diff --git a/core/java/android/os/Handler.java b/core/java/android/os/Handler.java
index bd81fb9..80f39bf 100644
--- a/core/java/android/os/Handler.java
+++ b/core/java/android/os/Handler.java
@@ -798,6 +798,12 @@
     /**
      * Remove any pending posts of messages with code 'what' that are in the
      * message queue.
+     *
+     * Note that `Message#what` is 0 unless otherwise set.
+     * When calling `postMessage(Runnable)` or `postAtTime(Runnable, long)`,
+     * the `Runnable` is internally wrapped with a `Message` whose `what` is 0.
+     * Calling `removeMessages(0)` will remove all messages without a `what`,
+     * including posted `Runnable`s.
      */
     public final void removeMessages(int what) {
         mQueue.removeMessages(this, what, null);
diff --git a/core/java/android/os/Message.java b/core/java/android/os/Message.java
index a1db9be..702fdc2 100644
--- a/core/java/android/os/Message.java
+++ b/core/java/android/os/Message.java
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
      * what this message is about. Each {@link Handler} has its own name-space
      * for message codes, so you do not need to worry about yours conflicting
      * with other handlers.
+     *
+     * If not specified, this value is 0.
+     * Use values other than 0 to indicate custom message codes.
      */
     public int what;
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/util/Half.java b/core/java/android/util/Half.java
index fe536a6..22583ac 100644
--- a/core/java/android/util/Half.java
+++ b/core/java/android/util/Half.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.annotation.HalfFloat;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass;
 
 import libcore.util.FP16;
 
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@
  * <p>This table shows that numbers higher than 1024 lose all fractional precision.</p>
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("SimplifiableIfStatement")
+@RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
 public final class Half extends Number implements Comparable<Half> {
     /**
      * The number of bits used to represent a half-precision float value.
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIcon.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIcon.java
index f8a1436..1938cdb 100644
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIcon.java
+++ b/core/java/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIcon.java
@@ -51,6 +51,19 @@
         ResourceIcon
     }
 
+    public enum Shape {
+        /**
+         * Icon view should use WRAP_CONTENT -- so that the horizontal space occupied depends on the
+         * icon's shape (skinny/fat icons take less/more). Most icons will want to use this option
+         * for a nicer-looking overall spacing in the status bar, as long as the icon is "known"
+         * (i.e. not coming from a 3P package).
+         */
+        WRAP_CONTENT,
+
+        /** Icon should always be displayed in a space as wide as the status bar is tall. */
+        FIXED_SPACE,
+    }
+
     public UserHandle user;
     public String pkg;
     public Icon icon;
@@ -59,6 +72,7 @@
     public int number;
     public CharSequence contentDescription;
     public Type type;
+    public Shape shape;
 
     /**
      * Optional {@link Drawable} corresponding to {@link #icon}. This field is not parcelable, so
@@ -68,7 +82,7 @@
     @Nullable public Drawable preloadedIcon;
 
     public StatusBarIcon(UserHandle user, String resPackage, Icon icon, int iconLevel, int number,
-            CharSequence contentDescription, Type type) {
+            CharSequence contentDescription, Type type, Shape shape) {
         if (icon.getType() == Icon.TYPE_RESOURCE
                 && TextUtils.isEmpty(icon.getResPackage())) {
             // This is an odd situation where someone's managed to hand us an icon without a
@@ -83,6 +97,13 @@
         this.number = number;
         this.contentDescription = contentDescription;
         this.type = type;
+        this.shape = shape;
+    }
+
+    public StatusBarIcon(UserHandle user, String resPackage, Icon icon, int iconLevel, int number,
+            CharSequence contentDescription, Type type) {
+        this(user, resPackage, icon, iconLevel, number, contentDescription, type,
+                Shape.WRAP_CONTENT);
     }
 
     public StatusBarIcon(String iconPackage, UserHandle user,
@@ -107,7 +128,7 @@
     @Override
     public StatusBarIcon clone() {
         StatusBarIcon that = new StatusBarIcon(this.user, this.pkg, this.icon,
-                this.iconLevel, this.number, this.contentDescription, this.type);
+                this.iconLevel, this.number, this.contentDescription, this.type, this.shape);
         that.visible = this.visible;
         that.preloadedIcon = this.preloadedIcon;
         return that;
@@ -129,6 +150,7 @@
         this.number = in.readInt();
         this.contentDescription = in.readCharSequence();
         this.type = Type.valueOf(in.readString());
+        this.shape = Shape.valueOf(in.readString());
     }
 
     public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
@@ -140,6 +162,7 @@
         out.writeInt(this.number);
         out.writeCharSequence(this.contentDescription);
         out.writeString(this.type.name());
+        out.writeString(this.shape.name());
     }
 
     public int describeContents() {
diff --git a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIconTest.java b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIconTest.java
index b183ecb..149e132 100644
--- a/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIconTest.java
+++ b/core/tests/coretests/src/com/android/internal/statusbar/StatusBarIconTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 import android.graphics.Color;
 import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
+import android.graphics.drawable.Icon;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 
@@ -69,22 +70,22 @@
         assertThat(copy.preloadedIcon).isEqualTo(original.preloadedIcon);
     }
 
-
     private static StatusBarIcon newStatusBarIcon() {
         final UserHandle dummyUserHandle = UserHandle.of(100);
         final String dummyIconPackageName = "com.android.internal.statusbar.test";
-        final int dummyIconId = 123;
+        final Icon dummyIcon = Icon.createWithResource(dummyIconPackageName, 123);
         final int dummyIconLevel = 1;
         final int dummyIconNumber = 2;
         final CharSequence dummyIconContentDescription = "dummyIcon";
         return new StatusBarIcon(
-                dummyIconPackageName,
                 dummyUserHandle,
-                dummyIconId,
+                dummyIconPackageName,
+                dummyIcon,
                 dummyIconLevel,
                 dummyIconNumber,
                 dummyIconContentDescription,
-                StatusBarIcon.Type.SystemIcon);
+                StatusBarIcon.Type.SystemIcon,
+                StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE);
     }
 
     private static void assertSerializableFieldsEqual(StatusBarIcon copy, StatusBarIcon original) {
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
         assertThat(copy.number).isEqualTo(original.number);
         assertThat(copy.contentDescription).isEqualTo(original.contentDescription);
         assertThat(copy.type).isEqualTo(original.type);
+        assertThat(copy.shape).isEqualTo(original.shape);
     }
 
     private static StatusBarIcon parcelAndUnparcel(StatusBarIcon original) {
diff --git a/graphics/java/android/graphics/Matrix44.java b/graphics/java/android/graphics/Matrix44.java
index a99e201..683f614 100644
--- a/graphics/java/android/graphics/Matrix44.java
+++ b/graphics/java/android/graphics/Matrix44.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.annotation.FlaggedApi;
 import android.annotation.IntRange;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass;
 
 import com.android.graphics.hwui.flags.Flags;
 
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@
  * in row-major order. The values and operations are treated as column vectors.
  */
 @FlaggedApi(Flags.FLAG_MATRIX_44)
+@RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
 public class Matrix44 {
     final float[] mBackingArray;
     /**
diff --git a/graphics/java/android/graphics/Outline.java b/graphics/java/android/graphics/Outline.java
index 618e6dc..c7b8941 100644
--- a/graphics/java/android/graphics/Outline.java
+++ b/graphics/java/android/graphics/Outline.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
+import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass;
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
  * @see android.view.View#setOutlineProvider(android.view.ViewOutlineProvider)
  * @see Drawable#getOutline(Outline)
  */
+@RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
 public final class Outline {
     private static final float RADIUS_UNDEFINED = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
 
diff --git a/graphics/java/android/graphics/ParcelableColorSpace.java b/graphics/java/android/graphics/ParcelableColorSpace.java
index 748d66c..76c17154 100644
--- a/graphics/java/android/graphics/ParcelableColorSpace.java
+++ b/graphics/java/android/graphics/ParcelableColorSpace.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass;
 
 /**
  * A {@link Parcelable} wrapper for a {@link ColorSpace}. In order to enable parceling, the
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@
  * {@link ColorSpace.Rgb} instance that has an ICC parametric transfer function as returned by
  * {@link ColorSpace.Rgb#getTransferParameters()}.
  */
+@RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
 public final class ParcelableColorSpace implements Parcelable {
     private final ColorSpace mColorSpace;
 
diff --git a/graphics/java/android/graphics/PixelFormat.java b/graphics/java/android/graphics/PixelFormat.java
index 3ec5b9c..a872e03 100644
--- a/graphics/java/android/graphics/PixelFormat.java
+++ b/graphics/java/android/graphics/PixelFormat.java
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@
 package android.graphics;
 
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass;
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 
+@RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
 public class PixelFormat {
     /** @hide */
     @IntDef({UNKNOWN, TRANSLUCENT, TRANSPARENT, OPAQUE})
diff --git a/packages/SettingsLib/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoader.java b/packages/SettingsLib/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoader.java
index fe0f98a..43c6c50 100644
--- a/packages/SettingsLib/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoader.java
+++ b/packages/SettingsLib/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoader.java
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
-import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
 
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FluentFuture;
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
@@ -53,25 +52,22 @@
     private final LruCache<ZenIcon.Key, Drawable> mCache;
     private final ListeningExecutorService mBackgroundExecutor;
 
+    /** Obtains the singleton {@link ZenIconLoader}. */
     public static ZenIconLoader getInstance() {
         if (sInstance == null) {
-            sInstance = new ZenIconLoader();
+            sInstance = new ZenIconLoader(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4));
         }
         return sInstance;
     }
 
-    /** Replaces the singleton instance of {@link ZenIconLoader} by the provided one. */
-    @VisibleForTesting(otherwise = VisibleForTesting.NONE)
-    public static void setInstance(@Nullable ZenIconLoader instance) {
-        sInstance = instance;
-    }
-
-    private ZenIconLoader() {
-        this(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4));
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    public ZenIconLoader(ExecutorService backgroundExecutor) {
+    /**
+     * Constructs a ZenIconLoader with the specified {@code backgroundExecutor}.
+     *
+     * <p>ZenIconLoader <em>should be a singleton</em>, so this should only be used to instantiate
+     * and provide the singleton instance in a module. If the app doesn't support dependency
+     * injection, use {@link #getInstance} instead.
+     */
+    public ZenIconLoader(@NonNull ExecutorService backgroundExecutor) {
         mCache = new LruCache<>(50);
         mBackgroundExecutor =
                 MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(backgroundExecutor);
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewControllerTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewControllerTest.kt
index 7707a60..fe9105e 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewControllerTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewControllerTest.kt
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import com.android.internal.widget.LockPatternUtils
 import com.android.internal.widget.LockscreenCredential
 import com.android.keyguard.domain.interactor.KeyguardKeyboardInteractor
+import com.android.systemui.Flags as AconfigFlags
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
 import com.android.systemui.classifier.FalsingCollector
 import com.android.systemui.flags.FakeFeatureFlags
@@ -56,7 +57,6 @@
 import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
 import org.mockito.Mockito.`when`
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations
-import com.android.systemui.Flags as AconfigFlags
 
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
@@ -66,8 +66,7 @@
 class KeyguardPasswordViewControllerTest : SysuiTestCase() {
     @Mock private lateinit var keyguardPasswordView: KeyguardPasswordView
     @Mock private lateinit var passwordEntry: EditText
-    private var passwordEntryLayoutParams =
-        ViewGroup.LayoutParams(/* width = */ 0, /* height = */ 0)
+    private var passwordEntryLayoutParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(/* width= */ 0, /* height= */ 0)
     @Mock lateinit var keyguardUpdateMonitor: KeyguardUpdateMonitor
     @Mock lateinit var securityMode: KeyguardSecurityModel.SecurityMode
     @Mock lateinit var lockPatternUtils: LockPatternUtils
@@ -106,6 +105,8 @@
         whenever(keyguardPasswordView.findViewById<ImageView>(R.id.switch_ime_button))
             .thenReturn(mock(ImageView::class.java))
         `when`(keyguardPasswordView.resources).thenReturn(context.resources)
+        // TODO(b/362362385): No need to mock keyguardPasswordView.context once this bug is fixed.
+        `when`(keyguardPasswordView.context).thenReturn(context)
         whenever(passwordEntry.layoutParams).thenReturn(passwordEntryLayoutParams)
         val keyguardKeyboardInteractor = KeyguardKeyboardInteractor(FakeKeyboardRepository())
         val fakeFeatureFlags = FakeFeatureFlags()
@@ -187,9 +188,11 @@
         verify(passwordEntry).setOnKeyListener(keyListenerArgumentCaptor.capture())
 
         val eventHandled =
-            keyListenerArgumentCaptor.value.onKey(keyguardPasswordView,
+            keyListenerArgumentCaptor.value.onKey(
+                keyguardPasswordView,
                 KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE,
-                KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE))
+                KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE)
+            )
 
         assertFalse("Unlock attempted.", eventHandled)
     }
@@ -204,9 +207,11 @@
         verify(passwordEntry).setOnKeyListener(keyListenerArgumentCaptor.capture())
 
         val eventHandled =
-            keyListenerArgumentCaptor.value.onKey(keyguardPasswordView,
+            keyListenerArgumentCaptor.value.onKey(
+                keyguardPasswordView,
                 KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER,
-                KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER))
+                KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER)
+            )
 
         assertTrue("Unlock not attempted.", eventHandled)
     }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractorTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractorTest.kt
index 5925819..5fd3a24 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractorTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractorTest.kt
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@
 import android.platform.test.annotations.EnableFlags
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
-import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIconLoader
+import com.android.internal.R
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
 import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
+import com.android.systemui.coroutines.collectLastValue
 import com.android.systemui.coroutines.collectValues
 import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testDispatcher
 import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testScope
@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor.zenModeInteractor
 import com.android.systemui.testKosmos
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors
 import kotlinx.coroutines.ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.flowOf
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toCollection
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
         context.orCreateTestableResources.apply {
-            addOverride(com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_bedtime, BEDTIME_DRAWABLE)
-            addOverride(com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_driving, DRIVING_DRAWABLE)
+            addOverride(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID, MODES_DRAWABLE)
+            addOverride(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_bedtime, BEDTIME_DRAWABLE)
+            addOverride(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_driving, DRIVING_DRAWABLE)
         }
-        ZenIconLoader.setInstance(ZenIconLoader(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService()))
     }
 
     @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI)
@@ -128,28 +128,34 @@
 
     @Test
     @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
-    fun changesIconWhenActiveModesChange() =
+    fun tileData_iconsFlagEnabled_changesIconWhenActiveModesChange() =
         testScope.runTest {
-            val dataList: List<ModesTileModel> by
-                collectValues(
+            val tileData by
+                collectLastValue(
                     underTest.tileData(TEST_USER, flowOf(DataUpdateTrigger.InitialRequest))
                 )
-            runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon }).containsExactly(null).inOrder()
 
-            // Add an inactive mode: state hasn't changed, so this shouldn't cause another emission
+            // Tile starts with the generic Modes icon.
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
+
+            // Add an inactive mode -> Still modes icon
             zenModeRepository.addMode(id = "Mode", active = false)
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon }).containsExactly(null).inOrder()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
 
-            // Add an active mode: icon should be the mode icon
+            // Add an active mode: icon should be the mode icon. No iconResId, because we don't
+            // really know that it's a system icon.
             zenModeRepository.addMode(
                 id = "Bedtime",
                 type = AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_BEDTIME,
                 active = true
             )
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon }).containsExactly(null, BEDTIME_ICON).inOrder()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(BEDTIME_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isNull()
 
             // Add another, less-prioritized mode: icon should remain the first mode icon
             zenModeRepository.addMode(
@@ -158,29 +164,58 @@
                 active = true
             )
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon })
-                .containsExactly(null, BEDTIME_ICON, BEDTIME_ICON)
-                .inOrder()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(BEDTIME_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isNull()
 
-            // Deactivate more important mode: icon should be the less important, still active mode.
+            // Deactivate more important mode: icon should be the less important, still active mode
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Bedtime")
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon })
-                .containsExactly(null, BEDTIME_ICON, BEDTIME_ICON, DRIVING_ICON)
-                .inOrder()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(DRIVING_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isNull()
 
-            // Deactivate remaining mode: no icon
+            // Deactivate remaining mode: back to the default modes icon
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Driving")
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(dataList.map { it.icon })
-                .containsExactly(null, BEDTIME_ICON, BEDTIME_ICON, DRIVING_ICON, null)
-                .inOrder()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI)
+    @DisableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    fun tileData_iconsFlagDisabled_hasPriorityModesIcon() =
+        testScope.runTest {
+            val tileData by
+                collectLastValue(
+                    underTest.tileData(TEST_USER, flowOf(DataUpdateTrigger.InitialRequest))
+                )
+
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
+
+            // Activate a Mode -> Icon doesn't change.
+            zenModeRepository.addMode(id = "Mode", active = true)
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
+
+            zenModeRepository.deactivateMode(id = "Mode")
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(tileData?.icon).isEqualTo(MODES_ICON)
+            assertThat(tileData?.iconResId).isEqualTo(MODES_DRAWABLE_ID)
         }
 
     private companion object {
         val TEST_USER = UserHandle.of(1)!!
+
+        val MODES_DRAWABLE_ID = com.android.systemui.res.R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_off
+
+        val MODES_DRAWABLE = TestStubDrawable("modes_icon")
         val BEDTIME_DRAWABLE = TestStubDrawable("bedtime")
         val DRIVING_DRAWABLE = TestStubDrawable("driving")
+
+        val MODES_ICON = MODES_DRAWABLE.asIcon()
         val BEDTIME_ICON = BEDTIME_DRAWABLE.asIcon()
         val DRIVING_ICON = DRIVING_DRAWABLE.asIcon()
     }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileUserActionInteractorTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileUserActionInteractorTest.kt
index 4b75649..cd58127 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileUserActionInteractorTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileUserActionInteractorTest.kt
@@ -16,12 +16,14 @@
 
 package com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.impl.modes.domain.interactor
 
+import android.graphics.drawable.TestStubDrawable
 import android.platform.test.annotations.EnableFlags
 import android.provider.Settings
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
 import com.android.systemui.animation.Expandable
+import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.actions.QSTileIntentUserInputHandlerSubject
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.actions.qsTileIntentUserInputHandler
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.interactor.QSTileInputTestKtx
@@ -54,10 +56,7 @@
     fun handleClick_active() = runTest {
         val expandable = mock<Expandable>()
         underTest.handleInput(
-            QSTileInputTestKtx.click(
-                data = ModesTileModel(true, listOf("DND")),
-                expandable = expandable
-            )
+            QSTileInputTestKtx.click(data = modelOf(true, listOf("DND")), expandable = expandable)
         )
 
         verify(mockDialogDelegate).showDialog(eq(expandable))
@@ -67,10 +66,7 @@
     fun handleClick_inactive() = runTest {
         val expandable = mock<Expandable>()
         underTest.handleInput(
-            QSTileInputTestKtx.click(
-                data = ModesTileModel(false, emptyList()),
-                expandable = expandable
-            )
+            QSTileInputTestKtx.click(data = modelOf(false, emptyList()), expandable = expandable)
         )
 
         verify(mockDialogDelegate).showDialog(eq(expandable))
@@ -78,7 +74,7 @@
 
     @Test
     fun handleLongClick_active() = runTest {
-        underTest.handleInput(QSTileInputTestKtx.longClick(ModesTileModel(true, listOf("DND"))))
+        underTest.handleInput(QSTileInputTestKtx.longClick(modelOf(true, listOf("DND"))))
 
         QSTileIntentUserInputHandlerSubject.assertThat(inputHandler).handledOneIntentInput {
             assertThat(it.intent.action).isEqualTo(Settings.ACTION_ZEN_MODE_SETTINGS)
@@ -87,10 +83,14 @@
 
     @Test
     fun handleLongClick_inactive() = runTest {
-        underTest.handleInput(QSTileInputTestKtx.longClick(ModesTileModel(false, emptyList())))
+        underTest.handleInput(QSTileInputTestKtx.longClick(modelOf(false, emptyList())))
 
         QSTileIntentUserInputHandlerSubject.assertThat(inputHandler).handledOneIntentInput {
             assertThat(it.intent.action).isEqualTo(Settings.ACTION_ZEN_MODE_SETTINGS)
         }
     }
+
+    private fun modelOf(isActivated: Boolean, activeModeNames: List<String>): ModesTileModel {
+        return ModesTileModel(isActivated, activeModeNames, TestStubDrawable("icon").asIcon(), 123)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapperTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapperTest.kt
index a41f15d..f7bdcb8 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapperTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapperTest.kt
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 
 import android.app.Flags
 import android.graphics.drawable.TestStubDrawable
+import android.platform.test.annotations.DisableFlags
 import android.platform.test.annotations.EnableFlags
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
-import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.Icon
+import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.impl.modes.domain.model.ModesTileModel
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.viewmodel.QSTileConfigTestBuilder
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.viewmodel.QSTileState
@@ -58,47 +59,88 @@
 
     @Test
     fun inactiveState() {
-        val model = ModesTileModel(isActivated = false, activeModes = emptyList())
+        val icon = TestStubDrawable("res123").asIcon()
+        val model =
+            ModesTileModel(
+                isActivated = false,
+                activeModes = emptyList(),
+                icon = icon,
+            )
 
         val state = underTest.map(config, model)
 
         assertThat(state.activationState).isEqualTo(QSTileState.ActivationState.INACTIVE)
-        assertThat(state.iconRes).isEqualTo(R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_off)
+        assertThat(state.icon()).isEqualTo(icon)
         assertThat(state.secondaryLabel).isEqualTo("No active modes")
     }
 
     @Test
     fun activeState_oneMode() {
-        val model = ModesTileModel(isActivated = true, activeModes = listOf("DND"))
+        val icon = TestStubDrawable("res123").asIcon()
+        val model =
+            ModesTileModel(
+                isActivated = true,
+                activeModes = listOf("DND"),
+                icon = icon,
+            )
 
         val state = underTest.map(config, model)
 
         assertThat(state.activationState).isEqualTo(QSTileState.ActivationState.ACTIVE)
-        assertThat(state.iconRes).isEqualTo(R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_on)
+        assertThat(state.icon()).isEqualTo(icon)
         assertThat(state.secondaryLabel).isEqualTo("DND is active")
     }
 
     @Test
     fun activeState_multipleModes() {
+        val icon = TestStubDrawable("res123").asIcon()
         val model =
-            ModesTileModel(isActivated = true, activeModes = listOf("Mode 1", "Mode 2", "Mode 3"))
+            ModesTileModel(
+                isActivated = true,
+                activeModes = listOf("Mode 1", "Mode 2", "Mode 3"),
+                icon = icon,
+            )
 
         val state = underTest.map(config, model)
 
         assertThat(state.activationState).isEqualTo(QSTileState.ActivationState.ACTIVE)
-        assertThat(state.iconRes).isEqualTo(R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_on)
+        assertThat(state.icon()).isEqualTo(icon)
         assertThat(state.secondaryLabel).isEqualTo("3 modes are active")
     }
 
     @Test
     @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
-    fun activeState_withIcon() {
-        val icon = Icon.Resource(1234, contentDescription = null)
-        val model = ModesTileModel(isActivated = true, activeModes = listOf("DND"), icon = icon)
+    fun state_withEnabledFlag_noIconResId() {
+        val icon = TestStubDrawable("res123").asIcon()
+        val model =
+            ModesTileModel(
+                isActivated = false,
+                activeModes = emptyList(),
+                icon = icon,
+                iconResId = 123 // Should not be populated, but is ignored even if present
+            )
 
         val state = underTest.map(config, model)
 
-        assertThat(state.iconRes).isNull()
         assertThat(state.icon()).isEqualTo(icon)
+        assertThat(state.iconRes).isNull()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    fun state_withDisabledFlag_includesIconResId() {
+        val icon = TestStubDrawable("res123").asIcon()
+        val model =
+            ModesTileModel(
+                isActivated = false,
+                activeModes = emptyList(),
+                icon = icon,
+                iconResId = 123
+            )
+
+        val state = underTest.map(config, model)
+
+        assertThat(state.icon()).isEqualTo(icon)
+        assertThat(state.iconRes).isEqualTo(123)
     }
 }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorTest.kt
index 20d3a7b..639d34d 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorTest.kt
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 import android.provider.Settings.Secure.ZEN_DURATION
 import android.provider.Settings.Secure.ZEN_DURATION_FOREVER
 import android.provider.Settings.Secure.ZEN_DURATION_PROMPT
+import android.service.notification.SystemZenRules
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.internal.R
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.data.repository.updateNotificationPolicy
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.TestModeBuilder
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
@@ -220,30 +222,86 @@
         }
 
     @Test
-    fun mainActiveMode_returnsMainActiveMode() =
+    fun activeModes_computesMainActiveMode() =
         testScope.runTest {
-            val mainActiveMode by collectLastValue(underTest.mainActiveMode)
+            val activeModes by collectLastValue(underTest.activeModes)
 
             zenModeRepository.addMode(id = "Bedtime", type = AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_BEDTIME)
             zenModeRepository.addMode(id = "Other", type = AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_OTHER)
 
             runCurrent()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.modeNames).hasSize(0)
+            assertThat(activeModes?.mainMode).isNull()
+
+            zenModeRepository.activateMode("Other")
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.modeNames).containsExactly("Mode Other")
+            assertThat(activeModes?.mainMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Other")
+
+            zenModeRepository.activateMode("Bedtime")
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.modeNames)
+                .containsExactly("Mode Bedtime", "Mode Other")
+                .inOrder()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.mainMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Bedtime")
+
+            zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Other")
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.modeNames).containsExactly("Mode Bedtime")
+            assertThat(activeModes?.mainMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Bedtime")
+
+            zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Bedtime")
+            runCurrent()
+            assertThat(activeModes?.modeNames).hasSize(0)
+            assertThat(activeModes?.mainMode).isNull()
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun mainActiveMode_flows() =
+        testScope.runTest {
+            val mainActiveMode by collectLastValue(underTest.mainActiveMode)
+
+            zenModeRepository.addModes(
+                listOf(
+                    TestModeBuilder()
+                        .setId("Bedtime")
+                        .setName("Mode Bedtime")
+                        .setType(AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_BEDTIME)
+                        .setActive(false)
+                        .setPackage(mContext.packageName)
+                        .setIconResId(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_bedtime)
+                        .build(),
+                    TestModeBuilder()
+                        .setId("Other")
+                        .setName("Mode Other")
+                        .setType(AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_OTHER)
+                        .setActive(false)
+                        .setPackage(SystemZenRules.PACKAGE_ANDROID)
+                        .setIconResId(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_other)
+                        .build(),
+                )
+            )
+
+            runCurrent()
             assertThat(mainActiveMode).isNull()
 
             zenModeRepository.activateMode("Other")
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode).isNotNull()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode!!.id).isEqualTo("Other")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Other")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.icon?.key?.resId)
+                .isEqualTo(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_other)
 
             zenModeRepository.activateMode("Bedtime")
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode).isNotNull()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode!!.id).isEqualTo("Bedtime")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Bedtime")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.icon?.key?.resId)
+                .isEqualTo(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_bedtime)
 
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Other")
             runCurrent()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode).isNotNull()
-            assertThat(mainActiveMode!!.id).isEqualTo("Bedtime")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.name).isEqualTo("Mode Bedtime")
+            assertThat(mainActiveMode?.icon?.key?.resId)
+                .isEqualTo(R.drawable.ic_zen_mode_type_bedtime)
 
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("Bedtime")
             runCurrent()
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModelTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModelTest.kt
index 33f379d..d2bc54e0 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModelTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/multivalentTests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModelTest.kt
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.TestModeBuilder
-import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIconLoader
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
 import com.android.systemui.coroutines.collectLastValue
@@ -35,12 +34,10 @@
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.ui.dialog.mockModesDialogEventLogger
 import com.android.systemui.testKosmos
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
-import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors
 import kotlinx.coroutines.ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runCurrent
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
-import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 import org.mockito.Mockito.clearInvocations
@@ -67,11 +64,6 @@
             mockDialogEventLogger
         )
 
-    @Before
-    fun setUp() {
-        ZenIconLoader.setInstance(ZenIconLoader(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService()))
-    }
-
     @Test
     fun tiles_filtersOutUserDisabledModes() =
         testScope.runTest {
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewController.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewController.java
index 490ad5c..3ad73bc 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewController.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/keyguard/KeyguardPasswordViewController.java
@@ -19,9 +19,12 @@
 import static com.android.systemui.flags.Flags.LOCKSCREEN_ENABLE_LANDSCAPE;
 import static com.android.systemui.util.kotlin.JavaAdapterKt.collectFlow;
 
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.text.Editable;
 import android.text.InputType;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
@@ -170,8 +173,33 @@
         mPasswordEntry.setOnEditorActionListener(mOnEditorActionListener);
         mPasswordEntry.setOnKeyListener(mKeyListener);
         mPasswordEntry.addTextChangedListener(mTextWatcher);
+
         // Poke the wakelock any time the text is selected or modified
-        mPasswordEntry.setOnClickListener(v -> mKeyguardSecurityCallback.userActivity());
+        // TODO(b/362362385): Revert to the previous onClickListener implementation once this bug is
+        //  fixed.
+        mPasswordEntry.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
+
+            private final boolean mAutomotiveAndVisibleBackgroundUsers =
+                    isAutomotiveAndVisibleBackgroundUsers();
+
+            @Override
+            public void onClick(View v) {
+                if (mAutomotiveAndVisibleBackgroundUsers) {
+                    mInputMethodManager.restartInput(v);
+                }
+                mKeyguardSecurityCallback.userActivity();
+            }
+
+            private boolean isAutomotiveAndVisibleBackgroundUsers() {
+                final Context context = getContext();
+                return context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(
+                        PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE)
+                        && UserManager.isVisibleBackgroundUsersEnabled()
+                        && context.getResources().getBoolean(
+                        android.R.bool.config_perDisplayFocusEnabled);
+            }
+        });
+
         mSwitchImeButton.setOnClickListener(v -> {
             mKeyguardSecurityCallback.userActivity(); // Leave the screen on a bit longer
             // Do not show auxiliary subtypes in password lock screen.
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/common/shared/model/Icon.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/common/shared/model/Icon.kt
index 3cdb573..aef5f1f 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/common/shared/model/Icon.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/common/shared/model/Icon.kt
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
 }
 
 /** Creates [Icon.Loaded] for a given drawable with an optional [contentDescription]. */
-fun Drawable.asIcon(contentDescription: ContentDescription? = null): Icon =
+fun Drawable.asIcon(contentDescription: ContentDescription? = null): Icon.Loaded =
     Icon.Loaded(this, contentDescription)
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractor.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractor.kt
index 3f18fc2..664951d 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractor.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/interactor/ModesTileDataInteractor.kt
@@ -20,10 +20,12 @@
 import android.content.Context
 import android.os.UserHandle
 import com.android.app.tracing.coroutines.flow.map
+import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.Background
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.interactor.DataUpdateTrigger
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.interactor.QSTileDataInteractor
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.impl.modes.domain.model.ModesTileModel
+import com.android.systemui.res.R
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor.ZenModeInteractor
 import javax.inject.Inject
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
@@ -52,18 +54,32 @@
      */
     fun tileData() =
         zenModeInteractor.activeModes
-            .map { modes ->
-                ModesTileModel(
-                    isActivated = modes.isNotEmpty(),
-                    icon =
-                        if (Flags.modesApi() && Flags.modesUi() && Flags.modesUiIcons())
-                            zenModeInteractor.getActiveModeIcon(modes)
-                        else null,
-                    activeModes = modes.map { it.name }
-                )
+            .map { activeModes ->
+                val modesIconResId = R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_off
+
+                if (usesModeIcons()) {
+                    val mainModeDrawable = activeModes.mainMode?.icon?.drawable
+                    val iconResId = if (mainModeDrawable == null) modesIconResId else null
+
+                    ModesTileModel(
+                        isActivated = activeModes.isAnyActive(),
+                        icon = (mainModeDrawable ?: context.getDrawable(modesIconResId)!!).asIcon(),
+                        iconResId = iconResId,
+                        activeModes = activeModes.modeNames
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    ModesTileModel(
+                        isActivated = activeModes.isAnyActive(),
+                        icon = context.getDrawable(modesIconResId)!!.asIcon(),
+                        iconResId = modesIconResId,
+                        activeModes = activeModes.modeNames
+                    )
+                }
             }
             .flowOn(bgDispatcher)
             .distinctUntilChanged()
 
     override fun availability(user: UserHandle): Flow<Boolean> = flowOf(Flags.modesUi())
+
+    private fun usesModeIcons() = Flags.modesApi() && Flags.modesUi() && Flags.modesUiIcons()
 }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/model/ModesTileModel.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/model/ModesTileModel.kt
index 904ff3a..db48123 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/model/ModesTileModel.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/domain/model/ModesTileModel.kt
@@ -21,5 +21,12 @@
 data class ModesTileModel(
     val isActivated: Boolean,
     val activeModes: List<String>,
-    val icon: Icon? = null
+    val icon: Icon.Loaded,
+
+    /**
+     * Resource id corresponding to [icon]. Will only be present if it's know to correspond to a
+     * resource with a known id in SystemUI (such as resources from `android.R`,
+     * `com.android.internal.R`, or `com.android.systemui.res` itself).
+     */
+    val iconResId: Int? = null
 )
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapper.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapper.kt
index 83c3335..7f571b1 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapper.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/impl/modes/ui/ModesTileMapper.kt
@@ -16,11 +16,9 @@
 
 package com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.impl.modes.ui
 
-import android.app.Flags
 import android.content.res.Resources
 import android.icu.text.MessageFormat
 import android.widget.Button
-import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.Main
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.base.interactor.QSTileDataToStateMapper
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.impl.modes.domain.model.ModesTileModel
@@ -38,15 +36,10 @@
 ) : QSTileDataToStateMapper<ModesTileModel> {
     override fun map(config: QSTileConfig, data: ModesTileModel): QSTileState =
         QSTileState.build(resources, theme, config.uiConfig) {
-            if (Flags.modesApi() && Flags.modesUi() && Flags.modesUiIcons() && data.icon != null) {
-                icon = { data.icon }
-            } else {
-                val iconRes =
-                    if (data.isActivated) R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_on else R.drawable.qs_dnd_icon_off
-                val icon = resources.getDrawable(iconRes, theme).asIcon()
-                this.iconRes = iconRes
-                this.icon = { icon }
+            if (!android.app.Flags.modesUiIcons()) {
+                iconRes = data.iconResId
             }
+            icon = { data.icon }
             activationState =
                 if (data.isActivated) {
                     QSTileState.ActivationState.ACTIVE
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/StatusBarIconView.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/StatusBarIconView.java
index 6eadd26..2b44c2f 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/StatusBarIconView.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/StatusBarIconView.java
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
 import com.android.app.animation.Interpolators;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon;
+import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon.Shape;
 import com.android.internal.util.ContrastColorUtil;
 import com.android.systemui.Flags;
 import com.android.systemui.res.R;
@@ -211,16 +212,19 @@
     /** Should always be preceded by {@link #reloadDimens()} */
     @VisibleForTesting
     public void maybeUpdateIconScaleDimens() {
-        // We do not resize and scale system icons (on the right), only notification icons (on the
-        // left).
-        if (isNotification()) {
-            updateIconScaleForNotifications();
+        // We scale notification icons (on the left) plus icons on the right that explicitly
+        // want FIXED_SPACE.
+        boolean useNonSystemIconScaling = isNotification()
+                || (usesModeIcons() && mIcon != null && mIcon.shape == Shape.FIXED_SPACE);
+
+        if (useNonSystemIconScaling) {
+            updateIconScaleForNonSystemIcons();
         } else {
             updateIconScaleForSystemIcons();
         }
     }
 
-    private void updateIconScaleForNotifications() {
+    private void updateIconScaleForNonSystemIcons() {
         float iconScale;
         // we need to scale the image size to be same as the original size
         // (fit mOriginalStatusBarIconSize), then we can scale it with mScaleToFitNewIconSize
@@ -411,7 +415,9 @@
         if (!levelEquals) {
             setImageLevel(icon.iconLevel);
         }
-
+        if (usesModeIcons()) {
+            setScaleType(icon.shape == Shape.FIXED_SPACE ? ScaleType.FIT_CENTER : ScaleType.CENTER);
+        }
         if (!visibilityEquals) {
             setVisibility(icon.visible && !mBlocked ? VISIBLE : GONE);
         }
@@ -501,7 +507,12 @@
     @Nullable
     private Drawable loadDrawable(Context context, StatusBarIcon statusBarIcon) {
         if (usesModeIcons() && statusBarIcon.preloadedIcon != null) {
-            return statusBarIcon.preloadedIcon.mutate();
+            Drawable.ConstantState cached = statusBarIcon.preloadedIcon.getConstantState();
+            if (cached != null) {
+                return cached.newDrawable(mContext.getResources()).mutate();
+            } else {
+                return statusBarIcon.preloadedIcon.mutate();
+            }
         } else {
             int userId = statusBarIcon.user.getIdentifier();
             if (userId == UserHandle.USER_ALL) {
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicy.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicy.java
index 05bd1a7..ba39c3b 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicy.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicy.java
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
 import androidx.lifecycle.Observer;
 
-import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode;
+import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon;
 import com.android.systemui.Flags;
 import com.android.systemui.broadcast.BroadcastDispatcher;
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.DisplayId;
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.UserInfoController;
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.ZenModeController;
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor.ZenModeInteractor;
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.model.ZenModeInfo;
 import com.android.systemui.util.RingerModeTracker;
 import com.android.systemui.util.kotlin.JavaAdapter;
 import com.android.systemui.util.time.DateFormatUtil;
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@
             // Note that we're not fully replacing ZenModeController with ZenModeInteractor, so
             // we listen for the extra event here but still add the ZMC callback.
             mJavaAdapter.alwaysCollectFlow(mZenModeInteractor.getMainActiveMode(),
-                    this::onActiveModeChanged);
+                    this::onMainActiveModeChanged);
         }
         mZenController.addCallback(mZenControllerCallback);
         if (!Flags.statusBarScreenSharingChips()) {
@@ -395,20 +396,23 @@
                 () -> mResources.getString(R.string.accessibility_managed_profile));
     }
 
-    private void onActiveModeChanged(@Nullable ZenMode mode) {
+    private void onMainActiveModeChanged(@Nullable ZenModeInfo mainActiveMode) {
         if (!usesModeIcons()) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "onActiveModeChanged shouldn't be called if MODES_UI_ICONS is disabled");
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "onMainActiveModeChanged shouldn't run if MODES_UI_ICONS is disabled");
             return;
         }
-        boolean visible = mode != null;
-        if (visible) {
-            // TODO: b/360399800 - Get the resource id, package, and cached drawable from the mode;
-            //  this is a shortcut for testing.
-            String resPackage = mode.getIconKey().resPackage();
-            int iconResId = mode.getIconKey().resId();
 
-            mIconController.setResourceIcon(mSlotZen, resPackage, iconResId,
-                    /* preloadedIcon= */ null, mode.getName());
+        boolean visible = mainActiveMode != null;
+        if (visible) {
+            // Shape=FIXED_SPACE because mode icons can be from 3P packages and may not be square;
+            // we don't want to allow apps to set incredibly wide icons and take up too much space
+            // in the status bar.
+            mIconController.setResourceIcon(mSlotZen,
+                    mainActiveMode.getIcon().key().resPackage(),
+                    mainActiveMode.getIcon().key().resId(),
+                    mainActiveMode.getIcon().drawable(),
+                    mainActiveMode.getName(),
+                    StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE);
         }
         if (visible != mZenVisible) {
             mIconController.setIconVisibility(mSlotZen, visible);
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/DarkIconManager.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/DarkIconManager.java
index 8871dae..6c30330 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/DarkIconManager.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/DarkIconManager.java
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.ui;
 
-import android.view.ViewGroup;
 import android.widget.LinearLayout;
 
 import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon;
@@ -64,9 +63,8 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected LinearLayout.LayoutParams onCreateLayoutParams() {
-        LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
-                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, mIconSize);
+    protected LinearLayout.LayoutParams onCreateLayoutParams(StatusBarIcon.Shape shape) {
+        LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = super.onCreateLayoutParams(shape);
         lp.setMargins(mIconHorizontalMargin, 0, mIconHorizontalMargin, 0);
         return lp;
     }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManager.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManager.java
index 5ad7376..91ead61 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManager.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManager.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.StatusBarIconHolder.TYPE_ICON;
 import static com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.StatusBarIconHolder.TYPE_MOBILE_NEW;
 import static com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.StatusBarIconHolder.TYPE_WIFI_NEW;
+import static com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.ui.StatusBarIconControllerImpl.usesModeIcons;
 
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -27,9 +28,8 @@
 import android.view.ViewGroup;
 import android.widget.LinearLayout;
 
-import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
-
 import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon;
+import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon.Shape;
 import com.android.systemui.demomode.DemoModeCommandReceiver;
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.BaseStatusBarFrameLayout;
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.StatusBarIconView;
@@ -155,12 +155,11 @@
         };
     }
 
-    @VisibleForTesting
     protected StatusBarIconView addIcon(int index, String slot, boolean blocked,
             StatusBarIcon icon) {
         StatusBarIconView view = onCreateStatusBarIconView(slot, blocked);
         view.set(icon);
-        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams());
+        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams(icon.shape));
         return view;
     }
 
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@
             int index) {
         mBindableIcons.put(holder.getSlot(), holder);
         ModernStatusBarView view = holder.getInitializer().createAndBind(mContext);
-        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams());
+        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams(Shape.WRAP_CONTENT));
         if (mIsInDemoMode) {
             mDemoStatusIcons.addBindableIcon(holder);
         }
@@ -183,7 +182,7 @@
 
     protected StatusIconDisplayable addNewWifiIcon(int index, String slot) {
         ModernStatusBarWifiView view = onCreateModernStatusBarWifiView(slot);
-        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams());
+        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams(Shape.WRAP_CONTENT));
 
         if (mIsInDemoMode) {
             mDemoStatusIcons.addModernWifiView(mWifiViewModel);
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@
             int subId
     ) {
         BaseStatusBarFrameLayout view = onCreateModernStatusBarMobileView(slot, subId);
-        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams());
+        mGroup.addView(view, index, onCreateLayoutParams(Shape.WRAP_CONTENT));
 
         if (mIsInDemoMode) {
             Context mobileContext = mMobileContextProvider
@@ -233,8 +232,12 @@
                 );
     }
 
-    protected LinearLayout.LayoutParams onCreateLayoutParams() {
-        return new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, mIconSize);
+    protected LinearLayout.LayoutParams onCreateLayoutParams(Shape shape) {
+        int width = usesModeIcons() && shape == StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE
+                ? mIconSize
+                : ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
+
+        return new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(width, mIconSize);
     }
 
     protected void destroy() {
@@ -256,6 +259,13 @@
     /** Called once an icon has been set. */
     public void onSetIcon(int viewIndex, StatusBarIcon icon) {
         StatusBarIconView view = (StatusBarIconView) mGroup.getChildAt(viewIndex);
+        if (usesModeIcons()) {
+            ViewGroup.LayoutParams current = view.getLayoutParams();
+            ViewGroup.LayoutParams desired = onCreateLayoutParams(icon.shape);
+            if (desired.width != current.width || desired.height != current.height) {
+                view.setLayoutParams(desired);
+            }
+        }
         view.set(icon);
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconController.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconController.java
index ee528e9..0459b97 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconController.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconController.java
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@
      * @param preloadedIcon optional drawable corresponding to {@code iconResId}, if known
      */
     void setResourceIcon(String slot, @Nullable String resPackage, @DrawableRes int iconResId,
-            @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon, CharSequence contentDescription);
+            @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon, CharSequence contentDescription,
+            StatusBarIcon.Shape shape);
 
     /**
      * Sets up a wifi icon using the new data pipeline. No effect if the wifi icon has already been
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImpl.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImpl.java
index ad3a9e3..9b6d32b 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImpl.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImpl.java
@@ -234,13 +234,14 @@
                 Icon.createWithResource(mContext, resourceId),
                 /* preloadedIcon= */ null,
                 contentDescription,
-                StatusBarIcon.Type.SystemIcon);
+                StatusBarIcon.Type.SystemIcon,
+                StatusBarIcon.Shape.WRAP_CONTENT);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setResourceIcon(String slot, @Nullable String resPackage,
             @DrawableRes int iconResId, @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon,
-            CharSequence contentDescription) {
+            CharSequence contentDescription, StatusBarIcon.Shape shape) {
         if (!usesModeIcons()) {
             Log.wtf("TAG",
                     "StatusBarIconController.setResourceIcon() should not be called without "
@@ -260,12 +261,13 @@
                 icon,
                 preloadedIcon,
                 contentDescription,
-                StatusBarIcon.Type.ResourceIcon);
+                StatusBarIcon.Type.ResourceIcon,
+                shape);
     }
 
     private void setResourceIconInternal(String slot, Icon resourceIcon,
             @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon, CharSequence contentDescription,
-            StatusBarIcon.Type type) {
+            StatusBarIcon.Type type, StatusBarIcon.Shape shape) {
         checkArgument(resourceIcon.getType() == Icon.TYPE_RESOURCE,
                 "Expected Icon of TYPE_RESOURCE, but got " + resourceIcon.getType());
         String resPackage = resourceIcon.getResPackage();
@@ -277,7 +279,7 @@
         if (holder == null) {
             StatusBarIcon icon = new StatusBarIcon(UserHandle.SYSTEM, resPackage,
                     resourceIcon, /* iconLevel= */ 0, /* number=*/ 0,
-                    contentDescription, type);
+                    contentDescription, type, shape);
             icon.preloadedIcon = preloadedIcon;
             holder = StatusBarIconHolder.fromIcon(icon);
             setIcon(slot, holder);
@@ -286,6 +288,7 @@
             holder.getIcon().icon = resourceIcon;
             holder.getIcon().contentDescription = contentDescription;
             holder.getIcon().type = type;
+            holder.getIcon().shape = shape;
             holder.getIcon().preloadedIcon = preloadedIcon;
             handleSet(slot, holder);
         }
@@ -578,7 +581,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static boolean usesModeIcons() {
+    static boolean usesModeIcons() {
         return android.app.Flags.modesApi() && android.app.Flags.modesUi()
                 && android.app.Flags.modesUiIcons();
     }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/dagger/StatusBarPolicyModule.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/dagger/StatusBarPolicyModule.java
index 71bcdfcb..6cebcbd 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/dagger/StatusBarPolicyModule.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/dagger/StatusBarPolicyModule.java
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.R;
 import com.android.settingslib.devicestate.DeviceStateRotationLockSettingsManager;
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIconLoader;
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.SysUISingleton;
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.Main;
+import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.UiBackground;
 import com.android.systemui.log.LogBuffer;
 import com.android.systemui.log.LogBufferFactory;
 import com.android.systemui.settings.UserTracker;
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@
 import dagger.Provides;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 
 import javax.inject.Named;
 
@@ -236,4 +239,12 @@
     static LogBuffer provideCastControllerLog(LogBufferFactory factory) {
         return factory.create("CastControllerLog", 50);
     }
+
+    /** Provides a {@link ZenIconLoader} that fetches icons in a background thread. */
+    @Provides
+    @SysUISingleton
+    static ZenIconLoader provideZenIconLoader(
+            @UiBackground ExecutorService backgroundExecutorService) {
+        return new ZenIconLoader(backgroundExecutorService);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractor.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractor.kt
index a67b47a..93c631f 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractor.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractor.kt
@@ -23,16 +23,20 @@
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.concurrent.futures.await
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.data.repository.ZenModeRepository
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIcon
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIconLoader
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode
-import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.Icon
-import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
+import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.Background
 import com.android.systemui.shared.notifications.data.repository.NotificationSettingsRepository
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.model.ActiveZenModes
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.model.ZenModeInfo
 import java.time.Duration
 import javax.inject.Inject
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.combine
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.distinctUntilChanged
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.flowOn
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 
 /**
@@ -45,9 +49,9 @@
     private val context: Context,
     private val zenModeRepository: ZenModeRepository,
     private val notificationSettingsRepository: NotificationSettingsRepository,
+    @Background private val bgDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher,
+    private val iconLoader: ZenIconLoader,
 ) {
-    private val iconLoader: ZenIconLoader = ZenIconLoader.getInstance()
-
     val isZenModeEnabled: Flow<Boolean> =
         zenModeRepository.globalZenMode
             .map {
@@ -76,34 +80,27 @@
 
     val modes: Flow<List<ZenMode>> = zenModeRepository.modes
 
-    val activeModes: Flow<List<ZenMode>> =
-        modes.map { modes -> modes.filter { mode -> mode.isActive } }.distinctUntilChanged()
+    /** Flow returning the currently active mode(s), if any. */
+    val activeModes: Flow<ActiveZenModes> =
+        modes
+            .map { modes ->
+                val activeModesList =
+                    modes
+                        .filter { mode -> mode.isActive }
+                        .sortedWith(ZenMode.PRIORITIZING_COMPARATOR)
+                val mainActiveMode =
+                    activeModesList.firstOrNull()?.let { ZenModeInfo(it.name, getModeIcon(it)) }
 
-    /** Flow returning the most prioritized of the active modes, if any. */
-    val mainActiveMode: Flow<ZenMode?> =
-        activeModes.map { modes -> getMainActiveMode(modes) }.distinctUntilChanged()
+                ActiveZenModes(activeModesList.map { m -> m.name }, mainActiveMode)
+            }
+            .flowOn(bgDispatcher)
+            .distinctUntilChanged()
 
-    /**
-     * Given the list of modes (which may include zero or more currently active modes), returns the
-     * most prioritized of the active modes, if any.
-     */
-    private fun getMainActiveMode(modes: List<ZenMode>): ZenMode? {
-        return modes.sortedWith(ZenMode.PRIORITIZING_COMPARATOR).firstOrNull { it.isActive }
-    }
+    val mainActiveMode: Flow<ZenModeInfo?> =
+        activeModes.map { a -> a.mainMode }.distinctUntilChanged()
 
-    suspend fun getModeIcon(mode: ZenMode): Icon {
-        return iconLoader.getIcon(context, mode).await().drawable().asIcon()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Given the list of modes (which may include zero or more currently active modes), returns an
-     * icon representing the active mode, if any (or, if multiple modes are active, to the most
-     * prioritized one). This icon is suitable for use in the status bar or lockscreen (uses the
-     * standard DND icon for implicit modes, instead of the launcher icon of the associated
-     * package).
-     */
-    suspend fun getActiveModeIcon(modes: List<ZenMode>): Icon? {
-        return getMainActiveMode(modes)?.let { m -> getModeIcon(m) }
+    suspend fun getModeIcon(mode: ZenMode): ZenIcon {
+        return iconLoader.getIcon(context, mode).await()
     }
 
     fun activateMode(zenMode: ZenMode) {
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ActiveZenModes.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ActiveZenModes.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..569e517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ActiveZenModes.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.model
+
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode
+
+/**
+ * Represents the list of [ZenMode] instances that are currently active.
+ *
+ * @property modeNames Names of all the active modes, sorted by their priority.
+ * @property mainMode The most prioritized active mode, if any modes active. Guaranteed to be
+ *   non-null if [modeNames] is not empty.
+ */
+data class ActiveZenModes(val modeNames: List<String>, val mainMode: ZenModeInfo?) {
+    fun isAnyActive(): Boolean = modeNames.isNotEmpty()
+}
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ZenModeInfo.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ZenModeInfo.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5004f4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/model/ZenModeInfo.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.model
+
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenIcon
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode
+
+/** Name and icon of a [ZenMode] */
+data class ZenModeInfo(val name: String, val icon: ZenIcon)
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModel.kt b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModel.kt
index be90bec..8410713 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModel.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/ui/dialog/viewmodel/ModesDialogViewModel.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import android.provider.Settings.EXTRA_AUTOMATIC_ZEN_RULE_ID
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.EnableZenModeDialog
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.ZenMode
+import com.android.systemui.common.shared.model.asIcon
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.SysUISingleton
 import com.android.systemui.dagger.qualifiers.Background
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.dialog.QSZenModeDialogMetricsLogger
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@
                 modesList.map { mode ->
                     ModeTileViewModel(
                         id = mode.id,
-                        icon = zenModeInteractor.getModeIcon(mode),
+                        icon = zenModeInteractor.getModeIcon(mode).drawable().asIcon(),
                         text = mode.name,
                         subtext = getTileSubtext(mode),
                         enabled = mode.isActive,
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/util/concurrency/GlobalConcurrencyModule.java b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/util/concurrency/GlobalConcurrencyModule.java
index ecf1165..70774f13 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/util/concurrency/GlobalConcurrencyModule.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/util/concurrency/GlobalConcurrencyModule.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import dagger.Provides;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 import javax.inject.Singleton;
@@ -81,6 +82,18 @@
     @Singleton
     @UiBackground
     public static Executor provideUiBackgroundExecutor() {
+        return provideUiBackgroundExecutorService();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Provide an ExecutorService specifically for running UI operations on a separate thread.
+     *
+     * <p>Keep submitted runnables short and to the point, just as with any other UI code.
+     */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    @UiBackground
+    public static ExecutorService provideUiBackgroundExecutorService() {
         return Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/ModesTileTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/ModesTileTest.kt
index 19735e2..8435b1c 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/ModesTileTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/qs/tiles/ModesTileTest.kt
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.internal.logging.MetricsLogger
-import com.android.settingslib.notification.data.repository.FakeZenModeRepository
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
 import com.android.systemui.classifier.FalsingManagerFake
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testDispatcher
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testScope
 import com.android.systemui.plugins.ActivityStarter
 import com.android.systemui.plugins.statusbar.StatusBarStateController
 import com.android.systemui.qs.QSHost
@@ -41,16 +42,15 @@
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.viewmodel.QSTileConfigTestBuilder
 import com.android.systemui.qs.tiles.viewmodel.QSTileUIConfig
 import com.android.systemui.res.R
-import com.android.systemui.shared.notifications.data.repository.NotificationSettingsRepository
-import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor.ZenModeInteractor
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.data.repository.zenModeRepository
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor.zenModeInteractor
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.ui.dialog.ModesDialogDelegate
+import com.android.systemui.testKosmos
 import com.android.systemui.util.mockito.any
 import com.android.systemui.util.settings.FakeSettings
 import com.android.systemui.util.settings.SecureSettings
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
 import kotlinx.coroutines.ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
-import kotlinx.coroutines.test.TestScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.test.UnconfinedTestDispatcher
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runCurrent
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
 import org.junit.After
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 import org.mockito.Mock
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations
-import org.mockito.kotlin.mock
 import org.mockito.kotlin.whenever
 
 @OptIn(ExperimentalCoroutinesApi::class)
@@ -68,6 +67,9 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
 @RunWithLooper(setAsMainLooper = true)
 class ModesTileTest : SysuiTestCase() {
+    private val kosmos = testKosmos()
+    private val testScope = kosmos.testScope
+    private val testDispatcher = kosmos.testDispatcher
 
     @Mock private lateinit var qsHost: QSHost
 
@@ -85,17 +87,10 @@
 
     @Mock private lateinit var dialogDelegate: ModesDialogDelegate
 
-    private val testDispatcher = UnconfinedTestDispatcher()
-    private val testScope = TestScope(testDispatcher)
-
     private val inputHandler = FakeQSTileIntentUserInputHandler()
-    private val zenModeRepository = FakeZenModeRepository()
+    private val zenModeRepository = kosmos.zenModeRepository
     private val tileDataInteractor =
-        ModesTileDataInteractor(
-            context,
-            ZenModeInteractor(context, zenModeRepository, mock<NotificationSettingsRepository>()),
-            testDispatcher
-        )
+        ModesTileDataInteractor(context, kosmos.zenModeInteractor, testDispatcher)
     private val mapper =
         ModesTileMapper(
             context.orCreateTestableResources
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicyTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicyTest.kt
index 76dc65c..2ed3473 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicyTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/PhoneStatusBarPolicyTest.kt
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import android.testing.TestableLooper.RunWithLooper
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon
 import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.TestModeBuilder
 import com.android.systemui.Flags
 import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
 import com.android.systemui.display.domain.interactor.ConnectedDisplayInteractor
 import com.android.systemui.display.domain.interactor.ConnectedDisplayInteractor.PendingDisplay
 import com.android.systemui.display.domain.interactor.ConnectedDisplayInteractor.State
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testScope
 import com.android.systemui.privacy.PrivacyItemController
 import com.android.systemui.privacy.logging.PrivacyLogger
 import com.android.systemui.screenrecord.RecordingController
@@ -71,9 +73,7 @@
 import com.android.systemui.util.time.FakeSystemClock
 import kotlinx.coroutines.ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
-import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableSharedFlow
-import kotlinx.coroutines.test.TestScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.test.UnconfinedTestDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runCurrent
 import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
 import org.junit.Before
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
     private lateinit var alarmCallbackCaptor:
         ArgumentCaptor<NextAlarmController.NextAlarmChangeCallback>
 
-    private val testScope = TestScope(UnconfinedTestDispatcher())
+    private val testScope = kosmos.testScope
     private val fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider = FakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider()
     private val zenModeController = FakeZenModeController()
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
             statusBarPolicy.init()
             clearInvocations(iconController)
 
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.CONNECTED)
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.CONNECTED)
             runCurrent()
 
             verify(iconController).setIconVisibility(CONNECTED_DISPLAY_SLOT, true)
@@ -261,7 +261,8 @@
             statusBarPolicy.init()
             clearInvocations(iconController)
 
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.DISCONNECTED)
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.DISCONNECTED)
+            runCurrent()
 
             verify(iconController).setIconVisibility(CONNECTED_DISPLAY_SLOT, false)
         }
@@ -272,9 +273,12 @@
             statusBarPolicy.init()
             clearInvocations(iconController)
 
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.CONNECTED)
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.DISCONNECTED)
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.CONNECTED)
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.CONNECTED)
+            runCurrent()
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.DISCONNECTED)
+            runCurrent()
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.CONNECTED)
+            runCurrent()
 
             inOrder(iconController).apply {
                 verify(iconController).setIconVisibility(CONNECTED_DISPLAY_SLOT, true)
@@ -289,7 +293,8 @@
             statusBarPolicy.init()
             clearInvocations(iconController)
 
-            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.emit(State.CONNECTED_SECURE)
+            fakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider.setState(State.CONNECTED_SECURE)
+            runCurrent()
 
             verify(iconController).setIconVisibility(CONNECTED_DISPLAY_SLOT, true)
         }
@@ -390,7 +395,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableFlags(android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    @EnableFlags(android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
     fun zenModeInteractorActiveModeChanged_showsModeIcon() =
         testScope.runTest {
             statusBarPolicy.init()
@@ -403,8 +408,8 @@
                         .setName("Bedtime Mode")
                         .setType(AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_BEDTIME)
                         .setActive(true)
-                        .setPackage("some.package")
-                        .setIconResId(123)
+                        .setPackage(mContext.packageName)
+                        .setIconResId(android.R.drawable.ic_lock_lock)
                         .build(),
                     TestModeBuilder()
                         .setId("other")
@@ -412,7 +417,7 @@
                         .setType(AutomaticZenRule.TYPE_OTHER)
                         .setActive(true)
                         .setPackage(SystemZenRules.PACKAGE_ANDROID)
-                        .setIconResId(456)
+                        .setIconResId(android.R.drawable.ic_media_play)
                         .build(),
                 )
             )
@@ -422,17 +427,25 @@
             verify(iconController)
                 .setResourceIcon(
                     eq(ZEN_SLOT),
-                    eq("some.package"),
-                    eq(123),
-                    eq(null),
-                    eq("Bedtime Mode")
+                    eq(mContext.packageName),
+                    eq(android.R.drawable.ic_lock_lock),
+                    any(), // non-null
+                    eq("Bedtime Mode"),
+                    eq(StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE)
                 )
 
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("bedtime")
             runCurrent()
 
             verify(iconController)
-                .setResourceIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), eq(null), eq(456), eq(null), eq("Other Mode"))
+                .setResourceIcon(
+                    eq(ZEN_SLOT),
+                    eq(null),
+                    eq(android.R.drawable.ic_media_play),
+                    any(), // non-null
+                    eq("Other Mode"),
+                    eq(StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE)
+                )
 
             zenModeRepository.deactivateMode("other")
             runCurrent()
@@ -441,7 +454,7 @@
         }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableFlags(android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    @EnableFlags(android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
     fun zenModeControllerOnGlobalZenChanged_doesNotUpdateDndIcon() {
         statusBarPolicy.init()
         reset(iconController)
@@ -450,7 +463,8 @@
 
         verify(iconController, never()).setIconVisibility(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any())
         verify(iconController, never()).setIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), anyInt(), any())
-        verify(iconController, never()).setResourceIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any(), any(), any(), any())
+        verify(iconController, never())
+            .setResourceIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any(), any(), any(), any(), any())
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -466,7 +480,7 @@
             verify(iconController, never()).setIconVisibility(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any())
             verify(iconController, never()).setIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), anyInt(), any())
             verify(iconController, never())
-                .setResourceIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any(), any(), any(), any())
+                .setResourceIcon(eq(ZEN_SLOT), any(), any(), any(), any(), any())
         }
 
     @Test
@@ -529,9 +543,11 @@
     }
 
     private class FakeConnectedDisplayStateProvider : ConnectedDisplayInteractor {
-        private val flow = MutableSharedFlow<State>()
+        private val flow = MutableStateFlow(State.DISCONNECTED)
 
-        suspend fun emit(value: State) = flow.emit(value)
+        fun setState(value: State) {
+            flow.value = value
+        }
 
         override val connectedDisplayState: Flow<State>
             get() = flow
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManagerTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManagerTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90732d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/IconManagerTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.ui
+
+import android.app.Flags
+import android.graphics.drawable.Icon
+import android.os.UserHandle
+import android.platform.test.annotations.DisableFlags
+import android.platform.test.annotations.EnableFlags
+import android.view.ViewGroup
+import android.widget.ImageView
+import android.widget.LinearLayout
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.internal.statusbar.StatusBarIcon
+import com.android.systemui.SysuiTestCase
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.StatusBarIconView
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.connectivity.ui.MobileContextProvider
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.StatusBarLocation
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.pipeline.mobile.ui.MobileUiAdapter
+import com.android.systemui.statusbar.pipeline.wifi.ui.WifiUiAdapter
+import com.android.systemui.util.Assert
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.Mockito.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS
+import org.mockito.kotlin.mock
+
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class IconManagerTest : SysuiTestCase() {
+
+    private lateinit var underTest: IconManager
+    private lateinit var viewGroup: ViewGroup
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        Assert.setTestThread(Thread.currentThread())
+        viewGroup = LinearLayout(context)
+        underTest =
+            IconManager(
+                viewGroup,
+                StatusBarLocation.HOME,
+                mock<WifiUiAdapter>(defaultAnswer = RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS),
+                mock<MobileUiAdapter>(defaultAnswer = RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS),
+                mock<MobileContextProvider>(defaultAnswer = RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS),
+            )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    fun addIcon_shapeWrapContent_addsIconViewWithVariableWidth() {
+        val sbIcon = newStatusBarIcon(StatusBarIcon.Shape.WRAP_CONTENT)
+
+        underTest.addIcon(0, "slot", false, sbIcon)
+
+        assertThat(viewGroup.childCount).isEqualTo(1)
+        val iconView = viewGroup.getChildAt(0) as StatusBarIconView
+        assertThat(iconView).isNotNull()
+
+        assertThat(iconView.layoutParams.width).isEqualTo(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
+        assertThat(iconView.scaleType).isEqualTo(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @EnableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    fun addIcon_shapeFixedSpace_addsIconViewWithFixedWidth() {
+        val sbIcon = newStatusBarIcon(StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE)
+
+        underTest.addIcon(0, "slot", false, sbIcon)
+
+        assertThat(viewGroup.childCount).isEqualTo(1)
+        val iconView = viewGroup.getChildAt(0) as StatusBarIconView
+        assertThat(iconView).isNotNull()
+
+        assertThat(iconView.layoutParams.width).isNotEqualTo(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
+        assertThat(iconView.layoutParams.width).isEqualTo(iconView.layoutParams.height)
+        assertThat(iconView.scaleType).isEqualTo(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisableFlags(Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
+    fun addIcon_iconsFlagOff_addsIconViewWithVariableWidth() {
+        val sbIcon = newStatusBarIcon(StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE)
+
+        underTest.addIcon(0, "slot", false, sbIcon)
+
+        assertThat(viewGroup.childCount).isEqualTo(1)
+        val iconView = viewGroup.getChildAt(0) as StatusBarIconView
+        assertThat(iconView).isNotNull()
+
+        assertThat(iconView.layoutParams.width).isEqualTo(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
+        assertThat(iconView.scaleType).isEqualTo(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER)
+    }
+
+    private fun newStatusBarIcon(shape: StatusBarIcon.Shape) =
+        StatusBarIcon(
+            UserHandle.CURRENT,
+            context.packageName,
+            Icon.createWithResource(context, android.R.drawable.ic_media_next),
+            0,
+            0,
+            "",
+            StatusBarIcon.Type.ResourceIcon,
+            shape,
+        )
+}
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImplTest.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImplTest.kt
index 26a57e4..50a13b9 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImplTest.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/phone/ui/StatusBarIconControllerImplTest.kt
@@ -424,7 +424,14 @@
     @EnableFlags(android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI, android.app.Flags.FLAG_MODES_UI_ICONS)
     fun setResourceIcon_setsIconAndPreloadedIconInHolder() {
         val drawable = ColorDrawable(1)
-        underTest.setResourceIcon("slot", "some.package", 123, drawable, "description")
+        underTest.setResourceIcon(
+            "slot",
+            "some.package",
+            123,
+            drawable,
+            "description",
+            StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE
+        )
 
         val iconHolder = iconList.getIconHolder("slot", 0)
         assertThat(iconHolder).isNotNull()
@@ -432,6 +439,7 @@
         assertThat(iconHolder?.icon?.icon?.resId).isEqualTo(123)
         assertThat(iconHolder?.icon?.icon?.resPackage).isEqualTo("some.package")
         assertThat(iconHolder?.icon?.contentDescription).isEqualTo("description")
+        assertThat(iconHolder?.icon?.shape).isEqualTo(StatusBarIcon.Shape.FIXED_SPACE)
         assertThat(iconHolder?.icon?.preloadedIcon).isEqualTo(drawable)
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoaderKosmos.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoaderKosmos.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8541d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/settingslib/notification/modes/ZenIconLoaderKosmos.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.settingslib.notification.modes
+
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.Kosmos
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.Kosmos.Fixture
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors
+
+val Kosmos.zenIconLoader by Fixture { ZenIconLoader(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService()) }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorKosmos.kt b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorKosmos.kt
index 66be7e7..61b53c9 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorKosmos.kt
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/statusbar/policy/domain/interactor/ZenModeInteractorKosmos.kt
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@
 package com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.domain.interactor
 
 import android.content.testableContext
+import com.android.settingslib.notification.modes.zenIconLoader
 import com.android.systemui.kosmos.Kosmos
 import com.android.systemui.kosmos.Kosmos.Fixture
+import com.android.systemui.kosmos.testDispatcher
 import com.android.systemui.shared.notifications.data.repository.notificationSettingsRepository
 import com.android.systemui.statusbar.policy.data.repository.zenModeRepository
 
@@ -27,5 +29,7 @@
         context = testableContext,
         zenModeRepository = zenModeRepository,
         notificationSettingsRepository = notificationSettingsRepository,
+        bgDispatcher = testDispatcher,
+        iconLoader = zenIconLoader,
     )
 }
diff --git a/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/utils/leaks/FakeStatusBarIconController.java b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/utils/leaks/FakeStatusBarIconController.java
index 2dbac67..0089199 100644
--- a/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/utils/leaks/FakeStatusBarIconController.java
+++ b/packages/SystemUI/tests/utils/src/com/android/systemui/utils/leaks/FakeStatusBarIconController.java
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@
 
     @Override
     public void setResourceIcon(String slot, @Nullable String resPackage, int iconResId,
-            @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon, CharSequence contentDescription) {
+            @Nullable Drawable preloadedIcon, CharSequence contentDescription,
+            StatusBarIcon.Shape shape) {
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
index 2b55ac5..8271039 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
 import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
 
+import android.util.Log;
+
 import com.android.ravenwood.common.RavenwoodCommonUtils;
 import com.android.ravenwood.common.SneakyThrow;
 
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.Orderer;
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.Sortable;
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.Sorter;
+import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;
 import org.junit.runner.notification.RunNotifier;
 import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
 import org.junit.runners.model.Statement;
@@ -134,8 +137,10 @@
         return runner;
     }
 
-    private final TestClass mTestClsas;
-    private final Runner mRealRunner;
+    private TestClass mTestClass = null;
+    private Runner mRealRunner = null;
+    private Description mDescription = null;
+    private Throwable mExceptionInConstructor = null;
 
     /** Simple logging method. */
     private void log(String message) {
@@ -149,45 +154,62 @@
     }
 
     public TestClass getTestClass() {
-        return mTestClsas;
+        return mTestClass;
     }
 
     /**
      * Constructor.
      */
     public RavenwoodAwareTestRunner(Class<?> testClass) {
-        mTestClsas = new TestClass(testClass);
-
-        /*
-         * If the class has @DisabledOnRavenwood, then we'll delegate to ClassSkippingTestRunner,
-         * which simply skips it.
-         */
-        if (isOnRavenwood() && !RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerHook.shouldRunClassOnRavenwood(
-                mTestClsas.getJavaClass())) {
-            mRealRunner = new ClassSkippingTestRunner(mTestClsas);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Find the real runner.
-        final Class<? extends Runner> realRunner;
-        final InnerRunner innerRunnerAnnotation = mTestClsas.getAnnotation(InnerRunner.class);
-        if (innerRunnerAnnotation != null) {
-            realRunner = innerRunnerAnnotation.value();
-        } else {
-            // Default runner.
-            realRunner = BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class;
-        }
-
-        onRunnerInitializing();
-
         try {
-            log("Initializing the inner runner: " + realRunner);
+            mTestClass = new TestClass(testClass);
 
-            mRealRunner = realRunner.getConstructor(Class.class).newInstance(testClass);
+            /*
+             * If the class has @DisabledOnRavenwood, then we'll delegate to
+             * ClassSkippingTestRunner, which simply skips it.
+             */
+            if (isOnRavenwood() && !RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerHook.shouldRunClassOnRavenwood(
+                    mTestClass.getJavaClass())) {
+                mRealRunner = new ClassSkippingTestRunner(mTestClass);
+                mDescription = mRealRunner.getDescription();
+                return;
+            }
 
-        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException
-                 | InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException e) {
-            throw logAndFail("Failed to instantiate " + realRunner, e);
+            // Find the real runner.
+            final Class<? extends Runner> realRunner;
+            final InnerRunner innerRunnerAnnotation = mTestClass.getAnnotation(InnerRunner.class);
+            if (innerRunnerAnnotation != null) {
+                realRunner = innerRunnerAnnotation.value();
+            } else {
+                // Default runner.
+                realRunner = BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class;
+            }
+
+            onRunnerInitializing();
+
+            try {
+                log("Initializing the inner runner: " + realRunner);
+
+                mRealRunner = realRunner.getConstructor(Class.class).newInstance(testClass);
+                mDescription = mRealRunner.getDescription();
+
+            } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException
+                     | InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException e) {
+                throw logAndFail("Failed to instantiate " + realRunner, e);
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable th) {
+            // If we throw in the constructor, Tradefed may not report it and just ignore the class,
+            // so record it and throw it when the test actually started.
+            log("Fatal: Exception detected in constructor: " + th.getMessage() + "\n"
+                    + Log.getStackTraceString(th));
+            mExceptionInConstructor = new RuntimeException("Exception detected in constructor",
+                    th);
+            mDescription = Description.createTestDescription(testClass, "Constructor");
+
+            // This is for testing if tradefed is fixed.
+            if ("1".equals(System.getenv("RAVENWOOD_THROW_EXCEPTION_IN_TEST_RUNNER"))) {
+                throw th;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -202,7 +224,7 @@
 
         log("onRunnerInitializing");
 
-        RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerHook.onRunnerInitializing(this, mTestClsas);
+        RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerHook.onRunnerInitializing(this, mTestClass);
 
         // Hook point to allow more customization.
         runAnnotatedMethodsOnRavenwood(RavenwoodTestRunnerInitializing.class, null);
@@ -230,7 +252,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public Description getDescription() {
-        return mRealRunner.getDescription();
+        return mDescription;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -241,6 +263,10 @@
             return;
         }
 
+        if (maybeReportExceptionFromConstructor(notifier)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
         sCurrentRunner.set(this);
         try {
             runWithHooks(getDescription(), Scope.Runner, Order.First,
@@ -250,6 +276,18 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /** Throw the exception detected in the constructor, if any. */
+    private boolean maybeReportExceptionFromConstructor(RunNotifier notifier) {
+        if (mExceptionInConstructor == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        notifier.fireTestStarted(mDescription);
+        notifier.fireTestFailure(new Failure(mDescription, mExceptionInConstructor));
+        notifier.fireTestFinished(mDescription);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void filter(Filter filter) throws NoTestsRemainException {
         if (mRealRunner instanceof Filterable r) {
diff --git a/ravenwood/runtime-helper-src/libcore-fake/libcore/util/FP16.java b/ravenwood/runtime-helper-src/libcore-fake/libcore/util/FP16.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..478503b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ravenwood/runtime-helper-src/libcore-fake/libcore/util/FP16.java
@@ -0,0 +1,814 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package libcore.util;
+
+/**
+ * <p>The {@code FP16} class is a wrapper and a utility class to manipulate half-precision 16-bit
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-precision_floating-point_format">IEEE 754</a>
+ * floating point data types (also called fp16 or binary16). A half-precision float can be
+ * created from or converted to single-precision floats, and is stored in a short data type.
+ *
+ * <p>The IEEE 754 standard specifies an fp16 as having the following format:</p>
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>Sign bit: 1 bit</li>
+ * <li>Exponent width: 5 bits</li>
+ * <li>Significand: 10 bits</li>
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>The format is laid out as follows:</p>
+ * <pre>
+ * 1   11111   1111111111
+ * ^   --^--   -----^----
+ * sign  |          |_______ significand
+ *       |
+ *       -- exponent
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <p>Half-precision floating points can be useful to save memory and/or
+ * bandwidth at the expense of range and precision when compared to single-precision
+ * floating points (fp32).</p>
+ * <p>To help you decide whether fp16 is the right storage type for you need, please
+ * refer to the table below that shows the available precision throughout the range of
+ * possible values. The <em>precision</em> column indicates the step size between two
+ * consecutive numbers in a specific part of the range.</p>
+ *
+ * <table summary="Precision of fp16 across the range">
+ *     <tr><th>Range start</th><th>Precision</th></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>0</td><td>1 &frasl; 16,777,216</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 16,384</td><td>1 &frasl; 16,777,216</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 8,192</td><td>1 &frasl; 8,388,608</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 4,096</td><td>1 &frasl; 4,194,304</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 2,048</td><td>1 &frasl; 2,097,152</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 1,024</td><td>1 &frasl; 1,048,576</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 512</td><td>1 &frasl; 524,288</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 256</td><td>1 &frasl; 262,144</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 128</td><td>1 &frasl; 131,072</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 64</td><td>1 &frasl; 65,536</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 32</td><td>1 &frasl; 32,768</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 16</td><td>1 &frasl; 16,384</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 8</td><td>1 &frasl; 8,192</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 4</td><td>1 &frasl; 4,096</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1 &frasl; 2</td><td>1 &frasl; 2,048</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1</td><td>1 &frasl; 1,024</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>2</td><td>1 &frasl; 512</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>4</td><td>1 &frasl; 256</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>8</td><td>1 &frasl; 128</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>16</td><td>1 &frasl; 64</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>32</td><td>1 &frasl; 32</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>64</td><td>1 &frasl; 16</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>128</td><td>1 &frasl; 8</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>256</td><td>1 &frasl; 4</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>512</td><td>1 &frasl; 2</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>1,024</td><td>1</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>2,048</td><td>2</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>4,096</td><td>4</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>8,192</td><td>8</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>16,384</td><td>16</td></tr>
+ *     <tr><td>32,768</td><td>32</td></tr>
+ * </table>
+ *
+ * <p>This table shows that numbers higher than 1024 lose all fractional precision.</p>
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+
+public final class FP16 {
+    /**
+     * The number of bits used to represent a half-precision float value.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int SIZE = 16;
+
+    /**
+     * Epsilon is the difference between 1.0 and the next value representable
+     * by a half-precision floating-point.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short EPSILON = (short) 0x1400;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum exponent a finite half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int MAX_EXPONENT = 15;
+    /**
+     * Minimum exponent a normalized half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int MIN_EXPONENT = -14;
+
+    /**
+     * Smallest negative value a half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short LOWEST_VALUE = (short) 0xfbff;
+    /**
+     * Maximum positive finite value a half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short MAX_VALUE = (short) 0x7bff;
+    /**
+     * Smallest positive normal value a half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short MIN_NORMAL = (short) 0x0400;
+    /**
+     * Smallest positive non-zero value a half-precision float may have.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short MIN_VALUE = (short) 0x0001;
+    /**
+     * A Not-a-Number representation of a half-precision float.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short NaN = (short) 0x7e00;
+    /**
+     * Negative infinity of type half-precision float.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short NEGATIVE_INFINITY = (short) 0xfc00;
+    /**
+     * Negative 0 of type half-precision float.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short NEGATIVE_ZERO = (short) 0x8000;
+    /**
+     * Positive infinity of type half-precision float.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short POSITIVE_INFINITY = (short) 0x7c00;
+    /**
+     * Positive 0 of type half-precision float.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final short POSITIVE_ZERO = (short) 0x0000;
+
+    /**
+     * The offset to shift by to obtain the sign bit.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int SIGN_SHIFT                = 15;
+
+    /**
+     * The offset to shift by to obtain the exponent bits.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int EXPONENT_SHIFT            = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * The bitmask to AND a number with to obtain the sign bit.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int SIGN_MASK                 = 0x8000;
+
+    /**
+     * The bitmask to AND a number shifted by {@link #EXPONENT_SHIFT} right, to obtain exponent bits.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int SHIFTED_EXPONENT_MASK     = 0x1f;
+
+    /**
+     * The bitmask to AND a number with to obtain significand bits.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int SIGNIFICAND_MASK          = 0x3ff;
+
+    /**
+     * The bitmask to AND with to obtain exponent and significand bits.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK = 0x7fff;
+
+    /**
+     * The offset of the exponent from the actual value.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int EXPONENT_BIAS             = 15;
+
+    private static final int FP32_SIGN_SHIFT            = 31;
+    private static final int FP32_EXPONENT_SHIFT        = 23;
+    private static final int FP32_SHIFTED_EXPONENT_MASK = 0xff;
+    private static final int FP32_SIGNIFICAND_MASK      = 0x7fffff;
+    private static final int FP32_EXPONENT_BIAS         = 127;
+    private static final int FP32_QNAN_MASK             = 0x400000;
+    private static final int FP32_DENORMAL_MAGIC = 126 << 23;
+    private static final float FP32_DENORMAL_FLOAT = Float.intBitsToFloat(FP32_DENORMAL_MAGIC);
+
+    /** Hidden constructor to prevent instantiation. */
+    private FP16() {}
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Compares the two specified half-precision float values. The following
+     * conditions apply during the comparison:</p>
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>{@link #NaN} is considered by this method to be equal to itself and greater
+     * than all other half-precision float values (including {@code #POSITIVE_INFINITY})</li>
+     * <li>{@link #POSITIVE_ZERO} is considered by this method to be greater than
+     * {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO}.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision float value to compare.
+     * @param y The second half-precision float value to compare
+     *
+     * @return  The value {@code 0} if {@code x} is numerically equal to {@code y}, a
+     *          value less than {@code 0} if {@code x} is numerically less than {@code y},
+     *          and a value greater than {@code 0} if {@code x} is numerically greater
+     *          than {@code y}
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static int compare(short x, short y) {
+        if (less(x, y)) return -1;
+        if (greater(x, y)) return 1;
+
+        // Collapse NaNs, akin to halfToIntBits(), but we want to keep
+        // (signed) short value types to preserve the ordering of -0.0
+        // and +0.0
+        short xBits = isNaN(x) ? NaN : x;
+        short yBits = isNaN(y) ? NaN : y;
+
+        return (xBits == yBits ? 0 : (xBits < yBits ? -1 : 1));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the closest integral half-precision float value to the specified
+     * half-precision float value. Special values are handled in the
+     * following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is infinity (negative or positive),
+     * the result is infinity (with the same sign)</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is zero (negative or positive),
+     * the result is zero (with the same sign)</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return The value of the specified half-precision float rounded to the nearest
+     *         half-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short rint(short h) {
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int abs = bits & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+        int result = bits;
+
+        if (abs < 0x3c00) {
+            result &= SIGN_MASK;
+            if (abs > 0x3800){
+                result |= 0x3c00;
+            }
+        } else if (abs < 0x6400) {
+            int exp = 25 - (abs >> 10);
+            int mask = (1 << exp) - 1;
+            result += ((1 << (exp - 1)) - (~(abs >> exp) & 1));
+            result &= ~mask;
+        }
+        if (isNaN((short) result)) {
+            // if result is NaN mask with qNaN
+            // (i.e. mask the most significant mantissa bit with 1)
+            // to comply with hardware implementations (ARM64, Intel, etc).
+            result |= NaN;
+        }
+
+        return (short) result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smallest half-precision float value toward negative infinity
+     * greater than or equal to the specified half-precision float value.
+     * Special values are handled in the following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is infinity (negative or positive),
+     * the result is infinity (with the same sign)</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is zero (negative or positive),
+     * the result is zero (with the same sign)</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return The smallest half-precision float value toward negative infinity
+     *         greater than or equal to the specified half-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short ceil(short h) {
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int abs = bits & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+        int result = bits;
+
+        if (abs < 0x3c00) {
+            result &= SIGN_MASK;
+            result |= 0x3c00 & -(~(bits >> 15) & (abs != 0 ? 1 : 0));
+        } else if (abs < 0x6400) {
+            abs = 25 - (abs >> 10);
+            int mask = (1 << abs) - 1;
+            result += mask & ((bits >> 15) - 1);
+            result &= ~mask;
+        }
+        if (isNaN((short) result)) {
+            // if result is NaN mask with qNaN
+            // (i.e. mask the most significant mantissa bit with 1)
+            // to comply with hardware implementations (ARM64, Intel, etc).
+            result |= NaN;
+        }
+
+        return (short) result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the largest half-precision float value toward positive infinity
+     * less than or equal to the specified half-precision float value.
+     * Special values are handled in the following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is infinity (negative or positive),
+     * the result is infinity (with the same sign)</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is zero (negative or positive),
+     * the result is zero (with the same sign)</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return The largest half-precision float value toward positive infinity
+     *         less than or equal to the specified half-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short floor(short h) {
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int abs = bits & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+        int result = bits;
+
+        if (abs < 0x3c00) {
+            result &= SIGN_MASK;
+            result |= 0x3c00 & (bits > 0x8000 ? 0xffff : 0x0);
+        } else if (abs < 0x6400) {
+            abs = 25 - (abs >> 10);
+            int mask = (1 << abs) - 1;
+            result += mask & -(bits >> 15);
+            result &= ~mask;
+        }
+        if (isNaN((short) result)) {
+            // if result is NaN mask with qNaN
+            // i.e. (Mask the most significant mantissa bit with 1)
+            result |= NaN;
+        }
+
+        return (short) result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the truncated half-precision float value of the specified
+     * half-precision float value. Special values are handled in the following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is infinity (negative or positive),
+     * the result is infinity (with the same sign)</li>
+     * <li>If the specified half-precision float is zero (negative or positive),
+     * the result is zero (with the same sign)</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return The truncated half-precision float value of the specified
+     *         half-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short trunc(short h) {
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int abs = bits & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+        int result = bits;
+
+        if (abs < 0x3c00) {
+            result &= SIGN_MASK;
+        } else if (abs < 0x6400) {
+            abs = 25 - (abs >> 10);
+            int mask = (1 << abs) - 1;
+            result &= ~mask;
+        }
+
+        return (short) result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smaller of two half-precision float values (the value closest
+     * to negative infinity). Special values are handled in the following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If either value is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>{@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO} is smaller than {@link #POSITIVE_ZERO}</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     * @return The smaller of the two specified half-precision values
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short min(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return NaN;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return NaN;
+
+        if ((x & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == 0 && (y & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == 0) {
+            return (x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? x : y;
+        }
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) <
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff) ? x : y;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the larger of two half-precision float values (the value closest
+     * to positive infinity). Special values are handled in the following ways:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If either value is NaN, the result is NaN</li>
+     * <li>{@link #POSITIVE_ZERO} is greater than {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO}</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return The larger of the two specified half-precision values
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short max(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return NaN;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return NaN;
+
+        if ((x & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == 0 && (y & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == 0) {
+            return (x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? y : x;
+        }
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) >
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff) ? x : y;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the first half-precision float value is less (smaller
+     * toward negative infinity) than the second half-precision float value.
+     * If either of the values is NaN, the result is false.
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return True if x is less than y, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean less(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return false;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return false;
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) <
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the first half-precision float value is less (smaller
+     * toward negative infinity) than or equal to the second half-precision
+     * float value. If either of the values is NaN, the result is false.
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return True if x is less than or equal to y, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean lessEquals(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return false;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return false;
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) <=
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the first half-precision float value is greater (larger
+     * toward positive infinity) than the second half-precision float value.
+     * If either of the values is NaN, the result is false.
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return True if x is greater than y, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean greater(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return false;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return false;
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) >
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the first half-precision float value is greater (larger
+     * toward positive infinity) than or equal to the second half-precision float
+     * value. If either of the values is NaN, the result is false.
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return True if x is greater than y, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean greaterEquals(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return false;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return false;
+
+        return ((x & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (x & 0xffff) : x & 0xffff) >=
+               ((y & SIGN_MASK) != 0 ? 0x8000 - (y & 0xffff) : y & 0xffff);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the two half-precision float values are equal.
+     * If either of the values is NaN, the result is false. {@link #POSITIVE_ZERO}
+     * and {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO} are considered equal.
+     *
+     * @param x The first half-precision value
+     * @param y The second half-precision value
+     *
+     * @return True if x is equal to y, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean equals(short x, short y) {
+        if (isNaN(x)) return false;
+        if (isNaN(y)) return false;
+
+        return x == y || ((x | y) & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified half-precision float value represents
+     * infinity, false otherwise.
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return True if the value is positive infinity or negative infinity,
+     *         false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean isInfinite(short h) {
+        return (h & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) == POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified half-precision float value represents
+     * a Not-a-Number, false otherwise.
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return True if the value is a NaN, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean isNaN(short h) {
+        return (h & EXPONENT_SIGNIFICAND_MASK) > POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified half-precision float value is normalized
+     * (does not have a subnormal representation). If the specified value is
+     * {@link #POSITIVE_INFINITY}, {@link #NEGATIVE_INFINITY},
+     * {@link #POSITIVE_ZERO}, {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO}, NaN or any subnormal
+     * number, this method returns false.
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return True if the value is normalized, false otherwise
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean isNormalized(short h) {
+        return (h & POSITIVE_INFINITY) != 0 && (h & POSITIVE_INFINITY) != POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Converts the specified half-precision float value into a
+     * single-precision float value. The following special cases are handled:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the input is {@link #NaN}, the returned value is {@link Float#NaN}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is {@link #POSITIVE_INFINITY} or
+     * {@link #NEGATIVE_INFINITY}, the returned value is respectively
+     * {@link Float#POSITIVE_INFINITY} or {@link Float#NEGATIVE_INFINITY}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is 0 (positive or negative), the returned value is +/-0.0f</li>
+     * <li>Otherwise, the returned value is a normalized single-precision float value</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h The half-precision float value to convert to single-precision
+     * @return A normalized single-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static float toFloat(short h) {
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int s = bits & SIGN_MASK;
+        int e = (bits >>> EXPONENT_SHIFT) & SHIFTED_EXPONENT_MASK;
+        int m = (bits                        ) & SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+
+        int outE = 0;
+        int outM = 0;
+
+        if (e == 0) { // Denormal or 0
+            if (m != 0) {
+                // Convert denorm fp16 into normalized fp32
+                float o = Float.intBitsToFloat(FP32_DENORMAL_MAGIC + m);
+                o -= FP32_DENORMAL_FLOAT;
+                return s == 0 ? o : -o;
+            }
+        } else {
+            outM = m << 13;
+            if (e == 0x1f) { // Infinite or NaN
+                outE = 0xff;
+                if (outM != 0) { // SNaNs are quieted
+                    outM |= FP32_QNAN_MASK;
+                }
+            } else {
+                outE = e - EXPONENT_BIAS + FP32_EXPONENT_BIAS;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int out = (s << 16) | (outE << FP32_EXPONENT_SHIFT) | outM;
+        return Float.intBitsToFloat(out);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Converts the specified single-precision float value into a
+     * half-precision float value. The following special cases are handled:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the input is NaN (see {@link Float#isNaN(float)}), the returned
+     * value is {@link #NaN}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is {@link Float#POSITIVE_INFINITY} or
+     * {@link Float#NEGATIVE_INFINITY}, the returned value is respectively
+     * {@link #POSITIVE_INFINITY} or {@link #NEGATIVE_INFINITY}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is 0 (positive or negative), the returned value is
+     * {@link #POSITIVE_ZERO} or {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is a less than {@link #MIN_VALUE}, the returned value
+     * is flushed to {@link #POSITIVE_ZERO} or {@link #NEGATIVE_ZERO}</li>
+     * <li>If the input is a less than {@link #MIN_NORMAL}, the returned value
+     * is a denorm half-precision float</li>
+     * <li>Otherwise, the returned value is rounded to the nearest
+     * representable half-precision float value</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param f The single-precision float value to convert to half-precision
+     * @return A half-precision float value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static short toHalf(float f) {
+        int bits = Float.floatToRawIntBits(f);
+        int s = (bits >>> FP32_SIGN_SHIFT    );
+        int e = (bits >>> FP32_EXPONENT_SHIFT) & FP32_SHIFTED_EXPONENT_MASK;
+        int m = (bits                        ) & FP32_SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+
+        int outE = 0;
+        int outM = 0;
+
+        if (e == 0xff) { // Infinite or NaN
+            outE = 0x1f;
+            outM = m != 0 ? 0x200 : 0;
+        } else {
+            e = e - FP32_EXPONENT_BIAS + EXPONENT_BIAS;
+            if (e >= 0x1f) { // Overflow
+                outE = 0x1f;
+            } else if (e <= 0) { // Underflow
+                if (e < -10) {
+                    // The absolute fp32 value is less than MIN_VALUE, flush to +/-0
+                } else {
+                    // The fp32 value is a normalized float less than MIN_NORMAL,
+                    // we convert to a denorm fp16
+                    m = m | 0x800000;
+                    int shift = 14 - e;
+                    outM = m >> shift;
+
+                    int lowm = m & ((1 << shift) - 1);
+                    int hway = 1 << (shift - 1);
+                    // if above halfway or exactly halfway and outM is odd
+                    if (lowm + (outM & 1) > hway){
+                        // Round to nearest even
+                        // Can overflow into exponent bit, which surprisingly is OK.
+                        // This increment relies on the +outM in the return statement below
+                        outM++;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                outE = e;
+                outM = m >> 13;
+                // if above halfway or exactly halfway and outM is odd
+                if ((m & 0x1fff) + (outM & 0x1) > 0x1000) {
+                    // Round to nearest even
+                    // Can overflow into exponent bit, which surprisingly is OK.
+                    // This increment relies on the +outM in the return statement below
+                    outM++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // The outM is added here as the +1 increments for outM above can
+        // cause an overflow in the exponent bit which is OK.
+        return (short) ((s << SIGN_SHIFT) | (outE << EXPONENT_SHIFT) + outM);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p>Returns a hexadecimal string representation of the specified half-precision
+     * float value. If the value is a NaN, the result is <code>"NaN"</code>,
+     * otherwise the result follows this format:</p>
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the sign is positive, no sign character appears in the result</li>
+     * <li>If the sign is negative, the first character is <code>'-'</code></li>
+     * <li>If the value is inifinity, the string is <code>"Infinity"</code></li>
+     * <li>If the value is 0, the string is <code>"0x0.0p0"</code></li>
+     * <li>If the value has a normalized representation, the exponent and
+     * significand are represented in the string in two fields. The significand
+     * starts with <code>"0x1."</code> followed by its lowercase hexadecimal
+     * representation. Trailing zeroes are removed unless all digits are 0, then
+     * a single zero is used. The significand representation is followed by the
+     * exponent, represented by <code>"p"</code>, itself followed by a decimal
+     * string of the unbiased exponent</li>
+     * <li>If the value has a subnormal representation, the significand starts
+     * with <code>"0x0."</code> followed by its lowercase hexadecimal
+     * representation. Trailing zeroes are removed unless all digits are 0, then
+     * a single zero is used. The significand representation is followed by the
+     * exponent, represented by <code>"p-14"</code></li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param h A half-precision float value
+     * @return A hexadecimal string representation of the specified value
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static String toHexString(short h) {
+        StringBuilder o = new StringBuilder();
+
+        int bits = h & 0xffff;
+        int s = (bits >>> SIGN_SHIFT    );
+        int e = (bits >>> EXPONENT_SHIFT) & SHIFTED_EXPONENT_MASK;
+        int m = (bits                   ) & SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
+
+        if (e == 0x1f) { // Infinite or NaN
+            if (m == 0) {
+                if (s != 0) o.append('-');
+                o.append("Infinity");
+            } else {
+                o.append("NaN");
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (s == 1) o.append('-');
+            if (e == 0) {
+                if (m == 0) {
+                    o.append("0x0.0p0");
+                } else {
+                    o.append("0x0.");
+                    String significand = Integer.toHexString(m);
+                    o.append(significand.replaceFirst("0{2,}$", ""));
+                    o.append("p-14");
+                }
+            } else {
+                o.append("0x1.");
+                String significand = Integer.toHexString(m);
+                o.append(significand.replaceFirst("0{2,}$", ""));
+                o.append('p');
+                o.append(Integer.toString(e - EXPONENT_BIAS));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return o.toString();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ravenwood/scripts/remove-ravenizer-output.sh b/ravenwood/scripts/remove-ravenizer-output.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..be15b71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ravenwood/scripts/remove-ravenizer-output.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# Delete all the ravenizer output jar files from Soong's intermediate directory.
+
+# `-a -prune` is needed because otherwise find would be confused if the directory disappears.
+
+find "${ANDROID_BUILD_TOP:?}/out/soong/.intermediates/" \
+    -type d \
+    -name 'ravenizer' \
+    -print \
+    -exec rm -fr \{\} \; \
+    -a -prune
diff --git a/ravenwood/texts/ravenwood-annotation-allowed-classes.txt b/ravenwood/texts/ravenwood-annotation-allowed-classes.txt
index d8366c5..34239b8 100644
--- a/ravenwood/texts/ravenwood-annotation-allowed-classes.txt
+++ b/ravenwood/texts/ravenwood-annotation-allowed-classes.txt
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 android.util.EventLog
 android.util.FloatProperty
 android.util.FloatMath
+android.util.Half
 android.util.IndentingPrintWriter
 android.util.IntArray
 android.util.IntProperty
@@ -277,7 +278,11 @@
 android.graphics.Insets
 android.graphics.Interpolator
 android.graphics.Matrix
+android.graphics.Matrix44
+android.graphics.Outline
+android.graphics.ParcelableColorSpace
 android.graphics.Path
+android.graphics.PixelFormat
 android.graphics.Point
 android.graphics.PointF
 android.graphics.Rect
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Exceptions.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Exceptions.kt
index 3a7fab3..0dcd271 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Exceptions.kt
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Exceptions.kt
@@ -17,7 +17,14 @@
 
 package com.android.platform.test.ravenwood.ravenizer
 
+import com.android.hoststubgen.UserErrorException
+
 /**
  * Use it for internal exception that really shouldn't happen.
  */
 class RavenizerInternalException(message: String) : Exception(message)
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when an invalid test is detected in the target jar. (e.g. JUni3 tests)
+ */
+class RavenizerInvalidTestException(message: String) : Exception(message), UserErrorException
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Ravenizer.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Ravenizer.kt
index e92ef72..a38512e 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Ravenizer.kt
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Ravenizer.kt
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
     /** Time took to build [ClasNodes] */
     var loadStructureTime: Double = .0,
 
+    /** Time took to validate the classes */
+    var validationTime: Double = .0,
+
     /** Total real time spent for converting the jar file */
     var totalProcessTime: Double = .0,
 
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@
             RavenizerStats{
               totalTime=$totalTime,
               loadStructureTime=$loadStructureTime,
+              validationTime=$validationTime,
               totalProcessTime=$totalProcessTime,
               totalConversionTime=$totalConversionTime,
               totalCopyTime=$totalCopyTime,
@@ -84,16 +88,44 @@
 class Ravenizer(val options: RavenizerOptions) {
     fun run() {
         val stats = RavenizerStats()
+
+        val fatalValidation = options.fatalValidation.get
+
         stats.totalTime = log.nTime {
-            process(options.inJar.get, options.outJar.get, stats)
+            process(
+                options.inJar.get,
+                options.outJar.get,
+                options.enableValidation.get,
+                fatalValidation,
+                stats,
+            )
         }
         log.i(stats.toString())
     }
 
-    private fun process(inJar: String, outJar: String, stats: RavenizerStats) {
+    private fun process(
+        inJar: String,
+        outJar: String,
+        enableValidation: Boolean,
+        fatalValidation: Boolean,
+        stats: RavenizerStats,
+    ) {
         var allClasses = ClassNodes.loadClassStructures(inJar) {
             time -> stats.loadStructureTime = time
         }
+        if (enableValidation) {
+            stats.validationTime = log.iTime("Validating classes") {
+                if (!validateClasses(allClasses)) {
+                    var message = "Invalid test class(es) detected." +
+                            " See error log for details."
+                    if (fatalValidation) {
+                        throw RavenizerInvalidTestException(message)
+                    } else {
+                        log.w("Warning: $message")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
         stats.totalProcessTime = log.iTime("$executableName processing $inJar") {
             ZipFile(inJar).use { inZip ->
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/RavenizerOptions.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/RavenizerOptions.kt
index e85e3be..e8341e5 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/RavenizerOptions.kt
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/RavenizerOptions.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,12 @@
 
     /** Output jar file */
     var outJar: SetOnce<String> = SetOnce(""),
+
+    /** Whether to enable test validation. */
+    var enableValidation: SetOnce<Boolean> = SetOnce(true),
+
+    /** Whether the validation failure is fatal or not. */
+    var fatalValidation: SetOnce<Boolean> = SetOnce(false),
 ) {
     companion object {
         fun parseArgs(args: Array<String>): RavenizerOptions {
@@ -52,6 +58,12 @@
                         "--in-jar" -> ret.inJar.set(nextArg()).ensureFileExists()
                         "--out-jar" -> ret.outJar.set(nextArg())
 
+                        "--enable-validation" -> ret.enableValidation.set(true)
+                        "--disable-validation" -> ret.enableValidation.set(false)
+
+                        "--fatal-validation" -> ret.fatalValidation.set(true)
+                        "--no-fatal-validation" -> ret.fatalValidation.set(false)
+
                         else -> throw ArgumentsException("Unknown option: $arg")
                     }
                 } catch (e: SetOnce.SetMoreThanOnceException) {
@@ -74,6 +86,8 @@
             RavenizerOptions{
               inJar=$inJar,
               outJar=$outJar,
+              enableValidation=$enableValidation,
+              fatalValidation=$fatalValidation,
             }
             """.trimIndent()
     }
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Utils.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Utils.kt
index e026e7a..059f5a4 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Utils.kt
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Utils.kt
@@ -87,9 +87,12 @@
     return this.startsWithAny(
         "java/", // just in case...
         "javax/",
+        "junit/",
         "org/junit/",
         "org/mockito/",
         "kotlin/",
+        "androidx/",
+        "android/support/",
         // TODO -- anything else?
     )
 }
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Validator.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Validator.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27092d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/Validator.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.platform.test.ravenwood.ravenizer
+
+import com.android.hoststubgen.asm.ClassNodes
+import com.android.hoststubgen.asm.startsWithAny
+import com.android.hoststubgen.asm.toHumanReadableClassName
+import com.android.hoststubgen.log
+import org.objectweb.asm.tree.ClassNode
+
+fun validateClasses(classes: ClassNodes): Boolean {
+    var allOk = true
+    classes.forEach { allOk = checkClass(it, classes) && allOk }
+
+    return allOk
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate a class.
+ *
+ * - A test class shouldn't extend
+ *
+ */
+fun checkClass(cn: ClassNode, classes: ClassNodes): Boolean {
+    if (cn.name.shouldByBypassed()) {
+        // Class doesn't need to be checked.
+        return true
+    }
+    var allOk = true
+
+    // See if there's any class that extends a legacy base class.
+    // But ignore the base classes in android.test.
+    if (!cn.name.startsWithAny("android/test/")) {
+        allOk = checkSuperClass(cn, cn, classes) && allOk
+    }
+    return allOk
+}
+
+fun checkSuperClass(targetClass: ClassNode, currentClass: ClassNode, classes: ClassNodes): Boolean {
+    if (currentClass.superName == null || currentClass.superName == "java/lang/Object") {
+        return true // No parent class
+    }
+    if (currentClass.superName.isLegacyTestBaseClass()) {
+        log.e("Error: Class ${targetClass.name.toHumanReadableClassName()} extends"
+                + " a legacy test class ${currentClass.superName.toHumanReadableClassName()}.")
+        return false
+    }
+    classes.findClass(currentClass.superName)?.let {
+        return checkSuperClass(targetClass, it, classes)
+    }
+    // Super class not found.
+    // log.w("Class ${currentClass.superName} not found.")
+    return true
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a class internal name is a known legacy test base class.
+ */
+fun String.isLegacyTestBaseClass(): Boolean {
+    return this.startsWithAny(
+        "junit/framework/TestCase",
+
+        // In case the test doesn't statically include JUnit, we need
+        "android/test/AndroidTestCase",
+        "android/test/InstrumentationTestCase",
+        "android/test/InstrumentationTestSuite",
+    )
+}
diff --git a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/adapter/RunnerRewritingAdapter.kt b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/adapter/RunnerRewritingAdapter.kt
index 25cad02..dc934eb 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/adapter/RunnerRewritingAdapter.kt
+++ b/ravenwood/tools/ravenizer/src/com/android/platform/test/ravenwood/ravenizer/adapter/RunnerRewritingAdapter.kt
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
             av.visit("value", ravenwoodTestRunnerType.type)
             av.visitEnd()
         }
-        log.d("Processed ${classInternalName.toHumanReadableClassName()}")
+        log.i("Update the @RunWith: ${classInternalName.toHumanReadableClassName()}")
     }
 
     /*
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CasResource.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CasResource.java
index 440d251..eb5361c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CasResource.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CasResource.java
@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@
  * @hide
  */
 public class CasResource {
+    /**
+     * Handle of the current resource. Should not be changed and should be aligned with the driver
+     * level implementation.
+     */
+    final int mHandle;
 
     private final int mSystemId;
 
@@ -39,11 +44,16 @@
     private Map<Integer, Integer> mOwnerClientIdsToSessionNum = new HashMap<>();
 
     CasResource(Builder builder) {
+        this.mHandle = builder.mHandle;
         this.mSystemId = builder.mSystemId;
         this.mMaxSessionNum = builder.mMaxSessionNum;
         this.mAvailableSessionNum = builder.mMaxSessionNum;
     }
 
+    public int getHandle() {
+        return mHandle;
+    }
+
     public int getSystemId() {
         return mSystemId;
     }
@@ -136,10 +146,12 @@
      */
     public static class Builder {
 
+        private final int mHandle;
         private int mSystemId;
         protected int mMaxSessionNum;
 
-        Builder(int systemId) {
+        Builder(int handle, int systemId) {
+            this.mHandle = handle;
             this.mSystemId = systemId;
         }
 
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CiCamResource.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CiCamResource.java
index 31149f3..5cef729 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CiCamResource.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/CiCamResource.java
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@
      * Builder class for {@link CiCamResource}.
      */
     public static class Builder extends CasResource.Builder {
-        Builder(int systemId) {
-            super(systemId);
+        Builder(int handle, int systemId) {
+            super(handle, systemId);
         }
 
         /**
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerService.java
index 0afb049..9229f7f 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerService.java
@@ -203,13 +203,7 @@
         @Override
         public void unregisterClientProfile(int clientId) throws RemoteException {
             enforceTrmAccessPermission("unregisterClientProfile");
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(clientId)) {
-                    Slog.e(TAG, "Unregistering non exists client:" + clientId);
-                    return;
-                }
-                unregisterClientProfileInternal(clientId);
-            }
+            unregisterClientProfileInternal(clientId);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -291,20 +285,7 @@
                 Slog.e(TAG, "frontendHandle can't be null");
                 return false;
             }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
-                    Slog.e(TAG, "Request frontend from unregistered client: "
-                            + request.clientId);
-                    return false;
-                }
-                // If the request client is holding or sharing a frontend, throw an exception.
-                if (!getClientProfile(request.clientId).getInUseFrontendHandles().isEmpty()) {
-                    Slog.e(TAG, "Release frontend before requesting another one. Client id: "
-                            + request.clientId);
-                    return false;
-                }
-                return requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle);
-            }
+            return requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -376,13 +357,7 @@
             if (demuxHandle == null) {
                 throw new RemoteException("demuxHandle can't be null");
             }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Request demux from unregistered client:"
-                            + request.clientId);
-                }
-                return requestDemuxInternal(request, demuxHandle);
-            }
+            return requestDemuxInternal(request, demuxHandle);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -409,13 +384,7 @@
             if (casSessionHandle == null) {
                 throw new RemoteException("casSessionHandle can't be null");
             }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Request cas from unregistered client:"
-                            + request.clientId);
-                }
-                return requestCasSessionInternal(request, casSessionHandle);
-            }
+            return requestCasSessionInternal(request, casSessionHandle);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -425,13 +394,7 @@
             if (ciCamHandle == null) {
                 throw new RemoteException("ciCamHandle can't be null");
             }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Request ciCam from unregistered client:"
-                            + request.clientId);
-                }
-                return requestCiCamInternal(request, ciCamHandle);
-            }
+            return requestCiCamInternal(request, ciCamHandle);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -442,42 +405,14 @@
             if (lnbHandle == null) {
                 throw new RemoteException("lnbHandle can't be null");
             }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Request lnb from unregistered client:"
-                            + request.clientId);
-                }
-                return requestLnbInternal(request, lnbHandle);
-            }
+            return requestLnbInternal(request, lnbHandle);
         }
 
         @Override
         public void releaseFrontend(int frontendHandle, int clientId) throws RemoteException {
             enforceTunerAccessPermission("releaseFrontend");
             enforceTrmAccessPermission("releaseFrontend");
-            if (!validateResourceHandle(TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND,
-                    frontendHandle)) {
-                throw new RemoteException("frontendHandle can't be invalid");
-            }
-            synchronized (mLock) {
-                if (!checkClientExists(clientId)) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Release frontend from unregistered client:"
-                            + clientId);
-                }
-                FrontendResource fe = getFrontendResource(frontendHandle);
-                if (fe == null) {
-                    throw new RemoteException("Releasing frontend does not exist.");
-                }
-                int ownerClientId = fe.getOwnerClientId();
-                ClientProfile ownerProfile = getClientProfile(ownerClientId);
-                if (ownerClientId != clientId
-                        && (ownerProfile != null
-                              && !ownerProfile.getShareFeClientIds().contains(clientId))) {
-                    throw new RemoteException(
-                            "Client is not the current owner of the releasing fe.");
-                }
-                releaseFrontendInternal(fe, clientId);
-            }
+            releaseFrontendInternal(frontendHandle, clientId);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -746,17 +681,23 @@
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected void unregisterClientProfileInternal(int clientId) {
-        if (DEBUG) {
-            Slog.d(TAG, "unregisterClientProfile(clientId=" + clientId + ")");
-        }
-        removeClientProfile(clientId);
-        // Remove the Media Resource Manager callingPid to tvAppId mapping
-        if (mMediaResourceManager != null) {
-            try {
-                mMediaResourceManager.overridePid(Binder.getCallingPid(), -1);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
-                Slog.e(TAG, "Could not overridePid in resourceManagerSercice when unregister,"
-                        + " remote exception: " + e);
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(clientId)) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "Unregistering non exists client:" + clientId);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (DEBUG) {
+                Slog.d(TAG, "unregisterClientProfile(clientId=" + clientId + ")");
+            }
+            removeClientProfile(clientId);
+            // Remove the Media Resource Manager callingPid to tvAppId mapping
+            if (mMediaResourceManager != null) {
+                try {
+                    mMediaResourceManager.overridePid(Binder.getCallingPid(), -1);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Could not overridePid in resourceManagerSercice when unregister,"
+                            + " remote exception: " + e);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -992,10 +933,14 @@
             return;
         }
         // Add the new Cas Resource.
-        cas = new CasResource.Builder(casSystemId)
+        int casSessionHandle = generateResourceHandle(
+                TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_CAS_SESSION, casSystemId);
+        cas = new CasResource.Builder(casSessionHandle, casSystemId)
                              .maxSessionNum(maxSessionNum)
                              .build();
-        ciCam = new CiCamResource.Builder(casSystemId)
+        int ciCamHandle = generateResourceHandle(
+                TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND_CICAM, casSystemId);
+        ciCam = new CiCamResource.Builder(ciCamHandle, casSystemId)
                              .maxSessionNum(maxSessionNum)
                              .build();
         addCasResource(cas);
@@ -1007,86 +952,120 @@
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "requestFrontend(request=" + request + ")");
         }
-
-        frontendHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
-        // TODO: check if this is really needed
-        if (requestClient == null) {
+        int[] reclaimOwnerId = new int[1];
+        if (!claimFrontend(request, frontendHandle, reclaimOwnerId)) {
             return false;
         }
-        clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
-        int grantingFrontendHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        int inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        // Priority max value is 1000
-        int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
-        boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
-        // If the desired frontend id was specified, we only need to check the frontend.
-        boolean hasDesiredFrontend = request.desiredId != TunerFrontendRequest.DEFAULT_DESIRED_ID;
-        for (FrontendResource fr : getFrontendResources().values()) {
-            int frontendId = getResourceIdFromHandle(fr.getHandle());
-            if (fr.getType() == request.frontendType
-                    && (!hasDesiredFrontend || frontendId == request.desiredId)) {
-                if (!fr.isInUse()) {
-                    // Unused resource cannot be acquired if the max is already reached, but
-                    // TRM still has to look for the reclaim candidate
-                    if (isFrontendMaxNumUseReached(request.frontendType)) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    // Grant unused frontend with no exclusive group members first.
-                    if (fr.getExclusiveGroupMemberFeHandles().isEmpty()) {
-                        grantingFrontendHandle = fr.getHandle();
-                        break;
-                    } else if (grantingFrontendHandle
-                            == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
-                        // Grant the unused frontend with lower id first if all the unused
-                        // frontends have exclusive group members.
-                        grantingFrontendHandle = fr.getHandle();
-                    }
-                } else if (grantingFrontendHandle == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
-                    // Record the frontend id with the lowest client priority among all the
-                    // in use frontends when no available frontend has been found.
-                    int priority = getFrontendHighestClientPriority(fr.getOwnerClientId());
-                    if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
-                        // we need to check the max used num if the target frontend type is not
-                        // currently in primary use (and simply blocked due to exclusive group)
-                        ClientProfile targetOwnerProfile = getClientProfile(fr.getOwnerClientId());
-                        int primaryFeId = targetOwnerProfile.getPrimaryFrontend();
-                        FrontendResource primaryFe = getFrontendResource(primaryFeId);
-                        if (fr.getType() != primaryFe.getType()
-                                && isFrontendMaxNumUseReached(fr.getType())) {
+        if (frontendHandle[0] == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (reclaimOwnerId[0] != INVALID_CLIENT_ID) {
+            if (!reclaimResource(reclaimOwnerId[0], TunerResourceManager
+                    .TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (getFrontendResource(frontendHandle[0]).isInUse()) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Reclaimed frontend still in use");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                updateFrontendClientMappingOnNewGrant(frontendHandle[0], request.clientId);
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected boolean claimFrontend(
+            TunerFrontendRequest request,
+            int[] frontendHandle,
+            int[] reclaimOwnerId
+    ) {
+        frontendHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
+        reclaimOwnerId[0] = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "Request frontend from unregistered client: "
+                        + request.clientId);
+                return false;
+            }
+            // If the request client is holding or sharing a frontend, throw an exception.
+            if (!getClientProfile(request.clientId).getInUseFrontendHandles().isEmpty()) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "Release frontend before requesting another one. Client id: "
+                        + request.clientId);
+                return false;
+            }
+            ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
+            clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
+            FrontendResource grantingFrontend = null;
+            FrontendResource inUseLowestPriorityFrontend = null;
+            // Priority max value is 1000
+            int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
+            boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
+            // If the desired frontend id was specified, we only need to check the frontend.
+            boolean hasDesiredFrontend = request.desiredId != TunerFrontendRequest
+                    .DEFAULT_DESIRED_ID;
+            for (FrontendResource fr : getFrontendResources().values()) {
+                int frontendId = getResourceIdFromHandle(fr.getHandle());
+                if (fr.getType() == request.frontendType
+                        && (!hasDesiredFrontend || frontendId == request.desiredId)) {
+                    if (!fr.isInUse()) {
+                        // Unused resource cannot be acquired if the max is already reached, but
+                        // TRM still has to look for the reclaim candidate
+                        if (isFrontendMaxNumUseReached(request.frontendType)) {
                             continue;
                         }
-                        // update the target frontend
-                        inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle = fr.getHandle();
-                        currentLowestPriority = priority;
-                        isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
-                            == (getClientProfile(fr.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
+                        // Grant unused frontend with no exclusive group members first.
+                        if (fr.getExclusiveGroupMemberFeHandles().isEmpty()) {
+                            grantingFrontend = fr;
+                            break;
+                        } else if (grantingFrontend == null) {
+                            // Grant the unused frontend with lower id first if all the unused
+                            // frontends have exclusive group members.
+                            grantingFrontend = fr;
+                        }
+                    } else if (grantingFrontend == null) {
+                        // Record the frontend id with the lowest client priority among all the
+                        // in use frontends when no available frontend has been found.
+                        int priority = getFrontendHighestClientPriority(fr.getOwnerClientId());
+                        if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
+                            // we need to check the max used num if the target frontend type is not
+                            // currently in primary use (and simply blocked due to exclusive group)
+                            ClientProfile targetOwnerProfile =
+                                    getClientProfile(fr.getOwnerClientId());
+                            int primaryFeId = targetOwnerProfile.getPrimaryFrontend();
+                            FrontendResource primaryFe = getFrontendResource(primaryFeId);
+                            if (fr.getType() != primaryFe.getType()
+                                    && isFrontendMaxNumUseReached(fr.getType())) {
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            // update the target frontend
+                            inUseLowestPriorityFrontend = fr;
+                            currentLowestPriority = priority;
+                            isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
+                                == (getClientProfile(fr.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        // Grant frontend when there is unused resource.
-        if (grantingFrontendHandle != TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
-            frontendHandle[0] = grantingFrontendHandle;
-            updateFrontendClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingFrontendHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
-        // request client has higher priority.
-        if (inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle != TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE
-            && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority) || (
-            (requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority) && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
-            if (!reclaimResource(
-                    getFrontendResource(inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle).getOwnerClientId(),
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND)) {
-                return false;
+            // Grant frontend when there is unused resource.
+            if (grantingFrontend != null) {
+                updateFrontendClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingFrontend.getHandle(),
+                        request.clientId);
+                frontendHandle[0] = grantingFrontend.getHandle();
+                return true;
             }
-            frontendHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle;
-            updateFrontendClientMappingOnNewGrant(
-                    inUseLowestPriorityFrHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+
+            // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
+            // request client has higher priority.
+            if (inUseLowestPriorityFrontend != null
+                    && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority)
+                    || ((requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
+                    && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
+                frontendHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityFrontend.getHandle();
+                reclaimOwnerId[0] = inUseLowestPriorityFrontend.getOwnerClientId();
+                return true;
+            }
         }
 
         return false;
@@ -1192,165 +1171,257 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected boolean requestLnbInternal(TunerLnbRequest request, int[] lnbHandle) {
+    protected boolean requestLnbInternal(TunerLnbRequest request, int[] lnbHandle)
+            throws RemoteException {
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "requestLnb(request=" + request + ")");
         }
-
-        lnbHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
-        clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
-        int grantingLnbHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        int inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        // Priority max value is 1000
-        int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
-        boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
-        for (LnbResource lnb : getLnbResources().values()) {
-            if (!lnb.isInUse()) {
-                // Grant the unused lnb with lower handle first
-                grantingLnbHandle = lnb.getHandle();
-                break;
-            } else {
-                // Record the lnb id with the lowest client priority among all the
-                // in use lnb when no available lnb has been found.
-                int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(lnb.getOwnerClientId());
-                if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
-                    inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle = lnb.getHandle();
-                    currentLowestPriority = priority;
-                    isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
-                        == (getClientProfile(lnb.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
-                }
-            }
+        int[] reclaimOwnerId = new int[1];
+        if (!claimLnb(request, lnbHandle, reclaimOwnerId)) {
+            return false;
         }
-
-        // Grant Lnb when there is unused resource.
-        if (grantingLnbHandle > -1) {
-            lnbHandle[0] = grantingLnbHandle;
-            updateLnbClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingLnbHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+        if (lnbHandle[0] == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
         }
-
-        // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
-        // request client has higher priority.
-        if (inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle > TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE
-            && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority) || (
-            (requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority) && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
-            if (!reclaimResource(getLnbResource(inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle).getOwnerClientId(),
+        if (reclaimOwnerId[0] != INVALID_CLIENT_ID) {
+            if (!reclaimResource(reclaimOwnerId[0],
                     TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_LNB)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            lnbHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle;
-            updateLnbClientMappingOnNewGrant(inUseLowestPriorityLnbHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (getLnbResource(lnbHandle[0]).isInUse()) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Reclaimed lnb still in use");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                updateLnbClientMappingOnNewGrant(lnbHandle[0], request.clientId);
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected boolean claimLnb(TunerLnbRequest request, int[] lnbHandle, int[] reclaimOwnerId)
+            throws RemoteException {
+        lnbHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
+        reclaimOwnerId[0] = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Request lnb from unregistered client:"
+                        + request.clientId);
+            }
+            ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
+            clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
+            LnbResource grantingLnb = null;
+            LnbResource inUseLowestPriorityLnb = null;
+            // Priority max value is 1000
+            int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
+            boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
+            for (LnbResource lnb : getLnbResources().values()) {
+                if (!lnb.isInUse()) {
+                    // Grant the unused lnb with lower handle first
+                    grantingLnb = lnb;
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    // Record the lnb id with the lowest client priority among all the
+                    // in use lnb when no available lnb has been found.
+                    int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(lnb.getOwnerClientId());
+                    if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
+                        inUseLowestPriorityLnb = lnb;
+                        currentLowestPriority = priority;
+                        isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
+                            == (getClientProfile(lnb.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Grant Lnb when there is unused resource.
+            if (grantingLnb != null) {
+                updateLnbClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingLnb.getHandle(), request.clientId);
+                lnbHandle[0] = grantingLnb.getHandle();
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
+            // request client has higher priority.
+            if (inUseLowestPriorityLnb != null
+                    && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority) || (
+                    (requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
+                        && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
+                lnbHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityLnb.getHandle();
+                reclaimOwnerId[0] = inUseLowestPriorityLnb.getOwnerClientId();
+                return true;
+            }
         }
 
         return false;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected boolean requestCasSessionInternal(CasSessionRequest request, int[] casSessionHandle) {
+    protected boolean requestCasSessionInternal(CasSessionRequest request, int[] casSessionHandle)
+            throws RemoteException {
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "requestCasSession(request=" + request + ")");
         }
-        CasResource cas = getCasResource(request.casSystemId);
-        // Unregistered Cas System is treated as having unlimited sessions.
-        if (cas == null) {
-            cas = new CasResource.Builder(request.casSystemId)
-                                 .maxSessionNum(Integer.MAX_VALUE)
-                                 .build();
-            addCasResource(cas);
+        int[] reclaimOwnerId = new int[1];
+        if (!claimCasSession(request, casSessionHandle, reclaimOwnerId)) {
+            return false;
         }
-        casSessionHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
-        clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
-        int lowestPriorityOwnerId = -1;
-        // Priority max value is 1000
-        int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
-        boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
-        if (!cas.isFullyUsed()) {
-            casSessionHandle[0] = generateResourceHandle(
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_CAS_SESSION, cas.getSystemId());
-            updateCasClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.casSystemId, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+        if (casSessionHandle[0] == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
         }
-        for (int ownerId : cas.getOwnerClientIds()) {
-            // Record the client id with lowest priority that is using the current Cas system.
-            int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(ownerId);
-            if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
-                lowestPriorityOwnerId = ownerId;
-                currentLowestPriority = priority;
-                isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
-                    == (getClientProfile(ownerId)).getProcessId());
-            }
-        }
-
-        // When all the Cas sessions are occupied, reclaim the lowest priority client if the
-        // request client has higher priority.
-        if (lowestPriorityOwnerId > -1 && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority)
-        || ((requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority) && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
-            if (!reclaimResource(lowestPriorityOwnerId,
+        if (reclaimOwnerId[0] != INVALID_CLIENT_ID) {
+            if (!reclaimResource(reclaimOwnerId[0],
                     TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_CAS_SESSION)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            casSessionHandle[0] = generateResourceHandle(
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_CAS_SESSION, cas.getSystemId());
-            updateCasClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.casSystemId, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (getCasResource(request.casSystemId).isFullyUsed()) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Reclaimed cas still fully used");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                updateCasClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.casSystemId, request.clientId);
+            }
         }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected boolean claimCasSession(CasSessionRequest request, int[] casSessionHandle,
+            int[] reclaimOwnerId) throws RemoteException {
+        casSessionHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
+        reclaimOwnerId[0] = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Request cas from unregistered client:"
+                        + request.clientId);
+            }
+            CasResource cas = getCasResource(request.casSystemId);
+            // Unregistered Cas System is treated as having unlimited sessions.
+            if (cas == null) {
+                int resourceHandle = generateResourceHandle(
+                        TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_CAS_SESSION, request.clientId);
+                cas = new CasResource.Builder(resourceHandle, request.casSystemId)
+                                    .maxSessionNum(Integer.MAX_VALUE)
+                                    .build();
+                addCasResource(cas);
+            }
+            ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
+            clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
+            int lowestPriorityOwnerId = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+            // Priority max value is 1000
+            int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
+            boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
+            if (!cas.isFullyUsed()) {
+                updateCasClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.casSystemId, request.clientId);
+                casSessionHandle[0] = cas.getHandle();
+                return true;
+            }
+            for (int ownerId : cas.getOwnerClientIds()) {
+                // Record the client id with lowest priority that is using the current Cas system.
+                int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(ownerId);
+                if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
+                    lowestPriorityOwnerId = ownerId;
+                    currentLowestPriority = priority;
+                    isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
+                        == (getClientProfile(ownerId)).getProcessId());
+                }
+            }
+
+            // When all the Cas sessions are occupied, reclaim the lowest priority client if the
+            // request client has higher priority.
+            if (lowestPriorityOwnerId != INVALID_CLIENT_ID
+                    && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority)
+                    || ((requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
+                    && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
+                casSessionHandle[0] = cas.getHandle();
+                reclaimOwnerId[0] = lowestPriorityOwnerId;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
         return false;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected boolean requestCiCamInternal(TunerCiCamRequest request, int[] ciCamHandle) {
+    protected boolean requestCiCamInternal(TunerCiCamRequest request, int[] ciCamHandle)
+            throws RemoteException {
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "requestCiCamInternal(TunerCiCamRequest=" + request + ")");
         }
-        CiCamResource ciCam = getCiCamResource(request.ciCamId);
-        // Unregistered Cas System is treated as having unlimited sessions.
-        if (ciCam == null) {
-            ciCam = new CiCamResource.Builder(request.ciCamId)
-                                     .maxSessionNum(Integer.MAX_VALUE)
-                                     .build();
-            addCiCamResource(ciCam);
+        int[] reclaimOwnerId = new int[1];
+        if (!claimCiCam(request, ciCamHandle, reclaimOwnerId)) {
+            return false;
         }
-        ciCamHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
-        clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
-        int lowestPriorityOwnerId = -1;
-        // Priority max value is 1000
-        int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
-        boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
-        if (!ciCam.isFullyUsed()) {
-            ciCamHandle[0] = generateResourceHandle(
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND_CICAM, ciCam.getCiCamId());
-            updateCiCamClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.ciCamId, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+        if (ciCamHandle[0] == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
         }
-        for (int ownerId : ciCam.getOwnerClientIds()) {
-            // Record the client id with lowest priority that is using the current Cas system.
-            int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(ownerId);
-            if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
-                lowestPriorityOwnerId = ownerId;
-                currentLowestPriority = priority;
-                isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
-                    == (getClientProfile(ownerId)).getProcessId());
-            }
-        }
-
-        // When all the CiCam sessions are occupied, reclaim the lowest priority client if the
-        // request client has higher priority.
-        if (lowestPriorityOwnerId > -1 && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority)
-            || ((requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
-                && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
-            if (!reclaimResource(lowestPriorityOwnerId,
+        if (reclaimOwnerId[0] != INVALID_CLIENT_ID) {
+            if (!reclaimResource(reclaimOwnerId[0],
                     TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND_CICAM)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            ciCamHandle[0] = generateResourceHandle(
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND_CICAM, ciCam.getCiCamId());
-            updateCiCamClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.ciCamId, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (getCiCamResource(request.ciCamId).isFullyUsed()) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Reclaimed ciCam still fully used");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                updateCiCamClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.ciCamId, request.clientId);
+            }
         }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected boolean claimCiCam(TunerCiCamRequest request, int[] ciCamHandle,
+            int[] reclaimOwnerId) throws RemoteException {
+        ciCamHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
+        reclaimOwnerId[0] = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Request ciCam from unregistered client:"
+                        + request.clientId);
+            }
+            CiCamResource ciCam = getCiCamResource(request.ciCamId);
+            // Unregistered CiCam is treated as having unlimited sessions.
+            if (ciCam == null) {
+                int resourceHandle = generateResourceHandle(
+                        TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND_CICAM, request.ciCamId);
+                ciCam = new CiCamResource.Builder(resourceHandle, request.ciCamId)
+                                    .maxSessionNum(Integer.MAX_VALUE)
+                                    .build();
+                addCiCamResource(ciCam);
+            }
+            ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
+            clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
+            int lowestPriorityOwnerId = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+            // Priority max value is 1000
+            int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
+            boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
+            if (!ciCam.isFullyUsed()) {
+                updateCiCamClientMappingOnNewGrant(request.ciCamId, request.clientId);
+                ciCamHandle[0] = ciCam.getHandle();
+                return true;
+            }
+            for (int ownerId : ciCam.getOwnerClientIds()) {
+                // Record the client id with lowest priority that is using the current CiCam.
+                int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(ownerId);
+                if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
+                    lowestPriorityOwnerId = ownerId;
+                    currentLowestPriority = priority;
+                    isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
+                        == (getClientProfile(ownerId)).getProcessId());
+                }
+            }
+
+            // When all the CiCam sessions are occupied, reclaim the lowest priority client if the
+            // request client has higher priority.
+            if (lowestPriorityOwnerId != INVALID_CLIENT_ID
+                    && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority)
+                    || ((requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
+                    && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
+                ciCamHandle[0] = ciCam.getHandle();
+                reclaimOwnerId[0] = lowestPriorityOwnerId;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1383,20 +1454,49 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected void releaseFrontendInternal(FrontendResource fe, int clientId) {
+    protected void releaseFrontendInternal(int frontendHandle, int clientId)
+            throws RemoteException {
         if (DEBUG) {
-            Slog.d(TAG, "releaseFrontend(id=" + fe.getHandle() + ", clientId=" + clientId + " )");
+            Slog.d(TAG, "releaseFrontend(id=" + frontendHandle + ", clientId=" + clientId + " )");
         }
-        if (clientId == fe.getOwnerClientId()) {
-            ClientProfile ownerClient = getClientProfile(fe.getOwnerClientId());
-            if (ownerClient != null) {
-                for (int shareOwnerId : ownerClient.getShareFeClientIds()) {
-                    reclaimResource(shareOwnerId,
-                            TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND);
+        if (!validateResourceHandle(TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND,
+                frontendHandle)) {
+            throw new RemoteException("frontendHandle can't be invalid");
+        }
+        Set<Integer> reclaimedResourceOwnerIds = unclaimFrontend(frontendHandle, clientId);
+        if (reclaimedResourceOwnerIds != null) {
+            for (int shareOwnerId : reclaimedResourceOwnerIds) {
+                reclaimResource(shareOwnerId,
+                        TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_FRONTEND);
+            }
+        }
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            clearFrontendAndClientMapping(getClientProfile(clientId));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Set<Integer> unclaimFrontend(int frontendHandle, int clientId) throws RemoteException {
+        Set<Integer> reclaimedResourceOwnerIds = null;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(clientId)) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Release frontend from unregistered client:"
+                        + clientId);
+            }
+            FrontendResource fe = getFrontendResource(frontendHandle);
+            if (fe == null) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Releasing frontend does not exist.");
+            }
+            int ownerClientId = fe.getOwnerClientId();
+            ClientProfile ownerProfile = getClientProfile(ownerClientId);
+            if (ownerClientId == clientId) {
+                reclaimedResourceOwnerIds = ownerProfile.getShareFeClientIds();
+            } else {
+                if (!ownerProfile.getShareFeClientIds().contains(clientId)) {
+                    throw new RemoteException("Client is not a sharee of the releasing fe.");
                 }
             }
         }
-        clearFrontendAndClientMapping(getClientProfile(clientId));
+        return reclaimedResourceOwnerIds;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -1432,103 +1532,129 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    protected boolean requestDemuxInternal(TunerDemuxRequest request, int[] demuxHandle) {
+    public boolean requestDemuxInternal(@NonNull TunerDemuxRequest request,
+                @NonNull int[] demuxHandle) throws RemoteException {
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "requestDemux(request=" + request + ")");
         }
-
-        // For Tuner 2.0 and below or any HW constraint devices that are unable to support
-        // ITuner.openDemuxById(), demux resources are not really managed under TRM and
-        // mDemuxResources.size() will be zero
-        if (mDemuxResources.size() == 0) {
-            // There are enough Demux resources, so we don't manage Demux in R.
-            demuxHandle[0] =
-                    generateResourceHandle(TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_DEMUX, 0);
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        demuxHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
-
-        if (requestClient == null) {
+        int[] reclaimOwnerId = new int[1];
+        if (!claimDemux(request, demuxHandle, reclaimOwnerId)) {
             return false;
         }
+        if (demuxHandle[0] == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (reclaimOwnerId[0] != INVALID_CLIENT_ID) {
+            if (!reclaimResource(reclaimOwnerId[0],
+                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_DEMUX)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (getDemuxResource(demuxHandle[0]).isInUse()) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Reclaimed demux still in use");
+                    return false;
+                }
+                updateDemuxClientMappingOnNewGrant(demuxHandle[0], request.clientId);
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 
-        clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
-        int grantingDemuxHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        int inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
-        // Priority max value is 1000
-        int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
-        boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
-        // If the desired demux id was specified, we only need to check the demux.
-        boolean hasDesiredDemuxCap = request.desiredFilterTypes
-                != DemuxFilterMainType.UNDEFINED;
-        int smallestNumOfSupportedCaps = Integer.SIZE + 1;
-        int smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = Integer.SIZE + 1;
-        for (DemuxResource dr : getDemuxResources().values()) {
-            if (!hasDesiredDemuxCap || dr.hasSufficientCaps(request.desiredFilterTypes)) {
-                if (!dr.isInUse()) {
-                    int numOfSupportedCaps = dr.getNumOfCaps();
+    protected boolean claimDemux(TunerDemuxRequest request, int[] demuxHandle, int[] reclaimOwnerId)
+            throws RemoteException {
+        demuxHandle[0] = TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE;
+        reclaimOwnerId[0] = INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!checkClientExists(request.clientId)) {
+                throw new RemoteException("Request demux from unregistered client:"
+                        + request.clientId);
+            }
 
-                    // look for the demux with minimum caps supporting the desired caps
-                    if (smallestNumOfSupportedCaps > numOfSupportedCaps) {
-                        smallestNumOfSupportedCaps = numOfSupportedCaps;
-                        grantingDemuxHandle = dr.getHandle();
-                    }
-                } else if (grantingDemuxHandle == TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
-                    // Record the demux id with the lowest client priority among all the
-                    // in use demuxes when no availabledemux has been found.
-                    int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(dr.getOwnerClientId());
-                    if (currentLowestPriority >= priority) {
+            // For Tuner 2.0 and below or any HW constraint devices that are unable to support
+            // ITuner.openDemuxById(), demux resources are not really managed under TRM and
+            // mDemuxResources.size() will be zero
+            if (mDemuxResources.size() == 0) {
+                // There are enough Demux resources, so we don't manage Demux in R.
+                demuxHandle[0] =
+                        generateResourceHandle(TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_DEMUX, 0);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            ClientProfile requestClient = getClientProfile(request.clientId);
+            if (requestClient == null) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            clientPriorityUpdateOnRequest(requestClient);
+            DemuxResource grantingDemux = null;
+            DemuxResource inUseLowestPriorityDemux = null;
+            // Priority max value is 1000
+            int currentLowestPriority = MAX_CLIENT_PRIORITY + 1;
+            boolean isRequestFromSameProcess = false;
+            // If the desired demux id was specified, we only need to check the demux.
+            boolean hasDesiredDemuxCap = request.desiredFilterTypes
+                    != DemuxFilterMainType.UNDEFINED;
+            int smallestNumOfSupportedCaps = Integer.SIZE + 1;
+            int smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = Integer.SIZE + 1;
+            for (DemuxResource dr : getDemuxResources().values()) {
+                if (!hasDesiredDemuxCap || dr.hasSufficientCaps(request.desiredFilterTypes)) {
+                    if (!dr.isInUse()) {
                         int numOfSupportedCaps = dr.getNumOfCaps();
-                        boolean shouldUpdate = false;
-                        // update lowest priority
-                        if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
-                            currentLowestPriority = priority;
-                            isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
-                                == (getClientProfile(dr.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
 
-                            // reset the smallest caps when lower priority resource is found
-                            smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = numOfSupportedCaps;
-
-                            shouldUpdate = true;
-                        } else {
-                            // This is the case when the priority is the same as previously found
-                            // one. Update smallest caps when priority.
-                            if (smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse > numOfSupportedCaps) {
-                                smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = numOfSupportedCaps;
-                                shouldUpdate = true;
-                            }
+                        // look for the demux with minimum caps supporting the desired caps
+                        if (smallestNumOfSupportedCaps > numOfSupportedCaps) {
+                            smallestNumOfSupportedCaps = numOfSupportedCaps;
+                            grantingDemux = dr;
                         }
-                        if (shouldUpdate) {
-                            inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle = dr.getHandle();
+                    } else if (grantingDemux == null) {
+                        // Record the demux id with the lowest client priority among all the
+                        // in use demuxes when no availabledemux has been found.
+                        int priority = updateAndGetOwnerClientPriority(dr.getOwnerClientId());
+                        if (currentLowestPriority >= priority) {
+                            int numOfSupportedCaps = dr.getNumOfCaps();
+                            boolean shouldUpdate = false;
+                            // update lowest priority
+                            if (currentLowestPriority > priority) {
+                                currentLowestPriority = priority;
+                                isRequestFromSameProcess = (requestClient.getProcessId()
+                                    == (getClientProfile(dr.getOwnerClientId())).getProcessId());
+
+                                // reset the smallest caps when lower priority resource is found
+                                smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = numOfSupportedCaps;
+
+                                shouldUpdate = true;
+                            } else {
+                                // This is the case when the priority is the same as previously
+                                // found one. Update smallest caps when priority.
+                                if (smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse > numOfSupportedCaps) {
+                                    smallestNumOfSupportedCapsInUse = numOfSupportedCaps;
+                                    shouldUpdate = true;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            if (shouldUpdate) {
+                                inUseLowestPriorityDemux = dr;
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        // Grant demux when there is unused resource.
-        if (grantingDemuxHandle != TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE) {
-            demuxHandle[0] = grantingDemuxHandle;
-            updateDemuxClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingDemuxHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
-        // request client has higher priority.
-        if (inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle != TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE
-            && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority) || (
-            (requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority) && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
-            if (!reclaimResource(
-                    getDemuxResource(inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle).getOwnerClientId(),
-                    TunerResourceManager.TUNER_RESOURCE_TYPE_DEMUX)) {
-                return false;
+            // Grant demux when there is unused resource.
+            if (grantingDemux != null) {
+                updateDemuxClientMappingOnNewGrant(grantingDemux.getHandle(), request.clientId);
+                demuxHandle[0] = grantingDemux.getHandle();
+                return true;
             }
-            demuxHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle;
-            updateDemuxClientMappingOnNewGrant(
-                    inUseLowestPriorityDrHandle, request.clientId);
-            return true;
+
+            // When all the resources are occupied, grant the lowest priority resource if the
+            // request client has higher priority.
+            if (inUseLowestPriorityDemux != null
+                    && ((requestClient.getPriority() > currentLowestPriority) || (
+                    (requestClient.getPriority() == currentLowestPriority)
+                        && isRequestFromSameProcess))) {
+                demuxHandle[0] = inUseLowestPriorityDemux.getHandle();
+                reclaimOwnerId[0] = inUseLowestPriorityDemux.getOwnerClientId();
+                return true;
+            }
         }
 
         return false;
@@ -1792,7 +1918,9 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        mListeners.put(clientId, record);
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            mListeners.put(clientId, record);
+        }
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -1808,33 +1936,44 @@
 
         // Reclaim all the resources of the share owners of the frontend that is used by the current
         // resource reclaimed client.
-        ClientProfile profile = getClientProfile(reclaimingClientId);
-        // TODO: check if this check is really needed.
-        if (profile == null) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        Set<Integer> shareFeClientIds = profile.getShareFeClientIds();
-        for (int clientId : shareFeClientIds) {
-            try {
-                mListeners.get(clientId).getListener().onReclaimResources();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
-                Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to reclaim resources on client " + clientId, e);
-                return false;
+        Set<Integer> shareFeClientIds;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            ClientProfile profile = getClientProfile(reclaimingClientId);
+            if (profile == null) {
+                return true;
             }
-            clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(getClientProfile(clientId));
+            shareFeClientIds = profile.getShareFeClientIds();
+        }
+        ResourcesReclaimListenerRecord listenerRecord = null;
+        for (int clientId : shareFeClientIds) {
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                listenerRecord = mListeners.get(clientId);
+            }
+            if (listenerRecord != null) {
+                try {
+                    listenerRecord.getListener().onReclaimResources();
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to reclaim resources on client " + clientId, e);
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         if (DEBUG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "Reclaiming resources because higher priority client request resource type "
                     + resourceType + ", clientId:" + reclaimingClientId);
         }
-        try {
-            mListeners.get(reclaimingClientId).getListener().onReclaimResources();
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to reclaim resources on client " + reclaimingClientId, e);
-            return false;
+
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            listenerRecord = mListeners.get(reclaimingClientId);
         }
-        clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(profile);
+        if (listenerRecord != null) {
+            try {
+                listenerRecord.getListener().onReclaimResources();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to reclaim resources on client " + reclaimingClientId, e);
+            }
+        }
+
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -2258,6 +2397,7 @@
         addResourcesReclaimListener(clientId, listener);
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("GuardedBy") // Lock is held on mListeners
     private void removeClientProfile(int clientId) {
         for (int shareOwnerId : getClientProfile(clientId).getShareFeClientIds()) {
             clearFrontendAndClientMapping(getClientProfile(shareOwnerId));
@@ -2265,12 +2405,9 @@
         clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(getClientProfile(clientId));
         mClientProfiles.remove(clientId);
 
-        // it may be called by unregisterClientProfileInternal under test
-        synchronized (mLock) {
-            ResourcesReclaimListenerRecord record = mListeners.remove(clientId);
-            if (record != null) {
-                record.getListener().asBinder().unlinkToDeath(record, 0);
-            }            
+        ResourcesReclaimListenerRecord record = mListeners.remove(clientId);
+        if (record != null) {
+            record.getListener().asBinder().unlinkToDeath(record, 0);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2304,7 +2441,8 @@
         profile.releaseFrontend();
     }
 
-    private void clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(ClientProfile profile) {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected void clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(ClientProfile profile) {
         // TODO: check if this check is really needed. Maybe needed for reclaimResource path.
         if (profile == null) {
             return;
diff --git a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerServiceTest.java b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerServiceTest.java
index 963b27e..bf58443 100644
--- a/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerServiceTest.java
+++ b/services/tests/servicestests/src/com/android/server/tv/tunerresourcemanager/TunerResourceManagerServiceTest.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import android.media.tv.tunerresourcemanager.TunerFrontendRequest;
 import android.media.tv.tunerresourcemanager.TunerLnbRequest;
 import android.media.tv.tunerresourcemanager.TunerResourceManager;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
 
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
@@ -69,6 +70,61 @@
     private TunerResourceManagerService mTunerResourceManagerService;
     private boolean mIsForeground;
 
+    private final class TunerClient extends IResourcesReclaimListener.Stub {
+        int[] mClientId;
+        ClientProfile mProfile;
+        boolean mReclaimed;
+
+        TunerClient() {
+            mClientId = new int[1];
+            mClientId[0] = TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+        }
+
+        public void register(String sessionId, int useCase) {
+            ResourceClientProfile profile = new ResourceClientProfile();
+            profile.tvInputSessionId = sessionId;
+            profile.useCase = useCase;
+            mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
+                    profile, this, mClientId);
+            assertThat(mClientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+            mProfile = mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(mClientId[0]);
+        }
+
+        public void register(String sessionId, int useCase, int priority, int niceValue) {
+            register(sessionId, useCase);
+            mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
+                    mClientId[0], priority, niceValue);
+        }
+
+        public void register(String sessionId, int useCase, int priority) {
+            register(sessionId, useCase, priority, 0);
+        }
+
+        public void unregister() {
+            mTunerResourceManagerService.unregisterClientProfileInternal(mClientId[0]);
+            mClientId[0] = TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID;
+            mReclaimed = false;
+        }
+
+        public int getId() {
+            return mClientId[0];
+        }
+
+        public ClientProfile getProfile() {
+            return mProfile;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReclaimResources() {
+            mTunerResourceManagerService.clearAllResourcesAndClientMapping(mProfile);
+            mReclaimed = true;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isReclaimed() {
+            return mReclaimed;
+        }
+    }
+
     private static final class TestResourcesReclaimListener extends IResourcesReclaimListener.Stub {
         boolean mReclaimed;
 
@@ -247,13 +303,11 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendWithGiveTypeAvailable() {
-        ResourceClientProfile profile = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile, null /*listener*/, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendWithGiveTypeAvailable() throws RemoteException {
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[1];
@@ -262,21 +316,20 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isFalse();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(TunerResourceManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_HANDLE);
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestFrontendTest_FrontendWithNoExclusiveGroupAvailable() {
-        ResourceClientProfile profile = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile, null /*listener*/, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+    public void requestFrontendTest_FrontendWithNoExclusiveGroupAvailable() throws RemoteException {
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[3];
@@ -295,27 +348,23 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(0);
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestFrontendTest_FrontendWithExclusiveGroupAvailable() {
-        ResourceClientProfile profile0 = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        ResourceClientProfile profile1 = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile0, null /*listener*/, clientId0);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile1, null /*listener*/, clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+    public void requestFrontendTest_FrontendWithExclusiveGroupAvailable() throws RemoteException {
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[3];
@@ -335,13 +384,13 @@
 
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId1[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client1.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[0].handle);
 
         request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId0[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[1].handle);
@@ -349,31 +398,20 @@
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[2].handle).isInUse())
                 .isTrue();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendAvailable_RequestWithLowerPriority() {
+    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendAvailable_RequestWithLowerPriority()
+            throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        profiles[1] = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientPriorities = {100, 50};
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[0], listener, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId0[0], clientPriorities[0], 0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[1], new TestResourcesReclaimListener(), clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId1[0], clientPriorities[1], 0/*niceValue*/);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 100);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 50);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[2];
@@ -384,46 +422,36 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId0[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
 
         request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId1[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client1.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
 
         request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId1[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBS);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client1.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBS);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() {
+    public void requestFrontendTest_NoFrontendAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority()
+            throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        profiles[1] = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientPriorities = {100, 500};
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[0], listener, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId0[0], clientPriorities[0], 0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[1], new TestResourcesReclaimListener(), clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId1[0], clientPriorities[1], 0/*niceValue*/);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 100);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 500);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[2];
@@ -434,17 +462,16 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId0[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[0].handle);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
-                        infos[0].handle, infos[1].handle)));
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
+                .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(infos[0].handle, infos[1].handle)));
 
         request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId1[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBS);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client1.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBS);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[1].handle);
@@ -453,22 +480,20 @@
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(clientId1[0]);
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(client1.getId());
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(clientId1[0]);
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(client1.getId());
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void releaseFrontendTest_UnderTheSameExclusiveGroup() {
+    public void releaseFrontendTest_UnderTheSameExclusiveGroup() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[1];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(profiles[0], listener, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[2];
@@ -479,7 +504,7 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
@@ -488,43 +513,29 @@
                 .getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle).isInUse()).isTrue();
 
         // Release frontend
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseFrontendInternal(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getFrontendResource(frontendHandle[0]), clientId[0]);
+        mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseFrontendInternal(frontendHandle[0], client0.getId());
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .getFrontendResource(frontendHandle[0]).isInUse()).isFalse();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle).isInUse()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(clientId[0]).getInUseFrontendHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestCasTest_NoCasAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() {
+    public void requestCasTest_NoCasAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        profiles[1] = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientPriorities = {100, 500};
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[0], listener, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId0[0], clientPriorities[0], 0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[1], new TestResourcesReclaimListener(), clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId1[0], clientPriorities[1], 0/*niceValue*/);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 100);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 500);
 
         // Init cas resources.
         mTunerResourceManagerService.updateCasInfoInternal(1 /*casSystemId*/, 2 /*maxSessionNum*/);
 
-        CasSessionRequest request = casSessionRequest(clientId0[0], 1 /*casSystemId*/);
+        CasSessionRequest request = casSessionRequest(client0.getId(), 1 /*casSystemId*/);
         int[] casSessionHandle = new int[1];
         // Request for 2 cas sessions.
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
@@ -533,54 +544,45 @@
                 .requestCasSessionInternal(request, casSessionHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(casSessionHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCasSystemId())
+                .isEqualTo(1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId0[0])));
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client0.getId())));
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isTrue();
 
-        request = casSessionRequest(clientId1[0], 1);
+        request = casSessionRequest(client1.getId(), 1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestCasSessionInternal(request, casSessionHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(casSessionHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId1[0])
-                .getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
+        assertThat(client1.getProfile().getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCasSystemId())
+                .isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId1[0])));
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client1.getId())));
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestCiCamTest_NoCiCamAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() {
+    public void requestCiCamTest_NoCiCamAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority()
+            throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        profiles[1] = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientPriorities = {100, 500};
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[0], listener, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId0[0], clientPriorities[0], 0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[1], new TestResourcesReclaimListener(), clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId1[0], clientPriorities[1], 0/*niceValue*/);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 100);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 500);
 
         // Init cicam/cas resources.
         mTunerResourceManagerService.updateCasInfoInternal(1 /*casSystemId*/, 2 /*maxSessionNum*/);
 
-        TunerCiCamRequest request = tunerCiCamRequest(clientId0[0], 1 /*ciCamId*/);
+        TunerCiCamRequest request = tunerCiCamRequest(client0.getId(), 1 /*ciCamId*/);
         int[] ciCamHandle = new int[1];
         // Request for 2 ciCam sessions.
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
@@ -589,139 +591,125 @@
                 .requestCiCamInternal(request, ciCamHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(ciCamHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId0[0])));
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client0.getId())));
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isTrue();
 
-        request = tunerCiCamRequest(clientId1[0], 1);
+        request = tunerCiCamRequest(client1.getId(), 1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestCiCamInternal(request, ciCamHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(ciCamHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId1[0])
-                .getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
+        assertThat(client1.getProfile().getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCiCamId())
+                .isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId1[0])));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client1.getId())));
+        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
+                .getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void releaseCasTest() {
+    public void releaseCasTest() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[1];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(profiles[0], listener, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init cas resources.
         mTunerResourceManagerService.updateCasInfoInternal(1 /*casSystemId*/, 2 /*maxSessionNum*/);
 
-        CasSessionRequest request = casSessionRequest(clientId[0], 1 /*casSystemId*/);
+        CasSessionRequest request = casSessionRequest(client0.getId(), 1 /*casSystemId*/);
         int[] casSessionHandle = new int[1];
         // Request for 1 cas sessions.
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestCasSessionInternal(request, casSessionHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(casSessionHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId[0])
-                .getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId[0])));
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client0.getId())));
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
 
         // Release cas
         mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseCasSessionInternal(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getCasResource(1), clientId[0]);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId[0])
-                .getInUseCasSystemId()).isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
+                .getCasResource(1), client0.getId());
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCasSystemId())
+                .isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCasResource(1)
                 .getOwnerClientIds()).isEmpty();
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void releaseCiCamTest() {
+    public void releaseCiCamTest() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[1];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(profiles[0], listener, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init cas resources.
         mTunerResourceManagerService.updateCasInfoInternal(1 /*casSystemId*/, 2 /*maxSessionNum*/);
 
-        TunerCiCamRequest request = tunerCiCamRequest(clientId[0], 1 /*ciCamId*/);
+        TunerCiCamRequest request = tunerCiCamRequest(client0.getId(), 1 /*ciCamId*/);
         int[] ciCamHandle = new int[1];
         // Request for 1 ciCam sessions.
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestCiCamInternal(request, ciCamHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(ciCamHandle[0]))
                 .isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId[0])
-                .getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(1);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1)
-                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(clientId[0])));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
+                .getOwnerClientIds()).isEqualTo(
+                        new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(client0.getId())));
+        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
+                .getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
 
         // Release ciCam
         mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseCiCamInternal(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getCiCamResource(1), clientId[0]);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId[0])
-                .getInUseCiCamId()).isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
+                .getCiCamResource(1), client0.getId());
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseCiCamId())
+                .isEqualTo(ClientProfile.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID);
+        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
+                .getCiCamResource(1).isFullyUsed()).isFalse();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getCiCamResource(1)
                 .getOwnerClientIds()).isEmpty();
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestLnbTest_NoLnbAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() {
+    public void requestLnbTest_NoLnbAvailable_RequestWithHigherPriority() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        profiles[1] = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientPriorities = {100, 500};
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[0], listener, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId0[0], clientPriorities[0], 0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profiles[1], new TestResourcesReclaimListener(), clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                clientId1[0], clientPriorities[1], 0/*niceValue*/);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 100);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK, 500);
 
         // Init lnb resources.
         int[] lnbHandles = {1};
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setLnbInfoListInternal(lnbHandles);
 
         TunerLnbRequest request = new TunerLnbRequest();
-        request.clientId = clientId0[0];
+        request.clientId = client0.getId();
         int[] lnbHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestLnbInternal(request, lnbHandle)).isTrue();
         assertThat(lnbHandle[0]).isEqualTo(lnbHandles[0]);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0]).getInUseLnbHandles())
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseLnbHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(lnbHandles[0])));
 
         request = new TunerLnbRequest();
-        request.clientId = clientId1[0];
+        request.clientId = client1.getId();
 
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestLnbInternal(request, lnbHandle)).isTrue();
@@ -729,29 +717,26 @@
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getLnbResource(lnbHandles[0])
                 .isInUse()).isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getLnbResource(lnbHandles[0])
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(clientId1[0]);
-        assertThat(listener.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(clientId0[0])
-                .getInUseLnbHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(client1.getId());
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseLnbHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void releaseLnbTest() {
+    public void releaseLnbTest() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile[] profiles = new ResourceClientProfile[1];
-        profiles[0] = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(profiles[0], listener, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init lnb resources.
         int[] lnbHandles = {0};
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setLnbInfoListInternal(lnbHandles);
 
         TunerLnbRequest request = new TunerLnbRequest();
-        request.clientId = clientId[0];
+        request.clientId = client0.getId();
         int[] lnbHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestLnbInternal(request, lnbHandle)).isTrue();
@@ -762,19 +747,16 @@
                 .getLnbResource(lnbHandle[0]));
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .getLnbResource(lnbHandle[0]).isInUse()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(clientId[0]).getInUseLnbHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+        assertThat(client0.getProfile().getInUseLnbHandles().size()).isEqualTo(0);
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void unregisterClientTest_usingFrontend() {
-        // Register client
-        ResourceClientProfile profile = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile, null /*listener*/, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+    public void unregisterClientTest_usingFrontend() throws RemoteException {
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         // Init frontend resources.
         TunerFrontendInfo[] infos = new TunerFrontendInfo[2];
@@ -785,7 +767,7 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setFrontendInfoListInternal(infos);
 
         TunerFrontendRequest request =
-                tunerFrontendRequest(clientId[0] /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
+                tunerFrontendRequest(client0.getId() /*clientId*/, FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle)).isTrue();
@@ -796,26 +778,20 @@
                 .isInUse()).isTrue();
 
         // Unregister client when using frontend
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.unregisterClientProfileInternal(clientId[0]);
+        client0.unregister();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isFalse();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.checkClientExists(clientId[0])).isFalse();
-
+        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.checkClientExists(client0.getId())).isFalse();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestDemuxTest() {
-        // Register client
-        ResourceClientProfile profile0 = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        ResourceClientProfile profile1 = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile0, null /*listener*/, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+    public void requestDemuxTest() throws RemoteException {
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         TunerDemuxInfo[] infos = new TunerDemuxInfo[3];
         infos[0] = tunerDemuxInfo(0 /* handle */, Filter.TYPE_TS | Filter.TYPE_IP);
@@ -825,7 +801,7 @@
 
         int[] demuxHandle0 = new int[1];
         // first with undefined type (should be the first one with least # of caps)
-        TunerDemuxRequest request = tunerDemuxRequest(clientId0[0], Filter.TYPE_UNDEFINED);
+        TunerDemuxRequest request = tunerDemuxRequest(client0.getId(), Filter.TYPE_UNDEFINED);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.requestDemuxInternal(request, demuxHandle0))
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(demuxHandle0[0]).isEqualTo(1);
@@ -846,16 +822,16 @@
         assertThat(demuxHandle0[0]).isEqualTo(2);
 
         // request for another TS
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile1, null /*listener*/, clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
+
         int[] demuxHandle1 = new int[1];
-        TunerDemuxRequest request1 = tunerDemuxRequest(clientId1[0], Filter.TYPE_TS);
+        TunerDemuxRequest request1 = tunerDemuxRequest(client1.getId(), Filter.TYPE_TS);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.requestDemuxInternal(request1, demuxHandle1))
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(demuxHandle1[0]).isEqualTo(0);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(demuxHandle1[0]))
+        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(client1.getId()))
                 .isEqualTo(0);
 
         // release demuxes
@@ -863,33 +839,23 @@
         mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseDemuxInternal(dr);
         dr = mTunerResourceManagerService.getDemuxResource(demuxHandle1[0]);
         mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseDemuxInternal(dr);
+
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void requestDemuxTest_ResourceReclaim() {
+    public void requestDemuxTest_ResourceReclaim() throws RemoteException {
         // Register clients
-        ResourceClientProfile profile0 = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        ResourceClientProfile profile1 = resourceClientProfile("1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_SCAN);
-        ResourceClientProfile profile2 = resourceClientProfile("2" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_SCAN);
-        int[] clientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId1 = new int[1];
-        int[] clientId2 = new int[1];
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener0 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener1 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener listener2 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile0, listener0, clientId0);
-        assertThat(clientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile1, listener1, clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile2, listener2, clientId1);
-        assertThat(clientId2[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client1 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient client2 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
+        client1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_SCAN);
+        client2.register("2" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_SCAN);
 
         // Init demux resources.
         TunerDemuxInfo[] infos = new TunerDemuxInfo[2];
@@ -897,66 +863,67 @@
         infos[1] = tunerDemuxInfo(1 /*handle*/, Filter.TYPE_TS);
         mTunerResourceManagerService.setDemuxInfoListInternal(infos);
 
-        // let clientId0(prio:100) request for IP - should succeed
-        TunerDemuxRequest request0 = tunerDemuxRequest(clientId0[0], Filter.TYPE_IP);
+        // let client0(prio:100) request for IP - should succeed
+        TunerDemuxRequest request0 = tunerDemuxRequest(client0.getId(), Filter.TYPE_IP);
         int[] demuxHandle0 = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestDemuxInternal(request0, demuxHandle0)).isTrue();
         assertThat(demuxHandle0[0]).isEqualTo(0);
 
-        // let clientId1(prio:50) request for IP - should fail
-        TunerDemuxRequest request1 = tunerDemuxRequest(clientId1[0], Filter.TYPE_IP);
+        // let client1(prio:50) request for IP - should fail
+        TunerDemuxRequest request1 = tunerDemuxRequest(client1.getId(), Filter.TYPE_IP);
         int[] demuxHandle1 = new int[1];
         demuxHandle1[0] = -1;
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestDemuxInternal(request1, demuxHandle1)).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
         assertThat(demuxHandle1[0]).isEqualTo(-1);
 
-        // let clientId1(prio:50) request for TS - should succeed
+        // let client1(prio:50) request for TS - should succeed
         request1.desiredFilterTypes = Filter.TYPE_TS;
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestDemuxInternal(request1, demuxHandle1)).isTrue();
         assertThat(demuxHandle1[0]).isEqualTo(1);
-        assertThat(listener0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client0.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
 
-        // now release demux for the clientId0 (higher priority) and request demux
+        // now release demux for the client0 (higher priority) and request demux
         DemuxResource dr = mTunerResourceManagerService.getDemuxResource(demuxHandle0[0]);
         mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseDemuxInternal(dr);
 
-        // let clientId2(prio:50) request for TS - should succeed
-        TunerDemuxRequest request2 = tunerDemuxRequest(clientId2[0], Filter.TYPE_TS);
+        // let client2(prio:50) request for TS - should succeed
+        TunerDemuxRequest request2 = tunerDemuxRequest(client2.getId(), Filter.TYPE_TS);
         int[] demuxHandle2 = new int[1];
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestDemuxInternal(request2, demuxHandle2)).isTrue();
         assertThat(demuxHandle2[0]).isEqualTo(0);
-        assertThat(listener1.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(client1.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
 
-        // let clientId0(prio:100) request for TS - should reclaim from clientId2
+        // let client0(prio:100) request for TS - should reclaim from client1
         // , who has the smaller caps
         request0.desiredFilterTypes = Filter.TYPE_TS;
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
                 .requestDemuxInternal(request0, demuxHandle0)).isTrue();
-        assertThat(listener1.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
-        assertThat(listener2.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(client1.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(client2.isReclaimed()).isFalse();
+        client0.unregister();
+        client1.unregister();
+        client2.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void requestDescramblerTest() {
-        // Register client
-        ResourceClientProfile profile = resourceClientProfile("0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
-        int[] clientId = new int[1];
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.registerClientProfileInternal(
-                profile, null /*listener*/, clientId);
-        assertThat(clientId[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        // Register clients
+        TunerClient client0 = new TunerClient();
+        client0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_PLAYBACK);
 
         int[] desHandle = new int[1];
         TunerDescramblerRequest request = new TunerDescramblerRequest();
-        request.clientId = clientId[0];
+        request.clientId = client0.getId();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.requestDescramblerInternal(request, desHandle))
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getResourceIdFromHandle(desHandle[0])).isEqualTo(0);
+        client0.unregister();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -978,74 +945,26 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void shareFrontendTest_FrontendWithExclusiveGroupReadyToShare() {
+    public void shareFrontendTest_FrontendWithExclusiveGroupReadyToShare() throws RemoteException {
         /**** Register Clients and Set Priority ****/
-
-        // Int array to save the returned client ids
-        int[] ownerClientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] ownerClientId1 = new int[1];
-        int[] shareClientId0 = new int[1];
-        int[] shareClientId1 = new int[1];
-
-        // Predefined client profiles
-        ResourceClientProfile[] ownerProfiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        ResourceClientProfile[] shareProfiles = new ResourceClientProfile[2];
-        ownerProfiles[0] = resourceClientProfile(
-                "0" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_LIVE);
-        ownerProfiles[1] = resourceClientProfile(
-                "1" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_LIVE);
-        shareProfiles[0] = resourceClientProfile(
-                "2" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_RECORD);
-        shareProfiles[1] = resourceClientProfile(
-                "3" /*sessionId*/,
-                TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_RECORD);
-
-        // Predefined client reclaim listeners
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener ownerListener0 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener shareListener0 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener ownerListener1 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        TestResourcesReclaimListener shareListener1 = new TestResourcesReclaimListener();
-        // Register clients and validate the returned client ids
-        mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .registerClientProfileInternal(ownerProfiles[0], ownerListener0, ownerClientId0);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .registerClientProfileInternal(shareProfiles[0], shareListener0, shareClientId0);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .registerClientProfileInternal(ownerProfiles[1], ownerListener1, ownerClientId1);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .registerClientProfileInternal(shareProfiles[1], shareListener1, shareClientId1);
-        assertThat(ownerClientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        assertThat(shareClientId0[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        assertThat(ownerClientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
-        assertThat(shareClientId1[0]).isNotEqualTo(TunerResourceManagerService.INVALID_CLIENT_ID);
+        TunerClient ownerClient0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient ownerClient1 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient shareClient0 = new TunerClient();
+        TunerClient shareClient1 = new TunerClient();
+        ownerClient0.register("0" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_LIVE, 100);
+        ownerClient1.register("1" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_LIVE, 300);
+        shareClient0.register("2" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_RECORD, 200);
+        shareClient1.register("3" /*sessionId*/,
+                        TvInputService.PRIORITY_HINT_USE_CASE_TYPE_RECORD, 400);
 
         mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                ownerClientId0[0],
-                100/*priority*/,
-                0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                shareClientId0[0],
-                200/*priority*/,
-                0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                ownerClientId1[0],
-                300/*priority*/,
-                0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                shareClientId1[0],
-                400/*priority*/,
-                0/*niceValue*/);
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.updateClientPriorityInternal(
-                shareClientId1[0],
+                shareClient1.getId(),
                 -1/*invalid priority*/,
                 0/*niceValue*/);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId1[0])
-                .getPriority())
-                .isEqualTo(400);
+        assertThat(shareClient1.getProfile().getPriority()).isEqualTo(400);
 
         /**** Init Frontend Resources ****/
 
@@ -1072,7 +991,7 @@
         // Predefined frontend request and array to save returned frontend handle
         int[] frontendHandle = new int[1];
         TunerFrontendRequest request = tunerFrontendRequest(
-                ownerClientId0[0] /*clientId*/,
+                ownerClient0.getId() /*clientId*/,
                 FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
 
         // Request call and validate granted resource and internal mapping
@@ -1080,9 +999,7 @@
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle))
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[0].handle);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
@@ -1091,11 +1008,11 @@
 
         // Share frontend call and validate the internal mapping
         mTunerResourceManagerService.shareFrontendInternal(
-                shareClientId0[0]/*selfClientId*/,
-                ownerClientId0[0]/*targetClientId*/);
+                shareClient0.getId()/*selfClientId*/,
+                ownerClient0.getId()/*targetClientId*/);
         mTunerResourceManagerService.shareFrontendInternal(
-                shareClientId1[0]/*selfClientId*/,
-                ownerClientId0[0]/*targetClientId*/);
+                shareClient1.getId()/*selfClientId*/,
+                ownerClient0.getId()/*targetClientId*/);
         // Verify fe in use status
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isTrue();
@@ -1103,31 +1020,24 @@
                 .isInUse()).isTrue();
         // Verify fe owner status
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClientId0[0]);
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClient0.getId());
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClientId0[0]);
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClient0.getId());
         // Verify share fe client status in the primary owner client
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getShareFeClientIds())
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getShareFeClientIds())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
-                        shareClientId0[0],
-                        shareClientId1[0])));
+                        shareClient0.getId(),
+                        shareClient1.getId())));
         // Verify in use frontend list in all the primary owner and share owner clients
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId1[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+        assertThat(shareClient1.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
@@ -1135,21 +1045,17 @@
         /**** Remove Frontend Share Owner ****/
 
         // Unregister the second share fe client
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.unregisterClientProfileInternal(shareClientId1[0]);
+        shareClient1.unregister();
 
         // Validate the internal mapping
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getShareFeClientIds())
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getShareFeClientIds())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
-                        shareClientId0[0])));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+                        shareClient0.getId())));
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile()
                 .getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
@@ -1159,7 +1065,7 @@
 
         // Predefined second frontend request
         request = tunerFrontendRequest(
-                ownerClientId1[0] /*clientId*/,
+                ownerClient1.getId() /*clientId*/,
                 FrontendSettings.TYPE_DVBT);
 
         // Second request call
@@ -1170,43 +1076,35 @@
         // Validate granted resource and internal mapping
         assertThat(frontendHandle[0]).isEqualTo(infos[0].handle);
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClientId1[0]);
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClient1.getId());
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
-                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClientId1[0]);
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId1[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles())
+                .getOwnerClientId()).isEqualTo(ownerClient1.getId());
+        assertThat(ownerClient1.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         infos[0].handle,
                         infos[1].handle)));
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId0[0])
-                .getShareFeClientIds()
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.getProfile().getShareFeClientIds()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(ownerListener0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
-        assertThat(shareListener0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(ownerClient0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(shareClient0.isReclaimed()).isTrue();
 
         /**** Release Frontend Resource From Primary Owner ****/
 
         // Reshare the frontend
         mTunerResourceManagerService.shareFrontendInternal(
-                shareClientId0[0]/*selfClientId*/,
-                ownerClientId1[0]/*targetClientId*/);
+                shareClient0.getId()/*selfClientId*/,
+                ownerClient1.getId()/*targetClientId*/);
 
         // Release the frontend resource from the primary owner
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseFrontendInternal(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle), ownerClientId1[0]);
+        mTunerResourceManagerService.releaseFrontendInternal(infos[0].handle,
+                ownerClient1.getId());
 
         // Validate the internal mapping
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
@@ -1214,19 +1112,13 @@
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isFalse();
         // Verify client status
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId1[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()
+        assertThat(ownerClient1.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(ownerClientId1[0])
-                .getShareFeClientIds()
+        assertThat(ownerClient1.getProfile().getShareFeClientIds()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
 
@@ -1234,7 +1126,7 @@
 
         // Predefined Lnb request and handle array
         TunerLnbRequest requestLnb = new TunerLnbRequest();
-        requestLnb.clientId = shareClientId0[0];
+        requestLnb.clientId = shareClient0.getId();
         int[] lnbHandle = new int[1];
 
         // Request for an Lnb
@@ -1247,11 +1139,11 @@
                 .requestFrontendInternal(request, frontendHandle))
                 .isTrue();
         mTunerResourceManagerService.shareFrontendInternal(
-                shareClientId0[0]/*selfClientId*/,
-                ownerClientId1[0]/*targetClientId*/);
+                shareClient0.getId()/*selfClientId*/,
+                ownerClient1.getId()/*targetClientId*/);
 
         // Unregister the primary owner of the shared frontend
-        mTunerResourceManagerService.unregisterClientProfileInternal(ownerClientId1[0]);
+        ownerClient1.unregister();
 
         // Validate the internal mapping
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[0].handle)
@@ -1259,16 +1151,15 @@
         assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService.getFrontendResource(infos[1].handle)
                 .isInUse()).isFalse();
         // Verify client status
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseFrontendHandles()
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile().getInUseFrontendHandles()
                 .isEmpty())
                 .isTrue();
-        assertThat(mTunerResourceManagerService
-                .getClientProfile(shareClientId0[0])
-                .getInUseLnbHandles())
+        assertThat(shareClient0.getProfile().getInUseLnbHandles())
                 .isEqualTo(new HashSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
                         lnbHandles[0])));
+
+        ownerClient0.unregister();
+        shareClient0.unregister();
     }
 
     private TunerFrontendInfo tunerFrontendInfo(
diff --git a/telephony/java/android/telephony/CarrierConfigManager.java b/telephony/java/android/telephony/CarrierConfigManager.java
index cba2eea..13bd5eb 100644
--- a/telephony/java/android/telephony/CarrierConfigManager.java
+++ b/telephony/java/android/telephony/CarrierConfigManager.java
@@ -10014,6 +10014,19 @@
     public static final String KEY_SATELLITE_NIDD_APN_NAME_STRING =
             "satellite_nidd_apn_name_string";
 
+    /**
+     * Default value {@code true}, meaning when an emergency call request comes in, if the device is
+     * in emergency satellite mode but hasn't sent the first satellite datagram, then exits
+     * satellite mode to allow the emergency call to go through.
+     *
+     * If {@code false}, the emergency call is always blocked if device is in emergency satellite
+     * mode. Note if device is NOT in emergency satellite mode, emergency call is always allowed.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final String KEY_SATELLITE_ROAMING_TURN_OFF_SESSION_FOR_EMERGENCY_CALL_BOOL =
+            "satellite_roaming_turn_off_session_for_emergency_call_bool";
+
     /** @hide */
     @IntDef({
             CARRIER_ROAMING_NTN_CONNECT_AUTOMATIC,
@@ -11276,6 +11289,7 @@
         sDefaults.putBoolean(KEY_SATELLITE_ESOS_SUPPORTED_BOOL, false);
         sDefaults.putBoolean(KEY_SATELLITE_ROAMING_P2P_SMS_SUPPORTED_BOOL, false);
         sDefaults.putString(KEY_SATELLITE_NIDD_APN_NAME_STRING, "");
+        sDefaults.putBoolean(KEY_SATELLITE_ROAMING_TURN_OFF_SESSION_FOR_EMERGENCY_CALL_BOOL, true);
         sDefaults.putInt(KEY_CARRIER_ROAMING_NTN_CONNECT_TYPE_INT, 0);
         sDefaults.putInt(KEY_CARRIER_ROAMING_NTN_EMERGENCY_CALL_TO_SATELLITE_HANDOVER_TYPE_INT,
                 SatelliteManager.EMERGENCY_CALL_TO_SATELLITE_HANDOVER_TYPE_T911);