nblog: split NBLog.cpp into multiple files

NBLog.cpp was deleted and split up into Entry.cpp, Merger.cpp,
Reader.cpp, Timeline.cpp, and Writer.cpp. NBLog.h was split up into
Entry.h, Events.h, Merger.h, Reader.h, Timeline.h, and Writer.h. NBLog.h
now includes all of these new headers except Merger.h, which is managed
exclusively by MediaLogService.

Other changes:
- changed NBLog from a class to a namespace
- changed NBLog::thread_info_t.type to enum and replaced magic numbers
- fixed some fragile build dependencies in libaudioclient and medialog

No other changes were made, and all functionalities that existed prior
to this commit remain the same.

Test: build, dumpsys media.log
Bug: 68148948
Change-Id: I1ce6dcb7b30d004f90584edfad7103a89f7bab0c
diff --git a/media/libnblog/Reader.cpp b/media/libnblog/Reader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f86bb99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libnblog/Reader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "NBLog"
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+#include <audio_utils/fifo.h>
+#include <binder/IMemory.h>
+#include <media/nblog/Entry.h>
+#include <media/nblog/Events.h>
+#include <media/nblog/Reader.h>
+#include <media/nblog/Timeline.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <utils/String8.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace NBLog {
+
+Reader::Reader(const void *shared, size_t size, const std::string &name)
+    : mName(name),
+      mShared((/*const*/ Shared *) shared), /*mIMemory*/
+      mFifo(mShared != NULL ?
+        new audio_utils_fifo(size, sizeof(uint8_t),
+            mShared->mBuffer, mShared->mRear, NULL /*throttlesFront*/) : NULL),
+      mFifoReader(mFifo != NULL ? new audio_utils_fifo_reader(*mFifo) : NULL)
+{
+}
+
+Reader::Reader(const sp<IMemory>& iMemory, size_t size, const std::string &name)
+    : Reader(iMemory != 0 ? (Shared *) iMemory->pointer() : NULL, size, name)
+{
+    mIMemory = iMemory;
+}
+
+Reader::~Reader()
+{
+    delete mFifoReader;
+    delete mFifo;
+}
+
+// Copies content of a Reader FIFO into its Snapshot
+// The Snapshot has the same raw data, but represented as a sequence of entries
+// and an EntryIterator making it possible to process the data.
+std::unique_ptr<Snapshot> Reader::getSnapshot()
+{
+    if (mFifoReader == NULL) {
+        return std::unique_ptr<Snapshot>(new Snapshot());
+    }
+
+    // This emulates the behaviour of audio_utils_fifo_reader::read, but without incrementing the
+    // reader index. The index is incremented after handling corruption, to after the last complete
+    // entry of the buffer
+    size_t lost = 0;
+    audio_utils_iovec iovec[2];
+    const size_t capacity = mFifo->capacity();
+    ssize_t availToRead;
+    // A call to audio_utils_fifo_reader::obtain() places the read pointer one buffer length
+    // before the writer's pointer (since mFifoReader was constructed with flush=false). The
+    // do while loop is an attempt to read all of the FIFO's contents regardless of how behind
+    // the reader is with respect to the writer. However, the following scheduling sequence is
+    // possible and can lead to a starvation situation:
+    // - Writer T1 writes, overrun with respect to Reader T2
+    // - T2 calls obtain() and gets EOVERFLOW, T2 ptr placed one buffer size behind T1 ptr
+    // - T1 write, overrun
+    // - T2 obtain(), EOVERFLOW (and so on...)
+    // To address this issue, we limit the number of tries for the reader to catch up with
+    // the writer.
+    int tries = 0;
+    size_t lostTemp;
+    do {
+        availToRead = mFifoReader->obtain(iovec, capacity, NULL /*timeout*/, &lostTemp);
+        lost += lostTemp;
+    } while (availToRead < 0 || ++tries <= kMaxObtainTries);
+
+    if (availToRead <= 0) {
+        ALOGW_IF(availToRead < 0, "NBLog Reader %s failed to catch up with Writer", mName.c_str());
+        return std::unique_ptr<Snapshot>(new Snapshot());
+    }
+
+    // Change to #if 1 for debugging. This statement is useful for checking buffer fullness levels
+    // (as seen by reader) and how much data was lost. If you find that the fullness level is
+    // getting close to full, or that data loss is happening to often, then you should
+    // probably try some of the following:
+    // - log less data
+    // - log less often
+    // - increase the initial shared memory allocation for the buffer
+#if 0
+    ALOGD("getSnapshot name=%s, availToRead=%zd, capacity=%zu, fullness=%.3f, lost=%zu",
+            name().c_str(), availToRead, capacity, (double)availToRead / (double)capacity, lost);
+#endif
+    std::unique_ptr<Snapshot> snapshot(new Snapshot(availToRead));
+    memcpy(snapshot->mData, (const char *) mFifo->buffer() + iovec[0].mOffset, iovec[0].mLength);
+    if (iovec[1].mLength > 0) {
+        memcpy(snapshot->mData + (iovec[0].mLength),
+                (const char *) mFifo->buffer() + iovec[1].mOffset, iovec[1].mLength);
+    }
+
+    // Handle corrupted buffer
+    // Potentially, a buffer has corrupted data on both beginning (due to overflow) and end
+    // (due to incomplete format entry). But even if the end format entry is incomplete,
+    // it ends in a complete entry (which is not an FMT_END). So is safe to traverse backwards.
+    // TODO: handle client corruption (in the middle of a buffer)
+
+    const uint8_t *back = snapshot->mData + availToRead;
+    const uint8_t *front = snapshot->mData;
+
+    // Find last FMT_END. <back> is sitting on an entry which might be the middle of a FormatEntry.
+    // We go backwards until we find an EVENT_FMT_END.
+    const uint8_t *lastEnd = findLastValidEntry(front, back, invalidEndTypes);
+    if (lastEnd == nullptr) {
+        snapshot->mEnd = snapshot->mBegin = EntryIterator(front);
+    } else {
+        // end of snapshot points to after last FMT_END entry
+        snapshot->mEnd = EntryIterator(lastEnd).next();
+        // find first FMT_START
+        const uint8_t *firstStart = nullptr;
+        const uint8_t *firstStartTmp = snapshot->mEnd;
+        while ((firstStartTmp = findLastValidEntry(front, firstStartTmp, invalidBeginTypes))
+                != nullptr) {
+            firstStart = firstStartTmp;
+        }
+        // firstStart is null if no FMT_START entry was found before lastEnd
+        if (firstStart == nullptr) {
+            snapshot->mBegin = snapshot->mEnd;
+        } else {
+            snapshot->mBegin = EntryIterator(firstStart);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // advance fifo reader index to after last entry read.
+    mFifoReader->release(snapshot->mEnd - front);
+
+    snapshot->mLost = lost;
+    return snapshot;
+}
+
+bool Reader::isIMemory(const sp<IMemory>& iMemory) const
+{
+    return iMemory != 0 && mIMemory != 0 && iMemory->pointer() == mIMemory->pointer();
+}
+
+// We make a set of the invalid types rather than the valid types when aligning
+// Snapshot EntryIterators to valid entries during log corruption checking.
+// This is done in order to avoid the maintenance overhead of adding a new Event
+// type to the two sets below whenever a new Event type is created, as it is
+// very likely that new types added will be valid types.
+// Currently, invalidBeginTypes and invalidEndTypes are used to handle the special
+// case of a Format Entry, which consists of a variable number of simple log entries.
+// If a new Event is added that consists of a variable number of simple log entries,
+// then these sets need to be updated.
+
+// We want the beginning of a Snapshot to point to an entry that is not in
+// the middle of a formatted entry and not an FMT_END.
+const std::unordered_set<Event> Reader::invalidBeginTypes {
+    EVENT_FMT_AUTHOR,
+    EVENT_FMT_END,
+    EVENT_FMT_FLOAT,
+    EVENT_FMT_HASH,
+    EVENT_FMT_INTEGER,
+    EVENT_FMT_PID,
+    EVENT_FMT_STRING,
+    EVENT_FMT_TIMESTAMP,
+};
+
+// We want the end of a Snapshot to point to an entry that is not in
+// the middle of a formatted entry and not a FMT_START.
+const std::unordered_set<Event> Reader::invalidEndTypes {
+    EVENT_FMT_AUTHOR,
+    EVENT_FMT_FLOAT,
+    EVENT_FMT_HASH,
+    EVENT_FMT_INTEGER,
+    EVENT_FMT_PID,
+    EVENT_FMT_START,
+    EVENT_FMT_STRING,
+    EVENT_FMT_TIMESTAMP,
+};
+
+const uint8_t *Reader::findLastValidEntry(const uint8_t *front, const uint8_t *back,
+                                          const std::unordered_set<Event> &invalidTypes) {
+    if (front == nullptr || back == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    while (back + Entry::kPreviousLengthOffset >= front) {
+        const uint8_t *prev = back - back[Entry::kPreviousLengthOffset] - Entry::kOverhead;
+        const Event type = (const Event)prev[offsetof(entry, type)];
+        if (prev < front
+                || prev + prev[offsetof(entry, length)] + Entry::kOverhead != back
+                || type <= EVENT_RESERVED || type >= EVENT_UPPER_BOUND) {
+            // prev points to an out of limits or inconsistent entry
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        // if invalidTypes does not contain the type, then the type is valid.
+        if (invalidTypes.find(type) == invalidTypes.end()) {
+            return prev;
+        }
+        back = prev;
+    }
+    return nullptr; // no entry found
+}
+
+// TODO for future compatibility, would prefer to have a dump() go to string, and then go
+// to fd only when invoked through binder.
+void DumpReader::dump(int fd, size_t indent)
+{
+    if (fd < 0) return;
+    std::unique_ptr<Snapshot> snapshot = getSnapshot();
+    if (snapshot == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    String8 timestamp, body;
+
+    // TODO all logged types should have a printable format.
+    for (EntryIterator it = snapshot->begin(); it != snapshot->end(); ++it) {
+        switch (it->type) {
+        case EVENT_FMT_START:
+            it = handleFormat(FormatEntry(it), &timestamp, &body);
+            break;
+        case EVENT_WORK_TIME: {
+            const int64_t monotonicNs = it.payload<int64_t>();
+            body.appendFormat("Thread cycle: %ld ns", (long)monotonicNs);
+        } break;
+        case EVENT_LATENCY: {
+            const double latencyMs = it.payload<double>();
+            body.appendFormat("latency: %.3f ms", latencyMs);
+        } break;
+        case EVENT_WARMUP_TIME: {
+            const double timeMs = it.payload<double>();
+            body.appendFormat("warmup time: %.3f ms", timeMs);
+        } break;
+        case EVENT_UNDERRUN:
+            body.appendFormat("underrun");
+            break;
+        case EVENT_OVERRUN:
+            body.appendFormat("overrun");
+            break;
+        case EVENT_FMT_END:
+        case EVENT_RESERVED:
+        case EVENT_UPPER_BOUND:
+            body.appendFormat("warning: unexpected event %d", it->type);
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!body.isEmpty()) {
+            dprintf(fd, "%.*s%s %s\n", (int)indent, "", timestamp.string(), body.string());
+            body.clear();
+        }
+        timestamp.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+EntryIterator DumpReader::handleFormat(const FormatEntry &fmtEntry,
+        String8 *timestamp, String8 *body)
+{
+    // log timestamp
+    const int64_t ts = fmtEntry.timestamp();
+    timestamp->clear();
+    timestamp->appendFormat("[%d.%03d]", (int) (ts / (1000 * 1000 * 1000)),
+                    (int) ((ts / (1000 * 1000)) % 1000));
+
+    // log unique hash
+    log_hash_t hash = fmtEntry.hash();
+    // print only lower 16bit of hash as hex and line as int to reduce spam in the log
+    body->appendFormat("%.4X-%d ", (int)(hash >> 16) & 0xFFFF, (int) hash & 0xFFFF);
+
+    // log author (if present)
+    handleAuthor(fmtEntry, body);
+
+    // log string
+    EntryIterator arg = fmtEntry.args();
+
+    const char* fmt = fmtEntry.formatString();
+    size_t fmt_length = fmtEntry.formatStringLength();
+
+    for (size_t fmt_offset = 0; fmt_offset < fmt_length; ++fmt_offset) {
+        if (fmt[fmt_offset] != '%') {
+            body->append(&fmt[fmt_offset], 1); // TODO optimize to write consecutive strings at once
+            continue;
+        }
+        // case "%%""
+        if (fmt[++fmt_offset] == '%') {
+            body->append("%");
+            continue;
+        }
+        // case "%\0"
+        if (fmt_offset == fmt_length) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        Event event = (Event) arg->type;
+        size_t length = arg->length;
+
+        // TODO check length for event type is correct
+
+        if (event == EVENT_FMT_END) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // TODO: implement more complex formatting such as %.3f
+        const uint8_t *datum = arg->data; // pointer to the current event args
+        switch(fmt[fmt_offset])
+        {
+        case 's': // string
+            ALOGW_IF(event != EVENT_FMT_STRING,
+                "NBLog Reader incompatible event for string specifier: %d", event);
+            body->append((const char*) datum, length);
+            break;
+
+        case 't': // timestamp
+            ALOGW_IF(event != EVENT_FMT_TIMESTAMP,
+                "NBLog Reader incompatible event for timestamp specifier: %d", event);
+            appendTimestamp(body, datum);
+            break;
+
+        case 'd': // integer
+            ALOGW_IF(event != EVENT_FMT_INTEGER,
+                "NBLog Reader incompatible event for integer specifier: %d", event);
+            appendInt(body, datum);
+            break;
+
+        case 'f': // float
+            ALOGW_IF(event != EVENT_FMT_FLOAT,
+                "NBLog Reader incompatible event for float specifier: %d", event);
+            appendFloat(body, datum);
+            break;
+
+        case 'p': // pid
+            ALOGW_IF(event != EVENT_FMT_PID,
+                "NBLog Reader incompatible event for pid specifier: %d", event);
+            appendPID(body, datum, length);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            ALOGW("NBLog Reader encountered unknown character %c", fmt[fmt_offset]);
+        }
+        ++arg;
+    }
+    ALOGW_IF(arg->type != EVENT_FMT_END, "Expected end of format, got %d", arg->type);
+    return arg;
+}
+
+void DumpReader::appendInt(String8 *body, const void *data)
+{
+    if (body == nullptr || data == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    //int x = *((int*) data);
+    int x;
+    memcpy(&x, data, sizeof(x));
+    body->appendFormat("<%d>", x);
+}
+
+void DumpReader::appendFloat(String8 *body, const void *data)
+{
+    if (body == nullptr || data == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    float f;
+    memcpy(&f, data, sizeof(f));
+    body->appendFormat("<%f>", f);
+}
+
+void DumpReader::appendPID(String8 *body, const void* data, size_t length)
+{
+    if (body == nullptr || data == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    pid_t id = *((pid_t*) data);
+    char * name = &((char*) data)[sizeof(pid_t)];
+    body->appendFormat("<PID: %d, name: %.*s>", id, (int) (length - sizeof(pid_t)), name);
+}
+
+void DumpReader::appendTimestamp(String8 *body, const void *data)
+{
+    if (body == nullptr || data == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    int64_t ts;
+    memcpy(&ts, data, sizeof(ts));
+    body->appendFormat("[%d.%03d]", (int) (ts / (1000 * 1000 * 1000)),
+                    (int) ((ts / (1000 * 1000)) % 1000));
+}
+
+String8 DumpReader::bufferDump(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+    String8 str;
+    if (buffer == nullptr) {
+        return str;
+    }
+    str.append("[ ");
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        str.appendFormat("%d ", buffer[i]);
+    }
+    str.append("]");
+    return str;
+}
+
+String8 DumpReader::bufferDump(const EntryIterator &it)
+{
+    return bufferDump(it, it->length + Entry::kOverhead);
+}
+
+}   // namespace NBLog
+}   // namespace android