diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
index 328b790..d0e9852 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
@@ -379,8 +379,8 @@
             String8 commentdesc;
             String8 commentvalue;
             com->getString(&commentdesc, &commentvalue);
-            const char * desc = commentdesc.string();
-            const char * value = commentvalue.string();
+            const char * desc = commentdesc.c_str();
+            const char * value = commentvalue.c_str();
 
             // first 3 characters are the language, which we don't care about
             if(strlen(desc) > 3 && strcmp(desc + 3, "iTunSMPB") == 0) {
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
         it->getString(&s);
         delete it;
 
-        AMediaFormat_setString(meta, kMap[i].key, s.string());
+        AMediaFormat_setString(meta, kMap[i].key, s.c_str());
     }
 
     size_t dataSize;
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
index 38cf29d..6a1c5f1 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
@@ -1794,7 +1794,7 @@
                 String8 mimeFormat(str + 8 + encoding_length + 1,
                         chunk_data_size - 8 - encoding_length - 1);
                 AMediaFormat_setString(mLastTrack->meta,
-                        AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, mimeFormat.string());
+                        AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, mimeFormat.c_str());
             }
             break;
         }
@@ -2813,7 +2813,7 @@
 
             String8 s;
             if (convertTimeToDate(creationTime, &s)) {
-                AMediaFormat_setString(mFileMetaData, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_DATE, s.string());
+                AMediaFormat_setString(mFileMetaData, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_DATE, s.c_str());
             }
 
             break;
@@ -4368,7 +4368,7 @@
         } else {
             // Convert from UTF-16 string to UTF-8 string.
             String8 tmpUTF8str(framedata, len16);
-            AMediaFormat_setString(mFileMetaData, metadataKey, tmpUTF8str.string());
+            AMediaFormat_setString(mFileMetaData, metadataKey, tmpUTF8str.c_str());
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/media/module/foundation/ALooperRoster.cpp b/media/module/foundation/ALooperRoster.cpp
index 4334f1e..451725d 100644
--- a/media/module/foundation/ALooperRoster.cpp
+++ b/media/module/foundation/ALooperRoster.cpp
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
         }
         s.append("\n");
     }
-    (void)write(fd, s.string(), s.size());
+    (void)write(fd, s.c_str(), s.size());
 }
 
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/module/foundation/AString.cpp b/media/module/foundation/AString.cpp
index a5e0ff8..2f8011d 100644
--- a/media/module/foundation/AString.cpp
+++ b/media/module/foundation/AString.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
     : mData(NULL),
       mSize(0),
       mAllocSize(1) {
-    setTo(from.string(), from.length());
+    setTo(from.c_str(), from.length());
 }
 
 AString::AString(const AString &from)
diff --git a/media/module/foundation/MetaDataBase.cpp b/media/module/foundation/MetaDataBase.cpp
index 3370748..da383fa 100644
--- a/media/module/foundation/MetaDataBase.cpp
+++ b/media/module/foundation/MetaDataBase.cpp
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
         char cc[5];
         MakeFourCCString(key, cc);
         const typed_data &item = mInternalData->mItems.valueAt(i);
-        s.appendFormat("%s: %s", cc, item.asString(false).string());
+        s.appendFormat("%s: %s", cc, item.asString(false).c_str());
         if (i != 0) {
             s.append(", ");
         }
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
         char cc[5];
         MakeFourCCString(key, cc);
         const typed_data &item = mInternalData->mItems.valueAt(i);
-        ALOGI("%s: %s", cc, item.asString(true /* verbose */).string());
+        ALOGI("%s: %s", cc, item.asString(true /* verbose */).c_str());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/media/module/foundation/tests/Base64_test.cpp b/media/module/foundation/tests/Base64_test.cpp
index 7a4289e..a3f93d9 100644
--- a/media/module/foundation/tests/Base64_test.cpp
+++ b/media/module/foundation/tests/Base64_test.cpp
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
                 paddedText.append(kBase64Padding);
             }
         }
-        sp<ABuffer> result = decodeBase64(AString(paddedText.string()));
+        sp<ABuffer> result = decodeBase64(AString(paddedText.c_str()));
 
         ASSERT_EQ(AStringUtils::Compare(expected[i].c_str(),
                 reinterpret_cast<char*>(result->data()),
diff --git a/media/module/id3/test/ID3Test.cpp b/media/module/id3/test/ID3Test.cpp
index a0a84ec..9da28d2 100644
--- a/media/module/id3/test/ID3Test.cpp
+++ b/media/module/id3/test/ID3Test.cpp
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
                 String8 text;
                 countTextFrames++;
                 it.getString(&text);
-                ALOGV("Found text frame %s : %s \n", id.string(), text.string());
+                ALOGV("Found text frame %s : %s \n", id.c_str(), text.c_str());
             }
             it.next();
         }
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@
             ASSERT_GT(id.length(), 0) << "Found an ID3 tag of 0 size";
             it.getString(&text);
             // if the tag has a value
-            if (strcmp(text.string(), "")) {
+            if (strcmp(text.c_str(), "")) {
                 countTextFrames++;
                 ALOGV("ID: %s\n", id.c_str());
-                ALOGV("Text string: %s\n", text.string());
+                ALOGV("Text string: %s\n", text.c_str());
             }
             it.next();
         }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 
     if (albumArtPresent) {
         if (data) {
-            ALOGV("Found album art: size = %zu mime = %s \n", dataSize, mime.string());
+            ALOGV("Found album art: size = %zu mime = %s \n", dataSize, mime.c_str());
         }
         ASSERT_NE(data, nullptr) << "Expected album art, found none! " << path;
     } else {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
             String8 mime;
             const void *data = tag.getAlbumArt(&dataSize, &mime);
             if (data) {
-                ALOGV("Found album art: size = %zu mime = %s \n", dataSize, mime.string());
+                ALOGV("Found album art: size = %zu mime = %s \n", dataSize, mime.c_str());
 #if (LOG_NDEBUG == 0)
                 hexdump(data, dataSize > 128 ? 128 : dataSize);
 #endif
diff --git a/media/module/id3/testid3.cpp b/media/module/id3/testid3.cpp
index 5cd51cf..e4f524b 100644
--- a/media/module/id3/testid3.cpp
+++ b/media/module/id3/testid3.cpp
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@
                 String8 text;
                 it.getString(&text);
 
-                printf("  found text frame '%s': %s\n", id.string(), text.string());
+                printf("  found text frame '%s': %s\n", id.c_str(), text.c_str());
             } else {
-                printf("  found frame '%s'.\n", id.string());
+                printf("  found frame '%s'.\n", id.c_str());
             }
 
             it.next();
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
         if (data) {
             printf("found album art: size=%zu mime='%s'\n", dataSize,
-                   mime.string());
+                   mime.c_str());
 
             hexdump(data, dataSize > 128 ? 128 : dataSize);
         }
diff --git a/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingClientManager.cpp b/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingClientManager.cpp
index 6dbcaf9..18702a4 100644
--- a/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingClientManager.cpp
+++ b/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingClientManager.cpp
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
         result.append(buffer);
     }
 
-    write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
 }
 
 bool TranscodingClientManager::isTrustedCaller(pid_t pid, uid_t uid) {
diff --git a/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingSessionController.cpp b/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingSessionController.cpp
index ea3e518..e9d19d3 100644
--- a/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingSessionController.cpp
+++ b/media/module/libmediatranscoding/TranscodingSessionController.cpp
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
         dumpSession_l(session, result, true /*closedSession*/);
     }
 
-    write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/MediaTranscodingService.cpp b/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/MediaTranscodingService.cpp
index 2a20981..2c73f3e 100644
--- a/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/MediaTranscodingService.cpp
+++ b/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/MediaTranscodingService.cpp
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
                     "Permission Denial: "
                     "can't dump MediaTranscodingService from pid=%d, uid=%d\n",
                     AIBinder_getCallingPid(), AIBinder_getCallingUid());
-            write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+            write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
             return PERMISSION_DENIED;
         }
     }
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
 
     snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "MediaTranscodingService: %p\n", this);
     result.append(buffer);
-    write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
 
     Vector<String16> args;
     mClientManager->dumpAllClients(fd, args);
diff --git a/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/tests/MediaTranscodingServiceTestHelper.h b/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/tests/MediaTranscodingServiceTestHelper.h
index 8e17f55..723bd77 100644
--- a/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/tests/MediaTranscodingServiceTestHelper.h
+++ b/media/module/service.mediatranscoding/tests/MediaTranscodingServiceTestHelper.h
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
     PermissionController pc;
     uid = pc.getPackageUid(packageName, 0);
     if (uid <= 0) {
-        ALOGE("Unknown package: '%s'", String8(packageName).string());
+        ALOGE("Unknown package: '%s'", String8(packageName).c_str());
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }