diff --git a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/AppStateTrackerImpl.java b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/AppStateTrackerImpl.java
index 33f6899..ecb9a73 100644
--- a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/AppStateTrackerImpl.java
+++ b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/AppStateTrackerImpl.java
@@ -444,8 +444,13 @@
     private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
         @Override
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+            final String action = intent.getAction();
+            if (action == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
             final int userId = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, -1);
-            switch (intent.getAction()) {
+            switch (action) {
                 case Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED:
                     if (userId > 0) {
                         mHandler.doUserRemoved(userId);
diff --git a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/DeviceIdleController.java b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/DeviceIdleController.java
index a37779e..3e650da 100644
--- a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/DeviceIdleController.java
+++ b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/DeviceIdleController.java
@@ -666,7 +666,12 @@
 
     private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
         @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
-            switch (intent.getAction()) {
+            final String action = intent.getAction();
+            if (action == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            switch (action) {
                 case ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION: {
                     updateConnectivityState(intent);
                 } break;
diff --git a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/job/controllers/BackgroundJobsController.java b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/job/controllers/BackgroundJobsController.java
index e3ac780..7a21697 100644
--- a/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/job/controllers/BackgroundJobsController.java
+++ b/apex/jobscheduler/service/java/com/android/server/job/controllers/BackgroundJobsController.java
@@ -84,9 +84,13 @@
     private final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
         @Override
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+            final String action = intent.getAction();
+            if (action == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
             final String pkgName = getPackageName(intent);
             final int pkgUid = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, -1);
-            final String action = intent.getAction();
             if (pkgUid == -1) {
                 Slog.e(TAG, "Didn't get package UID in intent (" + action + ")");
                 return;
diff --git a/core/api/current.txt b/core/api/current.txt
index 2c4c146..6b342a5 100644
--- a/core/api/current.txt
+++ b/core/api/current.txt
@@ -16232,6 +16232,7 @@
     field public static final int UNKNOWN = 0; // 0x0
     field public static final int Y8 = 538982489; // 0x20203859
     field public static final int YCBCR_P010 = 54; // 0x36
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.p210_format_support") public static final int YCBCR_P210 = 60; // 0x3c
     field public static final int YUV_420_888 = 35; // 0x23
     field public static final int YUV_422_888 = 39; // 0x27
     field public static final int YUV_444_888 = 40; // 0x28
@@ -18580,6 +18581,7 @@
     field public static final long USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODE = 65536L; // 0x10000L
     field public static final int YCBCR_420_888 = 35; // 0x23
     field public static final int YCBCR_P010 = 54; // 0x36
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.p210_format_support") public static final int YCBCR_P210 = 60; // 0x3c
   }
 
   @FlaggedApi("android.hardware.flags.overlayproperties_class_api") public final class OverlayProperties implements android.os.Parcelable {
@@ -22871,6 +22873,7 @@
     field public static final int COLOR_FormatYUV444Flexible = 2135181448; // 0x7f444888
     field @Deprecated public static final int COLOR_FormatYUV444Interleaved = 29; // 0x1d
     field public static final int COLOR_FormatYUVP010 = 54; // 0x36
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.p210_format_support") public static final int COLOR_FormatYUVP210 = 60; // 0x3c
     field @Deprecated public static final int COLOR_QCOM_FormatYUV420SemiPlanar = 2141391872; // 0x7fa30c00
     field @Deprecated public static final int COLOR_TI_FormatYUV420PackedSemiPlanar = 2130706688; // 0x7f000100
     field public static final String FEATURE_AdaptivePlayback = "adaptive-playback";
diff --git a/core/java/android/app/IUiAutomationConnection.aidl b/core/java/android/app/IUiAutomationConnection.aidl
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 69c3bd3..0264f73
--- a/core/java/android/app/IUiAutomationConnection.aidl
+++ b/core/java/android/app/IUiAutomationConnection.aidl
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@
     oneway void shutdown();
     void executeShellCommandWithStderr(String command, in ParcelFileDescriptor sink,
                 in ParcelFileDescriptor source, in ParcelFileDescriptor stderrSink);
+    void executeShellCommandArrayWithStderr(in String[] command, in ParcelFileDescriptor sink,
+                in ParcelFileDescriptor source, in ParcelFileDescriptor stderrSink);
     List<String> getAdoptedShellPermissions();
     void addOverridePermissionState(int uid, String permission, int result);
     void removeOverridePermissionState(int uid, String permission);
diff --git a/core/java/android/app/UiAutomationConnection.java b/core/java/android/app/UiAutomationConnection.java
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 3c4bd9e..72db465
--- a/core/java/android/app/UiAutomationConnection.java
+++ b/core/java/android/app/UiAutomationConnection.java
@@ -553,7 +553,12 @@
         } catch (IOException exc) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Error running shell command '" + command + "'", exc);
         }
+        handleExecuteShellCommandProcess(process, sink, source, stderrSink);
+    }
 
+    private void handleExecuteShellCommandProcess(final java.lang.Process process,
+            final ParcelFileDescriptor sink, final ParcelFileDescriptor source,
+            final ParcelFileDescriptor stderrSink) {
         // Read from process and write to pipe
         final Thread readFromProcess;
         if (sink != null) {
@@ -616,6 +621,26 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    public void executeShellCommandArrayWithStderr(final String[] command,
+            final ParcelFileDescriptor sink, final ParcelFileDescriptor source,
+            final ParcelFileDescriptor stderrSink) throws RemoteException {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            throwIfCalledByNotTrustedUidLocked();
+            throwIfShutdownLocked();
+            throwIfNotConnectedLocked();
+        }
+        final java.lang.Process process;
+
+        try {
+            process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
+        } catch (IOException exc) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                    "Error running shell command '" + String.join(" ", command) + "'", exc);
+        }
+        handleExecuteShellCommandProcess(process, sink, source, stderrSink);
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public void shutdown() {
         synchronized (mLock) {
             if (isConnectedLocked()) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java b/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java
index bca30b4..8de86d5 100644
--- a/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@
      * This exception is thrown when a given package, application, or component
      * name cannot be found.
      */
+    @android.ravenwood.annotation.RavenwoodKeepWholeClass
     public static class NameNotFoundException extends AndroidException {
         public NameNotFoundException() {
         }
diff --git a/core/java/android/hardware/HardwareBuffer.java b/core/java/android/hardware/HardwareBuffer.java
index ce0f9f59..0e73978 100644
--- a/core/java/android/hardware/HardwareBuffer.java
+++ b/core/java/android/hardware/HardwareBuffer.java
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
             DS_FP32UI8,
             S_UI8,
             YCBCR_P010,
+            YCBCR_P210,
             R_8,
             R_16,
             RG_1616,
@@ -111,6 +112,16 @@
      * little-endian value, with the lower 6 bits set to zero.
      */
     public static final int YCBCR_P010    = 0x36;
+    /**
+     * <p>Android YUV P210 format.</p>
+     *
+     * P210 is a 4:2:2 YCbCr semiplanar format comprised of a WxH Y plane
+     * followed by a WxH CbCr plane. Each sample is represented by a 16-bit
+     * little-endian value, with the lower 6 bits set to zero.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_P210_FORMAT_SUPPORT)
+    public static final int YCBCR_P210    = 0x3c;
+
     /** Format: 8 bits red */
     @FlaggedApi(com.android.graphics.hwui.flags.Flags.FLAG_REQUESTED_FORMATS_V)
     public static final int R_8           = 0x38;
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/vcn/OWNERS b/core/java/android/net/vcn/OWNERS
index 2441e77..937699a 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/vcn/OWNERS
+++ b/core/java/android/net/vcn/OWNERS
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 set noparent
 
-benedictwong@google.com
-ckesting@google.com
 evitayan@google.com
-junyin@google.com
 nharold@google.com
+benedictwong@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+yangji@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/vcn/flags.aconfig b/core/java/android/net/vcn/flags.aconfig
index 5b30624..1adefe5 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/vcn/flags.aconfig
+++ b/core/java/android/net/vcn/flags.aconfig
@@ -10,8 +10,26 @@
 }
 
 flag {
+     name: "mainline_vcn_module_api"
+     namespace: "vcn"
+     description: "Expose APIs from VCN for mainline migration"
+     is_exported: true
+     bug: "376339506"
+}
+
+flag {
     name: "safe_mode_timeout_config"
     namespace: "vcn"
     description: "Feature flag for adjustable safe mode timeout"
     bug: "317406085"
+}
+
+flag {
+    name: "fix_config_garbage_collection"
+    namespace: "vcn"
+    description: "Handle race condition in subscription change"
+    bug: "370862489"
+    metadata {
+      purpose: PURPOSE_BUGFIX
+    }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit.java
index 2acda8a..e402ddf 100644
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit.java
+++ b/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit.java
@@ -249,6 +249,10 @@
         return isExperimentEnabled("profilesystemserver");
     }
 
+    private static boolean shouldProfileBootClasspath() {
+        return isExperimentEnabled("profilebootclasspath");
+    }
+
     /**
      * Performs Zygote process initialization. Loads and initializes commonly used classes.
      *
@@ -352,7 +356,7 @@
             // If we are profiling the boot image, reset the Jit counters after preloading the
             // classes. We want to preload for performance, and we can use method counters to
             // infer what clases are used after calling resetJitCounters, for profile purposes.
-            if (isExperimentEnabled("profilebootclasspath")) {
+            if (shouldProfileBootClasspath()) {
                 Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, "ResetJitCounters");
                 VMRuntime.resetJitCounters();
                 Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
@@ -460,12 +464,28 @@
                             ? String.join(":", systemServerClasspath, standaloneSystemServerJars)
                             : systemServerClasspath;
                     prepareSystemServerProfile(systemServerPaths);
+                    try {
+                        SystemProperties.set("debug.tracing.profile_system_server", "1");
+                    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                        Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to set debug.tracing.profile_system_server", e);
+                    }
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to set up system server profile", e);
                 }
             }
         }
 
+        // Zygote can't set system properties due to permission denied. We need to be in System
+        // Server to set system properties, so we do it here instead of the more natural place in
+        // preloadClasses.
+        if (shouldProfileBootClasspath()) {
+            try {
+                SystemProperties.set("debug.tracing.profile_boot_classpath", "1");
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to set debug.tracing.profile_boot_classpath", e);
+            }
+        }
+
         if (parsedArgs.mInvokeWith != null) {
             String[] args = parsedArgs.mRemainingArgs;
             // If we have a non-null system server class path, we'll have to duplicate the
diff --git a/graphics/java/android/graphics/ImageFormat.java b/graphics/java/android/graphics/ImageFormat.java
index cb3b64c..93d94c9 100644
--- a/graphics/java/android/graphics/ImageFormat.java
+++ b/graphics/java/android/graphics/ImageFormat.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.graphics;
 
+import android.annotation.FlaggedApi;
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
              Y8,
              Y16,
              YCBCR_P010,
+             YCBCR_P210,
              NV16,
              NV21,
              YUY2,
@@ -206,6 +208,26 @@
     public static final int YCBCR_P010 = 0x36;
 
     /**
+     * <p>Android YUV P210 format.</p>
+     *
+     * P210 is a 4:2:2 YCbCr semiplanar format comprised of a WxH Y plane
+     * followed by a WxH CbCr plane. Each sample is represented by a 16-bit
+     * little-endian value, with the lower 6 bits set to zero.
+     *
+     * <p>For example, the {@link android.media.Image} object can provide data
+     * in this format from a {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice}
+     * through a {@link android.media.ImageReader} object if this format is
+     * supported by {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice}.</p>
+     *
+     * @see android.media.Image
+     * @see android.media.ImageReader
+     * @see android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice
+     *
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_P210_FORMAT_SUPPORT)
+    public static final int YCBCR_P210 = 0x3c;
+
+    /**
      * YCbCr format, used for video.
      *
      * <p>For the {@link android.hardware.camera2} API, the {@link #YUV_420_888} format is
@@ -849,6 +871,8 @@
                 return 16;
             case YCBCR_P010:
                 return 24;
+            case YCBCR_P210:
+                return 32;
             case RAW_DEPTH10:
             case RAW10:
                 return 10;
@@ -899,7 +923,9 @@
             case JPEG_R:
                 return true;
         }
-
+        if (android.media.codec.Flags.p210FormatSupport() && format == YCBCR_P210) {
+            return true;
+        }
         return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/libs/WindowManager/Shell/src/com/android/wm/shell/dagger/OWNERS b/libs/WindowManager/Shell/src/com/android/wm/shell/dagger/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..752d2fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libs/WindowManager/Shell/src/com/android/wm/shell/dagger/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# WM Shell sub-module dagger owners
+jorgegil@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libs/hwui/platform/host/android/api-level.h b/libs/hwui/platform/host/android/api-level.h
deleted file mode 120000
index 4fb4784..0000000
--- a/libs/hwui/platform/host/android/api-level.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-../../../../../../../bionic/libc/include/android/api-level.h
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java b/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
index 8ff4305..3a19f46 100644
--- a/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
+++ b/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
@@ -462,6 +462,33 @@
         @SuppressLint("AllUpper")
         public static final int COLOR_FormatYUVP010                 = 54;
 
+        /**
+         * P210 is 10-bit-per component 4:2:2 YCbCr semiplanar format.
+         * <p>
+         * This format uses 32 allocated bits per pixel with 20 bits of
+         * data per pixel. Chroma planes are subsampled by 2 both
+         * horizontally. Each chroma and luma component
+         * has 16 allocated bits in little-endian configuration with 10
+         * MSB of actual data.
+         *
+         * <pre>
+         *            byte                   byte
+         *  <--------- i --------> | <------ i + 1 ------>
+         * +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
+         * |     UNUSED      |      Y/Cb/Cr                |
+         * +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
+         *  0               5 6   7 0                    7
+         * bit
+         * </pre>
+         *
+         * Use this format with {@link Image}. This format corresponds
+         * to {@link android.graphics.ImageFormat#YCBCR_P210}.
+         * <p>
+         */
+        @SuppressLint("AllUpper")
+        @FlaggedApi(android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_P210_FORMAT_SUPPORT)
+        public static final int COLOR_FormatYUVP210                 = 60;
+
         /** @deprecated Use {@link #COLOR_FormatYUV420Flexible}. */
         public static final int COLOR_TI_FormatYUV420PackedSemiPlanar = 0x7f000100;
         // COLOR_FormatSurface indicates that the data will be a GraphicBuffer metadata reference.
diff --git a/packages/Vcn/TEST_MAPPING b/packages/Vcn/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bde88fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/Vcn/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "postsubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "FrameworksVcnTests"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CtsVcnTestCases"
+    }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/ravenwood/TEST_MAPPING b/ravenwood/TEST_MAPPING
index 7fa0ef1..a1243e3 100644
--- a/ravenwood/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/ravenwood/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@
     },
     {
       "name": "CarLibHostUnitTest",
-      "host": true,
-      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"]
+      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"],
+      "host": true
     },
     {
       "name": "CarServiceHostUnitTest",
-      "host": true,
-      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"]
+      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"],
+      "host": true
     },
     {
       "name": "CarSystemUIRavenTests",
-      "host": true,
-      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"]
+      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"],
+      "host": true
     },
     {
       "name": "CtsAccountManagerTestCasesRavenwood",
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@
       "host": true
     },
     {
+      "name": "CtsDeviceConfigTestCasesRavenwood",
+      "host": true
+    },
+    {
       "name": "CtsGraphicsTestCasesRavenwood",
       "host": true
     },
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
index 30a653d..66a6890 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunner.java
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.Filter;
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.Filterable;
 import org.junit.runner.manipulation.NoTestsRemainException;
-import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;
 import org.junit.runner.notification.RunNotifier;
 import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
 import org.junit.runners.Suite;
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@
     /** Keeps track of the runner on the current thread. */
     private static final ThreadLocal<RavenwoodAwareTestRunner> sCurrentRunner = new ThreadLocal<>();
 
-    static RavenwoodAwareTestRunner getCurrentRunner() {
+    private static RavenwoodAwareTestRunner getCurrentRunner() {
         var runner = sCurrentRunner.get();
         if (runner == null) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Current test runner not set!");
@@ -102,11 +101,9 @@
         return runner;
     }
 
-    private final Class<?> mTestJavaClass;
+    final Class<?> mTestJavaClass;
+    private final Runner mRealRunner;
     private TestClass mTestClass = null;
-    private Runner mRealRunner = null;
-    private Description mDescription = null;
-    private Throwable mExceptionInConstructor = null;
 
     /**
      * Stores internal states / methods associated with this runner that's only needed in
@@ -114,50 +111,37 @@
      */
     final RavenwoodRunnerState mState = new RavenwoodRunnerState(this);
 
-    public TestClass getTestClass() {
-        return mTestClass;
-    }
-
     /**
      * Constructor.
      */
     public RavenwoodAwareTestRunner(Class<?> testClass) {
         RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.globalInitOnce();
         mTestJavaClass = testClass;
-        try {
-            /*
-             * If the class has @DisabledOnRavenwood, then we'll delegate to
-             * ClassSkippingTestRunner, which simply skips it.
-             *
-             * We need to do it before instantiating TestClass for b/367694651.
-             */
-            if (!RavenwoodEnablementChecker.shouldRunClassOnRavenwood(testClass, true)) {
-                mRealRunner = new ClassSkippingTestRunner(testClass);
-                mDescription = mRealRunner.getDescription();
-                return;
-            }
 
-            mTestClass = new TestClass(testClass);
-
-            Log.v(TAG, "RavenwoodAwareTestRunner starting for " + testClass.getCanonicalName());
-
-            onRunnerInitializing();
-
-            mRealRunner = instantiateRealRunner(mTestClass);
-            mDescription = mRealRunner.getDescription();
-        } catch (Throwable th) {
-            // If we throw in the constructor, Tradefed may not report it and just ignore the class,
-            // so record it and throw it when the test actually started.
-            Log.e(TAG, "Fatal: Exception detected in constructor", th);
-            mExceptionInConstructor = new RuntimeException("Exception detected in constructor",
-                    th);
-            mDescription = Description.createTestDescription(testClass, "Constructor");
-
-            // This is for testing if tradefed is fixed.
-            if ("1".equals(System.getenv("RAVENWOOD_THROW_EXCEPTION_IN_TEST_RUNNER"))) {
-                throw th;
-            }
+        /*
+         * If the class has @DisabledOnRavenwood, then we'll delegate to
+         * ClassSkippingTestRunner, which simply skips it.
+         *
+         * We need to do it before instantiating TestClass for b/367694651.
+         */
+        if (!RavenwoodEnablementChecker.shouldRunClassOnRavenwood(testClass, true)) {
+            mRealRunner = new ClassSkippingTestRunner(testClass);
+            return;
         }
+
+        mTestClass = new TestClass(testClass);
+
+        Log.v(TAG, "RavenwoodAwareTestRunner starting for " + testClass.getCanonicalName());
+
+        // This is needed to make AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner happy.
+        InstrumentationRegistry.registerInstance(null, Bundle.EMPTY);
+
+        // Hook point to allow more customization.
+        runAnnotatedMethodsOnRavenwood(RavenwoodTestRunnerInitializing.class, null);
+
+        mRealRunner = instantiateRealRunner(mTestClass);
+
+        mState.enterTestRunner();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -165,23 +149,11 @@
         return mRealRunner;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Run the bare minimum setup to initialize the wrapped runner.
-     */
-    // This method is called by the ctor, so never make it virtual.
-    private void onRunnerInitializing() {
-        // This is needed to make AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner happy.
-        InstrumentationRegistry.registerInstance(null, Bundle.EMPTY);
-
-        // Hook point to allow more customization.
-        runAnnotatedMethodsOnRavenwood(RavenwoodTestRunnerInitializing.class, null);
-    }
-
     private void runAnnotatedMethodsOnRavenwood(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass,
             Object instance) {
         Log.v(TAG, "runAnnotatedMethodsOnRavenwood() " + annotationClass.getName());
 
-        for (var method : getTestClass().getAnnotatedMethods(annotationClass)) {
+        for (var method : mTestClass.getAnnotatedMethods(annotationClass)) {
             ensureIsPublicVoidMethod(method.getMethod(), /* isStatic=*/ instance == null);
 
             var methodDesc = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "."
@@ -195,11 +167,6 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Description getDescription() {
-        return mDescription;
-    }
-
-    @Override
     public void run(RunNotifier realNotifier) {
         final var notifier = new RavenwoodRunNotifier(realNotifier);
         final var description = getDescription();
@@ -216,10 +183,6 @@
             dumpDescription(description);
         }
 
-        if (maybeReportExceptionFromConstructor(notifier)) {
-            return;
-        }
-
         // TODO(b/365976974): handle nested classes better
         final boolean skipRunnerHook =
                 mRealRunnerTakesRunnerBuilder && mRealRunner instanceof Suite;
@@ -228,7 +191,7 @@
         try {
             if (!skipRunnerHook) {
                 try {
-                    mState.enterTestClass(description);
+                    mState.enterTestClass();
                 } catch (Throwable th) {
                     notifier.reportBeforeTestFailure(description, th);
                     return;
@@ -251,18 +214,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /** Throw the exception detected in the constructor, if any. */
-    private boolean maybeReportExceptionFromConstructor(RunNotifier notifier) {
-        if (mExceptionInConstructor == null) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        notifier.fireTestStarted(mDescription);
-        notifier.fireTestFailure(new Failure(mDescription, mExceptionInConstructor));
-        notifier.fireTestFinished(mDescription);
-
-        return true;
-    }
-
     private Statement wrapWithHooks(Statement base, Description description, Scope scope,
             Order order) {
         return new Statement() {
@@ -338,7 +289,7 @@
             mState.enterTestMethod(description);
         }
 
-        final var classDescription = mState.getClassDescription();
+        final var classDescription = getDescription();
 
         // Class-level annotations are checked by the runner already, so we only check
         // method-level annotations here.
@@ -360,7 +311,7 @@
     private boolean onAfter(Description description, Scope scope, Order order, Throwable th) {
         Log.v(TAG, "onAfter: description=" + description + ", " + scope + ", " + order + ", " + th);
 
-        final var classDescription = mState.getClassDescription();
+        final var classDescription = getDescription();
 
         if (scope == Scope.Instance && order == Order.Outer) {
             // End of a test method.
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRunnerState.java b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRunnerState.java
index ead4a84..ec00e8f 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRunnerState.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRunnerState.java
@@ -52,37 +52,65 @@
         mRunner = runner;
     }
 
-    private Description mClassDescription;
+    /**
+     * The RavenwoodConfig used to configure the current Ravenwood environment.
+     * This can either come from mConfig or mRule.
+     */
+    private RavenwoodConfig mCurrentConfig;
+    /**
+     * The RavenwoodConfig declared in the test class
+     */
+    private RavenwoodConfig mConfig;
+    /**
+     * The RavenwoodRule currently in effect, declared in the test class
+     */
+    private RavenwoodRule mRule;
+    private boolean mHasRavenwoodRule;
     private Description mMethodDescription;
 
-    private RavenwoodConfig mCurrentConfig;
-    private RavenwoodRule mCurrentRule;
-    private boolean mHasRavenwoodRule;
-
-    public Description getClassDescription() {
-        return mClassDescription;
+    public RavenwoodConfig getConfig() {
+        return mCurrentConfig;
     }
 
-    public void enterTestClass(Description classDescription) {
-        Log.i(TAG, "enterTestClass: description=" + classDescription);
-        mClassDescription = classDescription;
+    public void enterTestRunner() {
+        Log.i(TAG, "enterTestRunner: " + mRunner);
 
-        mHasRavenwoodRule = hasRavenwoodRule(mRunner.getTestClass().getJavaClass());
-        mCurrentConfig = extractConfiguration(mRunner.getTestClass().getJavaClass());
+        mHasRavenwoodRule = hasRavenwoodRule(mRunner.mTestJavaClass);
+        mConfig = extractConfiguration(mRunner.mTestJavaClass);
+
+        if (mConfig != null) {
+            if (mHasRavenwoodRule) {
+                fail("RavenwoodConfig and RavenwoodRule cannot be used in the same class."
+                        + " Suggest migrating to RavenwoodConfig.");
+            }
+            mCurrentConfig = mConfig;
+        } else if (!mHasRavenwoodRule) {
+            // If no RavenwoodConfig and no RavenwoodRule, use a default config
+            mCurrentConfig = new RavenwoodConfig.Builder().build();
+        }
 
         if (mCurrentConfig != null) {
-            RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.init(mCurrentConfig);
+            RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.init(mRunner);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void enterTestClass() {
+        Log.i(TAG, "enterTestClass: " + mRunner.mTestJavaClass.getName());
+
+        if (mCurrentConfig != null) {
+            RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.init(mRunner);
         }
     }
 
     public void exitTestClass() {
-        Log.i(TAG, "exitTestClass: description=" + mClassDescription);
-        if (mCurrentConfig != null) {
-            try {
+        Log.i(TAG, "exitTestClass: " + mRunner.mTestJavaClass.getName());
+        try {
+            if (mCurrentConfig != null) {
                 RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.reset();
-            } finally {
-                mClassDescription = null;
             }
+        } finally {
+            mConfig = null;
+            mRule = null;
         }
     }
 
@@ -92,6 +120,7 @@
 
     public void exitTestMethod() {
         mMethodDescription = null;
+        RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.reinit();
     }
 
     public void enterRavenwoodRule(RavenwoodRule rule) {
@@ -99,48 +128,32 @@
             fail("If you have a RavenwoodRule in your test, make sure the field type is"
                     + " RavenwoodRule so Ravenwood can detect it.");
         }
-        if (mCurrentConfig != null) {
-            fail("RavenwoodConfig and RavenwoodRule cannot be used in the same class."
-                    + " Suggest migrating to RavenwoodConfig.");
-        }
-        if (mCurrentRule != null) {
+        if (mRule != null) {
             fail("Multiple nesting RavenwoodRule's are detected in the same class,"
                     + " which is not supported.");
         }
-        mCurrentRule = rule;
-        RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.init(rule.getConfiguration());
+        mRule = rule;
+        if (mCurrentConfig == null) {
+            mCurrentConfig = rule.getConfiguration();
+        }
+        RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.init(mRunner);
     }
 
     public void exitRavenwoodRule(RavenwoodRule rule) {
-        if (mCurrentRule != rule) {
-            return; // This happens if the rule did _not_ take effect somehow.
+        if (mRule != rule) {
+            fail("RavenwoodRule did not take effect.");
         }
-
-        try {
-            RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.reset();
-        } finally {
-            mCurrentRule = null;
-        }
+        mRule = null;
     }
 
     /**
      * @return a configuration from a test class, if any.
      */
     @Nullable
-    private RavenwoodConfig extractConfiguration(Class<?> testClass) {
+    private static RavenwoodConfig extractConfiguration(Class<?> testClass) {
         var field = findConfigurationField(testClass);
         if (field == null) {
-            if (mHasRavenwoodRule) {
-                // Should be handled by RavenwoodRule
-                return null;
-            }
-
-            // If no RavenwoodConfig and no RavenwoodRule, return a default config
-            return new RavenwoodConfig.Builder().build();
-        }
-        if (mHasRavenwoodRule) {
-            fail("RavenwoodConfig and RavenwoodRule cannot be used in the same class."
-                    + " Suggest migrating to RavenwoodConfig.");
+            return null;
         }
 
         try {
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.java b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.java
index de4357c..9002e40 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-impl-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController.java
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
         return res;
     }
 
-    private static RavenwoodConfig sConfig;
+    private static RavenwoodAwareTestRunner sRunner;
     private static RavenwoodSystemProperties sProps;
     private static boolean sInitialized = false;
 
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@
         // Redirect stdout/stdin to liblog.
         RuntimeInit.redirectLogStreams();
 
+        // Touch some references early to ensure they're <clinit>'ed
+        Objects.requireNonNull(Build.TYPE);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(Build.VERSION.SDK);
+
         if (RAVENWOOD_VERBOSE_LOGGING) {
             RavenwoodCommonUtils.log(TAG, "Force enabling verbose logging");
             try {
@@ -191,12 +195,19 @@
     /**
      * Initialize the environment.
      */
-    public static void init(RavenwoodConfig config) {
+    public static void init(RavenwoodAwareTestRunner runner) {
         if (RAVENWOOD_VERBOSE_LOGGING) {
-            Log.i(TAG, "init() called here", new RuntimeException("STACKTRACE"));
+            Log.i(TAG, "init() called here: " + runner, new RuntimeException("STACKTRACE"));
         }
+        if (sRunner == runner) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (sRunner != null) {
+            reset();
+        }
+        sRunner = runner;
         try {
-            initInner(config);
+            initInner(runner.mState.getConfig());
         } catch (Exception th) {
             Log.e(TAG, "init() failed", th);
             reset();
@@ -205,10 +216,6 @@
     }
 
     private static void initInner(RavenwoodConfig config) throws IOException {
-        if (sConfig != null) {
-            throw new RavenwoodRuntimeException("Internal error: init() called without reset()");
-        }
-        sConfig = config;
         if (ENABLE_UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION_DETECTION) {
             maybeThrowPendingUncaughtException(false);
             Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(sUncaughtExceptionHandler);
@@ -216,7 +223,7 @@
 
         android.os.Process.init$ravenwood(config.mUid, config.mPid);
         sOriginalIdentityToken = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
-        Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(packBinderIdentityToken(false, config.mUid, config.mPid));
+        reinit();
         setSystemProperties(config.mSystemProperties);
 
         ServiceManager.init$ravenwood();
@@ -269,9 +276,7 @@
         config.mInstContext = instContext;
         config.mTargetContext = targetContext;
 
-        final Supplier<Resources> systemResourcesLoader = () -> {
-            return config.mState.loadResources(null);
-        };
+        final Supplier<Resources> systemResourcesLoader = () -> config.mState.loadResources(null);
 
         config.mState.mSystemServerContext =
                 new RavenwoodContext(ANDROID_PACKAGE_NAME, main, systemResourcesLoader);
@@ -288,10 +293,14 @@
                     RavenwoodRuntimeEnvironmentController::dumpStacks,
                     TIMEOUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
         }
+    }
 
-        // Touch some references early to ensure they're <clinit>'ed
-        Objects.requireNonNull(Build.TYPE);
-        Objects.requireNonNull(Build.VERSION.SDK);
+    /**
+     * Partially re-initialize after each test method invocation
+     */
+    public static void reinit() {
+        var config = sRunner.mState.getConfig();
+        Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(packBinderIdentityToken(false, config.mUid, config.mPid));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -301,11 +310,11 @@
         if (RAVENWOOD_VERBOSE_LOGGING) {
             Log.i(TAG, "reset() called here", new RuntimeException("STACKTRACE"));
         }
-        if (sConfig == null) {
+        if (sRunner == null) {
             throw new RavenwoodRuntimeException("Internal error: reset() already called");
         }
-        var config = sConfig;
-        sConfig = null;
+        var config = sRunner.mState.getConfig();
+        sRunner = null;
 
         if (ENABLE_TIMEOUT_STACKS) {
             sPendingTimeout.cancel(false);
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerBase.java b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerBase.java
index 7c72f6b..31a1416 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerBase.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerBase.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Description getDescription() {
+    public final Description getDescription() {
         return getRealRunner().getDescription();
     }
 
diff --git a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRule.java b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRule.java
index 773dba1..3d6ac0f 100644
--- a/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRule.java
+++ b/ravenwood/junit-src/android/platform/test/ravenwood/RavenwoodRule.java
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.DisabledOnRavenwood;
 
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
 import com.android.ravenwood.common.RavenwoodCommonUtils;
 
 import org.junit.rules.TestRule;
@@ -219,8 +221,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     public Context getContext() {
-        return Objects.requireNonNull(mConfiguration.mInstContext,
-                "Context is only available during @Test execution");
+        return InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -230,8 +231,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     public Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
-        return Objects.requireNonNull(mConfiguration.mInstrumentation,
-                "Instrumentation is only available during @Test execution");
+        return InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/ravenwood/scripts/update-test-mapping.sh b/ravenwood/scripts/update-test-mapping.sh
index e478b50..ab37baf 100755
--- a/ravenwood/scripts/update-test-mapping.sh
+++ b/ravenwood/scripts/update-test-mapping.sh
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@
 # Tests that shouldn't be in presubmit.
 EXEMPT='^(SystemUiRavenTests)$'
 
+is_car() {
+    local module="$1"
+
+    # If the module name starts with "Car", then it's a test for "Car".
+    [[ "$module" =~ ^Car ]]
+    return $?
+}
+
 main() {
     local script_name="${0##*/}"
     local script_dir="${0%/*}"
@@ -62,6 +70,10 @@
             fi
             echo "    {"
             echo "      \"name\": \"${tests[$i]}\","
+            if is_car "${tests[$i]}"; then
+                echo '      "keywords": ["automotive_code_coverage"],'
+            fi
+
             echo "      \"host\": true"
             echo "    }$comma"
 
diff --git a/ravenwood/tests/bivalenttest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/bivalenttest/ravenizer/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest.java b/ravenwood/tests/bivalenttest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/bivalenttest/ravenizer/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest.java
index 637f069..4e21f86 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tests/bivalenttest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/bivalenttest/ravenizer/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest.java
+++ b/ravenwood/tests/bivalenttest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/bivalenttest/ravenizer/RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest.java
@@ -16,12 +16,15 @@
 package com.android.ravenwoodtest.bivalenttest.ravenizer;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 
 import android.platform.test.annotations.DisabledOnRavenwood;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.RavenwoodTestRunnerInitializing;
 import android.platform.test.ravenwood.RavenwoodRule;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
 import junitparams.JUnitParamsRunner;
 import junitparams.Parameters;
 
@@ -30,6 +33,8 @@
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * Make sure RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest properly delegates to the original runner,
  * and also run the special annotated methods.
@@ -61,13 +66,22 @@
         sCallTracker.incrementMethodCallCount();
     }
 
+    public RavenwoodAwareTestRunnerTest() {
+        // Make sure the environment is already initialized when the constructor is called
+        assertNotNull(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void test1() {
         sCallTracker.incrementMethodCallCount();
     }
 
+    public static List<String> testParams() {
+        return List.of("foo", "bar");
+    }
+
     @Test
-    @Parameters({"foo", "bar"})
+    @Parameters(method = "testParams")
     public void testWithParams(String arg) {
         sCallTracker.incrementMethodCallCount();
     }
diff --git a/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest.java b/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest.java
index bd01313..6720e45 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest.java
+++ b/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest.java
@@ -337,9 +337,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$ExceptionFromInnerRunnerConstructorTest)
-    testFailure: Exception detected in constructor
-    testFinished: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$ExceptionFromInnerRunnerConstructorTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$ExceptionFromInnerRunnerConstructorTest)
+    testFailure: Failed to instantiate class androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$ExceptionFromInnerRunnerConstructorTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -439,9 +439,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$BrokenRunnerTest)
-    testFailure: Exception detected in constructor
-    testFinished: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$BrokenRunnerTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$BrokenRunnerTest)
+    testFailure: Failed to instantiate class com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$BrokenTestRunner
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerCallbackTest$BrokenRunnerTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
diff --git a/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.java b/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.java
index 73ea64f..02d1073 100644
--- a/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.java
+++ b/ravenwood/tests/coretest/test/com/android/ravenwoodtest/runnercallbacktests/RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.java
@@ -106,17 +106,11 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testMethod1(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
     testFailure: com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest.sConfig expected to be public static
-    testFinished: testMethod1(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
-    testStarted: testMethod2(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
-    testFailure: com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest.sConfig expected to be public static
-    testFinished: testMethod2(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
-    testStarted: testMethod3(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
-    testFailure: com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest.sConfig expected to be public static
-    testFinished: testMethod3(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
-    testRunFinished: 3,3,0,0
+    testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
     // CHECKSTYLE:ON
     public static class ErrorMustBeReportedFromEachTest {
@@ -145,9 +139,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$DuplicateConfigTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$DuplicateConfigTest)
     testFailure: Class com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.DuplicateConfigTest has multiple fields with @RavenwoodConfig.Config
-    testFinished: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$DuplicateConfigTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$DuplicateConfigTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -175,9 +169,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonStaticConfigTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonStaticConfigTest)
     testFailure: com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonStaticConfigTest.sConfig expected to be public static
-    testFinished: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonStaticConfigTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonStaticConfigTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -201,9 +195,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonPublicConfigTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonPublicConfigTest)
     testFailure: com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonPublicConfigTest.sConfig expected to be public static
-    testFinished: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonPublicConfigTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$NonPublicConfigTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -227,9 +221,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WrongTypeConfigTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WrongTypeConfigTest)
     testFailure: Field com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest.WrongTypeConfigTest.sConfig has @RavenwoodConfig.Config but type is not RavenwoodConfig
-    testFinished: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WrongTypeConfigTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WrongTypeConfigTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -282,9 +276,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithInstanceRuleTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithInstanceRuleTest)
     testFailure: RavenwoodConfig and RavenwoodRule cannot be used in the same class. Suggest migrating to RavenwoodConfig.
-    testFinished: testConfig(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithInstanceRuleTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithInstanceRuleTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -311,9 +305,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithStaticRuleTest)
-    testFailure: Exception detected in constructor
-    testFinished: Constructor(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithStaticRuleTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithStaticRuleTest)
+    testFailure: Failed to instantiate class androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$WithStaticRuleTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
@@ -400,9 +394,9 @@
     @Expected("""
     testRunStarted: classes
     testSuiteStarted: classes
-    testStarted: test(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ConfigWithRuleInBaseClassTest)
+    testStarted: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ConfigWithRuleInBaseClassTest)
     testFailure: RavenwoodConfig and RavenwoodRule cannot be used in the same class. Suggest migrating to RavenwoodConfig.
-    testFinished: test(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ConfigWithRuleInBaseClassTest)
+    testFinished: initializationError(com.android.ravenwoodtest.runnercallbacktests.RavenwoodRunnerConfigValidationTest$ConfigWithRuleInBaseClassTest)
     testSuiteFinished: classes
     testRunFinished: 1,1,0,0
     """)
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementService.java
index 51c768b..dc7749c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementService.java
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+import android.net.vcn.Flags;
 import android.net.vcn.IVcnManagementService;
 import android.net.vcn.IVcnStatusCallback;
 import android.net.vcn.IVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener;
@@ -878,6 +879,7 @@
 
     private void garbageCollectAndWriteVcnConfigsLocked() {
         final SubscriptionManager subMgr = mContext.getSystemService(SubscriptionManager.class);
+        final Set<ParcelUuid> subGroups = mLastSnapshot.getAllSubscriptionGroups();
 
         boolean shouldWrite = false;
 
@@ -885,11 +887,20 @@
         while (configsIterator.hasNext()) {
             final ParcelUuid subGrp = configsIterator.next();
 
-            final List<SubscriptionInfo> subscriptions = subMgr.getSubscriptionsInGroup(subGrp);
-            if (subscriptions == null || subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
-                // Trim subGrps with no more subscriptions; must have moved to another subGrp
-                configsIterator.remove();
-                shouldWrite = true;
+            if (Flags.fixConfigGarbageCollection()) {
+                if (!subGroups.contains(subGrp)) {
+                    // Trim subGrps with no more subscriptions; must have moved to another subGrp
+                    logDbg("Garbage collect VcnConfig for group=" + subGrp);
+                    configsIterator.remove();
+                    shouldWrite = true;
+                }
+            } else {
+                final List<SubscriptionInfo> subscriptions = subMgr.getSubscriptionsInGroup(subGrp);
+                if (subscriptions == null || subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
+                    // Trim subGrps with no more subscriptions; must have moved to another subGrp
+                    configsIterator.remove();
+                    shouldWrite = true;
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1094,13 +1105,7 @@
             synchronized (mLock) {
                 final Vcn vcn = mVcns.get(subGrp);
                 final VcnConfig vcnConfig = mConfigs.get(subGrp);
-                if (vcn != null) {
-                    if (vcnConfig == null) {
-                        // TODO: b/284381334 Investigate for the root cause of this issue
-                        // and handle it properly
-                        logWtf("Vcn instance exists but VcnConfig does not for " + subGrp);
-                    }
-
+                if (vcn != null && vcnConfig != null) {
                     if (vcn.getStatus() == VCN_STATUS_CODE_ACTIVE) {
                         isVcnManagedNetwork = true;
                     }
@@ -1120,6 +1125,8 @@
                             }
                         }
                     }
+                } else if (vcn != null && vcnConfig == null) {
+                    logWtf("Vcn instance exists but VcnConfig does not for " + subGrp);
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/LimitInputStream.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/LimitInputStream.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a91bbb7..0000000
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/LimitInputStream.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.integrity.parser;
-
-import java.io.FilterInputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-
-/** An {@link InputStream} that basically truncates another {@link InputStream} */
-public class LimitInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
-    private int mReadBytes;
-    private final int mLimit;
-
-    public LimitInputStream(InputStream in, int limit) {
-        super(in);
-        if (limit < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("limit " + limit + " cannot be negative");
-        }
-        mReadBytes = 0;
-        mLimit = limit;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int available() throws IOException {
-        return Math.min(super.available(), mLimit - mReadBytes);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read() throws IOException {
-        if (mReadBytes == mLimit) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        mReadBytes++;
-        return super.read();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException {
-        return read(b, 0, b.length);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-        if (len <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int available = available();
-        if (available <= 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        int result = super.read(b, off, Math.min(len, available));
-        mReadBytes += result;
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
-        if (n <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int available = available();
-        if (available <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int bytesToSkip = (int) Math.min(available, n);
-        long bytesSkipped = super.skip(bytesToSkip);
-        mReadBytes += (int) bytesSkipped;
-        return bytesSkipped;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessInputStream.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessInputStream.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 206e6a1..0000000
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessInputStream.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.integrity.parser;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-
-/** A wrapper around {@link RandomAccessObject} to turn it into a {@link InputStream}. */
-public class RandomAccessInputStream extends InputStream {
-
-    private final RandomAccessObject mRandomAccessObject;
-
-    private int mPosition;
-
-    public RandomAccessInputStream(RandomAccessObject object) throws IOException {
-        mRandomAccessObject = object;
-        mPosition = 0;
-    }
-
-    /** Returns the position of the file pointer. */
-    public int getPosition() {
-        return mPosition;
-    }
-
-    /** See {@link RandomAccessObject#seek(int)} */
-    public void seek(int position) throws IOException {
-        mRandomAccessObject.seek(position);
-        mPosition = position;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int available() throws IOException {
-        return mRandomAccessObject.length() - mPosition;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void close() throws IOException {
-        mRandomAccessObject.close();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read() throws IOException {
-        if (available() <= 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        mPosition++;
-        return mRandomAccessObject.read();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException {
-        return read(b, 0, b.length);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-        if (len <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int available = available();
-        if (available <= 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        int result = mRandomAccessObject.read(b, off, Math.min(len, available));
-        mPosition += result;
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
-        if (n <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int available = available();
-        if (available <= 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        int skipAmount = (int) Math.min(available, n);
-        mPosition += skipAmount;
-        mRandomAccessObject.seek(mPosition);
-        return skipAmount;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessObject.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessObject.java
deleted file mode 100644
index d9b2e38..0000000
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/integrity/parser/RandomAccessObject.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.integrity.parser;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-
-/** An interface for random access objects like RandomAccessFile or byte arrays. */
-public abstract class RandomAccessObject {
-
-    /** See {@link RandomAccessFile#seek(long)}. */
-    public abstract void seek(int position) throws IOException;
-
-    /** See {@link RandomAccessFile#read()}. */
-    public abstract int read() throws IOException;
-
-    /** See {@link RandomAccessFile#read(byte[], int, int)}. */
-    public abstract int read(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) throws IOException;
-
-    /** See {@link RandomAccessFile#close()}. */
-    public abstract void close() throws IOException;
-
-    /** See {@link java.io.RandomAccessFile#length()}. */
-    public abstract int length();
-
-    /** Static constructor from a file. */
-    public static RandomAccessObject ofFile(File file) throws IOException {
-        return new RandomAccessFileObject(file);
-    }
-
-    /** Static constructor from a byte array. */
-    public static RandomAccessObject ofBytes(byte[] bytes) {
-        return new RandomAccessByteArrayObject(bytes);
-    }
-
-    private static class RandomAccessFileObject extends RandomAccessObject {
-        private final RandomAccessFile mRandomAccessFile;
-        // We cache the length since File.length() invokes file IO.
-        private final int mLength;
-
-        RandomAccessFileObject(File file) throws IOException {
-            long length = file.length();
-            if (length > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
-                throw new IOException("Unsupported file size (too big) " + length);
-            }
-
-            mRandomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, /* mode= */ "r");
-            mLength = (int) length;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void seek(int position) throws IOException {
-            mRandomAccessFile.seek(position);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int read() throws IOException {
-            return mRandomAccessFile.read();
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int read(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-            return mRandomAccessFile.read(bytes, off, len);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void close() throws IOException {
-            mRandomAccessFile.close();
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int length() {
-            return mLength;
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static class RandomAccessByteArrayObject extends RandomAccessObject {
-
-        private final ByteBuffer mBytes;
-
-        RandomAccessByteArrayObject(byte[] bytes) {
-            mBytes = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void seek(int position) throws IOException {
-            mBytes.position(position);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int read() throws IOException {
-            if (!mBytes.hasRemaining()) {
-                return -1;
-            }
-
-            return mBytes.get() & 0xFF;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public int read(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) throws IOException {
-            int bytesToCopy = Math.min(len, mBytes.remaining());
-            if (bytesToCopy <= 0) {
-                return 0;
-            }
-            mBytes.get(bytes, off, len);
-            return bytesToCopy;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void close() throws IOException {}
-
-        @Override
-        public int length() {
-            return mBytes.capacity();
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/locksettings/LockSettingsService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/locksettings/LockSettingsService.java
index bbdac56..8798a64 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/locksettings/LockSettingsService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/locksettings/LockSettingsService.java
@@ -1183,9 +1183,7 @@
 
             // If config_disableWeaverOnUnsecuredUsers=true, then the Weaver HAL may be buggy and
             // need multiple retries before it works here to unwrap the SP, if the SP was already
-            // protected by Weaver.  Note that the problematic HAL can also deadlock if called with
-            // the ActivityManagerService lock held, but that should not be a problem here since
-            // that lock isn't held here, unlike unlockUserKeyIfUnsecured() where it is.
+            // protected by Weaver.
             for (int i = 0; i < 12 && sp == null; i++) {
                 Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to unwrap synthetic password. Waiting 5 seconds to retry.");
                 SystemClock.sleep(5000);
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
index 2441e77..937699a 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 set noparent
 
-benedictwong@google.com
-ckesting@google.com
 evitayan@google.com
-junyin@google.com
 nharold@google.com
+benedictwong@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+yangji@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/TelephonySubscriptionTracker.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/TelephonySubscriptionTracker.java
index baf84cf..3392d03 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/TelephonySubscriptionTracker.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/TelephonySubscriptionTracker.java
@@ -436,6 +436,17 @@
             return mPrivilegedPackages.keySet();
         }
 
+        /** Returns all subscription groups */
+        @NonNull
+        public Set<ParcelUuid> getAllSubscriptionGroups() {
+            final Set<ParcelUuid> subGroups = new ArraySet<>();
+            for (SubscriptionInfo subInfo : mSubIdToInfoMap.values()) {
+                subGroups.add(subInfo.getGroupUuid());
+            }
+
+            return subGroups;
+        }
+
         /** Checks if the provided package is carrier privileged for the specified sub group. */
         public boolean packageHasPermissionsForSubscriptionGroup(
                 @NonNull ParcelUuid subGrp, @NonNull String packageName) {
diff --git a/tests/vcn/OWNERS b/tests/vcn/OWNERS
index 2441e77..937699a 100644
--- a/tests/vcn/OWNERS
+++ b/tests/vcn/OWNERS
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 set noparent
 
-benedictwong@google.com
-ckesting@google.com
 evitayan@google.com
-junyin@google.com
 nharold@google.com
+benedictwong@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+yangji@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
diff --git a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementServiceTest.java b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementServiceTest.java
index 7e0bbc4..3828a71 100644
--- a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementServiceTest.java
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.Uri;
+import android.net.vcn.Flags;
 import android.net.vcn.IVcnStatusCallback;
 import android.net.vcn.IVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener;
 import android.net.vcn.VcnConfig;
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
+import android.platform.test.flag.junit.SetFlagsRule;
 import android.telephony.SubscriptionInfo;
 import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@
 import com.android.server.vcn.util.PersistableBundleUtils.PersistableBundleWrapper;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
@@ -119,6 +122,8 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class VcnManagementServiceTest {
+    @Rule public final SetFlagsRule mSetFlagsRule = new SetFlagsRule();
+
     private static final String CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTION_TAG = "VCN";
     private static final String TEST_PACKAGE_NAME =
             VcnManagementServiceTest.class.getPackage().getName();
@@ -288,6 +293,8 @@
         doReturn(Collections.singleton(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
                 .when(mMockDeps)
                 .getRestrictedTransports(any(), any(), any());
+
+        mSetFlagsRule.enableFlags(Flags.FLAG_FIX_CONFIG_GARBAGE_COLLECTION);
     }
 
 
@@ -438,6 +445,14 @@
             return subIds;
         }).when(snapshot).getAllSubIdsInGroup(any());
 
+        doAnswer(invocation -> {
+            final Set<ParcelUuid> subGroups = new ArraySet<>();
+            for (Entry<Integer, ParcelUuid> entry : subIdToGroupMap.entrySet()) {
+                subGroups.add(entry.getValue());
+            }
+            return subGroups;
+        }).when(snapshot).getAllSubscriptionGroups();
+
         return snapshot;
     }
 
@@ -1483,6 +1498,28 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testGarbageCollectionKeepConfigUntilNewSnapshot() throws Exception {
+        setupActiveSubscription(TEST_UUID_2);
+        startAndGetVcnInstance(TEST_UUID_2);
+
+        // Report loss of subscription from mSubMgr
+        doReturn(Collections.emptyList()).when(mSubMgr).getSubscriptionsInGroup(any());
+        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(
+                TEST_UUID_2,
+                Collections.singleton(TEST_UUID_2),
+                Collections.singletonMap(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID, TEST_UUID_2));
+
+        assertTrue(mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs().containsKey(TEST_UUID_2));
+
+        // Report loss of subscription from snapshot
+        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(null, Collections.emptySet());
+
+        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS);
+        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
+        assertFalse(mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs().containsKey(TEST_UUID_2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testVcnCarrierConfigChangeUpdatesPolicyListener() throws Exception {
         setupActiveSubscription(TEST_UUID_2);