diff --git a/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml b/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
index a85996a..5dd8580 100644
--- a/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -3983,6 +3983,13 @@
     <permission android:name="com.android.permission.USE_INSTALLER_V2"
         android:protectionLevel="signature|verifier" />
 
+    <!-- Allows an application to use System Data Loaders.
+         <p>Not for use by third-party applications.
+         @hide
+    -->
+    <permission android:name="com.android.permission.USE_SYSTEM_DATA_LOADERS"
+                android:protectionLevel="signature" />
+
     <!-- @SystemApi @TestApi Allows an application to clear user data.
          <p>Not for use by third-party applications
          @hide
diff --git a/packages/Shell/AndroidManifest.xml b/packages/Shell/AndroidManifest.xml
index a15ceb6..2594840 100644
--- a/packages/Shell/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/packages/Shell/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
     <!--  TODO(b/152310230): remove once APIs are confirmed to be sufficient -->
     <uses-permission android:name="com.android.permission.USE_INSTALLER_V2" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="com.android.permission.USE_SYSTEM_DATA_LOADERS" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOVE_PACKAGE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.KEEP_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CLEAR_APP_USER_DATA" />
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageInstallerSession.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageInstallerSession.java
index f09f33e..9e2ca9d 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageInstallerSession.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageInstallerSession.java
@@ -1010,9 +1010,14 @@
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                         "DataLoader installation of APEX modules is not allowed.");
             }
+
             if (this.params.dataLoaderParams.getComponentName().getPackageName()
-                    == SYSTEM_DATA_LOADER_PACKAGE) {
-                assertShellOrSystemCalling("System data loaders");
+                    == SYSTEM_DATA_LOADER_PACKAGE && mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                    Manifest.permission.USE_SYSTEM_DATA_LOADERS)
+                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                throw new SecurityException("You need the "
+                        + "com.android.permission.USE_SYSTEM_DATA_LOADERS permission "
+                        + "to use system data loaders");
             }
         }