diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaSessionRecord.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaSessionRecord.java
index 47f6485..9185a00 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaSessionRecord.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaSessionRecord.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server.media;
 
+import static android.media.MediaRoute2Info.PLAYBACK_VOLUME_FIXED;
 import static android.media.VolumeProvider.VOLUME_CONTROL_ABSOLUTE;
 import static android.media.VolumeProvider.VOLUME_CONTROL_FIXED;
 import static android.media.VolumeProvider.VOLUME_CONTROL_RELATIVE;
@@ -44,7 +45,9 @@
 import android.media.AudioManager;
 import android.media.AudioSystem;
 import android.media.MediaMetadata;
+import android.media.MediaRouter2Manager;
 import android.media.Rating;
+import android.media.RoutingSessionInfo;
 import android.media.VolumeProvider;
 import android.media.session.ISession;
 import android.media.session.ISessionCallback;
@@ -510,7 +513,33 @@
 
     @Override
     public boolean canHandleVolumeKey() {
-        return mVolumeControlType != VOLUME_CONTROL_FIXED;
+        if (isPlaybackTypeLocal()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (mVolumeControlType == VOLUME_CONTROL_FIXED) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (mVolumeAdjustmentForRemoteGroupSessions) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        // See b/228021646 for details.
+        MediaRouter2Manager mRouter2Manager = MediaRouter2Manager.getInstance(mContext);
+        List<RoutingSessionInfo> sessions = mRouter2Manager.getRoutingSessions(mPackageName);
+        boolean foundNonSystemSession = false;
+        boolean remoteSessionAllowVolumeAdjustment = true;
+        for (RoutingSessionInfo session : sessions) {
+            if (!session.isSystemSession()) {
+                foundNonSystemSession = true;
+                if (session.getVolumeHandling() == PLAYBACK_VOLUME_FIXED) {
+                    remoteSessionAllowVolumeAdjustment = false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!foundNonSystemSession) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Package " + mPackageName
+                    + " has a remote media session but no associated routing session");
+        }
+        return foundNonSystemSession && remoteSessionAllowVolumeAdjustment;
     }
 
     @Override