diff --git a/apex/manifest.json b/apex/manifest.json
index 4b75b04..1a26bff 100644
--- a/apex/manifest.json
+++ b/apex/manifest.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "com.android.media",
-  "version": 339990000,
+  "version": 330400000,
   "requireNativeLibs": [
     "libandroid.so",
     "libbinder_ndk.so",
diff --git a/apex/manifest_codec.json b/apex/manifest_codec.json
index fbcbb69..9426e59 100644
--- a/apex/manifest_codec.json
+++ b/apex/manifest_codec.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "com.android.media.swcodec",
-  "version": 339990000,
+  "version": 330400000,
   "requireNativeLibs": [
     ":sphal"
   ]
diff --git a/camera/Android.bp b/camera/Android.bp
index e44202b..3e28e4f 100644
--- a/camera/Android.bp
+++ b/camera/Android.bp
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@
         "libgui",
         "libcamera_metadata",
         "libnativewindow",
+        "lib-platform-compat-native-api",
     ],
 
     include_dirs: [
diff --git a/camera/Camera.cpp b/camera/Camera.cpp
index 604dbb8..d1618e4 100644
--- a/camera/Camera.cpp
+++ b/camera/Camera.cpp
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@
 }
 
 sp<Camera> Camera::connect(int cameraId, const String16& clientPackageName,
-        int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion)
+        int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion, bool overrideToPortrait)
 {
     return CameraBaseT::connect(cameraId, clientPackageName, clientUid,
-            clientPid, targetSdkVersion);
+            clientPid, targetSdkVersion, overrideToPortrait);
 }
 
 status_t Camera::reconnect()
diff --git a/camera/CameraBase.cpp b/camera/CameraBase.cpp
index 24c9108..0a5bc12 100644
--- a/camera/CameraBase.cpp
+++ b/camera/CameraBase.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/ICameraService.h>
+#include <com/android/internal/compat/IPlatformCompatNative.h>
 
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
@@ -161,7 +162,8 @@
 template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
 sp<TCam> CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::connect(int cameraId,
                                                const String16& clientPackageName,
-                                               int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion)
+                                               int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion,
+                                               bool overrideToPortrait)
 {
     ALOGV("%s: connect", __FUNCTION__);
     sp<TCam> c = new TCam(cameraId);
@@ -171,8 +173,9 @@
     binder::Status ret;
     if (cs != nullptr) {
         TCamConnectService fnConnectService = TCamTraits::fnConnectService;
+        ALOGI("Connect camera (legacy API) - overrideToPortrait %d", overrideToPortrait);
         ret = (cs.get()->*fnConnectService)(cl, cameraId, clientPackageName, clientUid,
-                                               clientPid, targetSdkVersion, /*out*/ &c->mCamera);
+                clientPid, targetSdkVersion, overrideToPortrait, /*out*/ &c->mCamera);
     }
     if (ret.isOk() && c->mCamera != nullptr) {
         IInterface::asBinder(c->mCamera)->linkToDeath(c);
@@ -273,10 +276,11 @@
 // this can be in BaseCamera but it should be an instance method
 template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
 status_t CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
+        bool overrideToPortrait,
         struct hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo) {
     const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> cs = getCameraService();
     if (cs == 0) return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-    binder::Status res = cs->getCameraInfo(cameraId, cameraInfo);
+    binder::Status res = cs->getCameraInfo(cameraId, overrideToPortrait, cameraInfo);
     return res.isOk() ? OK : res.serviceSpecificErrorCode();
 }
 
diff --git a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraService.aidl b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraService.aidl
index 1e748c7..01baba1 100644
--- a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraService.aidl
+++ b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraService.aidl
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
     /**
      * Fetch basic camera information for a camera device
      */
-    CameraInfo getCameraInfo(int cameraId);
+    CameraInfo getCameraInfo(int cameraId, boolean overrideToPortrait);
 
     /**
      * Default UID/PID values for non-privileged callers of
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@
             int cameraId,
             String opPackageName,
             int clientUid, int clientPid,
-            int targetSdkVersion);
+            int targetSdkVersion,
+            boolean overrideToPortrait);
 
     /**
      * Open a camera device through the new camera API
@@ -94,7 +95,8 @@
             String opPackageName,
             @nullable String featureId,
             int clientUid, int oomScoreOffset,
-            int targetSdkVersion);
+            int targetSdkVersion,
+            boolean overrideToPortrait);
 
     /**
      * Add listener for changes to camera device and flashlight state.
@@ -135,7 +137,8 @@
      * Read the static camera metadata for a camera device.
      * Only supported for device HAL versions >= 3.2
      */
-    CameraMetadataNative getCameraCharacteristics(String cameraId, int targetSdkVersion);
+    CameraMetadataNative getCameraCharacteristics(String cameraId, int targetSdkVersion,
+            boolean overrideToPortrait);
 
     /**
      * Read in the vendor tag descriptors from the camera module HAL.
diff --git a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraServiceProxy.aidl b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraServiceProxy.aidl
index 88783fb..fefea13 100644
--- a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraServiceProxy.aidl
+++ b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/ICameraServiceProxy.aidl
@@ -48,5 +48,5 @@
     /**
      * Checks if the camera has been disabled via device policy.
      */
-    boolean isCameraDisabled();
+    boolean isCameraDisabled(int userId);
 }
diff --git a/camera/include/camera/Camera.h b/camera/include/camera/Camera.h
index 58ccd69..26c36a7 100644
--- a/camera/include/camera/Camera.h
+++ b/camera/include/camera/Camera.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
     typedef ::android::hardware::ICameraClient TCamCallbacks;
     typedef ::android::binder::Status(::android::hardware::ICameraService::*TCamConnectService)
         (const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraClient>&,
-        int, const String16&, int, int, int,
+        int, const String16&, int, int, int, bool,
         /*out*/
         sp<::android::hardware::ICamera>*);
     static TCamConnectService     fnConnectService;
@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@
     static  sp<Camera>  create(const sp<::android::hardware::ICamera>& camera);
     static  sp<Camera>  connect(int cameraId,
                                 const String16& clientPackageName,
-                                int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion);
+                                int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion,
+                                bool overrideToPortrait);
 
             virtual     ~Camera();
 
diff --git a/camera/include/camera/CameraBase.h b/camera/include/camera/CameraBase.h
index 8e53968..9d0721b 100644
--- a/camera/include/camera/CameraBase.h
+++ b/camera/include/camera/CameraBase.h
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@
 
     static sp<TCam>      connect(int cameraId,
                                  const String16& clientPackageName,
-                                 int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion);
+                                 int clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion,
+                                 bool overrideToPortrait);
     virtual void         disconnect();
 
     void                 setListener(const sp<TCamListener>& listener);
@@ -127,6 +128,7 @@
     static int           getNumberOfCameras();
 
     static status_t      getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
+                                       bool overrideToPortrait,
                                        /*out*/
                                        struct hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo);
 
diff --git a/camera/ndk/impl/ACameraManager.cpp b/camera/ndk/impl/ACameraManager.cpp
index 5892f1a..02047ae 100644
--- a/camera/ndk/impl/ACameraManager.cpp
+++ b/camera/ndk/impl/ACameraManager.cpp
@@ -692,10 +692,11 @@
         ALOGE("%s: Cannot reach camera service!", __FUNCTION__);
         return ACAMERA_ERROR_CAMERA_DISCONNECTED;
     }
+
     CameraMetadata rawMetadata;
     int targetSdkVersion = android_get_application_target_sdk_version();
     binder::Status serviceRet = cs->getCameraCharacteristics(String16(cameraIdStr),
-            targetSdkVersion, &rawMetadata);
+            targetSdkVersion, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &rawMetadata);
     if (!serviceRet.isOk()) {
         switch(serviceRet.serviceSpecificErrorCode()) {
             case hardware::ICameraService::ERROR_DISCONNECTED:
@@ -747,7 +748,7 @@
     binder::Status serviceRet = cs->connectDevice(
             callbacks, String16(cameraId), String16(""), {},
             hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, /*oomScoreOffset*/0,
-            targetSdkVersion, /*out*/&deviceRemote);
+            targetSdkVersion, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, /*out*/&deviceRemote);
 
     if (!serviceRet.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("%s: connect camera device failed: %s", __FUNCTION__, serviceRet.toString8().string());
diff --git a/camera/tests/CameraBinderTests.cpp b/camera/tests/CameraBinderTests.cpp
index 17ea512..1af5637 100644
--- a/camera/tests/CameraBinderTests.cpp
+++ b/camera/tests/CameraBinderTests.cpp
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
         // Check metadata binder call
         CameraMetadata metadata;
         res = service->getCameraCharacteristics(cameraId,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &metadata);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &metadata);
         EXPECT_TRUE(res.isOk()) << res;
         EXPECT_FALSE(metadata.isEmpty());
 
@@ -386,7 +386,8 @@
         sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceUser> device;
         res = service->connectDevice(callbacks, cameraId, String16("meeeeeeeee!"),
                 {}, hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, /*oomScoreOffset*/ 0,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*out*/&device);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/false, /*out*/&device);
         EXPECT_TRUE(res.isOk()) << res;
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device.get());
         device->disconnect();
@@ -429,7 +430,8 @@
             SCOPED_TRACE("openNewDevice");
             binder::Status res = service->connectDevice(callbacks, deviceId, String16("meeeeeeeee!"),
                     {}, hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, /*oomScoreOffset*/ 0,
-                    /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*out*/&device);
+                    /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__,
+                    /*overrideToPortrait*/false, /*out*/&device);
             EXPECT_TRUE(res.isOk()) << res;
         }
         auto p = std::make_pair(callbacks, device);
diff --git a/camera/tests/CameraCharacteristicsPermission.cpp b/camera/tests/CameraCharacteristicsPermission.cpp
index 76dc38c..f2fa48c 100644
--- a/camera/tests/CameraCharacteristicsPermission.cpp
+++ b/camera/tests/CameraCharacteristicsPermission.cpp
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@
         CameraMetadata metadata;
         std::vector<int32_t> tagsNeedingPermission;
         rc = mCameraService->getCameraCharacteristics(cameraIdStr,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &metadata);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &metadata);
         ASSERT_TRUE(rc.isOk());
         EXPECT_FALSE(metadata.isEmpty());
         EXPECT_EQ(metadata.removePermissionEntries(CAMERA_METADATA_INVALID_VENDOR_ID,
diff --git a/camera/tests/CameraZSLTests.cpp b/camera/tests/CameraZSLTests.cpp
index efd9dae..bdfb84a 100644
--- a/camera/tests/CameraZSLTests.cpp
+++ b/camera/tests/CameraZSLTests.cpp
@@ -182,7 +182,8 @@
 
         CameraMetadata metadata;
         rc = mCameraService->getCameraCharacteristics(cameraIdStr,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &metadata);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/false,
+                &metadata);
         if (!rc.isOk()) {
             // The test is relevant only for cameras with Hal 3.x
             // support.
@@ -209,7 +210,8 @@
         rc = mCameraService->connect(this, cameraId,
                 String16("ZSLTest"), hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_UID,
                 hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_PID,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &cameraDevice);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &cameraDevice);
         EXPECT_TRUE(rc.isOk());
 
         CameraParameters params(cameraDevice->getParameters());
diff --git a/cmds/screenrecord/screenrecord.cpp b/cmds/screenrecord/screenrecord.cpp
index 2e0b678..d866c18 100644
--- a/cmds/screenrecord/screenrecord.cpp
+++ b/cmds/screenrecord/screenrecord.cpp
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
@@ -100,7 +103,6 @@
 static const uint32_t kFallbackHeight = 720;
 static const char* kMimeTypeAvc = "video/avc";
 static const char* kMimeTypeApplicationOctetstream = "application/octet-stream";
-static const char* kWinscopeMagicString = "#VV1NSC0PET1ME!#";
 
 // Command-line parameters.
 static bool gVerbose = false;           // chatty on stdout
@@ -354,14 +356,15 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Writes an unsigned integer byte-by-byte in little endian order regardless
+ * Writes an unsigned/signed integer byte-by-byte in little endian order regardless
  * of the platform endianness.
  */
-template <typename UINT>
-static void writeValueLE(UINT value, uint8_t* buffer) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(UINT); ++i) {
-        buffer[i] = static_cast<uint8_t>(value);
-        value >>= 8;
+template <typename T>
+static void writeValueLE(T value, uint8_t* buffer) {
+    std::remove_const_t<T> temp = value;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(T); ++i) {
+        buffer[i] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(temp & 0xff);
+        temp >>= 8;
     }
 }
 
@@ -377,16 +380,18 @@
  * - for every frame its presentation time relative to the elapsed realtime clock in microseconds
  *   (as little endian uint64).
  */
-static status_t writeWinscopeMetadata(const Vector<int64_t>& timestamps,
+static status_t writeWinscopeMetadataLegacy(const Vector<int64_t>& timestamps,
         const ssize_t metaTrackIdx, AMediaMuxer *muxer) {
-    ALOGV("Writing metadata");
+    static constexpr auto kWinscopeMagicStringLegacy = "#VV1NSC0PET1ME!#";
+
+    ALOGV("Writing winscope metadata legacy");
     int64_t systemTimeToElapsedTimeOffsetMicros = (android::elapsedRealtimeNano()
         - systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)) / 1000;
     sp<ABuffer> buffer = new ABuffer(timestamps.size() * sizeof(int64_t)
-        + sizeof(uint32_t) + strlen(kWinscopeMagicString));
+        + sizeof(uint32_t) + strlen(kWinscopeMagicStringLegacy));
     uint8_t* pos = buffer->data();
-    strcpy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(pos), kWinscopeMagicString);
-    pos += strlen(kWinscopeMagicString);
+    strcpy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(pos), kWinscopeMagicStringLegacy);
+    pos += strlen(kWinscopeMagicStringLegacy);
     writeValueLE<uint32_t>(timestamps.size(), pos);
     pos += sizeof(uint32_t);
     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < timestamps.size(); ++idx) {
@@ -395,10 +400,79 @@
         pos += sizeof(uint64_t);
     }
     AMediaCodecBufferInfo bufferInfo = {
-        0,
+        0 /* offset */,
         static_cast<int32_t>(buffer->size()),
-        timestamps[0],
-        0
+        timestamps[0] /* presentationTimeUs */,
+        0 /* flags */
+    };
+    return AMediaMuxer_writeSampleData(muxer, metaTrackIdx, buffer->data(), &bufferInfo);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Saves metadata needed by Winscope to synchronize the screen recording playback with other traces.
+ *
+ * The metadata (version 2) is written as a binary array with the following format:
+ * - winscope magic string (#VV1NSC0PET1ME2#, 16B).
+ * - the metadata version number (4B little endian).
+ * - Realtime-to-elapsed time offset in nanoseconds (8B little endian).
+ * - the recorded frames count (8B little endian)
+ * - for each recorded frame:
+ *     - System time in elapsed clock timebase in nanoseconds (8B little endian).
+ *
+ *
+ * Metadata version 2 changes
+ *
+ * Use elapsed time for compatibility with other UI traces (most of them):
+ * - Realtime-to-elapsed time offset (instead of realtime-to-monotonic)
+ * - Frame timestamps in elapsed clock timebase (instead of monotonic)
+ */
+static status_t writeWinscopeMetadata(const Vector<std::int64_t>& timestampsMonotonicUs,
+        const ssize_t metaTrackIdx, AMediaMuxer *muxer) {
+    ALOGV("Writing winscope metadata");
+
+    static constexpr auto kWinscopeMagicString = std::string_view {"#VV1NSC0PET1ME2#"};
+    static constexpr std::uint32_t metadataVersion = 2;
+
+    const auto elapsedTimeNs = android::elapsedRealtimeNano();
+    const std::int64_t elapsedToMonotonicTimeOffsetNs =
+            elapsedTimeNs - systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
+    const std::int64_t realToElapsedTimeOffsetNs =
+            systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_REALTIME) - elapsedTimeNs;
+    const std::uint32_t framesCount = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(timestampsMonotonicUs.size());
+
+    sp<ABuffer> buffer = new ABuffer(
+        kWinscopeMagicString.size() +
+        sizeof(decltype(metadataVersion)) +
+        sizeof(decltype(realToElapsedTimeOffsetNs)) +
+        sizeof(decltype(framesCount)) +
+        framesCount * sizeof(std::uint64_t)
+    );
+    std::uint8_t* pos = buffer->data();
+
+    std::copy(kWinscopeMagicString.cbegin(), kWinscopeMagicString.cend(), pos);
+    pos += kWinscopeMagicString.size();
+
+    writeValueLE(metadataVersion, pos);
+    pos += sizeof(decltype(metadataVersion));
+
+    writeValueLE(realToElapsedTimeOffsetNs, pos);
+    pos += sizeof(decltype(realToElapsedTimeOffsetNs));
+
+    writeValueLE(framesCount, pos);
+    pos += sizeof(decltype(framesCount));
+
+    for (const auto timestampMonotonicUs : timestampsMonotonicUs) {
+        const auto timestampElapsedNs =
+                elapsedToMonotonicTimeOffsetNs + timestampMonotonicUs * 1000;
+        writeValueLE<std::uint64_t>(timestampElapsedNs, pos);
+        pos += sizeof(std::uint64_t);
+    }
+
+    AMediaCodecBufferInfo bufferInfo = {
+        0 /* offset */,
+        static_cast<std::int32_t>(buffer->size()),
+        timestampsMonotonicUs[0] /* presentationTimeUs */,
+        0 /* flags */
     };
     return AMediaMuxer_writeSampleData(muxer, metaTrackIdx, buffer->data(), &bufferInfo);
 }
@@ -418,11 +492,12 @@
     static int kTimeout = 250000;   // be responsive on signal
     status_t err;
     ssize_t trackIdx = -1;
+    ssize_t metaLegacyTrackIdx = -1;
     ssize_t metaTrackIdx = -1;
     uint32_t debugNumFrames = 0;
     int64_t startWhenNsec = systemTime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
     int64_t endWhenNsec = startWhenNsec + seconds_to_nanoseconds(gTimeLimitSec);
-    Vector<int64_t> timestamps;
+    Vector<int64_t> timestampsMonotonicUs;
     bool firstFrame = true;
 
     assert((rawFp == NULL && muxer != NULL) || (rawFp != NULL && muxer == NULL));
@@ -520,9 +595,9 @@
                     sp<ABuffer> buffer = new ABuffer(
                             buffers[bufIndex]->data(), buffers[bufIndex]->size());
                     AMediaCodecBufferInfo bufferInfo = {
-                        0,
+                        0 /* offset */,
                         static_cast<int32_t>(buffer->size()),
-                        ptsUsec,
+                        ptsUsec /* presentationTimeUs */,
                         flags
                     };
                     err = AMediaMuxer_writeSampleData(muxer, trackIdx, buffer->data(), &bufferInfo);
@@ -532,7 +607,7 @@
                         return err;
                     }
                     if (gOutputFormat == FORMAT_MP4) {
-                        timestamps.add(ptsUsec);
+                        timestampsMonotonicUs.add(ptsUsec);
                     }
                 }
                 debugNumFrames++;
@@ -565,6 +640,7 @@
                     if (gOutputFormat == FORMAT_MP4) {
                         AMediaFormat *metaFormat = AMediaFormat_new();
                         AMediaFormat_setString(metaFormat, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, kMimeTypeApplicationOctetstream);
+                        metaLegacyTrackIdx = AMediaMuxer_addTrack(muxer, metaFormat);
                         metaTrackIdx = AMediaMuxer_addTrack(muxer, metaFormat);
                         AMediaFormat_delete(metaFormat);
                     }
@@ -604,10 +680,16 @@
                         systemTime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - startWhenNsec));
         fflush(stdout);
     }
-    if (metaTrackIdx >= 0 && !timestamps.isEmpty()) {
-        err = writeWinscopeMetadata(timestamps, metaTrackIdx, muxer);
+    if (metaLegacyTrackIdx >= 0 && metaTrackIdx >= 0 && !timestampsMonotonicUs.isEmpty()) {
+        err = writeWinscopeMetadataLegacy(timestampsMonotonicUs, metaLegacyTrackIdx, muxer);
         if (err != NO_ERROR) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Failed writing metadata to muxer (err=%d)\n", err);
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed writing legacy winscope metadata to muxer (err=%d)\n", err);
+            return err;
+        }
+
+        err = writeWinscopeMetadata(timestampsMonotonicUs, metaTrackIdx, muxer);
+        if (err != NO_ERROR) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed writing winscope metadata to muxer (err=%d)\n", err);
             return err;
         }
     }
diff --git a/drm/libmediadrm/DrmHalHidl.cpp b/drm/libmediadrm/DrmHalHidl.cpp
index c38dbef..ea99483 100644
--- a/drm/libmediadrm/DrmHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/drm/libmediadrm/DrmHalHidl.cpp
@@ -513,10 +513,14 @@
         if (mimeType == "") {
             // isCryptoSchemeSupported(uuid)
             *isSupported = true;
-        } else {
-            // isCryptoSchemeSupported(uuid, mimeType)
-            *isSupported = factory->isContentTypeSupported(mimeType.string());
+            return OK;
         }
+        // isCryptoSchemeSupported(uuid, mimeType)
+        auto hResult = factory->isContentTypeSupported(mimeType.string());
+        if (!hResult.isOk()) {
+            return DEAD_OBJECT;
+        }
+        *isSupported = hResult;
         return OK;
     } else if (mimeType == "") {
         return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -526,8 +530,12 @@
     if (factoryV1_2 == NULL) {
         return ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
     } else {
-        *isSupported = factoryV1_2->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(uuid, mimeType.string(),
+        auto hResult = factoryV1_2->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(uuid, mimeType.string(),
                                                                 toHidlSecurityLevel(level));
+        if (!hResult.isOk()) {
+            return DEAD_OBJECT;
+        }
+        *isSupported = hResult;
         return OK;
     }
 }
@@ -537,7 +545,8 @@
     Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
     *isSupported = false;
     for (ssize_t i = mFactories.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-        if (mFactories[i]->isCryptoSchemeSupported(uuid)) {
+        auto hResult = mFactories[i]->isCryptoSchemeSupported(uuid);
+        if (hResult.isOk() && hResult) {
             return matchMimeTypeAndSecurityLevel(mFactories[i], uuid, mimeType, level, isSupported);
         }
     }
diff --git a/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/aidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp b/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/aidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
index 201cf02..afc9b6a 100644
--- a/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/aidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
+++ b/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/aidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
@@ -144,6 +144,11 @@
             clearDataLengths.push_back(ss.numBytesOfClearData);
             encryptedDataLengths.push_back(ss.numBytesOfEncryptedData);
         }
+        if (in_args.keyId.size() != kBlockSize || in_args.iv.size() != kBlockSize) {
+            android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "244569759");
+            detailedError = "invalid decrypt parameter size";
+            return toNdkScopedAStatus(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, detailedError);
+        }
         auto res =
                 mSession->decrypt(in_args.keyId.data(), in_args.iv.data(),
                                   srcPtr, static_cast<uint8_t*>(destPtr),
diff --git a/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/hidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp b/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/hidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
index 3a675f6..7bc320d 100644
--- a/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/hidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
+++ b/drm/mediadrm/plugins/clearkey/hidl/CryptoPlugin.cpp
@@ -206,6 +206,11 @@
         return Void();
     } else if (mode == Mode::AES_CTR) {
         size_t bytesDecrypted;
+        if (keyId.size() != kBlockSize || iv.size() != kBlockSize) {
+            android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "244569759");
+            _hidl_cb(Status_V1_2::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, 0, "invalid decrypt parameter size");
+            return Void();
+        }
         Status_V1_2 res = mSession->decrypt(keyId.data(), iv.data(), srcPtr,
                 static_cast<uint8_t*>(destPtr), toVector(subSamples), &bytesDecrypted);
         if (res == Status_V1_2::OK) {
diff --git a/include/private/media/VideoFrame.h b/include/private/media/VideoFrame.h
index d4025e5..78ea2a1 100644
--- a/include/private/media/VideoFrame.h
+++ b/include/private/media/VideoFrame.h
@@ -42,9 +42,15 @@
         mWidth(width), mHeight(height),
         mDisplayWidth(displayWidth), mDisplayHeight(displayHeight),
         mTileWidth(tileWidth), mTileHeight(tileHeight), mDurationUs(0),
-        mRotationAngle(angle), mBytesPerPixel(bpp), mRowBytes(bpp * width),
-        mSize(hasData ? (bpp * width * height) : 0),
-        mIccSize(iccSize), mBitDepth(bitDepth) {
+        mRotationAngle(angle), mBytesPerPixel(bpp), mIccSize(iccSize),
+        mBitDepth(bitDepth) {
+            uint32_t multVal;
+            mRowBytes = __builtin_mul_overflow(bpp, width, &multVal) ? 0 : multVal;
+            mSize = __builtin_mul_overflow(multVal, height, &multVal) ? 0 : multVal;
+            if (hasData && (mRowBytes == 0 || mSize == 0)) {
+                ALOGE("Frame rowBytes/ size overflow %dx%d bpp %d", width, height, bpp);
+                android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "233006499");
+            }
     }
 
     void init(const VideoFrame& copy, const void* iccData, size_t iccSize) {
diff --git a/media/TEST_MAPPING b/media/TEST_MAPPING
index a4c03ba..048301f 100644
--- a/media/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/media/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -23,8 +23,51 @@
         {
             "path": "frameworks/av/drm/mediadrm/plugins"
         }
+    ],
+
+    "platinum-postsubmit": [
+        // runs regularly, independent of changes in this tree.
+        // signals if changes elsewhere break media functionality
+        // @FlakyTest: in staged-postsubmit, but not postsubmit
+        {
+            "name": "CtsMediaCodecTestCases",
+            "options": [
+                {
+                    "include-filter": "android.media.codec.cts.EncodeDecodeTest"
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "CtsMediaCodecTestCases",
+            "options": [
+                {
+                    "include-filter": "android.media.codec.cts.DecodeEditEncodeTest"
+                },
+                {
+                    "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.FlakyTest"
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ],
+
+    "staged-platinum-postsubmit": [
+        // runs every four hours
+        {
+            "name": "CtsMediaCodecTestCases",
+            "options": [
+                {
+                    "include-filter": "android.media.codec.cts.EncodeDecodeTest"
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "CtsMediaCodecTestCases",
+            "options": [
+                {
+                    "include-filter": "android.media.codec.cts.DecodeEditEncodeTest"
+                }
+            ]
+        }
     ]
 
-    // TODO (b/229286407) Add EncodeDecodeTest and DecodeEditEncodeTest to
-    // platinum-postsubmit once issues in cuttlefish are fixed
 }
diff --git a/media/codec2/hidl/1.0/utils/types.cpp b/media/codec2/hidl/1.0/utils/types.cpp
index 5c24bd7..319ba62 100644
--- a/media/codec2/hidl/1.0/utils/types.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/hidl/1.0/utils/types.cpp
@@ -1447,6 +1447,10 @@
 bool objcpy(C2BaseBlock* d, const BaseBlock& s) {
     switch (s.getDiscriminator()) {
     case BaseBlock::hidl_discriminator::nativeBlock: {
+            if (s.nativeBlock() == nullptr) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Null BaseBlock::nativeBlock handle";
+                return false;
+            }
             native_handle_t* sHandle =
                     native_handle_clone(s.nativeBlock());
             if (sHandle == nullptr) {
@@ -1609,6 +1613,7 @@
     // assuming blob is const here
     size_t size = blob.size();
     size_t ix = 0;
+    size_t old_ix = 0;
     const uint8_t *data = blob.data();
     C2Param *p = nullptr;
 
@@ -1616,8 +1621,13 @@
         p = C2ParamUtils::ParseFirst(data + ix, size - ix);
         if (p) {
             params->emplace_back(p);
+            old_ix = ix;
             ix += p->size();
             ix = align(ix, PARAMS_ALIGNMENT);
+            if (ix <= old_ix || ix > size) {
+                android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "238083570");
+                break;
+            }
         }
     } while (p);
 
diff --git a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodec.cpp b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodec.cpp
index 296d7ed..72301db 100644
--- a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodec.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodec.cpp
@@ -1899,6 +1899,7 @@
         comp = state->comp;
     }
     status_t err = comp->stop();
+    mChannel->stopUseOutputSurface();
     if (err != C2_OK) {
         // TODO: convert err into status_t
         mCallback->onError(UNKNOWN_ERROR, ACTION_CODE_FATAL);
@@ -1992,6 +1993,7 @@
         comp = state->comp;
     }
     comp->release();
+    mChannel->stopUseOutputSurface();
 
     {
         Mutexed<State>::Locked state(mState);
@@ -2139,7 +2141,8 @@
 
     std::map<size_t, sp<MediaCodecBuffer>> clientInputBuffers;
     status_t err = mChannel->prepareInitialInputBuffers(&clientInputBuffers);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    // FIXME(b/237656746)
+    if (err != OK && err != NO_MEMORY) {
         ALOGE("Resume request for Input Buffers failed");
         mCallback->onError(err, ACTION_CODE_FATAL);
         return;
diff --git a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.cpp b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.cpp
index 5ecb130..4bf8dce 100644
--- a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.cpp
@@ -960,9 +960,9 @@
                     hdrDynamicInfo->m.data + hdrDynamicInfo->flexCount());
         }
         qbi.setHdrMetadata(hdr);
-
-        SetHdrMetadataToGralloc4Handle(hdrStaticInfo, hdrDynamicInfo, block.handle());
     }
+    SetMetadataToGralloc4Handle(dataSpace, hdrStaticInfo, hdrDynamicInfo, block.handle());
+
     // we don't have dirty regions
     qbi.setSurfaceDamage(Region::INVALID_REGION);
     android::IGraphicBufferProducer::QueueBufferOutput qbo;
@@ -1578,6 +1578,17 @@
     mFirstValidFrameIndex = mFrameIndex.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
+void CCodecBufferChannel::stopUseOutputSurface() {
+    if (mOutputSurface.lock()->surface) {
+        C2BlockPool::local_id_t outputPoolId;
+        {
+            Mutexed<BlockPools>::Locked pools(mBlockPools);
+            outputPoolId = pools->outputPoolId;
+        }
+        if (mComponent) mComponent->stopUsingOutputSurface(outputPoolId);
+    }
+}
+
 void CCodecBufferChannel::reset() {
     stop();
     if (mInputSurface != nullptr) {
@@ -1593,14 +1604,6 @@
         Mutexed<Output>::Locked output(mOutput);
         output->buffers.reset();
     }
-    if (mOutputSurface.lock()->surface) {
-        C2BlockPool::local_id_t outputPoolId;
-        {
-            Mutexed<BlockPools>::Locked pools(mBlockPools);
-            outputPoolId = pools->outputPoolId;
-        }
-        mComponent->stopUsingOutputSurface(outputPoolId);
-    }
 }
 
 void CCodecBufferChannel::release() {
diff --git a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.h b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.h
index f29a225..61fb06f 100644
--- a/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.h
+++ b/media/codec2/sfplugin/CCodecBufferChannel.h
@@ -149,6 +149,12 @@
             std::map<size_t, sp<MediaCodecBuffer>> &&clientInputBuffers);
 
     /**
+     * Stop using buffers of the current output surface for other Codec
+     * instances to use the surface safely.
+     */
+    void stopUseOutputSurface();
+
+    /**
      * Stop queueing buffers to the component. This object should never queue
      * buffers after this call, until start() is called.
      */
diff --git a/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.cpp b/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.cpp
index cde4c72..55e0c45 100644
--- a/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.cpp
@@ -998,9 +998,11 @@
 }
 
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Cta861_3;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Dataspace;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Smpte2086;
 
 using ::android::gralloc4::MetadataType_Cta861_3;
+using ::android::gralloc4::MetadataType_Dataspace;
 using ::android::gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2086;
 using ::android::gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2094_40;
 
@@ -1156,7 +1158,8 @@
     return err;
 }
 
-c2_status_t SetHdrMetadataToGralloc4Handle(
+c2_status_t SetMetadataToGralloc4Handle(
+        android_dataspace_t dataSpace,
         const std::shared_ptr<const C2StreamHdrStaticMetadataInfo::output> &staticInfo,
         const std::shared_ptr<const C2StreamHdrDynamicMetadataInfo::output> &dynamicInfo,
         const C2Handle *const handle) {
@@ -1167,6 +1170,17 @@
         // Gralloc4 not supported; nothing to do
         return err;
     }
+    {
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> metadata;
+        if (gralloc4::encodeDataspace(static_cast<Dataspace>(dataSpace), &metadata) == OK) {
+            Return<Error4> ret = mapper->set(buffer.get(), MetadataType_Dataspace, metadata);
+            if (!ret.isOk()) {
+                err = C2_REFUSED;
+            } else if (ret != Error4::NONE) {
+                err = C2_CORRUPTED;
+            }
+        }
+    }
     if (staticInfo && *staticInfo) {
         ALOGV("Setting static HDR info as gralloc4 metadata");
         std::optional<Smpte2086> smpte2086 = Smpte2086{
diff --git a/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.h b/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.h
index b02b042..b73acab 100644
--- a/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.h
+++ b/media/codec2/sfplugin/Codec2Buffer.h
@@ -410,14 +410,16 @@
         std::shared_ptr<C2StreamHdrDynamicMetadataInfo::input> *dynamicInfo);
 
 /**
- * Set HDR metadata to Gralloc4 handle.
+ * Set metadata to Gralloc4 handle.
  *
+ * \param[in]   dataSpace   Dataspace to set.
  * \param[in]   staticInfo  HDR static info to set. Ignored if null or invalid.
  * \param[in]   dynamicInfo HDR dynamic info to set. Ignored if null or invalid.
  * \param[out]  handle      handle of the allocation.
  * \return C2_OK if successful
  */
-c2_status_t SetHdrMetadataToGralloc4Handle(
+c2_status_t SetMetadataToGralloc4Handle(
+        const android_dataspace_t dataSpace,
         const std::shared_ptr<const C2StreamHdrStaticMetadataInfo::output> &staticInfo,
         const std::shared_ptr<const C2StreamHdrDynamicMetadataInfo::output> &dynamicInfo,
         const C2Handle *const handle);
diff --git a/media/codec2/vndk/include/C2SurfaceSyncObj.h b/media/codec2/vndk/include/C2SurfaceSyncObj.h
index ac87fe4..d858f27 100644
--- a/media/codec2/vndk/include/C2SurfaceSyncObj.h
+++ b/media/codec2/vndk/include/C2SurfaceSyncObj.h
@@ -72,12 +72,13 @@
     /**
      * Notify a buffer is queued. Return whether the upcoming dequeue operation
      * is not blocked. if it's blocked and waitId is non-null, waitId is returned
-     * to be used for waiting.
+     * to be used for waiting. Notify(wake-up) waitors only when 'notify' is
+     * true.
      *
      * \retval false    dequeue operation is blocked now.
      * \retval true     dequeue operation is possible.
      */
-    bool notifyQueuedLocked(uint32_t *waitId = nullptr);
+    bool notifyQueuedLocked(uint32_t *waitId = nullptr, bool notify = true);
 
     /**
      * Notify a buffer is dequeued.
diff --git a/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2BqBuffer.cpp b/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2BqBuffer.cpp
index e67e42f..f2cd585 100644
--- a/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2BqBuffer.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2BqBuffer.cpp
@@ -432,12 +432,16 @@
         if (fence) {
             static constexpr int kFenceWaitTimeMs = 10;
 
+            if (bufferNeedsReallocation) {
+                mBuffers[slot].clear();
+            }
+
             status_t status = fence->wait(kFenceWaitTimeMs);
             if (status == -ETIME) {
                 // fence is not signalled yet.
                 if (syncVar) {
-                    syncVar->lock();
                     (void)mProducer->cancelBuffer(slot, hFenceWrapper.getHandle()).isOk();
+                    syncVar->lock();
                     dequeueable = syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked(&waitId);
                     syncVar->unlock();
                     if (c2Fence) {
@@ -452,8 +456,8 @@
             if (status != android::NO_ERROR) {
                 ALOGD("buffer fence wait error %d", status);
                 if (syncVar) {
-                    syncVar->lock();
                     (void)mProducer->cancelBuffer(slot, hFenceWrapper.getHandle()).isOk();
+                    syncVar->lock();
                     syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked();
                     syncVar->unlock();
                     if (c2Fence) {
@@ -502,8 +506,8 @@
             } else if (status != android::NO_ERROR) {
                 slotBuffer.clear();
                 if (syncVar) {
-                    syncVar->lock();
                     (void)mProducer->cancelBuffer(slot, hFenceWrapper.getHandle()).isOk();
+                    syncVar->lock();
                     syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked();
                     syncVar->unlock();
                     if (c2Fence) {
@@ -550,8 +554,8 @@
             // Block was not created. call requestBuffer# again next time.
             slotBuffer.clear();
             if (syncVar) {
-                syncVar->lock();
                 (void)mProducer->cancelBuffer(slot, hFenceWrapper.getHandle()).isOk();
+                syncVar->lock();
                 syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked();
                 syncVar->unlock();
                 if (c2Fence) {
@@ -813,11 +817,10 @@
         if (mGeneration == mCurrentGeneration && mBqId == mCurrentBqId && !mOwner.expired()) {
             C2SyncVariables *syncVar = mSyncMem ? mSyncMem->mem() : nullptr;
             if (syncVar) {
+                mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
                 syncVar->lock();
-                if (syncVar->getSyncStatusLocked() == C2SyncVariables::STATUS_ACTIVE) {
-                    mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
-                    syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked();
-                }
+                syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked(nullptr,
+                        syncVar->getSyncStatusLocked() == C2SyncVariables::STATUS_ACTIVE);
                 syncVar->unlock();
             } else {
                 mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
@@ -826,11 +829,10 @@
     } else if (!mOwner.expired()) {
         C2SyncVariables *syncVar = mSyncMem ? mSyncMem->mem() : nullptr;
         if (syncVar) {
+            mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
             syncVar->lock();
-            if (syncVar->getSyncStatusLocked() != C2SyncVariables::STATUS_SWITCHING) {
-                mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
-                syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked();
-            }
+            syncVar->notifyQueuedLocked(nullptr,
+                    syncVar->getSyncStatusLocked() != C2SyncVariables::STATUS_SWITCHING);
             syncVar->unlock();
         } else {
             mIgbp->cancelBuffer(mBqSlot, hidl_handle{}).isOk();
diff --git a/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2SurfaceSyncObj.cpp b/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2SurfaceSyncObj.cpp
index 6be4d09..bf4ca32 100644
--- a/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2SurfaceSyncObj.cpp
+++ b/media/codec2/vndk/platform/C2SurfaceSyncObj.cpp
@@ -182,12 +182,14 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool C2SyncVariables::notifyQueuedLocked(uint32_t *waitId) {
+bool C2SyncVariables::notifyQueuedLocked(uint32_t *waitId, bool notify) {
     // Note. thundering herds may occur. Edge trigged signalling.
     // But one waiter will guarantee to dequeue. others may wait again.
     // Minimize futex syscall(trap) for the main use case(one waiter case).
     if (mMaxDequeueCount == mCurDequeueCount--) {
-        broadcast();
+        if (notify) {
+            broadcast();
+        }
         return true;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp b/media/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
index 7f97ddc..fb9dfb4 100644
--- a/media/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
@@ -5897,12 +5897,18 @@
             return -EINVAL;
         }
 
-        int32_t dataOffsetDelta;
-        if (!mDataSource->getUInt32(offset, (uint32_t*)&dataOffsetDelta)) {
+        uint32_t dataOffsetDelta;
+        if (!mDataSource->getUInt32(offset, &dataOffsetDelta)) {
             return ERROR_MALFORMED;
         }
 
-        dataOffset = mTrackFragmentHeaderInfo.mBaseDataOffset + dataOffsetDelta;
+        if (__builtin_add_overflow(
+                mTrackFragmentHeaderInfo.mBaseDataOffset, dataOffsetDelta, &dataOffset)) {
+            ALOGW("b/232242894 mBaseDataOffset(%" PRIu64 ") + dataOffsetDelta(%u) overflows uint64",
+                    mTrackFragmentHeaderInfo.mBaseDataOffset, dataOffsetDelta);
+            android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "232242894");
+            return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+        }
 
         offset += 4;
         size -= 4;
@@ -6036,7 +6042,12 @@
             return NO_MEMORY;
         }
 
-        dataOffset += sampleSize;
+        if (__builtin_add_overflow(dataOffset, sampleSize, &dataOffset)) {
+            ALOGW("b/232242894 dataOffset(%" PRIu64 ") + sampleSize(%u) overflows uint64",
+                    dataOffset, sampleSize);
+            android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "232242894");
+            return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+        }
     }
 
     mTrackFragmentHeaderInfo.mDataOffset = dataOffset;
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/AidlConversion.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/AidlConversion.cpp
index 11724e0..4133bd0 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/AidlConversion.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/AidlConversion.cpp
@@ -3388,4 +3388,24 @@
             enumToMask_index<int32_t, media::AudioDirectMode>);
 }
 
+ConversionResult<audio_latency_mode_t>
+aidl2legacy_LatencyMode_audio_latency_mode_t(media::LatencyMode aidl) {
+    switch (aidl) {
+        case media::LatencyMode::FREE:
+            return AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE;
+        case media::LatencyMode::LOW:
+            return AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW;
+    }
+    return unexpected(BAD_VALUE);
+}
+ConversionResult<media::LatencyMode>
+legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode(audio_latency_mode_t legacy) {
+    switch (legacy) {
+        case AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE:
+            return media::LatencyMode::FREE;
+        case AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW:
+            return media::LatencyMode::LOW;
+    }
+    return unexpected(BAD_VALUE);
+}
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/Android.bp b/media/libaudioclient/Android.bp
index 69a9c68..dccef0e 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/Android.bp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/Android.bp
@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@
         "aidl/android/media/AudioUniqueIdUse.aidl",
         "aidl/android/media/AudioVibratorInfo.aidl",
         "aidl/android/media/EffectDescriptor.aidl",
+        "aidl/android/media/LatencyMode.aidl",
         "aidl/android/media/TrackSecondaryOutputInfo.aidl",
     ],
     imports: [
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
index 7b273ec..dc21c52 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/AudioEffect.cpp
@@ -540,7 +540,6 @@
     if (cb != nullptr) {
         cb->onError(mStatus);
     }
-    mIEffect.clear();
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/AudioSystem.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/AudioSystem.cpp
index de8c298..bacca3a 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/AudioSystem.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/AudioSystem.cpp
@@ -670,6 +670,30 @@
     return Status::ok();
 }
 
+Status AudioSystem::AudioFlingerClient::onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+        int output, const std::vector<media::LatencyMode>& latencyModes) {
+    audio_io_handle_t outputLegacy = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER_STATUS(
+            aidl2legacy_int32_t_audio_io_handle_t(output));
+    std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> modesLegacy = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER_STATUS(
+            convertContainer<std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>>(
+                    latencyModes, aidl2legacy_LatencyMode_audio_latency_mode_t));
+
+    std::vector<sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>> callbacks;
+    {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+        for (auto callback : mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks) {
+            if (auto ref = callback.promote(); ref != nullptr) {
+                callbacks.push_back(ref);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (const auto& callback : callbacks) {
+        callback->onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(outputLegacy, modesLegacy);
+    }
+
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
 status_t AudioSystem::AudioFlingerClient::getInputBufferSize(
         uint32_t sampleRate, audio_format_t format,
         audio_channel_mask_t channelMask, size_t* buffSize) {
@@ -749,6 +773,31 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t AudioSystem::AudioFlingerClient::addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback) {
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    if (std::find(mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.begin(),
+                  mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.end(),
+                  callback) != mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.end()) {
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+    mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.push_back(callback);
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+status_t AudioSystem::AudioFlingerClient::removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback) {
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    auto it = std::find(mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.begin(),
+                                 mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.end(),
+                                 callback);
+    if (it == mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.end()) {
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+    mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks.erase(it);
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 /* static */ uintptr_t AudioSystem::addErrorCallback(audio_error_callback cb) {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(gLockErrorCallbacks);
     gAudioErrorCallbacks.insert(cb);
@@ -1662,6 +1711,24 @@
     return afc->removeAudioDeviceCallback(callback, audioIo, portId);
 }
 
+status_t AudioSystem::addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback) {
+    const sp<AudioFlingerClient> afc = getAudioFlingerClient();
+    if (afc == 0) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return afc->addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(callback);
+}
+
+status_t AudioSystem::removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback) {
+    const sp<AudioFlingerClient> afc = getAudioFlingerClient();
+    if (afc == 0) {
+        return NO_INIT;
+    }
+    return afc->removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(callback);
+}
+
 audio_port_handle_t AudioSystem::getDeviceIdForIo(audio_io_handle_t audioIo) {
     const sp<IAudioFlinger>& af = AudioSystem::get_audio_flinger();
     if (af == 0) return PERMISSION_DENIED;
@@ -2338,6 +2405,24 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t AudioSystem::setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+    const sp<IAudioFlinger>& af = AudioSystem::get_audio_flinger();
+    if (af == nullptr) {
+        return PERMISSION_DENIED;
+    }
+    return af->setRequestedLatencyMode(output, mode);
+}
+
+status_t AudioSystem::getSupportedLatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) {
+    const sp<IAudioFlinger>& af = AudioSystem::get_audio_flinger();
+    if (af == nullptr) {
+        return PERMISSION_DENIED;
+    }
+    return af->getSupportedLatencyModes(output, modes);
+}
+
 class CaptureStateListenerImpl : public media::BnCaptureStateListener,
                                  public IBinder::DeathRecipient {
 public:
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp b/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
index 292d92f..f290453 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/IAudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-
+#include "IAudioFlinger.h"
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
-#include "IAudioFlinger.h"
+#include <system/thread_defs.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -810,10 +810,39 @@
     return statusTFromBinderStatus(mDelegate->setDeviceConnectedState(aidlPort, connected));
 }
 
+status_t AudioFlingerClientAdapter::setRequestedLatencyMode(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+    int32_t outputAidl = VALUE_OR_RETURN_STATUS(legacy2aidl_audio_io_handle_t_int32_t(output));
+    media::LatencyMode modeAidl  = VALUE_OR_RETURN_STATUS(
+            legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode(mode));
+    return statusTFromBinderStatus(mDelegate->setRequestedLatencyMode(outputAidl, modeAidl));
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlingerClientAdapter::getSupportedLatencyModes(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) {
+    if (modes == nullptr) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    int32_t outputAidl = VALUE_OR_RETURN_STATUS(legacy2aidl_audio_io_handle_t_int32_t(output));
+    std::vector<media::LatencyMode> modesAidl;
+
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(statusTFromBinderStatus(
+            mDelegate->getSupportedLatencyModes(outputAidl, &modesAidl)));
+
+    *modes = VALUE_OR_RETURN_STATUS(
+            convertContainer<std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>>(modesAidl,
+                     aidl2legacy_LatencyMode_audio_latency_mode_t));
+
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // AudioFlingerServerAdapter
 AudioFlingerServerAdapter::AudioFlingerServerAdapter(
-        const sp<AudioFlingerServerAdapter::Delegate>& delegate) : mDelegate(delegate) {}
+        const sp<AudioFlingerServerAdapter::Delegate>& delegate) : mDelegate(delegate) {
+    setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
+}
 
 status_t AudioFlingerServerAdapter::onTransact(uint32_t code,
                                                const Parcel& data,
@@ -1304,4 +1333,28 @@
     return Status::fromStatusT(mDelegate->setDeviceConnectedState(&portLegacy, connected));
 }
 
+Status AudioFlingerServerAdapter::setRequestedLatencyMode(
+        int32_t output, media::LatencyMode modeAidl) {
+    audio_io_handle_t outputLegacy = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER(
+            aidl2legacy_int32_t_audio_io_handle_t(output));
+    audio_latency_mode_t modeLegacy = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER(
+            aidl2legacy_LatencyMode_audio_latency_mode_t(modeAidl));
+    return Status::fromStatusT(mDelegate->setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            outputLegacy, modeLegacy));
+}
+
+Status AudioFlingerServerAdapter::getSupportedLatencyModes(
+        int output, std::vector<media::LatencyMode>* _aidl_return) {
+    audio_io_handle_t outputLegacy = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER(
+            aidl2legacy_int32_t_audio_io_handle_t(output));
+    std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> modesLegacy;
+
+    RETURN_BINDER_IF_ERROR(mDelegate->getSupportedLatencyModes(outputLegacy, &modesLegacy));
+
+    *_aidl_return = VALUE_OR_RETURN_BINDER(
+            convertContainer<std::vector<media::LatencyMode>>(
+                    modesLegacy, legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode));
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerClient.aidl b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerClient.aidl
index 421c31c..a2bb024 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerClient.aidl
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerClient.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import android.media.AudioIoConfigEvent;
 import android.media.AudioIoDescriptor;
+import android.media.LatencyMode;
 
 /**
  * A callback interface for AudioFlinger.
@@ -27,4 +28,10 @@
 interface IAudioFlingerClient {
     oneway void ioConfigChanged(AudioIoConfigEvent event,
                                 in AudioIoDescriptor ioDesc);
+    /**
+     * Called when the latency modes supported on a given output stream change.
+     * output is the I/O handle of the output stream for which the change is signalled.
+     * latencyModes is the new list of supported latency modes (See LatencyMode.aidl).
+     */
+    oneway void onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(int output, in LatencyMode[] latencyModes);
 }
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerService.aidl b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerService.aidl
index 10da028..9b8a843 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerService.aidl
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/IAudioFlingerService.aidl
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import android.media.IAudioFlingerClient;
 import android.media.IAudioRecord;
 import android.media.IAudioTrack;
+import android.media.LatencyMode;
 import android.media.MicrophoneInfoData;
 import android.media.RenderPosition;
 import android.media.TrackSecondaryOutputInfo;
@@ -228,6 +229,23 @@
 
     void setDeviceConnectedState(in AudioPort devicePort, boolean connected);
 
+    /**
+     * Requests a given latency mode (See LatencyMode.aidl) on an output stream.
+     * This can be used when some use case on a given mixer/stream can only be enabled
+     * if a specific latency mode is selected on the audio path below the HAL.
+     * For instance spatial audio with head tracking.
+     * output is the I/O handle of the output stream for which the request is made.
+     * latencyMode is the requested latency mode.
+     */
+     void setRequestedLatencyMode(int output, LatencyMode latencyMode);
+
+    /**
+     * Queries the list of latency modes (See LatencyMode.aidl) supported by an output stream.
+     * output is the I/O handle of the output stream to which the query applies.
+     * returns the list of supported latency modes.
+     */
+    LatencyMode[] getSupportedLatencyModes(int output);
+
     // When adding a new method, please review and update
     // IAudioFlinger.h AudioFlingerServerAdapter::Delegate::TransactionCode
     // AudioFlinger.cpp AudioFlinger::onTransactWrapper()
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/LatencyMode.aidl b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/LatencyMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b2a72b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/LatencyMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.media;
+
+/**
+ * The latency mode currently used by the spatializer mixer.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+@Backing(type="byte")
+enum LatencyMode {
+    /** No specific constraint on the latency */
+    FREE = 0,
+    /** A relatively low latency compatible with head tracking operation (e.g less than 100ms) */
+    LOW = 1,
+}
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AidlConversion.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AidlConversion.h
index e769303..1e66164 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AidlConversion.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AidlConversion.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include <android/media/AudioTimestampInternal.h>
 #include <android/media/AudioUniqueIdUse.h>
 #include <android/media/EffectDescriptor.h>
+#include <android/media/LatencyMode.h>
 #include <android/media/TrackSecondaryOutputInfo.h>
 #include <android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
 #include <android/media/audio/common/AudioConfig.h>
@@ -454,5 +455,9 @@
 ConversionResult<audio_direct_mode_t> aidl2legacy_int32_t_audio_direct_mode_t_mask(int32_t aidl);
 ConversionResult<int32_t> legacy2aidl_audio_direct_mode_t_int32_t_mask(audio_direct_mode_t legacy);
 
+ConversionResult<audio_latency_mode_t>
+aidl2legacy_LatencyMode_audio_latency_mode_t(media::LatencyMode aidl);
+ConversionResult<media::LatencyMode>
+legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode(audio_latency_mode_t legacy);
 
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioPolicy.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioPolicy.h
index 08b3da1..fbb1100 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioPolicy.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioPolicy.h
@@ -137,6 +137,11 @@
            == MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK_AND_RENDER;
 }
 
+static inline bool is_mix_loopback(uint32_t routeFlags) {
+    return (routeFlags & MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK)
+           == MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK;
+}
+
 }; // namespace android
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_AUDIO_POLICY_H
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioSystem.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioSystem.h
index 360b83d..9411f46 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioSystem.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/AudioSystem.h
@@ -569,6 +569,12 @@
     static status_t getDirectProfilesForAttributes(const audio_attributes_t* attr,
                                             std::vector<audio_profile>* audioProfiles);
 
+    static status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode);
+
+    static status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+            std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes);
+
     // A listener for capture state changes.
     class CaptureStateListener : public virtual RefBase {
     public:
@@ -644,6 +650,22 @@
                                               audio_io_handle_t audioIo,
                                               audio_port_handle_t portId);
 
+    class SupportedLatencyModesCallback : public virtual RefBase
+    {
+    public:
+
+                SupportedLatencyModesCallback() = default;
+        virtual ~SupportedLatencyModesCallback() = default;
+
+        virtual void onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+                audio_io_handle_t output, const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& modes) = 0;
+    };
+
+    static status_t addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+            const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback);
+    static status_t removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+            const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback);
+
     static audio_port_handle_t getDeviceIdForIo(audio_io_handle_t audioIo);
 
     static status_t setVibratorInfos(const std::vector<media::AudioVibratorInfo>& vibratorInfos);
@@ -682,6 +704,9 @@
                 media::AudioIoConfigEvent event,
                 const media::AudioIoDescriptor& ioDesc) override;
 
+        binder::Status onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+                int output, const std::vector<media::LatencyMode>& latencyModes) override;
+
         status_t addAudioDeviceCallback(const wp<AudioDeviceCallback>& callback,
                                                audio_io_handle_t audioIo,
                                                audio_port_handle_t portId);
@@ -689,6 +714,11 @@
                                            audio_io_handle_t audioIo,
                                            audio_port_handle_t portId);
 
+        status_t addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+                        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback);
+        status_t removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(
+                        const sp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>& callback);
+
         audio_port_handle_t getDeviceIdForIo(audio_io_handle_t audioIo);
 
     private:
@@ -697,6 +727,10 @@
 
         std::map<audio_io_handle_t, std::map<audio_port_handle_t, wp<AudioDeviceCallback>>>
                 mAudioDeviceCallbacks;
+
+        std::vector<wp<SupportedLatencyModesCallback>>
+                mSupportedLatencyModesCallbacks GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+
         // cached values for recording getInputBufferSize() queries
         size_t                              mInBuffSize;    // zero indicates cache is invalid
         uint32_t                            mInSamplingRate;
diff --git a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
index 3c3715d..c891ae6 100644
--- a/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
+++ b/media/libaudioclient/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
@@ -360,6 +360,13 @@
     virtual int32_t getAAudioHardwareBurstMinUsec() = 0;
 
     virtual status_t setDeviceConnectedState(const struct audio_port_v7 *port, bool connected) = 0;
+
+    virtual status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode) = 0;
+
+    virtual status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+            std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) = 0;
+
 };
 
 /**
@@ -462,6 +469,10 @@
     int32_t getAAudioMixerBurstCount() override;
     int32_t getAAudioHardwareBurstMinUsec() override;
     status_t setDeviceConnectedState(const struct audio_port_v7 *port, bool connected) override;
+    status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(audio_io_handle_t output,
+            audio_latency_mode_t mode) override;
+    status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) override;
 
 private:
     const sp<media::IAudioFlingerService> mDelegate;
@@ -551,6 +562,8 @@
             GET_AAUDIO_MIXER_BURST_COUNT = media::BnAudioFlingerService::TRANSACTION_getAAudioMixerBurstCount,
             GET_AAUDIO_HARDWARE_BURST_MIN_USEC = media::BnAudioFlingerService::TRANSACTION_getAAudioHardwareBurstMinUsec,
             SET_DEVICE_CONNECTED_STATE = media::BnAudioFlingerService::TRANSACTION_setDeviceConnectedState,
+            SET_REQUESTED_LATENCY_MODE = media::BnAudioFlingerService::TRANSACTION_setRequestedLatencyMode,
+            GET_SUPPORTED_LATENCY_MODES = media::BnAudioFlingerService::TRANSACTION_getSupportedLatencyModes,
         };
 
     protected:
@@ -672,7 +685,9 @@
     Status getAAudioMixerBurstCount(int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
     Status getAAudioHardwareBurstMinUsec(int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
     Status setDeviceConnectedState(const media::AudioPort& port, bool connected) override;
-
+    Status setRequestedLatencyMode(int output, media::LatencyMode mode) override;
+    Status getSupportedLatencyModes(int output,
+            std::vector<media::LatencyMode>* _aidl_return) override;
 private:
     const sp<AudioFlingerServerAdapter::Delegate> mDelegate;
 };
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.cpp
index fdfe225..3956a6c 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.cpp
@@ -17,11 +17,16 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "EffectHalHidl"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 #include <cutils/native_handle.h>
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <hwbinder/IPCThreadState.h>
 #include <media/EffectsFactoryApi.h>
+#include <mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h>
 #include <mediautils/TimeCheck.h>
+#include <system/audio_effects/effect_spatializer.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <util/EffectUtils.h>
@@ -50,6 +55,18 @@
     effect_descriptor_t halDescriptor{};
     if (EffectHalHidl::getDescriptor(&halDescriptor) == NO_ERROR) {
         mIsInput = (halDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC;
+        const bool isSpatializer =
+                memcmp(&halDescriptor.type, FX_IID_SPATIALIZER, sizeof(effect_uuid_t)) == 0;
+        if (isSpatializer) {
+            constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMin = 1;
+            constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMax = 3;
+            const int32_t priorityBoost = property_get_int32("audio.spatializer.priority", 1);
+            if (priorityBoost >= kRTPriorityMin && priorityBoost <= kRTPriorityMax) {
+                ALOGD("%s: audio.spatializer.priority %d on effect %lld",
+                         __func__, priorityBoost, (long long)effectId);
+                mHalThreadPriority = priorityBoost;
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -93,13 +110,13 @@
 }
 
 status_t EffectHalHidl::process() {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
 
     return processImpl(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::REQUEST_PROCESS));
 }
 
 status_t EffectHalHidl::processReverse() {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
 
     return processImpl(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::REQUEST_PROCESS_REVERSE));
 }
@@ -127,6 +144,8 @@
         ALOGE_IF(!mEfGroup, "Event flag creation for effects failed");
         return NO_INIT;
     }
+
+    (void)checkHalThreadPriority();
     mStatusMQ = std::move(tempStatusMQ);
     return OK;
 }
@@ -317,5 +336,67 @@
     return result;
 }
 
+status_t EffectHalHidl::getHalPid(pid_t *pid) const {
+    using ::android::hidl::base::V1_0::DebugInfo;
+    using ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceManager;
+    DebugInfo debugInfo;
+    const auto ret = mEffect->getDebugInfo([&] (const auto &info) {
+        debugInfo = info;
+    });
+    if (!ret.isOk()) {
+        ALOGW("%s: cannot get effect debug info", __func__);
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+    if (debugInfo.pid != (int)IServiceManager::PidConstant::NO_PID) {
+        *pid = debugInfo.pid;
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+    ALOGW("%s: effect debug info does not contain pid", __func__);
+    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+status_t EffectHalHidl::getHalWorkerTid(pid_t *tid) {
+    int32_t reply = -1;
+    uint32_t replySize = sizeof(reply);
+    const status_t status =
+            command('gtid', 0 /* cmdSize */, nullptr /* pCmdData */, &replySize, &reply);
+    if (status == OK) {
+        *tid = (pid_t)reply;
+    } else {
+        ALOGW("%s: failed with status:%d", __func__, status);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+bool EffectHalHidl::requestHalThreadPriority(pid_t threadPid, pid_t threadId) {
+    if (mHalThreadPriority == kRTPriorityDisabled) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    const int err = requestPriority(
+            threadPid, threadId,
+            mHalThreadPriority, false /*isForApp*/, true /*asynchronous*/);
+    ALOGW_IF(err, "%s: failed to set RT priority %d for pid %d tid %d; error %d",
+            __func__, mHalThreadPriority, threadPid, threadId, err);
+    // Audio will still work, but may be more susceptible to glitches.
+    return err == 0;
+}
+
+status_t EffectHalHidl::checkHalThreadPriority() {
+    if (mHalThreadPriority == kRTPriorityDisabled) return OK;
+    if (mHalThreadPriority < kRTPriorityMin
+            || mHalThreadPriority > kRTPriorityMax) return BAD_VALUE;
+
+    pid_t halPid, halWorkerTid;
+    const status_t status = getHalPid(&halPid) ?: getHalWorkerTid(&halWorkerTid);
+    const bool success = status == OK && requestHalThreadPriority(halPid, halWorkerTid);
+    ALOGD("%s: effectId %lld RT priority(%d) request %s%s",
+            __func__, (long long)mEffectId, mHalThreadPriority,
+            success ? "succeeded" : "failed",
+            status == OK
+                    ? base::StringPrintf(" for pid:%d tid:%d", halPid, halWorkerTid).c_str()
+                    : " (pid / tid cannot be read)");
+    return success ? OK : status != OK ? status : INVALID_OPERATION /* request failed */;
+}
+
 } // namespace effect
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.h b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.h
index e139768..94dcd7e 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalHidl.h
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@
     std::unique_ptr<StatusMQ> mStatusMQ;
     EventFlag* mEfGroup;
     bool mIsInput = false;
+    static constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMin = 1;
+    static constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMax = 3;
+    static constexpr int kRTPriorityDisabled = 0;
+    // Typical RealTime mHalThreadPriority ranges from 1 (low) to 3 (high).
+    int mHalThreadPriority = kRTPriorityDisabled;
 
     // Can not be constructed directly by clients.
     EffectHalHidl(const sp<IEffect>& effect, uint64_t effectId);
@@ -93,6 +98,10 @@
             uint32_t cmdCode, uint32_t cmdSize, void *pCmdData,
             uint32_t *replySize, void *pReplyData);
     status_t setProcessBuffers();
+    status_t getHalPid(pid_t *pid) const;
+    status_t getHalWorkerTid(pid_t *tid);
+    bool requestHalThreadPriority(pid_t threadPid, pid_t threadId);
+    status_t checkHalThreadPriority();
 };
 
 } // namespace effect
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
index d7217fc..3470380 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "EffectsFactoryHalHidl"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
+#include <optional>
+#include <tuple>
+
 #include <cutils/native_handle.h>
 
 #include <UuidUtils.h>
@@ -38,51 +41,71 @@
 using namespace ::android::hardware::audio::common::CPP_VERSION;
 using namespace ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION;
 
+class EffectDescriptorCache {
+  public:
+    using QueryResult = std::tuple<Return<void>, Result, hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor>>;
+    QueryResult queryAllDescriptors(IEffectsFactory* effectsFactory);
+  private:
+    std::mutex mLock;
+    std::optional<hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor>> mLastDescriptors;  // GUARDED_BY(mLock)
+};
+
+EffectDescriptorCache::QueryResult EffectDescriptorCache::queryAllDescriptors(
+        IEffectsFactory* effectsFactory) {
+    {
+        std::lock_guard l(mLock);
+        if (mLastDescriptors.has_value()) {
+            return {::android::hardware::Void(), Result::OK, mLastDescriptors.value()};
+        }
+    }
+    Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
+    hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor> descriptors;
+    Return<void> ret = effectsFactory->getAllDescriptors(
+            [&](Result r, const hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor>& result) {
+                retval = r;
+                if (retval == Result::OK) {
+                    descriptors = result;
+                }
+            });
+    if (ret.isOk() && retval == Result::OK) {
+        std::lock_guard l(mLock);
+        mLastDescriptors = descriptors;
+    }
+    return {std::move(ret), retval, std::move(descriptors)};
+}
+
 EffectsFactoryHalHidl::EffectsFactoryHalHidl(sp<IEffectsFactory> effectsFactory)
-        : EffectConversionHelperHidl("EffectsFactory") {
+        : EffectConversionHelperHidl("EffectsFactory"), mCache(new EffectDescriptorCache) {
     ALOG_ASSERT(effectsFactory != nullptr, "Provided IEffectsFactory service is NULL");
     mEffectsFactory = effectsFactory;
 }
 
-status_t EffectsFactoryHalHidl::queryAllDescriptors() {
-    if (mEffectsFactory == 0) return NO_INIT;
-    Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
-    Return<void> ret = mEffectsFactory->getAllDescriptors(
-            [&](Result r, const hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor>& result) {
-                retval = r;
-                if (retval == Result::OK) {
-                    mLastDescriptors = result;
-                }
-            });
-    if (ret.isOk()) {
-        return retval == Result::OK ? OK : NO_INIT;
-    }
-    mLastDescriptors.resize(0);
-    return processReturn(__FUNCTION__, ret);
-}
-
 status_t EffectsFactoryHalHidl::queryNumberEffects(uint32_t *pNumEffects) {
-    status_t queryResult = queryAllDescriptors();
-    if (queryResult == OK) {
-        *pNumEffects = mLastDescriptors.size();
+    if (mEffectsFactory == 0) return NO_INIT;
+    auto [ret, retval, descriptors] = mCache->queryAllDescriptors(mEffectsFactory.get());
+    if (ret.isOk() && retval == Result::OK) {
+        *pNumEffects = descriptors.size();
+        return OK;
+    } else if (ret.isOk()) {
+        return NO_INIT;
     }
-    return queryResult;
+    return processReturn(__FUNCTION__, ret);
 }
 
 status_t EffectsFactoryHalHidl::getDescriptor(
         uint32_t index, effect_descriptor_t *pDescriptor) {
-    // TODO: We need somehow to track the changes on the server side
-    // or figure out how to convert everybody to query all the descriptors at once.
     if (pDescriptor == nullptr) {
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    if (mLastDescriptors.size() == 0) {
-        status_t queryResult = queryAllDescriptors();
-        if (queryResult != OK) return queryResult;
+    if (mEffectsFactory == 0) return NO_INIT;
+    auto [ret, retval, descriptors] = mCache->queryAllDescriptors(mEffectsFactory.get());
+    if (ret.isOk() && retval == Result::OK) {
+        if (index >= descriptors.size()) return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+        EffectUtils::effectDescriptorToHal(descriptors[index], pDescriptor);
+    } else if (ret.isOk()) {
+        return NO_INIT;
     }
-    if (index >= mLastDescriptors.size()) return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
-    EffectUtils::effectDescriptorToHal(mLastDescriptors[index], pDescriptor);
-    return OK;
+    return processReturn(__FUNCTION__, ret);
 }
 
 status_t EffectsFactoryHalHidl::getDescriptor(
@@ -114,21 +137,15 @@
     if (pEffectType == nullptr || descriptors == nullptr) {
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
+    if (mEffectsFactory == 0) return NO_INIT;
 
-    uint32_t numEffects = 0;
-    status_t status = queryNumberEffects(&numEffects);
-    if (status != NO_ERROR) {
-        ALOGW("%s error %d from FactoryHal queryNumberEffects", __func__, status);
-        return status;
+    auto [ret, retval, hidlDescs] = mCache->queryAllDescriptors(mEffectsFactory.get());
+    if (!ret.isOk() || retval != Result::OK) {
+        return processReturn(__FUNCTION__, ret, retval);
     }
-
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numEffects; i++) {
+    for (const auto& hidlDesc : hidlDescs) {
         effect_descriptor_t descriptor;
-        status = getDescriptor(i, &descriptor);
-        if (status != NO_ERROR) {
-            ALOGW("%s error %d from FactoryHal getDescriptor", __func__, status);
-            continue;
-        }
+        EffectUtils::effectDescriptorToHal(hidlDesc, &descriptor);
         if (memcmp(&descriptor.type, pEffectType, sizeof(effect_uuid_t)) == 0) {
             descriptors->push_back(descriptor);
         }
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
index e1882e1..7ccddc6 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalHidl.h
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_EFFECTS_FACTORY_HAL_HIDL_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_EFFECTS_FACTORY_HAL_HIDL_H
 
+#include <memory>
+
 #include PATH(android/hardware/audio/effect/FILE_VERSION/IEffectsFactory.h)
 #include <media/audiohal/EffectsFactoryHalInterface.h>
 
@@ -28,6 +30,8 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using namespace ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION;
 
+class EffectDescriptorCache;
+
 class EffectsFactoryHalHidl : public EffectsFactoryHalInterface, public EffectConversionHelperHidl
 {
   public:
@@ -63,9 +67,7 @@
 
   private:
     sp<IEffectsFactory> mEffectsFactory;
-    hidl_vec<EffectDescriptor> mLastDescriptors;
-
-    status_t queryAllDescriptors();
+    std::unique_ptr<EffectDescriptorCache> mCache;
 };
 
 } // namespace effect
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/StreamHalHidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/StreamHalHidl.cpp
index 021ec51..76f9a60 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/StreamHalHidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/StreamHalHidl.cpp
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
 #endif
 
 status_t StreamOutHalHidl::write(const void *buffer, size_t bytes, size_t *written) {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
     if (mStream == 0) return NO_INIT;
     *written = 0;
 
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t StreamOutHalHidl::getRenderPosition(uint32_t *dspFrames) {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
     if (mStream == 0) return NO_INIT;
     Result retval;
     Return<void> ret = mStream->getRenderPosition(
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t StreamOutHalHidl::getPresentationPosition(uint64_t *frames, struct timespec *timestamp) {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
     if (mStream == 0) return NO_INIT;
     if (mWriterClient == gettid() && mCommandMQ) {
         return callWriterThread(
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t StreamInHalHidl::read(void *buffer, size_t bytes, size_t *read) {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
     if (mStream == 0) return NO_INIT;
     *read = 0;
 
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t StreamInHalHidl::getCapturePosition(int64_t *frames, int64_t *time) {
-    TIME_CHECK();
+    // TIME_CHECK();  // TODO(b/238654698) reenable only when optimized.
     if (mStream == 0) return NO_INIT;
     if (mReaderClient == gettid() && mCommandMQ) {
         ReadParameters params;
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/Android.bp b/media/libheadtracking/Android.bp
index 9d63f9b..f64aedf 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/Android.bp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
       "StillnessDetector.cpp",
       "Twist.cpp",
     ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libaudioutils",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include",
     ],
@@ -39,6 +43,7 @@
       "SensorPoseProvider.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
         "libheadtracking",
         "liblog",
         "libsensor",
@@ -78,6 +83,7 @@
         "Twist-test.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libaudioutils",
         "libheadtracking",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/HeadTrackingProcessor.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/HeadTrackingProcessor.cpp
index 71fae8a..6b62004 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/HeadTrackingProcessor.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/HeadTrackingProcessor.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <inttypes.h>
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <audio_utils/SimpleLog.h>
 #include "media/HeadTrackingProcessor.h"
 
 #include "ModeSelector.h"
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@
 namespace media {
 namespace {
 
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
 using Eigen::Quaternionf;
 using Eigen::Vector3f;
 
@@ -84,14 +88,16 @@
     }
 
     void calculate(int64_t timestamp) override {
-        // Handle the screen first, since it might trigger a recentering of the head.
+        bool screenStable = true;
+
+        // Handle the screen first, since it might: trigger a recentering of the head.
         if (mWorldToScreenTimestamp.has_value()) {
             const Pose3f worldToLogicalScreen = mScreenPoseBias.getOutput();
-            bool screenStable = mScreenStillnessDetector.calculate(timestamp);
+            screenStable = mScreenStillnessDetector.calculate(timestamp);
             mModeSelector.setScreenStable(mWorldToScreenTimestamp.value(), screenStable);
             // Whenever the screen is unstable, recenter the head pose.
             if (!screenStable) {
-                recenter(true, false);
+                recenter(true, false, "calculate: screen movement");
             }
             mScreenHeadFusion.setWorldToScreenPose(mWorldToScreenTimestamp.value(),
                                                    worldToLogicalScreen);
@@ -101,8 +107,9 @@
         if (mWorldToHeadTimestamp.has_value()) {
             Pose3f worldToHead = mHeadPoseBias.getOutput();
             // Auto-recenter.
-            if (mHeadStillnessDetector.calculate(timestamp)) {
-                recenter(true, false);
+            bool headStable = mHeadStillnessDetector.calculate(timestamp);
+            if (headStable || !screenStable) {
+                recenter(true, false, "calculate: head movement");
                 worldToHead = mHeadPoseBias.getOutput();
             }
 
@@ -132,14 +139,16 @@
 
     HeadTrackingMode getActualMode() const override { return mModeSelector.getActualMode(); }
 
-    void recenter(bool recenterHead, bool recenterScreen) override {
+    void recenter(bool recenterHead, bool recenterScreen, std::string source) override {
         if (recenterHead) {
             mHeadPoseBias.recenter();
             mHeadStillnessDetector.reset();
+            mLocalLog.log("recenter Head from %s", source.c_str());
         }
         if (recenterScreen) {
             mScreenPoseBias.recenter();
             mScreenStillnessDetector.reset();
+            mLocalLog.log("recenter Screen from %s", source.c_str());
         }
 
         // If a sensor being recentered is included in the current mode, apply rate limiting to
@@ -152,6 +161,36 @@
         }
     }
 
+    std::string toString_l(unsigned level) const override {
+        std::string prefixSpace(level, ' ');
+        std::string ss = prefixSpace + "HeadTrackingProcessor:\n";
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s maxTranslationalVelocity: %f meter/second\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      mOptions.maxTranslationalVelocity);
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s maxRotationalVelocity: %f rad/second\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      mOptions.maxRotationalVelocity);
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s freshnessTimeout: %0.4f ms\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      media::nsToFloatMs(mOptions.freshnessTimeout));
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s predictionDuration: %0.4f ms\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      media::nsToFloatMs(mOptions.predictionDuration));
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s autoRecenterWindowDuration: %0.4f ms\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      media::nsToFloatMs(mOptions.autoRecenterWindowDuration));
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s autoRecenterTranslationalThreshold: %f meter\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      mOptions.autoRecenterTranslationalThreshold);
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s autoRecenterRotationalThreshold: %f radians\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      mOptions.autoRecenterRotationalThreshold);
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s screenStillnessWindowDuration: %0.4f ms\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      media::nsToFloatMs(mOptions.screenStillnessWindowDuration));
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s screenStillnessTranslationalThreshold: %f meter\n",
+                      prefixSpace.c_str(), mOptions.screenStillnessTranslationalThreshold);
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%s screenStillnessRotationalThreshold: %f radians\n",
+                      prefixSpace.c_str(), mOptions.screenStillnessRotationalThreshold);
+        ss += mModeSelector.toString(level + 1);
+        ss += mRateLimiter.toString(level + 1);
+        ss.append(prefixSpace + "ReCenterHistory:\n");
+        ss += mLocalLog.dumpToString((prefixSpace + " ").c_str(), mMaxLocalLogLine);
+        return ss;
+    }
+
   private:
     const Options mOptions;
     float mPhysicalToLogicalAngle = 0;
@@ -168,6 +207,8 @@
     ScreenHeadFusion mScreenHeadFusion;
     ModeSelector mModeSelector;
     PoseRateLimiter mRateLimiter;
+    static constexpr std::size_t mMaxLocalLogLine = 10;
+    SimpleLog mLocalLog{mMaxLocalLogLine};
 };
 
 }  // namespace
@@ -177,5 +218,17 @@
     return std::make_unique<HeadTrackingProcessorImpl>(options, initialMode);
 }
 
+std::string toString(HeadTrackingMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case HeadTrackingMode::STATIC:
+            return "STATIC";
+        case HeadTrackingMode::WORLD_RELATIVE:
+            return "WORLD_RELATIVE";
+        case HeadTrackingMode::SCREEN_RELATIVE:
+            return "SCREEN_RELATIVE";
+    }
+    return "EnumNotImplemented";
+};
+
 }  // namespace media
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.cpp
index cb3a27f..6277090 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.cpp
@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include "ModeSelector.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace media {
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
 
 ModeSelector::ModeSelector(const Options& options, HeadTrackingMode initialMode)
     : mOptions(options), mDesiredMode(initialMode), mActualMode(initialMode) {}
@@ -47,12 +49,15 @@
 }
 
 void ModeSelector::calculateActualMode(int64_t timestamp) {
-    bool isValidScreenToHead = mScreenToHead.has_value() &&
-                               timestamp - mScreenToHeadTimestamp < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
-    bool isValidWorldToHead = mWorldToHead.has_value() &&
-                              timestamp - mWorldToHeadTimestamp < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
-    bool isValidScreenStable = mScreenStable.has_value() &&
-                              timestamp - mScreenStableTimestamp < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
+    int64_t screenToHeadGap = timestamp - mScreenToHeadTimestamp;
+    int64_t worldToHeadGap = timestamp - mWorldToHeadTimestamp;
+    int64_t screenStableGap = timestamp - mScreenStableTimestamp;
+    bool isValidScreenToHead =
+            mScreenToHead.has_value() && screenToHeadGap < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
+    bool isValidWorldToHead =
+            mWorldToHead.has_value() && worldToHeadGap < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
+    bool isValidScreenStable =
+            mScreenStable.has_value() && screenStableGap < mOptions.freshnessTimeout;
 
     HeadTrackingMode mode = mDesiredMode;
 
@@ -70,7 +75,17 @@
         }
     }
 
-    mActualMode = mode;
+    if (mode != mActualMode) {
+        mLocalLog.log(
+                "HT mode change from %s to %s, this ts %0.4f ms, lastTs+gap [ScreenToHead %0.4f + "
+                "%0.4f, WorldToHead %0.4f + %0.4f, ScreenStable %0.4f + %0.4f] ms",
+                media::toString(mActualMode).c_str(), media::toString(mode).c_str(),
+                media::nsToFloatMs(timestamp), media::nsToFloatMs(mScreenToHeadTimestamp),
+                media::nsToFloatMs(screenToHeadGap), media::nsToFloatMs(mWorldToHeadTimestamp),
+                media::nsToFloatMs(worldToHeadGap), media::nsToFloatMs(mScreenStableTimestamp),
+                media::nsToFloatMs(screenStableGap));
+        mActualMode = mode;
+    }
 }
 
 void ModeSelector::calculate(int64_t timestamp) {
@@ -99,5 +114,15 @@
     return mActualMode;
 }
 
+std::string ModeSelector::toString(unsigned level) const {
+    std::string prefixSpace(level, ' ');
+    std::string ss(prefixSpace);
+    StringAppendF(&ss, "ModeSelector: ScreenToStage %s\n",
+                    mScreenToStage.toString().c_str());
+    ss.append(prefixSpace + "Mode downgrade history:\n");
+    ss += mLocalLog.dumpToString((prefixSpace + " ").c_str(), sMaxLocalLogLine);
+    return ss;
+}
+
 }  // namespace media
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.h b/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.h
index e537040..2475a5b 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/ModeSelector.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <optional>
+#include <audio_utils/SimpleLog.h>
 
 #include "media/HeadTrackingMode.h"
 #include "media/Pose.h"
@@ -114,6 +115,8 @@
      */
     HeadTrackingMode getActualMode() const;
 
+    std::string toString(unsigned level) const;
+
   private:
     const Options mOptions;
 
@@ -129,6 +132,9 @@
     HeadTrackingMode mActualMode;
     Pose3f mHeadToStage;
 
+    static constexpr std::size_t sMaxLocalLogLine = 10;
+    SimpleLog mLocalLog{sMaxLocalLogLine};
+
     void calculateActualMode(int64_t timestamp);
 };
 
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/Pose.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/Pose.cpp
index ae39512..4a4b56a 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/Pose.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/Pose.cpp
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include "media/Pose.h"
 #include "media/Twist.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace media {
 
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
 using Eigen::Vector3f;
 
 std::optional<Pose3f> Pose3f::fromVector(const std::vector<float>& vec) {
@@ -35,6 +37,19 @@
     return {mTranslation[0], mTranslation[1], mTranslation[2], rot[0], rot[1], rot[2]};
 }
 
+std::string Pose3f::toString() const {
+    const auto& vec = this->toVector();
+    std::string ss = "[";
+    for (auto f = vec.begin(); f != vec.end(); ++f) {
+        if (f != vec.begin()) {
+            ss.append(", ");
+        }
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%0.2f", *f);
+    }
+    ss.append("]");
+    return ss;
+}
+
 std::tuple<Pose3f, bool> moveWithRateLimit(const Pose3f& from, const Pose3f& to, float t,
                                            float maxTranslationalVelocity,
                                            float maxRotationalVelocity) {
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.cpp
index 380e22b..060bb4b 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.cpp
@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include "PoseRateLimiter.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace media {
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
 
 PoseRateLimiter::PoseRateLimiter(const Options& options) : mOptions(options), mLimiting(false) {}
 
@@ -48,5 +50,15 @@
     return pose;
 }
 
+std::string PoseRateLimiter::toString(unsigned level) const {
+    std::string ss(level, ' ');
+    if (mLimiting) {
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "PoseRateLimiter: enabled with target: %s\n",
+                      mTargetPose.has_value() ? mTargetPose.value().toString().c_str() : "NULL");
+    } else {
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "PoseRateLimiter: disabled\n");
+    }
+    return ss;
+}
 }  // namespace media
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.h b/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.h
index aa2fe80..c673a33 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/PoseRateLimiter.h
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@
 
     Pose3f calculatePose(int64_t timestamp);
 
+    std::string toString(unsigned level) const;
+
   private:
     struct Point {
         Pose3f pose;
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/SensorPoseProvider.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/SensorPoseProvider.cpp
index 8ebaf6e..31d469c 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/SensorPoseProvider.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/SensorPoseProvider.cpp
@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "SensorPoseProvider"
 
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <future>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <limits>
 #include <map>
 #include <thread>
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 #include <log/log_main.h>
 #include <sensor/SensorEventQueue.h>
@@ -36,8 +38,11 @@
 namespace media {
 namespace {
 
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
+
 // Identifier to use for our event queue on the loop.
 // The number 19 is arbitrary, only useful if using multiple objects on the same looper.
+// Note: Instead of a fixed number, the SensorEventQueue's fd could be used instead.
 constexpr int kIdent = 19;
 
 static inline Looper* ALooper_to_Looper(ALooper* alooper) {
@@ -56,7 +61,8 @@
     EventQueueGuard(const sp<SensorEventQueue>& queue, Looper* looper) : mQueue(queue) {
         mQueue->looper = Looper_to_ALooper(looper);
         mQueue->requestAdditionalInfo = false;
-        looper->addFd(mQueue->getFd(), kIdent, ALOOPER_EVENT_INPUT, nullptr, nullptr);
+        looper->addFd(mQueue->getFd(), kIdent, ALOOPER_EVENT_INPUT,
+                nullptr /* callback */, nullptr /* data */);
     }
 
     ~EventQueueGuard() {
@@ -71,7 +77,7 @@
     [[nodiscard]] SensorEventQueue* get() const { return mQueue.get(); }
 
   private:
-    sp<SensorEventQueue> mQueue;
+    const sp<SensorEventQueue> mQueue;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -91,10 +97,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    SensorEnableGuard(const SensorEnableGuard&) = delete;
-    SensorEnableGuard& operator=(const SensorEnableGuard&) = delete;
-
-    // Enable moving.
+    // Enable move and delete default copy-ctor/copy-assignment.
     SensorEnableGuard(SensorEnableGuard&& other) : mQueue(other.mQueue), mSensor(other.mSensor) {
         other.mSensor = SensorPoseProvider::INVALID_HANDLE;
     }
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@
     ~SensorPoseProviderImpl() override {
         // Disable all active sensors.
         mEnabledSensors.clear();
+        mQuit = true;
         mLooper->wake();
         mThread.join();
     }
@@ -126,33 +130,73 @@
         // Figure out the sensor's data format.
         DataFormat format = getSensorFormat(sensor);
         if (format == DataFormat::kUnknown) {
-            ALOGE("Unknown format for sensor %" PRId32, sensor);
+            ALOGE("%s: Unknown format for sensor %" PRId32, __func__, sensor);
             return false;
         }
 
         {
             std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
-            mEnabledSensorsExtra.emplace(sensor, SensorExtra{ .format = format });
+            mEnabledSensorsExtra.emplace(
+                    sensor,
+                    SensorExtra{.format = format,
+                                .samplingPeriod = static_cast<int32_t>(samplingPeriod.count())});
         }
 
         // Enable the sensor.
         if (mQueue->enableSensor(sensor, samplingPeriod.count(), 0, 0)) {
-            ALOGE("Failed to enable sensor");
+            ALOGE("%s: Failed to enable sensor %" PRId32, __func__, sensor);
             std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
             mEnabledSensorsExtra.erase(sensor);
             return false;
         }
 
-        mEnabledSensors.emplace(sensor, SensorEnableGuard(mQueue.get(), sensor));
+        mEnabledSensors.emplace(sensor, SensorEnableGuard(mQueue, sensor));
+        ALOGD("%s: Sensor %" PRId32 " started", __func__, sensor);
         return true;
     }
 
     void stopSensor(int handle) override {
+        ALOGD("%s: Sensor %" PRId32 " stopped", __func__, handle);
         mEnabledSensors.erase(handle);
         std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
         mEnabledSensorsExtra.erase(handle);
     }
 
+    std::string toString(unsigned level) override {
+        std::string prefixSpace(level, ' ');
+        std::string ss = prefixSpace + "SensorPoseProvider:\n";
+        bool needUnlock = false;
+
+        prefixSpace += " ";
+        auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        if (!mMutex.try_lock_until(now + media::kSpatializerDumpSysTimeOutInSecond)) {
+            ss.append(prefixSpace).append("try_lock failed, dumpsys below maybe INACCURATE!\n");
+        } else {
+            needUnlock = true;
+        }
+
+        // Enabled sensor information
+        StringAppendF(&ss, "%sSensors total number %zu:\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                      mEnabledSensorsExtra.size());
+        for (auto sensor : mEnabledSensorsExtra) {
+            StringAppendF(&ss,
+                          "%s[Handle: 0x%08x, Format %s Period (set %d max %0.4f min %0.4f) ms",
+                          prefixSpace.c_str(), sensor.first, toString(sensor.second.format).c_str(),
+                          sensor.second.samplingPeriod, media::nsToFloatMs(sensor.second.maxPeriod),
+                          media::nsToFloatMs(sensor.second.minPeriod));
+            if (sensor.second.discontinuityCount.has_value()) {
+                StringAppendF(&ss, ", DiscontinuityCount: %d",
+                              sensor.second.discontinuityCount.value());
+            }
+            ss += "]\n";
+        }
+
+        if (needUnlock) {
+            mMutex.unlock();
+        }
+        return ss;
+    }
+
   private:
     enum DataFormat {
         kUnknown,
@@ -167,18 +211,22 @@
     };
 
     struct SensorExtra {
-        DataFormat format;
+        DataFormat format = DataFormat::kUnknown;
+        int32_t samplingPeriod = 0;
+        int64_t latestTimestamp = 0;
+        int64_t maxPeriod = 0;
+        int64_t minPeriod = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max();
         std::optional<int32_t> discontinuityCount;
     };
 
+    bool mQuit = false;
     sp<Looper> mLooper;
     Listener* const mListener;
     SensorManager* const mSensorManager;
-    std::thread mThread;
-    std::mutex mMutex;
+    std::timed_mutex mMutex;
+    sp<SensorEventQueue> mQueue;
     std::map<int32_t, SensorEnableGuard> mEnabledSensors;
     std::map<int32_t, SensorExtra> mEnabledSensorsExtra GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
-    sp<SensorEventQueue> mQueue;
 
     // We must do some of the initialization operations on the worker thread, because the API relies
     // on the thread-local looper. In addition, as a matter of convenience, we store some of the
@@ -187,18 +235,25 @@
     // the worker thread and that thread would notify, via the promise below whenever initialization
     // is finished, and whether it was successful.
     std::promise<bool> mInitPromise;
+    std::thread mThread;
 
     SensorPoseProviderImpl(const char* packageName, Listener* listener)
         : mListener(listener),
-          mSensorManager(&SensorManager::getInstanceForPackage(String16(packageName))),
-          mThread([this] { threadFunc(); }) {}
-
+          mSensorManager(&SensorManager::getInstanceForPackage(String16(packageName))) {
+        mThread = std::thread([this] { threadFunc(); });
+    }
     void initFinished(bool success) { mInitPromise.set_value(success); }
 
     bool waitInitFinished() { return mInitPromise.get_future().get(); }
 
     void threadFunc() {
-        // Obtain looper.
+        // Name our std::thread to help identification.  As is, canCallJava == false.
+        androidSetThreadName("SensorPoseProvider-looper");
+
+        // Run at the highest non-realtime priority.
+        androidSetThreadPriority(gettid(), PRIORITY_URGENT_AUDIO);
+
+        // The looper is started on the created std::thread.
         mLooper = Looper::prepare(ALOOPER_PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS);
 
         // Create event queue.
@@ -214,20 +269,28 @@
 
         initFinished(true);
 
-        while (true) {
-            int ret = mLooper->pollOnce(-1 /* no timeout */, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+        while (!mQuit) {
+            const int ret = mLooper->pollOnce(-1 /* no timeout */, nullptr /* outFd */,
+                    nullptr /* outEvents */, nullptr /* outData */);
 
             switch (ret) {
                 case ALOOPER_POLL_WAKE:
-                    // Normal way to exit.
-                    return;
+                    // Continue to see if mQuit flag is set.
+                    // This can be spurious (due to bugreport being taken).
+                    continue;
 
                 case kIdent:
                     // Possible events on our queue.
                     break;
 
                 default:
-                    ALOGE("Unexpected status out of Looper::pollOnce: %d", ret);
+                    // Besides WAKE and kIdent, there should be no timeouts, callbacks,
+                    // ALOOPER_POLL_ERROR, or other events.
+                    // Exit now to avoid high frequency log spam on error,
+                    // e.g. if the fd becomes invalid (b/31093485).
+                    ALOGE("%s: Unexpected status out of Looper::pollOnce: %d", __func__, ret);
+                    mQuit = true;
+                    continue;
             }
 
             // Process an event.
@@ -239,7 +302,8 @@
             ssize_t size = mQueue->filterEvents(&event, actual);
 
             if (size < 0 || size > 1) {
-                ALOGE("Unexpected return value from SensorEventQueue::filterEvents: %zd", size);
+                ALOGE("%s: Unexpected return value from SensorEventQueue::filterEvents: %zd",
+                        __func__, size);
                 break;
             }
             if (size == 0) {
@@ -249,6 +313,7 @@
 
             handleEvent(event);
         }
+        ALOGD("%s: Exiting sensor event loop", __func__);
     }
 
     void handleEvent(const ASensorEvent& event) {
@@ -261,6 +326,7 @@
                 return;
             }
             value = parseEvent(event, iter->second.format, &iter->second.discontinuityCount);
+            updateEventTimestamp(event, iter->second);
         }
         mListener->onPose(event.timestamp, event.sensor, value.pose, value.twist,
                           value.isNewReference);
@@ -316,6 +382,15 @@
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
+    void updateEventTimestamp(const ASensorEvent& event, SensorExtra& extra) {
+        if (extra.latestTimestamp != 0) {
+            int64_t gap = event.timestamp - extra.latestTimestamp;
+            extra.maxPeriod = std::max(gap, extra.maxPeriod);
+            extra.minPeriod = std::min(gap, extra.minPeriod);
+        }
+        extra.latestTimestamp = event.timestamp;
+    }
+
     static PoseEvent parseEvent(const ASensorEvent& event, DataFormat format,
                                 std::optional<int32_t>* discontinutyCount) {
         switch (format) {
@@ -345,6 +420,19 @@
                 LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Unexpected sensor type: %d", static_cast<int>(format));
         }
     }
+
+    const static std::string toString(DataFormat format) {
+        switch (format) {
+            case DataFormat::kUnknown:
+                return "kUnknown";
+            case DataFormat::kQuaternion:
+                return "kQuaternion";
+            case DataFormat::kRotationVectorsAndDiscontinuityCount:
+                return "kRotationVectorsAndDiscontinuityCount";
+            default:
+                return "NotImplemented";
+        }
+    }
 };
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.cpp b/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.cpp
index be7c893..5232084 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.cpp
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@
     mFifo.clear();
     mWindowFull = false;
     mSuppressionDeadline.reset();
+    // A "true" state indicates stillness is detected (default = true)
+    mCurrentState = true;
+    mPreviousState = true;
 }
 
 void StillnessDetector::setInput(int64_t timestamp, const Pose3f& input) {
@@ -33,7 +36,15 @@
     discardOld(timestamp);
 }
 
+bool StillnessDetector::getPreviousState() const {
+    return mPreviousState;
+}
+
 bool StillnessDetector::calculate(int64_t timestamp) {
+    // Move the current stillness state to the previous state.
+    // This allows us to detect transitions into and out of stillness.
+    mPreviousState = mCurrentState;
+
     discardOld(timestamp);
 
     // Check whether all the poses in the queue are in the proximity of the new one. We want to do
@@ -60,15 +71,17 @@
 
     // If the window has not been full, return the default value.
     if (!mWindowFull) {
-        return mOptions.defaultValue;
+        mCurrentState = mOptions.defaultValue;
     }
-
     // Force "in motion" while the suppression deadline is active.
-    if (mSuppressionDeadline.has_value()) {
-        return false;
+    else if (mSuppressionDeadline.has_value()) {
+        mCurrentState = false;
+    }
+    else {
+        mCurrentState = !moved;
     }
 
-    return !moved;
+    return mCurrentState;
 }
 
 void StillnessDetector::discardOld(int64_t timestamp) {
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.h b/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.h
index ee4b2d8..abd7cc4 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/StillnessDetector.h
@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@
     void setInput(int64_t timestamp, const Pose3f& input);
     /** Calculate whether the stream is still at the given timestamp. */
     bool calculate(int64_t timestamp);
-
+    /** Return the stillness state from the previous call to calculate() */
+    bool getPreviousState() const;
   private:
     struct TimestampedPose {
         int64_t timestamp;
@@ -92,6 +93,8 @@
     const float mCosHalfRotationalThreshold;
     std::deque<TimestampedPose> mFifo;
     bool mWindowFull = false;
+    bool mCurrentState = true;
+    bool mPreviousState = true;
     // As soon as motion is detected, this will be set for the time of detection + window duration,
     // and during this time we will always consider outselves in motion without checking. This is
     // used for hyteresis purposes, since because of the approximate method we use for determining
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingMode.h b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingMode.h
index 38496e8..92d1165 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingMode.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingMode.h
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 
+#include <string>
+
 namespace android {
 namespace media {
 
@@ -30,5 +32,7 @@
     SCREEN_RELATIVE,
 };
 
+std::string toString(HeadTrackingMode mode);
+
 }  // namespace media
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingProcessor.h b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingProcessor.h
index 1744be3..b4c78a0 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingProcessor.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/HeadTrackingProcessor.h
@@ -95,9 +95,14 @@
     /**
      * This causes the current poses for both the head and/or screen to be considered "center".
      */
-    virtual void recenter(bool recenterHead = true, bool recenterScreen = true) = 0;
-};
+    virtual void recenter(
+            bool recenterHead = true, bool recenterScreen = true, std::string source = "") = 0;
 
+    /**
+     * Dump HeadTrackingProcessor parameters under caller lock.
+     */
+    virtual std::string toString_l(unsigned level) const = 0;
+};
 /**
  * Creates an instance featuring a default implementation of the HeadTrackingProcessor interface.
  */
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/Pose.h b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/Pose.h
index e660bb9..50294ed 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/Pose.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/Pose.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <optional>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 #include <Eigen/Geometry>
 
@@ -63,6 +64,9 @@
      */
     std::vector<float> toVector() const;
 
+    // Convert instance to a string representation.
+    std::string toString() const;
+
     Pose3f& operator=(const Pose3f& other) {
         mTranslation = other.mTranslation;
         mRotation = other.mRotation;
@@ -128,5 +132,10 @@
                                            float maxTranslationalVelocity,
                                            float maxRotationalVelocity);
 
+template <typename T>
+static float nsToFloatMs(T ns) {
+    return ns * 1e-6f;
+}
+
 }  // namespace media
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/SensorPoseProvider.h b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/SensorPoseProvider.h
index 0f42074..4609e0c 100644
--- a/media/libheadtracking/include/media/SensorPoseProvider.h
+++ b/media/libheadtracking/include/media/SensorPoseProvider.h
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace media {
 
+// Timeout for Spatializer dumpsys trylock, don't block for more than 3 seconds.
+constexpr auto kSpatializerDumpSysTimeOutInSecond = std::chrono::seconds(3);
+
 /**
  * A utility providing streaming of pose data from motion sensors provided by the Sensor Framework.
  *
@@ -100,6 +103,11 @@
      * discover properties of the sensor.
      */
     virtual std::optional<const Sensor> getSensorByHandle(int32_t handle) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Dump SensorPoseProvider parameters and history data.
+     */
+    virtual std::string toString(unsigned level) = 0;
 };
 
 }  // namespace media
diff --git a/media/libmediametrics/include/MediaMetricsConstants.h b/media/libmediametrics/include/MediaMetricsConstants.h
index 1c30510..27f987d 100644
--- a/media/libmediametrics/include/MediaMetricsConstants.h
+++ b/media/libmediametrics/include/MediaMetricsConstants.h
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@
 // The Audio Spatializer key appends the spatializerId (currently 0)
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO "spatializer."
 
+// The Audio Spatializer device key appends the device type.
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE \
+        AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER "device."
+
 // The AudioStream key appends the "streamId" to the prefix.
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_STREAM  AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO "stream."
 
@@ -83,6 +87,7 @@
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_EFFECTIVE "effective."
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_HAL       "hal."
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_HAPTIC    "haptic."
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_LAST      "last."
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_SERVER    "server."
 
 // Properties within mediametrics are string constants denoted by
@@ -107,6 +112,7 @@
 // of suppressed in the Time Machine.
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_SUFFIX_CHAR_DUPLICATES_ALLOWED '#'
 
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ADDRESS        "address"        // string, for example MAC address
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ALLOWUID       "_allowUid"      // int32_t, allow client uid to post
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_AUDIOMODE      "audioMode"      // string (audio.flinger)
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_AUXEFFECTID    "auxEffectId"    // int32 (AudioTrack)
@@ -116,6 +122,8 @@
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CALLERNAME     "callerName"     // string, eg. "aaudio"
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELCOUNT   "channelCount"   // int32
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASK    "channelMask"    // int32
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASKS   "channelMasks"   // string with channelMask values
+                                                           // separated by |.
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CONTENTTYPE    "contentType"    // string attributes (AudioTrack)
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CUMULATIVETIMENS "cumulativeTimeNs" // int64_t playback/record time
                                                            // since start
@@ -132,6 +140,7 @@
 
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_DIRECTION      "direction"      // string AAudio input or output
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_DURATIONNS     "durationNs"     // int64 duration time span
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ENABLED        "enabled"        // string true/false.
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ENCODING       "encoding"       // string value of format
 
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT          "event#"         // string value (often func name)
@@ -141,6 +150,8 @@
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_FLAGS          "flags"
 
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_FRAMECOUNT     "frameCount"     // int32
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HASHEADTRACKER  "hasHeadTracker" // string true/false
+#define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKERENABLED "headTrackerEnabled" // string true/false
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKINGMODES "headTrackingModes" // string |, like modes.
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INPUTDEVICES   "inputDevices"   // string value
 #define AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INTERNALTRACKID "internalTrackId" // int32
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
index ea1fdf4..6497b58 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
       mRTPCVOExtMap(-1),
       mRTPCVODegrees(0),
       mRTPSockDscp(0),
+      mRTPSockOptEcn(0),
       mRTPSockNetwork(0),
       mLastSeqNo(0),
       mStarted(false),
@@ -910,6 +911,13 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t StagefrightRecorder::setParamRtpEcn(int32_t ecn) {
+    ALOGV("setParamRtpEcn: %d", ecn);
+
+    mRTPSockOptEcn = ecn;
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t StagefrightRecorder::requestIDRFrame() {
     status_t ret = BAD_VALUE;
     if (mVideoEncoderSource != NULL) {
@@ -1091,6 +1099,11 @@
         if (safe_strtoi32(value.string(), &dscp)) {
             return setParamRtpDscp(dscp);
         }
+    } else if (key == "rtp-param-set-socket-ecn") {
+        int32_t targetEcn;
+        if (safe_strtoi32(value.string(), &targetEcn)) {
+            return setParamRtpEcn(targetEcn);
+        }
     } else if (key == "rtp-param-set-socket-network") {
         int64_t networkHandle;
         if (safe_strtoi64(value.string(), &networkHandle)) {
@@ -1272,6 +1285,9 @@
             if (mRTPSockDscp > 0) {
                 meta->setInt32(kKeyRtpDscp, mRTPSockDscp);
             }
+            if (mRTPSockOptEcn > 0) {
+                meta->setInt32(kKeyRtpEcn, mRTPSockOptEcn);
+            }
 
             status = mWriter->start(meta.get());
             break;
@@ -1966,6 +1982,10 @@
             format->setString("mime", MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC);
             break;
 
+        case VIDEO_ENCODER_DOLBY_VISION:
+            format->setString("mime", MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_DOLBY_VISION);
+            break;
+
         default:
             CHECK(!"Should not be here, unsupported video encoding.");
             break;
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.h
index d7785da..0801101 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.h
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@
     int32_t mRTPCVOExtMap;
     int32_t mRTPCVODegrees;
     int32_t mRTPSockDscp;
+    int32_t mRTPSockOptEcn;
     int64_t mRTPSockNetwork;
     uint32_t mLastSeqNo;
 
@@ -247,6 +248,7 @@
     status_t setRTPCVOExtMap(int32_t extmap);
     status_t setRTPCVODegrees(int32_t cvoDegrees);
     status_t setParamRtpDscp(int32_t dscp);
+    status_t setParamRtpEcn(int32_t ecn);
     status_t setSocketNetwork(int64_t networkHandle);
     status_t requestIDRFrame();
     void clipVideoBitRate();
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/AWakeLock.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/AWakeLock.cpp
index c3bd207..25a8ae4 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/AWakeLock.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/AWakeLock.cpp
@@ -59,11 +59,10 @@
         if (mPowerManager != NULL) {
             sp<IBinder> binder = new BBinder();
             int64_t token = IPCThreadState::self()->clearCallingIdentity();
-            binder::Status status = mPowerManager->acquireWakeLock(
+            binder::Status status = mPowerManager->acquireWakeLockAsync(
                     binder, POWERMANAGER_PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK,
                     String16("AWakeLock"), String16("media"),
-                    {} /* workSource */, {} /* historyTag */, -1 /* displayId */,
-                    nullptr /* callback */);
+                    {} /* workSource */, {} /* historyTag */);
             IPCThreadState::self()->restoreCallingIdentity(token);
             if (status.isOk()) {
                 mWakeLockToken = binder;
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.cpp
index 6788b56..5e29b3f 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.cpp
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@
         uint8_t key[kBlockSize],
         uint8_t iv[kBlockSize],
         CryptoPlugin::Mode mode,
-        size_t *clearbytes,
-        size_t *encryptedbytes)
+        uint32_t *clearbytes,
+        uint32_t *encryptedbytes)
 {
     // size needed to store all the crypto data
     size_t cryptosize;
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@
     if (!meta.findData(kKeyEncryptedSizes, &type, &crypteddata, &cryptedsize)) {
         return NULL;
     }
-    size_t numSubSamples = cryptedsize / sizeof(size_t);
+    size_t numSubSamples = cryptedsize / sizeof(uint32_t);
 
     if (numSubSamples <= 0) {
         ALOGE("getSampleCryptoInfo INVALID numSubSamples: %zu", numSubSamples);
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@
             (uint8_t*) key,
             (uint8_t*) iv,
             (CryptoPlugin::Mode)mode,
-            (size_t*) cleardata,
-            (size_t*) crypteddata);
+            (uint32_t*) cleardata,
+            (uint32_t*) crypteddata);
 }
 
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerRenderer.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerRenderer.cpp
index 45fac76..0382df3 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerRenderer.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerRenderer.cpp
@@ -1947,22 +1947,12 @@
     CHECK(format->findInt32("channel-count", &numChannels));
 
     // channel mask info as read from the audio format
-    int32_t channelMaskFromFormat;
+    int32_t mediaFormatChannelMask;
     // channel mask to use for native playback
     audio_channel_mask_t channelMask;
-    if (format->findInt32("channel-mask", &channelMaskFromFormat)) {
+    if (format->findInt32("channel-mask", &mediaFormatChannelMask)) {
         // KEY_CHANNEL_MASK follows the android.media.AudioFormat java mask
-        // which is left-bitshifted by 2 relative to the native mask
-        if ((channelMaskFromFormat & 0b11) != 0) {
-            // received an unexpected mask (supposed to follow AudioFormat constants
-            // for output masks with the 2 least-significant bits at 0), but
-            // it may come from an extractor that uses native masks: keeping
-            // the mask as given is ok as it contains at least mono or stereo
-            // and potentially the haptic channels
-            channelMask = static_cast<audio_channel_mask_t>(channelMaskFromFormat);
-        } else {
-            channelMask = static_cast<audio_channel_mask_t>(channelMaskFromFormat >> 2);
-        }
+        channelMask = audio_channel_mask_from_media_format_mask(mediaFormatChannelMask);
     } else {
         // no mask found: the mask will be derived from the channel count
         channelMask = CHANNEL_MASK_USE_CHANNEL_ORDER;
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTPSource.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTPSource.cpp
index 6a17972..fd03150 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTPSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTPSource.cpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 
         int sockRtp, sockRtcp;
         ARTPConnection::MakeRTPSocketPair(&sockRtp, &sockRtcp, info->mLocalIp, info->mRemoteIp,
-                info->mLocalPort, info->mRemotePort, info->mSocketNetwork);
+                info->mLocalPort, info->mRemotePort, info->mSocketNetwork, info->mRtpSockOptEcn);
 
         sp<AMessage> notify = new AMessage('accu', this);
 
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@
         mRTPConn->addStream(sockRtp, sockRtcp, desc, i + 1, notify, false);
         mRTPConn->setSelfID(info->mSelfID);
         mRTPConn->setStaticJitterTimeMs(info->mJbTimeMs);
+        mRTPConn->setRtpSockOptEcn(info->mRtpSockOptEcn);
+        mRTPConn->setIsIPv6(info->mLocalIp);
 
         unsigned long PT;
         AString formatDesc, formatParams;
@@ -719,6 +721,8 @@
     } else if (key == "rtp-param-set-socket-network") {
         int64_t networkHandle = atoll(value);
         setSocketNetwork(networkHandle);
+    } else if (key == "rtp-param-set-socket-ecn") {
+        info->mRtpSockOptEcn = atoi(value);
     } else if (key == "rtp-param-jitter-buffer-time") {
         // clamping min at 40, max at 3000
         info->mJbTimeMs = std::min(std::max(40, atoi(value)), 3000);
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.h
index 4360656..232638c 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/NuPlayerDrm.h
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@
                 uint8_t key[kBlockSize],
                 uint8_t iv[kBlockSize],
                 CryptoPlugin::Mode mode,
-                size_t *clearbytes,
-                size_t *encryptedbytes);
+                uint32_t *clearbytes,
+                uint32_t *encryptedbytes);
 
         static CryptoInfo *getSampleCryptoInfo(MetaDataBase &meta);
 
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/RTPSource.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/RTPSource.h
index 7d9bb8f..b2afe86 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/RTPSource.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/include/nuplayer/RTPSource.h
@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@
         uint32_t mSelfID;
         /* extmap:<value> for CVO will be set to here */
         int32_t mCVOExtMap;
+        /* To check ECN is supported or not */
+        int32_t mRtpSockOptEcn;
 
         /* a copy of TrackInfo in RTSPSource */
         sp<AnotherPacketSource> mSource;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/CameraSource.cpp b/media/libstagefright/CameraSource.cpp
index 9607425..842327d 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/CameraSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/CameraSource.cpp
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
 
     if (camera == 0) {
         mCamera = Camera::connect(cameraId, clientName, clientUid, clientPid,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
         if (mCamera == 0) return -EBUSY;
         mCameraFlags &= ~FLAGS_HOT_CAMERA;
     } else {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/HevcUtils.cpp b/media/libstagefright/HevcUtils.cpp
index 5f9c20e..60df162 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/HevcUtils.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/HevcUtils.cpp
@@ -102,10 +102,11 @@
 static bool findParam(uint32_t key, T *param,
         KeyedVector<uint32_t, uint64_t> &params) {
     CHECK(param);
-    if (params.indexOfKey(key) < 0) {
+    ssize_t index = params.indexOfKey(key);
+    if (index < 0) {
         return false;
     }
-    *param = (T) params[key];
+    *param = (T) params[index];
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/MediaCodec.cpp b/media/libstagefright/MediaCodec.cpp
index d71faa7..3044c20 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/MediaCodec.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/MediaCodec.cpp
@@ -354,8 +354,11 @@
 }
 
 //static
-Mutex MediaCodec::ResourceManagerServiceProxy::sLockCookies;
-std::set<void*> MediaCodec::ResourceManagerServiceProxy::sCookies;
+// these are no_destroy to keep them from being destroyed at process exit
+// where some thread calls exit() while other threads are still running.
+// see b/194783918
+[[clang::no_destroy]] Mutex MediaCodec::ResourceManagerServiceProxy::sLockCookies;
+[[clang::no_destroy]] std::set<void*> MediaCodec::ResourceManagerServiceProxy::sCookies;
 
 //static
 void MediaCodec::ResourceManagerServiceProxy::addCookie(void* cookie) {
@@ -807,9 +810,7 @@
       mWidth(0),
       mHeight(0),
       mRotationDegrees(0),
-      mConfigColorTransfer(-1),
-      mHDRStaticInfo(false),
-      mHDR10PlusInfo(false),
+      mHdrInfoFlags(0),
       mDequeueInputTimeoutGeneration(0),
       mDequeueInputReplyID(0),
       mDequeueOutputTimeoutGeneration(0),
@@ -968,29 +969,73 @@
                               mIndexOfFirstFrameWhenLowLatencyOn);
     }
 
-    mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecHDRStaticInfo, mHDRStaticInfo ? 1 : 0);
-    mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecHDR10PlusInfo, mHDR10PlusInfo ? 1 : 0);
 #if 0
     // enable for short term, only while debugging
     updateEphemeralMediametrics(mMetricsHandle);
 #endif
 }
 
-void MediaCodec::updateHDRFormatMetric() {
+void MediaCodec::updateHdrMetrics(bool isConfig) {
+    if ((mDomain != DOMAIN_VIDEO && mDomain != DOMAIN_IMAGE) || mMetricsHandle == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int32_t colorStandard = -1;
+    if (mOutputFormat->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_STANDARD, &colorStandard)) {
+        mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle,
+                isConfig ? kCodecConfigColorStandard : kCodecParsedColorStandard, colorStandard);
+    }
+    int32_t colorRange = -1;
+    if (mOutputFormat->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_RANGE, &colorRange)) {
+        mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle,
+                isConfig ? kCodecConfigColorRange : kCodecParsedColorRange, colorRange);
+    }
+    int32_t colorTransfer = -1;
+    if (mOutputFormat->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_TRANSFER, &colorTransfer)) {
+        mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle,
+                isConfig ? kCodecConfigColorTransfer : kCodecParsedColorTransfer, colorTransfer);
+    }
+    HDRStaticInfo info;
+    if (ColorUtils::getHDRStaticInfoFromFormat(mOutputFormat, &info)
+            && ColorUtils::isHDRStaticInfoValid(&info)) {
+        mHdrInfoFlags |= kFlagHasHdrStaticInfo;
+    }
+    mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecHDRStaticInfo,
+            (mHdrInfoFlags & kFlagHasHdrStaticInfo) ? 1 : 0);
+    sp<ABuffer> hdr10PlusInfo;
+    if (mOutputFormat->findBuffer("hdr10-plus-info", &hdr10PlusInfo)
+            && hdr10PlusInfo != nullptr && hdr10PlusInfo->size() > 0) {
+        mHdrInfoFlags |= kFlagHasHdr10PlusInfo;
+    }
+    mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecHDR10PlusInfo,
+            (mHdrInfoFlags & kFlagHasHdr10PlusInfo) ? 1 : 0);
+
+    // hdr format
+    sp<AMessage> codedFormat = (mFlags & kFlagIsEncoder) ? mOutputFormat : mInputFormat;
+
+    AString mime;
     int32_t profile = -1;
-    AString mediaType;
-    if (mOutputFormat->findInt32(KEY_PROFILE, &profile)
-            && mOutputFormat->findString("mime", &mediaType)) {
-        hdr_format hdrFormat = getHDRFormat(profile, mConfigColorTransfer, mediaType);
+
+    if (codedFormat->findString("mime", &mime)
+            && codedFormat->findInt32(KEY_PROFILE, &profile)
+            && colorTransfer != -1) {
+        hdr_format hdrFormat = getHdrFormat(mime, profile, colorTransfer);
         mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecHDRFormat, static_cast<int>(hdrFormat));
     }
 }
 
-hdr_format MediaCodec::getHDRFormat(const int32_t profile, const int32_t transfer,
-        const AString &mediaType) {
-    switch (transfer) {
+hdr_format MediaCodec::getHdrFormat(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+        const int32_t colorTransfer) {
+    return (mFlags & kFlagIsEncoder)
+            ? getHdrFormatForEncoder(mime, profile, colorTransfer)
+            : getHdrFormatForDecoder(mime, profile, colorTransfer);
+}
+
+hdr_format MediaCodec::getHdrFormatForEncoder(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+        const int32_t colorTransfer) {
+    switch (colorTransfer) {
         case COLOR_TRANSFER_ST2084:
-            if (mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_VP9)) {
+            if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_VP9)) {
                 switch (profile) {
                     case VP9Profile2HDR:
                         return HDR_FORMAT_HDR10;
@@ -999,7 +1044,7 @@
                     default:
                         return HDR_FORMAT_NONE;
                 }
-            } else if (mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AV1)) {
+            } else if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AV1)) {
                 switch (profile) {
                     case AV1ProfileMain10HDR10:
                         return HDR_FORMAT_HDR10;
@@ -1008,7 +1053,7 @@
                     default:
                         return HDR_FORMAT_NONE;
                 }
-            } else if (mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC)) {
+            } else if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC)) {
                 switch (profile) {
                     case HEVCProfileMain10HDR10:
                         return HDR_FORMAT_HDR10;
@@ -1021,7 +1066,7 @@
                 return HDR_FORMAT_NONE;
             }
         case COLOR_TRANSFER_HLG:
-            if (!mediaType.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_DOLBY_VISION)) {
+            if (!mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_DOLBY_VISION)) {
                 return HDR_FORMAT_HLG;
             } else {
                 // TODO: DOLBY format
@@ -1032,6 +1077,47 @@
     }
 }
 
+hdr_format MediaCodec::getHdrFormatForDecoder(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+        const int32_t colorTransfer) {
+    switch (colorTransfer) {
+        case COLOR_TRANSFER_ST2084:
+            if (!(mHdrInfoFlags & kFlagHasHdrStaticInfo) || !profileSupport10Bits(mime, profile)) {
+                return HDR_FORMAT_NONE;
+            }
+            return mHdrInfoFlags & kFlagHasHdr10PlusInfo ? HDR_FORMAT_HDR10PLUS : HDR_FORMAT_HDR10;
+        case COLOR_TRANSFER_HLG:
+            if (!mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_DOLBY_VISION)) {
+                return HDR_FORMAT_HLG;
+            }
+            // TODO: DOLBY format
+    }
+    return HDR_FORMAT_NONE;
+}
+
+bool MediaCodec::profileSupport10Bits(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile) {
+    if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AV1)) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_VP9)) {
+        switch (profile) {
+            case VP9Profile2:
+            case VP9Profile3:
+            case VP9Profile2HDR:
+            case VP9Profile3HDR:
+            case VP9Profile2HDR10Plus:
+            case VP9Profile3HDR10Plus:
+                return true;
+        }
+    } else if (mime.equalsIgnoreCase(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC)) {
+        switch (profile) {
+            case HEVCProfileMain10:
+            case HEVCProfileMain10HDR10:
+            case HEVCProfileMain10HDR10Plus:
+                return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 
 // called to update info being passed back via getMetrics(), which is a
 // unique copy for that call, no concurrent access worries.
@@ -1081,6 +1167,7 @@
 
     // ensure mutex while we do our own work
     Mutex::Autolock _lock(mMetricsLock);
+    mHdrInfoFlags = 0;
     if (mMetricsHandle != 0) {
         if (mediametrics_count(mMetricsHandle) > 0) {
             mediametrics_selfRecord(mMetricsHandle);
@@ -1735,24 +1822,6 @@
                     mediametrics_setInt32(nextMetricsHandle, kCodecPriority, priority);
                 }
             }
-            int32_t colorStandard = -1;
-            if (format->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_STANDARD, &colorStandard)) {
-                mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecConfigColorStandard, colorStandard);
-            }
-            int32_t colorRange = -1;
-            if (format->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_RANGE, &colorRange)) {
-                mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecConfigColorRange, colorRange);
-            }
-            int32_t colorTransfer = -1;
-            if (format->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_TRANSFER, &colorTransfer)) {
-                mConfigColorTransfer = colorTransfer;
-                mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecConfigColorTransfer, colorTransfer);
-            }
-            HDRStaticInfo info;
-            if (ColorUtils::getHDRStaticInfoFromFormat(format, &info)
-                    && ColorUtils::isHDRStaticInfoValid(&info)) {
-                mHDRStaticInfo = true;
-            }
         }
 
         // Prevent possible integer overflow in downstream code.
@@ -3439,8 +3508,6 @@
                     CHECK(msg->findMessage("input-format", &mInputFormat));
                     CHECK(msg->findMessage("output-format", &mOutputFormat));
 
-                    updateHDRFormatMetric();
-
                     // limit to confirming the opt-in behavior to minimize any behavioral change
                     if (mSurface != nullptr && !mAllowFrameDroppingBySurface) {
                         // signal frame dropping mode in the input format as this may also be
@@ -3483,6 +3550,7 @@
                         if (interestingFormat->findInt32("level", &level)) {
                             mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecLevel, level);
                         }
+                        updateHdrMetrics(true /* isConfig */);
                         // bitrate and bitrate mode, encoder only
                         if (mFlags & kFlagIsEncoder) {
                             // encoder specific values
@@ -3522,7 +3590,6 @@
                                 mComponentName.c_str(),
                                 mInputFormat->debugString(4).c_str(),
                                 mOutputFormat->debugString(4).c_str());
-                        updateHDRFormatMetric();
                         CHECK(obj != NULL);
                         response->setObject("input-surface", obj);
                         mHaveInputSurface = true;
@@ -3547,7 +3614,6 @@
                     if (!msg->findInt32("err", &err)) {
                         CHECK(msg->findMessage("input-format", &mInputFormat));
                         CHECK(msg->findMessage("output-format", &mOutputFormat));
-                        updateHDRFormatMetric();
                         mHaveInputSurface = true;
                     } else {
                         response->setInt32("err", err);
@@ -3591,6 +3657,17 @@
                     }
                     setState(STARTED);
                     postPendingRepliesAndDeferredMessages("kWhatStartCompleted");
+
+                    // Now that the codec has started, configure, by default, the peek behavior to
+                    // be undefined for backwards compatibility with older releases. Later, if an
+                    // app explicitly enables or disables peek, the parameter will be turned off and
+                    // the legacy undefined behavior is disallowed.
+                    // See updateTunnelPeek called in onSetParameters for more details.
+                    if (mTunneled && mTunnelPeekState == TunnelPeekState::kLegacyMode) {
+                        sp<AMessage> params = new AMessage;
+                        params->setInt32("android._tunnel-peek-set-legacy", 1);
+                        mCodec->signalSetParameters(params);
+                    }
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -4049,14 +4126,6 @@
                 mTunneled = false;
             }
 
-            // If mTunnelPeekState is still in kLegacyMode at this point,
-            // configure the codec in legacy mode
-            if (mTunneled && (mTunnelPeekState == TunnelPeekState::kLegacyMode)) {
-                sp<AMessage> params = new AMessage;
-                params->setInt32("android._tunnel-peek-set-legacy", 1);
-                onSetParameters(params);
-            }
-
             int32_t background = 0;
             if (format->findInt32("android._background-mode", &background) && background) {
                 androidSetThreadPriority(gettid(), ANDROID_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
@@ -4757,7 +4826,6 @@
         buffer->meta()->setObject("changedKeys", changedKeys);
     }
     mOutputFormat = format;
-    updateHDRFormatMetric();
     mapFormat(mComponentName, format, nullptr, true);
     ALOGV("[%s] output format changed to: %s",
             mComponentName.c_str(), mOutputFormat->debugString(4).c_str());
@@ -4783,9 +4851,6 @@
             HDRStaticInfo info;
             if (ColorUtils::getHDRStaticInfoFromFormat(mOutputFormat, &info)) {
                 setNativeWindowHdrMetadata(mSurface.get(), &info);
-                if (ColorUtils::isHDRStaticInfoValid(&info)) {
-                    mHDRStaticInfo = true;
-                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -4794,7 +4859,6 @@
                 && hdr10PlusInfo != nullptr && hdr10PlusInfo->size() > 0) {
             native_window_set_buffers_hdr10_plus_metadata(mSurface.get(),
                     hdr10PlusInfo->size(), hdr10PlusInfo->data());
-            mHDR10PlusInfo = true;
         }
 
         if (mime.startsWithIgnoreCase("video/")) {
@@ -4840,21 +4904,8 @@
         }
     }
 
-    if (mMetricsHandle != 0) {
-        int32_t colorStandard = -1;
-        if (format->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_STANDARD, &colorStandard)) {
-            mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecParsedColorStandard, colorStandard);
-        }
-        int32_t colorRange = -1;
-        if (format->findInt32( KEY_COLOR_RANGE, &colorRange)) {
-            mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecParsedColorRange, colorRange);
-        }
-        int32_t colorTransfer = -1;
-        if (format->findInt32(KEY_COLOR_TRANSFER, &colorTransfer)) {
-            mediametrics_setInt32(mMetricsHandle, kCodecParsedColorTransfer, colorTransfer);
-        }
-    }
-}
+    updateHdrMetrics(false /* isConfig */);
+ }
 
 void MediaCodec::extractCSD(const sp<AMessage> &format) {
     mCSD.clear();
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MediaCodec.h b/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MediaCodec.h
index bc6765c..6644e8e 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MediaCodec.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MediaCodec.h
@@ -456,12 +456,19 @@
     int32_t mRotationDegrees;
     int32_t mAllowFrameDroppingBySurface;
 
-    int32_t mConfigColorTransfer;
-    bool mHDRStaticInfo;
-    bool mHDR10PlusInfo;
-    void updateHDRFormatMetric();
-    hdr_format getHDRFormat(const int32_t profile, const int32_t transfer,
-            const AString &mediaType);
+    enum {
+        kFlagHasHdrStaticInfo   = 1,
+        kFlagHasHdr10PlusInfo   = 2,
+    };
+    uint32_t mHdrInfoFlags;
+    void updateHdrMetrics(bool isConfig);
+    hdr_format getHdrFormat(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+            const int32_t colorTransfer);
+    hdr_format getHdrFormatForEncoder(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+            const int32_t colorTransfer);
+    hdr_format getHdrFormatForDecoder(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile,
+            const int32_t colorTransfer);
+    bool profileSupport10Bits(const AString &mime, const int32_t profile);
 
     // initial create parameters
     AString mInitName;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MetaDataBase.h b/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MetaDataBase.h
index 88c1f3f..31faafb 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MetaDataBase.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/include/media/stagefright/MetaDataBase.h
@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@
     kKeyRtpExtMap        = 'extm', // int32_t, rtp extension ID for cvo on RTP protocol.
     kKeyRtpCvoDegrees    = 'cvod', // int32_t, rtp cvo degrees as per 3GPP 26.114.
     kKeyRtpDscp          = 'dscp', // int32_t, DSCP(Differentiated services codepoint) of RFC 2474.
+    kKeyRtpEcn           = 'sEcn', // int32_t, ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) of RFC 3168
     kKeySocketNetwork    = 'sNet', // int64_t, socket will be bound to network handle.
 
     // Slow-motion markers
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.cpp
index 88f7be7..100c0cd 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
       mFirstIFrameProvided(false),
       mLastCvo(-1),
       mLastIFrameProvidedAtMs(0),
-      mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs(0),
       mWidth(0),
       mHeight(0) {
 }
@@ -123,20 +122,11 @@
     }
 
     sp<ABuffer> buffer = *queue->begin();
+    uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)buffer->int32Data();
     buffer->meta()->setObject("source", source);
 
-    /**
-     * RFC3550 calculates the interarrival jitter time for 'ALL packets'.
-     * But that is not useful as an ingredient of buffering time.
-     * Instead, we calculates the time only for all 'NAL units'.
-     */
     int64_t rtpTime = findRTPTime(firstRTPTime, buffer);
     int64_t nowTimeUs = ALooper::GetNowUs();
-    if (rtpTime != mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs) {
-        source->putBaseJitterData(rtpTime, nowTimeUs);
-        mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs = rtpTime;
-    }
-    source->putInterArrivalJitterData(rtpTime, nowTimeUs);
 
     const int64_t startTimeMs = source->mSysAnchorTime / 1000;
     const int64_t nowTimeMs = nowTimeUs / 1000;
@@ -168,7 +158,7 @@
     const int32_t dynamicJbTimeMs = std::min(dynamicJitterTimeMs, 150);
     const int64_t dynamicJbTimeRtp = MsToRtp(dynamicJbTimeMs, clockRate);
     /* Fundamental jitter time */
-    const int32_t jitterTimeMs = baseJbTimeMs;
+    const int32_t jitterTimeMs = baseJbTimeMs + dynamicJbTimeMs;
     const int64_t jitterTimeRtp = MsToRtp(jitterTimeMs, clockRate);
 
     // Till (T), this assembler waits unconditionally to collect current NAL unit
@@ -177,7 +167,7 @@
     bool isExpired = (diffTimeRtp >= 0);                    // It's expired if T is passed away
 
     // From (T), this assembler tries to complete the NAL till (T + try)
-    int32_t tryJbTimeMs = baseJitterTimeMs / 2 + dynamicJbTimeMs;
+    int32_t tryJbTimeMs = dynamicJbTimeMs;
     int64_t tryJbTimeRtp = MsToRtp(tryJbTimeMs, clockRate);
     bool isFirstLineBroken = (diffTimeRtp > tryJbTimeRtp);
 
@@ -208,10 +198,10 @@
         String8 info;
         info.appendFormat("RTP diff from exp =%lld \t MS diff from stamp = %lld\t\t"
                     "Seq# %d \t ExpSeq# %d \t"
-                    "JitterMs %d + (%d + %d * %.3f)",
+                    "JitterMs [%d + (~%d~)] + %d * %.3f",
                     (long long)diffTimeRtp, (long long)totalDiffTimeMs,
-                    buffer->int32Data(), mNextExpectedSeqNo,
-                    jitterTimeMs, tryJbTimeMs, dynamicJbTimeMs, JITTER_MULTIPLE);
+                    seqNum, mNextExpectedSeqNo,
+                    baseJbTimeMs, dynamicJbTimeMs, tryJbTimeMs, JITTER_MULTIPLE);
         if (isSecondLineBroken) {
             ALOGE("%s", info.string());
             printNowTimeMs(startTimeMs, nowTimeMs, playedTimeMs);
@@ -223,6 +213,9 @@
     }
 
     if (mNextExpectedSeqNoValid) {
+        if (mNextExpectedSeqNo > seqNum) {
+            ALOGE("Reversed exp seq# %d \t current head %d", mNextExpectedSeqNo, seqNum);
+        }
         mNextExpectedSeqNo = pickStartSeq(queue, firstRTPTime, playedTimeRtp, jitterTimeRtp);
         int32_t cntRemove = deleteUnitUnderSeq(queue, mNextExpectedSeqNo);
 
@@ -241,10 +234,10 @@
 
     if (!mNextExpectedSeqNoValid) {
         mNextExpectedSeqNoValid = true;
-        mNextExpectedSeqNo = (uint32_t)buffer->int32Data();
-    } else if ((uint32_t)buffer->int32Data() != mNextExpectedSeqNo) {
-        ALOGV("Not the sequence number I expected");
-
+        mNextExpectedSeqNo = seqNum;
+    } else if (seqNum != mNextExpectedSeqNo) {
+        ALOGV("Not the sequence number(%d) I expected. Actual seq# is %d",
+                mNextExpectedSeqNo, seqNum);
         return WRONG_SEQUENCE_NUMBER;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.cpp
index 72dd981..7b5c24a 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.cpp
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
       mFirstIFrameProvided(false),
       mLastCvo(-1),
       mLastIFrameProvidedAtMs(0),
-      mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs(0),
       mWidth(0),
       mHeight(0) {
 
@@ -133,20 +132,11 @@
     }
 
     sp<ABuffer> buffer = *queue->begin();
+    uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)buffer->int32Data();
     buffer->meta()->setObject("source", source);
 
-    /**
-     * RFC3550 calculates the interarrival jitter time for 'ALL packets'.
-     * But that is not useful as an ingredient of buffering time.
-     * Instead, we calculates the time only for all 'NAL units'.
-     */
     int64_t rtpTime = findRTPTime(firstRTPTime, buffer);
     int64_t nowTimeUs = ALooper::GetNowUs();
-    if (rtpTime != mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs) {
-        source->putBaseJitterData(rtpTime, nowTimeUs);
-        mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs = rtpTime;
-    }
-    source->putInterArrivalJitterData(rtpTime, nowTimeUs);
 
     const int64_t startTimeMs = source->mSysAnchorTime / 1000;
     const int64_t nowTimeMs = nowTimeUs / 1000;
@@ -178,7 +168,7 @@
     const int32_t dynamicJbTimeMs = std::min(dynamicJitterTimeMs, 150);
     const int64_t dynamicJbTimeRtp = MsToRtp(dynamicJbTimeMs, clockRate);
     /* Fundamental jitter time */
-    const int32_t jitterTimeMs = baseJbTimeMs;
+    const int32_t jitterTimeMs = baseJbTimeMs + dynamicJbTimeMs;
     const int64_t jitterTimeRtp = MsToRtp(jitterTimeMs, clockRate);
 
     // Till (T), this assembler waits unconditionally to collect current NAL unit
@@ -187,7 +177,7 @@
     bool isExpired = (diffTimeRtp >= 0);                    // It's expired if T is passed away
 
     // From (T), this assembler tries to complete the NAL till (T + try)
-    int32_t tryJbTimeMs = baseJitterTimeMs / 2 + dynamicJbTimeMs;
+    int32_t tryJbTimeMs = dynamicJbTimeMs;
     int64_t tryJbTimeRtp = MsToRtp(tryJbTimeMs, clockRate);
     bool isFirstLineBroken = (diffTimeRtp > tryJbTimeRtp);
 
@@ -218,10 +208,10 @@
         String8 info;
         info.appendFormat("RTP diff from exp =%lld \t MS diff from stamp = %lld\t\t"
                     "Seq# %d \t ExpSeq# %d \t"
-                    "JitterMs %d + (%d + %d * %.3f)",
+                    "JitterMs [%d + (~%d~)] + %d * %.3f",
                     (long long)diffTimeRtp, (long long)totalDiffTimeMs,
-                    buffer->int32Data(), mNextExpectedSeqNo,
-                    jitterTimeMs, tryJbTimeMs, dynamicJbTimeMs, JITTER_MULTIPLE);
+                    seqNum, mNextExpectedSeqNo,
+                    baseJbTimeMs, dynamicJbTimeMs, tryJbTimeMs, JITTER_MULTIPLE);
         if (isSecondLineBroken) {
             ALOGE("%s", info.string());
             printNowTimeMs(startTimeMs, nowTimeMs, playedTimeMs);
@@ -251,10 +241,10 @@
 
     if (!mNextExpectedSeqNoValid) {
         mNextExpectedSeqNoValid = true;
-        mNextExpectedSeqNo = (uint32_t)buffer->int32Data();
-    } else if ((uint32_t)buffer->int32Data() != mNextExpectedSeqNo) {
-        ALOGV("Not the sequence number I expected");
-
+        mNextExpectedSeqNo = seqNum;
+    } else if (seqNum != mNextExpectedSeqNo) {
+        ALOGV("Not the sequence number(%d) I expected. Actual seq# is %d",
+                mNextExpectedSeqNo, seqNum);
         return WRONG_SEQUENCE_NUMBER;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.cpp
index a61f48f..165c336 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 #define LOG_TAG "ARTPConnection"
+#define INET_ECN_NOT_ECT    0x00    /* ECN was not enabled */
+#define INET_ECN_ECT_1      0x01    /* ECN capable packet */
+#define INET_ECN_ECT_0      0x02    /* ECN capable packet */
+#define INET_ECN_CE         0x03    /* ECN congestion */
+#define INET_ECN_MASK       0x03    /* Mask of ECN bits */
+
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPAssembler.h>
@@ -56,6 +62,7 @@
 
 // static
 const int64_t ARTPConnection::kSelectTimeoutUs = 1000LL;
+const int64_t ARTPConnection::kMinOneSecondNotifyDelayUs = 100000ll;
 
 struct ARTPConnection::StreamInfo {
     bool isIPv6;
@@ -84,7 +91,10 @@
       mPollEventPending(false),
       mLastReceiverReportTimeUs(-1),
       mLastBitrateReportTimeUs(-1),
+      mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs(-1),
       mTargetBitrate(-1),
+      mRtpSockOptEcn(0),
+      mIsIPv6(false),
       mStaticJitterTimeMs(kStaticJitterTimeMs) {
 }
 
@@ -175,7 +185,7 @@
 // static
 void ARTPConnection::MakeRTPSocketPair(
         int *rtpSocket, int *rtcpSocket, const char *localIp, const char *remoteIp,
-        unsigned localPort, unsigned remotePort, int64_t socketNetwork) {
+        unsigned localPort, unsigned remotePort, int64_t socketNetwork, int32_t sockOptEcn) {
     bool isIPv6 = false;
     if (strchr(localIp, ':') != NULL)
         isIPv6 = true;
@@ -204,6 +214,24 @@
         }
     }
 
+    if (sockOptEcn != 0) {
+        int sockOptForTOS = 1;
+        if (setsockopt(*rtpSocket, isIPv6 ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP,
+               isIPv6 ? IPV6_RECVTCLASS : IP_RECVTOS,
+               (int *)&sockOptForTOS, sizeof(sockOptForTOS)) < 0) {
+            ALOGE("failed to set recv sockopt TOS on rtpsock(%d). err=%s", *rtpSocket,
+                strerror(errno));
+        } else {
+            ALOGD("successfully set recv sockopt TOS on rtpsock(%d)", *rtpSocket);
+            int result = setsockopt(*rtcpSocket, isIPv6 ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP,
+                isIPv6 ? IPV6_RECVTCLASS : IP_RECVTOS,
+                (int *)&sockOptForTOS, sizeof(sockOptForTOS));
+            if (result >= 0) {
+                ALOGD("successfully set recv sockopt TOS on rtcpsock(%d).", *rtcpSocket);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     bumpSocketBufferSize(*rtcpSocket);
 
     struct sockaddr *addr;
@@ -593,32 +621,25 @@
 
     sp<ABuffer> buffer = new ABuffer(65536);
 
-    struct sockaddr *pRemoteRTCPAddr;
-    int sizeSockSt;
-    if (s->isIPv6) {
-        pRemoteRTCPAddr = (struct sockaddr *)&s->mRemoteRTCPAddr6;
-        sizeSockSt = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
-    } else {
-        pRemoteRTCPAddr = (struct sockaddr *)&s->mRemoteRTCPAddr;
-        sizeSockSt = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
-    }
-    socklen_t remoteAddrLen =
-        (!receiveRTP && s->mNumRTCPPacketsReceived == 0)
-            ? sizeSockSt : 0;
+    struct msghdr sMsg = {};
+    struct iovec sIov[1] = {};
 
-    if (mFlags & kViLTEConnection) {
-        remoteAddrLen = 0;
-    }
+    sIov[0].iov_base = (char *) buffer->data();
+    sIov[0].iov_len = buffer->capacity();
+
+    sMsg.msg_iov = sIov;
+    sMsg.msg_iovlen = 1;
+
+    int cMsgSize = sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(uint8_t);
+    char buf[CMSG_SPACE(cMsgSize)];
+    sMsg.msg_control = buf;
+    sMsg.msg_controllen = sizeof(buf);
+    sMsg.msg_flags = 0;
 
     ssize_t nbytes;
     do {
-        nbytes = recvfrom(
-            receiveRTP ? s->mRTPSocket : s->mRTCPSocket,
-            buffer->data(),
-            buffer->capacity(),
-            0,
-            remoteAddrLen > 0 ? pRemoteRTCPAddr : NULL,
-            remoteAddrLen > 0 ? &remoteAddrLen : NULL);
+        // Used recvmsg to get the TOS header of incoming packet
+        nbytes = recvmsg(receiveRTP ? s->mRTPSocket : s->mRTCPSocket, &sMsg, 0);
         mCumulativeBytes += nbytes;
     } while (nbytes < 0 && errno == EINTR);
 
@@ -633,6 +654,10 @@
         }
     }
 
+    if (nbytes > 0) {
+        handleIpHeadersIfReceived(s, sMsg);
+    }
+
     buffer->setRange(0, nbytes);
 
     // ALOGI("received %d bytes.", buffer->size());
@@ -647,13 +672,68 @@
     return err;
 }
 
+/* This function will check if TOS is present or not in received IP packet.
+ * After that if it is present then it will notify about congestion to upper
+ * layer if CE bit is set in TOS header.
+ **/
+void ARTPConnection::handleIpHeadersIfReceived(StreamInfo *s, struct msghdr sMsg) {
+    struct cmsghdr *cMsg;
+    cMsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&sMsg);
+
+    if (cMsg == NULL) {
+        ALOGV("cmsg is null");
+    }
+
+    for (; cMsg != NULL; cMsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&sMsg, cMsg)) {
+        bool isTOSHeader = ((cMsg->cmsg_level == (mIsIPv6 ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP))
+                              && (cMsg->cmsg_type == (mIsIPv6 ? IPV6_TCLASS : IP_TOS))
+                              && (cMsg->cmsg_len));
+        if (isTOSHeader) {
+            uint8_t receivedTOS;
+            receivedTOS = *((uint8_t *) CMSG_DATA(cMsg));
+            // checking CE bit is set
+            bool isCEBitMarked = ((receivedTOS & INET_ECN_MASK) == INET_ECN_CE);
+
+            ALOGV("receivedTos(value -> %d)", receivedTOS);
+
+            if (isCEBitMarked) {
+                ALOGD("receivedTos(value -> %d), is ECN CE marked = %d",
+                    receivedTOS, isCEBitMarked);
+                notifyCongestionToUpperLayerIfNeeded(s);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* this function will be use to notify congestion in video call to upper layer */
+void ARTPConnection::notifyCongestionToUpperLayerIfNeeded(StreamInfo *s) {
+    int64_t nowUs = ALooper::GetNowUs();
+
+    if (mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs <= 0) {
+        mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs = nowUs;
+    }
+
+    bool isNeedToUpdate = (mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs + kMinOneSecondNotifyDelayUs <= nowUs);
+    ALOGD("ECN info set by upper layer=%d, isNeedToUpdate=%d", mRtpSockOptEcn, isNeedToUpdate);
+
+    if ((mRtpSockOptEcn != 0) && (isNeedToUpdate)) {
+        sp<AMessage> notify = s->mNotifyMsg->dup();
+        notify->setInt32("rtcp-event", 1);
+        notify->setInt32("payload-type", ARTPSource::RTP_QUALITY_CD);
+        notify->post();
+        mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs = nowUs;
+        ALOGD("Congestion detected in n/w, Notify upper layer");
+    }
+}
+
 ssize_t ARTPConnection::send(const StreamInfo *info, const sp<ABuffer> buffer) {
         struct sockaddr* pRemoteRTCPAddr;
         int sizeSockSt;
 
         /* It seems this isIPv6 variable is useless.
          * We should remove it to prevent confusion */
-        if (info->isIPv6) {
+        if (mIsIPv6) {
             pRemoteRTCPAddr = (struct sockaddr *)&info->mRemoteRTCPAddr6;
             sizeSockSt = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
         } else {
@@ -1215,12 +1295,20 @@
     mTargetBitrate = targetBitrate;
 }
 
+void ARTPConnection::setRtpSockOptEcn(int32_t sockOptEcn) {
+    mRtpSockOptEcn = sockOptEcn;
+}
+
+void ARTPConnection::setIsIPv6(const char *localIp) {
+    mIsIPv6 = (strchr(localIp, ':') != nullptr);
+}
+
 void ARTPConnection::checkRxBitrate(int64_t nowUs) {
     if (mLastBitrateReportTimeUs <= 0) {
         mCumulativeBytes = 0;
         mLastBitrateReportTimeUs = nowUs;
     }
-    else if (mLastEarlyNotifyTimeUs + 100000ll <= nowUs) {
+    else if (mLastEarlyNotifyTimeUs + kMinOneSecondNotifyDelayUs <= nowUs) {
         int32_t timeDiff = (nowUs - mLastBitrateReportTimeUs) / 1000000ll;
         int32_t bitrate = mCumulativeBytes * 8 / timeDiff;
         mLastEarlyNotifyTimeUs = nowUs;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.cpp
index 717d8af..c5b0a1e 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.cpp
@@ -264,12 +264,12 @@
 
 bool ARTPSource::queuePacket(const sp<ABuffer> &buffer) {
     int64_t nowUs = ALooper::GetNowUs();
+    int64_t rtpTime = 0;
     uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)buffer->int32Data();
-    int32_t ssrc = 0, rtpTime = 0;
+    int32_t ssrc = 0;
 
     buffer->meta()->findInt32("ssrc", &ssrc);
     CHECK(buffer->meta()->findInt32("rtp-time", (int32_t *)&rtpTime));
-    mLatestRtpTime = rtpTime;
 
     if (mNumBuffersReceived++ == 0 && mFirstSysTime == 0) {
         mFirstSysTime = nowUs;
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
         mLastSysAnchorTimeUpdatedUs = nowUs;
         mHighestSeqNumber = seqNum;
         mBaseSeqNumber = seqNum;
-        mFirstRtpTime = rtpTime;
+        mFirstRtpTime = (uint32_t)rtpTime;
         mFirstSsrc = ssrc;
         ALOGD("first-rtp arrived: first-rtp-time=%u, sys-time=%lld, seq-num=%u, ssrc=%d",
                 mFirstRtpTime, (long long)mFirstSysTime, mHighestSeqNumber, mFirstSsrc);
@@ -352,6 +352,18 @@
 
     mQueue.insert(it, buffer);
 
+    /**
+     * RFC3550 calculates the interarrival jitter time for 'ALL packets'.
+     * We calculate anothor jitter only for all 'Head NAL units'
+     */
+    ALOGV("<======== Insert %d", seqNum);
+    rtpTime = mAssembler->findRTPTime(mFirstRtpTime, buffer);
+    if (rtpTime != mLatestRtpTime) {
+        mJitterCalc->putBaseData(rtpTime, nowUs);
+    }
+    mJitterCalc->putInterArrivalData(rtpTime, nowUs);
+    mLatestRtpTime = rtpTime;
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -680,14 +692,6 @@
     mStaticJbTimeMs = jbTimeMs;
 }
 
-void ARTPSource::putBaseJitterData(uint32_t timeStamp, int64_t arrivalTime) {
-    mJitterCalc->putBaseData(timeStamp, arrivalTime);
-}
-
-void ARTPSource::putInterArrivalJitterData(uint32_t timeStamp, int64_t arrivalTime) {
-    mJitterCalc->putInterArrivalData(timeStamp, arrivalTime);
-}
-
 void ARTPSource::setJbTimer(const sp<AMessage> timer) {
     mJbTimer = timer;
 }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.cpp
index 8990f0c..41f2d67 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.cpp
@@ -255,9 +255,34 @@
     if (params->findInt32(kKeyRtpCvoDegrees, &rtpCVODegrees))
         mRTPCVODegrees = rtpCVODegrees;
 
+    bool needToSetSockOpt = false;
     int32_t dscp = 0;
-    if (params->findInt32(kKeyRtpDscp, &dscp))
-        updateSocketDscp(dscp);
+    if (params->findInt32(kKeyRtpDscp, &dscp)) {
+        mRtpLayer3Dscp = dscp << 2;
+        needToSetSockOpt = true;
+    }
+
+    int32_t ecn = 0;
+    if (params->findInt32(kKeyRtpEcn, &ecn)) {
+        /*
+         * @ecn, possible value for ECN.
+         *  +-----+-----+
+         *  | ECN FIELD |
+         *  +-----+-----+
+         *    ECT   CE         [Obsolete] RFC 2481 names for the ECN bits.
+         *     0     0         Not-ECT
+         *     0     1         ECT (ECN-Capable Transport) (1)
+         *     1     0         ECT (ECN-Capable Transport) (0)
+         *     1     1         CE (Congestion Experienced)
+         *
+         */
+        mRtpSockOptEcn = ecn;
+        needToSetSockOpt = true;
+    }
+
+    if (needToSetSockOpt) {
+        updateSocketOpt();
+    }
 
     int64_t sockNetwork = 0;
     if (params->findInt64(kKeySocketNetwork, &sockNetwork))
@@ -1438,18 +1463,29 @@
     mPayloadType = payloadType;
 }
 
-void ARTPWriter::updateSocketDscp(int32_t dscp) {
-    mRtpLayer3Dscp = dscp << 2;
+/*
+ * This function will set socket option in IP header
+ */
+void ARTPWriter::updateSocketOpt() {
+    /*
+     * 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7
+     * +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+     * |          DS FIELD, DSCP           | ECN FIELD |
+     * +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
+     */
+    int sockOpt = mRtpLayer3Dscp ^ mRtpSockOptEcn;
+    ALOGD("Update socket opt with sockopt=%d, mRtpLayer3Dscp=%d, mRtpSockOptEcn=%d",
+                sockOpt, mRtpLayer3Dscp, mRtpSockOptEcn);
 
-    /* mRtpLayer3Dscp will be mapped to WMM(Wifi) as per operator's requirement */
-    if (setsockopt(mRTPSocket, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS,
-                (int *)&mRtpLayer3Dscp, sizeof(mRtpLayer3Dscp)) < 0) {
-        ALOGE("failed to set dscp on rtpsock. err=%s", strerror(errno));
+    /* sockOpt will be used to set socket option in IP header */
+    if (setsockopt(mRTPSocket, mIsIPv6 ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP, mIsIPv6 ? IPV6_TCLASS : IP_TOS,
+                (int *)&sockOpt, sizeof(sockOpt)) < 0) {
+        ALOGE("failed to set sockopt on rtpsock. err=%s", strerror(errno));
     } else {
-        ALOGD("successfully set dscp on rtpsock. opt=%d", mRtpLayer3Dscp);
-        setsockopt(mRTCPSocket, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS,
-                (int *)&mRtpLayer3Dscp, sizeof(mRtpLayer3Dscp));
-        ALOGD("successfully set dscp on rtcpsock. opt=%d", mRtpLayer3Dscp);
+        ALOGD("successfully set sockopt. opt=%d", sockOpt);
+        setsockopt(mRTCPSocket, mIsIPv6 ? IPPROTO_IPV6 : IPPROTO_IP, mIsIPv6 ? IPV6_TCLASS : IP_TOS,
+                (int *)&sockOpt, sizeof(sockOpt));
+        ALOGD("successfully set sockopt rtcpsock. opt=%d", sockOpt);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.h
index 2f8b8ba..70ce388 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AAVCAssembler.h
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
     bool mFirstIFrameProvided;
     int32_t mLastCvo;
     uint64_t mLastIFrameProvidedAtMs;
-    int64_t mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs;
     int32_t mWidth;
     int32_t mHeight;
     List<sp<ABuffer> > mNALUnits;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.h
index 9575d8c..ed3f1ae 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/AHEVCAssembler.h
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@
     bool mFirstIFrameProvided;
     int32_t mLastCvo;
     uint64_t mLastIFrameProvidedAtMs;
-    int64_t mLastRtpTimeJitterDataUs;
     int32_t mWidth;
     int32_t mHeight;
     List<sp<ABuffer> > mNALUnits;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPAssembler.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPAssembler.h
index 39161b6..8f87642 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPAssembler.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPAssembler.h
@@ -44,6 +44,13 @@
     virtual void onByeReceived() = 0;
     virtual bool initCheck() { return true; }
 
+    // Utility functions
+    inline int64_t findRTPTime(const uint32_t& firstRTPTime, const sp<ABuffer>& buffer);
+    inline int64_t MsToRtp(int64_t ms, int64_t clockRate);
+    inline int64_t RtpToMs(int64_t rtp, int64_t clockRate);
+    inline void printNowTimeMs(int64_t start, int64_t now, int64_t play);
+    inline void printRTPTime(int64_t rtp, int64_t play, int64_t exp, bool isExp);
+
 protected:
     virtual AssemblyStatus assembleMore(const sp<ARTPSource> &source) = 0;
     virtual void packetLost() = 0;
@@ -64,13 +71,6 @@
     bool mShowQueue;
     int32_t mShowQueueCnt;
 
-    // Utility functions
-    inline int64_t findRTPTime(const uint32_t& firstRTPTime, const sp<ABuffer>& buffer);
-    inline int64_t MsToRtp(int64_t ms, int64_t clockRate);
-    inline int64_t RtpToMs(int64_t rtp, int64_t clockRate);
-    inline void printNowTimeMs(int64_t start, int64_t now, int64_t play);
-    inline void printRTPTime(int64_t rtp, int64_t play, int64_t exp, bool isExp);
-
 private:
     int64_t mFirstFailureTimeUs;
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.h
index 73d2866..250de71 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPConnection.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/AHandler.h>
 #include <utils/List.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -48,6 +49,8 @@
     void setSelfID(const uint32_t selfID);
     void setStaticJitterTimeMs(const uint32_t jbTimeMs);
     void setTargetBitrate(int32_t targetBitrate);
+    void setRtpSockOptEcn(int32_t sockOptEcn);
+    void setIsIPv6(const char *localIp);
 
     // Creates a pair of UDP datagram sockets bound to adjacent ports
     // (the rtpSocket is bound to an even port, the rtcpSocket to the
@@ -60,7 +63,8 @@
     static void MakeRTPSocketPair(
             int *rtpSocket, int *rtcpSocket,
             const char *localIp, const char *remoteIp,
-            unsigned localPort, unsigned remotePort, int64_t socketNetwork = 0);
+            unsigned localPort, unsigned remotePort, int64_t socketNetwork = 0,
+            int32_t sockOptEcn = 0);
 
 protected:
     virtual ~ARTPConnection();
@@ -77,6 +81,7 @@
     };
 
     static const int64_t kSelectTimeoutUs;
+    static const int64_t kMinOneSecondNotifyDelayUs;
 
     uint32_t mFlags;
 
@@ -87,9 +92,12 @@
     int64_t mLastReceiverReportTimeUs;
     int64_t mLastBitrateReportTimeUs;
     int64_t mLastEarlyNotifyTimeUs;
+    int64_t mLastCongestionNotifyTimeUs;
 
     int32_t mSelfID;
     int32_t mTargetBitrate;
+    int32_t mRtpSockOptEcn;
+    bool mIsIPv6;
 
     uint32_t mStaticJitterTimeMs;
 
@@ -103,6 +111,8 @@
     void onInjectPacket(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
     void onSendReceiverReports();
     void checkRxBitrate(int64_t nowUs);
+    void notifyCongestionToUpperLayerIfNeeded(StreamInfo *s);
+    void handleIpHeadersIfReceived(StreamInfo *s, struct msghdr sMsg);
 
     status_t receive(StreamInfo *info, bool receiveRTP);
     ssize_t send(const StreamInfo *info, const sp<ABuffer> buffer);
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.h
index e9b4942..7d1faf2 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPSource.h
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
         RTCP_FIRST_PACKET = 101,
         RTP_QUALITY = 102,
         RTP_QUALITY_EMC = 103,
+        RTP_QUALITY_CD = 104,
         RTCP_SR = 200,
         RTCP_RR = 201,
         RTCP_TSFB = 205,
@@ -81,8 +82,6 @@
     int32_t getBaseJitterTimeMs();
     int32_t getInterArrivalJitterTimeMs();
     void setStaticJitterTimeMs(const uint32_t jbTimeMs);
-    void putBaseJitterData(uint32_t timeStamp, int64_t arrivalTime);
-    void putInterArrivalJitterData(uint32_t timeStamp, int64_t arrivalTime);
     void setJbTimer(const sp<AMessage> timer);
     void setJbAlarmTime(int64_t nowTimeUs, int64_t alarmAfterUs);
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.h
index 2982cf6..ecd29d0 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/include/media/stagefright/rtsp/ARTPWriter.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     virtual status_t pause();
     void updateCVODegrees(int32_t cvoDegrees);
     void updatePayloadType(int32_t payloadType);
-    void updateSocketDscp(int32_t dscp);
+    void updateSocketOpt();
     void updateSocketNetwork(int64_t socketNetwork);
     uint32_t getSequenceNum();
     virtual uint64_t getAccumulativeBytes() override;
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@
     struct sockaddr_in6 mRTPAddr6;
     struct sockaddr_in6 mRTCPAddr6;
     int32_t mRtpLayer3Dscp;
+    int32_t mRtpSockOptEcn;
     net_handle_t mRTPSockNetwork;
 
     AString mProfileLevel;
diff --git a/media/ndk/NdkImage.cpp b/media/ndk/NdkImage.cpp
index 12a0d53..c46a692 100644
--- a/media/ndk/NdkImage.cpp
+++ b/media/ndk/NdkImage.cpp
@@ -247,6 +247,13 @@
         case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCrCb_420_SP:
             *pixelStride = (planeIdx == 0) ? 1 : 2;
             return AMEDIA_OK;
+        case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_P010:
+            if (mLockedBuffer->dataCb && mLockedBuffer->dataCr) {
+                *pixelStride = (planeIdx == 0) ? 2 : mLockedBuffer->chromaStep;
+            } else {
+                *pixelStride = (planeIdx == 0) ? 2 : 4;
+            }
+            return AMEDIA_OK;
         case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_Y8:
             *pixelStride = 1;
             return AMEDIA_OK;
@@ -316,6 +323,13 @@
             *rowStride = (planeIdx == 0) ? mLockedBuffer->stride
                                          : ALIGN(mLockedBuffer->stride / 2, 16);
             return AMEDIA_OK;
+        case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_P010:
+            if (mLockedBuffer->dataCb && mLockedBuffer->dataCr) {
+                *rowStride = (planeIdx == 0) ?  mLockedBuffer->stride : mLockedBuffer->chromaStride;
+            } else {
+                *rowStride = mLockedBuffer->stride * 2;
+            }
+            return AMEDIA_OK;
         case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW10:
         case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW12:
             // RAW10 and RAW12 are used for 10-bit and 12-bit raw data, they are single plane
@@ -473,6 +487,47 @@
                                     : (planeIdx == 1) ? cb : cr;
             dataSize = (planeIdx == 0) ? ySize : cSize;
             break;
+        case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_P010:
+            if (mLockedBuffer->height % 2 != 0) {
+                ALOGE("YCBCR_P010: height (%d) should be a multiple of 2", mLockedBuffer->height);
+                return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+            }
+
+            if (mLockedBuffer->width <= 0) {
+                ALOGE("YCBCR_P010: width (%d) should be a > 0", mLockedBuffer->width);
+                return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+            }
+
+            if (mLockedBuffer->height <= 0) {
+                ALOGE("YCBCR_P010: height (%d) should be a > 0", mLockedBuffer->height);
+                return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+            }
+
+            if (mLockedBuffer->dataCb && mLockedBuffer->dataCr) {
+                pData = (planeIdx == 0) ?  mLockedBuffer->data :
+                        (planeIdx == 1) ?  mLockedBuffer->dataCb : mLockedBuffer->dataCr;
+                // only map until last pixel
+                if (planeIdx == 0) {
+                    cStride = mLockedBuffer->stride;
+                    dataSize = cStride * (mLockedBuffer->height - 1) + mLockedBuffer->width * 2;
+                } else {
+                    bytesPerPixel = mLockedBuffer->chromaStep;
+                    cStride = mLockedBuffer->chromaStride;
+                    dataSize = cStride * (mLockedBuffer->height / 2 - 1) +
+                            bytesPerPixel * (mLockedBuffer->width / 2);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            cStride = mLockedBuffer->stride * 2;
+            ySize = cStride * mLockedBuffer->height;
+            cSize = ySize / 2;
+            cb = mLockedBuffer->data + ySize;
+            cr = cb + 2;
+
+            pData = (planeIdx == 0) ?  mLockedBuffer->data : (planeIdx == 1) ?  cb : cr;
+            dataSize = (planeIdx == 0) ? ySize : cSize;
+            break;
         case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_Y8:
             // Single plane, 8bpp.
 
diff --git a/media/ndk/NdkImageReader.cpp b/media/ndk/NdkImageReader.cpp
index 1067e24..9270499 100644
--- a/media/ndk/NdkImageReader.cpp
+++ b/media/ndk/NdkImageReader.cpp
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_HEIC:
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_DEPTH_JPEG:
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_RAW_DEPTH10:
+        case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_P010:
             return true;
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_PRIVATE:
             // For private format, cpu usage is prohibited.
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@
 AImageReader::getNumPlanesForFormat(int32_t format) {
     switch (format) {
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_YUV_420_888:
+        case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_P010:
             return 3;
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_RGBA_8888:
         case AIMAGE_FORMAT_RGBX_8888:
diff --git a/media/ndk/NdkMediaCodec.cpp b/media/ndk/NdkMediaCodec.cpp
index 38e422d..ed31c02 100644
--- a/media/ndk/NdkMediaCodec.cpp
+++ b/media/ndk/NdkMediaCodec.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <charconv>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <set>
@@ -324,29 +325,61 @@
             }
 
             AMessage::Type type;
-            int64_t mediaTimeUs, systemNano;
-            size_t index = 0;
+            size_t n = data->countEntries();
 
-            // TODO. This code has dependency with MediaCodec::CreateFramesRenderedMessage.
-            for (size_t ix = 0; ix < data->countEntries(); ix++) {
-                AString name = data->getEntryNameAt(ix, &type);
-                if (name.startsWith(AStringPrintf("%zu-media-time-us", index).c_str())) {
-                    AMessage::ItemData data = msg->getEntryAt(index);
-                    data.find(&mediaTimeUs);
-                } else if (name.startsWith(AStringPrintf("%zu-system-nano", index).c_str())) {
-                    AMessage::ItemData data = msg->getEntryAt(index);
-                    data.find(&systemNano);
+            thread_local std::vector<std::optional<int64_t>> mediaTimesInUs;
+            thread_local std::vector<std::optional<int64_t>> systemTimesInNs;
+            mediaTimesInUs.resize(n);
+            systemTimesInNs.resize(n);
+            std::fill_n(mediaTimesInUs.begin(), n, std::nullopt);
+            std::fill_n(systemTimesInNs.begin(), n, std::nullopt);
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                AString name = data->getEntryNameAt(i, &type);
+                if (name.endsWith("-media-time-us")) {
+                    int64_t mediaTimeUs;
+                    AMessage::ItemData itemData = data->getEntryAt(i);
+                    itemData.find(&mediaTimeUs);
 
-                    Mutex::Autolock _l(mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallbackLock);
-                    if (mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallback != NULL) {
+                    int index = -1;
+                    std::from_chars_result result = std::from_chars(
+                            name.c_str(), name.c_str() + name.find("-"), index);
+                    if (result.ec == std::errc() && 0 <= index && index < n) {
+                        mediaTimesInUs[index] = mediaTimeUs;
+                    } else {
+                        std::error_code ec = std::make_error_code(result.ec);
+                        ALOGE("Unexpected media time index: #%d with value %lldus (err=%d %s)",
+                              index, (long long)mediaTimeUs, ec.value(), ec.message().c_str());
+                    }
+                } else if (name.endsWith("-system-nano")) {
+                    int64_t systemNano;
+                    AMessage::ItemData itemData = data->getEntryAt(i);
+                    itemData.find(&systemNano);
+
+                    int index = -1;
+                    std::from_chars_result result = std::from_chars(
+                            name.c_str(), name.c_str() + name.find("-"), index);
+                    if (result.ec == std::errc() && 0 <= index && index < n) {
+                        systemTimesInNs[index] = systemNano;
+                    } else {
+                        std::error_code ec = std::make_error_code(result.ec);
+                        ALOGE("Unexpected system time index: #%d with value %lldns (err=%d %s)",
+                              index, (long long)systemNano, ec.value(), ec.message().c_str());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Mutex::Autolock _l(mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallbackLock);
+            if (mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallback != NULL) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+                    if (mediaTimesInUs[i] && systemTimesInNs[i]) {
                         mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallback(
                                 mCodec,
                                 mCodec->mFrameRenderedCallbackUserData,
-                                mediaTimeUs,
-                                systemNano);
+                                mediaTimesInUs[i].value(),
+                                systemTimesInNs[i].value());
+                    } else {
+                        break;
                     }
-
-                    index++;
                 }
             }
             break;
@@ -529,22 +562,31 @@
         AMediaCodecOnAsyncNotifyCallback callback,
         void *userdata) {
 
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mData->mAsyncCallbackLock);
-
-    if (mData->mAsyncNotify == NULL) {
-        mData->mAsyncNotify = new AMessage(kWhatAsyncNotify, mData->mHandler);
+    {
+        Mutex::Autolock _l(mData->mAsyncCallbackLock);
+        if (mData->mAsyncNotify == NULL) {
+            mData->mAsyncNotify = new AMessage(kWhatAsyncNotify, mData->mHandler);
+        }
+        // we set this ahead so that we can be ready
+        // to receive callbacks as soon as the next call is a
+        // success.
+        mData->mAsyncCallback = callback;
+        mData->mAsyncCallbackUserData = userdata;
     }
 
     // always call, codec may have been reset/re-configured since last call.
     status_t err = mData->mCodec->setCallback(mData->mAsyncNotify);
     if (err != OK) {
+        {
+            //The setup gone wrong. clean up the pointers.
+            Mutex::Autolock _l(mData->mAsyncCallbackLock);
+            mData->mAsyncCallback = {};
+            mData->mAsyncCallbackUserData = nullptr;
+        }
         ALOGE("setAsyncNotifyCallback: err(%d), failed to set async callback", err);
         return translate_error(err);
     }
 
-    mData->mAsyncCallback = callback;
-    mData->mAsyncCallbackUserData = userdata;
-
     return AMEDIA_OK;
 }
 
diff --git a/media/ndk/NdkMediaDrm.cpp b/media/ndk/NdkMediaDrm.cpp
index 59c1103..f4674de 100644
--- a/media/ndk/NdkMediaDrm.cpp
+++ b/media/ndk/NdkMediaDrm.cpp
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
     AMediaDrmSessionId asid = {sessionId.data(), sessionId.size()};
     int32_t dataSize = data.size();
     const uint8_t *dataPtr = data.data();
-    if (dataSize > 0) {
+    if (dataSize >= 0) {
         (*mEventListener)(mObj, &asid, ndkEventType, 0, dataPtr, dataSize);
     } else {
         ALOGE("invalid event data size=%d", dataSize);
diff --git a/media/utils/MethodStatistics.cpp b/media/utils/MethodStatistics.cpp
index b179b20..086757b 100644
--- a/media/utils/MethodStatistics.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/MethodStatistics.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
 
 std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>
 getStatisticsClassesForModule(std::string_view moduleName) {
-    static const std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>> m {
+    static const std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>,
+            std::less<> /* transparent comparator */> m {
         {
             METHOD_STATISTICS_MODULE_NAME_AUDIO_HIDL,
             std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>(
@@ -34,13 +35,14 @@
               })
         },
     };
-    auto it = m.find({moduleName.begin(), moduleName.end()});
+    auto it = m.find(moduleName);
     if (it == m.end()) return {};
     return it->second;
 }
 
 static void addClassesToMap(const std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> &classNames,
-        std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>> &map) {
+        std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>,
+                std::less<> /* transparent comparator */> &map) {
     if (classNames) {
         for (const auto& className : *classNames) {
             map.emplace(className, std::make_shared<MethodStatistics<std::string>>());
@@ -51,17 +53,18 @@
 // singleton statistics for DeviceHalHidl StreamOutHalHidl StreamInHalHidl
 std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>
 getStatisticsForClass(std::string_view className) {
-    static const std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>> m =
+    static const std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>,
+            std::less<> /* transparent comparator */> m =
         // copy elided initialization of map m.
         [](){
-            std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>> m;
+            std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<MethodStatistics<std::string>>, std::less<>> m;
             addClassesToMap(
                     getStatisticsClassesForModule(METHOD_STATISTICS_MODULE_NAME_AUDIO_HIDL),
                     m);
             return m;
         }();
 
-    auto it = m.find({className.begin(), className.end()});
+    auto it = m.find(className);
     if (it == m.end()) return {};
     return it->second;
 }
diff --git a/media/utils/SchedulingPolicyService.cpp b/media/utils/SchedulingPolicyService.cpp
index ad38862..6e515ff 100644
--- a/media/utils/SchedulingPolicyService.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/SchedulingPolicyService.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <utils/Mutex.h>
 #include "ISchedulingPolicyService.h"
 #include "mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h"
@@ -86,4 +87,25 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+int requestSpatializerPriority(pid_t pid, pid_t tid) {
+    if (pid == -1 || tid == -1) return BAD_VALUE;
+
+    // update priority to RT if specified.
+    constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMin = 1;
+    constexpr int32_t kRTPriorityMax = 3;
+    const int32_t priorityBoost =
+            property_get_int32("audio.spatializer.priority", kRTPriorityMin);
+    if (priorityBoost >= kRTPriorityMin && priorityBoost <= kRTPriorityMax) {
+        const status_t status = requestPriority(
+                pid, tid, priorityBoost, false /* isForApp */, true /*asynchronous*/);
+        if (status != OK) {
+            ALOGW("%s: Cannot request spatializer priority boost %d, status:%d",
+                    __func__, priorityBoost, status);
+            return status < 0 ? status : UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        }
+        return priorityBoost;
+    }
+    return 0;  // no boost requested
+}
+
 }   // namespace android
diff --git a/media/utils/TimeCheck.cpp b/media/utils/TimeCheck.cpp
index 0848eb3..6823f4f 100644
--- a/media/utils/TimeCheck.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/TimeCheck.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <audio_utils/clock.h>
 #include <mediautils/EventLog.h>
+#include <mediautils/FixedString.h>
 #include <mediautils/MethodStatistics.h>
 #include <mediautils/TimeCheck.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
@@ -138,22 +139,24 @@
     return getTimeCheckThread().toString();
 }
 
-TimeCheck::TimeCheck(std::string tag, OnTimerFunc&& onTimer, uint32_t timeoutMs,
-        bool crashOnTimeout)
-    : mTimeCheckHandler(new TimeCheckHandler{
-            std::move(tag), std::move(onTimer), crashOnTimeout,
-            std::chrono::system_clock::now(), gettid()})
-    , mTimerHandle(timeoutMs == 0
+TimeCheck::TimeCheck(std::string_view tag, OnTimerFunc&& onTimer, Duration requestedTimeoutDuration,
+        Duration secondChanceDuration, bool crashOnTimeout)
+    : mTimeCheckHandler{ std::make_shared<TimeCheckHandler>(
+            tag, std::move(onTimer), crashOnTimeout, requestedTimeoutDuration,
+            secondChanceDuration, std::chrono::system_clock::now(), gettid()) }
+    , mTimerHandle(requestedTimeoutDuration.count() == 0
+              /* for TimeCheck we don't consider a non-zero secondChanceDuration here */
               ? getTimeCheckThread().trackTask(mTimeCheckHandler->tag)
               : getTimeCheckThread().scheduleTask(
                       mTimeCheckHandler->tag,
                       // Pass in all the arguments by value to this task for safety.
                       // The thread could call the callback before the constructor is finished.
                       // The destructor is not blocked on callback.
-                      [ timeCheckHandler = mTimeCheckHandler ] {
-                          timeCheckHandler->onTimeout();
+                      [ timeCheckHandler = mTimeCheckHandler ](TimerThread::Handle timerHandle) {
+                          timeCheckHandler->onTimeout(timerHandle);
                       },
-                      std::chrono::milliseconds(timeoutMs))) {}
+                      requestedTimeoutDuration,
+                      secondChanceDuration)) {}
 
 TimeCheck::~TimeCheck() {
     if (mTimeCheckHandler) {
@@ -161,23 +164,77 @@
     }
 }
 
+/* static */
+std::string TimeCheck::analyzeTimeouts(
+        float requestedTimeoutMs, float elapsedSteadyMs, float elapsedSystemMs) {
+    // Track any OS clock issues with suspend.
+    // It is possible that the elapsedSystemMs is much greater than elapsedSteadyMs if
+    // a suspend occurs; however, we always expect the timeout ms should always be slightly
+    // less than the elapsed steady ms regardless of whether a suspend occurs or not.
+
+    std::string s("Timeout ms ");
+    s.append(std::to_string(requestedTimeoutMs))
+        .append(" elapsed steady ms ").append(std::to_string(elapsedSteadyMs))
+        .append(" elapsed system ms ").append(std::to_string(elapsedSystemMs));
+
+    // Is there something unusual?
+    static constexpr float TOLERANCE_CONTEXT_SWITCH_MS = 200.f;
+
+    if (requestedTimeoutMs > elapsedSteadyMs || requestedTimeoutMs > elapsedSystemMs) {
+        s.append("\nError: early expiration - "
+                "requestedTimeoutMs should be less than elapsed time");
+    }
+
+    if (elapsedSteadyMs > elapsedSystemMs + TOLERANCE_CONTEXT_SWITCH_MS) {
+        s.append("\nWarning: steady time should not advance faster than system time");
+    }
+
+    // This has been found in suspend stress testing.
+    if (elapsedSteadyMs > requestedTimeoutMs + TOLERANCE_CONTEXT_SWITCH_MS) {
+        s.append("\nWarning: steady time significantly exceeds timeout "
+                "- possible thread stall or aborted suspend");
+    }
+
+    // This has been found in suspend stress testing.
+    if (elapsedSystemMs > requestedTimeoutMs + TOLERANCE_CONTEXT_SWITCH_MS) {
+        s.append("\nInformation: system time significantly exceeds timeout "
+                "- possible suspend");
+    }
+    return s;
+}
+
+// To avoid any potential race conditions, the timer handle
+// (expiration = clock steady start + timeout) is passed into the callback.
 void TimeCheck::TimeCheckHandler::onCancel(TimerThread::Handle timerHandle) const
 {
     if (TimeCheck::getTimeCheckThread().cancelTask(timerHandle) && onTimer) {
-        const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point endTime = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-        onTimer(false /* timeout */,
-                std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>>(
-                        endTime - startTime).count());
+        const std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point endSteadyTime =
+                std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        const float elapsedSteadyMs = std::chrono::duration_cast<FloatMs>(
+                endSteadyTime - timerHandle + timeoutDuration).count();
+        // send the elapsed steady time for statistics.
+        onTimer(false /* timeout */, elapsedSteadyMs);
     }
 }
 
-void TimeCheck::TimeCheckHandler::onTimeout() const
+// To avoid any potential race conditions, the timer handle
+// (expiration = clock steady start + timeout) is passed into the callback.
+void TimeCheck::TimeCheckHandler::onTimeout(TimerThread::Handle timerHandle) const
 {
-    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point endTime = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+    const std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point endSteadyTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point endSystemTime = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+    // timerHandle incorporates the timeout
+    const float elapsedSteadyMs = std::chrono::duration_cast<FloatMs>(
+            endSteadyTime - (timerHandle - timeoutDuration)).count();
+    const float elapsedSystemMs = std::chrono::duration_cast<FloatMs>(
+            endSystemTime - startSystemTime).count();
+    const float requestedTimeoutMs = std::chrono::duration_cast<FloatMs>(
+            timeoutDuration).count();
+    const float secondChanceMs = std::chrono::duration_cast<FloatMs>(
+            secondChanceDuration).count();
+
     if (onTimer) {
-        onTimer(true /* timeout */,
-                std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>>(
-                        endTime - startTime).count());
+        onTimer(true /* timeout */, elapsedSteadyMs);
     }
 
     if (!crashOnTimeout) return;
@@ -207,8 +264,10 @@
     // Create abort message string - caution: this can be very large.
     const std::string abortMessage = std::string("TimeCheck timeout for ")
             .append(tag)
-            .append(" scheduled ").append(formatTime(startTime))
+            .append(" scheduled ").append(formatTime(startSystemTime))
             .append(" on thread ").append(std::to_string(tid)).append("\n")
+            .append(analyzeTimeouts(requestedTimeoutMs + secondChanceMs,
+                    elapsedSteadyMs, elapsedSystemMs)).append("\n")
             .append(halPids).append("\n")
             .append(summary);
 
@@ -231,16 +290,16 @@
             mediautils::getStatisticsForClass(className);
     if (!statistics) return {}; // empty TimeCheck.
     return mediautils::TimeCheck(
-            std::string(className).append("::").append(methodName),
-            [ clazz = std::string(className), method = std::string(methodName),
+            FixedString62(className).append("::").append(methodName),
+            [ safeMethodName = FixedString30(methodName),
               stats = std::move(statistics) ]
             (bool timeout, float elapsedMs) {
                     if (timeout) {
                         ; // ignored, there is no timeout value.
                     } else {
-                        stats->event(method, elapsedMs);
+                        stats->event(safeMethodName.asStringView(), elapsedMs);
                     }
-            }, 0 /* timeoutMs */);
+            }, {} /* timeoutDuration */, {} /* secondChanceDuration */, false /* crashOnTimeout */);
 }
 
 }  // namespace android::mediautils
diff --git a/media/utils/TimerThread-test.cpp b/media/utils/TimerThread-test.cpp
index 93cd64c..9452c07 100644
--- a/media/utils/TimerThread-test.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/TimerThread-test.cpp
@@ -33,10 +33,28 @@
     return std::count(s.begin(), s.end(), c);
 }
 
-TEST(TimerThread, Basic) {
+
+// Split msec time between timeout and second chance time
+// This tests expiration times weighted between timeout and the second chance time.
+#define DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(msec, frac) \
+    std::chrono::milliseconds(int((msec) * (frac)) + 1), \
+    std::chrono::milliseconds(int((msec) * (1.f - (frac))))
+
+// The TimerThreadTest is parameterized on a fraction between 0.f and 1.f which
+// is how the total timeout time is split between the first timeout and the second chance time.
+//
+class TimerThreadTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<float> {
+protected:
+
+static void testBasic() {
+    const auto frac = GetParam();
+
     std::atomic<bool> taskRan = false;
     TimerThread thread;
-    thread.scheduleTask("Basic", [&taskRan] { taskRan = true; }, 100ms);
+    TimerThread::Handle handle =
+            thread.scheduleTask("Basic", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+                    taskRan = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(100, frac));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isTimeoutHandle(handle));
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms - kJitter);
     ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan);
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(2 * kJitter);
@@ -44,11 +62,15 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 }
 
-TEST(TimerThread, Cancel) {
+static void testCancel() {
+    const auto frac = GetParam();
+
     std::atomic<bool> taskRan = false;
     TimerThread thread;
     TimerThread::Handle handle =
-            thread.scheduleTask("Cancel", [&taskRan] { taskRan = true; }, 100ms);
+            thread.scheduleTask("Cancel", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+                    taskRan = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(100, frac));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isTimeoutHandle(handle));
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms - kJitter);
     ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan);
     ASSERT_TRUE(thread.cancelTask(handle));
@@ -57,88 +79,87 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 }
 
-TEST(TimerThread, CancelAfterRun) {
+static void testCancelAfterRun() {
+    const auto frac = GetParam();
+
     std::atomic<bool> taskRan = false;
     TimerThread thread;
     TimerThread::Handle handle =
-            thread.scheduleTask("CancelAfterRun", [&taskRan] { taskRan = true; }, 100ms);
+            thread.scheduleTask("CancelAfterRun",
+                    [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+                            taskRan = true; },
+                            DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(100, frac));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isTimeoutHandle(handle));
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms + kJitter);
     ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan);
     ASSERT_FALSE(thread.cancelTask(handle));
     ASSERT_EQ(1, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 }
 
-TEST(TimerThread, MultipleTasks) {
+static void testMultipleTasks() {
+    const auto frac = GetParam();
+
     std::array<std::atomic<bool>, 6> taskRan{};
     TimerThread thread;
 
     auto startTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
 
-    thread.scheduleTask("0", [&taskRan] { taskRan[0] = true; }, 300ms);
-    thread.scheduleTask("1", [&taskRan] { taskRan[1] = true; }, 100ms);
-    thread.scheduleTask("2", [&taskRan] { taskRan[2] = true; }, 200ms);
-    thread.scheduleTask("3", [&taskRan] { taskRan[3] = true; }, 400ms);
-    auto handle4 = thread.scheduleTask("4", [&taskRan] { taskRan[4] = true; }, 200ms);
-    thread.scheduleTask("5", [&taskRan] { taskRan[5] = true; }, 200ms);
+    thread.scheduleTask("0", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[0] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(300, frac));
+    thread.scheduleTask("1", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[1] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(100, frac));
+    thread.scheduleTask("2", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[2] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(200, frac));
+    thread.scheduleTask("3", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[3] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(400, frac));
+    auto handle4 = thread.scheduleTask("4", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[4] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(200, frac));
+    thread.scheduleTask("5", [&taskRan](TimerThread::Handle handle __unused) {
+            taskRan[5] = true; }, DISTRIBUTE_TIMEOUT_SECONDCHANCE_MS_FRAC(200, frac));
 
     // 6 tasks pending
     ASSERT_EQ(6, countChars(thread.pendingToString(), REQUEST_START));
     // 0 tasks completed
     ASSERT_EQ(0, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 
+    // None of the tasks are expected to have finished at the start.
+    std::array<std::atomic<bool>, 6> expected{};
+
     // Task 1 should trigger around 100ms.
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 100ms - kJitter);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
+
 
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 100ms + kJitter);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    expected[1] = true;
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     // Cancel task 4 before it gets a chance to run.
     thread.cancelTask(handle4);
 
     // Tasks 2 and 5 should trigger around 200ms.
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 200ms - kJitter);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
+
 
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 200ms + kJitter);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    expected[2] = true;
+    expected[5] = true;
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     // Task 0 should trigger around 300ms.
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 300ms - kJitter);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 300ms + kJitter);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    expected[0] = true;
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     // 1 task pending
     ASSERT_EQ(1, countChars(thread.pendingToString(), REQUEST_START));
@@ -147,23 +168,16 @@
 
     // Task 3 should trigger around 400ms.
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 400ms - kJitter);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     // 4 tasks ran and 1 cancelled
     ASSERT_EQ(4 + 1, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 
     std::this_thread::sleep_until(startTime + 400ms + kJitter);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[0]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[1]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[2]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[3]);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(taskRan[4]);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(taskRan[5]);
+
+    expected[3] = true;
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, taskRan);
 
     // 0 tasks pending
     ASSERT_EQ(0, countChars(thread.pendingToString(), REQUEST_START));
@@ -171,6 +185,30 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(5 + 1, countChars(thread.retiredToString(), REQUEST_START));
 }
 
+}; // class TimerThreadTest
+
+TEST_P(TimerThreadTest, Basic) {
+    testBasic();
+}
+
+TEST_P(TimerThreadTest, Cancel) {
+    testCancel();
+}
+
+TEST_P(TimerThreadTest, CancelAfterRun) {
+    testCancelAfterRun();
+}
+
+TEST_P(TimerThreadTest, MultipleTasks) {
+    testMultipleTasks();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        TimerThread,
+        TimerThreadTest,
+        ::testing::Values(0.f, 0.5f, 1.f)
+        );
+
 TEST(TimerThread, TrackedTasks) {
     TimerThread thread;
 
@@ -178,6 +216,10 @@
     auto handle1 = thread.trackTask("1");
     auto handle2 = thread.trackTask("2");
 
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isNoTimeoutHandle(handle0));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isNoTimeoutHandle(handle1));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isNoTimeoutHandle(handle2));
+
     // 3 tasks pending
     ASSERT_EQ(3, countChars(thread.pendingToString(), REQUEST_START));
     // 0 tasks retired
@@ -201,6 +243,7 @@
 
     // Add another tracked task.
     auto handle3 = thread.trackTask("3");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(TimerThread::isNoTimeoutHandle(handle3));
 
     // 2 tasks pending
     ASSERT_EQ(2, countChars(thread.pendingToString(), REQUEST_START));
diff --git a/media/utils/TimerThread.cpp b/media/utils/TimerThread.cpp
index 6de6b13..5e58a3d 100644
--- a/media/utils/TimerThread.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/TimerThread.cpp
@@ -23,30 +23,35 @@
 
 #include <mediautils/MediaUtilsDelayed.h>
 #include <mediautils/TimerThread.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/ThreadDefs.h>
 
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
 namespace android::mediautils {
 
 extern std::string formatTime(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point t);
 extern std::string_view timeSuffix(std::string_view time1, std::string_view time2);
 
 TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::scheduleTask(
-        std::string tag, std::function<void()>&& func, std::chrono::milliseconds timeout) {
+        std::string_view tag, TimerCallback&& func,
+        Duration timeoutDuration, Duration secondChanceDuration) {
     const auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    std::shared_ptr<const Request> request{
-            new Request{ now, now + timeout, gettid(), std::move(tag) }};
-    return mMonitorThread.add(std::move(request), std::move(func), timeout);
+    auto request = std::make_shared<const Request>(now, now +
+            std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::system_clock::duration>(timeoutDuration),
+            secondChanceDuration, gettid(), tag);
+    return mMonitorThread.add(std::move(request), std::move(func), timeoutDuration);
 }
 
-TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::trackTask(std::string tag) {
+TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::trackTask(std::string_view tag) {
     const auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    std::shared_ptr<const Request> request{
-            new Request{ now, now, gettid(), std::move(tag) }};
+    auto request = std::make_shared<const Request>(now, now,
+            Duration{} /* secondChanceDuration */, gettid(), tag);
     return mNoTimeoutMap.add(std::move(request));
 }
 
 bool TimerThread::cancelTask(Handle handle) {
-    std::shared_ptr<const Request> request = mNoTimeoutMap.isValidHandle(handle) ?
+    std::shared_ptr<const Request> request = isNoTimeoutHandle(handle) ?
              mNoTimeoutMap.remove(handle) : mMonitorThread.remove(handle);
     if (!request) return false;
     mRetiredQueue.add(std::move(request));
@@ -84,6 +89,8 @@
 
     return std::string("now ")
             .append(formatTime(std::chrono::system_clock::now()))
+            .append("\nsecondChanceCount ")
+            .append(std::to_string(mMonitorThread.getSecondChanceCount()))
             .append(analysisSummary)
             .append("\ntimeout [ ")
             .append(requestsToString(timeoutRequests))
@@ -106,10 +113,10 @@
 //
 /* static */
 bool TimerThread::isRequestFromHal(const std::shared_ptr<const Request>& request) {
-    const size_t hidlPos = request->tag.find("Hidl");
+    const size_t hidlPos = request->tag.asStringView().find("Hidl");
     if (hidlPos == std::string::npos) return false;
     // should be a separator afterwards Hidl which indicates the string was in the class.
-    const size_t separatorPos = request->tag.find("::", hidlPos);
+    const size_t separatorPos = request->tag.asStringView().find("::", hidlPos);
     return separatorPos != std::string::npos;
 }
 
@@ -127,12 +134,12 @@
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const Request>> pendingExact;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const Request>> pendingPossible;
 
-    // We look at pending requests that were scheduled no later than kDuration
+    // We look at pending requests that were scheduled no later than kPendingDuration
     // after the timeout request. This prevents false matches with calls
     // that naturally block for a short period of time
     // such as HAL write() and read().
     //
-    auto constexpr kDuration = std::chrono::milliseconds(1000);
+    constexpr Duration kPendingDuration = 1000ms;
     for (const auto& pending : pendingRequests) {
         // If the pending tid is the same as timeout tid, problem identified.
         if (pending->tid == timeout->tid) {
@@ -141,7 +148,7 @@
         }
 
         // if the pending tid is scheduled within time limit
-        if (pending->scheduled - timeout->scheduled < kDuration) {
+        if (pending->scheduled - timeout->scheduled < kPendingDuration) {
             pendingPossible.emplace_back(pending);
         }
     }
@@ -241,15 +248,11 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool TimerThread::NoTimeoutMap::isValidHandle(Handle handle) const {
-    return handle > getIndexedHandle(mNoTimeoutRequests);
-}
-
 TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::NoTimeoutMap::add(std::shared_ptr<const Request> request) {
     std::lock_guard lg(mNTMutex);
     // A unique handle is obtained by mNoTimeoutRequests.fetch_add(1),
     // This need not be under a lock, but we do so anyhow.
-    const Handle handle = getIndexedHandle(mNoTimeoutRequests++);
+    const Handle handle = getUniqueHandle_l();
     mMap[handle] = request;
     return handle;
 }
@@ -271,16 +274,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::MonitorThread::getUniqueHandle_l(
-        std::chrono::milliseconds timeout) {
-    // To avoid key collisions, advance by 1 tick until the key is unique.
-    auto deadline = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + timeout;
-    for (; mMonitorRequests.find(deadline) != mMonitorRequests.end();
-         deadline += std::chrono::steady_clock::duration(1))
-        ;
-    return deadline;
-}
-
 TimerThread::MonitorThread::MonitorThread(RequestQueue& timeoutQueue)
         : mTimeoutQueue(timeoutQueue)
         , mThread([this] { threadFunc(); }) {
@@ -300,24 +293,78 @@
 void TimerThread::MonitorThread::threadFunc() {
     std::unique_lock _l(mMutex);
     while (!mShouldExit) {
+        Handle nextDeadline = INVALID_HANDLE;
+        Handle now = INVALID_HANDLE;
         if (!mMonitorRequests.empty()) {
-            Handle nextDeadline = mMonitorRequests.begin()->first;
-            if (nextDeadline < std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {
+            nextDeadline = mMonitorRequests.begin()->first;
+            now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+            if (nextDeadline < now) {
+                auto node = mMonitorRequests.extract(mMonitorRequests.begin());
                 // Deadline has expired, handle the request.
+                auto secondChanceDuration = node.mapped().first->secondChanceDuration;
+                if (secondChanceDuration.count() != 0) {
+                    // We now apply the second chance duration to find the clock
+                    // monotonic second deadline.  The unique key is then the
+                    // pair<second_deadline, first_deadline>.
+                    //
+                    // The second chance prevents a false timeout should there be
+                    // any clock monotonic advancement during suspend.
+                    auto newHandle = now + secondChanceDuration;
+                    ALOGD("%s: TimeCheck second chance applied for %s",
+                            __func__, node.mapped().first->tag.c_str()); // should be rare event.
+                    mSecondChanceRequests.emplace_hint(mSecondChanceRequests.end(),
+                            std::make_pair(newHandle, nextDeadline),
+                            std::move(node.mapped()));
+                    // increment second chance counter.
+                    mSecondChanceCount.fetch_add(1 /* arg */, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+                } else {
+                    {
+                        _l.unlock();
+                        // We add Request to retired queue early so that it can be dumped out.
+                        mTimeoutQueue.add(std::move(node.mapped().first));
+                        node.mapped().second(nextDeadline);
+                        // Caution: we don't hold lock when we call TimerCallback,
+                        // but this is the timeout case!  We will crash soon,
+                        // maybe before returning.
+                        // anything left over is released here outside lock.
+                    }
+                    // reacquire the lock - if something was added, we loop immediately to check.
+                    _l.lock();
+                }
+                // always process expiring monitor requests first.
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        // now process any second chance requests.
+        if (!mSecondChanceRequests.empty()) {
+            Handle secondDeadline = mSecondChanceRequests.begin()->first.first;
+            if (now == INVALID_HANDLE) now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+            if (secondDeadline < now) {
+                auto node = mSecondChanceRequests.extract(mSecondChanceRequests.begin());
                 {
-                    auto node = mMonitorRequests.extract(mMonitorRequests.begin());
                     _l.unlock();
                     // We add Request to retired queue early so that it can be dumped out.
                     mTimeoutQueue.add(std::move(node.mapped().first));
-                    node.mapped().second(); // Caution: we don't hold lock here - but do we care?
-                                            // this is the timeout case!  We will crash soon,
-                                            // maybe before returning.
-                    // anything left over is released here outside lock.
+                    const Handle originalHandle = node.key().second;
+                    node.mapped().second(originalHandle);
+                    // Caution: we don't hold lock when we call TimerCallback.
+                    // This is benign issue - we permit concurrent operations
+                    // while in the callback to the MonitorQueue.
+                    //
+                    // Anything left over is released here outside lock.
                 }
                 // reacquire the lock - if something was added, we loop immediately to check.
                 _l.lock();
                 continue;
             }
+            // update the deadline.
+            if (nextDeadline == INVALID_HANDLE) {
+                nextDeadline = secondDeadline;
+            } else {
+                nextDeadline = std::min(nextDeadline, secondDeadline);
+            }
+        }
+        if (nextDeadline != INVALID_HANDLE) {
             mCond.wait_until(_l, nextDeadline);
         } else {
             mCond.wait(_l);
@@ -326,26 +373,39 @@
 }
 
 TimerThread::Handle TimerThread::MonitorThread::add(
-        std::shared_ptr<const Request> request, std::function<void()>&& func,
-        std::chrono::milliseconds timeout) {
+        std::shared_ptr<const Request> request, TimerCallback&& func, Duration timeout) {
     std::lock_guard _l(mMutex);
     const Handle handle = getUniqueHandle_l(timeout);
-    mMonitorRequests.emplace(handle, std::make_pair(std::move(request), std::move(func)));
+    mMonitorRequests.emplace_hint(mMonitorRequests.end(),
+            handle, std::make_pair(std::move(request), std::move(func)));
     mCond.notify_all();
     return handle;
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<const TimerThread::Request> TimerThread::MonitorThread::remove(Handle handle) {
+    std::pair<std::shared_ptr<const Request>, TimerCallback> data;
     std::unique_lock ul(mMutex);
-    const auto it = mMonitorRequests.find(handle);
-    if (it == mMonitorRequests.end()) {
-        return {};
+    if (const auto it = mMonitorRequests.find(handle);
+        it != mMonitorRequests.end()) {
+        data = std::move(it->second);
+        mMonitorRequests.erase(it);
+        ul.unlock();  // manually release lock here so func (data.second)
+                      // is released outside of lock.
+        return data.first;  // request
     }
-    std::shared_ptr<const TimerThread::Request> request = std::move(it->second.first);
-    std::function<void()> func = std::move(it->second.second);
-    mMonitorRequests.erase(it);
-    ul.unlock();  // manually release lock here so func is released outside of lock.
-    return request;
+
+    // this check is O(N), but since the second chance requests are ordered
+    // in terms of earliest expiration time, we would expect better than average results.
+    for (auto it = mSecondChanceRequests.begin(); it != mSecondChanceRequests.end(); ++it) {
+        if (it->first.second == handle) {
+            data = std::move(it->second);
+            mSecondChanceRequests.erase(it);
+            ul.unlock();  // manually release lock here so func (data.second)
+                          // is released outside of lock.
+            return data.first; // request
+        }
+    }
+    return {};
 }
 
 void TimerThread::MonitorThread::copyRequests(
@@ -354,6 +414,13 @@
     for (const auto &[deadline, monitorpair] : mMonitorRequests) {
         requests.emplace_back(monitorpair.first);
     }
+    // we combine the second map with the first map - this is
+    // everything that is pending on the monitor thread.
+    // The second map will be older than the first map so this
+    // is in order.
+    for (const auto &[deadline, monitorpair] : mSecondChanceRequests) {
+        requests.emplace_back(monitorpair.first);
+    }
 }
 
 }  // namespace android::mediautils
diff --git a/media/utils/fuzzers/TimeCheckFuzz.cpp b/media/utils/fuzzers/TimeCheckFuzz.cpp
index 7966469..65b2885 100644
--- a/media/utils/fuzzers/TimeCheckFuzz.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/fuzzers/TimeCheckFuzz.cpp
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@
     std::string name = data_provider.ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxStringLen);
 
     // 3. The constructor, which is fuzzed here:
-    android::mediautils::TimeCheck timeCheck(name.c_str(), {} /* onTimer */, timeoutMs);
+    android::mediautils::TimeCheck timeCheck(name.c_str(), {} /* onTimer */,
+            std::chrono::milliseconds(timeoutMs),
+            {} /* secondChanceDuration */, true /* crashOnTimeout */);
     // We will leave some buffer to avoid sleeping too long
     uint8_t sleep_amount_ms = data_provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint8_t>(0, timeoutMs / 2);
 
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/FixedString.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/FixedString.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..047aa82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/FixedString.h
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace android::mediautils {
+
+/*
+ * FixedString is a stack allocatable string buffer that supports
+ * simple appending of other strings and string_views.
+ *
+ * It is designed for no-malloc operation when std::string
+ * small buffer optimization is insufficient.
+ *
+ * To keep code small, use asStringView() for operations on this.
+ *
+ * Notes:
+ * 1) Appending beyond the internal buffer size results in truncation.
+ *
+ * Alternatives:
+ * 1) If you want a sharable copy-on-write string implementation,
+ *    consider using the legacy android::String8().
+ * 2) Using std::string with a fixed stack allocator may suit your needs,
+ *    but exception avoidance is tricky.
+ * 3) Using C++20 ranges https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/ranges if you don't
+ *    need backing store.  Be careful about allocation with ranges.
+ *
+ * Good small sizes are multiples of 16 minus 2, e.g. 14, 30, 46, 62.
+ *
+ * Implementation Notes:
+ * 1) No iterators or [] for FixedString - please convert to std::string_view.
+ * 2) For small N (e.g. less than 62), consider a change to always zero fill and
+ *    potentially prevent always zero terminating (if one only does append).
+ *
+ * Possible arguments to create/append:
+ * 1) A FixedString.
+ * 2) A single char.
+ * 3) A char * pointer.
+ * 4) A std::string.
+ * 5) A std::string_view (or something convertible to it).
+ *
+ * Example:
+ *
+ * FixedString s1(std::string("a"));    // ctor
+ * s1 << "bc" << 'd' << '\n';           // streaming append
+ * s1 += "hello";                       // += append
+ * ASSERT_EQ(s1, "abcd\nhello");
+ */
+template <uint32_t N>
+struct FixedString
+{
+    // Find the best size type.
+    using strsize_t = std::conditional_t<(N > 255), uint32_t, uint8_t>;
+
+    // constructors
+    FixedString() { // override default
+        buffer_[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    FixedString(const FixedString& other) { // override default.
+        copyFrom<N>(other);
+    }
+
+    // The following constructor is not explicit to allow
+    // FixedString<8> s = "abcd";
+    template <typename ...Types>
+    FixedString(Types&&... args) {
+        append(std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    // copy assign (copyFrom checks for equality and returns *this).
+    FixedString& operator=(const FixedString& other) { // override default.
+        return copyFrom<N>(other);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ...Types>
+    FixedString& operator=(Types&&... args) {
+        size_ = 0;
+        return append(std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    // operator equals
+    bool operator==(const char *s) const {
+        return strncmp(c_str(), s, capacity() + 1) == 0;
+    }
+
+    bool operator==(std::string_view s) const {
+        return size() == s.size() && memcmp(data(), s.data(), size()) == 0;
+    }
+
+    // operator not-equals
+    template <typename T>
+    bool operator!=(const T& other) const {
+        return !operator==(other);
+    }
+
+    // operator +=
+    template <typename ...Types>
+    FixedString& operator+=(Types&&... args) {
+        return append(std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    // conversion to std::string_view.
+    operator std::string_view() const {
+        return asStringView();
+    }
+
+    // basic observers
+    size_t buffer_offset() const { return offsetof(std::decay_t<decltype(*this)>, buffer_); }
+    static constexpr uint32_t capacity() { return N; }
+    uint32_t size() const { return size_; }
+    uint32_t remaining() const { return size_ >= N ? 0 : N - size_; }
+    bool empty() const { return size_ == 0; }
+    bool full() const { return size_ == N; }  // when full, possible truncation risk.
+    char * data() { return buffer_; }
+    const char * data() const { return buffer_; }
+    const char * c_str() const { return buffer_; }
+
+    inline std::string_view asStringView() const {
+        return { buffer_, static_cast<size_t>(size_) };
+    }
+    inline std::string asString() const {
+        return { buffer_, static_cast<size_t>(size_) };
+    }
+
+    void clear() { size_ = 0; buffer_[0] = 0; }
+
+    // Implementation of append - using templates
+    // to guarantee precedence in the presence of ambiguity.
+    //
+    // Consider C++20 template overloading through constraints and concepts.
+    template <typename T>
+    FixedString& append(const T& t) {
+        using decayT = std::decay_t<T>;
+        if constexpr (is_specialization_v<decayT, FixedString>) {
+            // A FixedString<U>
+            if (size_ == 0) {
+                // optimization to erase everything.
+                return copyFrom(t);
+            } else {
+                return appendStringView({t.data(), t.size()});
+            }
+        } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<decayT, char>) {
+            if (size_ < N) {
+                buffer_[size_++] = t;
+                buffer_[size_] = '\0';
+            }
+            return *this;
+        } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<decayT, char *>) {
+            // Some char* ptr.
+            return appendString(t);
+        } else if constexpr (std::is_convertible_v<decayT, std::string_view>) {
+            // std::string_view, std::string, or some other convertible type.
+            return appendStringView(t);
+        } else /* constexpr */ {
+            static_assert(dependent_false_v<T>, "non-matching append type");
+        }
+    }
+
+    FixedString& appendStringView(std::string_view s) {
+        uint32_t total = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(N - size_), s.size());
+        memcpy(buffer_ + size_, s.data(), total);
+        size_ += total;
+        buffer_[size_] = '\0';
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    FixedString& appendString(const char *s) {
+        // strncpy zero pads to the end,
+        // strlcpy returns total expected length,
+        // we don't have strncpy_s in Bionic,
+        // so we write our own here.
+        while (size_ < N && *s != '\0') {
+            buffer_[size_++] = *s++;
+        }
+        buffer_[size_] = '\0';
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Copy initialize the struct.
+    // Note: We are POD but customize the copying for acceleration
+    // of moving small strings embedded in a large buffers.
+    template <uint32_t U>
+    FixedString& copyFrom(const FixedString<U>& other) {
+        if ((void*)this != (void*)&other) { // not a self-assignment
+            if (other.size() == 0) {
+                size_ = 0;
+                buffer_[0] = '\0';
+                return *this;
+            }
+            constexpr size_t kSizeToCopyWhole = 64;
+            if constexpr (N == U &&
+                    sizeof(*this) == sizeof(other) &&
+                    sizeof(*this) <= kSizeToCopyWhole) {
+                // As we have the same str size type, we can just
+                // memcpy with fixed size, which can be easily optimized.
+                memcpy(static_cast<void*>(this), static_cast<const void*>(&other), sizeof(*this));
+                return *this;
+            }
+            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<strsize_t, typename FixedString<U>::strsize_t>) {
+                constexpr size_t kAlign = 8;  // align to a multiple of 8.
+                static_assert((kAlign & (kAlign - 1)) == 0); // power of 2.
+                // we check any alignment issues.
+                if (buffer_offset() == other.buffer_offset() && other.size() <= capacity()) {
+                    // improve on standard POD copying by reducing size.
+                    const size_t mincpy = buffer_offset() + other.size() + 1 /* nul */;
+                    const size_t maxcpy = std::min(sizeof(*this), sizeof(other));
+                    const size_t cpysize = std::min(mincpy + kAlign - 1 & ~(kAlign - 1), maxcpy);
+                    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(this), static_cast<const void*>(&other), cpysize);
+                    return *this;
+                }
+            }
+            size_ = std::min(other.size(), capacity());
+            memcpy(buffer_, other.data(), size_);
+            buffer_[size_] = '\0';  // zero terminate.
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+private:
+    //  Template helper methods
+
+    template <typename Test, template <uint32_t> class Ref>
+    struct is_specialization : std::false_type {};
+
+    template <template <uint32_t> class Ref, uint32_t UU>
+    struct is_specialization<Ref<UU>, Ref>: std::true_type {};
+
+    template <typename Test, template <uint32_t> class Ref>
+    static inline constexpr bool is_specialization_v = is_specialization<Test, Ref>::value;
+
+    // For static assert(false) we need a template version to avoid early failure.
+    template <typename T>
+    static inline constexpr bool dependent_false_v = false;
+
+    // POD variables
+    strsize_t size_ = 0;
+    char buffer_[N + 1 /* allow zero termination */];
+};
+
+// Stream operator syntactic sugar.
+// Example:
+// s << 'b' << "c" << "d" << '\n';
+template <uint32_t N, typename ...Types>
+FixedString<N>& operator<<(FixedString<N>& fs, Types&&... args) {
+    return fs.append(std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+}
+
+// We do not use a default size for fixed string as changing
+// the default size would lead to different behavior - we want the
+// size to be explicitly known.
+
+// FixedString62 of 62 chars fits in one typical cache line.
+using FixedString62 = FixedString<62>;
+
+// Slightly smaller
+using FixedString30 = FixedString<30>;
+
+// Since we have added copy and assignment optimizations,
+// we are no longer trivially assignable and copyable.
+// But we check standard layout here to prevent inclusion of unacceptable members or virtuals.
+static_assert(std::is_standard_layout_v<FixedString62>);
+static_assert(std::is_standard_layout_v<FixedString30>);
+
+}  // namespace android::mediautils
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/MethodStatistics.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/MethodStatistics.h
index 700fbaa..6d7e990 100644
--- a/media/utils/include/mediautils/MethodStatistics.h
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/MethodStatistics.h
@@ -55,15 +55,23 @@
     /**
      * Adds a method event, typically execution time in ms.
      */
-    void event(Code code, FloatType executeMs) {
+    template <typename C>
+    void event(C&& code, FloatType executeMs) {
         std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
-        mStatisticsMap[code].add(executeMs);
+        auto it = mStatisticsMap.lower_bound(code);
+        if (it != mStatisticsMap.end() && it->first == code) {
+            it->second.add(executeMs);
+        } else {
+            // StatsType ctor takes an optional array of data for initialization.
+            FloatType dataArray[1] = { executeMs };
+            mStatisticsMap.emplace_hint(it, std::forward<C>(code), dataArray);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns the name for the method code.
      */
-    std::string getMethodForCode(Code code) const {
+    std::string getMethodForCode(const Code& code) const {
         auto it = mMethodMap.find(code);
         return it == mMethodMap.end() ? std::to_string((int)code) : it->second;
     }
@@ -71,7 +79,7 @@
     /**
      * Returns the number of times the method was invoked by event().
      */
-    size_t getMethodCount(Code code) const {
+    size_t getMethodCount(const Code& code) const {
         std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
         auto it = mStatisticsMap.find(code);
         return it == mStatisticsMap.end() ? 0 : it->second.getN();
@@ -80,7 +88,7 @@
     /**
      * Returns the statistics object for the method.
      */
-    StatsType getStatistics(Code code) const {
+    StatsType getStatistics(const Code& code) const {
         std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
         auto it = mStatisticsMap.find(code);
         return it == mStatisticsMap.end() ? StatsType{} : it->second;
@@ -107,9 +115,10 @@
     }
 
 private:
-    const std::map<Code, std::string> mMethodMap;
+    // Note: we use a transparent comparator std::less<> for heterogeneous key lookup.
+    const std::map<Code, std::string, std::less<>> mMethodMap;
     mutable std::mutex mLock;
-    std::map<Code, StatsType> mStatisticsMap GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    std::map<Code, StatsType, std::less<>> mStatisticsMap GUARDED_BY(mLock);
 };
 
 // Managed Statistics support.
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h
index 546cec5..af1fcd2 100644
--- a/media/utils/include/mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 class IBinder;
 // Request elevated priority for thread tid, whose thread group leader must be pid.
-// The priority parameter is currently restricted to either 1 or 2.
+// The priority parameter is currently restricted from 1 to 3.
 // The asynchronous parameter should be 'true' to return immediately,
 // after the request is enqueued but not necessarily executed.
 // The default value 'false' means to return after request has been enqueued and executed.
@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@
 // 'client' is ignored in this case.
 int requestCpusetBoost(bool enable, const sp<IBinder> &client);
 
+// Audio: Request Spatializer RT priority for thread tid, whose thread group leader must be pid.
+// returns positive value if successful, the RT priority used
+//         zero, if no RT priority selected
+//         negative status code if RT priority unable to be set.
+int requestSpatializerPriority(pid_t pid, pid_t tid);
+
 }   // namespace android
 
 #endif  // _ANDROID_SCHEDULING_POLICY_SERVICE_H
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimeCheck.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimeCheck.h
index ef03aef..bdb5337 100644
--- a/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimeCheck.h
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimeCheck.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <chrono>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <mediautils/TimerThread.h>
@@ -27,10 +28,33 @@
 
 class TimeCheck {
   public:
+
+    // Duration for TimeCheck is based on steady_clock, typically nanoseconds.
+    using Duration = std::chrono::steady_clock::duration;
+
+    // Duration for printing is in milliseconds, using float for additional precision.
+    using FloatMs = std::chrono::duration<float, std::milli>;
+
+    // OnTimerFunc is the callback function with 2 parameters.
+    //  bool timeout  (which is true when the TimeCheck object
+    //                 times out, false when the TimeCheck object is
+    //                 destroyed or leaves scope before the timer expires.)
+    //  float elapsedMs (the elapsed time to this event).
     using OnTimerFunc = std::function<void(bool /* timeout */, float /* elapsedMs */ )>;
 
     // The default timeout is chosen to be less than system server watchdog timeout
-    static constexpr uint32_t kDefaultTimeOutMs = 5000;
+    // Note: kDefaultTimeOutMs should be no less than 2 seconds, otherwise spurious timeouts
+    // may occur with system suspend.
+    static constexpr TimeCheck::Duration kDefaultTimeoutDuration = std::chrono::milliseconds(3000);
+
+    // Due to suspend abort not incrementing the monotonic clock,
+    // we allow another second chance timeout after the first timeout expires.
+    //
+    // The total timeout is therefore kDefaultTimeoutDuration + kDefaultSecondChanceDuration,
+    // and the result is more stable when the monotonic clock increments during suspend.
+    //
+    static constexpr TimeCheck::Duration kDefaultSecondChanceDuration =
+            std::chrono::milliseconds(2000);
 
     /**
      * TimeCheck is a RAII object which will notify a callback
@@ -44,24 +68,24 @@
      * the deallocation.
      *
      * \param tag       string associated with the TimeCheck object.
-     * \param onTimer   callback function with 2 parameters
-     *                      bool timeout  (which is true when the TimeCheck object
-     *                                    times out, false when the TimeCheck object is
-     *                                    destroyed or leaves scope before the timer expires.)
-     *                      float elapsedMs (the elapsed time to this event).
+     * \param onTimer   callback function with 2 parameters (described above in OnTimerFunc).
      *                  The callback when timeout is true will be called on a different thread.
      *                  This will cancel the callback on the destructor but is not guaranteed
      *                  to block for callback completion if it is already in progress
      *                  (for maximum concurrency and reduced deadlock potential), so use proper
      *                  lifetime analysis (e.g. shared or weak pointers).
-     * \param timeoutMs timeout in milliseconds.
+     * \param requestedTimeoutDuration timeout in milliseconds.
      *                  A zero timeout means no timeout is set -
      *                  the callback is called only when
      *                  the TimeCheck object is destroyed or leaves scope.
+     * \param secondChanceDuration additional milliseconds to wait if the first timeout expires.
+     *                  This is used to prevent false timeouts if the steady (monotonic)
+     *                  clock advances on aborted suspend.
      * \param crashOnTimeout true if the object issues an abort on timeout.
      */
-    explicit TimeCheck(std::string tag, OnTimerFunc&& onTimer = {},
-            uint32_t timeoutMs = kDefaultTimeOutMs, bool crashOnTimeout = true);
+    explicit TimeCheck(std::string_view tag, OnTimerFunc&& onTimer,
+            Duration requestedTimeoutDuration, Duration secondChanceDuration,
+            bool crashOnTimeout);
 
     TimeCheck() = default;
     // Remove copy constructors as there should only be one call to the destructor.
@@ -79,16 +103,36 @@
     // The usage here is const safe.
     class TimeCheckHandler {
     public:
-        const std::string tag;
+        template <typename S, typename F>
+        TimeCheckHandler(S&& _tag, F&& _onTimer, bool _crashOnTimeout,
+            Duration _timeoutDuration, Duration _secondChanceDuration,
+            std::chrono::system_clock::time_point _startSystemTime,
+            pid_t _tid)
+            : tag(std::forward<S>(_tag))
+            , onTimer(std::forward<F>(_onTimer))
+            , crashOnTimeout(_crashOnTimeout)
+            , timeoutDuration(_timeoutDuration)
+            , secondChanceDuration(_secondChanceDuration)
+            , startSystemTime(_startSystemTime)
+            , tid(_tid)
+            {}
+        const FixedString62 tag;
         const OnTimerFunc onTimer;
         const bool crashOnTimeout;
-        const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point startTime;
+        const Duration timeoutDuration;
+        const Duration secondChanceDuration;
+        const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point startSystemTime;
         const pid_t tid;
 
         void onCancel(TimerThread::Handle handle) const;
-        void onTimeout() const;
+        void onTimeout(TimerThread::Handle handle) const;
     };
 
+    // Returns a string that represents the timeout vs elapsed time,
+    // and diagnostics if there are any potential issues.
+    static std::string analyzeTimeouts(
+            float timeoutMs, float elapsedSteadyMs, float elapsedSystemMs);
+
     static TimerThread& getTimeCheckThread();
     static void accessAudioHalPids(std::vector<pid_t>* pids, bool update);
 
diff --git a/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimerThread.h b/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimerThread.h
index ffee602..c76fa7d 100644
--- a/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimerThread.h
+++ b/media/utils/include/mediautils/TimerThread.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 
+#include <mediautils/FixedString.h>
+
 namespace android::mediautils {
 
 /**
@@ -34,19 +36,93 @@
  */
 class TimerThread {
   public:
-    // A Handle is a time_point that serves as a unique key.  It is ordered.
+    // A Handle is a time_point that serves as a unique key to access a queued
+    // request to the TimerThread.
     using Handle = std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point;
 
+    // Duration is based on steady_clock (typically nanoseconds)
+    // vs the system_clock duration (typically microseconds).
+    using Duration = std::chrono::steady_clock::duration;
+
     static inline constexpr Handle INVALID_HANDLE =
             std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min();
 
+    // Handle implementation details:
+    // A Handle represents the timer expiration time based on std::chrono::steady_clock
+    // (clock monotonic).  This Handle is computed as now() + timeout.
+    //
+    // The lsb of the Handle time_point is adjusted to indicate whether there is
+    // a timeout action (1) or not (0).
+    //
+
+    template <size_t COUNT>
+    static constexpr bool is_power_of_2_v = COUNT > 0 && (COUNT & (COUNT - 1)) == 0;
+
+    template <size_t COUNT>
+    static constexpr size_t mask_from_count_v = COUNT - 1;
+
+    static constexpr size_t HANDLE_TYPES = 2;
+    // HANDLE_TYPES must be a power of 2.
+    static_assert(is_power_of_2_v<HANDLE_TYPES>);
+
+    // The handle types
+    enum class HANDLE_TYPE : size_t {
+        NO_TIMEOUT = 0,
+        TIMEOUT = 1,
+    };
+
+    static constexpr size_t HANDLE_TYPE_MASK = mask_from_count_v<HANDLE_TYPES>;
+
+    template <typename T>
+    static constexpr auto enum_as_value(T x) {
+        return static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<T>>(x);
+    }
+
+    static inline bool isNoTimeoutHandle(Handle handle) {
+        return (handle.time_since_epoch().count() & HANDLE_TYPE_MASK) ==
+                enum_as_value(HANDLE_TYPE::NO_TIMEOUT);
+    }
+
+    static inline bool isTimeoutHandle(Handle handle) {
+        return (handle.time_since_epoch().count() & HANDLE_TYPE_MASK) ==
+                enum_as_value(HANDLE_TYPE::TIMEOUT);
+    }
+
+    // Returns a unique Handle that doesn't exist in the container.
+    template <size_t MAX_TYPED_HANDLES, size_t HANDLE_TYPE_AS_VALUE, typename C, typename T>
+    static Handle getUniqueHandleForHandleType_l(C container, T timeout) {
+        static_assert(MAX_TYPED_HANDLES > 0 && HANDLE_TYPE_AS_VALUE < MAX_TYPED_HANDLES
+                && is_power_of_2_v<MAX_TYPED_HANDLES>,
+                " handles must be power of two");
+
+        // Our initial handle is the deadline as computed from steady_clock.
+        auto deadline = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + timeout;
+
+        // We adjust the lsbs by the minimum increment to have the correct
+        // HANDLE_TYPE in the least significant bits.
+        auto remainder = deadline.time_since_epoch().count() & HANDLE_TYPE_MASK;
+        size_t offset = HANDLE_TYPE_AS_VALUE > remainder ? HANDLE_TYPE_AS_VALUE - remainder :
+                     MAX_TYPED_HANDLES + HANDLE_TYPE_AS_VALUE - remainder;
+        deadline += std::chrono::steady_clock::duration(offset);
+
+        // To avoid key collisions, advance the handle by MAX_TYPED_HANDLES (the modulus factor)
+        // until the key is unique.
+        while (container.find(deadline) != container.end()) {
+            deadline += std::chrono::steady_clock::duration(MAX_TYPED_HANDLES);
+        }
+        return deadline;
+    }
+
+    // TimerCallback invoked on timeout or cancel.
+    using TimerCallback = std::function<void(Handle)>;
+
     /**
      * Schedules a task to be executed in the future (`timeout` duration from now).
      *
      * \param tag     string associated with the task.  This need not be unique,
      *                as the Handle returned is used for cancelling.
      * \param func    callback function that is invoked at the timeout.
-     * \param timeout timeout duration which is converted to milliseconds with at
+     * \param timeoutDuration timeout duration which is converted to milliseconds with at
      *                least 45 integer bits.
      *                A timeout of 0 (or negative) means the timer never expires
      *                so func() is never called. These tasks are stored internally
@@ -54,7 +130,8 @@
      * \returns       a handle that can be used for cancellation.
      */
     Handle scheduleTask(
-            std::string tag, std::function<void()>&& func, std::chrono::milliseconds timeout);
+            std::string_view tag, TimerCallback&& func,
+            Duration timeoutDuration, Duration secondChanceDuration);
 
     /**
      * Tracks a task that shows up on toString() until cancelled.
@@ -62,7 +139,7 @@
      * \param tag     string associated with the task.
      * \returns       a handle that can be used for cancellation.
      */
-    Handle trackTask(std::string tag);
+    Handle trackTask(std::string_view tag);
 
     /**
      * Cancels a task previously scheduled with scheduleTask()
@@ -128,14 +205,30 @@
   private:
     // To minimize movement of data, we pass around shared_ptrs to Requests.
     // These are allocated and deallocated outside of the lock.
+    // TODO(b/243839867) consider options to merge Request with the
+    // TimeCheck::TimeCheckHandler struct.
     struct Request {
+        Request(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point _scheduled,
+                std::chrono::system_clock::time_point _deadline,
+                Duration _secondChanceDuration,
+                pid_t _tid,
+                std::string_view _tag)
+            : scheduled(_scheduled)
+            , deadline(_deadline)
+            , secondChanceDuration(_secondChanceDuration)
+            , tid(_tid)
+            , tag(_tag)
+            {}
+
         const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point scheduled;
-        const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point deadline; // deadline := scheduled + timeout
+        const std::chrono::system_clock::time_point deadline; // deadline := scheduled
+                                                              // + timeoutDuration
+                                                              // + secondChanceDuration
                                                               // if deadline == scheduled, no
                                                               // timeout, task not executed.
+        Duration secondChanceDuration;
         const pid_t tid;
-        const std::string tag;
-
+        const FixedString62 tag;
         std::string toString() const;
     };
 
@@ -160,15 +253,17 @@
                 mRequestQueue GUARDED_BY(mRQMutex);
     };
 
-    // A storage map of tasks without timeouts.  There is no std::function<void()>
+    // A storage map of tasks without timeouts.  There is no TimerCallback
     // required, it just tracks the tasks with the tag, scheduled time and the tid.
     // These tasks show up on a pendingToString() until manually cancelled.
     class NoTimeoutMap {
-        // This a counter of the requests that have no timeout (timeout == 0).
-        std::atomic<size_t> mNoTimeoutRequests{};
-
         mutable std::mutex mNTMutex;
         std::map<Handle, std::shared_ptr<const Request>> mMap GUARDED_BY(mNTMutex);
+        Handle getUniqueHandle_l() REQUIRES(mNTMutex) {
+            return getUniqueHandleForHandleType_l<
+                    HANDLE_TYPES, enum_as_value(HANDLE_TYPE::NO_TIMEOUT)>(
+                mMap, Duration{} /* timeout */);
+        }
 
       public:
         bool isValidHandle(Handle handle) const; // lock free
@@ -182,14 +277,26 @@
     // call on timeout.
     // This class is thread-safe.
     class MonitorThread {
+        std::atomic<size_t> mSecondChanceCount{};
         mutable std::mutex mMutex;
-        mutable std::condition_variable mCond;
+        mutable std::condition_variable mCond GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
         // Ordered map of requests based on time of deadline.
         //
-        std::map<Handle, std::pair<std::shared_ptr<const Request>, std::function<void()>>>
+        std::map<Handle, std::pair<std::shared_ptr<const Request>, TimerCallback>>
                 mMonitorRequests GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
+        // Due to monotonic/steady clock inaccuracies during suspend,
+        // we allow an additional second chance waiting time to prevent
+        // false removal.
+
+        // This mSecondChanceRequests queue is almost always empty.
+        // Using a pair with the original handle allows lookup and keeps
+        // the Key unique.
+        std::map<std::pair<Handle /* new */, Handle /* original */>,
+                std::pair<std::shared_ptr<const Request>, TimerCallback>>
+                        mSecondChanceRequests GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+
         RequestQueue& mTimeoutQueue; // locked internally, added to when request times out.
 
         // Worker thread variables
@@ -200,16 +307,23 @@
         std::thread mThread;
 
         void threadFunc();
-        Handle getUniqueHandle_l(std::chrono::milliseconds timeout) REQUIRES(mMutex);
+        Handle getUniqueHandle_l(Duration timeout) REQUIRES(mMutex) {
+            return getUniqueHandleForHandleType_l<
+                    HANDLE_TYPES, enum_as_value(HANDLE_TYPE::TIMEOUT)>(
+                mMonitorRequests, timeout);
+        }
 
       public:
         MonitorThread(RequestQueue &timeoutQueue);
         ~MonitorThread();
 
-        Handle add(std::shared_ptr<const Request> request, std::function<void()>&& func,
-                std::chrono::milliseconds timeout);
+        Handle add(std::shared_ptr<const Request> request, TimerCallback&& func,
+                Duration timeout);
         std::shared_ptr<const Request> remove(Handle handle);
         void copyRequests(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const Request>>& requests) const;
+        size_t getSecondChanceCount() const {
+            return mSecondChanceCount.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        }
     };
 
     // Analysis contains info deduced by analysisTimeout().
@@ -244,16 +358,6 @@
 
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const Request>> getPendingRequests() const;
 
-    // A no-timeout request is represented by a handles at the end of steady_clock time,
-    // counting down by the number of no timeout requests previously requested.
-    // We manage them on the NoTimeoutMap, but conceptually they could be scheduled
-    // on the MonitorThread because those time handles won't expire in
-    // the lifetime of the device.
-    static inline Handle getIndexedHandle(size_t index) {
-        return std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>::max() -
-                    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>::duration(index);
-    }
-
     static constexpr size_t kRetiredQueueMax = 16;
     RequestQueue mRetiredQueue{kRetiredQueueMax};  // locked internally
 
diff --git a/media/utils/tests/Android.bp b/media/utils/tests/Android.bp
index 1024018..232cc4e 100644
--- a/media/utils/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/media/utils/tests/Android.bp
@@ -124,6 +124,27 @@
 }
 
 cc_test {
+    name: "mediautils_fixedstring_tests",
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libaudioutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libmediautils",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+
+    srcs: [
+        "mediautils_fixedstring_tests.cpp",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
     name: "mediautils_scopedstatistics_tests",
 
     cflags: [
diff --git a/media/utils/tests/mediautils_fixedstring_tests.cpp b/media/utils/tests/mediautils_fixedstring_tests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ab9a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/utils/tests/mediautils_fixedstring_tests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "mediautils_fixedstring_tests"
+
+#include <mediautils/FixedString.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+using namespace android::mediautils;
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, ctor) {
+    FixedString<8> s0("abcde");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(s0.empty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(8U, s0.capacity());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(5U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(3U, s0.remaining());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), "abcde"));
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.data(), "abcde"));
+
+    // overflow
+    FixedString<8> s1("abcdefghijk");
+    ASSERT_EQ(8U, s1.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(s1.full());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, s1.remaining());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s1.c_str(), "abcdefgh"));
+
+    // overflow
+    FixedString<8> s2(std::string("abcdefghijk"));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(s2.full());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(8U, s2.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s2.c_str(), "abcdefgh"));
+
+    // complex
+    ASSERT_EQ(s1, s2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(FixedString<12>().append(s1), s2);
+    ASSERT_NE(s1, "bcd");
+
+    // string and stringview
+    ASSERT_EQ(s1.asString(), s1.asStringView());
+
+    FixedString30 s3;
+    s3 = std::string("abcd");
+    ASSERT_EQ(s3, "abcd");
+
+    s3.clear();
+    ASSERT_EQ(s3, "");
+    ASSERT_NE(s3, "abcd");
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, s3.size());
+}
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, append) {
+    FixedString<8> s0;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), ""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(s0.empty());
+    ASSERT_FALSE(s0.full());
+
+    s0.append("abc");
+    ASSERT_EQ(3U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), "abc"));
+
+    s0.append(std::string("d"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(4U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), "abcd"));
+
+    // overflow
+    s0.append("efghijk");
+    ASSERT_EQ(8U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), "abcdefgh"));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(s0.full());
+
+    // concatenated
+    ASSERT_EQ(FixedString62("abcd"),
+            FixedString<8>("ab").append("c").append(FixedString<8>("d")));
+    ASSERT_EQ(FixedString<12>("a").append(FixedString<12>("b")), "ab");
+}
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, plus_equals) {
+    FixedString<8> s0;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, s0.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s0.c_str(), ""));
+
+    s0 += "abc";
+    s0 += "def";
+    ASSERT_EQ(s0, "abcdef");
+}
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, stream_operator) {
+    FixedString<8> s0('a');
+
+    s0 << 'b' << "c" << "d" << '\n';
+    ASSERT_EQ(s0, "abcd\n");
+}
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, examples) {
+    FixedString30 s1(std::string("a"));
+    s1 << "bc" << 'd' << '\n';
+    s1 += "hello";
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(s1, "abcd\nhello");
+
+    FixedString30 s2;
+    for (const auto &c : s1.asStringView()) {
+        s2.append(c);
+    };
+    ASSERT_EQ(s1, s2);
+
+    FixedString30 s3(std::move(s1));
+}
+
+// Ensure type alias works fine as well.
+using FixedString1024 = FixedString<1024>;
+
+TEST(mediautils_fixedstring_tests, copy) {
+    FixedString1024 s0("abc");
+    FixedString62 s1(s0);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(3U, s1.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s1.c_str(), "abc"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(s0, s1);
+
+    FixedString<1024> s2(s1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3U, s2.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, strcmp(s2.c_str(), "abc"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(s2, "abc");
+    ASSERT_NE(s2, "def");
+    ASSERT_EQ(s2, std::string("abc"));
+    ASSERT_NE(s2, std::string("def"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(s1, s2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(s0, s2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(s2, FixedString62(FixedString1024("abc")));
+}
diff --git a/media/utils/tests/timecheck_tests.cpp b/media/utils/tests/timecheck_tests.cpp
index 6ebf44d..8236174 100644
--- a/media/utils/tests/timecheck_tests.cpp
+++ b/media/utils/tests/timecheck_tests.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
             timeoutRegistered = timeout;
             elapsedMsRegistered = elapsedMs;
             event = true;
-        }, 1000 /* msec */, false /* crash */);
+        }, 1000ms /* timeoutDuration */, {} /* secondChanceDuration */, false /* crash */);
     }
     ASSERT_TRUE(event);
     ASSERT_FALSE(timeoutRegistered);
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
             timeoutRegistered = timeout;
             elapsedMsRegistered = elapsedMs;
             event = true; // store-release, must be last.
-        }, 1 /* msec */, false /* crash */);
+        }, 1ms /* timeoutDuration */, {} /* secondChanceDuration */, false /* crash */);
         std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
     }
     ASSERT_TRUE(event); // load-acquire, must be first.
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@
 // Note: We do not test TimeCheck crash because TimeCheck is multithreaded and the
 // EXPECT_EXIT() signal catching is imperfect due to the gtest fork.
 
-} // namespace
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
index 23a3a36..d2363d8 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -226,6 +226,9 @@
 BINDER_METHOD_ENTRY(getAAudioMixerBurstCount) \
 BINDER_METHOD_ENTRY(getAAudioHardwareBurstMinUsec) \
 BINDER_METHOD_ENTRY(setDeviceConnectedState) \
+BINDER_METHOD_ENTRY(setRequestedLatencyMode) \
+BINDER_METHOD_ENTRY(getSupportedLatencyModes) \
+
 
 // singleton for Binder Method Statistics for IAudioFlinger
 static auto& getIAudioFlingerStatistics() {
@@ -1611,6 +1614,32 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+status_t AudioFlinger::setRequestedLatencyMode(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+    if (output == AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    AutoMutex lock(mLock);
+    PlaybackThread *thread = checkPlaybackThread_l(output);
+    if (thread == nullptr) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    return thread->setRequestedLatencyMode(mode);
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::getSupportedLatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+            std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) {
+    if (output == AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    AutoMutex lock(mLock);
+    PlaybackThread *thread = checkPlaybackThread_l(output);
+    if (thread == nullptr) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    return thread->getSupportedLatencyModes(modes);
+}
+
 status_t AudioFlinger::setStreamMute(audio_stream_type_t stream, bool muted)
 {
     // check calling permissions
@@ -2110,6 +2139,21 @@
     }
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& modes) {
+    int32_t outputAidl = VALUE_OR_FATAL(legacy2aidl_audio_io_handle_t_int32_t(output));
+    std::vector<media::LatencyMode> modesAidl = VALUE_OR_FATAL(
+                convertContainer<std::vector<media::LatencyMode>>(modes,
+                        legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode));
+
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mClientLock);
+    size_t size = mNotificationClients.size();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        mNotificationClients.valueAt(i)->audioFlingerClient()
+                ->onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(outputAidl, modesAidl);
+    }
+}
+
 // removeClient_l() must be called with AudioFlinger::mClientLock held
 void AudioFlinger::removeClient_l(pid_t pid)
 {
@@ -3689,6 +3733,12 @@
 
         using namespace std::chrono_literals;
         auto inChannelMask = audio_channel_mask_out_to_in(track->channelMask());
+        if (inChannelMask == AUDIO_CHANNEL_INVALID) {
+            // The downstream PatchTrack has the proper output channel mask,
+            // so if there is no input channel mask equivalent, we can just
+            // use an index mask here to create the PatchRecord.
+            inChannelMask = audio_channel_mask_out_to_in_index_mask(track->channelMask());
+        }
         sp patchRecord = new RecordThread::PatchRecord(nullptr /* thread */,
                                                        track->sampleRate(),
                                                        inChannelMask,
@@ -4506,6 +4556,8 @@
         case TransactionCode::SET_RECORD_SILENCED:
         case TransactionCode::AUDIO_POLICY_READY:
         case TransactionCode::SET_DEVICE_CONNECTED_STATE:
+        case TransactionCode::SET_REQUESTED_LATENCY_MODE:
+        case TransactionCode::GET_SUPPORTED_LATENCY_MODES:
             ALOGW("%s: transaction %d received from PID %d",
                   __func__, code, IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid());
             // return status only for non void methods
@@ -4586,7 +4638,9 @@
         } else {
             getIAudioFlingerStatistics().event(code, elapsedMs);
         }
-    });
+    }, mediautils::TimeCheck::kDefaultTimeoutDuration,
+    mediautils::TimeCheck::kDefaultSecondChanceDuration,
+    true /* crashOnTimeout */);
 
     // Make sure we connect to Audio Policy Service before calling into AudioFlinger:
     //  - AudioFlinger can call into Audio Policy Service with its global mutex held
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
index 8e4383c..fc4c807 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
@@ -293,6 +293,12 @@
 
     virtual status_t setDeviceConnectedState(const struct audio_port_v7 *port, bool connected);
 
+    virtual status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, audio_latency_mode_t mode);
+
+    virtual status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+            std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes);
+
     status_t onTransactWrapper(TransactionCode code, const Parcel& data, uint32_t flags,
         const std::function<status_t()>& delegate) override;
 
@@ -764,6 +770,8 @@
               void ioConfigChanged(audio_io_config_event_t event,
                                    const sp<AudioIoDescriptor>& ioDesc,
                                    pid_t pid = 0);
+              void onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+                    audio_io_handle_t output, const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& modes);
 
               // Allocate an audio_unique_id_t.
               // Specific types are audio_io_handle_t, audio_session_t, effect ID (int),
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
index e6d7cf7..9ebff0b 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
@@ -1730,6 +1730,7 @@
     mNotifyFramesProcessed(notifyFramesProcessed)
 {
     ALOGV("constructor %p client %p", this, client.get());
+    setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
 
     if (client == 0) {
         return;
@@ -1790,7 +1791,7 @@
         } else {
             getIEffectStatistics().event(code, elapsedMs);
         }
-    }, 0 /* timeoutMs */);
+    }, {} /* timeoutDuration */, {} /* secondChanceDuration */, false /* crashOnTimeout */);
     return BnEffect::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
 }
 
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
index 45dd258..b54b41f 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
@@ -313,12 +313,19 @@
                         patch->sources[0].config_mask & AUDIO_PORT_CONFIG_FLAGS ?
                         patch->sources[0].flags.input : AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE;
                 audio_io_handle_t input = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
+                audio_source_t source = AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC;
+                // For telephony patches, propagate voice communication use case to record side
+                if (patch->num_sources == 2
+                        && patch->sources[1].ext.mix.usecase.stream
+                                == AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL) {
+                    source = AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+                }
                 sp<ThreadBase> thread = mAudioFlinger.openInput_l(srcModule,
                                                                     &input,
                                                                     &config,
                                                                     device,
                                                                     address,
-                                                                    AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC,
+                                                                    source,
                                                                     flags,
                                                                     outputDevice,
                                                                     outputDeviceAddress);
@@ -516,9 +523,14 @@
     audio_output_flags_t outputFlags = mAudioPatch.sinks[0].config_mask & AUDIO_PORT_CONFIG_FLAGS ?
             mAudioPatch.sinks[0].flags.output : AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE;
     audio_stream_type_t streamType = AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH;
+    audio_source_t source = AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT;
     if (mAudioPatch.num_sources == 2 && mAudioPatch.sources[1].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_MIX) {
         // "reuse one existing output mix" case
         streamType = mAudioPatch.sources[1].ext.mix.usecase.stream;
+        // For telephony patches, propagate voice communication use case to record side
+        if (streamType == AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL) {
+            source = AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+        }
     }
     if (mPlayback.thread()->hasFastMixer()) {
         // Create a fast track if the playback thread has fast mixer to get better performance.
@@ -546,7 +558,8 @@
                                                  inChannelMask,
                                                  format,
                                                  frameCount,
-                                                 inputFlags);
+                                                 inputFlags,
+                                                 source);
     } else {
         // use a pseudo LCM between input and output framecount
         int playbackShift = __builtin_ctz(playbackFrameCount);
@@ -566,7 +579,9 @@
                                                  frameCount,
                                                  nullptr,
                                                  (size_t)0 /* bufferSize */,
-                                                 inputFlags);
+                                                 inputFlags,
+                                                 {} /* timeout */,
+                                                 source);
     }
     status = mRecord.checkTrack(tempRecordTrack.get());
     if (status != NO_ERROR) {
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h b/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
index e8552c4..daec57e 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
@@ -87,6 +87,10 @@
                                     && (flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC) == 0;
                         }
 
+            using SinkMetadatas = std::vector<record_track_metadata_v7_t>;
+            using MetadataInserter = std::back_insert_iterator<SinkMetadatas>;
+            virtual void    copyMetadataTo(MetadataInserter& backInserter) const;
+
 private:
     friend class AudioFlinger;  // for mState
 
@@ -134,7 +138,8 @@
                 void *buffer,
                 size_t bufferSize,
                 audio_input_flags_t flags,
-                const Timeout& timeout = {});
+                const Timeout& timeout = {},
+                audio_source_t source = AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT);
     virtual             ~PatchRecord();
 
     virtual Source* getSource() { return nullptr; }
@@ -166,7 +171,8 @@
                         audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                         audio_format_t format,
                         size_t frameCount,
-                        audio_input_flags_t flags);
+                        audio_input_flags_t flags,
+                        audio_source_t source = AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT);
 
     Source* getSource() override { return static_cast<Source*>(this); }
 
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/ThreadMetrics.h b/services/audioflinger/ThreadMetrics.h
index 6526655..5493b3c 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/ThreadMetrics.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/ThreadMetrics.h
@@ -148,7 +148,14 @@
             item.set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CUMULATIVETIMENS, mCumulativeTimeNs)
                 .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_DEVICETIMENS, mDeviceTimeNs)
                 .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT, eventName)
-                .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INTERVALCOUNT, (int32_t)mIntervalCount);
+                .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INTERVALCOUNT, (int32_t)mIntervalCount)
+                // we set "last" device to indicate the device the group was
+                // associated with (because a createPatch which is logged in ThreadMetrics
+                // could have changed the device).
+                .set(mIsOut
+                        ? AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_LAST AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_OUTPUTDEVICES
+                        : AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_LAST AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INPUTDEVICES,
+                        mDevices.c_str());
             if (mDeviceLatencyMs.getN() > 0) {
                 item.set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_DEVICELATENCYMS, mDeviceLatencyMs.getMean());
             }
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
index b4accab..73ee691 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
@@ -178,6 +178,11 @@
 // Direct output thread minimum sleep time in idle or active(underrun) state
 static const nsecs_t kDirectMinSleepTimeUs = 10000;
 
+// Minimum amount of time between checking to see if the timestamp is advancing
+// for underrun detection. If we check too frequently, we may not detect a
+// timestamp update and will falsely detect underrun.
+static const nsecs_t kMinimumTimeBetweenTimestampChecksNs = 150 /* ms */ * 1000;
+
 // The universal constant for ubiquitous 20ms value. The value of 20ms seems to provide a good
 // balance between power consumption and latency, and allows threads to be scheduled reliably
 // by the CFS scheduler.
@@ -264,6 +269,23 @@
     return ss.str();
 }
 
+static std::string toString(audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+    // We convert to the AIDL type to print (eventually the legacy type will be removed).
+    const auto result = legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode(mode);
+    return result.has_value() ? media::toString(*result) : "UNKNOWN";
+}
+
+// Could be made a template, but other toString overloads for std::vector are confused.
+static std::string toString(const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& elements) {
+    std::string s("{ ");
+    for (const auto& e : elements) {
+        s.append(toString(e));
+        s.append(" ");
+    }
+    s.append("}");
+    return s;
+}
+
 static pthread_once_t sFastTrackMultiplierOnce = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
 
 static void sFastTrackMultiplierInit()
@@ -741,6 +763,12 @@
     sendConfigEvent_l(configEvent);
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::sendHalLatencyModesChangedEvent_l()
+{
+    sp<ConfigEvent> configEvent = sp<HalLatencyModesChangedEvent>::make();
+    sendConfigEvent_l(configEvent);
+}
+
 // post condition: mConfigEvents.isEmpty()
 void AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::processConfigEvents_l()
 {
@@ -808,6 +836,10 @@
             setCheckOutputStageEffects();
         } break;
 
+        case CFG_EVENT_HAL_LATENCY_MODES_CHANGED: {
+            onHalLatencyModesChanged_l();
+        } break;
+
         default:
             ALOG_ASSERT(false, "processConfigEvents_l() unknown event type %d", event->mType);
             break;
@@ -2030,7 +2062,8 @@
         mFastTrackAvailMask(((1 << FastMixerState::sMaxFastTracks) - 1) & ~1),
         mHwSupportsPause(false), mHwPaused(false), mFlushPending(false),
         mLeftVolFloat(-1.0), mRightVolFloat(-1.0),
-        mDownStreamPatch{}
+        mDownStreamPatch{},
+        mIsTimestampAdvancing(kMinimumTimeBetweenTimestampChecksNs)
 {
     snprintf(mThreadName, kThreadNameLength, "AudioOut_%X", id);
     mNBLogWriter = audioFlinger->newWriter_l(kLogSize, mThreadName);
@@ -3136,10 +3169,7 @@
     auto backInserter = std::back_inserter(metadata.tracks);
     for (const sp<Track> &track : mActiveTracks) {
         // No track is invalid as this is called after prepareTrack_l in the same critical section
-        // Do not forward metadata for PatchTrack with unspecified stream type
-        if (track->streamType() != AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH) {
-            track->copyMetadataTo(backInserter);
-        }
+        track->copyMetadataTo(backInserter);
     }
     sendMetadataToBackend_l(metadata);
 }
@@ -3922,6 +3952,8 @@
             // stop(), pause(), etc.), but the threadLoop is entitled to call audio
             // data / buffer methods on tracks from activeTracks without the ThreadBase lock.
             activeTracks.insert(activeTracks.end(), mActiveTracks.begin(), mActiveTracks.end());
+
+            setHalLatencyMode_l();
         } // mLock scope ends
 
         if (mBytesRemaining == 0) {
@@ -4087,10 +4119,19 @@
                                        mEffectBufferFormat,
                                        mNormalFrameCount * mHapticChannelCount);
             }
-
-            memcpy_by_audio_format(mSinkBuffer, mFormat, effectBuffer, mEffectBufferFormat,
-                    mNormalFrameCount * (mChannelCount + mHapticChannelCount));
-
+            const size_t framesToCopy = mNormalFrameCount * (mChannelCount + mHapticChannelCount);
+            if (mFormat == AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_FLOAT &&
+                    mEffectBufferFormat == AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_FLOAT) {
+                // Clamp PCM float values more than this distance from 0 to insulate
+                // a HAL which doesn't handle NaN correctly.
+                static constexpr float HAL_FLOAT_SAMPLE_LIMIT = 2.0f;
+                memcpy_to_float_from_float_with_clamping(static_cast<float*>(mSinkBuffer),
+                        static_cast<const float*>(effectBuffer),
+                        framesToCopy, HAL_FLOAT_SAMPLE_LIMIT /* absMax */);
+            } else {
+                memcpy_by_audio_format(mSinkBuffer, mFormat,
+                        effectBuffer, mEffectBufferFormat, framesToCopy);
+            }
             // The sample data is partially interleaved when haptic channels exist,
             // we need to adjust channels here.
             if (mHapticChannelCount > 0) {
@@ -5021,6 +5062,7 @@
         mCallbackThread->setDraining(mDrainSequence);
     }
     mHwPaused = false;
+    setHalLatencyMode_l();
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::onAddNewTrack_l()
@@ -5894,18 +5936,35 @@
     return trackCount;
 }
 
-bool AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::checkRunningTimestamp()
+bool AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::IsTimestampAdvancing::check(AudioStreamOut * output)
 {
+    // Check the timestamp to see if it's advancing once every 150ms. If we check too frequently, we
+    // could falsely detect that the frame position has stalled due to underrun because we haven't
+    // given the Audio HAL enough time to update.
+    const nsecs_t nowNs = systemTime();
+    if (nowNs - mPreviousNs < mMinimumTimeBetweenChecksNs) {
+        return mLatchedValue;
+    }
+    mPreviousNs = nowNs;
+    mLatchedValue = false;
+    // Determine if the presentation position is still advancing.
     uint64_t position = 0;
     struct timespec unused;
-    const status_t ret = mOutput->getPresentationPosition(&position, &unused);
+    const status_t ret = output->getPresentationPosition(&position, &unused);
     if (ret == NO_ERROR) {
-        if (position != mLastCheckedTimestampPosition) {
-            mLastCheckedTimestampPosition = position;
-            return true;
+        if (position != mPreviousPosition) {
+            mPreviousPosition = position;
+            mLatchedValue = true;
         }
     }
-    return false;
+    return mLatchedValue;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::IsTimestampAdvancing::clear()
+{
+    mLatchedValue = true;
+    mPreviousPosition = 0;
+    mPreviousNs = 0;
 }
 
 // isTrackAllowed_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
@@ -6340,9 +6399,9 @@
                 // No buffers for this track. Give it a few chances to
                 // fill a buffer, then remove it from active list.
                 // Only consider last track started for mixer state control
+                bool isTimestampAdvancing = mIsTimestampAdvancing.check(mOutput);
                 if (--(track->mRetryCount) <= 0) {
-                    const bool running = checkRunningTimestamp();
-                    if (running) { // still running, give us more time.
+                    if (isTimestampAdvancing) { // HAL is still playing audio, give us more time.
                         track->mRetryCount = kMaxTrackRetriesOffload;
                     } else {
                         ALOGV("BUFFER TIMEOUT: remove track(%d) from active list", trackId);
@@ -6923,9 +6982,9 @@
             } else {
                 // No buffers for this track. Give it a few chances to
                 // fill a buffer, then remove it from active list.
+                bool isTimestampAdvancing = mIsTimestampAdvancing.check(mOutput);
                 if (--(track->mRetryCount) <= 0) {
-                    const bool running = checkRunningTimestamp();
-                    if (running) { // still running, give us more time.
+                    if (isTimestampAdvancing) { // HAL is still playing audio, give us more time.
                         track->mRetryCount = kMaxTrackRetriesOffload;
                     } else {
                         ALOGV("OffloadThread: BUFFER TIMEOUT: remove track(%d) from active list",
@@ -7264,6 +7323,110 @@
 {
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::onFirstRef() {
+    PlaybackThread::onFirstRef();
+
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    status_t status = mOutput->stream->setLatencyModeCallback(this);
+    if (status != INVALID_OPERATION) {
+        updateHalSupportedLatencyModes_l();
+    }
+
+    const pid_t tid = getTid();
+    if (tid == -1) {
+        // Unusual: PlaybackThread::onFirstRef() should set the threadLoop running.
+        ALOGW("%s: Cannot update Spatializer mixer thread priority, not running", __func__);
+    } else {
+        const int priorityBoost = requestSpatializerPriority(getpid(), tid);
+        if (priorityBoost > 0) {
+            stream()->setHalThreadPriority(priorityBoost);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::createAudioPatch_l(const struct audio_patch *patch,
+                                                          audio_patch_handle_t *handle)
+{
+    status_t status = MixerThread::createAudioPatch_l(patch, handle);
+    updateHalSupportedLatencyModes_l();
+    return status;
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::updateHalSupportedLatencyModes_l() {
+    std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> latencyModes;
+    const status_t status = mOutput->stream->getRecommendedLatencyModes(&latencyModes);
+    if (status != NO_ERROR) {
+        latencyModes.clear();
+    }
+    if (latencyModes != mSupportedLatencyModes) {
+        ALOGD("%s: thread(%d) status %d supported latency modes: %s",
+            __func__, mId, status, toString(latencyModes).c_str());
+        mSupportedLatencyModes.swap(latencyModes);
+        sendHalLatencyModesChangedEvent_l();
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::onHalLatencyModesChanged_l() {
+    mAudioFlinger->onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(mId, mSupportedLatencyModes);
+}
+
+void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::setHalLatencyMode_l() {
+    // if mSupportedLatencyModes is empty, the HAL stream does not support
+    // latency mode control and we can exit.
+    if (mSupportedLatencyModes.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    audio_latency_mode_t latencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE;
+    if (mSupportedLatencyModes.size() == 1) {
+        // If the HAL only support one latency mode currently, confirm the choice
+        latencyMode = mSupportedLatencyModes[0];
+    } else if (mSupportedLatencyModes.size() > 1) {
+        // Request low latency if:
+        // - The low latency mode is requested by the spatializer controller
+        //   (mRequestedLatencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW)
+        //      AND
+        // - At least one active track is spatialized
+        bool hasSpatializedActiveTrack = false;
+        for (const auto& track : mActiveTracks) {
+            if (track->isSpatialized()) {
+                hasSpatializedActiveTrack = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (hasSpatializedActiveTrack && mRequestedLatencyMode == AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW) {
+            latencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (latencyMode != mSetLatencyMode) {
+        status_t status = mOutput->stream->setLatencyMode(latencyMode);
+        ALOGD("%s: thread(%d) setLatencyMode(%s) returned %d",
+                __func__, mId, toString(latencyMode).c_str(), status);
+        if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+            mSetLatencyMode = latencyMode;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::setRequestedLatencyMode(audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+    if (mode != AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW && mode != AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mRequestedLatencyMode = mode;
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+status_t AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::getSupportedLatencyModes(
+        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) {
+    if (modes == nullptr) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    *modes = mSupportedLatencyModes;
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::checkOutputStageEffects()
 {
     bool hasVirtualizer = false;
@@ -7316,6 +7479,16 @@
     }
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::SpatializerThread::onRecommendedLatencyModeChanged(
+        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> modes) {
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    if (modes != mSupportedLatencyModes) {
+        ALOGD("%s: thread(%d) supported latency modes: %s",
+            __func__, mId, toString(modes).c_str());
+        mSupportedLatencyModes.swap(modes);
+        sendHalLatencyModesChangedEvent_l();
+    }
+}
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //      Record
@@ -8614,21 +8787,9 @@
         return; // nothing to do
     }
     StreamInHalInterface::SinkMetadata metadata;
+    auto backInserter = std::back_inserter(metadata.tracks);
     for (const sp<RecordTrack> &track : mActiveTracks) {
-        // Do not forward PatchRecord metadata to audio HAL
-        if (track->isPatchTrack()) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        // No track is invalid as this is called after prepareTrack_l in the same critical section
-        record_track_metadata_v7_t trackMetadata;
-        trackMetadata.base = {
-                .source = track->attributes().source,
-                .gain = 1, // capture tracks do not have volumes
-        };
-        trackMetadata.channel_mask = track->channelMask(),
-        strncpy(trackMetadata.tags, track->attributes().tags, AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE);
-
-        metadata.tracks.push_back(trackMetadata);
+        track->copyMetadataTo(backInserter);
     }
     mInput->stream->updateSinkMetadata(metadata);
 }
@@ -10084,19 +10245,22 @@
 
 void AudioFlinger::MmapThread::checkInvalidTracks_l()
 {
+    sp<MmapStreamCallback> callback;
     for (const sp<MmapTrack> &track : mActiveTracks) {
         if (track->isInvalid()) {
-            sp<MmapStreamCallback> callback = mCallback.promote();
-            if (callback != 0) {
-                mLock.unlock();
-                callback->onTearDown(track->portId());
-                mLock.lock();
-            } else if (mNoCallbackWarningCount < kMaxNoCallbackWarnings) {
-                ALOGW("Could not notify MMAP stream tear down: no onTearDown callback!");
+            callback = mCallback.promote();
+            if (callback == nullptr &&  mNoCallbackWarningCount < kMaxNoCallbackWarnings) {
+                ALOGW("Could not notify MMAP stream tear down: no onRoutingChanged callback!");
                 mNoCallbackWarningCount++;
             }
+            break;
         }
     }
+    if (callback != 0) {
+        mLock.unlock();
+        callback->onRoutingChanged(AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE);
+        mLock.lock();
+    }
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::MmapThread::dumpInternals_l(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args __unused)
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
index 074ae8f..ad5617d 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@
         CFG_EVENT_RELEASE_AUDIO_PATCH,
         CFG_EVENT_UPDATE_OUT_DEVICE,
         CFG_EVENT_RESIZE_BUFFER,
-        CFG_EVENT_CHECK_OUTPUT_STAGE_EFFECTS
+        CFG_EVENT_CHECK_OUTPUT_STAGE_EFFECTS,
+        CFG_EVENT_HAL_LATENCY_MODES_CHANGED,
     };
 
     class ConfigEventData: public RefBase {
@@ -282,6 +283,15 @@
         virtual ~CheckOutputStageEffectsEvent() {}
     };
 
+    class HalLatencyModesChangedEvent : public ConfigEvent {
+    public:
+        HalLatencyModesChangedEvent() :
+            ConfigEvent(CFG_EVENT_HAL_LATENCY_MODES_CHANGED) {
+        }
+
+        virtual ~HalLatencyModesChangedEvent() {}
+    };
+
 
     class PMDeathRecipient : public IBinder::DeathRecipient {
     public:
@@ -353,6 +363,7 @@
                 void        sendResizeBufferConfigEvent_l(int32_t maxSharedAudioHistoryMs);
                 void        sendCheckOutputStageEffectsEvent();
                 void        sendCheckOutputStageEffectsEvent_l();
+                void        sendHalLatencyModesChangedEvent_l();
 
                 void        processConfigEvents_l();
     virtual     void        setCheckOutputStageEffects() {}
@@ -364,7 +375,7 @@
     virtual     void        toAudioPortConfig(struct audio_port_config *config) = 0;
 
     virtual     void        resizeInputBuffer_l(int32_t maxSharedAudioHistoryMs);
-
+    virtual     void        onHalLatencyModesChanged_l() {}
 
 
                 // see note at declaration of mStandby, mOutDevice and mInDevice
@@ -921,6 +932,8 @@
                             }
 
     virtual     void        checkOutputStageEffects() {}
+    virtual     void        setHalLatencyMode_l() {}
+
 
                 void        dumpInternals_l(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args) override;
                 void        dumpTracks_l(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args) override;
@@ -1064,6 +1077,15 @@
                 bool hasMixer() const {
                     return mType == MIXER || mType == DUPLICATING || mType == SPATIALIZER;
                 }
+
+    virtual     status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(
+            audio_latency_mode_t mode __unused) { return INVALID_OPERATION; }
+
+    virtual     status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(
+                        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes __unused) {
+                    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+                }
+
 protected:
     // updated by readOutputParameters_l()
     size_t                          mNormalFrameCount;  // normal mixer and effects
@@ -1150,7 +1172,7 @@
     volatile int32_t                mSuspended;
 
     int64_t                         mBytesWritten;
-    int64_t                         mFramesWritten; // not reset on standby
+    std::atomic<int64_t>            mFramesWritten; // not reset on standby
     int64_t                         mLastFramesWritten = -1; // track changes in timestamp
                                                              // server frames written.
     int64_t                         mSuspendedFrames; // not reset on standby
@@ -1364,6 +1386,7 @@
     virtual     bool        hasFastMixer() const = 0;
     virtual     FastTrackUnderruns getFastTrackUnderruns(size_t fastIndex __unused) const
                                 { FastTrackUnderruns dummy; return dummy; }
+                const std::atomic<int64_t>& framesWritten() const { return mFramesWritten; }
 
 protected:
                 // accessed by both binder threads and within threadLoop(), lock on mutex needed
@@ -1381,13 +1404,38 @@
 
                 std::atomic_bool mCheckOutputStageEffects{};
 
-                // A differential check on the timestamps to see if there is a change in the
-                // timestamp frame position between the last call to checkRunningTimestamp.
-                uint64_t mLastCheckedTimestampPosition = ~0LL;
 
-                bool checkRunningTimestamp();
+                // Provides periodic checking for timestamp advancement for underrun detection.
+                class IsTimestampAdvancing {
+                public:
+                    // The timestamp will not be checked any faster than the specified time.
+                    IsTimestampAdvancing(nsecs_t minimumTimeBetweenChecksNs)
+                        :   mMinimumTimeBetweenChecksNs(minimumTimeBetweenChecksNs)
+                    {
+                        clear();
+                    }
+                    // Check if the presentation position has advanced in the last periodic time.
+                    bool check(AudioStreamOut * output);
+                    // Clear the internal state when the playback state changes for the output
+                    // stream.
+                    void clear();
+                private:
+                    // The minimum time between timestamp checks.
+                    const nsecs_t mMinimumTimeBetweenChecksNs;
+                    // Add differential check on the timestamps to see if there is a change in the
+                    // timestamp frame position between the last call to check.
+                    uint64_t mPreviousPosition;
+                    // The time at which the last check occurred, to ensure we don't check too
+                    // frequently, giving the Audio HAL enough time to update its timestamps.
+                    nsecs_t mPreviousNs;
+                    // The valued is latched so we don't check timestamps too frequently.
+                    bool mLatchedValue;
+                };
+                IsTimestampAdvancing mIsTimestampAdvancing;
 
-    virtual     void flushHw_l() { mLastCheckedTimestampPosition = ~0LL; }
+    virtual     void flushHw_l() {
+                    mIsTimestampAdvancing.clear();
+                }
 };
 
 class MixerThread : public PlaybackThread {
@@ -1682,7 +1730,8 @@
     }
 };
 
-class SpatializerThread : public MixerThread {
+class SpatializerThread : public MixerThread,
+        public StreamOutHalInterfaceLatencyModeCallback {
 public:
     SpatializerThread(const sp<AudioFlinger>& audioFlinger,
                            AudioStreamOut* output,
@@ -1693,10 +1742,35 @@
 
             bool hasFastMixer() const override { return false; }
 
+            status_t    createAudioPatch_l(const struct audio_patch *patch,
+                                   audio_patch_handle_t *handle) override;
+
+            // RefBase
+            virtual void        onFirstRef();
+
+            // StreamOutHalInterfaceLatencyModeCallback
+            void onRecommendedLatencyModeChanged(std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> modes) override;
+
+            status_t setRequestedLatencyMode(audio_latency_mode_t mode) override;
+            status_t getSupportedLatencyModes(std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>* modes) override;
+
 protected:
             void checkOutputStageEffects() override;
+            void onHalLatencyModesChanged_l() override;
+            void setHalLatencyMode_l() override;
 
 private:
+            void updateHalSupportedLatencyModes_l();
+
+            // Support low latency mode by default as unless explicitly indicated by the audio HAL
+            // we assume the audio path is compatible with the head tracking latency requirements
+            std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> mSupportedLatencyModes = {AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW};
+            // default to invalid value to force first update to the audio HAL
+            audio_latency_mode_t mSetLatencyMode =
+                    (audio_latency_mode_t)AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_INVALID;
+            // Do not request a specific mode by default
+            audio_latency_mode_t mRequestedLatencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE;
+
             sp<EffectHandle> mFinalDownMixer;
 };
 
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h b/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
index 2677ab3..20bfbb0 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
@@ -397,6 +397,8 @@
     int64_t             mLogStartFrames = 0;    // Timestamp frames at start()
     double              mLogLatencyMs = 0.;     // Track the last log latency
 
+    bool                mLogForceVolumeUpdate = true; // force volume update to TrackMetrics.
+
     TrackMetrics        mTrackMetrics;
 
     bool                mServerLatencySupported = false;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/TrackMetrics.h b/services/audioflinger/TrackMetrics.h
index 30d69ab..6fc70d6 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/TrackMetrics.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/TrackMetrics.h
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
                     AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT_VALUE_BEGINAUDIOINTERVALGROUP, devices.c_str());
         }
         ++mIntervalCount;
-        mIntervalStartTimeNs = systemTime();
     }
 
     void logConstructor(pid_t creatorPid, uid_t creatorUid, int32_t internalTrackId,
@@ -90,11 +89,9 @@
     // Called when we are removed from the Thread.
     void logEndInterval() {
         std::lock_guard l(mLock);
-        if (mIntervalStartTimeNs != 0) {
-            const int64_t elapsedTimeNs = systemTime() - mIntervalStartTimeNs;
-            mIntervalStartTimeNs = 0;
-            mCumulativeTimeNs += elapsedTimeNs;
-            mDeviceTimeNs += elapsedTimeNs;
+        if (mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs != 0) {
+            logVolume_l(mVolume); // flush out the last volume.
+            mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = 0;
         }
     }
 
@@ -133,20 +130,8 @@
 
     // may be called multiple times during an interval
     void logVolume(float volume) {
-        const int64_t timeNs = systemTime();
         std::lock_guard l(mLock);
-        if (mStartVolumeTimeNs == 0) {
-            mDeviceVolume = mVolume = volume;
-            mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = mStartVolumeTimeNs = timeNs;
-            updateMinMaxVolume(0, mVolume);
-            return;
-        }
-        const int64_t durationNs = timeNs - mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs;
-        updateMinMaxVolume(durationNs, mVolume);
-        mDeviceVolume = (mDeviceVolume * (mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs - mStartVolumeTimeNs) +
-            mVolume * durationNs) / (timeNs - mStartVolumeTimeNs);
-        mVolume = volume;
-        mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = timeNs;
+        logVolume_l(volume);
     }
 
     // Use absolute numbers returned by AudioTrackShared.
@@ -158,6 +143,7 @@
     }
 
 private:
+
     // no lock required - all arguments and constants.
     void deliverDeviceMetrics(const char *eventName, const char *devices) const {
         mediametrics::LogItem(mMetricsId)
@@ -167,6 +153,23 @@
            .record();
     }
 
+    void logVolume_l(float volume) REQUIRES(mLock) {
+        const int64_t timeNs = systemTime();
+        const int64_t durationNs = mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs == 0
+                ? 0 : timeNs - mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs;
+        if (durationNs > 0) {
+            // See West's algorithm for weighted averages
+            // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
+            mDeviceVolume += (mVolume - mDeviceVolume) * durationNs
+                      / (durationNs + mDeviceTimeNs);
+            mDeviceTimeNs += durationNs;
+            mCumulativeTimeNs += durationNs;
+        }
+        updateMinMaxVolume(durationNs, mVolume); // always update.
+        mVolume = volume;
+        mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = timeNs;
+    }
+
     void deliverCumulativeMetrics(const char *eventName) const REQUIRES(mLock) {
         if (mIntervalCount > 0) {
             mediametrics::LogItem item(mMetricsId);
@@ -199,14 +202,12 @@
         // mDevices is not reset by resetIntervalGroupMetrics.
 
         mIntervalCount = 0;
-        mIntervalStartTimeNs = 0;
         // mCumulativeTimeNs is not reset by resetIntervalGroupMetrics.
         mDeviceTimeNs = 0;
 
         mVolume = 0.f;
         mDeviceVolume = 0.f;
-        mStartVolumeTimeNs = 0;
-        mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = 0;
+        mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs = 0;  // last time volume logged, cleared on endInterval
         mMinVolume = AMEDIAMETRICS_INITIAL_MIN_VOLUME;
         mMaxVolume = AMEDIAMETRICS_INITIAL_MAX_VOLUME;
         mMinVolumeDurationNs = 0;
@@ -230,14 +231,12 @@
 
     // Number of intervals and playing time
     int32_t           mIntervalCount GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
-    int64_t           mIntervalStartTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
-    int64_t           mCumulativeTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
-    int64_t           mDeviceTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
+    int64_t           mCumulativeTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0; // total time.
+    int64_t           mDeviceTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;     // time on device.
 
     // Average volume
-    double            mVolume GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0.f;
-    double            mDeviceVolume GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0.f;
-    int64_t           mStartVolumeTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
+    double            mVolume GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0.f;       // last set volume.
+    double            mDeviceVolume GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0.f; // running average volume.
     int64_t           mLastVolumeChangeTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
 
     // Min/Max volume
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
index 83a8bb0..10f9f73 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
@@ -334,6 +334,7 @@
     : BnAudioTrack(),
       mTrack(track)
 {
+    setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
 }
 
 AudioFlinger::TrackHandle::~TrackHandle() {
@@ -1091,12 +1092,22 @@
                     __func__, mId, (int)mThreadIoHandle);
         }
 
-        // states to reset position info for non-offloaded/direct tracks
-        if (!isOffloaded() && !isDirect()
+        PlaybackThread *playbackThread = (PlaybackThread *)thread.get();
+
+        // states to reset position info for pcm tracks
+        if (audio_is_linear_pcm(mFormat)
                 && (state == IDLE || state == STOPPED || state == FLUSHED)) {
             mFrameMap.reset();
+
+            if (!isFastTrack() && (isDirect() || isOffloaded())) {
+                // Start point of track -> sink frame map. If the HAL returns a
+                // frame position smaller than the first written frame in
+                // updateTrackFrameInfo, the timestamp can be interpolated
+                // instead of using a larger value.
+                mFrameMap.push(mAudioTrackServerProxy->framesReleased(),
+                               playbackThread->framesWritten());
+            }
         }
-        PlaybackThread *playbackThread = (PlaybackThread *)thread.get();
         if (isFastTrack()) {
             // refresh fast track underruns on start because that field is never cleared
             // by the fast mixer; furthermore, the same track can be recycled, i.e. start
@@ -1120,6 +1131,7 @@
                     .mPosition[ExtendedTimestamp::LOCATION_KERNEL];
             mLogLatencyMs = 0.;
         }
+        mLogForceVolumeUpdate = true;  // at least one volume logged for metrics when starting.
 
         if (status == NO_ERROR || status == ALREADY_EXISTS) {
             // for streaming tracks, remove the buffer read stop limit.
@@ -1391,12 +1403,21 @@
     if (mFinalVolume != volume) { // Compare to an epsilon if too many meaningless updates
         mFinalVolume = volume;
         setMetadataHasChanged();
-        mTrackMetrics.logVolume(volume);
+        mLogForceVolumeUpdate = true;
+    }
+    if (mLogForceVolumeUpdate) {
+        mLogForceVolumeUpdate = false;
+        mTrackMetrics.logVolume(mFinalVolume);
     }
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::Track::copyMetadataTo(MetadataInserter& backInserter) const
 {
+    // Do not forward metadata for PatchTrack with unspecified stream type
+    if (mStreamType == AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     playback_track_metadata_v7_t metadata;
     metadata.base = {
             .usage = mAttr.usage,
@@ -1457,7 +1478,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    metadata.channel_mask = mChannelMask,
+    metadata.channel_mask = mChannelMask;
     strncpy(metadata.tags, mAttr.tags, AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE);
     *backInserter++ = metadata;
 }
@@ -2001,7 +2022,6 @@
 {
     Buffer *pInBuffer;
     Buffer inBuffer;
-    bool outputBufferFull = false;
     inBuffer.frameCount = frames;
     inBuffer.raw = data;
 
@@ -2031,7 +2051,6 @@
                 ALOGV("%s(%d): thread %d no more output buffers; status %d",
                         __func__, mId,
                         (int)mThreadIoHandle, status);
-                outputBufferFull = true;
                 break;
             }
             uint32_t waitTimeMs = (uint32_t)ns2ms(systemTime() - startTime);
@@ -2311,6 +2330,7 @@
     : BnAudioRecord(),
     mRecordTrack(recordTrack)
 {
+    setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
 }
 
 AudioFlinger::RecordHandle::~RecordHandle() {
@@ -2727,6 +2747,25 @@
     }
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::RecordThread::RecordTrack::copyMetadataTo(MetadataInserter& backInserter) const
+{
+
+    // Do not forward PatchRecord metadata with unspecified audio source
+    if (mAttr.source == AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // No track is invalid as this is called after prepareTrack_l in the same critical section
+    record_track_metadata_v7_t metadata;
+    metadata.base = {
+            .source = mAttr.source,
+            .gain = 1, // capture tracks do not have volumes
+    };
+    metadata.channel_mask = mChannelMask;
+    strncpy(metadata.tags, mAttr.tags, AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE);
+
+    *backInserter++ = metadata;
+}
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #undef LOG_TAG
@@ -2740,9 +2779,10 @@
                                                      void *buffer,
                                                      size_t bufferSize,
                                                      audio_input_flags_t flags,
-                                                     const Timeout& timeout)
+                                                     const Timeout& timeout,
+                                                     audio_source_t source)
     :   RecordTrack(recordThread, NULL,
-                audio_attributes_t{} /* currently unused for patch track */,
+                audio_attributes_t{ .source = source } ,
                 sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
                 buffer, bufferSize, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getpid(),
                 audioServerAttributionSource(getpid()), flags, TYPE_PATCH),
@@ -2853,9 +2893,10 @@
         audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
         audio_format_t format,
         size_t frameCount,
-        audio_input_flags_t flags)
+        audio_input_flags_t flags,
+        audio_source_t source)
         : PatchRecord(recordThread, sampleRate, channelMask, format, frameCount,
-                nullptr /*buffer*/, 0 /*bufferSize*/, flags),
+                nullptr /*buffer*/, 0 /*bufferSize*/, flags, {} /* timeout */, source),
           mPatchRecordAudioBufferProvider(*this),
           mSinkBuffer(allocAligned(32, mFrameCount * mFrameSize)),
           mStubBuffer(allocAligned(32, mFrameCount * mFrameSize))
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/AudioPolicyMix.h b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/AudioPolicyMix.h
index c2a20c6..bb1699e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/AudioPolicyMix.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/AudioPolicyMix.h
@@ -70,8 +70,9 @@
      * @return OK if the request is valid
      *         otherwise if the request is not supported
      */
-    status_t getOutputForAttr(const audio_attributes_t& attributes, uid_t uid,
-                              audio_output_flags_t flags,
+    status_t getOutputForAttr(const audio_attributes_t& attributes,
+                              const audio_config_base_t& config,
+                              uid_t uid, audio_output_flags_t flags,
                               sp<AudioPolicyMix> &primaryMix,
                               std::vector<sp<AudioPolicyMix>> *secondaryMixes);
 
@@ -126,6 +127,7 @@
     enum class MixMatchStatus { MATCH, NO_MATCH, INVALID_MIX };
     MixMatchStatus mixMatch(const AudioMix* mix, size_t mixIndex,
                             const audio_attributes_t& attributes,
+                            const audio_config_base_t& config,
                             uid_t uid);
 };
 
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/ClientDescriptor.h b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/ClientDescriptor.h
index 0431619..7119b85 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/ClientDescriptor.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/ClientDescriptor.h
@@ -239,12 +239,13 @@
     }
     void setUseSwBridge() { mUseSwBridge = true; }
     bool useSwBridge() const { return mUseSwBridge; }
+    bool canCloseOutput() const { return mCloseOutput; }
     bool isConnected() const { return mPatchHandle != AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE; }
     audio_patch_handle_t getPatchHandle() const { return mPatchHandle; }
     sp<DeviceDescriptor> srcDevice() const { return mSrcDevice; }
     sp<DeviceDescriptor> sinkDevice() const { return mSinkDevice; }
     wp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> swOutput() const { return mSwOutput; }
-    void setSwOutput(const sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>& swOutput);
+    void setSwOutput(const sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>& swOutput, bool closeOutput = false);
     wp<HwAudioOutputDescriptor> hwOutput() const { return mHwOutput; }
     void setHwOutput(const sp<HwAudioOutputDescriptor>& hwOutput);
 
@@ -258,6 +259,15 @@
     wp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> mSwOutput;
     wp<HwAudioOutputDescriptor> mHwOutput;
     bool mUseSwBridge = false;
+    /**
+     * For either HW bridge associated to a SwOutput for activity / volume or SwBridge for also
+     * sample rendering / activity & volume, an existing playback thread may be reused (e.g.
+     * not already opened at APM startup or Direct Output).
+     * If reusing an already opened output, when this output is not used anymore, the AudioFlinger
+     * patch must be updated to refine the output device(s) information and ensure the right
+     * behavior of AudioDeviceCallback.
+     */
+    bool mCloseOutput = false;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/AudioPolicyMix.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/AudioPolicyMix.cpp
index 546f56b..e142bef 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/AudioPolicyMix.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/AudioPolicyMix.cpp
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t AudioPolicyMixCollection::getOutputForAttr(
-        const audio_attributes_t& attributes, uid_t uid,
+        const audio_attributes_t& attributes, const audio_config_base_t& config, uid_t uid,
         audio_output_flags_t flags,
         sp<AudioPolicyMix> &primaryMix,
         std::vector<sp<AudioPolicyMix>> *secondaryMixes)
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
             continue; // Primary output already found
         }
 
-        switch (mixMatch(policyMix.get(), i, attributes, uid)) {
+        switch (mixMatch(policyMix.get(), i, attributes, config, uid)) {
             case MixMatchStatus::INVALID_MIX:
                 // The mix has contradictory rules, ignore it
                 // TODO: reject invalid mix at registration
@@ -202,7 +202,8 @@
 }
 
 AudioPolicyMixCollection::MixMatchStatus AudioPolicyMixCollection::mixMatch(
-        const AudioMix* mix, size_t mixIndex, const audio_attributes_t& attributes, uid_t uid) {
+        const AudioMix* mix, size_t mixIndex, const audio_attributes_t& attributes,
+        const audio_config_base_t& config, uid_t uid) {
 
     if (mix->mMixType == MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS) {
         // Loopback render mixes are created from a public API and thus restricted
@@ -229,6 +230,15 @@
             }
         }
 
+        // Permit match only if requested format and mix format are PCM and can be format
+        // adapted by the mixer, or are the same (compressed) format.
+        if (!is_mix_loopback(mix->mRouteFlags) &&
+            !((audio_is_linear_pcm(config.format) && audio_is_linear_pcm(mix->mFormat.format)) ||
+              (config.format == mix->mFormat.format)) &&
+              config.format != AUDIO_CONFIG_BASE_INITIALIZER.format) {
+            return MixMatchStatus::NO_MATCH;
+        }
+
         int userId = (int) multiuser_get_user_id(uid);
 
         // TODO if adding more player rules (currently only 2), make rule handling "generic"
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/ClientDescriptor.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/ClientDescriptor.cpp
index 713b0ac..8b6866e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/ClientDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/ClientDescriptor.cpp
@@ -105,9 +105,11 @@
 {
 }
 
-void SourceClientDescriptor::setSwOutput(const sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>& swOutput)
+void SourceClientDescriptor::setSwOutput(
+        const sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>& swOutput, bool closeOutput)
 {
     mSwOutput = swOutput;
+    mCloseOutput = closeOutput;
 }
 
 void SourceClientDescriptor::setHwOutput(const sp<HwAudioOutputDescriptor>& hwOutput)
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/config/bluetooth_with_le_audio_policy_configuration_7_0.xml b/services/audiopolicy/config/bluetooth_with_le_audio_policy_configuration_7_0.xml
index e7908eb..c453dea 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/config/bluetooth_with_le_audio_policy_configuration_7_0.xml
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/config/bluetooth_with_le_audio_policy_configuration_7_0.xml
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
         </mixPort>
         <!-- Le Audio Audio Ports -->
         <mixPort name="le audio output" role="source" />
+        <mixPort name="le audio broadcast output" role="source" />
         <mixPort name="le audio input" role="sink">
             <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
                      samplingRates="8000 16000 24000 32000 44100 48000"
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@
         <devicePort tagName="BLE Headset Out" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_HEADSET" role="sink"/>
         <devicePort tagName="BLE Speaker Out" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_SPEAKER" role="sink"/>
         <devicePort tagName="BLE Headset In" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLE_HEADSET" role="source"/>
+        <devicePort tagName="BLE Broadcast Out" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_BROADCAST" role="sink"/>
     </devicePorts>
     <routes>
         <route type="mix" sink="BT A2DP Out"
@@ -63,5 +65,7 @@
                sources="BLE Headset In"/>
         <route type="mix" sink="BLE Speaker Out"
                sources="le audio output"/>
+        <route type="mix" sink="BLE Broadcast Out"
+               sources="le audio broadcast output"/>
     </routes>
 </module>
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/include/VolumeGroup.h b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/include/VolumeGroup.h
index 5378f64..f40ab1c 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/include/VolumeGroup.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/include/VolumeGroup.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     VolumeCurves *getVolumeCurves() { return &mGroupVolumeCurves; }
 
     void addSupportedAttributes(const audio_attributes_t &attr);
-    AttributesVector getSupportedAttributes() const { return mGroupVolumeCurves.getAttributes(); }
+    AttributesVector getSupportedAttributes() const;
 
     void addSupportedStream(audio_stream_type_t stream);
     StreamTypeVector getStreamTypes() const { return mGroupVolumeCurves.getStreamTypes(); }
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/VolumeGroup.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/VolumeGroup.cpp
index e189807..f5ffbba 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/VolumeGroup.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/engine/common/src/VolumeGroup.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,17 @@
 {
 }
 
+// Used for introspection, e.g. JAVA
+AttributesVector VolumeGroup::getSupportedAttributes() const
+{
+    AttributesVector supportedAttributes = {};
+    for (auto &aa : mGroupVolumeCurves.getAttributes()) {
+        aa.source = AUDIO_SOURCE_INVALID;
+        supportedAttributes.push_back(aa);
+    }
+    return supportedAttributes;
+}
+
 void VolumeGroup::dump(String8 *dst, int spaces) const
 {
     dst->appendFormat("\n%*s-%s (id: %d)\n", spaces, "", mName.c_str(), mId);
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/src/Engine.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/src/Engine.cpp
index d4d514d..8c21534 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/src/Engine.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/enginedefault/src/Engine.cpp
@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@
                     AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP, AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES,
                     AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER, }));
         }
+        // If connected to a dock, never use the device speaker for calls
+        if (!availableOutputDevices.getDevicesFromTypes({AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET})
+                .isEmpty()) {
+            availableOutputDevices.remove(
+                    availableOutputDevices.getDevicesFromTypes({AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER}));
+        }
         } break;
     case STRATEGY_ACCESSIBILITY: {
         // do not route accessibility prompts to a digital output currently configured with a
@@ -285,7 +291,9 @@
 
         if ((strategy == STRATEGY_SONIFICATION) ||
                 (getForceUse(AUDIO_POLICY_FORCE_FOR_SYSTEM) == AUDIO_POLICY_FORCE_SYSTEM_ENFORCED)) {
-            devices = availableOutputDevices.getDevicesFromType(AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER);
+            // favor dock over speaker when available
+            devices = availableOutputDevices.getFirstDevicesFromTypes({
+                    AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET, AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER});
         }
 
         // if SCO headset is connected and we are told to use it, play ringtone over
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
index 744609f..8d00a3d 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
@@ -788,7 +788,8 @@
     ALOGV("%s between source %s and sink %s", __func__,
             srcDevice->toString().c_str(), sinkDevice->toString().c_str());
     auto callTxSourceClientPortId = PolicyAudioPort::getNextUniqueId();
-    const audio_attributes_t aa = { .source = AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION };
+    const auto aa = mEngine->getAttributesForStreamType(AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL);
+
     struct audio_port_config source = {};
     srcDevice->toAudioPortConfig(&source);
     mCallTxSourceClient = new InternalSourceClientDescriptor(
@@ -1054,12 +1055,12 @@
             if (curProfile->getFlags() != AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_SPATIALIZER) {
                 continue;
             }
-            // reject profiles not corresponding to a device currently available
-            DeviceVector supportedDevices = curProfile->getSupportedDevices();
-            if (!mAvailableOutputDevices.containsAtLeastOne(supportedDevices)) {
-                continue;
-            }
             if (!devices.empty()) {
+                // reject profiles not corresponding to a device currently available
+                DeviceVector supportedDevices = curProfile->getSupportedDevices();
+                if (!mAvailableOutputDevices.containsAtLeastOne(supportedDevices)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
                 if (supportedDevices.getDevicesFromDeviceTypeAddrVec(devices).size()
                         != devices.size()) {
                     continue;
@@ -1161,7 +1162,12 @@
     //       otherwise, fallback to the dynamic policies, if none match, query the engine.
     // Secondary outputs are always found by dynamic policies as the engine do not support them
     sp<AudioPolicyMix> primaryMix;
-    status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(*resultAttr, uid, *flags, primaryMix, secondaryMixes);
+    const audio_config_base_t clientConfig = {.sample_rate = config->sample_rate,
+        .channel_mask = config->channel_mask,
+        .format = config->format,
+    };
+    status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(*resultAttr, clientConfig, uid, *flags, primaryMix,
+                                           secondaryMixes);
     if (status != OK) {
         return status;
     }
@@ -1170,10 +1176,9 @@
     bool usePrimaryOutputFromPolicyMixes = requestedDevice == nullptr && primaryMix != nullptr;
 
     // FIXME: in case of RENDER policy, the output capabilities should be checked
-    if ((usePrimaryOutputFromPolicyMixes
-            || (secondaryMixes != nullptr && !secondaryMixes->empty()))
-        && !audio_is_linear_pcm(config->format)) {
-        ALOGD("%s: rejecting request as dynamic audio policy only support pcm", __func__);
+    if ((secondaryMixes != nullptr && !secondaryMixes->empty())
+            && !audio_is_linear_pcm(config->format)) {
+        ALOGD("%s: rejecting request as secondary mixes only support pcm", __func__);
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     if (usePrimaryOutputFromPolicyMixes) {
@@ -1182,19 +1187,27 @@
                                                   primaryMix->mDeviceAddress,
                                                   AUDIO_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
         sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> policyDesc = primaryMix->getOutput();
-        if (deviceDesc != nullptr
-                && (policyDesc == nullptr || (policyDesc->mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT))) {
+        bool tryDirectForFlags = policyDesc == nullptr ||
+                (policyDesc->mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
+        // if a direct output can be opened to deliver the track's multi-channel content to the
+        // output rather than being downmixed by the primary output, then use this direct
+        // output by by-passing the primary mix if possible, otherwise fall-through to primary
+        // mix.
+        bool tryDirectForChannelMask = policyDesc != nullptr
+                    && (audio_channel_count_from_out_mask(policyDesc->getConfig().channel_mask) <
+                        audio_channel_count_from_out_mask(config->channel_mask));
+        if (deviceDesc != nullptr && (tryDirectForFlags || tryDirectForChannelMask)) {
             audio_io_handle_t newOutput;
             status = openDirectOutput(
                     *stream, session, config,
                     (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags | AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT),
                     DeviceVector(deviceDesc), &newOutput);
-            if (status != NO_ERROR) {
-                policyDesc = nullptr;
-            } else {
+            if (status == NO_ERROR) {
                 policyDesc = mOutputs.valueFor(newOutput);
                 primaryMix->setOutput(policyDesc);
-            }
+            } else if (tryDirectForFlags) {
+                policyDesc = nullptr;
+            } // otherwise use primary if available.
         }
         if (policyDesc != nullptr) {
             policyDesc->mPolicyMix = primaryMix;
@@ -1868,7 +1881,8 @@
     //    (see b/200293124, the incorrect selection of AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_VOIP_RX).
     // 3: the output supporting the exact channel mask
     // 4: the output with a higher channel count than requested
-    // 5: the output with a higher sampling rate than requested
+    // 5: the output with the highest sampling rate if the requested sample rate is
+    //    greater than default sampling rate
     // 6: the output with the highest number of requested performance flags
     // 7: the output with the bit depth the closest to the requested one
     // 8: the primary output
@@ -1928,8 +1942,7 @@
         }
 
         // sampling rate match
-        if (samplingRate > SAMPLE_RATE_HZ_DEFAULT &&
-                samplingRate <= outputDesc->getSamplingRate()) {
+        if (samplingRate > SAMPLE_RATE_HZ_DEFAULT) {
             currentMatchCriteria[4] = outputDesc->getSamplingRate();
         }
 
@@ -1989,6 +2002,10 @@
         outputDesc->stop();
         return status;
     }
+    if (client->hasPreferredDevice()) {
+        // playback activity with preferred device impacts routing occurred, inform upper layers
+        mpClientInterface->onRoutingUpdated();
+    }
     if (delayMs != 0) {
         usleep(delayMs * 1000);
     }
@@ -2234,6 +2251,11 @@
     }
     sp<TrackClientDescriptor> client = outputDesc->getClient(portId);
 
+    if (client->hasPreferredDevice(true)) {
+        // playback activity with preferred device impacts routing occurred, inform upper layers
+        mpClientInterface->onRoutingUpdated();
+    }
+
     ALOGV("stopOutput() output %d, stream %d, session %d",
           outputDesc->mIoHandle, client->stream(), client->session());
 
@@ -2996,6 +3018,10 @@
     status_t status = NO_ERROR;
     IVolumeCurves &curves = getVolumeCurves(attributes);
     VolumeSource vs = toVolumeSource(group);
+    // AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO is only used for volume control so we remap
+    // to AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL to match with relevant playback activity
+    VolumeSource activityVs = (vs == toVolumeSource(AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO, false)) ?
+            toVolumeSource(AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL, false) : vs;
     product_strategy_t strategy = mEngine->getProductStrategyForAttributes(attributes);
 
     status = setVolumeCurveIndex(index, device, curves);
@@ -3034,7 +3060,8 @@
         if (curDevices.erase(AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE)) {
             curDevices.insert(AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER);
         }
-        if (!(desc->isActive(vs) || isInCall())) {
+
+        if (!(desc->isActive(activityVs) || isInCallOrScreening())) {
             continue;
         }
         if (device != AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_DEFAULT_FOR_VOLUME &&
@@ -3068,7 +3095,7 @@
                 bool isPreempted = false;
                 bool isHigherPriority = productStrategy < strategy;
                 for (const auto &client : activeClients) {
-                    if (isHigherPriority && (client->volumeSource() != vs)) {
+                    if (isHigherPriority && (client->volumeSource() != activityVs)) {
                         ALOGV("%s: Strategy=%d (\nrequester:\n"
                               " group %d, volumeGroup=%d attributes=%s)\n"
                               " higher priority source active:\n"
@@ -3081,7 +3108,7 @@
                         break;
                     }
                     // However, continue for loop to ensure no higher prio clients running on output
-                    if (client->volumeSource() == vs) {
+                    if (client->volumeSource() == activityVs) {
                         applyVolume = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -4081,6 +4108,9 @@
 
 status_t AudioPolicyManager::getDirectProfilesForAttributes(const audio_attributes_t* attr,
                                                 AudioProfileVector& audioProfilesVector) {
+    if (mEffects.isNonOffloadableEffectEnabled()) {
+        return OK;
+    }
     AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector devices;
     status_t status = getDevicesForAttributes(*attr, &devices, false /* forVolume */);
     if (status != OK) {
@@ -4519,7 +4549,7 @@
                 // In case of Hw bridge, it is a Work Around. The mixPort used is the one declared
                 // in config XML to reach the sink so that is can be declared as available.
                 audio_io_handle_t output = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
-                sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> outputDesc = nullptr;
+                sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> outputDesc;
                 if (!sourceDesc->isInternal()) {
                     // take care of dynamic routing for SwOutput selection,
                     audio_attributes_t attributes = sourceDesc->attributes();
@@ -4548,7 +4578,8 @@
                         ALOGE("%s output is duplicated", __func__);
                         return INVALID_OPERATION;
                     }
-                    sourceDesc->setSwOutput(outputDesc);
+                    bool closeOutput = outputDesc->mDirectOpenCount != 0;
+                    sourceDesc->setSwOutput(outputDesc, closeOutput);
                 } else {
                     // Same for "raw patches" aka created from createAudioPatch API
                     SortedVector<audio_io_handle_t> outputs =
@@ -4567,7 +4598,7 @@
                               __func__, sinkDevice->toString().c_str());
                         return INVALID_OPERATION;
                     }
-                    sourceDesc->setSwOutput(outputDesc);
+                    sourceDesc->setSwOutput(outputDesc, /* closeOutput= */ false);
                 }
                 // create a software bridge in PatchPanel if:
                 // - source and sink devices are on different HW modules OR
@@ -4589,7 +4620,8 @@
                         audio_port_config srcMixPortConfig = {};
                         outputDesc->toAudioPortConfig(&srcMixPortConfig, nullptr);
                         // for volume control, we may need a valid stream
-                        srcMixPortConfig.ext.mix.usecase.stream = !sourceDesc->isInternal() ?
+                        srcMixPortConfig.ext.mix.usecase.stream =
+                            (!sourceDesc->isInternal() || isCallTxAudioSource(sourceDesc)) ?
                                     mEngine->getStreamTypeForAttributes(sourceDesc->attributes()) :
                                     AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH;
                         patchBuilder.addSource(srcMixPortConfig);
@@ -4696,17 +4728,29 @@
                 // releaseOutput has already called closeOutput in case of direct output
                 return NO_ERROR;
             }
-            if (!outputDesc->isActive() && !sourceDesc->useSwBridge()) {
-                resetOutputDevice(outputDesc);
-            } else {
-                // Reuse patch handle if still valid / do not force rerouting if still routed
-                patchHandle = outputDesc->getPatchHandle();
-                setOutputDevices(outputDesc,
-                                 getNewOutputDevices(outputDesc, true /*fromCache*/),
-                                 patchHandle == AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE, /*force*/
-                                 0,
-                                 patchHandle == AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE ? nullptr : &patchHandle);
-            }
+            patchHandle = outputDesc->getPatchHandle();
+            // When a Sw bridge is released, the mixer used by this bridge will release its
+            // patch at AudioFlinger side. Hence, the mixer audio patch must be recreated
+            // Reuse patch handle to force audio flinger removing initial mixer patch removal
+            // updating hal patch handle (prevent leaks).
+            // While using a HwBridge, force reconsidering device only if not reusing an existing
+            // output and no more activity on output (will force to close).
+            bool force = sourceDesc->useSwBridge() ||
+                    (sourceDesc->canCloseOutput() && !outputDesc->isActive());
+            // APM pattern is to have always outputs opened / patch realized for reachable devices.
+            // Update device may result to NONE (empty), coupled with force, it releases the patch.
+            // Reconsider device only for cases:
+            //      1 / Active Output
+            //      2 / Inactive Output previously hosting HwBridge
+            //      3 / Inactive Output previously hosting SwBridge that can be closed.
+            bool updateDevice = outputDesc->isActive() || !sourceDesc->useSwBridge() ||
+                    sourceDesc->canCloseOutput();
+            setOutputDevices(outputDesc,
+                             updateDevice ? getNewOutputDevices(outputDesc, true /*fromCache*/) :
+                                            outputDesc->devices(),
+                             force,
+                             0,
+                             patchHandle == AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE ? nullptr : &patchHandle);
         } else {
             return BAD_VALUE;
         }
@@ -5353,10 +5397,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // The caller can have the devices criteria ignored by passing and empty vector, and
-    // getSpatializerOutputProfile() will ignore the devices when looking for a match.
-    // Otherwise an output profile supporting a spatializer effect that can be routed
-    // to the specified devices must exist.
     sp<IOProfile> profile =
             getSpatializerOutputProfile(config, devices);
     if (profile == nullptr) {
@@ -6317,10 +6357,10 @@
     SortedVector<audio_io_handle_t> dstOutputs = getOutputsForDevices(newDevices, mOutputs);
 
     uint32_t maxLatency = 0;
-    bool invalidate = false;
+    std::vector<sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>> invalidatedOutputs;
     // take into account dynamic audio policies related changes: if a client is now associated
     // to a different policy mix than at creation time, invalidate corresponding stream
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mPreviousOutputs.size() && !invalidate; i++) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mPreviousOutputs.size(); i++) {
         const sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>& desc = mPreviousOutputs.valueAt(i);
         if (desc->isDuplicated()) {
             continue;
@@ -6330,22 +6370,21 @@
                 continue;
             }
             sp<AudioPolicyMix> primaryMix;
-            status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(client->attributes(), client->uid(),
-                    client->flags(), primaryMix, nullptr);
+            status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(client->attributes(), client->config(),
+                    client->uid(), client->flags(), primaryMix, nullptr);
             if (status != OK) {
                 continue;
             }
             if (client->getPrimaryMix() != primaryMix || client->hasLostPrimaryMix()) {
-                invalidate = true;
-                if (desc->isStrategyActive(psId)) {
+                if (desc->isStrategyActive(psId) && maxLatency < desc->latency()) {
                     maxLatency = desc->latency();
                 }
-                break;
+                invalidatedOutputs.push_back(desc);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    if (srcOutputs != dstOutputs || invalidate) {
+    if (srcOutputs != dstOutputs || !invalidatedOutputs.empty()) {
         // get maximum latency of all source outputs to determine the minimum mute time guaranteeing
         // audio from invalidated tracks will be rendered when unmuting
         for (audio_io_handle_t srcOut : srcOutputs) {
@@ -6356,8 +6395,7 @@
                 maxLatency = desc->latency();
             }
 
-            if (invalidate) continue;
-
+            bool invalidate = false;
             for (auto client : desc->clientsList(false /*activeOnly*/)) {
                 if (desc->isDuplicated() || !desc->mProfile->isDirectOutput()) {
                     // a client on a non direct outputs has necessarily a linear PCM format
@@ -6385,21 +6423,14 @@
                     }
                 }
             }
-        }
-
-        ALOGV_IF(!(srcOutputs.isEmpty() || dstOutputs.isEmpty()),
-              "%s: strategy %d, moving from output %s to output %s", __func__, psId,
-              std::to_string(srcOutputs[0]).c_str(),
-              std::to_string(dstOutputs[0]).c_str());
-        // mute strategy while moving tracks from one output to another
-        for (audio_io_handle_t srcOut : srcOutputs) {
-            sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> desc = mPreviousOutputs.valueFor(srcOut);
-            if (desc == nullptr) continue;
-
-            if (desc->isStrategyActive(psId)) {
-                setStrategyMute(psId, true, desc);
-                setStrategyMute(psId, false, desc, maxLatency * LATENCY_MUTE_FACTOR,
-                                newDevices.types());
+            // mute strategy while moving tracks from one output to another
+            if (invalidate) {
+                invalidatedOutputs.push_back(desc);
+                if (desc->isStrategyActive(psId)) {
+                    setStrategyMute(psId, true, desc);
+                    setStrategyMute(psId, false, desc, maxLatency * LATENCY_MUTE_FACTOR,
+                                    newDevices.types());
+                }
             }
             sp<SourceClientDescriptor> source = getSourceForAttributesOnOutput(srcOut, attr);
             if (source != nullptr && !isCallRxAudioSource(source) && !source->isInternal()) {
@@ -6407,19 +6438,21 @@
             }
         }
 
+        ALOGV_IF(!(srcOutputs.isEmpty() || dstOutputs.isEmpty()),
+              "%s: strategy %d, moving from output %s to output %s", __func__, psId,
+              std::to_string(srcOutputs[0]).c_str(),
+              std::to_string(dstOutputs[0]).c_str());
+
         // Move effects associated to this stream from previous output to new output
         if (followsSameRouting(attr, attributes_initializer(AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA))) {
             selectOutputForMusicEffects();
         }
         // Move tracks associated to this stream (and linked) from previous output to new output
-        if (invalidate) {
+        if (!invalidatedOutputs.empty()) {
             for (auto stream :  mEngine->getStreamTypesForProductStrategy(psId)) {
                 mpClientInterface->invalidateStream(stream);
             }
-            for (audio_io_handle_t srcOut : srcOutputs) {
-                sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> desc = mPreviousOutputs.valueFor(srcOut);
-                if (desc == nullptr) continue;
-
+            for (sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> desc : invalidatedOutputs) {
                 desc->setTracksInvalidatedStatusByStrategy(psId);
             }
         }
@@ -6443,8 +6476,8 @@
         for (const sp<TrackClientDescriptor>& client : outputDescriptor->getClientIterable()) {
             sp<AudioPolicyMix> primaryMix;
             std::vector<sp<AudioPolicyMix>> secondaryMixes;
-            status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(client->attributes(), client->uid(),
-                    client->flags(), primaryMix, &secondaryMixes);
+            status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(client->attributes(), client->config(),
+                    client->uid(), client->flags(), primaryMix, &secondaryMixes);
             std::vector<sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor>> secondaryDescs;
             for (auto &secondaryMix : secondaryMixes) {
                 sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> outputDesc = secondaryMix->getOutput();
@@ -6702,8 +6735,8 @@
     // check dynamic policies but only for primary descriptors (secondary not used for audible
     // audio routing, only used for duplication for playback capture)
     sp<AudioPolicyMix> policyMix;
-    status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(attr, 0 /*uid unknown here*/,
-            AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE, policyMix, nullptr /* secondaryMixes */);
+    status_t status = mPolicyMixes.getOutputForAttr(attr, AUDIO_CONFIG_BASE_INITIALIZER,
+            0 /*uid unknown here*/, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE, policyMix, nullptr);
     if (status != OK) {
         return status;
     }
@@ -7480,14 +7513,18 @@
     return is_state_in_call(state);
 }
 
-bool AudioPolicyManager::isCallAudioAccessible()
-{
+bool AudioPolicyManager::isCallAudioAccessible() const {
     audio_mode_t mode = mEngine->getPhoneState();
     return (mode == AUDIO_MODE_IN_CALL)
             || (mode == AUDIO_MODE_CALL_SCREEN)
             || (mode == AUDIO_MODE_CALL_REDIRECT);
 }
 
+bool AudioPolicyManager::isInCallOrScreening() const {
+    audio_mode_t mode = mEngine->getPhoneState();
+    return isStateInCall(mode) || mode == AUDIO_MODE_CALL_SCREEN;
+}
+
 void AudioPolicyManager::cleanUpForDevice(const sp<DeviceDescriptor>& deviceDesc)
 {
     for (ssize_t i = (ssize_t)mAudioSources.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)  {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.h b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.h
index db0ee15..a69e088 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.h
@@ -602,7 +602,9 @@
         // true if given state represents a device in a telephony or VoIP call
         virtual bool isStateInCall(int state) const;
         // true if playback to call TX or capture from call RX is possible
-        bool isCallAudioAccessible();
+        bool isCallAudioAccessible() const;
+        // true if device is in a telephony or VoIP call or call screening is active
+        bool isInCallOrScreening() const;
 
         // when a device is connected, checks if an open output can be routed
         // to this device. If none is open, tries to open one of the available outputs.
@@ -639,6 +641,10 @@
             return mCallRxSourceClient != nullptr && source == mCallRxSourceClient;
         }
 
+        bool isCallTxAudioSource(const sp<SourceClientDescriptor> &source) {
+            return mCallTxSourceClient != nullptr && source == mCallTxSourceClient;
+        }
+
         void connectTelephonyRxAudioSource();
 
         void disconnectTelephonyAudioSource(sp<SourceClientDescriptor> &clientDesc);
@@ -1099,6 +1105,18 @@
                                       const audio_config_t *config,
                                       const AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector &devices) const;
 
+
+        /**
+         * @brief Gets an IOProfile for a spatializer output with the best match with
+         * provided arguments.
+         * The caller can have the devices criteria ignored by passing and empty vector, and
+         * getSpatializerOutputProfile() will ignore the devices when looking for a match.
+         * Otherwise an output profile supporting a spatializer effect that can be routed
+         * to the specified devices must exist.
+         * @param config audio configuration describing the audio format, channels, sample rate...
+         * @param devices the sink audio device selected for playback
+         * @return an IOProfile that canbe used to open a spatializer output.
+         */
         sp<IOProfile> getSpatializerOutputProfile(const audio_config_t *config,
                                                   const AudioDeviceTypeAddrVector &devices) const;
 
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
index bfce4ba..70349c2 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@
       mCaptureStateNotifier(false),
       mCreateAudioPolicyManager(createAudioPolicyManager),
       mDestroyAudioPolicyManager(destroyAudioPolicyManager) {
+      setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
 }
 
 void AudioPolicyService::loadAudioPolicyManager()
@@ -272,6 +273,11 @@
         if (hasSpatializer) {
             mSpatializer = Spatializer::create(this);
         }
+        if (mSpatializer == nullptr) {
+            // No spatializer created, signal the reason: NO_INIT a failure, OK means intended.
+            const status_t createStatus = hasSpatializer ? NO_INIT : OK;
+            Spatializer::sendEmptyCreateSpatializerMetricWithStatus(createStatus);
+        }
     }
     AudioSystem::audioPolicyReady();
 }
@@ -516,9 +522,8 @@
 
 void AudioPolicyService::doOnCheckSpatializer()
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-
-    ALOGI("%s mSpatializer %p level %d", __func__, mSpatializer.get(), (int)mSpatializer->getLevel());
+    ALOGV("%s mSpatializer %p level %d",
+        __func__, mSpatializer.get(), (int)mSpatializer->getLevel());
 
     if (mSpatializer != nullptr) {
         // Note: mSpatializer != nullptr =>  mAudioPolicyManager != nullptr
@@ -527,6 +532,8 @@
             audio_io_handle_t newOutput;
             const audio_attributes_t attr = attributes_initializer(AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA);
             audio_config_base_t config = mSpatializer->getAudioInConfig();
+
+            Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
             status_t status =
                     mAudioPolicyManager->getSpatializerOutput(&config, &attr, &newOutput);
             ALOGV("%s currentOutput %d newOutput %d channel_mask %#x",
@@ -538,21 +545,19 @@
             mLock.unlock();
             // It is OK to call detachOutput() is none is already attached.
             mSpatializer->detachOutput();
-            if (status != NO_ERROR || newOutput == AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
-                mLock.lock();
-                return;
+            if (status == NO_ERROR && newOutput != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+                status = mSpatializer->attachOutput(newOutput, numActiveTracks);
             }
-            status = mSpatializer->attachOutput(newOutput, numActiveTracks);
             mLock.lock();
             if (status != NO_ERROR) {
                 mAudioPolicyManager->releaseSpatializerOutput(newOutput);
             }
         } else if (mSpatializer->getLevel() == media::SpatializationLevel::NONE
                                && mSpatializer->getOutput() != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
-            mLock.unlock();
             audio_io_handle_t output = mSpatializer->detachOutput();
-            mLock.lock();
+
             if (output != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
+                Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
                 mAudioPolicyManager->releaseSpatializerOutput(output);
             }
         }
@@ -581,19 +586,16 @@
 
 void AudioPolicyService::doOnUpdateActiveSpatializerTracks()
 {
-    sp<Spatializer> spatializer;
+    if (mSpatializer == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    audio_io_handle_t output = mSpatializer->getOutput();
     size_t activeClients;
     {
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-        if (mSpatializer == nullptr) {
-            return;
-        }
-        spatializer = mSpatializer;
-        activeClients = countActiveClientsOnOutput_l(mSpatializer->getOutput());
+        activeClients = countActiveClientsOnOutput_l(output);
     }
-    if (spatializer != nullptr) {
-        spatializer->updateActiveTracks(activeClients);
-    }
+    mSpatializer->updateActiveTracks(activeClients);
 }
 
 status_t AudioPolicyService::clientCreateAudioPatch(const struct audio_patch *patch,
@@ -1215,6 +1217,14 @@
 
         dumpReleaseLock(mLock, locked);
 
+        if (mSpatializer != nullptr) {
+            std::string dumpString = mSpatializer->toString(1 /* level */);
+            write(fd, dumpString.c_str(), dumpString.size());
+        } else {
+            String8 spatializerPtr = String8::format("Spatializer no supportted on this device\n");
+            write(fd, spatializerPtr.c_str(), spatializerPtr.size());
+        }
+
         {
             std::string timeCheckStats = getIAudioPolicyServiceStatistics().dump();
             dprintf(fd, "\nIAudioPolicyService binder call profile\n");
@@ -1338,7 +1348,9 @@
         } else {
             getIAudioPolicyServiceStatistics().event(code, elapsedMs);
         }
-    });
+    }, mediautils::TimeCheck::kDefaultTimeoutDuration,
+    mediautils::TimeCheck::kDefaultSecondChanceDuration,
+    true /* crashOnTimeout */);
 
     switch (code) {
         case SHELL_COMMAND_TRANSACTION: {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.h b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.h
index 3a08cf8..a87d871 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.h
@@ -1060,6 +1060,7 @@
 
     CaptureStateNotifier mCaptureStateNotifier;
 
+    // created in onFirstRef() and never cleared: does not need to be guarded by mLock
     sp<Spatializer> mSpatializer;
 
     void *mLibraryHandle = nullptr;
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.cpp
index c199a76..2fe7b9e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.cpp
@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@
 ** limitations under the License.
 */
 
-
+#include <string>
 #define LOG_TAG "Spatializer"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h>
 #include <media/MediaMetricsItem.h>
 #include <media/ShmemCompat.h>
+#include <mediautils/SchedulingPolicyService.h>
 #include <mediautils/ServiceUtilities.h>
 #include <utils/Thread.h>
 
@@ -58,11 +60,13 @@
        if (!_tmp.ok()) return aidl_utils::binderStatusFromStatusT(_tmp.error()); \
        std::move(_tmp.value()); })
 
-audio_channel_mask_t getMaxChannelMask(std::vector<audio_channel_mask_t> masks) {
+static audio_channel_mask_t getMaxChannelMask(
+        const std::vector<audio_channel_mask_t>& masks, size_t channelLimit = SIZE_MAX) {
     uint32_t maxCount = 0;
     audio_channel_mask_t maxMask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_NONE;
     for (auto mask : masks) {
         const size_t count = audio_channel_count_from_out_mask(mask);
+        if (count > channelLimit) continue;  // ignore masks greater than channelLimit
         if (count > maxCount) {
             maxMask = mask;
             maxCount = count;
@@ -84,6 +88,7 @@
         kWhatOnFramesProcessed,    // AudioEffect::EVENT_FRAMES_PROCESSED
         kWhatOnHeadToStagePose,    // SpatializerPoseController::Listener::onHeadToStagePose
         kWhatOnActualModeChange,   // SpatializerPoseController::Listener::onActualModeChange
+        kWhatOnLatencyModesChanged, // Spatializer::onSupportedLatencyModesChanged
     };
     static constexpr const char *kNumFramesKey = "numFrames";
     static constexpr const char *kModeKey = "mode";
@@ -93,15 +98,35 @@
     static constexpr const char *kRotation0Key = "rotation0";
     static constexpr const char *kRotation1Key = "rotation1";
     static constexpr const char *kRotation2Key = "rotation2";
+    static constexpr const char *kLatencyModesKey = "latencyModes";
+
+    class LatencyModes : public RefBase {
+    public:
+        LatencyModes(audio_io_handle_t output,
+                const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& latencyModes)
+            : mOutput(output), mLatencyModes(latencyModes) {}
+        ~LatencyModes() = default;
+
+        audio_io_handle_t mOutput;
+        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> mLatencyModes;
+    };
 
     void onMessageReceived(const sp<AMessage> &msg) override {
+        // No ALooper method to get the tid so update
+        // Spatializer priority on the first message received.
+        std::call_once(mPrioritySetFlag, [](){
+            const pid_t pid = getpid();
+            const pid_t tid = gettid();
+            (void)requestSpatializerPriority(pid, tid);
+        });
+
+        sp<Spatializer> spatializer = mSpatializer.promote();
+        if (spatializer == nullptr) {
+            ALOGW("%s: Cannot promote spatializer", __func__);
+            return;
+        }
         switch (msg->what()) {
             case kWhatOnFramesProcessed: {
-                sp<Spatializer> spatializer = mSpatializer.promote();
-                if (spatializer == nullptr) {
-                    ALOGW("%s: Cannot promote spatializer", __func__);
-                    return;
-                }
                 int numFrames;
                 if (!msg->findInt32(kNumFramesKey, &numFrames)) {
                     ALOGE("%s: Cannot find num frames!", __func__);
@@ -112,11 +137,6 @@
                 }
                 } break;
             case kWhatOnHeadToStagePose: {
-                sp<Spatializer> spatializer = mSpatializer.promote();
-                if (spatializer == nullptr) {
-                    ALOGW("%s: Cannot promote spatializer", __func__);
-                    return;
-                }
                 std::vector<float> headToStage(sHeadPoseKeys.size());
                 for (size_t i = 0 ; i < sHeadPoseKeys.size(); i++) {
                     if (!msg->findFloat(sHeadPoseKeys[i], &headToStage[i])) {
@@ -127,24 +147,32 @@
                 spatializer->onHeadToStagePoseMsg(headToStage);
                 } break;
             case kWhatOnActualModeChange: {
-                sp<Spatializer> spatializer = mSpatializer.promote();
-                if (spatializer == nullptr) {
-                    ALOGW("%s: Cannot promote spatializer", __func__);
-                    return;
-                }
                 int mode;
-                if (!msg->findInt32(EngineCallbackHandler::kModeKey, &mode)) {
+                if (!msg->findInt32(kModeKey, &mode)) {
                     ALOGE("%s: Cannot find actualMode!", __func__);
                     return;
                 }
                 spatializer->onActualModeChangeMsg(static_cast<HeadTrackingMode>(mode));
                 } break;
+
+            case kWhatOnLatencyModesChanged: {
+                sp<RefBase> object;
+                if (!msg->findObject(kLatencyModesKey, &object)) {
+                    ALOGE("%s: Cannot find latency modes!", __func__);
+                    return;
+                }
+                sp<LatencyModes> latencyModes = static_cast<LatencyModes*>(object.get());
+                spatializer->onSupportedLatencyModesChangedMsg(
+                    latencyModes->mOutput, std::move(latencyModes->mLatencyModes));
+                } break;
+
             default:
                 LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Invalid callback message %d", msg->what());
         }
     }
 private:
     wp<Spatializer> mSpatializer;
+    std::once_flag mPrioritySetFlag;
 };
 
 const std::vector<const char *> Spatializer::sHeadPoseKeys = {
@@ -157,6 +185,41 @@
 };
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Convert recorded sensor data to string with level indentation.
+std::string Spatializer::HeadToStagePoseRecorder::toString(unsigned level) const {
+    std::string prefixSpace(level, ' ');
+    return mPoseRecordLog.dumpToString((prefixSpace + " ").c_str(), Spatializer::mMaxLocalLogLine);
+}
+
+// Compute sensor data, record into local log when it is time.
+void Spatializer::HeadToStagePoseRecorder::record(const std::vector<float>& headToStage) {
+    if (headToStage.size() != mPoseVectorSize) return;
+
+    if (mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord++ == 0) {
+        mFirstSampleTimestamp = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    }
+    // if it's time, do record and reset.
+    if (shouldRecordLog()) {
+        poseSumToAverage();
+        mPoseRecordLog.log(
+                "mean: %s, min: %s, max %s, calculated %d samples in %0.4f second(s)",
+                Spatializer::toString<double>(mPoseRadianSum, true /* radianToDegree */).c_str(),
+                Spatializer::toString<float>(mMinPoseAngle, true /* radianToDegree */).c_str(),
+                Spatializer::toString<float>(mMaxPoseAngle, true /* radianToDegree */).c_str(),
+                mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord, mNumOfSecondsSinceLastRecord.count());
+        resetRecord();
+    }
+    // update stream average.
+    for (int i = 0; i < mPoseVectorSize; i++) {
+        mPoseRadianSum[i] += headToStage[i];
+        mMaxPoseAngle[i] = std::max(mMaxPoseAngle[i], headToStage[i]);
+        mMinPoseAngle[i] = std::min(mMinPoseAngle[i], headToStage[i]);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 sp<Spatializer> Spatializer::create(SpatializerPolicyCallback *callback) {
     sp<Spatializer> spatializer;
 
@@ -176,17 +239,22 @@
     ALOG_ASSERT(!descriptors.empty(),
             "%s getDescriptors() returned no error but empty list", __func__);
 
-    //TODO: get supported spatialization modes from FX engine or descriptor
-
+    // TODO: get supported spatialization modes from FX engine or descriptor
     sp<EffectHalInterface> effect;
     status = effectsFactoryHal->createEffect(&descriptors[0].uuid, AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE,
             AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, &effect);
-    ALOGI("%s FX create status %d effect %p", __func__, status, effect.get());
+    ALOGI("%s FX create status %d effect ID %" PRId64, __func__, status,
+          effect ? effect->effectId() : 0);
 
     if (status == NO_ERROR && effect != nullptr) {
         spatializer = new Spatializer(descriptors[0], callback);
         if (spatializer->loadEngineConfiguration(effect) != NO_ERROR) {
             spatializer.clear();
+            ALOGW("%s loadEngine error: %d  effect Id %" PRId64,
+                    __func__, status, effect ? effect->effectId() : 0);
+        } else {
+            spatializer->mLocalLog.log("%s with effect Id %" PRId64, __func__,
+                                       effect ? effect->effectId() : 0);
         }
     }
 
@@ -197,6 +265,7 @@
     : mEngineDescriptor(engineDescriptor),
       mPolicyCallback(callback) {
     ALOGV("%s", __func__);
+    setMinSchedulerPolicy(SCHED_NORMAL, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
 }
 
 void Spatializer::onFirstRef() {
@@ -205,7 +274,7 @@
     mLooper->start(
             /*runOnCallingThread*/false,
             /*canCallJava*/       false,
-            PRIORITY_AUDIO);
+            PRIORITY_URGENT_AUDIO);
 
     mHandler = new EngineCallbackHandler(this);
     mLooper->registerHandler(mHandler);
@@ -221,6 +290,16 @@
     mHandler.clear();
 }
 
+static std::string channelMaskVectorToString(
+        const std::vector<audio_channel_mask_t>& masks) {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    for (const auto &mask : masks) {
+        if (ss.tellp() != 0) ss << "|";
+        ss << mask;
+    }
+    return ss.str();
+}
+
 status_t Spatializer::loadEngineConfiguration(sp<EffectHalInterface> effect) {
     ALOGV("%s", __func__);
 
@@ -268,6 +347,7 @@
         ALOGW("%s: cannot get SPATIALIZER_PARAM_SUPPORTED_SPATIALIZATION_MODES", __func__);
         return status;
     }
+
     for (const auto spatializationMode : spatializationModes) {
         if (!aidl_utils::isValidEnum(spatializationMode)) {
             ALOGW("%s: ignoring spatializationMode:%d", __func__, (int)spatializationMode);
@@ -309,7 +389,7 @@
     }
     mediametrics::LogItem(mMetricsId)
         .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT_VALUE_CREATE)
-        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASK, (int32_t)getMaxChannelMask(mChannelMasks))
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASKS, channelMaskVectorToString(mChannelMasks))
         .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_LEVELS, aidl_utils::enumsToString(mLevels))
         .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_MODES, aidl_utils::enumsToString(mSpatializationModes))
         .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKINGMODES, aidl_utils::enumsToString(mHeadTrackingModes))
@@ -318,12 +398,24 @@
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
+/* static */
+void Spatializer::sendEmptyCreateSpatializerMetricWithStatus(status_t status) {
+    mediametrics::LogItem(kDefaultMetricsId)
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT_VALUE_CREATE)
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASKS, "")
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_LEVELS, "")
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_MODES, "")
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKINGMODES, "")
+        .set(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_STATUS, (int32_t)status)
+        .record();
+}
+
 /** Gets the channel mask, sampling rate and format set for the spatializer input. */
 audio_config_base_t Spatializer::getAudioInConfig() const {
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     audio_config_base_t config = AUDIO_CONFIG_BASE_INITIALIZER;
     // For now use highest supported channel count
-    config.channel_mask = getMaxChannelMask(mChannelMasks);
+    config.channel_mask = getMaxChannelMask(mChannelMasks, FCC_LIMIT);
     return config;
 }
 
@@ -334,6 +426,17 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
+    if (mSpatializerCallback != nullptr) {
+        if (IInterface::asBinder(callback) == IInterface::asBinder(mSpatializerCallback)) {
+            ALOGW("%s: Registering callback %p again",
+                __func__, mSpatializerCallback.get());
+            return NO_ERROR;
+        }
+        ALOGE("%s: Already one client registered with callback %p",
+            __func__, mSpatializerCallback.get());
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
     sp<IBinder> binder = IInterface::asBinder(callback);
     status_t status = binder->linkToDeath(this);
     if (status == NO_ERROR) {
@@ -366,7 +469,8 @@
 }
 
 Status Spatializer::setLevel(SpatializationLevel level) {
-    ALOGV("%s level %d", __func__, (int)level);
+    ALOGV("%s level %s", __func__, media::toString(level).c_str());
+    mLocalLog.log("%s with %s", __func__, media::toString(level).c_str());
     if (level != SpatializationLevel::NONE
             && std::find(mLevels.begin(), mLevels.end(), level) == mLevels.end()) {
         return binderStatusFromStatusT(BAD_VALUE);
@@ -426,11 +530,12 @@
 }
 
 Status Spatializer::setDesiredHeadTrackingMode(SpatializerHeadTrackingMode mode) {
-    ALOGV("%s mode %d", __func__, (int)mode);
+    ALOGV("%s mode %s", __func__, media::toString(mode).c_str());
 
     if (!mSupportsHeadTracking) {
         return binderStatusFromStatusT(INVALID_OPERATION);
     }
+    mLocalLog.log("%s with %s", __func__, media::toString(mode).c_str());
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     switch (mode) {
         case SpatializerHeadTrackingMode::OTHER:
@@ -485,6 +590,7 @@
     }
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     if (mPoseController != nullptr) {
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with screenToStage %s", __func__, toString<float>(screenToStage).c_str());
         mPoseController->setScreenToStagePose(maybePose.value());
     }
     return Status::ok();
@@ -520,6 +626,7 @@
     }
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     if (mHeadSensor != sensorHandle) {
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with 0x%08x", __func__, sensorHandle);
         mHeadSensor = sensorHandle;
         checkPoseController_l();
         checkSensorsState_l();
@@ -534,6 +641,7 @@
     }
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     if (mScreenSensor != sensorHandle) {
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with 0x%08x", __func__, sensorHandle);
         mScreenSensor = sensorHandle;
         // TODO: consider a new method setHeadAndScreenSensor()
         // because we generally set both at the same time.
@@ -550,6 +658,7 @@
     }
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     mDisplayOrientation = physicalToLogicalAngle;
+    mLocalLog.log("%s with %f", __func__, physicalToLogicalAngle);
     if (mPoseController != nullptr) {
         mPoseController->setDisplayOrientation(mDisplayOrientation);
     }
@@ -564,6 +673,7 @@
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s hingeAngle %f", __func__, hingeAngle);
     if (mEngine != nullptr) {
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with %f", __func__, hingeAngle);
         setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HINGE_ANGLE, std::vector<float>{hingeAngle});
     }
     return Status::ok();
@@ -642,6 +752,17 @@
     msg->post();
 }
 
+void Spatializer::resetEngineHeadPose_l() {
+    ALOGV("%s mEngine %p", __func__, mEngine.get());
+    if (mEngine == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const std::vector<float> headToStage(6, 0.0);
+    setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEAD_TO_STAGE, headToStage);
+    setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEADTRACKING_MODE,
+            std::vector<SpatializerHeadTrackingMode>{SpatializerHeadTrackingMode::DISABLED});
+}
+
 void Spatializer::onHeadToStagePoseMsg(const std::vector<float>& headToStage) {
     ALOGV("%s", __func__);
     sp<media::ISpatializerHeadTrackingCallback> callback;
@@ -650,6 +771,8 @@
         callback = mHeadTrackingCallback;
         if (mEngine != nullptr) {
             setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEAD_TO_STAGE, headToStage);
+            mPoseRecorder.record(headToStage);
+            mPoseDurableRecorder.record(headToStage);
         }
     }
 
@@ -659,9 +782,9 @@
 }
 
 void Spatializer::onActualModeChange(HeadTrackingMode mode) {
-    ALOGV("%s(%d)", __func__, (int)mode);
-    sp<AMessage> msg =
-            new AMessage(EngineCallbackHandler::kWhatOnActualModeChange, mHandler);
+    std::string modeStr = media::toString(mode);
+    ALOGV("%s(%s)", __func__, modeStr.c_str());
+    sp<AMessage> msg = new AMessage(EngineCallbackHandler::kWhatOnActualModeChange, mHandler);
     msg->setInt32(EngineCallbackHandler::kModeKey, static_cast<int>(mode));
     msg->post();
 }
@@ -691,10 +814,16 @@
         }
         mActualHeadTrackingMode = spatializerMode;
         if (mEngine != nullptr) {
-            setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEADTRACKING_MODE,
-                                 std::vector<SpatializerHeadTrackingMode>{spatializerMode});
+            if (spatializerMode == SpatializerHeadTrackingMode::DISABLED) {
+                resetEngineHeadPose_l();
+            } else {
+                setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEADTRACKING_MODE,
+                                     std::vector<SpatializerHeadTrackingMode>{spatializerMode});
+            }
         }
         callback = mHeadTrackingCallback;
+        mLocalLog.log("%s: %s, spatializerMode %s", __func__, media::toString(mode).c_str(),
+                      media::toString(spatializerMode).c_str());
     }
     if (callback != nullptr) {
         callback->onHeadTrackingModeChanged(spatializerMode);
@@ -708,13 +837,17 @@
     {
         std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
         ALOGV("%s output %d mOutput %d", __func__, (int)output, (int)mOutput);
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with output %d tracks %zu (mOutput %d)", __func__, (int)output,
+                      numActiveTracks, (int)mOutput);
         if (mOutput != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
             LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mEngine == nullptr, "%s output set without FX engine", __func__);
             // remove FX instance
             mEngine->setEnabled(false);
             mEngine.clear();
             mPoseController.reset();
+            AudioSystem::removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(this);
         }
+
         // create FX instance on output
         AttributionSourceState attributionSource = AttributionSourceState();
         mEngine = new AudioEffect(attributionSource);
@@ -730,6 +863,13 @@
         outputChanged = mOutput != output;
         mOutput = output;
         mNumActiveTracks = numActiveTracks;
+        AudioSystem::addSupportedLatencyModesCallback(this);
+
+        std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> latencyModes;
+        status = AudioSystem::getSupportedLatencyModes(mOutput, &latencyModes);
+        if (status == OK) {
+            mSupportedLatencyModes = latencyModes;
+        }
 
         checkEngineState_l();
         if (mSupportsHeadTracking) {
@@ -752,6 +892,7 @@
 
     {
         std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
+        mLocalLog.log("%s with output %d tracks %zu", __func__, (int)mOutput, mNumActiveTracks);
         ALOGV("%s mOutput %d", __func__, (int)mOutput);
         if (mOutput == AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE) {
             return output;
@@ -759,6 +900,7 @@
         // remove FX instance
         mEngine->setEnabled(false);
         mEngine.clear();
+        AudioSystem::removeSupportedLatencyModesCallback(this);
         output = mOutput;
         mOutput = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
         mPoseController.reset();
@@ -771,9 +913,31 @@
     return output;
 }
 
+void Spatializer::onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& modes) {
+    ALOGV("%s output %d num modes %zu", __func__, (int)output, modes.size());
+    sp<AMessage> msg =
+            new AMessage(EngineCallbackHandler::kWhatOnLatencyModesChanged, mHandler);
+    msg->setObject(EngineCallbackHandler::kLatencyModesKey,
+        sp<EngineCallbackHandler::LatencyModes>::make(output, modes));
+    msg->post();
+}
+
+void Spatializer::onSupportedLatencyModesChangedMsg(
+        audio_io_handle_t output, std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>&& modes) {
+    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
+    ALOGV("%s output %d mOutput %d num modes %zu",
+            __func__, (int)output, (int)mOutput, modes.size());
+    if (output == mOutput) {
+        mSupportedLatencyModes = std::move(modes);
+        checkSensorsState_l();
+    }
+}
+
 void Spatializer::updateActiveTracks(size_t numActiveTracks) {
     std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
     if (mNumActiveTracks != numActiveTracks) {
+        mLocalLog.log("%s from %zu to %zu", __func__, mNumActiveTracks, numActiveTracks);
         mNumActiveTracks = numActiveTracks;
         checkEngineState_l();
         checkSensorsState_l();
@@ -781,17 +945,40 @@
 }
 
 void Spatializer::checkSensorsState_l() {
-    if (mSupportsHeadTracking && mPoseController != nullptr) {
-        if (mNumActiveTracks > 0 && mLevel != SpatializationLevel::NONE
-            && mDesiredHeadTrackingMode != HeadTrackingMode::STATIC
-            && mHeadSensor != SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR) {
-            mPoseController->setHeadSensor(mHeadSensor);
-            mPoseController->setScreenSensor(mScreenSensor);
+    audio_latency_mode_t requestedLatencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_FREE;
+    const bool supportsSetLatencyMode = !mSupportedLatencyModes.empty();
+    const bool supportsLowLatencyMode = supportsSetLatencyMode && std::find(
+            mSupportedLatencyModes.begin(), mSupportedLatencyModes.end(),
+            AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW) != mSupportedLatencyModes.end();
+    if (mSupportsHeadTracking) {
+        if (mPoseController != nullptr) {
+            // TODO(b/253297301, b/255433067) reenable low latency condition check
+            // for Head Tracking after Bluetooth HAL supports it correctly.
+            if (mNumActiveTracks > 0 && mLevel != SpatializationLevel::NONE
+                && mDesiredHeadTrackingMode != HeadTrackingMode::STATIC
+                && mHeadSensor != SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR) {
+                if (mEngine != nullptr) {
+                    setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEADTRACKING_MODE,
+                            std::vector<SpatializerHeadTrackingMode>{mActualHeadTrackingMode});
+                }
+                mPoseController->setHeadSensor(mHeadSensor);
+                mPoseController->setScreenSensor(mScreenSensor);
+                if (supportsLowLatencyMode) requestedLatencyMode = AUDIO_LATENCY_MODE_LOW;
+            } else {
+                mPoseController->setHeadSensor(SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR);
+                mPoseController->setScreenSensor(SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR);
+                resetEngineHeadPose_l();
+            }
         } else {
-            mPoseController->setHeadSensor(SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR);
-            mPoseController->setScreenSensor(SpatializerPoseController::INVALID_SENSOR);
+            resetEngineHeadPose_l();
         }
     }
+    if (mOutput != AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE && supportsSetLatencyMode) {
+        const status_t status =
+                AudioSystem::setRequestedLatencyMode(mOutput, requestedLatencyMode);
+        ALOGD("%s: setRequestedLatencyMode for output thread(%d) to %s returned %d",
+                __func__, mOutput, toString(requestedLatencyMode).c_str(), status);
+    }
 }
 
 void Spatializer::checkEngineState_l() {
@@ -800,8 +987,6 @@
             mEngine->setEnabled(true);
             setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_LEVEL,
                     std::vector<SpatializationLevel>{mLevel});
-            setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_HEADTRACKING_MODE,
-                    std::vector<SpatializerHeadTrackingMode>{mActualHeadTrackingMode});
         } else {
             setEffectParameter_l(SPATIALIZER_PARAM_LEVEL,
                     std::vector<SpatializationLevel>{SpatializationLevel::NONE});
@@ -823,6 +1008,7 @@
         mPoseController->setDisplayOrientation(mDisplayOrientation);
     } else if (!isControllerNeeded && mPoseController != nullptr) {
         mPoseController.reset();
+        resetEngineHeadPose_l();
     }
     if (mPoseController != nullptr) {
         mPoseController->setDesiredMode(mDesiredHeadTrackingMode);
@@ -861,4 +1047,80 @@
     msg->post();
 }
 
+std::string Spatializer::toString(unsigned level) const {
+    std::string prefixSpace;
+    prefixSpace.append(level, ' ');
+    std::string ss = prefixSpace + "Spatializer:\n";
+    bool needUnlock = false;
+
+    prefixSpace += ' ';
+    if (!mLock.try_lock()) {
+        // dumpsys even try_lock failed, information dump can be useful although may not accurate
+        ss.append(prefixSpace).append("try_lock failed, dumpsys below maybe INACCURATE!\n");
+    } else {
+        needUnlock = true;
+    }
+
+    // Spatializer class information.
+    // 1. Capabilities (mLevels, mHeadTrackingModes, mSpatializationModes, mChannelMasks, etc)
+    ss.append(prefixSpace).append("Supported levels: [");
+    for (auto& level : mLevels) {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, " %s", media::toString(level).c_str());
+    }
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "], mLevel: %s", media::toString(mLevel).c_str());
+
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "\n%smHeadTrackingModes: [", prefixSpace.c_str());
+    for (auto& mode : mHeadTrackingModes) {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, " %s", media::toString(mode).c_str());
+    }
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "], Desired: %s, Actual %s\n",
+                        media::toString(mDesiredHeadTrackingMode).c_str(),
+                        media::toString(mActualHeadTrackingMode).c_str());
+
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%smSpatializationModes: [", prefixSpace.c_str());
+    for (auto& mode : mSpatializationModes) {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, " %s", media::toString(mode).c_str());
+    }
+    ss += "]\n";
+
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%smChannelMasks: ", prefixSpace.c_str());
+    for (auto& mask : mChannelMasks) {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%s", audio_channel_out_mask_to_string(mask));
+    }
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "\n%smSupportsHeadTracking: %s\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                        mSupportsHeadTracking ? "true" : "false");
+    // 2. Settings (Output, tracks)
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%smNumActiveTracks: %zu\n", prefixSpace.c_str(), mNumActiveTracks);
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%sOutputStreamHandle: %d\n", prefixSpace.c_str(), (int)mOutput);
+
+    // 3. Sensors, Effect information.
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%sHeadSensorHandle: 0x%08x\n", prefixSpace.c_str(), mHeadSensor);
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%sScreenSensorHandle: 0x%08x\n", prefixSpace.c_str(), mScreenSensor);
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%sEffectHandle: %p\n", prefixSpace.c_str(), mEngine.get());
+    base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%sDisplayOrientation: %f\n", prefixSpace.c_str(),
+                        mDisplayOrientation);
+
+    ss.append(prefixSpace + "CommandLog:\n");
+    ss += mLocalLog.dumpToString((prefixSpace + " ").c_str(), mMaxLocalLogLine);
+
+    // PostController dump.
+    if (mPoseController != nullptr) {
+        ss += mPoseController->toString(level + 1);
+        ss.append(prefixSpace +
+                  "Sensor data format - [rx, ry, rz, vx, vy, vz] (units-degree, "
+                  "r-transform, v-angular velocity, x-pitch, y-roll, z-yaw):\n");
+        ss.append(prefixSpace + " PerMinuteHistory:\n");
+        ss += mPoseDurableRecorder.toString(level + 1);
+        ss.append(prefixSpace + " PerSecondHistory:\n");
+        ss += mPoseRecorder.toString(level + 1);
+    } else {
+        ss.append(prefixSpace).append("SpatializerPoseController not exist\n");
+    }
+
+    if (needUnlock) {
+        mLock.unlock();
+    }
+    return ss;
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.h b/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.h
index 29f4b08..7415b1e 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/Spatializer.h
@@ -17,15 +17,19 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_MEDIA_SPATIALIZER_H
 #define ANDROID_MEDIA_SPATIALIZER_H
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android/media/BnEffect.h>
 #include <android/media/BnSpatializer.h>
 #include <android/media/SpatializationLevel.h>
 #include <android/media/SpatializationMode.h>
 #include <android/media/SpatializerHeadTrackingMode.h>
+#include <audio_utils/SimpleLog.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <media/AudioEffect.h>
 #include <media/audiohal/EffectHalInterface.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/ALooper.h>
-#include <media/AudioEffect.h>
 #include <system/audio_effects/effect_spatializer.h>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "SpatializerPoseController.h"
 
@@ -85,7 +89,8 @@
  */
 class Spatializer : public media::BnSpatializer,
                     public IBinder::DeathRecipient,
-                    private SpatializerPoseController::Listener {
+                    private SpatializerPoseController::Listener,
+                    public virtual AudioSystem::SupportedLatencyModesCallback {
   public:
     static sp<Spatializer> create(SpatializerPolicyCallback *callback);
 
@@ -122,6 +127,10 @@
     /** IBinder::DeathRecipient. Listen to the death of the INativeSpatializerCallback. */
     virtual void binderDied(const wp<IBinder>& who);
 
+    /** SupportedLatencyModesCallback */
+    void onSupportedLatencyModesChanged(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, const std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>& modes) override;
+
     /** Registers a INativeSpatializerCallback when a client is attached to this Spatializer
      * by audio policy service.
      */
@@ -150,6 +159,46 @@
 
     void calculateHeadPose();
 
+    /** Convert fields in Spatializer and sub-modules to a string. Disable thread-safety-analysis
+     * here because we want to dump mutex guarded members even try_lock failed to provide as much
+     * information as possible for debugging purpose. */
+    std::string toString(unsigned level) const NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
+
+    static std::string toString(audio_latency_mode_t mode) {
+        // We convert to the AIDL type to print (eventually the legacy type will be removed).
+        const auto result = legacy2aidl_audio_latency_mode_t_LatencyMode(mode);
+        return result.has_value() ? media::toString(*result) : "unknown_latency_mode";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Format head to stage vector to a string, [0.00, 0.00, 0.00, -1.29, -0.50, 15.27].
+     */
+    template <typename T>
+    static std::string toString(const std::vector<T>& vec, bool radianToDegree = false) {
+        if (vec.size() == 0) {
+            return "[]";
+        }
+
+        std::string ss = "[";
+        for (auto f = vec.begin(); f != vec.end(); ++f) {
+            if (f != vec.begin()) {
+                ss .append(", ");
+            }
+            if (radianToDegree) {
+                base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%0.2f", HeadToStagePoseRecorder::getDegreeWithRadian(*f));
+            } else {
+                base::StringAppendF(&ss, "%f", *f);
+            }
+        }
+        ss.append("]");
+        return ss;
+    };
+
+    // If the Spatializer is not created, we send the status for metrics purposes.
+    // OK:      Spatializer not expected to be created.
+    // NO_INIT: Spatializer creation failed.
+    static void sendEmptyCreateSpatializerMetricWithStatus(status_t status);
+
 private:
     Spatializer(effect_descriptor_t engineDescriptor,
                      SpatializerPolicyCallback *callback);
@@ -162,6 +211,8 @@
 
     void onHeadToStagePoseMsg(const std::vector<float>& headToStage);
     void onActualModeChangeMsg(media::HeadTrackingMode mode);
+    void onSupportedLatencyModesChangedMsg(
+            audio_io_handle_t output, std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t>&& modes);
 
     static constexpr int kMaxEffectParamValues = 10;
     /**
@@ -295,13 +346,21 @@
      */
     void checkEngineState_l() REQUIRES(mLock);
 
+    /**
+     * Reset head tracking mode and recenter pose in engine: Called when the head tracking
+     * is disabled.
+     */
+    void resetEngineHeadPose_l() REQUIRES(mLock);
+
     /** Effect engine descriptor */
     const effect_descriptor_t mEngineDescriptor;
     /** Callback interface to parent audio policy service */
     SpatializerPolicyCallback* const mPolicyCallback;
 
     /** Currently there is only one version of the spatializer running */
-    const std::string mMetricsId = AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER "0";
+    static constexpr const char* kDefaultMetricsId =
+            AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER "0";
+    const std::string mMetricsId = kDefaultMetricsId;
 
     /** Mutex protecting internal state */
     mutable std::mutex mLock;
@@ -354,10 +413,105 @@
     sp<EngineCallbackHandler> mHandler;
 
     size_t mNumActiveTracks GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
+    std::vector<audio_latency_mode_t> mSupportedLatencyModes GUARDED_BY(mLock);
 
-    static const std::vector<const char *> sHeadPoseKeys;
-};
+    static const std::vector<const char*> sHeadPoseKeys;
 
+    // Local log for command messages.
+    static constexpr int mMaxLocalLogLine = 10;
+    SimpleLog mLocalLog{mMaxLocalLogLine};
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Calculate and record sensor data.
+     * Dump to local log with max/average pose angle every mPoseRecordThreshold.
+     */
+    class HeadToStagePoseRecorder {
+      public:
+        HeadToStagePoseRecorder(std::chrono::duration<double> threshold, int maxLogLine)
+            : mPoseRecordThreshold(threshold), mPoseRecordLog(maxLogLine) {
+            resetRecord();
+        }
+
+        /** Convert recorded sensor data to string with level indentation */
+        std::string toString(unsigned level) const;
+
+        /**
+         * @brief Calculate sensor data, record into local log when it is time.
+         *
+         * @param headToStage The vector from Pose3f::toVector().
+         */
+        void record(const std::vector<float>& headToStage);
+
+        static constexpr float getDegreeWithRadian(const float radian) {
+            float radianToDegreeRatio = (180 / PI);
+            return (radian * radianToDegreeRatio);
+        }
+
+      private:
+        static constexpr float PI = M_PI;
+        /**
+         * Pose recorder time threshold to record sensor data in local log.
+         * Sensor data will be recorded into log at least every mPoseRecordThreshold.
+         */
+        std::chrono::duration<double> mPoseRecordThreshold;
+        // Number of seconds pass since last record.
+        std::chrono::duration<double> mNumOfSecondsSinceLastRecord;
+        /**
+         * According to frameworks/av/media/libheadtracking/include/media/Pose.h
+         * "The vector will have exactly 6 elements, where the first three are a translation vector
+         * and the last three are a rotation vector."
+         */
+        static constexpr size_t mPoseVectorSize = 6;
+        /**
+         * Timestamp of last sensor data record in local log.
+         */
+        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> mFirstSampleTimestamp;
+        /**
+         * Number of sensor samples received since last record, sample rate is ~100Hz which produce
+         * ~6k samples/minute.
+         */
+        uint32_t mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord = 0;
+        /* The sum of pose angle represented by radian since last dump, div
+         * mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord to get arithmetic mean. Largest possible value: 2PI * 100Hz *
+         * mPoseRecordThreshold.
+         */
+        std::vector<double> mPoseRadianSum;
+        std::vector<float> mMaxPoseAngle;
+        std::vector<float> mMinPoseAngle;
+        // Local log for history sensor data.
+        SimpleLog mPoseRecordLog{mMaxLocalLogLine};
+
+        bool shouldRecordLog() {
+            mNumOfSecondsSinceLastRecord = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
+                    std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - mFirstSampleTimestamp);
+            return mNumOfSecondsSinceLastRecord >= mPoseRecordThreshold;
+        }
+
+        void resetRecord() {
+            mPoseRadianSum.assign(mPoseVectorSize, 0);
+            mMaxPoseAngle.assign(mPoseVectorSize, -PI);
+            mMinPoseAngle.assign(mPoseVectorSize, PI);
+            mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord = 0;
+            mNumOfSecondsSinceLastRecord = std::chrono::seconds(0);
+        }
+
+        // Add each sample to sum and only calculate when record.
+        void poseSumToAverage() {
+            if (mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord == 0) return;
+            for (auto& p : mPoseRadianSum) {
+                const float reciprocal = 1.f / mNumOfSampleSinceLastRecord;
+                p *= reciprocal;
+            }
+        }
+    };  // HeadToStagePoseRecorder
+
+    // Record one log line per second (up to mMaxLocalLogLine) to capture most recent sensor data.
+    HeadToStagePoseRecorder mPoseRecorder GUARDED_BY(mLock) =
+            HeadToStagePoseRecorder(std::chrono::seconds(1), mMaxLocalLogLine);
+    // Record one log line per minute (up to mMaxLocalLogLine) to capture durable sensor data.
+    HeadToStagePoseRecorder mPoseDurableRecorder GUARDED_BY(mLock) =
+            HeadToStagePoseRecorder(std::chrono::minutes(1), mMaxLocalLogLine);
+};  // Spatializer
 
 }; // namespace android
 
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.cpp
index 304d44a..ab1b6f7 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 #include "SpatializerPoseController.h"
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
 
 #define LOG_TAG "SpatializerPoseController"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@
 constexpr float kMaxTranslationalVelocity = 2;
 
 // This is how fast, in rad/s, we allow rotation angle to shift during rate-limiting.
-constexpr float kMaxRotationalVelocity = 8;
+constexpr float kMaxRotationalVelocity = 0.8f;
 
 // This is how far into the future we predict the head pose, using linear extrapolation based on
 // twist (velocity). It should be set to a value that matches the characteristic durations of moving
@@ -48,7 +52,9 @@
 constexpr auto kPredictionDuration = 50ms;
 
 // After not getting a pose sample for this long, we would treat the measurement as stale.
-constexpr auto kFreshnessTimeout = 50ms;
+// The max connection interval is 50ms, and HT sensor event interval can differ depending on the
+// sampling rate, scheduling, sensor eventQ FIFO etc. 120 (2 * 50 + 20) ms seems reasonable for now.
+constexpr auto kFreshnessTimeout = 120ms;
 
 // Auto-recenter kicks in after the head has been still for this long.
 constexpr auto kAutoRecenterWindowDuration = 6s;
@@ -61,13 +67,13 @@
 
 // Screen is considered to be unstable (not still) if it has moved significantly within the last
 // time window of this duration.
-constexpr auto kScreenStillnessWindowDuration = 3s;
+constexpr auto kScreenStillnessWindowDuration = 750ms;
 
 // Screen is considered to have moved significantly if translated by this much (in meter, approx).
 constexpr float kScreenStillnessTranslationThreshold = 0.1f;
 
 // Screen is considered to have moved significantly if rotated by this much (in radians, approx).
-constexpr float kScreenStillnessRotationThreshold = 7.0f / 180 * M_PI;
+constexpr float kScreenStillnessRotationThreshold = 15.0f / 180 * M_PI;
 
 // Time units for system clock ticks. This is what the Sensor Framework timestamps represent and
 // what we use for pose filtering.
@@ -100,7 +106,10 @@
               .screenStillnessRotationalThreshold = kScreenStillnessRotationThreshold,
       })),
       mPoseProvider(SensorPoseProvider::create("headtracker", this)),
-      mThread([this, maxUpdatePeriod] {
+      mThread([this, maxUpdatePeriod] { // It's important that mThread is initialized after
+                                        // everything else because it runs a member
+                                        // function that may use any member
+                                        // of this class.
           while (true) {
               Pose3f headToStage;
               std::optional<HeadTrackingMode> modeIfChanged;
@@ -183,7 +192,7 @@
         mHeadSensor = INVALID_SENSOR;
     }
 
-    mProcessor->recenter(true /* recenterHead */, false /* recenterScreen */);
+    mProcessor->recenter(true /* recenterHead */, false /* recenterScreen */, __func__);
 }
 
 void SpatializerPoseController::setScreenSensor(int32_t sensor) {
@@ -220,7 +229,7 @@
         mScreenSensor = INVALID_SENSOR;
     }
 
-    mProcessor->recenter(false /* recenterHead */, true /* recenterScreen */);
+    mProcessor->recenter(false /* recenterHead */, true /* recenterScreen */, __func__);
 }
 
 void SpatializerPoseController::setDesiredMode(HeadTrackingMode mode) {
@@ -267,7 +276,7 @@
 
 void SpatializerPoseController::recenter() {
     std::lock_guard lock(mMutex);
-    mProcessor->recenter();
+    mProcessor->recenter(true /* recenterHead */, true /* recenterScreen */, __func__);
 }
 
 void SpatializerPoseController::onPose(int64_t timestamp, int32_t sensor, const Pose3f& pose,
@@ -277,15 +286,69 @@
         mProcessor->setWorldToHeadPose(timestamp, pose,
                                        twist.value_or(Twist3f()) / kTicksPerSecond);
         if (isNewReference) {
-            mProcessor->recenter(true, false);
+            mProcessor->recenter(true, false, __func__);
         }
     }
     if (sensor == mScreenSensor) {
         mProcessor->setWorldToScreenPose(timestamp, pose);
         if (isNewReference) {
-            mProcessor->recenter(false, true);
+            mProcessor->recenter(false, true, __func__);
         }
     }
 }
 
+std::string SpatializerPoseController::toString(unsigned level) const {
+    std::string prefixSpace;
+    prefixSpace.append(level, ' ');
+    std::string ss = prefixSpace + "SpatializerPoseController:\n";
+    bool needUnlock = false;
+
+    prefixSpace += ' ';
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    if (!mMutex.try_lock_until(now + media::kSpatializerDumpSysTimeOutInSecond)) {
+        ss.append(prefixSpace).append("try_lock failed, dumpsys maybe INACCURATE!\n");
+    } else {
+        needUnlock = true;
+    }
+
+    ss += prefixSpace;
+    if (mHeadSensor == INVALID_SENSOR) {
+        ss += "HeadSensor: INVALID\n";
+    } else {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, "HeadSensor: 0x%08x\n", mHeadSensor);
+    }
+
+    ss += prefixSpace;
+    if (mScreenSensor == INVALID_SENSOR) {
+        ss += "ScreenSensor: INVALID\n";
+    } else {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, "ScreenSensor: 0x%08x\n", mScreenSensor);
+    }
+
+    ss += prefixSpace;
+    if (mActualMode.has_value()) {
+        base::StringAppendF(&ss, "ActualMode: %s\n", media::toString(mActualMode.value()).c_str());
+    } else {
+        ss += "ActualMode NOTEXIST\n";
+    }
+
+    if (mProcessor) {
+        ss += mProcessor->toString_l(level + 1);
+    } else {
+        ss.append(prefixSpace.c_str()).append("HeadTrackingProcessor not exist\n");
+    }
+
+    if (mPoseProvider) {
+        ss += mPoseProvider->toString(level + 1);
+    } else {
+        ss.append(prefixSpace.c_str()).append("SensorPoseProvider not exist\n");
+    }
+
+    if (needUnlock) {
+        mMutex.unlock();
+    }
+    // TODO: 233092747 add history sensor info with SimpleLog.
+    return ss;
+}
+
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.h b/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.h
index 2c6d79a..233f94c 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/SpatializerPoseController.h
@@ -113,8 +113,11 @@
      */
     void waitUntilCalculated();
 
+    // convert fields to a printable string
+    std::string toString(unsigned level) const;
+
   private:
-    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::timed_mutex mMutex;
     Listener* const mListener;
     const std::chrono::microseconds mSensorPeriod;
     // Order matters for the following two members to ensure correct destruction.
@@ -123,12 +126,15 @@
     int32_t mHeadSensor = media::SensorPoseProvider::INVALID_HANDLE;
     int32_t mScreenSensor = media::SensorPoseProvider::INVALID_HANDLE;
     std::optional<media::HeadTrackingMode> mActualMode;
-    std::thread mThread;
-    std::condition_variable mCondVar;
+    std::condition_variable_any mCondVar;
     bool mShouldCalculate = true;
     bool mShouldExit = false;
     bool mCalculated = false;
 
+    // It's important that mThread is the last variable in this class
+    // since we starts mThread in initializer list
+    std::thread mThread;
+
     void onPose(int64_t timestamp, int32_t sensor, const media::Pose3f& pose,
                 const std::optional<media::Twist3f>& twist, bool isNewReference) override;
 
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
index 5429176..43b1a2a 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/tests/audiopolicymanager_tests.cpp
@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@
 
     std::unique_ptr<AudioPolicyManagerTestClient> mClient;
     std::unique_ptr<AudioPolicyTestManager> mManager;
+
+    const uint32_t k48000SamplingRate = 48000;
 };
 
 void AudioPolicyManagerTest::SetUp() {
@@ -414,11 +416,11 @@
     AudioPolicyConfig& config = mManager->getConfig();
     mMsdOutputDevice = new DeviceDescriptor(AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS);
     sp<AudioProfile> pcmOutputProfile = new AudioProfile(
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate);
     sp<AudioProfile> ac3OutputProfile = new AudioProfile(
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, k48000SamplingRate);
     sp<AudioProfile> iec958OutputProfile = new AudioProfile(
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC60958, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC60958, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate);
     mMsdOutputDevice->addAudioProfile(pcmOutputProfile);
     mMsdOutputDevice->addAudioProfile(ac3OutputProfile);
     mMsdOutputDevice->addAudioProfile(iec958OutputProfile);
@@ -473,7 +475,7 @@
     // Add a profile with another encoding to the default device to test routing
     // of streams that are not supported by MSD.
     sp<AudioProfile> dtsOutputProfile = new AudioProfile(
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, k48000SamplingRate);
     config.getDefaultOutputDevice()->addAudioProfile(dtsOutputProfile);
     sp<OutputProfile> primaryEncodedOutputProfile = new OutputProfile("encoded");
     primaryEncodedOutputProfile->addAudioProfile(dtsOutputProfile);
@@ -491,7 +493,7 @@
     // Add HDMI input device with IEC60958 profile for HDMI in -> MSD patching.
     mHdmiInputDevice = new DeviceDescriptor(AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI);
     sp<AudioProfile> iec958InputProfile = new AudioProfile(
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC60958, AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC60958, AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate);
     mHdmiInputDevice->addAudioProfile(iec958InputProfile);
     config.addDevice(mHdmiInputDevice);
     sp<InputProfile> hdmiInputProfile = new InputProfile("hdmi input");
@@ -556,8 +558,8 @@
 TEST_P(AudioPolicyManagerTestMsd, GetOutputForAttrEncodedRoutesToMsd) {
     const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
     audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
-    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
     ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
     ASSERT_EQ(mExpectedAudioPatchCount, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
 }
@@ -566,7 +568,7 @@
     const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
     audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate);
     ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
     ASSERT_EQ(mExpectedAudioPatchCount, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
 }
@@ -574,13 +576,13 @@
 TEST_P(AudioPolicyManagerTestMsd, GetOutputForAttrEncodedPlusPcmRoutesToMsd) {
     const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
     audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
-    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
     ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
     ASSERT_EQ(mExpectedAudioPatchCount, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
     selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, 48000);
+            AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate);
     ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
     ASSERT_EQ(mExpectedAudioPatchCount, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
 }
@@ -588,8 +590,8 @@
 TEST_P(AudioPolicyManagerTestMsd, GetOutputForAttrUnsupportedFormatBypassesMsd) {
     const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
     audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
-    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-            AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
     ASSERT_NE(selectedDeviceId, mMsdOutputDevice->getId());
     ASSERT_EQ(0, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
 }
@@ -600,9 +602,8 @@
         const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
         audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
         audio_port_handle_t portId;
-        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-                AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT,
-                nullptr /*output*/, &portId);
+        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+                k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT, nullptr /*output*/, &portId);
         ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
         ASSERT_EQ(mExpectedAudioPatchCount, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
         mManager->releaseOutput(portId);
@@ -612,9 +613,8 @@
         const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
         audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
         audio_port_handle_t portId;
-        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-                AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT,
-                nullptr /*output*/, &portId);
+        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+                k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT, nullptr /*output*/, &portId);
         ASSERT_NE(selectedDeviceId, mMsdOutputDevice->getId());
         ASSERT_EQ(-static_cast<int>(mExpectedAudioPatchCount), patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
         mManager->releaseOutput(portId);
@@ -623,8 +623,8 @@
     {
         const PatchCountCheck patchCount = snapshotPatchCount();
         audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
-        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId,
-                AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, 48000, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
+        getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+                k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT);
         ASSERT_EQ(selectedDeviceId, mDefaultOutputDevice->getId());
         ASSERT_EQ(0, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
     }
@@ -653,8 +653,8 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC60958, patch->mPatch.sinks[0].format);
     ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, patch->mPatch.sources[0].channel_mask);
     ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, patch->mPatch.sinks[0].channel_mask);
-    ASSERT_EQ(48000, patch->mPatch.sources[0].sample_rate);
-    ASSERT_EQ(48000, patch->mPatch.sinks[0].sample_rate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(k48000SamplingRate, patch->mPatch.sources[0].sample_rate);
+    ASSERT_EQ(k48000SamplingRate, patch->mPatch.sinks[0].sample_rate);
     ASSERT_EQ(1, patchCount.deltaFromSnapshot());
 }
 
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@
     clearPolicyMix();
     audioConfig.channel_mask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
     audioConfig.format = AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT;
-    audioConfig.sample_rate = 48000;
+    audioConfig.sample_rate = k48000SamplingRate;
     ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK,
             AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX, mMixAddress, audioConfig,
             std::vector<PolicyMixTuple>());
@@ -1035,7 +1035,7 @@
 
     audioConfig.channel_mask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
     audioConfig.format = AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT;
-    audioConfig.sample_rate = 48000;
+    audioConfig.sample_rate = k48000SamplingRate;
     ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK,
             AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX, mMixAddress, audioConfig,
             std::vector<PolicyMixTuple>());
@@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
     audio_config_t audioConfig = AUDIO_CONFIG_INITIALIZER;
     audioConfig.channel_mask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
     audioConfig.format = AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT;
-    audioConfig.sample_rate = 48000;
+    audioConfig.sample_rate = k48000SamplingRate;
     ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK,
             AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX, "", audioConfig, std::vector<PolicyMixTuple>());
     ASSERT_EQ(INVALID_OPERATION, ret);
@@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@
     audio_config_t audioConfig = AUDIO_CONFIG_INITIALIZER;
     audioConfig.channel_mask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
     audioConfig.format = AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT;
-    audioConfig.sample_rate = 48000;
+    audioConfig.sample_rate = k48000SamplingRate;
     status_t ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK,
             AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX, mMixAddress, audioConfig, mUsageRules);
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, ret);
@@ -1323,7 +1323,7 @@
     std::string tags = "addr=" + mMixAddress;
     strncpy(attr.tags, tags.c_str(), AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE - 1);
     getInputForAttr(attr, mTracker->getRiid(), &selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT,
-            AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, 48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE, &mPortId);
+            AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE, &mPortId);
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, mManager->startInput(mPortId));
     ASSERT_EQ(extractionPort.id, selectedDeviceId);
 
@@ -1350,8 +1350,8 @@
 
     audio_port_handle_t playbackRoutedPortId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     getOutputForAttr(&playbackRoutedPortId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,
-            48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
-            nullptr /*output*/, nullptr /*portId*/, attr);
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE, nullptr /*output*/, nullptr /*portId*/,
+            attr);
     if (std::find_if(begin(mUsageRules), end(mUsageRules), [&usage](const auto &usageRule) {
             return (std::get<0>(usageRule) == usage) &&
             (std::get<2>(usageRule) == RULE_MATCH_ATTRIBUTE_USAGE);}) != end(mUsageRules) ||
@@ -1493,7 +1493,7 @@
     audio_config_t audioConfig = AUDIO_CONFIG_INITIALIZER;
     audioConfig.channel_mask = AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
     audioConfig.format = AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT;
-    audioConfig.sample_rate = 48000;
+    audioConfig.sample_rate = k48000SamplingRate;
     status_t ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_RECORDERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_LOOP_BACK,
             AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX, mMixAddress, audioConfig, mSourceRules);
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, ret);
@@ -1509,7 +1509,7 @@
     std::string tags = std::string("addr=") + mMixAddress;
     strncpy(attr.tags, tags.c_str(), AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE - 1);
     getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,
-            48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE, nullptr /*output*/, &mPortId, attr);
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE, nullptr /*output*/, &mPortId, attr);
     ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, mManager->startOutput(mPortId));
     ASSERT_EQ(injectionPort.id, getDeviceIdFromPatch(mClient->getLastAddedPatch()));
 
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@
     audio_port_handle_t captureRoutedPortId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     audio_port_handle_t portId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     getInputForAttr(attr, mTracker->getRiid(), &captureRoutedPortId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT,
-            AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, 48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE, &portId);
+            AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE, &portId);
     if (std::find_if(begin(mSourceRules), end(mSourceRules), [&source](const auto &sourceRule) {
             return (std::get<1>(sourceRule) == source) &&
             (std::get<2>(sourceRule) == RULE_MATCH_ATTRIBUTE_CAPTURE_PRESET);})
@@ -1687,11 +1687,11 @@
     // Try start input or output according to the device type
     if (audio_is_output_devices(type)) {
         getOutputForAttr(&routedPortId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,
-                48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE);
+                k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE);
     } else if (audio_is_input_device(type)) {
         RecordingActivityTracker tracker;
         getInputForAttr({}, tracker.getRiid(), &routedPortId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT,
-                AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, 48000 /*sampleRate*/, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE);
+                AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO, k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE);
     }
     ASSERT_EQ(devicePort.id, routedPortId);
 
@@ -1715,6 +1715,57 @@
                 )
         );
 
+class AudioPolicyManagerCarTest : public AudioPolicyManagerTestDynamicPolicy {
+protected:
+    std::string getConfigFile() override { return sCarConfig; }
+
+    static const std::string sCarConfig;
+};
+
+const std::string AudioPolicyManagerCarTest::sCarConfig =
+        AudioPolicyManagerCarTest::sExecutableDir + "test_car_ap_atmos_offload_configuration.xml";
+
+TEST_F(AudioPolicyManagerCarTest, InitSuccess) {
+    // SetUp must finish with no assertions.
+}
+
+TEST_F(AudioPolicyManagerCarTest, Dump) {
+    dumpToLog();
+}
+
+TEST_F(AudioPolicyManagerCarTest, GetOutputForAttrAtmosOutputAfterRegisteringPolicyMix) {
+    status_t ret;
+    audio_config_t audioConfig = AUDIO_CONFIG_INITIALIZER;
+    const std::string kTestBusMediaOutput = "bus0_media_out";
+    ret = addPolicyMix(MIX_TYPE_PLAYERS, MIX_ROUTE_FLAG_RENDER,
+            AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS, kTestBusMediaOutput, audioConfig, std::vector<PolicyMixTuple>());
+    ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, ret);
+
+    audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
+    audio_io_handle_t output;
+    audio_port_handle_t portId;
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_E_AC3_JOC, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1,
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT, &output, &portId);
+    ASSERT_NE(AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, selectedDeviceId);
+    sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> outDesc = mManager->getOutputs().valueFor(output);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outDesc.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_FORMAT_E_AC3_JOC, outDesc->getFormat());
+    ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1, outDesc->getChannelMask());
+    ASSERT_EQ(k48000SamplingRate, outDesc->getSamplingRate());
+
+    selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
+    output = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
+    portId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_7POINT1POINT4,
+            k48000SamplingRate, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT, &output, &portId);
+    ASSERT_NE(AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, selectedDeviceId);
+    outDesc = mManager->getOutputs().valueFor(output);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outDesc.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, outDesc->getFormat());
+    ASSERT_EQ(AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_7POINT1POINT4, outDesc->getChannelMask());
+    ASSERT_EQ(k48000SamplingRate, outDesc->getSamplingRate());
+}
+
 class AudioPolicyManagerTVTest : public AudioPolicyManagerTestWithConfigurationFile {
 protected:
     std::string getConfigFile() override { return sTvConfig; }
@@ -1735,8 +1786,8 @@
     audio_port_handle_t selectedDeviceId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE;
     audio_io_handle_t output;
     audio_port_handle_t portId;
-    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO, 48000,
-            flags, &output, &portId);
+    getOutputForAttr(&selectedDeviceId, AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT, AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,
+            k48000SamplingRate, flags, &output, &portId);
     sp<SwAudioOutputDescriptor> outDesc = mManager->getOutputs().valueFor(output);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outDesc.get());
     audio_port_v7 port = {};
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/Android.bp b/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/Android.bp
index ff4d568..5e71210 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/Android.bp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/Android.bp
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
     srcs: [
         "test_audio_policy_configuration.xml",
         "test_audio_policy_primary_only_configuration.xml",
+        "test_car_ap_atmos_offload_configuration.xml",
         "test_invalid_audio_policy_configuration.xml",
         "test_tv_apm_configuration.xml",
         "test_settop_box_surround_configuration.xml",
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/test_car_ap_atmos_offload_configuration.xml b/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/test_car_ap_atmos_offload_configuration.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d131ed8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/tests/resources/test_car_ap_atmos_offload_configuration.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<audioPolicyConfiguration version="1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+    <globalConfiguration speaker_drc_enabled="true"/>
+
+    <modules>
+        <!-- Primary Audio HAL -->
+        <module name="primary" halVersion="3.0">
+            <attachedDevices>
+                <!-- One bus per context -->
+                <item>bus0_media_out</item>
+                <item>bus1_navigation_out</item>
+                <item>bus2_voice_command_out</item>
+                <item>bus3_call_ring_out</item>
+                <item>bus4_call_out</item>
+                <item>bus5_alarm_out</item>
+                <item>bus6_notification_out</item>
+                <item>bus7_system_sound_out</item>
+                <!-- names with _audio_zone_# are used for defined an emulator rear seat audio zone
+                    where each number # is the zone id number -->
+                <item>bus100_audio_zone_1</item>
+                <item>bus200_audio_zone_2</item>
+                <item>Built-In Mic</item>
+                <item>Built-In Back Mic</item>
+                <item>Echo-Reference Mic</item>
+                <item>FM Tuner</item>
+                <item>Tone Generator 0</item>
+                <item>Tone Generator 1</item>
+            </attachedDevices>
+            <defaultOutputDevice>bus0_media_out</defaultOutputDevice>
+            <mixPorts>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus0_media_out" role="source"
+                        flags="AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus0_media_out_atmos" role="source"
+                        flags="AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_E_AC3_JOC"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus0_media_out_atmos_pcm" role="source"
+                        flags="AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_7POINT1POINT4"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus1_navigation_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus2_voice_command_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus3_call_ring_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus4_call_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus5_alarm_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus6_notification_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus7_system_sound_out" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus100_audio_zone_1" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_bus200_audio_zone_2" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="primary input" role="sink">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="8000,11025,12000,16000,22050,24000,32000,44100,48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_MONO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_FRONT_BACK"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_tuner0" role="sink">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_input_bus_tone_zone_0" role="sink">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+                <mixPort name="mixport_input_bus_tone_zone_1" role="sink">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000"
+                             channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                </mixPort>
+            </mixPorts>
+            <devicePorts>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus0_media_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus0_media_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_E_AC3_JOC"
+                            samplingRates="48000"
+                            channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_5POINT1"/>
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_7POINT1POINT4"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus1_navigation_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus1_navigation_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus2_voice_command_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus2_voice_command_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus3_call_ring_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus3_call_ring_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus4_call_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus4_call_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus5_alarm_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus5_alarm_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus6_notification_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus6_notification_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus7_system_sound_out" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus7_system_sound_out">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus100_audio_zone_1" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                        address="bus100_audio_zone_1">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="bus200_audio_zone_2" role="sink" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"
+                            address="bus200_audio_zone_2">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                              minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                              stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="Built-In Mic" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC" role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="8000,11025,12000,16000,22050,24000,32000,44100,48000"
+                            channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_MONO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_FRONT_BACK"/>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="Built-In Back Mic" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BACK_MIC"
+                        role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="8000,11025,12000,16000,22050,24000,32000,44100,48000"
+                            channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_MONO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_FRONT_BACK"/>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="Echo-Reference Mic" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ECHO_REFERENCE"
+                        role="source">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="8000,11025,12000,16000,22050,24000,32000,44100,48000"
+                            channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_MONO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_FRONT_BACK"/>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="FM Tuner" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_FM_TUNER" role="source"
+                        address="tuner0">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                            samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                                minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                                stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="Tone Generator 0" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS" role="source"
+                            address="input_bus_tone_zone_0">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                              minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                              stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+                <devicePort tagName="Tone Generator 1" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS" role="source"
+                            address="input_bus_tone_zone_1">
+                    <profile name="" format="AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT"
+                             samplingRates="48000" channelMasks="AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_STEREO"/>
+                    <gains>
+                        <gain name="" mode="AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_JOINT"
+                              minValueMB="-3200" maxValueMB="600" defaultValueMB="0"
+                              stepValueMB="100"/>
+                    </gains>
+                </devicePort>
+            </devicePorts>
+            <!-- route declaration, i.e. list all available sources for a given sink -->
+            <routes>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus0_media_out"
+                        sources="mixport_bus0_media_out,mixport_bus0_media_out_atmos,mixport_bus0_media_out_atmos_pcm"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus1_navigation_out" sources="mixport_bus1_navigation_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus2_voice_command_out"
+                        sources="mixport_bus2_voice_command_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus3_call_ring_out" sources="mixport_bus3_call_ring_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus4_call_out" sources="mixport_bus4_call_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus5_alarm_out" sources="mixport_bus5_alarm_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus6_notification_out"
+                        sources="mixport_bus6_notification_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus7_system_sound_out"
+                        sources="mixport_bus7_system_sound_out"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus100_audio_zone_1" sources="mixport_bus100_audio_zone_1"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="bus200_audio_zone_2" sources="mixport_bus200_audio_zone_2"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="primary input"
+                        sources="Built-In Mic,Built-In Back Mic,Echo-Reference Mic"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="mixport_tuner0" sources="FM Tuner"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="mixport_input_bus_tone_zone_0" sources="Tone Generator 0"/>
+                <route type="mix" sink="mixport_input_bus_tone_zone_1" sources="Tone Generator 1"/>
+            </routes>
+        </module>
+    </modules>
+</audioPolicyConfiguration>
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
index 80410ab..d87b630 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@
     status_t res;
 
     std::vector<std::string> deviceIds;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::set<std::string>> unavailPhysicalIds;
     {
         Mutex::Autolock l(mServiceLock);
 
@@ -233,7 +234,7 @@
             ALOGE("Failed to enumerate flash units: %s (%d)", strerror(-res), res);
         }
 
-        deviceIds = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraDeviceIds();
+        deviceIds = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraDeviceIds(&unavailPhysicalIds);
     }
 
 
@@ -242,6 +243,12 @@
         if (getCameraState(id8) == nullptr) {
             onDeviceStatusChanged(id8, CameraDeviceStatus::PRESENT);
         }
+        if (unavailPhysicalIds.count(cameraId) > 0) {
+            for (const auto& physicalId : unavailPhysicalIds[cameraId]) {
+                String8 physicalId8 = String8(physicalId.c_str());
+                onDeviceStatusChanged(id8, physicalId8, CameraDeviceStatus::NOT_PRESENT);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     // Derive primary rear/front cameras, and filter their charactierstics.
@@ -335,7 +342,9 @@
         int facing = -1;
         int orientation = 0;
         String8 cameraId8(cameraId.c_str());
-        getDeviceVersion(cameraId8, /*out*/&facing, /*out*/&orientation);
+        int portraitRotation;
+        getDeviceVersion(cameraId8, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, /*out*/&portraitRotation,
+                /*out*/&facing, /*out*/&orientation);
         if (facing == -1) {
             ALOGE("%s: Unable to get camera device \"%s\" facing", __FUNCTION__, cameraId.c_str());
             return;
@@ -495,7 +504,7 @@
 
     if (state == nullptr) {
         ALOGE("%s: Physical camera id %s status change on a non-present ID %s",
-                __FUNCTION__, id.string(), physicalId.string());
+                __FUNCTION__, physicalId.string(), id.string());
         return;
     }
 
@@ -675,7 +684,7 @@
     return Status::ok();
 }
 
-Status CameraService::getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
+Status CameraService::getCameraInfo(int cameraId, bool overrideToPortrait,
         CameraInfo* cameraInfo) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     Mutex::Autolock l(mServiceLock);
@@ -703,8 +712,9 @@
     }
 
     Status ret = Status::ok();
+    int portraitRotation;
     status_t err = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraInfo(
-            cameraIdStr.c_str(), cameraInfo);
+            cameraIdStr.c_str(), overrideToPortrait, &portraitRotation, cameraInfo);
     if (err != OK) {
         ret = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
                 "Error retrieving camera info from device %d: %s (%d)", cameraId,
@@ -739,7 +749,7 @@
 }
 
 Status CameraService::getCameraCharacteristics(const String16& cameraId,
-        int targetSdkVersion, CameraMetadata* cameraInfo) {
+        int targetSdkVersion, bool overrideToPortrait, CameraMetadata* cameraInfo) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     if (!cameraInfo) {
         ALOGE("%s: cameraInfo is NULL", __FUNCTION__);
@@ -766,7 +776,7 @@
             SessionConfigurationUtils::targetPerfClassPrimaryCamera(mPerfClassPrimaryCameraIds,
                     cameraIdStr, targetSdkVersion);
     status_t res = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraCharacteristics(
-            cameraIdStr, overrideForPerfClass, cameraInfo);
+            cameraIdStr, overrideForPerfClass, cameraInfo, overrideToPortrait);
     if (res != OK) {
         if (res == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             return STATUS_ERROR_FMT(ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "Unable to retrieve camera "
@@ -887,8 +897,8 @@
     BasicClient::BasicClient::sCameraService = nullptr;
 }
 
-std::pair<int, IPCTransport> CameraService::getDeviceVersion(const String8& cameraId, int* facing,
-        int* orientation) {
+std::pair<int, IPCTransport> CameraService::getDeviceVersion(const String8& cameraId,
+        bool overrideToPortrait, int* portraitRotation, int* facing, int* orientation) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
     int deviceVersion = 0;
@@ -907,7 +917,8 @@
 
     hardware::CameraInfo info;
     if (facing) {
-        res = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraInfo(cameraId.string(), &info);
+        res = mCameraProviderManager->getCameraInfo(cameraId.string(), overrideToPortrait,
+                portraitRotation, &info);
         if (res != OK) {
             return std::make_pair(-1, IPCTransport::INVALID);
         }
@@ -942,7 +953,8 @@
         const std::optional<String16>& featureId,  const String8& cameraId,
         int api1CameraId, int facing, int sensorOrientation, int clientPid, uid_t clientUid,
         int servicePid, std::pair<int, IPCTransport> deviceVersionAndTransport,
-        apiLevel effectiveApiLevel, bool overrideForPerfClass, /*out*/sp<BasicClient>* client) {
+        apiLevel effectiveApiLevel, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait,
+        /*out*/sp<BasicClient>* client) {
     // For HIDL devices
     if (deviceVersionAndTransport.second == IPCTransport::HIDL) {
         // Create CameraClient based on device version reported by the HAL.
@@ -975,13 +987,16 @@
         sp<ICameraClient> tmp = static_cast<ICameraClient*>(cameraCb.get());
         *client = new Camera2Client(cameraService, tmp, packageName, featureId,
                 cameraId, api1CameraId, facing, sensorOrientation, clientPid, clientUid,
-                servicePid, overrideForPerfClass);
+                servicePid, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait);
+        ALOGI("%s: Camera1 API (legacy), override to portrait %d", __FUNCTION__,
+                overrideToPortrait);
     } else { // Camera2 API route
         sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks> tmp =
                 static_cast<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks*>(cameraCb.get());
         *client = new CameraDeviceClient(cameraService, tmp, packageName,
                 systemNativeClient, featureId, cameraId, facing, sensorOrientation,
-                clientPid, clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass);
+                clientPid, clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait);
+        ALOGI("%s: Camera2 API, override to portrait %d", __FUNCTION__, overrideToPortrait);
     }
     return Status::ok();
 }
@@ -1071,7 +1086,7 @@
             sp<ICameraClient>{nullptr}, id, cameraId,
             internalPackageName, /*systemNativeClient*/ false, {}, uid, USE_CALLING_PID,
             API_1, /*shimUpdateOnly*/ true, /*oomScoreOffset*/ 0,
-            /*targetSdkVersion*/ __ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*out*/ tmp)
+            /*targetSdkVersion*/ __ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/ true, /*out*/ tmp)
             ).isOk()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Error initializing shim metadata: %s", __FUNCTION__, ret.toString8().string());
     }
@@ -1587,6 +1602,7 @@
         int clientUid,
         int clientPid,
         int targetSdkVersion,
+        bool overrideToPortrait,
         /*out*/
         sp<ICamera>* device) {
 
@@ -1597,7 +1613,8 @@
     sp<Client> client = nullptr;
     ret = connectHelper<ICameraClient,Client>(cameraClient, id, api1CameraId,
             clientPackageName,/*systemNativeClient*/ false, {}, clientUid, clientPid, API_1,
-            /*shimUpdateOnly*/ false, /*oomScoreOffset*/ 0, targetSdkVersion, /*out*/client);
+            /*shimUpdateOnly*/ false, /*oomScoreOffset*/ 0, targetSdkVersion,
+            overrideToPortrait, /*out*/client);
 
     if(!ret.isOk()) {
         logRejected(id, CameraThreadState::getCallingPid(), String8(clientPackageName),
@@ -1672,6 +1689,7 @@
         const String16& clientPackageName,
         const std::optional<String16>& clientFeatureId,
         int clientUid, int oomScoreOffset, int targetSdkVersion,
+        bool overrideToPortrait,
         /*out*/
         sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceUser>* device) {
 
@@ -1698,7 +1716,13 @@
         return STATUS_ERROR(ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
     }
 
-    if (CameraServiceProxyWrapper::isCameraDisabled()) {
+    userid_t clientUserId = multiuser_get_user_id(clientUid);
+    int callingUid = CameraThreadState::getCallingUid();
+    if (clientUid == USE_CALLING_UID) {
+        clientUserId = multiuser_get_user_id(callingUid);
+    }
+
+    if (CameraServiceProxyWrapper::isCameraDisabled(clientUserId)) {
         String8 msg =
                 String8::format("Camera disabled by device policy");
         ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
@@ -1719,7 +1743,7 @@
     ret = connectHelper<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks,CameraDeviceClient>(cameraCb, id,
             /*api1CameraId*/-1, clientPackageNameAdj, systemNativeClient,clientFeatureId,
             clientUid, USE_CALLING_PID, API_2, /*shimUpdateOnly*/ false, oomScoreOffset,
-            targetSdkVersion, /*out*/client);
+            targetSdkVersion, overrideToPortrait, /*out*/client);
 
     if(!ret.isOk()) {
         logRejected(id, callingPid, String8(clientPackageNameAdj), ret.toString8());
@@ -1746,20 +1770,68 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+String16 CameraService::getPackageNameFromUid(int clientUid) {
+    String16 packageName("");
+
+    sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
+    sp<IBinder> binder = sm->getService(String16(kPermissionServiceName));
+    if (binder == 0) {
+        ALOGE("Cannot get permission service");
+        // Return empty package name and the further interaction
+        // with camera will likely fail
+        return packageName;
+    }
+
+    sp<IPermissionController> permCtrl = interface_cast<IPermissionController>(binder);
+    Vector<String16> packages;
+
+    permCtrl->getPackagesForUid(clientUid, packages);
+
+    if (packages.isEmpty()) {
+        ALOGE("No packages for calling UID %d", clientUid);
+        // Return empty package name and the further interaction
+        // with camera will likely fail
+        return packageName;
+    }
+
+    // Arbitrarily pick the first name in the list
+    packageName = packages[0];
+
+    return packageName;
+}
+
 template<class CALLBACK, class CLIENT>
 Status CameraService::connectHelper(const sp<CALLBACK>& cameraCb, const String8& cameraId,
-        int api1CameraId, const String16& clientPackageName, bool systemNativeClient,
+        int api1CameraId, const String16& clientPackageNameMaybe, bool systemNativeClient,
         const std::optional<String16>& clientFeatureId, int clientUid, int clientPid,
         apiLevel effectiveApiLevel, bool shimUpdateOnly, int oomScoreOffset, int targetSdkVersion,
-        /*out*/sp<CLIENT>& device) {
+        bool overrideToPortrait, /*out*/sp<CLIENT>& device) {
     binder::Status ret = binder::Status::ok();
 
+    bool isNonSystemNdk = false;
+    String16 clientPackageName;
+    if (clientPackageNameMaybe.size() <= 0) {
+        // NDK calls don't come with package names, but we need one for various cases.
+        // Generally, there's a 1:1 mapping between UID and package name, but shared UIDs
+        // do exist. For all authentication cases, all packages under the same UID get the
+        // same permissions, so picking any associated package name is sufficient. For some
+        // other cases, this may give inaccurate names for clients in logs.
+        isNonSystemNdk = true;
+        int packageUid = (clientUid == USE_CALLING_UID) ?
+            CameraThreadState::getCallingUid() : clientUid;
+        clientPackageName = getPackageNameFromUid(packageUid);
+    } else {
+        clientPackageName = clientPackageNameMaybe;
+    }
+
     String8 clientName8(clientPackageName);
 
     int originalClientPid = 0;
 
+    int packagePid = (clientPid == USE_CALLING_PID) ?
+        CameraThreadState::getCallingPid() : clientPid;
     ALOGI("CameraService::connect call (PID %d \"%s\", camera ID %s) and "
-            "Camera API version %d", clientPid, clientName8.string(), cameraId.string(),
+            "Camera API version %d", packagePid, clientName8.string(), cameraId.string(),
             static_cast<int>(effectiveApiLevel));
 
     nsecs_t openTimeNs = systemTime();
@@ -1767,7 +1839,7 @@
     sp<CLIENT> client = nullptr;
     int facing = -1;
     int orientation = 0;
-    bool isNonSystemNdk = (clientPackageName.size() == 0);
+
     {
         // Acquire mServiceLock and prevent other clients from connecting
         std::unique_ptr<AutoConditionLock> lock =
@@ -1832,8 +1904,10 @@
         // give flashlight a chance to close devices if necessary.
         mFlashlight->prepareDeviceOpen(cameraId);
 
+        int portraitRotation;
         auto deviceVersionAndTransport =
-                getDeviceVersion(cameraId, /*out*/&facing, /*out*/&orientation);
+                getDeviceVersion(cameraId, overrideToPortrait, /*out*/&portraitRotation,
+                        /*out*/&facing, /*out*/&orientation);
         if (facing == -1) {
             ALOGE("%s: Unable to get camera device \"%s\"  facing", __FUNCTION__, cameraId.string());
             return STATUS_ERROR_FMT(ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
@@ -1847,7 +1921,7 @@
                 clientFeatureId, cameraId, api1CameraId, facing, orientation,
                 clientPid, clientUid, getpid(),
                 deviceVersionAndTransport, effectiveApiLevel, overrideForPerfClass,
-                /*out*/&tmp)).isOk()) {
+                overrideToPortrait, /*out*/&tmp)).isOk()) {
             return ret;
         }
         client = static_cast<CLIENT*>(tmp.get());
@@ -1901,11 +1975,31 @@
             }
         }
 
+        // Enable/disable camera service watchdog
+        client->setCameraServiceWatchdog(mCameraServiceWatchdogEnabled);
+
         // Set rotate-and-crop override behavior
         if (mOverrideRotateAndCropMode != ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_AUTO) {
             client->setRotateAndCropOverride(mOverrideRotateAndCropMode);
+        } else if (overrideToPortrait && portraitRotation != 0) {
+            uint8_t rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_AUTO;
+            switch (portraitRotation) {
+                case 90:
+                    rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90;
+                    break;
+                case 180:
+                    rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_180;
+                    break;
+                case 270:
+                    rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_270;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    ALOGE("Unexpected portrait rotation: %d", portraitRotation);
+                    break;
+            }
+            client->setRotateAndCropOverride(rotateAndCropMode);
         } else {
-          client->setRotateAndCropOverride(
+            client->setRotateAndCropOverride(
               CameraServiceProxyWrapper::getRotateAndCropOverride(
                   clientPackageName, facing, multiuser_get_user_id(clientUid)));
         }
@@ -1949,6 +2043,7 @@
         }
 
         client->setImageDumpMask(mImageDumpMask);
+        client->setStreamUseCaseOverrides(mStreamUseCaseOverrides);
     } // lock is destroyed, allow further connect calls
 
     // Important: release the mutex here so the client can call back into the service from its
@@ -2409,6 +2504,11 @@
 
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
+    {
+        Mutex::Autolock lock(mServiceLock);
+        mDeviceState = newState;
+    }
+
     mCameraProviderManager->notifyDeviceStateChange(newState);
 
     return Status::ok();
@@ -2442,12 +2542,12 @@
     for (auto& current : clients) {
         if (current != nullptr) {
             const auto basicClient = current->getValue();
-            if (basicClient.get() != nullptr) {
-              basicClient->setRotateAndCropOverride(
-                  CameraServiceProxyWrapper::getRotateAndCropOverride(
-                      basicClient->getPackageName(),
-                      basicClient->getCameraFacing(),
-                      multiuser_get_user_id(basicClient->getClientUid())));
+            if (basicClient.get() != nullptr && !basicClient->getOverrideToPortrait()) {
+                basicClient->setRotateAndCropOverride(
+                        CameraServiceProxyWrapper::getRotateAndCropOverride(
+                                basicClient->getPackageName(),
+                                basicClient->getCameraFacing(),
+                                multiuser_get_user_id(basicClient->getClientUid())));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -2719,7 +2819,8 @@
             return STATUS_ERROR(ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
     }
 
-    auto deviceVersionAndTransport = getDeviceVersion(id);
+    int portraitRotation;
+    auto deviceVersionAndTransport = getDeviceVersion(id, false, &portraitRotation);
     if (deviceVersionAndTransport.first == -1) {
         String8 msg = String8::format("Unknown camera ID %s", id.string());
         ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
@@ -3204,13 +3305,13 @@
         const String8& cameraIdStr,
         int api1CameraId, int cameraFacing, int sensorOrientation,
         int clientPid, uid_t clientUid,
-        int servicePid) :
+        int servicePid, bool overrideToPortrait) :
         CameraService::BasicClient(cameraService,
                 IInterface::asBinder(cameraClient),
                 clientPackageName, systemNativeClient, clientFeatureId,
                 cameraIdStr, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation,
                 clientPid, clientUid,
-                servicePid),
+                servicePid, overrideToPortrait),
         mCameraId(api1CameraId)
 {
     int callingPid = CameraThreadState::getCallingPid();
@@ -3240,7 +3341,7 @@
         const String16& clientPackageName, bool nativeClient,
         const std::optional<String16>& clientFeatureId, const String8& cameraIdStr,
         int cameraFacing, int sensorOrientation, int clientPid, uid_t clientUid,
-        int servicePid):
+        int servicePid, bool overrideToPortrait):
         mDestructionStarted(false),
         mCameraIdStr(cameraIdStr), mCameraFacing(cameraFacing), mOrientation(sensorOrientation),
         mClientPackageName(clientPackageName), mSystemNativeClient(nativeClient),
@@ -3248,6 +3349,7 @@
         mClientPid(clientPid), mClientUid(clientUid),
         mServicePid(servicePid),
         mDisconnected(false), mUidIsTrusted(false),
+        mOverrideToPortrait(overrideToPortrait),
         mAudioRestriction(hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceUser::AUDIO_RESTRICTION_NONE),
         mRemoteBinder(remoteCallback),
         mOpsActive(false),
@@ -3257,37 +3359,6 @@
         sCameraService = cameraService;
     }
 
-    // In some cases the calling code has no access to the package it runs under.
-    // For example, NDK camera API.
-    // In this case we will get the packages for the calling UID and pick the first one
-    // for attributing the app op. This will work correctly for runtime permissions
-    // as for legacy apps we will toggle the app op for all packages in the UID.
-    // The caveat is that the operation may be attributed to the wrong package and
-    // stats based on app ops may be slightly off.
-    if (mClientPackageName.size() <= 0) {
-        sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
-        sp<IBinder> binder = sm->getService(String16(kPermissionServiceName));
-        if (binder == 0) {
-            ALOGE("Cannot get permission service");
-            // Leave mClientPackageName unchanged (empty) and the further interaction
-            // with camera will fail in BasicClient::startCameraOps
-            return;
-        }
-
-        sp<IPermissionController> permCtrl = interface_cast<IPermissionController>(binder);
-        Vector<String16> packages;
-
-        permCtrl->getPackagesForUid(mClientUid, packages);
-
-        if (packages.isEmpty()) {
-            ALOGE("No packages for calling UID");
-            // Leave mClientPackageName unchanged (empty) and the further interaction
-            // with camera will fail in BasicClient::startCameraOps
-            return;
-        }
-        mClientPackageName = packages[0];
-    }
-
     // There are 2 scenarios in which a client won't have AppOps operations
     // (both scenarios : native clients)
     //    1) It's an system native client*, the package name will be empty
@@ -4349,6 +4420,13 @@
     String8 activeClientString = mActiveClientManager.toString();
     dprintf(fd, "Active Camera Clients:\n%s", activeClientString.string());
     dprintf(fd, "Allowed user IDs: %s\n", toString(mAllowedUsers).string());
+    if (mStreamUseCaseOverrides.size() > 0) {
+        dprintf(fd, "Active stream use case overrides:");
+        for (int64_t useCaseOverride : mStreamUseCaseOverrides) {
+            dprintf(fd, " %" PRId64, useCaseOverride);
+        }
+        dprintf(fd, "\n");
+    }
 
     dumpEventLog(fd);
 
@@ -4840,8 +4918,14 @@
         return handleGetImageDumpMask(out);
     } else if (args.size() >= 2 && args[0] == String16("set-camera-mute")) {
         return handleSetCameraMute(args);
+    } else if (args.size() >= 2 && args[0] == String16("set-stream-use-case-override")) {
+        return handleSetStreamUseCaseOverrides(args);
+    } else if (args.size() >= 1 && args[0] == String16("clear-stream-use-case-override")) {
+        return handleClearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
     } else if (args.size() >= 2 && args[0] == String16("watch")) {
         return handleWatchCommand(args, in, out);
+    } else if (args.size() >= 2 && args[0] == String16("set-watchdog")) {
+        return handleSetCameraServiceWatchdog(args);
     } else if (args.size() == 1 && args[0] == String16("help")) {
         printHelp(out);
         return OK;
@@ -4935,6 +5019,28 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t CameraService::handleSetCameraServiceWatchdog(const Vector<String16>& args) {
+    int enableWatchdog = atoi(String8(args[1]));
+
+    if (enableWatchdog < 0 || enableWatchdog > 1) return BAD_VALUE;
+
+    Mutex::Autolock lock(mServiceLock);
+
+    mCameraServiceWatchdogEnabled = enableWatchdog;
+
+    const auto clients = mActiveClientManager.getAll();
+    for (auto& current : clients) {
+        if (current != nullptr) {
+            const auto basicClient = current->getValue();
+            if (basicClient.get() != nullptr) {
+                basicClient->setCameraServiceWatchdog(enableWatchdog);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t CameraService::handleGetRotateAndCrop(int out) {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mServiceLock);
 
@@ -4988,6 +5094,43 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t CameraService::handleSetStreamUseCaseOverrides(const Vector<String16>& args) {
+    std::vector<int64_t> useCasesOverride;
+    for (size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); i++) {
+        int64_t useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT;
+        String8 arg8 = String8(args[i]);
+        if (arg8 == "DEFAULT") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT;
+        } else if (arg8 == "PREVIEW") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW;
+        } else if (arg8 == "STILL_CAPTURE") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE;
+        } else if (arg8 == "VIDEO_RECORD") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_RECORD;
+        } else if (arg8 == "PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL;
+        } else if (arg8 == "VIDEO_CALL") {
+            useCase = ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL;
+        } else {
+            ALOGE("%s: Invalid stream use case %s", __FUNCTION__, String8(args[i]).c_str());
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        useCasesOverride.push_back(useCase);
+    }
+
+    Mutex::Autolock lock(mServiceLock);
+    mStreamUseCaseOverrides = std::move(useCasesOverride);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t CameraService::handleClearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {
+    Mutex::Autolock lock(mServiceLock);
+    mStreamUseCaseOverrides.clear();
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t CameraService::handleWatchCommand(const Vector<String16>& args, int inFd, int outFd) {
     if (args.size() >= 3 && args[1] == String16("start")) {
         return startWatchingTags(args, outFd);
@@ -5342,6 +5485,15 @@
         "      Valid values 0=OFF, 1=ON for JPEG\n"
         "  get-image-dump-mask returns the current image-dump-mask value\n"
         "  set-camera-mute <0/1> enable or disable camera muting\n"
+        "  set-stream-use-case-override <usecase1> <usecase2> ... override stream use cases\n"
+        "      Use cases applied in descending resolutions. So usecase1 is assigned to the\n"
+        "      largest resolution, usecase2 is assigned to the 2nd largest resolution, and so\n"
+        "      on. In case the number of usecases is smaller than the number of streams, the\n"
+        "      last use case is assigned to all the remaining streams. In case of multiple\n"
+        "      streams with the same resolution, the tie-breaker is (JPEG, RAW, YUV, and PRIV)\n"
+        "      Valid values are (case sensitive): DEFAULT, PREVIEW, STILL_CAPTURE, VIDEO_RECORD,\n"
+        "      PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL, VIDEO_CALL\n"
+        "  clear-stream-use-case-override clear the stream use case override\n"
         "  watch <start|stop|dump|print|clear> manages tag monitoring in connected clients\n"
         "  help print this message\n");
 }
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.h
index d96ea00..588cfc0 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.h
@@ -127,10 +127,10 @@
     // ICameraService
     virtual binder::Status     getNumberOfCameras(int32_t type, int32_t* numCameras);
 
-    virtual binder::Status     getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
-            hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo);
+    virtual binder::Status     getCameraInfo(int cameraId, bool overrideToPortrait,
+            hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo) override;
     virtual binder::Status     getCameraCharacteristics(const String16& cameraId,
-            int targetSdkVersion, CameraMetadata* cameraInfo);
+            int targetSdkVersion, bool overrideToPortrait, CameraMetadata* cameraInfo) override;
     virtual binder::Status     getCameraVendorTagDescriptor(
             /*out*/
             hardware::camera2::params::VendorTagDescriptor* desc);
@@ -141,13 +141,14 @@
     virtual binder::Status     connect(const sp<hardware::ICameraClient>& cameraClient,
             int32_t cameraId, const String16& clientPackageName,
             int32_t clientUid, int clientPid, int targetSdkVersion,
+            bool overrideToPortrait,
             /*out*/
-            sp<hardware::ICamera>* device);
+            sp<hardware::ICamera>* device) override;
 
     virtual binder::Status     connectDevice(
             const sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks>& cameraCb, const String16& cameraId,
             const String16& clientPackageName, const std::optional<String16>& clientFeatureId,
-            int32_t clientUid, int scoreOffset, int targetSdkVersion,
+            int32_t clientUid, int scoreOffset, int targetSdkVersion, bool overrideToPortrait,
             /*out*/
             sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceUser>* device);
 
@@ -243,8 +244,9 @@
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     // CameraDeviceFactory functionality
-    std::pair<int, IPCTransport>    getDeviceVersion(const String8& cameraId, int* facing = nullptr,
-            int* orientation = nullptr);
+    std::pair<int, IPCTransport>    getDeviceVersion(const String8& cameraId,
+            bool overrideToPortrait, int* portraitRotation,
+            int* facing = nullptr, int* orientation = nullptr);
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     // Methods to be used in CameraService class tests only
@@ -282,6 +284,10 @@
             return mRemoteBinder;
         }
 
+        bool getOverrideToPortrait() const {
+            return mOverrideToPortrait;
+        }
+
         // Disallows dumping over binder interface
         virtual status_t dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
         // Internal dump method to be called by CameraService
@@ -339,6 +345,16 @@
         // Set/reset camera mute
         virtual status_t setCameraMute(bool enabled) = 0;
 
+        // Set Camera service watchdog
+        virtual status_t setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) = 0;
+
+        // Set stream use case overrides
+        virtual void setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+                const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) = 0;
+
+        // Clear stream use case overrides
+        virtual void clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() = 0;
+
         // The injection camera session to replace the internal camera
         // session.
         virtual status_t injectCamera(const String8& injectedCamId,
@@ -358,7 +374,8 @@
                 int sensorOrientation,
                 int clientPid,
                 uid_t clientUid,
-                int servicePid);
+                int servicePid,
+                bool overrideToPortrait);
 
         virtual ~BasicClient();
 
@@ -381,6 +398,7 @@
         const pid_t                     mServicePid;
         bool                            mDisconnected;
         bool                            mUidIsTrusted;
+        bool                            mOverrideToPortrait;
 
         mutable Mutex                   mAudioRestrictionLock;
         int32_t                         mAudioRestriction;
@@ -470,7 +488,8 @@
                 int sensorOrientation,
                 int clientPid,
                 uid_t clientUid,
-                int servicePid);
+                int servicePid,
+                bool overrideToPortrait);
         ~Client();
 
         // return our camera client
@@ -490,6 +509,7 @@
         virtual bool canCastToApiClient(apiLevel level) const;
 
         void setImageDumpMask(int /*mask*/) { }
+        void setStreamUseCaseOverrides(const std::vector<int64_t>& /*usecaseOverrides*/) { }
     protected:
         // Initialized in constructor
 
@@ -825,13 +845,22 @@
     // sorted in alpha-numeric order.
     void filterAPI1SystemCameraLocked(const std::vector<std::string> &normalDeviceIds);
 
+    // In some cases the calling code has no access to the package it runs under.
+    // For example, NDK camera API.
+    // In this case we will get the packages for the calling UID and pick the first one
+    // for attributing the app op. This will work correctly for runtime permissions
+    // as for legacy apps we will toggle the app op for all packages in the UID.
+    // The caveat is that the operation may be attributed to the wrong package and
+    // stats based on app ops may be slightly off.
+    String16 getPackageNameFromUid(int clientUid);
+
     // Single implementation shared between the various connect calls
     template<class CALLBACK, class CLIENT>
     binder::Status connectHelper(const sp<CALLBACK>& cameraCb, const String8& cameraId,
-            int api1CameraId, const String16& clientPackageName, bool systemNativeClient,
+            int api1CameraId, const String16& clientPackageNameMaybe, bool systemNativeClient,
             const std::optional<String16>& clientFeatureId, int clientUid, int clientPid,
             apiLevel effectiveApiLevel, bool shimUpdateOnly, int scoreOffset, int targetSdkVersion,
-            /*out*/sp<CLIENT>& device);
+            bool overrideToPortrait, /*out*/sp<CLIENT>& device);
 
     // Lock guarding camera service state
     Mutex               mServiceLock;
@@ -1195,9 +1224,18 @@
     // Set the camera mute state
     status_t handleSetCameraMute(const Vector<String16>& args);
 
+    // Set the stream use case overrides
+    status_t handleSetStreamUseCaseOverrides(const Vector<String16>& args);
+
+    // Clear the stream use case overrides
+    status_t handleClearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
+
     // Handle 'watch' command as passed through 'cmd'
     status_t handleWatchCommand(const Vector<String16> &args, int inFd, int outFd);
 
+    // Set the camera service watchdog
+    status_t handleSetCameraServiceWatchdog(const Vector<String16>& args);
+
     // Enable tag monitoring of the given tags in provided clients
     status_t startWatchingTags(const Vector<String16> &args, int outFd);
 
@@ -1243,7 +1281,7 @@
             const String8& cameraId, int api1CameraId, int facing, int sensorOrientation,
             int clientPid, uid_t clientUid, int servicePid,
             std::pair<int, IPCTransport> deviceVersionAndIPCTransport, apiLevel effectiveApiLevel,
-            bool overrideForPerfClass, /*out*/sp<BasicClient>* client);
+            bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait, /*out*/sp<BasicClient>* client);
 
     status_t checkCameraAccess(const String16& opPackageName);
 
@@ -1284,6 +1322,12 @@
     // Current camera mute mode
     bool mOverrideCameraMuteMode = false;
 
+    // Camera Service watchdog flag
+    bool mCameraServiceWatchdogEnabled = true;
+
+    // Current stream use case overrides
+    std::vector<int64_t> mStreamUseCaseOverrides;
+
     /**
      * A listener class that implements the IBinder::DeathRecipient interface
      * for use to call back the error state injected by the external camera, and
@@ -1337,6 +1381,9 @@
     // Guard mInjectionInternalCamId and mInjectionInitPending.
     Mutex mInjectionParametersLock;
 
+    // Track the folded/unfoled device state. 0 == UNFOLDED, 4 == FOLDED
+    int64_t mDeviceState;
+
     void updateTorchUidMapLocked(const String16& cameraId, int uid);
 };
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.cpp
index a169667..e101dd3 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.cpp
@@ -66,6 +66,17 @@
     }
 }
 
+void CameraServiceWatchdog::setEnabled(bool enable)
+{
+    AutoMutex _l(mEnabledLock);
+
+    if (enable) {
+        mEnabled = true;
+    } else {
+        mEnabled = false;
+    }
+}
+
 void CameraServiceWatchdog::stop(uint32_t tid)
 {
     AutoMutex _l(mWatchdogLock);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.h
index 29ddab1..e35d69e 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraServiceWatchdog.h
@@ -21,10 +21,12 @@
  * expected duration has exceeded.
  * Notes on multi-threaded behaviors:
  *    - The threadloop is blocked/paused when there are no calls being
- *   monitored.
+ *   monitored (when the TID cycle to counter map is empty).
  *   - The start and stop functions handle simultaneous call monitoring
  *   and single call monitoring differently. See function documentation for
  *   more details.
+ * To disable/enable:
+ *   - adb shell cmd media.camera set-cameraservice-watchdog [0/1]
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <chrono>
@@ -49,15 +51,19 @@
 
 public:
     explicit CameraServiceWatchdog() : mPause(true), mMaxCycles(kMaxCycles),
-            mCycleLengthMs(kCycleLengthMs) {};
+            mCycleLengthMs(kCycleLengthMs), mEnabled(true) {};
 
-    explicit CameraServiceWatchdog (size_t maxCycles, uint32_t cycleLengthMs) :
-            mPause(true), mMaxCycles(maxCycles), mCycleLengthMs(cycleLengthMs) {};
+    explicit CameraServiceWatchdog (size_t maxCycles, uint32_t cycleLengthMs, bool enabled) :
+            mPause(true), mMaxCycles(maxCycles), mCycleLengthMs(cycleLengthMs), mEnabled(enabled)
+                    {};
 
     virtual ~CameraServiceWatchdog() {};
 
     virtual void requestExit();
 
+    /** Enables/disables the watchdog */
+    void setEnabled(bool enable);
+
     /** Used to wrap monitored calls in start and stop functions using custom timer values */
     template<typename T>
     auto watchThread(T func, uint32_t tid, uint32_t cycles, uint32_t cycleLength) {
@@ -66,9 +72,20 @@
         if (cycles != mMaxCycles || cycleLength != mCycleLengthMs) {
             // Create another instance of the watchdog to prevent disruption
             // of timer for current monitored calls
+
+            // Lock for mEnabled
+            mEnabledLock.lock();
             sp<CameraServiceWatchdog> tempWatchdog =
-                    new CameraServiceWatchdog(cycles, cycleLength);
-            tempWatchdog->run("CameraServiceWatchdog");
+                    new CameraServiceWatchdog(cycles, cycleLength, mEnabled);
+            mEnabledLock.unlock();
+
+            status_t status = tempWatchdog->run("CameraServiceWatchdog");
+            if (status != OK) {
+                ALOGE("Unable to watch thread: %s (%d)", strerror(-status), status);
+                res = watchThread(func, tid);
+                return res;
+            }
+
             res = tempWatchdog->watchThread(func, tid);
             tempWatchdog->requestExit();
             tempWatchdog.clear();
@@ -84,10 +101,16 @@
     /** Used to wrap monitored calls in start and stop functions using class timer values */
     template<typename T>
     auto watchThread(T func, uint32_t tid) {
+        decltype(func()) res;
+        AutoMutex _l(mEnabledLock);
 
-        start(tid);
-        auto res = func();
-        stop(tid);
+        if (mEnabled) {
+            start(tid);
+            res = func();
+            stop(tid);
+        } else {
+            res = func();
+        }
 
         return res;
     }
@@ -108,11 +131,13 @@
 
     virtual bool    threadLoop();
 
-    Mutex           mWatchdogLock;        // Lock for condition variable
-    Condition       mWatchdogCondition;   // Condition variable for stop/start
-    bool            mPause;               // True if thread is currently paused
-    uint32_t        mMaxCycles;           // Max cycles
-    uint32_t        mCycleLengthMs;       // Length of time elapsed per cycle
+    Mutex           mWatchdogLock;      // Lock for condition variable
+    Mutex           mEnabledLock;       // Lock for enabled status
+    Condition       mWatchdogCondition; // Condition variable for stop/start
+    bool            mPause;             // True if tid map is empty
+    uint32_t        mMaxCycles;         // Max cycles
+    uint32_t        mCycleLengthMs;     // Length of time elapsed per cycle
+    bool            mEnabled;           // True if watchdog is enabled
 
     std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> tidToCycleCounterMap; // Thread Id to cycle counter map
 };
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
index 68dc7f8..430c82b 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
@@ -61,11 +61,13 @@
         int clientPid,
         uid_t clientUid,
         int servicePid,
-        bool overrideForPerfClass):
+        bool overrideForPerfClass,
+        bool overrideToPortrait):
         Camera2ClientBase(cameraService, cameraClient, clientPackageName,
                 false/*systemNativeClient - since no ndk for api1*/, clientFeatureId,
                 cameraDeviceId, api1CameraId, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation, clientPid,
-                clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass, /*legacyClient*/ true),
+                clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait,
+                /*legacyClient*/ true),
         mParameters(api1CameraId, cameraFacing)
 {
     ATRACE_CALL();
@@ -2316,6 +2318,10 @@
     return INVALID_OPERATION;
 }
 
+status_t Camera2Client::setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) {
+    return mDevice->setCameraServiceWatchdog(enabled);
+}
+
 status_t Camera2Client::setRotateAndCropOverride(uint8_t rotateAndCrop) {
     if (rotateAndCrop > ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_AUTO) return BAD_VALUE;
 
@@ -2341,6 +2347,15 @@
     return mDevice->setCameraMute(enabled);
 }
 
+void Camera2Client::setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+        const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) {
+    mDevice->setStreamUseCaseOverrides(useCaseOverrides);
+}
+
+void Camera2Client::clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {
+    mDevice->clearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
+}
+
 status_t Camera2Client::waitUntilCurrentRequestIdLocked() {
     int32_t activeRequestId = mStreamingProcessor->getActiveRequestId();
     if (activeRequestId != 0) {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.h
index c8dfc46..8071bcb 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.h
@@ -90,6 +90,12 @@
     virtual bool            supportsCameraMute();
     virtual status_t        setCameraMute(bool enabled);
 
+    virtual status_t        setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled);
+
+    virtual void            setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+                                    const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides);
+    virtual void            clearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
+
     /**
      * Interface used by CameraService
      */
@@ -105,7 +111,8 @@
             int clientPid,
             uid_t clientUid,
             int servicePid,
-            bool overrideForPerfClass);
+            bool overrideForPerfClass,
+            bool overrideToPortrait);
 
     virtual ~Camera2Client();
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.cpp
index 2daacd1..74423e5 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.cpp
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@
         m3aState.aeState = ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_STATE_INACTIVE;
         m3aState.afState = ANDROID_CONTROL_AF_STATE_INACTIVE;
         m3aState.awbState = ANDROID_CONTROL_AWB_STATE_INACTIVE;
+
+        mLastFocalLength = l.mParameters.params.getFloat(CameraParameters::KEY_FOCAL_LENGTH);
     }
 }
 
@@ -92,9 +94,32 @@
         client->notifyRequestId(mCurrentRequestId);
     }
 
+    processLensState(frame.mMetadata, client);
+
     return FrameProcessorBase::processSingleFrame(frame, device);
 }
 
+void FrameProcessor::processLensState(const CameraMetadata &frame,
+        const sp<Camera2Client> &client) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry_t entry;
+
+    entry = frame.find(ANDROID_LENS_FOCAL_LENGTH);
+    if (entry.count == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (fabs(entry.data.f[0] - mLastFocalLength) > 0.001f) {
+        SharedParameters::Lock l(client->getParameters());
+        l.mParameters.params.setFloat(
+                CameraParameters::KEY_FOCAL_LENGTH,
+                entry.data.f[0]);
+        l.mParameters.paramsFlattened = l.mParameters.params.flatten();
+
+        mLastFocalLength = entry.data.f[0];
+    }
+}
+
 status_t FrameProcessor::processFaceDetect(const CameraMetadata &frame,
         const sp<Camera2Client> &client) {
     status_t res = BAD_VALUE;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.h
index bb985f6..6c8d221 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/FrameProcessor.h
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@
     virtual bool processSingleFrame(CaptureResult &frame,
                                     const sp<FrameProducer> &device);
 
+    void processLensState(const CameraMetadata &frame,
+            const sp<Camera2Client> &client);
+
     status_t processFaceDetect(const CameraMetadata &frame,
             const sp<Camera2Client> &client);
 
@@ -110,6 +113,9 @@
     // Emit FaceDetection event to java if faces changed
     void callbackFaceDetection(const sp<Camera2Client>& client,
                                const camera_frame_metadata &metadata);
+
+    // Track most recent focal length sent by the camera device
+    float mLastFocalLength;
 };
 
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
index 5e91501..1f86414 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@
         int sensorOrientation,
         int clientPid,
         uid_t clientUid,
-        int servicePid) :
+        int servicePid,
+        bool overrideToPortrait) :
     BasicClient(cameraService,
             IInterface::asBinder(remoteCallback),
             clientPackageName,
@@ -77,7 +78,8 @@
             sensorOrientation,
             clientPid,
             clientUid,
-            servicePid),
+            servicePid,
+            overrideToPortrait),
     mRemoteCallback(remoteCallback) {
     // We don't need it for API2 clients, but Camera2ClientBase requires it.
     (void) api1CameraId;
@@ -96,10 +98,11 @@
         int clientPid,
         uid_t clientUid,
         int servicePid,
-        bool overrideForPerfClass) :
+        bool overrideForPerfClass,
+        bool overrideToPortrait) :
     Camera2ClientBase(cameraService, remoteCallback, clientPackageName, systemNativeClient,
                 clientFeatureId, cameraId, /*API1 camera ID*/ -1, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation,
-                clientPid, clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass),
+                clientPid, clientUid, servicePid, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait),
     mInputStream(),
     mStreamingRequestId(REQUEST_ID_NONE),
     mRequestIdCounter(0),
@@ -1730,6 +1733,10 @@
     return binder::Status::ok();
 }
 
+status_t CameraDeviceClient::setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) {
+    return mDevice->setCameraServiceWatchdog(enabled);
+}
+
 status_t CameraDeviceClient::setRotateAndCropOverride(uint8_t rotateAndCrop) {
     if (rotateAndCrop > ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_AUTO) return BAD_VALUE;
 
@@ -1745,6 +1752,15 @@
     return mDevice->setCameraMute(enabled);
 }
 
+void CameraDeviceClient::setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+        const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) {
+    mDevice->setStreamUseCaseOverrides(useCaseOverrides);
+}
+
+void CameraDeviceClient::clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {
+    mDevice->clearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
+}
+
 binder::Status CameraDeviceClient::switchToOffline(
         const sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks>& cameraCb,
         const std::vector<int>& offlineOutputIds,
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
index c5aad6b..c95bb4a 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
@@ -58,7 +58,8 @@
             int sensorOrientation,
             int clientPid,
             uid_t clientUid,
-            int servicePid);
+            int servicePid,
+            bool overrideToPortrait);
 
     sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceCallbacks> mRemoteCallback;
 };
@@ -187,7 +188,8 @@
             int clientPid,
             uid_t clientUid,
             int servicePid,
-            bool overrideForPerfClass);
+            bool overrideForPerfClass,
+            bool overrideToPortrait);
     virtual ~CameraDeviceClient();
 
     virtual status_t      initialize(sp<CameraProviderManager> manager,
@@ -206,6 +208,11 @@
     virtual status_t      stopWatchingTags(int out);
     virtual status_t      dumpWatchedEventsToVector(std::vector<std::string> &out);
 
+    virtual status_t      setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled);
+
+    virtual void          setStreamUseCaseOverrides(const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides);
+    virtual void          clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() override;
+
     /**
      * Device listener interface
      */
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.cpp
index 9303fd2..0f31c66 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.cpp
@@ -66,6 +66,10 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t CameraOfflineSessionClient::setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool) {
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t CameraOfflineSessionClient::setRotateAndCropOverride(uint8_t /*rotateAndCrop*/) {
     // Since we're not submitting more capture requests, changes to rotateAndCrop override
     // make no difference.
@@ -81,6 +85,13 @@
     return INVALID_OPERATION;
 }
 
+void CameraOfflineSessionClient::setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+        const std::vector<int64_t>& /*useCaseOverrides*/) {
+}
+
+void CameraOfflineSessionClient::clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {
+}
+
 
 status_t CameraOfflineSessionClient::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args) {
     return BasicClient::dump(fd, args);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.h
index f2c42d8..23e1f3d 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraOfflineSessionClient.h
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@
                     IInterface::asBinder(remoteCallback),
                     // (v)ndk doesn't have offline session support
                     clientPackageName, /*overridePackageName*/false, clientFeatureId,
-                    cameraIdStr, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation, clientPid, clientUid, servicePid),
+                    cameraIdStr, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation, clientPid, clientUid, servicePid,
+                    /*overrideToPortrait*/false),
             mRemoteCallback(remoteCallback), mOfflineSession(session),
             mCompositeStreamMap(offlineCompositeStreamMap) {}
 
@@ -84,6 +85,13 @@
     bool supportsCameraMute() override;
     status_t setCameraMute(bool enabled) override;
 
+    status_t setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) override;
+
+    void setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+            const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) override;
+
+    void clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() override;
+
     // permissions management
     status_t startCameraOps() override;
     status_t finishCameraOps() override;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/HeicCompositeStream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/HeicCompositeStream.cpp
index 54cc27a..237ce5e 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/HeicCompositeStream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/HeicCompositeStream.cpp
@@ -1161,11 +1161,13 @@
     inputFrame.fileFd = -1;
 
     // Fill in HEIC header
-    uint8_t *header = static_cast<uint8_t*>(dstBuffer) + mMaxHeicBufferSize - sizeof(CameraBlob);
-    CameraBlob *blobHeader = (CameraBlob *)header;
     // Must be in sync with CAMERA3_HEIC_BLOB_ID in android_media_Utils.cpp
-    blobHeader->blobId = static_cast<CameraBlobId>(0x00FE);
-    blobHeader->blobSizeBytes = fSize;
+    uint8_t *header = static_cast<uint8_t*>(dstBuffer) + mMaxHeicBufferSize - sizeof(CameraBlob);
+    CameraBlob blobHeader = {
+        .blobId = static_cast<CameraBlobId>(0x00FE),
+        .blobSizeBytes = static_cast<int32_t>(fSize)
+    };
+    memcpy(header, &blobHeader, sizeof(CameraBlob));
 
     res = native_window_set_buffers_timestamp(mOutputSurface.get(), inputFrame.timestamp);
     if (res != OK) {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.cpp
index a3d24ff..bf6be64 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.cpp
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-const static size_t kDisconnectTimeoutMs = 2500;
-
 using namespace camera2;
 
 // Interface used by CameraService
@@ -62,10 +60,11 @@
         uid_t clientUid,
         int servicePid,
         bool overrideForPerfClass,
+        bool overrideToPortrait,
         bool legacyClient):
         TClientBase(cameraService, remoteCallback, clientPackageName, systemNativeClient,
                 clientFeatureId, cameraId, api1CameraId, cameraFacing, sensorOrientation, clientPid,
-                clientUid, servicePid),
+                clientUid, servicePid, overrideToPortrait),
         mSharedCameraCallbacks(remoteCallback),
         mDeviceActive(false), mApi1CameraId(api1CameraId)
 {
@@ -119,12 +118,12 @@
         case IPCTransport::HIDL:
             mDevice =
                     new HidlCamera3Device(TClientBase::mCameraIdStr, mOverrideForPerfClass,
-                            mLegacyClient);
+                            TClientBase::mOverrideToPortrait, mLegacyClient);
             break;
         case IPCTransport::AIDL:
             mDevice =
                     new AidlCamera3Device(TClientBase::mCameraIdStr, mOverrideForPerfClass,
-                            mLegacyClient);
+                            TClientBase::mOverrideToPortrait, mLegacyClient);
              break;
         default:
             ALOGE("%s Invalid transport for camera id %s", __FUNCTION__,
@@ -252,10 +251,16 @@
 
 template <typename TClientBase>
 binder::Status Camera2ClientBase<TClientBase>::disconnect() {
-    if (mCameraServiceWatchdog != nullptr) {
+    if (mCameraServiceWatchdog != nullptr && mDevice != nullptr) {
+        // Timer for the disconnect call should be greater than getExpectedInFlightDuration
+        // since this duration is used to error handle methods in the disconnect sequence
+        // thus allowing existing error handling methods to execute first
+        uint64_t maxExpectedDuration =
+                ns2ms(mDevice->getExpectedInFlightDuration() + kBufferTimeDisconnectNs);
+
         // Initialization from hal succeeded, time disconnect.
         return mCameraServiceWatchdog->WATCH_CUSTOM_TIMER(disconnectImpl(),
-                kDisconnectTimeoutMs / kCycleLengthMs, kCycleLengthMs);
+                maxExpectedDuration / kCycleLengthMs, kCycleLengthMs);
     }
     return disconnectImpl();
 }
@@ -338,6 +343,29 @@
 }
 
 template <typename TClientBase>
+void Camera2ClientBase<TClientBase>::notifyPhysicalCameraChange(const std::string &physicalId) {
+    // We're only interested in this notification if overrideToPortrait is turned on.
+    if (!TClientBase::mOverrideToPortrait) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    String8 physicalId8(physicalId.c_str());
+    auto physicalCameraMetadata = mDevice->infoPhysical(physicalId8);
+    auto orientationEntry = physicalCameraMetadata.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION);
+
+    if (orientationEntry.count == 1) {
+        int orientation = orientationEntry.data.i32[0];
+        int rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_NONE;
+
+        if (orientation == 0 || orientation == 180) {
+            rotateAndCropMode = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90;
+        }
+
+        static_cast<TClientBase *>(this)->setRotateAndCropOverride(rotateAndCropMode);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename TClientBase>
 status_t Camera2ClientBase<TClientBase>::notifyActive(float maxPreviewFps) {
     if (!mDeviceActive) {
         status_t res = TClientBase::startCameraStreamingOps();
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.h
index 3af781b..705fe69 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/Camera2ClientBase.h
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
                       uid_t clientUid,
                       int servicePid,
                       bool overrideForPerfClass,
+                      bool overrideToPortrait,
                       bool legacyClient = false);
     virtual ~Camera2ClientBase();
 
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@
 
     virtual void          notifyError(int32_t errorCode,
                                       const CaptureResultExtras& resultExtras);
+    virtual void          notifyPhysicalCameraChange(const std::string &physicalId) override;
     // Returns errors on app ops permission failures
     virtual status_t      notifyActive(float maxPreviewFps);
     virtual void          notifyIdle(int64_t /*requestCount*/, int64_t /*resultErrorCount*/,
@@ -132,6 +134,9 @@
 
 protected:
 
+    // Used for watchdog timeout to monitor disconnect
+    static const nsecs_t kBufferTimeDisconnectNs = 3000000000; // 3 sec.
+
     // The PID provided in the constructor call
     pid_t mInitialClientPid;
     bool mOverrideForPerfClass = false;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
index 7e2f93c..8f7b16d 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
@@ -449,6 +449,11 @@
     virtual status_t setCameraMute(bool enabled) = 0;
 
     /**
+     * Enable/disable camera service watchdog
+     */
+    virtual status_t setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) = 0;
+
+    /**
      * Get the status tracker of the camera device
      */
     virtual wp<camera3::StatusTracker> getStatusTracker() = 0;
@@ -459,6 +464,15 @@
     void setImageDumpMask(int mask) { mImageDumpMask = mask; }
 
     /**
+     * Set stream use case overrides
+     */
+    void setStreamUseCaseOverrides(const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) {
+          mStreamUseCaseOverrides = useCaseOverrides;
+    }
+
+    void clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {}
+
+    /**
      * The injection camera session to replace the internal camera
      * session.
      */
@@ -472,6 +486,7 @@
 
 protected:
     bool mImageDumpMask = 0;
+    std::vector<int64_t> mStreamUseCaseOverrides;
 };
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraOfflineSessionBase.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraOfflineSessionBase.h
index f39b92a..63abcf0 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraOfflineSessionBase.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraOfflineSessionBase.h
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@
     // Required for API 1 and 2
     virtual void notifyError(int32_t errorCode,
                              const CaptureResultExtras &resultExtras) = 0;
+
+    // Optional for API 1 and 2
+    virtual void notifyPhysicalCameraChange(const std::string &/*physicalId*/) {}
+
     // May return an error since it checks appops
     virtual status_t notifyActive(float maxPreviewFps) = 0;
     virtual void notifyIdle(int64_t requestCount, int64_t resultError, bool deviceError,
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.cpp
index 6ef16b3..43f92a9 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.cpp
@@ -197,12 +197,17 @@
     return std::make_pair(systemCameraCount, publicCameraCount);
 }
 
-std::vector<std::string> CameraProviderManager::getCameraDeviceIds() const {
+std::vector<std::string> CameraProviderManager::getCameraDeviceIds(std::unordered_map<
+            std::string, std::set<std::string>>* unavailablePhysicalIds) const {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mInterfaceMutex);
     std::vector<std::string> deviceIds;
     for (auto& provider : mProviders) {
         for (auto& id : provider->mUniqueCameraIds) {
             deviceIds.push_back(id);
+            if (unavailablePhysicalIds != nullptr &&
+                    provider->mUnavailablePhysicalCameras.count(id) > 0) {
+                (*unavailablePhysicalIds)[id] = provider->mUnavailablePhysicalCameras.at(id);
+            }
         }
     }
     return deviceIds;
@@ -318,13 +323,13 @@
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::getCameraInfo(const std::string &id,
-        hardware::CameraInfo* info) const {
+        bool overrideToPortrait, int *portraitRotation, hardware::CameraInfo* info) const {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mInterfaceMutex);
 
     auto deviceInfo = findDeviceInfoLocked(id);
     if (deviceInfo == nullptr) return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
 
-    return deviceInfo->getCameraInfo(info);
+    return deviceInfo->getCameraInfo(overrideToPortrait, portraitRotation, info);
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::isSessionConfigurationSupported(const std::string& id,
@@ -356,9 +361,11 @@
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::getCameraCharacteristics(const std::string &id,
-        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics) const {
+        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics,
+        bool overrideToPortrait) const {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mInterfaceMutex);
-    return getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(id, overrideForPerfClass, characteristics);
+    return getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(id, overrideForPerfClass, characteristics,
+            overrideToPortrait);
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::getHighestSupportedVersion(const std::string &id,
@@ -839,9 +846,6 @@
 
 void CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::initializeProviderInfoCommon(
         const std::vector<std::string> &devices) {
-
-    sp<StatusListener> listener = mManager->getStatusListener();
-
     for (auto& device : devices) {
         std::string id;
         status_t res = addDevice(device, CameraDeviceStatus::PRESENT, &id);
@@ -856,38 +860,22 @@
             mProviderName.c_str(), mDevices.size());
 
     // Process cached status callbacks
-    std::unique_ptr<std::vector<CameraStatusInfoT>> cachedStatus =
-            std::make_unique<std::vector<CameraStatusInfoT>>();
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mInitLock);
 
         for (auto& statusInfo : mCachedStatus) {
             std::string id, physicalId;
-            status_t res = OK;
             if (statusInfo.isPhysicalCameraStatus) {
-                res = physicalCameraDeviceStatusChangeLocked(&id, &physicalId,
+                physicalCameraDeviceStatusChangeLocked(&id, &physicalId,
                     statusInfo.cameraId, statusInfo.physicalCameraId, statusInfo.status);
             } else {
-                res = cameraDeviceStatusChangeLocked(&id, statusInfo.cameraId, statusInfo.status);
-            }
-            if (res == OK) {
-                cachedStatus->emplace_back(statusInfo.isPhysicalCameraStatus,
-                        id.c_str(), physicalId.c_str(), statusInfo.status);
+                cameraDeviceStatusChangeLocked(&id, statusInfo.cameraId, statusInfo.status);
             }
         }
         mCachedStatus.clear();
 
         mInitialized = true;
     }
-
-    // The cached status change callbacks cannot be fired directly from this
-    // function, due to same-thread deadlock trying to acquire mInterfaceMutex
-    // twice.
-    if (listener != nullptr) {
-        mInitialStatusCallbackFuture = std::async(std::launch::async,
-                &CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::notifyInitialStatusChange, this,
-                listener, std::move(cachedStatus));
-    }
 }
 
 CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo* CameraProviderManager::findDeviceInfoLocked(
@@ -1957,6 +1945,7 @@
     for (auto it = mDevices.begin(); it != mDevices.end(); it++) {
         if ((*it)->mId == id) {
             mUniqueCameraIds.erase(id);
+            mUnavailablePhysicalCameras.erase(id);
             if ((*it)->isAPI1Compatible()) {
                 mUniqueAPI1CompatibleCameraIds.erase(std::remove(
                     mUniqueAPI1CompatibleCameraIds.begin(),
@@ -2027,7 +2016,9 @@
         dprintf(fd, "    Has a flash unit: %s\n",
                 device->hasFlashUnit() ? "true" : "false");
         hardware::CameraInfo info;
-        status_t res = device->getCameraInfo(&info);
+        int portraitRotation;
+        status_t res = device->getCameraInfo(/*overrideToPortrait*/false, &portraitRotation,
+                &info);
         if (res != OK) {
             dprintf(fd, "   <Error reading camera info: %s (%d)>\n",
                     strerror(-res), res);
@@ -2037,7 +2028,8 @@
             dprintf(fd, "    Orientation: %d\n", info.orientation);
         }
         CameraMetadata info2;
-        res = device->getCameraCharacteristics(true /*overrideForPerfClass*/, &info2);
+        res = device->getCameraCharacteristics(true /*overrideForPerfClass*/, &info2,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/false);
         if (res == INVALID_OPERATION) {
             dprintf(fd, "  API2 not directly supported\n");
         } else if (res != OK) {
@@ -2224,6 +2216,15 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
+    if (mUnavailablePhysicalCameras.count(cameraId) == 0) {
+        mUnavailablePhysicalCameras.emplace(cameraId, std::set<std::string>{});
+    }
+    if (newStatus != CameraDeviceStatus::PRESENT) {
+        mUnavailablePhysicalCameras[cameraId].insert(physicalCameraDeviceName);
+    } else {
+        mUnavailablePhysicalCameras[cameraId].erase(physicalCameraDeviceName);
+    }
+
     *id = cameraId;
     *physicalId = physicalCameraDeviceName.c_str();
     return OK;
@@ -2282,20 +2283,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-void CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::notifyInitialStatusChange(
-        sp<StatusListener> listener,
-        std::unique_ptr<std::vector<CameraStatusInfoT>> cachedStatus) {
-    for (auto& statusInfo : *cachedStatus) {
-        if (statusInfo.isPhysicalCameraStatus) {
-            listener->onDeviceStatusChanged(String8(statusInfo.cameraId.c_str()),
-                    String8(statusInfo.physicalCameraId.c_str()), statusInfo.status);
-        } else {
-            listener->onDeviceStatusChanged(
-                    String8(statusInfo.cameraId.c_str()), statusInfo.status);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo3::DeviceInfo3(const std::string& name,
         const metadata_vendor_id_t tagId, const std::string &id,
         uint16_t minorVersion,
@@ -2314,6 +2301,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo3::getCameraInfo(
+        bool overrideToPortrait, int *portraitRotation,
         hardware::CameraInfo *info) const {
     if (info == nullptr) return BAD_VALUE;
 
@@ -2344,6 +2332,17 @@
         return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
     }
 
+    if (overrideToPortrait && (info->orientation == 0 || info->orientation == 180)) {
+        *portraitRotation = 90;
+        if (info->facing == hardware::CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
+            info->orientation = (360 + info->orientation - 90) % 360;
+        } else {
+            info->orientation = (360 + info->orientation + 90) % 360;
+        }
+    } else {
+        *portraitRotation = 0;
+    }
+
     return OK;
 }
 bool CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo3::isAPI1Compatible() const {
@@ -2369,7 +2368,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo3::getCameraCharacteristics(
-        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata *characteristics) const {
+        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata *characteristics, bool overrideToPortrait) {
     if (characteristics == nullptr) return BAD_VALUE;
 
     if (!overrideForPerfClass && mCameraCharNoPCOverride != nullptr) {
@@ -2378,6 +2377,37 @@
         *characteristics = mCameraCharacteristics;
     }
 
+    if (overrideToPortrait) {
+        const auto &lensFacingEntry = characteristics->find(ANDROID_LENS_FACING);
+        const auto &sensorOrientationEntry = characteristics->find(ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION);
+        uint8_t lensFacing = lensFacingEntry.data.u8[0];
+        if (lensFacingEntry.count > 0 && sensorOrientationEntry.count > 0) {
+            int32_t sensorOrientation = sensorOrientationEntry.data.i32[0];
+            int32_t newSensorOrientation = sensorOrientation;
+
+            if (sensorOrientation == 0 || sensorOrientation == 180) {
+                if (lensFacing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
+                    newSensorOrientation = (360 + sensorOrientation - 90) % 360;
+                } else if (lensFacing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_BACK) {
+                    newSensorOrientation = (360 + sensorOrientation + 90) % 360;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (newSensorOrientation != sensorOrientation) {
+                ALOGV("%s: Update ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION for lens facing %d "
+                        "from %d to %d", __FUNCTION__, lensFacing, sensorOrientation,
+                        newSensorOrientation);
+                characteristics->update(ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION, &newSensorOrientation, 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (characteristics->exists(ANDROID_INFO_DEVICE_STATE_ORIENTATIONS)) {
+            ALOGV("%s: Erasing ANDROID_INFO_DEVICE_STATE_ORIENTATIONS for lens facing %d",
+                    __FUNCTION__, lensFacing);
+            characteristics->erase(ANDROID_INFO_DEVICE_STATE_ORIENTATIONS);
+        }
+    }
+
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -2409,8 +2439,8 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < streamConfigs.count; i += 4) {
         if ((streamConfigs.data.i32[i] == HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BLOB) && (streamConfigs.data.i32[i+3] ==
                 ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_OUTPUT)) {
-            if (streamConfigs.data.i32[i+1] < thresholdW  ||
-                    streamConfigs.data.i32[i+2] < thresholdH) {
+            if (streamConfigs.data.i32[i+1] * streamConfigs.data.i32[i+2] <
+                    thresholdW * thresholdH) {
                 continue;
             } else {
                 largeJpegCount ++;
@@ -2430,8 +2460,8 @@
             mCameraCharacteristics.find(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < minDurations.count; i += 4) {
         if (minDurations.data.i64[i] == HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BLOB) {
-            if (minDurations.data.i64[i+1] < thresholdW ||
-                    minDurations.data.i64[i+2] < thresholdH) {
+            if ((int32_t)minDurations.data.i64[i+1] * (int32_t)minDurations.data.i64[i+2] <
+                    thresholdW * thresholdH) {
                 continue;
             } else {
                 largeJpegCount++;
@@ -2451,8 +2481,8 @@
             mCameraCharacteristics.find(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STALL_DURATIONS);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < stallDurations.count; i += 4) {
         if (stallDurations.data.i64[i] == HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BLOB) {
-            if (stallDurations.data.i64[i+1] < thresholdW ||
-                    stallDurations.data.i64[i+2] < thresholdH) {
+            if ((int32_t)stallDurations.data.i64[i+1] * (int32_t)stallDurations.data.i64[i+2] <
+                    thresholdW * thresholdH) {
                 continue;
             } else {
                 largeJpegCount++;
@@ -2645,9 +2675,6 @@
 }
 
 CameraProviderManager::ProviderInfo::~ProviderInfo() {
-    if (mInitialStatusCallbackFuture.valid()) {
-        mInitialStatusCallbackFuture.wait();
-    }
     // Destruction of ProviderInfo is only supposed to happen when the respective
     // CameraProvider interface dies, so do not unregister callbacks.
 }
@@ -2710,10 +2737,12 @@
 }
 
 status_t CameraProviderManager::getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(const std::string &id,
-        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics) const {
+        bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics,
+        bool overrideToPortrait) const {
     auto deviceInfo = findDeviceInfoLocked(id);
     if (deviceInfo != nullptr) {
-        return deviceInfo->getCameraCharacteristics(overrideForPerfClass, characteristics);
+        return deviceInfo->getCameraCharacteristics(overrideForPerfClass, characteristics,
+                overrideToPortrait);
     }
 
     // Find hidden physical camera characteristics
@@ -2748,7 +2777,9 @@
         combo.push_back(deviceId);
 
         hardware::CameraInfo info;
-        status_t res = deviceInfo->getCameraInfo(&info);
+        int portraitRotation;
+        status_t res = deviceInfo->getCameraInfo(/*overrideToPortrait*/false, &portraitRotation,
+                &info);
         if (res != OK) {
             ALOGE("%s: Error reading camera info: %s (%d)", __FUNCTION__, strerror(-res), res);
             continue;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.h
index d049aff..e8d9a37 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraProviderManager.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <mutex>
-#include <future>
 
 #include <camera/camera2/ConcurrentCamera.h>
 #include <camera/CameraParameters2.h>
@@ -220,7 +219,14 @@
      */
     std::pair<int, int> getCameraCount() const;
 
-    std::vector<std::string> getCameraDeviceIds() const;
+    /**
+     * Upon the function return, if unavailablePhysicalIds is not nullptr, it
+     * will contain all of the unavailable physical camera Ids represented in
+     * the form of:
+     * {[logicalCamera, {physicalCamera1, physicalCamera2, ...}], ...}.
+     */
+    std::vector<std::string> getCameraDeviceIds(std::unordered_map<
+            std::string, std::set<std::string>>* unavailablePhysicalIds = nullptr) const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieve the number of API1 compatible cameras; these are internal and
@@ -251,14 +257,15 @@
      * Return the old camera API camera info
      */
     status_t getCameraInfo(const std::string &id,
-            hardware::CameraInfo* info) const;
+            bool overrideToPortrait, int *portraitRotation, hardware::CameraInfo* info) const;
 
     /**
      * Return API2 camera characteristics - returns NAME_NOT_FOUND if a device ID does
      * not have a v3 or newer HAL version.
      */
     status_t getCameraCharacteristics(const std::string &id,
-            bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics) const;
+            bool overrideForPerfClass, CameraMetadata* characteristics,
+            bool overrideToPortrait) const;
 
     status_t isConcurrentSessionConfigurationSupported(
             const std::vector<hardware::camera2::utils::CameraIdAndSessionConfiguration>
@@ -560,13 +567,16 @@
             virtual status_t setTorchMode(bool enabled) = 0;
             virtual status_t turnOnTorchWithStrengthLevel(int32_t torchStrength) = 0;
             virtual status_t getTorchStrengthLevel(int32_t *torchStrength) = 0;
-            virtual status_t getCameraInfo(hardware::CameraInfo *info) const = 0;
+            virtual status_t getCameraInfo(bool overrideToPortrait,
+                    int *portraitRotation,
+                    hardware::CameraInfo *info) const = 0;
             virtual bool isAPI1Compatible() const = 0;
             virtual status_t dumpState(int fd) = 0;
             virtual status_t getCameraCharacteristics(bool overrideForPerfClass,
-                    CameraMetadata *characteristics) const {
+                    CameraMetadata *characteristics, bool overrideToPortrait) {
                 (void) overrideForPerfClass;
                 (void) characteristics;
+                (void) overrideToPortrait;
                 return INVALID_OPERATION;
             }
             virtual status_t getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics(const std::string& physicalCameraId,
@@ -607,6 +617,7 @@
         };
         std::vector<std::unique_ptr<DeviceInfo>> mDevices;
         std::unordered_set<std::string> mUniqueCameraIds;
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, std::set<std::string>> mUnavailablePhysicalCameras;
         int mUniqueDeviceCount;
         std::vector<std::string> mUniqueAPI1CompatibleCameraIds;
         // The initial public camera IDs published by the camera provider.
@@ -622,12 +633,15 @@
             virtual status_t setTorchMode(bool enabled) = 0;
             virtual status_t turnOnTorchWithStrengthLevel(int32_t torchStrength) = 0;
             virtual status_t getTorchStrengthLevel(int32_t *torchStrength) = 0;
-            virtual status_t getCameraInfo(hardware::CameraInfo *info) const override;
+            virtual status_t getCameraInfo(bool overrideToPortrait,
+                    int *portraitRotation,
+                    hardware::CameraInfo *info) const override;
             virtual bool isAPI1Compatible() const override;
             virtual status_t dumpState(int fd) = 0;
             virtual status_t getCameraCharacteristics(
                     bool overrideForPerfClass,
-                    CameraMetadata *characteristics) const override;
+                    CameraMetadata *characteristics,
+                    bool overrideToPortrait) override;
             virtual status_t getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics(const std::string& physicalCameraId,
                     CameraMetadata *characteristics) const override;
             virtual status_t isSessionConfigurationSupported(
@@ -715,8 +729,6 @@
         std::vector<CameraStatusInfoT> mCachedStatus;
         // End of scope for mInitLock
 
-        std::future<void> mInitialStatusCallbackFuture;
-
         std::unique_ptr<ProviderInfo::DeviceInfo>
         virtual initializeDeviceInfo(
                 const std::string &name, const metadata_vendor_id_t tagId,
@@ -724,9 +736,6 @@
 
         virtual status_t reCacheConcurrentStreamingCameraIdsLocked() = 0;
 
-        void notifyInitialStatusChange(sp<StatusListener> listener,
-                std::unique_ptr<std::vector<CameraStatusInfoT>> cachedStatus);
-
         std::vector<std::unordered_set<std::string>> mConcurrentCameraIdCombinations;
 
         // Parse provider instance name for type and id
@@ -830,7 +839,7 @@
         const hardware::camera::common::V1_0::TorchModeStatus&);
 
     status_t getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(const std::string &id, bool overrideForPerfClass,
-            CameraMetadata* characteristics) const;
+            CameraMetadata* characteristics, bool overrideToPortrait) const;
     void filterLogicalCameraIdsLocked(std::vector<std::string>& deviceIds) const;
 
     status_t getSystemCameraKindLocked(const std::string& id, SystemCameraKind *kind) const;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/aidl/AidlProviderInfo.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/aidl/AidlProviderInfo.cpp
index ef68f28..2c035de 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/aidl/AidlProviderInfo.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/aidl/AidlProviderInfo.cpp
@@ -759,7 +759,8 @@
         bool overrideForPerfClass =
                 SessionConfigurationUtils::targetPerfClassPrimaryCamera(
                         perfClassPrimaryCameraIds, cameraId, targetSdkVersion);
-        res = mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(cameraId, overrideForPerfClass, &deviceInfo);
+        res = mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(cameraId, overrideForPerfClass, &deviceInfo,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
         if (res != OK) {
             return res;
         }
@@ -767,7 +768,7 @@
                 [this](const String8 &id, bool overrideForPerfClass) {
                     CameraMetadata physicalDeviceInfo;
                     mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(id.string(), overrideForPerfClass,
-                                                   &physicalDeviceInfo);
+                                                   &physicalDeviceInfo, /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
                     return physicalDeviceInfo;
                 };
         std::vector<std::string> physicalCameraIds;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/hidl/HidlProviderInfo.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/hidl/HidlProviderInfo.cpp
index d60565f..1df6ec4 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/hidl/HidlProviderInfo.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/hidl/HidlProviderInfo.cpp
@@ -919,7 +919,8 @@
         bool overrideForPerfClass =
                 SessionConfigurationUtils::targetPerfClassPrimaryCamera(
                         perfClassPrimaryCameraIds, cameraId, targetSdkVersion);
-        res = mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(cameraId, overrideForPerfClass, &deviceInfo);
+        res = mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(cameraId, overrideForPerfClass, &deviceInfo,
+                /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
         if (res != OK) {
             return res;
         }
@@ -927,7 +928,7 @@
                 [this](const String8 &id, bool overrideForPerfClass) {
                     CameraMetadata physicalDeviceInfo;
                     mManager->getCameraCharacteristicsLocked(id.string(), overrideForPerfClass,
-                                                   &physicalDeviceInfo);
+                            &physicalDeviceInfo, /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
                     return physicalDeviceInfo;
                 };
         std::vector<std::string> physicalCameraIds;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
index 7c2f34f..d033395 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-Camera3Device::Camera3Device(const String8 &id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool legacyClient):
+Camera3Device::Camera3Device(const String8 &id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait,
+        bool legacyClient):
         mId(id),
         mLegacyClient(legacyClient),
         mOperatingMode(NO_MODE),
@@ -94,7 +95,9 @@
         mVendorTagId(CAMERA_METADATA_INVALID_VENDOR_ID),
         mLastTemplateId(-1),
         mNeedFixupMonochromeTags(false),
-        mOverrideForPerfClass(overrideForPerfClass)
+        mOverrideForPerfClass(overrideForPerfClass),
+        mOverrideToPortrait(overrideToPortrait),
+        mActivePhysicalId("")
 {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     ALOGV("%s: Created device for camera %s", __FUNCTION__, mId.string());
@@ -113,10 +116,6 @@
 
 status_t Camera3Device::initializeCommonLocked() {
 
-    /** Start watchdog thread */
-    mCameraServiceWatchdog = new CameraServiceWatchdog();
-    mCameraServiceWatchdog->run("CameraServiceWatchdog");
-
     /** Start up status tracker thread */
     mStatusTracker = new StatusTracker(this);
     status_t res = mStatusTracker->run(String8::format("C3Dev-%s-Status", mId.string()).string());
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@
     /** Start up request queue thread */
     mRequestThread = createNewRequestThread(
             this, mStatusTracker, mInterface, sessionParamKeys,
-            mUseHalBufManager, mSupportCameraMute);
+            mUseHalBufManager, mSupportCameraMute, mOverrideToPortrait);
     res = mRequestThread->run(String8::format("C3Dev-%s-ReqQueue", mId.string()).string());
     if (res != OK) {
         SET_ERR_L("Unable to start request queue thread: %s (%d)",
@@ -230,6 +229,15 @@
     // Hidl/AidlCamera3DeviceInjectionMethods
     mInjectionMethods = createCamera3DeviceInjectionMethods(this);
 
+    /** Start watchdog thread */
+    mCameraServiceWatchdog = new CameraServiceWatchdog();
+    res = mCameraServiceWatchdog->run("CameraServiceWatchdog");
+    if (res != OK) {
+        SET_ERR_L("Unable to start camera service watchdog thread: %s (%d)",
+                strerror(-res), res);
+        return res;
+    }
+
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -1737,7 +1745,7 @@
     }
 
     // Calculate expected duration for flush with additional buffer time in ms for watchdog
-    uint64_t maxExpectedDuration = (getExpectedInFlightDuration() + kBaseGetBufferWait) / 1e6;
+    uint64_t maxExpectedDuration = ns2ms(getExpectedInFlightDuration() + kBaseGetBufferWait);
     status_t res = mCameraServiceWatchdog->WATCH_CUSTOM_TIMER(mRequestThread->flush(),
             maxExpectedDuration / kCycleLengthMs, kCycleLengthMs);
 
@@ -2330,6 +2338,9 @@
         tryRemoveFakeStreamLocked();
     }
 
+    // Override stream use case based on "adb shell command"
+    overrideStreamUseCaseLocked();
+
     // Start configuring the streams
     ALOGV("%s: Camera %s: Starting stream configuration", __FUNCTION__, mId.string());
 
@@ -2674,7 +2685,7 @@
 status_t Camera3Device::registerInFlight(uint32_t frameNumber,
         int32_t numBuffers, CaptureResultExtras resultExtras, bool hasInput,
         bool hasAppCallback, nsecs_t minExpectedDuration, nsecs_t maxExpectedDuration,
-        const std::set<std::set<String8>>& physicalCameraIds,
+        bool isFixedFps, const std::set<std::set<String8>>& physicalCameraIds,
         bool isStillCapture, bool isZslCapture, bool rotateAndCropAuto,
         const std::set<std::string>& cameraIdsWithZoom,
         const SurfaceMap& outputSurfaces, nsecs_t requestTimeNs) {
@@ -2683,7 +2694,7 @@
 
     ssize_t res;
     res = mInFlightMap.add(frameNumber, InFlightRequest(numBuffers, resultExtras, hasInput,
-            hasAppCallback, minExpectedDuration, maxExpectedDuration, physicalCameraIds,
+            hasAppCallback, minExpectedDuration, maxExpectedDuration, isFixedFps, physicalCameraIds,
             isStillCapture, isZslCapture, rotateAndCropAuto, cameraIdsWithZoom, requestTimeNs,
             outputSurfaces));
     if (res < 0) return res;
@@ -2874,7 +2885,8 @@
         sp<StatusTracker> statusTracker,
         sp<HalInterface> interface, const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
         bool useHalBufManager,
-        bool supportCameraMute) :
+        bool supportCameraMute,
+        bool overrideToPortrait) :
         Thread(/*canCallJava*/false),
         mParent(parent),
         mStatusTracker(statusTracker),
@@ -2903,7 +2915,8 @@
         mSessionParamKeys(sessionParamKeys),
         mLatestSessionParams(sessionParamKeys.size()),
         mUseHalBufManager(useHalBufManager),
-        mSupportCameraMute(supportCameraMute){
+        mSupportCameraMute(supportCameraMute),
+        mOverrideToPortrait(overrideToPortrait) {
     mStatusId = statusTracker->addComponent("RequestThread");
 }
 
@@ -3243,16 +3256,18 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-std::pair<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> Camera3Device::RequestThread::calculateExpectedDurationRange(
-        const camera_metadata_t *request) {
-    std::pair<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> expectedRange(
+Camera3Device::RequestThread::ExpectedDurationInfo
+        Camera3Device::RequestThread::calculateExpectedDurationRange(
+                const camera_metadata_t *request) {
+    ExpectedDurationInfo expectedDurationInfo = {
             InFlightRequest::kDefaultMinExpectedDuration,
-            InFlightRequest::kDefaultMaxExpectedDuration);
+            InFlightRequest::kDefaultMaxExpectedDuration,
+            /*isFixedFps*/false};
     camera_metadata_ro_entry_t e = camera_metadata_ro_entry_t();
     find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(request,
             ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_MODE,
             &e);
-    if (e.count == 0) return expectedRange;
+    if (e.count == 0) return expectedDurationInfo;
 
     switch (e.data.u8[0]) {
         case ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_MODE_OFF:
@@ -3260,29 +3275,32 @@
                     ANDROID_SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME,
                     &e);
             if (e.count > 0) {
-                expectedRange.first = e.data.i64[0];
-                expectedRange.second = expectedRange.first;
+                expectedDurationInfo.minDuration = e.data.i64[0];
+                expectedDurationInfo.maxDuration = expectedDurationInfo.minDuration;
             }
             find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(request,
                     ANDROID_SENSOR_FRAME_DURATION,
                     &e);
             if (e.count > 0) {
-                expectedRange.first = std::max(e.data.i64[0], expectedRange.first);
-                expectedRange.second = expectedRange.first;
+                expectedDurationInfo.minDuration =
+                        std::max(e.data.i64[0], expectedDurationInfo.minDuration);
+                expectedDurationInfo.maxDuration = expectedDurationInfo.minDuration;
             }
+            expectedDurationInfo.isFixedFps = false;
             break;
         default:
             find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(request,
                     ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE,
                     &e);
             if (e.count > 1) {
-                expectedRange.first = 1e9 / e.data.i32[1];
-                expectedRange.second = 1e9 / e.data.i32[0];
+                expectedDurationInfo.minDuration = 1e9 / e.data.i32[1];
+                expectedDurationInfo.maxDuration = 1e9 / e.data.i32[0];
             }
+            expectedDurationInfo.isFixedFps = (e.data.i32[1] == e.data.i32[0]);
             break;
     }
 
-    return expectedRange;
+    return expectedDurationInfo;
 }
 
 bool Camera3Device::RequestThread::skipHFRTargetFPSUpdate(int32_t tag,
@@ -3567,9 +3585,9 @@
         mPrevTriggers = triggerCount;
 
         // Do not override rotate&crop for stream configurations that include
-        // SurfaceViews(HW_COMPOSER) output. The display rotation there will be
-        // compensated by NATIVE_WINDOW_TRANSFORM_INVERSE_DISPLAY
-        bool rotateAndCropChanged = mComposerOutput ? false :
+        // SurfaceViews(HW_COMPOSER) output, unless mOverrideToPortrait is set.
+        // The display rotation there will be compensated by NATIVE_WINDOW_TRANSFORM_INVERSE_DISPLAY
+        bool rotateAndCropChanged = (mComposerOutput && !mOverrideToPortrait) ? false :
             overrideAutoRotateAndCrop(captureRequest);
         bool testPatternChanged = overrideTestPattern(captureRequest);
 
@@ -3897,13 +3915,14 @@
                 isZslCapture = true;
             }
         }
-        auto expectedDurationRange = calculateExpectedDurationRange(settings);
+        auto expectedDurationInfo = calculateExpectedDurationRange(settings);
         res = parent->registerInFlight(halRequest->frame_number,
                 totalNumBuffers, captureRequest->mResultExtras,
                 /*hasInput*/halRequest->input_buffer != NULL,
                 hasCallback,
-                /*min*/expectedDurationRange.first,
-                /*max*/expectedDurationRange.second,
+                expectedDurationInfo.minDuration,
+                expectedDurationInfo.maxDuration,
+                expectedDurationInfo.isFixedFps,
                 requestedPhysicalCameras, isStillCapture, isZslCapture,
                 captureRequest->mRotateAndCropAuto, mPrevCameraIdsWithZoom,
                 (mUseHalBufManager) ? uniqueSurfaceIdMap :
@@ -4094,6 +4113,30 @@
     }
 }
 
+status_t Camera3Device::setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled) {
+    Mutex::Autolock il(mInterfaceLock);
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+
+    if (mCameraServiceWatchdog != NULL) {
+        mCameraServiceWatchdog->setEnabled(enabled);
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+void Camera3Device::setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+        const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides) {
+    Mutex::Autolock il(mInterfaceLock);
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+    mStreamUseCaseOverrides = useCaseOverrides;
+}
+
+void Camera3Device::clearStreamUseCaseOverrides() {
+    Mutex::Autolock il(mInterfaceLock);
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+    mStreamUseCaseOverrides.clear();
+}
+
 void Camera3Device::RequestThread::cleanUpFailedRequests(bool sendRequestError) {
     if (mNextRequests.empty()) {
         return;
@@ -4598,6 +4641,15 @@
         const sp<CaptureRequest> &request) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
+    if (mOverrideToPortrait) {
+        Mutex::Autolock l(mTriggerMutex);
+        uint8_t rotateAndCrop_u8 = mRotateAndCropOverride;
+        CameraMetadata &metadata = request->mSettingsList.begin()->metadata;
+        metadata.update(ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP,
+                &rotateAndCrop_u8, 1);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     if (request->mRotateAndCropAuto) {
         Mutex::Autolock l(mTriggerMutex);
         CameraMetadata &metadata = request->mSettingsList.begin()->metadata;
@@ -5198,4 +5250,55 @@
     return mInjectionMethods->stopInjection();
 }
 
+void Camera3Device::overrideStreamUseCaseLocked() {
+    if (mStreamUseCaseOverrides.size() == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Start from an array of indexes in mStreamUseCaseOverrides, and sort them
+    // based first on size, and second on formats of [JPEG, RAW, YUV, PRIV].
+    std::vector<int> outputStreamsIndices(mOutputStreams.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < outputStreamsIndices.size(); i++) {
+        outputStreamsIndices[i] = i;
+    }
+
+    std::sort(outputStreamsIndices.begin(), outputStreamsIndices.end(),
+            [&](int a, int b) -> bool {
+
+                auto formatScore = [](int format) {
+                    switch (format) {
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BLOB:
+                        return 4;
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW16:
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW10:
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW12:
+                        return 3;
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_420_888:
+                        return 2;
+                    case HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED:
+                        return 1;
+                    default:
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                int sizeA = mOutputStreams[a]->getWidth() * mOutputStreams[a]->getHeight();
+                int sizeB = mOutputStreams[a]->getWidth() * mOutputStreams[a]->getHeight();
+                int formatAScore = formatScore(mOutputStreams[a]->getFormat());
+                int formatBScore = formatScore(mOutputStreams[b]->getFormat());
+                if (sizeA > sizeB ||
+                        (sizeA == sizeB && formatAScore >= formatBScore)) {
+                    return true;
+                } else {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            });
+
+    size_t overlapSize = std::min(mStreamUseCaseOverrides.size(), mOutputStreams.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mOutputStreams.size(); i++) {
+        mOutputStreams[outputStreamsIndices[i]]->setStreamUseCase(
+                mStreamUseCaseOverrides[std::min(i, overlapSize-1)]);
+    }
+}
+
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
index f927b4d..cd214f6 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@
   friend class AidlCamera3Device;
   public:
 
-    explicit Camera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool legacyClient = false);
+    explicit Camera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait,
+            bool legacyClient = false);
 
     virtual ~Camera3Device();
     // Delete and optionally close native handles and clear the input vector afterward
@@ -281,6 +282,18 @@
      */
     status_t setCameraMute(bool enabled);
 
+    /**
+     * Enables/disables camera service watchdog
+     */
+    status_t setCameraServiceWatchdog(bool enabled);
+
+    // Set stream use case overrides
+    void setStreamUseCaseOverrides(
+            const std::vector<int64_t>& useCaseOverrides);
+
+    // Clear stream use case overrides
+    void clearStreamUseCaseOverrides();
+
     // Get the status trackeer for the camera device
     wp<camera3::StatusTracker> getStatusTracker() { return mStatusTracker; }
 
@@ -783,7 +796,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute);
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait);
         ~RequestThread();
 
         void     setNotificationListener(wp<NotificationListener> listener);
@@ -962,8 +976,13 @@
         // send request in mNextRequests to HAL in a batch. Return true = sucssess
         bool sendRequestsBatch();
 
-        // Calculate the expected (minimum, maximum) duration range for a request
-        std::pair<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> calculateExpectedDurationRange(
+        // Calculate the expected (minimum, maximum, isFixedFps) duration info for a request
+        struct ExpectedDurationInfo {
+            nsecs_t minDuration;
+            nsecs_t maxDuration;
+            bool isFixedFps;
+        };
+        ExpectedDurationInfo calculateExpectedDurationRange(
                 const camera_metadata_t *request);
 
         // Check and update latest session parameters based on the current request settings.
@@ -1055,6 +1074,7 @@
 
         const bool         mUseHalBufManager;
         const bool         mSupportCameraMute;
+        const bool         mOverrideToPortrait;
     };
 
     virtual sp<RequestThread> createNewRequestThread(wp<Camera3Device> /*parent*/,
@@ -1062,7 +1082,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> /*interface*/,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& /*sessionParamKeys*/,
                 bool /*useHalBufManager*/,
-                bool /*supportCameraMute*/) = 0;
+                bool /*supportCameraMute*/,
+                bool /*overrideToPortrait*/) = 0;
 
     sp<RequestThread> mRequestThread;
 
@@ -1082,7 +1103,7 @@
     status_t registerInFlight(uint32_t frameNumber,
             int32_t numBuffers, CaptureResultExtras resultExtras, bool hasInput,
             bool callback, nsecs_t minExpectedDuration, nsecs_t maxExpectedDuration,
-            const std::set<std::set<String8>>& physicalCameraIds,
+            bool isFixedFps, const std::set<std::set<String8>>& physicalCameraIds,
             bool isStillCapture, bool isZslCapture, bool rotateAndCropAuto,
             const std::set<std::string>& cameraIdsWithZoom, const SurfaceMap& outputSurfaces,
             nsecs_t requestTimeNs);
@@ -1332,8 +1353,18 @@
     // performance class.
     bool mOverrideForPerfClass;
 
+    // Whether the camera framework overrides the device characteristics for
+    // app compatibility reasons.
+    bool mOverrideToPortrait;
+
+    // Current active physical id of the logical multi-camera, if any
+    std::string mActivePhysicalId;
+
     // The current minimum expected frame duration based on AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE
     nsecs_t mMinExpectedDuration = 0;
+    // Whether the camera device runs at fixed frame rate based on AE_MODE and
+    // AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE
+    bool mIsFixedFps = false;
 
     // Injection camera related methods.
     class Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods : public virtual RefBase {
@@ -1417,6 +1448,8 @@
 
     sp<Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods> mInjectionMethods;
 
+    void overrideStreamUseCaseLocked();
+
 }; // class Camera3Device
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3FakeStream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3FakeStream.h
index 8cecabd..1e9f478 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3FakeStream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3FakeStream.h
@@ -100,7 +100,9 @@
 
     virtual status_t setBatchSize(size_t batchSize) override;
 
-    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t /*duration*/) {}
+    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t /*duration*/, bool /*fixedFps*/) {}
+
+    virtual void setStreamUseCase(int64_t /*streamUseCase*/) {}
   protected:
 
     /**
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.cpp
index add1483..f594f84 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.cpp
@@ -41,8 +41,10 @@
                 physicalCameraId, sensorPixelModesUsed, setId, isMultiResolution,
                 dynamicRangeProfile, streamUseCase, deviceTimeBaseIsRealtime, timestampBase),
         mTotalBufferCount(0),
+        mMaxCachedBufferCount(0),
         mHandoutTotalBufferCount(0),
         mHandoutOutputBufferCount(0),
+        mCachedOutputBufferCount(0),
         mFrameCount(0),
         mLastTimestamp(0) {
 
@@ -95,8 +97,8 @@
     lines.appendFormat("      Timestamp base: %d\n", getTimestampBase());
     lines.appendFormat("      Frames produced: %d, last timestamp: %" PRId64 " ns\n",
             mFrameCount, mLastTimestamp);
-    lines.appendFormat("      Total buffers: %zu, currently dequeued: %zu\n",
-            mTotalBufferCount, mHandoutTotalBufferCount);
+    lines.appendFormat("      Total buffers: %zu, currently dequeued: %zu, currently cached: %zu\n",
+            mTotalBufferCount, mHandoutTotalBufferCount, mCachedOutputBufferCount);
     write(fd, lines.string(), lines.size());
 
     Camera3Stream::dump(fd, args);
@@ -135,6 +137,14 @@
     return (mHandoutTotalBufferCount - mHandoutOutputBufferCount);
 }
 
+size_t Camera3IOStreamBase::getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked() const {
+    return mCachedOutputBufferCount;
+}
+
+size_t Camera3IOStreamBase::getMaxCachedOutputBuffersLocked() const {
+    return mMaxCachedBufferCount;
+}
+
 status_t Camera3IOStreamBase::disconnectLocked() {
     switch (mState) {
         case STATE_IN_RECONFIG:
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.h
index f389d53..ca1f238 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3IOStreamBase.h
@@ -56,11 +56,18 @@
     int              getMaxTotalBuffers() const { return mTotalBufferCount; }
   protected:
     size_t            mTotalBufferCount;
+    // The maximum number of cached buffers allowed for this stream
+    size_t            mMaxCachedBufferCount;
+
     // sum of input and output buffers that are currently acquired by HAL
     size_t            mHandoutTotalBufferCount;
     // number of output buffers that are currently acquired by HAL. This will be
     // Redundant when camera3 streams are no longer bidirectional streams.
     size_t            mHandoutOutputBufferCount;
+    // number of cached output buffers that are currently queued in the camera
+    // server but not yet queued to the buffer queue.
+    size_t            mCachedOutputBufferCount;
+
     uint32_t          mFrameCount;
     // Last received output buffer's timestamp
     nsecs_t           mLastTimestamp;
@@ -97,6 +104,9 @@
 
     virtual size_t   getHandoutInputBufferCountLocked();
 
+    virtual size_t   getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked() const;
+    virtual size_t   getMaxCachedOutputBuffersLocked() const;
+
     virtual status_t getEndpointUsage(uint64_t *usage) const = 0;
 
     status_t getBufferPreconditionCheckLocked() const;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OfflineSession.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OfflineSession.h
index a799719..5ee6ca5 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OfflineSession.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OfflineSession.h
@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@
 
     // The current minimum expected frame duration based on AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE
     nsecs_t mMinExpectedDuration = 0;
+    // Whether the camera device runs at fixed frame rate based on AE_MODE and
+    // AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE
+    bool mIsFixedFps = false;
 
     // SetErrorInterface
     void setErrorState(const char *fmt, ...) override;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
index 69163a5..ef12b64 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
@@ -419,6 +419,7 @@
     mLock.unlock();
 
     ANativeWindowBuffer *anwBuffer = container_of(buffer.buffer, ANativeWindowBuffer, handle);
+    bool bufferDeferred = false;
     /**
      * Return buffer back to ANativeWindow
      */
@@ -478,6 +479,7 @@
                         __FUNCTION__, mId, strerror(-res), res);
                 return res;
             }
+            bufferDeferred = true;
         } else {
             nsecs_t presentTime = mSyncToDisplay ?
                     syncTimestampToDisplayLocked(captureTime) : captureTime;
@@ -501,6 +503,10 @@
     }
     mLock.lock();
 
+    if (bufferDeferred) {
+        mCachedOutputBufferCount++;
+    }
+
     // Once a valid buffer has been returned to the queue, can no longer
     // dequeue all buffers for preallocation.
     if (buffer.status != CAMERA_BUFFER_STATUS_ERROR) {
@@ -696,10 +702,15 @@
                 !isVideoStream());
         if (forceChoreographer || defaultToChoreographer) {
             mSyncToDisplay = true;
+            // For choreographer synced stream, extra buffers aren't kept by
+            // camera service. So no need to update mMaxCachedBufferCount.
             mTotalBufferCount += kDisplaySyncExtraBuffer;
         } else if (defaultToSpacer) {
             mPreviewFrameSpacer = new PreviewFrameSpacer(this, mConsumer);
-            mTotalBufferCount ++;
+            // For preview frame spacer, the extra buffer is kept by camera
+            // service. So update mMaxCachedBufferCount.
+            mMaxCachedBufferCount = 1;
+            mTotalBufferCount += mMaxCachedBufferCount;
             res = mPreviewFrameSpacer->run(String8::format("PreviewSpacer-%d", mId).string());
             if (res != OK) {
                 ALOGE("%s: Unable to start preview spacer", __FUNCTION__);
@@ -968,6 +979,14 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+void Camera3OutputStream::onCachedBufferQueued() {
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+    mCachedOutputBufferCount--;
+    // Signal whoever is waiting for the buffer to be returned to the buffer
+    // queue.
+    mOutputBufferReturnedSignal.signal();
+}
+
 status_t Camera3OutputStream::disconnectLocked() {
     status_t res;
 
@@ -1367,9 +1386,15 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-void Camera3OutputStream::onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration) {
+void Camera3OutputStream::onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration, bool fixedFps) {
     Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
     mMinExpectedDuration = duration;
+    mFixedFps = fixedFps;
+}
+
+void Camera3OutputStream::setStreamUseCase(int64_t streamUseCase) {
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+    camera_stream::use_case = streamUseCase;
 }
 
 void Camera3OutputStream::returnPrefetchedBuffersLocked() {
@@ -1390,29 +1415,39 @@
 }
 
 nsecs_t Camera3OutputStream::syncTimestampToDisplayLocked(nsecs_t t) {
+    nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
+    if (!mFixedFps) {
+        mLastCaptureTime = t;
+        mLastPresentTime = currentTime;
+        return t;
+    }
+
     ParcelableVsyncEventData parcelableVsyncEventData;
     auto res = mDisplayEventReceiver.getLatestVsyncEventData(&parcelableVsyncEventData);
     if (res != OK) {
         ALOGE("%s: Stream %d: Error getting latest vsync event data: %s (%d)",
                 __FUNCTION__, mId, strerror(-res), res);
         mLastCaptureTime = t;
-        mLastPresentTime = t;
+        mLastPresentTime = currentTime;
         return t;
     }
 
     const VsyncEventData& vsyncEventData = parcelableVsyncEventData.vsync;
-    nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
+    nsecs_t minPresentT = mLastPresentTime + vsyncEventData.frameInterval / 2;
 
-    // Reset capture to present time offset if:
-    // - More than 1 second between frames.
-    // - The frame duration deviates from multiples of vsync frame intervals.
+    // Find the best presentation time without worrying about previous frame's
+    // presentation time if capture interval is more than kSpacingResetIntervalNs.
+    //
+    // When frame interval is more than 50 ms apart (3 vsyncs for 60hz refresh rate),
+    // there is little risk in starting over and finding the earliest vsync to latch onto.
+    // - Update captureToPresentTime offset to be used for later frames.
+    // - Example use cases:
+    //   - when frame rate drops down to below 20 fps, or
+    //   - A new streaming session starts (stopPreview followed by
+    //   startPreview)
+    //
     nsecs_t captureInterval = t - mLastCaptureTime;
-    float captureToVsyncIntervalRatio = 1.0f * captureInterval / vsyncEventData.frameInterval;
-    float ratioDeviation = std::fabs(
-            captureToVsyncIntervalRatio - std::roundf(captureToVsyncIntervalRatio));
-    if (captureInterval > kSpacingResetIntervalNs ||
-            ratioDeviation >= kMaxIntervalRatioDeviation) {
-        nsecs_t minPresentT = mLastPresentTime + vsyncEventData.frameInterval / 2;
+    if (captureInterval > kSpacingResetIntervalNs) {
         for (size_t i = 0; i < VsyncEventData::kFrameTimelinesLength; i++) {
             const auto& timeline = vsyncEventData.frameTimelines[i];
             if (timeline.deadlineTimestamp >= currentTime &&
@@ -1434,21 +1469,54 @@
     nsecs_t idealPresentT = t + mCaptureToPresentOffset;
     nsecs_t expectedPresentT = mLastPresentTime;
     nsecs_t minDiff = INT64_MAX;
-    // Derive minimum intervals between presentation times based on minimal
+
+    // In fixed FPS case, when frame durations are close to multiples of display refresh
+    // rate, derive minimum intervals between presentation times based on minimal
     // expected duration. The minimum number of Vsyncs is:
     // - 0 if minFrameDuration in (0, 1.5] * vSyncInterval,
     // - 1 if minFrameDuration in (1.5, 2.5] * vSyncInterval,
     // - and so on.
+    //
+    // This spaces out the displaying of the frames so that the frame
+    // presentations are roughly in sync with frame captures.
     int minVsyncs = (mMinExpectedDuration - vsyncEventData.frameInterval / 2) /
             vsyncEventData.frameInterval;
     if (minVsyncs < 0) minVsyncs = 0;
     nsecs_t minInterval = minVsyncs * vsyncEventData.frameInterval;
+
+    // In fixed FPS case, if the frame duration deviates from multiples of
+    // display refresh rate, find the closest Vsync without requiring a minimum
+    // number of Vsync.
+    //
+    // Example: (24fps camera, 60hz refresh):
+    //   capture readout:  |  t1  |  t1  | .. |  t1  | .. |  t1  | .. |  t1  |
+    //   display VSYNC:      | t2 | t2 | ... | t2 | ... | t2 | ... | t2 |
+    //   |  : 1 frame
+    //   t1 : 41.67ms
+    //   t2 : 16.67ms
+    //   t1/t2 = 2.5
+    //
+    //   24fps is a commonly used video frame rate. Because the capture
+    //   interval is 2.5 times of display refresh interval, the minVsyncs
+    //   calculation will directly fall at the boundary condition. In this case,
+    //   we should fall back to the basic logic of finding closest vsync
+    //   timestamp without worrying about minVsyncs.
+    float captureToVsyncIntervalRatio = 1.0f * mMinExpectedDuration / vsyncEventData.frameInterval;
+    float ratioDeviation = std::fabs(
+            captureToVsyncIntervalRatio - std::roundf(captureToVsyncIntervalRatio));
+    bool captureDeviateFromVsync = ratioDeviation >= kMaxIntervalRatioDeviation;
+    bool cameraDisplayInSync = (mFixedFps && !captureDeviateFromVsync);
+
     // Find best timestamp in the vsync timelines:
-    // - Only use at most 3 timelines to avoid long latency
-    // - closest to the ideal present time,
+    // - Only use at most kMaxTimelines timelines to avoid long latency
+    // - closest to the ideal presentation time,
     // - deadline timestamp is greater than the current time, and
-    // - the candidate present time is at least minInterval in the future
-    //   compared to last present time.
+    // - For fixed FPS, if the capture interval doesn't deviate too much from refresh interval,
+    //   the candidate presentation time is at least minInterval in the future compared to last
+    //   presentation time.
+    // - For variable FPS, or if the capture interval deviates from refresh
+    //   interval for more than 5%, find a presentation time closest to the
+    //   (lastPresentationTime + captureToPresentOffset) instead.
     int maxTimelines = std::min(kMaxTimelines, (int)VsyncEventData::kFrameTimelinesLength);
     float biasForShortDelay = 1.0f;
     for (int i = 0; i < maxTimelines; i ++) {
@@ -1461,12 +1529,51 @@
         }
         if (std::abs(vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime - idealPresentT) < minDiff &&
                 vsyncTime.deadlineTimestamp >= currentTime &&
-                vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime >
-                mLastPresentTime + minInterval + biasForShortDelay * kTimelineThresholdNs) {
+                ((!cameraDisplayInSync && vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime > minPresentT) ||
+                 (cameraDisplayInSync && vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime >
+                mLastPresentTime + minInterval +
+                    static_cast<nsecs_t>(biasForShortDelay * kTimelineThresholdNs)))) {
             expectedPresentT = vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime;
             minDiff = std::abs(vsyncTime.expectedPresentationTime - idealPresentT);
         }
     }
+
+    if (expectedPresentT == mLastPresentTime && expectedPresentT <
+            vsyncEventData.frameTimelines[maxTimelines-1].expectedPresentationTime) {
+        // Couldn't find a reasonable presentation time. Using last frame's
+        // presentation time would cause a frame drop. The best option now
+        // is to use the next VSync as long as the last presentation time
+        // doesn't already has the maximum latency, in which case dropping the
+        // buffer is more desired than increasing latency.
+        //
+        // Example: (60fps camera, 59.9hz refresh):
+        //   capture readout:  | t1 | t1 | .. | t1 | .. | t1 | .. | t1 |
+        //                      \    \    \     \    \    \    \     \   \
+        //   queue to BQ:       |    |    |     |    |    |    |      |    |
+        //                      \    \    \     \    \     \    \      \    \
+        //   display VSYNC:      | t2 | t2 | ... | t2 | ... | t2 | ... | t2 |
+        //
+        //   |: 1 frame
+        //   t1 : 16.67ms
+        //   t2 : 16.69ms
+        //
+        // It takes 833 frames for capture readout count and display VSYNC count to be off
+        // by 1.
+        //  - At frames [0, 832], presentationTime is set to timeline[0]
+        //  - At frames [833, 833*2-1], presentationTime is set to timeline[1]
+        //  - At frames [833*2, 833*3-1] presentationTime is set to timeline[2]
+        //  - At frame 833*3, no presentation time is found because we only
+        //    search for timeline[0..2].
+        //  - Drop one buffer is better than further extend the presentation
+        //    time.
+        //
+        // However, if frame 833*2 arrives 16.67ms early (right after frame
+        // 833*2-1), no presentation time can be found because
+        // getLatestVsyncEventData is called early. In that case, it's better to
+        // set presentation time by offseting last presentation time.
+        expectedPresentT += vsyncEventData.frameInterval;
+    }
+
     mLastCaptureTime = t;
     mLastPresentTime = expectedPresentT;
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
index 3587af4..a719d6b 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
@@ -247,9 +247,15 @@
     virtual status_t setBatchSize(size_t batchSize = 1) override;
 
     /**
-     * Notify the stream on change of min frame durations.
+     * Notify the stream on change of min frame durations or variable/fixed
+     * frame rate.
      */
-    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration) override;
+    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration, bool fixedFps) override;
+
+    /**
+     * Modify stream use case
+     */
+    virtual void setStreamUseCase(int64_t streamUseCase) override;
 
     /**
      * Apply ZSL related consumer usage quirk.
@@ -258,6 +264,7 @@
 
     void setImageDumpMask(int mask) { mImageDumpMask = mask; }
     bool shouldLogError(status_t res);
+    void onCachedBufferQueued();
 
   protected:
     Camera3OutputStream(int id, camera_stream_type_t type,
@@ -419,6 +426,7 @@
 
     // Re-space frames by overriding timestamp to align with display Vsync.
     // Default is on for SurfaceView bound streams.
+    bool    mFixedFps = false;
     nsecs_t mMinExpectedDuration = 0;
     bool mSyncToDisplay = false;
     DisplayEventReceiver mDisplayEventReceiver;
@@ -429,7 +437,7 @@
     static constexpr nsecs_t kSpacingResetIntervalNs = 50000000LL; // 50 millisecond
     static constexpr nsecs_t kTimelineThresholdNs = 1000000LL; // 1 millisecond
     static constexpr float kMaxIntervalRatioDeviation = 0.05f;
-    static constexpr int kMaxTimelines = 3;
+    static constexpr int kMaxTimelines = 2;
     nsecs_t syncTimestampToDisplayLocked(nsecs_t t);
 
     // Re-space frames by delaying queueBuffer so that frame delivery has
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
index a6d4b96..4baa7e8 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
@@ -110,12 +110,18 @@
     virtual status_t setBatchSize(size_t batchSize = 1) = 0;
 
     /**
-     * Notify the output stream that the minimum frame duration has changed.
+     * Notify the output stream that the minimum frame duration has changed, or
+     * frame rate has switched between variable and fixed.
      *
      * The minimum frame duration is calculated based on the upper bound of
      * AE_TARGET_FPS_RANGE in the capture request.
      */
-    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration) = 0;
+    virtual void onMinDurationChanged(nsecs_t duration, bool fixedFps) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Modify the stream use case for this output.
+     */
+    virtual void setStreamUseCase(int64_t streamUseCase) = 0;
 };
 
 // Helper class to organize a synchronized mapping of stream IDs to stream instances
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.cpp
index f4e3fad..792756ab 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.cpp
@@ -521,27 +521,35 @@
         if (result->partial_result != 0)
             request.resultExtras.partialResultCount = result->partial_result;
 
-        if ((result->result != nullptr) && !states.legacyClient) {
+        if (result->result != nullptr) {
             camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
             auto ret = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(result->result,
                     ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_ACTIVE_PHYSICAL_ID, &entry);
             if ((ret == OK) && (entry.count > 0)) {
                 std::string physicalId(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(entry.data.u8));
-                auto deviceInfo = states.physicalDeviceInfoMap.find(physicalId);
-                if (deviceInfo != states.physicalDeviceInfoMap.end()) {
-                    auto orientation = deviceInfo->second.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION);
-                    if (orientation.count > 0) {
-                        ret = CameraUtils::getRotationTransform(deviceInfo->second,
-                                OutputConfiguration::MIRROR_MODE_AUTO, &request.transform);
-                        if (ret != OK) {
-                            ALOGE("%s: Failed to calculate current stream transformation: %s (%d)",
-                                    __FUNCTION__, strerror(-ret), ret);
+                if (!states.activePhysicalId.empty() && physicalId != states.activePhysicalId) {
+                    states.listener->notifyPhysicalCameraChange(physicalId);
+                }
+                states.activePhysicalId = physicalId;
+
+                if (!states.legacyClient && !states.overrideToPortrait) {
+                    auto deviceInfo = states.physicalDeviceInfoMap.find(physicalId);
+                    if (deviceInfo != states.physicalDeviceInfoMap.end()) {
+                        auto orientation = deviceInfo->second.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_ORIENTATION);
+                        if (orientation.count > 0) {
+                            ret = CameraUtils::getRotationTransform(deviceInfo->second,
+                                    OutputConfiguration::MIRROR_MODE_AUTO, &request.transform);
+                            if (ret != OK) {
+                                ALOGE("%s: Failed to calculate current stream transformation: %s "
+                                        "(%d)", __FUNCTION__, strerror(-ret), ret);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            ALOGE("%s: Physical device orientation absent!", __FUNCTION__);
                         }
                     } else {
-                        ALOGE("%s: Physical device orientation absent!", __FUNCTION__);
+                        ALOGE("%s: Physical device not found in device info map found!",
+                                __FUNCTION__);
                     }
-                } else {
-                    ALOGE("%s: Physical device not found in device info map found!", __FUNCTION__);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -858,12 +866,14 @@
                 r.resultExtras.hasReadoutTimestamp = true;
                 r.resultExtras.readoutTimestamp = msg.readout_timestamp;
             }
-            if (r.minExpectedDuration != states.minFrameDuration) {
+            if (r.minExpectedDuration != states.minFrameDuration ||
+                    r.isFixedFps != states.isFixedFps) {
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < states.outputStreams.size(); i++) {
                     auto outputStream = states.outputStreams[i];
-                    outputStream->onMinDurationChanged(r.minExpectedDuration);
+                    outputStream->onMinDurationChanged(r.minExpectedDuration, r.isFixedFps);
                 }
                 states.minFrameDuration = r.minExpectedDuration;
+                states.isFixedFps = r.isFixedFps;
             }
             if (r.hasCallback) {
                 ALOGVV("Camera %s: %s: Shutter fired for frame %d (id %d) at %" PRId64,
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.h
index d6107c2..d5328c5 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputUtils.h
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@
         BufferRecordsInterface& bufferRecordsIntf;
         bool legacyClient;
         nsecs_t& minFrameDuration;
+        bool& isFixedFps;
+        bool overrideToPortrait;
+        std::string &activePhysicalId;
     };
 
     void processCaptureResult(CaptureOutputStates& states, const camera_capture_result *result);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
index 7ad6649..88be9ff 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
@@ -665,11 +665,19 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // Wait for new buffer returned back if we are running into the limit.
+    // Wait for new buffer returned back if we are running into the limit. There
+    // are 2 limits:
+    // 1. The number of HAL buffers is greater than max_buffers
+    // 2. The number of HAL buffers + cached buffers is greater than max_buffers
+    //    + maxCachedBuffers
     size_t numOutstandingBuffers = getHandoutOutputBufferCountLocked();
-    if (numOutstandingBuffers == camera_stream::max_buffers) {
-        ALOGV("%s: Already dequeued max output buffers (%d), wait for next returned one.",
-                        __FUNCTION__, camera_stream::max_buffers);
+    size_t numCachedBuffers = getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked();
+    size_t maxNumCachedBuffers = getMaxCachedOutputBuffersLocked();
+    while (numOutstandingBuffers == camera_stream::max_buffers ||
+            numOutstandingBuffers + numCachedBuffers ==
+            camera_stream::max_buffers + maxNumCachedBuffers) {
+        ALOGV("%s: Already dequeued max output buffers (%d(+%zu)), wait for next returned one.",
+                        __FUNCTION__, camera_stream::max_buffers, maxNumCachedBuffers);
         nsecs_t waitStart = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
         if (waitBufferTimeout < kWaitForBufferDuration) {
             waitBufferTimeout = kWaitForBufferDuration;
@@ -687,12 +695,16 @@
         }
 
         size_t updatedNumOutstandingBuffers = getHandoutOutputBufferCountLocked();
-        if (updatedNumOutstandingBuffers >= numOutstandingBuffers) {
-            ALOGE("%s: outsanding buffer count goes from %zu to %zu, "
+        size_t updatedNumCachedBuffers = getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked();
+        if (updatedNumOutstandingBuffers >= numOutstandingBuffers &&
+                updatedNumCachedBuffers == numCachedBuffers) {
+            ALOGE("%s: outstanding buffer count goes from %zu to %zu, "
                     "getBuffer(s) call must not run in parallel!", __FUNCTION__,
                     numOutstandingBuffers, updatedNumOutstandingBuffers);
             return INVALID_OPERATION;
         }
+        numOutstandingBuffers = updatedNumOutstandingBuffers;
+        numCachedBuffers = updatedNumCachedBuffers;
     }
 
     res = getBufferLocked(buffer, surface_ids);
@@ -1057,11 +1069,20 @@
     }
 
     size_t numOutstandingBuffers = getHandoutOutputBufferCountLocked();
-    // Wait for new buffer returned back if we are running into the limit.
-    while (numOutstandingBuffers + numBuffersRequested > camera_stream::max_buffers) {
-        ALOGV("%s: Already dequeued %zu output buffers and requesting %zu (max is %d), waiting.",
-                __FUNCTION__, numOutstandingBuffers, numBuffersRequested,
-                camera_stream::max_buffers);
+    size_t numCachedBuffers = getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked();
+    size_t maxNumCachedBuffers = getMaxCachedOutputBuffersLocked();
+    // Wait for new buffer returned back if we are running into the limit. There
+    // are 2 limits:
+    // 1. The number of HAL buffers is greater than max_buffers
+    // 2. The number of HAL buffers + cached buffers is greater than max_buffers
+    //    + maxCachedBuffers
+    while (numOutstandingBuffers + numBuffersRequested > camera_stream::max_buffers ||
+            numOutstandingBuffers + numCachedBuffers + numBuffersRequested >
+            camera_stream::max_buffers + maxNumCachedBuffers) {
+        ALOGV("%s: Already dequeued %zu(+%zu) output buffers and requesting %zu "
+                "(max is %d(+%zu)), waiting.", __FUNCTION__, numOutstandingBuffers,
+                numCachedBuffers, numBuffersRequested, camera_stream::max_buffers,
+                maxNumCachedBuffers);
         nsecs_t waitStart = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
         if (waitBufferTimeout < kWaitForBufferDuration) {
             waitBufferTimeout = kWaitForBufferDuration;
@@ -1078,13 +1099,16 @@
             return res;
         }
         size_t updatedNumOutstandingBuffers = getHandoutOutputBufferCountLocked();
-        if (updatedNumOutstandingBuffers >= numOutstandingBuffers) {
-            ALOGE("%s: outsanding buffer count goes from %zu to %zu, "
+        size_t updatedNumCachedBuffers = getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked();
+        if (updatedNumOutstandingBuffers >= numOutstandingBuffers &&
+                updatedNumCachedBuffers == numCachedBuffers) {
+            ALOGE("%s: outstanding buffer count goes from %zu to %zu, "
                     "getBuffer(s) call must not run in parallel!", __FUNCTION__,
                     numOutstandingBuffers, updatedNumOutstandingBuffers);
             return INVALID_OPERATION;
         }
         numOutstandingBuffers = updatedNumOutstandingBuffers;
+        numCachedBuffers = updatedNumCachedBuffers;
     }
 
     res = getBuffersLocked(buffers);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
index d429e6c..214618a 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
@@ -558,6 +558,10 @@
     // Get handout input buffer count.
     virtual size_t   getHandoutInputBufferCountLocked() = 0;
 
+    // Get cached output buffer count.
+    virtual size_t   getCachedOutputBufferCountLocked() const = 0;
+    virtual size_t   getMaxCachedOutputBuffersLocked() const = 0;
+
     // Get the usage flags for the other endpoint, or return
     // INVALID_OPERATION if they cannot be obtained.
     virtual status_t getEndpointUsage(uint64_t *usage) const = 0;
@@ -576,6 +580,8 @@
 
     uint64_t mUsage;
 
+    Condition mOutputBufferReturnedSignal;
+
   private:
     // Previously configured stream properties (post HAL override)
     uint64_t mOldUsage;
@@ -583,7 +589,6 @@
     int mOldFormat;
     android_dataspace mOldDataSpace;
 
-    Condition mOutputBufferReturnedSignal;
     Condition mInputBufferReturnedSignal;
     static const nsecs_t kWaitForBufferDuration = 3000000000LL; // 3000 ms
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/InFlightRequest.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/InFlightRequest.h
index fa00495..444445b 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/InFlightRequest.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/InFlightRequest.h
@@ -152,6 +152,9 @@
     // For auto-exposure modes, equal to 1/(lower end of target FPS range)
     nsecs_t maxExpectedDuration;
 
+    // Whether the FPS range is fixed, aka, minFps == maxFps
+    bool isFixedFps;
+
     // Whether the result metadata for this request is to be skipped. The
     // result metadata should be skipped in the case of
     // REQUEST/RESULT error.
@@ -205,6 +208,7 @@
             hasCallback(true),
             minExpectedDuration(kDefaultMinExpectedDuration),
             maxExpectedDuration(kDefaultMaxExpectedDuration),
+            isFixedFps(false),
             skipResultMetadata(false),
             errorBufStrategy(ERROR_BUF_CACHE),
             stillCapture(false),
@@ -215,7 +219,7 @@
     }
 
     InFlightRequest(int numBuffers, CaptureResultExtras extras, bool hasInput,
-            bool hasAppCallback, nsecs_t minDuration, nsecs_t maxDuration,
+            bool hasAppCallback, nsecs_t minDuration, nsecs_t maxDuration, bool fixedFps,
             const std::set<std::set<String8>>& physicalCameraIdSet, bool isStillCapture,
             bool isZslCapture, bool rotateAndCropAuto, const std::set<std::string>& idsWithZoom,
             nsecs_t requestNs, const SurfaceMap& outSurfaces = SurfaceMap{}) :
@@ -229,6 +233,7 @@
             hasCallback(hasAppCallback),
             minExpectedDuration(minDuration),
             maxExpectedDuration(maxDuration),
+            isFixedFps(fixedFps),
             skipResultMetadata(false),
             errorBufStrategy(ERROR_BUF_CACHE),
             physicalCameraIds(physicalCameraIdSet),
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.cpp
index 0439501..83caa00 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.cpp
@@ -68,8 +68,10 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    // Cache the frame to match readout time interval, for up to 33ms
-    nsecs_t expectedQueueTime = mLastCameraPresentTime + readoutInterval;
+    // Cache the frame to match readout time interval, for up to kMaxFrameWaitTime
+    // Because the code between here and queueBuffer() takes time to execute, make sure the
+    // presentationInterval is slightly shorter than readoutInterval.
+    nsecs_t expectedQueueTime = mLastCameraPresentTime + readoutInterval - kFrameAdjustThreshold;
     nsecs_t frameWaitTime = std::min(kMaxFrameWaitTime, expectedQueueTime - currentTime);
     if (frameWaitTime > 0 && mPendingBuffers.size() < 2) {
         mBufferCond.waitRelative(mLock, frameWaitTime);
@@ -78,9 +80,9 @@
         }
         currentTime = systemTime();
     }
-    ALOGV("%s: readoutInterval %" PRId64 ", queueInterval %" PRId64 ", waited for %" PRId64
+    ALOGV("%s: readoutInterval %" PRId64 ", waited for %" PRId64
             ", timestamp %" PRId64, __FUNCTION__, readoutInterval,
-            currentTime - mLastCameraPresentTime, frameWaitTime, buffer.timestamp);
+            mPendingBuffers.size() < 2 ? frameWaitTime : 0, buffer.timestamp);
     mPendingBuffers.pop();
     queueBufferToClientLocked(buffer, currentTime);
     return true;
@@ -122,6 +124,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    parent->onCachedBufferQueued();
     mLastCameraPresentTime = currentTime;
     mLastCameraReadoutTime = bufferHolder.readoutTimestamp;
 }
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.h
index e165768..f46de3d 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/PreviewFrameSpacer.h
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@
     nsecs_t mLastCameraPresentTime = 0;
     static constexpr nsecs_t kWaitDuration = 5000000LL; // 50ms
     static constexpr nsecs_t kFrameIntervalThreshold = 80000000LL; // 80ms
-    static constexpr nsecs_t kMaxFrameWaitTime = 33333333LL; // 33ms
+    static constexpr nsecs_t kMaxFrameWaitTime = 10000000LL; // 10ms
+    static constexpr nsecs_t kFrameAdjustThreshold = 2000000LL; // 2ms
 };
 
 }; //namespace camera3
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/RotateAndCropMapper.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/RotateAndCropMapper.cpp
index a02e5f6..9cdd365 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/RotateAndCropMapper.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/RotateAndCropMapper.cpp
@@ -142,13 +142,13 @@
                    ch :                 // pillarbox or 1:1, full height
                    cw / mRotateAspect;  // letterbox, not full height
         switch (rotateMode) {
-            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90:
+            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_270:
                 transformMat[1] = -rw / ch; // +y -> -x
                 transformMat[2] =  rh / cw; // +x -> +y
                 xShift = (cw + rw) / 2; // left edge of crop to right edge of rotated
                 yShift = (ch - rh) / 2; // top edge of crop to top edge of rotated
                 break;
-            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_270:
+            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90:
                 transformMat[1] =  rw / ch; // +y -> +x
                 transformMat[2] = -rh / cw; // +x -> -y
                 xShift = (cw - rw) / 2; // left edge of crop to left edge of rotated
@@ -271,13 +271,13 @@
         rx = cx + (cw - rw) / 2;
         ry = cy + (ch - rh) / 2;
         switch (rotateMode) {
-            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90:
+            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_270:
                 transformMat[1] =  ch / rw; // +y -> +x
                 transformMat[2] = -cw / rh; // +x -> -y
                 xShift = -(cw - rw) / 2; // left edge of rotated to left edge of cropped
                 yShift = ry - cy + ch;   // top edge of rotated to bottom edge of cropped
                 break;
-            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_270:
+            case ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_90:
                 transformMat[1] = -ch / rw; // +y -> -x
                 transformMat[2] =  cw / rh; // +x -> +y
                 xShift = (cw + rw) / 2; // left edge of rotated to left edge of cropped
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.cpp
index f05520f..3fa7299 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.cpp
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ICameraInjectionSession.h>
 #include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder_platform.h>
 #include <android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceUser.h>
 
 #include "utils/CameraTraces.h"
@@ -162,8 +163,9 @@
 }
 
 AidlCamera3Device::AidlCamera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass,
-            bool legacyClient) : Camera3Device(id, overrideForPerfClass, legacyClient) {
-        mCallbacks = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks>(this);
+        bool overrideToPortrait, bool legacyClient) :
+        Camera3Device(id, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait, legacyClient) {
+    mCallbacks = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks>(this);
 }
 
 status_t AidlCamera3Device::initialize(sp<CameraProviderManager> manager,
@@ -192,7 +194,8 @@
       SET_ERR("Session iface returned is null");
       return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
-    res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(mId.string(), mOverrideForPerfClass, &mDeviceInfo);
+    res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(mId.string(), mOverrideForPerfClass, &mDeviceInfo,
+            mOverrideToPortrait);
     if (res != OK) {
         SET_ERR_L("Could not retrieve camera characteristics: %s (%d)", strerror(-res), res);
         session->close();
@@ -206,7 +209,8 @@
         for (auto& physicalId : physicalCameraIds) {
             // Do not override characteristics for physical cameras
             res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(
-                    physicalId, /*overrideForPerfClass*/false, &mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap[physicalId]);
+                    physicalId, /*overrideForPerfClass*/false, &mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap[physicalId],
+                    /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
             if (res != OK) {
                 SET_ERR_L("Could not retrieve camera %s characteristics: %s (%d)",
                         physicalId.c_str(), strerror(-res), res);
@@ -371,7 +375,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this,
-        *this, *(mInterface), mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *this, *(mInterface), mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        mOverrideToPortrait, mActivePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     for (const auto& result : results) {
@@ -412,7 +417,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this,
-        *this, *(mInterface), mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *this, *(mInterface), mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        mOverrideToPortrait, mActivePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
     for (const auto& msg : msgs) {
         camera3::notify(states, msg);
@@ -669,6 +675,12 @@
     return p->returnStreamBuffers(buffers);
 }
 
+::ndk::SpAIBinder AidlCamera3Device::AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks::createBinder() {
+    auto binder = BnCameraDeviceCallback::createBinder();
+    AIBinder_setInheritRt(binder.get(), /*inheritRt*/ true);
+    return binder;
+}
+
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus AidlCamera3Device::returnStreamBuffers(
         const std::vector<camera::device::StreamBuffer>& buffers) {
     ReturnBufferStates states {
@@ -1399,9 +1411,10 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) :
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) :
           RequestThread(parent, statusTracker, interface, sessionParamKeys, useHalBufManager,
-                  supportCameraMute) {}
+                  supportCameraMute, overrideToPortrait) {}
 
 status_t AidlCamera3Device::AidlRequestThread::switchToOffline(
         const std::vector<int32_t>& streamsToKeep,
@@ -1570,9 +1583,10 @@
                 sp<Camera3Device::HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) {
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) {
     return new AidlRequestThread(parent, statusTracker, interface, sessionParamKeys,
-            useHalBufManager, supportCameraMute);
+            useHalBufManager, supportCameraMute, overrideToPortrait);
 };
 
 sp<Camera3Device::Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods>
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.h
index d20a7eb..630985f 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3Device.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     using AidlRequestMetadataQueue = AidlMessageQueue<int8_t, SynchronizedReadWrite>;
     class AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks;
     friend class AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks;
-    explicit AidlCamera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass,
+    explicit AidlCamera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait,
             bool legacyClient = false);
 
     virtual ~AidlCamera3Device() { }
@@ -174,7 +174,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute);
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait);
 
         status_t switchToOffline(
                 const std::vector<int32_t>& streamsToKeep,
@@ -242,6 +243,10 @@
         ::ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStreamBuffers(
                 const std::vector<
                         aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBuffer>& buffers) override;
+
+        protected:
+        ::ndk::SpAIBinder createBinder() override;
+
         private:
             wp<AidlCamera3Device> mParent = nullptr;
     };
@@ -255,7 +260,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) override;
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) override;
 
     virtual sp<Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods>
             createCamera3DeviceInjectionMethods(wp<Camera3Device>) override;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
index 336719d..4b1fb1d 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceCallbacks.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder_platform.h>
 
 #include "device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.h"
 #include "device3/Camera3OutputStream.h"
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@
         listener = mListener.promote();
     }
 
+    std::string activePhysicalId(""); // Unused
     AidlCaptureOutputStates states {
       {mId,
         mOfflineReqsLock, mLastCompletedRegularFrameNumber,
@@ -123,7 +125,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this,
-        *this, mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *this, mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        /*overrideToPortrait*/false, activePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mProcessCaptureResultLock);
@@ -155,6 +158,7 @@
         listener = mListener.promote();
     }
 
+    std::string activePhysicalId(""); // Unused
     AidlCaptureOutputStates states {
       {mId,
         mOfflineReqsLock, mLastCompletedRegularFrameNumber,
@@ -168,7 +172,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this,
-        *this, mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *this, mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        /*overrideToPortrait*/false, activePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
     for (const auto& msg : msgs) {
         camera3::notify(states, msg);
@@ -218,6 +223,12 @@
     return p->returnStreamBuffers(buffers);
 }
 
+::ndk::SpAIBinder AidlCamera3OfflineSession::AidlCameraDeviceCallbacks::createBinder() {
+    auto binder = BnCameraDeviceCallback::createBinder();
+    AIBinder_setInheritRt(binder.get(), /*inheritRt*/ true);
+    return binder;
+}
+
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus AidlCamera3OfflineSession::returnStreamBuffers(
         const std::vector<camera::device::StreamBuffer>& buffers) {
     {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.h
index 33de2c5..d107af6 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/aidl/AidlCamera3OfflineSession.h
@@ -97,6 +97,10 @@
         ::ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStreamBuffers(
                 const std::vector<
                         aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBuffer>& buffers) override;
+        protected:
+
+        ::ndk::SpAIBinder createBinder() override;
+
         private:
             wp<AidlCamera3OfflineSession> mParent = nullptr;
     };
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.cpp
index 4bb426c..382b287 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.cpp
@@ -162,7 +162,8 @@
         return res;
     }
 
-    res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(mId.string(), mOverrideForPerfClass, &mDeviceInfo);
+    res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(mId.string(), mOverrideForPerfClass, &mDeviceInfo,
+            mOverrideToPortrait);
     if (res != OK) {
         SET_ERR_L("Could not retrieve camera characteristics: %s (%d)", strerror(-res), res);
         session->close();
@@ -176,7 +177,8 @@
         for (auto& physicalId : physicalCameraIds) {
             // Do not override characteristics for physical cameras
             res = manager->getCameraCharacteristics(
-                    physicalId, /*overrideForPerfClass*/false, &mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap[physicalId]);
+                    physicalId, /*overrideForPerfClass*/false, &mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap[physicalId],
+                    /*overrideToPortrait*/true);
             if (res != OK) {
                 SET_ERR_L("Could not retrieve camera %s characteristics: %s (%d)",
                         physicalId.c_str(), strerror(-res), res);
@@ -363,7 +365,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps, mOverrideToPortrait,
+        mActivePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     //HidlCaptureOutputStates hidlStates {
@@ -425,7 +428,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps, mOverrideToPortrait,
+        mActivePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     for (const auto& result : results) {
@@ -472,7 +476,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        *mInterface, mLegacyClient, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps, mOverrideToPortrait,
+        mActivePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
     for (const auto& msg : msgs) {
         camera3::notify(states, msg);
@@ -698,9 +703,10 @@
                 sp<Camera3Device::HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) {
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) {
         return new HidlRequestThread(parent, statusTracker, interface, sessionParamKeys,
-                useHalBufManager, supportCameraMute);
+                useHalBufManager, supportCameraMute, overrideToPortrait);
 };
 
 sp<Camera3Device::Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods>
@@ -1693,9 +1699,10 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) :
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) :
           RequestThread(parent, statusTracker, interface, sessionParamKeys, useHalBufManager,
-                  supportCameraMute) {}
+                  supportCameraMute, overrideToPortrait) {}
 
 status_t HidlCamera3Device::HidlRequestThread::switchToOffline(
         const std::vector<int32_t>& streamsToKeep,
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.h
index 2e98fe0..2bd4660 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3Device.h
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@
             public Camera3Device {
   public:
 
-   explicit HidlCamera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass,
-          bool legacyClient = false) : Camera3Device(id, overrideForPerfClass, legacyClient) { }
+   explicit HidlCamera3Device(const String8& id, bool overrideForPerfClass, bool overrideToPortrait,
+          bool legacyClient = false) : Camera3Device(id, overrideForPerfClass, overrideToPortrait,
+          legacyClient) { }
 
     virtual ~HidlCamera3Device() {}
 
@@ -175,7 +176,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute);
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait);
 
         status_t switchToOffline(
                 const std::vector<int32_t>& streamsToKeep,
@@ -222,7 +224,8 @@
                 sp<HalInterface> interface,
                 const Vector<int32_t>& sessionParamKeys,
                 bool useHalBufManager,
-                bool supportCameraMute) override;
+                bool supportCameraMute,
+                bool overrideToPortrait) override;
 
     virtual sp<Camera3DeviceInjectionMethods>
             createCamera3DeviceInjectionMethods(wp<Camera3Device>) override;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
index 5c97f0e..0a6a6f7 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/hidl/HidlCamera3OfflineSession.cpp
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@
         listener = mListener.promote();
     }
 
+    std::string activePhysicalId("");
     HidlCaptureOutputStates states {
       {mId,
         mOfflineReqsLock, mLastCompletedRegularFrameNumber,
@@ -105,7 +106,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        /*overrideToPortrait*/false, activePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mProcessCaptureResultLock);
@@ -132,6 +134,7 @@
 
     hardware::hidl_vec<hardware::camera::device::V3_4::PhysicalCameraMetadata> noPhysMetadata;
 
+    std::string activePhysicalId("");
     HidlCaptureOutputStates states {
       {mId,
         mOfflineReqsLock, mLastCompletedRegularFrameNumber,
@@ -145,7 +148,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        /*overrideToPortrait*/false, activePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mProcessCaptureResultLock);
@@ -167,6 +171,7 @@
         listener = mListener.promote();
     }
 
+    std::string activePhysicalId("");
     HidlCaptureOutputStates states {
       {mId,
         mOfflineReqsLock, mLastCompletedRegularFrameNumber,
@@ -180,7 +185,8 @@
         mNumPartialResults, mVendorTagId, mDeviceInfo, mPhysicalDeviceInfoMap,
         mDistortionMappers, mZoomRatioMappers, mRotateAndCropMappers,
         mTagMonitor, mInputStream, mOutputStreams, mSessionStatsBuilder, listener, *this, *this,
-        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration}, mResultMetadataQueue
+        mBufferRecords, /*legacyClient*/ false, mMinExpectedDuration, mIsFixedFps,
+        /*overrideToPortrait*/false, activePhysicalId}, mResultMetadataQueue
     };
     for (const auto& msg : msgs) {
         camera3::notify(states, msg);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/HidlCameraService.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/HidlCameraService.cpp
index 65a0300..259e8a5 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/HidlCameraService.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/HidlCameraService.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
     HStatus status = HStatus::NO_ERROR;
     binder::Status serviceRet =
         mAidlICameraService->getCameraCharacteristics(String16(cameraId.c_str()),
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &cameraMetadata);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/true,
+                &cameraMetadata);
     HCameraMetadata hidlMetadata;
     if (!serviceRet.isOk()) {
         switch(serviceRet.serviceSpecificErrorCode()) {
@@ -116,7 +117,8 @@
     binder::Status serviceRet = mAidlICameraService->connectDevice(
             callbacks, String16(cameraId.c_str()), String16(""), {},
             hardware::ICameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, 0/*oomScoreOffset*/,
-            /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*out*/&deviceRemote);
+            /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/true,
+            /*out*/&deviceRemote);
     HStatus status = HStatus::NO_ERROR;
     if (!serviceRet.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Unable to connect to camera device", __FUNCTION__);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/VndkVersionMetadataTags.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/VndkVersionMetadataTags.h
index d3377f4..ae4d5dd 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/VndkVersionMetadataTags.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/hidl/VndkVersionMetadataTags.h
@@ -31,47 +31,48 @@
 std::map<int, std::vector<camera_metadata_tag>> static_api_level_to_keys{
       {30, {
           ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_MAX_SIZES,
+          ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGES,
           ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE,
           ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_ROTATE_AND_CROP_MODES,
-          ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGES,
         } },
       {31, {
-          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_ACTIVE_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_PIXEL_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
           ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_HIGH_SPEED_VIDEO_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_LENS_INTRINSIC_CALIBRATION_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS,
-          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED,
-          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_PRE_CORRECTION_ACTIVE_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
           ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_LENS_DISTORTION_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SCALER_DEFAULT_SECURE_IMAGE_SIZE,
+          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
           ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
-          ANDROID_SENSOR_OPAQUE_RAW_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_LENS_DISTORTION_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_LENS_INTRINSIC_CALIBRATION_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_DEFAULT_SECURE_IMAGE_SIZE,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED,
+          ANDROID_SCALER_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS,
+          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_ACTIVE_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
           ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_BINNING_FACTOR,
+          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_PIXEL_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_PRE_CORRECTION_ACTIVE_ARRAY_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+          ANDROID_SENSOR_OPAQUE_RAW_SIZE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
         } },
       {32, {
           ANDROID_INFO_DEVICE_STATE_ORIENTATIONS,
         } },
       {33, {
-          ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_DEFAULT_LEVEL,
           ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING,
           ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION,
+          ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_DEFAULT_LEVEL,
+          ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_MAXIMUM_LEVEL,
+          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP,
           ANDROID_REQUEST_RECOMMENDED_TEN_BIT_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILE,
           ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES,
-          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP,
-          ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_MAXIMUM_LEVEL,
+          ANDROID_SENSOR_READOUT_TIMESTAMP,
         } },
 };
 
@@ -81,9 +82,9 @@
  */
 std::map<int, std::vector<camera_metadata_tag>> dynamic_api_level_to_keys{
       {30, {
+          ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE,
           ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO,
           ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP,
-          ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE,
         }  },
       {31, {
           ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE,
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/libcameraservice_fuzzer/camera_service_fuzzer.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/libcameraservice_fuzzer/camera_service_fuzzer.cpp
index 97d7bf4..09f8eb6 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/libcameraservice_fuzzer/camera_service_fuzzer.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/libcameraservice_fuzzer/camera_service_fuzzer.cpp
@@ -229,11 +229,11 @@
     mCameraService->getCameraVendorTagCache(&cache);
 
     CameraInfo cameraInfo;
-    mCameraService->getCameraInfo(cameraId, &cameraInfo);
+    mCameraService->getCameraInfo(cameraId, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &cameraInfo);
 
     CameraMetadata metadata;
     mCameraService->getCameraCharacteristics(cameraIdStr,
-            /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &metadata);
+            /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/false, &metadata);
 }
 
 void CameraFuzzer::invokeCameraSound() {
@@ -320,7 +320,8 @@
 
         rc = mCameraService->connect(this, cameraId, String16(),
                 android::CameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, android::CameraService::USE_CALLING_PID,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &cameraDevice);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/true,
+                &cameraDevice);
         if (!rc.isOk()) {
             // camera not connected
             return;
@@ -534,7 +535,8 @@
         sp<hardware::camera2::ICameraDeviceUser> device;
         mCameraService->connectDevice(callbacks, String16(s.cameraId), String16(), {},
                 android::CameraService::USE_CALLING_UID, 0/*oomScoreDiff*/,
-                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, &device);
+                /*targetSdkVersion*/__ANDROID_API_FUTURE__, /*overrideToPortrait*/true,
+                &device);
         if (device == nullptr) {
             continue;
         }
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/CameraProviderManagerTest.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/CameraProviderManagerTest.cpp
index e9f6979..2f55def 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/CameraProviderManagerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/CameraProviderManagerTest.cpp
@@ -102,23 +102,57 @@
     sp<device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> mDeviceInterface;
     hardware::hidl_vec<common::V1_0::VendorTagSection> mVendorTagSections;
 
+    // Whether to call a physical camera unavailable callback upon setCallback
+    bool mHasPhysicalCameraUnavailableCallback;
+    hardware::hidl_string mLogicalCameraId;
+    hardware::hidl_string mUnavailablePhysicalCameraId;
+
     TestICameraProvider(const std::vector<hardware::hidl_string> &devices,
             const hardware::hidl_vec<common::V1_0::VendorTagSection> &vendorSection) :
         mDeviceNames(devices),
         mDeviceInterface(new TestDeviceInterface(devices)),
-        mVendorTagSections (vendorSection) {}
+        mVendorTagSections (vendorSection),
+        mHasPhysicalCameraUnavailableCallback(false) {}
 
     TestICameraProvider(const std::vector<hardware::hidl_string> &devices,
             const hardware::hidl_vec<common::V1_0::VendorTagSection> &vendorSection,
             android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> chars) :
         mDeviceNames(devices),
         mDeviceInterface(new TestDeviceInterface(devices, chars)),
-        mVendorTagSections (vendorSection) {}
+        mVendorTagSections (vendorSection),
+        mHasPhysicalCameraUnavailableCallback(false) {}
+
+    TestICameraProvider(const std::vector<hardware::hidl_string> &devices,
+            const hardware::hidl_vec<common::V1_0::VendorTagSection> &vendorSection,
+            android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> chars,
+            const hardware::hidl_string& logicalCameraId,
+            const hardware::hidl_string& unavailablePhysicalCameraId) :
+        mDeviceNames(devices),
+        mDeviceInterface(new TestDeviceInterface(devices, chars)),
+        mVendorTagSections (vendorSection),
+        mHasPhysicalCameraUnavailableCallback(true),
+        mLogicalCameraId(logicalCameraId),
+        mUnavailablePhysicalCameraId(unavailablePhysicalCameraId) {}
 
     virtual hardware::Return<Status> setCallback(
             const sp<provider::V2_4::ICameraProviderCallback>& callbacks) override {
         mCalledCounter[SET_CALLBACK]++;
         mCallbacks = callbacks;
+        if (mHasPhysicalCameraUnavailableCallback) {
+            auto cast26 = provider::V2_6::ICameraProviderCallback::castFrom(callbacks);
+            if (!cast26.isOk()) {
+                ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to cast ICameraProviderCallback to V2_6";
+            } else {
+                sp<provider::V2_6::ICameraProviderCallback> callback26 = cast26;
+                if (callback26 == nullptr) {
+                    ADD_FAILURE() << "V2_6::ICameraProviderCallback is null after conversion";
+                } else {
+                    callback26->physicalCameraDeviceStatusChange(mLogicalCameraId,
+                            mUnavailablePhysicalCameraId,
+                            android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::CameraDeviceStatus::NOT_PRESENT);
+                }
+            }
+        }
         return hardware::Return<Status>(Status::OK);
     }
 
@@ -266,12 +300,16 @@
 };
 
 struct TestStatusListener : public CameraProviderManager::StatusListener {
+    int mPhysicalCameraStatusChangeCount = 0;
+
     ~TestStatusListener() {}
 
     void onDeviceStatusChanged(const String8 &,
             CameraDeviceStatus) override {}
     void onDeviceStatusChanged(const String8 &, const String8 &,
-            CameraDeviceStatus) override {}
+            CameraDeviceStatus) override {
+        mPhysicalCameraStatusChangeCount++;
+    }
     void onTorchStatusChanged(const String8 &,
             TorchModeStatus) override {}
     void onTorchStatusChanged(const String8 &,
@@ -634,3 +672,46 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(deviceCount, deviceNames.size()) <<
             "Unexpected amount of camera devices";
 }
+
+// Test that CameraProviderManager does not trigger
+// onDeviceStatusChanged(NOT_PRESENT) for physical camera before initialize()
+// returns.
+TEST(CameraProviderManagerTest, PhysicalCameraAvailabilityCallbackRaceTest) {
+    std::vector<hardware::hidl_string> deviceNames;
+    deviceNames.push_back("device@3.2/test/0");
+    hardware::hidl_vec<common::V1_0::VendorTagSection> vendorSection;
+
+    sp<CameraProviderManager> providerManager = new CameraProviderManager();
+    sp<TestStatusListener> statusListener = new TestStatusListener();
+    TestInteractionProxy serviceProxy;
+
+    android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> chars;
+    CameraMetadata meta;
+    int32_t charKeys[] = { ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES };
+    meta.update(ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CHARACTERISTICS_KEYS, charKeys,
+            sizeof(charKeys) / sizeof(charKeys[0]));
+    uint8_t capabilities[] = { ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA };
+    meta.update(ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES, capabilities,
+            sizeof(capabilities)/sizeof(capabilities[0]));
+    uint8_t physicalCameraIds[] = { '2', '\0', '3', '\0' };
+    meta.update(ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_PHYSICAL_IDS, physicalCameraIds,
+            sizeof(physicalCameraIds)/sizeof(physicalCameraIds[0]));
+    camera_metadata_t* metaBuffer = const_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.getAndLock());
+    chars.setToExternal(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(metaBuffer),
+            get_camera_metadata_size(metaBuffer));
+
+    sp<TestICameraProvider> provider = new TestICameraProvider(deviceNames,
+            vendorSection, chars, "device@3.2/test/0", "2");
+    serviceProxy.setProvider(provider);
+
+    status_t res = providerManager->initialize(statusListener, &serviceProxy);
+    ASSERT_EQ(res, OK) << "Unable to initialize provider manager";
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(statusListener->mPhysicalCameraStatusChangeCount, 0)
+            << "Unexpected physical camera status change callback upon provider init.";
+
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::set<std::string>> unavailablePhysicalIds;
+    auto cameraIds = providerManager->getCameraDeviceIds(&unavailablePhysicalIds);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(unavailablePhysicalIds.count("0") > 0 && unavailablePhysicalIds["0"].count("2") > 0)
+        << "Unavailable physical camera Ids not set properly.";
+}
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/RotateAndCropMapperTest.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/RotateAndCropMapperTest.cpp
index 3c187cd..9f86526 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/RotateAndCropMapperTest.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/tests/RotateAndCropMapperTest.cpp
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@
 
     // Round-trip results can't be exact since we've gone from a large int range -> small int range
     // and back, leading to quantization. For 4/3 aspect ratio, no more than +-1 error expected
+
     e = result.find(ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_REGIONS);
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_region, e.data.i32, 1, "Round-tripped AE region isn't right");
 
@@ -209,11 +210,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_face, e.data.i32, 1, "App-side face rectangle isn't right");
 
     auto full_landmarks = std::vector<int32_t> {
-        full_crop[0], full_crop[1] + full_crop[3],
         full_crop[0] + full_crop[2], full_crop[1],
-        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + 3*full_crop[3]/4,
+        full_crop[0], full_crop[1] + full_crop[3],
+        full_crop[0] + 3*full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/4,
         full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/2, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/2,
-        full_crop[0] + 3*full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/4
+        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + 3*full_crop[3]/4
     };
     e = result.find(ANDROID_STATISTICS_FACE_LANDMARKS);
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_landmarks, e.data.i32, 1, "App-side face landmarks aren't right");
@@ -286,7 +287,6 @@
 
     // Round-trip results can't be exact since we've gone from a large int range -> small int range
     // and back, leading to quantization. For 4/3 aspect ratio, no more than +-1 error expected
-
     e = result.find(ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_REGIONS);
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_region, e.data.i32, 1, "Round-tripped AE region isn't right");
 
@@ -301,11 +301,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_face, e.data.i32, 1, "App-side face rectangle isn't right");
 
     auto full_landmarks = std::vector<int32_t> {
-        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2], full_crop[1],
         full_crop[0], full_crop[1] + full_crop[3],
-        full_crop[0] + 3*full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/4,
+        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2], full_crop[1],
+        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + 3*full_crop[3]/4,
         full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/2, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/2,
-        full_crop[0] + full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + 3*full_crop[3]/4
+        full_crop[0] + 3*full_crop[2]/4, full_crop[1] + full_crop[3]/4
     };
     e = result.find(ANDROID_STATISTICS_FACE_LANDMARKS);
     EXPECT_EQUAL_WITHIN_N(full_landmarks, e.data.i32, 1, "App-side face landmarks aren't right");
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.cpp
index 69175cc..dae5eea 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.cpp
@@ -262,11 +262,11 @@
     sessionStats->onClose(latencyMs);
 }
 
-bool CameraServiceProxyWrapper::isCameraDisabled() {
+bool CameraServiceProxyWrapper::isCameraDisabled(int userId) {
     sp<ICameraServiceProxy> proxyBinder = getCameraServiceProxy();
     if (proxyBinder == nullptr) return true;
     bool ret = false;
-    auto status = proxyBinder->isCameraDisabled(&ret);
+    auto status = proxyBinder->isCameraDisabled(userId, &ret);
     if (!status.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("%s: Failed during camera disabled query: %s", __FUNCTION__,
                 status.exceptionMessage().c_str());
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.h
index e34a8f0..eb818d1 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/CameraServiceProxyWrapper.h
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
     static int getRotateAndCropOverride(String16 packageName, int lensFacing, int userId);
 
     // Detect if the camera is disabled by device policy.
-    static bool isCameraDisabled();
+    static bool isCameraDisabled(int userId);
 };
 
 } // android
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/AudioAnalytics.cpp b/services/mediametrics/AudioAnalytics.cpp
index 99e3691..b03e418 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/AudioAnalytics.cpp
+++ b/services/mediametrics/AudioAnalytics.cpp
@@ -240,6 +240,35 @@
     "sharing_requested",
 };
 
+static constexpr const char * HeadTrackerDeviceEnabledFields[] {
+    "mediametrics_headtrackerdeviceenabled_reported",
+    "type",
+    "event",
+    "enabled",
+};
+
+static constexpr const char * HeadTrackerDeviceSupportedFields[] {
+    "mediametrics_headtrackerdevicesupported_reported",
+    "type",
+    "event",
+    "supported",
+};
+
+static constexpr const char * SpatializerCapabilitiesFields[] {
+    "mediametrics_spatializer_reported",
+    "head_tracking_modes",
+    "spatializer_levels",
+    "spatializer_modes",
+    "channel_masks",
+};
+
+static constexpr const char * SpatializerDeviceEnabledFields[] {
+    "mediametrics_spatializerdeviceenabled_reported",
+    "type",
+    "event",
+    "enabled",
+};
+
 /**
  * printFields is a helper method that prints the fields and corresponding values
  * in a human readable style.
@@ -459,6 +488,15 @@
             [this](const std::shared_ptr<const android::mediametrics::Item> &item){
                 mAudioPowerUsage.checkCreatePatch(item);
             }));
+
+    // Handle Spatializer - these keys are prefixed by "audio.spatializer."
+    mActions.addAction(
+        AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER "*." AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT,
+        std::monostate{}, /* match any event */
+        std::make_shared<AnalyticsActions::Function>(
+            [this](const std::shared_ptr<const android::mediametrics::Item> &item){
+                mSpatializer.onEvent(item);
+            }));
 }
 
 AudioAnalytics::~AudioAnalytics()
@@ -750,15 +788,9 @@
     int32_t frameCount = 0;
     mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
             key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_FRAMECOUNT, &frameCount);
-    std::string inputDevicePairs;
-    mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
-            key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INPUTDEVICES, &inputDevicePairs);
     int32_t intervalCount = 0;
     mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
             key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INTERVALCOUNT, &intervalCount);
-    std::string outputDevicePairs;
-    mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
-            key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_OUTPUTDEVICES, &outputDevicePairs);
     int32_t sampleRate = 0;
     mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
             key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_SAMPLERATE, &sampleRate);
@@ -766,53 +798,16 @@
     mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
             key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_FLAGS, &flags);
 
-    // We may have several devices.
-    // Accumulate the bit flags for input and output devices.
-    std::stringstream oss;
-    long_enum_type_t outputDeviceBits{};
-    {   // compute outputDevices
-        const auto devaddrvec = stringutils::getDeviceAddressPairs(outputDevicePairs);
-        for (const auto& [device, addr] : devaddrvec) {
-            if (oss.tellp() > 0) oss << "|";  // delimit devices with '|'.
-            oss << device;
-            outputDeviceBits += types::lookup<types::OUTPUT_DEVICE, long_enum_type_t>(device);
-        }
-    }
-    const std::string outputDevices = oss.str();
-
-    std::stringstream iss;
-    long_enum_type_t inputDeviceBits{};
-    {   // compute inputDevices
-        const auto devaddrvec = stringutils::getDeviceAddressPairs(inputDevicePairs);
-        for (const auto& [device, addr] : devaddrvec) {
-            if (iss.tellp() > 0) iss << "|";  // delimit devices with '|'.
-            iss << device;
-            inputDeviceBits += types::lookup<types::INPUT_DEVICE, long_enum_type_t>(device);
-        }
-    }
-    const std::string inputDevices = iss.str();
-
-    // Get connected device name if from bluetooth.
-    bool isBluetooth = false;
-
-    std::string inputDeviceNames;  // not filled currently.
-    std::string outputDeviceNames;
-    if (outputDevices.find("AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH") != std::string::npos) {
-        isBluetooth = true;
-        outputDeviceNames = SUPPRESSED;
-#if 0   // TODO(b/161554630) sanitize name
-        mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
-            "audio.device.bt_a2dp", AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_NAME, &outputDeviceNames);
-        // Remove | if present
-        stringutils::replace(outputDeviceNames, "|", '?');
-        if (outputDeviceNames.size() > STATSD_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH) {
-            outputDeviceNames.resize(STATSD_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH); // truncate
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-
     switch (itemType) {
     case RECORD: {
+        std::string inputDevicePairs;
+        mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
+                key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INPUTDEVICES, &inputDevicePairs);
+
+        const auto [ inputDeviceStatsd, inputDevices ] =
+                stringutils::parseInputDevicePairs(inputDevicePairs);
+        const std::string inputDeviceNames;  // not filled currently.
+
         std::string callerName;
         const bool clientCalled = mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
                 key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CALLERNAME, &callerName) == OK;
@@ -848,7 +843,7 @@
 
         LOG(LOG_LEVEL) << "key:" << key
               << " id:" << id
-              << " inputDevices:" << inputDevices << "(" << inputDeviceBits
+              << " inputDevices:" << inputDevices << "(" << inputDeviceStatsd
               << ") inputDeviceNames:" << inputDeviceNames
               << " deviceTimeNs:" << deviceTimeNs
               << " encoding:" << encoding << "(" << encodingForStats
@@ -866,7 +861,7 @@
                 && mAudioAnalytics.mDeliverStatistics) {
             const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(AudioRecordDeviceUsageFields,
                     CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_AUDIORECORDDEVICEUSAGE_REPORTED)
-                    , ENUM_EXTRACT(inputDeviceBits)
+                    , ENUM_EXTRACT(inputDeviceStatsd)
                     , inputDeviceNames.c_str()
                     , deviceTimeNs
                     , ENUM_EXTRACT(encodingForStats)
@@ -895,18 +890,35 @@
                 key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_UNDERRUN, &underrun);
 
         const bool isInput = types::isInputThreadType(type);
+
+        // get device information
+        std::string devicePairs;
+        std::string deviceStatsd;
+        std::string devices;
+        std::string deviceNames;
+        if (isInput) {
+            // Note we get the "last" device which is the one associated with group.
+            item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_LAST AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_INPUTDEVICES,
+                    &devicePairs);
+            std::tie(deviceStatsd, devices) = stringutils::parseInputDevicePairs(devicePairs);
+        } else {
+            // Note we get the "last" device which is the one associated with group.
+            item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_PREFIX_LAST AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_OUTPUTDEVICES,
+                    &devicePairs);
+            std::tie(deviceStatsd, devices) = stringutils::parseOutputDevicePairs(devicePairs);
+            deviceNames = mAudioAnalytics.getDeviceNamesFromOutputDevices(devices);
+        }
+
         const auto encodingForStats = types::lookup<types::ENCODING, short_enum_type_t>(encoding);
         const auto flagsForStats =
                 (isInput ? types::lookup<types::INPUT_FLAG, short_enum_type_t>(flags)
                         : types::lookup<types::OUTPUT_FLAG, short_enum_type_t>(flags));
         const auto typeForStats = types::lookup<types::THREAD_TYPE, short_enum_type_t>(type);
 
-        LOG(LOG_LEVEL) << "key:" << key
+         LOG(LOG_LEVEL) << "key:" << key
               << " id:" << id
-              << " inputDevices:" << inputDevices << "(" << inputDeviceBits
-              << ") outputDevices:" << outputDevices << "(" << outputDeviceBits
-              << ") inputDeviceNames:" << inputDeviceNames
-              << " outputDeviceNames:" << outputDeviceNames
+              << " devices:" << devices << "(" << deviceStatsd
+              << ") deviceNames:" << deviceNames
               << " deviceTimeNs:" << deviceTimeNs
               << " encoding:" << encoding << "(" << encodingForStats
               << ") frameCount:" << frameCount
@@ -919,8 +931,8 @@
         if (mAudioAnalytics.mDeliverStatistics) {
             const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(AudioThreadDeviceUsageFields,
                 CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_AUDIOTHREADDEVICEUSAGE_REPORTED)
-                , isInput ? ENUM_EXTRACT(inputDeviceBits) : ENUM_EXTRACT(outputDeviceBits)
-                , isInput ? inputDeviceNames.c_str() : outputDeviceNames.c_str()
+                , ENUM_EXTRACT(deviceStatsd)
+                , deviceNames.c_str()
                 , deviceTimeNs
                 , ENUM_EXTRACT(encodingForStats)
                 , frameCount
@@ -936,6 +948,15 @@
         }
     } break;
     case TRACK: {
+        std::string outputDevicePairs;
+        mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
+                key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_OUTPUTDEVICES, &outputDevicePairs);
+
+        const auto [ outputDeviceStatsd, outputDevices ] =
+                stringutils::parseOutputDevicePairs(outputDevicePairs);
+        const std::string outputDeviceNames =
+                mAudioAnalytics.getDeviceNamesFromOutputDevices(outputDevices);
+
         std::string callerName;
         const bool clientCalled = mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
                 key, AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CALLERNAME, &callerName) == OK;
@@ -1003,7 +1024,7 @@
 
         LOG(LOG_LEVEL) << "key:" << key
               << " id:" << id
-              << " outputDevices:" << outputDevices << "(" << outputDeviceBits
+              << " outputDevices:" << outputDevices << "(" << outputDeviceStatsd
               << ") outputDeviceNames:" << outputDeviceNames
               << " deviceTimeNs:" << deviceTimeNs
               << " encoding:" << encoding << "(" << encodingForStats
@@ -1030,7 +1051,7 @@
                 && mAudioAnalytics.mDeliverStatistics) {
             const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(AudioTrackDeviceUsageFields,
                     CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_AUDIOTRACKDEVICEUSAGE_REPORTED)
-                    , ENUM_EXTRACT(outputDeviceBits)
+                    , ENUM_EXTRACT(outputDeviceStatsd)
                     , outputDeviceNames.c_str()
                     , deviceTimeNs
                     , ENUM_EXTRACT(encodingForStats)
@@ -1057,11 +1078,6 @@
         }
         } break;
     }
-
-    // Report this as needed.
-    if (isBluetooth) {
-        // report this for Bluetooth
-    }
 }
 
 // DeviceConnection helper class.
@@ -1525,5 +1541,191 @@
     return { s, n };
 }
 
+// Classifies the setting event for statsd (use generated statsd enums.proto constants).
+static int32_t classifySettingEvent(bool isSetAlready, bool withinBoot) {
+    if (isSetAlready) {
+        return util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__EVENT__SPATIALIZER_SETTING_EVENT_NORMAL;
+    }
+    if (withinBoot) {
+        return util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__EVENT__SPATIALIZER_SETTING_EVENT_BOOT;
+    }
+    return util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__EVENT__SPATIALIZER_SETTING_EVENT_FIRST;
+}
+
+void AudioAnalytics::Spatializer::onEvent(
+        const std::shared_ptr<const android::mediametrics::Item> &item)
+{
+    const auto key = item->getKey();
+
+    if (!startsWith(key, AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER)) return;
+
+    const std::string suffix =
+            key.substr(std::size(AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_SPATIALIZER) - 1);
+
+    std::string eventStr; // optional - find the actual event string.
+    (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_EVENT, &eventStr);
+
+    const size_t delim = suffix.find('.'); // note could use split.
+    if (delim == suffix.npos) {
+        // on create with suffix == "0" for the first spatializer effect.
+
+        std::string headTrackingModes;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKINGMODES, &headTrackingModes);
+
+        std::string levels;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_LEVELS, &levels);
+
+        std::string modes;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_MODES, &modes);
+
+        std::string channelMasks;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_CHANNELMASKS, &channelMasks);
+
+        LOG(LOG_LEVEL) << "key:" << key
+                << " headTrackingModes:" << headTrackingModes
+                << " levels:" << levels
+                << " modes:" << modes
+                << " channelMasks:" << channelMasks
+                ;
+
+        const std::vector<int32_t> headTrackingModesVector =
+                types::vectorFromMap(headTrackingModes, types::getHeadTrackingModeMap());
+        const std::vector<int32_t> levelsVector =
+                types::vectorFromMap(levels, types::getSpatializerLevelMap());
+        const std::vector<int32_t> modesVector =
+                types::vectorFromMap(modes, types::getSpatializerModeMap());
+        const std::vector<int64_t> channelMasksVector =
+                types::channelMaskVectorFromString(channelMasks);
+
+        const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(SpatializerCapabilitiesFields,
+                CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZERCAPABILITIES_REPORTED)
+                , headTrackingModesVector
+                , levelsVector
+                , modesVector
+                , channelMasksVector
+                );
+
+        mAudioAnalytics.mStatsdLog->log(
+                android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZERCAPABILITIES_REPORTED, str);
+
+        std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
+        if (mFirstCreateTimeNs == 0) {
+            // Only update the create time once to prevent audioserver restart
+            // from looking like a boot.
+            mFirstCreateTimeNs = item->getTimestamp();
+        }
+        mSimpleLog.log("%s suffix: %s item: %s",
+                __func__, suffix.c_str(), item->toString().c_str());
+    } else {
+        std::string subtype = suffix.substr(0, delim);
+        if (subtype != "device") return; // not a device.
+
+        const std::string deviceType = suffix.substr(std::size("device.") - 1);
+
+        const int32_t deviceTypeStatsd =
+                types::lookup<types::AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE, int32_t>(deviceType);
+
+        std::string address;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ADDRESS, &address);
+        std::string enabled;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_ENABLED, &enabled);
+        std::string hasHeadTracker;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HASHEADTRACKER, &hasHeadTracker);
+        std::string headTrackerEnabled;
+        (void)item->get(AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_HEADTRACKERENABLED, &headTrackerEnabled);
+
+        std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
+
+        // Validate from our cached state
+
+        // Our deviceKey takes the device type and appends the address if any.
+        // This distinguishes different wireless devices for the purposes of tracking.
+        std::string deviceKey(deviceType);
+        deviceKey.append("_").append(address);
+        DeviceState& deviceState = mDeviceStateMap[deviceKey];
+
+        // check whether the settings event is within a certain time of spatializer creation.
+        const bool withinBoot =
+                item->getTimestamp() - mFirstCreateTimeNs < kBootDurationThreshold;
+
+        if (!enabled.empty()) {
+            if (enabled != deviceState.enabled) {
+                const int32_t settingEventStatsd =
+                        classifySettingEvent(!deviceState.enabled.empty(), withinBoot);
+                deviceState.enabled = enabled;
+                const bool enabledStatsd = enabled == "true";
+                const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(SpatializerDeviceEnabledFields,
+                        CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZERDEVICEENABLED_REPORTED)
+                        , deviceTypeStatsd
+                        , settingEventStatsd
+                        , enabledStatsd
+                        );
+                mAudioAnalytics.mStatsdLog->log(
+                        android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZERDEVICEENABLED_REPORTED, str);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!hasHeadTracker.empty()) {
+            if (hasHeadTracker != deviceState.hasHeadTracker) {
+                const int32_t settingEventStatsd =
+                        classifySettingEvent(!deviceState.hasHeadTracker.empty(), withinBoot);
+                deviceState.hasHeadTracker = hasHeadTracker;
+                const bool supportedStatsd = hasHeadTracker == "true";
+                const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(HeadTrackerDeviceSupportedFields,
+                        CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_HEADTRACKERDEVICESUPPORTED_REPORTED)
+                        , deviceTypeStatsd
+                        , settingEventStatsd
+                        , supportedStatsd
+                        );
+                mAudioAnalytics.mStatsdLog->log(
+                        android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_HEADTRACKERDEVICESUPPORTED_REPORTED, str);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!headTrackerEnabled.empty()) {
+            if (headTrackerEnabled != deviceState.headTrackerEnabled) {
+                const int32_t settingEventStatsd =
+                        classifySettingEvent(!deviceState.headTrackerEnabled.empty(), withinBoot);
+                deviceState.headTrackerEnabled = headTrackerEnabled;
+                const bool enabledStatsd = headTrackerEnabled == "true";
+                const auto [ result, str ] = sendToStatsd(HeadTrackerDeviceEnabledFields,
+                        CONDITION(android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_HEADTRACKERDEVICEENABLED_REPORTED)
+                        , deviceTypeStatsd
+                        , settingEventStatsd
+                        , enabledStatsd
+                        );
+                mAudioAnalytics.mStatsdLog->log(
+                        android::util::MEDIAMETRICS_HEADTRACKERDEVICEENABLED_REPORTED, str);
+            }
+        }
+        mSimpleLog.log("%s deviceKey: %s item: %s",
+                __func__, deviceKey.c_str(), item->toString().c_str());
+    }
+}
+
+std::pair<std::string, int32_t> AudioAnalytics::Spatializer::dump(
+        int32_t lines, const char *prefix) const
+{
+    std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
+    std::string s = mSimpleLog.dumpToString(prefix == nullptr ? "" : prefix, lines);
+    size_t n = std::count(s.begin(), s.end(), '\n');
+    return { s, n };
+}
+
+// This method currently suppresses the name.
+std::string AudioAnalytics::getDeviceNamesFromOutputDevices(std::string_view devices) const {
+    std::string deviceNames;
+    if (stringutils::hasBluetoothOutputDevice(devices)) {
+        deviceNames = SUPPRESSED;
+#if 0   // TODO(b/161554630) sanitize name
+        mAudioAnalytics.mAnalyticsState->timeMachine().get(
+            "audio.device.bt_a2dp", AMEDIAMETRICS_PROP_NAME, &deviceNames);
+        // Remove | if present
+        stringutils::replace(deviceNames, "|", '?');
+        if (deviceNames.size() > STATSD_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH) {
+            deviceNames.resize(STATSD_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH); // truncate
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+    return deviceNames;
+}
 
 } // namespace android::mediametrics
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/AudioTypes.cpp b/services/mediametrics/AudioTypes.cpp
index 6e24a58..d2b4aab 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/AudioTypes.cpp
+++ b/services/mediametrics/AudioTypes.cpp
@@ -135,6 +135,94 @@
     return map;
 }
 
+// A map for the Java AudioDeviceInfo types to internal (native) output devices.
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getAudioDeviceOutCompactMap() {
+    // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES (OK to add new ones).
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map{
+        // should "unknown" go to AUDIO_DEVICE_NONE?
+        {"earpiece", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_EARPIECE},
+        {"speaker", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER},
+        {"headset", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADSET},
+        {"headphone", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADPHONE},
+        {"bt_sco", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO},
+        {"bt_sco_hs", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET},
+        {"bt_sco_carkit", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_CARKIT},
+        {"bt_a2dp", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP},
+        {"bt_a2dp_hp", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES},
+        {"bt_a2dp_spk", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER},
+        {"aux_digital", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL},
+        {"hdmi", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI},
+        {"analog_dock", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ANLG_DOCK_HEADSET},
+        {"digital_dock", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET},
+        {"usb_accessory", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_ACCESSORY},
+        {"usb_device", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_DEVICE},
+        {"remote_submix", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX},
+        {"telephony_tx", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_TELEPHONY_TX},
+        {"line", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_LINE},
+        {"hdmi_arc", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC},
+        {"hdmi_earc", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_EARC},
+        {"spdif", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF},
+        {"fm_transmitter", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_FM},
+        {"aux_line", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE},
+        {"speaker_safe", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE},
+        {"ip", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP},
+        {"bus", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS},
+        {"proxy", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_PROXY},
+        {"usb_headset", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET},
+        {"hearing_aid_out", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID},
+        {"echo_canceller", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ECHO_CANCELLER},
+        // default does not exist
+        {"ble_headset", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_HEADSET},
+        {"ble_speaker", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_SPEAKER},
+        {"ble_broadcast", AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_BROADCAST},
+    };
+    return map;
+}
+
+// A map for the Java AudioDeviceInfo types.
+// This uses generated statsd enums.proto constants.
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getAudioDeviceInfoTypeMap() {
+    // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES (OK to add new ones).
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map{
+        {"unknown", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_UNKNOWN},
+        {"earpiece", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BUILTIN_EARPIECE},
+        {"speaker", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BUILTIN_SPEAKER},
+        {"headset", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_WIRED_HEADSET},
+        {"headphone", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_WIRED_HEADPHONES}, // sic
+        {"bt_sco", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_SCO},
+        {"bt_sco_hs", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_SCO},
+        {"bt_sco_carkit", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_SCO},
+        {"bt_a2dp", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_A2DP},
+        {"bt_a2dp_hp", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_A2DP},
+        {"bt_a2dp_spk", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLUETOOTH_A2DP},
+        {"aux_digital", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_HDMI},
+        {"hdmi", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_HDMI},
+        {"analog_dock", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_DOCK},
+        {"digital_dock", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_DOCK},
+        {"usb_accessory", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_USB_ACCESSORY},
+        {"usb_device", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_USB_DEVICE},
+        {"usb_headset", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_USB_HEADSET},
+        {"remote_submix", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_REMOTE_SUBMIX},
+        {"telephony_tx", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_TELEPHONY},
+        {"line", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_LINE_ANALOG},
+        {"hdmi_arc", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_HDMI_ARC},
+        {"hdmi_earc", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_HDMI_EARC},
+        {"spdif", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_LINE_DIGITAL},
+        {"fm_transmitter", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_FM},
+        {"aux_line", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_AUX_LINE},
+        {"speaker_safe", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BUILTIN_SPEAKER_SAFE},
+        {"ip", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_IP},
+        {"bus", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BUS},
+        {"proxy", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_UNKNOWN /* AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_PROXY */},
+        {"hearing_aid_out", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_HEARING_AID},
+        {"echo_canceller", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_ECHO_REFERENCE}, // sic
+        {"ble_headset", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLE_HEADSET},
+        {"ble_speaker", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLE_SPEAKER},
+        {"ble_broadcast", util::MEDIAMETRICS_SPATIALIZER_DEVICE_ENABLED_REPORTED__TYPE__AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE_BLE_BROADCAST},
+    };
+    return map;
+}
+
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getAudioThreadTypeMap() {
     // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES (OK to add new ones).
     // This may be found in frameworks/av/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
@@ -197,6 +285,41 @@
     return map;
 }
 
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getHeadTrackingModeMap() {
+    // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES(OK to add new ones).
+    // frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/Spatializer.java
+    // frameworks/av/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/SpatializerHeadTrackingMode.aidl
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map {
+        {"OTHER", 0},
+        {"DISABLED", -1},
+        {"RELATIVE_WORLD", 1},
+        {"RELATIVE_SCREEN", 2},
+    };
+    return map;
+}
+
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getSpatializerLevelMap() {
+    // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES(OK to add new ones).
+    // frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/Spatializer.java
+    // frameworks/av/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/SpatializerHeadTrackingMode.aidl
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map {
+        {"NONE", 0},
+        {"SPATIALIZER_MULTICHANNEL", 1},
+        {"SPATIALIZER_MCHAN_BED_PLUS_OBJECTS", 2},
+    };
+    return map;
+}
+
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getSpatializerModeMap() {
+    // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES(OK to add new ones).
+    // frameworks/av/media/libaudioclient/aidl/android/media/SpatializationMode.aidl
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map {
+        {"SPATIALIZER_BINAURAL", 0},
+        {"SPATIALIZER_TRANSAURAL", 1},
+    };
+    return map;
+}
+
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getStatusMap() {
     // DO NOT MODIFY VALUES(OK to add new ones).
     static std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t> map {
@@ -286,6 +409,35 @@
     return value;
 }
 
+std::vector<int32_t> vectorFromMap(
+        const std::string &str, const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& map)
+{
+    std::vector<int32_t> v;
+
+    if (str.empty()) return v;
+
+    const auto result = stringutils::split(str, "|");
+    for (const auto &s : result) {
+        auto it = map.find(s);
+        if (it == map.end()) continue;
+        v.push_back(it->second);
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
+std::vector<int64_t> channelMaskVectorFromString(const std::string &s)
+{
+    std::vector<int64_t> v;
+
+    const auto result = stringutils::split(s, "|");
+    for (const auto &mask : result) {
+        // 0 if undetected or if actually 0.
+        int64_t int64Mask = strtoll(mask.c_str(), nullptr, 0);
+        v.push_back(int64Mask);
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
 template <>
 int32_t lookup<CONTENT_TYPE>(const std::string &contentType)
 {
@@ -441,6 +593,17 @@
 }
 
 template <>
+int32_t lookup<AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE>(const std::string& audioDeviceInfoType)
+{
+    auto& map = getAudioDeviceInfoTypeMap();
+    auto it = map.find(audioDeviceInfoType);
+    if (it == map.end()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return it->second;
+}
+
+template <>
 int32_t lookup<CALLER_NAME>(const std::string &callerName)
 {
     auto& map = getAudioCallerNameMap();
@@ -463,6 +626,39 @@
 }
 
 template <>
+int32_t lookup<HEAD_TRACKING_MODE>(const std::string& headTrackingMode)
+{
+    auto& map = getHeadTrackingModeMap();
+    auto it = map.find(headTrackingMode);
+    if (it == map.end()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return it->second;
+}
+
+template <>
+int32_t lookup<SPATIALIZER_LEVEL>(const std::string& spatializerLevel)
+{
+    auto& map = getSpatializerLevelMap();
+    auto it = map.find(spatializerLevel);
+    if (it == map.end()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return it->second;
+}
+
+template <>
+int32_t lookup<SPATIALIZER_MODE>(const std::string& spatializerMode)
+{
+    auto& map = getSpatializerModeMap();
+    auto it = map.find(spatializerMode);
+    if (it == map.end()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return it->second;
+}
+
+template <>
 int32_t lookup<STATUS>(const std::string &status)
 {
     auto& map = getStatusMap();
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp b/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
index ff16b9e..8a7e8a9 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
+++ b/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
@@ -336,6 +336,15 @@
                 result << "-- some lines may be truncated --\n";
             }
 
+            const int32_t spatializerLinesToDump = all ? INT32_MAX : 15;
+            result << "\nSpatializer Message Log:";
+            const auto [ spatializerDumpString, spatializerLines ] =
+                    mAudioAnalytics.dumpSpatializer(spatializerLinesToDump);
+            result << "\n" << spatializerDumpString;
+            if (spatializerLines == spatializerLinesToDump) {
+                result << "-- some lines may be truncated --\n";
+            }
+
             result << "\nLogSessionId:\n"
                    << mediametrics::ValidateId::get()->dump();
 
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/StringUtils.cpp b/services/mediametrics/StringUtils.cpp
index 50525bc..d1c7a18 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/StringUtils.cpp
+++ b/services/mediametrics/StringUtils.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "StringUtils.h"
 
+#include "AudioTypes.h"
+
 namespace android::mediametrics::stringutils {
 
 std::string tokenizer(std::string::const_iterator& it,
@@ -99,4 +101,30 @@
     return replaced;
 }
 
+template <types::AudioEnumCategory CATEGORY>
+std::pair<std::string /* external statsd */, std::string /* internal */>
+parseDevicePairs(const std::string& devicePairs) {
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> result{};
+    const auto devaddrvec = stringutils::getDeviceAddressPairs(devicePairs);
+    for (const auto& [device, addr] : devaddrvec) { // addr ignored for now.
+        if (!result.second.empty()) {
+            result.second.append("|"); // delimit devices with '|'.
+            result.first.append("|");
+        }
+        result.second.append(device);
+        result.first.append(types::lookup<CATEGORY, std::string>(device));
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+std::pair<std::string /* external statsd */, std::string /* internal */>
+parseOutputDevicePairs(const std::string& devicePairs) {
+    return parseDevicePairs<types::OUTPUT_DEVICE>(devicePairs);
+}
+
+std::pair<std::string /* external statsd */, std::string /* internal */>
+parseInputDevicePairs(const std::string& devicePairs) {
+    return parseDevicePairs<types::INPUT_DEVICE>(devicePairs);
+}
+
 } // namespace android::mediametrics::stringutils
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioAnalytics.h b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioAnalytics.h
index 5ee8c30..82e928e 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioAnalytics.h
+++ b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioAnalytics.h
@@ -92,6 +92,15 @@
         return mHealth.dump(lines);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a pair consisting of the dump string and the number of lines in the string.
+     *
+     * Spatializer dump.
+     */
+    std::pair<std::string, int32_t> dumpSpatializer(int32_t lines = INT32_MAX) const {
+        return mSpatializer.dump(lines);
+    }
+
     void clear() {
         // underlying state is locked.
         mPreviousAnalyticsState->clear();
@@ -152,6 +161,13 @@
      */
     std::string getThreadFromTrack(const std::string& track) const;
 
+    /**
+     * return the device name, if present.
+     *
+     * This is currently enabled only for Bluetooth output devices.
+     */
+    std::string getDeviceNamesFromOutputDevices(std::string_view devices) const;
+
     const bool mDeliverStatistics;
 
     // Actions is individually locked
@@ -317,6 +333,36 @@
         SimpleLog mSimpleLog GUARDED_BY(mLock) {64};
     } mHealth{*this};
 
+    // Spatializer is a nested class that tracks related messages.
+    class Spatializer {
+    public:
+        explicit Spatializer(AudioAnalytics &audioAnalytics)
+            : mAudioAnalytics(audioAnalytics) {}
+
+        // an item that starts with "audio.spatializer"
+        void onEvent(const std::shared_ptr<const android::mediametrics::Item> &item);
+
+        std::pair<std::string, int32_t> dump(
+                int32_t lines = INT32_MAX, const char *prefix = nullptr) const;
+
+    private:
+
+        // Current device state as strings:
+        // "" means unknown, "true" or "false".
+        struct DeviceState {
+            std::string enabled;
+            std::string hasHeadTracker;
+            std::string headTrackerEnabled;
+        };
+
+        AudioAnalytics& mAudioAnalytics;
+        static constexpr int64_t kBootDurationThreshold = 120 /* seconds */ * 1e9;
+        mutable std::mutex mLock;
+        int64_t mFirstCreateTimeNs GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
+        std::map<std::string, DeviceState> mDeviceStateMap GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+        SimpleLog mSimpleLog GUARDED_BY(mLock) {64};
+    } mSpatializer{*this};
+
     AudioPowerUsage mAudioPowerUsage;
 };
 
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioTypes.h b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioTypes.h
index 5dbff9b..b5fe28b 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioTypes.h
+++ b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/AudioTypes.h
@@ -29,6 +29,14 @@
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, int64_t>& getAudioDeviceOutMap();
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getAudioThreadTypeMap();
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getAudioTrackTraitsMap();
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getHeadTrackingModeMap();
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getSpatializerLevelMap();
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& getSpatializerModeMap();
+
+std::vector<int32_t> vectorFromMap(
+        const std::string &str, const std::unordered_map<std::string, int32_t>& map);
+
+std::vector<int64_t> channelMaskVectorFromString(const std::string &s);
 
 // Enumeration for the device connection results.
 enum DeviceConnectionResult : int32_t {
@@ -47,14 +55,18 @@
     AAUDIO_DIRECTION,
     AAUDIO_PERFORMANCE_MODE,
     AAUDIO_SHARING_MODE,
+    AUDIO_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE,
     CALLER_NAME,
     CONTENT_TYPE,
     ENCODING,
+    HEAD_TRACKING_MODE,
     INPUT_DEVICE,  // int64_t
     INPUT_FLAG,
     OUTPUT_DEVICE, // int64_t
     OUTPUT_FLAG,
     SOURCE_TYPE,
+    SPATIALIZER_LEVEL,
+    SPATIALIZER_MODE,
     STATUS,
     STREAM_TYPE,
     THREAD_TYPE,
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/MediaMetricsService.h b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/MediaMetricsService.h
index 8d0b1cf..3ec5ac7 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/MediaMetricsService.h
+++ b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/MediaMetricsService.h
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
     std::atomic<int64_t> mItemsSubmitted{}; // accessed outside of lock.
 
     // mStatsdLog is locked internally (thread-safe) and shows the last atoms logged
-    static constexpr size_t STATSD_LOG_LINES_MAX = 30; // recent log lines to keep
+    static constexpr size_t STATSD_LOG_LINES_MAX = 48; // recent log lines to keep
     static constexpr size_t STATSD_LOG_LINES_DUMP = 4; // normal amount of lines to dump
     const std::shared_ptr<mediametrics::StatsdLog> mStatsdLog{
             std::make_shared<mediametrics::StatsdLog>(STATSD_LOG_LINES_MAX)};
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/StringUtils.h b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/StringUtils.h
index a56f5b8..78c25ff 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/StringUtils.h
+++ b/services/mediametrics/include/mediametricsservice/StringUtils.h
@@ -23,6 +23,19 @@
 
 namespace android::mediametrics::stringutils {
 
+// Define a way of printing a vector - this
+// is used for proto repeated arguments.
+template <typename T>
+inline std::ostream & operator<< (std::ostream& s,
+                           std::vector<T> const& v) {
+    s << "{ ";
+    for (const auto& e : v) {
+        s << e << " ";
+    }
+    s << "}";
+    return s;
+}
+
 /**
  * fieldPrint is a helper method that logs to a stringstream a sequence of
  * field names (in a fixed size array) together with a variable number of arg parameters.
@@ -204,4 +217,14 @@
     return { key, "" };
 }
 
+std::pair<std::string /* external statsd */, std::string /* internal */>
+parseOutputDevicePairs(const std::string& outputDevicePairs);
+
+std::pair<std::string /* external statsd */, std::string /* internal */>
+parseInputDevicePairs(const std::string& inputDevicePairs);
+
+inline bool hasBluetoothOutputDevice(std::string_view devices) {
+    return devices.find("AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH") != std::string::npos;
+}
+
 } // namespace android::mediametrics::stringutils
diff --git a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceEndpointMMAP.cpp b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceEndpointMMAP.cpp
index 3f18b95..ea817ab 100644
--- a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceEndpointMMAP.cpp
+++ b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceEndpointMMAP.cpp
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
 aaudio_result_t AAudioServiceEndpointMMAP::open(const aaudio::AAudioStreamRequest &request) {
     aaudio_result_t result = AAUDIO_OK;
     copyFrom(request.getConstantConfiguration());
+    mRequestedDeviceId = getDeviceId();
+
     mMmapClient.attributionSource = request.getAttributionSource();
     // TODO b/182392769: use attribution source util
     mMmapClient.attributionSource.uid = VALUE_OR_FATAL(
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@
 
     const audio_attributes_t attributes = getAudioAttributesFrom(this);
 
-    mRequestedDeviceId = deviceId = getDeviceId();
+    deviceId = mRequestedDeviceId;
 
     // Fill in config
     config.format = audioFormat;
@@ -151,6 +153,10 @@
     audio_session_t sessionId = AAudioConvert_aaudioToAndroidSessionId(requestedSessionId);
 
     // Open HAL stream. Set mMmapStream
+    ALOGD("%s trying to open MMAP stream with format=%#x, "
+          "sample_rate=%u, channel_mask=%#x, device=%d",
+          __func__, config.format, config.sample_rate,
+          config.channel_mask, deviceId);
     status_t status = MmapStreamInterface::openMmapStream(streamDirection,
                                                           &attributes,
                                                           &config,
@@ -221,6 +227,9 @@
 
 error:
     close();
+    // restore original requests
+    setDeviceId(mRequestedDeviceId);
+    setSessionId(requestedSessionId);
     return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.cpp b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.cpp
index 9f48f80..f4ee84f 100644
--- a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.cpp
+++ b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.cpp
@@ -435,7 +435,15 @@
             }
         }
         if (isIdle_l() && AudioClock::getNanoseconds() >= standbyTime) {
-            standby_l();
+            aaudio_result_t result = standby_l();
+            if (result != AAUDIO_OK) {
+                // If standby failed because of the function is not implemented, there is no
+                // need to retry. Otherwise, retry standby later.
+                ALOGW("Failed to enter standby, error=%d", result);
+                standbyTime = result == AAUDIO_ERROR_UNIMPLEMENTED
+                        ? std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()
+                        : AudioClock::getNanoseconds() + IDLE_TIMEOUT_NANOS;
+            }
         }
 
         if (command != nullptr) {
diff --git a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.h b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.h
index b2ba725..b5f8b90 100644
--- a/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.h
+++ b/services/oboeservice/AAudioServiceStreamBase.h
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
     }
 
     virtual aaudio_result_t standby_l() REQUIRES(mLock) {
-        return AAUDIO_ERROR_UNAVAILABLE;
+        return AAUDIO_ERROR_UNIMPLEMENTED;
     }
     class ExitStandbyParam : public AAudioCommandParam {
     public: