diff --git a/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
index 74aece8..d4f26a1 100644
--- a/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
+++ b/libs/binder/LazyServiceRegistrar.cpp
@@ -114,6 +114,12 @@
         mNumConnectedServices--;
     }
 
+    // if this fails, we should switch this to keep track of clients inside
+    // of mRegisteredServices so that we know which service is double-counted.
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mNumConnectedServices > mRegisteredServices.size(),
+                        "Invalid state: %zu services have clients, but we only know about %zu",
+                        mNumConnectedServices, mRegisteredServices.size());
+
     ALOGI("Process has %zu (of %zu available) client(s) in use after notification %s has clients: %d",
           mNumConnectedServices, mRegisteredServices.size(),
           String8(service->getInterfaceDescriptor()).string(), clients);
diff --git a/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp b/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
index d0c83d6..0e1af59 100644
--- a/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
+++ b/services/sensorservice/hidl/Android.bp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libhidlbase",
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include/"
     ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["jni_headers"],
     local_include_dirs: [
         "include/sensorservicehidl/"
     ]
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
index f51fbb4..4517eff 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.cpp
@@ -250,7 +250,14 @@
     // pixel format is HDR Y410 masquerading as RGBA_1010102
     return (mCurrentDataSpace == ui::Dataspace::BT2020_ITU_PQ &&
             getDrawingApi() == NATIVE_WINDOW_API_MEDIA &&
-            mActiveBuffer->getPixelFormat() == HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_1010102);
+            getPixelFormat() == HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_1010102);
+}
+
+PixelFormat BufferLayer::getPixelFormat() const {
+    if (!mActiveBuffer) {
+        return PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE;
+    }
+    return mActiveBuffer->format;
 }
 
 void BufferLayer::setPerFrameData(const sp<const DisplayDevice>& displayDevice,
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
index 46a62ed..6828938 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferLayer.h
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@
     virtual Region getDrawingSurfaceDamage() const = 0;
     virtual const HdrMetadata& getDrawingHdrMetadata() const = 0;
     virtual int getDrawingApi() const = 0;
-    virtual PixelFormat getPixelFormat() const = 0;
 
     virtual uint64_t getFrameNumber() const = 0;
 
@@ -191,6 +190,8 @@
     std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Layer> mCompositionLayer;
 
     FloatRect computeSourceBounds(const FloatRect& parentBounds) const override;
+
+    PixelFormat getPixelFormat() const;
 };
 
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
index cbb9d65..dd79d82 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.cpp
@@ -192,10 +192,6 @@
     return mConsumer->getCurrentApi();
 }
 
-PixelFormat BufferQueueLayer::getPixelFormat() const {
-    return mFormat;
-}
-
 uint64_t BufferQueueLayer::getFrameNumber() const {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mQueueItemLock);
     uint64_t frameNumber = mQueueItems[0].mFrameNumber;
@@ -561,8 +557,6 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    mFormat = format;
-
     setDefaultBufferSize(w, h);
     mConsumer->setDefaultBufferFormat(format);
     mConsumer->setConsumerUsageBits(getEffectiveUsage(0));
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.h
index 7def33a..2675643 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferQueueLayer.h
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@
     Region getDrawingSurfaceDamage() const override;
     const HdrMetadata& getDrawingHdrMetadata() const override;
     int getDrawingApi() const override;
-    PixelFormat getPixelFormat() const override;
 
     uint64_t getFrameNumber() const override;
 
@@ -119,8 +118,6 @@
     sp<BufferLayerConsumer> mConsumer;
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> mProducer;
 
-    PixelFormat mFormat{PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE};
-
     // Only accessed on the main thread.
     uint64_t mPreviousFrameNumber{0};
     bool mUpdateTexImageFailed{false};
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
index 63a07c3..de5d622 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.cpp
@@ -449,13 +449,6 @@
     return getDrawingState().api;
 }
 
-PixelFormat BufferStateLayer::getPixelFormat() const {
-    if (!mActiveBuffer) {
-        return PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE;
-    }
-    return mActiveBuffer->format;
-}
-
 uint64_t BufferStateLayer::getFrameNumber() const {
     return mFrameNumber;
 }
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.h b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.h
index 97e24cb..2b52102 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/BufferStateLayer.h
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@
     Region getDrawingSurfaceDamage() const override;
     const HdrMetadata& getDrawingHdrMetadata() const override;
     int getDrawingApi() const override;
-    PixelFormat getPixelFormat() const override;
 
     uint64_t getFrameNumber() const override;
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
index d3381e5..973d20c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/layerproto/LayerProtoParser.cpp
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
     StringAppendF(&result, "isProtected=%1d, ", isProtected);
     StringAppendF(&result, "isOpaque=%1d, invalidate=%1d, ", isOpaque, invalidate);
     StringAppendF(&result, "dataspace=%s, ", dataspace.c_str());
-    StringAppendF(&result, "defaultPixelFormat=%s, ", pixelFormat.c_str());
+    StringAppendF(&result, "pixelFormat=%s, ", pixelFormat.c_str());
     StringAppendF(&result, "color=(%.3f,%.3f,%.3f,%.3f), flags=0x%08x, ",
                   static_cast<double>(color.r), static_cast<double>(color.g),
                   static_cast<double>(color.b), static_cast<double>(color.a), flags);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Transaction_test.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Transaction_test.cpp
index c93e15e..71016db 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Transaction_test.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/tests/Transaction_test.cpp
@@ -356,9 +356,9 @@
 
     virtual sp<SurfaceControl> createLayer(const sp<SurfaceComposerClient>& client,
                                            const char* name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
-                                           uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr) {
-        auto layer =
-                createSurface(client, name, width, height, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, flags, parent);
+                                           uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr,
+                                           PixelFormat format = PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888) {
+        auto layer = createSurface(client, name, width, height, format, flags, parent);
 
         Transaction t;
         t.setLayerStack(layer, mDisplayLayerStack).setLayer(layer, mLayerZBase);
@@ -382,8 +382,9 @@
     }
 
     virtual sp<SurfaceControl> createLayer(const char* name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
-                                           uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr) {
-        return createLayer(mClient, name, width, height, flags, parent);
+                                           uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr,
+                                           PixelFormat format = PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888) {
+        return createLayer(mClient, name, width, height, flags, parent, format);
     }
 
     sp<SurfaceControl> createColorLayer(const char* name, const Color& color,
@@ -644,12 +645,14 @@
     LayerTypeTransactionHarness(uint32_t layerType) : mLayerType(layerType) {}
 
     sp<SurfaceControl> createLayer(const char* name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
-                                   uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr) {
+                                   uint32_t flags = 0, SurfaceControl* parent = nullptr,
+                                   PixelFormat format = PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888) {
         // if the flags already have a layer type specified, return an error
         if (flags & ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceMask) {
             return nullptr;
         }
-        return LayerTransactionTest::createLayer(name, width, height, flags | mLayerType, parent);
+        return LayerTransactionTest::createLayer(name, width, height, flags | mLayerType, parent,
+                                                 format);
     }
 
     void fillLayerColor(const sp<SurfaceControl>& layer, const Color& color, int32_t bufferWidth,
@@ -1946,6 +1949,65 @@
     }
 }
 
+TEST_P(LayerTypeAndRenderTypeTransactionTest, SetBufferFormat) {
+    int32_t width = 100;
+    int32_t height = 100;
+    Rect crop = Rect(0, 0, width, height);
+
+    sp<SurfaceControl> behindLayer = createColorLayer("Behind layer", Color::RED);
+    sp<SurfaceControl> layer;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+            layer = createLayer("test", width, height, 0, nullptr, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBX_8888));
+
+    Transaction()
+            .setLayer(layer, INT32_MAX - 1)
+            .show(layer)
+            .setLayerStack(behindLayer, mDisplayLayerStack)
+            .setCrop_legacy(behindLayer, crop)
+            .setLayer(behindLayer, INT32_MAX - 2)
+            .show(behindLayer)
+            .apply();
+
+    sp<Surface> surface = layer->getSurface();
+
+    sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer =
+            new GraphicBuffer(width, height, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBX_8888, 1,
+                              BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                      BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY,
+                              "test");
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillGraphicBufferColor(buffer, crop, Color::TRANSPARENT));
+
+    if (mLayerType == ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferQueue) {
+        Surface::attachAndQueueBufferWithDataspace(surface.get(), buffer, ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB);
+    } else {
+        Transaction().setBuffer(layer, buffer).apply();
+    }
+
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("Buffer Opaque Format");
+        auto shot = screenshot();
+        shot->expectColor(crop, Color::BLACK);
+    }
+
+    buffer = new GraphicBuffer(width, height, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, 1,
+                               BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                       BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY,
+                               "test");
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillGraphicBufferColor(buffer, crop, Color::TRANSPARENT));
+
+    if (mLayerType == ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferQueue) {
+        Surface::attachAndQueueBufferWithDataspace(surface.get(), buffer, ui::Dataspace::V0_SRGB);
+    } else {
+        Transaction().setBuffer(layer, buffer).apply();
+    }
+
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("Buffer Transparent Format");
+        auto shot = screenshot();
+        shot->expectColor(crop, Color::RED);
+    }
+}
+
 TEST_P(LayerRenderTypeTransactionTest, SetMatrixBasic_BufferQueue) {
     sp<SurfaceControl> layer;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer = createLayer("test", 32, 32));