diff --git a/packages/Connectivity/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt b/packages/Connectivity/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
index 4719772..9e2cd3e 100644
--- a/packages/Connectivity/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
+++ b/packages/Connectivity/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
     method @NonNull public static String getPrivateDnsMode(@NonNull android.content.Context);
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS}) public void registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(int, @NonNull android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback, @NonNull android.os.Handler);
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS}) public void registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback(@NonNull android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback, @NonNull android.os.Handler);
-    method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void requestBackgroundNetwork(@NonNull android.net.NetworkRequest, @NonNull android.os.Handler, @NonNull android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback);
+    method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void requestBackgroundNetwork(@NonNull android.net.NetworkRequest, @NonNull android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback, @NonNull android.os.Handler);
     method @Deprecated public boolean requestRouteToHostAddress(int, java.net.InetAddress);
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void setAcceptPartialConnectivity(@NonNull android.net.Network, boolean, boolean);
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void setAcceptUnvalidated(@NonNull android.net.Network, boolean, boolean);
diff --git a/packages/Connectivity/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/packages/Connectivity/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index 0418450..043ff38 100644
--- a/packages/Connectivity/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/packages/Connectivity/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -5307,10 +5307,10 @@
      * {@link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)}.
      *
      * @param request {@link NetworkRequest} describing this request.
-     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread upon which the callback will be invoked.
-     *                If null, the callback is invoked on the default internal Handler.
      * @param networkCallback The {@link NetworkCallback} to be utilized for this request. Note
      *                        the callback must not be shared - it uniquely specifies this request.
+     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread upon which the callback will be invoked.
+     *                If null, the callback is invoked on the default internal Handler.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code request} contains invalid network capabilities.
      * @throws SecurityException if missing the appropriate permissions.
      * @throws RuntimeException if the app already has too many callbacks registered.
@@ -5325,7 +5325,8 @@
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK
     })
     public void requestBackgroundNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
-            @NonNull Handler handler, @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback,
+            @SuppressLint("ListenerLast") @NonNull Handler handler) {
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = request.networkCapabilities;
         sendRequestForNetwork(nc, networkCallback, 0, BACKGROUND_REQUEST,
                 TYPE_NONE, new CallbackHandler(handler));
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTracker.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTracker.java
index ab9de77..ab214e8 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTracker.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTracker.java
@@ -118,18 +118,18 @@
         if (!mIsQuitting) {
             mRouteSelectionCallback = new RouteSelectionCallback();
             mConnectivityManager.requestBackgroundNetwork(
-                    getRouteSelectionRequest(), mHandler, mRouteSelectionCallback);
+                    getRouteSelectionRequest(), mRouteSelectionCallback, mHandler);
 
             mWifiBringupCallback = new NetworkBringupCallback();
             mConnectivityManager.requestBackgroundNetwork(
-                    getWifiNetworkRequest(), mHandler, mWifiBringupCallback);
+                    getWifiNetworkRequest(), mWifiBringupCallback, mHandler);
 
             for (final int subId : mLastSnapshot.getAllSubIdsInGroup(mSubscriptionGroup)) {
                 final NetworkBringupCallback cb = new NetworkBringupCallback();
                 mCellBringupCallbacks.add(cb);
 
                 mConnectivityManager.requestBackgroundNetwork(
-                        getCellNetworkRequestForSubId(subId), mHandler, cb);
+                        getCellNetworkRequestForSubId(subId), cb, mHandler);
             }
         } else {
             mRouteSelectionCallback = null;
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 6cbdd25..19f8843 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@
                 eq(TRACK_DEFAULT.ordinal()), any(), anyInt(), any(), eq(TYPE_NONE), anyInt(),
                 eq(testPkgName), eq(testAttributionTag));
 
-        manager.requestBackgroundNetwork(request, handler, callback);
+        manager.requestBackgroundNetwork(request, callback, handler);
         verify(mService).requestNetwork(eq(Process.INVALID_UID), eq(request.networkCapabilities),
                 eq(BACKGROUND_REQUEST.ordinal()), any(), anyInt(), any(), eq(TYPE_NONE), anyInt(),
                 eq(testPkgName), eq(testAttributionTag));
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 790f3be..91811f6 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -4262,7 +4262,7 @@
         final TestNetworkCallback cellBgCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         mCm.requestBackgroundNetwork(new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).build(),
-                mCsHandlerThread.getThreadHandler(), cellBgCallback);
+                cellBgCallback, mCsHandlerThread.getThreadHandler());
 
         // Make callbacks for monitoring.
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
diff --git a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTrackerTest.java b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTrackerTest.java
index b592000..0c7363e 100644
--- a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTrackerTest.java
+++ b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/UnderlyingNetworkTrackerTest.java
@@ -153,21 +153,19 @@
         verify(mConnectivityManager)
                 .requestBackgroundNetwork(
                         eq(getWifiRequest(expectedSubIds)),
-                        any(),
-                        any(NetworkBringupCallback.class));
+                        any(NetworkBringupCallback.class),
+                        any());
         for (final int subId : expectedSubIds) {
             verify(mConnectivityManager)
                     .requestBackgroundNetwork(
                             eq(getCellRequestForSubId(subId)),
-                            any(),
-                            any(NetworkBringupCallback.class));
+                            any(NetworkBringupCallback.class), any());
         }
 
         verify(mConnectivityManager)
                 .requestBackgroundNetwork(
                         eq(getRouteSelectionRequest(expectedSubIds)),
-                        any(),
-                        any(RouteSelectionCallback.class));
+                        any(RouteSelectionCallback.class), any());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -267,8 +265,8 @@
         verify(mConnectivityManager)
                 .requestBackgroundNetwork(
                         eq(getRouteSelectionRequest(INITIAL_SUB_IDS)),
-                        any(),
-                        mRouteSelectionCallbackCaptor.capture());
+                        mRouteSelectionCallbackCaptor.capture(),
+                        any());
 
         RouteSelectionCallback cb = mRouteSelectionCallbackCaptor.getValue();
         cb.onAvailable(mNetwork);