp(int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+void FrameTracer::traceTimestamp(int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                  nsecs_t timestamp, FrameEvent::BufferEventType type,
                                  nsecs_t duration) {
-    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type,
+    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type,
                                   duration](FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext ctx) {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mTraceMutex);
-        if (mTraceTracker.find(layerID) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
+        if (mTraceTracker.find(layerId) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
             return;
         }
 
         // Handle any pending fences for this buffer.
-        tracePendingFencesLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID);
+        tracePendingFencesLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID);
 
         // Complete current trace.
-        traceLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
+        traceLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
     });
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::traceFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+void FrameTracer::traceFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
                              const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& fence,
                              FrameEvent::BufferEventType type, nsecs_t startTime) {
-    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, &fence, type,
+    FrameTracerDataSource::Trace([this, layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, &fence, type,
                                   startTime](FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext ctx) {
         const nsecs_t signalTime = fence->getSignalTime();
         if (signalTime != Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_INVALID) {
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mTraceMutex);
-            if (mTraceTracker.find(layerID) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
+            if (mTraceTracker.find(layerId) == mTraceTracker.end()) {
                 return;
             }
 
             // Handle any pending fences for this buffer.
-            tracePendingFencesLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID);
+            tracePendingFencesLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID);
 
             if (signalTime != Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_PENDING) {
-                traceSpanLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, type, startTime, signalTime);
+                traceSpanLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, type, startTime, signalTime);
             } else {
-                mTraceTracker[layerID].pendingFences[bufferID].push_back(
+                mTraceTracker[layerId].pendingFences[bufferID].push_back(
                         {.frameNumber = frameNumber,
                          .type = type,
                          .fence = fence,
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@
 }
 
 void FrameTracer::tracePendingFencesLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx,
-                                           int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID) {
-    if (mTraceTracker[layerID].pendingFences.count(bufferID)) {
-        auto& pendingFences = mTraceTracker[layerID].pendingFences[bufferID];
+                                           int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID) {
+    if (mTraceTracker[layerId].pendingFences.count(bufferID)) {
+        auto& pendingFences = mTraceTracker[layerId].pendingFences[bufferID];
         for (size_t i = 0; i < pendingFences.size(); ++i) {
             auto& pendingFence = pendingFences[i];
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 
             if (signalTime != Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_INVALID &&
                 systemTime() - signalTime < kFenceSignallingDeadline) {
-                traceSpanLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID, pendingFence.frameNumber, pendingFence.type,
+                traceSpanLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID, pendingFence.frameNumber, pendingFence.type,
                                 pendingFence.startTime, signalTime);
             }
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::traceLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerID,
+void FrameTracer::traceLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerId,
                               uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
                               FrameEvent::BufferEventType type, nsecs_t duration) {
     auto packet = ctx.NewTracePacket();
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@
     }
     event->set_type(type);
 
-    if (mTraceTracker.find(layerID) != mTraceTracker.end() &&
-        !mTraceTracker[layerID].layerName.empty()) {
-        const std::string& layerName = mTraceTracker[layerID].layerName;
+    if (mTraceTracker.find(layerId) != mTraceTracker.end() &&
+        !mTraceTracker[layerId].layerName.empty()) {
+        const std::string& layerName = mTraceTracker[layerId].layerName;
         event->set_layer_name(layerName.c_str(), layerName.size());
     }
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::traceSpanLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerID,
+void FrameTracer::traceSpanLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerId,
                                   uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                   FrameEvent::BufferEventType type, nsecs_t startTime,
                                   nsecs_t endTime) {
@@ -159,12 +159,12 @@
         timestamp = startTime;
         duration = endTime - startTime;
     }
-    traceLocked(ctx, layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
+    traceLocked(ctx, layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
 }
 
-void FrameTracer::onDestroy(int32_t layerID) {
+void FrameTracer::onDestroy(int32_t layerId) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> traceLock(mTraceMutex);
-    mTraceTracker.erase(layerID);
+    mTraceTracker.erase(layerId);
 }
 
 std::string FrameTracer::miniDump() {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h
index e91a750..ef5df90 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h
@@ -47,21 +47,21 @@
     void registerDataSource();
     // Starts tracking a new layer for tracing. Needs to be called once before traceTimestamp() or
     // traceFence() for each layer.
-    void traceNewLayer(int32_t layerID, const std::string& layerName);
+    void traceNewLayer(int32_t layerId, const std::string& layerName);
     // Creates a trace point at the timestamp provided.
-    void traceTimestamp(int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
+    void traceTimestamp(int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
                         FrameEvent::BufferEventType type, nsecs_t duration = 0);
     // Creates a trace point after the provided fence has been signalled. If a startTime is provided
     // the trace will have be timestamped from startTime until fence signalling time. If no
     // startTime is provided, a durationless trace point will be created timestamped at fence
     // signalling time. If the fence hasn't signalled yet, the trace point will be created the next
     // time after signalling a trace call for this buffer occurs.
-    void traceFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+    void traceFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber,
                     const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& fence, FrameEvent::BufferEventType type,
                     nsecs_t startTime = 0);
 
     // Takes care of cleanup when a layer is destroyed.
-    void onDestroy(int32_t layerID);
+    void onDestroy(int32_t layerId);
 
     std::string miniDump();
 
@@ -88,15 +88,15 @@
 
     // Checks if any pending fences for a layer and buffer have signalled and, if they have, creates
     // trace points for them.
-    void tracePendingFencesLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerID,
+    void tracePendingFencesLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerId,
                                   uint64_t bufferID);
     // Creates a trace point by translating a start time and an end time to a timestamp and
     // duration. If startTime is later than end time it sets end time as the timestamp and the
     // duration to 0. Used by traceFence().
-    void traceSpanLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerID,
+    void traceSpanLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerId,
                          uint64_t bufferID, uint64_t frameNumber, FrameEvent::BufferEventType type,
                          nsecs_t startTime, nsecs_t endTime);
-    void traceLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerID, uint64_t bufferID,
+    void traceLocked(FrameTracerDataSource::TraceContext& ctx, int32_t layerId, uint64_t bufferID,
                      uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp, FrameEvent::BufferEventType type,
                      nsecs_t duration = 0);
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index 1d0ce10..ce9aab5 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -1360,9 +1360,9 @@
 void Layer::onDisconnect() {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mFrameEventHistoryMutex);
     mFrameEventHistory.onDisconnect();
-    const int32_t layerID = getSequence();
-    mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerID);
-    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+    const int32_t layerId = getSequence();
+    mFlinger->mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId);
+    mFlinger->mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
 }
 
 void Layer::addAndGetFrameTimestamps(const NewFrameEventsEntry* newTimestamps,
@@ -1370,6 +1370,8 @@
     if (newTimestamps) {
         mFlinger->mTimeStats->setPostTime(getSequence(), newTimestamps->frameNumber,
                                           getName().c_str(), newTimestamps->postedTime);
+        mFlinger->mTimeStats->setAcquireFence(getSequence(), newTimestamps->frameNumber,
+                                              newTimestamps->acquireFence);
     }
 
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mFrameEventHistoryMutex);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index 1388612..7abcd0f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
      * called after composition.
      * returns true if the layer latched a new buffer this frame.
      */
-    virtual bool onPostComposition(const std::optional<DisplayId>& /*displayId*/,
+    virtual bool onPostComposition(sp<const DisplayDevice> /*displayDevice*/,
                                    const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& /*glDoneFence*/,
                                    const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& /*presentFence*/,
                                    const CompositorTiming& /*compositorTiming*/) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dc98cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include "RefreshRateConfigs.h"
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+using RefreshRate = RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRate;
+using RefreshRateType = RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRateType;
+
+// Returns the refresh rate map. This map won't be modified at runtime, so it's safe to access
+// from multiple threads. This can only be called if refreshRateSwitching() returns true.
+// TODO(b/122916473): Get this information from configs prepared by vendors, instead of
+// baking them in.
+const std::map<RefreshRateType, RefreshRate>& RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateMap() const {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported);
+    return mRefreshRateMap;
+}
+
+const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateFromType(RefreshRateType type) const {
+    if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) {
+        return getCurrentRefreshRate().second;
+    } else {
+        auto refreshRate = mRefreshRateMap.find(type);
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(refreshRate == mRefreshRateMap.end());
+        return refreshRate->second;
+    }
+}
+
+std::pair<RefreshRateType, const RefreshRate&> RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentRefreshRate() const {
+    int currentConfig = mCurrentConfig;
+    if (mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) {
+        for (const auto& [type, refresh] : mRefreshRateMap) {
+            if (refresh.configId == currentConfig) {
+                return {type, refresh};
+            }
+        }
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL();
+    }
+    return {RefreshRateType::DEFAULT, mRefreshRates[currentConfig]};
+}
+
+const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateFromConfigId(int configId) const {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configId >= mRefreshRates.size());
+    return mRefreshRates[configId];
+}
+
+RefreshRateType RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateTypeFromHwcConfigId(hwc2_config_t hwcId) const {
+    if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) return RefreshRateType::DEFAULT;
+
+    for (const auto& [type, refreshRate] : mRefreshRateMap) {
+        if (refreshRate.hwcId == hwcId) {
+            return type;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return RefreshRateType::DEFAULT;
+}
+
+void RefreshRateConfigs::setCurrentConfig(int config) {
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(config >= mRefreshRates.size());
+    mCurrentConfig = config;
+}
+
+RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRateConfigs(bool refreshRateSwitching,
+                                       const std::vector<InputConfig>& configs, int currentConfig) {
+    init(refreshRateSwitching, configs, currentConfig);
+}
+
+RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRateConfigs(
+        bool refreshRateSwitching,
+        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs,
+        int currentConfig) {
+    std::vector<InputConfig> inputConfigs;
+    for (const auto& config : configs) {
+        inputConfigs.push_back({config->getId(), config->getVsyncPeriod()});
+    }
+    init(refreshRateSwitching, inputConfigs, currentConfig);
+}
+
+void RefreshRateConfigs::init(bool refreshRateSwitching, const std::vector<InputConfig>& configs,
+                              int currentConfig) {
+    mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported = refreshRateSwitching;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configs.empty());
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(currentConfig >= configs.size());
+    mCurrentConfig = currentConfig;
+
+    auto buildRefreshRate = [&](int configId) -> RefreshRate {
+        const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = configs[configId].vsyncPeriod;
+        const float fps = 1e9 / vsyncPeriod;
+        return {configId, base::StringPrintf("%2.ffps", fps), static_cast<uint32_t>(fps),
+                vsyncPeriod, configs[configId].hwcId};
+    };
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < configs.size(); ++i) {
+        mRefreshRates.push_back(buildRefreshRate(i));
+    }
+
+    if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) return;
+
+    auto findDefaultAndPerfConfigs = [&]() -> std::optional<std::pair<int, int>> {
+        if (configs.size() < 2) {
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        std::vector<const RefreshRate*> sortedRefreshRates;
+        for (const auto& refreshRate : mRefreshRates) {
+            sortedRefreshRates.push_back(&refreshRate);
+        }
+        std::sort(sortedRefreshRates.begin(), sortedRefreshRates.end(),
+                  [](const RefreshRate* refreshRate1, const RefreshRate* refreshRate2) {
+                      return refreshRate1->vsyncPeriod > refreshRate2->vsyncPeriod;
+                  });
+
+        // When the configs are ordered by the resync rate, we assume that
+        // the first one is DEFAULT and the second one is PERFORMANCE,
+        // i.e. the higher rate.
+        if (sortedRefreshRates[0]->vsyncPeriod == 0 || sortedRefreshRates[1]->vsyncPeriod == 0) {
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        return std::pair<int, int>(sortedRefreshRates[0]->configId,
+                                   sortedRefreshRates[1]->configId);
+    };
+
+    auto defaultAndPerfConfigs = findDefaultAndPerfConfigs();
+    if (!defaultAndPerfConfigs) {
+        mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported = false;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    mRefreshRateMap[RefreshRateType::DEFAULT] = mRefreshRates[defaultAndPerfConfigs->first];
+    mRefreshRateMap[RefreshRateType::PERFORMANCE] = mRefreshRates[defaultAndPerfConfigs->second];
+}
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
index 2fd100f..90bba24 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.h
@@ -66,55 +66,17 @@
     // from multiple threads. This can only be called if refreshRateSwitching() returns true.
     // TODO(b/122916473): Get this information from configs prepared by vendors, instead of
     // baking them in.
-    const std::map<RefreshRateType, RefreshRate>& getRefreshRateMap() const {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported);
-        return mRefreshRateMap;
-    }
+    const std::map<RefreshRateType, RefreshRate>& getRefreshRateMap() const;
 
-    const RefreshRate& getRefreshRateFromType(RefreshRateType type) const {
-        if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) {
-            return getCurrentRefreshRate().second;
-        } else {
-            auto refreshRate = mRefreshRateMap.find(type);
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(refreshRate == mRefreshRateMap.end());
-            return refreshRate->second;
-        }
-    }
+    const RefreshRate& getRefreshRateFromType(RefreshRateType type) const;
 
-    std::pair<RefreshRateType, const RefreshRate&> getCurrentRefreshRate() const {
-        int currentConfig = mCurrentConfig;
-        if (mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) {
-            for (const auto& [type, refresh] : mRefreshRateMap) {
-                if (refresh.configId == currentConfig) {
-                    return {type, refresh};
-                }
-            }
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL();
-        }
-        return {RefreshRateType::DEFAULT, mRefreshRates[currentConfig]};
-    }
+    std::pair<RefreshRateType, const RefreshRate&> getCurrentRefreshRate() const;
 
-    const RefreshRate& getRefreshRateFromConfigId(int configId) const {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configId >= mRefreshRates.size());
-        return mRefreshRates[configId];
-    }
+    const RefreshRate& getRefreshRateFromConfigId(int configId) const;
 
-    RefreshRateType getRefreshRateTypeFromHwcConfigId(hwc2_config_t hwcId) const {
-        if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) return RefreshRateType::DEFAULT;
+    RefreshRateType getRefreshRateTypeFromHwcConfigId(hwc2_config_t hwcId) const;
 
-        for (const auto& [type, refreshRate] : mRefreshRateMap) {
-            if (refreshRate.hwcId == hwcId) {
-                return type;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return RefreshRateType::DEFAULT;
-    }
-
-    void setCurrentConfig(int config) {
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(config >= mRefreshRates.size());
-        mCurrentConfig = config;
-    }
+    void setCurrentConfig(int config);
 
     struct InputConfig {
         hwc2_config_t hwcId = 0;
@@ -122,78 +84,15 @@
     };
 
     RefreshRateConfigs(bool refreshRateSwitching, const std::vector<InputConfig>& configs,
-                       int currentConfig) {
-        init(refreshRateSwitching, configs, currentConfig);
-    }
+                       int currentConfig);
 
     RefreshRateConfigs(bool refreshRateSwitching,
                        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs,
-                       int currentConfig) {
-        std::vector<InputConfig> inputConfigs;
-        for (const auto& config : configs) {
-            inputConfigs.push_back({config->getId(), config->getVsyncPeriod()});
-        }
-        init(refreshRateSwitching, inputConfigs, currentConfig);
-    }
+                       int currentConfig);
 
 private:
     void init(bool refreshRateSwitching, const std::vector<InputConfig>& configs,
-              int currentConfig) {
-        mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported = refreshRateSwitching;
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configs.empty());
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(currentConfig >= configs.size());
-        mCurrentConfig = currentConfig;
-
-        auto buildRefreshRate = [&](int configId) -> RefreshRate {
-            const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = configs[configId].vsyncPeriod;
-            const float fps = 1e9 / vsyncPeriod;
-            return {configId, base::StringPrintf("%2.ffps", fps), static_cast<uint32_t>(fps),
-                    vsyncPeriod, configs[configId].hwcId};
-        };
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < configs.size(); ++i) {
-            mRefreshRates.push_back(buildRefreshRate(i));
-        }
-
-        if (!mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported) return;
-
-        auto findDefaultAndPerfConfigs = [&]() -> std::optional<std::pair<int, int>> {
-            if (configs.size() < 2) {
-                return {};
-            }
-
-            std::vector<const RefreshRate*> sortedRefreshRates;
-            for (const auto& refreshRate : mRefreshRates) {
-                sortedRefreshRates.push_back(&refreshRate);
-            }
-            std::sort(sortedRefreshRates.begin(), sortedRefreshRates.end(),
-                      [](const RefreshRate* refreshRate1, const RefreshRate* refreshRate2) {
-                          return refreshRate1->vsyncPeriod > refreshRate2->vsyncPeriod;
-                      });
-
-            // When the configs are ordered by the resync rate, we assume that
-            // the first one is DEFAULT and the second one is PERFORMANCE,
-            // i.e. the higher rate.
-            if (sortedRefreshRates[0]->vsyncPeriod == 0 ||
-                sortedRefreshRates[1]->vsyncPeriod == 0) {
-                return {};
-            }
-
-            return std::pair<int, int>(sortedRefreshRates[0]->configId,
-                                       sortedRefreshRates[1]->configId);
-        };
-
-        auto defaultAndPerfConfigs = findDefaultAndPerfConfigs();
-        if (!defaultAndPerfConfigs) {
-            mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported = false;
-            return;
-        }
-
-        mRefreshRateMap[RefreshRateType::DEFAULT] = mRefreshRates[defaultAndPerfConfigs->first];
-        mRefreshRateMap[RefreshRateType::PERFORMANCE] =
-                mRefreshRates[defaultAndPerfConfigs->second];
-    }
-
+              int currentConfig);
     // Whether this device is doing refresh rate switching or not. This must not change after this
     // object is initialized.
     bool mRefreshRateSwitchingSupported;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2394ed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "SchedulerTimer"
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+#include <sys/timerfd.h>
+#include <sys/unistd.h>
+#include <utils/Trace.h>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "Timer.h"
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+static constexpr size_t kReadPipe = 0;
+static constexpr size_t kWritePipe = 1;
+
+template <class T, size_t N>
+constexpr size_t arrayLen(T (&)[N]) {
+    return N;
+}
+
+Timer::Timer()
+      : mTimerFd(timerfd_create(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, TFD_CLOEXEC | TFD_NONBLOCK)),
+        mEpollFd(epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) {
+    if (pipe2(mPipes.data(), O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK)) {
+        ALOGE("could not create TimerDispatch mPipes");
+    };
+
+    mDispatchThread = std::thread(std::bind(&Timer::dispatch, this));
+}
+
+Timer::~Timer() {
+    endDispatch();
+    mDispatchThread.join();
+
+    close(mPipes[kWritePipe]);
+    close(mPipes[kReadPipe]);
+    close(mEpollFd);
+    close(mTimerFd);
+}
+
+void Timer::endDispatch() {
+    static constexpr unsigned char end = 'e';
+    write(mPipes[kWritePipe], &end, sizeof(end));
+}
+
+nsecs_t Timer::now() const {
+    return systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
+}
+
+constexpr char const* timerTraceTag = "AlarmInNs";
+void Timer::alarmIn(std::function<void()> const& cb, nsecs_t fireIn) {
+    std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+    ATRACE_INT64(timerTraceTag, fireIn);
+
+    using namespace std::literals;
+    static constexpr int ns_per_s =
+            std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(1s).count();
+
+    mCallback = cb;
+
+    struct itimerspec old_timer;
+    struct itimerspec new_timer {
+        .it_interval = {.tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = 0},
+        .it_value = {.tv_sec = static_cast<long>(fireIn / ns_per_s),
+                     .tv_nsec = static_cast<long>(fireIn % ns_per_s)},
+    };
+
+    if (timerfd_settime(mTimerFd, 0, &new_timer, &old_timer)) {
+        ALOGW("Failed to set timerfd");
+    }
+}
+
+void Timer::alarmCancel() {
+    std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+    ATRACE_INT64(timerTraceTag, 0);
+
+    struct itimerspec old_timer;
+    struct itimerspec new_timer {
+        .it_interval = {.tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = 0},
+        .it_value = {
+                .tv_sec = 0,
+                .tv_nsec = 0,
+        },
+    };
+
+    if (timerfd_settime(mTimerFd, 0, &new_timer, &old_timer)) {
+        ALOGW("Failed to disarm timerfd");
+    }
+}
+
+void Timer::dispatch() {
+    struct sched_param param = {0};
+    param.sched_priority = 2;
+    if (pthread_setschedparam(pthread_self(), SCHED_FIFO, &param) != 0) {
+        ALOGW("Failed to set SCHED_FIFO on dispatch thread");
+    }
+
+    if (pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), "TimerDispatch")) {
+        ALOGW("Failed to set thread name on dispatch thread");
+    }
+
+    enum DispatchType : uint32_t { TIMER, TERMINATE, MAX_DISPATCH_TYPE };
+    epoll_event timerEvent;
+    timerEvent.events = EPOLLIN;
+    timerEvent.data.u32 = DispatchType::TIMER;
+    if (epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, mTimerFd, &timerEvent) == -1) {
+        ALOGE("Error adding timer fd to epoll dispatch loop");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    epoll_event terminateEvent;
+    terminateEvent.events = EPOLLIN;
+    terminateEvent.data.u32 = DispatchType::TERMINATE;
+    if (epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, mPipes[kReadPipe], &terminateEvent) == -1) {
+        ALOGE("Error adding control fd to dispatch loop");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t iteration = 0;
+    char const traceNamePrefix[] = "TimerIteration #";
+    static constexpr size_t max64print = std::numeric_limits<decltype(iteration)>::digits10;
+    static constexpr size_t maxlen = arrayLen(traceNamePrefix) + max64print;
+    std::array<char, maxlen> str_buffer;
+    auto timing = true;
+    while (timing) {
+        epoll_event events[DispatchType::MAX_DISPATCH_TYPE];
+        int nfds = epoll_wait(mEpollFd, events, DispatchType::MAX_DISPATCH_TYPE, -1);
+
+        if (ATRACE_ENABLED()) {
+            snprintf(str_buffer.data(), str_buffer.size(), "%s%" PRIu64, traceNamePrefix,
+                     iteration++);
+            ATRACE_NAME(str_buffer.data());
+        }
+
+        if (nfds == -1) {
+            if (errno != EINTR) {
+                timing = false;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (auto i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
+            if (events[i].data.u32 == DispatchType::TIMER) {
+                static uint64_t mIgnored = 0;
+                read(mTimerFd, &mIgnored, sizeof(mIgnored));
+                std::function<void()> cb;
+                {
+                    std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+                    cb = mCallback;
+                }
+                if (cb) {
+                    cb();
+                }
+            }
+            if (events[i].data.u32 == DispatchType::TERMINATE) {
+                timing = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ae82c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/Timer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "TimeKeeper.h"
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <array>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+class Timer : public TimeKeeper {
+public:
+    Timer();
+    ~Timer();
+    nsecs_t now() const final;
+
+    // NB: alarmIn and alarmCancel are threadsafe; with the last-returning function being effectual
+    //     Most users will want to serialize thes calls so as to be aware of the timer state.
+    void alarmIn(std::function<void()> const& cb, nsecs_t fireIn) final;
+    void alarmCancel() final;
+
+private:
+    int const mTimerFd;
+    int const mEpollFd;
+    std::array<int, 2> mPipes;
+
+    std::thread mDispatchThread;
+    void dispatch();
+    void endDispatch();
+
+    std::mutex mMutex;
+    std::function<void()> mCallback GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+};
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..643c5d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#include "VSyncPredictor.h"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <cutils/compiler.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <utils/Trace.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include "SchedulerUtils.h"
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+static auto constexpr kNeedsSamplesTag = "SamplesRequested";
+static auto constexpr kMaxPercent = 100u;
+
+VSyncPredictor::~VSyncPredictor() = default;
+
+VSyncPredictor::VSyncPredictor(nsecs_t idealPeriod, size_t historySize,
+                               size_t minimumSamplesForPrediction, uint32_t outlierTolerancePercent)
+      : kHistorySize(historySize),
+        kMinimumSamplesForPrediction(minimumSamplesForPrediction),
+        kOutlierTolerancePercent(std::min(outlierTolerancePercent, kMaxPercent)),
+        mIdealPeriod(idealPeriod) {
+    mRateMap[mIdealPeriod] = {idealPeriod, 0};
+}
+
+inline size_t VSyncPredictor::next(int i) const {
+    return (i + 1) % timestamps.size();
+}
+
+bool VSyncPredictor::validate(nsecs_t timestamp) const {
+    if (lastTimestampIndex < 0 || timestamps.empty()) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    auto const aValidTimestamp = timestamps[lastTimestampIndex];
+    auto const percent = (timestamp - aValidTimestamp) % mIdealPeriod * kMaxPercent / mIdealPeriod;
+    return percent < kOutlierTolerancePercent || percent > (kMaxPercent - kOutlierTolerancePercent);
+}
+
+void VSyncPredictor::addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t timestamp) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mMutex);
+
+    if (!validate(timestamp)) {
+        ALOGW("timestamp was too far off the last known timestamp");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (timestamps.size() != kHistorySize) {
+        timestamps.push_back(timestamp);
+        lastTimestampIndex = next(lastTimestampIndex);
+    } else {
+        lastTimestampIndex = next(lastTimestampIndex);
+        timestamps[lastTimestampIndex] = timestamp;
+    }
+
+    if (timestamps.size() < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction) {
+        mRateMap[mIdealPeriod] = {mIdealPeriod, 0};
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // This is a 'simple linear regression' calculation of Y over X, with Y being the
+    // vsync timestamps, and X being the ordinal of vsync count.
+    // The calculated slope is the vsync period.
+    // Formula for reference:
+    // Sigma_i: means sum over all timestamps.
+    // mean(variable): statistical mean of variable.
+    // X: snapped ordinal of the timestamp
+    // Y: vsync timestamp
+    //
+    //         Sigma_i( (X_i - mean(X)) * (Y_i - mean(Y) )
+    // slope = -------------------------------------------
+    //         Sigma_i ( X_i - mean(X) ) ^ 2
+    //
+    // intercept = mean(Y) - slope * mean(X)
+    //
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> vsyncTS(timestamps.size());
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> ordinals(timestamps.size());
+
+    // normalizing to the oldest timestamp cuts down on error in calculating the intercept.
+    auto const oldest_ts = *std::min_element(timestamps.begin(), timestamps.end());
+    auto it = mRateMap.find(mIdealPeriod);
+    auto const currentPeriod = std::get<0>(it->second);
+    // TODO (b/144707443): its important that there's some precision in the mean of the ordinals
+    //                     for the intercept calculation, so scale the ordinals by 10 to continue
+    //                     fixed point calculation. Explore expanding
+    //                     scheduler::utils::calculate_mean to have a fixed point fractional part.
+    static constexpr int kScalingFactor = 10;
+
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < timestamps.size(); i++) {
+        vsyncTS[i] = timestamps[i] - oldest_ts;
+        ordinals[i] = ((vsyncTS[i] + (currentPeriod / 2)) / currentPeriod) * kScalingFactor;
+    }
+
+    auto meanTS = scheduler::calculate_mean(vsyncTS);
+    auto meanOrdinal = scheduler::calculate_mean(ordinals);
+    for (auto i = 0; i < vsyncTS.size(); i++) {
+        vsyncTS[i] -= meanTS;
+        ordinals[i] -= meanOrdinal;
+    }
+
+    auto top = 0ll;
+    auto bottom = 0ll;
+    for (auto i = 0; i < vsyncTS.size(); i++) {
+        top += vsyncTS[i] * ordinals[i];
+        bottom += ordinals[i] * ordinals[i];
+    }
+
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(bottom == 0)) {
+        it->second = {mIdealPeriod, 0};
+        return;
+    }
+
+    nsecs_t const anticipatedPeriod = top / bottom * kScalingFactor;
+    nsecs_t const intercept = meanTS - (anticipatedPeriod * meanOrdinal / kScalingFactor);
+
+    it->second = {anticipatedPeriod, intercept};
+
+    ALOGV("model update ts: %" PRId64 " slope: %" PRId64 " intercept: %" PRId64, timestamp,
+          anticipatedPeriod, intercept);
+}
+
+nsecs_t VSyncPredictor::nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mMutex);
+
+    auto const [slope, intercept] = getVSyncPredictionModel(lk);
+
+    if (timestamps.empty()) {
+        auto const knownTimestamp = mKnownTimestamp ? *mKnownTimestamp : timePoint;
+        auto const numPeriodsOut = ((timePoint - knownTimestamp) / mIdealPeriod) + 1;
+        return knownTimestamp + numPeriodsOut * mIdealPeriod;
+    }
+
+    auto const oldest = *std::min_element(timestamps.begin(), timestamps.end());
+    auto const ordinalRequest = (timePoint - oldest + slope) / slope;
+    auto const prediction = (ordinalRequest * slope) + intercept + oldest;
+
+    ALOGV("prediction made from: %" PRId64 " prediction: %" PRId64 " (+%" PRId64 ") slope: %" PRId64
+          " intercept: %" PRId64,
+          timePoint, prediction, prediction - timePoint, slope, intercept);
+    return prediction;
+}
+
+std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> VSyncPredictor::getVSyncPredictionModel() const {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mMutex);
+    return VSyncPredictor::getVSyncPredictionModel(lk);
+}
+
+std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> VSyncPredictor::getVSyncPredictionModel(
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> const&) const {
+    return mRateMap.find(mIdealPeriod)->second;
+}
+
+void VSyncPredictor::setPeriod(nsecs_t period) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mMutex);
+    static constexpr size_t kSizeLimit = 30;
+    if (CC_UNLIKELY(mRateMap.size() == kSizeLimit)) {
+        mRateMap.erase(mRateMap.begin());
+    }
+
+    mIdealPeriod = period;
+    if (mRateMap.find(period) == mRateMap.end()) {
+        mRateMap[mIdealPeriod] = {period, 0};
+    }
+
+    if (!timestamps.empty()) {
+        mKnownTimestamp = *std::max_element(timestamps.begin(), timestamps.end());
+        timestamps.clear();
+        lastTimestampIndex = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+bool VSyncPredictor::needsMoreSamples(nsecs_t now) const {
+    using namespace std::literals::chrono_literals;
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mMutex);
+    bool needsMoreSamples = true;
+    if (timestamps.size() >= kMinimumSamplesForPrediction) {
+        nsecs_t constexpr aLongTime =
+                std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(500ms).count();
+        if (!(lastTimestampIndex < 0 || timestamps.empty())) {
+            auto const lastTimestamp = timestamps[lastTimestampIndex];
+            needsMoreSamples = !((lastTimestamp + aLongTime) > now);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ATRACE_INT(kNeedsSamplesTag, needsMoreSamples);
+    return needsMoreSamples;
+}
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1590f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include "VSyncTracker.h"
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+class VSyncPredictor : public VSyncTracker {
+public:
+    /*
+     * \param [in] idealPeriod  The initial ideal period to use.
+     * \param [in] historySize  The internal amount of entries to store in the model.
+     * \param [in] minimumSamplesForPrediction The minimum number of samples to collect before
+     * predicting. \param [in] outlierTolerancePercent a number 0 to 100 that will be used to filter
+     * samples that fall outlierTolerancePercent from an anticipated vsync event.
+     */
+    VSyncPredictor(nsecs_t idealPeriod, size_t historySize, size_t minimumSamplesForPrediction,
+                   uint32_t outlierTolerancePercent);
+    ~VSyncPredictor();
+
+    void addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t timestamp) final;
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const final;
+
+    /*
+     * Inform the model that the period is anticipated to change to a new value.
+     * model will use the period parameter to predict vsync events until enough
+     * timestamps with the new period have been collected.
+     *
+     * \param [in] period   The new period that should be used.
+     */
+    void setPeriod(nsecs_t period);
+
+    /* Query if the model is in need of more samples to make a prediction at timePoint.
+     * \param [in] timePoint    The timePoint to inquire of.
+     * \return  True, if model would benefit from more samples, False if not.
+     */
+    bool needsMoreSamples(nsecs_t timePoint) const;
+
+    std::tuple<nsecs_t /* slope */, nsecs_t /* intercept */> getVSyncPredictionModel() const;
+
+private:
+    VSyncPredictor(VSyncPredictor const&) = delete;
+    VSyncPredictor& operator=(VSyncPredictor const&) = delete;
+
+    size_t const kHistorySize;
+    size_t const kMinimumSamplesForPrediction;
+    size_t const kOutlierTolerancePercent;
+
+    std::mutex mutable mMutex;
+    size_t next(int i) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    bool validate(nsecs_t timestamp) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> getVSyncPredictionModel(std::lock_guard<std::mutex> const&) const
+            REQUIRES(mMutex);
+
+    nsecs_t mIdealPeriod GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+    std::optional<nsecs_t> mKnownTimestamp GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
+    std::unordered_map<nsecs_t, std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t>> mutable mRateMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
+    int lastTimestampIndex GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = 0;
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> timestamps GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+};
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index ec15bad..bf3b4c9 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -1363,9 +1363,12 @@
 }
 
 void SurfaceFlinger::onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t hwcDisplayId,
-                                     int64_t timestamp) {
+                                     int64_t timestamp,
+                                     std::optional<hwc2_vsync_period_t> /*vsyncPeriod*/) {
     ATRACE_NAME("SF onVsync");
 
+    // TODO(b/140201379): use vsyncPeriod in the new DispSync
+
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
     // Ignore any vsyncs from a previous hardware composer.
     if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
@@ -1442,6 +1445,12 @@
     setTransactionFlags(eDisplayTransactionNeeded);
 }
 
+void SurfaceFlinger::onVsyncPeriodTimingChangedReceived(
+        int32_t /*sequenceId*/, hwc2_display_t /*display*/,
+        const hwc_vsync_period_change_timeline_t& /*updatedTimeline*/) {
+    // TODO(b/142753004): use timeline when changing refresh rate
+}
+
 void SurfaceFlinger::onRefreshReceived(int sequenceId, hwc2_display_t /*hwcDisplayId*/) {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
     if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
@@ -1601,6 +1610,7 @@
     ATRACE_CALL();
     switch (what) {
         case MessageQueue::INVALIDATE: {
+            const nsecs_t frameStart = systemTime();
             // calculate the expected present time once and use the cached
             // value throughout this frame to make sure all layers are
             // seeing this same value.
@@ -1665,6 +1675,13 @@
                 // Signal a refresh if a transaction modified the window state,
                 // a new buffer was latched, or if HWC has requested a full
                 // repaint
+                if (mFrameStartTime <= 0) {
+                    // We should only use the time of the first invalidate
+                    // message that signals a refresh as the beginning of the
+                    // frame. Otherwise the real frame time will be
+                    // underestimated.
+                    mFrameStartTime = frameStart;
+                }
                 signalRefresh();
             }
             break;
@@ -1743,6 +1760,9 @@
     mGeometryInvalid = false;
 
     mCompositionEngine->present(refreshArgs);
+    mTimeStats->recordFrameDuration(mFrameStartTime, systemTime());
+    // Reset the frame start time now that we've recorded this frame.
+    mFrameStartTime = 0;
 
     postFrame();
     postComposition();
@@ -1896,9 +1916,8 @@
     }
 
     mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
-        bool frameLatched =
-                layer->onPostComposition(displayDevice->getId(), glCompositionDoneFenceTime,
-                                         presentFenceTime, compositorTiming);
+        bool frameLatched = layer->onPostComposition(displayDevice, glCompositionDoneFenceTime,
+                                                     presentFenceTime, compositorTiming);
         if (frameLatched) {
             recordBufferingStats(layer->getName(), layer->getOccupancyHistory(false));
         }
@@ -3714,6 +3733,8 @@
 
     if (currentMode == HWC_POWER_MODE_OFF) {
         // Turn on the display
+        // TODO: @vhau temp fix only!  See b/141111965
+        mTransactionCompletedThread.clearAllPending();
         getHwComposer().setPowerMode(*displayId, mode);
         if (display->isPrimary() && mode != HWC_POWER_MODE_DOZE_SUSPEND) {
             setVsyncEnabledInHWC(*displayId, mHWCVsyncPendingState);
@@ -4384,7 +4405,8 @@
         case GET_DISPLAYED_CONTENT_SAMPLING_ATTRIBUTES:
         case SET_DISPLAY_CONTENT_SAMPLING_ENABLED:
         case GET_DISPLAYED_CONTENT_SAMPLE:
-        case NOTIFY_POWER_HINT: {
+        case NOTIFY_POWER_HINT:
+        case SET_GLOBAL_SHADOW_SETTINGS: {
             if (!callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess()) {
                 IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
                 ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't access SurfaceFlinger pid=%d, uid=%d",
@@ -5501,6 +5523,12 @@
     getRenderEngine().unbindExternalTextureBuffer(clientCacheId.id);
 }
 
+status_t SurfaceFlinger::setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& /*ambientColor*/,
+                                                 const half4& /*spotColor*/, float /*lightPosY*/,
+                                                 float /*lightPosZ*/, float /*lightRadius*/) {
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 } // namespace android
 
 #if defined(__gl_h_)
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index 50b3ae4..8e1199c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -470,7 +470,8 @@
                                          bool* outSupport) const override;
     status_t setDisplayBrightness(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, float brightness) const override;
     status_t notifyPowerHint(int32_t hintId) override;
-
+    status_t setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor, const half4& spotColor,
+                                     float lightPosY, float lightPosZ, float lightRadius) override;
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * DeathRecipient interface
      */
@@ -484,11 +485,14 @@
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * HWC2::ComposerCallback / HWComposer::EventHandler interface
      */
-    void onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t hwcDisplayId,
-                         int64_t timestamp) override;
+    void onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t hwcDisplayId, int64_t timestamp,
+                         std::optional<hwc2_vsync_period_t> vsyncPeriod) override;
     void onHotplugReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t hwcDisplayId,
                            HWC2::Connection connection) override;
     void onRefreshReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t hwcDisplayId) override;
+    void onVsyncPeriodTimingChangedReceived(
+            int32_t sequenceId, hwc2_display_t display,
+            const hwc_vsync_period_change_timeline_t& updatedTimeline) override;
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Message handling
@@ -1148,6 +1152,9 @@
     bool mPendingSyncInputWindows GUARDED_BY(mStateLock);
     Hwc2::impl::PowerAdvisor mPowerAdvisor;
 
+    // This should only be accessed on the main thread.
+    nsecs_t mFrameStartTime = 0;
+
     std::unique_ptr<RefreshRateOverlay> mRefreshRateOverlay;
 
     // Flag used to set override allowed display configs from backdoor
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.cpp
index 3e47ec6..626efb8 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.cpp
@@ -20,14 +20,13 @@
 #include "TimeStats.h"
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-
 #include <log/log.h>
-
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -113,9 +112,26 @@
     mTimeStats.clientCompositionFrames++;
 }
 
-bool TimeStats::recordReadyLocked(int32_t layerID, TimeRecord* timeRecord) {
+static int32_t msBetween(nsecs_t start, nsecs_t end) {
+    int64_t delta = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+                            std::chrono::nanoseconds(end - start))
+                            .count();
+    delta = std::clamp(delta, int64_t(INT32_MIN), int64_t(INT32_MAX));
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(delta);
+}
+
+void TimeStats::recordFrameDuration(nsecs_t startTime, nsecs_t endTime) {
+    if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
+
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    if (mPowerTime.powerMode == HWC_POWER_MODE_NORMAL) {
+        mTimeStats.frameDuration.insert(msBetween(startTime, endTime));
+    }
+}
+
+bool TimeStats::recordReadyLocked(int32_t layerId, TimeRecord* timeRecord) {
     if (!timeRecord->ready) {
-        ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFence is still not received", layerID,
+        ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFence is still not received", layerId,
               timeRecord->frameTime.frameNumber);
         return false;
     }
@@ -128,7 +144,7 @@
             timeRecord->frameTime.acquireTime = timeRecord->acquireFence->getSignalTime();
             timeRecord->acquireFence = nullptr;
         } else {
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-acquireFence signal time is invalid", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-acquireFence signal time is invalid", layerId,
                   timeRecord->frameTime.frameNumber);
         }
     }
@@ -141,7 +157,7 @@
             timeRecord->frameTime.presentTime = timeRecord->presentFence->getSignalTime();
             timeRecord->presentFence = nullptr;
         } else {
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFence signal time invalid", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFence signal time invalid", layerId,
                   timeRecord->frameTime.frameNumber);
         }
     }
@@ -149,21 +165,15 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-static int32_t msBetween(nsecs_t start, nsecs_t end) {
-    int64_t delta = (end - start) / 1000000;
-    delta = std::clamp(delta, int64_t(INT32_MIN), int64_t(INT32_MAX));
-    return static_cast<int32_t>(delta);
-}
-
-void TimeStats::flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(int32_t layerID) {
+void TimeStats::flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(int32_t layerId) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     TimeRecord& prevTimeRecord = layerRecord.prevTimeRecord;
     std::deque<TimeRecord>& timeRecords = layerRecord.timeRecords;
     while (!timeRecords.empty()) {
-        if (!recordReadyLocked(layerID, &timeRecords[0])) break;
-        ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID,
+        if (!recordReadyLocked(layerId, &timeRecords[0])) break;
+        ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-presentFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId,
               timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
 
         if (prevTimeRecord.ready) {
@@ -178,37 +188,37 @@
 
             const int32_t postToAcquireMs = msBetween(timeRecords[0].frameTime.postTime,
                                                       timeRecords[0].frameTime.acquireTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-post2acquire[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-post2acquire[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, postToAcquireMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["post2acquire"].insert(postToAcquireMs);
 
             const int32_t postToPresentMs = msBetween(timeRecords[0].frameTime.postTime,
                                                       timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-post2present[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-post2present[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, postToPresentMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["post2present"].insert(postToPresentMs);
 
             const int32_t acquireToPresentMs = msBetween(timeRecords[0].frameTime.acquireTime,
                                                          timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-acquire2present[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-acquire2present[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, acquireToPresentMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["acquire2present"].insert(acquireToPresentMs);
 
             const int32_t latchToPresentMs = msBetween(timeRecords[0].frameTime.latchTime,
                                                        timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-latch2present[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-latch2present[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, latchToPresentMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["latch2present"].insert(latchToPresentMs);
 
             const int32_t desiredToPresentMs = msBetween(timeRecords[0].frameTime.desiredTime,
                                                          timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-desired2present[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-desired2present[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, desiredToPresentMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["desired2present"].insert(desiredToPresentMs);
 
             const int32_t presentToPresentMs = msBetween(prevTimeRecord.frameTime.presentTime,
                                                          timeRecords[0].frameTime.presentTime);
-            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-present2present[%d]", layerID,
+            ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-present2present[%d]", layerId,
                   timeRecords[0].frameTime.frameNumber, presentToPresentMs);
             timeStatsLayer.deltas["present2present"].insert(presentToPresentMs);
         }
@@ -227,28 +237,28 @@
             layerName.compare(0, kMinLenLayerName, kPopupWindowPrefix) != 0;
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setPostTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
+void TimeStats::setPostTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
                             nsecs_t postTime) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-[%s]-PostTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber, layerName.c_str(),
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-[%s]-PostTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber, layerName.c_str(),
           postTime);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
     if (!mTimeStats.stats.count(layerName) && mTimeStats.stats.size() >= MAX_NUM_LAYER_STATS) {
         return;
     }
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID) && mTimeStatsTracker.size() < MAX_NUM_LAYER_RECORDS &&
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId) && mTimeStatsTracker.size() < MAX_NUM_LAYER_RECORDS &&
         layerNameIsValid(layerName)) {
-        mTimeStatsTracker[layerID].layerName = layerName;
+        mTimeStatsTracker[layerId].layerName = layerName;
     }
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.timeRecords.size() == MAX_NUM_TIME_RECORDS) {
         ALOGE("[%d]-[%s]-timeRecords is at its maximum size[%zu]. Ignore this when unittesting.",
-              layerID, layerRecord.layerName.c_str(), MAX_NUM_TIME_RECORDS);
-        mTimeStatsTracker.erase(layerID);
+              layerId, layerRecord.layerName.c_str(), MAX_NUM_TIME_RECORDS);
+        mTimeStatsTracker.erase(layerId);
         return;
     }
     // For most media content, the acquireFence is invalid because the buffer is
@@ -270,15 +280,15 @@
         layerRecord.waitData = layerRecord.timeRecords.size() - 1;
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setLatchTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) {
+void TimeStats::setLatchTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-LatchTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber, latchTime);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-LatchTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber, latchTime);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -288,15 +298,15 @@
     }
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setDesiredTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) {
+void TimeStats::setDesiredTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-DesiredTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber, desiredTime);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-DesiredTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber, desiredTime);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -306,15 +316,15 @@
     }
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setAcquireTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) {
+void TimeStats::setAcquireTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-AcquireTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber, acquireTime);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-AcquireTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber, acquireTime);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -324,17 +334,17 @@
     }
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setAcquireFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+void TimeStats::setAcquireFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                 const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& acquireFence) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-AcquireFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber,
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-AcquireFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber,
           acquireFence->getSignalTime());
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -344,15 +354,15 @@
     }
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setPresentTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) {
+void TimeStats::setPresentTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-PresentTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber, presentTime);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-PresentTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber, presentTime);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -363,20 +373,20 @@
         layerRecord.waitData++;
     }
 
-    flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(layerID);
+    flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(layerId);
 }
 
-void TimeStats::setPresentFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+void TimeStats::setPresentFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                 const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFence) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-PresentFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerID, frameNumber,
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-PresentFenceTime[%" PRId64 "]", layerId, frameNumber,
           presentFence->getSignalTime());
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     if (layerRecord.waitData < 0 ||
         layerRecord.waitData >= static_cast<int32_t>(layerRecord.timeRecords.size()))
         return;
@@ -387,25 +397,25 @@
         layerRecord.waitData++;
     }
 
-    flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(layerID);
+    flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(layerId);
 }
 
-void TimeStats::onDestroy(int32_t layerID) {
+void TimeStats::onDestroy(int32_t layerId) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-onDestroy", layerID);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-onDestroy", layerId);
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    mTimeStatsTracker.erase(layerID);
+    mTimeStatsTracker.erase(layerId);
 }
 
-void TimeStats::removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber) {
+void TimeStats::removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber) {
     if (!mEnabled.load()) return;
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-removeTimeRecord", layerID, frameNumber);
+    ALOGV("[%d]-[%" PRIu64 "]-removeTimeRecord", layerId, frameNumber);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerID)) return;
-    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerID];
+    if (!mTimeStatsTracker.count(layerId)) return;
+    LayerRecord& layerRecord = mTimeStatsTracker[layerId];
     size_t removeAt = 0;
     for (const TimeRecord& record : layerRecord.timeRecords) {
         if (record.frameTime.frameNumber == frameNumber) break;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.h b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.h
index 1313132..670bc8e 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/TimeStats.h
@@ -44,20 +44,27 @@
     virtual void incrementMissedFrames() = 0;
     virtual void incrementClientCompositionFrames() = 0;
 
-    virtual void setPostTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
+    // Records the start and end times for a frame.
+    // The start time is the same as the beginning of a SurfaceFlinger
+    // invalidate message.
+    // The end time corresponds to when SurfaceFlinger finishes submitting the
+    // request to HWC to present a frame.
+    virtual void recordFrameDuration(nsecs_t startTime, nsecs_t endTime) = 0;
+
+    virtual void setPostTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
                              nsecs_t postTime) = 0;
-    virtual void setLatchTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) = 0;
-    virtual void setDesiredTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) = 0;
-    virtual void setAcquireTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) = 0;
-    virtual void setAcquireFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+    virtual void setLatchTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) = 0;
+    virtual void setDesiredTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) = 0;
+    virtual void setAcquireTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) = 0;
+    virtual void setAcquireFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                  const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& acquireFence) = 0;
-    virtual void setPresentTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) = 0;
-    virtual void setPresentFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+    virtual void setPresentTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) = 0;
+    virtual void setPresentFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                                  const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFence) = 0;
     // Clean up the layer record
-    virtual void onDestroy(int32_t layerID) = 0;
+    virtual void onDestroy(int32_t layerId) = 0;
     // If SF skips or rejects a buffer, remove the corresponding TimeRecord.
-    virtual void removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber) = 0;
+    virtual void removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber) = 0;
 
     virtual void setPowerMode(int32_t powerMode) = 0;
     // Source of truth is RefrehRateStats.
@@ -116,20 +123,22 @@
     void incrementMissedFrames() override;
     void incrementClientCompositionFrames() override;
 
-    void setPostTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
+    void recordFrameDuration(nsecs_t startTime, nsecs_t endTime) override;
+
+    void setPostTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, const std::string& layerName,
                      nsecs_t postTime) override;
-    void setLatchTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) override;
-    void setDesiredTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) override;
-    void setAcquireTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) override;
-    void setAcquireFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+    void setLatchTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t latchTime) override;
+    void setDesiredTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t desiredTime) override;
+    void setAcquireTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t acquireTime) override;
+    void setAcquireFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                          const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& acquireFence) override;
-    void setPresentTime(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) override;
-    void setPresentFence(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber,
+    void setPresentTime(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t presentTime) override;
+    void setPresentFence(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber,
                          const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFence) override;
     // Clean up the layer record
-    void onDestroy(int32_t layerID) override;
+    void onDestroy(int32_t layerId) override;
     // If SF skips or rejects a buffer, remove the corresponding TimeRecord.
-    void removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerID, uint64_t frameNumber) override;
+    void removeTimeRecord(int32_t layerId, uint64_t frameNumber) override;
 
     void setPowerMode(int32_t powerMode) override;
     // Source of truth is RefrehRateStats.
@@ -139,8 +148,8 @@
     static const size_t MAX_NUM_TIME_RECORDS = 64;
 
 private:
-    bool recordReadyLocked(int32_t layerID, TimeRecord* timeRecord);
-    void flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(int32_t layerID);
+    bool recordReadyLocked(int32_t layerId, TimeRecord* timeRecord);
+    void flushAvailableRecordsToStatsLocked(int32_t layerId);
     void flushPowerTimeLocked();
     void flushAvailableGlobalRecordsToStatsLocked();
 
@@ -152,7 +161,7 @@
     std::atomic<bool> mEnabled = false;
     std::mutex mMutex;
     TimeStatsHelper::TimeStatsGlobal mTimeStats;
-    // Hashmap for LayerRecord with layerID as the hash key
+    // Hashmap for LayerRecord with layerId as the hash key
     std::unordered_map<int32_t, LayerRecord> mTimeStatsTracker;
     PowerTime mPowerTime;
     GlobalRecord mGlobalRecord;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.cpp
index 16d2da0..83cd45a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.cpp
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@
     StringAppendF(&result, "totalP2PTime = %" PRId64 " ms\n", presentToPresent.totalTime());
     StringAppendF(&result, "presentToPresent histogram is as below:\n");
     result.append(presentToPresent.toString());
+    StringAppendF(&result, "frameDuration histogram is as below:\n");
+    result.append(frameDuration.toString());
     const auto dumpStats = generateDumpStats(maxLayers);
     for (const auto& ele : dumpStats) {
         result.append(ele->toString());
@@ -158,6 +160,11 @@
         histProto->set_time_millis(histEle.first);
         histProto->set_frame_count(histEle.second);
     }
+    for (const auto& histEle : frameDuration.hist) {
+        SFTimeStatsHistogramBucketProto* histProto = globalProto.add_frame_duration();
+        histProto->set_time_millis(histEle.first);
+        histProto->set_frame_count(histEle.second);
+    }
     const auto dumpStats = generateDumpStats(maxLayers);
     for (const auto& ele : dumpStats) {
         SFTimeStatsLayerProto* layerProto = globalProto.add_stats();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/include/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.h b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/include/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.h
index f2ac7ff..6b28970 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/include/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/include/timestatsproto/TimeStatsHelper.h
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
         int32_t clientCompositionFrames = 0;
         int64_t displayOnTime = 0;
         Histogram presentToPresent;
+        Histogram frameDuration;
         std::unordered_map<std::string, TimeStatsLayer> stats;
         std::unordered_map<uint32_t, nsecs_t> refreshRateStats;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/timestats.proto b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/timestats.proto
index 0dacbeb..96430b3 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/timestats.proto
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TimeStats/timestatsproto/timestats.proto
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 // changes to these messages, and keep google3 side proto messages in sync if
 // the end to end pipeline needs to be updated.
 
-// Next tag: 10
+// Next tag: 11
 message SFTimeStatsGlobalProto {
   // The stats start time in UTC as seconds since January 1, 1970
   optional int64 stats_start = 1;
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
   repeated SFTimeStatsDisplayConfigBucketProto display_config_stats = 9;
   // Present to present histogram.
   repeated SFTimeStatsHistogramBucketProto present_to_present = 8;
+  // Frame CPU duration histogram.
+  repeated SFTimeStatsHistogramBucketProto frame_duration = 10;
   // Stats per layer. Apps could have multiple layers.
   repeated SFTimeStatsLayerProto stats = 6;
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.cpp
index 8db03db..c15355d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.cpp
@@ -189,6 +189,15 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+void TransactionCompletedThread::clearAllPending() {
+    std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
+    if (!mRunning) {
+        return;
+    }
+    mPendingTransactions.clear();
+    mConditionVariable.notify_all();
+}
+
 status_t TransactionCompletedThread::registerUnpresentedCallbackHandle(
         const sp<CallbackHandle>& handle) {
     std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.h b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.h
index 12ea8fe..cd95bfb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/TransactionCompletedThread.h
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@
     // Notifies the TransactionCompletedThread that a pending CallbackHandle has been presented.
     status_t finalizePendingCallbackHandles(const std::deque<sp<CallbackHandle>>& handles);
 
+    void clearAllPending();
+
     // Adds the Transaction CallbackHandle from a layer that does not need to be relatched and
     // presented this frame.
     status_t registerUnpresentedCallbackHandle(const sp<CallbackHandle>& handle);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
index 51b20cb..049c872 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/sysprop/SurfaceFlingerProperties.sysprop
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@
 prop {
     api_name: "color_space_agnostic_dataspace"
     type: Long
-    scope: System
+    scope: Public
     access: Readonly
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.color_space_agnostic_dataspace"
 }
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
 prop {
     api_name: "set_display_power_timer_ms"
     type: Integer
-    scope: System
+    scope: Public
     access: Readonly
     prop_name: "ro.surface_flinger.set_display_power_timer_ms"
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
index d021fc2..6b0737c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
     srcs: [
         "BufferGenerator.cpp",
+        "CommonTypes_test.cpp",
         "Credentials_test.cpp",
         "DereferenceSurfaceControl_test.cpp",
         "DisplayActiveConfig_test.cpp",
@@ -41,6 +42,8 @@
         "libtrace_proto",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
         "libandroid",
         "libbinder",
         "libcutils",
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@
         "libtimestats_proto",
         "libui",
         "libutils",
+        "vintf-graphics-common-ndk_platform",
     ]
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/CommonTypes_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/CommonTypes_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e16f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/CommonTypes_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BlendMode.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.2/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposerClient.h>
+
+using AidlBlendMode = aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BlendMode;
+using AidlDataspace = aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Dataspace;
+
+using HidlBlendMode = android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::IComposerClient::BlendMode;
+using HidlDataspace = android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::Dataspace;
+
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlBlendMode::INVALID) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlBlendMode::INVALID));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlBlendMode::NONE) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlBlendMode::NONE));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlBlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlBlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlBlendMode::COVERAGE) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlBlendMode::COVERAGE));
+
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::UNKNOWN) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::UNKNOWN));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::ARBITRARY) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::ARBITRARY));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_SHIFT) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_SHIFT));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_MASK) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_MASK));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_UNSPECIFIED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_UNSPECIFIED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT709) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT709));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_625) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_625));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_625_UNADJUSTED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_625_UNADJUSTED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_525) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_525));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_525_UNADJUSTED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT601_525_UNADJUSTED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT2020) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT2020));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT2020_CONSTANT_LUMINANCE) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT2020_CONSTANT_LUMINANCE));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT470M) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_BT470M));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_FILM) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_FILM));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_DCI_P3) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_DCI_P3));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::STANDARD_ADOBE_RGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::STANDARD_ADOBE_RGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SHIFT) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SHIFT));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_MASK) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_MASK));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_UNSPECIFIED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_UNSPECIFIED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SRGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SRGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SMPTE_170M) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_SMPTE_170M));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_2) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_2));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_6) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_6));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_8) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_GAMMA2_8));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_ST2084) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_ST2084));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::TRANSFER_HLG) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::TRANSFER_HLG));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_SHIFT) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_SHIFT));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_MASK) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_MASK));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_UNSPECIFIED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_UNSPECIFIED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_FULL) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_FULL));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_LIMITED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_LIMITED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::RANGE_EXTENDED) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::RANGE_EXTENDED));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SCRGB_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_SCRGB_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SRGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_SRGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SCRGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_SCRGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_JFIF) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_JFIF));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT601_625) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_BT601_625));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT601_525) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_BT601_525));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT709) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::V0_BT709));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DCI_P3_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DCI_P3_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DCI_P3) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DCI_P3));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DISPLAY_P3_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DISPLAY_P3_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DISPLAY_P3) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DISPLAY_P3));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::ADOBE_RGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::ADOBE_RGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_PQ) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_PQ));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DEPTH) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DEPTH));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::SENSOR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::SENSOR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU_PQ) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU_PQ));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU_HLG) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_ITU_HLG));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT2020_HLG) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::BT2020_HLG));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DISPLAY_BT2020));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::DYNAMIC_DEPTH) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::DYNAMIC_DEPTH));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::JPEG_APP_SEGMENTS) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::JPEG_APP_SEGMENTS));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::HEIF) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(HidlDataspace::HEIF));
+
+// Below are the dataspaces that have been deprecated for sometime. They are required to behave
+// the same as their V0_* counterparts. We redefined them in AIDL to be the same as the
+// their V0_* counterparts.
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::SRGB_LINEAR) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SRGB_LINEAR));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::SRGB) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_SRGB));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::JFIF) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_JFIF));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT601_625) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT601_625));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT601_525) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT601_525));
+static_assert(static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::BT709) ==
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(AidlDataspace::V0_BT709));
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
index 78114a1..0c4a752 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
         "TransactionApplicationTest.cpp",
         "StrongTypingTest.cpp",
         "VSyncDispatchTimerQueueTest.cpp",
+        "VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp",
+        "VSyncPredictorTest.cpp",
         "mock/DisplayHardware/MockComposer.cpp",
         "mock/DisplayHardware/MockDisplay.cpp",
         "mock/DisplayHardware/MockPowerAdvisor.cpp",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
index b1a4951..db7d04c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
@@ -469,6 +469,10 @@
                     getDisplayAttribute(HWC_DISPLAY_ID, HWC_ACTIVE_CONFIG_ID,
                                         IComposerClient::Attribute::DPI_Y, _))
                 .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(DEFAULT_DPI), Return(Error::NONE)));
+        EXPECT_CALL(*test->mComposer,
+                    getDisplayAttribute(HWC_DISPLAY_ID, HWC_ACTIVE_CONFIG_ID,
+                                        IComposerClient::Attribute::CONFIG_GROUP, _))
+                .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(-1), Return(Error::NONE)));
 
         if (PhysicalDisplay::HAS_IDENTIFICATION_DATA) {
             EXPECT_CALL(*test->mComposer, getDisplayIdentificationData(HWC_DISPLAY_ID, _, _))
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
index b5af591..c334bcf 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/FrameTracerTest.cpp
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 0\n");
 
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 0\n");
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 0\n");
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 1\n");
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
@@ -103,31 +103,31 @@
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 0\n");
 
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
-    const int32_t secondLayerID = 6;
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
+    const int32_t secondlayerId = 6;
 
     auto tracingSession = getTracingSessionForTest();
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(secondLayerID, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(secondlayerId, layerName);
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 2\n");
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
-    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 1\n");
-    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerID);
+    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(layerId);
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 1\n");
-    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(secondLayerID);
+    mFrameTracer->onDestroy(secondlayerId);
     EXPECT_EQ(mFrameTracer->miniDump(),
               "FrameTracer miniDump:\nNumber of layers currently being traced is 0\n");
 }
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, canTraceAfterAddingLayer) {
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 1;
+    const int32_t layerId = 1;
     const uint32_t bufferID = 2;
     const uint64_t frameNumber = 3;
     const nsecs_t timestamp = 4;
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@
         // Clean up irrelevant traces.
         tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
 
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
         // Create second trace packet to finalize the previous one.
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
         std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
@@ -157,10 +157,10 @@
         // Clean up irrelevant traces.
         tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
 
-        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
+        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, timestamp, type, duration);
         // Create second trace packet to finalize the previous one.
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, 0, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
         std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, traceFenceTriggersOnNextTraceAfterFenceFired) {
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
     const uint32_t bufferID = 4;
     const uint64_t frameNumber = 3;
     const auto type = FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE;
@@ -204,10 +204,10 @@
         // Clean up irrelevant traces.
         tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
         // Trace.
-        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
-        mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
+        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
+        mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
         // Create extra trace packet to (hopefully not) trigger and finalize the fence packet.
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
         std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
         EXPECT_EQ(raw_trace.size(), 0);
@@ -219,12 +219,12 @@
         tracingSession->StartBlocking();
         // Clean up irrelevant traces.
         tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
-        mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
+        mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
+        mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fenceTime, type);
         const nsecs_t timestamp = systemTime();
         fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, timestamp);
         // Create extra trace packet to trigger and finalize fence trace packets.
-        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+        mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
         tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
         std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, traceFenceWithStartTimeAfterSignalTime_ShouldHaveNoDuration) {
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
     const uint32_t bufferID = 4;
     const uint64_t frameNumber = 3;
     const auto type = FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE;
@@ -264,24 +264,24 @@
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
     // Clean up irrelevant traces.
     tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
 
     // traceFence called after fence signalled.
     const nsecs_t signalTime1 = systemTime();
     const nsecs_t startTime1 = signalTime1 + 100000;
     auto fence1 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime1);
-    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fence1, type, startTime1);
+    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence1, type, startTime1);
 
     // traceFence called before fence signalled.
     const nsecs_t signalTime2 = systemTime();
     const nsecs_t startTime2 = signalTime2 + 100000;
     auto fence2 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
-    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fence2, type, startTime2);
+    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence2, type, startTime2);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime2);
 
     // Create extra trace packet to trigger and finalize fence trace packets.
-    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
     std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, traceFenceOlderThanDeadline_ShouldBeIgnored) {
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
     const uint32_t bufferID = 4;
     const uint64_t frameNumber = 3;
     const auto type = FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE;
@@ -321,11 +321,11 @@
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
     // Clean up irrelevant traces.
     tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
-    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fence, type);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence, type);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime);
     // Create extra trace packet to trigger and finalize any previous fence packets.
-    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
     std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(FrameTracerTest, traceFenceWithValidStartTime_ShouldHaveCorrectDuration) {
     const std::string layerName = "co.layername#0";
-    const int32_t layerID = 5;
+    const int32_t layerId = 5;
     const uint32_t bufferID = 4;
     const uint64_t frameNumber = 3;
     const auto type = FrameTracer::FrameEvent::ACQUIRE_FENCE;
@@ -345,24 +345,24 @@
     tracingSession->StartBlocking();
     // Clean up irrelevant traces.
     tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
-    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerID, layerName);
+    mFrameTracer->traceNewLayer(layerId, layerName);
 
     // traceFence called after fence signalled.
     const nsecs_t signalTime1 = systemTime();
     const nsecs_t startTime1 = signalTime1 - duration;
     auto fence1 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime1);
-    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fence1, type, startTime1);
+    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence1, type, startTime1);
 
     // traceFence called before fence signalled.
     const nsecs_t signalTime2 = systemTime();
     const nsecs_t startTime2 = signalTime2 - duration;
     auto fence2 = fenceFactory.createFenceTimeForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE);
-    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerID, bufferID, frameNumber, fence2, type, startTime2);
+    mFrameTracer->traceFence(layerId, bufferID, frameNumber, fence2, type, startTime2);
     fenceFactory.signalAllForTest(Fence::NO_FENCE, signalTime2);
 
     // Create extra trace packet to trigger and finalize fence trace packets.
-    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerID, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
+    mFrameTracer->traceTimestamp(layerId, bufferID, 0, 0, FrameTracer::FrameEvent::UNSPECIFIED);
     tracingSession->StopBlocking();
 
     std::vector<char> raw_trace = tracingSession->ReadTraceBlocking();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
index 4eb9ec3..069344a 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TimeStatsTest.cpp
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
 #include <TimeStats/TimeStats.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/String16.h>
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
 
+#include <chrono>
 #include <random>
 #include <unordered_set>
 
@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-static std::string genLayerName(int32_t layerID) {
-    return (layerID < 0 ? "PopupWindow:b54fcd1#0" : "com.dummy#") + std::to_string(layerID);
+static std::string genLayerName(int32_t layerId) {
+    return (layerId < 0 ? "PopupWindow:b54fcd1#0" : "com.dummy#") + std::to_string(layerId);
 }
 
 void TimeStatsTest::setTimeStamp(TimeStamp type, int32_t id, uint64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t ts) {
@@ -278,6 +278,31 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(2, histogramProto.time_millis());
 }
 
+TEST_F(TimeStatsTest, canInsertGlobalFrameDuration) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(inputCommand(InputCommand::ENABLE, FMT_STRING).empty());
+
+    using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+    mTimeStats->setPowerMode(HWC_POWER_MODE_OFF);
+    mTimeStats
+            ->recordFrameDuration(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(1ms).count(),
+                                  std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(5ms)
+                                          .count());
+    mTimeStats->setPowerMode(HWC_POWER_MODE_NORMAL);
+    mTimeStats
+            ->recordFrameDuration(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(3ms).count(),
+                                  std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(6ms)
+                                          .count());
+
+    SFTimeStatsGlobalProto globalProto;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(globalProto.ParseFromString(inputCommand(InputCommand::DUMP_ALL, FMT_PROTO)));
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, globalProto.frame_duration_size());
+    const SFTimeStatsHistogramBucketProto& histogramProto = globalProto.frame_duration().Get(0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, histogramProto.frame_count());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, histogramProto.time_millis());
+}
+
 TEST_F(TimeStatsTest, canInsertOneLayerTimeStats) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(inputCommand(InputCommand::ENABLE, FMT_STRING).empty());
 
@@ -560,22 +585,22 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(inputCommand(InputCommand::ENABLE, FMT_STRING).empty());
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 10000000; ++i) {
-        const int32_t layerID = genRandomInt32(-1, 10);
+        const int32_t layerId = genRandomInt32(-1, 10);
         const int32_t frameNumber = genRandomInt32(1, 10);
         switch (genRandomInt32(0, 100)) {
             case 0:
                 ALOGV("removeTimeRecord");
-                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerID, frameNumber));
+                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTimeStats->removeTimeRecord(layerId, frameNumber));
                 continue;
             case 1:
                 ALOGV("onDestroy");
-                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerID));
+                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTimeStats->onDestroy(layerId));
                 continue;
         }
         TimeStamp type = static_cast<TimeStamp>(genRandomInt32(TIME_STAMP_BEGIN, TIME_STAMP_END));
         const int32_t ts = genRandomInt32(1, 1000000000);
-        ALOGV("type[%d], layerID[%d], frameNumber[%d], ts[%d]", type, layerID, frameNumber, ts);
-        setTimeStamp(type, layerID, frameNumber, ts);
+        ALOGV("type[%d], layerId[%d], frameNumber[%d], ts[%d]", type, layerId, frameNumber, ts);
+        setTimeStamp(type, layerId, frameNumber, ts);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c012616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Scheduler/TimeKeeper.h"
+#include "Scheduler/Timer.h"
+#include "Scheduler/VSyncDispatchTimerQueue.h"
+#include "Scheduler/VSyncTracker.h"
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+using namespace testing;
+using namespace std::literals;
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+template <typename Rep, typename Per>
+constexpr nsecs_t toNs(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Per> const& tp) {
+    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(tp).count();
+}
+
+class FixedRateIdealStubTracker : public VSyncTracker {
+public:
+    FixedRateIdealStubTracker() : mPeriod{toNs(3ms)} {}
+
+    void addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t) final {}
+
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const final {
+        auto const floor = timePoint % mPeriod;
+        if (floor == 0) {
+            return timePoint;
+        }
+        return timePoint - floor + mPeriod;
+    }
+
+private:
+    nsecs_t const mPeriod;
+};
+
+class VRRStubTracker : public VSyncTracker {
+public:
+    VRRStubTracker(nsecs_t period) : mPeriod{period} {}
+
+    void addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t) final {}
+
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t time_point) const final {
+        std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+        auto const normalized_to_base = time_point - mBase;
+        auto const floor = (normalized_to_base) % mPeriod;
+        if (floor == 0) {
+            return time_point;
+        }
+        return normalized_to_base - floor + mPeriod + mBase;
+    }
+
+    void set_interval(nsecs_t interval, nsecs_t last_known) {
+        std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+        mPeriod = interval;
+        mBase = last_known;
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::mutex mutable mMutex;
+    nsecs_t mPeriod;
+    nsecs_t mBase = 0;
+};
+
+struct VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest : testing::Test {
+    static nsecs_t constexpr mDispatchGroupThreshold = toNs(100us);
+    static size_t constexpr mIterations = 20;
+};
+
+class RepeatingCallbackReceiver {
+public:
+    RepeatingCallbackReceiver(VSyncDispatch& dispatch, nsecs_t wl)
+          : mWorkload(wl),
+            mCallback(
+                    dispatch, [&](auto time) { callback_called(time); }, "repeat0") {}
+
+    void repeatedly_schedule(size_t iterations, std::function<void(nsecs_t)> const& onEachFrame) {
+        mCallbackTimes.reserve(iterations);
+        mCallback.schedule(mWorkload, systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC) + mWorkload);
+
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < iterations - 1; i++) {
+            std::unique_lock<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+            mCv.wait(lk, [&] { return mCalled; });
+            mCalled = false;
+            auto last = mLastTarget;
+            lk.unlock();
+
+            onEachFrame(last);
+
+            mCallback.schedule(mWorkload, last + mWorkload);
+        }
+
+        // wait for the last callback.
+        std::unique_lock<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+        mCv.wait(lk, [&] { return mCalled; });
+    }
+
+    void with_callback_times(std::function<void(std::vector<nsecs_t> const&)> const& fn) const {
+        fn(mCallbackTimes);
+    }
+
+private:
+    void callback_called(nsecs_t time) {
+        std::lock_guard<decltype(mMutex)> lk(mMutex);
+        mCallbackTimes.push_back(time);
+        mCalled = true;
+        mLastTarget = time;
+        mCv.notify_all();
+    }
+
+    nsecs_t const mWorkload;
+    VSyncCallbackRegistration mCallback;
+
+    std::mutex mMutex;
+    std::condition_variable mCv;
+    bool mCalled = false;
+    nsecs_t mLastTarget = 0;
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> mCallbackTimes;
+};
+
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest, triple_alarm) {
+    FixedRateIdealStubTracker tracker;
+    VSyncDispatchTimerQueue dispatch(std::make_unique<Timer>(), tracker, mDispatchGroupThreshold);
+
+    static size_t constexpr num_clients = 3;
+    std::array<RepeatingCallbackReceiver, num_clients>
+            cb_receiver{RepeatingCallbackReceiver(dispatch, toNs(1500us)),
+                        RepeatingCallbackReceiver(dispatch, toNs(0h)),
+                        RepeatingCallbackReceiver(dispatch, toNs(1ms))};
+
+    auto const on_each_frame = [](nsecs_t) {};
+    std::array<std::thread, num_clients> threads{
+            std::thread([&] { cb_receiver[0].repeatedly_schedule(mIterations, on_each_frame); }),
+            std::thread([&] { cb_receiver[1].repeatedly_schedule(mIterations, on_each_frame); }),
+            std::thread([&] { cb_receiver[2].repeatedly_schedule(mIterations, on_each_frame); }),
+    };
+
+    for (auto it = threads.rbegin(); it != threads.rend(); it++) {
+        it->join();
+    }
+
+    for (auto const& cbs : cb_receiver) {
+        cbs.with_callback_times([](auto times) { EXPECT_THAT(times.size(), Eq(mIterations)); });
+    }
+}
+
+// starts at 333hz, slides down to 43hz
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest, vascillating_vrr) {
+    auto next_vsync_interval = toNs(3ms);
+    VRRStubTracker tracker(next_vsync_interval);
+    VSyncDispatchTimerQueue dispatch(std::make_unique<Timer>(), tracker, mDispatchGroupThreshold);
+
+    RepeatingCallbackReceiver cb_receiver(dispatch, toNs(1ms));
+
+    auto const on_each_frame = [&](nsecs_t last_known) {
+        tracker.set_interval(next_vsync_interval += toNs(1ms), last_known);
+    };
+
+    std::thread eventThread([&] { cb_receiver.repeatedly_schedule(mIterations, on_each_frame); });
+    eventThread.join();
+
+    cb_receiver.with_callback_times([](auto times) { EXPECT_THAT(times.size(), Eq(mIterations)); });
+}
+
+// starts at 333hz, jumps to 200hz at frame 10
+TEST_F(VSyncDispatchRealtimeTest, fixed_jump) {
+    VRRStubTracker tracker(toNs(3ms));
+    VSyncDispatchTimerQueue dispatch(std::make_unique<Timer>(), tracker, mDispatchGroupThreshold);
+
+    RepeatingCallbackReceiver cb_receiver(dispatch, toNs(1ms));
+
+    auto jump_frame_counter = 0u;
+    auto constexpr jump_frame_at = 10u;
+    auto const on_each_frame = [&](nsecs_t last_known) {
+        if (jump_frame_counter++ == jump_frame_at) {
+            tracker.set_interval(toNs(5ms), last_known);
+        }
+    };
+    std::thread eventThread([&] { cb_receiver.repeatedly_schedule(mIterations, on_each_frame); });
+    eventThread.join();
+
+    cb_receiver.with_callback_times([](auto times) { EXPECT_THAT(times.size(), Eq(mIterations)); });
+}
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0c8090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/VSyncPredictorTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "LibSurfaceFlingerUnittests"
+#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include "Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h"
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <utility>
+
+using namespace testing;
+using namespace std::literals;
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+MATCHER_P2(IsCloseTo, value, tolerance, "is within tolerance") {
+    return arg <= value + tolerance && value >= value - tolerance;
+}
+
+std::vector<nsecs_t> generateVsyncTimestamps(size_t count, nsecs_t period, nsecs_t bias) {
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> vsyncs(count);
+    std::generate(vsyncs.begin(), vsyncs.end(),
+                  [&, n = 0]() mutable { return n++ * period + bias; });
+    return vsyncs;
+}
+
+struct VSyncPredictorTest : testing::Test {
+    nsecs_t mNow = 0;
+    nsecs_t mPeriod = 1000;
+    static constexpr size_t kHistorySize = 10;
+    static constexpr size_t kMinimumSamplesForPrediction = 6;
+    static constexpr size_t kOutlierTolerancePercent = 25;
+    static constexpr nsecs_t mMaxRoundingError = 100;
+
+    VSyncPredictor tracker{mPeriod, kHistorySize, kMinimumSamplesForPrediction,
+                           kOutlierTolerancePercent};
+};
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, reportsAnticipatedPeriod) {
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, Eq(mPeriod));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, Eq(0));
+
+    auto const changedPeriod = 2000;
+    tracker.setPeriod(changedPeriod);
+    std::tie(slope, intercept) = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, Eq(changedPeriod));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, Eq(0));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, reportsSamplesNeededWhenHasNoDataPoints) {
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow += mPeriod));
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(mNow);
+    }
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, reportsSamplesNeededAfterExplicitRateChange) {
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(mNow += mPeriod);
+    }
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow));
+
+    auto const changedPeriod = mPeriod * 2;
+    tracker.setPeriod(changedPeriod);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow));
+
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow += changedPeriod));
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(mNow);
+    }
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, transitionsToModelledPointsAfterSynthetic) {
+    auto last = mNow;
+    auto const bias = 10;
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow), Eq(last + mPeriod));
+        mNow += mPeriod - bias;
+        last = mNow;
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(mNow);
+        mNow += bias;
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow), Eq(mNow + mPeriod - bias));
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow + 100), Eq(mNow + mPeriod - bias));
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow + 990), Eq(mNow + 2 * mPeriod - bias));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, uponNotifiedOfInaccuracyUsesSynthetic) {
+    auto const slightlyLessPeriod = mPeriod - 10;
+    auto const changedPeriod = mPeriod - 1;
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(mNow += slightlyLessPeriod);
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow), Eq(mNow + slightlyLessPeriod));
+    tracker.setPeriod(changedPeriod);
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow), Eq(mNow + changedPeriod));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, adaptsToFenceTimelines_60hzHighVariance) {
+    // these are precomputed simulated 16.6s vsyncs with uniform distribution +/- 1.6ms error
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> const simulatedVsyncs{
+            15492949,  32325658,  49534984,  67496129,  84652891,
+            100332564, 117737004, 132125931, 149291099, 165199602,
+    };
+    auto constexpr idealPeriod = 16600000;
+    auto constexpr expectedPeriod = 16639242;
+    auto constexpr expectedIntercept = 1049341;
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncs) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(expectedPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(expectedIntercept, mMaxRoundingError));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, adaptsToFenceTimelines_90hzLowVariance) {
+    // these are precomputed simulated 11.1 vsyncs with uniform distribution +/- 1ms error
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> const simulatedVsyncs{
+            11167047, 22603464, 32538479, 44938134, 56321268,
+            66730346, 78062637, 88171429, 99707843, 111397621,
+    };
+    auto idealPeriod = 11110000;
+    auto expectedPeriod = 11089413;
+    auto expectedIntercept = 94421;
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncs) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(expectedPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(expectedIntercept, mMaxRoundingError));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, adaptsToFenceTimelinesDiscontinuous_22hzLowVariance) {
+    // these are 11.1s vsyncs with low variance, randomly computed, between -1 and 1ms
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> const simulatedVsyncs{
+            45259463,   // 0
+            91511026,   // 1
+            136307650,  // 2
+            1864501714, // 40
+            1908641034, // 41
+            1955278544, // 42
+            4590180096, // 100
+            4681594994, // 102
+            5499224734, // 120
+            5591378272, // 122
+    };
+    auto idealPeriod = 45454545;
+    auto expectedPeriod = 45450152;
+    auto expectedIntercept = 469647;
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncs) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(expectedPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(expectedIntercept, mMaxRoundingError));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, againstOutliersDiscontinuous_500hzLowVariance) {
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> const simulatedVsyncs{
+            1992548,    // 0
+            4078038,    // 1
+            6165794,    // 2
+            7958171,    // 3
+            10193537,   // 4
+            2401840200, // 1200
+            2403000000, // an outlier that should be excluded (1201 and a half)
+            2405803629, // 1202
+            2408028599, // 1203
+            2410121051, // 1204
+    };
+    auto idealPeriod = 2000000;
+    auto expectedPeriod = 1999892;
+    auto expectedIntercept = 175409;
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncs) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(expectedPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(expectedIntercept, mMaxRoundingError));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, handlesVsyncChange) {
+    auto const fastPeriod = 100;
+    auto const fastTimeBase = 100;
+    auto const slowPeriod = 400;
+    auto const slowTimeBase = 800;
+    auto const simulatedVsyncsFast =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, fastPeriod, fastTimeBase);
+    auto const simulatedVsyncsSlow =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, slowPeriod, slowTimeBase);
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(fastPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncsFast) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+
+    auto const mMaxRoundingError = 100;
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(fastPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(0, mMaxRoundingError));
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(slowPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncsSlow) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    std::tie(slope, intercept) = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, IsCloseTo(slowPeriod, mMaxRoundingError));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, IsCloseTo(0, mMaxRoundingError));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, willBeAccurateUsingPriorResultsForRate) {
+    auto const fastPeriod = 101000;
+    auto const fastTimeBase = fastPeriod - 500;
+    auto const fastPeriod2 = 99000;
+
+    auto const slowPeriod = 400000;
+    auto const slowTimeBase = 800000 - 201;
+    auto const simulatedVsyncsFast =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, fastPeriod, fastTimeBase);
+    auto const simulatedVsyncsSlow =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, slowPeriod, slowTimeBase);
+    auto const simulatedVsyncsFast2 =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, fastPeriod2, fastTimeBase);
+
+    auto idealPeriod = 100000;
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncsFast) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    auto [slope, intercept] = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, Eq(fastPeriod));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, Eq(0));
+
+    tracker.setPeriod(slowPeriod);
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncsSlow) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+
+    // we had a model for 100ns mPeriod before, use that until the new samples are
+    // sufficiently built up
+    tracker.setPeriod(idealPeriod);
+    std::tie(slope, intercept) = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, Eq(fastPeriod));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, Eq(0));
+
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncsFast2) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    std::tie(slope, intercept) = tracker.getVSyncPredictionModel();
+    EXPECT_THAT(slope, Eq(fastPeriod2));
+    EXPECT_THAT(intercept, Eq(0));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, willBecomeInaccurateAfterA_longTimeWithNoSamples) {
+    auto const simulatedVsyncs = generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction, mPeriod, 0);
+
+    for (auto const& timestamp : simulatedVsyncs) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(timestamp);
+    }
+    auto const mNow = *simulatedVsyncs.rbegin();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow));
+
+    // TODO: would be better to decay this as a result of the variance of the samples
+    static auto constexpr aLongTimeOut = 1000000000;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(tracker.needsMoreSamples(mNow + aLongTimeOut));
+}
+
+TEST_F(VSyncPredictorTest, idealModelPredictionsBeforeRegressionModelIsBuilt) {
+    auto const simulatedVsyncs =
+            generateVsyncTimestamps(kMinimumSamplesForPrediction + 1, mPeriod, 0);
+    nsecs_t const mNow = 0;
+    EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(mNow), Eq(mPeriod));
+
+    nsecs_t const aBitOfTime = 422;
+
+    for (auto i = 0; i < kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i++) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(simulatedVsyncs[i]);
+        EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(simulatedVsyncs[i] + aBitOfTime),
+                    Eq(mPeriod + simulatedVsyncs[i]));
+    }
+
+    for (auto i = kMinimumSamplesForPrediction; i < simulatedVsyncs.size(); i++) {
+        tracker.addVsyncTimestamp(simulatedVsyncs[i]);
+        EXPECT_THAT(tracker.nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(simulatedVsyncs[i] + aBitOfTime),
+                    Eq(mPeriod + simulatedVsyncs[i]));
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockComposer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockComposer.h
index 98c6aa0..2453ccb 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockComposer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/DisplayHardware/MockComposer.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::Display;
 using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::Error;
 using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::IComposer;
-using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::IComposerCallback;
 using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::Layer;
+using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::IComposerCallback;
 using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::IComposerClient;
 
 class Composer : public Hwc2::Composer {
@@ -120,8 +120,16 @@
     MOCK_METHOD3(setLayerPerFrameMetadataBlobs,
                  Error(Display, Layer, const std::vector<IComposerClient::PerFrameMetadataBlob>&));
     MOCK_METHOD2(setDisplayBrightness, Error(Display, float));
+    MOCK_METHOD0(isVsyncPeriodSwitchSupported, bool());
     MOCK_METHOD2(getDisplayCapabilities, Error(Display, std::vector<DisplayCapability>*));
-    MOCK_METHOD2(getDisplayConnectionType, Error(Display, IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType*));
+    MOCK_METHOD2(getDisplayConnectionType,
+                 V2_4::Error(Display, IComposerClient::DisplayConnectionType*));
+    MOCK_METHOD3(getSupportedDisplayVsyncPeriods,
+                 V2_4::Error(Display, Config, std::vector<VsyncPeriodNanos>*));
+    MOCK_METHOD2(getDisplayVsyncPeriod, V2_4::Error(Display, VsyncPeriodNanos*));
+    MOCK_METHOD4(setActiveConfigWithConstraints,
+                 V2_4::Error(Display, Config, const IComposerClient::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints&,
+                             VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline*));
 };
 
 } // namespace mock
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockTimeStats.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockTimeStats.h
index b1634a8..e94af49 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockTimeStats.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/mock/MockTimeStats.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     MOCK_METHOD0(incrementTotalFrames, void());
     MOCK_METHOD0(incrementMissedFrames, void());
     MOCK_METHOD0(incrementClientCompositionFrames, void());
+    MOCK_METHOD2(recordFrameDuration, void(nsecs_t, nsecs_t));
     MOCK_METHOD4(setPostTime, void(int32_t, uint64_t, const std::string&, nsecs_t));
     MOCK_METHOD3(setLatchTime, void(int32_t, uint64_t, nsecs_t));
     MOCK_METHOD3(setDesiredTime, void(int32_t, uint64_t, nsecs_t));