Merge "Revert "fix drawWithOpengl""
diff --git a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
index 3d63971..c7b51c8 100644
--- a/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
+++ b/cmds/atrace/atrace.cpp
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@
     { "database",   "Database",         ATRACE_TAG_DATABASE, { } },
     { "network",    "Network",          ATRACE_TAG_NETWORK, { } },
     { "adb",        "ADB",              ATRACE_TAG_ADB, { } },
-    { "vibrator",   "Vibrator",         ATRACE_TAG_VIBRATOR, {}},
+    { "vibrator",   "Vibrator",         ATRACE_TAG_VIBRATOR, { } },
+    { "aidl",       "AIDL calls",       ATRACE_TAG_AIDL, { } },
     { k_coreServiceCategory, "Core services", 0, { } },
     { k_pdxServiceCategory, "PDX services", 0, { } },
     { "sched",      "CPU Scheduling",   0, {
diff --git a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
index fd2fccb..9648ede 100644
--- a/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
+++ b/cmds/dumpstate/dumpstate.cpp
@@ -1159,6 +1159,10 @@
 static void RunDumpsysProto(const std::string& title, int priority,
                             std::chrono::milliseconds timeout,
                             std::chrono::milliseconds service_timeout) {
+    if (!ds.IsZipping()) {
+        MYLOGD("Not dumping %s because it's not a zipped bugreport\n", title.c_str());
+        return;
+    }
     sp<android::IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
     Dumpsys dumpsys(sm.get());
     Vector<String16> args;
@@ -1630,20 +1634,8 @@
     ShowUsageAndExit();
 }
 
-static void sig_handler(int) {
-    _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
 static void register_sig_handler() {
-    struct sigaction sa;
-    sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
-    sa.sa_flags = 0;
-    sa.sa_handler = sig_handler;
-    sigaction(SIGPIPE, &sa, NULL); // broken pipe
-    sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sa, NULL); // segment fault
-    sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL); // ctrl-c
-    sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL); // killed
-    sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL); // quit
+    signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 }
 
 bool Dumpstate::FinishZipFile() {
diff --git a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
index 3dfb7e0..29ef648 100644
--- a/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
+++ b/cmds/lshal/ListCommand.cpp
@@ -378,8 +378,7 @@
                 }
                 if (findAndBumpVersion(hal, version)) {
                     if (&table != &mImplementationsTable) {
-                        hal->interfaces[interfaceName].name = interfaceName;
-                        hal->interfaces[interfaceName].instances.insert(instanceName);
+                        hal->insertLegacyInstance(interfaceName, instanceName);
                     }
                     hal->transportArch.arch |= arch;
                     done = true;
@@ -389,17 +388,16 @@
             if (done) {
                 continue; // to next TableEntry
             }
-            decltype(vintf::ManifestHal::interfaces) interfaces;
-            if (&table != &mImplementationsTable) {
-                interfaces[interfaceName].name = interfaceName;
-                interfaces[interfaceName].instances.insert(instanceName);
-            }
-            if (!manifest.add(vintf::ManifestHal{
+            vintf::ManifestHal manifestHal{
                     vintf::HalFormat::HIDL,
                     std::string{fqName.package()},
                     {version},
                     {transport, arch},
-                    std::move(interfaces)})) {
+                    {}};
+            if (&table != &mImplementationsTable) {
+                manifestHal.insertLegacyInstance(interfaceName, instanceName);
+            }
+            if (!manifest.add(std::move(manifestHal))) {
                 err() << "Warning: cannot add hal '" << fqInstanceName << "'" << std::endl;
             }
         }
@@ -408,7 +406,7 @@
          << "    This is a skeleton " << manifest.type() << " manifest. Notes: " << std::endl
          << INIT_VINTF_NOTES
          << "-->" << std::endl;
-    out << vintf::gHalManifestConverter(manifest, vintf::SerializeFlag::HALS_ONLY);
+    out << vintf::gHalManifestConverter(manifest, vintf::SerializeFlag::HALS_NO_FQNAME);
 }
 
 std::string ListCommand::INIT_VINTF_NOTES{
diff --git a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.cpp b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.cpp
index 679f44b..a6890ee 100644
--- a/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.cpp
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
     ~BpSurfaceComposerClient() override;
 
     status_t createSurface(const String8& name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixelFormat format,
-                           uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& parent, uint32_t windowType,
-                           uint32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
+                           uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& parent, int32_t windowType,
+                           int32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
                            sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp) override {
         return callRemote<decltype(&ISurfaceComposerClient::createSurface)>(Tag::CREATE_SURFACE,
                                                                             name, width, height,
diff --git a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
index 38f0eb7..3cf49d6 100644
--- a/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/libs/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.cpp
@@ -609,8 +609,8 @@
         PixelFormat format,
         uint32_t flags,
         SurfaceControl* parent,
-        uint32_t windowType,
-        uint32_t ownerUid)
+        int32_t windowType,
+        int32_t ownerUid)
 {
     sp<SurfaceControl> s;
     createSurfaceChecked(name, w, h, format, &s, flags, parent, windowType, ownerUid);
@@ -625,8 +625,8 @@
         sp<SurfaceControl>* outSurface,
         uint32_t flags,
         SurfaceControl* parent,
-        uint32_t windowType,
-        uint32_t ownerUid)
+        int32_t windowType,
+        int32_t ownerUid)
 {
     sp<SurfaceControl> sur;
     status_t err = NO_ERROR;
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
index d5bbef2..8dfc99a 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/ISurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@
      * Requires ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER permission
      */
     virtual status_t createSurface(const String8& name, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format,
-                                   uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& parent, uint32_t windowType,
-                                   uint32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
+                                   uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& parent, int32_t windowType,
+                                   int32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
                                    sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp) = 0;
 
     /*
diff --git a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
index 5ce20ad..b45ce4f 100644
--- a/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
+++ b/libs/gui/include/gui/SurfaceComposerClient.h
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@
             PixelFormat format, // pixel-format desired
             uint32_t flags = 0, // usage flags
             SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr, // parent
-            uint32_t windowType = 0, // from WindowManager.java (STATUS_BAR, INPUT_METHOD, etc.)
-            uint32_t ownerUid = 0 // UID of the task
+            int32_t windowType = -1, // from WindowManager.java (STATUS_BAR, INPUT_METHOD, etc.)
+            int32_t ownerUid = -1 // UID of the task
     );
 
     status_t createSurfaceChecked(
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@
             sp<SurfaceControl>* outSurface,
             uint32_t flags = 0, // usage flags
             SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr, // parent
-            uint32_t windowType = 0, // from WindowManager.java (STATUS_BAR, INPUT_METHOD, etc.)
-            uint32_t ownerUid = 0 // UID of the task
+            int32_t windowType = -1, // from WindowManager.java (STATUS_BAR, INPUT_METHOD, etc.)
+            int32_t ownerUid = -1 // UID of the task
     );
 
     //! Create a virtual display
diff --git a/opengl/libs/EGL/eglApi.cpp b/opengl/libs/EGL/eglApi.cpp
index b453d19..78f8f0d 100644
--- a/opengl/libs/EGL/eglApi.cpp
+++ b/opengl/libs/EGL/eglApi.cpp
@@ -1108,38 +1108,6 @@
             egl_tls_t::setContext(EGL_NO_CONTEXT);
         }
     } else {
-
-        if (cur_c != NULL) {
-            // Force return to current context for drivers that cannot handle errors
-            EGLBoolean restore_result = EGL_FALSE;
-            // get a reference to the old current objects
-            ContextRef _c2(dp.get(), cur_c);
-            SurfaceRef _d2(dp.get(), cur_c->draw);
-            SurfaceRef _r2(dp.get(), cur_c->read);
-
-            c = cur_c;
-            impl_ctx = c->context;
-            impl_draw = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
-            if (cur_c->draw != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
-                d = get_surface(cur_c->draw);
-                impl_draw = d->surface;
-            }
-            impl_read = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
-            if (cur_c->read != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
-                r = get_surface(cur_c->read);
-                impl_read = r->surface;
-            }
-            restore_result = dp->makeCurrent(c, cur_c,
-                    cur_c->draw, cur_c->read, cur_c->context,
-                    impl_draw, impl_read, impl_ctx);
-            if (restore_result == EGL_TRUE) {
-                _c2.acquire();
-                _r2.acquire();
-                _d2.acquire();
-            } else {
-                ALOGE("Could not restore original EGL context");
-            }
-        }
         // this will ALOGE the error
         egl_connection_t* const cnx = &gEGLImpl;
         result = setError(cnx->egl.eglGetError(), (EGLBoolean)EGL_FALSE);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
index 916576a..a6caf29 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
@@ -593,14 +593,32 @@
     const auto& viewport = displayDevice->getViewport();
     Region visible = tr.transform(visibleRegion.intersect(viewport));
     auto hwcId = displayDevice->getHwcDisplayId();
+    auto& hwcInfo = getBE().mHwcLayers[hwcId];
+    auto& hwcLayer = hwcInfo.layer;
+    auto error = (*hwcLayer)->setVisibleRegion(visible);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set visible region: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+        visible.dump(LOG_TAG);
+    }
 
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.visibleRegion = visible;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.surfaceDamage = surfaceDamageRegion;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setSurfaceDamage(surfaceDamageRegion);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set surface damage: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+        surfaceDamageRegion.dump(LOG_TAG);
+    }
 
     // Sideband layers
     if (getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sidebandStream.get()) {
         setCompositionType(hwcId, HWC2::Composition::Sideband);
-        getBE().compositionInfo.compositionType = HWC2::Composition::Sideband;
+        ALOGV("[%s] Requesting Sideband composition", mName.string());
+        error = (*hwcLayer)->setSidebandStream(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sidebandStream->handle());
+        if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+            ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set sideband stream %p: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+                  getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sidebandStream->handle(), to_string(error).c_str(),
+                  static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+        }
         return;
     }
 
@@ -613,13 +631,32 @@
         setCompositionType(hwcId, HWC2::Composition::Device);
     }
 
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.dataspace = mDrawingState.dataSpace;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.hdrMetadata = mConsumer->getCurrentHdrMetadata();
+    ALOGV("setPerFrameData: dataspace = %d", mDrawingState.dataSpace);
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setDataspace(mDrawingState.dataSpace);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set dataspace %d: %s (%d)", mName.string(), mDrawingState.dataSpace,
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
+
+    const HdrMetadata& metadata = mConsumer->getCurrentHdrMetadata();
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setHdrMetadata(metadata);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None && error != HWC2::Error::Unsupported) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set hdrMetadata: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
+
+    uint32_t hwcSlot = 0;
+    sp<GraphicBuffer> hwcBuffer;
+    getBE().mHwcLayers[hwcId].bufferCache.getHwcBuffer(mActiveBufferSlot, mActiveBuffer, &hwcSlot,
+                                                       &hwcBuffer);
 
     auto acquireFence = mConsumer->getCurrentFence();
-    getBE().compositionInfo.mBufferSlot = mActiveBufferSlot;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.mBuffer = mActiveBuffer;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.fence = acquireFence;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setBuffer(hwcSlot, hwcBuffer, acquireFence);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set buffer %p: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              getBE().compositionInfo.mBuffer->handle, to_string(error).c_str(),
+              static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
 }
 
 bool BufferLayer::isOpaque(const Layer::State& s) const {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
index 0c9f0e2..c90024b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.cpp
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 status_t Client::createSurface(
         const String8& name,
         uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-        const sp<IBinder>& parentHandle, uint32_t windowType, uint32_t ownerUid,
+        const sp<IBinder>& parentHandle, int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid,
         sp<IBinder>* handle,
         sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp)
 {
@@ -180,13 +180,13 @@
         PixelFormat format;
         uint32_t flags;
         sp<Layer>* parent;
-        uint32_t windowType;
-        uint32_t ownerUid;
+        int32_t windowType;
+        int32_t ownerUid;
     public:
         MessageCreateLayer(SurfaceFlinger* flinger,
                 const String8& name, Client* client,
                 uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-                sp<IBinder>* handle, uint32_t windowType, uint32_t ownerUid,
+                sp<IBinder>* handle, int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid,
                 sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp,
                 sp<Layer>* parent)
             : flinger(flinger), client(client),
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.h
index 2aab28f..c7df9f7 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Client.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Client.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
     virtual status_t createSurface(
             const String8& name,
             uint32_t w, uint32_t h,PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-            const sp<IBinder>& parent, uint32_t windowType, uint32_t ownerUid,
+            const sp<IBinder>& parent, int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid,
             sp<IBinder>* handle,
             sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp);
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.cpp
index 5990a61..71975c8 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/ColorLayer.cpp
@@ -77,18 +77,38 @@
     const auto& viewport = displayDevice->getViewport();
     Region visible = tr.transform(visibleRegion.intersect(viewport));
     auto hwcId = displayDevice->getHwcDisplayId();
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.visibleRegion = visible;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.dataspace = mDrawingState.dataSpace;
+    auto& hwcInfo = getBE().mHwcLayers[hwcId];
+    auto& hwcLayer = hwcInfo.layer;
+    auto error = (*hwcLayer)->setVisibleRegion(visible);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set visible region: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+        visible.dump(LOG_TAG);
+    }
 
     setCompositionType(hwcId, HWC2::Composition::SolidColor);
 
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setDataspace(mDrawingState.dataSpace);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set dataspace %d: %s (%d)", mName.string(), mDrawingState.dataSpace,
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
+
     half4 color = getColor();
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.color = { static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.r)),
-                                      static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.g)),
-                                      static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.b)), 255 };
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setColor({static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.r)),
+                                static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.g)),
+                                static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * color.b)), 255});
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set color: %s (%d)", mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(),
+              static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
 
     // Clear out the transform, because it doesn't make sense absent a source buffer
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.transform = HWC2::Transform::None;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setTransform(HWC2::Transform::None);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to clear transform: %s (%d)", mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(),
+              static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    }
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
index 92d5e21..fe0b30b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.cpp
@@ -57,9 +57,6 @@
 using namespace android::hardware::configstore;
 using namespace android::hardware::configstore::V1_0;
 
-static bool useTripleFramebuffer = getInt64< ISurfaceFlingerConfigs,
-        &ISurfaceFlingerConfigs::maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers>(2) >= 3;
-
 /*
  * Initialize the display to the specified values.
  *
@@ -74,72 +71,43 @@
         int32_t hwcId,
         bool isSecure,
         const wp<IBinder>& displayToken,
+        const sp<ANativeWindow>& nativeWindow,
         const sp<DisplaySurface>& displaySurface,
-        const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer,
+        std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface> renderSurface,
+        int displayWidth,
+        int displayHeight,
         bool supportWideColor,
-        bool supportHdr)
+        bool supportHdr,
+        int initialPowerMode)
     : lastCompositionHadVisibleLayers(false),
       mFlinger(flinger),
       mType(type),
       mHwcDisplayId(hwcId),
       mDisplayToken(displayToken),
+      mNativeWindow(nativeWindow),
       mDisplaySurface(displaySurface),
-      mSurface{flinger->getRenderEngine().createSurface()},
-      mDisplayWidth(),
-      mDisplayHeight(),
-      mPageFlipCount(),
+      mSurface{std::move(renderSurface)},
+      mDisplayWidth(displayWidth),
+      mDisplayHeight(displayHeight),
+      mPageFlipCount(0),
       mIsSecure(isSecure),
       mLayerStack(NO_LAYER_STACK),
       mOrientation(),
-      mPowerMode(HWC_POWER_MODE_OFF),
-      mActiveConfig(0)
+      mViewport(Rect::INVALID_RECT),
+      mFrame(Rect::INVALID_RECT),
+      mPowerMode(initialPowerMode),
+      mActiveConfig(0),
+      mActiveColorMode(ColorMode::NATIVE),
+      mDisplayHasWideColor(supportWideColor),
+      mDisplayHasHdr(supportHdr)
 {
     // clang-format on
-    Surface* surface;
-    mNativeWindow = surface = new Surface(producer, false);
-    ANativeWindow* const window = mNativeWindow.get();
-
-    mActiveColorMode = ColorMode::NATIVE;
-    mDisplayHasWideColor = supportWideColor;
-    mDisplayHasHdr = supportHdr;
-
-    /*
-     * Create our display's surface
-     */
-    mSurface->setCritical(mType == DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY);
-    mSurface->setAsync(mType >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL);
-    mSurface->setNativeWindow(window);
-    mDisplayWidth = mSurface->queryWidth();
-    mDisplayHeight = mSurface->queryHeight();
-
-    // Make sure that composition can never be stalled by a virtual display
-    // consumer that isn't processing buffers fast enough. We have to do this
-    // in two places:
-    // * Here, in case the display is composed entirely by HWC.
-    // * In makeCurrent(), using eglSwapInterval. Some EGL drivers set the
-    //   window's swap interval in eglMakeCurrent, so they'll override the
-    //   interval we set here.
-    if (mType >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL)
-        window->setSwapInterval(window, 0);
-
-    mPageFlipCount = 0;
-    mViewport.makeInvalid();
-    mFrame.makeInvalid();
-
-    // virtual displays are always considered enabled
-    mPowerMode = (mType >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL) ?
-                  HWC_POWER_MODE_NORMAL : HWC_POWER_MODE_OFF;
 
     // initialize the display orientation transform.
     setProjection(DisplayState::eOrientationDefault, mViewport, mFrame);
-
-    if (useTripleFramebuffer) {
-        surface->allocateBuffers();
-    }
 }
 
-DisplayDevice::~DisplayDevice() {
-}
+DisplayDevice::~DisplayDevice() = default;
 
 void DisplayDevice::disconnect(HWComposer& hwc) {
     if (mHwcDisplayId >= 0) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.h b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.h
index 737971f..fbb0d46 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayDevice.h
@@ -77,9 +77,14 @@
             int32_t hwcId,
             bool isSecure,
             const wp<IBinder>& displayToken,
+            const sp<ANativeWindow>& nativeWindow,
             const sp<DisplaySurface>& displaySurface,
-            const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer,
-            bool supportWideColor, bool supportHdr);
+            std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface> renderSurface,
+            int displayWidth,
+            int displayHeight,
+            bool supportWideColor,
+            bool supportHdr,
+            int initialPowerMode);
     // clang-format on
 
     ~DisplayDevice();
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
index 381da63..0c77aba 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/DisplayHardware/HWC2.cpp
@@ -145,32 +145,32 @@
 
 void Device::onHotplug(hwc2_display_t displayId, Connection connection) {
     if (connection == Connection::Connected) {
-        auto display = getDisplayById(displayId);
-        if (display) {
-            if (display->isConnected()) {
-                ALOGW("Attempt to hotplug connect display %" PRIu64
-                        " , which is already connected.", displayId);
-            } else {
-                display->setConnected(true);
-            }
-        } else {
-            DisplayType displayType;
-            auto intError = mComposer->getDisplayType(displayId,
-                    reinterpret_cast<Hwc2::IComposerClient::DisplayType *>(
-                            &displayType));
-            auto error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
-            if (error != Error::None) {
-                ALOGE("getDisplayType(%" PRIu64 ") failed: %s (%d). "
-                        "Aborting hotplug attempt.",
-                        displayId, to_string(error).c_str(), intError);
-                return;
-            }
-
-            auto newDisplay = std::make_unique<Display>(
-                    *mComposer.get(), mCapabilities, displayId, displayType);
-            newDisplay->setConnected(true);
-            mDisplays.emplace(displayId, std::move(newDisplay));
+        // If we get a hotplug connected event for a display we already have,
+        // destroy the display and recreate it. This will force us to requery
+        // the display params and recreate all layers on that display.
+        auto oldDisplay = getDisplayById(displayId);
+        if (oldDisplay != nullptr && oldDisplay->isConnected()) {
+            ALOGI("Hotplug connecting an already connected display."
+                    " Clearing old display state.");
         }
+        mDisplays.erase(displayId);
+
+        DisplayType displayType;
+        auto intError = mComposer->getDisplayType(displayId,
+                reinterpret_cast<Hwc2::IComposerClient::DisplayType *>(
+                        &displayType));
+        auto error = static_cast<Error>(intError);
+        if (error != Error::None) {
+            ALOGE("getDisplayType(%" PRIu64 ") failed: %s (%d). "
+                    "Aborting hotplug attempt.",
+                    displayId, to_string(error).c_str(), intError);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto newDisplay = std::make_unique<Display>(
+                *mComposer.get(), mCapabilities, displayId, displayType);
+        newDisplay->setConnected(true);
+        mDisplays.emplace(displayId, std::move(newDisplay));
     } else if (connection == Connection::Disconnected) {
         // The display will later be destroyed by a call to
         // destroyDisplay(). For now we just mark it disconnected.
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
index b072213..615270f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.cpp
@@ -490,6 +490,8 @@
         hwcInfo.forceClientComposition = true;
     }
 
+    auto& hwcLayer = hwcInfo.layer;
+
     // this gives us only the "orientation" component of the transform
     const State& s(getDrawingState());
     auto blendMode = HWC2::BlendMode::None;
@@ -497,7 +499,12 @@
         blendMode =
                 mPremultipliedAlpha ? HWC2::BlendMode::Premultiplied : HWC2::BlendMode::Coverage;
     }
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.blendMode = blendMode;
+    auto error = (*hwcLayer)->setBlendMode(blendMode);
+    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
+             "[%s] Failed to set blend mode %s:"
+             " %s (%d)",
+             mName.string(), to_string(blendMode).c_str(), to_string(error).c_str(),
+             static_cast<int32_t>(error));
 
     // apply the layer's transform, followed by the display's global transform
     // here we're guaranteed that the layer's transform preserves rects
@@ -540,27 +547,51 @@
     }
     const Transform& tr(displayDevice->getTransform());
     Rect transformedFrame = tr.transform(frame);
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame = transformedFrame;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setDisplayFrame(transformedFrame);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set display frame [%d, %d, %d, %d]: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
+              transformedFrame.left, transformedFrame.top, transformedFrame.right,
+              transformedFrame.bottom, to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    } else {
+        hwcInfo.displayFrame = transformedFrame;
+    }
 
     FloatRect sourceCrop = computeCrop(displayDevice);
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop = sourceCrop;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setSourceCrop(sourceCrop);
+    if (error != HWC2::Error::None) {
+        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set source crop [%.3f, %.3f, %.3f, %.3f]: "
+              "%s (%d)",
+              mName.string(), sourceCrop.left, sourceCrop.top, sourceCrop.right, sourceCrop.bottom,
+              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+    } else {
+        hwcInfo.sourceCrop = sourceCrop;
+    }
 
     float alpha = static_cast<float>(getAlpha());
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.alpha = alpha;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setPlaneAlpha(alpha);
+    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
+             "[%s] Failed to set plane alpha %.3f: "
+             "%s (%d)",
+             mName.string(), alpha, to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
 
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.z = z;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setZOrder(z);
+    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None, "[%s] Failed to set Z %u: %s (%d)", mName.string(), z,
+             to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
 
     int type = s.type;
     int appId = s.appId;
     sp<Layer> parent = mDrawingParent.promote();
     if (parent.get()) {
         auto& parentState = parent->getDrawingState();
-        type = parentState.type;
-        appId = parentState.appId;
+        if (parentState.type >= 0 || parentState.appId >= 0) {
+            type = parentState.type;
+            appId = parentState.appId;
+        }
     }
 
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.type = type;
-    getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.appId = appId;
+    error = (*hwcLayer)->setInfo(type, appId);
+    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None, "[%s] Failed to set info (%d)", mName.string(),
+             static_cast<int32_t>(error));
 
     /*
      * Transformations are applied in this order:
@@ -607,109 +638,12 @@
     } else {
         auto transform = static_cast<HWC2::Transform>(orientation);
         hwcInfo.transform = transform;
-        getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.transform = transform;
-    }
-}
-
-void Layer::configureHwcLayer(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& displayDevice) {
-    ATRACE_CALL();
-
-    auto hwcId = displayDevice->getHwcDisplayId();
-    auto& hwcInfo = getBE().mHwcLayers[hwcId];
-    auto& hwcLayer = hwcInfo.layer;
-
-    auto error = (*hwcLayer)->setBlendMode(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.blendMode);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-             "[%s] Failed to set blend mode %s:"
-             " %s (%d)",
-             mName.string(),
-             to_string(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.blendMode).c_str(), to_string(error).c_str(),
-             static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setDisplayFrame(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set the display frame [%d, %d, %d, %d] %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(),
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame.left,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame.right,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame.top,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame.bottom,
-            to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setPlaneAlpha(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.alpha);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-             "[%s] Failed to set plane alpha %.3f: "
-             "%s (%d)",
-             mName.string(), getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.alpha,
-             to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setSourceCrop(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set source crop [%.3f, %.3f, %.3f, %.3f]: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(),
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop.left,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop.right,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop.top,
-            getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop.bottom,
-            to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setTransform(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.transform);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-             "[%s] Failed to set transform %s: "
-             "%s (%d)",
-             mName.string(),
-             to_string(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.transform).c_str(), to_string(error).c_str(),
-             static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setZOrder(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.z);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set Z %u: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.z,
-            to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setInfo(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.type, getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.appId);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set info (%d)",
-            mName.string(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setVisibleRegion(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.visibleRegion);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set visible region: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setSurfaceDamage(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.surfaceDamage);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set surface damage: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setCompositionType(getBE().compositionInfo.compositionType);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set composition type: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setDataspace(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.dataspace);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set dataspace: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setHdrMetadata(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.hdrMetadata);
-    if (error != HWC2::Error::None && error != HWC2::Error::Unsupported) {
-        ALOGE("[%s] Failed to set hdrMetadata: %s (%d)", mName.string(),
-              to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-    }
-
-    error = (*hwcLayer)->setColor(getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.color);
-    ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-            "[%s] Failed to set color: %s (%d)",
-            mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
-
-    if (getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.fence) {
-        error = (*hwcLayer)->setBuffer(getBE().compositionInfo.mBufferSlot,
-                getBE().compositionInfo.mBuffer, getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.fence);
+        auto error = (*hwcLayer)->setTransform(transform);
         ALOGE_IF(error != HWC2::Error::None,
-                "[%s] Failed to set buffer: %s (%d)",
-                mName.string(), to_string(error).c_str(), static_cast<int32_t>(error));
+                 "[%s] Failed to set transform %s: "
+                 "%s (%d)",
+                 mName.string(), to_string(transform).c_str(), to_string(error).c_str(),
+                 static_cast<int32_t>(error));
     }
 }
 
@@ -1378,7 +1312,7 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-void Layer::setInfo(uint32_t type, uint32_t appId) {
+void Layer::setInfo(int32_t type, int32_t appId) {
     mCurrentState.appId = appId;
     mCurrentState.type = type;
     mCurrentState.modified = true;
@@ -1556,11 +1490,12 @@
     result.appendFormat(" %s\n", name.string());
 
     const Layer::State& layerState(getDrawingState());
+    const LayerBE::HWCInfo& hwcInfo = getBE().mHwcLayers.at(hwcId);
     result.appendFormat("  %10d | ", layerState.z);
     result.appendFormat("%10s | ", to_string(getCompositionType(hwcId)).c_str());
-    const Rect& frame = getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.displayFrame;
+    const Rect& frame = hwcInfo.displayFrame;
     result.appendFormat("%4d %4d %4d %4d | ", frame.left, frame.top, frame.right, frame.bottom);
-    const FloatRect& crop = getBE().compositionInfo.hwc.sourceCrop;
+    const FloatRect& crop = hwcInfo.sourceCrop;
     result.appendFormat("%6.1f %6.1f %6.1f %6.1f\n", crop.left, crop.top, crop.right, crop.bottom);
 
     result.append("- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ");
@@ -1983,6 +1918,8 @@
 
     layerInfo->set_queued_frames(getQueuedFrameCount());
     layerInfo->set_refresh_pending(isBufferLatched());
+    layerInfo->set_window_type(state.type);
+    layerInfo->set_app_id(state.appId);
 }
 
 void Layer::writeToProto(LayerProto* layerInfo, int32_t hwcId) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
index 87f9489..c1a4dcf 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Layer.h
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@
         Region requestedTransparentRegion;
         android_dataspace dataSpace;
 
-        uint32_t appId;
-        uint32_t type;
+        int32_t appId;
+        int32_t type;
 
         // If non-null, a Surface this Surface's Z-order is interpreted relative to.
         wp<Layer> zOrderRelativeOf;
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
     void deferTransactionUntil(const sp<IBinder>& barrierHandle, uint64_t frameNumber);
     void deferTransactionUntil(const sp<Layer>& barrierLayer, uint64_t frameNumber);
     bool setOverrideScalingMode(int32_t overrideScalingMode);
-    void setInfo(uint32_t type, uint32_t appId);
+    void setInfo(int32_t type, int32_t appId);
     bool reparentChildren(const sp<IBinder>& layer);
     void reparentChildrenForDrawing(const sp<Layer>& layer);
     bool reparent(const sp<IBinder>& newParentHandle);
@@ -309,7 +309,6 @@
     virtual void setDefaultBufferSize(uint32_t /*w*/, uint32_t /*h*/) {}
 
     void setGeometry(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& displayDevice, uint32_t z);
-    void configureHwcLayer(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& displayDevice);
     void forceClientComposition(int32_t hwcId);
     bool getForceClientComposition(int32_t hwcId);
     virtual void setPerFrameData(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& displayDevice) = 0;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerBE.h b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerBE.h
index 06c88a4..854cdd6 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerBE.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerBE.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
-#include <gui/HdrMetadata.h>
 #include <ui/Region.h>
 
 #include "SurfaceFlinger.h"
@@ -81,7 +80,6 @@
         sp<NativeHandle> sidebandStream;
         android_dataspace dataspace;
         hwc_color_t color;
-        HdrMetadata hdrMetadata;
     } hwc;
     struct {
         Mesh* mesh;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.cpp
index ea2542c..ad1043f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.cpp
@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@
 }
 
 void LayerStats::traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(
-        const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*>& layerTree,
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> layerTree,
         const LayerProtoParser::LayerGlobal* layerGlobal) {
-    for (auto layer : layerTree) {
+    for (std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>& layer : layerTree) {
         if (!layer) continue;
-        traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(layer->children, layerGlobal);
+        traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(std::move(layer->children), layerGlobal);
         std::string key =
                 base::StringPrintf("%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s",
                                    destinationLocation(layer->hwcFrame.left,
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
                                                    layerGlobal->resolution[0], true),
                                    destinationSize(layer->hwcFrame.bottom - layer->hwcFrame.top,
                                                    layerGlobal->resolution[1], false),
-                                   layer->type.c_str(), scaleRatioWH(layer).c_str(),
+                                   layer->type.c_str(), scaleRatioWH(layer.get()).c_str(),
                                    layerTransform(layer->hwcTransform), layer->pixelFormat.c_str(),
                                    layer->dataspace.c_str());
         mLayerStatsMap[key]++;
@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@
     auto layerGlobal = LayerProtoParser::generateLayerGlobalInfo(layersProto);
     auto layerTree = LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(layersProto);
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(layerTree, &layerGlobal);
-    LayerProtoParser::destroyLayerTree(layerTree);
+    traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(std::move(layerTree), &layerGlobal);
 }
 
 void LayerStats::dump(String8& result) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.h b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.h
index 1924110..9522725 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/LayerStats.h
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@
 
 private:
     // Traverse layer tree to get all visible layers' stats
-    void traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*>& layerTree,
-                                      const LayerProtoParser::LayerGlobal* layerGlobal);
+    void traverseLayerTreeStatsLocked(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> layerTree,
+        const LayerProtoParser::LayerGlobal* layerGlobal);
     // Convert layer's top-left position into 8x8 percentage of the display
     static const char* destinationLocation(int32_t location, int32_t range, bool isHorizontal);
     // Convert layer's size into 8x8 percentage of the display
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/RenderEngine/ProgramCache.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/RenderEngine/ProgramCache.cpp
index 7a43ea9..6a34981 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/RenderEngine/ProgramCache.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/RenderEngine/ProgramCache.cpp
@@ -305,15 +305,24 @@
 
         if (needs.hasToneMapping()) {
             fs << R"__SHADER__(
-                float ToneMapChannel(const float color) {
+                float CalculateY(const vec3 color) {
+                    // BT2020 standard uses the unadjusted KR = 0.2627,
+                    // KB = 0.0593 luminance interpretation for RGB conversion.
+                    return color.r * 0.262700 + color.g * 0.677998 +
+                            color.b * 0.059302;
+                }
+                vec3 ToneMap(const vec3 color) {
                     const float maxLumi = 10000.0;
                     const float maxMasteringLumi = 1000.0;
                     const float maxContentLumi = 1000.0;
                     const float maxInLumi = min(maxMasteringLumi, maxContentLumi);
                     const float maxOutLumi = 500.0;
 
+                    // Calculate Y value in XYZ color space.
+                    float colorY = CalculateY(color);
+
                     // convert to nits first
-                    float nits = color * maxLumi;
+                    float nits = colorY * maxLumi;
 
                     // clamp to max input luminance
                     nits = clamp(nits, 0.0, maxInLumi);
@@ -360,12 +369,8 @@
                     }
 
                     // convert back to [0.0, 1.0]
-                    return nits / maxOutLumi;
-                }
-
-                vec3 ToneMap(const vec3 color) {
-                    return vec3(ToneMapChannel(color.r), ToneMapChannel(color.g),
-                                ToneMapChannel(color.b));
+                    float targetY = nits / maxOutLumi;
+                    return color * (targetY / max(1e-6, colorY));
                 }
             )__SHADER__";
         } else {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
index 8d5c496..f709534 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp
@@ -154,6 +154,32 @@
     return std::string(value) == "true";
 }
 
+NativeWindowSurface::~NativeWindowSurface() = default;
+
+namespace impl {
+
+class NativeWindowSurface final : public android::NativeWindowSurface {
+public:
+    static std::unique_ptr<android::NativeWindowSurface> create(
+            const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer) {
+        return std::make_unique<NativeWindowSurface>(producer);
+    }
+
+    explicit NativeWindowSurface(const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer)
+          : surface(new Surface(producer, false)) {}
+
+    ~NativeWindowSurface() override = default;
+
+private:
+    sp<ANativeWindow> getNativeWindow() const override { return surface; }
+
+    void preallocateBuffers() override { surface->allocateBuffers(); }
+
+    sp<Surface> surface;
+};
+
+} // namespace impl
+
 SurfaceFlingerBE::SurfaceFlingerBE()
       : mHwcServiceName(getHwcServiceName()),
         mRenderEngine(nullptr),
@@ -194,7 +220,8 @@
         mNumLayers(0),
         mVrFlingerRequestsDisplay(false),
         mMainThreadId(std::this_thread::get_id()),
-        mCreateBufferQueue(&BufferQueue::createBufferQueue) {}
+        mCreateBufferQueue(&BufferQueue::createBufferQueue),
+        mCreateNativeWindowSurface(&impl::NativeWindowSurface::create) {}
 
 SurfaceFlinger::SurfaceFlinger() : SurfaceFlinger(SkipInitialization) {
     ALOGI("SurfaceFlinger is starting");
@@ -647,7 +674,6 @@
 
     // set initial conditions (e.g. unblank default device)
     initializeDisplays();
-    ALOGV("Displays initialized");
 
     getBE().mRenderEngine->primeCache();
 
@@ -1972,18 +1998,6 @@
 
     mPreviousColorMatrix = colorMatrix;
 
-    for (size_t dpy = 0; dpy < mDisplays.size(); dpy++) {
-        sp<const DisplayDevice> displayDevice(mDisplays[dpy]);
-        const auto hwcId = displayDevice->getHwcDisplayId();
-        if (hwcId >= 0) {
-            const Vector<sp<Layer>>& currentLayers(
-                    displayDevice->getVisibleLayersSortedByZ());
-            for (auto& layer : currentLayers) {
-                layer->configureHwcLayer(displayDevice);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     for (size_t displayId = 0; displayId < mDisplays.size(); ++displayId) {
         auto& displayDevice = mDisplays[displayId];
         if (!displayDevice->isDisplayOn()) {
@@ -2113,7 +2127,7 @@
 }
 
 DisplayDevice::DisplayType SurfaceFlinger::determineDisplayType(hwc2_display_t display,
-        HWC2::Connection connection) const {
+                                                                HWC2::Connection connection) const {
     // Figure out whether the event is for the primary display or an
     // external display by matching the Hwc display id against one for a
     // connected display. If we did not find a match, we then check what
@@ -2154,16 +2168,16 @@
         getBE().mHwc->onHotplug(event.display, displayType, event.connection);
 
         if (event.connection == HWC2::Connection::Connected) {
-            ALOGV("Creating built in display %d", displayType);
-            ALOGW_IF(mBuiltinDisplays[displayType],
-                    "Overwriting display token for display type %d", displayType);
-            mBuiltinDisplays[displayType] = new BBinder();
-            // All non-virtual displays are currently considered secure.
-            DisplayDeviceState info(displayType, true);
-            info.displayName = displayType == DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY ?
-                    "Built-in Screen" : "External Screen";
-            mCurrentState.displays.add(mBuiltinDisplays[displayType], info);
-            mInterceptor->saveDisplayCreation(info);
+            if (!mBuiltinDisplays[displayType].get()) {
+                ALOGV("Creating built in display %d", displayType);
+                mBuiltinDisplays[displayType] = new BBinder();
+                // All non-virtual displays are currently considered secure.
+                DisplayDeviceState info(displayType, true);
+                info.displayName = displayType == DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY ?
+                        "Built-in Screen" : "External Screen";
+                mCurrentState.displays.add(mBuiltinDisplays[displayType], info);
+                mInterceptor->saveDisplayCreation(info);
+            }
         } else {
             ALOGV("Removing built in display %d", displayType);
 
@@ -2182,6 +2196,84 @@
     mPendingHotplugEvents.clear();
 }
 
+sp<DisplayDevice> SurfaceFlinger::setupNewDisplayDeviceInternal(
+        const wp<IBinder>& display, int hwcId, const DisplayDeviceState& state,
+        const sp<DisplaySurface>& dispSurface, const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer) {
+    bool hasWideColorSupport = false;
+    if (hasWideColorDisplay) {
+        std::vector<ColorMode> modes = getHwComposer().getColorModes(state.type);
+        for (ColorMode colorMode : modes) {
+            switch (colorMode) {
+                case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
+                case ColorMode::ADOBE_RGB:
+                case ColorMode::DCI_P3:
+                    hasWideColorSupport = true;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool hasHdrSupport = false;
+    std::unique_ptr<HdrCapabilities> hdrCapabilities =
+            getHwComposer().getHdrCapabilities(state.type);
+    if (hdrCapabilities) {
+        const std::vector<int32_t> types = hdrCapabilities->getSupportedHdrTypes();
+        auto iter = std::find(types.cbegin(), types.cend(), HAL_HDR_HDR10);
+        hasHdrSupport = iter != types.cend();
+    }
+
+    auto nativeWindowSurface = mCreateNativeWindowSurface(producer);
+    auto nativeWindow = nativeWindowSurface->getNativeWindow();
+
+    /*
+     * Create our display's surface
+     */
+    std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface> renderSurface = getRenderEngine().createSurface();
+    renderSurface->setCritical(state.type == DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY);
+    renderSurface->setAsync(state.type >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL);
+    renderSurface->setNativeWindow(nativeWindow.get());
+    const int displayWidth = renderSurface->queryWidth();
+    const int displayHeight = renderSurface->queryHeight();
+
+    // Make sure that composition can never be stalled by a virtual display
+    // consumer that isn't processing buffers fast enough. We have to do this
+    // in two places:
+    // * Here, in case the display is composed entirely by HWC.
+    // * In makeCurrent(), using eglSwapInterval. Some EGL drivers set the
+    //   window's swap interval in eglMakeCurrent, so they'll override the
+    //   interval we set here.
+    if (state.type >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL) {
+        nativeWindow->setSwapInterval(nativeWindow.get(), 0);
+    }
+
+    // virtual displays are always considered enabled
+    auto initialPowerMode = (state.type >= DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_VIRTUAL) ? HWC_POWER_MODE_NORMAL
+                                                                           : HWC_POWER_MODE_OFF;
+
+    sp<DisplayDevice> hw =
+            new DisplayDevice(this, state.type, hwcId, state.isSecure, display, nativeWindow,
+                              dispSurface, std::move(renderSurface), displayWidth, displayHeight,
+                              hasWideColorSupport, hasHdrSupport, initialPowerMode);
+
+    if (maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers >= 3) {
+        nativeWindowSurface->preallocateBuffers();
+    }
+
+    ColorMode defaultColorMode = ColorMode::NATIVE;
+    if (hasWideColorSupport) {
+        defaultColorMode = ColorMode::SRGB;
+    }
+    setActiveColorModeInternal(hw, defaultColorMode);
+    hw->setCompositionDataSpace(HAL_DATASPACE_UNKNOWN);
+    hw->setLayerStack(state.layerStack);
+    hw->setProjection(state.orientation, state.viewport, state.frame);
+    hw->setDisplayName(state.displayName);
+
+    return hw;
+}
+
 void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayChangesLocked() {
     // here we take advantage of Vector's copy-on-write semantics to
     // improve performance by skipping the transaction entirely when
@@ -2304,50 +2396,10 @@
                 }
 
                 const wp<IBinder>& display(curr.keyAt(i));
-
                 if (dispSurface != nullptr) {
-                    bool hasWideColorSupport = false;
-                    if (hasWideColorDisplay) {
-                        std::vector<ColorMode> modes =
-                                getHwComposer().getColorModes(state.type);
-                        for (ColorMode colorMode : modes) {
-                            switch (colorMode) {
-                                case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
-                                case ColorMode::ADOBE_RGB:
-                                case ColorMode::DCI_P3:
-                                    hasWideColorSupport = true;
-                                    break;
-                                default:
-                                    break;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    bool hasHdrSupport = false;
-                    std::unique_ptr<HdrCapabilities> hdrCapabilities =
-                        getHwComposer().getHdrCapabilities(state.type);
-                    if (hdrCapabilities) {
-                        const std::vector<int32_t> types = hdrCapabilities->getSupportedHdrTypes();
-                        auto iter = std::find(types.cbegin(), types.cend(), HAL_HDR_HDR10);
-                        hasHdrSupport = iter != types.cend();
-                    }
-
-                    sp<DisplayDevice> hw =
-                            new DisplayDevice(this, state.type, hwcId, state.isSecure, display,
-                                              dispSurface, producer, hasWideColorSupport,
-                                              hasHdrSupport);
-
-                    ColorMode defaultColorMode = ColorMode::NATIVE;
-                    if (hasWideColorSupport) {
-                        defaultColorMode = ColorMode::SRGB;
-                    }
-                    setActiveColorModeInternal(hw, defaultColorMode);
-                    hw->setCompositionDataSpace(HAL_DATASPACE_UNKNOWN);
-                    hw->setLayerStack(state.layerStack);
-                    hw->setProjection(state.orientation, state.viewport, state.frame);
-                    hw->setDisplayName(state.displayName);
-
-                    mDisplays.add(display, hw);
+                    mDisplays.add(display,
+                                  setupNewDisplayDeviceInternal(display, hwcId, state, dispSurface,
+                                                                producer));
                     if (!state.isVirtualDisplay()) {
                         mEventThread->onHotplugReceived(state.type, true);
                     }
@@ -2775,7 +2827,6 @@
     }
 
     bool hasClientComposition = getBE().mHwc->hasClientComposition(hwcId);
-    ATRACE_INT("hasClientComposition", hasClientComposition);
     if (hasClientComposition) {
         ALOGV("hasClientComposition");
 
@@ -3353,7 +3404,7 @@
         const String8& name,
         const sp<Client>& client,
         uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-        uint32_t windowType, uint32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
+        int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
         sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp, sp<Layer>* parent)
 {
     if (int32_t(w|h) < 0) {
@@ -4062,7 +4113,7 @@
 
     LayersProto layersProto = dumpProtoInfo(LayerVector::StateSet::Current);
     auto layerTree = LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(layersProto);
-    result.append(LayerProtoParser::layersToString(layerTree).c_str());
+    result.append(LayerProtoParser::layersToString(std::move(layerTree)).c_str());
 
     /*
      * Dump Display state
@@ -4886,6 +4937,7 @@
 
 }; // namespace android
 
+
 #if defined(__gl_h_)
 #error "don't include gl/gl.h in this file"
 #endif
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
index c7ffea7..99bbb13 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -121,6 +121,19 @@
     eTransactionMask          = 0x07
 };
 
+// A thin interface to abstract creating instances of Surface (gui/Surface.h) to
+// use as a NativeWindow.
+class NativeWindowSurface {
+public:
+    virtual ~NativeWindowSurface();
+
+    // Gets the NativeWindow to use for the surface.
+    virtual sp<ANativeWindow> getNativeWindow() const = 0;
+
+    // Indicates that the surface should allocate its buffers now.
+    virtual void preallocateBuffers() = 0;
+};
+
 class SurfaceFlingerBE
 {
 public:
@@ -491,7 +504,7 @@
      */
     status_t createLayer(const String8& name, const sp<Client>& client,
             uint32_t w, uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
-            uint32_t windowType, uint32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
+            int32_t windowType, int32_t ownerUid, sp<IBinder>* handle,
             sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp, sp<Layer>* parent);
 
     status_t createBufferLayer(const sp<Client>& client, const String8& name,
@@ -650,6 +663,10 @@
      */
     DisplayDevice::DisplayType determineDisplayType(hwc2_display_t display,
             HWC2::Connection connection) const;
+    sp<DisplayDevice> setupNewDisplayDeviceInternal(const wp<IBinder>& display, int hwcId,
+                                                    const DisplayDeviceState& state,
+                                                    const sp<DisplaySurface>& dispSurface,
+                                                    const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer);
     void processDisplayChangesLocked();
     void processDisplayHotplugEventsLocked();
 
@@ -843,6 +860,10 @@
                                bool /* consumerIsSurfaceFlinger */)>;
     CreateBufferQueueFunction mCreateBufferQueue;
 
+    using CreateNativeWindowSurfaceFunction =
+            std::function<std::unique_ptr<NativeWindowSurface>(const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>&)>;
+    CreateNativeWindowSurfaceFunction mCreateNativeWindowSurface;
+
     SurfaceFlingerBE mBE;
 };
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
index 7483abd..b10e07b 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h>
 #include <ui/DebugUtils.h>
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace surfaceflinger {
 
-bool sortLayers(const LayerProtoParser::Layer* lhs, const LayerProtoParser::Layer* rhs) {
+bool sortLayers(LayerProtoParser::Layer* lhs, const LayerProtoParser::Layer* rhs) {
     uint32_t ls = lhs->layerStack;
     uint32_t rs = rhs->layerStack;
     if (ls != rs) return ls < rs;
@@ -38,33 +37,30 @@
     return lhs->id < rhs->id;
 }
 
+bool sortLayerUniquePtrs(const std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>& lhs,
+                   const std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>& rhs) {
+    return sortLayers(lhs.get(), rhs.get());
+}
+
 const LayerProtoParser::LayerGlobal LayerProtoParser::generateLayerGlobalInfo(
         const LayersProto& layersProto) {
     return {{layersProto.resolution().w(), layersProto.resolution().h()}};
 }
 
-void LayerProtoParser::destroyLayerTree(
-        const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*>& layerTree) {
-    for (auto layer : layerTree) {
-        destroyLayerTree(layer->children);
-        delete layer;
-    }
-}
-
-std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*> LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(
+std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(
         const LayersProto& layersProto) {
-    auto layerMap = generateMap(layersProto);
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, LayerProtoParser::Layer*> layerMap = generateMap(layersProto);
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> layers;
 
-    std::vector<const Layer*> layers;
-    std::for_each(layerMap.begin(), layerMap.end(),
-                  [&](const std::pair<const int32_t, Layer*>& ref) {
-                      if (ref.second->parent == nullptr) {
-                          // only save top level layers
-                          layers.push_back(ref.second);
-                      }
-                  });
+    for (std::pair<int32_t, Layer*> kv : layerMap) {
+        if (kv.second->parent == nullptr) {
+            // Make unique_ptr for top level layers since they are not children. This ensures there
+            // will only be one unique_ptr made for each layer.
+            layers.push_back(std::unique_ptr<Layer>(kv.second));
+        }
+    }
 
-    std::sort(layers.begin(), layers.end(), sortLayers);
+    std::sort(layers.begin(), layers.end(), sortLayerUniquePtrs);
     return layers;
 }
 
@@ -118,6 +114,8 @@
     layer->hwcFrame = generateRect(layerProto.hwc_frame());
     layer->hwcCrop = generateFloatRect(layerProto.hwc_crop());
     layer->hwcTransform = layerProto.hwc_transform();
+    layer->windowType = layerProto.window_type();
+    layer->appId = layerProto.app_id();
 
     return layer;
 }
@@ -181,63 +179,61 @@
 
     for (int i = 0; i < layerProto.children_size(); i++) {
         if (layerMap.count(layerProto.children(i)) > 0) {
-            auto childLayer = layerMap[layerProto.children(i)];
-            currLayer->children.push_back(childLayer);
+            // Only make unique_ptrs for children since they are guaranteed to be unique, only one
+            // parent per child. This ensures there will only be one unique_ptr made for each layer.
+            currLayer->children.push_back(std::unique_ptr<Layer>(layerMap[layerProto.children(i)]));
         }
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < layerProto.relatives_size(); i++) {
         if (layerMap.count(layerProto.relatives(i)) > 0) {
-            auto relativeLayer = layerMap[layerProto.relatives(i)];
-            currLayer->relatives.push_back(relativeLayer);
+            currLayer->relatives.push_back(layerMap[layerProto.relatives(i)]);
         }
     }
 
     if (layerProto.has_parent()) {
         if (layerMap.count(layerProto.parent()) > 0) {
-            auto parentLayer = layerMap[layerProto.parent()];
-            currLayer->parent = parentLayer;
+            currLayer->parent = layerMap[layerProto.parent()];
         }
     }
 
     if (layerProto.has_z_order_relative_of()) {
         if (layerMap.count(layerProto.z_order_relative_of()) > 0) {
-            auto relativeLayer = layerMap[layerProto.z_order_relative_of()];
-            currLayer->zOrderRelativeOf = relativeLayer;
+            currLayer->zOrderRelativeOf = layerMap[layerProto.z_order_relative_of()];
         }
     }
 }
 
 std::string LayerProtoParser::layersToString(
-        const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*> layers) {
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> layers) {
     std::string result;
-    for (const LayerProtoParser::Layer* layer : layers) {
+    for (std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>& layer : layers) {
         if (layer->zOrderRelativeOf != nullptr) {
             continue;
         }
-        result.append(layerToString(layer).c_str());
+        result.append(layerToString(layer.get()).c_str());
     }
 
     return result;
 }
 
-std::string LayerProtoParser::layerToString(const LayerProtoParser::Layer* layer) {
+std::string LayerProtoParser::layerToString(LayerProtoParser::Layer* layer) {
     std::string result;
 
-    std::vector<const Layer*> traverse(layer->relatives);
-    for (const LayerProtoParser::Layer* child : layer->children) {
+    std::vector<Layer*> traverse(layer->relatives);
+    for (std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>& child : layer->children) {
         if (child->zOrderRelativeOf != nullptr) {
             continue;
         }
 
-        traverse.push_back(child);
+        traverse.push_back(child.get());
     }
 
     std::sort(traverse.begin(), traverse.end(), sortLayers);
 
     size_t i = 0;
     for (; i < traverse.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& relative = traverse[i];
+        auto& relative = traverse[i];
         if (relative->z >= 0) {
             break;
         }
@@ -246,7 +242,7 @@
     result.append(layer->to_string().c_str());
     result.append("\n");
     for (; i < traverse.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& relative = traverse[i];
+        auto& relative = traverse[i];
         result.append(layerToString(relative).c_str());
     }
 
@@ -309,7 +305,8 @@
     StringAppendF(&result, "      zOrderRelativeOf=%s\n",
                   zOrderRelativeOf == nullptr ? "none" : zOrderRelativeOf->name.c_str());
     StringAppendF(&result, "      activeBuffer=%s,", activeBuffer.to_string().c_str());
-    StringAppendF(&result, " queued-frames=%d, mRefreshPending=%d", queuedFrames, refreshPending);
+    StringAppendF(&result, " queued-frames=%d, mRefreshPending=%d,", queuedFrames, refreshPending);
+    StringAppendF(&result, " windowType=%d, appId=%d", windowType, appId);
 
     return result;
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/include/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/include/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h
index 4747275..fd893da 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/include/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/include/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #include <math/vec4.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -79,8 +80,8 @@
     public:
         int32_t id;
         std::string name;
-        std::vector<const Layer*> children;
-        std::vector<const Layer*> relatives;
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Layer>> children;
+        std::vector<Layer*> relatives;
         std::string type;
         LayerProtoParser::Region transparentRegion;
         LayerProtoParser::Region visibleRegion;
@@ -109,6 +110,8 @@
         LayerProtoParser::Rect hwcFrame;
         LayerProtoParser::FloatRect hwcCrop;
         int32_t hwcTransform;
+        int32_t windowType;
+        int32_t appId;
 
         std::string to_string() const;
     };
@@ -119,9 +122,8 @@
     };
 
     static const LayerGlobal generateLayerGlobalInfo(const LayersProto& layersProto);
-    static std::vector<const Layer*> generateLayerTree(const LayersProto& layersProto);
-    static void destroyLayerTree(const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*>& layerTree);
-    static std::string layersToString(const std::vector<const LayerProtoParser::Layer*> layers);
+    static std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Layer>> generateLayerTree(const LayersProto& layersProto);
+    static std::string layersToString(std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LayerProtoParser::Layer>> layers);
 
 private:
     static std::unordered_map<int32_t, Layer*> generateMap(const LayersProto& layersProto);
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@
     static void updateChildrenAndRelative(const LayerProto& layerProto,
                                           std::unordered_map<int32_t, Layer*>& layerMap);
 
-    static std::string layerToString(const LayerProtoParser::Layer* layer);
+    static std::string layerToString(LayerProtoParser::Layer* layer);
 };
 
 } // namespace surfaceflinger
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/layers.proto b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/layers.proto
index e232f05..6675aae 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/layers.proto
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/layers.proto
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
   optional FloatRectProto hwc_crop = 31;
   // The layer's composer backend transform
   optional int32 hwc_transform = 32;
+  optional int32 window_type = 33;
+  optional int32 app_id = 34;
 }
 
 message PositionProto {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
index 7d3da32..7523399 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Android.bp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
         "libEGL",
         "libGLESv2",
         "libgui",
+        "liblayers_proto",
         "liblog",
         "libprotobuf-cpp-full",
         "libui",
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Stress_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Stress_test.cpp
index 33dd2f5..4577153 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Stress_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Stress_test.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <thread>
 #include <functional>
-
+#include <layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -47,4 +47,66 @@
     }
 }
 
+surfaceflinger::LayersProto generateLayerProto() {
+    surfaceflinger::LayersProto layersProto;
+    std::array<surfaceflinger::LayerProto*, 10> layers = {};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < layers.size(); ++i) {
+        layers[i] = layersProto.add_layers();
+        layers[i]->set_id(i);
+    }
+
+    layers[0]->add_children(1);
+    layers[1]->set_parent(0);
+    layers[0]->add_children(2);
+    layers[2]->set_parent(0);
+    layers[0]->add_children(3);
+    layers[3]->set_parent(0);
+    layers[2]->add_children(4);
+    layers[4]->set_parent(2);
+    layers[3]->add_children(5);
+    layers[5]->set_parent(3);
+    layers[5]->add_children(6);
+    layers[6]->set_parent(5);
+    layers[5]->add_children(7);
+    layers[7]->set_parent(5);
+    layers[6]->add_children(8);
+    layers[8]->set_parent(6);
+
+    layers[4]->set_z_order_relative_of(3);
+    layers[3]->add_relatives(4);
+    layers[8]->set_z_order_relative_of(9);
+    layers[9]->add_relatives(8);
+    layers[3]->set_z_order_relative_of(1);
+    layers[1]->add_relatives(3);
+
+/* ----------------------------
+ *       - 0 -      - 9 -
+ *      /  |  \
+ *     1   2   3(1)
+ *         |    |
+ *         4(3) 5
+ *             / \
+ *            6   7
+ *            |
+ *            8(9)
+ * -------------------------- */
+
+    return layersProto;
+}
+
+TEST(LayerProtoStress, mem_info) {
+    std::string cmd = "dumpsys meminfo ";
+    cmd += std::to_string(getpid());
+    system(cmd.c_str());
+    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
+        surfaceflinger::LayersProto layersProto = generateLayerProto();
+        auto layerTree = surfaceflinger::LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(layersProto);
+        // Allow some layerTrees to just fall out of scope (instead of std::move)
+        if (i % 2) {
+            surfaceflinger::LayerProtoParser::layersToString(std::move(layerTree));
+        }
+    }
+    system(cmd.c_str());
+}
+
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
index 36bc80f..8ffc5ad 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/Android.bp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
         "MockGraphicBufferProducer.cpp",
         "MockMessageQueue.cpp",
         "MockNativeWindow.cpp",
+        "MockNativeWindowSurface.cpp",
         "MockRenderEngine.cpp",
         "MockSurfaceInterceptor.cpp",
     ],
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
index 48b9e92..c048c58 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/DisplayTransactionTest.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,19 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include "system/window.h"
 
 #include "MockComposer.h"
+#include "MockDisplaySurface.h"
+#include "MockEventControlThread.h"
 #include "MockEventThread.h"
 #include "MockGraphicBufferConsumer.h"
 #include "MockGraphicBufferProducer.h"
+#include "MockMessageQueue.h"
+#include "MockNativeWindow.h"
+#include "MockNativeWindowSurface.h"
 #include "MockRenderEngine.h"
+#include "MockSurfaceInterceptor.h"
 #include "TestableSurfaceFlinger.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -39,41 +46,119 @@
 using testing::Return;
 using testing::SetArgPointee;
 
+using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::ColorMode;
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::Hdr;
 using android::Hwc2::Error;
 using android::Hwc2::IComposer;
 using android::Hwc2::IComposerClient;
 
 using HWC2Display = TestableSurfaceFlinger::HWC2Display;
+using HotplugEvent = TestableSurfaceFlinger::HotplugEvent;
 
 constexpr int32_t DEFAULT_REFRESH_RATE = 1666666666;
 constexpr int32_t DEFAULT_DPI = 320;
 
+constexpr int DEFAULT_CONFIG_ID = 0;
+
 class DisplayTransactionTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
     DisplayTransactionTest();
     ~DisplayTransactionTest() override;
 
-    void setupComposer(int virtualDisplayCount);
-    void setupPrimaryDisplay(int width, int height);
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Precondition helpers
 
-    void expectFramebufferQueuePairCreation(int width, int height);
+    void setupComposer(int virtualDisplayCount);
+    void setupFakeHwcDisplay(hwc2_display_t displayId, DisplayDevice::DisplayType type, int width,
+                             int height);
+
+    struct FakeDisplayDeviceFactory {
+    public:
+        FakeDisplayDeviceFactory(TestableSurfaceFlinger& flinger, sp<BBinder>& displayToken,
+                                 DisplayDevice::DisplayType type, int hwcId)
+              : mFlinger(flinger), mDisplayToken(displayToken), mType(type), mHwcId(hwcId) {}
+
+        sp<DisplayDevice> build() {
+            return new DisplayDevice(mFlinger.mFlinger.get(), mType, mHwcId, false, mDisplayToken,
+                                     mNativeWindow, mDisplaySurface, std::move(mRenderSurface), 0,
+                                     0, false, false, HWC_POWER_MODE_NORMAL);
+        }
+
+        FakeDisplayDeviceFactory& setNativeWindow(const sp<ANativeWindow>& nativeWindow) {
+            mNativeWindow = nativeWindow;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        FakeDisplayDeviceFactory& setDisplaySurface(const sp<DisplaySurface>& displaySurface) {
+            mDisplaySurface = displaySurface;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        FakeDisplayDeviceFactory& setRenderSurface(std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface> renderSurface) {
+            mRenderSurface = std::move(renderSurface);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        TestableSurfaceFlinger& mFlinger;
+        sp<BBinder>& mDisplayToken;
+        DisplayDevice::DisplayType mType;
+        int mHwcId;
+        sp<ANativeWindow> mNativeWindow;
+        sp<DisplaySurface> mDisplaySurface;
+        std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface> mRenderSurface;
+    };
+
+    sp<BBinder> setupFakeExistingPhysicalDisplay(hwc2_display_t displayId,
+                                                 DisplayDevice::DisplayType type);
+
+    void setupFakeBufferQueueFactory();
+    void setupFakeNativeWindowSurfaceFactory(int displayWidth, int displayHeight, bool critical,
+                                             bool async);
+    void expectFramebufferUsageSet(int width, int height, int grallocUsage);
+    void expectHwcHotplugCalls(hwc2_display_t displayId, int displayWidth, int displayHeight);
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Call expectation helpers
+
+    void expectRESurfaceCreationCalls();
+    void expectPhysicalDisplayDeviceCreationCalls(hwc2_display_t displayId, int displayWidth,
+                                                  int displayHeight, bool critical, bool async);
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Postcondition helpers
+
+    bool hasTransactionFlagSet(int flag);
+    bool hasDisplayDevice(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+    sp<DisplayDevice> getDisplayDevice(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+    bool hasCurrentDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+    const DisplayDeviceState& getCurrentDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+    bool hasDrawingDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+    const DisplayDeviceState& getDrawingDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken);
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Test instances
 
     std::unordered_set<HWC2::Capability> mCapabilities;
 
     TestableSurfaceFlinger mFlinger;
     mock::EventThread* mEventThread = new mock::EventThread();
+    mock::EventControlThread* mEventControlThread = new mock::EventControlThread();
 
     // These mocks are created by the test, but are destroyed by SurfaceFlinger
     // by virtue of being stored into a std::unique_ptr. However we still need
     // to keep a reference to them for use in setting up call expectations.
     RE::mock::RenderEngine* mRenderEngine = new RE::mock::RenderEngine();
     Hwc2::mock::Composer* mComposer = new Hwc2::mock::Composer();
+    mock::MessageQueue* mMessageQueue = new mock::MessageQueue();
+    mock::SurfaceInterceptor* mSurfaceInterceptor = new mock::SurfaceInterceptor();
 
     // These mocks are created only when expected to be created via a factory.
     sp<mock::GraphicBufferConsumer> mConsumer;
     sp<mock::GraphicBufferProducer> mProducer;
-    std::unique_ptr<HWC2Display> mDisplay;
+    mock::NativeWindowSurface* mNativeWindowSurface = nullptr;
+    sp<mock::NativeWindow> mNativeWindow;
+    RE::mock::Surface* mRenderSurface = nullptr;
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<HWC2Display>> mFakeHwcDisplays;
 };
 
 DisplayTransactionTest::DisplayTransactionTest() {
@@ -85,8 +170,16 @@
         ADD_FAILURE() << "Unexpected request to create a buffer queue.";
     });
 
+    mFlinger.setCreateNativeWindowSurface([](auto) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Unexpected request to create a native window surface.";
+        return nullptr;
+    });
+
+    mFlinger.mutableEventControlThread().reset(mEventControlThread);
     mFlinger.mutableEventThread().reset(mEventThread);
+    mFlinger.mutableEventQueue().reset(mMessageQueue);
     mFlinger.setupRenderEngine(std::unique_ptr<RE::RenderEngine>(mRenderEngine));
+    mFlinger.mutableInterceptor().reset(mSurfaceInterceptor);
 
     setupComposer(0);
 }
@@ -106,26 +199,49 @@
     Mock::VerifyAndClear(mComposer);
 }
 
-void DisplayTransactionTest::setupPrimaryDisplay(int width, int height) {
-    mDisplay = std::make_unique<HWC2Display>(*mComposer, mCapabilities, 0,
-                                             HWC2::DisplayType::Physical);
+void DisplayTransactionTest::setupFakeHwcDisplay(hwc2_display_t displayId,
+                                                 DisplayDevice::DisplayType type, int width,
+                                                 int height) {
+    auto display = std::make_unique<HWC2Display>(*mComposer, mCapabilities, displayId,
+                                                 HWC2::DisplayType::Physical);
+    display->mutableIsConnected() = true;
+    display->mutableConfigs().emplace(DEFAULT_CONFIG_ID,
+                                      HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(*display, DEFAULT_CONFIG_ID)
+                                              .setWidth(width)
+                                              .setHeight(height)
+                                              .setVsyncPeriod(DEFAULT_REFRESH_RATE)
+                                              .setDpiX(DEFAULT_DPI)
+                                              .setDpiY(DEFAULT_DPI)
+                                              .build());
 
-    mDisplay->mutableIsConnected() = true;
-    mDisplay->mutableConfigs().emplace(0,
-                                       HWC2::Display::Config::Builder(*mDisplay, 0)
-                                               .setWidth(width)
-                                               .setHeight(height)
-                                               .setVsyncPeriod(DEFAULT_REFRESH_RATE)
-                                               .setDpiX(DEFAULT_DPI)
-                                               .setDpiY(DEFAULT_DPI)
-                                               .build());
+    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplayData()[type].reset();
+    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplayData()[type].hwcDisplay = display.get();
+    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplaySlots().emplace(displayId, type);
 
-    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplayData()[DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY].reset();
-    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplayData()[DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY].hwcDisplay = mDisplay.get();
-    mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplaySlots().emplace(0, DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY);
+    mFakeHwcDisplays.push_back(std::move(display));
 }
 
-void DisplayTransactionTest::expectFramebufferQueuePairCreation(int width, int height) {
+sp<BBinder> DisplayTransactionTest::setupFakeExistingPhysicalDisplay(
+        hwc2_display_t displayId, DisplayDevice::DisplayType type) {
+    setupFakeHwcDisplay(displayId, type, 0, 0);
+
+    sp<BBinder> displayToken = new BBinder();
+    mFlinger.mutableBuiltinDisplays()[type] = displayToken;
+    mFlinger.mutableDisplays()
+            .add(displayToken,
+                 FakeDisplayDeviceFactory(mFlinger, displayToken, type, type).build());
+
+    DisplayDeviceState state(type, true);
+    mFlinger.mutableCurrentState().displays.add(displayToken, state);
+    mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().displays.add(displayToken, state);
+
+    return displayToken;
+}
+
+void DisplayTransactionTest::setupFakeBufferQueueFactory() {
+    // This setup is only expected once per test.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mConsumer == nullptr && mProducer == nullptr);
+
     mConsumer = new mock::GraphicBufferConsumer();
     mProducer = new mock::GraphicBufferProducer();
 
@@ -133,61 +249,187 @@
         *outProducer = mProducer;
         *outConsumer = mConsumer;
     });
+}
 
+void DisplayTransactionTest::setupFakeNativeWindowSurfaceFactory(int displayWidth,
+                                                                 int displayHeight, bool critical,
+                                                                 bool async) {
+    // This setup is only expected once per test.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mNativeWindowSurface == nullptr);
+
+    mNativeWindowSurface = new mock::NativeWindowSurface();
+    mNativeWindow = new mock::NativeWindow();
+
+    mFlinger.setCreateNativeWindowSurface(
+            [this](auto) { return std::unique_ptr<NativeWindowSurface>(mNativeWindowSurface); });
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mNativeWindowSurface, getNativeWindow()).WillOnce(Return(mNativeWindow));
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mNativeWindow, perform(19)).Times(1);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, setAsync(async)).Times(1);
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, setCritical(critical)).Times(1);
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, setNativeWindow(mNativeWindow.get())).Times(1);
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, queryWidth()).WillOnce(Return(displayWidth));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderSurface, queryHeight()).WillOnce(Return(displayHeight));
+}
+
+void DisplayTransactionTest::expectFramebufferUsageSet(int width, int height, int grallocUsage) {
     EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, consumerConnect(_, false)).WillOnce(Return(NO_ERROR));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, setConsumerName(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(NO_ERROR));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer,
-                setConsumerUsageBits(GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER | GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER |
-                                     GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB))
-            .WillRepeatedly(Return(NO_ERROR));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, setConsumerUsageBits(grallocUsage)).WillRepeatedly(Return(NO_ERROR));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, setDefaultBufferSize(width, height)).WillRepeatedly(Return(NO_ERROR));
     EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, setMaxAcquiredBufferCount(_)).WillRepeatedly(Return(NO_ERROR));
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mProducer, allocateBuffers(0, 0, 0, 0)).WillRepeatedly(Return());
 }
 
-TEST_F(DisplayTransactionTest, processDisplayChangesLockedProcessesPrimaryDisplayConnected) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::ColorMode;
+void DisplayTransactionTest::expectHwcHotplugCalls(hwc2_display_t displayId, int displayWidth,
+                                                   int displayHeight) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getDisplayType(displayId, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(IComposerClient::DisplayType::PHYSICAL),
+                            Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, setClientTargetSlotCount(_)).WillOnce(Return(Error::NONE));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getDisplayConfigs(_, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(std::vector<unsigned>{0}), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getDisplayAttribute(displayId, 0, IComposerClient::Attribute::WIDTH, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(displayWidth), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer,
+                getDisplayAttribute(displayId, 0, IComposerClient::Attribute::HEIGHT, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(displayHeight), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer,
+                getDisplayAttribute(displayId, 0, IComposerClient::Attribute::VSYNC_PERIOD, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(DEFAULT_REFRESH_RATE), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getDisplayAttribute(displayId, 0, IComposerClient::Attribute::DPI_X, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(DEFAULT_DPI), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getDisplayAttribute(displayId, 0, IComposerClient::Attribute::DPI_Y, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<3>(DEFAULT_DPI), Return(Error::NONE)));
+}
 
-    setupPrimaryDisplay(1920, 1080);
+void DisplayTransactionTest::expectRESurfaceCreationCalls() {
+    // This setup is only expected once per test.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mRenderSurface == nullptr);
 
-    sp<BBinder> token = new BBinder();
-    mFlinger.mutableCurrentState().displays.add(token, {DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, true});
+    mRenderSurface = new RE::mock::Surface();
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderEngine, createSurface())
+            .WillOnce(Return(ByMove(std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface>(mRenderSurface))));
+}
 
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getActiveConfig(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, _))
-            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(0), Return(Error::NONE)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getColorModes(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, _)).Times(0);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getHdrCapabilities(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, _, _, _, _))
+void DisplayTransactionTest::expectPhysicalDisplayDeviceCreationCalls(hwc2_display_t displayId,
+                                                                      int displayWidth,
+                                                                      int displayHeight,
+                                                                      bool critical, bool async) {
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getActiveConfig(displayId, _))
+            .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(DEFAULT_CONFIG_ID), Return(Error::NONE)));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getColorModes(displayId, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, getHdrCapabilities(displayId, _, _, _, _))
             .WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<1>(std::vector<Hdr>()), Return(Error::NONE)));
 
-    expectFramebufferQueuePairCreation(1920, 1080);
+    setupFakeBufferQueueFactory();
+    expectFramebufferUsageSet(displayWidth, displayHeight,
+                              GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER | GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER |
+                                      GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB);
 
-    auto reSurface = new RE::mock::Surface();
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mRenderEngine, createSurface())
-            .WillOnce(Return(ByMove(std::unique_ptr<RE::Surface>(reSurface))));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*reSurface, setAsync(false)).Times(1);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*reSurface, setCritical(true)).Times(1);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*reSurface, setNativeWindow(_)).Times(1);
-    EXPECT_CALL(*reSurface, queryWidth()).WillOnce(Return(1920));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*reSurface, queryHeight()).WillOnce(Return(1080));
+    setupFakeNativeWindowSurfaceFactory(displayWidth, displayHeight, critical, async);
+}
+
+bool DisplayTransactionTest::hasTransactionFlagSet(int flag) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableTransactionFlags() & flag;
+}
+
+bool DisplayTransactionTest::hasDisplayDevice(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableDisplays().indexOfKey(displayToken) >= 0;
+}
+
+sp<DisplayDevice> DisplayTransactionTest::getDisplayDevice(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableDisplays().valueFor(displayToken);
+}
+
+bool DisplayTransactionTest::hasCurrentDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableCurrentState().displays.indexOfKey(displayToken) >= 0;
+}
+
+const DisplayDeviceState& DisplayTransactionTest::getCurrentDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableCurrentState().displays.valueFor(displayToken);
+}
+
+bool DisplayTransactionTest::hasDrawingDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().displays.indexOfKey(displayToken) >= 0;
+}
+
+const DisplayDeviceState& DisplayTransactionTest::getDrawingDisplayState(sp<IBinder> displayToken) {
+    return mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().displays.valueFor(displayToken);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * SurfaceFlinger::handleTransactionLocked(eDisplayTransactionNeeded)
+ */
+
+TEST_F(DisplayTransactionTest, handleTransactionLockedProcessesHotplugConnectPrimary) {
+    constexpr hwc2_display_t externalDisplayId = 102;
+    constexpr hwc2_display_t displayId = 123;
+    constexpr int displayWidth = 1920;
+    constexpr int displayHeight = 1080;
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Preconditions
+
+    // An external display may already be set up
+    setupFakeHwcDisplay(externalDisplayId, DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_EXTERNAL, 3840, 2160);
+
+    // A hotplug connect comes in for a new display
+    mFlinger.mutablePendingHotplugEvents().emplace_back(
+            HotplugEvent{displayId, HWC2::Connection::Connected});
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Call Expectations
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, isUsingVrComposer()).WillOnce(Return(false));
+    expectHwcHotplugCalls(displayId, displayWidth, displayHeight);
+    expectRESurfaceCreationCalls();
+    expectPhysicalDisplayDeviceCreationCalls(displayId, displayWidth, displayHeight, true, false);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mSurfaceInterceptor, saveDisplayCreation(_)).Times(1);
 
     EXPECT_CALL(*mEventThread, onHotplugReceived(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, true)).Times(1);
 
-    mFlinger.processDisplayChangesLocked();
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Invocation
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFlinger.mutableDisplays().indexOfKey(token) >= 0);
+    mFlinger.handleTransactionLocked(eDisplayTransactionNeeded);
 
-    const auto& device = mFlinger.mutableDisplays().valueFor(token);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(device.get());
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Postconditions
+
+    // HWComposer should have an entry for the display
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mFlinger.mutableHwcDisplaySlots().count(displayId) == 1);
+
+    // The display should have set up as a primary built-in display.
+    auto displayToken = mFlinger.mutableBuiltinDisplays()[DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(displayToken != nullptr);
+
+    // The display device should have been set up in the list of displays.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasDisplayDevice(displayToken));
+    const auto& device = getDisplayDevice(displayToken);
     EXPECT_TRUE(device->isSecure());
     EXPECT_TRUE(device->isPrimary());
 
-    ssize_t i = mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().displays.indexOfKey(token);
-    ASSERT_GE(0, i);
-    const auto& draw = mFlinger.mutableDrawingState().displays[i];
+    // The display should have been set up in the current display state
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasCurrentDisplayState(displayToken));
+    const auto& current = getCurrentDisplayState(displayToken);
+    EXPECT_EQ(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, current.type);
+
+    // The display should have been set up in the drawing display state
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasDrawingDisplayState(displayToken));
+    const auto& draw = getDrawingDisplayState(displayToken);
     EXPECT_EQ(DisplayDevice::DISPLAY_PRIMARY, draw.type);
 
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, consumerDisconnect()).Times(1);
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Cleanup conditions
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mComposer, setVsyncEnabled(displayId, IComposerClient::Vsync::DISABLE))
+            .WillOnce(Return(Error::NONE));
+    EXPECT_CALL(*mConsumer, consumerDisconnect()).WillOnce(Return(NO_ERROR));
 }
 
 } // namespace
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0314568
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "MockNativeWindowSurface.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace mock {
+
+// Explicit default instantiation is recommended.
+NativeWindowSurface::NativeWindowSurface() = default;
+NativeWindowSurface::~NativeWindowSurface() = default;
+
+} // namespace mock
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88d1a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/MockNativeWindowSurface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+
+#include <system/window.h> // for ANativeWindow
+
+#include "SurfaceFlinger.h" // for base NativeWindowSurface
+
+namespace android {
+namespace mock {
+
+class NativeWindowSurface : public android::NativeWindowSurface {
+public:
+    NativeWindowSurface();
+    ~NativeWindowSurface();
+
+    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getNativeWindow, sp<ANativeWindow>());
+    MOCK_METHOD0(preallocateBuffers, void());
+};
+
+} // namespace mock
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
index 3e58eb8..2dd8e5f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/unittests/TestableSurfaceFlinger.h
@@ -45,26 +45,40 @@
     }
 
     using CreateBufferQueueFunction = SurfaceFlinger::CreateBufferQueueFunction;
-
     void setCreateBufferQueueFunction(CreateBufferQueueFunction f) {
         mFlinger->mCreateBufferQueue = f;
     }
 
+    using CreateNativeWindowSurfaceFunction = SurfaceFlinger::CreateNativeWindowSurfaceFunction;
+    void setCreateNativeWindowSurface(CreateNativeWindowSurfaceFunction f) {
+        mFlinger->mCreateNativeWindowSurface = f;
+    }
+
+    using HotplugEvent = SurfaceFlinger::HotplugEvent;
+
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Forwarding for functions being tested
      */
-    auto processDisplayChangesLocked() { return mFlinger->processDisplayChangesLocked(); }
+
+    auto handleTransactionLocked(uint32_t transactionFlags) {
+        return mFlinger->handleTransactionLocked(transactionFlags);
+    }
 
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Read-write access to private data to set up preconditions and assert
      * post-conditions.
      */
+
     auto& mutableBuiltinDisplays() { return mFlinger->mBuiltinDisplays; }
-    auto& mutableDisplays() { return mFlinger->mDisplays; }
     auto& mutableCurrentState() { return mFlinger->mCurrentState; }
+    auto& mutableDisplays() { return mFlinger->mDisplays; }
     auto& mutableDrawingState() { return mFlinger->mDrawingState; }
-    auto& mutableEventThread() { return mFlinger->mEventThread; }
+    auto& mutableEventControlThread() { return mFlinger->mEventControlThread; }
     auto& mutableEventQueue() { return mFlinger->mEventQueue; }
+    auto& mutableEventThread() { return mFlinger->mEventThread; }
+    auto& mutableInterceptor() { return mFlinger->mInterceptor; }
+    auto& mutablePendingHotplugEvents() { return mFlinger->mPendingHotplugEvents; }
+    auto& mutableTransactionFlags() { return mFlinger->mTransactionFlags; }
 
     auto& mutableHwcDisplayData() { return mFlinger->getBE().mHwc->mDisplayData; }
     auto& mutableHwcDisplaySlots() { return mFlinger->getBE().mHwc->mHwcDisplaySlots; }
@@ -75,7 +89,10 @@
         // still be referenced by something despite our best efforts to destroy
         // it after each test is done.
         mutableDisplays().clear();
+        mutableEventControlThread().reset();
+        mutableEventQueue().reset();
         mutableEventThread().reset();
+        mutableInterceptor().reset();
         mFlinger->getBE().mHwc.reset();
         mFlinger->getBE().mRenderEngine.reset();
     }
diff --git a/services/vr/hardware_composer/impl/vr_hwc.cpp b/services/vr/hardware_composer/impl/vr_hwc.cpp
index 313c022..11ffc3f 100644
--- a/services/vr/hardware_composer/impl/vr_hwc.cpp
+++ b/services/vr/hardware_composer/impl/vr_hwc.cpp
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@
 
   Error status = Error::NONE;
   sp<VrComposerClient> client;
-  if (client_ == nullptr) {
+  if (!client_.promote().get()) {
     client = new VrComposerClient(*this);
   } else {
     ALOGE("Already have a client");