Merge changes I8b15407d,I2667b6f5,I8c83c6b7 into main am: b2bcebca81 am: 3dde652e8e am: a88f5d96a5 am: bfe49379cd

Original change: https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/frameworks/av/+/2620617

Change-Id: Ib706bcb4667511471f09b872c38d7bf1e5e69594
Signed-off-by: Automerger Merge Worker <android-build-automerger-merge-worker@system.gserviceaccount.com>
diff --git a/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/BufferTypes.h b/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/BufferTypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..319ba62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/BufferTypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1928 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define LOG_TAG "Codec2-types"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <codec2/hidl/1.0/types.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/foundation/AUtils.h>
+
+#include <C2AllocatorIon.h>
+#include <C2AllocatorGralloc.h>
+#include <C2BlockInternal.h>
+#include <C2Buffer.h>
+#include <C2Component.h>
+#include <C2FenceFactory.h>
+#include <C2Param.h>
+#include <C2ParamInternal.h>
+#include <C2PlatformSupport.h>
+#include <C2Work.h>
+#include <util/C2ParamUtils.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace media {
+namespace c2 {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace utils {
+
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::BufferPoolData;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::BufferStatusMessage;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::ResultStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::implementation::
+        ClientManager;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::implementation::
+        TransactionId;
+
+const char* asString(Status status, const char* def) {
+    return asString(static_cast<c2_status_t>(status), def);
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+template <typename EnumClass>
+typename std::underlying_type<EnumClass>::type underlying_value(
+        EnumClass x) {
+    return static_cast<typename std::underlying_type<EnumClass>::type>(x);
+}
+
+template <typename Common, typename DstVector, typename SrcVector>
+void copyVector(DstVector* d, const SrcVector& s) {
+    static_assert(sizeof(Common) == sizeof(decltype((*d)[0])),
+            "DstVector's component size does not match Common");
+    static_assert(sizeof(Common) == sizeof(decltype(s[0])),
+            "SrcVector's component size does not match Common");
+    d->resize(s.size());
+    std::copy(
+            reinterpret_cast<const Common*>(&s[0]),
+            reinterpret_cast<const Common*>(&s[0] + s.size()),
+            reinterpret_cast<Common*>(&(*d)[0]));
+}
+
+// C2ParamField -> ParamField
+bool objcpy(ParamField *d, const C2ParamField &s) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(_C2ParamInspector::GetIndex(s));
+    d->fieldId.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(_C2ParamInspector::GetOffset(s));
+    d->fieldId.size = static_cast<uint32_t>(_C2ParamInspector::GetSize(s));
+    return true;
+}
+
+struct C2ParamFieldBuilder : public C2ParamField {
+    C2ParamFieldBuilder() : C2ParamField(
+            static_cast<C2Param::Index>(static_cast<uint32_t>(0)), 0, 0) {
+    }
+    // ParamField -> C2ParamField
+    C2ParamFieldBuilder(const ParamField& s) : C2ParamField(
+            static_cast<C2Param::Index>(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.index)),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(s.fieldId.offset),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(s.fieldId.size)) {
+    }
+};
+
+// C2WorkOrdinalStruct -> WorkOrdinal
+bool objcpy(WorkOrdinal *d, const C2WorkOrdinalStruct &s) {
+    d->frameIndex = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.frameIndex.peeku());
+    d->timestampUs = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.timestamp.peeku());
+    d->customOrdinal = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.customOrdinal.peeku());
+    return true;
+}
+
+// WorkOrdinal -> C2WorkOrdinalStruct
+bool objcpy(C2WorkOrdinalStruct *d, const WorkOrdinal &s) {
+    d->frameIndex = c2_cntr64_t(s.frameIndex);
+    d->timestamp = c2_cntr64_t(s.timestampUs);
+    d->customOrdinal = c2_cntr64_t(s.customOrdinal);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValues::range's type -> ValueRange
+bool objcpy(
+        ValueRange* d,
+        const decltype(C2FieldSupportedValues::range)& s) {
+    d->min = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.min.u64);
+    d->max = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.max.u64);
+    d->step = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.step.u64);
+    d->num = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.num.u64);
+    d->denom = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.denom.u64);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValues -> FieldSupportedValues
+bool objcpy(FieldSupportedValues *d, const C2FieldSupportedValues &s) {
+    switch (s.type) {
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::EMPTY: {
+            d->empty(::android::hidl::safe_union::V1_0::Monostate{});
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::RANGE: {
+            ValueRange range{};
+            if (!objcpy(&range, s.range)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FieldSupportedValues::range.";
+                d->range(range);
+                return false;
+            }
+            d->range(range);
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::VALUES: {
+            hidl_vec<PrimitiveValue> values;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&values, s.values);
+            d->values(values);
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::FLAGS: {
+            hidl_vec<PrimitiveValue> flags;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&flags, s.values);
+            d->flags(flags);
+            break;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2FieldSupportedValues::type_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type)
+                   << ".";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ValueRange -> C2FieldSupportedValues::range's type
+bool objcpy(
+        decltype(C2FieldSupportedValues::range)* d,
+        const ValueRange& s) {
+    d->min.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.min);
+    d->max.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.max);
+    d->step.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.step);
+    d->num.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.num);
+    d->denom.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.denom);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValues -> C2FieldSupportedValues
+bool objcpy(C2FieldSupportedValues *d, const FieldSupportedValues &s) {
+    switch (s.getDiscriminator()) {
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::empty: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::EMPTY;
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::range: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::RANGE;
+            if (!objcpy(&d->range, s.range())) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValues::range.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            d->values.resize(0);
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::values: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::VALUES;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&d->values, s.values());
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::flags: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::FLAGS;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&d->values, s.flags());
+            break;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Unrecognized FieldSupportedValues::getDiscriminator()";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    if (!objcpy(&d->field, s.field())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    switch (s.type()) {
+    case C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::POSSIBLE:
+        d->type = FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::POSSIBLE;
+        break;
+    case C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::CURRENT:
+        d->type = FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::CURRENT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type())
+                   << ".";
+        d->type = static_cast<FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type>(s.type());
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t dType;
+    switch (s.type) {
+    case FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::POSSIBLE:
+        dType = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::POSSIBLE;
+        break;
+    case FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::CURRENT:
+        dType = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::CURRENT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type)
+                   << ".";
+        dType = static_cast<C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t>(s.type);
+    }
+    *d = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery(C2ParamFieldBuilder(s.field), dType);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult
+bool objcpy(
+        FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult* d,
+        const C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    d->status = static_cast<Status>(s.status);
+    return objcpy(&d->values, s.values);
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValuesQuery, FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult ->
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQuery& sq,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult& sr) {
+    if (!objcpy(d, sq)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValuesQuery.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->status = static_cast<c2_status_t>(sr.status);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->values, sr.values)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult::values.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2Component::Traits -> IComponentStore::ComponentTraits
+bool objcpy(
+        IComponentStore::ComponentTraits *d,
+        const C2Component::Traits &s) {
+    d->name = s.name;
+
+    switch (s.domain) {
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_VIDEO:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::VIDEO;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_AUDIO:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::AUDIO;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_IMAGE:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::IMAGE;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_OTHER:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2Component::domain_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.domain)
+                   << ".";
+        d->domain = static_cast<IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain>(
+                s.domain);
+    }
+
+    switch (s.kind) {
+    case C2Component::KIND_DECODER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::DECODER;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::KIND_ENCODER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::ENCODER;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::KIND_OTHER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2Component::kind_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.kind)
+                   << ".";
+        d->kind = static_cast<IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind>(
+                s.kind);
+    }
+
+    d->rank = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.rank);
+
+    d->mediaType = s.mediaType;
+
+    d->aliases.resize(s.aliases.size());
+    for (size_t ix = s.aliases.size(); ix > 0; ) {
+        --ix;
+        d->aliases[ix] = s.aliases[ix];
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ComponentTraits -> C2Component::Traits, std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>
+bool objcpy(
+        C2Component::Traits* d,
+        const IComponentStore::ComponentTraits& s) {
+    d->name = s.name.c_str();
+
+    switch (s.domain) {
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::VIDEO:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_VIDEO;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::AUDIO:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_AUDIO;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::IMAGE:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_IMAGE;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::OTHER:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized ComponentTraits::Domain "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.domain)
+                   << ".";
+        d->domain = static_cast<C2Component::domain_t>(s.domain);
+    }
+
+    switch (s.kind) {
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::DECODER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_DECODER;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::ENCODER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_ENCODER;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::OTHER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized ComponentTraits::Kind "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.kind)
+                   << ".";
+        d->kind = static_cast<C2Component::kind_t>(s.kind);
+    }
+
+    d->rank = static_cast<C2Component::rank_t>(s.rank);
+    d->mediaType = s.mediaType.c_str();
+    d->aliases.resize(s.aliases.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < s.aliases.size(); ++i) {
+        d->aliases[i] = s.aliases[i];
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+// C2ParamFieldValues -> ParamFieldValues
+bool objcpy(ParamFieldValues *d, const C2ParamFieldValues &s) {
+    if (!objcpy(&d->paramOrField, s.paramOrField)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ParamFieldValues::paramOrField.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (s.values) {
+        d->values.resize(1);
+        if (!objcpy(&d->values[0], *s.values)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ParamFieldValues::values.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    d->values.resize(0);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ParamFieldValues -> C2ParamFieldValues
+bool objcpy(C2ParamFieldValues *d, const ParamFieldValues &s) {
+    d->paramOrField = C2ParamFieldBuilder(s.paramOrField);
+    if (s.values.size() == 1) {
+        d->values = std::make_unique<C2FieldSupportedValues>();
+        if (!objcpy(d->values.get(), s.values[0])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid ParamFieldValues::values.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.values.size() == 0) {
+        d->values.reset();
+        return true;
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid ParamFieldValues: "
+                  "Two or more FieldSupportedValues objects exist in "
+                  "ParamFieldValues. "
+                  "Only zero or one is allowed.";
+    return false;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// C2SettingResult -> SettingResult
+bool objcpy(SettingResult *d, const C2SettingResult &s) {
+    switch (s.failure) {
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_TYPE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_TYPE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_PORT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_PORT;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_INDEX:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_INDEX;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::READ_ONLY:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::READ_ONLY;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::MISMATCH:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::MISMATCH;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_VALUE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::CONFLICT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::UNSUPPORTED:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::UNSUPPORTED;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::INFO_BAD_VALUE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::INFO_BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::INFO_CONFLICT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::INFO_CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2SettingResult::Failure "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.failure)
+                   << ".";
+        d->failure = static_cast<SettingResult::Failure>(s.failure);
+    }
+    if (!objcpy(&d->field, s.field)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2SettingResult::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->conflicts.resize(s.conflicts.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const C2ParamFieldValues& sConflict : s.conflicts) {
+        ParamFieldValues &dConflict = d->conflicts[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(&dConflict, sConflict)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2SettingResult::conflicts["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// SettingResult -> std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>
+bool objcpy(std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult> *d, const SettingResult &s) {
+    *d = std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>(new C2SettingResult {
+            .field = C2ParamFieldValues(C2ParamFieldBuilder()) });
+    if (!*d) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No memory for C2SettingResult.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // failure
+    switch (s.failure) {
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_TYPE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_TYPE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_PORT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_PORT;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_INDEX:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_INDEX;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::READ_ONLY:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::READ_ONLY;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::MISMATCH:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::MISMATCH;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_VALUE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::CONFLICT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::UNSUPPORTED:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::UNSUPPORTED;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::INFO_BAD_VALUE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::INFO_BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::INFO_CONFLICT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::INFO_CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized SettingResult::Failure "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.failure)
+                   << ".";
+        (*d)->failure = static_cast<C2SettingResult::Failure>(s.failure);
+    }
+
+    // field
+    if (!objcpy(&(*d)->field, s.field)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid SettingResult::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // conflicts
+    (*d)->conflicts.clear();
+    (*d)->conflicts.reserve(s.conflicts.size());
+    for (const ParamFieldValues& sConflict : s.conflicts) {
+        (*d)->conflicts.emplace_back(
+                C2ParamFieldValues{ C2ParamFieldBuilder(), nullptr });
+        if (!objcpy(&(*d)->conflicts.back(), sConflict)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid SettingResult::conflicts.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ParamDescriptor -> ParamDescriptor
+bool objcpy(ParamDescriptor *d, const C2ParamDescriptor &s) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.index());
+    d->attrib = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<ParamDescriptor::Attrib>>(
+            _C2ParamInspector::GetAttrib(s));
+    d->name = s.name();
+    copyVector<uint32_t>(&d->dependencies, s.dependencies());
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ParamDescriptor -> C2ParamDescriptor
+bool objcpy(std::shared_ptr<C2ParamDescriptor> *d, const ParamDescriptor &s) {
+    std::vector<C2Param::Index> dDependencies;
+    dDependencies.reserve(s.dependencies.size());
+    for (const ParamIndex& sDependency : s.dependencies) {
+        dDependencies.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(sDependency));
+    }
+    *d = std::make_shared<C2ParamDescriptor>(
+            C2Param::Index(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.index)),
+            static_cast<C2ParamDescriptor::attrib_t>(s.attrib),
+            C2String(s.name.c_str()),
+            std::move(dDependencies));
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2StructDescriptor -> StructDescriptor
+bool objcpy(StructDescriptor *d, const C2StructDescriptor &s) {
+    d->type = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.coreIndex().coreIndex());
+    d->fields.resize(s.numFields());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const auto& sField : s) {
+        FieldDescriptor& dField = d->fields[i++];
+        dField.fieldId.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                _C2ParamInspector::GetOffset(sField));
+        dField.fieldId.size = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                _C2ParamInspector::GetSize(sField));
+        dField.type = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<FieldDescriptor::Type>>(
+                sField.type());
+        dField.extent = static_cast<uint32_t>(sField.extent());
+        dField.name = static_cast<hidl_string>(sField.name());
+        const auto& sNamedValues = sField.namedValues();
+        dField.namedValues.resize(sNamedValues.size());
+        size_t j = 0;
+        for (const auto& sNamedValue : sNamedValues) {
+            FieldDescriptor::NamedValue& dNamedValue = dField.namedValues[j++];
+            dNamedValue.name = static_cast<hidl_string>(sNamedValue.first);
+            dNamedValue.value = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(
+                    sNamedValue.second.u64);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// StructDescriptor -> C2StructDescriptor
+bool objcpy(std::unique_ptr<C2StructDescriptor> *d, const StructDescriptor &s) {
+    C2Param::CoreIndex dIndex = C2Param::CoreIndex(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.type));
+    std::vector<C2FieldDescriptor> dFields;
+    dFields.reserve(s.fields.size());
+    for (const auto &sField : s.fields) {
+        C2FieldDescriptor dField = {
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(sField.type),
+            sField.extent,
+            sField.name,
+            sField.fieldId.offset,
+            sField.fieldId.size };
+        C2FieldDescriptor::NamedValuesType namedValues;
+        namedValues.reserve(sField.namedValues.size());
+        for (const auto& sNamedValue : sField.namedValues) {
+            namedValues.emplace_back(
+                sNamedValue.name,
+                C2Value::Primitive(static_cast<uint64_t>(sNamedValue.value)));
+        }
+        _C2ParamInspector::AddNamedValues(dField, std::move(namedValues));
+        dFields.emplace_back(dField);
+    }
+    *d = std::make_unique<C2StructDescriptor>(
+            _C2ParamInspector::CreateStructDescriptor(dIndex, std::move(dFields)));
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+// Find or add a hidl BaseBlock object from a given C2Handle* to a list and an
+// associated map.
+// Note: The handle is not cloned.
+bool _addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const C2Handle* handle,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!handle) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "addBaseBlock called on a null C2Handle.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto it = baseBlockIndices->find(handle);
+    if (it != baseBlockIndices->end()) {
+        *index = it->second;
+    } else {
+        *index = baseBlocks->size();
+        baseBlockIndices->emplace(handle, *index);
+        baseBlocks->emplace_back();
+
+        BaseBlock &dBaseBlock = baseBlocks->back();
+        // This does not clone the handle.
+        dBaseBlock.nativeBlock(
+                reinterpret_cast<const native_handle_t*>(handle));
+
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Find or add a hidl BaseBlock object from a given BufferPoolData to a list and
+// an associated map.
+bool _addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!bpData) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "addBaseBlock called on a null BufferPoolData.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto it = baseBlockIndices->find(bpData.get());
+    if (it != baseBlockIndices->end()) {
+        *index = it->second;
+    } else {
+        *index = baseBlocks->size();
+        baseBlockIndices->emplace(bpData.get(), *index);
+        baseBlocks->emplace_back();
+
+        BaseBlock &dBaseBlock = baseBlocks->back();
+
+        if (bufferPoolSender) {
+            BufferStatusMessage pooledBlock;
+            ResultStatus bpStatus = bufferPoolSender->send(
+                    bpData,
+                    &pooledBlock);
+
+            if (bpStatus != ResultStatus::OK) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to send buffer with BufferPool. Error: "
+                           << static_cast<int32_t>(bpStatus)
+                           << ".";
+                return false;
+            }
+            dBaseBlock.pooledBlock(pooledBlock);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const C2Handle* handle,
+        const std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData>& blockPoolData,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!blockPoolData) {
+        // No BufferPoolData ==> NATIVE block.
+        return _addBaseBlock(
+                index, handle,
+                baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+    }
+    switch (blockPoolData->getType()) {
+    case _C2BlockPoolData::TYPE_BUFFERPOOL: {
+            // BufferPoolData
+            std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData;
+            if (!_C2BlockFactory::GetBufferPoolData(blockPoolData, &bpData)
+                    || !bpData) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "BufferPoolData unavailable in a block.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            return _addBaseBlock(
+                    index, bpData,
+                    bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+        }
+    case _C2BlockPoolData::TYPE_BUFFERQUEUE:
+        uint32_t gen;
+        uint64_t bqId;
+        int32_t bqSlot;
+        // Update handle if migration happened.
+        if (_C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(
+                blockPoolData, &gen, &bqId, &bqSlot)) {
+            android::MigrateNativeCodec2GrallocHandle(
+                    const_cast<native_handle_t*>(handle), gen, bqId, bqSlot);
+        }
+        return _addBaseBlock(
+                index, handle,
+                baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown C2BlockPoolData type.";
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+// C2Fence -> hidl_handle
+// Note: File descriptors are not duplicated. The original file descriptor must
+// not be closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(hidl_handle* d, const C2Fence& s) {
+    d->setTo(nullptr);
+    native_handle_t* handle = _C2FenceFactory::CreateNativeHandle(s);
+    if (handle) {
+        d->setTo(handle, true /* owns */);
+//  } else if (!s.ready()) {
+//      // TODO: we should wait for unmarshallable fences but this may not be
+//      // the best place for it. We can safely ignore here as at this time
+//      // all fences used here are marshallable.
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ConstLinearBlock -> Block
+// Note: Native handles are not duplicated. The original handles must not be
+// closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(Block* d, const C2ConstLinearBlock& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData> bpData =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetLinearBlockPoolData(s);
+    if (!addBaseBlock(&d->index, s.handle(), bpData,
+            bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid block data in C2ConstLinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Create the metadata.
+    C2Hidl_RangeInfo dRangeInfo;
+    dRangeInfo.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.offset());
+    dRangeInfo.length = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.size());
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->meta, std::vector<C2Param*>{ &dRangeInfo })) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid range info in C2ConstLinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the fence
+    if (!objcpy(&d->fence, s.fence())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ConstLinearBlock::fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ConstGraphicBlock -> Block
+// Note: Native handles are not duplicated. The original handles must not be
+// closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(Block* d, const C2ConstGraphicBlock& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData> bpData =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(s);
+    if (!addBaseBlock(&d->index, s.handle(), bpData,
+            bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid block data in C2ConstGraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Create the metadata.
+    C2Hidl_RectInfo dRectInfo;
+    C2Rect sRect = s.crop();
+    dRectInfo.left = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.left);
+    dRectInfo.top = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.top);
+    dRectInfo.width = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.width);
+    dRectInfo.height = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.height);
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->meta, std::vector<C2Param*>{ &dRectInfo })) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid rect info in C2ConstGraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the fence
+    if (!objcpy(&d->fence, s.fence())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ConstGraphicBlock::fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2BufferData -> Buffer
+// This function only fills in d->blocks.
+bool objcpy(Buffer* d, const C2BufferData& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->blocks.resize(
+            s.linearBlocks().size() +
+            s.graphicBlocks().size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const C2ConstLinearBlock& linearBlock : s.linearBlocks()) {
+        Block& dBlock = d->blocks[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBlock, linearBlock,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BufferData::linearBlocks. "
+                       << "(Destination index = " << i - 1 << ".)";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    for (const C2ConstGraphicBlock& graphicBlock : s.graphicBlocks()) {
+        Block& dBlock = d->blocks[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBlock, graphicBlock,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BufferData::graphicBlocks. "
+                       << "(Destination index = " << i - 1 << ".)";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2Buffer -> Buffer
+bool objcpy(Buffer* d, const C2Buffer& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->info, s.info())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Buffer::info.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!objcpy(d, s.data(), bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Buffer::data.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2InfoBuffer -> InfoBuffer
+bool objcpy(InfoBuffer* d, const C2InfoBuffer& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.index());
+    Buffer& dBuffer = d->buffer;
+    if (!objcpy(&dBuffer, s.data(), bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2InfoBuffer::data";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FrameData -> FrameData
+bool objcpy(FrameData* d, const C2FrameData& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->flags = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<FrameData::Flags>>(s.flags);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->ordinal, s.ordinal)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::ordinal.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    d->buffers.resize(s.buffers.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>& sBuffer : s.buffers) {
+        Buffer& dBuffer = d->buffers[i++];
+        if (!sBuffer) {
+            // A null (pointer to) C2Buffer corresponds to a Buffer with empty
+            // info and blocks.
+            dBuffer.info.resize(0);
+            dBuffer.blocks.resize(0);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBuffer, *sBuffer,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::buffers["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->configUpdate, s.configUpdate)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::configUpdate.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    d->infoBuffers.resize(s.infoBuffers.size());
+    i = 0;
+    for (const C2InfoBuffer& sInfoBuffer : s.infoBuffers) {
+        InfoBuffer& dInfoBuffer = d->infoBuffers[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(&dInfoBuffer, sInfoBuffer,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::infoBuffers["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// DefaultBufferPoolSender's implementation
+
+DefaultBufferPoolSender::DefaultBufferPoolSender(
+        const sp<IClientManager>& receiverManager,
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration refreshInterval)
+    : mReceiverManager(receiverManager),
+      mRefreshInterval(refreshInterval) {
+}
+
+void DefaultBufferPoolSender::setReceiver(
+        const sp<IClientManager>& receiverManager,
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration refreshInterval) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    if (mReceiverManager != receiverManager) {
+        mReceiverManager = receiverManager;
+        mConnections.clear();
+    }
+    mRefreshInterval = refreshInterval;
+}
+
+ResultStatus DefaultBufferPoolSender::send(
+        const std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData>& bpData,
+        BufferStatusMessage* bpMessage) {
+    int64_t connectionId = bpData->mConnectionId;
+    if (connectionId == 0) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- invalid sender connection id (0).";
+        return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+    }
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    if (!mReceiverManager) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No access to receiver's BufferPool.";
+        return ResultStatus::NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    if (!mSenderManager) {
+        mSenderManager = ClientManager::getInstance();
+        if (!mSenderManager) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to retrieve local BufferPool ClientManager.";
+            return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    int64_t receiverConnectionId{0};
+    auto foundConnection = mConnections.find(connectionId);
+    bool isNewConnection = foundConnection == mConnections.end();
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now =
+            std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (isNewConnection ||
+            (now - foundConnection->second.lastSent > mRefreshInterval)) {
+        // Initialize the bufferpool connection.
+        ResultStatus rs =
+                mSenderManager->registerSender(mReceiverManager,
+                                               connectionId,
+                                               &receiverConnectionId);
+        if ((rs != ResultStatus::OK) && (rs != ResultStatus::ALREADY_EXISTS)) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- returned error: "
+                         << static_cast<int32_t>(rs)
+                         << ".";
+            return rs;
+        } else if (receiverConnectionId == 0) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- "
+                            "invalid receiver connection id (0).";
+            return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+        } else {
+            if (isNewConnection) {
+                foundConnection = mConnections.try_emplace(
+                        connectionId, receiverConnectionId, now).first;
+            } else {
+                foundConnection->second.receiverConnectionId = receiverConnectionId;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        receiverConnectionId = foundConnection->second.receiverConnectionId;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t transactionId;
+    int64_t timestampUs;
+    ResultStatus rs = mSenderManager->postSend(
+            receiverConnectionId, bpData, &transactionId, &timestampUs);
+    if (rs != ResultStatus::OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "ClientManager::postSend -- returned error: "
+                   << static_cast<int32_t>(rs)
+                   << ".";
+        mConnections.erase(foundConnection);
+        return rs;
+    }
+    if (!bpMessage) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Null output parameter for BufferStatusMessage.";
+        mConnections.erase(foundConnection);
+        return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+    }
+    bpMessage->connectionId = receiverConnectionId;
+    bpMessage->bufferId = bpData->mId;
+    bpMessage->transactionId = transactionId;
+    bpMessage->timestampUs = timestampUs;
+    foundConnection->second.lastSent = now;
+    return rs;
+}
+
+// std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>> -> WorkBundle
+bool objcpy(
+        WorkBundle* d,
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender) {
+    // baseBlocks holds a list of BaseBlock objects that Blocks can refer to.
+    std::list<BaseBlock> baseBlocks;
+
+    // baseBlockIndices maps a raw pointer to native_handle_t or BufferPoolData
+    // inside baseBlocks to the corresponding index into baseBlocks. The keys
+    // (pointers) are used to identify blocks that have the same "base block" in
+    // s, a list of C2Work objects. Because baseBlocks will be copied into a
+    // hidl_vec eventually, the values of baseBlockIndices are zero-based
+    // integer indices instead of list iterators.
+    //
+    // Note that the pointers can be raw because baseBlockIndices has a shorter
+    // lifespan than all of base blocks.
+    std::map<const void*, uint32_t> baseBlockIndices;
+
+    d->works.resize(s.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Work>& sWork : s) {
+        Work &dWork = d->works[i++];
+        if (!sWork) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work encountered.";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // chain info is not in use currently.
+
+        // input
+        if (!objcpy(&dWork.input, sWork->input,
+                bufferPoolSender, &baseBlocks, &baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::input.";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // worklets
+        if (sWork->worklets.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "Work with no worklets.";
+        } else {
+            // Parcel the worklets.
+            hidl_vec<Worklet> &dWorklets = dWork.worklets;
+            dWorklets.resize(sWork->worklets.size());
+            size_t j = 0;
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet>& sWorklet : sWork->worklets)
+            {
+                if (!sWorklet) {
+                    LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work::worklets["
+                                 << j << "].";
+                    continue;
+                }
+                Worklet &dWorklet = dWorklets[j++];
+
+                // component id
+                dWorklet.componentId = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                        sWorklet->component);
+
+                // tunings
+                if (!createParamsBlob(&dWorklet.tunings, sWorklet->tunings)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                               << j - 1 << "]->tunings.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // failures
+                dWorklet.failures.resize(sWorklet->failures.size());
+                size_t k = 0;
+                for (const std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>& sFailure :
+                        sWorklet->failures) {
+                    if (!sFailure) {
+                        LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work::worklets["
+                                     << j - 1 << "]->failures["
+                                     << k << "].";
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (!objcpy(&dWorklet.failures[k++], *sFailure)) {
+                        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                                   << j - 1 << "]->failures["
+                                   << k - 1 << "].";
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // output
+                if (!objcpy(&dWorklet.output, sWorklet->output,
+                        bufferPoolSender, &baseBlocks, &baseBlockIndices)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                               << j - 1 << "]->output.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // worklets processed
+        dWork.workletsProcessed = sWork->workletsProcessed;
+
+        // result
+        dWork.result = static_cast<Status>(sWork->result);
+    }
+
+    // Copy std::list<BaseBlock> to hidl_vec<BaseBlock>.
+    {
+        d->baseBlocks.resize(baseBlocks.size());
+        size_t i = 0;
+        for (const BaseBlock& baseBlock : baseBlocks) {
+            d->baseBlocks[i++] = baseBlock;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+struct C2BaseBlock {
+    enum type_t {
+        LINEAR,
+        GRAPHIC,
+    };
+    type_t type;
+    std::shared_ptr<C2LinearBlock> linear;
+    std::shared_ptr<C2GraphicBlock> graphic;
+};
+
+// hidl_handle -> C2Fence
+// Note: File descriptors are not duplicated. The original file descriptor must
+// not be closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(C2Fence* d, const hidl_handle& s) {
+    const native_handle_t* handle = s.getNativeHandle();
+    *d = _C2FenceFactory::CreateFromNativeHandle(handle);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2LinearBlock, vector<C2Param*>, C2Fence -> C2Buffer
+bool createLinearBuffer(
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* buffer,
+        const std::shared_ptr<C2LinearBlock>& block,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& meta,
+        const C2Fence& fence) {
+    // Check the block meta. It should have exactly 1 C2Info:
+    // C2Hidl_RangeInfo.
+    if ((meta.size() != 1) || !meta[0]) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2LinearBlock::meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (meta[0]->size() != sizeof(C2Hidl_RangeInfo)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid range info in C2LinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    C2Hidl_RangeInfo *rangeInfo =
+            reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RangeInfo*>(meta[0]);
+
+    // Create C2Buffer from C2LinearBlock.
+    *buffer = C2Buffer::CreateLinearBuffer(block->share(
+            rangeInfo->offset, rangeInfo->length,
+            fence));
+    if (!(*buffer)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CreateLinearBuffer failed.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2GraphicBlock, vector<C2Param*>, C2Fence -> C2Buffer
+bool createGraphicBuffer(
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* buffer,
+        const std::shared_ptr<C2GraphicBlock>& block,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& meta,
+        const C2Fence& fence) {
+    // Check the block meta. It should have exactly 1 C2Info:
+    // C2Hidl_RectInfo.
+    if ((meta.size() != 1) || !meta[0]) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2GraphicBlock::meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (meta[0]->size() != sizeof(C2Hidl_RectInfo)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid rect info in C2GraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    C2Hidl_RectInfo *rectInfo =
+            reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RectInfo*>(meta[0]);
+
+    // Create C2Buffer from C2GraphicBlock.
+    *buffer = C2Buffer::CreateGraphicBuffer(block->share(
+            C2Rect(rectInfo->width, rectInfo->height).
+            at(rectInfo->left, rectInfo->top),
+            fence));
+    if (!(*buffer)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CreateGraphicBuffer failed.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Buffer -> C2Buffer
+// Note: The native handles will be cloned.
+bool objcpy(std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* d, const Buffer& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+    *d = nullptr;
+
+    // Currently, a non-null C2Buffer must contain exactly 1 block.
+    if (s.blocks.size() == 0) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.blocks.size() != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer: "
+                      "Currently, a C2Buffer must contain exactly 1 block.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const Block &sBlock = s.blocks[0];
+    if (sBlock.index >= baseBlocks.size()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].index: "
+                      "Array index out of range.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const C2BaseBlock &baseBlock = baseBlocks[sBlock.index];
+
+    // Parse meta.
+    std::vector<C2Param*> sBlockMeta;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&sBlockMeta, sBlock.meta)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy fence.
+    C2Fence dFence;
+    if (!objcpy(&dFence, sBlock.fence)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Construct a block.
+    switch (baseBlock.type) {
+    case C2BaseBlock::LINEAR:
+        if (!createLinearBuffer(d, baseBlock.linear, sBlockMeta, dFence)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::linear.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
+    case C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC:
+        if (!createGraphicBuffer(d, baseBlock.graphic, sBlockMeta, dFence)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::graphic.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::type.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Parse info
+    std::vector<C2Param*> params;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&params, s.info)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::info.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (C2Param* param : params) {
+        if (param == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Null param in Buffer::info.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Param> c2param{
+                C2Param::Copy(*param).release()};
+        if (!c2param) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid param in Buffer::info.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        c2_status_t status =
+                (*d)->setInfo(std::static_pointer_cast<C2Info>(c2param));
+        if (status != C2_OK) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "C2Buffer::setInfo failed.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// InfoBuffer -> C2InfoBuffer
+bool objcpy(std::vector<C2InfoBuffer> *d, const InfoBuffer& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+
+    // Currently, a non-null C2InfoBufer must contain exactly 1 block.
+    if (s.buffer.blocks.size() == 0) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.buffer.blocks.size() != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer "
+                      "Currently, a C2InfoBuffer must contain exactly 1 block.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const Block &sBlock = s.buffer.blocks[0];
+    if (sBlock.index >= baseBlocks.size()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].index: "
+                      "Array index out of range.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const C2BaseBlock &baseBlock = baseBlocks[sBlock.index];
+
+    // Parse meta.
+    std::vector<C2Param*> sBlockMeta;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&sBlockMeta, sBlock.meta)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy fence.
+    C2Fence dFence;
+    if (!objcpy(&dFence, sBlock.fence)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Construct a block.
+    switch (baseBlock.type) {
+    case C2BaseBlock::LINEAR:
+        if (sBlockMeta.size() == 1 && sBlockMeta[0] != nullptr &&
+            sBlockMeta[0]->size() == sizeof(C2Hidl_RangeInfo)) {
+            C2Hidl_RangeInfo *rangeInfo =
+                    reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RangeInfo*>(sBlockMeta[0]);
+            d->emplace_back(C2InfoBuffer::CreateLinearBuffer(
+                    s.index,
+                    baseBlock.linear->share(
+                            rangeInfo->offset, rangeInfo->length, dFence)));
+            return true;
+        }
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Meta for C2BaseBlock::Linear InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    case C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC:
+        // It's not used now
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Non-Used C2BaseBlock::type for InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::type for InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+// FrameData -> C2FrameData
+bool objcpy(C2FrameData* d, const FrameData& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+    d->flags = static_cast<C2FrameData::flags_t>(s.flags);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->ordinal, s.ordinal)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::ordinal.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->buffers.clear();
+    d->buffers.reserve(s.buffers.size());
+    for (const Buffer& sBuffer : s.buffers) {
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer> dBuffer;
+        if (!objcpy(&dBuffer, sBuffer, baseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::buffers.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        d->buffers.emplace_back(dBuffer);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> params;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&params, s.configUpdate)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::configUpdate.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->configUpdate.clear();
+    for (C2Param* param : params) {
+        d->configUpdate.emplace_back(C2Param::Copy(*param));
+        if (!d->configUpdate.back()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unexpected error while parsing "
+                          "FrameData::configUpdate.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    d->infoBuffers.clear();
+    if (s.infoBuffers.size() == 0) {
+        // InfoBuffer is optional
+        return true;
+    }
+    d->infoBuffers.reserve(s.infoBuffers.size());
+    for (const InfoBuffer &sInfoBuffer: s.infoBuffers) {
+        if (!objcpy(&(d->infoBuffers), sInfoBuffer, baseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Framedata::infoBuffers.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// BaseBlock -> C2BaseBlock
+bool objcpy(C2BaseBlock* d, const BaseBlock& s) {
+    switch (s.getDiscriminator()) {
+    case BaseBlock::hidl_discriminator::nativeBlock: {
+            if (s.nativeBlock() == nullptr) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Null BaseBlock::nativeBlock handle";
+                return false;
+            }
+            native_handle_t* sHandle =
+                    native_handle_clone(s.nativeBlock());
+            if (sHandle == nullptr) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Null BaseBlock::nativeBlock.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            const C2Handle *sC2Handle =
+                    reinterpret_cast<const C2Handle*>(sHandle);
+
+            d->linear = _C2BlockFactory::CreateLinearBlock(sC2Handle);
+            if (d->linear) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::LINEAR;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            d->graphic = _C2BlockFactory::CreateGraphicBlock(sC2Handle);
+            if (d->graphic) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown handle type in BaseBlock::nativeBlock.";
+            if (sHandle) {
+                native_handle_close(sHandle);
+                native_handle_delete(sHandle);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    case BaseBlock::hidl_discriminator::pooledBlock: {
+            const BufferStatusMessage &bpMessage =
+                    s.pooledBlock();
+            sp<ClientManager> bp = ClientManager::getInstance();
+            std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData;
+            native_handle_t *cHandle;
+            ResultStatus bpStatus = bp->receive(
+                    bpMessage.connectionId,
+                    bpMessage.transactionId,
+                    bpMessage.bufferId,
+                    bpMessage.timestampUs,
+                    &cHandle,
+                    &bpData);
+            if (bpStatus != ResultStatus::OK) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to receive buffer from bufferpool -- "
+                           << "resultStatus = " << underlying_value(bpStatus)
+                           << ".";
+                return false;
+            } else if (!bpData) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "No data in bufferpool transaction.";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            d->linear = _C2BlockFactory::CreateLinearBlock(cHandle, bpData);
+            if (d->linear) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::LINEAR;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            d->graphic = _C2BlockFactory::CreateGraphicBlock(cHandle, bpData);
+            if (d->graphic) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC;
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (cHandle) {
+                // Though we got cloned handle, creating block failed.
+                native_handle_close(cHandle);
+                native_handle_delete(cHandle);
+            }
+
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown handle type in BaseBlock::pooledBlock.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unrecognized BaseBlock's discriminator with "
+                   << "underlying value "
+                   << underlying_value(s.getDiscriminator()) << ".";
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// WorkBundle -> std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>
+bool objcpy(std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>* d, const WorkBundle& s) {
+    // Convert BaseBlocks to C2BaseBlocks.
+    std::vector<C2BaseBlock> dBaseBlocks(s.baseBlocks.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < s.baseBlocks.size(); ++i) {
+        if (!objcpy(&dBaseBlocks[i], s.baseBlocks[i])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid WorkBundle::baseBlocks["
+                       << i << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    d->clear();
+    for (const Work& sWork : s.works) {
+        d->emplace_back(std::make_unique<C2Work>());
+        C2Work& dWork = *d->back();
+
+        // chain info is not in use currently.
+
+        // input
+        if (!objcpy(&dWork.input, sWork.input, dBaseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Work::input.";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // worklet(s)
+        dWork.worklets.clear();
+        for (const Worklet& sWorklet : sWork.worklets) {
+            std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet> dWorklet = std::make_unique<C2Worklet>();
+
+            // component id
+            dWorklet->component = static_cast<c2_node_id_t>(
+                    sWorklet.componentId);
+
+            // tunings
+            if (!copyParamsFromBlob(&dWorklet->tunings, sWorklet.tunings)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::tunings";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // failures
+            dWorklet->failures.clear();
+            dWorklet->failures.reserve(sWorklet.failures.size());
+            for (const SettingResult& sFailure : sWorklet.failures) {
+                std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult> dFailure;
+                if (!objcpy(&dFailure, sFailure)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::failures.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+                dWorklet->failures.emplace_back(std::move(dFailure));
+            }
+
+            // output
+            if (!objcpy(&dWorklet->output, sWorklet.output, dBaseBlocks)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::output.";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            dWork.worklets.emplace_back(std::move(dWorklet));
+        }
+
+        // workletsProcessed
+        dWork.workletsProcessed = sWork.workletsProcessed;
+
+        // result
+        dWork.result = static_cast<c2_status_t>(sWork.result);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+constexpr size_t PARAMS_ALIGNMENT = 8;  // 64-bit alignment
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Param) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Info) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Tuning) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+
+// Params -> std::vector<C2Param*>
+bool parseParamsBlob(std::vector<C2Param*> *params, const hidl_vec<uint8_t> &blob) {
+    // assuming blob is const here
+    size_t size = blob.size();
+    size_t ix = 0;
+    size_t old_ix = 0;
+    const uint8_t *data = blob.data();
+    C2Param *p = nullptr;
+
+    do {
+        p = C2ParamUtils::ParseFirst(data + ix, size - ix);
+        if (p) {
+            params->emplace_back(p);
+            old_ix = ix;
+            ix += p->size();
+            ix = align(ix, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+            if (ix <= old_ix || ix > size) {
+                android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "238083570");
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    } while (p);
+
+    if (ix != size) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "parseParamsBlob -- inconsistent sizes.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates a list of C2Params into a params blob. T is a container type
+ * whose member type is compatible with C2Param*.
+ *
+ * \param[out] blob target blob
+ * \param[in] params parameters to concatenate
+ * \retval C2_OK if the blob was successfully created
+ * \retval C2_BAD_VALUE if the blob was not successful created (this only
+ *         happens if the parameters were not const)
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool _createParamsBlob(hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob, const T &params) {
+    // assuming the parameter values are const
+    size_t size = 0;
+    for (const auto &p : params) {
+        if (!p) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        size += p->size();
+        size = align(size, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+    }
+    blob->resize(size);
+    size_t ix = 0;
+    for (const auto &p : params) {
+        if (!p) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // NEVER overwrite even if param values (e.g. size) changed
+        size_t paramSize = std::min(p->size(), size - ix);
+        std::copy(
+                reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&*p),
+                reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&*p) + paramSize,
+                &(*blob)[ix]);
+        ix += paramSize;
+        ix = align(ix, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+    }
+    blob->resize(ix);
+    if (ix != size) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "createParamsBlob -- inconsistent sizes.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses a params blob and create a vector of new T objects that contain copies
+ * of the params in the blob. T is C2Param or its compatible derived class.
+ *
+ * \param[out] params the resulting vector
+ * \param[in] blob parameter blob to parse
+ * \retval C2_OK if the full blob was parsed and params was constructed
+ * \retval C2_BAD_VALUE otherwise
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool _copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> paramPointers;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&paramPointers, blob)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "copyParamsFromBlob -- failed to parse.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    params->resize(paramPointers.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (C2Param* const& paramPointer : paramPointers) {
+        if (!paramPointer) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "copyParamsFromBlob -- null paramPointer.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        (*params)[i++].reset(reinterpret_cast<T*>(
+                C2Param::Copy(*paramPointer).release()));
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// std::vector<const C2Param*> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<const C2Param*> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<C2Param*> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const C2Info>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const C2Info>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// Params -> std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>
+bool copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+    return _copyParamsFromBlob(params, blob);
+}
+
+// Params -> std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>>
+bool copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+    return _copyParamsFromBlob(params, blob);
+}
+
+// Params -> update std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>
+bool updateParamsFromBlob(
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& params,
+        const Params& blob) {
+    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, C2Param*> index2param;
+    for (C2Param* const& param : params) {
+        if (!param) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- null output param.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (index2param.find(param->index()) == index2param.end()) {
+            index2param.emplace(param->index(), param);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> paramPointers;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&paramPointers, blob)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- failed to parse.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (C2Param* const& paramPointer : paramPointers) {
+        if (!paramPointer) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- null input param.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        decltype(index2param)::iterator i = index2param.find(
+                paramPointer->index());
+        if (i == index2param.end()) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- index "
+                       << paramPointer->index() << " not found. Skipping...";
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!i->second->updateFrom(*paramPointer)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- size mismatch: "
+                       << params.size() << " vs " << paramPointer->size()
+                       << " (index = " << i->first << ").";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Convert BufferPool ResultStatus to c2_status_t.
+c2_status_t toC2Status(ResultStatus rs) {
+    switch (rs) {
+    case ResultStatus::OK:
+        return C2_OK;
+    case ResultStatus::NO_MEMORY:
+        return C2_NO_MEMORY;
+    case ResultStatus::ALREADY_EXISTS:
+        return C2_DUPLICATE;
+    case ResultStatus::NOT_FOUND:
+        return C2_NOT_FOUND;
+    case ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR:
+        return C2_CORRUPTED;
+    default:
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Unrecognized BufferPool ResultStatus: "
+                     << static_cast<int32_t>(rs) << ".";
+        return C2_CORRUPTED;
+    }
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+template <typename BlockProcessor>
+void forEachBlock(C2FrameData& frameData,
+                  BlockProcessor process) {
+    for (const std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>& buffer : frameData.buffers) {
+        if (buffer) {
+            for (const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block :
+                    buffer->data().graphicBlocks()) {
+                process(block);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename BlockProcessor>
+void forEachBlock(const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+                  BlockProcessor process,
+                  bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Work>& work : workList) {
+        if (!work) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (processInput) {
+            forEachBlock(work->input, process);
+        }
+        if (processOutput) {
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet>& worklet : work->worklets) {
+                if (worklet) {
+                    forEachBlock(worklet->output,
+                                 process);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+bool beginTransferBufferQueueBlock(const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::BeginTransferBlockToClient(data);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void beginTransferBufferQueueBlocks(
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+        bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    forEachBlock(workList, beginTransferBufferQueueBlock,
+                 processInput, processOutput);
+}
+
+bool endTransferBufferQueueBlock(
+        const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block,
+        bool transfer) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::EndTransferBlockToClient(data, transfer);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void endTransferBufferQueueBlocks(
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+        bool transfer,
+        bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    forEachBlock(workList,
+                 std::bind(endTransferBufferQueueBlock,
+                           std::placeholders::_1, transfer),
+                 processInput, processOutput);
+}
+
+bool displayBufferQueueBlock(const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::DisplayBlockToBufferQueue(data);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace utils
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace c2
+}  // namespace media
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
diff --git a/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/ParamTypes.h b/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/ParamTypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..319ba62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/codec2/hal/common/include/codec2/common/ParamTypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1928 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define LOG_TAG "Codec2-types"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <codec2/hidl/1.0/types.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/foundation/AUtils.h>
+
+#include <C2AllocatorIon.h>
+#include <C2AllocatorGralloc.h>
+#include <C2BlockInternal.h>
+#include <C2Buffer.h>
+#include <C2Component.h>
+#include <C2FenceFactory.h>
+#include <C2Param.h>
+#include <C2ParamInternal.h>
+#include <C2PlatformSupport.h>
+#include <C2Work.h>
+#include <util/C2ParamUtils.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace media {
+namespace c2 {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace utils {
+
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::BufferPoolData;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::BufferStatusMessage;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::ResultStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::implementation::
+        ClientManager;
+using ::android::hardware::media::bufferpool::V2_0::implementation::
+        TransactionId;
+
+const char* asString(Status status, const char* def) {
+    return asString(static_cast<c2_status_t>(status), def);
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+template <typename EnumClass>
+typename std::underlying_type<EnumClass>::type underlying_value(
+        EnumClass x) {
+    return static_cast<typename std::underlying_type<EnumClass>::type>(x);
+}
+
+template <typename Common, typename DstVector, typename SrcVector>
+void copyVector(DstVector* d, const SrcVector& s) {
+    static_assert(sizeof(Common) == sizeof(decltype((*d)[0])),
+            "DstVector's component size does not match Common");
+    static_assert(sizeof(Common) == sizeof(decltype(s[0])),
+            "SrcVector's component size does not match Common");
+    d->resize(s.size());
+    std::copy(
+            reinterpret_cast<const Common*>(&s[0]),
+            reinterpret_cast<const Common*>(&s[0] + s.size()),
+            reinterpret_cast<Common*>(&(*d)[0]));
+}
+
+// C2ParamField -> ParamField
+bool objcpy(ParamField *d, const C2ParamField &s) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(_C2ParamInspector::GetIndex(s));
+    d->fieldId.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(_C2ParamInspector::GetOffset(s));
+    d->fieldId.size = static_cast<uint32_t>(_C2ParamInspector::GetSize(s));
+    return true;
+}
+
+struct C2ParamFieldBuilder : public C2ParamField {
+    C2ParamFieldBuilder() : C2ParamField(
+            static_cast<C2Param::Index>(static_cast<uint32_t>(0)), 0, 0) {
+    }
+    // ParamField -> C2ParamField
+    C2ParamFieldBuilder(const ParamField& s) : C2ParamField(
+            static_cast<C2Param::Index>(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.index)),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(s.fieldId.offset),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(s.fieldId.size)) {
+    }
+};
+
+// C2WorkOrdinalStruct -> WorkOrdinal
+bool objcpy(WorkOrdinal *d, const C2WorkOrdinalStruct &s) {
+    d->frameIndex = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.frameIndex.peeku());
+    d->timestampUs = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.timestamp.peeku());
+    d->customOrdinal = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.customOrdinal.peeku());
+    return true;
+}
+
+// WorkOrdinal -> C2WorkOrdinalStruct
+bool objcpy(C2WorkOrdinalStruct *d, const WorkOrdinal &s) {
+    d->frameIndex = c2_cntr64_t(s.frameIndex);
+    d->timestamp = c2_cntr64_t(s.timestampUs);
+    d->customOrdinal = c2_cntr64_t(s.customOrdinal);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValues::range's type -> ValueRange
+bool objcpy(
+        ValueRange* d,
+        const decltype(C2FieldSupportedValues::range)& s) {
+    d->min = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.min.u64);
+    d->max = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.max.u64);
+    d->step = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.step.u64);
+    d->num = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.num.u64);
+    d->denom = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(s.denom.u64);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValues -> FieldSupportedValues
+bool objcpy(FieldSupportedValues *d, const C2FieldSupportedValues &s) {
+    switch (s.type) {
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::EMPTY: {
+            d->empty(::android::hidl::safe_union::V1_0::Monostate{});
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::RANGE: {
+            ValueRange range{};
+            if (!objcpy(&range, s.range)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FieldSupportedValues::range.";
+                d->range(range);
+                return false;
+            }
+            d->range(range);
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::VALUES: {
+            hidl_vec<PrimitiveValue> values;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&values, s.values);
+            d->values(values);
+            break;
+        }
+    case C2FieldSupportedValues::FLAGS: {
+            hidl_vec<PrimitiveValue> flags;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&flags, s.values);
+            d->flags(flags);
+            break;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2FieldSupportedValues::type_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type)
+                   << ".";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ValueRange -> C2FieldSupportedValues::range's type
+bool objcpy(
+        decltype(C2FieldSupportedValues::range)* d,
+        const ValueRange& s) {
+    d->min.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.min);
+    d->max.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.max);
+    d->step.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.step);
+    d->num.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.num);
+    d->denom.u64 = static_cast<uint64_t>(s.denom);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValues -> C2FieldSupportedValues
+bool objcpy(C2FieldSupportedValues *d, const FieldSupportedValues &s) {
+    switch (s.getDiscriminator()) {
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::empty: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::EMPTY;
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::range: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::RANGE;
+            if (!objcpy(&d->range, s.range())) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValues::range.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            d->values.resize(0);
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::values: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::VALUES;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&d->values, s.values());
+            break;
+        }
+    case FieldSupportedValues::hidl_discriminator::flags: {
+            d->type = C2FieldSupportedValues::FLAGS;
+            copyVector<uint64_t>(&d->values, s.flags());
+            break;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Unrecognized FieldSupportedValues::getDiscriminator()";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    if (!objcpy(&d->field, s.field())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    switch (s.type()) {
+    case C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::POSSIBLE:
+        d->type = FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::POSSIBLE;
+        break;
+    case C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::CURRENT:
+        d->type = FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::CURRENT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type())
+                   << ".";
+        d->type = static_cast<FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type>(s.type());
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t dType;
+    switch (s.type) {
+    case FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::POSSIBLE:
+        dType = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::POSSIBLE;
+        break;
+    case FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type::CURRENT:
+        dType = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::CURRENT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized FieldSupportedValuesQuery::Type "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.type)
+                   << ".";
+        dType = static_cast<C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery::type_t>(s.type);
+    }
+    *d = C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery(C2ParamFieldBuilder(s.field), dType);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery -> FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult
+bool objcpy(
+        FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult* d,
+        const C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery& s) {
+    d->status = static_cast<Status>(s.status);
+    return objcpy(&d->values, s.values);
+}
+
+// FieldSupportedValuesQuery, FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult ->
+// C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery
+bool objcpy(
+        C2FieldSupportedValuesQuery* d,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQuery& sq,
+        const FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult& sr) {
+    if (!objcpy(d, sq)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValuesQuery.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->status = static_cast<c2_status_t>(sr.status);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->values, sr.values)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FieldSupportedValuesQueryResult::values.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2Component::Traits -> IComponentStore::ComponentTraits
+bool objcpy(
+        IComponentStore::ComponentTraits *d,
+        const C2Component::Traits &s) {
+    d->name = s.name;
+
+    switch (s.domain) {
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_VIDEO:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::VIDEO;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_AUDIO:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::AUDIO;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_IMAGE:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::IMAGE;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::DOMAIN_OTHER:
+        d->domain = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2Component::domain_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.domain)
+                   << ".";
+        d->domain = static_cast<IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain>(
+                s.domain);
+    }
+
+    switch (s.kind) {
+    case C2Component::KIND_DECODER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::DECODER;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::KIND_ENCODER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::ENCODER;
+        break;
+    case C2Component::KIND_OTHER:
+        d->kind = IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2Component::kind_t "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.kind)
+                   << ".";
+        d->kind = static_cast<IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind>(
+                s.kind);
+    }
+
+    d->rank = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.rank);
+
+    d->mediaType = s.mediaType;
+
+    d->aliases.resize(s.aliases.size());
+    for (size_t ix = s.aliases.size(); ix > 0; ) {
+        --ix;
+        d->aliases[ix] = s.aliases[ix];
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ComponentTraits -> C2Component::Traits, std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>
+bool objcpy(
+        C2Component::Traits* d,
+        const IComponentStore::ComponentTraits& s) {
+    d->name = s.name.c_str();
+
+    switch (s.domain) {
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::VIDEO:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_VIDEO;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::AUDIO:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_AUDIO;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::IMAGE:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_IMAGE;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Domain::OTHER:
+        d->domain = C2Component::DOMAIN_OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized ComponentTraits::Domain "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.domain)
+                   << ".";
+        d->domain = static_cast<C2Component::domain_t>(s.domain);
+    }
+
+    switch (s.kind) {
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::DECODER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_DECODER;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::ENCODER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_ENCODER;
+        break;
+    case IComponentStore::ComponentTraits::Kind::OTHER:
+        d->kind = C2Component::KIND_OTHER;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized ComponentTraits::Kind "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.kind)
+                   << ".";
+        d->kind = static_cast<C2Component::kind_t>(s.kind);
+    }
+
+    d->rank = static_cast<C2Component::rank_t>(s.rank);
+    d->mediaType = s.mediaType.c_str();
+    d->aliases.resize(s.aliases.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < s.aliases.size(); ++i) {
+        d->aliases[i] = s.aliases[i];
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+// C2ParamFieldValues -> ParamFieldValues
+bool objcpy(ParamFieldValues *d, const C2ParamFieldValues &s) {
+    if (!objcpy(&d->paramOrField, s.paramOrField)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ParamFieldValues::paramOrField.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (s.values) {
+        d->values.resize(1);
+        if (!objcpy(&d->values[0], *s.values)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ParamFieldValues::values.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    d->values.resize(0);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ParamFieldValues -> C2ParamFieldValues
+bool objcpy(C2ParamFieldValues *d, const ParamFieldValues &s) {
+    d->paramOrField = C2ParamFieldBuilder(s.paramOrField);
+    if (s.values.size() == 1) {
+        d->values = std::make_unique<C2FieldSupportedValues>();
+        if (!objcpy(d->values.get(), s.values[0])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid ParamFieldValues::values.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.values.size() == 0) {
+        d->values.reset();
+        return true;
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid ParamFieldValues: "
+                  "Two or more FieldSupportedValues objects exist in "
+                  "ParamFieldValues. "
+                  "Only zero or one is allowed.";
+    return false;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// C2SettingResult -> SettingResult
+bool objcpy(SettingResult *d, const C2SettingResult &s) {
+    switch (s.failure) {
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_TYPE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_TYPE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_PORT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_PORT;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_INDEX:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_INDEX;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::READ_ONLY:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::READ_ONLY;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::MISMATCH:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::MISMATCH;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::BAD_VALUE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::CONFLICT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::UNSUPPORTED:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::UNSUPPORTED;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::INFO_BAD_VALUE:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::INFO_BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case C2SettingResult::INFO_CONFLICT:
+        d->failure = SettingResult::Failure::INFO_CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized C2SettingResult::Failure "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.failure)
+                   << ".";
+        d->failure = static_cast<SettingResult::Failure>(s.failure);
+    }
+    if (!objcpy(&d->field, s.field)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2SettingResult::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->conflicts.resize(s.conflicts.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const C2ParamFieldValues& sConflict : s.conflicts) {
+        ParamFieldValues &dConflict = d->conflicts[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(&dConflict, sConflict)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2SettingResult::conflicts["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// SettingResult -> std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>
+bool objcpy(std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult> *d, const SettingResult &s) {
+    *d = std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>(new C2SettingResult {
+            .field = C2ParamFieldValues(C2ParamFieldBuilder()) });
+    if (!*d) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No memory for C2SettingResult.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // failure
+    switch (s.failure) {
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_TYPE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_TYPE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_PORT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_PORT;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_INDEX:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_INDEX;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::READ_ONLY:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::READ_ONLY;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::MISMATCH:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::MISMATCH;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::BAD_VALUE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::CONFLICT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::UNSUPPORTED:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::UNSUPPORTED;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::INFO_BAD_VALUE:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::INFO_BAD_VALUE;
+        break;
+    case SettingResult::Failure::INFO_CONFLICT:
+        (*d)->failure = C2SettingResult::INFO_CONFLICT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Unrecognized SettingResult::Failure "
+                   << "with underlying value " << underlying_value(s.failure)
+                   << ".";
+        (*d)->failure = static_cast<C2SettingResult::Failure>(s.failure);
+    }
+
+    // field
+    if (!objcpy(&(*d)->field, s.field)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid SettingResult::field.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // conflicts
+    (*d)->conflicts.clear();
+    (*d)->conflicts.reserve(s.conflicts.size());
+    for (const ParamFieldValues& sConflict : s.conflicts) {
+        (*d)->conflicts.emplace_back(
+                C2ParamFieldValues{ C2ParamFieldBuilder(), nullptr });
+        if (!objcpy(&(*d)->conflicts.back(), sConflict)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid SettingResult::conflicts.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ParamDescriptor -> ParamDescriptor
+bool objcpy(ParamDescriptor *d, const C2ParamDescriptor &s) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.index());
+    d->attrib = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<ParamDescriptor::Attrib>>(
+            _C2ParamInspector::GetAttrib(s));
+    d->name = s.name();
+    copyVector<uint32_t>(&d->dependencies, s.dependencies());
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ParamDescriptor -> C2ParamDescriptor
+bool objcpy(std::shared_ptr<C2ParamDescriptor> *d, const ParamDescriptor &s) {
+    std::vector<C2Param::Index> dDependencies;
+    dDependencies.reserve(s.dependencies.size());
+    for (const ParamIndex& sDependency : s.dependencies) {
+        dDependencies.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(sDependency));
+    }
+    *d = std::make_shared<C2ParamDescriptor>(
+            C2Param::Index(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.index)),
+            static_cast<C2ParamDescriptor::attrib_t>(s.attrib),
+            C2String(s.name.c_str()),
+            std::move(dDependencies));
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2StructDescriptor -> StructDescriptor
+bool objcpy(StructDescriptor *d, const C2StructDescriptor &s) {
+    d->type = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.coreIndex().coreIndex());
+    d->fields.resize(s.numFields());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const auto& sField : s) {
+        FieldDescriptor& dField = d->fields[i++];
+        dField.fieldId.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                _C2ParamInspector::GetOffset(sField));
+        dField.fieldId.size = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                _C2ParamInspector::GetSize(sField));
+        dField.type = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<FieldDescriptor::Type>>(
+                sField.type());
+        dField.extent = static_cast<uint32_t>(sField.extent());
+        dField.name = static_cast<hidl_string>(sField.name());
+        const auto& sNamedValues = sField.namedValues();
+        dField.namedValues.resize(sNamedValues.size());
+        size_t j = 0;
+        for (const auto& sNamedValue : sNamedValues) {
+            FieldDescriptor::NamedValue& dNamedValue = dField.namedValues[j++];
+            dNamedValue.name = static_cast<hidl_string>(sNamedValue.first);
+            dNamedValue.value = static_cast<PrimitiveValue>(
+                    sNamedValue.second.u64);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// StructDescriptor -> C2StructDescriptor
+bool objcpy(std::unique_ptr<C2StructDescriptor> *d, const StructDescriptor &s) {
+    C2Param::CoreIndex dIndex = C2Param::CoreIndex(static_cast<uint32_t>(s.type));
+    std::vector<C2FieldDescriptor> dFields;
+    dFields.reserve(s.fields.size());
+    for (const auto &sField : s.fields) {
+        C2FieldDescriptor dField = {
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(sField.type),
+            sField.extent,
+            sField.name,
+            sField.fieldId.offset,
+            sField.fieldId.size };
+        C2FieldDescriptor::NamedValuesType namedValues;
+        namedValues.reserve(sField.namedValues.size());
+        for (const auto& sNamedValue : sField.namedValues) {
+            namedValues.emplace_back(
+                sNamedValue.name,
+                C2Value::Primitive(static_cast<uint64_t>(sNamedValue.value)));
+        }
+        _C2ParamInspector::AddNamedValues(dField, std::move(namedValues));
+        dFields.emplace_back(dField);
+    }
+    *d = std::make_unique<C2StructDescriptor>(
+            _C2ParamInspector::CreateStructDescriptor(dIndex, std::move(dFields)));
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+// Find or add a hidl BaseBlock object from a given C2Handle* to a list and an
+// associated map.
+// Note: The handle is not cloned.
+bool _addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const C2Handle* handle,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!handle) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "addBaseBlock called on a null C2Handle.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto it = baseBlockIndices->find(handle);
+    if (it != baseBlockIndices->end()) {
+        *index = it->second;
+    } else {
+        *index = baseBlocks->size();
+        baseBlockIndices->emplace(handle, *index);
+        baseBlocks->emplace_back();
+
+        BaseBlock &dBaseBlock = baseBlocks->back();
+        // This does not clone the handle.
+        dBaseBlock.nativeBlock(
+                reinterpret_cast<const native_handle_t*>(handle));
+
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Find or add a hidl BaseBlock object from a given BufferPoolData to a list and
+// an associated map.
+bool _addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!bpData) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "addBaseBlock called on a null BufferPoolData.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto it = baseBlockIndices->find(bpData.get());
+    if (it != baseBlockIndices->end()) {
+        *index = it->second;
+    } else {
+        *index = baseBlocks->size();
+        baseBlockIndices->emplace(bpData.get(), *index);
+        baseBlocks->emplace_back();
+
+        BaseBlock &dBaseBlock = baseBlocks->back();
+
+        if (bufferPoolSender) {
+            BufferStatusMessage pooledBlock;
+            ResultStatus bpStatus = bufferPoolSender->send(
+                    bpData,
+                    &pooledBlock);
+
+            if (bpStatus != ResultStatus::OK) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to send buffer with BufferPool. Error: "
+                           << static_cast<int32_t>(bpStatus)
+                           << ".";
+                return false;
+            }
+            dBaseBlock.pooledBlock(pooledBlock);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool addBaseBlock(
+        uint32_t* index,
+        const C2Handle* handle,
+        const std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData>& blockPoolData,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!blockPoolData) {
+        // No BufferPoolData ==> NATIVE block.
+        return _addBaseBlock(
+                index, handle,
+                baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+    }
+    switch (blockPoolData->getType()) {
+    case _C2BlockPoolData::TYPE_BUFFERPOOL: {
+            // BufferPoolData
+            std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData;
+            if (!_C2BlockFactory::GetBufferPoolData(blockPoolData, &bpData)
+                    || !bpData) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "BufferPoolData unavailable in a block.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            return _addBaseBlock(
+                    index, bpData,
+                    bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+        }
+    case _C2BlockPoolData::TYPE_BUFFERQUEUE:
+        uint32_t gen;
+        uint64_t bqId;
+        int32_t bqSlot;
+        // Update handle if migration happened.
+        if (_C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(
+                blockPoolData, &gen, &bqId, &bqSlot)) {
+            android::MigrateNativeCodec2GrallocHandle(
+                    const_cast<native_handle_t*>(handle), gen, bqId, bqSlot);
+        }
+        return _addBaseBlock(
+                index, handle,
+                baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices);
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown C2BlockPoolData type.";
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+// C2Fence -> hidl_handle
+// Note: File descriptors are not duplicated. The original file descriptor must
+// not be closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(hidl_handle* d, const C2Fence& s) {
+    d->setTo(nullptr);
+    native_handle_t* handle = _C2FenceFactory::CreateNativeHandle(s);
+    if (handle) {
+        d->setTo(handle, true /* owns */);
+//  } else if (!s.ready()) {
+//      // TODO: we should wait for unmarshallable fences but this may not be
+//      // the best place for it. We can safely ignore here as at this time
+//      // all fences used here are marshallable.
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ConstLinearBlock -> Block
+// Note: Native handles are not duplicated. The original handles must not be
+// closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(Block* d, const C2ConstLinearBlock& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData> bpData =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetLinearBlockPoolData(s);
+    if (!addBaseBlock(&d->index, s.handle(), bpData,
+            bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid block data in C2ConstLinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Create the metadata.
+    C2Hidl_RangeInfo dRangeInfo;
+    dRangeInfo.offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.offset());
+    dRangeInfo.length = static_cast<uint32_t>(s.size());
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->meta, std::vector<C2Param*>{ &dRangeInfo })) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid range info in C2ConstLinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the fence
+    if (!objcpy(&d->fence, s.fence())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ConstLinearBlock::fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2ConstGraphicBlock -> Block
+// Note: Native handles are not duplicated. The original handles must not be
+// closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(Block* d, const C2ConstGraphicBlock& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    std::shared_ptr<const _C2BlockPoolData> bpData =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(s);
+    if (!addBaseBlock(&d->index, s.handle(), bpData,
+            bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid block data in C2ConstGraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Create the metadata.
+    C2Hidl_RectInfo dRectInfo;
+    C2Rect sRect = s.crop();
+    dRectInfo.left = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.left);
+    dRectInfo.top = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.top);
+    dRectInfo.width = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.width);
+    dRectInfo.height = static_cast<uint32_t>(sRect.height);
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->meta, std::vector<C2Param*>{ &dRectInfo })) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid rect info in C2ConstGraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the fence
+    if (!objcpy(&d->fence, s.fence())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2ConstGraphicBlock::fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2BufferData -> Buffer
+// This function only fills in d->blocks.
+bool objcpy(Buffer* d, const C2BufferData& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->blocks.resize(
+            s.linearBlocks().size() +
+            s.graphicBlocks().size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const C2ConstLinearBlock& linearBlock : s.linearBlocks()) {
+        Block& dBlock = d->blocks[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBlock, linearBlock,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BufferData::linearBlocks. "
+                       << "(Destination index = " << i - 1 << ".)";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    for (const C2ConstGraphicBlock& graphicBlock : s.graphicBlocks()) {
+        Block& dBlock = d->blocks[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBlock, graphicBlock,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BufferData::graphicBlocks. "
+                       << "(Destination index = " << i - 1 << ".)";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2Buffer -> Buffer
+bool objcpy(Buffer* d, const C2Buffer& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->info, s.info())) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Buffer::info.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!objcpy(d, s.data(), bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Buffer::data.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2InfoBuffer -> InfoBuffer
+bool objcpy(InfoBuffer* d, const C2InfoBuffer& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->index = static_cast<ParamIndex>(s.index());
+    Buffer& dBuffer = d->buffer;
+    if (!objcpy(&dBuffer, s.data(), bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2InfoBuffer::data";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2FrameData -> FrameData
+bool objcpy(FrameData* d, const C2FrameData& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender,
+        std::list<BaseBlock>* baseBlocks,
+        std::map<const void*, uint32_t>* baseBlockIndices) {
+    d->flags = static_cast<hidl_bitfield<FrameData::Flags>>(s.flags);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->ordinal, s.ordinal)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::ordinal.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    d->buffers.resize(s.buffers.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>& sBuffer : s.buffers) {
+        Buffer& dBuffer = d->buffers[i++];
+        if (!sBuffer) {
+            // A null (pointer to) C2Buffer corresponds to a Buffer with empty
+            // info and blocks.
+            dBuffer.info.resize(0);
+            dBuffer.blocks.resize(0);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!objcpy(
+                &dBuffer, *sBuffer,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::buffers["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!createParamsBlob(&d->configUpdate, s.configUpdate)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::configUpdate.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    d->infoBuffers.resize(s.infoBuffers.size());
+    i = 0;
+    for (const C2InfoBuffer& sInfoBuffer : s.infoBuffers) {
+        InfoBuffer& dInfoBuffer = d->infoBuffers[i++];
+        if (!objcpy(&dInfoBuffer, sInfoBuffer,
+                bufferPoolSender, baseBlocks, baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2FrameData::infoBuffers["
+                       << i - 1 << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// DefaultBufferPoolSender's implementation
+
+DefaultBufferPoolSender::DefaultBufferPoolSender(
+        const sp<IClientManager>& receiverManager,
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration refreshInterval)
+    : mReceiverManager(receiverManager),
+      mRefreshInterval(refreshInterval) {
+}
+
+void DefaultBufferPoolSender::setReceiver(
+        const sp<IClientManager>& receiverManager,
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration refreshInterval) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    if (mReceiverManager != receiverManager) {
+        mReceiverManager = receiverManager;
+        mConnections.clear();
+    }
+    mRefreshInterval = refreshInterval;
+}
+
+ResultStatus DefaultBufferPoolSender::send(
+        const std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData>& bpData,
+        BufferStatusMessage* bpMessage) {
+    int64_t connectionId = bpData->mConnectionId;
+    if (connectionId == 0) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- invalid sender connection id (0).";
+        return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+    }
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    if (!mReceiverManager) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No access to receiver's BufferPool.";
+        return ResultStatus::NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    if (!mSenderManager) {
+        mSenderManager = ClientManager::getInstance();
+        if (!mSenderManager) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to retrieve local BufferPool ClientManager.";
+            return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    int64_t receiverConnectionId{0};
+    auto foundConnection = mConnections.find(connectionId);
+    bool isNewConnection = foundConnection == mConnections.end();
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now =
+            std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (isNewConnection ||
+            (now - foundConnection->second.lastSent > mRefreshInterval)) {
+        // Initialize the bufferpool connection.
+        ResultStatus rs =
+                mSenderManager->registerSender(mReceiverManager,
+                                               connectionId,
+                                               &receiverConnectionId);
+        if ((rs != ResultStatus::OK) && (rs != ResultStatus::ALREADY_EXISTS)) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- returned error: "
+                         << static_cast<int32_t>(rs)
+                         << ".";
+            return rs;
+        } else if (receiverConnectionId == 0) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "registerSender -- "
+                            "invalid receiver connection id (0).";
+            return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+        } else {
+            if (isNewConnection) {
+                foundConnection = mConnections.try_emplace(
+                        connectionId, receiverConnectionId, now).first;
+            } else {
+                foundConnection->second.receiverConnectionId = receiverConnectionId;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        receiverConnectionId = foundConnection->second.receiverConnectionId;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t transactionId;
+    int64_t timestampUs;
+    ResultStatus rs = mSenderManager->postSend(
+            receiverConnectionId, bpData, &transactionId, &timestampUs);
+    if (rs != ResultStatus::OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "ClientManager::postSend -- returned error: "
+                   << static_cast<int32_t>(rs)
+                   << ".";
+        mConnections.erase(foundConnection);
+        return rs;
+    }
+    if (!bpMessage) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Null output parameter for BufferStatusMessage.";
+        mConnections.erase(foundConnection);
+        return ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR;
+    }
+    bpMessage->connectionId = receiverConnectionId;
+    bpMessage->bufferId = bpData->mId;
+    bpMessage->transactionId = transactionId;
+    bpMessage->timestampUs = timestampUs;
+    foundConnection->second.lastSent = now;
+    return rs;
+}
+
+// std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>> -> WorkBundle
+bool objcpy(
+        WorkBundle* d,
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& s,
+        BufferPoolSender* bufferPoolSender) {
+    // baseBlocks holds a list of BaseBlock objects that Blocks can refer to.
+    std::list<BaseBlock> baseBlocks;
+
+    // baseBlockIndices maps a raw pointer to native_handle_t or BufferPoolData
+    // inside baseBlocks to the corresponding index into baseBlocks. The keys
+    // (pointers) are used to identify blocks that have the same "base block" in
+    // s, a list of C2Work objects. Because baseBlocks will be copied into a
+    // hidl_vec eventually, the values of baseBlockIndices are zero-based
+    // integer indices instead of list iterators.
+    //
+    // Note that the pointers can be raw because baseBlockIndices has a shorter
+    // lifespan than all of base blocks.
+    std::map<const void*, uint32_t> baseBlockIndices;
+
+    d->works.resize(s.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Work>& sWork : s) {
+        Work &dWork = d->works[i++];
+        if (!sWork) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work encountered.";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // chain info is not in use currently.
+
+        // input
+        if (!objcpy(&dWork.input, sWork->input,
+                bufferPoolSender, &baseBlocks, &baseBlockIndices)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::input.";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // worklets
+        if (sWork->worklets.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "Work with no worklets.";
+        } else {
+            // Parcel the worklets.
+            hidl_vec<Worklet> &dWorklets = dWork.worklets;
+            dWorklets.resize(sWork->worklets.size());
+            size_t j = 0;
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet>& sWorklet : sWork->worklets)
+            {
+                if (!sWorklet) {
+                    LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work::worklets["
+                                 << j << "].";
+                    continue;
+                }
+                Worklet &dWorklet = dWorklets[j++];
+
+                // component id
+                dWorklet.componentId = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                        sWorklet->component);
+
+                // tunings
+                if (!createParamsBlob(&dWorklet.tunings, sWorklet->tunings)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                               << j - 1 << "]->tunings.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // failures
+                dWorklet.failures.resize(sWorklet->failures.size());
+                size_t k = 0;
+                for (const std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult>& sFailure :
+                        sWorklet->failures) {
+                    if (!sFailure) {
+                        LOG(WARNING) << "Null C2Work::worklets["
+                                     << j - 1 << "]->failures["
+                                     << k << "].";
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (!objcpy(&dWorklet.failures[k++], *sFailure)) {
+                        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                                   << j - 1 << "]->failures["
+                                   << k - 1 << "].";
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // output
+                if (!objcpy(&dWorklet.output, sWorklet->output,
+                        bufferPoolSender, &baseBlocks, &baseBlockIndices)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2Work::worklets["
+                               << j - 1 << "]->output.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // worklets processed
+        dWork.workletsProcessed = sWork->workletsProcessed;
+
+        // result
+        dWork.result = static_cast<Status>(sWork->result);
+    }
+
+    // Copy std::list<BaseBlock> to hidl_vec<BaseBlock>.
+    {
+        d->baseBlocks.resize(baseBlocks.size());
+        size_t i = 0;
+        for (const BaseBlock& baseBlock : baseBlocks) {
+            d->baseBlocks[i++] = baseBlock;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+struct C2BaseBlock {
+    enum type_t {
+        LINEAR,
+        GRAPHIC,
+    };
+    type_t type;
+    std::shared_ptr<C2LinearBlock> linear;
+    std::shared_ptr<C2GraphicBlock> graphic;
+};
+
+// hidl_handle -> C2Fence
+// Note: File descriptors are not duplicated. The original file descriptor must
+// not be closed before the transaction is complete.
+bool objcpy(C2Fence* d, const hidl_handle& s) {
+    const native_handle_t* handle = s.getNativeHandle();
+    *d = _C2FenceFactory::CreateFromNativeHandle(handle);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2LinearBlock, vector<C2Param*>, C2Fence -> C2Buffer
+bool createLinearBuffer(
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* buffer,
+        const std::shared_ptr<C2LinearBlock>& block,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& meta,
+        const C2Fence& fence) {
+    // Check the block meta. It should have exactly 1 C2Info:
+    // C2Hidl_RangeInfo.
+    if ((meta.size() != 1) || !meta[0]) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2LinearBlock::meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (meta[0]->size() != sizeof(C2Hidl_RangeInfo)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid range info in C2LinearBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    C2Hidl_RangeInfo *rangeInfo =
+            reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RangeInfo*>(meta[0]);
+
+    // Create C2Buffer from C2LinearBlock.
+    *buffer = C2Buffer::CreateLinearBuffer(block->share(
+            rangeInfo->offset, rangeInfo->length,
+            fence));
+    if (!(*buffer)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CreateLinearBuffer failed.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// C2GraphicBlock, vector<C2Param*>, C2Fence -> C2Buffer
+bool createGraphicBuffer(
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* buffer,
+        const std::shared_ptr<C2GraphicBlock>& block,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& meta,
+        const C2Fence& fence) {
+    // Check the block meta. It should have exactly 1 C2Info:
+    // C2Hidl_RectInfo.
+    if ((meta.size() != 1) || !meta[0]) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2GraphicBlock::meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (meta[0]->size() != sizeof(C2Hidl_RectInfo)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid rect info in C2GraphicBlock.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    C2Hidl_RectInfo *rectInfo =
+            reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RectInfo*>(meta[0]);
+
+    // Create C2Buffer from C2GraphicBlock.
+    *buffer = C2Buffer::CreateGraphicBuffer(block->share(
+            C2Rect(rectInfo->width, rectInfo->height).
+            at(rectInfo->left, rectInfo->top),
+            fence));
+    if (!(*buffer)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CreateGraphicBuffer failed.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Buffer -> C2Buffer
+// Note: The native handles will be cloned.
+bool objcpy(std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>* d, const Buffer& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+    *d = nullptr;
+
+    // Currently, a non-null C2Buffer must contain exactly 1 block.
+    if (s.blocks.size() == 0) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.blocks.size() != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer: "
+                      "Currently, a C2Buffer must contain exactly 1 block.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const Block &sBlock = s.blocks[0];
+    if (sBlock.index >= baseBlocks.size()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].index: "
+                      "Array index out of range.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const C2BaseBlock &baseBlock = baseBlocks[sBlock.index];
+
+    // Parse meta.
+    std::vector<C2Param*> sBlockMeta;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&sBlockMeta, sBlock.meta)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy fence.
+    C2Fence dFence;
+    if (!objcpy(&dFence, sBlock.fence)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::blocks[0].fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Construct a block.
+    switch (baseBlock.type) {
+    case C2BaseBlock::LINEAR:
+        if (!createLinearBuffer(d, baseBlock.linear, sBlockMeta, dFence)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::linear.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
+    case C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC:
+        if (!createGraphicBuffer(d, baseBlock.graphic, sBlockMeta, dFence)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::graphic.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::type.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Parse info
+    std::vector<C2Param*> params;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&params, s.info)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Buffer::info.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (C2Param* param : params) {
+        if (param == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Null param in Buffer::info.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Param> c2param{
+                C2Param::Copy(*param).release()};
+        if (!c2param) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid param in Buffer::info.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        c2_status_t status =
+                (*d)->setInfo(std::static_pointer_cast<C2Info>(c2param));
+        if (status != C2_OK) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "C2Buffer::setInfo failed.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// InfoBuffer -> C2InfoBuffer
+bool objcpy(std::vector<C2InfoBuffer> *d, const InfoBuffer& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+
+    // Currently, a non-null C2InfoBufer must contain exactly 1 block.
+    if (s.buffer.blocks.size() == 0) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (s.buffer.blocks.size() != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer "
+                      "Currently, a C2InfoBuffer must contain exactly 1 block.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const Block &sBlock = s.buffer.blocks[0];
+    if (sBlock.index >= baseBlocks.size()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].index: "
+                      "Array index out of range.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const C2BaseBlock &baseBlock = baseBlocks[sBlock.index];
+
+    // Parse meta.
+    std::vector<C2Param*> sBlockMeta;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&sBlockMeta, sBlock.meta)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].meta.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy fence.
+    C2Fence dFence;
+    if (!objcpy(&dFence, sBlock.fence)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid InfoBuffer::Buffer::blocks[0].fence.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Construct a block.
+    switch (baseBlock.type) {
+    case C2BaseBlock::LINEAR:
+        if (sBlockMeta.size() == 1 && sBlockMeta[0] != nullptr &&
+            sBlockMeta[0]->size() == sizeof(C2Hidl_RangeInfo)) {
+            C2Hidl_RangeInfo *rangeInfo =
+                    reinterpret_cast<C2Hidl_RangeInfo*>(sBlockMeta[0]);
+            d->emplace_back(C2InfoBuffer::CreateLinearBuffer(
+                    s.index,
+                    baseBlock.linear->share(
+                            rangeInfo->offset, rangeInfo->length, dFence)));
+            return true;
+        }
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Meta for C2BaseBlock::Linear InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    case C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC:
+        // It's not used now
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Non-Used C2BaseBlock::type for InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid C2BaseBlock::type for InfoBuffer.";
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+// FrameData -> C2FrameData
+bool objcpy(C2FrameData* d, const FrameData& s,
+        const std::vector<C2BaseBlock>& baseBlocks) {
+    d->flags = static_cast<C2FrameData::flags_t>(s.flags);
+    if (!objcpy(&d->ordinal, s.ordinal)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::ordinal.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->buffers.clear();
+    d->buffers.reserve(s.buffers.size());
+    for (const Buffer& sBuffer : s.buffers) {
+        std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer> dBuffer;
+        if (!objcpy(&dBuffer, sBuffer, baseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::buffers.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        d->buffers.emplace_back(dBuffer);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> params;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&params, s.configUpdate)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid FrameData::configUpdate.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    d->configUpdate.clear();
+    for (C2Param* param : params) {
+        d->configUpdate.emplace_back(C2Param::Copy(*param));
+        if (!d->configUpdate.back()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unexpected error while parsing "
+                          "FrameData::configUpdate.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    d->infoBuffers.clear();
+    if (s.infoBuffers.size() == 0) {
+        // InfoBuffer is optional
+        return true;
+    }
+    d->infoBuffers.reserve(s.infoBuffers.size());
+    for (const InfoBuffer &sInfoBuffer: s.infoBuffers) {
+        if (!objcpy(&(d->infoBuffers), sInfoBuffer, baseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Framedata::infoBuffers.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// BaseBlock -> C2BaseBlock
+bool objcpy(C2BaseBlock* d, const BaseBlock& s) {
+    switch (s.getDiscriminator()) {
+    case BaseBlock::hidl_discriminator::nativeBlock: {
+            if (s.nativeBlock() == nullptr) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Null BaseBlock::nativeBlock handle";
+                return false;
+            }
+            native_handle_t* sHandle =
+                    native_handle_clone(s.nativeBlock());
+            if (sHandle == nullptr) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Null BaseBlock::nativeBlock.";
+                return false;
+            }
+            const C2Handle *sC2Handle =
+                    reinterpret_cast<const C2Handle*>(sHandle);
+
+            d->linear = _C2BlockFactory::CreateLinearBlock(sC2Handle);
+            if (d->linear) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::LINEAR;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            d->graphic = _C2BlockFactory::CreateGraphicBlock(sC2Handle);
+            if (d->graphic) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown handle type in BaseBlock::nativeBlock.";
+            if (sHandle) {
+                native_handle_close(sHandle);
+                native_handle_delete(sHandle);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    case BaseBlock::hidl_discriminator::pooledBlock: {
+            const BufferStatusMessage &bpMessage =
+                    s.pooledBlock();
+            sp<ClientManager> bp = ClientManager::getInstance();
+            std::shared_ptr<BufferPoolData> bpData;
+            native_handle_t *cHandle;
+            ResultStatus bpStatus = bp->receive(
+                    bpMessage.connectionId,
+                    bpMessage.transactionId,
+                    bpMessage.bufferId,
+                    bpMessage.timestampUs,
+                    &cHandle,
+                    &bpData);
+            if (bpStatus != ResultStatus::OK) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to receive buffer from bufferpool -- "
+                           << "resultStatus = " << underlying_value(bpStatus)
+                           << ".";
+                return false;
+            } else if (!bpData) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "No data in bufferpool transaction.";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            d->linear = _C2BlockFactory::CreateLinearBlock(cHandle, bpData);
+            if (d->linear) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::LINEAR;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            d->graphic = _C2BlockFactory::CreateGraphicBlock(cHandle, bpData);
+            if (d->graphic) {
+                d->type = C2BaseBlock::GRAPHIC;
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (cHandle) {
+                // Though we got cloned handle, creating block failed.
+                native_handle_close(cHandle);
+                native_handle_delete(cHandle);
+            }
+
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown handle type in BaseBlock::pooledBlock.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unrecognized BaseBlock's discriminator with "
+                   << "underlying value "
+                   << underlying_value(s.getDiscriminator()) << ".";
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// WorkBundle -> std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>
+bool objcpy(std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>* d, const WorkBundle& s) {
+    // Convert BaseBlocks to C2BaseBlocks.
+    std::vector<C2BaseBlock> dBaseBlocks(s.baseBlocks.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < s.baseBlocks.size(); ++i) {
+        if (!objcpy(&dBaseBlocks[i], s.baseBlocks[i])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid WorkBundle::baseBlocks["
+                       << i << "].";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    d->clear();
+    for (const Work& sWork : s.works) {
+        d->emplace_back(std::make_unique<C2Work>());
+        C2Work& dWork = *d->back();
+
+        // chain info is not in use currently.
+
+        // input
+        if (!objcpy(&dWork.input, sWork.input, dBaseBlocks)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Work::input.";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // worklet(s)
+        dWork.worklets.clear();
+        for (const Worklet& sWorklet : sWork.worklets) {
+            std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet> dWorklet = std::make_unique<C2Worklet>();
+
+            // component id
+            dWorklet->component = static_cast<c2_node_id_t>(
+                    sWorklet.componentId);
+
+            // tunings
+            if (!copyParamsFromBlob(&dWorklet->tunings, sWorklet.tunings)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::tunings";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // failures
+            dWorklet->failures.clear();
+            dWorklet->failures.reserve(sWorklet.failures.size());
+            for (const SettingResult& sFailure : sWorklet.failures) {
+                std::unique_ptr<C2SettingResult> dFailure;
+                if (!objcpy(&dFailure, sFailure)) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::failures.";
+                    return false;
+                }
+                dWorklet->failures.emplace_back(std::move(dFailure));
+            }
+
+            // output
+            if (!objcpy(&dWorklet->output, sWorklet.output, dBaseBlocks)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid Worklet::output.";
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            dWork.worklets.emplace_back(std::move(dWorklet));
+        }
+
+        // workletsProcessed
+        dWork.workletsProcessed = sWork.workletsProcessed;
+
+        // result
+        dWork.result = static_cast<c2_status_t>(sWork.result);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+constexpr size_t PARAMS_ALIGNMENT = 8;  // 64-bit alignment
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Param) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Info) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+static_assert(PARAMS_ALIGNMENT % alignof(C2Tuning) == 0, "C2Param alignment mismatch");
+
+// Params -> std::vector<C2Param*>
+bool parseParamsBlob(std::vector<C2Param*> *params, const hidl_vec<uint8_t> &blob) {
+    // assuming blob is const here
+    size_t size = blob.size();
+    size_t ix = 0;
+    size_t old_ix = 0;
+    const uint8_t *data = blob.data();
+    C2Param *p = nullptr;
+
+    do {
+        p = C2ParamUtils::ParseFirst(data + ix, size - ix);
+        if (p) {
+            params->emplace_back(p);
+            old_ix = ix;
+            ix += p->size();
+            ix = align(ix, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+            if (ix <= old_ix || ix > size) {
+                android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "238083570");
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    } while (p);
+
+    if (ix != size) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "parseParamsBlob -- inconsistent sizes.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates a list of C2Params into a params blob. T is a container type
+ * whose member type is compatible with C2Param*.
+ *
+ * \param[out] blob target blob
+ * \param[in] params parameters to concatenate
+ * \retval C2_OK if the blob was successfully created
+ * \retval C2_BAD_VALUE if the blob was not successful created (this only
+ *         happens if the parameters were not const)
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool _createParamsBlob(hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob, const T &params) {
+    // assuming the parameter values are const
+    size_t size = 0;
+    for (const auto &p : params) {
+        if (!p) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        size += p->size();
+        size = align(size, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+    }
+    blob->resize(size);
+    size_t ix = 0;
+    for (const auto &p : params) {
+        if (!p) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // NEVER overwrite even if param values (e.g. size) changed
+        size_t paramSize = std::min(p->size(), size - ix);
+        std::copy(
+                reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&*p),
+                reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&*p) + paramSize,
+                &(*blob)[ix]);
+        ix += paramSize;
+        ix = align(ix, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+    }
+    blob->resize(ix);
+    if (ix != size) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "createParamsBlob -- inconsistent sizes.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses a params blob and create a vector of new T objects that contain copies
+ * of the params in the blob. T is C2Param or its compatible derived class.
+ *
+ * \param[out] params the resulting vector
+ * \param[in] blob parameter blob to parse
+ * \retval C2_OK if the full blob was parsed and params was constructed
+ * \retval C2_BAD_VALUE otherwise
+ */
+template <typename T>
+bool _copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> paramPointers;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&paramPointers, blob)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "copyParamsFromBlob -- failed to parse.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    params->resize(paramPointers.size());
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (C2Param* const& paramPointer : paramPointers) {
+        if (!paramPointer) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "copyParamsFromBlob -- null paramPointer.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        (*params)[i++].reset(reinterpret_cast<T*>(
+                C2Param::Copy(*paramPointer).release()));
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+// std::vector<const C2Param*> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<const C2Param*> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<C2Param*> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<C2Param*> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const C2Info>> -> Params
+bool createParamsBlob(
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> *blob,
+        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const C2Info>> &params) {
+    return _createParamsBlob(blob, params);
+}
+
+// Params -> std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>
+bool copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+    return _copyParamsFromBlob(params, blob);
+}
+
+// Params -> std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>>
+bool copyParamsFromBlob(
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Tuning>>* params,
+        Params blob) {
+    return _copyParamsFromBlob(params, blob);
+}
+
+// Params -> update std::vector<std::unique_ptr<C2Param>>
+bool updateParamsFromBlob(
+        const std::vector<C2Param*>& params,
+        const Params& blob) {
+    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, C2Param*> index2param;
+    for (C2Param* const& param : params) {
+        if (!param) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- null output param.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (index2param.find(param->index()) == index2param.end()) {
+            index2param.emplace(param->index(), param);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<C2Param*> paramPointers;
+    if (!parseParamsBlob(&paramPointers, blob)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- failed to parse.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (C2Param* const& paramPointer : paramPointers) {
+        if (!paramPointer) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- null input param.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        decltype(index2param)::iterator i = index2param.find(
+                paramPointer->index());
+        if (i == index2param.end()) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- index "
+                       << paramPointer->index() << " not found. Skipping...";
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!i->second->updateFrom(*paramPointer)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "updateParamsFromBlob -- size mismatch: "
+                       << params.size() << " vs " << paramPointer->size()
+                       << " (index = " << i->first << ").";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Convert BufferPool ResultStatus to c2_status_t.
+c2_status_t toC2Status(ResultStatus rs) {
+    switch (rs) {
+    case ResultStatus::OK:
+        return C2_OK;
+    case ResultStatus::NO_MEMORY:
+        return C2_NO_MEMORY;
+    case ResultStatus::ALREADY_EXISTS:
+        return C2_DUPLICATE;
+    case ResultStatus::NOT_FOUND:
+        return C2_NOT_FOUND;
+    case ResultStatus::CRITICAL_ERROR:
+        return C2_CORRUPTED;
+    default:
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Unrecognized BufferPool ResultStatus: "
+                     << static_cast<int32_t>(rs) << ".";
+        return C2_CORRUPTED;
+    }
+}
+
+namespace /* unnamed */ {
+
+template <typename BlockProcessor>
+void forEachBlock(C2FrameData& frameData,
+                  BlockProcessor process) {
+    for (const std::shared_ptr<C2Buffer>& buffer : frameData.buffers) {
+        if (buffer) {
+            for (const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block :
+                    buffer->data().graphicBlocks()) {
+                process(block);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename BlockProcessor>
+void forEachBlock(const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+                  BlockProcessor process,
+                  bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Work>& work : workList) {
+        if (!work) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (processInput) {
+            forEachBlock(work->input, process);
+        }
+        if (processOutput) {
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<C2Worklet>& worklet : work->worklets) {
+                if (worklet) {
+                    forEachBlock(worklet->output,
+                                 process);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // unnamed namespace
+
+bool beginTransferBufferQueueBlock(const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::BeginTransferBlockToClient(data);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void beginTransferBufferQueueBlocks(
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+        bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    forEachBlock(workList, beginTransferBufferQueueBlock,
+                 processInput, processOutput);
+}
+
+bool endTransferBufferQueueBlock(
+        const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block,
+        bool transfer) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::EndTransferBlockToClient(data, transfer);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void endTransferBufferQueueBlocks(
+        const std::list<std::unique_ptr<C2Work>>& workList,
+        bool transfer,
+        bool processInput, bool processOutput) {
+    forEachBlock(workList,
+                 std::bind(endTransferBufferQueueBlock,
+                           std::placeholders::_1, transfer),
+                 processInput, processOutput);
+}
+
+bool displayBufferQueueBlock(const C2ConstGraphicBlock& block) {
+    std::shared_ptr<_C2BlockPoolData> data =
+            _C2BlockFactory::GetGraphicBlockPoolData(block);
+    if (data && _C2BlockFactory::GetBufferQueueData(data)) {
+        _C2BlockFactory::DisplayBlockToBufferQueue(data);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace utils
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace c2
+}  // namespace media
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+