diff --git a/core/java/android/os/GraphicsEnvironment.java b/core/java/android/os/GraphicsEnvironment.java
index e6bdfe1..538ed42 100644
--- a/core/java/android/os/GraphicsEnvironment.java
+++ b/core/java/android/os/GraphicsEnvironment.java
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
     private static final String ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_DEFAULT = "default";
     private static final String ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_ANGLE = "angle";
     private static final String ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_NATIVE = "native";
+    private static final String SYSTEM_ANGLE_STRING = "system";
 
     private static final String PROPERTY_RO_ANGLE_SUPPORTED = "ro.gfx.angle.supported";
 
@@ -124,7 +125,6 @@
     private GameManager mGameManager;
 
     private int mAngleOptInIndex = -1;
-    private boolean mEnabledByGameMode = false;
     private boolean mShouldUseAngle = false;
 
     /**
@@ -195,15 +195,16 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Query to determine if ANGLE should be used
+     * Query to determine the ANGLE driver choice.
      */
-    private boolean shouldUseAngle(Context context, Bundle coreSettings, String packageName) {
+    private String queryAngleChoice(Context context, Bundle coreSettings,
+                                               String packageName) {
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName)) {
             Log.v(TAG, "No package name specified; use the system driver");
-            return false;
+            return ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_DEFAULT;
         }
 
-        return shouldUseAngleInternal(context, coreSettings, packageName);
+        return queryAngleChoiceInternal(context, coreSettings, packageName);
     }
 
     private int getVulkanVersion(PackageManager pm) {
@@ -424,10 +425,11 @@
      *    forces a choice;
      * 3) Use ANGLE if isAngleEnabledByGameMode() returns true;
      */
-    private boolean shouldUseAngleInternal(Context context, Bundle bundle, String packageName) {
+    private String queryAngleChoiceInternal(Context context, Bundle bundle,
+                                                       String packageName) {
         // Make sure we have a good package name
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName)) {
-            return false;
+            return ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_DEFAULT;
         }
 
         // Check the semi-global switch (i.e. once system has booted enough) for whether ANGLE
@@ -442,7 +444,7 @@
         }
         if (allUseAngle == ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_ALL_ANGLE_ON) {
             Log.v(TAG, "Turn on ANGLE for all applications.");
-            return true;
+            return ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_ANGLE;
         }
 
         // Get the per-application settings lists
@@ -455,17 +457,19 @@
         Log.v(TAG, "  angle_gl_driver_selection_pkgs=" + optInPackages);
         Log.v(TAG, "  angle_gl_driver_selection_values=" + optInValues);
 
-        mEnabledByGameMode = isAngleEnabledByGameMode(context, packageName);
+        final String gameModeChoice = isAngleEnabledByGameMode(context, packageName)
+                                      ? ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_ANGLE
+                                      : ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_DEFAULT;
 
         // Make sure we have good settings to use
-        if (optInPackages.size() != optInValues.size()) {
+        if (optInPackages.size() == 0 || optInPackages.size() != optInValues.size()) {
             Log.v(TAG,
                     "Global.Settings values are invalid: "
                         + "number of packages: "
                             + optInPackages.size() + ", "
                         + "number of values: "
                             + optInValues.size());
-            return mEnabledByGameMode;
+            return gameModeChoice;
         }
 
         // See if this application is listed in the per-application settings list
@@ -473,7 +477,7 @@
 
         if (pkgIndex < 0) {
             Log.v(TAG, packageName + " is not listed in per-application setting");
-            return mEnabledByGameMode;
+            return gameModeChoice;
         }
         mAngleOptInIndex = pkgIndex;
 
@@ -484,13 +488,13 @@
                 "ANGLE Developer option for '" + packageName + "' "
                         + "set to: '" + optInValue + "'");
         if (optInValue.equals(ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_ANGLE)) {
-            return true;
+            return ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_ANGLE;
         } else if (optInValue.equals(ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_NATIVE)) {
-            return false;
+            return ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_NATIVE;
         } else {
             // The user either chose default or an invalid value; go with the default driver or what
             // the game mode indicates
-            return mEnabledByGameMode;
+            return gameModeChoice;
         }
     }
 
@@ -557,8 +561,12 @@
      */
     private boolean setupAngle(Context context, Bundle bundle, PackageManager packageManager,
             String packageName) {
-
-        if (!shouldUseAngle(context, bundle, packageName)) {
+        final String angleChoice = queryAngleChoice(context, bundle, packageName);
+        if (angleChoice.equals(ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_DEFAULT)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (angleChoice.equals(ANGLE_GL_DRIVER_CHOICE_NATIVE)) {
+            nativeSetAngleInfo("", true, packageName, null);
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -627,10 +635,10 @@
             Log.d(TAG, "ANGLE package libs: " + paths);
         }
 
-        // If we make it to here, ANGLE will be used.  Call setAngleInfo() with the package name,
-        // and features to use.
+        // If we make it to here, ANGLE apk will be used.  Call nativeSetAngleInfo() with the
+        // application package name and ANGLE features to use.
         final String[] features = getAngleEglFeatures(context, bundle);
-        setAngleInfo(paths, false, packageName, features);
+        nativeSetAngleInfo(paths, false, packageName, features);
 
         return true;
     }
@@ -652,10 +660,10 @@
             return false;
         }
 
-        // If we make it to here, ANGLE will be used.  Call setAngleInfo() with the package name,
-        // and features to use.
+        // If we make it to here, system ANGLE will be used.  Call nativeSetAngleInfo() with
+        // the application package name and ANGLE features to use.
         final String[] features = getAngleEglFeatures(context, bundle);
-        setAngleInfo("", true, packageName, features);
+        nativeSetAngleInfo(SYSTEM_ANGLE_STRING, false, packageName, features);
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -936,8 +944,8 @@
     private static native void setDriverPathAndSphalLibraries(String path, String sphalLibraries);
     private static native void setGpuStats(String driverPackageName, String driverVersionName,
             long driverVersionCode, long driverBuildTime, String appPackageName, int vulkanVersion);
-    private static native void setAngleInfo(String path, boolean useSystemAngle, String packageName,
-            String[] features);
+    private static native void nativeSetAngleInfo(String path, boolean useNativeDriver,
+            String packageName, String[] features);
     private static native boolean setInjectLayersPrSetDumpable();
     private static native void nativeToggleAngleAsSystemDriver(boolean enabled);
 
diff --git a/core/jni/android_os_GraphicsEnvironment.cpp b/core/jni/android_os_GraphicsEnvironment.cpp
index afc3cbd..8fc30d1 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_os_GraphicsEnvironment.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_os_GraphicsEnvironment.cpp
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
                                                     appPackageNameChars.c_str(), vulkanVersion);
 }
 
-void setAngleInfo_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring path, jboolean useSystemAngle,
+void setAngleInfo_native(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring path, jboolean useNativeDriver,
                          jstring packageName, jobjectArray featuresObj) {
     ScopedUtfChars pathChars(env, path);
     ScopedUtfChars packageNameChars(env, packageName);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    android::GraphicsEnv::getInstance().setAngleInfo(pathChars.c_str(), useSystemAngle,
+    android::GraphicsEnv::getInstance().setAngleInfo(pathChars.c_str(), useNativeDriver,
                                                      packageNameChars.c_str(), features);
 }
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
          reinterpret_cast<void*>(setGpuStats_native)},
         {"setInjectLayersPrSetDumpable", "()Z",
          reinterpret_cast<void*>(setInjectLayersPrSetDumpable_native)},
-        {"setAngleInfo", "(Ljava/lang/String;ZLjava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V",
+        {"nativeSetAngleInfo", "(Ljava/lang/String;ZLjava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V",
          reinterpret_cast<void*>(setAngleInfo_native)},
         {"setLayerPaths", "(Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;Ljava/lang/String;)V",
          reinterpret_cast<void*>(setLayerPaths_native)},