SF: add VSyncPredictor implementation

Adds an implementation of VSyncPredictor, an object that will
predict vsync events for multiple fixed-rate vsync systems.
The prediction is based on both the HWVsync signal and the
presentation fence timings for the VSyncDispatch object.

Bug: 140201379
Fixes: 140302888
Test: 13 new unit tests

Change-Id: I195902cc70561d028741d822e4001ad21ab391cf
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1590f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/VSyncPredictor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include "VSyncTracker.h"
+
+namespace android::scheduler {
+
+class VSyncPredictor : public VSyncTracker {
+public:
+    /*
+     * \param [in] idealPeriod  The initial ideal period to use.
+     * \param [in] historySize  The internal amount of entries to store in the model.
+     * \param [in] minimumSamplesForPrediction The minimum number of samples to collect before
+     * predicting. \param [in] outlierTolerancePercent a number 0 to 100 that will be used to filter
+     * samples that fall outlierTolerancePercent from an anticipated vsync event.
+     */
+    VSyncPredictor(nsecs_t idealPeriod, size_t historySize, size_t minimumSamplesForPrediction,
+                   uint32_t outlierTolerancePercent);
+    ~VSyncPredictor();
+
+    void addVsyncTimestamp(nsecs_t timestamp) final;
+    nsecs_t nextAnticipatedVSyncTimeFrom(nsecs_t timePoint) const final;
+
+    /*
+     * Inform the model that the period is anticipated to change to a new value.
+     * model will use the period parameter to predict vsync events until enough
+     * timestamps with the new period have been collected.
+     *
+     * \param [in] period   The new period that should be used.
+     */
+    void setPeriod(nsecs_t period);
+
+    /* Query if the model is in need of more samples to make a prediction at timePoint.
+     * \param [in] timePoint    The timePoint to inquire of.
+     * \return  True, if model would benefit from more samples, False if not.
+     */
+    bool needsMoreSamples(nsecs_t timePoint) const;
+
+    std::tuple<nsecs_t /* slope */, nsecs_t /* intercept */> getVSyncPredictionModel() const;
+
+private:
+    VSyncPredictor(VSyncPredictor const&) = delete;
+    VSyncPredictor& operator=(VSyncPredictor const&) = delete;
+
+    size_t const kHistorySize;
+    size_t const kMinimumSamplesForPrediction;
+    size_t const kOutlierTolerancePercent;
+
+    std::mutex mutable mMutex;
+    size_t next(int i) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    bool validate(nsecs_t timestamp) const REQUIRES(mMutex);
+    std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> getVSyncPredictionModel(std::lock_guard<std::mutex> const&) const
+            REQUIRES(mMutex);
+
+    nsecs_t mIdealPeriod GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+    std::optional<nsecs_t> mKnownTimestamp GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
+    std::unordered_map<nsecs_t, std::tuple<nsecs_t, nsecs_t>> mutable mRateMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
+    int lastTimestampIndex GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = 0;
+    std::vector<nsecs_t> timestamps GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+};
+
+} // namespace android::scheduler