diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
index f5f11cc..51e140d 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
@@ -715,7 +715,8 @@
         size_t frameCountToBeReady,
         float speed,
         bool isSpatialized,
-        bool isBitPerfect) {
+        bool isBitPerfect,
+        float volume) {
     return sp<Track>::make(thread,
             client,
             streamType,
@@ -736,7 +737,8 @@
             frameCountToBeReady,
             speed,
             isSpatialized,
-            isBitPerfect);
+            isBitPerfect,
+            volume);
 }
 
 // Track constructor must be called with AudioFlinger::mLock and ThreadBase::mLock held
@@ -761,7 +763,8 @@
             size_t frameCountToBeReady,
             float speed,
             bool isSpatialized,
-            bool isBitPerfect)
+            bool isBitPerfect,
+            float volume)
     :   TrackBase(thread, client, attr, sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
                   // TODO: Using unsecurePointer() has some associated security pitfalls
                   //       (see declaration for details).
@@ -797,7 +800,8 @@
     mFlags(flags),
     mSpeed(speed),
     mIsSpatialized(isSpatialized),
-    mIsBitPerfect(isBitPerfect)
+    mIsBitPerfect(isBitPerfect),
+    mVolume(volume)
 {
     // client == 0 implies sharedBuffer == 0
     ALOG_ASSERT(!(client == 0 && sharedBuffer != 0));
@@ -843,6 +847,14 @@
         thread->fastTrackAvailMask_l() &= ~(1 << i);
     }
 
+    populateUsageAndContentTypeFromStreamType();
+
+    // Audio patch and call assistant volume are always max
+    if (mAttr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT
+            || mAttr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE) {
+        mVolume = 1.0f;
+    }
+
     mServerLatencySupported = checkServerLatencySupported(format, flags);
 #ifdef TEE_SINK
     mTee.setId(std::string("_") + std::to_string(mThreadIoHandle)
@@ -865,6 +877,62 @@
     mTrackMetrics.logConstructor(creatorPid, uid, id(), traits, streamType);
 }
 
+// When attributes are undefined, derive default values from stream type.
+// See AudioAttributes.java, usageForStreamType() and Builder.setInternalLegacyStreamType()
+void Track::populateUsageAndContentTypeFromStreamType() {
+    if (mAttr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN) {
+        switch (mStreamType) {
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_RING:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING:
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
+            // unknown content type
+            break;
+        case AUDIO_STREAM_CALL_ASSISTANT:
+            mAttr.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT;
+            mAttr.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 Track::~Track()
 {
     ALOGV("%s(%d)", __func__, mId);
@@ -923,7 +991,7 @@
     result.appendFormat("Type     Id Active Client Session Port Id S  Flags "
                         "  Format Chn mask  SRate "
                         "ST Usg CT "
-                        " G db  L dB  R dB  VS dB "
+                        " G db  L dB  R dB  VS dB  PortVol dB "
                         "  Server FrmCnt  FrmRdy F Underruns  Flushed BitPerfect InternalMute"
                         "%s\n",
                         isServerLatencySupported() ? "   Latency" : "");
@@ -1009,7 +1077,7 @@
     result.appendFormat("%7s %6u %7u %7u %2s 0x%03X "
                         "%08X %08X %6u "
                         "%2u %3x %2x "
-                        "%5.2g %5.2g %5.2g %5.2g%c "
+                        "%5.2g %5.2g %5.2g %5.2g%c %11.2g "
                         "%08X %6zu%c %6zu %c %9u%c %7u %10s %12s",
             active ? "yes" : "no",
             (mClient == 0) ? getpid() : mClient->pid(),
@@ -1031,6 +1099,7 @@
             20.0 * log10(float_from_gain(gain_minifloat_unpack_right(vlr))),
             20.0 * log10(vsVolume.first), // VolumeShaper(s) total volume
             vsVolume.second ? 'A' : ' ',  // if any VolumeShapers active
+            20.0 * log10(mVolume),
 
             mCblk->mServer,
             bufferSizeInFrames,
@@ -1587,59 +1656,6 @@
             .gain = mFinalVolume,
     };
 
-    // When attributes are undefined, derive default values from stream type.
-    // See AudioAttributes.java, usageForStreamType() and Builder.setInternalLegacyStreamType()
-    if (mAttr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN) {
-        switch (mStreamType) {
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_RING:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
-            // unknown content type
-            break;
-        case AUDIO_STREAM_CALL_ASSISTANT:
-            metadata.base.usage = AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT;
-            metadata.base.content_type = AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
-            break;
-        default:
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
     metadata.channel_mask = mChannelMask;
     strncpy(metadata.tags, mAttr.tags, AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE);
     *backInserter++ = metadata;
@@ -2191,14 +2207,13 @@
             size_t frameCount,
             const AttributionSourceState& attributionSource)
     :   Track(playbackThread, NULL, AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH,
-              audio_attributes_t{} /* currently unused for output track */,
+              AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_INITIALIZER ,
               sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
               nullptr /* buffer */, (size_t)0 /* bufferSize */, nullptr /* sharedBuffer */,
               AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getpid(), attributionSource, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
               TYPE_OUTPUT),
     mActive(false), mSourceThread(sourceThread)
 {
-
     if (mCblk != NULL) {
         mOutBuffer.frameCount = 0;
         playbackThread->addOutputTrack_l(this);
@@ -2464,7 +2479,8 @@
                                          *  as soon as possible to have
                                          *  the lowest possible latency
                                          *  even if it might glitch. */
-        float speed)
+        float speed,
+        float volume)
 {
     return sp<PatchTrack>::make(
             playbackThread,
@@ -2478,7 +2494,8 @@
             flags,
             timeout,
             frameCountToBeReady,
-            speed);
+            speed,
+            volume);
 }
 
 PatchTrack::PatchTrack(IAfPlaybackThread* playbackThread,
@@ -2492,13 +2509,15 @@
                                                      audio_output_flags_t flags,
                                                      const Timeout& timeout,
                                                      size_t frameCountToBeReady,
-                                                     float speed)
+                                                     float speed,
+                                                     float volume)
     :   Track(playbackThread, NULL, streamType,
-              audio_attributes_t{} /* currently unused for patch track */,
+              AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_INITIALIZER,
               sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
               buffer, bufferSize, nullptr /* sharedBuffer */,
               AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getpid(), audioServerAttributionSource(getpid()), flags,
-              TYPE_PATCH, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, frameCountToBeReady, speed),
+              TYPE_PATCH, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, frameCountToBeReady, speed,
+              false /*isSpatialized*/, false /*isBitPerfect*/, volume),
         PatchTrackBase(mCblk ? new AudioTrackClientProxy(mCblk, mBuffer, frameCount, mFrameSize,
                         true /*clientInServer*/) : nullptr,
                        playbackThread, timeout)
@@ -3482,7 +3501,8 @@
           bool isOut,
           const android::content::AttributionSourceState& attributionSource,
           pid_t creatorPid,
-          audio_port_handle_t portId)
+          audio_port_handle_t portId,
+          float volume)
 {
     return sp<MmapTrack>::make(
             thread,
@@ -3494,7 +3514,8 @@
             isOut,
             attributionSource,
             creatorPid,
-            portId);
+            portId,
+            volume);
 }
 
 MmapTrack::MmapTrack(IAfThreadBase* thread,
@@ -3506,7 +3527,8 @@
         bool isOut,
         const AttributionSourceState& attributionSource,
         pid_t creatorPid,
-        audio_port_handle_t portId)
+        audio_port_handle_t portId,
+        float volume)
     :   TrackBase(thread, NULL, attr, sampleRate, format,
                   channelMask, (size_t)0 /* frameCount */,
                   nullptr /* buffer */, (size_t)0 /* bufferSize */,
@@ -3517,10 +3539,15 @@
                   TYPE_DEFAULT, portId,
                   std::string(AMEDIAMETRICS_KEY_PREFIX_AUDIO_MMAP) + std::to_string(portId)),
         mPid(VALUE_OR_FATAL(aidl2legacy_int32_t_uid_t(attributionSource.pid))),
-            mSilenced(false), mSilencedNotified(false)
+            mSilenced(false), mSilencedNotified(false), mVolume(volume)
 {
     // Once this item is logged by the server, the client can add properties.
     mTrackMetrics.logConstructor(creatorPid, uid(), id());
+    if (isOut && (attr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT
+            || attr.usage == AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE)) {
+        // Audio patch and call assistant volume are always max
+        mVolume = 1.0f;
+    }
 }
 
 MmapTrack::~MmapTrack()
@@ -3599,8 +3626,8 @@
 
 void MmapTrack::appendDumpHeader(String8& result) const
 {
-    result.appendFormat("Client Session Port Id  Format Chn mask  SRate Flags %s\n",
-                        isOut() ? "Usg CT": "Source");
+    result.appendFormat("Client Session Port Id  Format Chn mask  SRate Flags %s  %s\n",
+                        isOut() ? "Usg CT": "Source", isOut() ? "PortVol dB" : "");
 }
 
 void MmapTrack::appendDump(String8& result, bool active __unused) const
@@ -3615,6 +3642,7 @@
             mAttr.flags);
     if (isOut()) {
         result.appendFormat("%3x %2x", mAttr.usage, mAttr.content_type);
+        result.appendFormat("%11.2g", 20.0 * log10(mVolume));
     } else {
         result.appendFormat("%6x", mAttr.source);
     }