diff --git a/core/java/android/provider/Settings.java b/core/java/android/provider/Settings.java
index 942ce971..c1e5236 100644
--- a/core/java/android/provider/Settings.java
+++ b/core/java/android/provider/Settings.java
@@ -15021,6 +15021,16 @@
                 "foreground_service_starts_logging_enabled";
 
         /**
+         * Describes whether AM's AppProfiler should collect PSS even if RSS is the default. This
+         * can be set by a user in developer settings.
+         * Default: 0
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @Readable
+        public static final String FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING =
+                "force_enable_pss_profiling";
+
+        /**
          * @hide
          * @see com.android.server.appbinding.AppBindingConstants
          */
diff --git a/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/backup/GlobalSettings.java b/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/backup/GlobalSettings.java
index e5dbe5f..e9b9656 100644
--- a/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/backup/GlobalSettings.java
+++ b/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/backup/GlobalSettings.java
@@ -112,5 +112,6 @@
         Settings.Global.Wearable.SCREENSHOT_ENABLED,
         Settings.Global.Wearable.SCREEN_UNLOCK_SOUND_ENABLED,
         Settings.Global.Wearable.CHARGING_SOUNDS_ENABLED,
+        Settings.Global.FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING,
     };
 }
diff --git a/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/validators/GlobalSettingsValidators.java b/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/validators/GlobalSettingsValidators.java
index 3027c5f..723c1c2 100644
--- a/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/validators/GlobalSettingsValidators.java
+++ b/packages/SettingsProvider/src/android/provider/settings/validators/GlobalSettingsValidators.java
@@ -447,5 +447,6 @@
         VALIDATORS.put(Global.Wearable.WEAR_LAUNCHER_UI_MODE, ANY_INTEGER_VALIDATOR);
         VALIDATORS.put(Global.Wearable.WEAR_POWER_ANOMALY_SERVICE_ENABLED, BOOLEAN_VALIDATOR);
         VALIDATORS.put(Global.Wearable.CONNECTIVITY_KEEP_DATA_ON, BOOLEAN_VALIDATOR);
+        VALIDATORS.put(Global.FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING, BOOLEAN_VALIDATOR);
     }
 }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerConstants.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerConstants.java
index 1c3c21c..72e62c3 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerConstants.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerConstants.java
@@ -650,6 +650,10 @@
     // foreground service background start restriction.
     volatile boolean mFgsStartRestrictionNotificationEnabled = false;
 
+    // Indicates whether PSS profiling in AppProfiler is force-enabled, even if RSS is used by
+    // default. Controlled by Settings.Global.FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING
+    volatile boolean mForceEnablePssProfiling = false;
+
     /**
      * Indicates whether the foreground service background start restriction is enabled for
      * caller app that is targeting S+.
@@ -979,6 +983,9 @@
     private static final Uri ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_SYSTEM_SERVER_HEAP_DUMPS_URI =
             Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_SYSTEM_SERVER_HEAP_DUMPS);
 
+    private static final Uri FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING_URI =
+            Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING);
+
     /**
      * The threshold to decide if a given association should be dumped into metrics.
      */
@@ -1389,6 +1396,7 @@
             mResolver.registerContentObserver(ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_SYSTEM_SERVER_HEAP_DUMPS_URI,
                     false, this);
         }
+        mResolver.registerContentObserver(FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING_URI, false, this);
         updateConstants();
         if (mSystemServerAutomaticHeapDumpEnabled) {
             updateEnableAutomaticSystemServerHeapDumps();
@@ -1404,6 +1412,7 @@
         // The following read from Settings.
         updateActivityStartsLoggingEnabled();
         updateForegroundServiceStartsLoggingEnabled();
+        updateForceEnablePssProfiling();
         // Read DropboxRateLimiter params from flags.
         mService.initDropboxRateLimiter();
     }
@@ -1445,6 +1454,8 @@
             updateForegroundServiceStartsLoggingEnabled();
         } else if (ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_SYSTEM_SERVER_HEAP_DUMPS_URI.equals(uri)) {
             updateEnableAutomaticSystemServerHeapDumps();
+        } else if (FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING_URI.equals(uri)) {
+            updateForceEnablePssProfiling();
         }
     }
 
@@ -1559,6 +1570,11 @@
                 Settings.Global.ACTIVITY_STARTS_LOGGING_ENABLED, 1) == 1;
     }
 
+    private void updateForceEnablePssProfiling() {
+        mForceEnablePssProfiling = Settings.Global.getInt(mResolver,
+                Settings.Global.FORCE_ENABLE_PSS_PROFILING, 0) == 1;
+    }
+
     private void updateBackgroundActivityStarts() {
         mFlagBackgroundActivityStartsEnabled = DeviceConfig.getBoolean(
                 DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_ACTIVITY_MANAGER,
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
index f8451fd..671c8e9 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
@@ -327,7 +327,6 @@
 import android.os.DropBoxManager;
 import android.os.FactoryTest;
 import android.os.FileUtils;
-import android.os.Flags;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.IDeviceIdentifiersPolicyService;
@@ -8608,7 +8607,7 @@
                         final long initialIdlePssOrRss, lastPssOrRss, lastSwapPss;
                         synchronized (mAppProfiler.mProfilerLock) {
                             initialIdlePssOrRss = pr.getInitialIdlePssOrRss();
-                            lastPssOrRss = !Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()
+                            lastPssOrRss = mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()
                                     ? pr.getLastPss() : pr.getLastRss();
                             lastSwapPss = pr.getLastSwapPss();
                         }
@@ -8618,14 +8617,14 @@
                             final StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder(128);
                             sb2.append("Kill");
                             sb2.append(proc.processName);
-                            if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+                            if (mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()) {
                                 sb2.append(" in idle maint: pss=");
                             } else {
                                 sb2.append(" in idle maint: rss=");
                             }
                             sb2.append(lastPssOrRss);
 
-                            if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+                            if (mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()) {
                                 sb2.append(", swapPss=");
                                 sb2.append(lastSwapPss);
                                 sb2.append(", initialPss=");
@@ -8640,7 +8639,7 @@
                             Slog.wtfQuiet(TAG, sb2.toString());
                             mHandler.post(() -> {
                                 synchronized (ActivityManagerService.this) {
-                                    proc.killLocked(!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()
+                                    proc.killLocked(mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()
                                             ? "idle maint (pss " : "idle maint (rss " + lastPssOrRss
                                             + " from " + initialIdlePssOrRss + ")",
                                             ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_OTHER,
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/AppProfiler.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/AppProfiler.java
index 2e0aec9..e4956b3 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/AppProfiler.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/AppProfiler.java
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
         public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
             switch (msg.what) {
                 case COLLECT_PSS_BG_MSG:
-                    if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+                    if (isProfilingPss()) {
                         collectPssInBackground();
                     } else {
                         collectRssInBackground();
@@ -748,6 +748,11 @@
         } while (true);
     }
 
+    boolean isProfilingPss() {
+        return !Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()
+                || mService.mConstants.mForceEnablePssProfiling;
+    }
+
     // This method is analogous to collectPssInBackground() and is intended to be used as a
     // replacement if Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection() is enabled. References to PSS in
     // methods outside of AppProfiler have generally been kept where a new RSS equivalent is not
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/OomAdjuster.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/OomAdjuster.java
index b507a60..f49e25a 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/OomAdjuster.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/OomAdjuster.java
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.ServiceInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkPolicyManager;
-import android.os.Flags;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.PowerManagerInternal;
@@ -2418,7 +2417,7 @@
                     // normally be a B service, but if we are low on RAM and it
                     // is large we want to force it down since we would prefer to
                     // keep launcher over it.
-                    long lastPssOrRss = !Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()
+                    long lastPssOrRss = mService.mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()
                             ? app.mProfile.getLastPss() : app.mProfile.getLastRss();
 
                     // RSS is larger than PSS, but the RSS/PSS ratio varies per-process based on how
@@ -2427,9 +2426,8 @@
                     //
                     // TODO(b/296454553): Tune the second value so that the relative number of
                     // service B is similar before/after this flag is enabled.
-                    double thresholdModifier = !Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()
-                            ? 1
-                            : mConstants.PSS_TO_RSS_THRESHOLD_MODIFIER;
+                    double thresholdModifier = mService.mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()
+                            ? 1 : mConstants.PSS_TO_RSS_THRESHOLD_MODIFIER;
                     double cachedRestoreThreshold =
                             mProcessList.getCachedRestoreThresholdKb() * thresholdModifier;
 
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessList.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessList.java
index 9a9d4ee..b03183c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessList.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessList.java
@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.DropBoxManager;
-import android.os.Flags;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Looper;
@@ -4732,7 +4731,7 @@
                 pw.print("state: cur="); pw.print(makeProcStateString(state.getCurProcState()));
                 pw.print(" set="); pw.print(makeProcStateString(state.getSetProcState()));
                 // These values won't be collected if the flag is enabled.
-                if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+                if (service.mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()) {
                     pw.print(" lastPss=");
                     DebugUtils.printSizeValue(pw, r.mProfile.getLastPss() * 1024);
                     pw.print(" lastSwapPss=");
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessProfileRecord.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessProfileRecord.java
index 8ca64f8..d8f797c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessProfileRecord.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessProfileRecord.java
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import android.app.ProcessMemoryState.HostingComponentType;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.os.Debug;
-import android.os.Flags;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.util.DebugUtils;
@@ -677,7 +676,7 @@
     void dumpPss(PrintWriter pw, String prefix, long nowUptime) {
         synchronized (mProfilerLock) {
             // TODO(b/297542292): Remove this case once PSS profiling is replaced
-            if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+            if (mService.mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()) {
                 pw.print(prefix);
                 pw.print("lastPssTime=");
                 TimeUtils.formatDuration(mLastPssTime, nowUptime, pw);
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessStateRecord.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessStateRecord.java
index 5ad921f..3391ec7 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessStateRecord.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessStateRecord.java
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 import android.annotation.ElapsedRealtimeLong;
 import android.app.ActivityManager;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
-import android.os.Flags;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.Trace;
 import android.util.Slog;
@@ -1351,7 +1350,7 @@
         }
         if (mNotCachedSinceIdle) {
             pw.print(prefix); pw.print("notCachedSinceIdle="); pw.print(mNotCachedSinceIdle);
-            if (!Flags.removeAppProfilerPssCollection()) {
+            if (mService.mAppProfiler.isProfilingPss()) {
                 pw.print(" initialIdlePss=");
             } else {
                 pw.print(" initialIdleRss=");