diff --git a/cmds/cmd/fuzzer/Android.bp b/cmds/cmd/fuzzer/Android.bp
index 8262bc2..a65f6de 100644
--- a/cmds/cmd/fuzzer/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/cmd/fuzzer/Android.bp
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libcmd",
-        "libutils",
         "liblog",
         "libselinux",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder",
+        "libutils",
     ],
     fuzz_config: {
         cc: [
diff --git a/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp b/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
index 99e0f4c..b2da6d5 100644
--- a/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
+++ b/cmds/idlcli/Android.bp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "idlcli-defaults",
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator-V1-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
         "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
diff --git a/libs/binder/Android.bp b/libs/binder/Android.bp
index 72d8afd..9875079 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/Android.bp
@@ -271,6 +271,15 @@
     defaults: ["libbinder_tls_defaults"],
 }
 
+// For testing
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libbinder_tls_static",
+    defaults: ["libbinder_tls_defaults"],
+    visibility: [
+        ":__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
 // AIDL interface between libbinder and framework.jar
 filegroup {
     name: "libbinder_aidl",
@@ -289,6 +298,9 @@
         "aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageChangeObserver.aidl",
         "aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl",
         "aidl/android/content/pm/PackageChangeEvent.aidl",
+        "aidl/android/content/pm/IStagedApexObserver.aidl",
+        "aidl/android/content/pm/ApexStagedEvent.aidl",
+        "aidl/android/content/pm/StagedApexInfo.aidl",
     ],
     path: "aidl",
 }
@@ -329,6 +341,8 @@
         "//packages/modules/Virtualization/authfs:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Virtualization/compos:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Virtualization/microdroid",
+        "//packages/modules/Virtualization/microdroid_manager",
+        "//packages/modules/Virtualization/virtualizationservice",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
index 956524a..b545484 100644
--- a/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/Parcel.cpp
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
     switch (obj.hdr.type) {
         case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
             if (obj.binder) {
-                LOG_REFS("Parcel %p acquiring reference on local %p", who, obj.cookie);
+                LOG_REFS("Parcel %p acquiring reference on local %llu", who, obj.cookie);
                 reinterpret_cast<IBinder*>(obj.cookie)->incStrong(who);
             }
             return;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
     switch (obj.hdr.type) {
         case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
             if (obj.binder) {
-                LOG_REFS("Parcel %p releasing reference on local %p", who, obj.cookie);
+                LOG_REFS("Parcel %p releasing reference on local %llu", who, obj.cookie);
                 reinterpret_cast<IBinder*>(obj.cookie)->decStrong(who);
             }
             return;
diff --git a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
index caa00a5..15b8604 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 
+#include <android-base/result.h>
 #include <binder/BpBinder.h>
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
@@ -384,74 +385,78 @@
     return mDriverName;
 }
 
-static int open_driver(const char *driver)
-{
+static base::Result<int> open_driver(const char* driver) {
     int fd = open(driver, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        int vers = 0;
-        status_t result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_VERSION, &vers);
-        if (result == -1) {
-            ALOGE("Binder ioctl to obtain version failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-            close(fd);
-            fd = -1;
-        }
-        if (result != 0 || vers != BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION) {
-          ALOGE("Binder driver protocol(%d) does not match user space protocol(%d)! ioctl() return value: %d",
-                vers, BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, result);
-            close(fd);
-            fd = -1;
-        }
-        size_t maxThreads = DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS;
-        result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS, &maxThreads);
-        if (result == -1) {
-            ALOGE("Binder ioctl to set max threads failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        }
-        uint32_t enable = DEFAULT_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION;
-        result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION, &enable);
-        if (result == -1) {
-            ALOGV("Binder ioctl to enable oneway spam detection failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        }
-    } else {
-        ALOGW("Opening '%s' failed: %s\n", driver, strerror(errno));
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        return base::ErrnoError() << "Opening '" << driver << "' failed";
+    }
+    int vers = 0;
+    status_t result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_VERSION, &vers);
+    if (result == -1) {
+        close(fd);
+        return base::ErrnoError() << "Binder ioctl to obtain version failed";
+    }
+    if (result != 0 || vers != BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION) {
+        close(fd);
+        return base::Error() << "Binder driver protocol(" << vers
+                             << ") does not match user space protocol("
+                             << BINDER_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_VERSION
+                             << ")! ioctl() return value: " << result;
+    }
+    size_t maxThreads = DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS;
+    result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_SET_MAX_THREADS, &maxThreads);
+    if (result == -1) {
+        ALOGE("Binder ioctl to set max threads failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+    }
+    uint32_t enable = DEFAULT_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION;
+    result = ioctl(fd, BINDER_ENABLE_ONEWAY_SPAM_DETECTION, &enable);
+    if (result == -1) {
+        ALOGV("Binder ioctl to enable oneway spam detection failed: %s", strerror(errno));
     }
     return fd;
 }
 
-ProcessState::ProcessState(const char *driver)
-    : mDriverName(String8(driver))
-    , mDriverFD(open_driver(driver))
-    , mVMStart(MAP_FAILED)
-    , mThreadCountLock(PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER)
-    , mThreadCountDecrement(PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER)
-    , mExecutingThreadsCount(0)
-    , mWaitingForThreads(0)
-    , mMaxThreads(DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS)
-    , mStarvationStartTimeMs(0)
-    , mThreadPoolStarted(false)
-    , mThreadPoolSeq(1)
-    , mCallRestriction(CallRestriction::NONE)
-{
-
+ProcessState::ProcessState(const char* driver)
+      : mDriverName(String8(driver)),
+        mDriverFD(-1),
+        mVMStart(MAP_FAILED),
+        mThreadCountLock(PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER),
+        mThreadCountDecrement(PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER),
+        mExecutingThreadsCount(0),
+        mWaitingForThreads(0),
+        mMaxThreads(DEFAULT_MAX_BINDER_THREADS),
+        mStarvationStartTimeMs(0),
+        mThreadPoolStarted(false),
+        mThreadPoolSeq(1),
+        mCallRestriction(CallRestriction::NONE) {
 // TODO(b/166468760): enforce in build system
 #if defined(__ANDROID_APEX__)
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Cannot use libbinder in APEX (only system.img libbinder) since it is not stable.");
 #endif
 
-    if (mDriverFD >= 0) {
+    base::Result<int> opened = open_driver(driver);
+
+    if (opened.ok()) {
         // mmap the binder, providing a chunk of virtual address space to receive transactions.
-        mVMStart = mmap(nullptr, BINDER_VM_SIZE, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE, mDriverFD, 0);
+        mVMStart = mmap(nullptr, BINDER_VM_SIZE, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE,
+                        opened.value(), 0);
         if (mVMStart == MAP_FAILED) {
+            close(opened.value());
             // *sigh*
-            ALOGE("Using %s failed: unable to mmap transaction memory.\n", mDriverName.c_str());
-            close(mDriverFD);
-            mDriverFD = -1;
+            opened = base::Error()
+                    << "Using " << driver << " failed: unable to mmap transaction memory.";
             mDriverName.clear();
         }
     }
 
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mDriverFD < 0, "Binder driver '%s' could not be opened.  Terminating.", driver);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!opened.ok(), "Binder driver '%s' could not be opened. Terminating: %s",
+                        driver, opened.error().message().c_str());
 #endif
+
+    if (opened.ok()) {
+        mDriverFD = opened.value();
+    }
 }
 
 ProcessState::~ProcessState()
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
index a20445b..ad9ba96 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcServer.cpp
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@
 using base::ScopeGuard;
 using base::unique_fd;
 
-RpcServer::RpcServer(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory)
-      : mRpcTransportCtxFactory(std::move(rpcTransportCtxFactory)) {}
+RpcServer::RpcServer(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> ctx) : mCtx(std::move(ctx)) {}
 RpcServer::~RpcServer() {
     (void)shutdown();
 }
@@ -49,7 +48,9 @@
     // Default is without TLS.
     if (rpcTransportCtxFactory == nullptr)
         rpcTransportCtxFactory = RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make();
-    return sp<RpcServer>::make(std::move(rpcTransportCtxFactory));
+    auto ctx = rpcTransportCtxFactory->newServerCtx();
+    if (ctx == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    return sp<RpcServer>::make(std::move(ctx));
 }
 
 void RpcServer::iUnderstandThisCodeIsExperimentalAndIWillNotUseItInProduction() {
@@ -138,6 +139,20 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+std::string RpcServer::getCertificate(CertificateFormat format) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    return mCtx->getCertificate(format);
+}
+
+status_t RpcServer::addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat format, std::string_view cert) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _l(mLock);
+    // Ensure that join thread is not running or shutdown trigger is not set up. In either case,
+    // it means there are child threads running. It is invalid to add trusted peer certificates
+    // after join thread and/or child threads are running to avoid race condition.
+    if (mJoinThreadRunning || mShutdownTrigger != nullptr) return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    return mCtx->addTrustedPeerCertificate(format, cert);
+}
+
 static void joinRpcServer(sp<RpcServer>&& thiz) {
     thiz->join();
 }
@@ -159,10 +174,6 @@
         mJoinThreadRunning = true;
         mShutdownTrigger = FdTrigger::make();
         LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mShutdownTrigger == nullptr, "Cannot create join signaler");
-
-        mCtx = mRpcTransportCtxFactory->newServerCtx();
-        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mCtx == nullptr, "Unable to create RpcTransportCtx with %s sockets",
-                            mRpcTransportCtxFactory->toCString());
     }
 
     status_t status;
@@ -229,7 +240,6 @@
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Finished waiting on shutdown.");
 
     mShutdownTrigger = nullptr;
-    mCtx = nullptr;
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
index 4c47005..c57b749 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcSession.cpp
@@ -49,8 +49,7 @@
 
 using base::unique_fd;
 
-RpcSession::RpcSession(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory)
-      : mRpcTransportCtxFactory(std::move(rpcTransportCtxFactory)) {
+RpcSession::RpcSession(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> ctx) : mCtx(std::move(ctx)) {
     LOG_RPC_DETAIL("RpcSession created %p", this);
 
     mState = std::make_unique<RpcState>();
@@ -63,11 +62,26 @@
                         "Should not be able to destroy a session with servers in use.");
 }
 
-sp<RpcSession> RpcSession::make(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory) {
+sp<RpcSession> RpcSession::make() {
     // Default is without TLS.
-    if (rpcTransportCtxFactory == nullptr)
-        rpcTransportCtxFactory = RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make();
-    return sp<RpcSession>::make(std::move(rpcTransportCtxFactory));
+    return make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make(), std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
+}
+
+sp<RpcSession> RpcSession::make(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory,
+                                std::optional<CertificateFormat> serverCertificateFormat,
+                                std::optional<std::string> serverCertificate) {
+    auto ctx = rpcTransportCtxFactory->newClientCtx();
+    if (ctx == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(serverCertificateFormat.has_value() != serverCertificate.has_value());
+    if (serverCertificateFormat.has_value() && serverCertificate.has_value()) {
+        status_t status =
+                ctx->addTrustedPeerCertificate(*serverCertificateFormat, *serverCertificate);
+        if (status != OK) {
+            ALOGE("Cannot add trusted server certificate: %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+    return sp<RpcSession>::make(std::move(ctx));
 }
 
 void RpcSession::setMaxThreads(size_t threads) {
@@ -155,12 +169,7 @@
         return -savedErrno;
     }
 
-    auto ctx = mRpcTransportCtxFactory->newClientCtx();
-    if (ctx == nullptr) {
-        ALOGE("Unable to create RpcTransportCtx for null debugging client");
-        return NO_MEMORY;
-    }
-    auto server = ctx->newTransport(std::move(serverFd), mShutdownTrigger.get());
+    auto server = mCtx->newTransport(std::move(serverFd), mShutdownTrigger.get());
     if (server == nullptr) {
         ALOGE("Unable to set up RpcTransport");
         return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
@@ -484,37 +493,39 @@
         }
 
         if (0 != TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(connect(serverFd.get(), addr.addr(), addr.addrSize()))) {
-            if (errno == ECONNRESET) {
+            int connErrno = errno;
+            if (connErrno == EAGAIN || connErrno == EINPROGRESS) {
+                // For non-blocking sockets, connect() may return EAGAIN (for unix domain socket) or
+                // EINPROGRESS (for others). Call poll() and getsockopt() to get the error.
+                status_t pollStatus = mShutdownTrigger->triggerablePoll(serverFd, POLLOUT);
+                if (pollStatus != OK) {
+                    ALOGE("Could not POLLOUT after connect() on non-blocking socket: %s",
+                          statusToString(pollStatus).c_str());
+                    return pollStatus;
+                }
+                // Set connErrno to the errno that connect() would have set if the fd were blocking.
+                socklen_t connErrnoLen = sizeof(connErrno);
+                int ret =
+                        getsockopt(serverFd.get(), SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &connErrno, &connErrnoLen);
+                if (ret == -1) {
+                    int savedErrno = errno;
+                    ALOGE("Could not getsockopt() after connect() on non-blocking socket: %s. "
+                          "(Original error from connect() is: %s)",
+                          strerror(savedErrno), strerror(connErrno));
+                    return -savedErrno;
+                }
+                // Retrieved the real connErrno as if connect() was called with a blocking socket
+                // fd. Continue checking connErrno.
+            }
+            if (connErrno == ECONNRESET) {
                 ALOGW("Connection reset on %s", addr.toString().c_str());
                 continue;
             }
-            if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINPROGRESS) {
-                int savedErrno = errno;
+            // connErrno could be zero if getsockopt determines so. Hence zero-check again.
+            if (connErrno != 0) {
                 ALOGE("Could not connect socket at %s: %s", addr.toString().c_str(),
-                      strerror(savedErrno));
-                return -savedErrno;
-            }
-            // For non-blocking sockets, connect() may return EAGAIN (for unix domain socket) or
-            // EINPROGRESS (for others). Call poll() and getsockopt() to get the error.
-            status_t pollStatus = mShutdownTrigger->triggerablePoll(serverFd, POLLOUT);
-            if (pollStatus != OK) {
-                ALOGE("Could not POLLOUT after connect() on non-blocking socket: %s",
-                      statusToString(pollStatus).c_str());
-                return pollStatus;
-            }
-            int soError;
-            socklen_t soErrorLen = sizeof(soError);
-            int ret = getsockopt(serverFd.get(), SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &soError, &soErrorLen);
-            if (ret == -1) {
-                int savedErrno = errno;
-                ALOGE("Could not getsockopt() after connect() on non-blocking socket: %s",
-                      strerror(savedErrno));
-                return -savedErrno;
-            }
-            if (soError != 0) {
-                ALOGE("After connect(), getsockopt() returns error for socket at %s: %s",
-                      addr.toString().c_str(), strerror(soError));
-                return -soError;
+                      strerror(connErrno));
+                return -connErrno;
             }
         }
         LOG_RPC_DETAIL("Socket at %s client with fd %d", addr.toString().c_str(), serverFd.get());
@@ -529,15 +540,9 @@
 status_t RpcSession::initAndAddConnection(unique_fd fd, const RpcAddress& sessionId,
                                           bool incoming) {
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mShutdownTrigger == nullptr);
-    auto ctx = mRpcTransportCtxFactory->newClientCtx();
-    if (ctx == nullptr) {
-        ALOGE("Unable to create client RpcTransportCtx with %s sockets",
-              mRpcTransportCtxFactory->toCString());
-        return NO_MEMORY;
-    }
-    auto server = ctx->newTransport(std::move(fd), mShutdownTrigger.get());
+    auto server = mCtx->newTransport(std::move(fd), mShutdownTrigger.get());
     if (server == nullptr) {
-        ALOGE("Unable to set up RpcTransport in %s context", mRpcTransportCtxFactory->toCString());
+        ALOGE("%s: Unable to set up RpcTransport", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
         return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
     }
 
@@ -692,6 +697,10 @@
     return false;
 }
 
+std::string RpcSession::getCertificate(CertificateFormat format) {
+    return mCtx->getCertificate(format);
+}
+
 status_t RpcSession::ExclusiveConnection::find(const sp<RpcSession>& session, ConnectionUse use,
                                                ExclusiveConnection* connection) {
     connection->mSession = session;
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
index d77fc52..930df12 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcTransportRaw.cpp
@@ -111,7 +111,10 @@
     std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> newTransport(android::base::unique_fd fd, FdTrigger*) const {
         return std::make_unique<RpcTransportRaw>(std::move(fd));
     }
+    std::string getCertificate(CertificateFormat) const override { return {}; }
+    status_t addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat, std::string_view) override { return OK; }
 };
+
 } // namespace
 
 std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::newServerCtx() const {
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp b/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
index a102913..e6cb04e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcTransportTls.cpp
@@ -166,6 +166,34 @@
     }
 }
 
+// Helper class to ErrorQueue::toString
+class ErrorQueueString {
+public:
+    static std::string toString() {
+        ErrorQueueString thiz;
+        ERR_print_errors_cb(staticCallback, &thiz);
+        return thiz.mSs.str();
+    }
+
+private:
+    static int staticCallback(const char* str, size_t len, void* ctx) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<ErrorQueueString*>(ctx)->callback(str, len);
+    }
+    int callback(const char* str, size_t len) {
+        if (len == 0) return 1; // continue
+        // ERR_print_errors_cb place a new line at the end, but it doesn't say so in the API.
+        if (str[len - 1] == '\n') len -= 1;
+        if (!mIsFirst) {
+            mSs << '\n';
+        }
+        mSs << std::string_view(str, len);
+        mIsFirst = false;
+        return 1; // continue
+    }
+    std::stringstream mSs;
+    bool mIsFirst = true;
+};
+
 // Handles libssl's error queue.
 //
 // Call into any of its member functions to ensure the error queue is properly handled or cleared.
@@ -182,17 +210,10 @@
 
     // Stores the error queue in |ssl| into a string, then clears the error queue.
     std::string toString() {
-        std::stringstream ss;
-        ERR_print_errors_cb(
-                [](const char* str, size_t len, void* ctx) {
-                    auto ss = (std::stringstream*)ctx;
-                    (*ss) << std::string_view(str, len) << "\n";
-                    return 1; // continue
-                },
-                &ss);
+        auto ret = ErrorQueueString::toString();
         // Though ERR_print_errors_cb should have cleared it, it is okay to clear again.
         clear();
-        return ss.str();
+        return ret;
     }
 
     // |sslError| should be from Ssl::getError().
@@ -428,65 +449,46 @@
     }
 }
 
-class RpcTransportCtxTlsServer : public RpcTransportCtx {
+class RpcTransportCtxTls : public RpcTransportCtx {
 public:
-    static std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTlsServer> create();
-    std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> newTransport(android::base::unique_fd acceptedFd,
+    template <typename Impl,
+              typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<RpcTransportCtxTls, Impl>>>
+    static std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTls> create();
+    std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> newTransport(android::base::unique_fd fd,
                                                FdTrigger* fdTrigger) const override;
+    std::string getCertificate(CertificateFormat) const override;
+    status_t addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat, std::string_view cert) override;
 
-private:
+protected:
+    virtual void preHandshake(Ssl* ssl) const = 0;
     bssl::UniquePtr<SSL_CTX> mCtx;
 };
 
-std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTlsServer> RpcTransportCtxTlsServer::create() {
+std::string RpcTransportCtxTls::getCertificate(CertificateFormat) const {
+    // TODO(b/195166979): return certificate here
+    return {};
+}
+
+status_t RpcTransportCtxTls::addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat, std::string_view) {
+    // TODO(b/195166979): set certificate here
+    return OK;
+}
+
+// Common implementation for creating server and client contexts. The child class, |Impl|, is
+// provided as a template argument so that this function can initialize an |Impl| object.
+template <typename Impl, typename>
+std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTls> RpcTransportCtxTls::create() {
     bssl::UniquePtr<SSL_CTX> ctx(SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method()));
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, ctx != nullptr);
 
-    // Server use self-signing cert
     auto evp_pkey = makeKeyPairForSelfSignedCert();
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, evp_pkey != nullptr);
     auto cert = makeSelfSignedCert(evp_pkey.get(), kCertValidDays);
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, cert != nullptr);
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ctx.get(), evp_pkey.get()));
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ctx.get(), cert.get()));
-    // Require at least TLS 1.3
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx.get(), TLS1_3_VERSION));
 
-    if constexpr (SHOULD_LOG_TLS_DETAIL) { // NOLINT
-        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx.get(), sslDebugLog);
-    }
-
-    auto rpcTransportTlsServerCtx = std::make_unique<RpcTransportCtxTlsServer>();
-    rpcTransportTlsServerCtx->mCtx = std::move(ctx);
-    return rpcTransportTlsServerCtx;
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> RpcTransportCtxTlsServer::newTransport(
-        android::base::unique_fd acceptedFd, FdTrigger* fdTrigger) const {
-    bssl::UniquePtr<SSL> ssl(SSL_new(mCtx.get()));
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, ssl != nullptr);
-    Ssl wrapped(std::move(ssl));
-
-    wrapped.call(SSL_set_accept_state).errorQueue.clear();
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, setFdAndDoHandshake(&wrapped, acceptedFd, fdTrigger));
-    return std::make_unique<RpcTransportTls>(std::move(acceptedFd), std::move(wrapped));
-}
-
-class RpcTransportCtxTlsClient : public RpcTransportCtx {
-public:
-    static std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTlsClient> create();
-    std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> newTransport(android::base::unique_fd connectedFd,
-                                               FdTrigger* fdTrigger) const override;
-
-private:
-    bssl::UniquePtr<SSL_CTX> mCtx;
-};
-
-std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxTlsClient> RpcTransportCtxTlsClient::create() {
-    bssl::UniquePtr<SSL_CTX> ctx(SSL_CTX_new(TLS_method()));
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, ctx != nullptr);
-
-    // TODO(b/195166979): server should send certificate in a different channel, and client
+    // TODO(b/195166979): peer should send certificate in a different channel, and this class
     //  should verify it here.
     SSL_CTX_set_custom_verify(ctx.get(), SSL_VERIFY_PEER,
                               [](SSL*, uint8_t*) -> ssl_verify_result_t { return ssl_verify_ok; });
@@ -498,30 +500,44 @@
         SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ctx.get(), sslDebugLog);
     }
 
-    auto rpcTransportTlsClientCtx = std::make_unique<RpcTransportCtxTlsClient>();
-    rpcTransportTlsClientCtx->mCtx = std::move(ctx);
-    return rpcTransportTlsClientCtx;
+    auto ret = std::make_unique<Impl>();
+    ret->mCtx = std::move(ctx);
+    return ret;
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> RpcTransportCtxTlsClient::newTransport(
-        android::base::unique_fd connectedFd, FdTrigger* fdTrigger) const {
+std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> RpcTransportCtxTls::newTransport(android::base::unique_fd fd,
+                                                               FdTrigger* fdTrigger) const {
     bssl::UniquePtr<SSL> ssl(SSL_new(mCtx.get()));
     TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, ssl != nullptr);
     Ssl wrapped(std::move(ssl));
 
-    wrapped.call(SSL_set_connect_state).errorQueue.clear();
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, setFdAndDoHandshake(&wrapped, connectedFd, fdTrigger));
-    return std::make_unique<RpcTransportTls>(std::move(connectedFd), std::move(wrapped));
+    preHandshake(&wrapped);
+    TEST_AND_RETURN(nullptr, setFdAndDoHandshake(&wrapped, fd, fdTrigger));
+    return std::make_unique<RpcTransportTls>(std::move(fd), std::move(wrapped));
 }
 
+class RpcTransportCtxTlsServer : public RpcTransportCtxTls {
+protected:
+    void preHandshake(Ssl* ssl) const override {
+        ssl->call(SSL_set_accept_state).errorQueue.clear();
+    }
+};
+
+class RpcTransportCtxTlsClient : public RpcTransportCtxTls {
+protected:
+    void preHandshake(Ssl* ssl) const override {
+        ssl->call(SSL_set_connect_state).errorQueue.clear();
+    }
+};
+
 } // namespace
 
 std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::newServerCtx() const {
-    return android::RpcTransportCtxTlsServer::create();
+    return android::RpcTransportCtxTls::create<RpcTransportCtxTlsServer>();
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::newClientCtx() const {
-    return android::RpcTransportCtxTlsClient::create();
+    return android::RpcTransportCtxTls::create<RpcTransportCtxTlsClient>();
 }
 
 const char* RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::toCString() const {
diff --git a/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h b/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
index 0f8efd2..c73d8c2 100644
--- a/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
+++ b/libs/binder/RpcWireFormat.h
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@
 
     uint32_t reserved[4];
 
-    uint8_t data[0];
+    uint8_t data[];
 };
 
 struct RpcWireReply {
     int32_t status; // transact return
-    uint8_t data[0];
+    uint8_t data[];
 };
 
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
diff --git a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
index 9c5ce67..ebb0d27 100644
--- a/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/libs/binder/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
       "name": "binderStabilityTest"
     },
     {
+      "name": "binderRpcWireProtocolTest"
+    },
+    {
       "name": "binderUtilsHostTest"
     },
     {
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/ApexStagedEvent.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/ApexStagedEvent.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75f8753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/ApexStagedEvent.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.content.pm;
+
+/**
+ * This event is designed for notification to native code listener about
+ * any changes to set of apex packages staged for installation on next boot.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+parcelable ApexStagedEvent {
+  @utf8InCpp String[] stagedApexModuleNames;
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl
index dc8d74c..c076be7 100644
--- a/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IPackageManagerNative.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 package android.content.pm;
 
 import android.content.pm.IPackageChangeObserver;
+import android.content.pm.IStagedApexObserver;
+import android.content.pm.StagedApexInfo;
 
 /**
  * Parallel implementation of certain {@link PackageManager} APIs that need to
@@ -101,4 +103,24 @@
      * This does nothing if this observer was not already registered.
      */
     void unregisterPackageChangeObserver(in IPackageChangeObserver observer);
+
+    /** Register a observer for change in set of staged APEX ready for installation */
+    void registerStagedApexObserver(in IStagedApexObserver observer);
+
+    /**
+     * Unregister an existing staged apex observer.
+     * This does nothing if this observer was not already registered.
+     */
+    void unregisterStagedApexObserver(in IStagedApexObserver observer);
+
+    /**
+     * Get APEX module names of all APEX that are staged ready for installation
+     */
+    @utf8InCpp String[] getStagedApexModuleNames();
+
+    /**
+     * Get information of APEX which is staged ready for installation.
+     * Returns null if no such APEX is found.
+     */
+    StagedApexInfo getStagedApexInfo(in @utf8InCpp String moduleName);
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IStagedApexObserver.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IStagedApexObserver.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9906436
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/IStagedApexObserver.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.content.pm;
+
+import android.content.pm.ApexStagedEvent;
+
+/**
+ * This is a non-blocking notification when set of staged apex has changed
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+oneway interface IStagedApexObserver {
+  void onApexStaged(in ApexStagedEvent event);
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/StagedApexInfo.aidl b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/StagedApexInfo.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ece7989
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/aidl/android/content/pm/StagedApexInfo.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.content.pm;
+
+/**
+ * This object is designed for returning information regarding
+ * staged APEX that are ready to be installed on next reboot.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+parcelable StagedApexInfo {
+  @utf8InCpp String moduleName;
+  @utf8InCpp String diskImagePath;
+  long versionCode;
+  @utf8InCpp String versionName;
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
index bf3e7e0..d0e4e27 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcServer.h
@@ -134,6 +134,17 @@
     sp<IBinder> getRootObject();
 
     /**
+     * See RpcTransportCtx::getCertificate
+     */
+    std::string getCertificate(CertificateFormat);
+
+    /**
+     * See RpcTransportCtx::addTrustedPeerCertificate.
+     * Thread-safe. This is only possible before the server is join()-ing.
+     */
+    status_t addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat, std::string_view cert);
+
+    /**
      * Runs join() in a background thread. Immediately returns.
      */
     void start();
@@ -170,7 +181,7 @@
 
 private:
     friend sp<RpcServer>;
-    explicit RpcServer(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory);
+    explicit RpcServer(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> ctx);
 
     void onSessionAllIncomingThreadsEnded(const sp<RpcSession>& session) override;
     void onSessionIncomingThreadEnded() override;
@@ -178,7 +189,7 @@
     static void establishConnection(sp<RpcServer>&& server, base::unique_fd clientFd);
     status_t setupSocketServer(const RpcSocketAddress& address);
 
-    const std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> mRpcTransportCtxFactory;
+    const std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> mCtx;
     bool mAgreedExperimental = false;
     size_t mMaxThreads = 1;
     std::optional<uint32_t> mProtocolVersion;
@@ -193,7 +204,6 @@
     std::map<RpcAddress, sp<RpcSession>> mSessions;
     std::unique_ptr<FdTrigger> mShutdownTrigger;
     std::condition_variable mShutdownCv;
-    std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> mCtx;
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
index 6e6eb74..d92af0a 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcSession.h
@@ -51,8 +51,15 @@
  */
 class RpcSession final : public virtual RefBase {
 public:
-    static sp<RpcSession> make(
-            std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory = nullptr);
+    // Create an RpcSession with default configuration (raw sockets).
+    static sp<RpcSession> make();
+
+    // Create an RpcSession with the given configuration. |serverCertificateFormat| and
+    // |serverCertificate| must have values or be nullopt simultaneously. If they have values, set
+    // server certificate.
+    static sp<RpcSession> make(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory,
+                               std::optional<CertificateFormat> serverCertificateFormat,
+                               std::optional<std::string> serverCertificate);
 
     /**
      * Set the maximum number of threads allowed to be made (for things like callbacks).
@@ -125,6 +132,11 @@
     status_t getRemoteMaxThreads(size_t* maxThreads);
 
     /**
+     * See RpcTransportCtx::getCertificate
+     */
+    std::string getCertificate(CertificateFormat);
+
+    /**
      * Shuts down the service.
      *
      * For client sessions, wait can be true or false. For server sessions,
@@ -159,7 +171,7 @@
     friend sp<RpcSession>;
     friend RpcServer;
     friend RpcState;
-    explicit RpcSession(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> rpcTransportCtxFactory);
+    explicit RpcSession(std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> ctx);
 
     class EventListener : public virtual RefBase {
     public:
@@ -259,7 +271,7 @@
         bool mReentrant = false;
     };
 
-    const std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> mRpcTransportCtxFactory;
+    const std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtx> mCtx;
 
     // On the other side of a session, for each of mOutgoingConnections here, there should
     // be one of mIncomingConnections on the other side (and vice versa).
diff --git a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
index 1b69519..8d08b34 100644
--- a/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
+++ b/libs/binder/include/binder/RpcTransport.h
@@ -29,7 +29,13 @@
 
 class FdTrigger;
 
+enum class CertificateFormat {
+    PEM,
+    // TODO(b/195166979): support other formats, e.g. DER
+};
+
 // Represents a socket connection.
+// No thread-safety is guaranteed for these APIs.
 class RpcTransport {
 public:
     virtual ~RpcTransport() = default;
@@ -53,22 +59,43 @@
 };
 
 // Represents the context that generates the socket connection.
+// All APIs are thread-safe. See RpcTransportCtxRaw and RpcTransportCtxTls for details.
 class RpcTransportCtx {
 public:
     virtual ~RpcTransportCtx() = default;
 
     // Create a new RpcTransport object.
     //
-    // Implemenion details: for TLS, this function may incur I/O. |fdTrigger| may be used
+    // Implementation details: for TLS, this function may incur I/O. |fdTrigger| may be used
     // to interrupt I/O. This function blocks until handshake is finished.
     [[nodiscard]] virtual std::unique_ptr<RpcTransport> newTransport(
             android::base::unique_fd fd, FdTrigger *fdTrigger) const = 0;
 
+    // Return the preconfigured certificate of this context.
+    //
+    // Implementation details:
+    // - For raw sockets, this always returns empty string.
+    // - For TLS, this returns the certificate. See RpcTransportTls for details.
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::string getCertificate(CertificateFormat format) const = 0;
+
+    // Add a trusted peer certificate. Peers presenting this certificate are accepted.
+    //
+    // Caller must ensure that newTransport() are called after all trusted peer certificates
+    // are added. Otherwise, RpcTransport-s created before may not trust peer certificates
+    // added later.
+    //
+    // Implementation details:
+    // - For raw sockets, this always returns OK.
+    // - For TLS, this adds trusted peer certificate. See RpcTransportTls for details.
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual status_t addTrustedPeerCertificate(CertificateFormat format,
+                                                             std::string_view cert) = 0;
+
 protected:
     RpcTransportCtx() = default;
 };
 
 // A factory class that generates RpcTransportCtx.
+// All APIs are thread-safe.
 class RpcTransportCtxFactory {
 public:
     virtual ~RpcTransportCtxFactory() = default;
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
index 11e9fc5..23db59e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder.cpp
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
 status_t ABBinder::onTransact(transaction_code_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply,
                               binder_flags_t flags) {
     if (isUserCommand(code)) {
-        if (!data.checkInterface(this)) {
+        if (getClass()->writeHeader && !data.checkInterface(this)) {
             return STATUS_BAD_TYPE;
         }
 
@@ -354,6 +354,12 @@
     clazz->onDump = onDump;
 }
 
+void AIBinder_Class_disableInterfaceTokenHeader(AIBinder_Class* clazz) {
+    CHECK(clazz != nullptr) << "disableInterfaceTokenHeader requires non-null clazz";
+
+    clazz->writeHeader = false;
+}
+
 void AIBinder_Class_setHandleShellCommand(AIBinder_Class* clazz,
                                           AIBinder_handleShellCommand handleShellCommand) {
     CHECK(clazz != nullptr) << "setHandleShellCommand requires non-null clazz";
@@ -606,7 +612,10 @@
     *in = new AParcel(binder);
     (*in)->get()->markForBinder(binder->getBinder());
 
-    status_t status = (*in)->get()->writeInterfaceToken(clazz->getInterfaceDescriptor());
+    status_t status = android::OK;
+    if (clazz->writeHeader) {
+        status = (*in)->get()->writeInterfaceToken(clazz->getInterfaceDescriptor());
+    }
     binder_status_t ret = PruneStatusT(status);
 
     if (ret != STATUS_OK) {
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
index f2c69b3..6509545 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/ibinder_internal.h
@@ -116,6 +116,9 @@
     const ::android::String16& getInterfaceDescriptor() const { return mWideInterfaceDescriptor; }
     const char* getInterfaceDescriptorUtf8() const { return mInterfaceDescriptor.c_str(); }
 
+    // whether a transaction header should be written
+    bool writeHeader = true;
+
     // required to be non-null, implemented for every class
     const AIBinder_Class_onCreate onCreate;
     const AIBinder_Class_onDestroy onDestroy;
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
index 78f2d3a..c82df83 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/include_ndk/android/binder_ibinder.h
@@ -219,6 +219,21 @@
 void AIBinder_Class_setOnDump(AIBinder_Class* clazz, AIBinder_onDump onDump) __INTRODUCED_IN(29);
 
 /**
+ * This tells users of this class not to use a transaction header. By default, libbinder_ndk users
+ * read/write transaction headers implicitly (in the SDK, this must be manually written by
+ * android.os.Parcel#writeInterfaceToken, and it is read/checked with
+ * android.os.Parcel#enforceInterface). This method is provided in order to talk to legacy code
+ * which does not write an interface token. When this is disabled, type safety is reduced, so you
+ * must have a separate way of determining the binder you are talking to is the right type. Must
+ * be called before any instance of the class is created.
+ *
+ * Available since API level 32.
+ *
+ * \param clazz class to disable interface header on.
+ */
+void AIBinder_Class_disableInterfaceTokenHeader(AIBinder_Class* clazz) __INTRODUCED_IN(32);
+
+/**
  * Creates a new binder object of the appropriate class.
  *
  * Ownership of args is passed to this object. The lifecycle is implemented with AIBinder_incStrong
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
index 685ebb5..1975bdc 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/libbinder_ndk.map.txt
@@ -141,6 +141,11 @@
     AParcel_reset;
 };
 
+LIBBINDER_NDK32 { # introduced=32
+  global:
+    AIBinder_Class_disableInterfaceTokenHeader;
+};
+
 LIBBINDER_NDK_PLATFORM {
   global:
     AParcel_getAllowFds;
diff --git a/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
index 488009f..8ee396e 100644
--- a/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/ndk/tests/Android.bp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
     srcs: ["libbinder_ndk_unit_test.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
         "IBinderNdkUnitTest-cpp",
-        "IBinderNdkUnitTest-ndk_platform",
+        "IBinderNdkUnitTest-ndk",
     ],
     test_suites: [
         "general-tests",
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest-cpp",
-        "IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest-ndk_platform",
-        "libbinder_aidl_test_stub-ndk_platform",
+        "IBinderVendorDoubleLoadTest-ndk",
+        "libbinder_aidl_test_stub-ndk",
     ],
     // critical that libbinder/libbinder_ndk are shared for VTS
     shared_libs: [
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp b/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp
index 8d27eed..fe2da18 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/Android.bp
@@ -135,3 +135,23 @@
         "libbinder_ndk_sys",
     ],
 }
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "libbinder_ndk_bindgen_test",
+    srcs: [":libbinder_ndk_bindgen"],
+    crate_name: "binder_ndk_bindgen",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+    clippy_lints: "none",
+    lints: "none",
+}
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "libbinder_rpc_unstable_bindgen_test",
+    srcs: [":libbinder_rpc_unstable_bindgen"],
+    crate_name: "binder_rpc_unstable_bindgen",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+    clippy_lints: "none",
+    lints: "none",
+}
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
index cdd7c08..b03ed49 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/src/proxy.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 ///
 /// This struct encapsulates the generic C++ `sp<IBinder>` class. This wrapper
 /// is untyped; typed interface access is implemented by the AIDL compiler.
-pub struct SpIBinder(*mut sys::AIBinder);
+pub struct SpIBinder(ptr::NonNull<sys::AIBinder>);
 
 impl fmt::Debug for SpIBinder {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
     /// to an `AIBinder`, which will remain valid for the entire lifetime of the
     /// `SpIBinder` (we keep a strong reference, and only decrement on drop).
     pub(crate) unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *mut sys::AIBinder) -> Option<Self> {
-        ptr.as_mut().map(|p| Self(p))
+        ptr::NonNull::new(ptr).map(Self)
     }
 
     /// Extract a raw `AIBinder` pointer from this wrapper.
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
     /// The SpIBinder object retains ownership of the AIBinder and the caller
     /// should not attempt to free the returned pointer.
     pub unsafe fn as_raw(&self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder {
-        self.0
+        self.0.as_ptr()
     }
 
     /// Return true if this binder object is hosted in a different process than
@@ -176,13 +176,13 @@
             // Safety: SpIBinder always holds a valid `AIBinder` pointer, so
             // this pointer is always safe to pass to `AIBinder_lt` (null is
             // also safe to pass to this function, but we should never do that).
-            sys::AIBinder_lt(self.0, other.0)
+            sys::AIBinder_lt(self.0.as_ptr(), other.0.as_ptr())
         };
         let greater_than = unsafe {
             // Safety: SpIBinder always holds a valid `AIBinder` pointer, so
             // this pointer is always safe to pass to `AIBinder_lt` (null is
             // also safe to pass to this function, but we should never do that).
-            sys::AIBinder_lt(other.0, self.0)
+            sys::AIBinder_lt(other.0.as_ptr(), self.0.as_ptr())
         };
         if !less_than && !greater_than {
             Ordering::Equal
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
 
 impl PartialEq for SpIBinder {
     fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        ptr::eq(self.0, other.0)
+        ptr::eq(self.0.as_ptr(), other.0.as_ptr())
     }
 }
 
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
             // Safety: Cloning a strong reference must increment the reference
             // count. We are guaranteed by the `SpIBinder` constructor
             // invariants that `self.0` is always a valid `AIBinder` pointer.
-            sys::AIBinder_incStrong(self.0);
+            sys::AIBinder_incStrong(self.0.as_ptr());
         }
         Self(self.0)
     }
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@
 ///
 /// This struct encapsulates the generic C++ `wp<IBinder>` class. This wrapper
 /// is untyped; typed interface access is implemented by the AIDL compiler.
-pub struct WpIBinder(*mut sys::AIBinder_Weak);
+pub struct WpIBinder(ptr::NonNull<sys::AIBinder_Weak>);
 
 impl fmt::Debug for WpIBinder {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
@@ -470,8 +470,7 @@
             // valid pointer to an `AIBinder`.
             sys::AIBinder_Weak_new(binder.as_native_mut())
         };
-        assert!(!ptr.is_null());
-        Self(ptr)
+        Self(ptr::NonNull::new(ptr).expect("Unexpected null pointer from AIBinder_Weak_new"))
     }
 
     /// Promote this weak reference to a strong reference to the binder object.
@@ -481,7 +480,7 @@
             // can pass this pointer to `AIBinder_Weak_promote`. Returns either
             // null or an AIBinder owned by the caller, both of which are valid
             // to pass to `SpIBinder::from_raw`.
-            let ptr = sys::AIBinder_Weak_promote(self.0);
+            let ptr = sys::AIBinder_Weak_promote(self.0.as_ptr());
             SpIBinder::from_raw(ptr)
         }
     }
@@ -496,13 +495,9 @@
             //
             // We get ownership of the returned pointer, so can construct a new
             // WpIBinder object from it.
-            sys::AIBinder_Weak_clone(self.0)
+            sys::AIBinder_Weak_clone(self.0.as_ptr())
         };
-        assert!(
-            !ptr.is_null(),
-            "Unexpected null pointer from AIBinder_Weak_clone"
-        );
-        Self(ptr)
+        Self(ptr::NonNull::new(ptr).expect("Unexpected null pointer from AIBinder_Weak_clone"))
     }
 }
 
@@ -513,14 +508,14 @@
             // so this pointer is always safe to pass to `AIBinder_Weak_lt`
             // (null is also safe to pass to this function, but we should never
             // do that).
-            sys::AIBinder_Weak_lt(self.0, other.0)
+            sys::AIBinder_Weak_lt(self.0.as_ptr(), other.0.as_ptr())
         };
         let greater_than = unsafe {
             // Safety: WpIBinder always holds a valid `AIBinder_Weak` pointer,
             // so this pointer is always safe to pass to `AIBinder_Weak_lt`
             // (null is also safe to pass to this function, but we should never
             // do that).
-            sys::AIBinder_Weak_lt(other.0, self.0)
+            sys::AIBinder_Weak_lt(other.0.as_ptr(), self.0.as_ptr())
         };
         if !less_than && !greater_than {
             Ordering::Equal
@@ -551,7 +546,7 @@
         unsafe {
             // Safety: WpIBinder always holds a valid `AIBinder_Weak` pointer, so we
             // know this pointer is safe to pass to `AIBinder_Weak_delete` here.
-            sys::AIBinder_Weak_delete(self.0);
+            sys::AIBinder_Weak_delete(self.0.as_ptr());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -716,10 +711,10 @@
 /// `AIBinder`, so we can trivially extract this pointer here.
 unsafe impl AsNative<sys::AIBinder> for SpIBinder {
     fn as_native(&self) -> *const sys::AIBinder {
-        self.0
+        self.0.as_ptr()
     }
 
     fn as_native_mut(&mut self) -> *mut sys::AIBinder {
-        self.0
+        self.0.as_ptr()
     }
 }
diff --git a/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
index 607860f..ecc61f4 100644
--- a/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/rust/tests/Android.bp
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
         "libbinder_ndk",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest-ndk_platform",
+        "IBinderRustNdkInteropTest-ndk",
         "libbinder_ndk_rust_interop",
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
index 24afcf6..13ea827 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/Android.bp
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@
     defaults: [
         "binder_test_defaults",
         "libbinder_ndk_host_user",
+        "libbinder_tls_shared_deps",
     ],
 
     srcs: [
@@ -159,8 +160,9 @@
         "liblog",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "libbinder_tls_static",
         "binderRpcTestIface-cpp",
-        "binderRpcTestIface-ndk_platform",
+        "binderRpcTestIface-ndk",
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
     require_root: true,
@@ -188,6 +190,33 @@
 }
 
 cc_test {
+    name: "binderRpcWireProtocolTest",
+    host_supported: true,
+    target: {
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+        android: {
+            test_suites: ["vts"],
+        },
+    },
+    defaults: [
+        "binder_test_defaults",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+        "libcutils",
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
     name: "binderThroughputTest",
     defaults: ["binder_test_defaults"],
     srcs: ["binderThroughputTest.cpp"],
@@ -296,7 +325,7 @@
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "binderStabilityTestIface-cpp",
-        "binderStabilityTestIface-ndk_platform",
+        "binderStabilityTestIface-ndk",
     ],
 
     test_suites: ["device-tests", "vts"],
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
index 15ccae9..7c405d3 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcTest.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <binder/RpcSession.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransport.h>
 #include <binder/RpcTransportRaw.h>
+#include <binder/RpcTransportTls.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
@@ -54,16 +55,18 @@
               RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL);
 const char* kLocalInetAddress = "127.0.0.1";
 
-enum class RpcSecurity { RAW };
+enum class RpcSecurity { RAW, TLS };
 
 static inline std::vector<RpcSecurity> RpcSecurityValues() {
-    return {RpcSecurity::RAW};
+    return {RpcSecurity::RAW, RpcSecurity::TLS};
 }
 
 static inline std::unique_ptr<RpcTransportCtxFactory> newFactory(RpcSecurity rpcSecurity) {
     switch (rpcSecurity) {
         case RpcSecurity::RAW:
             return RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make();
+        case RpcSecurity::TLS:
+            return RpcTransportCtxFactoryTls::make();
         default:
             LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unknown RpcSecurity %d", rpcSecurity);
     }
@@ -519,7 +522,8 @@
         status_t status;
 
         for (size_t i = 0; i < options.numSessions; i++) {
-            sp<RpcSession> session = RpcSession::make(newFactory(rpcSecurity));
+            sp<RpcSession> session =
+                    RpcSession::make(newFactory(rpcSecurity), std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
             session->setMaxThreads(options.numIncomingConnections);
 
             switch (socketType) {
@@ -1204,7 +1208,8 @@
     }
     server->start();
 
-    sp<RpcSession> session = RpcSession::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make());
+    sp<RpcSession> session =
+            RpcSession::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make(), std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
     status_t status = session->setupVsockClient(VMADDR_CID_LOCAL, vsockPort);
     while (!server->shutdown()) usleep(10000);
     ALOGE("Detected vsock loopback supported: %s", statusToString(status).c_str());
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46e9630
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/binderRpcWireProtocolTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android-base/hex.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <binder/RpcSession.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "../Debug.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+static const int32_t kInt32Array[] = {-1, 0, 17};
+static const uint8_t kByteArray[] = {0, 17, 255};
+enum EnumInt8 : int8_t { Int8A, Int8B };
+enum EnumInt32 : int32_t { Int32A, Int32B };
+enum EnumInt64 : int64_t { Int64A, Int64B };
+struct AParcelable : Parcelable {
+    status_t writeToParcel(Parcel* parcel) const { return parcel->writeInt32(37); }
+    status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel*) { return OK; }
+};
+
+// clang-format off
+constexpr size_t kFillFunIndexLineBase = __LINE__ + 2;
+static const std::vector<std::function<void(Parcel* p)>> kFillFuns {
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInterfaceToken(String16(u"tok"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32(-1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32(0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32(17)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint32(0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint32(1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint32(10003)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64(-1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64(0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64(17)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64(0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64(1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64(10003)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloat(0.0f)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloat(0.1f)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloat(9.1f)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDouble(0.0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDouble(0.1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDouble(9.1)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCString("")); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCString("a")); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCString("baba")); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString8(String8(""))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString8(String8("a"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString8(String8("baba"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16(String16(u""))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16(String16(u"a"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16(String16(u"baba"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeStrongBinder(nullptr)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32Array(arraysize(kInt32Array), kInt32Array)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteArray(arraysize(kByteArray), kByteArray)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBool(true)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBool(false)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeChar('a')); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeChar('?')); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeChar('\0')); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByte(-128)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByte(0)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByte(127)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::string(""))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::string("a"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::string("abab"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::nullopt)); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::optional<std::string>(""))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::optional<std::string>("a"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8AsUtf16(std::optional<std::string>("abab"))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<int8_t>>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::vector<int8_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::vector<int8_t>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::vector<uint8_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeByteVector(std::vector<uint8_t>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32Vector(std::vector<int32_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt32Vector(std::vector<int32_t>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<int64_t>>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64Vector(std::vector<int64_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeInt64Vector(std::vector<int64_t>({-1, 0, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64Vector(std::optional<std::vector<uint64_t>>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64Vector(std::vector<uint64_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUint64Vector(std::vector<uint64_t>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloatVector(std::optional<std::vector<float>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloatVector(std::optional<std::vector<float>>({0.0f, 0.1f, 9.1f}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloatVector(std::vector<float>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeFloatVector(std::vector<float>({0.0f, 0.1f, 9.1f}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDoubleVector(std::optional<std::vector<double>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDoubleVector(std::optional<std::vector<double>>({0.0, 0.1, 9.1}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDoubleVector(std::vector<double>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeDoubleVector(std::vector<double>({0.0, 0.1, 9.1}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBoolVector(std::optional<std::vector<bool>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBoolVector(std::optional<std::vector<bool>>({true, false}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBoolVector(std::vector<bool>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeBoolVector(std::vector<bool>({true, false}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCharVector(std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCharVector(std::optional<std::vector<char16_t>>({'a', '\0', '?'}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCharVector(std::vector<char16_t>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeCharVector(std::vector<char16_t>({'a', '\0', '?'}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16Vector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16Vector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<String16>>>({std::nullopt, String16(), String16(u"a")}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16Vector(std::vector<std::optional<String16>>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeString16Vector(std::vector<std::optional<String16>>({std::nullopt, String16(), String16(u"a")}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>>({std::nullopt, std::string(), std::string("a")}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeUtf8VectorAsUtf16Vector(std::vector<std::optional<std::string>>({std::nullopt, std::string(), std::string("a")}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeStrongBinderVector(std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeStrongBinderVector(std::optional<std::vector<sp<IBinder>>>({nullptr}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeStrongBinderVector(std::vector<sp<IBinder>>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeStrongBinderVector(std::vector<sp<IBinder>>({nullptr}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt8>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt8>>({Int8A, Int8B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::vector<EnumInt8>({Int8A, Int8B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt32>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt32>>({Int32A, Int32B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::vector<EnumInt32>({Int32A, Int32B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt64>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::optional<std::vector<EnumInt64>>({Int64A, Int64B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeEnumVector(std::vector<EnumInt64>({Int64A, Int64B}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeParcelableVector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<AParcelable>>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeParcelableVector(std::optional<std::vector<std::optional<AParcelable>>>({AParcelable()}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeParcelableVector(std::vector<AParcelable>({AParcelable()}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeNullableParcelable(std::optional<AParcelable>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeNullableParcelable(std::optional<AParcelable>(AParcelable()))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeParcelable(AParcelable())); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeVectorSize(std::vector<int32_t>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeVectorSize(std::vector<AParcelable>({}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeVectorSize(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>(std::nullopt))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeVectorSize(std::optional<std::vector<int32_t>>({0, 1, 17}))); },
+    [](Parcel* p) { ASSERT_EQ(OK, p->writeNoException()); },
+};
+// clang-format on
+
+static void setParcelForRpc(Parcel* p, uint32_t version) {
+    auto session = RpcSession::make();
+    CHECK(session->setProtocolVersion(version));
+    CHECK_EQ(OK, session->addNullDebuggingClient());
+    p->markForRpc(session);
+}
+
+static std::string buildRepr(uint32_t version) {
+    std::string result;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kFillFuns.size(); i++) {
+        if (i != 0) result += "|";
+        Parcel p;
+        setParcelForRpc(&p, version);
+        kFillFuns[i](&p);
+
+        result += base::HexString(p.data(), p.dataSize());
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void checkRepr(const std::string& repr, uint32_t version) {
+    const std::string actualRepr = buildRepr(version);
+
+    auto expected = base::Split(repr, "|");
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected.size(), kFillFuns.size());
+
+    auto actual = base::Split(actualRepr, "|");
+    ASSERT_EQ(actual.size(), kFillFuns.size());
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kFillFuns.size(); i++) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(expected[i], actual[i])
+                << "Format mismatch, see " __FILE__ " line " << (kFillFunIndexLineBase + i);
+    }
+
+    // same check as in the loop, but the above error is more clear to debug,
+    // and this error is more clear to be able to update the source file here.
+    EXPECT_EQ(repr, actualRepr);
+}
+
+const std::string kCurrentRepr =
+        "0300000074006f006b000000|ffffffff|00000000|11000000|00000000|01000000|13270000|"
+        "ffffffffffffffff|0000000000000000|1100000000000000|0000000000000000|0100000000000000|"
+        "1327000000000000|00000000|cdcccc3d|9a991141|0000000000000000|9a9999999999b93f|"
+        "3333333333332240|00000000|61000000|6261626100000000|0000000000000000|0100000061000000|"
+        "040000006261626100000000|0000000000000000|0100000061000000|"
+        "04000000620061006200610000000000|0000000000000000|03000000ffffffff0000000011000000|"
+        "030000000011ff00|01000000|00000000|61000000|3f000000|00000000|80ffffff|00000000|7f000000|"
+        "0000000000000000|0100000061000000|04000000610062006100620000000000|ffffffff|"
+        "0000000000000000|0100000061000000|04000000610062006100620000000000|ffffffff|"
+        "03000000ff001100|00000000|03000000ff001100|ffffffff|0300000000011100|00000000|"
+        "0300000000011100|ffffffff|03000000ffffffff0000000011000000|00000000|"
+        "03000000ffffffff0000000011000000|ffffffff|"
+        "03000000ffffffffffffffff00000000000000001100000000000000|00000000|"
+        "03000000ffffffffffffffff00000000000000001100000000000000|ffffffff|"
+        "03000000000000000000000001000000000000001100000000000000|00000000|"
+        "03000000000000000000000001000000000000001100000000000000|ffffffff|"
+        "0300000000000000cdcccc3d9a991141|00000000|0300000000000000cdcccc3d9a991141|ffffffff|"
+        "0300000000000000000000009a9999999999b93f3333333333332240|00000000|"
+        "0300000000000000000000009a9999999999b93f3333333333332240|ffffffff|"
+        "020000000100000000000000|00000000|020000000100000000000000|ffffffff|"
+        "0300000061000000000000003f000000|00000000|0300000061000000000000003f000000|ffffffff|"
+        "03000000ffffffff00000000000000000100000061000000|00000000|"
+        "03000000ffffffff00000000000000000100000061000000|ffffffff|"
+        "03000000ffffffff00000000000000000100000061000000|00000000|"
+        "03000000ffffffff00000000000000000100000061000000|ffffffff|010000000000000000000000|"
+        "00000000|010000000000000000000000|ffffffff|0200000000010000|0200000000010000|ffffffff|"
+        "020000000000000001000000|020000000000000001000000|ffffffff|"
+        "0200000000000000000000000100000000000000|0200000000000000000000000100000000000000|"
+        "ffffffff|010000000100000025000000|010000000100000025000000|00000000|0100000025000000|"
+        "0100000025000000|03000000|00000000|ffffffff|03000000|00000000";
+
+TEST(RpcWire, CurrentVersion) {
+    checkRepr(kCurrentRepr, RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
+}
+
+static_assert(RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL,
+              "you better update this test!");
+
+TEST(RpcWire, ReleaseBranchHasFrozenRpcWireProtocol) {
+    if (RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL) {
+        EXPECT_FALSE(base::GetProperty("ro.build.version.codename", "") == "REL")
+                << "Binder RPC wire protocol must be frozen on a release branch!";
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(RpcWire, IfNotExperimentalCodeHasNoExperimentalFeatures) {
+    if (RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION == RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Version is experimental, so experimental features are okay.";
+    }
+
+    // if we set the wire protocol version to experimental, none of the code
+    // should introduce a difference (if this fails, it means we have features
+    // which are enabled under experimental mode, but we aren't actually using
+    // or testing them!)
+    checkRepr(kCurrentRepr, RPC_WIRE_PROTOCOL_VERSION_EXPERIMENTAL);
+}
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/random_parcel.cpp b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/random_parcel.cpp
index 8bf04cc..7fd9f6b 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/random_parcel.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/parcel_fuzzer/random_parcel.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@
 
 void fillRandomParcel(Parcel* p, FuzzedDataProvider&& provider) {
     if (provider.ConsumeBool()) {
-        auto session = RpcSession::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make());
+        auto session =
+                RpcSession::make(RpcTransportCtxFactoryRaw::make(), std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
         CHECK_EQ(OK, session->addNullDebuggingClient());
         p->markForRpc(session);
         fillRandomParcelData(p, std::move(provider));
diff --git a/libs/binder/tests/rpc_fuzzer/Android.bp b/libs/binder/tests/rpc_fuzzer/Android.bp
index 1c75306..9323bd5 100644
--- a/libs/binder/tests/rpc_fuzzer/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/binder/tests/rpc_fuzzer/Android.bp
@@ -22,18 +22,19 @@
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "liblog",
-        "libutils",
     ],
 
     target: {
         android: {
             shared_libs: [
                 "libbinder",
+                "libutils",
             ],
         },
         host: {
             static_libs: [
                 "libbinder",
+                "libutils",
             ],
         },
     },
diff --git a/libs/gralloc/types/Android.bp b/libs/gralloc/types/Android.bp
index a0032ae..cda9e19 100644
--- a/libs/gralloc/types/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/gralloc/types/Android.bp
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@
     ],
 
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0",
         "libhidlbase",
         "liblog",
     ],
 
     export_shared_lib_headers: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0",
         "libhidlbase",
     ],
diff --git a/libs/input/VelocityControl.cpp b/libs/input/VelocityControl.cpp
index 0c3ad63..03c49cc 100644
--- a/libs/input/VelocityControl.cpp
+++ b/libs/input/VelocityControl.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
 // Log debug messages about acceleration.
-#define DEBUG_ACCELERATION 0
+static constexpr bool DEBUG_ACCELERATION = false;
 
 #include <math.h>
 #include <limits.h>
@@ -52,12 +52,10 @@
 void VelocityControl::move(nsecs_t eventTime, float* deltaX, float* deltaY) {
     if ((deltaX && *deltaX) || (deltaY && *deltaY)) {
         if (eventTime >= mLastMovementTime + STOP_TIME) {
-#if DEBUG_ACCELERATION
-	    if (mLastMovementTime != LLONG_MIN) {
-	        ALOGD("VelocityControl: stopped, last movement was %0.3fms ago",
-                       (eventTime - mLastMovementTime) * 0.000001f);
-	    }
-#endif
+            if (DEBUG_ACCELERATION && mLastMovementTime != LLONG_MIN) {
+                ALOGD("VelocityControl: stopped, last movement was %0.3fms ago",
+                           (eventTime - mLastMovementTime) * 0.000001f);
+            }
             reset();
         }
 
@@ -85,19 +83,20 @@
                         * (mParameters.acceleration - 1);
             }
 
-#if DEBUG_ACCELERATION
-            ALOGD("VelocityControl(%0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f): "
-                    "vx=%0.3f, vy=%0.3f, speed=%0.3f, accel=%0.3f",
-                    mParameters.scale, mParameters.lowThreshold, mParameters.highThreshold,
-                    mParameters.acceleration,
-                    vx, vy, speed, scale / mParameters.scale);
-#endif
+            if (DEBUG_ACCELERATION) {
+                ALOGD("VelocityControl(%0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f): "
+                        "vx=%0.3f, vy=%0.3f, speed=%0.3f, accel=%0.3f",
+                        mParameters.scale, mParameters.lowThreshold, mParameters.highThreshold,
+                        mParameters.acceleration,
+                        vx, vy, speed, scale / mParameters.scale);
+            }
+
         } else {
-#if DEBUG_ACCELERATION
-            ALOGD("VelocityControl(%0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f): unknown velocity",
-                    mParameters.scale, mParameters.lowThreshold, mParameters.highThreshold,
-                    mParameters.acceleration);
-#endif
+            if (DEBUG_ACCELERATION) {
+                ALOGD("VelocityControl(%0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f, %0.3f): unknown velocity",
+                        mParameters.scale, mParameters.lowThreshold, mParameters.highThreshold,
+                        mParameters.acceleration);
+            }
         }
 
         if (deltaX) {
diff --git a/libs/ui/Android.bp b/libs/ui/Android.bp
index 07760ab..26c874e 100644
--- a/libs/ui/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/ui/Android.bp
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 
     export_shared_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0",
         "libgralloctypes",
     ],
diff --git a/services/memtrackproxy/Android.bp b/services/memtrackproxy/Android.bp
index 7d78f3b..3233cc9 100644
--- a/services/memtrackproxy/Android.bp
+++ b/services/memtrackproxy/Android.bp
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
         "libcutils",
         "libutils",
         "android.hardware.memtrack@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk",
     ],
     srcs: [
         "MemtrackProxy.cpp",
@@ -45,6 +45,6 @@
     ],
     export_shared_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.memtrack@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/services/memtrackproxy/test/Android.bp b/services/memtrackproxy/test/Android.bp
index f943761..1dc21bf 100644
--- a/services/memtrackproxy/test/Android.bp
+++ b/services/memtrackproxy/test/Android.bp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "libmemtrackproxy",
-        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.memtrack-V1-ndk",
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
     require_root: true,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
index 15744a1..81e39c7 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
         "libtrace_proto",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
         "libandroid",