Merge "MediaTesting: Add amr-nb Encoder Test"
diff --git a/apex/ld.config.txt b/apex/ld.config.txt
index f56e1b5..bd6af83 100644
--- a/apex/ld.config.txt
+++ b/apex/ld.config.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@
 namespace.default.search.paths      = /apex/com.android.media.swcodec/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths = /apex/com.android.media.swcodec/${LIB}
 
+# Below lines are required to be able to access libs in APEXes which are
+# actually symlinks to the files under /system/lib. The symlinks exist for
+# bundled APEXes to reduce space.
+namespace.default.permitted.paths   = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths = /system/${LIB}
+
 namespace.default.links = platform
 
 # TODO: replace the following when apex has a way to auto-generate this list
diff --git a/cmds/stagefright/Android.mk b/cmds/stagefright/Android.mk
index defc94f..7b447d3 100644
--- a/cmds/stagefright/Android.mk
+++ b/cmds/stagefright/Android.mk
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
 
+LOCAL_SYSTEM_EXT_MODULE:= true
 LOCAL_MODULE:= stagefright
 
 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.cpp b/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.cpp
index fa98178..75a6122 100644
--- a/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.cpp
@@ -755,8 +755,8 @@
         ALOGE("not supposed to be here, invalid decoder context");
         return C2_CORRUPTED;
     }
-    if (mStride != ALIGN64(mWidth)) {
-        mStride = ALIGN64(mWidth);
+    if (mStride != ALIGN128(mWidth)) {
+        mStride = ALIGN128(mWidth);
         if (OK != setParams(mStride, IVD_DECODE_FRAME)) return C2_CORRUPTED;
     }
     if (mOutBlock &&
diff --git a/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.h b/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.h
index 4414a26..ed27493 100644
--- a/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.h
+++ b/media/codec2/components/avc/C2SoftAvcDec.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #define ivdext_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t  ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t
 #define ivdext_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t  ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t
 #define ALIGN64(x)                      ((((x) + 63) >> 6) << 6)
+#define ALIGN128(x)                     ((((x) + 127) >> 7) << 7)
 #define MAX_NUM_CORES                   4
 #define IVDEXT_CMD_CTL_SET_NUM_CORES    \
         (IVD_CONTROL_API_COMMAND_TYPE_T)IH264D_CMD_CTL_SET_NUM_CORES
diff --git a/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.cpp b/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.cpp
index df677c2..389ea61 100644
--- a/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.cpp
@@ -752,8 +752,8 @@
         ALOGE("not supposed to be here, invalid decoder context");
         return C2_CORRUPTED;
     }
-    if (mStride != ALIGN64(mWidth)) {
-        mStride = ALIGN64(mWidth);
+    if (mStride != ALIGN128(mWidth)) {
+        mStride = ALIGN128(mWidth);
         if (OK != setParams(mStride, IVD_DECODE_FRAME)) return C2_CORRUPTED;
     }
     if (mOutBlock &&
diff --git a/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.h b/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.h
index ce63a6c..aecd101 100644
--- a/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.h
+++ b/media/codec2/components/hevc/C2SoftHevcDec.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #define ivdext_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t  ihevcd_cxa_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t
 #define ivdext_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t  ihevcd_cxa_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t
 #define ALIGN64(x)                      ((((x) + 63) >> 6) << 6)
+#define ALIGN128(x)                     ((((x) + 127) >> 7) << 7)
 #define MAX_NUM_CORES                   4
 #define IVDEXT_CMD_CTL_SET_NUM_CORES    \
         (IVD_CONTROL_API_COMMAND_TYPE_T)IHEVCD_CXA_CMD_CTL_SET_NUM_CORES
diff --git a/media/extractors/tests/Android.bp b/media/extractors/tests/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..059c308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/extractors/tests/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "ExtractorUnitTest",
+    gtest: true,
+
+    srcs: ["ExtractorUnitTest.cpp"],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "libaacextractor",
+        "libamrextractor",
+        "libmp3extractor",
+        "libwavextractor",
+        "liboggextractor",
+        "libflacextractor",
+        "libmidiextractor",
+        "libmkvextractor",
+        "libmpeg2extractor",
+        "libmp4extractor",
+        "libaudioutils",
+        "libdatasource",
+
+        "libstagefright",
+        "libstagefright_id3",
+        "libstagefright_flacdec",
+        "libstagefright_esds",
+        "libstagefright_mpeg2support",
+        "libstagefright_mpeg2extractor",
+        "libstagefright_foundation",
+        "libstagefright_metadatautils",
+
+        "libmedia_midiiowrapper",
+        "libsonivox",
+        "libvorbisidec",
+        "libwebm",
+        "libFLAC",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.cas@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.cas.native@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.token@1.0-utils",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "libbinder",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libmediandk",
+        "libmedia",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libhidlbase",
+    ],
+
+    include_dirs: [
+        "frameworks/av/media/extractors/",
+        "frameworks/av/media/libstagefright/",
+    ],
+
+    compile_multilib: "first",
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wall",
+    ],
+
+    ldflags: [
+        "-Wl",
+        "-Bsymbolic",
+        // to ignore duplicate symbol: GETEXTRACTORDEF
+        "-z muldefs",
+    ],
+
+    sanitize: {
+        cfi: true,
+        misc_undefined: [
+            "unsigned-integer-overflow",
+            "signed-integer-overflow",
+        ],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTest.cpp b/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..518166e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define LOG_TAG "ExtractorUnitTest"
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <datasource/FileSource.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/MediaBufferGroup.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/MediaDefs.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/MetaDataUtils.h>
+
+#include "aac/AACExtractor.h"
+#include "amr/AMRExtractor.h"
+#include "flac/FLACExtractor.h"
+#include "midi/MidiExtractor.h"
+#include "mkv/MatroskaExtractor.h"
+#include "mp3/MP3Extractor.h"
+#include "mp4/MPEG4Extractor.h"
+#include "mp4/SampleTable.h"
+#include "mpeg2/MPEG2PSExtractor.h"
+#include "mpeg2/MPEG2TSExtractor.h"
+#include "ogg/OggExtractor.h"
+#include "wav/WAVExtractor.h"
+
+#include "ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment.h"
+
+using namespace android;
+
+#define OUTPUT_DUMP_FILE "/data/local/tmp/extractorOutput"
+
+constexpr int32_t kMaxCount = 10;
+constexpr int32_t kOpusSeekPreRollUs = 80000;  // 80 ms;
+
+static ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment *gEnv = nullptr;
+
+class ExtractorUnitTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<pair<string, string>> {
+  public:
+    ExtractorUnitTest() : mInputFp(nullptr), mDataSource(nullptr), mExtractor(nullptr) {}
+
+    ~ExtractorUnitTest() {
+        if (mInputFp) {
+            fclose(mInputFp);
+            mInputFp = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (mDataSource) {
+            mDataSource.clear();
+            mDataSource = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (mExtractor) {
+            delete mExtractor;
+            mExtractor = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mExtractorName = unknown_comp;
+        mDisableTest = false;
+
+        static const std::map<std::string, standardExtractors> mapExtractor = {
+                {"aac", AAC},     {"amr", AMR},         {"mp3", MP3},        {"ogg", OGG},
+                {"wav", WAV},     {"mkv", MKV},         {"flac", FLAC},      {"midi", MIDI},
+                {"mpeg4", MPEG4}, {"mpeg2ts", MPEG2TS}, {"mpeg2ps", MPEG2PS}};
+        // Find the component type
+        string writerFormat = GetParam().first;
+        if (mapExtractor.find(writerFormat) != mapExtractor.end()) {
+            mExtractorName = mapExtractor.at(writerFormat);
+        }
+        if (mExtractorName == standardExtractors::unknown_comp) {
+            cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Skipped. Invalid extractor\n";
+            mDisableTest = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    int32_t setDataSource(string inputFileName);
+
+    int32_t createExtractor();
+
+    enum standardExtractors {
+        AAC,
+        AMR,
+        FLAC,
+        MIDI,
+        MKV,
+        MP3,
+        MPEG4,
+        MPEG2PS,
+        MPEG2TS,
+        OGG,
+        WAV,
+        unknown_comp,
+    };
+
+    bool mDisableTest;
+    standardExtractors mExtractorName;
+
+    FILE *mInputFp;
+    sp<DataSource> mDataSource;
+    MediaExtractorPluginHelper *mExtractor;
+};
+
+int32_t ExtractorUnitTest::setDataSource(string inputFileName) {
+    mInputFp = fopen(inputFileName.c_str(), "rb");
+    if (!mInputFp) {
+        ALOGE("Unable to open input file for reading");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    struct stat buf;
+    stat(inputFileName.c_str(), &buf);
+    int32_t fd = fileno(mInputFp);
+    mDataSource = new FileSource(dup(fd), 0, buf.st_size);
+    if (!mDataSource) return -1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int32_t ExtractorUnitTest::createExtractor() {
+    switch (mExtractorName) {
+        case AAC:
+            mExtractor = new AACExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()), 0);
+            break;
+        case AMR:
+            mExtractor = new AMRExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MP3:
+            mExtractor = new MP3Extractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()), nullptr);
+            break;
+        case OGG:
+            mExtractor = new OggExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case WAV:
+            mExtractor = new WAVExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MKV:
+            mExtractor = new MatroskaExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case FLAC:
+            mExtractor = new FLACExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MPEG4:
+            mExtractor = new MPEG4Extractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MPEG2TS:
+            mExtractor = new MPEG2TSExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MPEG2PS:
+            mExtractor = new MPEG2PSExtractor(new DataSourceHelper(mDataSource->wrap()));
+            break;
+        case MIDI:
+            mExtractor = new MidiExtractor(mDataSource->wrap());
+            break;
+        default:
+            return -1;
+    }
+    if (!mExtractor) return -1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void getSeekablePoints(vector<int64_t> &seekablePoints, MediaTrackHelper *track) {
+    int32_t status = 0;
+    if (!seekablePoints.empty()) {
+        seekablePoints.clear();
+    }
+    int64_t timeStamp;
+    while (status != AMEDIA_ERROR_END_OF_STREAM) {
+        MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
+        status = track->read(&buffer);
+        if (buffer) {
+            AMediaFormat *metaData = buffer->meta_data();
+            int32_t isSync = 0;
+            AMediaFormat_getInt32(metaData, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_IS_SYNC_FRAME, &isSync);
+            if (isSync) {
+                AMediaFormat_getInt64(metaData, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_TIME_US, &timeStamp);
+                seekablePoints.push_back(timeStamp);
+            }
+            buffer->release();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(ExtractorUnitTest, CreateExtractorTest) {
+    if (mDisableTest) return;
+
+    ALOGV("Checks if a valid extractor is created for a given input file");
+    string inputFileName = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam().second;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(setDataSource(inputFileName), 0)
+            << "SetDataSource failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(createExtractor(), 0)
+            << "Extractor creation failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    // A valid extractor instace should return success for following calls
+    ASSERT_GT(mExtractor->countTracks(), 0);
+
+    AMediaFormat *format = AMediaFormat_new();
+    ASSERT_NE(format, nullptr) << "AMediaFormat_new returned null AMediaformat";
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(mExtractor->getMetaData(format), AMEDIA_OK);
+    AMediaFormat_delete(format);
+}
+
+TEST_P(ExtractorUnitTest, ExtractorTest) {
+    if (mDisableTest) return;
+
+    ALOGV("Validates %s Extractor for a given input file", GetParam().first.c_str());
+    string inputFileName = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam().second;
+
+    int32_t status = setDataSource(inputFileName);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "SetDataSource failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    status = createExtractor();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "Extractor creation failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    int32_t numTracks = mExtractor->countTracks();
+    ASSERT_GT(numTracks, 0) << "Extractor didn't find any track for the given clip";
+
+    for (int32_t idx = 0; idx < numTracks; idx++) {
+        MediaTrackHelper *track = mExtractor->getTrack(idx);
+        ASSERT_NE(track, nullptr) << "Failed to get track for index " << idx;
+
+        CMediaTrack *cTrack = wrap(track);
+        ASSERT_NE(cTrack, nullptr) << "Failed to get track wrapper for index " << idx;
+
+        MediaBufferGroup *bufferGroup = new MediaBufferGroup();
+        status = cTrack->start(track, bufferGroup->wrap());
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to start the track";
+
+        FILE *outFp = fopen((OUTPUT_DUMP_FILE + to_string(idx)).c_str(), "wb");
+        if (!outFp) {
+            ALOGW("Unable to open output file for dumping extracted stream");
+        }
+
+        while (status != AMEDIA_ERROR_END_OF_STREAM) {
+            MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
+            status = track->read(&buffer);
+            ALOGV("track->read Status = %d buffer %p", status, buffer);
+            if (buffer) {
+                ALOGV("buffer->data %p buffer->size() %zu buffer->range_length() %zu",
+                      buffer->data(), buffer->size(), buffer->range_length());
+                if (outFp) fwrite(buffer->data(), 1, buffer->range_length(), outFp);
+                buffer->release();
+            }
+        }
+        if (outFp) fclose(outFp);
+        status = cTrack->stop(track);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status) << "Failed to stop the track";
+        delete bufferGroup;
+        delete track;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(ExtractorUnitTest, MetaDataComparisonTest) {
+    if (mDisableTest) return;
+
+    ALOGV("Validates Extractor's meta data for a given input file");
+    string inputFileName = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam().second;
+
+    int32_t status = setDataSource(inputFileName);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "SetDataSource failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    status = createExtractor();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "Extractor creation failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    int32_t numTracks = mExtractor->countTracks();
+    ASSERT_GT(numTracks, 0) << "Extractor didn't find any track for the given clip";
+
+    AMediaFormat *extractorFormat = AMediaFormat_new();
+    ASSERT_NE(extractorFormat, nullptr) << "AMediaFormat_new returned null AMediaformat";
+    AMediaFormat *trackFormat = AMediaFormat_new();
+    ASSERT_NE(trackFormat, nullptr) << "AMediaFormat_new returned null AMediaformat";
+
+    for (int32_t idx = 0; idx < numTracks; idx++) {
+        MediaTrackHelper *track = mExtractor->getTrack(idx);
+        ASSERT_NE(track, nullptr) << "Failed to get track for index " << idx;
+
+        CMediaTrack *cTrack = wrap(track);
+        ASSERT_NE(cTrack, nullptr) << "Failed to get track wrapper for index " << idx;
+
+        MediaBufferGroup *bufferGroup = new MediaBufferGroup();
+        status = cTrack->start(track, bufferGroup->wrap());
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to start the track";
+
+        status = mExtractor->getTrackMetaData(extractorFormat, idx, 1);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to get trackMetaData";
+
+        status = track->getFormat(trackFormat);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to get track meta data";
+
+        const char *extractorMime, *trackMime;
+        AMediaFormat_getString(extractorFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, &extractorMime);
+        AMediaFormat_getString(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, &trackMime);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(!strcmp(extractorMime, trackMime))
+                << "Extractor's format doesn't match track format";
+
+        if (!strncmp(extractorMime, "audio/", 6)) {
+            int32_t exSampleRate, exChannelCount;
+            int32_t trackSampleRate, trackChannelCount;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(extractorFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT,
+                                              &exChannelCount));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(extractorFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_SAMPLE_RATE,
+                                              &exSampleRate));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT,
+                                              &trackChannelCount));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_SAMPLE_RATE,
+                                              &trackSampleRate));
+            ASSERT_EQ(exChannelCount, trackChannelCount) << "ChannelCount not as expected";
+            ASSERT_EQ(exSampleRate, trackSampleRate) << "SampleRate not as expected";
+        } else {
+            int32_t exWidth, exHeight;
+            int32_t trackWidth, trackHeight;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(extractorFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_WIDTH, &exWidth));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(extractorFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_HEIGHT, &exHeight));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_WIDTH, &trackWidth));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(AMediaFormat_getInt32(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_HEIGHT, &trackHeight));
+            ASSERT_EQ(exWidth, trackWidth) << "Width not as expected";
+            ASSERT_EQ(exHeight, trackHeight) << "Height not as expected";
+        }
+        status = cTrack->stop(track);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status) << "Failed to stop the track";
+        delete bufferGroup;
+        delete track;
+    }
+    AMediaFormat_delete(trackFormat);
+    AMediaFormat_delete(extractorFormat);
+}
+
+TEST_P(ExtractorUnitTest, MultipleStartStopTest) {
+    if (mDisableTest) return;
+
+    ALOGV("Test %s extractor for multiple start and stop calls", GetParam().first.c_str());
+    string inputFileName = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam().second;
+
+    int32_t status = setDataSource(inputFileName);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "SetDataSource failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    status = createExtractor();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "Extractor creation failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    int32_t numTracks = mExtractor->countTracks();
+    ASSERT_GT(numTracks, 0) << "Extractor didn't find any track for the given clip";
+
+    // start/stop the tracks multiple times
+    for (int32_t count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        for (int32_t idx = 0; idx < numTracks; idx++) {
+            MediaTrackHelper *track = mExtractor->getTrack(idx);
+            ASSERT_NE(track, nullptr) << "Failed to get track for index " << idx;
+
+            CMediaTrack *cTrack = wrap(track);
+            ASSERT_NE(cTrack, nullptr) << "Failed to get track wrapper for index " << idx;
+
+            MediaBufferGroup *bufferGroup = new MediaBufferGroup();
+            status = cTrack->start(track, bufferGroup->wrap());
+            ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to start the track";
+            MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
+            status = track->read(&buffer);
+            if (buffer) {
+                ALOGV("buffer->data %p buffer->size() %zu buffer->range_length() %zu",
+                      buffer->data(), buffer->size(), buffer->range_length());
+                buffer->release();
+            }
+            status = cTrack->stop(track);
+            ASSERT_EQ(OK, status) << "Failed to stop the track";
+            delete bufferGroup;
+            delete track;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(ExtractorUnitTest, SeekTest) {
+    // Both Flac and Wav extractor can give samples from any pts and mark the given sample as
+    // sync frame. So, this seek test is not applicable to FLAC and WAV extractors
+    if (mDisableTest || mExtractorName == FLAC || mExtractorName == WAV) return;
+
+    ALOGV("Validates %s Extractor behaviour for different seek modes", GetParam().first.c_str());
+    string inputFileName = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam().second;
+
+    int32_t status = setDataSource(inputFileName);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "SetDataSource failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    status = createExtractor();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, 0) << "Extractor creation failed for" << GetParam().first << "extractor";
+
+    int32_t numTracks = mExtractor->countTracks();
+    ASSERT_GT(numTracks, 0) << "Extractor didn't find any track for the given clip";
+
+    uint32_t seekFlag = mExtractor->flags();
+    if (!(seekFlag & MediaExtractorPluginHelper::CAN_SEEK)) {
+        cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Skipped. " << GetParam().first
+             << " Extractor doesn't support seek\n";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    vector<int64_t> seekablePoints;
+    for (int32_t idx = 0; idx < numTracks; idx++) {
+        MediaTrackHelper *track = mExtractor->getTrack(idx);
+        ASSERT_NE(track, nullptr) << "Failed to get track for index " << idx;
+
+        CMediaTrack *cTrack = wrap(track);
+        ASSERT_NE(cTrack, nullptr) << "Failed to get track wrapper for index " << idx;
+
+        // Get all the seekable points of a given input
+        MediaBufferGroup *bufferGroup = new MediaBufferGroup();
+        status = cTrack->start(track, bufferGroup->wrap());
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to start the track";
+        getSeekablePoints(seekablePoints, track);
+        ASSERT_GT(seekablePoints.size(), 0)
+                << "Failed to get seekable points for " << GetParam().first << " extractor";
+
+        AMediaFormat *trackFormat = AMediaFormat_new();
+        ASSERT_NE(trackFormat, nullptr) << "AMediaFormat_new returned null format";
+        status = track->getFormat(trackFormat);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, (media_status_t)status) << "Failed to get track meta data";
+
+        bool isOpus = false;
+        const char *mime;
+        AMediaFormat_getString(trackFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, &mime);
+        if (!strcmp(mime, "audio/opus")) isOpus = true;
+        AMediaFormat_delete(trackFormat);
+
+        int32_t seekIdx = 0;
+        size_t seekablePointsSize = seekablePoints.size();
+        for (int32_t mode = CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_PREVIOUS_SYNC;
+             mode <= CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_CLOSEST; mode++) {
+            for (int32_t seekCount = 0; seekCount < kMaxCount; seekCount++) {
+                seekIdx = rand() % seekablePointsSize + 1;
+                if (seekIdx >= seekablePointsSize) seekIdx = seekablePointsSize - 1;
+
+                int64_t seekToTimeStamp = seekablePoints[seekIdx];
+                if (seekablePointsSize > 1) {
+                    int64_t prevTimeStamp = seekablePoints[seekIdx - 1];
+                    seekToTimeStamp = seekToTimeStamp - ((seekToTimeStamp - prevTimeStamp) >> 3);
+                }
+
+                // Opus has a seekPreRollUs. TimeStamp returned by the
+                // extractor is calculated based on (seekPts - seekPreRollUs).
+                // So we add the preRoll value to the timeStamp we want to seek to.
+                if (isOpus) {
+                    seekToTimeStamp += kOpusSeekPreRollUs;
+                }
+
+                MediaTrackHelper::ReadOptions *options = new MediaTrackHelper::ReadOptions(
+                        mode | CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK, seekToTimeStamp);
+                ASSERT_NE(options, nullptr) << "Cannot create read option";
+
+                MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
+                status = track->read(&buffer, options);
+                if (status == AMEDIA_ERROR_END_OF_STREAM) {
+                    delete options;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (buffer) {
+                    AMediaFormat *metaData = buffer->meta_data();
+                    int64_t timeStamp;
+                    AMediaFormat_getInt64(metaData, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_TIME_US, &timeStamp);
+                    buffer->release();
+
+                    // CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK is 8. Using mask 0111b to get true modes
+                    switch (mode & 0x7) {
+                        case CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_PREVIOUS_SYNC:
+                            if (seekablePointsSize == 1) {
+                                EXPECT_EQ(timeStamp, seekablePoints[seekIdx]);
+                            } else {
+                                EXPECT_EQ(timeStamp, seekablePoints[seekIdx - 1]);
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        case CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_NEXT_SYNC:
+                        case CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_CLOSEST_SYNC:
+                        case CMediaTrackReadOptions::SEEK_CLOSEST:
+                            EXPECT_EQ(timeStamp, seekablePoints[seekIdx]);
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+                delete options;
+            }
+        }
+        status = cTrack->stop(track);
+        ASSERT_EQ(OK, status) << "Failed to stop the track";
+        delete bufferGroup;
+        delete track;
+    }
+    seekablePoints.clear();
+}
+
+// TODO: (b/145332185)
+// Add MIDI inputs
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(ExtractorUnitTestAll, ExtractorUnitTest,
+                         ::testing::Values(make_pair("aac", "loudsoftaac.aac"),
+                                           make_pair("amr", "testamr.amr"),
+                                           make_pair("amr", "amrwb.wav"),
+                                           make_pair("ogg", "john_cage.ogg"),
+                                           make_pair("wav", "monotestgsm.wav"),
+                                           make_pair("mpeg2ts", "segment000001.ts"),
+                                           make_pair("flac", "sinesweepflac.flac"),
+                                           make_pair("ogg", "testopus.opus"),
+                                           make_pair("mkv", "sinesweepvorbis.mkv"),
+                                           make_pair("mpeg4", "sinesweepoggmp4.mp4"),
+                                           make_pair("mp3", "sinesweepmp3lame.mp3"),
+                                           make_pair("mkv", "swirl_144x136_vp9.webm"),
+                                           make_pair("mkv", "swirl_144x136_vp8.webm"),
+                                           make_pair("mpeg2ps", "swirl_144x136_mpeg2.mpg"),
+                                           make_pair("mpeg4", "swirl_132x130_mpeg4.mp4")));
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    gEnv = new ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment();
+    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
+    if (status == 0) {
+        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+        ALOGV("Test result = %d\n", status);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment.h b/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fce8fc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/extractors/tests/ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __EXTRACTOR_UNIT_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
+#define __EXTRACTOR_UNIT_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <getopt.h>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment : public ::testing::Environment {
+  public:
+    ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment() : res("/data/local/tmp/") {}
+
+    // Parses the command line arguments
+    int initFromOptions(int argc, char **argv);
+
+    void setRes(const char *_res) { res = _res; }
+
+    const string getRes() const { return res; }
+
+  private:
+    string res;
+};
+
+int ExtractorUnitTestEnvironment::initFromOptions(int argc, char **argv) {
+    static struct option options[] = {{"res", required_argument, 0, 'P'}, {0, 0, 0, 0}};
+
+    while (true) {
+        int index = 0;
+        int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "P:", options, &index);
+        if (c == -1) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        switch (c) {
+            case 'P':
+                setRes(optarg);
+                break;
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (optind < argc) {
+        fprintf(stderr,
+                "unrecognized option: %s\n\n"
+                "usage: %s <gtest options> <test options>\n\n"
+                "test options are:\n\n"
+                "-P, --path: Resource files directory location\n",
+                argv[optind ?: 1], argv[0]);
+        return 2;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif  // __EXTRACTOR_UNIT_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
diff --git a/media/extractors/tests/README.md b/media/extractors/tests/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e02d3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/extractors/tests/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+## Media Testing ##
+---
+#### Extractor :
+The Extractor Test Suite validates the extractors available in the device.
+
+Run the following steps to build the test suite:
+```
+m ExtractorUnitTest
+```
+
+The 32-bit binaries will be created in the following path : ${OUT}/data/nativetest/
+
+The 64-bit binaries will be created in the following path : ${OUT}/data/nativetest64/
+
+To test 64-bit binary push binaries from nativetest64.
+```
+adb push ${OUT}/data/nativetest64/ExtractorUnitTest/ExtractorUnitTest /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+To test 32-bit binary push binaries from nativetest.
+```
+adb push ${OUT}/data/nativetest/ExtractorUnitTest/ExtractorUnitTest /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+The resource file for the tests is taken from [here](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Z9nCIRB6pGLvb5mPkF8BURa5Nc6cY9pY). Push these files into device for testing.
+Download extractor folder and push all the files in this folder to /data/local/tmp/ on the device.
+```
+adb push extractor /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+usage: ExtractorUnitTest -P \<path_to_folder\>
+```
+adb shell /data/local/tmp/ExtractorUnitTest -P /data/local/tmp/extractor/
+```
diff --git a/media/libaaudio/src/core/AudioStream.cpp b/media/libaaudio/src/core/AudioStream.cpp
index 5303631..6a8db22 100644
--- a/media/libaaudio/src/core/AudioStream.cpp
+++ b/media/libaaudio/src/core/AudioStream.cpp
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@
 
 void AudioStream::MyPlayerBase::registerWithAudioManager() {
     if (!mRegistered) {
-        init(android::PLAYER_TYPE_AAUDIO, AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA);
+        init(android::PLAYER_TYPE_AAUDIO, AAudioConvert_usageToInternal(mParent->getUsage()));
         mRegistered = true;
     }
 }
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
index cf11936..28190ea 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
@@ -48,12 +48,13 @@
                 effect_callback_t cbf,
                 void* user,
                 audio_session_t sessionId,
-                audio_io_handle_t io
+                audio_io_handle_t io,
+                const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device
                 )
     : mStatus(NO_INIT), mOpPackageName(opPackageName)
 {
     AutoMutex lock(mConstructLock);
-    mStatus = set(type, uuid, priority, cbf, user, sessionId, io);
+    mStatus = set(type, uuid, priority, cbf, user, sessionId, io, device);
 }
 
 AudioEffect::AudioEffect(const char *typeStr,
@@ -63,7 +64,8 @@
                 effect_callback_t cbf,
                 void* user,
                 audio_session_t sessionId,
-                audio_io_handle_t io
+                audio_io_handle_t io,
+                const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device
                 )
     : mStatus(NO_INIT), mOpPackageName(opPackageName)
 {
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@
     }
 
     AutoMutex lock(mConstructLock);
-    mStatus = set(pType, pUuid, priority, cbf, user, sessionId, io);
+    mStatus = set(pType, pUuid, priority, cbf, user, sessionId, io, device);
 }
 
 status_t AudioEffect::set(const effect_uuid_t *type,
@@ -96,7 +98,8 @@
                 effect_callback_t cbf,
                 void* user,
                 audio_session_t sessionId,
-                audio_io_handle_t io)
+                audio_io_handle_t io,
+                const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device)
 {
     sp<IEffect> iEffect;
     sp<IMemory> cblk;
@@ -109,6 +112,10 @@
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
+    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE && io != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+        ALOGW("IO handle should not be specified for device effect");
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
     const sp<IAudioFlinger>& audioFlinger = AudioSystem::get_audio_flinger();
     if (audioFlinger == 0) {
         ALOGE("set(): Could not get audioflinger");
@@ -133,7 +140,7 @@
     mClientPid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
 
     iEffect = audioFlinger->createEffect((effect_descriptor_t *)&mDescriptor,
-            mIEffectClient, priority, io, mSessionId, mOpPackageName, mClientPid,
+            mIEffectClient, priority, io, mSessionId, device, mOpPackageName, mClientPid,
             &mStatus, &mId, &enabled);
 
     if (iEffect == 0 || (mStatus != NO_ERROR && mStatus != ALREADY_EXISTS)) {
@@ -167,7 +174,7 @@
     ALOGV("set() %p OK effect: %s id: %d status %d enabled %d pid %d", this, mDescriptor.name, mId,
             mStatus, mEnabled, mClientPid);
 
-    if (mSessionId > AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+    if (!audio_is_global_session(mSessionId)) {
         AudioSystem::acquireAudioSessionId(mSessionId, mClientPid);
     }
 
@@ -180,7 +187,7 @@
     ALOGV("Destructor %p", this);
 
     if (mStatus == NO_ERROR || mStatus == ALREADY_EXISTS) {
-        if (mSessionId > AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+        if (!audio_is_global_session(mSessionId)) {
             AudioSystem::releaseAudioSessionId(mSessionId, mClientPid);
         }
         if (mIEffect != NULL) {
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
index 90783eb..3f8b52b 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -658,6 +658,7 @@
                                     int32_t priority,
                                     audio_io_handle_t output,
                                     audio_session_t sessionId,
+                                    const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
                                     const String16& opPackageName,
                                     pid_t pid,
                                     status_t *status,
@@ -666,12 +667,11 @@
     {
         Parcel data, reply;
         sp<IEffect> effect;
-
         if (pDesc == NULL) {
             if (status != NULL) {
                 *status = BAD_VALUE;
             }
-            return effect;
+            return nullptr;
         }
 
         data.writeInterfaceToken(IAudioFlinger::getInterfaceDescriptor());
@@ -680,6 +680,12 @@
         data.writeInt32(priority);
         data.writeInt32((int32_t) output);
         data.writeInt32(sessionId);
+        if (data.writeParcelable(device) != NO_ERROR) {
+            if (status != NULL) {
+                *status = NO_INIT;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        }
         data.writeString16(opPackageName);
         data.writeInt32((int32_t) pid);
 
@@ -1378,14 +1384,18 @@
             int32_t priority = data.readInt32();
             audio_io_handle_t output = (audio_io_handle_t) data.readInt32();
             audio_session_t sessionId = (audio_session_t) data.readInt32();
+            AudioDeviceTypeAddr device;
+            status_t status = NO_ERROR;
+            if ((status = data.readParcelable(&device)) != NO_ERROR) {
+                return status;
+            }
             const String16 opPackageName = data.readString16();
             pid_t pid = (pid_t)data.readInt32();
 
-            status_t status = NO_ERROR;
             int id = 0;
             int enabled = 0;
 
-            sp<IEffect> effect = createEffect(&desc, client, priority, output, sessionId,
+            sp<IEffect> effect = createEffect(&desc, client, priority, output, sessionId, device,
                     opPackageName, pid, &status, &id, &enabled);
             reply->writeInt32(status);
             reply->writeInt32(id);
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioEffect.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioEffect.h
index 6bd4137..f17d737 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioEffect.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioEffect.h
@@ -362,17 +362,21 @@
      *      (AudioTrack or MediaPLayer) within the same audio session.
      * io:  HAL audio output or input stream to which this effect must be attached. Leave at 0 for
      *      automatic output selection by AudioFlinger.
+     * device: An audio device descriptor. Only used when "sessionID" is AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE.
+     *         Specifies the audio device type and address the effect must be attached to.
+     *         If "sessionID" is AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE then "io" must be AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE.
      */
 
     AudioEffect(const effect_uuid_t *type,
                 const String16& opPackageName,
                 const effect_uuid_t *uuid = NULL,
-                  int32_t priority = 0,
-                  effect_callback_t cbf = NULL,
-                  void* user = NULL,
-                  audio_session_t sessionId = AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
-                  audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE
-                  );
+                int32_t priority = 0,
+                effect_callback_t cbf = NULL,
+                void* user = NULL,
+                audio_session_t sessionId = AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
+                audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE,
+                const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device = {}
+                );
 
     /* Constructor.
      *      Same as above but with type and uuid specified by character strings
@@ -384,7 +388,8 @@
                     effect_callback_t cbf = NULL,
                     void* user = NULL,
                     audio_session_t sessionId = AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
-                    audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE
+                    audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE,
+                    const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device = {}
                     );
 
     /* Terminates the AudioEffect and unregisters it from AudioFlinger.
@@ -406,7 +411,8 @@
                             effect_callback_t cbf = NULL,
                             void* user = NULL,
                             audio_session_t sessionId = AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
-                            audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE
+                            audio_io_handle_t io = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE,
+                            const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device = {}
                             );
 
     /* Result of constructing the AudioEffect. This must be checked
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
index 8e8a1f5..1c35ff0 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
@@ -453,6 +453,7 @@
                                     // AudioFlinger doesn't take over handle reference from client
                                     audio_io_handle_t output,
                                     audio_session_t sessionId,
+                                    const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
                                     const String16& callingPackage,
                                     pid_t pid,
                                     status_t *status,
diff --git a/media/libaudiofoundation/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.cpp b/media/libaudiofoundation/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.cpp
index d390467..b44043a 100644
--- a/media/libaudiofoundation/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiofoundation/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,16 @@
     return mType == other.mType && mAddress == other.mAddress;
 }
 
+bool AudioDeviceTypeAddr::operator<(const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& other) const {
+    if (mType < other.mType)  return true;
+    if (mType > other.mType)  return false;
+
+    if (mAddress < other.mAddress)  return true;
+    // if (mAddress > other.mAddress)  return false;
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 void AudioDeviceTypeAddr::reset() {
     mType = AUDIO_DEVICE_NONE;
     mAddress = "";
diff --git a/media/libaudiofoundation/include/media/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.h b/media/libaudiofoundation/include/media/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.h
index acc37ca..60ea78e 100644
--- a/media/libaudiofoundation/include/media/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.h
+++ b/media/libaudiofoundation/include/media/AudioDeviceTypeAddr.h
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@
 
     AudioDeviceTypeAddr& operator= (const AudioDeviceTypeAddr&) = default;
 
+    bool operator<(const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& other) const;
+
     void reset();
 
     status_t readFromParcel(const Parcel *parcel) override;
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.cpp
index 42c16c0..f529cd1 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
 #include "DeviceHalHidl.h"
+#include "EffectHalHidl.h"
 #include "HidlUtils.h"
 #include "StreamHalHidl.h"
 #include "VersionUtils.h"
@@ -43,6 +44,8 @@
 using namespace ::android::hardware::audio::common::CPP_VERSION;
 using namespace ::android::hardware::audio::CPP_VERSION;
 
+using EffectHalHidl = ::android::effect::CPP_VERSION::EffectHalHidl;
+
 namespace {
 
 status_t deviceAddressFromHal(
@@ -385,6 +388,36 @@
 }
 #endif
 
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+status_t DeviceHalHidl::addDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    if (mDevice == 0) return NO_INIT;
+    return processReturn("addDeviceEffect", mDevice->addDeviceEffect(
+            static_cast<AudioPortHandle>(device),
+            static_cast<EffectHalHidl*>(effect.get())->effectId()));
+}
+#else
+status_t DeviceHalHidl::addDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device __unused, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) {
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+status_t DeviceHalHidl::removeDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    if (mDevice == 0) return NO_INIT;
+    return processReturn("removeDeviceEffect", mDevice->removeDeviceEffect(
+            static_cast<AudioPortHandle>(device),
+            static_cast<EffectHalHidl*>(effect.get())->effectId()));
+}
+#else
+status_t DeviceHalHidl::removeDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device __unused, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) {
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+}
+#endif
+
 status_t DeviceHalHidl::dump(int fd) {
     if (mDevice == 0) return NO_INIT;
     native_handle_t* hidlHandle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.h b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.h
index f7d465f..d342d4a 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalHidl.h
@@ -113,6 +113,9 @@
     // List microphones
     virtual status_t getMicrophones(std::vector<media::MicrophoneInfo> *microphones);
 
+    status_t addDeviceEffect(audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+    status_t removeDeviceEffect(audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+
     virtual status_t dump(int fd);
 
   private:
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.cpp
index dfbb6b2..8021d92 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.cpp
@@ -206,6 +206,17 @@
 }
 #endif
 
+// Local HAL implementation does not support effects
+status_t DeviceHalLocal::addDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device __unused, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) {
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+}
+
+status_t DeviceHalLocal::removeDeviceEffect(
+        audio_port_handle_t device __unused, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) {
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+}
+
 status_t DeviceHalLocal::dump(int fd) {
     return mDev->dump(mDev, fd);
 }
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.h b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.h
index 36db72e..d85e2a7 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/DeviceHalLocal.h
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@
     // List microphones
     virtual status_t getMicrophones(std::vector<media::MicrophoneInfo> *microphones);
 
+    status_t addDeviceEffect(audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+    status_t removeDeviceEffect(audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+
     virtual status_t dump(int fd);
 
     void closeOutputStream(struct audio_stream_out *stream_out);
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
index ba7b195..867b72d 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
@@ -105,12 +105,26 @@
 
 status_t EffectsFactoryHalHidl::createEffect(
         const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId,
-        sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) {
+        int32_t deviceId __unused, sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) {
     if (mEffectsFactory == 0) return NO_INIT;
     Uuid hidlUuid;
     HidlUtils::uuidFromHal(*pEffectUuid, &hidlUuid);
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
-    Return<void> ret = mEffectsFactory->createEffect(
+    Return<void> ret;
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    ret = mEffectsFactory->createEffect(
+            hidlUuid, sessionId, ioId, deviceId,
+            [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t effectId) {
+                retval = r;
+                if (retval == Result::OK) {
+                    *effect = new EffectHalHidl(result, effectId);
+                }
+            });
+#else
+    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE && ioId == AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+    ret = mEffectsFactory->createEffect(
             hidlUuid, sessionId, ioId,
             [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t effectId) {
                 retval = r;
@@ -118,6 +132,7 @@
                     *effect = new EffectHalHidl(result, effectId);
                 }
             });
+#endif
     if (ret.isOk()) {
         if (retval == Result::OK) return OK;
         else if (retval == Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS) return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
index 2828513..dece1bb 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
     // To release the effect engine, it is necessary to release references
     // to the returned effect object.
     virtual status_t createEffect(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
-            int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId,
+            int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId, int32_t deviceId,
             sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect);
 
     virtual status_t dumpEffects(int fd);
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/DeviceHalInterface.h b/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/DeviceHalInterface.h
index 2200a7f..1e04b21 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/DeviceHalInterface.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/DeviceHalInterface.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_DEVICE_HAL_INTERFACE_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_DEVICE_HAL_INTERFACE_H
 
+#include <media/audiohal/EffectHalInterface.h>
 #include <media/MicrophoneInfo.h>
 #include <system/audio.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
@@ -111,6 +112,11 @@
     // List microphones
     virtual status_t getMicrophones(std::vector<media::MicrophoneInfo> *microphones) = 0;
 
+    virtual status_t addDeviceEffect(
+            audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) = 0;
+    virtual status_t removeDeviceEffect(
+            audio_port_handle_t device, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) = 0;
+
     virtual status_t dump(int fd) = 0;
 
   protected:
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h b/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h
index 316a46c..3a76f9f 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     // To release the effect engine, it is necessary to release references
     // to the returned effect object.
     virtual status_t createEffect(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
-            int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId,
+            int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId, int32_t deviceId,
             sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) = 0;
 
     virtual status_t dumpEffects(int fd) = 0;
diff --git a/media/libaudioprocessing/BufferProviders.cpp b/media/libaudioprocessing/BufferProviders.cpp
index 21d25e1..6d31c12 100644
--- a/media/libaudioprocessing/BufferProviders.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioprocessing/BufferProviders.cpp
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@
     if (mEffectsFactory->createEffect(&sDwnmFxDesc.uuid,
                                       sessionId,
                                       SESSION_ID_INVALID_AND_IGNORED,
+                                      AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE,
                                       &mDownmixInterface) != 0) {
          ALOGE("DownmixerBufferProvider() error creating downmixer effect");
          mDownmixInterface.clear();
diff --git a/media/libeffects/config/src/EffectsConfig.cpp b/media/libeffects/config/src/EffectsConfig.cpp
index f39eb0c..218249d 100644
--- a/media/libeffects/config/src/EffectsConfig.cpp
+++ b/media/libeffects/config/src/EffectsConfig.cpp
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@
         {AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE, "enforced_audible"},
         {AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF, "dtmf"},
         {AUDIO_STREAM_TTS, "tts"},
+        {AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT, "assistant"},
 };
 
 /** All input stream types which support effects.
diff --git a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.c b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.c
index c1ce513..dcdf634 100644
--- a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.c
+++ b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.c
@@ -254,7 +254,8 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-int EffectCreate(const effect_uuid_t *uuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId, effect_handle_t *pHandle)
+int doEffectCreate(const effect_uuid_t *uuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId, int32_t deviceId,
+        effect_handle_t *pHandle)
 {
     list_elem_t *e = gLibraryList;
     lib_entry_t *l = NULL;
@@ -268,9 +269,9 @@
     }
 
     ALOGV("EffectCreate() UUID: %08X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X\n",
-            uuid->timeLow, uuid->timeMid, uuid->timeHiAndVersion,
-            uuid->clockSeq, uuid->node[0], uuid->node[1],uuid->node[2],
-            uuid->node[3],uuid->node[4],uuid->node[5]);
+          uuid->timeLow, uuid->timeMid, uuid->timeHiAndVersion,
+          uuid->clockSeq, uuid->node[0], uuid->node[1], uuid->node[2],
+          uuid->node[3], uuid->node[4], uuid->node[5]);
 
     ret = init();
 
@@ -282,17 +283,29 @@
     pthread_mutex_lock(&gLibLock);
 
     ret = findEffect(NULL, uuid, &l, &d);
-    if (ret < 0){
+    if (ret < 0) {
         // Sub effects are not associated with the library->effects,
         // so, findEffect will fail. Search for the effect in gSubEffectList.
         ret = findSubEffect(uuid, &l, &d);
-        if (ret < 0 ) {
+        if (ret < 0) {
             goto exit;
         }
     }
 
     // create effect in library
-    ret = l->desc->create_effect(uuid, sessionId, ioId, &itfe);
+    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+        if (l->desc->version >= EFFECT_LIBRARY_API_VERSION_3_1) {
+            ALOGI("EffectCreate() create_effect_3_1");
+            ret = l->desc->create_effect_3_1(uuid, sessionId, ioId, deviceId, &itfe);
+        } else {
+            ALOGE("EffectCreate() cannot create device effect on library with API version < 3.1");
+            ret = -ENOSYS;
+        }
+    } else {
+        ALOGI("EffectCreate() create_effect");
+        ret = l->desc->create_effect(uuid, sessionId, ioId, &itfe);
+    }
+
     if (ret != 0) {
         ALOGW("EffectCreate() library %s: could not create fx %s, error %d", l->name, d->name, ret);
         goto exit;
@@ -324,6 +337,16 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+int EffectCreate(const effect_uuid_t *uuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t ioId,
+        effect_handle_t *pHandle) {
+    return doEffectCreate(uuid, sessionId, ioId, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, pHandle);
+}
+
+int EffectCreateOnDevice(const effect_uuid_t *uuid, int32_t deviceId, int32_t ioId,
+        effect_handle_t *pHandle) {
+    return doEffectCreate(uuid, AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE, ioId, deviceId, pHandle);
+}
+
 int EffectRelease(effect_handle_t handle)
 {
     effect_entry_t *fx;
diff --git a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.h b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.h
index 29dbc9c..1936343 100644
--- a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.h
+++ b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsFactory.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#define EFFECT_LIBRARY_API_VERSION_CURRENT EFFECT_LIBRARY_API_VERSION_3_1
+
 #define PROPERTY_IGNORE_EFFECTS "ro.audio.ignore_effects"
 
 typedef struct list_elem_s {
diff --git a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsXmlConfigLoader.cpp b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsXmlConfigLoader.cpp
index 052a88b..505be7c 100644
--- a/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsXmlConfigLoader.cpp
+++ b/media/libeffects/factory/EffectsXmlConfigLoader.cpp
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
     }
 
     uint32_t majorVersion = EFFECT_API_VERSION_MAJOR(description->version);
-    uint32_t expectedMajorVersion = EFFECT_API_VERSION_MAJOR(EFFECT_LIBRARY_API_VERSION);
+    uint32_t expectedMajorVersion = EFFECT_API_VERSION_MAJOR(EFFECT_LIBRARY_API_VERSION_CURRENT);
     if (majorVersion != expectedMajorVersion) {
         ALOGE("Unsupported major version %#08x, expected %#08x for library %s",
               majorVersion, expectedMajorVersion, path);
diff --git a/media/libeffects/factory/include/media/EffectsFactoryApi.h b/media/libeffects/factory/include/media/EffectsFactoryApi.h
index a5a12eb..8f7239e 100644
--- a/media/libeffects/factory/include/media/EffectsFactoryApi.h
+++ b/media/libeffects/factory/include/media/EffectsFactoryApi.h
@@ -119,6 +119,36 @@
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
+//    Function:       EffectCreateOnDevice
+//
+//    Description:    Same as EffectCreate but uesed when creating an effect attached to a
+//                 particular audio device instance
+//
+//    Input:
+//          pEffectUuid:    pointer to the effect uuid.
+//          deviceId:  identifies the sink or source device this effect is directed to in
+//              audio HAL. Must be specified if sessionId is AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE.
+//              deviceId is the audio_port_handle_t used for the device when the audio
+//              patch is created at the audio HAL.//
+//          ioId:   identifies the output or input stream this effect is directed to at audio HAL.
+//              For future use especially with tunneled HW accelerated effects
+//    Input/Output:
+//          pHandle:        address where to return the effect handle.
+//
+//    Output:
+//        returned value:    0          successful operation.
+//                          -ENODEV     factory failed to initialize
+//                          -EINVAL     invalid pEffectUuid or pHandle
+//                          -ENOENT     no effect with this uuid found
+//        *pHandle:         updated with the effect handle.
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ANDROID_API
+int EffectCreateOnDevice(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid, int32_t deviceId, int32_t ioId,
+        effect_handle_t *pHandle);
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
 //    Function:       EffectRelease
 //
 //    Description:    Releases the effect engine whose handle is given as argument.
diff --git a/media/libmediahelper/TypeConverter.cpp b/media/libmediahelper/TypeConverter.cpp
index 5be78d1..f862018 100644
--- a/media/libmediahelper/TypeConverter.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediahelper/TypeConverter.cpp
@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_TTS),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY),
+    MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH),
     TERMINATOR
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
index 3388097..c1c4b55 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
@@ -1798,7 +1798,9 @@
 }
 
 void NuPlayer::closeAudioSink() {
-    mRenderer->closeAudioSink();
+    if (mRenderer != NULL) {
+        mRenderer->closeAudioSink();
+    }
 }
 
 void NuPlayer::restartAudio(
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Android.bp b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff8b12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "Mp3DecoderTest",
+    gtest: true,
+
+    srcs: [
+        "mp3reader.cpp",
+        "Mp3DecoderTest.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "libstagefright_mp3dec",
+        "libsndfile",
+        "libaudioutils",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wall",
+    ],
+
+    sanitize: {
+        cfi: true,
+        misc_undefined: [
+            "unsigned-integer-overflow",
+            "signed-integer-overflow",
+        ],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTest.cpp b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99553ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+#define LOG_TAG "Mp3DecoderTest"
+
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <audio_utils/sndfile.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "mp3reader.h"
+#include "pvmp3decoder_api.h"
+
+#include "Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment.h"
+
+#define OUTPUT_FILE "/data/local/tmp/mp3Decode.out"
+
+constexpr int32_t kInputBufferSize = 1024 * 10;
+constexpr int32_t kOutputBufferSize = 4608 * 2;
+constexpr int32_t kMaxCount = 10;
+constexpr int32_t kNumFrameReset = 150;
+
+static Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment *gEnv = nullptr;
+
+class Mp3DecoderTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<string> {
+  public:
+    Mp3DecoderTest() : mConfig(nullptr) {}
+
+    ~Mp3DecoderTest() {
+        if (mConfig) {
+            delete mConfig;
+            mConfig = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mConfig = new tPVMP3DecoderExternal{};
+        ASSERT_NE(mConfig, nullptr) << "Failed to initialize config. No Memory available";
+        mConfig->equalizerType = flat;
+        mConfig->crcEnabled = false;
+    }
+
+    tPVMP3DecoderExternal *mConfig;
+    Mp3Reader mMp3Reader;
+
+    ERROR_CODE DecodeFrames(void *decoderbuf, SNDFILE *outFileHandle, SF_INFO sfInfo,
+                            int32_t frameCount = INT32_MAX);
+    SNDFILE *openOutputFile(SF_INFO *sfInfo);
+};
+
+ERROR_CODE Mp3DecoderTest::DecodeFrames(void *decoderBuf, SNDFILE *outFileHandle, SF_INFO sfInfo,
+                                        int32_t frameCount) {
+    uint8_t inputBuf[kInputBufferSize];
+    int16_t outputBuf[kOutputBufferSize];
+    uint32_t bytesRead;
+    ERROR_CODE decoderErr;
+    while (frameCount > 0) {
+        bool success = mMp3Reader.getFrame(inputBuf, &bytesRead);
+        if (!success) {
+            break;
+        }
+        mConfig->inputBufferCurrentLength = bytesRead;
+        mConfig->inputBufferMaxLength = 0;
+        mConfig->inputBufferUsedLength = 0;
+        mConfig->pInputBuffer = inputBuf;
+        mConfig->pOutputBuffer = outputBuf;
+        mConfig->outputFrameSize = kOutputBufferSize / sizeof(int16_t);
+        decoderErr = pvmp3_framedecoder(mConfig, decoderBuf);
+        if (decoderErr != NO_DECODING_ERROR) break;
+        sf_writef_short(outFileHandle, outputBuf, mConfig->outputFrameSize / sfInfo.channels);
+        frameCount--;
+    }
+    return decoderErr;
+}
+
+SNDFILE *Mp3DecoderTest::openOutputFile(SF_INFO *sfInfo) {
+    memset(sfInfo, 0, sizeof(SF_INFO));
+    sfInfo->channels = mMp3Reader.getNumChannels();
+    sfInfo->format = SF_FORMAT_WAV | SF_FORMAT_PCM_16;
+    sfInfo->samplerate = mMp3Reader.getSampleRate();
+    SNDFILE *outFileHandle = sf_open(OUTPUT_FILE, SFM_WRITE, sfInfo);
+    return outFileHandle;
+}
+
+TEST_F(Mp3DecoderTest, MultiCreateMp3DecoderTest) {
+    size_t memRequirements = pvmp3_decoderMemRequirements();
+    ASSERT_NE(memRequirements, 0) << "Failed to get the memory requirement size";
+    void *decoderBuf = malloc(memRequirements);
+    ASSERT_NE(decoderBuf, nullptr)
+            << "Failed to allocate decoder memory of size " << memRequirements;
+    for (int count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        pvmp3_InitDecoder(mConfig, decoderBuf);
+        ALOGV("Decoder created successfully");
+    }
+    if (decoderBuf) {
+        free(decoderBuf);
+        decoderBuf = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(Mp3DecoderTest, DecodeTest) {
+    size_t memRequirements = pvmp3_decoderMemRequirements();
+    ASSERT_NE(memRequirements, 0) << "Failed to get the memory requirement size";
+    void *decoderBuf = malloc(memRequirements);
+    ASSERT_NE(decoderBuf, nullptr)
+            << "Failed to allocate decoder memory of size " << memRequirements;
+
+    pvmp3_InitDecoder(mConfig, decoderBuf);
+    ALOGV("Decoder created successfully");
+    string inputFile = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam();
+    bool status = mMp3Reader.init(inputFile.c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status) << "Unable to initialize the mp3Reader";
+
+    // Open the output file.
+    SF_INFO sfInfo;
+    SNDFILE *outFileHandle = openOutputFile(&sfInfo);
+    ASSERT_NE(outFileHandle, nullptr) << "Error opening output file for writing decoded output";
+
+    ERROR_CODE decoderErr = DecodeFrames(decoderBuf, outFileHandle, sfInfo);
+    ASSERT_EQ(decoderErr, NO_DECODING_ERROR) << "Failed to decode the frames";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.channels, mConfig->num_channels) << "Number of channels does not match";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.samplerate, mConfig->samplingRate) << "Sample rate does not match";
+
+    mMp3Reader.close();
+    sf_close(outFileHandle);
+    if (decoderBuf) {
+        free(decoderBuf);
+        decoderBuf = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(Mp3DecoderTest, ResetDecoderTest) {
+    size_t memRequirements = pvmp3_decoderMemRequirements();
+    ASSERT_NE(memRequirements, 0) << "Failed to get the memory requirement size";
+    void *decoderBuf = malloc(memRequirements);
+    ASSERT_NE(decoderBuf, nullptr)
+            << "Failed to allocate decoder memory of size " << memRequirements;
+
+    pvmp3_InitDecoder(mConfig, decoderBuf);
+    ALOGV("Decoder created successfully.");
+    string inputFile = gEnv->getRes() + GetParam();
+    bool status = mMp3Reader.init(inputFile.c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status) << "Unable to initialize the mp3Reader";
+
+    // Open the output file.
+    SF_INFO sfInfo;
+    SNDFILE *outFileHandle = openOutputFile(&sfInfo);
+    ASSERT_NE(outFileHandle, nullptr) << "Error opening output file for writing decoded output";
+
+    ERROR_CODE decoderErr;
+    decoderErr = DecodeFrames(decoderBuf, outFileHandle, sfInfo, kNumFrameReset);
+    ASSERT_EQ(decoderErr, NO_DECODING_ERROR) << "Failed to decode the frames";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.channels, mConfig->num_channels) << "Number of channels does not match";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.samplerate, mConfig->samplingRate) << "Sample rate does not match";
+
+    pvmp3_resetDecoder(decoderBuf);
+    // Decode the same file.
+    decoderErr = DecodeFrames(decoderBuf, outFileHandle, sfInfo);
+    ASSERT_EQ(decoderErr, NO_DECODING_ERROR) << "Failed to decode the frames";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.channels, mConfig->num_channels) << "Number of channels does not match";
+    ASSERT_EQ(sfInfo.samplerate, mConfig->samplingRate) << "Sample rate does not match";
+
+    mMp3Reader.close();
+    sf_close(outFileHandle);
+    if (decoderBuf) {
+        free(decoderBuf);
+        decoderBuf = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Mp3DecoderTestAll, Mp3DecoderTest,
+                         ::testing::Values(("bbb_44100hz_2ch_128kbps_mp3_30sec.mp3"),
+                                           ("bbb_44100hz_2ch_128kbps_mp3_5mins.mp3"),
+                                           ("bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.mp3")));
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    gEnv = new Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment();
+    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
+    if (status == 0) {
+        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+        ALOGV("Test result = %d\n", status);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment.h b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a54b34c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __MP3DECODER_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
+#define __MP3DECODER_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <getopt.h>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment : public ::testing::Environment {
+  public:
+    Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment() : res("/data/local/tmp/") {}
+
+    // Parses the command line arguments
+    int initFromOptions(int argc, char **argv);
+
+    void setRes(const char *_res) { res = _res; }
+
+    const string getRes() const { return res; }
+
+  private:
+    string res;
+};
+
+int Mp3DecoderTestEnvironment::initFromOptions(int argc, char **argv) {
+    static struct option options[] = {{"res", required_argument, 0, 'P'}, {0, 0, 0, 0}};
+
+    while (true) {
+        int index = 0;
+        int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "P:", options, &index);
+        if (c == -1) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        switch (c) {
+            case 'P':
+                setRes(optarg);
+                break;
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (optind < argc) {
+        fprintf(stderr,
+                "unrecognized option: %s\n\n"
+                "usage: %s <gtest options> <test options>\n\n"
+                "test options are:\n\n"
+                "-P, --path: Resource files directory location\n",
+                argv[optind ?: 1], argv[0]);
+        return 2;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif  // __MP3DECODER_TEST_ENVIRONMENT_H__
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/README.md b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..019239e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/mp3dec/test/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+## Media Testing ##
+---
+#### Mp3Decoder :
+The Mp3Decoder Test Suite validates the mp3decoder available in libstagefright.
+
+Run the following steps to build the test suite:
+```
+m Mp3DecoderTest
+```
+
+The 32-bit binaries will be created in the following path : ${OUT}/data/nativetest/
+
+The 64-bit binaries will be created in the following path : ${OUT}/data/nativetest64/
+
+To test 64-bit binary push binaries from nativetest64.
+```
+adb push ${OUT}/data/nativetest64/Mp3DecoderTest/Mp3DecoderTest /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+To test 32-bit binary push binaries from nativetest.
+```
+adb push ${OUT}/data/nativetest/Mp3DecoderTest/Mp3DecoderTest /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+The resource file for the tests is taken from [here](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/13cM4tAaVFrmr-zGFqaAzFBbKs75pnm9b). Push these files into device for testing.
+Download mp3 folder and push all the files in this folder to /data/local/tmp/ on the device.
+```
+adb push mp3/. /data/local/tmp/
+```
+
+usage: Mp3DecoderTest -P \<path_to_folder\>
+```
+adb shell /data/local/tmp/Mp3DecoderTest -P /data/local/tmp/
+```
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/mpeg2ts/Android.bp b/media/libstagefright/mpeg2ts/Android.bp
index a507b91..cab841c 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/mpeg2ts/Android.bp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/mpeg2ts/Android.bp
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 
     shared_libs: [
         "libcrypto",
-        "libmedia",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "android.hardware.cas.native@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
@@ -37,6 +36,8 @@
     ],
 
     header_libs: [
+        "libmedia_headers",
+        "libaudioclient_headers",
         "media_ndk_headers",
     ],
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/README.md b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/README.md
index 52db6f0..ae07917 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/README.md
+++ b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/README.md
@@ -19,12 +19,13 @@
 
 adb push ${OUT}/data/nativetest/writerTest/writerTest /data/local/tmp/
 
-The resource file for the tests is taken from Codec2 VTS resource folder. Push these files into device for testing.
+The resource file for the tests is taken from [here](https://storage.googleapis.com/android_media/frameworks/av/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/writerTestRes.zip).
+Download and extract the folder. Push all the files in this folder to /data/local/tmp/ on the device.
 ```
-adb push  $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/frameworks/av/media/codec2/hidl/1.0/vts/functional/res /sdcard/
+adb push writerTestRes /data/local/tmp/
 ```
 
 usage: writerTest -P \<path_to_res_folder\>
 ```
-adb shell /data/local/tmp/writerTest -P /sdcard/res/
+adb shell /data/local/tmp/writerTest -P /data/local/tmp/
 ```
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTest.cpp b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTest.cpp
index d68438c..409f141 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTest.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTest.cpp
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
 
 #include <media/stagefright/AACWriter.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/AMRWriter.h>
-#include <media/stagefright/OggWriter.h>
-#include <media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/MPEG2TSWriter.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/OggWriter.h>
 #include <webm/WebmWriter.h>
 
 #include "WriterTestEnvironment.h"
@@ -89,19 +89,36 @@
 
 class WriterTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<pair<string, int32_t>> {
   public:
+    WriterTest() : mWriter(nullptr), mFileMeta(nullptr), mCurrentTrack(nullptr) {}
+
+    ~WriterTest() {
+        if (mWriter) {
+            mWriter.clear();
+            mWriter = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (mFileMeta) {
+            mFileMeta.clear();
+            mFileMeta = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (mCurrentTrack) {
+            mCurrentTrack.clear();
+            mCurrentTrack = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         mNumCsds = 0;
         mInputFrameId = 0;
         mWriterName = unknown_comp;
         mDisableTest = false;
 
-        std::map<std::string, standardWriters> mapWriter = {
+        static const std::map<std::string, standardWriters> mapWriter = {
                 {"ogg", OGG},     {"aac", AAC},      {"aac_adts", AAC_ADTS}, {"webm", WEBM},
                 {"mpeg4", MPEG4}, {"amrnb", AMR_NB}, {"amrwb", AMR_WB},      {"mpeg2Ts", MPEG2TS}};
         // Find the component type
         string writerFormat = GetParam().first;
         if (mapWriter.find(writerFormat) != mapWriter.end()) {
-            mWriterName = mapWriter[writerFormat];
+            mWriterName = mapWriter.at(writerFormat);
         }
         if (mWriterName == standardWriters::unknown_comp) {
             cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Skipped. No specific writer mentioned\n";
@@ -110,10 +127,8 @@
     }
 
     virtual void TearDown() override {
-        mWriter.clear();
-        mFileMeta.clear();
         mBufferInfo.clear();
-        if (mInputStream) mInputStream.close();
+        if (mInputStream.is_open()) mInputStream.close();
     }
 
     void getInputBufferInfo(string inputFileName, string inputInfo);
@@ -149,7 +164,7 @@
 void WriterTest::getInputBufferInfo(string inputFileName, string inputInfo) {
     std::ifstream eleInfo;
     eleInfo.open(inputInfo.c_str());
-    CHECK_EQ(eleInfo.is_open(), true);
+    ASSERT_EQ(eleInfo.is_open(), true);
     int32_t bytesCount = 0;
     uint32_t flags = 0;
     int64_t timestamp = 0;
@@ -162,7 +177,7 @@
     }
     eleInfo.close();
     mInputStream.open(inputFileName.c_str(), std::ifstream::binary);
-    CHECK_EQ(mInputStream.is_open(), true);
+    ASSERT_EQ(mInputStream.is_open(), true);
 }
 
 int32_t WriterTest::createWriter(int32_t fd) {
@@ -258,14 +273,11 @@
     string outputFile = OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
     int32_t fd =
             open(outputFile.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_LARGEFILE | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
-    if (fd < 0) return;
+    ASSERT_GE(fd, 0) << "Failed to open output file to dump writer's data";
 
     // Creating writer within a test scope. Destructor should be called when the test ends
-    int32_t status = createWriter(fd);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << GetParam().first << "\n";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, createWriter(fd))
+            << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << GetParam().first;
 }
 
 TEST_P(WriterTest, WriterTest) {
@@ -276,38 +288,32 @@
     string outputFile = OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
     int32_t fd =
             open(outputFile.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_LARGEFILE | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
-    if (fd < 0) return;
+    ASSERT_GE(fd, 0) << "Failed to open output file to dump writer's data";
+
     int32_t status = createWriter(fd);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << writerFormat << "\n";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << writerFormat;
+
     string inputFile = gEnv->getRes();
     string inputInfo = gEnv->getRes();
     configFormat param;
     bool isAudio;
     int32_t inputFileIdx = GetParam().second;
     getFileDetails(inputFile, inputInfo, param, isAudio, inputFileIdx);
-    if (!inputFile.compare(gEnv->getRes())) {
-        ALOGV("No input file specified");
-        return;
-    }
+    ASSERT_NE(inputFile.compare(gEnv->getRes()), 0) << "No input file specified";
+
     getInputBufferInfo(inputFile, inputInfo);
     status = addWriterSource(isAudio, param);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << "Failed to add source for " << writerFormat << "Writer \n";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
-    CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get()));
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to add source for " << writerFormat << "Writer";
+
+    status = mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status);
     status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack, 0,
                                  mBufferInfo.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
     mCurrentTrack->stop();
-    if (status) {
-        cout << writerFormat << " writer failed \n";
-        mWriter->stop();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
-    CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->stop());
+
+    status = mWriter->stop();
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to stop the writer";
     close(fd);
 }
 
@@ -319,59 +325,125 @@
     string outputFile = OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
     int32_t fd =
             open(outputFile.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_LARGEFILE | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
-    if (fd < 0) return;
+    ASSERT_GE(fd, 0) << "Failed to open output file to dump writer's data";
+
     int32_t status = createWriter(fd);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << writerFormat << "\n";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << writerFormat;
+
     string inputFile = gEnv->getRes();
     string inputInfo = gEnv->getRes();
     configFormat param;
     bool isAudio;
     int32_t inputFileIdx = GetParam().second;
     getFileDetails(inputFile, inputInfo, param, isAudio, inputFileIdx);
-    if (!inputFile.compare(gEnv->getRes())) {
-        ALOGV("No input file specified");
-        return;
-    }
+    ASSERT_NE(inputFile.compare(gEnv->getRes()), 0) << "No input file specified";
+
     getInputBufferInfo(inputFile, inputInfo);
     status = addWriterSource(isAudio, param);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << "Failed to add source for " << writerFormat << "Writer \n";
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
-    CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get()));
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to add source for " << writerFormat << "Writer";
+
+    status = mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status);
     status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack, 0,
                                  mBufferInfo.size() / 4);
-    if (status) {
-        cout << writerFormat << " writer failed \n";
-        mCurrentTrack->stop();
-        mWriter->stop();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
 
     bool isPaused = false;
     if ((mWriterName != standardWriters::MPEG2TS) && (mWriterName != standardWriters::MPEG4)) {
-        CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->pause());
+        status = mWriter->pause();
+        ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status);
         isPaused = true;
     }
     // In the pause state, writers shouldn't write anything. Testing the writers for the same
     int32_t numFramesPaused = mBufferInfo.size() / 4;
-    status |= sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
+    status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
                                   mInputFrameId, numFramesPaused, isPaused);
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
+
     if (isPaused) {
-        CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get()));
+        status = mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+        ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status);
     }
-    status |= sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
+    status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
                                   mInputFrameId, mBufferInfo.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
     mCurrentTrack->stop();
-    if (status) {
-        cout << writerFormat << " writer failed \n";
-        mWriter->stop();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(false);
+
+    status = mWriter->stop();
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to stop the writer";
+    close(fd);
+}
+
+TEST_P(WriterTest, MultiStartStopPauseTest) {
+    // TODO: (b/144821804)
+    // Enable the test for MPE2TS writer
+    if (mDisableTest || mWriterName == standardWriters::MPEG2TS) return;
+    ALOGV("Test writers for multiple start, stop and pause calls");
+
+    string outputFile = OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
+    int32_t fd =
+            open(outputFile.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_LARGEFILE | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
+    ASSERT_GE(fd, 0) << "Failed to open output file to dump writer's data";
+
+    string writerFormat = GetParam().first;
+    int32_t status = createWriter(fd);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, (status_t)OK) << "Failed to create writer for output format:" << writerFormat;
+
+    string inputFile = gEnv->getRes();
+    string inputInfo = gEnv->getRes();
+    configFormat param;
+    bool isAudio;
+    int32_t inputFileIdx = GetParam().second;
+    getFileDetails(inputFile, inputInfo, param, isAudio, inputFileIdx);
+    ASSERT_NE(inputFile.compare(gEnv->getRes()), 0) << "No input file specified";
+
+    getInputBufferInfo(inputFile, inputInfo);
+    status = addWriterSource(isAudio, param);
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to add source for " << writerFormat << "Writer";
+
+    // first start should succeed.
+    status = mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Could not start the writer";
+
+    // Multiple start() may/may not succeed.
+    // Writers are expected to not crash on multiple start() calls.
+    for (int32_t count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
     }
-    CHECK_EQ((status_t)OK, mWriter->stop());
+
+    status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack, 0,
+                              mBufferInfo.size() / 4);
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
+
+    for (int32_t count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        mWriter->pause();
+        mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+    }
+
+    mWriter->pause();
+    int32_t numFramesPaused = mBufferInfo.size() / 4;
+    status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
+                              mInputFrameId, numFramesPaused, true);
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
+
+    for (int32_t count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        mWriter->start(mFileMeta.get());
+    }
+
+    status = sendBuffersToWriter(mInputStream, mBufferInfo, mInputFrameId, mCurrentTrack,
+                              mInputFrameId, mBufferInfo.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << writerFormat << " writer failed";
+
+    mCurrentTrack->stop();
+
+    // first stop should succeed.
+    status = mWriter->stop();
+    ASSERT_EQ((status_t)OK, status) << "Failed to stop the writer";
+    // Multiple stop() may/may not succeed.
+    // Writers are expected to not crash on multiple stop() calls.
+    for (int32_t count = 0; count < kMaxCount; count++) {
+        mWriter->stop();
+    }
     close(fd);
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTestEnvironment.h b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTestEnvironment.h
index 34c2baa..99e686f 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTestEnvironment.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterTestEnvironment.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 class WriterTestEnvironment : public ::testing::Environment {
   public:
-    WriterTestEnvironment() : res("/sdcard/media/") {}
+    WriterTestEnvironment() : res("/data/local/tmp/") {}
 
     // Parses the command line arguments
     int initFromOptions(int argc, char **argv);
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.cpp b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.cpp
index 2ba90a0..f24ccb6 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
                             int32_t &inputFrameId, sp<MediaAdapter> &currentTrack, int32_t offset,
                             int32_t range, bool isPaused) {
     while (1) {
-        if (inputFrameId == (int)bufferInfo.size() || inputFrameId >= (offset + range)) break;
+        if (inputFrameId >= (int)bufferInfo.size() || inputFrameId >= (offset + range)) break;
         int32_t size = bufferInfo[inputFrameId].size;
         char *data = (char *)malloc(size);
         if (!data) {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.h b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.h
index d402798..cdd6246 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/tests/writer/WriterUtility.h
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #define CODEC_CONFIG_FLAG 32
 
 constexpr uint32_t kMaxCSDStrlen = 16;
+constexpr uint32_t kMaxCount = 20;
 
 struct BufferInfo {
     int32_t size;
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/Android.bp b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/Android.bp
index 489ab04..d80d9a5 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/Android.bp
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/Android.bp
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@
 android_test {
     name: "MediaBenchmarkTest",
 
+    defaults: [
+        "MediaBenchmark-defaults",
+    ],
+
     // Include all the test code
     srcs: ["src/androidTest/**/*.java"],
 
-    sdk_version: "system_current",
-
     resource_dirs: ["res"],
 
     libs: [
@@ -43,12 +45,22 @@
 android_library {
     name: "libMediaBenchmark",
 
+    defaults: [
+        "MediaBenchmark-defaults",
+    ],
+
     // Include all the libraries
     srcs: ["src/main/**/*.java"],
 
-    sdk_version: "system_current",
-
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.test.core",
     ],
 }
+
+java_defaults {
+    name: "MediaBenchmark-defaults",
+
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "28",
+    target_sdk_version: "29",
+}
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/AndroidTest.xml b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/AndroidTest.xml
index 89d6ce2..1179d6c 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 -->
 <configuration description="Runs Media Benchmark Tests">
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.TestAppInstallSetup">
+        <option name="cleanup-apks" value="false" />
         <option name="test-file-name" value="MediaBenchmarkTest.apk" />
     </target_preparer>
 
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/DecoderTest.java b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/DecoderTest.java
index 07d414d..c41f198 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/DecoderTest.java
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/DecoderTest.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
     private static final String mInputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.input_file_path);
     private static final String mOutputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.output_file_path);
     private static final String mStatsFile =
-            mContext.getFilesDir() + "/Decoder." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
+            mContext.getExternalFilesDir(null) + "/Decoder." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
     private static final String TAG = "DecoderTest";
     private static final long PER_TEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 60000;
     private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@
         Stats mStats = new Stats();
         boolean status = mStats.writeStatsHeader(mStatsFile);
         assertTrue("Unable to open stats file for writing!", status);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Saving Benchmark results in: " + mStatsFile);
     }
 
     @Test(timeout = PER_TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/EncoderTest.java b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/EncoderTest.java
index 00e5e21..831467a 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/EncoderTest.java
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/EncoderTest.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
     private static final String mInputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.input_file_path);
     private static final String mOutputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.output_file_path);
     private static final String mStatsFile =
-            mContext.getFilesDir() + "/Encoder." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
+            mContext.getExternalFilesDir(null) + "/Encoder." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
     private static final String TAG = "EncoderTest";
     private static final long PER_TEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 120000;
     private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@
         Stats mStats = new Stats();
         boolean status = mStats.writeStatsHeader(mStatsFile);
         assertTrue("Unable to open stats file for writing!", status);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Saving Benchmark results in: " + mStatsFile);
     }
 
     @Test(timeout = PER_TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/ExtractorTest.java b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/ExtractorTest.java
index a33ecfe..6b7aad1 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/ExtractorTest.java
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/ExtractorTest.java
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@
     private static Context mContext =
             InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
     private static final String mInputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.input_file_path);
-    private static final String mStatsFile =
-            mContext.getFilesDir() + "/Extractor." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
+    private static final String mStatsFile = mContext.getExternalFilesDir(null) + "/Extractor."
+            + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
     private static final String TAG = "ExtractorTest";
     private String mInputFileName;
     private int mTrackId;
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@
         Stats mStats = new Stats();
         boolean status = mStats.writeStatsHeader(mStatsFile);
         assertTrue("Unable to open stats file for writing!", status);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Saving Benchmark results in: " + mStatsFile);
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/MuxerTest.java b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/MuxerTest.java
index b69c57b..2efdba2 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/MuxerTest.java
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/MediaBenchmarkTest/src/androidTest/java/com/android/media/benchmark/tests/MuxerTest.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
             InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
     private static final String mInputFilePath = mContext.getString(R.string.input_file_path);
     private static final String mStatsFile =
-            mContext.getFilesDir() + "/Muxer." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
+            mContext.getExternalFilesDir(null) + "/Muxer." + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".csv";
     private static final String TAG = "MuxerTest";
     private static final Map<String, Integer> mMapFormat = new Hashtable<String, Integer>() {
         {
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
         Stats mStats = new Stats();
         boolean status = mStats.writeStatsHeader(mStatsFile);
         assertTrue("Unable to open stats file for writing!", status);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Saving Benchmark results in: " + mStatsFile);
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/common/BenchmarkC2Common.cpp b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/common/BenchmarkC2Common.cpp
index 622a0e1..e09f468 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/common/BenchmarkC2Common.cpp
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/common/BenchmarkC2Common.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
 int32_t BenchmarkC2Common::setupCodec2() {
     ALOGV("In %s", __func__);
     mClient = android::Codec2Client::CreateFromService("default");
+    if (!mClient) {
+        mClient = android::Codec2Client::CreateFromService("software");
+    }
     if (!mClient) return -1;
 
     std::shared_ptr<C2AllocatorStore> store = android::GetCodec2PlatformAllocatorStore();
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/decoder/Decoder.cpp b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/decoder/Decoder.cpp
index b797cc9..2171589 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/decoder/Decoder.cpp
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/decoder/Decoder.cpp
@@ -225,12 +225,12 @@
 }
 
 void Decoder::deInitCodec() {
-    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     if (mFormat) {
         AMediaFormat_delete(mFormat);
         mFormat = nullptr;
     }
     if (!mCodec) return;
+    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     AMediaCodec_stop(mCodec);
     AMediaCodec_delete(mCodec);
     int64_t eTime = mStats->getCurTime();
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/encoder/Encoder.cpp b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/encoder/Encoder.cpp
index f119cf3..2db612c 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/encoder/Encoder.cpp
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/encoder/Encoder.cpp
@@ -154,11 +154,12 @@
 }
 
 void Encoder::deInitCodec() {
-    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     if (mFormat) {
         AMediaFormat_delete(mFormat);
         mFormat = nullptr;
     }
+    if (!mCodec) return;
+    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     AMediaCodec_stop(mCodec);
     AMediaCodec_delete(mCodec);
     int64_t eTime = mStats->getCurTime();
diff --git a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/muxer/Muxer.cpp b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/muxer/Muxer.cpp
index f8627cb..3e150ca 100644
--- a/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/muxer/Muxer.cpp
+++ b/media/tests/benchmark/src/native/muxer/Muxer.cpp
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@
 }
 
 void Muxer::deInitMuxer() {
-    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     if (mFormat) {
         AMediaFormat_delete(mFormat);
         mFormat = nullptr;
     }
     if (!mMuxer) return;
+    int64_t sTime = mStats->getCurTime();
     AMediaMuxer_stop(mMuxer);
     AMediaMuxer_delete(mMuxer);
     int64_t eTime = mStats->getCurTime();
diff --git a/media/utils/ServiceUtilities.cpp b/media/utils/ServiceUtilities.cpp
index 02141a8..a661470 100644
--- a/media/utils/ServiceUtilities.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/ServiceUtilities.cpp
@@ -174,12 +174,19 @@
 }
 
 bool modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed() {
+    return modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed(
+        IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid(), IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());
+}
+
+bool modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed(pid_t pid, uid_t uid) {
+    if (isAudioServerUid(IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid())) return true;
+
     static const String16 sModifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed(
             "android.permission.MODIFY_DEFAULT_AUDIO_EFFECTS");
     // IMPORTANT: Use PermissionCache - not a runtime permission and may not change.
-    bool ok = PermissionCache::checkCallingPermission(sModifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed);
-
-    if (!ok) ALOGE("android.permission.MODIFY_DEFAULT_AUDIO_EFFECTS");
+    bool ok = PermissionCache::checkPermission(sModifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed, pid, uid);
+    ALOGE_IF(!ok, "%s(): android.permission.MODIFY_DEFAULT_AUDIO_EFFECTS denied for uid %d",
+            __func__, uid);
     return ok;
 }
 
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/ServiceUtilities.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/ServiceUtilities.h
index e1089d5..f5768bd 100644
--- a/media/utils/include/mediautils/ServiceUtilities.h
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/ServiceUtilities.h
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
 bool settingsAllowed();
 bool modifyAudioRoutingAllowed();
 bool modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed();
+bool modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed(pid_t pid, uid_t uid);
 bool dumpAllowed();
 bool modifyPhoneStateAllowed(pid_t pid, uid_t uid);
 bool bypassInterruptionPolicyAllowed(pid_t pid, uid_t uid);
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Android.bp b/services/audioflinger/Android.bp
index de8c7e7..46472c9 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Android.bp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Android.bp
@@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libaudioflinger",
 
+    tidy: false, // b/146435095, segmentation fault with Effects.cpp
+
     srcs: [
         "AudioFlinger.cpp",
         "AudioHwDevice.cpp",
         "AudioStreamOut.cpp",
         "AudioWatchdog.cpp",
         "BufLog.cpp",
+        "DeviceEffectManager.cpp",
         "Effects.cpp",
         "FastCapture.cpp",
         "FastCaptureDumpState.cpp",
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
index 525ac68..10a9c63 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@
       mClientSharedHeapSize(kMinimumClientSharedHeapSizeBytes),
       mGlobalEffectEnableTime(0),
       mPatchPanel(this),
+      mDeviceEffectManager(this),
       mSystemReady(false)
 {
     // unsigned instead of audio_unique_id_use_t, because ++ operator is unavailable for enum
@@ -382,6 +383,24 @@
     }
 }
 
+status_t AudioFlinger::addEffectToHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+        audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    AudioHwDevice *audioHwDevice = mAudioHwDevs.valueFor(hwModuleId);
+    if (audioHwDevice == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return audioHwDevice->hwDevice()->addDeviceEffect(deviceId, effect);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::removeEffectFromHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+        audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    AudioHwDevice *audioHwDevice = mAudioHwDevs.valueFor(hwModuleId);
+    if (audioHwDevice == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return audioHwDevice->hwDevice()->removeDeviceEffect(deviceId, effect);
+}
+
 static const char * const audio_interfaces[] = {
     AUDIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_PRIMARY,
     AUDIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_A2DP,
@@ -558,6 +577,8 @@
 
         mPatchPanel.dump(fd);
 
+        mDeviceEffectManager.dump(fd);
+
         // dump external setParameters
         auto dumpLogger = [fd](SimpleLog& logger, const char* name) {
             dprintf(fd, "\n%s setParameters:\n", name);
@@ -2944,7 +2965,7 @@
         Mutex::Autolock _l(t->mLock);
         for (size_t j = 0; j < t->mEffectChains.size(); j++) {
             sp<EffectChain> ec = t->mEffectChains[j];
-            if (ec->sessionId() > AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+            if (!audio_is_global_session(ec->sessionId())) {
                 chains.push(ec);
             }
         }
@@ -2971,7 +2992,7 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < chains.size(); i++) {
         sp<EffectChain> ec = chains[i];
         int sessionid = ec->sessionId();
-        sp<ThreadBase> t = ec->mThread.promote();
+        sp<ThreadBase> t = ec->thread().promote();
         if (t == 0) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -2994,7 +3015,7 @@
                 effect->unPin();
                 t->removeEffect_l(effect, /*release*/ true);
                 if (effect->purgeHandles()) {
-                    t->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled_l(effect, false, effect->sessionId());
+                    effect->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(false, true /*threadLocked*/);
                 }
                 removedEffects.push_back(effect);
             }
@@ -3294,6 +3315,7 @@
         int32_t priority,
         audio_io_handle_t io,
         audio_session_t sessionId,
+        const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
         const String16& opPackageName,
         pid_t pid,
         status_t *status,
@@ -3346,6 +3368,17 @@
             lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
             goto Exit;
         }
+    } else if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+        if (!modifyDefaultAudioEffectsAllowed(pid, callingUid)) {
+            ALOGE("%s: device effect permission denied for uid %d", __func__, callingUid);
+            lStatus = PERMISSION_DENIED;
+            goto Exit;
+        }
+        if (io != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+            ALOGE("%s: io handle should not be specified for device effect", __func__);
+            lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
+            goto Exit;
+        }
     } else {
         // general sessionId.
 
@@ -3381,7 +3414,7 @@
         // check recording permission for visualizer
         if ((memcmp(&desc.type, SL_IID_VISUALIZATION, sizeof(effect_uuid_t)) == 0) &&
             // TODO: Do we need to start/stop op - i.e. is there recording being performed?
-            !recordingAllowed(opPackageName, pid, IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid())) {
+            !recordingAllowed(opPackageName, pid, callingUid)) {
             lStatus = PERMISSION_DENIED;
             goto Exit;
         }
@@ -3398,6 +3431,23 @@
 
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
 
+        if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+            sp<Client> client = registerPid(pid);
+            ALOGV("%s device type %d address %s", __func__, device.mType, device.getAddress());
+            handle = mDeviceEffectManager.createEffect_l(
+                    &desc, device, client, effectClient, mPatchPanel.patches_l(),
+                    enabled, &lStatus);
+            if (lStatus != NO_ERROR && lStatus != ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+                // remove local strong reference to Client with mClientLock held
+                Mutex::Autolock _cl(mClientLock);
+                client.clear();
+            } else {
+                // handle must be valid here, but check again to be safe.
+                if (handle.get() != nullptr && id != nullptr) *id = handle->id();
+            }
+            goto Register;
+        }
+
         // If output is not specified try to find a matching audio session ID in one of the
         // output threads.
         // If output is 0 here, sessionId is neither SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE nor SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX
@@ -3479,7 +3529,7 @@
         sp<Client> client = registerPid(pid);
 
         // create effect on selected output thread
-        bool pinned = (sessionId > AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) && isSessionAcquired_l(sessionId);
+        bool pinned = !audio_is_global_session(sessionId) && isSessionAcquired_l(sessionId);
         handle = thread->createEffect_l(client, effectClient, priority, sessionId,
                 &desc, enabled, &lStatus, pinned);
         if (lStatus != NO_ERROR && lStatus != ALREADY_EXISTS) {
@@ -3492,9 +3542,10 @@
         }
     }
 
+Register:
     if (lStatus == NO_ERROR || lStatus == ALREADY_EXISTS) {
         // Check CPU and memory usage
-        sp<EffectModule> effect = handle->effect().promote();
+        sp<EffectBase> effect = handle->effect().promote();
         if (effect != nullptr) {
             status_t rStatus = effect->updatePolicyState();
             if (rStatus != NO_ERROR) {
@@ -3604,7 +3655,7 @@
         // if the move request is not received from audio policy manager, the effect must be
         // re-registered with the new strategy and output
         if (dstChain == 0) {
-            dstChain = effect->chain().promote();
+            dstChain = effect->callback()->chain().promote();
             if (dstChain == 0) {
                 ALOGW("moveEffectChain_l() cannot get chain from effect %p", effect.get());
                 status = NO_INIT;
@@ -3654,7 +3705,7 @@
             goto Exit;
         }
 
-        dstChain = effect->chain().promote();
+        dstChain = effect->callback()->chain().promote();
         if (dstChain == 0) {
             thread->addEffect_l(effect);
             status = INVALID_OPERATION;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
index 9e3ec92..a43a6dc 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@
                         int32_t priority,
                         audio_io_handle_t io,
                         audio_session_t sessionId,
+                        const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
                         const String16& opPackageName,
                         pid_t pid,
                         status_t *status /*non-NULL*/,
@@ -307,6 +308,12 @@
 
     static int onExternalVibrationStart(const sp<os::ExternalVibration>& externalVibration);
     static void onExternalVibrationStop(const sp<os::ExternalVibration>& externalVibration);
+
+    status_t addEffectToHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+            audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect);
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+            audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect);
+
 private:
     // FIXME The 400 is temporarily too high until a leak of writers in media.log is fixed.
     static const size_t kLogMemorySize = 400 * 1024;
@@ -532,9 +539,14 @@
     class AsyncCallbackThread;
     class Track;
     class RecordTrack;
+    class EffectBase;
     class EffectModule;
     class EffectHandle;
     class EffectChain;
+    class DeviceEffectProxy;
+    class DeviceEffectManager;
+    class PatchPanel;
+    class DeviceEffectManagerCallback;
 
     struct AudioStreamIn;
     struct TeePatch;
@@ -572,9 +584,11 @@
 
 #include "Threads.h"
 
+#include "PatchPanel.h"
+
 #include "Effects.h"
 
-#include "PatchPanel.h"
+#include "DeviceEffectManager.h"
 
     // Find io handle by session id.
     // Preference is given to an io handle with a matching effect chain to session id.
@@ -920,6 +934,8 @@
     PatchPanel mPatchPanel;
     sp<EffectsFactoryHalInterface> mEffectsFactoryHal;
 
+    DeviceEffectManager mDeviceEffectManager;
+
     bool       mSystemReady;
 
     SimpleLog  mRejectedSetParameterLog;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.cpp b/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87a4c6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+/*
+**
+** Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager"
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <audio_utils/primitives.h>
+
+#include "AudioFlinger.h"
+#include <media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h>
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+namespace android {
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::createAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle,
+        const PatchPanel::Patch& patch) {
+    ALOGV("%s handle %d mHalHandle %d num sinks %d device sink %08x",
+            __func__, handle, patch.mHalHandle,
+            patch.mAudioPatch.num_sinks,
+            patch.mAudioPatch.num_sinks > 0 ? patch.mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.device.type : 0);
+
+    mCommandThread->createAudioPatchCommand(handle, patch);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::onCreateAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle,
+        const PatchPanel::Patch& patch) {
+    ALOGV("%s handle %d mHalHandle %d device sink %08x",
+            __func__, handle, patch.mHalHandle,
+            patch.mAudioPatch.num_sinks > 0 ? patch.mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.device.type : 0);
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    for (auto& effect : mDeviceEffects) {
+        status_t status = effect.second->onCreatePatch(handle, patch);
+        ALOGV("%s Effect onCreatePatch status %d", __func__, status);
+        ALOGW_IF(status == BAD_VALUE, "%s onCreatePatch error %d", __func__, status);
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::releaseAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __func__);
+    mCommandThread->releaseAudioPatchCommand(handle);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::onReleaseAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __func__);
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    for (auto& effect : mDeviceEffects) {
+        effect.second->onReleasePatch(handle);
+    }
+}
+
+// DeviceEffectManager::createEffect_l() must be called with AudioFlinger::mLock held
+sp<AudioFlinger::EffectHandle> AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::createEffect_l(
+        effect_descriptor_t *descriptor,
+        const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
+        const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
+        const sp<IEffectClient>& effectClient,
+        const std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, PatchPanel::Patch>& patches,
+        int *enabled,
+        status_t *status) {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> effect;
+    sp<EffectHandle> handle;
+    status_t lStatus;
+
+    lStatus = checkEffectCompatibility(descriptor);
+    if (lStatus != NO_ERROR) {
+       *status = lStatus;
+       return handle;
+    }
+
+    {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+        auto iter = mDeviceEffects.find(device);
+        if (iter != mDeviceEffects.end()) {
+            effect = iter->second;
+        } else {
+            effect = new DeviceEffectProxy(device, mMyCallback,
+                    descriptor, mAudioFlinger.nextUniqueId(AUDIO_UNIQUE_ID_USE_EFFECT));
+        }
+        // create effect handle and connect it to effect module
+        handle = new EffectHandle(effect, client, effectClient, 0 /*priority*/);
+        lStatus = handle->initCheck();
+        if (lStatus == NO_ERROR) {
+            lStatus = effect->addHandle(handle.get());
+            if (lStatus == NO_ERROR) {
+                effect->init(patches);
+                mDeviceEffects.emplace(device, effect);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (enabled != NULL) {
+        *enabled = (int)effect->isEnabled();
+    }
+    *status = lStatus;
+    return handle;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::checkEffectCompatibility(
+        const effect_descriptor_t *desc) {
+
+    if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) != EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC
+        && (desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) != EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
+        ALOGW("%s() non pre/post processing device effect %s", __func__, desc->name);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::createEffectHal(
+        const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId,
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) {
+    status_t status = NO_INIT;
+    sp<EffectsFactoryHalInterface> effectsFactory = mAudioFlinger.getEffectsFactory();
+    if (effectsFactory != 0) {
+        status = effectsFactory->createEffect(
+                pEffectUuid, sessionId, AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE, deviceId, effect);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::dump(int fd) {
+    const bool locked = dumpTryLock(mLock);
+    if (!locked) {
+        String8 result("DeviceEffectManager may be deadlocked\n");
+        write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    }
+
+    write(fd, "\nDevice Effects:\n", sizeof("\nDevice Effects:\n"));
+    for (const auto& iter : mDeviceEffects) {
+        String8 outStr;
+        outStr.appendFormat("%*sEffect for device %s address %s:\n", 2, "",
+                ::android::toString(iter.first.mType).c_str(), iter.first.getAddress());
+        write(fd, outStr.string(), outStr.size());
+        iter.second->dump(fd, 4);
+    }
+
+    if (locked) {
+        mLock.unlock();
+    }
+}
+
+
+size_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::removeEffect(const sp<DeviceEffectProxy>& effect)
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mDeviceEffects.erase(effect->device());
+    return mDeviceEffects.size();
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManagerCallback::disconnectEffectHandle(
+        EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) {
+    sp<EffectBase> effectBase = handle->effect().promote();
+    if (effectBase == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> effect = effectBase->asDeviceEffectProxy();
+    if (effect == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // restore suspended effects if the disconnected handle was enabled and the last one.
+    bool remove = (effect->removeHandle(handle) == 0) && (!effect->isPinned() || unpinIfLast);
+    if (remove) {
+        mManager.removeEffect(effect);
+        if (handle->enabled()) {
+            effectBase->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(false, false /*threadLocked*/);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// -----------  DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread implementation ----------
+
+
+AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::~CommandThread()
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mCommands.clear();
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::onFirstRef()
+{
+    run("DeviceEffectManage_CommandThread", ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::threadLoop()
+{
+    mLock.lock();
+    while (!exitPending())
+    {
+        while (!mCommands.empty() && !exitPending()) {
+            sp<Command> command = mCommands.front();
+            mCommands.pop_front();
+            mLock.unlock();
+
+            switch (command->mCommand) {
+            case CREATE_AUDIO_PATCH: {
+                CreateAudioPatchData *data = (CreateAudioPatchData *)command->mData.get();
+                ALOGV("CommandThread() processing create audio patch handle %d", data->mHandle);
+                mManager.onCreateAudioPatch(data->mHandle, data->mPatch);
+                } break;
+            case RELEASE_AUDIO_PATCH: {
+                ReleaseAudioPatchData *data = (ReleaseAudioPatchData *)command->mData.get();
+                ALOGV("CommandThread() processing release audio patch handle %d", data->mHandle);
+                mManager.onReleaseAudioPatch(data->mHandle);
+                } break;
+            default:
+                ALOGW("CommandThread() unknown command %d", command->mCommand);
+            }
+            mLock.lock();
+        }
+
+        // At this stage we have either an empty command queue or the first command in the queue
+        // has a finite delay. So unless we are exiting it is safe to wait.
+        if (!exitPending()) {
+            ALOGV("CommandThread() going to sleep");
+            mWaitWorkCV.wait(mLock);
+        }
+    }
+    mLock.unlock();
+    return false;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::sendCommand(sp<Command> command) {
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mCommands.push_back(command);
+    mWaitWorkCV.signal();
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::createAudioPatchCommand(
+        audio_patch_handle_t handle, const PatchPanel::Patch& patch)
+{
+    sp<Command> command = new Command(CREATE_AUDIO_PATCH, new CreateAudioPatchData(handle, patch));
+    ALOGV("CommandThread() adding create patch handle %d mHalHandle %d.", handle, patch.mHalHandle);
+    sendCommand(command);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::releaseAudioPatchCommand(
+        audio_patch_handle_t handle)
+{
+    sp<Command> command = new Command(RELEASE_AUDIO_PATCH, new ReleaseAudioPatchData(handle));
+    ALOGV("CommandThread() adding release patch");
+    sendCommand(command);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectManager::CommandThread::exit()
+{
+    ALOGV("CommandThread::exit");
+    {
+        AutoMutex _l(mLock);
+        requestExit();
+        mWaitWorkCV.signal();
+    }
+    // Note that we can call it from the thread loop if all other references have been released
+    // but it will safely return WOULD_BLOCK in this case
+    requestExitAndWait();
+}
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.h b/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14ff14d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/audioflinger/DeviceEffectManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/*
+**
+** Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#ifndef INCLUDING_FROM_AUDIOFLINGER_H
+    #error This header file should only be included from AudioFlinger.h
+#endif
+
+// DeviceEffectManager is concealed within AudioFlinger, their lifetimes are the same.
+class DeviceEffectManager {
+public:
+    explicit DeviceEffectManager(AudioFlinger* audioFlinger)
+        : mCommandThread(new CommandThread(*this)), mAudioFlinger(*audioFlinger),
+        mMyCallback(new DeviceEffectManagerCallback(this)) {}
+
+            ~DeviceEffectManager() {
+                mCommandThread->exit();
+            }
+
+    sp<EffectHandle> createEffect_l(effect_descriptor_t *descriptor,
+                const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
+                const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
+                const sp<IEffectClient>& effectClient,
+                const std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, PatchPanel::Patch>& patches,
+                int *enabled,
+                status_t *status);
+    void createAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle, const PatchPanel::Patch& patch);
+    void releaseAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle);
+
+    size_t removeEffect(const sp<DeviceEffectProxy>& effect);
+    status_t createEffectHal(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
+           int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId,
+           sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect);
+    status_t addEffectToHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId, audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId,
+            sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+        return mAudioFlinger.addEffectToHal(deviceId, hwModuleId, effect);
+    };
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId, audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId,
+            sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+        return mAudioFlinger.removeEffectFromHal(deviceId, hwModuleId, effect);
+    };
+
+    AudioFlinger& audioFlinger() const { return mAudioFlinger; }
+
+    void dump(int fd);
+
+private:
+
+    // Thread to execute create and release patch commands asynchronously. This is needed because
+    // PatchPanel::createAudioPatch and releaseAudioPatch are executed from audio policy service
+    // with mutex locked and effect management requires to call back into audio policy service
+    class Command;
+    class CommandThread : public Thread {
+    public:
+
+        enum {
+            CREATE_AUDIO_PATCH,
+            RELEASE_AUDIO_PATCH,
+        };
+
+        CommandThread(DeviceEffectManager& manager)
+            : Thread(false), mManager(manager) {}
+        ~CommandThread() override;
+
+        // Thread virtuals
+        void onFirstRef() override;
+        bool threadLoop() override;
+
+                void exit();
+
+                void createAudioPatchCommand(audio_patch_handle_t handle,
+                        const PatchPanel::Patch& patch);
+                void releaseAudioPatchCommand(audio_patch_handle_t handle);
+
+    private:
+        class CommandData;
+
+        // descriptor for requested tone playback event
+        class Command: public RefBase {
+        public:
+            Command() = default;
+            Command(int command, sp<CommandData> data)
+                : mCommand(command), mData(data) {}
+
+            int mCommand = -1;
+            sp<CommandData> mData;
+        };
+
+        class CommandData: public RefBase {
+        public:
+            virtual ~CommandData() = default;
+        };
+
+        class CreateAudioPatchData : public CommandData {
+        public:
+            CreateAudioPatchData(audio_patch_handle_t handle, const PatchPanel::Patch& patch)
+                :   mHandle(handle), mPatch(patch) {}
+
+            audio_patch_handle_t mHandle;
+            const PatchPanel::Patch mPatch;
+        };
+
+        class ReleaseAudioPatchData : public CommandData {
+        public:
+            ReleaseAudioPatchData(audio_patch_handle_t handle)
+                :   mHandle(handle) {}
+
+            audio_patch_handle_t mHandle;
+        };
+
+        void sendCommand(sp<Command> command);
+
+        Mutex   mLock;
+        Condition mWaitWorkCV;
+        std::deque <sp<Command>> mCommands; // list of pending commands
+        DeviceEffectManager& mManager;
+    };
+
+    void onCreateAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle, const PatchPanel::Patch& patch);
+    void onReleaseAudioPatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle);
+
+    status_t checkEffectCompatibility(const effect_descriptor_t *desc);
+
+    Mutex mLock;
+    sp<CommandThread> mCommandThread;
+    AudioFlinger &mAudioFlinger;
+    const sp<DeviceEffectManagerCallback> mMyCallback;
+    std::map<AudioDeviceTypeAddr, sp<DeviceEffectProxy>> mDeviceEffects;
+};
+
+class DeviceEffectManagerCallback :  public EffectCallbackInterface {
+public:
+            DeviceEffectManagerCallback(DeviceEffectManager *manager)
+                : mManager(*manager) {}
+
+    status_t createEffectHal(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
+           int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId,
+           sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) override {
+                return mManager.createEffectHal(pEffectUuid, sessionId, deviceId, effect);
+            }
+    status_t allocateHalBuffer(size_t size __unused,
+            sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>* buffer __unused) override { return NO_ERROR; }
+    bool updateOrphanEffectChains(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override { return false; }
+
+    audio_io_handle_t io() const override  { return AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE; }
+    bool isOutput() const override { return false; }
+    bool isOffload() const override { return false; }
+    bool isOffloadOrDirect() const override { return false; }
+    bool isOffloadOrMmap() const override { return false; }
+
+    uint32_t  sampleRate() const override { return 0; }
+    audio_channel_mask_t channelMask() const override { return AUDIO_CHANNEL_NONE; }
+    uint32_t channelCount() const override { return 0; }
+    size_t    frameCount() const override  { return 0; }
+    uint32_t  latency() const override  { return 0; }
+
+    status_t addEffectToHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) override {
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect __unused) override {
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    bool disconnectEffectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) override;
+    void setVolumeForOutput(float left __unused, float right __unused) const override {}
+
+    // check if effects should be suspended or restored when a given effect is enable or disabled
+    void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused,
+                          bool enabled __unused, bool threadLocked __unused) override {}
+    void resetVolume() override {}
+    uint32_t strategy() const override  { return 0; }
+    int32_t activeTrackCnt() const override { return 0; }
+    void onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override {}
+    void onEffectDisable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override {}
+
+    wp<EffectChain> chain() const override { return nullptr; }
+
+    int newEffectId() { return mManager.audioFlinger().nextUniqueId(AUDIO_UNIQUE_ID_USE_EFFECT); }
+
+    status_t addEffectToHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+            audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+        return mManager.addEffectToHal(deviceId, hwModuleId, effect);
+    }
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal(audio_port_handle_t deviceId,
+            audio_module_handle_t hwModuleId, sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+        return mManager.removeEffectFromHal(deviceId, hwModuleId, effect);
+    }
+private:
+    DeviceEffectManager& mManager;
+};
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
index ee7a6d6..ca8fd2d 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
@@ -58,81 +58,115 @@
 namespace android {
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//  EffectModule implementation
+//  EffectBase implementation
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #undef LOG_TAG
-#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::EffectModule"
+#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::EffectBase"
 
-AudioFlinger::EffectModule::EffectModule(ThreadBase *thread,
-                                        const wp<AudioFlinger::EffectChain>& chain,
+AudioFlinger::EffectBase::EffectBase(const sp<AudioFlinger::EffectCallbackInterface>& callback,
                                         effect_descriptor_t *desc,
                                         int id,
                                         audio_session_t sessionId,
                                         bool pinned)
     : mPinned(pinned),
-      mThread(thread), mChain(chain), mId(id), mSessionId(sessionId),
-      mDescriptor(*desc),
-      // clear mConfig to ensure consistent initial value of buffer framecount
-      // in case buffers are associated by setInBuffer() or setOutBuffer()
-      // prior to configure().
-      mConfig{{}, {}},
-      mStatus(NO_INIT), mState(IDLE),
-      mMaxDisableWaitCnt(1), // set by configure(), should be >= 1
-      mDisableWaitCnt(0),    // set by process() and updateState()
-      mSuspended(false),
-      mOffloaded(false),
-      mAudioFlinger(thread->mAudioFlinger)
-#ifdef FLOAT_EFFECT_CHAIN
-      , mSupportsFloat(false)
-#endif
+      mCallback(callback), mId(id), mSessionId(sessionId),
+      mDescriptor(*desc)
 {
-    ALOGV("Constructor %p pinned %d", this, pinned);
-    int lStatus;
+}
 
-    // create effect engine from effect factory
-    mStatus = -ENODEV;
-    sp<AudioFlinger> audioFlinger = mAudioFlinger.promote();
-    if (audioFlinger != 0) {
-        sp<EffectsFactoryHalInterface> effectsFactory = audioFlinger->getEffectsFactory();
-        if (effectsFactory != 0) {
-            mStatus = effectsFactory->createEffect(
-                    &desc->uuid, sessionId, thread->id(), &mEffectInterface);
+// must be called with EffectModule::mLock held
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::setEnabled_l(bool enabled)
+{
+
+    ALOGV("setEnabled %p enabled %d", this, enabled);
+
+    if (enabled != isEnabled()) {
+        switch (mState) {
+        // going from disabled to enabled
+        case IDLE:
+            mState = STARTING;
+            break;
+        case STOPPED:
+            mState = RESTART;
+            break;
+        case STOPPING:
+            mState = ACTIVE;
+            break;
+
+        // going from enabled to disabled
+        case RESTART:
+            mState = STOPPED;
+            break;
+        case STARTING:
+            mState = IDLE;
+            break;
+        case ACTIVE:
+            mState = STOPPING;
+            break;
+        case DESTROYED:
+            return NO_ERROR; // simply ignore as we are being destroyed
+        }
+        for (size_t i = 1; i < mHandles.size(); i++) {
+            EffectHandle *h = mHandles[i];
+            if (h != NULL && !h->disconnected()) {
+                h->setEnabled(enabled);
+            }
         }
     }
-
-    if (mStatus != NO_ERROR) {
-        return;
-    }
-    lStatus = init();
-    if (lStatus < 0) {
-        mStatus = lStatus;
-        goto Error;
-    }
-
-    setOffloaded(thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD, thread->id());
-    ALOGV("Constructor success name %s, Interface %p", mDescriptor.name, mEffectInterface.get());
-
-    return;
-Error:
-    mEffectInterface.clear();
-    ALOGV("Constructor Error %d", mStatus);
+    return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
-AudioFlinger::EffectModule::~EffectModule()
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::setEnabled(bool enabled, bool fromHandle)
 {
-    ALOGV("Destructor %p", this);
-    if (mEffectInterface != 0) {
-        char uuidStr[64];
-        AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.uuid, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
-        ALOGW("EffectModule %p destructor called with unreleased interface, effect %s",
-                this, uuidStr);
-        release_l();
+    status_t status;
+    {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+        status = setEnabled_l(enabled);
     }
-
+    if (fromHandle) {
+        if (enabled) {
+            if (status != NO_ERROR) {
+                mCallback->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(this, false, false /*threadLocked*/);
+            } else {
+                mCallback->onEffectEnable(this);
+            }
+        } else {
+            mCallback->onEffectDisable(this);
+        }
+    }
+    return status;
 }
 
-status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::addHandle(EffectHandle *handle)
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectBase::isEnabled() const
+{
+    switch (mState) {
+    case RESTART:
+    case STARTING:
+    case ACTIVE:
+        return true;
+    case IDLE:
+    case STOPPING:
+    case STOPPED:
+    case DESTROYED:
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectBase::setSuspended(bool suspended)
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mSuspended = suspended;
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectBase::suspended() const
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    return mSuspended;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::addHandle(EffectHandle *handle)
 {
     status_t status;
 
@@ -171,7 +205,7 @@
     return status;
 }
 
-status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::updatePolicyState()
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::updatePolicyState()
 {
     status_t status = NO_ERROR;
     bool doRegister = false;
@@ -188,14 +222,8 @@
             doRegister = true;
             mPolicyRegistered = mHandles.size() > 0;
             if (mPolicyRegistered) {
-              sp <EffectChain> chain = mChain.promote();
-              sp <ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-
-              if (thread == nullptr || chain == nullptr) {
-                    return INVALID_OPERATION;
-                }
-                io = thread->id();
-                strategy = chain->strategy();
+                io = mCallback->io();
+                strategy = mCallback->strategy();
             }
         }
         // enable effect when registered according to enable state requested by controlling handle
@@ -233,13 +261,13 @@
 }
 
 
-ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::removeHandle(EffectHandle *handle)
+ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::removeHandle(EffectHandle *handle)
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     return removeHandle_l(handle);
 }
 
-ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle)
+ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle)
 {
     size_t size = mHandles.size();
     size_t i;
@@ -263,19 +291,15 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // Prevent calls to process() and other functions on effect interface from now on.
-    // The effect engine will be released by the destructor when the last strong reference on
-    // this object is released which can happen after next process is called.
     if (mHandles.size() == 0 && !mPinned) {
         mState = DESTROYED;
-        mEffectInterface->close();
     }
 
     return mHandles.size();
 }
 
 // must be called with EffectModule::mLock held
-AudioFlinger::EffectHandle *AudioFlinger::EffectModule::controlHandle_l()
+AudioFlinger::EffectHandle *AudioFlinger::EffectBase::controlHandle_l()
 {
     // the first valid handle in the list has control over the module
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mHandles.size(); i++) {
@@ -289,22 +313,271 @@
 }
 
 // unsafe method called when the effect parent thread has been destroyed
-ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::disconnectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast)
+ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectBase::disconnectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast)
 {
     ALOGV("disconnect() %p handle %p", this, handle);
+    if (mCallback->disconnectEffectHandle(handle, unpinIfLast)) {
+        return mHandles.size();
+    }
+
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     ssize_t numHandles = removeHandle_l(handle);
     if ((numHandles == 0) && (!mPinned || unpinIfLast)) {
-        sp<AudioFlinger> af = mAudioFlinger.promote();
-        if (af != 0) {
-            mLock.unlock();
-            af->updateOrphanEffectChains(this);
-            mLock.lock();
-        }
+        mLock.unlock();
+        mCallback->updateOrphanEffectChains(this);
+        mLock.lock();
     }
     return numHandles;
 }
 
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectBase::purgeHandles()
+{
+    bool enabled = false;
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    EffectHandle *handle = controlHandle_l();
+    if (handle != NULL) {
+        enabled = handle->enabled();
+    }
+    mHandles.clear();
+    return enabled;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectBase::checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(bool enabled, bool threadLocked) {
+    mCallback->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(this, enabled, threadLocked);
+}
+
+static String8 effectFlagsToString(uint32_t flags) {
+    String8 s;
+
+    s.append("conn. mode: ");
+    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) {
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_INSERT: s.append("insert"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_AUXILIARY: s.append("auxiliary"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_REPLACE: s.append("replace"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC: s.append("preproc"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC: s.append("postproc"); break;
+    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+    }
+    s.append(", ");
+
+    s.append("insert pref: ");
+    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_MASK) {
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_ANY: s.append("any"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_FIRST: s.append("first"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_LAST: s.append("last"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_EXCLUSIVE: s.append("exclusive"); break;
+    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+    }
+    s.append(", ");
+
+    s.append("volume mgmt: ");
+    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MASK) {
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_NONE: s.append("none"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_CTRL: s.append("implements control"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_IND: s.append("requires indication"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MONITOR: s.append("monitors volume"); break;
+    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+    }
+    s.append(", ");
+
+    uint32_t devind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_DEVICE_MASK;
+    if (devind) {
+        s.append("device indication: ");
+        switch (devind) {
+        case EFFECT_FLAG_DEVICE_IND: s.append("requires updates"); break;
+        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+        }
+        s.append(", ");
+    }
+
+    s.append("input mode: ");
+    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_MASK) {
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_DIRECT: s.append("direct"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_PROVIDER: s.append("provider"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_BOTH: s.append("direct+provider"); break;
+    default: s.append("not set"); break;
+    }
+    s.append(", ");
+
+    s.append("output mode: ");
+    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_MASK) {
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_DIRECT: s.append("direct"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_PROVIDER: s.append("provider"); break;
+    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_BOTH: s.append("direct+provider"); break;
+    default: s.append("not set"); break;
+    }
+    s.append(", ");
+
+    uint32_t accel = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_MASK;
+    if (accel) {
+        s.append("hardware acceleration: ");
+        switch (accel) {
+        case EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_SIMPLE: s.append("non-tunneled"); break;
+        case EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL: s.append("tunneled"); break;
+        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+        }
+        s.append(", ");
+    }
+
+    uint32_t modeind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_MODE_MASK;
+    if (modeind) {
+        s.append("mode indication: ");
+        switch (modeind) {
+        case EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_MODE_IND: s.append("required"); break;
+        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+        }
+        s.append(", ");
+    }
+
+    uint32_t srcind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_SOURCE_MASK;
+    if (srcind) {
+        s.append("source indication: ");
+        switch (srcind) {
+        case EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_SOURCE_IND: s.append("required"); break;
+        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
+        }
+        s.append(", ");
+    }
+
+    if (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OFFLOAD_MASK) {
+        s.append("offloadable, ");
+    }
+
+    int len = s.length();
+    if (s.length() > 2) {
+        (void) s.lockBuffer(len);
+        s.unlockBuffer(len - 2);
+    }
+    return s;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectBase::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args __unused)
+{
+    String8 result;
+
+    result.appendFormat("\tEffect ID %d:\n", mId);
+
+    bool locked = AudioFlinger::dumpTryLock(mLock);
+    // failed to lock - AudioFlinger is probably deadlocked
+    if (!locked) {
+        result.append("\t\tCould not lock Fx mutex:\n");
+    }
+
+    result.append("\t\tSession State Registered Enabled Suspended:\n");
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t%05d   %03d   %s          %s       %s\n",
+            mSessionId, mState, mPolicyRegistered ? "y" : "n",
+            mPolicyEnabled ? "y" : "n", mSuspended ? "y" : "n");
+
+    result.append("\t\tDescriptor:\n");
+    char uuidStr[64];
+    AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.uuid, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t- UUID: %s\n", uuidStr);
+    AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.type, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t- TYPE: %s\n", uuidStr);
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t- apiVersion: %08X\n\t\t- flags: %08X (%s)\n",
+            mDescriptor.apiVersion,
+            mDescriptor.flags,
+            effectFlagsToString(mDescriptor.flags).string());
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t- name: %s\n",
+            mDescriptor.name);
+
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t- implementor: %s\n",
+            mDescriptor.implementor);
+
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t%zu Clients:\n", mHandles.size());
+    result.append("\t\t\t  Pid Priority Ctrl Locked client server\n");
+    char buffer[256];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mHandles.size(); ++i) {
+        EffectHandle *handle = mHandles[i];
+        if (handle != NULL && !handle->disconnected()) {
+            handle->dumpToBuffer(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+            result.append(buffer);
+        }
+    }
+    if (locked) {
+        mLock.unlock();
+    }
+
+    write(fd, result.string(), result.length());
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//  EffectModule implementation
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::EffectModule"
+
+AudioFlinger::EffectModule::EffectModule(const sp<AudioFlinger::EffectCallbackInterface>& callback,
+                                         effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+                                         int id,
+                                         audio_session_t sessionId,
+                                         bool pinned,
+                                         audio_port_handle_t deviceId)
+    : EffectBase(callback, desc, id, sessionId, pinned),
+      // clear mConfig to ensure consistent initial value of buffer framecount
+      // in case buffers are associated by setInBuffer() or setOutBuffer()
+      // prior to configure().
+      mConfig{{}, {}},
+      mStatus(NO_INIT),
+      mMaxDisableWaitCnt(1), // set by configure(), should be >= 1
+      mDisableWaitCnt(0),    // set by process() and updateState()
+      mOffloaded(false)
+#ifdef FLOAT_EFFECT_CHAIN
+      , mSupportsFloat(false)
+#endif
+{
+    ALOGV("Constructor %p pinned %d", this, pinned);
+    int lStatus;
+
+    // create effect engine from effect factory
+    mStatus = callback->createEffectHal(
+            &desc->uuid, sessionId, deviceId, &mEffectInterface);
+    if (mStatus != NO_ERROR) {
+        return;
+    }
+    lStatus = init();
+    if (lStatus < 0) {
+        mStatus = lStatus;
+        goto Error;
+    }
+
+    setOffloaded(callback->isOffload(), callback->io());
+    ALOGV("Constructor success name %s, Interface %p", mDescriptor.name, mEffectInterface.get());
+
+    return;
+Error:
+    mEffectInterface.clear();
+    ALOGV("Constructor Error %d", mStatus);
+}
+
+AudioFlinger::EffectModule::~EffectModule()
+{
+    ALOGV("Destructor %p", this);
+    if (mEffectInterface != 0) {
+        char uuidStr[64];
+        AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.uuid, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
+        ALOGW("EffectModule %p destructor called with unreleased interface, effect %s",
+                this, uuidStr);
+        release_l();
+    }
+
+}
+
+ssize_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle)
+{
+    ssize_t status = EffectBase::removeHandle_l(handle);
+
+    // Prevent calls to process() and other functions on effect interface from now on.
+    // The effect engine will be released by the destructor when the last strong reference on
+    // this object is released which can happen after next process is called.
+    if (status == 0 && !mPinned) {
+        mEffectInterface->close();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
 bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::updateState() {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
 
@@ -542,8 +815,7 @@
                 mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.raw != mConfig.outputCfg.buffer.raw) {
         // If an insert effect is idle and input buffer is different from output buffer,
         // accumulate input onto output
-        sp<EffectChain> chain = mChain.promote();
-        if (chain.get() != nullptr && chain->activeTrackCnt() != 0) {
+        if (mCallback->activeTrackCnt() != 0) {
             // similar handling with data_bypass above.
             if (mConfig.outputCfg.accessMode == EFFECT_BUFFER_ACCESS_ACCUMULATE) {
                 accumulateInputToOutput();
@@ -566,7 +838,6 @@
 {
     ALOGVV("configure() started");
     status_t status;
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread;
     uint32_t size;
     audio_channel_mask_t channelMask;
 
@@ -575,17 +846,11 @@
         goto exit;
     }
 
-    thread = mThread.promote();
-    if (thread == 0) {
-        status = DEAD_OBJECT;
-        goto exit;
-    }
-
     // TODO: handle configuration of effects replacing track process
     // TODO: handle configuration of input (record) SW effects above the HAL,
     // similar to output EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_INSERT/REPLACE,
     // in which case input channel masks should be used here.
-    channelMask = thread->channelMask();
+    channelMask = mCallback->channelMask();
     mConfig.inputCfg.channels = channelMask;
     mConfig.outputCfg.channels = channelMask;
 
@@ -622,11 +887,11 @@
     mConfig.outputCfg.format = EFFECT_BUFFER_FORMAT;
 
     // Don't use sample rate for thread if effect isn't offloadable.
-    if ((thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD) && !isOffloaded()) {
+    if (mCallback->isOffloadOrDirect() && !isOffloaded()) {
         mConfig.inputCfg.samplingRate = DEFAULT_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE;
         ALOGV("Overriding effect input as 48kHz");
     } else {
-        mConfig.inputCfg.samplingRate = thread->sampleRate();
+        mConfig.inputCfg.samplingRate = mCallback->sampleRate();
     }
     mConfig.outputCfg.samplingRate = mConfig.inputCfg.samplingRate;
     mConfig.inputCfg.bufferProvider.cookie = NULL;
@@ -637,7 +902,7 @@
     mConfig.outputCfg.bufferProvider.releaseBuffer = NULL;
     mConfig.inputCfg.accessMode = EFFECT_BUFFER_ACCESS_READ;
     // Insert effect:
-    // - in session AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX or AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE,
+    // - in global sessions (e.g AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX),
     // always overwrites output buffer: input buffer == output buffer
     // - in other sessions:
     //      last effect in the chain accumulates in output buffer: input buffer != output buffer
@@ -652,11 +917,13 @@
     }
     mConfig.inputCfg.mask = EFFECT_CONFIG_ALL;
     mConfig.outputCfg.mask = EFFECT_CONFIG_ALL;
-    mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.frameCount = thread->frameCount();
+    mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.frameCount = mCallback->frameCount();
     mConfig.outputCfg.buffer.frameCount = mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.frameCount;
 
-    ALOGV("configure() %p thread %p buffer %p framecount %zu",
-            this, thread.get(), mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.raw, mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.frameCount);
+    ALOGV("configure() %p chain %p buffer %p framecount %zu",
+            this, mCallback->chain().promote() != nullptr ? mCallback->chain().promote().get() :
+                                                            nullptr,
+              mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.raw, mConfig.inputCfg.buffer.frameCount);
 
     status_t cmdStatus;
     size = sizeof(int);
@@ -671,7 +938,7 @@
 
 #ifdef MULTICHANNEL_EFFECT_CHAIN
     if (status != NO_ERROR &&
-            thread->isOutput() &&
+            mCallback->isOutput() &&
             (mConfig.inputCfg.channels != AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO
                     || mConfig.outputCfg.channels != AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO)) {
         // Older effects may require exact STEREO position mask.
@@ -738,11 +1005,7 @@
             size = sizeof(int);
             *(int32_t *)p->data = VISUALIZER_PARAM_LATENCY;
 
-            uint32_t latency = 0;
-            PlaybackThread *pbt = thread->mAudioFlinger->checkPlaybackThread_l(thread->mId);
-            if (pbt != NULL) {
-                latency = pbt->latency_l();
-            }
+            uint32_t latency = mCallback->latency();
 
             *((int32_t *)p->data + 1)= latency;
             mEffectInterface->command(EFFECT_CMD_SET_PARAM,
@@ -789,31 +1052,20 @@
 {
     if ((mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC ||
          (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
-        sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-        if (thread != 0) {
-            sp<StreamHalInterface> stream = thread->stream();
-            if (stream != 0) {
-                status_t result = stream->addEffect(mEffectInterface);
-                ALOGE_IF(result != OK, "Error when adding effect: %d", result);
-            }
-        }
+        (void)mCallback->addEffectToHal(mEffectInterface);
     }
 }
 
 // start() must be called with PlaybackThread::mLock or EffectChain::mLock held
 status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::start()
 {
-    sp<EffectChain> chain;
     status_t status;
     {
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
         status = start_l();
-        if (status == NO_ERROR) {
-            chain = mChain.promote();
-        }
     }
-    if (chain != 0) {
-        chain->resetVolume_l();
+    if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+        mCallback->resetVolume();
     }
     return status;
 }
@@ -860,11 +1112,10 @@
     uint32_t size = sizeof(status_t);
 
     if (isVolumeControl() && isOffloadedOrDirect()) {
-        sp<EffectChain>chain = mChain.promote();
         // We have the EffectChain and EffectModule lock, permit a reentrant call to setVolume:
         // resetVolume_l --> setVolume_l --> EffectModule::setVolume
         mSetVolumeReentrantTid = gettid();
-        chain->resetVolume_l();
+        mCallback->resetVolume();
         mSetVolumeReentrantTid = INVALID_PID;
     }
 
@@ -877,7 +1128,7 @@
         status = cmdStatus;
     }
     if (status == NO_ERROR) {
-        status = remove_effect_from_hal_l();
+        status = removeEffectFromHal_l();
     }
     return status;
 }
@@ -886,25 +1137,18 @@
 void AudioFlinger::EffectModule::release_l()
 {
     if (mEffectInterface != 0) {
-        remove_effect_from_hal_l();
+        removeEffectFromHal_l();
         // release effect engine
         mEffectInterface->close();
         mEffectInterface.clear();
     }
 }
 
-status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::remove_effect_from_hal_l()
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::removeEffectFromHal_l()
 {
     if ((mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC ||
              (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
-        sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-        if (thread != 0) {
-            sp<StreamHalInterface> stream = thread->stream();
-            if (stream != 0) {
-                status_t result = stream->removeEffect(mEffectInterface);
-                ALOGE_IF(result != OK, "Error when removing effect: %d", result);
-            }
-        }
+        mCallback->removeEffectFromHal(mEffectInterface);
     }
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
@@ -994,70 +1238,6 @@
     return status;
 }
 
-status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::setEnabled(bool enabled)
-{
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    return setEnabled_l(enabled);
-}
-
-// must be called with EffectModule::mLock held
-status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::setEnabled_l(bool enabled)
-{
-
-    ALOGV("setEnabled %p enabled %d", this, enabled);
-
-    if (enabled != isEnabled()) {
-        switch (mState) {
-        // going from disabled to enabled
-        case IDLE:
-            mState = STARTING;
-            break;
-        case STOPPED:
-            mState = RESTART;
-            break;
-        case STOPPING:
-            mState = ACTIVE;
-            break;
-
-        // going from enabled to disabled
-        case RESTART:
-            mState = STOPPED;
-            break;
-        case STARTING:
-            mState = IDLE;
-            break;
-        case ACTIVE:
-            mState = STOPPING;
-            break;
-        case DESTROYED:
-            return NO_ERROR; // simply ignore as we are being destroyed
-        }
-        for (size_t i = 1; i < mHandles.size(); i++) {
-            EffectHandle *h = mHandles[i];
-            if (h != NULL && !h->disconnected()) {
-                h->setEnabled(enabled);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::isEnabled() const
-{
-    switch (mState) {
-    case RESTART:
-    case STARTING:
-    case ACTIVE:
-        return true;
-    case IDLE:
-    case STOPPING:
-    case STOPPED:
-    case DESTROYED:
-    default:
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
 bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::isProcessEnabled() const
 {
     if (mStatus != NO_ERROR) {
@@ -1080,7 +1260,7 @@
 
 bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::isOffloadedOrDirect() const
 {
-    return (mThreadType == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || mThreadType == ThreadBase::DIRECT);
+    return mCallback->isOffloadOrDirect();
 }
 
 bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::isVolumeControlEnabled() const
@@ -1124,9 +1304,7 @@
                 || size > mInConversionBuffer->getSize())) {
             mInConversionBuffer.clear();
             ALOGV("%s: allocating mInConversionBuffer %zu", __func__, size);
-            sp<AudioFlinger> audioFlinger = mAudioFlinger.promote();
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(audioFlinger == nullptr, "EM could not retrieved audioFlinger");
-            (void)audioFlinger->mEffectsFactoryHal->allocateBuffer(size, &mInConversionBuffer);
+            (void)mCallback->allocateHalBuffer(size, &mInConversionBuffer);
         }
         if (mInConversionBuffer.get() != nullptr) {
             mInConversionBuffer->setFrameCount(inFrameCount);
@@ -1170,9 +1348,7 @@
                 || size > mOutConversionBuffer->getSize())) {
             mOutConversionBuffer.clear();
             ALOGV("%s: allocating mOutConversionBuffer %zu", __func__, size);
-            sp<AudioFlinger> audioFlinger = mAudioFlinger.promote();
-            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(audioFlinger == nullptr, "EM could not retrieved audioFlinger");
-            (void)audioFlinger->mEffectsFactoryHal->allocateBuffer(size, &mOutConversionBuffer);
+            (void)mCallback->allocateHalBuffer(size, &mOutConversionBuffer);
         }
         if (mOutConversionBuffer.get() != nullptr) {
             mOutConversionBuffer->setFrameCount(outFrameCount);
@@ -1220,14 +1396,10 @@
 
 void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::setVolumeForOutput_l(uint32_t left, uint32_t right)
 {
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-    if (thread != 0 &&
-        (thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || thread->type() == ThreadBase::DIRECT) &&
-        !isNonOffloadableEnabled_l()) {
-        PlaybackThread *t = (PlaybackThread *)thread.get();
+    if (mEffectCallback->isOffloadOrDirect() && !isNonOffloadableEnabled_l()) {
         float vol_l = (float)left / (1 << 24);
         float vol_r = (float)right / (1 << 24);
-        t->setVolumeForOutput_l(vol_l, vol_r);
+        mEffectCallback->setVolumeForOutput(vol_l, vol_r);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1307,30 +1479,6 @@
     return status;
 }
 
-void AudioFlinger::EffectModule::setSuspended(bool suspended)
-{
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    mSuspended = suspended;
-}
-
-bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::suspended() const
-{
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    return mSuspended;
-}
-
-bool AudioFlinger::EffectModule::purgeHandles()
-{
-    bool enabled = false;
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    EffectHandle *handle = controlHandle_l();
-    if (handle != NULL) {
-        enabled = handle->enabled();
-    }
-    mHandles.clear();
-    return enabled;
-}
-
 status_t AudioFlinger::EffectModule::setOffloaded(bool offloaded, audio_io_handle_t io)
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
@@ -1370,111 +1518,6 @@
     return mOffloaded;
 }
 
-String8 effectFlagsToString(uint32_t flags) {
-    String8 s;
-
-    s.append("conn. mode: ");
-    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) {
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_INSERT: s.append("insert"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_AUXILIARY: s.append("auxiliary"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_REPLACE: s.append("replace"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC: s.append("preproc"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC: s.append("postproc"); break;
-    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-    }
-    s.append(", ");
-
-    s.append("insert pref: ");
-    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_MASK) {
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_ANY: s.append("any"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_FIRST: s.append("first"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_LAST: s.append("last"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_EXCLUSIVE: s.append("exclusive"); break;
-    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-    }
-    s.append(", ");
-
-    s.append("volume mgmt: ");
-    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MASK) {
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_NONE: s.append("none"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_CTRL: s.append("implements control"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_IND: s.append("requires indication"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MONITOR: s.append("monitors volume"); break;
-    default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-    }
-    s.append(", ");
-
-    uint32_t devind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_DEVICE_MASK;
-    if (devind) {
-        s.append("device indication: ");
-        switch (devind) {
-        case EFFECT_FLAG_DEVICE_IND: s.append("requires updates"); break;
-        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-        }
-        s.append(", ");
-    }
-
-    s.append("input mode: ");
-    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_MASK) {
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_DIRECT: s.append("direct"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_PROVIDER: s.append("provider"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_INPUT_BOTH: s.append("direct+provider"); break;
-    default: s.append("not set"); break;
-    }
-    s.append(", ");
-
-    s.append("output mode: ");
-    switch (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_MASK) {
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_DIRECT: s.append("direct"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_PROVIDER: s.append("provider"); break;
-    case EFFECT_FLAG_OUTPUT_BOTH: s.append("direct+provider"); break;
-    default: s.append("not set"); break;
-    }
-    s.append(", ");
-
-    uint32_t accel = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_MASK;
-    if (accel) {
-        s.append("hardware acceleration: ");
-        switch (accel) {
-        case EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_SIMPLE: s.append("non-tunneled"); break;
-        case EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL: s.append("tunneled"); break;
-        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-        }
-        s.append(", ");
-    }
-
-    uint32_t modeind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_MODE_MASK;
-    if (modeind) {
-        s.append("mode indication: ");
-        switch (modeind) {
-        case EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_MODE_IND: s.append("required"); break;
-        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-        }
-        s.append(", ");
-    }
-
-    uint32_t srcind = flags & EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_SOURCE_MASK;
-    if (srcind) {
-        s.append("source indication: ");
-        switch (srcind) {
-        case EFFECT_FLAG_AUDIO_SOURCE_IND: s.append("required"); break;
-        default: s.append("unknown/reserved"); break;
-        }
-        s.append(", ");
-    }
-
-    if (flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OFFLOAD_MASK) {
-        s.append("offloadable, ");
-    }
-
-    int len = s.length();
-    if (s.length() > 2) {
-        (void) s.lockBuffer(len);
-        s.unlockBuffer(len - 2);
-    }
-    return s;
-}
-
 static std::string dumpInOutBuffer(bool isInput, const sp<EffectBufferHalInterface> &buffer) {
     std::stringstream ss;
 
@@ -1490,38 +1533,16 @@
     return ss.str();
 }
 
-void AudioFlinger::EffectModule::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args __unused)
+void AudioFlinger::EffectModule::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args)
 {
+    EffectBase::dump(fd, args);
+
     String8 result;
-
-    result.appendFormat("\tEffect ID %d:\n", mId);
-
     bool locked = AudioFlinger::dumpTryLock(mLock);
-    // failed to lock - AudioFlinger is probably deadlocked
-    if (!locked) {
-        result.append("\t\tCould not lock Fx mutex:\n");
-    }
 
-    result.append("\t\tSession Status State Registered Enabled Suspended Engine:\n");
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t%05d   %03d    %03d   %s          %s       %s         %p\n",
-            mSessionId, mStatus, mState, mPolicyRegistered ? "y" : "n", mPolicyEnabled ? "y" : "n",
-            mSuspended ? "y" : "n", mEffectInterface.get());
-
-    result.append("\t\tDescriptor:\n");
-    char uuidStr[64];
-    AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.uuid, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t- UUID: %s\n", uuidStr);
-    AudioEffect::guidToString(&mDescriptor.type, uuidStr, sizeof(uuidStr));
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t- TYPE: %s\n", uuidStr);
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t- apiVersion: %08X\n\t\t- flags: %08X (%s)\n",
-            mDescriptor.apiVersion,
-            mDescriptor.flags,
-            effectFlagsToString(mDescriptor.flags).string());
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t- name: %s\n",
-            mDescriptor.name);
-
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t- implementor: %s\n",
-            mDescriptor.implementor);
+    result.append("\t\tStatus Engine:\n");
+    result.appendFormat("\t\t%03d    %p\n",
+            mStatus, mEffectInterface.get());
 
     result.appendFormat("\t\t- data: %s\n", mSupportsFloat ? "float" : "int16");
 
@@ -1555,17 +1576,6 @@
             dumpInOutBuffer(false /* isInput */, mOutConversionBuffer).c_str());
 #endif
 
-    result.appendFormat("\t\t%zu Clients:\n", mHandles.size());
-    result.append("\t\t\t  Pid Priority Ctrl Locked client server\n");
-    char buffer[256];
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mHandles.size(); ++i) {
-        EffectHandle *handle = mHandles[i];
-        if (handle != NULL && !handle->disconnected()) {
-            handle->dumpToBuffer(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
-            result.append(buffer);
-        }
-    }
-
     write(fd, result.string(), result.length());
 
     if (mEffectInterface != 0) {
@@ -1585,7 +1595,7 @@
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::EffectHandle"
 
-AudioFlinger::EffectHandle::EffectHandle(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
+AudioFlinger::EffectHandle::EffectHandle(const sp<EffectBase>& effect,
                                         const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
                                         const sp<IEffectClient>& effectClient,
                                         int32_t priority)
@@ -1593,7 +1603,7 @@
     mEffect(effect), mEffectClient(effectClient), mClient(client), mCblk(NULL),
     mPriority(priority), mHasControl(false), mEnabled(false), mDisconnected(false)
 {
-    ALOGV("constructor %p", this);
+    ALOGV("constructor %p client %p", this, client.get());
 
     if (client == 0) {
         return;
@@ -1626,7 +1636,7 @@
 {
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
     ALOGV("enable %p", this);
-    sp<EffectModule> effect = mEffect.promote();
+    sp<EffectBase> effect = mEffect.promote();
     if (effect == 0 || mDisconnected) {
         return DEAD_OBJECT;
     }
@@ -1646,38 +1656,16 @@
         return status;
     }
 
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = effect->thread().promote();
-    if (thread != 0) {
-        thread->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, true, effect->sessionId());
-    }
+    effect->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(true, false /*threadLocked*/);
 
     // checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled() can suspend this same effect when enabled
     if (effect->suspended()) {
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
 
-    status = effect->setEnabled(true);
+    status = effect->setEnabled(true, true /*fromHandle*/);
     if (status != NO_ERROR) {
-        if (thread != 0) {
-            thread->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, false, effect->sessionId());
-        }
         mEnabled = false;
-    } else {
-        if (thread != 0) {
-            if (thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || thread->type() == ThreadBase::MMAP) {
-                Mutex::Autolock _l(thread->mLock);
-                thread->broadcast_l();
-            }
-            if (!effect->isOffloadable()) {
-                if (thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD) {
-                    PlaybackThread *t = (PlaybackThread *)thread.get();
-                    t->invalidateTracks(AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC);
-                }
-                if (effect->sessionId() == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
-                    thread->mAudioFlinger->onNonOffloadableGlobalEffectEnable();
-                }
-            }
-        }
     }
     return status;
 }
@@ -1686,7 +1674,7 @@
 {
     ALOGV("disable %p", this);
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
-    sp<EffectModule> effect = mEffect.promote();
+    sp<EffectBase> effect = mEffect.promote();
     if (effect == 0 || mDisconnected) {
         return DEAD_OBJECT;
     }
@@ -1705,17 +1693,7 @@
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
 
-    status_t status = effect->setEnabled(false);
-
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = effect->thread().promote();
-    if (thread != 0) {
-        thread->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, false, effect->sessionId());
-        if (thread->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || thread->type() == ThreadBase::MMAP) {
-            Mutex::Autolock _l(thread->mLock);
-            thread->broadcast_l();
-        }
-    }
-
+    status_t status = effect->setEnabled(false, true /*fromHandle*/);
     return status;
 }
 
@@ -1737,12 +1715,9 @@
     }
     mDisconnected = true;
     {
-        sp<EffectModule> effect = mEffect.promote();
+        sp<EffectBase> effect = mEffect.promote();
         if (effect != 0) {
-            sp<ThreadBase> thread = effect->thread().promote();
-            if (thread != 0) {
-                thread->disconnectEffectHandle(this, unpinIfLast);
-            } else if (effect->disconnectHandle(this, unpinIfLast) > 0) {
+            if (effect->disconnectHandle(this, unpinIfLast) > 0) {
                 ALOGW("%s Effect handle %p disconnected after thread destruction",
                     __func__, this);
             }
@@ -1808,7 +1783,7 @@
     }
 
     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
-    sp<EffectModule> effect = mEffect.promote();
+    sp<EffectBase> effect = mEffect.promote();
     if (effect == 0 || mDisconnected) {
         return DEAD_OBJECT;
     }
@@ -1816,12 +1791,13 @@
     if (!mHasControl && cmdCode != EFFECT_CMD_GET_PARAM) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
-    if (mClient == 0) {
-        return INVALID_OPERATION;
-    }
 
     // handle commands that are not forwarded transparently to effect engine
     if (cmdCode == EFFECT_CMD_SET_PARAM_COMMIT) {
+        if (mClient == 0) {
+            return INVALID_OPERATION;
+        }
+
         if (*replySize < sizeof(int)) {
             android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "32095713");
             return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -1856,12 +1832,13 @@
             }
 
             // copy to local memory in case of client corruption b/32220769
-            param = (effect_param_t *)realloc(param, size);
-            if (param == NULL) {
+            auto *newParam = (effect_param_t *)realloc(param, size);
+            if (newParam == NULL) {
                 ALOGW("command(): out of memory");
                 status = NO_MEMORY;
                 break;
             }
+            param = newParam;
             memcpy(param, p, size);
 
             int reply = 0;
@@ -1962,12 +1939,13 @@
 
 AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectChain(ThreadBase *thread,
                                         audio_session_t sessionId)
-    : mThread(thread), mSessionId(sessionId), mActiveTrackCnt(0), mTrackCnt(0), mTailBufferCount(0),
+    : mSessionId(sessionId), mActiveTrackCnt(0), mTrackCnt(0), mTailBufferCount(0),
       mVolumeCtrlIdx(-1), mLeftVolume(UINT_MAX), mRightVolume(UINT_MAX),
-      mNewLeftVolume(UINT_MAX), mNewRightVolume(UINT_MAX)
+      mNewLeftVolume(UINT_MAX), mNewRightVolume(UINT_MAX),
+      mEffectCallback(new EffectCallback(this, thread, thread->mAudioFlinger.get()))
 {
     mStrategy = AudioSystem::getStrategyForStream(AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC);
-    if (thread == NULL) {
+    if (thread == nullptr) {
         return;
     }
     mMaxTailBuffers = ((kProcessTailDurationMs * thread->sampleRate()) / 1000) /
@@ -2033,43 +2011,30 @@
 void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::clearInputBuffer()
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-    if (thread == 0) {
-        ALOGW("clearInputBuffer(): cannot promote mixer thread");
-        return;
-    }
-    clearInputBuffer_l(thread);
+    clearInputBuffer_l();
 }
 
 // Must be called with EffectChain::mLock locked
-void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::clearInputBuffer_l(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread)
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::clearInputBuffer_l()
 {
     if (mInBuffer == NULL) {
         return;
     }
     const size_t frameSize =
-            audio_bytes_per_sample(EFFECT_BUFFER_FORMAT) * thread->channelCount();
+            audio_bytes_per_sample(EFFECT_BUFFER_FORMAT) * mEffectCallback->channelCount();
 
-    memset(mInBuffer->audioBuffer()->raw, 0, thread->frameCount() * frameSize);
+    memset(mInBuffer->audioBuffer()->raw, 0, mEffectCallback->frameCount() * frameSize);
     mInBuffer->commit();
 }
 
 // Must be called with EffectChain::mLock locked
 void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::process_l()
 {
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-    if (thread == 0) {
-        ALOGW("process_l(): cannot promote mixer thread");
-        return;
-    }
-    bool isGlobalSession = (mSessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) ||
-            (mSessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE);
     // never process effects when:
     // - on an OFFLOAD thread
     // - no more tracks are on the session and the effect tail has been rendered
-    bool doProcess = (thread->type() != ThreadBase::OFFLOAD)
-                  && (thread->type() != ThreadBase::MMAP);
-    if (!isGlobalSession) {
+    bool doProcess = !mEffectCallback->isOffloadOrMmap();
+    if (!audio_is_global_session(mSessionId)) {
         bool tracksOnSession = (trackCnt() != 0);
 
         if (!tracksOnSession && mTailBufferCount == 0) {
@@ -2080,7 +2045,7 @@
             // if no track is active and the effect tail has not been rendered,
             // the input buffer must be cleared here as the mixer process will not do it
             if (tracksOnSession || mTailBufferCount > 0) {
-                clearInputBuffer_l(thread);
+                clearInputBuffer_l();
                 if (mTailBufferCount > 0) {
                     mTailBufferCount--;
                 }
@@ -2116,14 +2081,13 @@
 
 // createEffect_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
 status_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::createEffect_l(sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                                   ThreadBase *thread,
                                                    effect_descriptor_t *desc,
                                                    int id,
                                                    audio_session_t sessionId,
                                                    bool pinned)
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    effect = new EffectModule(thread, this, desc, id, sessionId, pinned);
+    effect = new EffectModule(mEffectCallback, desc, id, sessionId, pinned, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE);
     status_t lStatus = effect->status();
     if (lStatus == NO_ERROR) {
         lStatus = addEffect_ll(effect);
@@ -2146,12 +2110,7 @@
     effect_descriptor_t desc = effect->desc();
     uint32_t insertPref = desc.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_INSERT_MASK;
 
-    effect->setChain(this);
-    sp<ThreadBase> thread = mThread.promote();
-    if (thread == 0) {
-        return NO_INIT;
-    }
-    effect->setThread(thread);
+    effect->setCallback(mEffectCallback);
 
     if ((desc.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_AUXILIARY) {
         // Auxiliary effects are inserted at the beginning of mEffects vector as
@@ -2162,13 +2121,13 @@
         // 32 bit format. This is to avoid saturation in AudoMixer
         // accumulation stage. Saturation is done in EffectModule::process() before
         // calling the process in effect engine
-        size_t numSamples = thread->frameCount();
+        size_t numSamples = mEffectCallback->frameCount();
         sp<EffectBufferHalInterface> halBuffer;
 #ifdef FLOAT_EFFECT_CHAIN
-        status_t result = thread->mAudioFlinger->mEffectsFactoryHal->allocateBuffer(
+        status_t result = mEffectCallback->allocateHalBuffer(
                 numSamples * sizeof(float), &halBuffer);
 #else
-        status_t result = thread->mAudioFlinger->mEffectsFactoryHal->allocateBuffer(
+        status_t result = mEffectCallback->allocateHalBuffer(
                 numSamples * sizeof(int32_t), &halBuffer);
 #endif
         if (result != OK) return result;
@@ -2486,7 +2445,7 @@
             if (effect != 0) {
                 desc->mEffect = effect;
                 effect->setSuspended(true);
-                effect->setEnabled(false);
+                effect->setEnabled(false, false /*fromHandle*/);
             }
         }
     } else {
@@ -2644,7 +2603,7 @@
         // if effect is requested to suspended but was not yet enabled, suspend it now.
         if (desc->mEffect == 0) {
             desc->mEffect = effect;
-            effect->setEnabled(false);
+            effect->setEnabled(false, false /*fromHandle*/);
             effect->setSuspended(true);
         }
     } else {
@@ -2679,10 +2638,7 @@
 void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::setThread(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread)
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    mThread = thread;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEffects.size(); i++) {
-        mEffects[i]->setThread(thread);
-    }
+    mEffectCallback->setThread(thread.get());
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::checkOutputFlagCompatibility(audio_output_flags_t *flags) const
@@ -2742,4 +2698,549 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+// EffectCallbackInterface implementation
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::createEffectHal(
+        const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId,
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) {
+    status_t status = NO_INIT;
+    sp<AudioFlinger> af = mAudioFlinger.promote();
+    if (af == nullptr) {
+        return status;
+    }
+    sp<EffectsFactoryHalInterface> effectsFactory = af->getEffectsFactory();
+    if (effectsFactory != 0) {
+        status = effectsFactory->createEffect(pEffectUuid, sessionId, io(), deviceId, effect);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::updateOrphanEffectChains(
+        const sp<AudioFlinger::EffectBase>& effect) {
+    sp<AudioFlinger> af = mAudioFlinger.promote();
+    if (af == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // in EffectChain context, an EffectBase is always from an EffectModule so static cast is safe
+    return af->updateOrphanEffectChains(effect->asEffectModule());
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::allocateHalBuffer(
+        size_t size, sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>* buffer) {
+    sp<AudioFlinger> af = mAudioFlinger.promote();
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(af == nullptr, "allocateHalBuffer() could not retrieved audio flinger");
+    return af->mEffectsFactoryHal->allocateBuffer(size, buffer);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::addEffectToHal(
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    status_t result = NO_INIT;
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return result;
+    }
+    sp <StreamHalInterface> st = t->stream();
+    if (st == nullptr) {
+        return result;
+    }
+    result = st->addEffect(effect);
+    ALOGE_IF(result != OK, "Error when adding effect: %d", result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::removeEffectFromHal(
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    status_t result = NO_INIT;
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return result;
+    }
+    sp <StreamHalInterface> st = t->stream();
+    if (st == nullptr) {
+        return result;
+    }
+    result = st->removeEffect(effect);
+    ALOGE_IF(result != OK, "Error when removing effect: %d", result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+audio_io_handle_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::io() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
+    }
+    return t->id();
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::isOutput() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return t->isOutput();
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::isOffload() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return t->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD;
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::isOffloadOrDirect() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return t->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || t->type() == ThreadBase::DIRECT;
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::isOffloadOrMmap() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return t->type() == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD || t->type() == ThreadBase::MMAP;
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::sampleRate() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return t->sampleRate();
+}
+
+audio_channel_mask_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::channelMask() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return AUDIO_CHANNEL_NONE;
+    }
+    return t->channelMask();
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::channelCount() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return t->channelCount();
+}
+
+size_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::frameCount() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return t->frameCount();
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::latency() const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return t->latency_l();
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::setVolumeForOutput(float left, float right) const {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    t->setVolumeForOutput_l(left, right);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(
+        const sp<EffectBase>& effect, bool enabled, bool threadLocked) {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    t->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(enabled, effect->sessionId(), threadLocked);
+
+    sp<EffectChain> c = mChain.promote();
+    if (c == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    // in EffectChain context, an EffectBase is always from an EffectModule so static cast is safe
+    c->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect->asEffectModule(), enabled);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    // in EffectChain context, an EffectBase is always from an EffectModule so static cast is safe
+    t->onEffectEnable(effect->asEffectModule());
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::onEffectDisable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) {
+    checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, false, false /*threadLocked*/);
+
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    t->onEffectDisable();
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::disconnectEffectHandle(EffectHandle *handle,
+                                                      bool unpinIfLast) {
+    sp<ThreadBase> t = mThread.promote();
+    if (t == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    t->disconnectEffectHandle(handle, unpinIfLast);
+    return true;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::resetVolume() {
+    sp<EffectChain> c = mChain.promote();
+    if (c == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    c->resetVolume_l();
+
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::strategy() const {
+    sp<EffectChain> c = mChain.promote();
+    if (c == nullptr) {
+        return PRODUCT_STRATEGY_NONE;
+    }
+    return c->strategy();
+}
+
+int32_t AudioFlinger::EffectChain::EffectCallback::activeTrackCnt() const {
+    sp<EffectChain> c = mChain.promote();
+    if (c == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return c->activeTrackCnt();
+}
+
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy"
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::setEnabled(bool enabled, bool fromHandle)
+{
+    status_t status = EffectBase::setEnabled(enabled, fromHandle);
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mProxyLock);
+    if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+        for (auto& handle : mEffectHandles) {
+            if (enabled) {
+                status = handle.second->enable();
+            } else {
+                status = handle.second->disable();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    ALOGV("%s enable %d status %d", __func__, enabled, status);
+    return status;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::init(
+        const std::map <audio_patch_handle_t, PatchPanel::Patch>& patches) {
+//For all audio patches
+//If src or sink device match
+//If the effect is HW accelerated
+//	if no corresponding effect module
+//		Create EffectModule: mHalEffect
+//Create and attach EffectHandle
+//If the effect is not HW accelerated and the patch sink or src is a mixer port
+//	Create Effect on patch input or output thread on session -1
+//Add EffectHandle to EffectHandle map of Effect Proxy:
+    ALOGV("%s device type %d address %s", __func__,  mDevice.mType, mDevice.getAddress());
+    status_t status = NO_ERROR;
+    for (auto &patch : patches) {
+        status = onCreatePatch(patch.first, patch.second);
+        ALOGV("%s onCreatePatch status %d", __func__, status);
+        if (status == BAD_VALUE) {
+            return status;
+        }
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::onCreatePatch(
+        audio_patch_handle_t patchHandle, const AudioFlinger::PatchPanel::Patch& patch) {
+    status_t status = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    sp<EffectHandle> handle;
+    // only consider source[0] as this is the only "true" source of a patch
+    status = checkPort(patch, &patch.mAudioPatch.sources[0], &handle);
+    ALOGV("%s source checkPort status %d", __func__, status);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < patch.mAudioPatch.num_sinks && status == NAME_NOT_FOUND; i++) {
+        status = checkPort(patch, &patch.mAudioPatch.sinks[i], &handle);
+        ALOGV("%s sink %d checkPort status %d", __func__, i, status);
+    }
+    if (status == NO_ERROR || status == ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mProxyLock);
+        mEffectHandles.emplace(patchHandle, handle);
+    }
+    ALOGW_IF(status == BAD_VALUE,
+            "%s cannot attach effect %s on patch %d", __func__, mDescriptor.name, patchHandle);
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::checkPort(const PatchPanel::Patch& patch,
+        const struct audio_port_config *port, sp <EffectHandle> *handle) {
+
+    ALOGV("%s type %d device type %d address %s device ID %d patch.isSoftware() %d",
+            __func__, port->type, port->ext.device.type,
+            port->ext.device.address, port->id, patch.isSoftware());
+    if (port->type != AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE || port->ext.device.type != mDevice.mType
+        || port->ext.device.address != mDevice.mAddress) {
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    }
+    status_t status = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    if (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL) {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mProxyLock);
+        mDevicePort = *port;
+        mHalEffect = new EffectModule(mMyCallback,
+                                      const_cast<effect_descriptor_t *>(&mDescriptor),
+                                      mMyCallback->newEffectId(), AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE,
+                                      false /* pinned */, port->id);
+        if (audio_is_input_device(mDevice.mType)) {
+            mHalEffect->setInputDevice(mDevice);
+        } else {
+            mHalEffect->setDevices({mDevice});
+        }
+        *handle = new EffectHandle(mHalEffect, nullptr, nullptr, 0 /*priority*/);
+        status = (*handle)->initCheck();
+        if (status == OK) {
+            status = mHalEffect->addHandle((*handle).get());
+        } else {
+            mHalEffect.clear();
+            mDevicePort.id = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
+        }
+    } else if (patch.isSoftware() || patch.thread().promote() != nullptr) {
+        sp <ThreadBase> thread;
+        if (audio_port_config_has_input_direction(port)) {
+            if (patch.isSoftware()) {
+                thread = patch.mRecord.thread();
+            } else {
+                thread = patch.thread().promote();
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (patch.isSoftware()) {
+                thread = patch.mPlayback.thread();
+            } else {
+                thread = patch.thread().promote();
+            }
+        }
+        int enabled;
+        *handle = thread->createEffect_l(nullptr, nullptr, 0, AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE,
+                                         const_cast<effect_descriptor_t *>(&mDescriptor),
+                                         &enabled, &status, false);
+        ALOGV("%s thread->createEffect_l status %d", __func__, status);
+    } else {
+        status = BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    if (status == NO_ERROR || status == ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+        if (isEnabled()) {
+            (*handle)->enable();
+        } else {
+            (*handle)->disable();
+        }
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::onReleasePatch(audio_patch_handle_t patchHandle) {
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mProxyLock);
+    mEffectHandles.erase(patchHandle);
+}
+
+
+size_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::removeEffect(const sp<EffectModule>& effect)
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mProxyLock);
+    if (effect == mHalEffect) {
+        mHalEffect.clear();
+        mDevicePort.id = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
+    }
+    return mHalEffect == nullptr ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::addEffectToHal(
+    sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    if (mHalEffect == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return mManagerCallback->addEffectToHal(
+            mDevicePort.id, mDevicePort.ext.device.hw_module, effect);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::removeEffectFromHal(
+    sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    if (mHalEffect == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return mManagerCallback->removeEffectFromHal(
+            mDevicePort.id, mDevicePort.ext.device.hw_module, effect);
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::isOutput() const {
+    if (mDevicePort.id != AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE) {
+        return mDevicePort.role == AUDIO_PORT_ROLE_SINK;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::sampleRate() const {
+    if (mDevicePort.id != AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE &&
+            (mDevicePort.config_mask & AUDIO_PORT_CONFIG_SAMPLE_RATE) != 0) {
+        return mDevicePort.sample_rate;
+    }
+    return DEFAULT_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE;
+}
+
+audio_channel_mask_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::channelMask() const {
+    if (mDevicePort.id != AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE &&
+            (mDevicePort.config_mask & AUDIO_PORT_CONFIG_CHANNEL_MASK) != 0) {
+        return mDevicePort.channel_mask;
+    }
+    return AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::channelCount() const {
+    if (isOutput()) {
+        return audio_channel_count_from_out_mask(channelMask());
+    }
+    return audio_channel_count_from_in_mask(channelMask());
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::dump(int fd, int spaces) {
+    const Vector<String16> args;
+    EffectBase::dump(fd, args);
+
+    const bool locked = dumpTryLock(mProxyLock);
+    if (!locked) {
+        String8 result("DeviceEffectProxy may be deadlocked\n");
+        write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    }
+
+    String8 outStr;
+    if (mHalEffect != nullptr) {
+        outStr.appendFormat("%*sHAL Effect Id: %d\n", spaces, "", mHalEffect->id());
+    } else {
+        outStr.appendFormat("%*sNO HAL Effect\n", spaces, "");
+    }
+    write(fd, outStr.string(), outStr.size());
+    outStr.clear();
+
+    outStr.appendFormat("%*sSub Effects:\n", spaces, "");
+    write(fd, outStr.string(), outStr.size());
+    outStr.clear();
+
+    for (const auto& iter : mEffectHandles) {
+        outStr.appendFormat("%*sEffect for patch handle %d:\n", spaces + 2, "", iter.first);
+        write(fd, outStr.string(), outStr.size());
+        outStr.clear();
+        sp<EffectBase> effect = iter.second->effect().promote();
+        if (effect != nullptr) {
+            effect->dump(fd, args);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (locked) {
+        mLock.unlock();
+    }
+}
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback"
+
+int AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::newEffectId() {
+    return mManagerCallback->newEffectId();
+}
+
+
+bool AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::disconnectEffectHandle(
+        EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) {
+    sp<EffectBase> effectBase = handle->effect().promote();
+    if (effectBase == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    sp<EffectModule> effect = effectBase->asEffectModule();
+    if (effect == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // restore suspended effects if the disconnected handle was enabled and the last one.
+    bool remove = (effect->removeHandle(handle) == 0) && (!effect->isPinned() || unpinIfLast);
+    if (remove) {
+        sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+        if (proxy != nullptr) {
+            proxy->removeEffect(effect);
+        }
+        if (handle->enabled()) {
+            effectBase->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(false, false /*threadLocked*/);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::createEffectHal(
+        const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid, int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId,
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) {
+    return mManagerCallback->createEffectHal(pEffectUuid, sessionId, deviceId, effect);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::addEffectToHal(
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return proxy->addEffectToHal(effect);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::removeEffectFromHal(
+        sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return proxy->addEffectToHal(effect);
+}
+
+bool AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::isOutput() const {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return proxy->isOutput();
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::sampleRate() const {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return DEFAULT_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE;
+    }
+    return proxy->sampleRate();
+}
+
+audio_channel_mask_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::channelMask() const {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
+    }
+    return proxy->channelMask();
+}
+
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::DeviceEffectProxy::ProxyCallback::channelCount() const {
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> proxy = mProxy.promote();
+    if (proxy == nullptr) {
+        return 2;
+    }
+    return proxy->channelCount();
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Effects.h b/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
index dbf63c8..40bb226 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
@@ -21,34 +21,78 @@
 
 //--- Audio Effect Management
 
-// EffectModule and EffectChain classes both have their own mutex to protect
+// Interface implemented by the EffectModule parent or owner (e.g an EffectChain) to abstract
+// interactions between the EffectModule and the reset of the audio framework.
+class EffectCallbackInterface : public RefBase {
+public:
+            ~EffectCallbackInterface() override = default;
+
+    // Trivial methods usually implemented with help from ThreadBase
+    virtual audio_io_handle_t io() const = 0;
+    virtual bool isOutput() const = 0;
+    virtual bool isOffload() const = 0;
+    virtual bool isOffloadOrDirect() const = 0;
+    virtual bool isOffloadOrMmap() const = 0;
+    virtual uint32_t sampleRate() const = 0;
+    virtual audio_channel_mask_t channelMask() const = 0;
+    virtual uint32_t channelCount() const = 0;
+    virtual size_t frameCount() const = 0;
+
+    // Non trivial methods usually implemented with help from ThreadBase:
+    //   pay attention to mutex locking order
+    virtual uint32_t latency() const { return 0; }
+    virtual status_t addEffectToHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) = 0;
+    virtual status_t removeEffectFromHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) = 0;
+    virtual void setVolumeForOutput(float left, float right) const = 0;
+    virtual bool disconnectEffectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) = 0;
+    virtual void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectBase>& effect,
+                                             bool enabled,
+                                             bool threadLocked) = 0;
+    virtual void onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) = 0;
+    virtual void onEffectDisable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) = 0;
+
+    // Methods usually implemented with help from AudioFlinger: pay attention to mutex locking order
+    virtual status_t createEffectHal(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
+                    int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId, sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) = 0;
+    virtual status_t allocateHalBuffer(size_t size, sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>* buffer) = 0;
+    virtual bool updateOrphanEffectChains(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) = 0;
+
+    // Methods usually implemented with help from EffectChain: pay attention to mutex locking order
+    virtual uint32_t strategy() const = 0;
+    virtual int32_t activeTrackCnt() const = 0;
+    virtual void resetVolume() = 0;
+
+    virtual wp<EffectChain> chain() const = 0;
+};
+
+// EffectBase(EffectModule) and EffectChain classes both have their own mutex to protect
 // state changes or resource modifications. Always respect the following order
 // if multiple mutexes must be acquired to avoid cross deadlock:
-// AudioFlinger -> ThreadBase -> EffectChain -> EffectModule
-// AudioHandle -> ThreadBase -> EffectChain -> EffectModule
+// AudioFlinger -> ThreadBase -> EffectChain -> EffectBase(EffectModule)
+// AudioHandle -> ThreadBase -> EffectChain -> EffectBase(EffectModule)
+
+// NOTE: When implementing the EffectCallbackInterface, in an EffectChain or other, it is important
+// to pay attention to this locking order as some callback methods can be called from a state where
+// EffectModule and/or EffectChain mutexes are held.
+
 // In addition, methods that lock the AudioPolicyService mutex (getOutputForEffect(),
 // startOutput(), getInputForAttr(), releaseInput()...) should never be called with AudioFlinger or
 // Threadbase mutex locked to avoid cross deadlock with other clients calling AudioPolicyService
 // methods that in turn call AudioFlinger thus locking the same mutexes in the reverse order.
 
-// The EffectModule class is a wrapper object controlling the effect engine implementation
-// in the effect library. It prevents concurrent calls to process() and command() functions
-// from different client threads. It keeps a list of EffectHandle objects corresponding
-// to all client applications using this effect and notifies applications of effect state,
-// control or parameter changes. It manages the activation state machine to send appropriate
-// reset, enable, disable commands to effect engine and provide volume
-// ramping when effects are activated/deactivated.
-// When controlling an auxiliary effect, the EffectModule also provides an input buffer used by
-// the attached track(s) to accumulate their auxiliary channel.
-class EffectModule : public RefBase {
+
+// The EffectBase class contains common properties, state and behavior for and EffectModule or
+// other derived classes managing an audio effect instance within the effect framework.
+// It also contains the class mutex (see comment on locking order above).
+class EffectBase : public RefBase {
 public:
-    EffectModule(ThreadBase *thread,
-                    const wp<AudioFlinger::EffectChain>& chain,
-                    effect_descriptor_t *desc,
-                    int id,
-                    audio_session_t sessionId,
-                    bool pinned);
-    virtual ~EffectModule();
+    EffectBase(const sp<EffectCallbackInterface>& callback,
+               effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+               int id,
+               audio_session_t sessionId,
+               bool pinned);
+
+    ~EffectBase() override = default;
 
     enum effect_state {
         IDLE,
@@ -60,72 +104,14 @@
         DESTROYED
     };
 
-    int         id() const { return mId; }
-    void process();
-    bool updateState();
-    status_t command(uint32_t cmdCode,
-                     uint32_t cmdSize,
-                     void *pCmdData,
-                     uint32_t *replySize,
-                     void *pReplyData);
-
-    void reset_l();
-    status_t configure();
-    status_t init();
+    int id() const { return mId; }
     effect_state state() const {
         return mState;
     }
-    uint32_t status() {
-        return mStatus;
-    }
     audio_session_t sessionId() const {
         return mSessionId;
     }
-    status_t    setEnabled(bool enabled);
-    status_t    setEnabled_l(bool enabled);
-    bool isEnabled() const;
-    bool isProcessEnabled() const;
-    bool isOffloadedOrDirect() const;
-    bool isVolumeControlEnabled() const;
-
-    void        setInBuffer(const sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>& buffer);
-    int16_t     *inBuffer() const {
-        return mInBuffer != 0 ? reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(mInBuffer->ptr()) : NULL;
-    }
-    void        setOutBuffer(const sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>& buffer);
-    int16_t     *outBuffer() const {
-        return mOutBuffer != 0 ? reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(mOutBuffer->ptr()) : NULL;
-    }
-    void        setChain(const wp<EffectChain>& chain) { mChain = chain; }
-    void        setThread(const wp<ThreadBase>& thread)
-                    { mThread = thread; mThreadType = thread.promote()->type(); }
-    const wp<ThreadBase>& thread() { return mThread; }
-
-    status_t addHandle(EffectHandle *handle);
-    ssize_t  disconnectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast);
-    ssize_t removeHandle(EffectHandle *handle);
-    ssize_t removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle);
-
     const effect_descriptor_t& desc() const { return mDescriptor; }
-    wp<EffectChain>&     chain() { return mChain; }
-
-    status_t         setDevices(const AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector &devices);
-    status_t         setInputDevice(const AudioDeviceTypeAddr &device);
-    status_t         setVolume(uint32_t *left, uint32_t *right, bool controller);
-    status_t         setMode(audio_mode_t mode);
-    status_t         setAudioSource(audio_source_t source);
-    status_t         start();
-    status_t         stop();
-    void             setSuspended(bool suspended);
-    bool             suspended() const;
-
-    EffectHandle*    controlHandle_l();
-
-    bool             isPinned() const { return mPinned; }
-    void             unPin() { mPinned = false; }
-    bool             purgeHandles();
-    void             lock() { mLock.lock(); }
-    void             unlock() { mLock.unlock(); }
     bool             isOffloadable() const
                         { return (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OFFLOAD_SUPPORTED) != 0; }
     bool             isImplementationSoftware() const
@@ -138,18 +124,143 @@
     bool             isVolumeMonitor() const
                         { return (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MASK)
                             == EFFECT_FLAG_VOLUME_MONITOR; }
-    status_t         setOffloaded(bool offloaded, audio_io_handle_t io);
-    bool             isOffloaded() const;
-    void             addEffectToHal_l();
-    void             release_l();
+
+    virtual status_t setEnabled(bool enabled, bool fromHandle);
+    status_t    setEnabled_l(bool enabled);
+    bool isEnabled() const;
+
+    void             setSuspended(bool suspended);
+    bool             suspended() const;
+
+    virtual status_t command(uint32_t cmdCode __unused,
+                 uint32_t cmdSize __unused,
+                 void *pCmdData __unused,
+                 uint32_t *replySize __unused,
+                 void *pReplyData __unused) { return NO_ERROR; };
+
+    void setCallback(const sp<EffectCallbackInterface>& callback) { mCallback = callback; }
+    sp<EffectCallbackInterface>&     callback() { return mCallback; }
+
+    status_t addHandle(EffectHandle *handle);
+    ssize_t disconnectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast);
+    ssize_t removeHandle(EffectHandle *handle);
+    virtual ssize_t removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle);
+    EffectHandle* controlHandle_l();
+    bool purgeHandles();
+
+    void             checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(bool enabled, bool threadLocked);
+
+    bool             isPinned() const { return mPinned; }
+    void             unPin() { mPinned = false; }
+
+    void             lock() { mLock.lock(); }
+    void             unlock() { mLock.unlock(); }
 
     status_t         updatePolicyState();
 
+    virtual          sp<EffectModule> asEffectModule() { return nullptr; }
+    virtual          sp<DeviceEffectProxy> asDeviceEffectProxy() { return nullptr; }
+
     void             dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
 
 private:
     friend class AudioFlinger;      // for mHandles
-    bool                mPinned;
+    bool             mPinned = false;
+
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EffectBase);
+
+mutable Mutex                 mLock;      // mutex for process, commands and handles list protection
+    sp<EffectCallbackInterface> mCallback; // parent effect chain
+    const int                 mId;        // this instance unique ID
+    const audio_session_t     mSessionId; // audio session ID
+    const effect_descriptor_t mDescriptor;// effect descriptor received from effect engine
+    effect_state              mState = IDLE; // current activation state
+    // effect is suspended: temporarily disabled by framework
+    bool                      mSuspended = false;
+
+    Vector<EffectHandle *>    mHandles;   // list of client handles
+                // First handle in mHandles has highest priority and controls the effect module
+
+    // Audio policy effect state management
+    // Mutex protecting transactions with audio policy manager as mLock cannot
+    // be held to avoid cross deadlocks with audio policy mutex
+    Mutex                     mPolicyLock;
+    // Effect is registered in APM or not
+    bool                      mPolicyRegistered = false;
+    // Effect enabled state communicated to APM. Enabled state corresponds to
+    // state requested by the EffectHandle with control
+    bool                      mPolicyEnabled = false;
+};
+
+// The EffectModule class is a wrapper object controlling the effect engine implementation
+// in the effect library. It prevents concurrent calls to process() and command() functions
+// from different client threads. It keeps a list of EffectHandle objects corresponding
+// to all client applications using this effect and notifies applications of effect state,
+// control or parameter changes. It manages the activation state machine to send appropriate
+// reset, enable, disable commands to effect engine and provide volume
+// ramping when effects are activated/deactivated.
+// When controlling an auxiliary effect, the EffectModule also provides an input buffer used by
+// the attached track(s) to accumulate their auxiliary channel.
+class EffectModule : public EffectBase {
+public:
+    EffectModule(const sp<EffectCallbackInterface>& callabck,
+                    effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+                    int id,
+                    audio_session_t sessionId,
+                    bool pinned,
+                    audio_port_handle_t deviceId);
+    virtual ~EffectModule();
+
+    void process();
+    bool updateState();
+    status_t command(uint32_t cmdCode,
+                     uint32_t cmdSize,
+                     void *pCmdData,
+                     uint32_t *replySize,
+                     void *pReplyData) override;
+
+    void reset_l();
+    status_t configure();
+    status_t init();
+
+    uint32_t status() {
+        return mStatus;
+    }
+
+    bool isProcessEnabled() const;
+    bool isOffloadedOrDirect() const;
+    bool isVolumeControlEnabled() const;
+
+    void        setInBuffer(const sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>& buffer);
+    int16_t     *inBuffer() const {
+        return mInBuffer != 0 ? reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(mInBuffer->ptr()) : NULL;
+    }
+    void        setOutBuffer(const sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>& buffer);
+    int16_t     *outBuffer() const {
+        return mOutBuffer != 0 ? reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(mOutBuffer->ptr()) : NULL;
+    }
+
+    ssize_t removeHandle_l(EffectHandle *handle) override;
+
+    status_t         setDevices(const AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector &devices);
+    status_t         setInputDevice(const AudioDeviceTypeAddr &device);
+    status_t         setVolume(uint32_t *left, uint32_t *right, bool controller);
+    status_t         setMode(audio_mode_t mode);
+    status_t         setAudioSource(audio_source_t source);
+    status_t         start();
+    status_t         stop();
+
+    status_t         setOffloaded(bool offloaded, audio_io_handle_t io);
+    bool             isOffloaded() const;
+    void             addEffectToHal_l();
+    void             release_l();
+
+    sp<EffectModule> asEffectModule() override { return this; }
+
+    void             dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
+
+private:
+    friend class AudioFlinger;      // for mHandles
 
     // Maximum time allocated to effect engines to complete the turn off sequence
     static const uint32_t MAX_DISABLE_TIME_MS = 10000;
@@ -158,30 +269,19 @@
 
     status_t start_l();
     status_t stop_l();
-    status_t remove_effect_from_hal_l();
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal_l();
     status_t sendSetAudioDevicesCommand(const AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector &devices, uint32_t cmdCode);
 
-mutable Mutex               mLock;      // mutex for process, commands and handles list protection
-    wp<ThreadBase>      mThread;    // parent thread
-    ThreadBase::type_t  mThreadType; // parent thread type
-    wp<EffectChain>     mChain;     // parent effect chain
-    const int           mId;        // this instance unique ID
-    const audio_session_t mSessionId; // audio session ID
-    const effect_descriptor_t mDescriptor;// effect descriptor received from effect engine
     effect_config_t     mConfig;    // input and output audio configuration
     sp<EffectHalInterface> mEffectInterface; // Effect module HAL
     sp<EffectBufferHalInterface> mInBuffer;  // Buffers for interacting with HAL
     sp<EffectBufferHalInterface> mOutBuffer;
     status_t            mStatus;    // initialization status
-    effect_state        mState;     // current activation state
-    Vector<EffectHandle *> mHandles;    // list of client handles
                 // First handle in mHandles has highest priority and controls the effect module
     uint32_t mMaxDisableWaitCnt;    // maximum grace period before forcing an effect off after
                                     // sending disable command.
     uint32_t mDisableWaitCnt;       // current process() calls count during disable period.
-    bool     mSuspended;            // effect is suspended: temporarily disabled by framework
     bool     mOffloaded;            // effect is currently offloaded to the audio DSP
-    wp<AudioFlinger>    mAudioFlinger;
 
 #ifdef FLOAT_EFFECT_CHAIN
     bool    mSupportsFloat;         // effect supports float processing
@@ -208,16 +308,6 @@
     static constexpr pid_t INVALID_PID = (pid_t)-1;
     // this tid is allowed to call setVolume() without acquiring the mutex.
     pid_t mSetVolumeReentrantTid = INVALID_PID;
-
-    // Audio policy effect state management
-    // Mutex protecting transactions with audio policy manager as mLock cannot
-    // be held to avoid cross deadlocks with audio policy mutex
-    Mutex   mPolicyLock;
-    // Effect is registered in APM or not
-    bool    mPolicyRegistered = false;
-    // Effect enabled state communicated to APM. Enabled state corresponds to
-    // state requested by the EffectHandle with control
-    bool    mPolicyEnabled = false;
 };
 
 // The EffectHandle class implements the IEffect interface. It provides resources
@@ -229,7 +319,7 @@
 class EffectHandle: public android::BnEffect {
 public:
 
-    EffectHandle(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
+    EffectHandle(const sp<EffectBase>& effect,
             const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
             const sp<IEffectClient>& effectClient,
             int32_t priority);
@@ -267,9 +357,9 @@
     bool enabled() const { return mEnabled; }
 
     // Getters
-    wp<EffectModule> effect() const { return mEffect; }
+    wp<EffectBase> effect() const { return mEffect; }
     int id() const {
-        sp<EffectModule> effect = mEffect.promote();
+        sp<EffectBase> effect = mEffect.promote();
         if (effect == 0) {
             return 0;
         }
@@ -286,7 +376,7 @@
     DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EffectHandle);
 
     Mutex mLock;                        // protects IEffect method calls
-    wp<EffectModule> mEffect;           // pointer to controlled EffectModule
+    wp<EffectBase> mEffect;           // pointer to controlled EffectModule
     sp<IEffectClient> mEffectClient;    // callback interface for client notifications
     /*const*/ sp<Client> mClient;       // client for shared memory allocation, see disconnect()
     sp<IMemory>         mCblkMemory;    // shared memory for control block
@@ -333,7 +423,6 @@
     }
 
     status_t createEffect_l(sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                            ThreadBase *thread,
                             effect_descriptor_t *desc,
                             int id,
                             audio_session_t sessionId,
@@ -389,9 +478,8 @@
                               bool suspend);
     // suspend all eligible effects
     void setEffectSuspendedAll_l(bool suspend);
-    // check if effects should be suspend or restored when a given effect is enable or disabled
-    void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                          bool enabled);
+    // check if effects should be suspended or restored when a given effect is enable or disabled
+    void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectModule>& effect, bool enabled);
 
     void clearInputBuffer();
 
@@ -416,9 +504,60 @@
     // isCompatibleWithThread_l() must be called with thread->mLock held
     bool isCompatibleWithThread_l(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread) const;
 
+    sp<EffectCallbackInterface> effectCallback() const { return mEffectCallback; }
+    wp<ThreadBase> thread() const { return mEffectCallback->thread(); }
+
     void dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
 
 private:
+
+    class EffectCallback :  public EffectCallbackInterface {
+    public:
+        EffectCallback(EffectChain *chain, ThreadBase *thread, AudioFlinger *audioFlinger)
+            : mChain(chain), mThread(thread), mAudioFlinger(audioFlinger) {}
+
+        status_t createEffectHal(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
+               int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId, sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) override;
+        status_t allocateHalBuffer(size_t size, sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>* buffer) override;
+        bool updateOrphanEffectChains(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) override;
+
+        audio_io_handle_t io() const override;
+        bool isOutput() const override;
+        bool isOffload() const override;
+        bool isOffloadOrDirect() const override;
+        bool isOffloadOrMmap() const override;
+
+        uint32_t sampleRate() const override;
+        audio_channel_mask_t channelMask() const override;
+        uint32_t channelCount() const override;
+        size_t frameCount() const override;
+        uint32_t latency() const override;
+
+        status_t addEffectToHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+        status_t removeEffectFromHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+        bool disconnectEffectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) override;
+        void setVolumeForOutput(float left, float right) const override;
+
+        // check if effects should be suspended/restored when a given effect is enable/disabled
+        void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectBase>& effect,
+                              bool enabled, bool threadLocked) override;
+        void resetVolume() override;
+        uint32_t strategy() const override;
+        int32_t activeTrackCnt() const override;
+        void onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) override;
+        void onEffectDisable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect) override;
+
+        wp<EffectChain> chain() const override { return mChain; }
+
+        wp<ThreadBase> thread() { return mThread; }
+        void setThread(ThreadBase *thread) { mThread = thread; };
+
+    private:
+        wp<EffectChain> mChain;
+        wp<ThreadBase> mThread;
+        wp<AudioFlinger> mAudioFlinger;
+    };
+
     friend class AudioFlinger;  // for mThread, mEffects
     DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EffectChain);
 
@@ -444,13 +583,12 @@
 
     static bool isEffectEligibleForBtNrecSuspend(const effect_uuid_t *type);
 
-    void clearInputBuffer_l(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread);
+    void clearInputBuffer_l();
 
     void setThread(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread);
 
     void setVolumeForOutput_l(uint32_t left, uint32_t right);
 
-             wp<ThreadBase> mThread;     // parent mixer thread
     mutable  Mutex mLock;        // mutex protecting effect list
              Vector< sp<EffectModule> > mEffects; // list of effect modules
              audio_session_t mSessionId; // audio session ID
@@ -474,4 +612,99 @@
              // timeLow fields among effect type UUIDs.
              // Updated by setEffectSuspended_l() and setEffectSuspendedAll_l() only.
              KeyedVector< int, sp<SuspendedEffectDesc> > mSuspendedEffects;
+
+             const sp<EffectCallback> mEffectCallback;
+};
+
+class DeviceEffectProxy : public EffectBase {
+public:
+        DeviceEffectProxy (const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device,
+                const sp<DeviceEffectManagerCallback>& callback,
+                effect_descriptor_t *desc, int id)
+            : EffectBase(callback, desc, id, AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE, false),
+                mDevice(device), mManagerCallback(callback),
+                mMyCallback(new ProxyCallback(this, callback)) {}
+
+    status_t setEnabled(bool enabled, bool fromHandle) override;
+    sp<DeviceEffectProxy> asDeviceEffectProxy() override { return this; }
+
+    status_t init(const std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, PatchPanel::Patch>& patches);
+    status_t onCreatePatch(audio_patch_handle_t patchHandle, const PatchPanel::Patch& patch);
+    void onReleasePatch(audio_patch_handle_t patchHandle);
+
+    size_t removeEffect(const sp<EffectModule>& effect);
+
+    status_t addEffectToHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect);
+    status_t removeEffectFromHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect);
+
+    const AudioDeviceTypeAddr& device() { return mDevice; };
+    bool isOutput() const;
+    uint32_t sampleRate() const;
+    audio_channel_mask_t channelMask() const;
+    uint32_t channelCount() const;
+
+    void dump(int fd, int spaces);
+
+private:
+
+    class ProxyCallback :  public EffectCallbackInterface {
+    public:
+                ProxyCallback(DeviceEffectProxy *proxy,
+                        const sp<DeviceEffectManagerCallback>& callback)
+                    : mProxy(proxy), mManagerCallback(callback) {}
+
+        status_t createEffectHal(const effect_uuid_t *pEffectUuid,
+               int32_t sessionId, int32_t deviceId, sp<EffectHalInterface> *effect) override;
+        status_t allocateHalBuffer(size_t size __unused,
+                sp<EffectBufferHalInterface>* buffer __unused) override { return NO_ERROR; }
+        bool updateOrphanEffectChains(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override {
+                    return false;
+        }
+
+        audio_io_handle_t io() const override { return AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE; }
+        bool isOutput() const override;
+        bool isOffload() const override { return false; }
+        bool isOffloadOrDirect() const override { return false; }
+        bool isOffloadOrMmap() const override { return false; }
+
+        uint32_t sampleRate() const override;
+        audio_channel_mask_t channelMask() const override;
+        uint32_t channelCount() const override;
+        size_t frameCount() const override  { return 0; }
+        uint32_t latency() const override  { return 0; }
+
+        status_t addEffectToHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+        status_t removeEffectFromHal(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) override;
+
+        bool disconnectEffectHandle(EffectHandle *handle, bool unpinIfLast) override;
+        void setVolumeForOutput(float left __unused, float right __unused) const override {}
+
+        void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused,
+                              bool enabled __unused, bool threadLocked __unused) override {}
+        void resetVolume() override {}
+        uint32_t strategy() const override  { return 0; }
+        int32_t activeTrackCnt() const override { return 0; }
+        void onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override {}
+        void onEffectDisable(const sp<EffectBase>& effect __unused) override {}
+
+        wp<EffectChain> chain() const override { return nullptr; }
+
+        int newEffectId();
+
+    private:
+        const wp<DeviceEffectProxy> mProxy;
+        const sp<DeviceEffectManagerCallback> mManagerCallback;
+    };
+
+    status_t checkPort(const PatchPanel::Patch& patch, const struct audio_port_config *port,
+            sp<EffectHandle> *handle);
+
+    const AudioDeviceTypeAddr mDevice;
+    const sp<DeviceEffectManagerCallback> mManagerCallback;
+    const sp<ProxyCallback> mMyCallback;
+
+    Mutex mProxyLock;
+    std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, sp<EffectHandle>> mEffectHandles; // protected by mProxyLock
+    sp<EffectModule> mHalEffect; // protected by mProxyLock
+    struct audio_port_config mDevicePort = { .id = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE };
 };
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
index ee5bd75..786c279 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
@@ -169,8 +169,7 @@
                     hwDevice->releaseAudioPatch(removedPatch.mHalHandle);
                 }
             }
-            mPatches.erase(iter);
-            removeSoftwarePatchFromInsertedModules(*handle);
+            erasePatch(*handle);
         }
     }
 
@@ -325,10 +324,14 @@
                         }
                     }
                     status = thread->sendCreateAudioPatchConfigEvent(patch, &halHandle);
+                    if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+                        newPatch.setThread(thread);
+                    }
+
                     // remove stale audio patch with same input as sink if any
                     for (auto& iter : mPatches) {
                         if (iter.second.mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.mix.handle == thread->id()) {
-                            mPatches.erase(iter.first);
+                            erasePatch(iter.first);
                             break;
                         }
                     }
@@ -387,11 +390,14 @@
             }
 
             status = thread->sendCreateAudioPatchConfigEvent(patch, &halHandle);
+            if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+                newPatch.setThread(thread);
+            }
 
             // remove stale audio patch with same output as source if any
             for (auto& iter : mPatches) {
                 if (iter.second.mAudioPatch.sources[0].ext.mix.handle == thread->id()) {
-                    mPatches.erase(iter.first);
+                    erasePatch(iter.first);
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -405,11 +411,11 @@
     if (status == NO_ERROR) {
         *handle = (audio_patch_handle_t) mAudioFlinger.nextUniqueId(AUDIO_UNIQUE_ID_USE_PATCH);
         newPatch.mHalHandle = halHandle;
+        mAudioFlinger.mDeviceEffectManager.createAudioPatch(*handle, newPatch);
         mPatches.insert(std::make_pair(*handle, std::move(newPatch)));
         if (insertedModule != AUDIO_MODULE_HANDLE_NONE) {
             addSoftwarePatchToInsertedModules(insertedModule, *handle);
         }
-        ALOGV("%s() added new patch handle %d halHandle %d", __func__, *handle, halHandle);
     } else {
         newPatch.clearConnections(this);
     }
@@ -490,10 +496,12 @@
     }
 
     sp<RecordThread::PatchRecord> tempRecordTrack;
+    const bool usePassthruPatchRecord =
+            (inputFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) && (outputFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
     const size_t playbackFrameCount = mPlayback.thread()->frameCount();
     const size_t recordFrameCount = mRecord.thread()->frameCount();
     size_t frameCount = 0;
-    if ((inputFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) && (outputFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT)) {
+    if (usePassthruPatchRecord) {
         // PassthruPatchRecord producesBufferOnDemand, so use
         // maximum of playback and record thread framecounts
         frameCount = std::max(playbackFrameCount, recordFrameCount);
@@ -550,8 +558,14 @@
     }
 
     // tie playback and record tracks together
-    mRecord.setTrackAndPeer(tempRecordTrack, tempPatchTrack);
-    mPlayback.setTrackAndPeer(tempPatchTrack, tempRecordTrack);
+    // In the case of PassthruPatchRecord no I/O activity happens on RecordThread,
+    // everything is driven from PlaybackThread. Thus AudioBufferProvider methods
+    // of PassthruPatchRecord can only be called if the corresponding PatchTrack
+    // is alive. There is no need to hold a reference, and there is no need
+    // to clear it. In fact, since playback stopping is asynchronous, there is
+    // no proper time when clearing could be done.
+    mRecord.setTrackAndPeer(tempRecordTrack, tempPatchTrack, !usePassthruPatchRecord);
+    mPlayback.setTrackAndPeer(tempPatchTrack, tempRecordTrack, true /*holdReference*/);
 
     // start capture and playback
     mRecord.track()->start(AudioSystem::SYNC_EVENT_NONE, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE);
@@ -633,8 +647,21 @@
 String8 AudioFlinger::PatchPanel::Patch::dump(audio_patch_handle_t myHandle) const
 {
     // TODO: Consider table dump form for patches, just like tracks.
-    String8 result = String8::format("Patch %d: thread %p => thread %p",
-            myHandle, mRecord.const_thread().get(), mPlayback.const_thread().get());
+    String8 result = String8::format("Patch %d: %s (thread %p => thread %p)",
+            myHandle, isSoftware() ? "Software bridge between" : "No software bridge",
+            mRecord.const_thread().get(), mPlayback.const_thread().get());
+
+    bool hasSinkDevice =
+            mAudioPatch.num_sinks > 0 && mAudioPatch.sinks[0].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE;
+    bool hasSourceDevice =
+            mAudioPatch.num_sources > 0 && mAudioPatch.sources[0].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE;
+    result.appendFormat(" thread %p %s (%d) first device type %08x", mThread.unsafe_get(),
+            hasSinkDevice ? "num sinks" :
+                (hasSourceDevice ? "num sources" : "no devices"),
+            hasSinkDevice ? mAudioPatch.num_sinks :
+                (hasSourceDevice ? mAudioPatch.num_sources : 0),
+            hasSinkDevice ? mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.device.type :
+                (hasSourceDevice ? mAudioPatch.sources[0].ext.device.type : 0));
 
     // add latency if it exists
     double latencyMs;
@@ -710,11 +737,16 @@
             status = BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
-    mPatches.erase(iter);
-    removeSoftwarePatchFromInsertedModules(handle);
+    erasePatch(handle);
     return status;
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::PatchPanel::erasePatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle) {
+    mPatches.erase(handle);
+    removeSoftwarePatchFromInsertedModules(handle);
+    mAudioFlinger.mDeviceEffectManager.releaseAudioPatch(handle);
+}
+
 /* List connected audio ports and they attributes */
 status_t AudioFlinger::PatchPanel::listAudioPatches(unsigned int *num_patches __unused,
                                   struct audio_patch *patches __unused)
@@ -798,16 +830,13 @@
     String8 patchPanelDump;
     const char *indent = "  ";
 
-    // Only dump software patches.
     bool headerPrinted = false;
     for (const auto& iter : mPatches) {
-        if (iter.second.isSoftware()) {
-            if (!headerPrinted) {
-                patchPanelDump += "\nSoftware patches:\n";
-                headerPrinted = true;
-            }
-            patchPanelDump.appendFormat("%s%s\n", indent, iter.second.dump(iter.first).string());
+        if (!headerPrinted) {
+            patchPanelDump += "\nPatches:\n";
+            headerPrinted = true;
         }
+        patchPanelDump.appendFormat("%s%s\n", indent, iter.second.dump(iter.first).string());
     }
 
     headerPrinted = false;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
index 181e27c..89d4eb1 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
@@ -76,13 +76,18 @@
 
     void dump(int fd) const;
 
-private:
     template<typename ThreadType, typename TrackType>
-    class Endpoint {
+    class Endpoint final {
     public:
         Endpoint() = default;
         Endpoint(const Endpoint&) = delete;
-        Endpoint& operator=(const Endpoint&) = delete;
+        Endpoint& operator=(const Endpoint& other) noexcept {
+            mThread = other.mThread;
+            mCloseThread = other.mCloseThread;
+            mHandle = other.mHandle;
+            mTrack = other.mTrack;
+            return *this;
+        }
         Endpoint(Endpoint&& other) noexcept { swap(other); }
         Endpoint& operator=(Endpoint&& other) noexcept {
             swap(other);
@@ -98,8 +103,8 @@
             return trackOrNull->initCheck();
         }
         audio_patch_handle_t handle() const { return mHandle; }
-        sp<ThreadType> thread() { return mThread; }
-        sp<TrackType> track() { return mTrack; }
+        sp<ThreadType> thread() const { return mThread; }
+        sp<TrackType> track() const { return mTrack; }
         sp<const ThreadType> const_thread() const { return mThread; }
         sp<const TrackType> const_track() const { return mTrack; }
 
@@ -123,18 +128,20 @@
             mCloseThread = closeThread;
         }
         template <typename T>
-        void setTrackAndPeer(const sp<TrackType>& track, const sp<T> &peer) {
+        void setTrackAndPeer(const sp<TrackType>& track, const sp<T> &peer, bool holdReference) {
             mTrack = track;
             mThread->addPatchTrack(mTrack);
-            mTrack->setPeerProxy(peer, true /* holdReference */);
+            mTrack->setPeerProxy(peer, holdReference);
+            mClearPeerProxy = holdReference;
         }
-        void clearTrackPeer() { if (mTrack) mTrack->clearPeerProxy(); }
+        void clearTrackPeer() { if (mClearPeerProxy && mTrack) mTrack->clearPeerProxy(); }
         void stopTrack() { if (mTrack) mTrack->stop(); }
 
         void swap(Endpoint &other) noexcept {
             using std::swap;
             swap(mThread, other.mThread);
             swap(mCloseThread, other.mCloseThread);
+            swap(mClearPeerProxy, other.mClearPeerProxy);
             swap(mHandle, other.mHandle);
             swap(mTrack, other.mTrack);
         }
@@ -146,18 +153,41 @@
     private:
         sp<ThreadType> mThread;
         bool mCloseThread = true;
+        bool mClearPeerProxy = true;
         audio_patch_handle_t mHandle = AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE;
         sp<TrackType> mTrack;
     };
 
-    class Patch {
+    class Patch final {
     public:
         explicit Patch(const struct audio_patch &patch) : mAudioPatch(patch) {}
+        Patch() = default;
         ~Patch();
-        Patch(const Patch&) = delete;
-        Patch(Patch&&) = default;
-        Patch& operator=(const Patch&) = delete;
-        Patch& operator=(Patch&&) = default;
+        Patch(const Patch& other) noexcept {
+            mAudioPatch = other.mAudioPatch;
+            mHalHandle = other.mHalHandle;
+            mPlayback = other.mPlayback;
+            mRecord = other.mRecord;
+            mThread = other.mThread;
+        }
+        Patch(Patch&& other) noexcept { swap(other); }
+        Patch& operator=(Patch&& other) noexcept {
+            swap(other);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        void swap(Patch &other) noexcept {
+            using std::swap;
+            swap(mAudioPatch, other.mAudioPatch);
+            swap(mHalHandle, other.mHalHandle);
+            swap(mPlayback, other.mPlayback);
+            swap(mRecord, other.mRecord);
+            swap(mThread, other.mThread);
+        }
+
+        friend void swap(Patch &a, Patch &b) noexcept {
+            a.swap(b);
+        }
 
         status_t createConnections(PatchPanel *panel);
         void clearConnections(PatchPanel *panel);
@@ -165,6 +195,9 @@
             return mRecord.handle() != AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE ||
                     mPlayback.handle() != AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE; }
 
+        void setThread(sp<ThreadBase> thread) { mThread = thread; }
+        wp<ThreadBase> thread() const { return mThread; }
+
         // returns the latency of the patch (from record to playback).
         status_t getLatencyMs(double *latencyMs) const;
 
@@ -182,13 +215,20 @@
         Endpoint<PlaybackThread, PlaybackThread::PatchTrack> mPlayback;
         // connects source device to record thread input
         Endpoint<RecordThread, RecordThread::PatchRecord> mRecord;
+
+        wp<ThreadBase> mThread;
     };
 
+    // Call with AudioFlinger mLock held
+    std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, Patch>& patches_l() { return mPatches; }
+
+private:
     AudioHwDevice* findAudioHwDeviceByModule(audio_module_handle_t module);
     sp<DeviceHalInterface> findHwDeviceByModule(audio_module_handle_t module);
     void addSoftwarePatchToInsertedModules(
             audio_module_handle_t module, audio_patch_handle_t handle);
     void removeSoftwarePatchFromInsertedModules(audio_patch_handle_t handle);
+    void erasePatch(audio_patch_handle_t handle);
 
     AudioFlinger &mAudioFlinger;
     std::map<audio_patch_handle_t, Patch> mPatches;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
index b5592e3..598caeb 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
@@ -1146,32 +1146,26 @@
     }
 }
 
-void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                                            bool enabled,
-                                                            audio_session_t sessionId)
-{
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled_l(effect, enabled, sessionId);
-}
+void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(bool enabled,
+                                                           audio_session_t sessionId,
+                                                           bool threadLocked) {
+    if (!threadLocked) {
+        mLock.lock();
+    }
 
-void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled_l(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                                            bool enabled,
-                                                            audio_session_t sessionId)
-{
     if (mType != RECORD) {
         // suspend all effects in AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX when enabling any effect on
         // another session. This gives the priority to well behaved effect control panels
         // and applications not using global effects.
         // Enabling post processing in AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE session does not affect
         // global effects
-        if ((sessionId != AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) && (sessionId != AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE)) {
+        if (!audio_is_global_session(sessionId)) {
             setEffectSuspended_l(NULL, enabled, AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX);
         }
     }
 
-    sp<EffectChain> chain = getEffectChain_l(sessionId);
-    if (chain != 0) {
-        chain->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, enabled);
+    if (!threadLocked) {
+        mLock.unlock();
     }
 }
 
@@ -1179,8 +1173,9 @@
 status_t AudioFlinger::RecordThread::checkEffectCompatibility_l(
         const effect_descriptor_t *desc, audio_session_t sessionId)
 {
-    // No global effect sessions on record threads
-    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX || sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) {
+    // No global output effect sessions on record threads
+    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX
+            || sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) {
         ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on record thread %s",
                 desc->name, mThreadName);
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -1254,6 +1249,13 @@
                             " on output stage session", desc->name);
                     return BAD_VALUE;
                 }
+            } else if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+                // only post processing on output stage session
+                if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) != EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
+                    ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): non post processing effect %s not allowed"
+                            " on device session", desc->name);
+                    return BAD_VALUE;
+                }
             } else {
                 // no restriction on effects applied on non fast tracks
                 if ((hasAudioSession_l(sessionId) & ThreadBase::FAST_SESSION) == 0) {
@@ -1295,7 +1297,7 @@
             return BAD_VALUE;
         }
 #endif
-        if ((sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) || (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX)) {
+        if (audio_is_global_session(sessionId)) {
             ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on DUPLICATING"
                     " thread %s", desc->name, mThreadName);
             return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -1371,7 +1373,7 @@
         if (effect == 0) {
             effectId = mAudioFlinger->nextUniqueId(AUDIO_UNIQUE_ID_USE_EFFECT);
             // create a new effect module if none present in the chain
-            lStatus = chain->createEffect_l(effect, this, desc, effectId, sessionId, pinned);
+            lStatus = chain->createEffect_l(effect, desc, effectId, sessionId, pinned);
             if (lStatus != NO_ERROR) {
                 goto Exit;
             }
@@ -1417,9 +1419,12 @@
     sp<EffectModule> effect;
     {
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-
-        effect = handle->effect().promote();
-        if (effect == 0) {
+        sp<EffectBase> effectBase = handle->effect().promote();
+        if (effectBase == nullptr) {
+            return;
+        }
+        effect = effectBase->asEffectModule();
+        if (effect == nullptr) {
             return;
         }
         // restore suspended effects if the disconnected handle was enabled and the last one.
@@ -1431,11 +1436,34 @@
     if (remove) {
         mAudioFlinger->updateOrphanEffectChains(effect);
         if (handle->enabled()) {
-            checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(effect, false, effect->sessionId());
+            effect->checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(false, false /*threadLocked*/);
         }
     }
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectModule>& effect) {
+    if (mType == OFFLOAD || mType == MMAP) {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+        broadcast_l();
+    }
+    if (!effect->isOffloadable()) {
+        if (mType == ThreadBase::OFFLOAD) {
+            PlaybackThread *t = (PlaybackThread *)this;
+            t->invalidateTracks(AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC);
+        }
+        if (effect->sessionId() == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+            mAudioFlinger->onNonOffloadableGlobalEffectEnable();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::onEffectDisable() {
+    if (mType == OFFLOAD || mType == MMAP) {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+        broadcast_l();
+    }
+}
+
 sp<AudioFlinger::EffectModule> AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::getEffect(audio_session_t sessionId,
         int effectId)
 {
@@ -1511,7 +1539,7 @@
         detachAuxEffect_l(effect->id());
     }
 
-    sp<EffectChain> chain = effect->chain().promote();
+    sp<EffectChain> chain = effect->callback()->chain().promote();
     if (chain != 0) {
         // remove effect chain if removing last effect
         if (chain->removeEffect_l(effect, release) == 0) {
@@ -2051,6 +2079,7 @@
         { // scope for mLock
             Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
             for (audio_session_t session : {
+                    AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE,
                     AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE,
                     AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
                     sessionId,
@@ -3103,7 +3132,7 @@
     halOutBuffer = halInBuffer;
     effect_buffer_t *buffer = reinterpret_cast<effect_buffer_t*>(halInBuffer->externalData());
     ALOGV("addEffectChain_l() %p on thread %p for session %d", chain.get(), this, session);
-    if (session > AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+    if (!audio_is_global_session(session)) {
         // Only one effect chain can be present in direct output thread and it uses
         // the sink buffer as input
         if (mType != DIRECT) {
@@ -3143,8 +3172,11 @@
     chain->setThread(this);
     chain->setInBuffer(halInBuffer);
     chain->setOutBuffer(halOutBuffer);
-    // Effect chain for session AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE is inserted at end of effect
-    // chains list in order to be processed last as it contains output stage effects.
+    // Effect chain for session AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE is inserted at end of effect
+    // chains list in order to be processed last as it contains output device effects.
+    // Effect chain for session AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE is inserted just before to apply post
+    // processing effects specific to an output stream before effects applied to all streams
+    // routed to a given device.
     // Effect chain for session AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX is inserted before
     // session AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE to be processed
     // after track specific effects and before output stage.
@@ -3154,7 +3186,8 @@
     // chains list to be processed before output mix effects. Relative order between other
     // sessions is not important.
     static_assert(AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX == 0 &&
-            AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE < AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX,
+            AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE < AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX &&
+            AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE < AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE,
             "audio_session_t constants misdefined");
     size_t size = mEffectChains.size();
     size_t i = 0;
@@ -9093,8 +9126,8 @@
         const effect_descriptor_t *desc, audio_session_t sessionId)
 {
     // No global effect sessions on mmap threads
-    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX || sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) {
-        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on record thread %s",
+    if (audio_is_global_session(sessionId)) {
+        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on MMAP thread %s",
                 desc->name, mThreadName);
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
@@ -9116,7 +9149,6 @@
     }
 
     return NO_ERROR;
-
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::MmapThread::checkInvalidTracks_l()
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
index 8de7632..4c53e28 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
@@ -271,6 +271,8 @@
                 // Called by AudioFlinger::frameCount(audio_io_handle_t output) and effects,
                 // and returns the [normal mix] buffer's frame count.
     virtual     size_t      frameCount() const = 0;
+    virtual     uint32_t    latency_l() const { return 0; }
+    virtual     void        setVolumeForOutput_l(float left __unused, float right __unused) const {}
 
                 // Return's the HAL's frame count i.e. fast mixer buffer size.
                 size_t      frameCountHAL() const { return mFrameCount; }
@@ -424,14 +426,9 @@
 
                 // check if some effects must be suspended/restored when an effect is enabled
                 // or disabled
-                void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                                 bool enabled,
-                                                 audio_session_t sessionId =
-                                                        AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX);
-                void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled_l(const sp<EffectModule>& effect,
-                                                   bool enabled,
-                                                   audio_session_t sessionId =
-                                                        AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX);
+                void checkSuspendOnEffectEnabled(bool enabled,
+                                                 audio_session_t sessionId,
+                                                 bool threadLocked);
 
                 virtual status_t    setSyncEvent(const sp<SyncEvent>& event) = 0;
                 virtual bool        isValidSyncEvent(const sp<SyncEvent>& event) const = 0;
@@ -465,6 +462,9 @@
 
     mutable     Mutex                   mLock;
 
+                void onEffectEnable(const sp<EffectModule>& effect);
+                void onEffectDisable();
+
 protected:
 
                 // entry describing an effect being suspended in mSuspendedSessions keyed vector
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@
                 // return estimated latency in milliseconds, as reported by HAL
                 uint32_t    latency() const;
                 // same, but lock must already be held
-                uint32_t    latency_l() const;
+                uint32_t    latency_l() const override;
 
                 // VolumeInterface
     virtual     void        setMasterVolume(float value);
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@
     virtual     void        setStreamMute(audio_stream_type_t stream, bool muted);
     virtual     float       streamVolume(audio_stream_type_t stream) const;
 
-                void        setVolumeForOutput_l(float left, float right) const;
+                void        setVolumeForOutput_l(float left, float right) const override;
 
                 sp<Track>   createTrack_l(
                                 const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/Serializer.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/Serializer.cpp
index 4de8d3b..f0bb28e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/Serializer.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/Serializer.cpp
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@
     struct Attributes
     {
         static constexpr const char *speakerDrcEnabled = "speaker_drc_enabled";
+        static constexpr const char *engineLibrarySuffix = "engine_library";
     };
 
     static status_t deserialize(const xmlNode *root, AudioPolicyConfig *config);
@@ -687,6 +688,10 @@
                     convertTo<std::string, bool>(speakerDrcEnabled, isSpeakerDrcEnabled)) {
                 config->setSpeakerDrcEnabled(isSpeakerDrcEnabled);
             }
+            std::string engineLibrarySuffix = getXmlAttribute(cur, Attributes::engineLibrarySuffix);
+            if (!engineLibrarySuffix.empty()) {
+                config->setEngineLibraryNameSuffix(engineLibrarySuffix);
+            }
             return NO_ERROR;
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/config/Android.bp b/services/audiopolicy/config/Android.bp
index 4b5e788..f4610bb 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/config/Android.bp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/config/Android.bp
@@ -92,6 +92,10 @@
     srcs: ["audio_policy_configuration_generic.xml"],
 }
 filegroup {
+    name: "audio_policy_configuration_generic_configurable",
+    srcs: ["audio_policy_configuration_generic_configurable.xml"],
+}
+filegroup {
     name: "usb_audio_policy_configuration",
     srcs: ["usb_audio_policy_configuration.xml"],
 }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_configuration_generic_configurable.xml b/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_configuration_generic_configurable.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbe4f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_configuration_generic_configurable.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<audioPolicyConfiguration version="1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+    <!-- version section contains a “version” tag in the form “major.minor” e.g version=”1.0” -->
+
+    <!-- Global configuration Decalaration -->
+    <globalConfiguration speaker_drc_enabled="false" engine_library="configurable"/>
+
+    <modules>
+        <!-- Primary Audio HAL -->
+        <xi:include href="primary_audio_policy_configuration.xml"/>
+
+        <!-- Remote Submix Audio HAL -->
+        <xi:include href="r_submix_audio_policy_configuration.xml"/>
+
+    </modules>
+    <!-- End of Modules section -->
+
+    <!-- Volume section:
+        IMPORTANT NOTE: Volume tables have been moved to engine configuration.
+                        Keep it here for legacy.
+                        Engine will fallback on these files if none are provided by engine.
+     -->
+
+    <xi:include href="audio_policy_volumes.xml"/>
+    <xi:include href="default_volume_tables.xml"/>
+
+    <!-- End of Volume section -->
+
+    <!-- Surround Sound configuration -->
+
+    <xi:include href="surround_sound_configuration_5_0.xml"/>
+
+    <!-- End of Surround Sound configuration -->
+
+</audioPolicyConfiguration>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_volumes.xml b/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_volumes.xml
index ec64a7c..ddd031a 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_volumes.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/config/audio_policy_volumes.xml
@@ -181,6 +181,16 @@
                                                 ref="DEFAULT_NON_MUTABLE_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
     <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"
                                                 ref="DEFAULT_NON_MUTABLE_HEARING_AID_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET"
+                                                ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER"
+                                                ref="DEFAULT_DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE"
+                                                ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA"
+                                                ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"
+                                                ref="DEFAULT_HEARING_AID_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
     <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET"
                                             ref="FULL_SCALE_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
     <volume stream="AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING" deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER"
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineBase.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineBase.cpp
index 01efc7a..46b950c 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineBase.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineBase.cpp
@@ -106,48 +106,33 @@
 
 engineConfig::ParsingResult EngineBase::loadAudioPolicyEngineConfig()
 {
-    auto loadProductStrategies =
-            [](auto& strategyConfigs, auto& productStrategies, auto& volumeGroups) {
-        for (auto& strategyConfig : strategyConfigs) {
-            sp<ProductStrategy> strategy = new ProductStrategy(strategyConfig.name);
-            for (const auto &group : strategyConfig.attributesGroups) {
-                const auto &iter = std::find_if(begin(volumeGroups), end(volumeGroups),
-                                         [&group](const auto &volumeGroup) {
-                        return group.volumeGroup == volumeGroup.second->getName(); });
-                ALOG_ASSERT(iter != end(volumeGroups), "Invalid Volume Group Name %s",
-                            group.volumeGroup.c_str());
-                if (group.stream != AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT) {
-                    iter->second->addSupportedStream(group.stream);
-                }
-                for (const auto &attr : group.attributesVect) {
-                    strategy->addAttributes({group.stream, iter->second->getId(), attr});
-                    iter->second->addSupportedAttributes(attr);
-                }
-            }
-            product_strategy_t strategyId = strategy->getId();
-            productStrategies[strategyId] = strategy;
-        }
-    };
-    auto loadVolumeGroups = [](auto &volumeConfigs, auto &volumeGroups) {
-        for (auto &volumeConfig : volumeConfigs) {
-            sp<VolumeGroup> volumeGroup = new VolumeGroup(volumeConfig.name, volumeConfig.indexMin,
-                                                          volumeConfig.indexMax);
-            volumeGroups[volumeGroup->getId()] = volumeGroup;
+    auto loadVolumeConfig = [](auto &volumeGroups, auto &volumeConfig) {
+        sp<VolumeGroup> volumeGroup = new VolumeGroup(volumeConfig.name, volumeConfig.indexMin,
+                                                      volumeConfig.indexMax);
+        volumeGroups[volumeGroup->getId()] = volumeGroup;
 
-            for (auto &configCurve : volumeConfig.volumeCurves) {
-                device_category deviceCat = DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER;
-                if (!DeviceCategoryConverter::fromString(configCurve.deviceCategory, deviceCat)) {
-                    ALOGE("%s: Invalid %s", __FUNCTION__, configCurve.deviceCategory.c_str());
-                    continue;
-                }
-                sp<VolumeCurve> curve = new VolumeCurve(deviceCat);
-                for (auto &point : configCurve.curvePoints) {
-                    curve->add({point.index, point.attenuationInMb});
-                }
-                volumeGroup->add(curve);
+        for (auto &configCurve : volumeConfig.volumeCurves) {
+            device_category deviceCat = DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER;
+            if (!DeviceCategoryConverter::fromString(configCurve.deviceCategory, deviceCat)) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Invalid %s", __FUNCTION__, configCurve.deviceCategory.c_str());
+                continue;
             }
+            sp<VolumeCurve> curve = new VolumeCurve(deviceCat);
+            for (auto &point : configCurve.curvePoints) {
+                curve->add({point.index, point.attenuationInMb});
+            }
+            volumeGroup->add(curve);
+        }
+        return volumeGroup;
+    };
+    auto addSupportedStreamAttributes = [](auto &group, auto &volumeGroup, auto &strategy) {
+        volumeGroup->addSupportedStream(group.stream);
+        for (const auto &attr : group.attributesVect) {
+            strategy->addAttributes({group.stream, volumeGroup->getId(), attr});
+            volumeGroup->addSupportedAttributes(attr);
         }
     };
+
     auto result = engineConfig::parse();
     if (result.parsedConfig == nullptr) {
         ALOGW("%s: No configuration found, using default matching phone experience.", __FUNCTION__);
@@ -157,9 +142,37 @@
                   static_cast<size_t>(ret == NO_ERROR ? 0 : 1)};
     }
     ALOGE_IF(result.nbSkippedElement != 0, "skipped %zu elements", result.nbSkippedElement);
-    loadVolumeGroups(result.parsedConfig->volumeGroups, mVolumeGroups);
-    loadProductStrategies(result.parsedConfig->productStrategies, mProductStrategies,
-                          mVolumeGroups);
+
+    engineConfig::VolumeGroup defaultVolumeConfig;
+    for (auto &volumeConfig : result.parsedConfig->volumeGroups) {
+        // save default volume config for streams not defined in configuration
+        if (volumeConfig.name.compare("AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC") == 0) {
+            defaultVolumeConfig = volumeConfig;
+        }
+        loadVolumeConfig(mVolumeGroups, volumeConfig);
+    }
+    for (auto& strategyConfig : result.parsedConfig->productStrategies) {
+        sp<ProductStrategy> strategy = new ProductStrategy(strategyConfig.name);
+        for (const auto &group : strategyConfig.attributesGroups) {
+            const auto &iter = std::find_if(begin(mVolumeGroups), end(mVolumeGroups),
+                                         [&group](const auto &volumeGroup) {
+                    return group.volumeGroup == volumeGroup.second->getName(); });
+            if (group.stream != AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT) {
+                if (iter == end(mVolumeGroups)) {
+                    ALOGW("%s: No configuration of %s found, using default volume configuration"
+                            , __FUNCTION__, group.volumeGroup.c_str());
+                    defaultVolumeConfig.name = group.volumeGroup;
+                    sp<VolumeGroup> volumeGroup =
+                            loadVolumeConfig(mVolumeGroups, defaultVolumeConfig);
+                    addSupportedStreamAttributes(group, volumeGroup, strategy);
+                } else {
+                    addSupportedStreamAttributes(group, iter->second, strategy);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        product_strategy_t strategyId = strategy->getId();
+        mProductStrategies[strategyId] = strategy;
+    }
     mProductStrategies.initialize();
     return result;
 }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineDefaultConfig.h b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineDefaultConfig.h
index fede0d9..6331856 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineDefaultConfig.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/EngineDefaultConfig.h
@@ -81,6 +81,10 @@
     },
     {"STRATEGY_MEDIA",
      {
+         {"assistant", AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT, "AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT",
+          {{AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH, AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
+            AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, ""}}
+         },
          {"music", AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC, "AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC",
           {
               {AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN, AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA, AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, ""},
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/Android.bp b/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/Android.bp
index 885b5fa..ff840f9 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/Android.bp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cc_library_static {
+cc_library {
     name: "libaudiopolicyengine_config",
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     include_dirs: [
@@ -14,17 +14,14 @@
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libmedia_helper",
-        "libandroidicu",
         "libxml2",
         "libutils",
         "liblog",
         "libcutils",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "libaudiopolicycomponents",
-    ],
     header_libs: [
         "libaudio_system_headers",
-        "libaudiopolicycommon",
+        "libmedia_headers",
+        "libaudioclient_headers",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/src/EngineConfig.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/src/EngineConfig.cpp
index d47fbd2..7f8cdd9 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/src/EngineConfig.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/config/src/EngineConfig.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
 #include "EngineConfig.h"
-#include <policy.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <media/TypeConverter.h>
 #include <media/convert.h>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
index 9398743..b1c0dcf 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
@@ -72,6 +72,12 @@
             <Attributes> <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE"/> </Attributes>
             <Attributes></Attributes>
         </AttributesGroup>
+        <AttributesGroup streamType="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" volumeGroup="assistant">
+            <Attributes>
+                <ContentType value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH"/>
+                <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
+            </Attributes>
+        </AttributesGroup>
         <AttributesGroup streamType="AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM" volumeGroup="system">
             <Attributes> <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION"/> </Attributes>
         </AttributesGroup>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
index 707a184..0f9614e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
@@ -205,7 +205,16 @@
         <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA" ref="DEFAULT_NON_MUTABLE_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
         <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID" ref="DEFAULT_NON_MUTABLE_HEARING_AID_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
     </volumeGroup>
-
+    <volumeGroup>
+        <name>assistant</name>
+        <indexMin>0</indexMin>
+        <indexMax>15</indexMax>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER" ref="DEFAULT_DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"  ref="DEFAULT_HEARING_AID_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    </volumeGroup>
     <volumeGroup>
         <name>rerouting</name>
         <indexMin>0</indexMin>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/src/Engine.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/src/Engine.cpp
index 752ba92..7e5c5e3 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/src/Engine.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/src/Engine.cpp
@@ -80,8 +80,9 @@
 
 status_t Engine::initCheck()
 {
-    if (mPolicyParameterMgr == nullptr || mPolicyParameterMgr->start() != NO_ERROR) {
-        ALOGE("%s: could not start Policy PFW", __FUNCTION__);
+    std::string error;
+    if (mPolicyParameterMgr == nullptr || mPolicyParameterMgr->start(error) != NO_ERROR) {
+        ALOGE("%s: could not start Policy PFW: %s", __FUNCTION__, error.c_str());
         return NO_INIT;
     }
     return EngineBase::initCheck();
@@ -162,21 +163,21 @@
     return mPolicyParameterMgr->getForceUse(usage);
 }
 
-status_t Engine::setDeviceConnectionState(const sp<DeviceDescriptor> devDesc,
+status_t Engine::setDeviceConnectionState(const sp<DeviceDescriptor> device,
                                           audio_policy_dev_state_t state)
 {
-    mPolicyParameterMgr->setDeviceConnectionState(devDesc, state);
-
-    if (audio_is_output_device(devDesc->type())) {
+    mPolicyParameterMgr->setDeviceConnectionState(
+                device->type(), device->address().c_str(), state);
+    if (audio_is_output_device(device->type())) {
         // FIXME: Use DeviceTypeSet when the interface is ready
         return mPolicyParameterMgr->setAvailableOutputDevices(
                     deviceTypesToBitMask(getApmObserver()->getAvailableOutputDevices().types()));
-    } else if (audio_is_input_device(devDesc->type())) {
+    } else if (audio_is_input_device(device->type())) {
         // FIXME: Use DeviceTypeSet when the interface is ready
         return mPolicyParameterMgr->setAvailableInputDevices(
                     deviceTypesToBitMask(getApmObserver()->getAvailableInputDevices().types()));
     }
-    return EngineBase::setDeviceConnectionState(devDesc, state);
+    return EngineBase::setDeviceConnectionState(device, state);
 }
 
 status_t Engine::loadAudioPolicyEngineConfig()
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/Android.bp b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/Android.bp
index 6f59487..301ecc0 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/Android.bp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/Android.bp
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
         "libbase_headers",
         "libaudiopolicycommon",
     ],
-    static_libs: ["libaudiopolicycomponents"],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/ParameterManagerWrapper.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/ParameterManagerWrapper.cpp
index 465a6f9..1b3b9a0 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/ParameterManagerWrapper.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/ParameterManagerWrapper.cpp
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@
 template <>
 struct ParameterManagerWrapper::parameterManagerElementSupported<ISelectionCriterionTypeInterface> {};
 
-ParameterManagerWrapper::ParameterManagerWrapper()
+ParameterManagerWrapper::ParameterManagerWrapper(bool enableSchemaVerification,
+                                                 const std::string &schemaUri)
     : mPfwConnectorLogger(new ParameterMgrPlatformConnectorLogger)
 {
     // Connector
@@ -104,6 +105,15 @@
 
     // Logger
     mPfwConnector->setLogger(mPfwConnectorLogger);
+
+    // Schema validation
+    std::string error;
+    bool ret = mPfwConnector->setValidateSchemasOnStart(enableSchemaVerification, error);
+    ALOGE_IF(!ret, "Failed to activate schema validation: %s", error.c_str());
+    if (enableSchemaVerification && ret && !schemaUri.empty()) {
+        ALOGE("Schema verification activated with schema URI: %s", schemaUri.c_str());
+        mPfwConnector->setSchemaUri(schemaUri);
+    }
 }
 
 status_t ParameterManagerWrapper::addCriterion(const std::string &name, bool isInclusive,
@@ -145,11 +155,10 @@
     delete mPfwConnector;
 }
 
-status_t ParameterManagerWrapper::start()
+status_t ParameterManagerWrapper::start(std::string &error)
 {
     ALOGD("%s: in", __FUNCTION__);
     /// Start PFW
-    std::string error;
     if (!mPfwConnector->start(error)) {
         ALOGE("%s: Policy PFW start error: %s", __FUNCTION__, error.c_str());
         return NO_INIT;
@@ -253,13 +262,13 @@
     return interface->getLiteralValue(valueToCheck, literalValue);
 }
 
-status_t ParameterManagerWrapper::setDeviceConnectionState(const sp<DeviceDescriptor> devDesc,
-                                                           audio_policy_dev_state_t state)
+status_t ParameterManagerWrapper::setDeviceConnectionState(
+        audio_devices_t type, const std::string address, audio_policy_dev_state_t state)
 {
-    std::string criterionName = audio_is_output_device(devDesc->type()) ?
+    std::string criterionName = audio_is_output_device(type) ?
                 gOutputDeviceAddressCriterionName : gInputDeviceAddressCriterionName;
 
-    ALOGV("%s: device with address %s %s", __FUNCTION__, devDesc->address().c_str(),
+    ALOGV("%s: device with address %s %s", __FUNCTION__, address.c_str(),
           state != AUDIO_POLICY_DEVICE_STATE_AVAILABLE? "disconnected" : "connected");
     ISelectionCriterionInterface *criterion =
             getElement<ISelectionCriterionInterface>(criterionName, mPolicyCriteria);
@@ -271,8 +280,8 @@
 
     auto criterionType = criterion->getCriterionType();
     int deviceAddressId;
-    if (not criterionType->getNumericalValue(devDesc->address().c_str(), deviceAddressId)) {
-        ALOGW("%s: unknown device address reported (%s)", __FUNCTION__, devDesc->address().c_str());
+    if (not criterionType->getNumericalValue(address.c_str(), deviceAddressId)) {
+        ALOGW("%s: unknown device address reported (%s)", __FUNCTION__, address.c_str());
         return BAD_TYPE;
     }
     int currentValueMask = criterion->getCriterionState();
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/include/ParameterManagerWrapper.h b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/include/ParameterManagerWrapper.h
index 8443008..62b129a 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/include/ParameterManagerWrapper.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engineconfigurable/wrapper/include/ParameterManagerWrapper.h
@@ -16,9 +16,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <PolicyAudioPort.h>
-#include <HwModule.h>
-#include <DeviceDescriptor.h>
 #include <system/audio.h>
 #include <system/audio_policy.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
@@ -47,16 +44,18 @@
     using Criteria = std::map<std::string, ISelectionCriterionInterface *>;
 
 public:
-    ParameterManagerWrapper();
+    ParameterManagerWrapper(bool enableSchemaVerification = false,
+                            const std::string &schemaUri = {});
     ~ParameterManagerWrapper();
 
     /**
      * Starts the platform state service.
      * It starts the parameter framework policy instance.
+     * @param[out] contains human readable error if starts failed
      *
-     * @return NO_ERROR if success, error code otherwise.
+     * @return NO_ERROR if success, error code otherwise, and error is set to human readable string.
      */
-    status_t start();
+    status_t start(std::string &error);
 
     /**
      * The following API wrap policy action to criteria
@@ -117,7 +116,15 @@
      */
     status_t setAvailableOutputDevices(audio_devices_t outputDevices);
 
-    status_t setDeviceConnectionState(const sp<DeviceDescriptor> devDesc,
+    /**
+     * @brief setDeviceConnectionState propagates a state event on a given device(s)
+     * @param type bit mask of the device whose state has changed
+     * @param address of the device whose state has changed
+     * @param state new state of the given device
+     * @return NO_ERROR if new state corretly propagated to Engine Parameter-Framework, error
+     * code otherwise.
+     */
+    status_t setDeviceConnectionState(audio_devices_t type, const std::string address,
                                       audio_policy_dev_state_t state);
 
     /**
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
index 9398743..b1c0dcf 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_product_strategies.xml
@@ -72,6 +72,12 @@
             <Attributes> <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE"/> </Attributes>
             <Attributes></Attributes>
         </AttributesGroup>
+        <AttributesGroup streamType="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT" volumeGroup="assistant">
+            <Attributes>
+                <ContentType value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH"/>
+                <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
+            </Attributes>
+        </AttributesGroup>
         <AttributesGroup streamType="AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM" volumeGroup="system">
             <Attributes> <Usage value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION"/> </Attributes>
         </AttributesGroup>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
index 707a184..a259950 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/config/example/phone/audio_policy_engine_stream_volumes.xml
@@ -207,6 +207,17 @@
     </volumeGroup>
 
     <volumeGroup>
+        <name>assistant</name>
+        <indexMin>0</indexMin>
+        <indexMax>15</indexMax>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER" ref="DEFAULT_DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+        <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"  ref="DEFAULT_HEARING_AID_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+    </volumeGroup>
+
+    <volumeGroup>
         <name>rerouting</name>
         <indexMin>0</indexMin>
         <indexMax>1</indexMax>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
index 8085fd5..fbe5d0d 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
@@ -2756,12 +2756,14 @@
                                 int session,
                                 int id)
 {
-    ssize_t index = mOutputs.indexOfKey(io);
-    if (index < 0) {
-        index = mInputs.indexOfKey(io);
+    if (session != AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+        ssize_t index = mOutputs.indexOfKey(io);
         if (index < 0) {
-            ALOGW("registerEffect() unknown io %d", io);
-            return INVALID_OPERATION;
+            index = mInputs.indexOfKey(io);
+            if (index < 0) {
+                ALOGW("registerEffect() unknown io %d", io);
+                return INVALID_OPERATION;
+            }
         }
     }
     return mEffects.registerEffect(desc, io, session, id,
@@ -5291,7 +5293,8 @@
         auto attr = mEngine->getAllAttributesForProductStrategy(productStrategy).front();
 
         if ((hasVoiceStream(streams) &&
-             (isInCall() || mOutputs.isStrategyActiveOnSameModule(productStrategy, outputDesc))) ||
+             (isInCall() || mOutputs.isStrategyActiveOnSameModule(productStrategy, outputDesc)) &&
+             !isStreamActive(AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE, 0)) ||
              ((hasStream(streams, AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM) || hasStream(streams, AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE)) &&
                 mOutputs.isStrategyActiveOnSameModule(productStrategy, outputDesc)) ||
                 outputDesc->isStrategyActive(productStrategy)) {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/Android.mk b/services/audiopolicy/service/Android.mk
index 1144970..fdf3eae 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/Android.mk
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/Android.mk
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     libbinder \
     libaudioclient \
     libaudioutils \
+    libaudiofoundation \
     libhardware_legacy \
     libaudiopolicymanager \
     libmedia_helper \
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyEffects.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyEffects.cpp
index 4947714..60caa31 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyEffects.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyEffects.cpp
@@ -562,7 +562,8 @@
     AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO_TAG,
     AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE_TAG,
     AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF_TAG,
-    AUDIO_STREAM_TTS_TAG
+    AUDIO_STREAM_TTS_TAG,
+    AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT_TAG
 };
 
 // returns the audio_stream_t enum corresponding to the output stream name or
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyInterfaceImpl.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyInterfaceImpl.cpp
index 47a103b..c1190be 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyInterfaceImpl.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyInterfaceImpl.cpp
@@ -351,12 +351,17 @@
         return NO_INIT;
     }
 
+    audio_source_t inputSource = attr->source;
+    if (inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT) {
+        inputSource = AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC;
+    }
+
     // already checked by client, but double-check in case the client wrapper is bypassed
-    if ((attr->source < AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT)
-            || (attr->source >= AUDIO_SOURCE_CNT
-                && attr->source != AUDIO_SOURCE_HOTWORD
-                && attr->source != AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER
-                && attr->source != AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE)) {
+    if ((inputSource < AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT)
+            || (inputSource >= AUDIO_SOURCE_CNT
+                && inputSource != AUDIO_SOURCE_HOTWORD
+                && inputSource != AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER
+                && inputSource != AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE)) {
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
@@ -385,16 +390,16 @@
     }
 
     bool canCaptureOutput = captureAudioOutputAllowed(pid, uid);
-    if ((attr->source == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK ||
-        attr->source == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK ||
-        attr->source == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL ||
-        attr->source == AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE) &&
+    if ((inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK ||
+        inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK ||
+        inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL ||
+        inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE) &&
         !canCaptureOutput) {
         return PERMISSION_DENIED;
     }
 
     bool canCaptureHotword = captureHotwordAllowed(opPackageName, pid, uid);
-    if ((attr->source == AUDIO_SOURCE_HOTWORD) && !canCaptureHotword) {
+    if ((inputSource == AUDIO_SOURCE_HOTWORD) && !canCaptureHotword) {
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
@@ -459,7 +464,7 @@
 
     if (audioPolicyEffects != 0) {
         // create audio pre processors according to input source
-        status_t status = audioPolicyEffects->addInputEffects(*input, attr->source, session);
+        status_t status = audioPolicyEffects->addInputEffects(*input, inputSource, session);
         if (status != NO_ERROR && status != ALREADY_EXISTS) {
             ALOGW("Failed to add effects on input %d", *input);
         }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
index 299a50f..0263597 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
@@ -794,6 +794,8 @@
                 (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC, AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE,
                                      AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, "addr=remote_submix_media"},
                 (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC, AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
+                                     AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, "addr=remote_submix_media"},
+                (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH, AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
                                      AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, "addr=remote_submix_media"}
                 )
         );
@@ -835,6 +837,8 @@
                 (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC, AUDIO_USAGE_GAME,
                                      AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, ""},
                 (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC, AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
+                                     AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, ""},
+                (audio_attributes_t){AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH, AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT,
                                      AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT, 0, ""}
                 )
         );