diff --git a/core/api/current.txt b/core/api/current.txt
index 6b05a31..21baba5 100644
--- a/core/api/current.txt
+++ b/core/api/current.txt
@@ -22411,12 +22411,16 @@
     method @NonNull public String getCanonicalName();
     method public android.media.MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities getCapabilitiesForType(String);
     method @NonNull public String getName();
+    method @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public int getSecurityModel();
     method public String[] getSupportedTypes();
     method public boolean isAlias();
     method public boolean isEncoder();
     method public boolean isHardwareAccelerated();
     method public boolean isSoftwareOnly();
     method public boolean isVendor();
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE = 1; // 0x1
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED = 0; // 0x0
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY = 2; // 0x2
   }
 
   public static final class MediaCodecInfo.AudioCapabilities {
@@ -23245,6 +23249,9 @@
     field public static final int COLOR_TRANSFER_LINEAR = 1; // 0x1
     field public static final int COLOR_TRANSFER_SDR_VIDEO = 3; // 0x3
     field public static final int COLOR_TRANSFER_ST2084 = 6; // 0x6
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE = 2; // 0x2
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED = 1; // 0x1
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY = 4; // 0x4
     field public static final String KEY_AAC_DRC_ALBUM_MODE = "aac-drc-album-mode";
     field public static final String KEY_AAC_DRC_ATTENUATION_FACTOR = "aac-drc-cut-level";
     field public static final String KEY_AAC_DRC_BOOST_FACTOR = "aac-drc-boost-level";
@@ -23326,6 +23333,7 @@
     field public static final String KEY_REPEAT_PREVIOUS_FRAME_AFTER = "repeat-previous-frame-after";
     field public static final String KEY_ROTATION = "rotation-degrees";
     field public static final String KEY_SAMPLE_RATE = "sample-rate";
+    field @FlaggedApi("android.media.codec.in_process_sw_audio_codec") public static final String KEY_SECURITY_MODEL = "security-model";
     field public static final String KEY_SLICE_HEIGHT = "slice-height";
     field public static final String KEY_SLOW_MOTION_MARKERS = "slow-motion-markers";
     field public static final String KEY_STRIDE = "stride";
diff --git a/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java b/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
index 3174c37..1e7bc47 100644
--- a/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
+++ b/media/java/android/media/MediaCodecInfo.java
@@ -20,10 +20,12 @@
 import static android.media.Utils.sortDistinctRanges;
 import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_DYNAMIC_COLOR_ASPECTS;
 import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_HLG_EDITING;
+import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC;
 import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_NULL_OUTPUT_SURFACE;
 import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_REGION_OF_INTEREST;
 
 import android.annotation.FlaggedApi;
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.IntRange;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -40,6 +42,8 @@
 import android.util.Rational;
 import android.util.Size;
 
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -1808,6 +1812,55 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /** @hide */
+    @IntDef(prefix = {"SECURITY_MODEL_"}, value = {
+        SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED,
+        SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE,
+        SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY,
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    public @interface SecurityModel {}
+
+    /**
+     * In this model the codec is running in a sandboxed process. Even if a
+     * malicious content was fed to the codecs in this model, the impact will
+     * be contained in the sandboxed process.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED = 0;
+    /**
+     * In this model the codec is not running in a sandboxed process, but
+     * written in a memory-safe way. It typically means that the software
+     * implementation of the codec is written in a memory-safe language such
+     * as Rust.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE = 1;
+    /**
+     * In this model the codec is suitable only for trusted content where
+     * the input can be verified to be well-formed and no malicious actor
+     * can alter it. For example, codecs in this model are not suitable
+     * for arbitrary media downloaded from the internet or present in a user
+     * directory. On the other hand, they could be suitable for media encoded
+     * in the backend that the app developer wholly controls.
+     * <p>
+     * Codecs with this security model is not included in
+     * {@link MediaCodecList#REGULAR_CODECS}, but included in
+     * {@link MediaCodecList#ALL_CODECS}.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Query the security model of the codec.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    @SecurityModel
+    public int getSecurityModel() {
+        // TODO b/297922713 --- detect security model of out-of-sandbox codecs
+        return SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED;
+    }
+
     /**
      * A class that supports querying the video capabilities of a codec.
      */
diff --git a/media/java/android/media/MediaFormat.java b/media/java/android/media/MediaFormat.java
index 5e40eee..7b83842 100644
--- a/media/java/android/media/MediaFormat.java
+++ b/media/java/android/media/MediaFormat.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.media;
 
+import static android.media.codec.Flags.FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC;
+
 import static com.android.media.codec.flags.Flags.FLAG_CODEC_IMPORTANCE;
 import static com.android.media.codec.flags.Flags.FLAG_LARGE_AUDIO_FRAME;
 
@@ -1715,6 +1717,58 @@
     @FlaggedApi(FLAG_CODEC_IMPORTANCE)
     public static final String KEY_IMPORTANCE = "importance";
 
+    /** @hide */
+    @IntDef(flag = true, prefix = {"FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_"}, value = {
+        FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED,
+        FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE,
+        FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY,
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    public @interface SecurityModelFlag {}
+
+    /**
+     * Flag for {@link MediaCodecInfo#SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED}.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED =
+            (1 << MediaCodecInfo.SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED);
+    /**
+     * Flag for {@link MediaCodecInfo#SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE}.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE =
+            (1 << MediaCodecInfo.SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE);
+    /**
+     * Flag for {@link MediaCodecInfo#SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY}.
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final int FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY =
+            (1 << MediaCodecInfo.SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY);
+
+    /**
+     * A key describing the requested security model as flags.
+     * <p>
+     * The associated value is a flag of the following values:
+     * {@link FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED},
+     * {@link FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_MEMORY_SAFE},
+     * {@link FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_TRUSTED_CONTENT_ONLY}. The default value is
+     * {@link FLAG_SECURITY_MODEL_SANDBOXED}.
+     * <p>
+     * When passed to {@link MediaCodecList#findDecoderForFormat} or
+     * {@link MediaCodecList#findEncoderForFormat}, MediaCodecList filters
+     * the security model of the codecs according to this flag value.
+     * <p>
+     * When passed to {@link MediaCodec#configure}, MediaCodec verifies
+     * the security model matches the flag value passed, and throws
+     * {@link java.lang.IllegalArgumentException} if the model does not match.
+     * <p>
+     * @see MediaCodecInfo#getSecurityModel
+     * @see MediaCodecList#findDecoderForFormat
+     * @see MediaCodecList#findEncoderForFormat
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(FLAG_IN_PROCESS_SW_AUDIO_CODEC)
+    public static final String KEY_SECURITY_MODEL = "security-model";
+
     /* package private */ MediaFormat(@NonNull Map<String, Object> map) {
         mMap = map;
     }