diff --git a/libs/gui/DisplayInfo.cpp b/libs/gui/DisplayInfo.cpp
index bd640df..47cec07 100644
--- a/libs/gui/DisplayInfo.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/DisplayInfo.cpp
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
+    int32_t displayIdInt;
     float dsdx, dtdx, tx, dtdy, dsdy, ty;
-    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt32, &displayId);
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt32, &displayIdInt);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt32, &logicalWidth);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readInt32, &logicalHeight);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readFloat, &dsdx);
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readFloat, &dsdy);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->readFloat, &ty);
 
+    displayId = ui::LogicalDisplayId{displayIdInt};
     transform.set({dsdx, dtdx, tx, dtdy, dsdy, ty, 0, 0, 1});
 
     return OK;
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt32, displayId);
+    SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt32, displayId.val());
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt32, logicalWidth);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeInt32, logicalHeight);
     SAFE_PARCEL(parcel->writeFloat, transform.dsdx());
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@
     using android::base::StringAppendF;
 
     out += prefix;
-    StringAppendF(&out, "DisplayViewport[id=%" PRId32 "]\n", displayId);
+    StringAppendF(&out, "DisplayViewport[id=%s]\n", displayId.toString().c_str());
     out += prefix;
     StringAppendF(&out, INDENT "Width=%" PRId32 ", Height=%" PRId32 "\n", logicalWidth,
                   logicalHeight);
diff --git a/libs/gui/WindowInfo.cpp b/libs/gui/WindowInfo.cpp
index ad0d99d..82d2554 100644
--- a/libs/gui/WindowInfo.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/WindowInfo.cpp
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
         parcel->writeInt32(ownerUid.val()) ?:
         parcel->writeUtf8AsUtf16(packageName) ?:
         parcel->writeInt32(inputConfig.get()) ?:
-        parcel->writeInt32(displayId) ?:
+        parcel->writeInt32(displayId.val()) ?:
         applicationInfo.writeToParcel(parcel) ?:
         parcel->write(touchableRegion) ?:
         parcel->writeBool(replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop) ?:
@@ -175,7 +175,8 @@
     }
 
     float dsdx, dtdx, tx, dtdy, dsdy, ty;
-    int32_t lpFlags, lpType, touchOcclusionModeInt, inputConfigInt, ownerPidInt, ownerUidInt;
+    int32_t lpFlags, lpType, touchOcclusionModeInt, inputConfigInt, ownerPidInt, ownerUidInt,
+            displayIdInt;
     sp<IBinder> touchableRegionCropHandleSp;
 
     // clang-format off
@@ -198,7 +199,7 @@
         parcel->readInt32(&ownerUidInt) ?:
         parcel->readUtf8FromUtf16(&packageName) ?:
         parcel->readInt32(&inputConfigInt) ?:
-        parcel->readInt32(&displayId) ?:
+        parcel->readInt32(&displayIdInt) ?:
         applicationInfo.readFromParcel(parcel) ?:
         parcel->read(touchableRegion) ?:
         parcel->readBool(&replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop) ?:
@@ -221,6 +222,7 @@
     ownerPid = Pid{ownerPidInt};
     ownerUid = Uid{static_cast<uid_t>(ownerUidInt)};
     touchableRegionCropHandle = touchableRegionCropHandleSp;
+    displayId = ui::LogicalDisplayId{displayIdInt};
 
     return OK;
 }
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/DisplayInfo.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/DisplayInfo.h
index 42b62c7..7282b80 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/DisplayInfo.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/DisplayInfo.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
 #include <binder/Parcelable.h>
-#include <gui/constants.h>
+#include <ui/LogicalDisplayId.h>
 #include <ui/Transform.h>
 
 namespace android::gui {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
  * This should only be used by InputFlinger to support raw coordinates in logical display space.
  */
 struct DisplayInfo : public Parcelable {
-    int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+    ui::LogicalDisplayId displayId = ui::ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
 
     // Logical display dimensions.
     int32_t logicalWidth = 0;
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
index b73e497..3ea3f67 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/WindowInfo.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <ftl/flags.h>
 #include <ftl/mixins.h>
 #include <gui/PidUid.h>
-#include <gui/constants.h>
+#include <ui/LogicalDisplayId.h>
 #include <ui/Rect.h>
 #include <ui/Region.h>
 #include <ui/Size.h>
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
     Uid ownerUid = Uid::INVALID;
     std::string packageName;
     ftl::Flags<InputConfig> inputConfig;
-    int32_t displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
+    ui::LogicalDisplayId displayId = ui::ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
     InputApplicationInfo applicationInfo;
     bool replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop = false;
     wp<IBinder> touchableRegionCropHandle;
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/constants.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/constants.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 8eab378..0000000
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/constants.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-namespace android {
-
-/**
- * Invalid value for display size. Used when display size isn't available.
- */
-constexpr int32_t INVALID_DISPLAY_SIZE = 0;
-
-enum {
-    /* Used when an event is not associated with any display.
-     * Typically used for non-pointer events. */
-    ADISPLAY_ID_NONE = -1,
-
-    /* The default display id. */
-    ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT = 0,
-};
-
-} // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/DisplayInfo_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/DisplayInfo_test.cpp
index df3329c..4df76b1 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/DisplayInfo_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/DisplayInfo_test.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 TEST(DisplayInfo, Parcelling) {
     DisplayInfo info;
-    info.displayId = 42;
+    info.displayId = ui::LogicalDisplayId{42};
     info.logicalWidth = 99;
     info.logicalHeight = 78;
     info.transform.set({0.4, -1, 100, 0.5, 0, 40, 0, 0, 1});
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/EndToEndNativeInputTest.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/EndToEndNativeInputTest.cpp
index f441eaa..c0e7965 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/EndToEndNativeInputTest.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/EndToEndNativeInputTest.cpp
@@ -59,8 +59,16 @@
 using android::gui::InputApplicationInfo;
 using android::gui::TouchOcclusionMode;
 using android::gui::WindowInfo;
+using android::ui::ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT;
+using android::ui::ADISPLAY_ID_NONE;
 
-namespace android::test {
+namespace android {
+namespace {
+ui::LogicalDisplayId toDisplayId(ui::LayerStack layerStack) {
+    return ui::LogicalDisplayId{static_cast<int32_t>(layerStack.id)};
+}
+} // namespace
+namespace test {
 
 using Transaction = SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction;
 
@@ -68,7 +76,9 @@
     sp<IBinder> input(defaultServiceManager()->waitForService(String16("inputflinger")));
     if (input == nullptr) {
         ALOGE("Failed to link to input service");
-    } else { ALOGE("Linked to input"); }
+    } else {
+        ALOGE("Linked to input");
+    }
     return interface_cast<IInputFlinger>(input);
 }
 
@@ -99,7 +109,7 @@
 
 class InputSurface {
 public:
-    InputSurface(const sp<SurfaceControl> &sc, int width, int height, bool noInputChannel = false) {
+    InputSurface(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, int width, int height, bool noInputChannel = false) {
         mSurfaceControl = sc;
 
         mInputFlinger = getInputFlinger();
@@ -130,7 +140,7 @@
         mInputInfo.applicationInfo = aInfo;
     }
 
-    static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeColorInputSurface(const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc,
+    static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeColorInputSurface(const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc,
                                                                int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Surface"), 0 /* bufHeight */, 0 /* bufWidth */,
@@ -140,7 +150,7 @@
     }
 
     static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeBufferInputSurface(
-            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc, int width, int height) {
+            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc, int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Buffer Surface"), width, height,
                                    PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, 0 /* flags */);
@@ -148,7 +158,7 @@
     }
 
     static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeContainerInputSurface(
-            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc, int width, int height) {
+            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc, int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Container Surface"), 0 /* bufHeight */,
                                    0 /* bufWidth */, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
@@ -157,7 +167,7 @@
     }
 
     static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeContainerInputSurfaceNoInputChannel(
-            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc, int width, int height) {
+            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc, int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Container Surface"), 100 /* height */,
                                    100 /* width */, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
@@ -167,7 +177,7 @@
     }
 
     static std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeCursorInputSurface(
-            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc, int width, int height) {
+            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc, int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> surfaceControl =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Cursor Surface"), 0 /* bufHeight */,
                                    0 /* bufWidth */, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
@@ -178,7 +188,7 @@
     InputEvent* consumeEvent(std::chrono::milliseconds timeout = 3000ms) {
         mClientChannel->waitForMessage(timeout);
 
-        InputEvent *ev;
+        InputEvent* ev;
         uint32_t seqId;
         status_t consumed = mInputConsumer->consume(&mInputEventFactory, true, -1, &seqId, &ev);
         if (consumed != OK) {
@@ -190,10 +200,10 @@
     }
 
     void assertFocusChange(bool hasFocus) {
-        InputEvent *ev = consumeEvent();
+        InputEvent* ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::FOCUS, ev->getType());
-        FocusEvent *focusEvent = static_cast<FocusEvent *>(ev);
+        FocusEvent* focusEvent = static_cast<FocusEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(hasFocus, focusEvent->getHasFocus());
     }
 
@@ -216,10 +226,10 @@
     }
 
     void expectTapWithFlag(int x, int y, int32_t flags) {
-        InputEvent *ev = consumeEvent();
+        InputEvent* ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::MOTION, ev->getType());
-        MotionEvent *mev = static_cast<MotionEvent *>(ev);
+        MotionEvent* mev = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, mev->getAction());
         EXPECT_EQ(x, mev->getX(0));
         EXPECT_EQ(y, mev->getY(0));
@@ -228,18 +238,18 @@
         ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::MOTION, ev->getType());
-        mev = static_cast<MotionEvent *>(ev);
+        mev = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, mev->getAction());
         EXPECT_EQ(flags, mev->getFlags() & flags);
     }
 
     void expectTapInDisplayCoordinates(int displayX, int displayY) {
-        InputEvent *ev = consumeEvent();
+        InputEvent* ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::MOTION, ev->getType());
-        MotionEvent *mev = static_cast<MotionEvent *>(ev);
+        MotionEvent* mev = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, mev->getAction());
-        const PointerCoords &coords = *mev->getRawPointerCoords(0 /*pointerIndex*/);
+        const PointerCoords& coords = *mev->getRawPointerCoords(0 /*pointerIndex*/);
         EXPECT_EQ(displayX, coords.getX());
         EXPECT_EQ(displayY, coords.getY());
         EXPECT_EQ(0, mev->getFlags() & VERIFIED_MOTION_EVENT_FLAGS);
@@ -247,16 +257,16 @@
         ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::MOTION, ev->getType());
-        mev = static_cast<MotionEvent *>(ev);
+        mev = static_cast<MotionEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, mev->getAction());
         EXPECT_EQ(0, mev->getFlags() & VERIFIED_MOTION_EVENT_FLAGS);
     }
 
     void expectKey(int32_t keycode) {
-        InputEvent *ev = consumeEvent();
+        InputEvent* ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::KEY, ev->getType());
-        KeyEvent *keyEvent = static_cast<KeyEvent *>(ev);
+        KeyEvent* keyEvent = static_cast<KeyEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_DOWN, keyEvent->getAction());
         EXPECT_EQ(keycode, keyEvent->getKeyCode());
         EXPECT_EQ(0, keyEvent->getFlags() & VERIFIED_KEY_EVENT_FLAGS);
@@ -264,7 +274,7 @@
         ev = consumeEvent();
         ASSERT_NE(ev, nullptr);
         ASSERT_EQ(InputEventType::KEY, ev->getType());
-        keyEvent = static_cast<KeyEvent *>(ev);
+        keyEvent = static_cast<KeyEvent*>(ev);
         EXPECT_EQ(AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_UP, keyEvent->getAction());
         EXPECT_EQ(keycode, keyEvent->getKeyCode());
         EXPECT_EQ(0, keyEvent->getFlags() & VERIFIED_KEY_EVENT_FLAGS);
@@ -282,7 +292,7 @@
     }
 
     virtual void doTransaction(
-            std::function<void(SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction &, const sp<SurfaceControl> &)>
+            std::function<void(SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction&, const sp<SurfaceControl>&)>
                     transactionBody) {
         SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction t;
         transactionBody(t, mSurfaceControl);
@@ -303,13 +313,13 @@
         reportedListener->wait();
     }
 
-    void requestFocus(int displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT) {
+    void requestFocus(ui::LogicalDisplayId displayId = ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT) {
         SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction t;
         FocusRequest request;
         request.token = mInputInfo.token;
         request.windowName = mInputInfo.name;
         request.timestamp = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
-        request.displayId = displayId;
+        request.displayId = displayId.val();
         t.setFocusedWindow(request);
         t.apply(true);
     }
@@ -327,7 +337,7 @@
 
 class BlastInputSurface : public InputSurface {
 public:
-    BlastInputSurface(const sp<SurfaceControl> &sc, const sp<SurfaceControl> &parentSc, int width,
+    BlastInputSurface(const sp<SurfaceControl>& sc, const sp<SurfaceControl>& parentSc, int width,
                       int height)
           : InputSurface(sc, width, height) {
         mParentSurfaceControl = parentSc;
@@ -336,7 +346,7 @@
     ~BlastInputSurface() = default;
 
     static std::unique_ptr<BlastInputSurface> makeBlastInputSurface(
-            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient> &scc, int width, int height) {
+            const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& scc, int width, int height) {
         sp<SurfaceControl> parentSc =
                 scc->createSurface(String8("Test Parent Surface"), 0 /* bufHeight */,
                                    0 /* bufWidth */, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
@@ -351,7 +361,7 @@
     }
 
     void doTransaction(
-            std::function<void(SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction &, const sp<SurfaceControl> &)>
+            std::function<void(SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction&, const sp<SurfaceControl>&)>
                     transactionBody) override {
         SurfaceComposerClient::Transaction t;
         transactionBody(t, mParentSurfaceControl);
@@ -378,9 +388,7 @@
 
 class InputSurfacesTest : public ::testing::Test {
 public:
-    InputSurfacesTest() {
-        ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
-    }
+    InputSurfacesTest() { ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool(); }
 
     void SetUp() {
         mComposerClient = new SurfaceComposerClient;
@@ -400,15 +408,13 @@
         mBufferPostDelay = static_cast<int32_t>(1e6 / mode.peakRefreshRate) * 3;
     }
 
-    void TearDown() {
-        mComposerClient->dispose();
-    }
+    void TearDown() { mComposerClient->dispose(); }
 
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> makeSurface(int width, int height) {
         return InputSurface::makeColorInputSurface(mComposerClient, width, height);
     }
 
-    void postBuffer(const sp<SurfaceControl> &layer, int32_t w, int32_t h) {
+    void postBuffer(const sp<SurfaceControl>& layer, int32_t w, int32_t h) {
         int64_t usageFlags = BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
                 BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY | BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE;
         sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer =
@@ -421,11 +427,11 @@
     int32_t mBufferPostDelay;
 };
 
-void injectTapOnDisplay(int x, int y, int displayId) {
+void injectTapOnDisplay(int x, int y, ui::LogicalDisplayId displayId) {
     char *buf1, *buf2, *bufDisplayId;
     asprintf(&buf1, "%d", x);
     asprintf(&buf2, "%d", y);
-    asprintf(&bufDisplayId, "%d", displayId);
+    asprintf(&bufDisplayId, "%d", displayId.val());
     if (fork() == 0) {
         execlp("input", "input", "-d", bufDisplayId, "tap", buf1, buf2, NULL);
     }
@@ -435,10 +441,10 @@
     injectTapOnDisplay(x, y, ADISPLAY_ID_DEFAULT);
 }
 
-void injectKeyOnDisplay(uint32_t keycode, int displayId) {
+void injectKeyOnDisplay(uint32_t keycode, ui::LogicalDisplayId displayId) {
     char *buf1, *bufDisplayId;
     asprintf(&buf1, "%d", keycode);
-    asprintf(&bufDisplayId, "%d", displayId);
+    asprintf(&bufDisplayId, "%d", displayId.val());
     if (fork() == 0) {
         execlp("input", "input", "-d", bufDisplayId, "keyevent", buf1, NULL);
     }
@@ -476,12 +482,8 @@
     injectTap(101, 101);
     surface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    surface2->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
-         t.setPosition(sc, 100, 100);
-    });
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
-         t.setPosition(sc, 200, 200);
-    });
+    surface2->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setPosition(sc, 100, 100); });
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setPosition(sc, 200, 200); });
 
     injectTap(101, 101);
     surface2->expectTap(1, 1);
@@ -497,23 +499,17 @@
     surface->showAt(10, 10);
     surface2->showAt(10, 10);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
-         t.setLayer(sc, LAYER_BASE + 1);
-    });
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setLayer(sc, LAYER_BASE + 1); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     surface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    surface2->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
-         t.setLayer(sc, LAYER_BASE + 1);
-    });
+    surface2->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setLayer(sc, LAYER_BASE + 1); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     surface2->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    surface2->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
-         t.hide(sc);
-    });
+    surface2->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.hide(sc); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     surface->expectTap(1, 1);
@@ -562,7 +558,7 @@
     childSurface->mInputInfo.surfaceInset = 10;
     childSurface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    childSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    childSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setPosition(sc, -5, -5);
         t.reparent(sc, parentSurface->mSurfaceControl);
     });
@@ -583,7 +579,7 @@
     fgSurface->mInputInfo.surfaceInset = 5;
     fgSurface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 4.0); });
+    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 4.0); });
 
     // expect = touch / scale - inset
     injectTap(112, 124);
@@ -602,7 +598,7 @@
     fgSurface->mInputInfo.surfaceInset = INT32_MAX;
     fgSurface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 2.0); });
+    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 2.0); });
 
     // expect no crash for overflow, and inset size to be clamped to surface size
     injectTap(112, 124);
@@ -651,7 +647,7 @@
     fgSurface->mInputInfo.touchableRegion.orSelf(Rect{INT32_MIN, INT32_MIN, INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX});
     fgSurface->showAt(0, 0);
 
-    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 2.0); });
+    fgSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 2.0); });
 
     // Expect no crash for overflow.
     injectTap(12, 24);
@@ -661,7 +657,7 @@
 // Ensure we ignore transparent region when getting screen bounds when positioning input frame.
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, input_ignores_transparent_region) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         Region transparentRegion(Rect(0, 0, 10, 10));
         t.setTransparentRegionHint(sc, transparentRegion);
     });
@@ -702,7 +698,7 @@
     injectTap(11, 11);
     bufferSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    bufferSurface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setAlpha(sc, 0.0); });
+    bufferSurface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setAlpha(sc, 0.0); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     bgSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
@@ -718,7 +714,7 @@
     injectTap(11, 11);
     fgSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    fgSurface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setAlpha(sc, 0.0); });
+    fgSurface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setAlpha(sc, 0.0); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     fgSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
@@ -735,7 +731,7 @@
     injectTap(11, 11);
     containerSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    containerSurface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.hide(sc); });
+    containerSurface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.hide(sc); });
 
     injectTap(11, 11);
     bgSurface->expectTap(1, 1);
@@ -775,19 +771,19 @@
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, rotate_surface) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->showAt(10, 10);
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, 1, -1, 0); // 90 degrees
     });
     injectTap(8, 11);
     surface->expectTap(1, 2);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, -1, 0, 0, -1); // 180 degrees
     });
     injectTap(9, 8);
     surface->expectTap(1, 2);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, -1, 1, 0); // 270 degrees
     });
     injectTap(12, 9);
@@ -797,19 +793,19 @@
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, rotate_surface_with_scale) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->showAt(10, 10);
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, 2, -4, 0); // 90 degrees
     });
     injectTap(2, 12);
     surface->expectTap(1, 2);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, -2, 0, 0, -4); // 180 degrees
     });
     injectTap(8, 2);
     surface->expectTap(1, 2);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, -2, 4, 0); // 270 degrees
     });
     injectTap(18, 8);
@@ -821,19 +817,19 @@
     surface->mInputInfo.surfaceInset = 5;
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, 2, -4, 0); // 90 degrees
     });
     injectTap(40, 120);
     surface->expectTap(5, 10);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, -2, 0, 0, -4); // 180 degrees
     });
     injectTap(80, 40);
     surface->expectTap(5, 10);
 
-    surface->doTransaction([](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setMatrix(sc, 0, -2, 4, 0); // 270 degrees
     });
     injectTap(160, 80);
@@ -874,7 +870,7 @@
     nonTouchableSurface->showAt(0, 0);
     parentSurface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    nonTouchableSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    nonTouchableSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setCrop(parentSurface->mSurfaceControl, Rect(0, 0, 50, 50));
         t.reparent(sc, parentSurface->mSurfaceControl);
     });
@@ -898,7 +894,7 @@
     nonTouchableSurface->showAt(0, 0);
     parentSurface->showAt(50, 50);
 
-    nonTouchableSurface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    nonTouchableSurface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setCrop(parentSurface->mSurfaceControl, Rect(0, 0, 50, 50));
         t.reparent(sc, parentSurface->mSurfaceControl);
     });
@@ -940,7 +936,7 @@
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, strict_unobscured_input_unobscured_window) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
     injectTap(101, 101);
@@ -954,7 +950,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, strict_unobscured_input_scaled_without_crop_window) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED);
         t.setMatrix(sc, 2.0, 0, 0, 2.0);
     });
@@ -973,7 +969,7 @@
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->mInputInfo.ownerUid = gui::Uid{11111};
     surface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> obscuringSurface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     obscuringSurface->mInputInfo.setInputConfig(WindowInfo::InputConfig::NOT_TOUCHABLE, true);
@@ -992,7 +988,7 @@
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->mInputInfo.ownerUid = gui::Uid{11111};
     surface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> obscuringSurface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     obscuringSurface->mInputInfo.setInputConfig(WindowInfo::InputConfig::NOT_TOUCHABLE, true);
@@ -1015,7 +1011,7 @@
 
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED);
         t.reparent(sc, parentSurface->mSurfaceControl);
         t.setAlpha(parentSurface->mSurfaceControl, 0.9f);
@@ -1036,7 +1032,7 @@
     parentSurface->showAt(0, 0, Rect(0, 0, 300, 300));
 
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::OBSCURED);
         t.reparent(sc, parentSurface->mSurfaceControl);
         t.setCrop(parentSurface->mSurfaceControl, Rect(10, 10, 100, 100));
@@ -1070,7 +1066,7 @@
 TEST_F(InputSurfacesTest, drop_input_policy) {
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
     surface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::ALL); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setDropInputMode(sc, gui::DropInputMode::ALL); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
     injectTap(101, 101);
@@ -1102,7 +1098,7 @@
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> containerSurface =
             InputSurface::makeContainerInputSurface(mComposerClient, 100, 100);
     containerSurface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.reparent(sc, parentContainer->mSurfaceControl); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.reparent(sc, parentContainer->mSurfaceControl); });
     containerSurface->mInputInfo.replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop = true;
     containerSurface->mInputInfo.touchableRegionCropHandle = nullptr;
     parentContainer->showAt(10, 10, Rect(0, 0, 20, 20));
@@ -1127,7 +1123,7 @@
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> containerSurface =
             InputSurface::makeContainerInputSurface(mComposerClient, 100, 100);
     containerSurface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.reparent(sc, parentContainer->mSurfaceControl); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.reparent(sc, parentContainer->mSurfaceControl); });
     containerSurface->mInputInfo.replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop = true;
     containerSurface->mInputInfo.touchableRegionCropHandle = nullptr;
     parentContainer->showAt(10, 10, Rect(0, 0, 20, 20));
@@ -1179,7 +1175,7 @@
             InputSurface::makeContainerInputSurfaceNoInputChannel(mComposerClient, 100, 100);
     childContainerSurface->showAt(0, 0);
     childContainerSurface->doTransaction(
-            [&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.reparent(sc, parent->mSurfaceControl); });
+            [&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.reparent(sc, parent->mSurfaceControl); });
     injectTap(101, 101);
 
     parent->assertNoEvent();
@@ -1188,8 +1184,9 @@
 class MultiDisplayTests : public InputSurfacesTest {
 public:
     MultiDisplayTests() : InputSurfacesTest() { ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool(); }
+
     void TearDown() override {
-        for (auto &token : mVirtualDisplays) {
+        for (auto& token : mVirtualDisplays) {
             SurfaceComposerClient::destroyDisplay(token);
         }
         InputSurfacesTest::TearDown();
@@ -1226,18 +1223,18 @@
     ui::LayerStack layerStack = ui::LayerStack::fromValue(42);
     // Do not create a display associated with the LayerStack.
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack); });
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
     // Touches should be dropped if the layer is on an invalid display.
-    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, layerStack.id);
+    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertNoEvent();
 
     // However, we still let the window be focused and receive keys.
-    surface->requestFocus(layerStack.id);
+    surface->requestFocus(toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertFocusChange(true);
 
-    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, layerStack.id);
+    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->expectKey(AKEYCODE_V);
 }
 
@@ -1245,15 +1242,15 @@
     ui::LayerStack layerStack = ui::LayerStack::fromValue(42);
     createDisplay(1000, 1000, false /*isSecure*/, layerStack);
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) { t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack); });
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) { t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack); });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, layerStack.id);
+    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    surface->requestFocus(layerStack.id);
+    surface->requestFocus(toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertFocusChange(true);
-    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, layerStack.id);
+    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->expectKey(AKEYCODE_V);
 }
 
@@ -1261,19 +1258,19 @@
     ui::LayerStack layerStack = ui::LayerStack::fromValue(42);
     createDisplay(1000, 1000, false /*isSecure*/, layerStack);
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setFlags(sc, layer_state_t::eLayerSecure, layer_state_t::eLayerSecure);
         t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack);
     });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, layerStack.id);
+    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, toDisplayId(layerStack));
 
     surface->assertNoEvent();
 
-    surface->requestFocus(layerStack.id);
+    surface->requestFocus(toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertFocusChange(true);
-    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, layerStack.id);
+    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertNoEvent();
 }
 
@@ -1287,20 +1284,21 @@
     seteuid(AID_ROOT);
 
     std::unique_ptr<InputSurface> surface = makeSurface(100, 100);
-    surface->doTransaction([&](auto &t, auto &sc) {
+    surface->doTransaction([&](auto& t, auto& sc) {
         t.setFlags(sc, layer_state_t::eLayerSecure, layer_state_t::eLayerSecure);
         t.setLayerStack(sc, layerStack);
     });
     surface->showAt(100, 100);
 
-    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, layerStack.id);
+    injectTapOnDisplay(101, 101, toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->expectTap(1, 1);
 
-    surface->requestFocus(layerStack.id);
+    surface->requestFocus(toDisplayId(layerStack));
     surface->assertFocusChange(true);
-    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, layerStack.id);
+    injectKeyOnDisplay(AKEYCODE_V, toDisplayId(layerStack));
 
     surface->expectKey(AKEYCODE_V);
 }
 
-} // namespace android::test
+} // namespace test
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/libs/gui/tests/WindowInfo_test.cpp b/libs/gui/tests/WindowInfo_test.cpp
index 5eb5d3b..ce22082 100644
--- a/libs/gui/tests/WindowInfo_test.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/tests/WindowInfo_test.cpp
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
     i.ownerUid = gui::Uid{24};
     i.packageName = "com.example.package";
     i.inputConfig = WindowInfo::InputConfig::NOT_FOCUSABLE;
-    i.displayId = 34;
+    i.displayId = ui::LogicalDisplayId{34};
     i.replaceTouchableRegionWithCrop = true;
     i.touchableRegionCropHandle = touchableRegionCropHandle;
     i.applicationInfo.name = "ApplicationFooBar";