diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetector.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetector.java
index ed9fa65..c5d3333 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetector.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetector.java
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@
 
 package com.android.server.vcn.routeselection;
 
+import static com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility;
 import static com.android.server.vcn.util.PersistableBundleUtils.PersistableBundleWrapper;
 
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
@@ -38,6 +40,10 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility;
 import com.android.server.vcn.VcnContext;
 
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 import java.util.BitSet;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -56,8 +62,32 @@
 public class IpSecPacketLossDetector extends NetworkMetricMonitor {
     private static final String TAG = IpSecPacketLossDetector.class.getSimpleName();
 
-    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = Visibility.PRIVATE)
-    static final int PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE = -1;
+    private static final int PACKET_LOSS_PERCENT_UNAVAILABLE = -1;
+
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            prefix = {"PACKET_LOSS_"},
+            value = {
+                PACKET_LOSS_RATE_VALID,
+                PACKET_LOSS_RATE_INVALID,
+            })
+    @Target({ElementType.TYPE_USE})
+    private @interface PacketLossResultType {}
+
+    /** Indicates a valid packet loss rate is available */
+    private static final int PACKET_LOSS_RATE_VALID = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates that the detector cannot get a valid packet loss rate due to one of the following
+     * reasons:
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li>The replay window did not proceed and thus all packets might have been delivered out of
+     *       order
+     *   <li>There are unexpected errors
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    private static final int PACKET_LOSS_RATE_INVALID = 1;
 
     // For VoIP, losses between 5% and 10% of the total packet stream will affect the quality
     // significantly (as per "Computer Networking for LANS to WANS: Hardware, Software and
@@ -307,24 +337,24 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        final int packetLossRate =
+        final PacketLossCalculationResult calculateResult =
                 mPacketLossCalculator.getPacketLossRatePercentage(
                         mLastIpSecTransformState, state, getLogPrefix());
 
-        if (packetLossRate == PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE) {
+        if (calculateResult.getResultType() == PACKET_LOSS_RATE_INVALID) {
             return;
         }
 
         final String logMsg =
-                "packetLossRate: "
-                        + packetLossRate
+                "calculateResult: "
+                        + calculateResult
                         + "% in the past "
                         + (state.getTimestampMillis()
                                 - mLastIpSecTransformState.getTimestampMillis())
                         + "ms";
 
         mLastIpSecTransformState = state;
-        if (packetLossRate < mPacketLossRatePercentThreshold) {
+        if (calculateResult.getPacketLossRatePercent() < mPacketLossRatePercentThreshold) {
             logV(logMsg);
             onValidationResultReceivedInternal(false /* isFailed */);
         } else {
@@ -343,7 +373,7 @@
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = Visibility.PRIVATE)
     public static class PacketLossCalculator {
         /** Calculate the packet loss rate between two timestamps */
-        public int getPacketLossRatePercentage(
+        public PacketLossCalculationResult getPacketLossRatePercentage(
                 @NonNull IpSecTransformState oldState,
                 @NonNull IpSecTransformState newState,
                 String logPrefix) {
@@ -359,7 +389,7 @@
             if (oldSeqHi == newSeqHi || newSeqHi < replayWindowSize) {
                 // The replay window did not proceed and all packets might have been delivered out
                 // of order
-                return PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE;
+                return PacketLossCalculationResult.invalid();
             }
 
             // Get the expected packet count by assuming there is no packet loss. In this case, SA
@@ -386,10 +416,11 @@
                     || actualPktCntDiff < 0
                     || actualPktCntDiff > expectedPktCntDiff) {
                 logWtf(TAG, "Impossible values for expectedPktCntDiff or" + " actualPktCntDiff");
-                return PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE;
+                return PacketLossCalculationResult.invalid();
             }
 
-            return 100 - (int) (actualPktCntDiff * 100 / expectedPktCntDiff);
+            final int percent = 100 - (int) (actualPktCntDiff * 100 / expectedPktCntDiff);
+            return PacketLossCalculationResult.valid(percent);
         }
     }
 
@@ -409,4 +440,59 @@
     private static long getPacketCntInReplayWindow(@NonNull IpSecTransformState state) {
         return BitSet.valueOf(state.getReplayBitmap()).cardinality();
     }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = Visibility.PRIVATE)
+    public static class PacketLossCalculationResult {
+        @PacketLossResultType private final int mResultType;
+        private final int mPacketLossRatePercent;
+
+        private PacketLossCalculationResult(@PacketLossResultType int type, int percent) {
+            mResultType = type;
+            mPacketLossRatePercent = percent;
+        }
+
+        /** Construct an instance that contains a valid packet loss rate */
+        public static PacketLossCalculationResult valid(int percent) {
+            return new PacketLossCalculationResult(PACKET_LOSS_RATE_VALID, percent);
+        }
+
+        /** Construct an instance indicating the inability to get a valid packet loss rate */
+        public static PacketLossCalculationResult invalid() {
+            return new PacketLossCalculationResult(
+                    PACKET_LOSS_RATE_INVALID, PACKET_LOSS_PERCENT_UNAVAILABLE);
+        }
+
+        @PacketLossResultType
+        public int getResultType() {
+            return mResultType;
+        }
+
+        public int getPacketLossRatePercent() {
+            return mPacketLossRatePercent;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(mResultType, mPacketLossRatePercent);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@Nullable Object other) {
+            if (!(other instanceof PacketLossCalculationResult)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            final PacketLossCalculationResult rhs = (PacketLossCalculationResult) other;
+            return mResultType == rhs.mResultType
+                    && mPacketLossRatePercent == rhs.mPacketLossRatePercent;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "mResultType: "
+                    + mResultType
+                    + " | mPacketLossRatePercent: "
+                    + mPacketLossRatePercent;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetectorTest.java b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetectorTest.java
index fdf8fb8..0a83a53 100644
--- a/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetectorTest.java
+++ b/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/vcn/routeselection/IpSecPacketLossDetectorTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 import static android.net.vcn.VcnManager.VCN_NETWORK_SELECTION_IPSEC_PACKET_LOSS_PERCENT_THRESHOLD_KEY;
 import static android.net.vcn.VcnManager.VCN_NETWORK_SELECTION_POLL_IPSEC_STATE_INTERVAL_SECONDS_KEY;
 
-import static com.android.server.vcn.routeselection.IpSecPacketLossDetector.PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE;
 import static com.android.server.vcn.util.PersistableBundleUtils.PersistableBundleWrapper;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@@ -44,6 +43,7 @@
 import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
 import android.os.PowerManager;
 
+import com.android.server.vcn.routeselection.IpSecPacketLossDetector.PacketLossCalculationResult;
 import com.android.server.vcn.routeselection.IpSecPacketLossDetector.PacketLossCalculator;
 import com.android.server.vcn.routeselection.NetworkMetricMonitor.IpSecTransformWrapper;
 import com.android.server.vcn.routeselection.NetworkMetricMonitor.NetworkMetricMonitorCallback;
@@ -293,7 +293,9 @@
     }
 
     private void checkHandleLossRate(
-            int mockPacketLossRate, boolean isLastStateExpectedToUpdate, boolean isCallbackExpected)
+            PacketLossCalculationResult mockPacketLossRate,
+            boolean isLastStateExpectedToUpdate,
+            boolean isCallbackExpected)
             throws Exception {
         final OutcomeReceiver<IpSecTransformState, RuntimeException> xfrmStateReceiver =
                 startMonitorAndCaptureStateReceiver();
@@ -327,26 +329,32 @@
     @Test
     public void testHandleLossRate_validationPass() throws Exception {
         checkHandleLossRate(
-                2, true /* isLastStateExpectedToUpdate */, true /* isCallbackExpected */);
+                PacketLossCalculationResult.valid(2),
+                true /* isLastStateExpectedToUpdate */,
+                true /* isCallbackExpected */);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testHandleLossRate_validationFail() throws Exception {
         checkHandleLossRate(
-                22, true /* isLastStateExpectedToUpdate */, true /* isCallbackExpected */);
+                PacketLossCalculationResult.valid(22),
+                true /* isLastStateExpectedToUpdate */,
+                true /* isCallbackExpected */);
         verify(mConnectivityManager).reportNetworkConnectivity(mNetwork, false);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testHandleLossRate_resultUnavalaible() throws Exception {
         checkHandleLossRate(
-                PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE,
+                PacketLossCalculationResult.invalid(),
                 false /* isLastStateExpectedToUpdate */,
                 false /* isCallbackExpected */);
     }
 
     private void checkGetPacketLossRate(
-            IpSecTransformState oldState, IpSecTransformState newState, int expectedLossRate)
+            IpSecTransformState oldState,
+            IpSecTransformState newState,
+            PacketLossCalculationResult expectedLossRate)
             throws Exception {
         assertEquals(
                 expectedLossRate,
@@ -362,14 +370,30 @@
             throws Exception {
         final IpSecTransformState newState =
                 newTransformState(rxSeqNo, packetCount, newReplayBitmap(packetInWin));
+        checkGetPacketLossRate(
+                oldState, newState, PacketLossCalculationResult.valid(expectedDataLossRate));
+    }
+
+    private void checkGetPacketLossRate(
+            IpSecTransformState oldState,
+            int rxSeqNo,
+            int packetCount,
+            int packetInWin,
+            PacketLossCalculationResult expectedDataLossRate)
+            throws Exception {
+        final IpSecTransformState newState =
+                newTransformState(rxSeqNo, packetCount, newReplayBitmap(packetInWin));
         checkGetPacketLossRate(oldState, newState, expectedDataLossRate);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testGetPacketLossRate_replayWindowUnchanged() throws Exception {
         checkGetPacketLossRate(
-                mTransformStateInitial, mTransformStateInitial, PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE);
-        checkGetPacketLossRate(mTransformStateInitial, 3000, 2000, 2000, PACKET_LOSS_UNAVALAIBLE);
+                mTransformStateInitial,
+                mTransformStateInitial,
+                PacketLossCalculationResult.invalid());
+        checkGetPacketLossRate(
+                mTransformStateInitial, 3000, 2000, 2000, PacketLossCalculationResult.invalid());
     }
 
     @Test