diff --git a/camera/CameraMetadata.cpp b/camera/CameraMetadata.cpp
index c78fc5d..373b94e 100644
--- a/camera/CameraMetadata.cpp
+++ b/camera/CameraMetadata.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 
-#include <camera/CameraMetadata.h>
 #include <binder/Parcel.h>
+#include <camera/CameraMetadata.h>
+#include <camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -277,6 +278,18 @@
     return updateImpl(tag, (const void*)string.string(), string.size() + 1);
 }
 
+status_t CameraMetadata::update(const camera_metadata_ro_entry &entry) {
+    status_t res;
+    if (mLocked) {
+        ALOGE("%s: CameraMetadata is locked", __FUNCTION__);
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+    if ( (res = checkType(entry.tag, entry.type)) != OK) {
+        return res;
+    }
+    return updateImpl(entry.tag, (const void*)entry.data.u8, entry.count);
+}
+
 status_t CameraMetadata::updateImpl(uint32_t tag, const void *data,
         size_t data_count) {
     status_t res;
@@ -681,4 +694,99 @@
     mBuffer = otherBuf;
 }
 
+status_t CameraMetadata::getTagFromName(const char *name,
+        const VendorTagDescriptor* vTags, uint32_t *tag) {
+
+    if (name == nullptr || tag == nullptr) return BAD_VALUE;
+
+    size_t nameLength = strlen(name);
+
+    const SortedVector<String8> *vendorSections;
+    size_t vendorSectionCount = 0;
+
+    if (vTags != NULL) {
+        vendorSections = vTags->getAllSectionNames();
+        vendorSectionCount = vendorSections->size();
+    }
+
+    // First, find the section by the longest string match
+    const char *section = NULL;
+    size_t sectionIndex = 0;
+    size_t sectionLength = 0;
+    size_t totalSectionCount = ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT + vendorSectionCount;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < totalSectionCount; ++i) {
+
+        const char *str = (i < ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT) ? camera_metadata_section_names[i] :
+                (*vendorSections)[i - ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT].string();
+
+        ALOGV("%s: Trying to match against section '%s'", __FUNCTION__, str);
+
+        if (strstr(name, str) == name) { // name begins with the section name
+            size_t strLength = strlen(str);
+
+            ALOGV("%s: Name begins with section name", __FUNCTION__);
+
+            // section name is the longest we've found so far
+            if (section == NULL || sectionLength < strLength) {
+                section = str;
+                sectionIndex = i;
+                sectionLength = strLength;
+
+                ALOGV("%s: Found new best section (%s)", __FUNCTION__, section);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Make above get_camera_metadata_section_from_name ?
+
+    if (section == NULL) {
+        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    } else {
+        ALOGV("%s: Found matched section '%s' (%zu)",
+              __FUNCTION__, section, sectionIndex);
+    }
+
+    // Get the tag name component of the name
+    const char *nameTagName = name + sectionLength + 1; // x.y.z -> z
+    if (sectionLength + 1 >= nameLength) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    // Match rest of name against the tag names in that section only
+    uint32_t candidateTag = 0;
+    if (sectionIndex < ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT) {
+        // Match built-in tags (typically android.*)
+        uint32_t tagBegin, tagEnd; // [tagBegin, tagEnd)
+        tagBegin = camera_metadata_section_bounds[sectionIndex][0];
+        tagEnd = camera_metadata_section_bounds[sectionIndex][1];
+
+        for (candidateTag = tagBegin; candidateTag < tagEnd; ++candidateTag) {
+            const char *tagName = get_camera_metadata_tag_name(candidateTag);
+
+            if (strcmp(nameTagName, tagName) == 0) {
+                ALOGV("%s: Found matched tag '%s' (%d)",
+                      __FUNCTION__, tagName, candidateTag);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (candidateTag == tagEnd) {
+            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+    } else if (vTags != NULL) {
+        // Match vendor tags (typically com.*)
+        const String8 sectionName(section);
+        const String8 tagName(nameTagName);
+
+        status_t res = OK;
+        if ((res = vTags->lookupTag(tagName, sectionName, &candidateTag)) != OK) {
+            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *tag = candidateTag;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp b/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
index 5538da9..02ece14 100644
--- a/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-SortedVector<String8> VendorTagDescriptor::getAllSectionNames() const {
-    return mSections;
+const SortedVector<String8>* VendorTagDescriptor::getAllSectionNames() const {
+    return &mSections;
 }
 
 status_t VendorTagDescriptor::lookupTag(String8 name, String8 section, /*out*/uint32_t* tag) const {
diff --git a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceUser.aidl b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceUser.aidl
index 1e8744b..96ecfa0 100644
--- a/camera/aidl/android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceUser.aidl
+++ b/camera/aidl/android/hardware/camera2/ICameraDeviceUser.aidl
@@ -121,4 +121,6 @@
     void tearDown(int streamId);
 
     void prepare2(int maxCount, int streamId);
+
+    void setDeferredConfiguration(int streamId, in OutputConfiguration outputConfiguration);
 }
diff --git a/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.cpp b/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.cpp
index 3247d0d..38e1c01 100644
--- a/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.cpp
+++ b/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.cpp
@@ -42,9 +42,24 @@
     return mSurfaceSetID;
 }
 
+int OutputConfiguration::getSurfaceType() const {
+    return mSurfaceType;
+}
+
+int OutputConfiguration::getWidth() const {
+    return mWidth;
+}
+
+int OutputConfiguration::getHeight() const {
+    return mHeight;
+}
+
 OutputConfiguration::OutputConfiguration() :
         mRotation(INVALID_ROTATION),
-        mSurfaceSetID(INVALID_SET_ID) {
+        mSurfaceSetID(INVALID_SET_ID),
+        mSurfaceType(SURFACE_TYPE_UNKNOWN),
+        mWidth(0),
+        mHeight(0) {
 }
 
 OutputConfiguration::OutputConfiguration(const Parcel& parcel) :
@@ -70,18 +85,48 @@
         return err;
     }
 
+    int surfaceType = SURFACE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+    if ((err = parcel->readInt32(&surfaceType)) != OK) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Failed to read surface type from parcel", __FUNCTION__);
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    int width = 0;
+    if ((err = parcel->readInt32(&width)) != OK) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Failed to read surface width from parcel", __FUNCTION__);
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    int height = 0;
+    if ((err = parcel->readInt32(&height)) != OK) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Failed to read surface height from parcel", __FUNCTION__);
+        return err;
+    }
+
     view::Surface surfaceShim;
     if ((err = surfaceShim.readFromParcel(parcel)) != OK) {
-        ALOGE("%s: Failed to read surface from parcel", __FUNCTION__);
-        return err;
+        // Read surface failure for deferred surface configuration is expected.
+        if (surfaceType == SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_VIEW ||
+                surfaceType == SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_TEXTURE) {
+            ALOGV("%s: Get null surface from a deferred surface configuration (%dx%d)",
+                    __FUNCTION__, width, height);
+            err = OK;
+        } else {
+            ALOGE("%s: Failed to read surface from parcel", __FUNCTION__);
+            return err;
+        }
     }
 
     mGbp = surfaceShim.graphicBufferProducer;
     mRotation = rotation;
     mSurfaceSetID = setID;
+    mSurfaceType = surfaceType;
+    mWidth = width;
+    mHeight = height;
 
-    ALOGV("%s: OutputConfiguration: bp = %p, name = %s, rotation = %d, setId = %d", __FUNCTION__,
-            mGbp.get(), String8(surfaceShim.name).string(), mRotation, mSurfaceSetID);
+    ALOGV("%s: OutputConfiguration: bp = %p, name = %s, rotation = %d, setId = %d,"
+            "surfaceType = %d", __FUNCTION__, mGbp.get(), String8(surfaceShim.name).string(),
+            mRotation, mSurfaceSetID, mSurfaceType);
 
     return err;
 }
@@ -104,6 +149,15 @@
     err = parcel->writeInt32(mSurfaceSetID);
     if (err != OK) return err;
 
+    err = parcel->writeInt32(mSurfaceType);
+    if (err != OK) return err;
+
+    err = parcel->writeInt32(mWidth);
+    if (err != OK) return err;
+
+    err = parcel->writeInt32(mHeight);
+    if (err != OK) return err;
+
     view::Surface surfaceShim;
     surfaceShim.name = String16("unknown_name"); // name of surface
     surfaceShim.graphicBufferProducer = mGbp;
diff --git a/camera/cameraserver/cameraserver.rc b/camera/cameraserver/cameraserver.rc
index 16d9da8..fea5a1d 100644
--- a/camera/cameraserver/cameraserver.rc
+++ b/camera/cameraserver/cameraserver.rc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 service cameraserver /system/bin/cameraserver
     class main
     user cameraserver
-    group audio camera drmrpc inet media mediadrm net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct
+    group audio camera input drmrpc
     ioprio rt 4
-    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks
+    writepid /dev/cpuset/camera-daemon/tasks /dev/stune/top-app/tasks
diff --git a/include/camera/CameraMetadata.h b/include/camera/CameraMetadata.h
index 28f47a1..d284477 100644
--- a/include/camera/CameraMetadata.h
+++ b/include/camera/CameraMetadata.h
@@ -18,12 +18,15 @@
 #define ANDROID_CLIENT_CAMERA2_CAMERAMETADATA_CPP
 
 #include "system/camera_metadata.h"
+
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
 #include <binder/Parcelable.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
+class VendorTagDescriptor;
+
 /**
  * A convenience wrapper around the C-based camera_metadata_t library.
  */
@@ -137,6 +140,8 @@
             const camera_metadata_rational_t *data, size_t data_count);
     status_t update(uint32_t tag,
             const String8 &string);
+    status_t update(const camera_metadata_ro_entry &entry);
+
 
     template<typename T>
     status_t update(uint32_t tag, Vector<T> data) {
@@ -206,6 +211,15 @@
     static status_t writeToParcel(Parcel &parcel,
                                   const camera_metadata_t* metadata);
 
+    /**
+     * Find tag id for a given tag name, also checking vendor tags if available.
+     * On success, returns OK and writes the tag id into tag.
+     *
+     * This is a slow method.
+     */
+    static status_t getTagFromName(const char *name,
+            const VendorTagDescriptor* vTags, uint32_t *tag);
+
   private:
     camera_metadata_t *mBuffer;
     mutable bool       mLocked;
diff --git a/include/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h b/include/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h
index 4c1cab6..60e2d2d 100644
--- a/include/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h
+++ b/include/camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h
@@ -81,8 +81,10 @@
         /**
          * Convenience method to get a vector containing all vendor tag
          * sections, or an empty vector if none are defined.
+         * The pointer is valid for the lifetime of the VendorTagDescriptor,
+         * or until readParcel or copyFrom is invoked.
          */
-        SortedVector<String8> getAllSectionNames() const;
+        const SortedVector<String8>* getAllSectionNames() const;
 
         /**
          * Lookup the tag id for a given tag name and section.
diff --git a/include/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.h b/include/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.h
index 72a3753..cf8f3c6 100644
--- a/include/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.h
+++ b/include/camera/camera2/OutputConfiguration.h
@@ -33,10 +33,17 @@
 
     static const int INVALID_ROTATION;
     static const int INVALID_SET_ID;
+    enum SurfaceType{
+        SURFACE_TYPE_UNKNOWN = -1,
+        SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_VIEW = 0,
+        SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_TEXTURE = 1
+    };
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> getGraphicBufferProducer() const;
     int                        getRotation() const;
     int                        getSurfaceSetID() const;
-
+    int                        getSurfaceType() const;
+    int                        getWidth() const;
+    int                        getHeight() const;
     /**
      * Keep impl up-to-date with OutputConfiguration.java in frameworks/base
      */
@@ -60,7 +67,10 @@
     bool operator == (const OutputConfiguration& other) const {
         return (mGbp == other.mGbp &&
                 mRotation == other.mRotation &&
-                mSurfaceSetID == other.mSurfaceSetID);
+                mSurfaceSetID == other.mSurfaceSetID &&
+                mSurfaceType == other.mSurfaceType &&
+                mWidth == other.mWidth &&
+                mHeight == other.mHeight);
     }
     bool operator != (const OutputConfiguration& other) const {
         return !(*this == other);
@@ -71,6 +81,16 @@
         if (mSurfaceSetID != other.mSurfaceSetID) {
             return mSurfaceSetID < other.mSurfaceSetID;
         }
+        if (mSurfaceType != other.mSurfaceType) {
+            return mSurfaceType < other.mSurfaceType;
+        }
+        if (mWidth != other.mWidth) {
+            return mWidth < other.mWidth;
+        }
+        if (mHeight != other.mHeight) {
+            return mHeight < other.mHeight;
+        }
+
         return mRotation < other.mRotation;
     }
     bool operator > (const OutputConfiguration& other) const {
@@ -81,6 +101,9 @@
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> mGbp;
     int                        mRotation;
     int                        mSurfaceSetID;
+    int                        mSurfaceType;
+    int                        mWidth;
+    int                        mHeight;
     // helper function
     static String16 readMaybeEmptyString16(const Parcel* parcel);
 };
diff --git a/include/media/AudioRecord.h b/include/media/AudioRecord.h
index 2fa1a4e..63076e9 100644
--- a/include/media/AudioRecord.h
+++ b/include/media/AudioRecord.h
@@ -491,6 +491,9 @@
      */
             uint32_t    getInputFramesLost() const;
 
+    /* Get the flags */
+            audio_input_flags_t getFlags() const { AutoMutex _l(mLock); return mFlags; }
+
 private:
     /* copying audio record objects is not allowed */
                         AudioRecord(const AudioRecord& other);
diff --git a/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h b/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
index 984bc02..096f7ef 100644
--- a/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
+++ b/include/media/IAudioFlinger.h
@@ -44,16 +44,6 @@
 public:
     DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(AudioFlinger);
 
-    // or-able bits shared by createTrack and openRecord, but not all combinations make sense
-    enum {
-        TRACK_DEFAULT = 0,  // client requests a default AudioTrack
-        // FIXME: obsolete
-        // TRACK_TIMED= 1,  // client requests a TimedAudioTrack
-        TRACK_FAST    = 2,  // client requests a fast AudioTrack or AudioRecord
-        TRACK_OFFLOAD = 4,  // client requests offload to hw codec
-        TRACK_DIRECT = 8,   // client requests a direct output
-    };
-    typedef uint32_t track_flags_t;
 
     // invariant on exit for all APIs that return an sp<>:
     //   (return value != 0) == (*status == NO_ERROR)
@@ -67,7 +57,7 @@
                                 audio_format_t format,
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_output_flags_t *flags,
                                 const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
                                 // On successful return, AudioFlinger takes over the handle
                                 // reference and will release it when the track is destroyed.
@@ -89,7 +79,7 @@
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 const String16& callingPackage,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_input_flags_t *flags,
                                 pid_t pid,
                                 pid_t tid,  // -1 means unused, otherwise must be valid non-0
                                 int clientUid,
diff --git a/include/media/IMediaSource.h b/include/media/IMediaSource.h
index 709f425..2ff42ec 100644
--- a/include/media/IMediaSource.h
+++ b/include/media/IMediaSource.h
@@ -18,14 +18,17 @@
 
 #define IMEDIA_SOURCE_BASE_H_
 
+#include <map>
+
 #include <binder/IInterface.h>
+#include <binder/IMemory.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/MediaErrors.h>
 
 namespace android {
 
 struct MediaSource;
 class MetaData;
-class MediaBuffer;
 class MediaBufferGroup;
 
 class IMediaSource : public IInterface {
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@
     // a) not request a seek
     // b) not be late, i.e. lateness_us = 0
     struct ReadOptions {
-        enum SeekMode {
+        enum SeekMode : int32_t {
             SEEK_PREVIOUS_SYNC,
             SEEK_NEXT_SYNC,
             SEEK_CLOSEST_SYNC,
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@
         void clearSeekTo();
         bool getSeekTo(int64_t *time_us, SeekMode *mode) const;
 
+        // TODO: remove this if unused.
         void setLateBy(int64_t lateness_us);
         int64_t getLateBy() const;
 
@@ -79,6 +83,11 @@
         void clearNonBlocking();
         bool getNonBlocking() const;
 
+        // Used to clear all non-persistent options for multiple buffer reads.
+        void clearNonPersistent() {
+            clearSeekTo();
+        }
+
     private:
         enum Options {
             kSeekTo_Option      = 1,
@@ -98,21 +107,33 @@
     // A result of INFO_FORMAT_CHANGED indicates that the format of this
     // MediaSource has changed mid-stream, the client can continue reading
     // but should be prepared for buffers of the new configuration.
+    //
+    // TODO: consider removing read() in favor of readMultiple().
     virtual status_t read(
             MediaBuffer **buffer, const ReadOptions *options = NULL) = 0;
 
-    // Returns a vector of new buffers of data. The vector size could be
-    // <= |maxNumBuffers|. Used for buffers with small size
-    // since all buffer data are passed back by binder, not shared memory.
+    // Returns a vector of new buffers of data, where the new buffers are added
+    // to the end of the vector.
     // Call blocks until an error is encountered, or the end of the stream is
     // reached, or format change is hit, or |kMaxNumReadMultiple| buffers have
     // been read.
-    // End of stream is signalled by a result of ERROR_END_OF_STREAM.
+    // End of stream is signaled by a result of ERROR_END_OF_STREAM.
     // A result of INFO_FORMAT_CHANGED indicates that the format of this
     // MediaSource has changed mid-stream, the client can continue reading
     // but should be prepared for buffers of the new configuration.
+    //
+    // ReadOptions may be specified. Persistent options apply to all reads;
+    // non-persistent options (e.g. seek) apply only to the first read.
     virtual status_t readMultiple(
-            Vector<MediaBuffer *> *buffers, uint32_t maxNumBuffers = 1) = 0;
+            Vector<MediaBuffer *> *buffers, uint32_t maxNumBuffers = 1,
+            const ReadOptions *options = nullptr) = 0;
+
+    // Returns true if |readMultiple| is supported, otherwise false.
+    virtual bool supportReadMultiple() = 0;
+
+    // Returns true if |read| supports nonblocking option, otherwise false.
+    // |readMultiple| if supported, always allows the nonblocking option.
+    virtual bool supportNonblockingRead() = 0;
 
     // Causes this source to suspend pulling data from its upstream source
     // until a subsequent read-with-seek. Currently only supported by
@@ -144,17 +165,102 @@
         return ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
     }
 
+    // TODO: Implement this for local media sources.
     virtual status_t readMultiple(
-            Vector<MediaBuffer *> * /* buffers */, uint32_t /* maxNumBuffers = 1 */) {
+            Vector<MediaBuffer *> * /* buffers */, uint32_t /* maxNumBuffers = 1 */,
+            const ReadOptions * /* options = nullptr */) {
         return ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
     }
+
+    virtual bool supportReadMultiple() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Override in source if nonblocking reads are supported.
+    virtual bool supportNonblockingRead() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static const size_t kBinderMediaBuffers = 4; // buffers managed by BnMediaSource
+    static const size_t kTransferSharedAsSharedThreshold = 4 * 1024;  // if >= shared, else inline
+    static const size_t kTransferInlineAsSharedThreshold = 64 * 1024; // if >= shared, else inline
+    static const size_t kInlineMaxTransfer = 256 * 1024; // Binder size limited to BINDER_VM_SIZE.
+
 protected:
     virtual ~BnMediaSource();
 
 private:
-    MediaBufferGroup *mGroup;
-};
+    uint32_t mBuffersSinceStop; // Buffer tracking variable
 
+    std::unique_ptr<MediaBufferGroup> mGroup;
+
+    // To prevent marshalling IMemory with each read transaction, we cache the IMemory pointer
+    // into a map.
+    //
+    // This is converted into an index, which is used to identify the associated memory
+    // on the receiving side.  We hold a reference to the IMemory here to ensure it doesn't
+    // change underneath us.
+
+    struct IndexCache {
+        IndexCache() : mIndex(0) { }
+
+        // Returns the index of the IMemory stored in cache or 0 if not found.
+        uint64_t lookup(const sp<IMemory> &mem) {
+            auto p = mMemoryToIndex.find(mem.get());
+            if (p == mMemoryToIndex.end()) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if (MediaBuffer::isDeadObject(p->second.first)) {
+                // this object's dead
+                ALOGW("Attempting to lookup a dead IMemory");
+                (void)mMemoryToIndex.erase(p);
+                return 0;
+            }
+            ALOGW_IF(p->second.first.get() != mem.get(), "Mismatched buffers without reset");
+            return p->second.second;
+        }
+
+        // Returns the index of the IMemory stored in the index cache.
+        uint64_t insert(const sp<IMemory> &mem) {
+            auto p = mMemoryToIndex.find(mem.get());
+            if (p == mMemoryToIndex.end()) {
+                if (mIndex == UINT64_MAX) {
+                    ALOGE("Index overflow");
+                    mIndex = 1; // skip overflow condition and hope for the best
+                } else {
+                    ++mIndex;
+                }
+                (void)mMemoryToIndex.emplace(// C++11 mem.get(), std::make_pair(mem, mIndex))
+                        std::piecewise_construct,
+                        std::forward_as_tuple(mem.get()), std::forward_as_tuple(mem, mIndex));
+                return mIndex;
+            }
+            ALOGW("IMemory already inserted into cache");
+            return p->second.second;
+        }
+
+        void reset() {
+            mMemoryToIndex.clear();
+            mIndex = 0;
+        }
+
+        void gc() {
+            for (auto it = mMemoryToIndex.begin(); it != mMemoryToIndex.end(); ) {
+                if (MediaBuffer::isDeadObject(it->second.first)) {
+                    it = mMemoryToIndex.erase(it);
+                } else {
+                    ++it;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    private:
+        uint64_t mIndex;
+        // C++14 unordered_map erase on iterator is stable; C++11 has no guarantee.
+        // Could key on uintptr_t instead of IMemory *
+        std::map<IMemory *, std::pair<sp<IMemory>, uint64_t>> mMemoryToIndex;
+    } mIndexCache;
+};
 
 }  // namespace android
 
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/ACodec.h b/include/media/stagefright/ACodec.h
index 4f2517c..25f7173 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/ACodec.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/ACodec.h
@@ -371,6 +371,10 @@
             int32_t width, int32_t height,
             OMX_VIDEO_CODINGTYPE compressionFormat, float frameRate = -1.0);
 
+    // sets |portIndex| port buffer numbers to be |bufferNum|. NOTE: Component could reject
+    // this setting if the |bufferNum| is less than the minimum buffer num of the port.
+    status_t setPortBufferNum(OMX_U32 portIndex, int bufferNum);
+
     // gets index or sets it to 0 on error. Returns error from codec.
     status_t initDescribeColorAspectsIndex();
 
@@ -480,13 +484,19 @@
     status_t getIntraRefreshPeriod(uint32_t *intraRefreshPeriod);
     status_t setIntraRefreshPeriod(uint32_t intraRefreshPeriod, bool inConfigure);
 
+    // Configures temporal layering based on |msg|. |inConfigure| shall be true iff this is called
+    // during configure() call. on success the configured layering is set in |outputFormat|. If
+    // |outputFormat| is mOutputFormat, it is copied to trigger an output format changed event.
+    status_t configureTemporalLayers(
+            const sp<AMessage> &msg, bool inConfigure, sp<AMessage> &outputFormat);
+
     status_t setMinBufferSize(OMX_U32 portIndex, size_t size);
 
     status_t setupMPEG4EncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
     status_t setupH263EncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
     status_t setupAVCEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
     status_t setupHEVCEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
-    status_t setupVPXEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg);
+    status_t setupVPXEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg, sp<AMessage> &outputFormat);
 
     status_t verifySupportForProfileAndLevel(int32_t profile, int32_t level);
 
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/ColorConverter.h b/include/media/stagefright/ColorConverter.h
index 85ba920..270c809 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/ColorConverter.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/ColorConverter.h
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@
     status_t convertYUV420Planar(
             const BitmapParams &src, const BitmapParams &dst);
 
+    status_t convertYUV420PlanarUseLibYUV(
+            const BitmapParams &src, const BitmapParams &dst);
+
     status_t convertQCOMYUV420SemiPlanar(
             const BitmapParams &src, const BitmapParams &dst);
 
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h b/include/media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h
index a6901a8..8f0eaa7 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
 
     status_t setGeoData(int latitudex10000, int longitudex10000);
     status_t setCaptureRate(float captureFps);
+    status_t setTemporalLayerCount(uint32_t layerCount);
     virtual void setStartTimeOffsetMs(int ms) { mStartTimeOffsetMs = ms; }
     virtual int32_t getStartTimeOffsetMs() const { return mStartTimeOffsetMs; }
 
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@
     // Acquire lock before calling these methods
     off64_t addSample_l(MediaBuffer *buffer);
     off64_t addLengthPrefixedSample_l(MediaBuffer *buffer);
+    off64_t addMultipleLengthPrefixedSamples_l(MediaBuffer *buffer);
 
     bool exceedsFileSizeLimit();
     bool use32BitFileOffset() const;
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h b/include/media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h
index 18b80e3..55b1f58 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 #define MEDIA_BUFFER_H_
 
+#include <atomic>
+#include <list>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/MediaBufferBase.h>
 
 #include <pthread.h>
@@ -60,6 +62,12 @@
 
     MediaBuffer(const sp<ABuffer> &buffer);
 
+    MediaBuffer(const sp<IMemory> &mem) :
+        MediaBuffer((uint8_t *)mem->pointer() + sizeof(SharedControl), mem->size()) {
+        // delegate and override mMemory
+        mMemory = mem;
+    }
+
     // Decrements the reference count and returns the buffer to its
     // associated MediaBufferGroup if the reference count drops to 0.
     virtual void release();
@@ -91,9 +99,44 @@
 
     int refcount() const;
 
+    bool isDeadObject() const {
+        return isDeadObject(mMemory);
+    }
+
+    static bool isDeadObject(const sp<IMemory> &memory) {
+        if (memory.get() == nullptr || memory->pointer() == nullptr) return false;
+        return reinterpret_cast<SharedControl *>(memory->pointer())->isDeadObject();
+    }
+
 protected:
+    // MediaBuffer remote releases are handled through a
+    // pending release count variable stored in a SharedControl block
+    // at the start of the IMemory.
+
+    // Returns old value of pending release count.
+    inline int32_t addPendingRelease(int32_t value) {
+        return getSharedControl()->addPendingRelease(value);
+    }
+
+    // Issues all pending releases (works in parallel).
+    // Assumes there is a MediaBufferObserver.
+    inline void resolvePendingRelease() {
+        if (mMemory.get() == nullptr) return;
+        while (addPendingRelease(-1) > 0) {
+            release();
+        }
+        addPendingRelease(1);
+    }
+
+    // true if MediaBuffer is observed (part of a MediaBufferGroup).
+    inline bool isObserved() const {
+        return mObserver != nullptr;
+    }
+
     virtual ~MediaBuffer();
 
+    sp<IMemory> mMemory;
+
 private:
     friend class MediaBufferGroup;
     friend class OMXDecoder;
@@ -105,7 +148,6 @@
     void claim();
 
     MediaBufferObserver *mObserver;
-    MediaBuffer *mNextBuffer;
     int mRefCount;
 
     void *mData;
@@ -119,12 +161,57 @@
 
     MediaBuffer *mOriginal;
 
-    void setNextBuffer(MediaBuffer *buffer);
-    MediaBuffer *nextBuffer();
-
     MediaBuffer(const MediaBuffer &);
     MediaBuffer &operator=(const MediaBuffer &);
-    sp<IMemory> mMemory;
+
+    // SharedControl block at the start of IMemory.
+    struct SharedControl {
+        enum {
+            FLAG_DEAD_OBJECT = (1 << 0),
+        };
+
+        // returns old value
+        inline int32_t addPendingRelease(int32_t value) {
+            return std::atomic_fetch_add_explicit(
+                    &mPendingRelease, (int_least32_t)value, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+
+        inline int32_t getPendingRelease() const {
+            return std::atomic_load_explicit(&mPendingRelease, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+
+        inline void setPendingRelease(int32_t value) {
+            std::atomic_store_explicit(
+                    &mPendingRelease, (int_least32_t)value, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+
+        inline bool isDeadObject() const {
+            return (std::atomic_load_explicit(
+                    &mFlags, std::memory_order_seq_cst) & FLAG_DEAD_OBJECT) != 0;
+        }
+
+        inline void setDeadObject() {
+            (void)std::atomic_fetch_or_explicit(
+                    &mFlags, (int_least32_t)FLAG_DEAD_OBJECT, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+
+        inline void clear() {
+            std::atomic_store_explicit(
+                    &mFlags, (int_least32_t)0, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+            std::atomic_store_explicit(
+                    &mPendingRelease, (int_least32_t)0, std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        // Caution: atomic_int_fast32_t is 64 bits on LP64.
+        std::atomic_int_least32_t mFlags;
+        std::atomic_int_least32_t mPendingRelease;
+        int32_t unused[6]; // additional buffer space
+    };
+
+    inline SharedControl *getSharedControl() const {
+         return reinterpret_cast<SharedControl *>(mMemory->pointer());
+     }
 };
 
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/MediaBufferGroup.h b/include/media/stagefright/MediaBufferGroup.h
index 7ca3fa1..dfa31b2 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/MediaBufferGroup.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/MediaBufferGroup.h
@@ -29,11 +29,17 @@
 
 class MediaBufferGroup : public MediaBufferObserver {
 public:
-    MediaBufferGroup();
+    MediaBufferGroup(size_t growthLimit = 0);
+
+    // create a media buffer group with preallocated buffers
+    MediaBufferGroup(size_t buffers, size_t buffer_size, size_t growthLimit = 0);
+
     ~MediaBufferGroup();
 
     void add_buffer(MediaBuffer *buffer);
 
+    bool has_buffers();
+
     // If nonBlocking is false, it blocks until a buffer is available and
     // passes it to the caller in *buffer, while returning OK.
     // The returned buffer will have a reference count of 1.
@@ -45,6 +51,11 @@
     status_t acquire_buffer(
             MediaBuffer **buffer, bool nonBlocking = false, size_t requestedSize = 0);
 
+    size_t buffers() const { return mBuffers.size(); }
+
+    // freeBuffers is the number of free buffers allowed to remain.
+    void gc(size_t freeBuffers = 0);
+
 protected:
     virtual void signalBufferReturned(MediaBuffer *buffer);
 
@@ -53,8 +64,8 @@
 
     Mutex mLock;
     Condition mCondition;
-
-    MediaBuffer *mFirstBuffer, *mLastBuffer;
+    size_t mGrowthLimit;  // Do not automatically grow group larger than this.
+    std::list<MediaBuffer *> mBuffers;
 
     MediaBufferGroup(const MediaBufferGroup &);
     MediaBufferGroup &operator=(const MediaBufferGroup &);
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/MetaData.h b/include/media/stagefright/MetaData.h
index be7e5c1..6ba7b32 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/MetaData.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/MetaData.h
@@ -204,6 +204,8 @@
                                    // transfer Function, value defined by ColorAspects.Transfer.
     kKeyColorMatrix      = 'cMtx', // int32_t,
                                    // color Matrix, value defined by ColorAspects.MatrixCoeffs.
+    kKeyTemporalLayerId  = 'iLyr', // int32_t, temporal layer-id. 0-based (0 => base layer)
+    kKeyTemporalLayerCount = 'cLyr', // int32_t, number of temporal layers encoded
 };
 
 enum {
diff --git a/include/media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h b/include/media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h
index 87c32a6..4b2b868 100644
--- a/include/media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h
+++ b/include/media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@
     bool findBuffer(const char *name, sp<ABuffer> *buffer) const;
     bool findMessage(const char *name, sp<AMessage> *obj) const;
 
+    // finds any numeric type cast to a float
+    bool findAsFloat(const char *name, float *value) const;
+
     bool findRect(
             const char *name,
             int32_t *left, int32_t *top, int32_t *right, int32_t *bottom) const;
diff --git a/media/audioserver/audioserver.rc b/media/audioserver/audioserver.rc
index 2409157..80f78b6 100644
--- a/media/audioserver/audioserver.rc
+++ b/media/audioserver/audioserver.rc
@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
     # media gid needed for /dev/fm (radio) and for /data/misc/media (tee)
     group audio camera drmrpc inet media mediadrm net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct
     ioprio rt 4
-    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks
+    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks /dev/stune/foreground/tasks
diff --git a/media/common_time/Android.mk b/media/common_time/Android.mk
index 632acbc..aaa0db2 100644
--- a/media/common_time/Android.mk
+++ b/media/common_time/Android.mk
@@ -19,4 +19,6 @@
                           libutils \
                           liblog
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
diff --git a/media/common_time/cc_helper.cpp b/media/common_time/cc_helper.cpp
index 8d8556c..222b7ce 100644
--- a/media/common_time/cc_helper.cpp
+++ b/media/common_time/cc_helper.cpp
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void CCHelper::CommonClockListener::onTimelineChanged(uint64_t timelineID) {
+void CCHelper::CommonClockListener::onTimelineChanged(uint64_t timelineID __unused) {
     // do nothing; listener is only really used as a token so the server can
     // find out when clients die.
 }
diff --git a/media/libmedia/AudioRecord.cpp b/media/libmedia/AudioRecord.cpp
index d9bb856..9a87023 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/AudioRecord.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/AudioRecord.cpp
@@ -593,11 +593,10 @@
     size_t notificationFrames = mNotificationFramesReq;
     size_t frameCount = mReqFrameCount;
 
-    IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t trackFlags = IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DEFAULT;
+    audio_input_flags_t flags = mFlags;
 
     pid_t tid = -1;
     if (mFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
-        trackFlags |= IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST;
         if (mAudioRecordThread != 0) {
             tid = mAudioRecordThread->getTid();
         }
@@ -615,7 +614,7 @@
                                                        mChannelMask,
                                                        opPackageName,
                                                        &temp,
-                                                       &trackFlags,
+                                                       &flags,
                                                        mClientPid,
                                                        tid,
                                                        mClientUid,
@@ -638,7 +637,7 @@
 
     mAwaitBoost = false;
     if (mFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
-        if (trackFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+        if (flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
             ALOGI("AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST successful; frameCount %zu", frameCount);
             mAwaitBoost = true;
         } else {
@@ -648,6 +647,7 @@
             continue;   // retry
         }
     }
+    mFlags = flags;
 
     if (iMem == 0) {
         ALOGE("Could not get control block");
diff --git a/media/libmedia/AudioTrack.cpp b/media/libmedia/AudioTrack.cpp
index e8da341..fad8350 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/AudioTrack.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/AudioTrack.cpp
@@ -1372,24 +1372,15 @@
         }
     }
 
-    IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t trackFlags = IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DEFAULT;
+    audio_output_flags_t flags = mFlags;
 
     pid_t tid = -1;
     if (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
-        trackFlags |= IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST;
         if (mAudioTrackThread != 0 && !mThreadCanCallJava) {
             tid = mAudioTrackThread->getTid();
         }
     }
 
-    if (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD) {
-        trackFlags |= IAudioFlinger::TRACK_OFFLOAD;
-    }
-
-    if (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) {
-        trackFlags |= IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DIRECT;
-    }
-
     size_t temp = frameCount;   // temp may be replaced by a revised value of frameCount,
                                 // but we will still need the original value also
     audio_session_t originalSessionId = mSessionId;
@@ -1398,7 +1389,7 @@
                                                       mFormat,
                                                       mChannelMask,
                                                       &temp,
-                                                      &trackFlags,
+                                                      &flags,
                                                       mSharedBuffer,
                                                       output,
                                                       mClientPid,
@@ -1451,23 +1442,23 @@
 
     mAwaitBoost = false;
     if (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
-        if (trackFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+        if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
             ALOGV("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST successful; frameCount %zu", frameCount);
             if (!mThreadCanCallJava) {
                 mAwaitBoost = true;
             }
         } else {
             ALOGW("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST denied by server; frameCount %zu", frameCount);
-            mFlags = (audio_output_flags_t) (mFlags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST);
         }
     }
+    mFlags = flags;
 
     // Make sure that application is notified with sufficient margin before underrun.
     // The client can divide the AudioTrack buffer into sub-buffers,
     // and expresses its desire to server as the notification frame count.
     if (mSharedBuffer == 0 && audio_is_linear_pcm(mFormat)) {
         size_t maxNotificationFrames;
-        if (trackFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+        if (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
             // notify every HAL buffer, regardless of the size of the track buffer
             maxNotificationFrames = afFrameCountHAL;
         } else {
diff --git a/media/libmedia/IAudioFlinger.cpp b/media/libmedia/IAudioFlinger.cpp
index 92e65e4..900d418 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/IAudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/IAudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
                                 audio_format_t format,
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_output_flags_t *flags,
                                 const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
                                 audio_io_handle_t output,
                                 pid_t pid,
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
         data.writeInt32(channelMask);
         size_t frameCount = pFrameCount != NULL ? *pFrameCount : 0;
         data.writeInt64(frameCount);
-        track_flags_t lFlags = flags != NULL ? *flags : (track_flags_t) TRACK_DEFAULT;
+        audio_output_flags_t lFlags = flags != NULL ? *flags : AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE;
         data.writeInt32(lFlags);
         // haveSharedBuffer
         if (sharedBuffer != 0) {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
             if (pFrameCount != NULL) {
                 *pFrameCount = frameCount;
             }
-            lFlags = reply.readInt32();
+            lFlags = (audio_output_flags_t)reply.readInt32();
             if (flags != NULL) {
                 *flags = lFlags;
             }
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 const String16& opPackageName,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_input_flags_t *flags,
                                 pid_t pid,
                                 pid_t tid,
                                 int clientUid,
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
         data.writeString16(opPackageName);
         size_t frameCount = pFrameCount != NULL ? *pFrameCount : 0;
         data.writeInt64(frameCount);
-        track_flags_t lFlags = flags != NULL ? *flags : (track_flags_t) TRACK_DEFAULT;
+        audio_input_flags_t lFlags = flags != NULL ? *flags : AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE;
         data.writeInt32(lFlags);
         data.writeInt32((int32_t) pid);
         data.writeInt32((int32_t) tid);
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
             if (pFrameCount != NULL) {
                 *pFrameCount = frameCount;
             }
-            lFlags = reply.readInt32();
+            lFlags = (audio_input_flags_t)reply.readInt32();
             if (flags != NULL) {
                 *flags = lFlags;
             }
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@
             audio_format_t format = (audio_format_t) data.readInt32();
             audio_channel_mask_t channelMask = data.readInt32();
             size_t frameCount = data.readInt64();
-            track_flags_t flags = (track_flags_t) data.readInt32();
+            audio_output_flags_t flags = (audio_output_flags_t) data.readInt32();
             bool haveSharedBuffer = data.readInt32() != 0;
             sp<IMemory> buffer;
             if (haveSharedBuffer) {
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@
             audio_channel_mask_t channelMask = data.readInt32();
             const String16& opPackageName = data.readString16();
             size_t frameCount = data.readInt64();
-            track_flags_t flags = (track_flags_t) data.readInt32();
+            audio_input_flags_t flags = (audio_input_flags_t) data.readInt32();
             pid_t pid = (pid_t) data.readInt32();
             pid_t tid = (pid_t) data.readInt32();
             int clientUid = data.readInt32();
diff --git a/media/libmedia/IMediaSource.cpp b/media/libmedia/IMediaSource.cpp
index 7e40e4f..dd94ccf 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/IMediaSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/IMediaSource.cpp
@@ -36,79 +36,39 @@
     STOP,
     PAUSE,
     GETFORMAT,
-    READ,
+    // READ, deprecated
     READMULTIPLE,
-    RELEASE_BUFFER
+    RELEASE_BUFFER,
+    SUPPORT_NONBLOCKING_READ,
 };
 
 enum {
     NULL_BUFFER,
     SHARED_BUFFER,
-    INLINE_BUFFER
+    INLINE_BUFFER,
+    SHARED_BUFFER_INDEX,
 };
 
-class RemoteMediaBufferReleaser : public BBinder {
-public:
-    RemoteMediaBufferReleaser(MediaBuffer *buf, sp<BnMediaSource> owner) {
-        mBuf = buf;
-        mOwner = owner;
-    }
-    ~RemoteMediaBufferReleaser() {
-        if (mBuf) {
-            ALOGW("RemoteMediaBufferReleaser dtor called while still holding buffer");
-            mBuf->release();
-        }
-    }
-    virtual status_t    onTransact( uint32_t code,
-                                    const Parcel& data,
-                                    Parcel* reply,
-                                    uint32_t flags = 0) {
-        if (code == RELEASE_BUFFER) {
-            mBuf->release();
-            mBuf = NULL;
-            return OK;
-        } else {
-            return BBinder::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
-        }
-    }
-private:
-    MediaBuffer *mBuf;
-    // Keep a ref to ensure MediaBuffer is released before the owner, i.e., BnMediaSource,
-    // because BnMediaSource needs to delete MediaBufferGroup in its dtor and
-    // MediaBufferGroup dtor requires all MediaBuffer's have 0 ref count.
-    sp<BnMediaSource> mOwner;
-};
-
-
 class RemoteMediaBufferWrapper : public MediaBuffer {
 public:
-    RemoteMediaBufferWrapper(sp<IMemory> mem, sp<IBinder> source);
+    RemoteMediaBufferWrapper(const sp<IMemory> &mem)
+        : MediaBuffer(mem) {
+        ALOGV("RemoteMediaBufferWrapper: creating %p", this);
+    }
+
 protected:
-    virtual ~RemoteMediaBufferWrapper();
-private:
-    sp<IMemory> mMemory;
-    sp<IBinder> mRemoteSource;
+    virtual ~RemoteMediaBufferWrapper() {
+        // Indicate to MediaBufferGroup to release.
+        int32_t old = addPendingRelease(1);
+        ALOGV("RemoteMediaBufferWrapper: releasing %p, old %d", this, old);
+        mMemory.clear(); // don't set the dead object flag.
+    }
 };
 
-RemoteMediaBufferWrapper::RemoteMediaBufferWrapper(sp<IMemory> mem, sp<IBinder> source)
-: MediaBuffer(mem->pointer(), mem->size()) {
-    mMemory = mem;
-    mRemoteSource = source;
-}
-
-RemoteMediaBufferWrapper::~RemoteMediaBufferWrapper() {
-    mMemory.clear();
-    // Explicitly ask the remote side to release the buffer. We could also just clear
-    // mRemoteSource, but that doesn't immediately release the reference on the remote side.
-    Parcel data, reply;
-    mRemoteSource->transact(RELEASE_BUFFER, data, &reply);
-    mRemoteSource.clear();
-}
-
 class BpMediaSource : public BpInterface<IMediaSource> {
 public:
     BpMediaSource(const sp<IBinder>& impl)
-        : BpInterface<IMediaSource>(impl)
+        : BpInterface<IMediaSource>(impl), mBuffersSinceStop(0)
     {
     }
 
@@ -135,7 +95,10 @@
         ALOGV("stop");
         Parcel data, reply;
         data.writeInterfaceToken(BpMediaSource::getInterfaceDescriptor());
-        return remote()->transact(STOP, data, &reply);
+        status_t status = remote()->transact(STOP, data, &reply);
+        mMemoryCache.reset();
+        mBuffersSinceStop = 0;
+        return status;
     }
 
     virtual sp<MetaData> getFormat() {
@@ -151,46 +114,16 @@
     }
 
     virtual status_t read(MediaBuffer **buffer, const ReadOptions *options) {
-        ALOGV("read");
-        Parcel data, reply;
-        data.writeInterfaceToken(BpMediaSource::getInterfaceDescriptor());
-        if (options) {
-            data.writeByteArray(sizeof(*options), (uint8_t*) options);
-        }
-        status_t ret = remote()->transact(READ, data, &reply);
-        if (ret != NO_ERROR) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-        // wrap the returned data in a MediaBuffer
-        ret = reply.readInt32();
-        int32_t buftype = reply.readInt32();
-        if (buftype == SHARED_BUFFER) {
-            sp<IBinder> remote = reply.readStrongBinder();
-            sp<IBinder> binder = reply.readStrongBinder();
-            sp<IMemory> mem = interface_cast<IMemory>(binder);
-            if (mem == NULL) {
-                ALOGE("received NULL IMemory for shared buffer");
-            }
-            size_t offset = reply.readInt32();
-            size_t length = reply.readInt32();
-            MediaBuffer *buf = new RemoteMediaBufferWrapper(mem, remote);
-            buf->set_range(offset, length);
-            buf->meta_data()->updateFromParcel(reply);
-            *buffer = buf;
-        } else if (buftype == NULL_BUFFER) {
-            ALOGV("got status %d and NULL buffer", ret);
-            *buffer = NULL;
-        } else {
-            int32_t len = reply.readInt32();
-            ALOGV("got status %d and len %d", ret, len);
-            *buffer = new MediaBuffer(len);
-            reply.read((*buffer)->data(), len);
-            (*buffer)->meta_data()->updateFromParcel(reply);
-        }
+        Vector<MediaBuffer *> buffers;
+        status_t ret = readMultiple(&buffers, 1 /* maxNumBuffers */, options);
+        *buffer = buffers.size() == 0 ? nullptr : buffers[0];
+        ALOGV("read status %d, bufferCount %u, sinceStop %u",
+                ret, *buffer != nullptr, mBuffersSinceStop);
         return ret;
     }
 
-    virtual status_t readMultiple(Vector<MediaBuffer *> *buffers, uint32_t maxNumBuffers) {
+    virtual status_t readMultiple(
+            Vector<MediaBuffer *> *buffers, uint32_t maxNumBuffers, const ReadOptions *options) {
         ALOGV("readMultiple");
         if (buffers == NULL || !buffers->isEmpty()) {
             return BAD_VALUE;
@@ -198,29 +131,78 @@
         Parcel data, reply;
         data.writeInterfaceToken(BpMediaSource::getInterfaceDescriptor());
         data.writeUint32(maxNumBuffers);
+        if (options != nullptr) {
+            data.writeByteArray(sizeof(*options), (uint8_t*) options);
+        }
         status_t ret = remote()->transact(READMULTIPLE, data, &reply);
+        mMemoryCache.gc();
         if (ret != NO_ERROR) {
             return ret;
         }
         // wrap the returned data in a vector of MediaBuffers
-        int32_t bufCount = 0;
-        while (1) {
-            if (reply.readInt32() == 0) {
-                break;
+        int32_t buftype;
+        uint32_t bufferCount = 0;
+        while ((buftype = reply.readInt32()) != NULL_BUFFER) {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(bufferCount >= maxNumBuffers,
+                    "Received %u+ buffers and requested %u buffers",
+                    bufferCount + 1, maxNumBuffers);
+            MediaBuffer *buf;
+            if (buftype == SHARED_BUFFER || buftype == SHARED_BUFFER_INDEX) {
+                uint64_t index = reply.readUint64();
+                ALOGV("Received %s index %llu",
+                        buftype == SHARED_BUFFER ? "SHARED_BUFFER" : "SHARED_BUFFER_INDEX",
+                        (unsigned long long) index);
+                sp<IMemory> mem;
+                if (buftype == SHARED_BUFFER) {
+                    sp<IBinder> binder = reply.readStrongBinder();
+                    mem = interface_cast<IMemory>(binder);
+                    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mem.get() == nullptr,
+                            "Received NULL IMemory for shared buffer");
+                    mMemoryCache.insert(index, mem);
+                } else {
+                    mem = mMemoryCache.lookup(index);
+                    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mem.get() == nullptr,
+                            "Received invalid IMemory index for shared buffer: %llu",
+                            (unsigned long long)index);
+                }
+                size_t offset = reply.readInt32();
+                size_t length = reply.readInt32();
+                buf = new RemoteMediaBufferWrapper(mem);
+                buf->set_range(offset, length);
+                buf->meta_data()->updateFromParcel(reply);
+            } else { // INLINE_BUFFER
+                int32_t len = reply.readInt32();
+                ALOGV("INLINE_BUFFER status %d and len %d", ret, len);
+                buf = new MediaBuffer(len);
+                reply.read(buf->data(), len);
+                buf->meta_data()->updateFromParcel(reply);
             }
-            int32_t len = reply.readInt32();
-            ALOGV("got len %d", len);
-            MediaBuffer *buf = new MediaBuffer(len);
-            reply.read(buf->data(), len);
-            buf->meta_data()->updateFromParcel(reply);
             buffers->push_back(buf);
-            ++bufCount;
+            ++bufferCount;
+            ++mBuffersSinceStop;
         }
         ret = reply.readInt32();
-        ALOGV("got status %d, bufCount %d", ret, bufCount);
+        ALOGV("readMultiple status %d, bufferCount %u, sinceStop %u",
+                ret, bufferCount, mBuffersSinceStop);
         return ret;
     }
 
+    // Binder proxy adds readMultiple support.
+    virtual bool supportReadMultiple() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    virtual bool supportNonblockingRead() {
+        ALOGV("supportNonblockingRead");
+        Parcel data, reply;
+        data.writeInterfaceToken(BpMediaSource::getInterfaceDescriptor());
+        status_t ret = remote()->transact(SUPPORT_NONBLOCKING_READ, data, &reply);
+        if (ret == NO_ERROR) {
+            return reply.readInt32() != 0;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     virtual status_t pause() {
         ALOGV("pause");
         Parcel data, reply;
@@ -234,10 +216,51 @@
     }
 
 private:
+
+    uint32_t mBuffersSinceStop; // Buffer tracking variable
+
     // NuPlayer passes pointers-to-metadata around, so we use this to keep the metadata alive
     // XXX: could we use this for caching, or does metadata change on the fly?
     sp<MetaData> mMetaData;
 
+    // Cache all IMemory objects received from MediaExtractor.
+    // We gc IMemory objects that are no longer active (referenced by a MediaBuffer).
+
+    struct MemoryCache {
+        sp<IMemory> lookup(uint64_t index) {
+            auto p = mIndexToMemory.find(index);
+            if (p == mIndexToMemory.end()) {
+                ALOGE("cannot find index!");
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+            return p->second;
+        }
+
+        void insert(uint64_t index, const sp<IMemory> &mem) {
+            if (mIndexToMemory.find(index) != mIndexToMemory.end()) {
+                ALOGE("index %llu already present", (unsigned long long)index);
+                return;
+            }
+            (void)mIndexToMemory.emplace(index, mem);
+        }
+
+        void reset() {
+            mIndexToMemory.clear();
+        }
+
+        void gc() {
+            for (auto it = mIndexToMemory.begin(); it != mIndexToMemory.end(); ) {
+                if (MediaBuffer::isDeadObject(it->second)) {
+                    it = mIndexToMemory.erase(it);
+                } else {
+                    ++it;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    private:
+        // C++14 unordered_map erase on iterator is stable; C++11 has no guarantee.
+        std::map<uint64_t, sp<IMemory>> mIndexToMemory;
+    } mMemoryCache;
 };
 
 IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MediaSource, "android.media.IMediaSource");
@@ -246,12 +269,11 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "BnMediaSource"
 
 BnMediaSource::BnMediaSource()
-    : mGroup(NULL) {
+    : mBuffersSinceStop(0)
+    , mGroup(new MediaBufferGroup(kBinderMediaBuffers /* growthLimit */)) {
 }
 
 BnMediaSource::~BnMediaSource() {
-    delete mGroup;
-    mGroup = NULL;
 }
 
 status_t BnMediaSource::onTransact(
@@ -274,7 +296,11 @@
         case STOP: {
             ALOGV("stop");
             CHECK_INTERFACE(IMediaSource, data, reply);
-            return stop();
+            status_t status = stop();
+            mGroup->gc();
+            mIndexCache.reset();
+            mBuffersSinceStop = 0;
+            return status;
         }
         case PAUSE: {
             ALOGV("pause");
@@ -291,116 +317,129 @@
             }
             return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
         }
-        case READ: {
-            ALOGV("read");
-            CHECK_INTERFACE(IMediaSource, data, reply);
-            status_t ret;
-            MediaBuffer *buf = NULL;
-            ReadOptions opts;
-            uint32_t len;
-            if (data.readUint32(&len) == NO_ERROR &&
-                    len == sizeof(opts) && data.read((void*)&opts, len) == NO_ERROR) {
-                ret = read(&buf, &opts);
-            } else {
-                ret = read(&buf, NULL);
-            }
-
-            reply->writeInt32(ret);
-            if (buf != NULL) {
-                size_t usedSize = buf->range_length();
-                // even if we're using shared memory, we might not want to use it, since for small
-                // sizes it's faster to copy data through the Binder transaction
-                // On the other hand, if the data size is large enough, it's better to use shared
-                // memory. When data is too large, binder can't handle it.
-                if (usedSize >= MediaBuffer::kSharedMemThreshold) {
-                    ALOGV("use shared memory: %zu", usedSize);
-
-                    MediaBuffer *transferBuf = buf;
-                    size_t offset = buf->range_offset();
-                    if (transferBuf->mMemory == NULL) {
-                        if (mGroup == NULL) {
-                            mGroup = new MediaBufferGroup;
-                            size_t allocateSize = usedSize;
-                            if (usedSize < SIZE_MAX / 3) {
-                                allocateSize = usedSize * 3 / 2;
-                            }
-                            mGroup->add_buffer(new MediaBuffer(allocateSize));
-                        }
-
-                        MediaBuffer *newBuf = NULL;
-                        ret = mGroup->acquire_buffer(
-                                &newBuf, false /* nonBlocking */, usedSize);
-                        if (ret != OK || newBuf == NULL || newBuf->mMemory == NULL) {
-                            ALOGW("failed to acquire shared memory, ret %d", ret);
-                            buf->release();
-                            if (newBuf != NULL) {
-                                newBuf->release();
-                            }
-                            reply->writeInt32(NULL_BUFFER);
-                            return NO_ERROR;
-                        }
-                        transferBuf = newBuf;
-                        memcpy(transferBuf->data(), (uint8_t*)buf->data() + buf->range_offset(),
-                                buf->range_length());
-                        offset = 0;
-                    }
-
-                    reply->writeInt32(SHARED_BUFFER);
-                    RemoteMediaBufferReleaser *wrapper =
-                        new RemoteMediaBufferReleaser(transferBuf, this);
-                    reply->writeStrongBinder(wrapper);
-                    reply->writeStrongBinder(IInterface::asBinder(transferBuf->mMemory));
-                    reply->writeInt32(offset);
-                    reply->writeInt32(usedSize);
-                    buf->meta_data()->writeToParcel(*reply);
-                    if (buf->mMemory == NULL) {
-                        buf->release();
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    // buffer is small: copy it
-                    if (buf->mMemory != NULL) {
-                        ALOGV("%zu shared mem available, but only %zu used", buf->mMemory->size(), buf->range_length());
-                    }
-                    reply->writeInt32(INLINE_BUFFER);
-                    reply->writeByteArray(buf->range_length(), (uint8_t*)buf->data() + buf->range_offset());
-                    buf->meta_data()->writeToParcel(*reply);
-                    buf->release();
-                }
-            } else {
-                ALOGV("ret %d, buf %p", ret, buf);
-                reply->writeInt32(NULL_BUFFER);
-            }
-            return NO_ERROR;
-        }
         case READMULTIPLE: {
-            ALOGV("readmultiple");
+            ALOGV("readMultiple");
             CHECK_INTERFACE(IMediaSource, data, reply);
+
+            // Get max number of buffers to read.
             uint32_t maxNumBuffers;
             data.readUint32(&maxNumBuffers);
-            status_t ret = NO_ERROR;
-            uint32_t bufferCount = 0;
             if (maxNumBuffers > kMaxNumReadMultiple) {
                 maxNumBuffers = kMaxNumReadMultiple;
             }
-            while (bufferCount < maxNumBuffers) {
-                if (reply->dataSize() >= MediaBuffer::kSharedMemThreshold) {
+
+            // Get read options, if any.
+            ReadOptions opts;
+            uint32_t len;
+            const bool useOptions =
+                    data.readUint32(&len) == NO_ERROR
+                    && len == sizeof(opts)
+                    && data.read((void *)&opts, len) == NO_ERROR;
+
+            mGroup->gc(kBinderMediaBuffers /* freeBuffers */);
+            mIndexCache.gc();
+            size_t inlineTransferSize = 0;
+            status_t ret = NO_ERROR;
+            uint32_t bufferCount = 0;
+            for (; bufferCount < maxNumBuffers; ++bufferCount, ++mBuffersSinceStop) {
+                MediaBuffer *buf = nullptr;
+                ret = read(&buf, useOptions ? &opts : nullptr);
+                opts.clearNonPersistent(); // Remove options that only apply to first buffer.
+                if (ret != NO_ERROR || buf == nullptr) {
                     break;
                 }
 
-                MediaBuffer *buf = NULL;
-                ret = read(&buf, NULL);
-                if (ret != NO_ERROR || buf == NULL) {
-                    break;
+                // Even if we're using shared memory, we might not want to use it, since for small
+                // sizes it's faster to copy data through the Binder transaction
+                // On the other hand, if the data size is large enough, it's better to use shared
+                // memory. When data is too large, binder can't handle it.
+                //
+                // TODO: reduce MediaBuffer::kSharedMemThreshold
+                MediaBuffer *transferBuf = nullptr;
+                const size_t length = buf->range_length();
+                size_t offset = buf->range_offset();
+                if (length >= (supportNonblockingRead() && buf->mMemory != nullptr ?
+                        kTransferSharedAsSharedThreshold : kTransferInlineAsSharedThreshold)) {
+                    if (buf->mMemory != nullptr) {
+                        ALOGV("Use shared memory: %zu", length);
+                        transferBuf = buf;
+                    } else {
+                        ALOGD("Large buffer %zu without IMemory!", length);
+                        ret = mGroup->acquire_buffer(
+                                &transferBuf, false /* nonBlocking */, length);
+                        if (ret != OK
+                                || transferBuf == nullptr
+                                || transferBuf->mMemory == nullptr) {
+                            ALOGW("Failed to acquire shared memory, size %zu, ret %d",
+                                    length, ret);
+                            if (transferBuf != nullptr) {
+                                transferBuf->release();
+                                transferBuf = nullptr;
+                            }
+                            // Current buffer transmit inline; no more additional buffers.
+                            maxNumBuffers = 0;
+                        } else {
+                            memcpy(transferBuf->data(), (uint8_t*)buf->data() + offset, length);
+                            offset = 0;
+                            if (!mGroup->has_buffers()) {
+                                maxNumBuffers = 0; // No more MediaBuffers, stop readMultiple.
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
-                ++bufferCount;
-                reply->writeInt32(1);  // indicate one more MediaBuffer.
-                reply->writeByteArray(
-                        buf->range_length(), (uint8_t*)buf->data() + buf->range_offset());
-                buf->meta_data()->writeToParcel(*reply);
-                buf->release();
+                if (transferBuf != nullptr) { // Using shared buffers.
+                    if (!transferBuf->isObserved()) {
+                        // Transfer buffer must be part of a MediaBufferGroup.
+                        ALOGV("adding shared memory buffer %p to local group", transferBuf);
+                        mGroup->add_buffer(transferBuf);
+                        transferBuf->add_ref(); // We have already acquired buffer.
+                    }
+                    uint64_t index = mIndexCache.lookup(transferBuf->mMemory);
+                    if (index == 0) {
+                        index = mIndexCache.insert(transferBuf->mMemory);
+                        reply->writeInt32(SHARED_BUFFER);
+                        reply->writeUint64(index);
+                        reply->writeStrongBinder(IInterface::asBinder(transferBuf->mMemory));
+                        ALOGV("SHARED_BUFFER(%p) %llu",
+                                transferBuf, (unsigned long long)index);
+                    } else {
+                        reply->writeInt32(SHARED_BUFFER_INDEX);
+                        reply->writeUint64(index);
+                        ALOGV("SHARED_BUFFER_INDEX(%p) %llu",
+                                transferBuf, (unsigned long long)index);
+                    }
+                    reply->writeInt32(offset);
+                    reply->writeInt32(length);
+                    buf->meta_data()->writeToParcel(*reply);
+                    if (transferBuf != buf) {
+                        buf->release();
+                    } else if (!supportNonblockingRead()) {
+                        maxNumBuffers = 0; // stop readMultiple with one shared buffer.
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    ALOGV_IF(buf->mMemory != nullptr,
+                            "INLINE(%p) %zu shared mem available, but only %zu used",
+                            buf, buf->mMemory->size(), length);
+                    reply->writeInt32(INLINE_BUFFER);
+                    reply->writeByteArray(length, (uint8_t*)buf->data() + offset);
+                    buf->meta_data()->writeToParcel(*reply);
+                    buf->release();
+                    inlineTransferSize += length;
+                    if (inlineTransferSize > kInlineMaxTransfer) {
+                        maxNumBuffers = 0; // stop readMultiple if inline transfer is too large.
+                    }
+                }
             }
-            reply->writeInt32(0);  // indicate no more MediaBuffer.
+            reply->writeInt32(NULL_BUFFER); // Indicate no more MediaBuffers.
             reply->writeInt32(ret);
+            ALOGV("readMultiple status %d, bufferCount %u, sinceStop %u",
+                    ret, bufferCount, mBuffersSinceStop);
+            return NO_ERROR;
+        }
+        case SUPPORT_NONBLOCKING_READ: {
+            ALOGV("supportNonblockingRead");
+            CHECK_INTERFACE(IMediaSource, data, reply);
+            reply->writeInt32((int32_t)supportNonblockingRead());
             return NO_ERROR;
         }
         default:
diff --git a/media/libmedia/ToneGenerator.cpp b/media/libmedia/ToneGenerator.cpp
index 411519d..f352d5b 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/ToneGenerator.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/ToneGenerator.cpp
@@ -831,14 +831,15 @@
     mProcessSize = (mSamplingRate * 20) / 1000;
 
     char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    property_get("gsm.operator.iso-country", value, "");
-    if (strcmp(value,"us") == 0 ||
-        strcmp(value,"ca") == 0) {
+    if (property_get("gsm.operator.iso-country", value, "") == 0) {
+        property_get("gsm.sim.operator.iso-country", value, "");
+    }
+    if (strstr(value, "us") != NULL ||
+        strstr(value, "ca") != NULL) {
         mRegion = ANSI;
-    } else if (strcmp(value,"jp") == 0) {
+    } else if (strstr(value, "jp") != NULL) {
         mRegion = JAPAN;
-    } else if (strcmp(value,"uk") == 0 ||
-               strcmp(value,"uk,uk") == 0) {
+    } else if (strstr(value, "uk") != NULL) {
         mRegion = UK;
     } else {
         mRegion = CEPT;
@@ -876,6 +877,7 @@
         ALOGV("Delete Track: %p", mpAudioTrack.get());
         mpAudioTrack.clear();
     }
+    clearWaveGens();
 }
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/media/libmedia/mediaplayer.cpp b/media/libmedia/mediaplayer.cpp
index 8725dfe..fbe749c 100644
--- a/media/libmedia/mediaplayer.cpp
+++ b/media/libmedia/mediaplayer.cpp
@@ -395,7 +395,9 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    if (mPlayer == 0) return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    if (mPlayer == 0 || (mCurrentState & MEDIA_PLAYER_STOPPED)) {
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
 
     if (rate.mSpeed != 0.f && !(mCurrentState & MEDIA_PLAYER_STARTED)
             && (mCurrentState & (MEDIA_PLAYER_PREPARED | MEDIA_PLAYER_PAUSED
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp
index 32f86df..d790821 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp
@@ -1845,7 +1845,7 @@
                 mCallbackData->setOutput(this);
             }
             delete newcbd;
-            return OK;
+            return updateTrack();
         }
     }
 
@@ -1867,17 +1867,26 @@
     mFrameSize = t->frameSize();
     mTrack = t;
 
+    return updateTrack();
+}
+
+status_t MediaPlayerService::AudioOutput::updateTrack() {
+    if (mTrack == NULL) {
+        return NO_ERROR;
+    }
+
     status_t res = NO_ERROR;
     // Note some output devices may give us a direct track even though we don't specify it.
     // Example: Line application b/17459982.
-    if ((t->getFlags() & (AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD | AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT)) == 0) {
-        res = t->setPlaybackRate(mPlaybackRate);
+    if ((mTrack->getFlags()
+            & (AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD | AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT)) == 0) {
+        res = mTrack->setPlaybackRate(mPlaybackRate);
         if (res == NO_ERROR) {
-            t->setAuxEffectSendLevel(mSendLevel);
-            res = t->attachAuxEffect(mAuxEffectId);
+            mTrack->setAuxEffectSendLevel(mSendLevel);
+            res = mTrack->attachAuxEffect(mAuxEffectId);
         }
     }
-    ALOGV("open() DONE status %d", res);
+    ALOGV("updateTrack() DONE status %d", res);
     return res;
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.h
index 01977f5..4643f20 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.h
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@
                 int event, void *me, void *info);
                void             deleteRecycledTrack_l();
                void             close_l();
+           status_t             updateTrack();
 
         sp<AudioTrack>          mTrack;
         sp<AudioTrack>          mRecycledTrack;
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
index 97ba76b..24ca582 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightRecorder.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include "WebmWriter.h"
 #include "StagefrightRecorder.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 #include <android/hardware/ICamera.h>
 
 #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
@@ -57,6 +59,11 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+static const float kTypicalDisplayRefreshingRate = 60.f;
+// display refresh rate drops on battery saver
+static const float kMinTypicalDisplayRefreshingRate = kTypicalDisplayRefreshingRate / 2;
+static const int kMaxNumVideoTemporalLayers = 8;
+
 // To collect the encoder usage for the battery app
 static void addBatteryData(uint32_t params) {
     sp<IBinder> binder =
@@ -820,6 +827,9 @@
             break;
     }
 
+    ALOGV("Recording frameRate: %d captureFps: %f",
+            mFrameRate, mCaptureFps);
+
     return status;
 }
 
@@ -1562,9 +1572,44 @@
         format->setInt32("level", mVideoEncoderLevel);
     }
 
+    uint32_t tsLayers = 1;
+    bool preferBFrames = true; // we like B-frames as it produces better quality per bitrate
     format->setInt32("priority", 0 /* realtime */);
+    float maxPlaybackFps = mFrameRate; // assume video is only played back at normal speed
+
     if (mCaptureFpsEnable) {
         format->setFloat("operating-rate", mCaptureFps);
+
+        // enable layering for all time lapse and high frame rate recordings
+        if (mFrameRate / mCaptureFps >= 1.9) { // time lapse
+            preferBFrames = false;
+            tsLayers = 2; // use at least two layers as resulting video will likely be sped up
+        } else if (mCaptureFps > maxPlaybackFps) { // slow-mo
+            maxPlaybackFps = mCaptureFps; // assume video will be played back at full capture speed
+            preferBFrames = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (uint32_t tryLayers = 1; tryLayers <= kMaxNumVideoTemporalLayers; ++tryLayers) {
+        if (tryLayers > tsLayers) {
+            tsLayers = tryLayers;
+        }
+        // keep going until the base layer fps falls below the typical display refresh rate
+        float baseLayerFps = maxPlaybackFps / (1 << (tryLayers - 1));
+        if (baseLayerFps < kMinTypicalDisplayRefreshingRate / 0.9) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (tsLayers > 1) {
+        uint32_t bLayers = std::min(2u, tsLayers - 1); // use up-to 2 B-layers
+        uint32_t pLayers = tsLayers - bLayers;
+        format->setString(
+                "ts-schema", AStringPrintf("android.generic.%u+%u", pLayers, bLayers));
+
+        // TODO: some encoders do not support B-frames with temporal layering, and we have a
+        // different preference based on use-case. We could move this into camera profiles.
+        format->setInt32("android._prefer-b-frames", preferBFrames);
     }
 
     if (mMetaDataStoredInVideoBuffers != kMetadataBufferTypeInvalid) {
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/GenericSource.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/GenericSource.cpp
index 56042d4..af2d0f3 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/GenericSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/GenericSource.cpp
@@ -1298,6 +1298,13 @@
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (trackType == MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_VIDEO) {
+        int32_t layerId;
+        if (mb->meta_data()->findInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerId, &layerId)) {
+            meta->setInt32("temporal-layer-id", layerId);
+        }
+    }
+
     if (trackType == MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_TIMEDTEXT) {
         const char *mime;
         CHECK(mTimedTextTrack.mSource != NULL
@@ -1378,7 +1385,7 @@
             if (mIsWidevine) {
                 maxBuffers = 2;
             } else {
-                maxBuffers = 4;
+                maxBuffers = 8;  // too large of a number may influence seeks
             }
             break;
         case MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_AUDIO:
@@ -1410,23 +1417,24 @@
     MediaSource::ReadOptions options;
 
     bool seeking = false;
-
     if (seekTimeUs >= 0) {
         options.setSeekTo(seekTimeUs, MediaSource::ReadOptions::SEEK_PREVIOUS_SYNC);
         seeking = true;
     }
 
-    if (mIsWidevine) {
+    const bool couldReadMultiple = (!mIsWidevine && track->mSource->supportReadMultiple());
+
+    if (mIsWidevine || couldReadMultiple) {
         options.setNonBlocking();
     }
 
-    bool couldReadMultiple = (!mIsWidevine && trackType == MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_AUDIO);
     for (size_t numBuffers = 0; numBuffers < maxBuffers; ) {
         Vector<MediaBuffer *> mediaBuffers;
         status_t err = NO_ERROR;
 
-        if (!seeking && couldReadMultiple) {
-            err = track->mSource->readMultiple(&mediaBuffers, (maxBuffers - numBuffers));
+        if (couldReadMultiple) {
+            err = track->mSource->readMultiple(
+                    &mediaBuffers, maxBuffers - numBuffers, &options);
         } else {
             MediaBuffer *mbuf = NULL;
             err = track->mSource->read(&mbuf, &options);
@@ -1435,7 +1443,7 @@
             }
         }
 
-        options.clearSeekTo();
+        options.clearNonPersistent();
 
         size_t id = 0;
         size_t count = mediaBuffers.size();
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
index 0b10ae4..134da14 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayer.cpp
@@ -784,12 +784,9 @@
             }
 
             if (mVideoDecoder != NULL) {
-                float rate = getFrameRate();
-                if (rate > 0) {
-                    sp<AMessage> params = new AMessage();
-                    params->setFloat("operating-rate", rate * mPlaybackSettings.mSpeed);
-                    mVideoDecoder->setParameters(params);
-                }
+                sp<AMessage> params = new AMessage();
+                params->setFloat("playback-speed", mPlaybackSettings.mSpeed);
+                mVideoDecoder->setParameters(params);
             }
 
             sp<AMessage> response = new AMessage;
@@ -1005,6 +1002,7 @@
                 sp<AMessage> inputFormat =
                         mSource->getFormat(false /* audio */);
 
+                setVideoScalingMode(mVideoScalingMode);
                 updateVideoSize(inputFormat, format);
             } else if (what == DecoderBase::kWhatShutdownCompleted) {
                 ALOGV("%s shutdown completed", audio ? "audio" : "video");
@@ -1679,6 +1677,27 @@
             return err;
         }
     }
+
+    if (!audio) {
+        sp<AMessage> params = new AMessage();
+        float rate = getFrameRate();
+        if (rate > 0) {
+            params->setFloat("frame-rate-total", rate);
+        }
+
+        sp<MetaData> fileMeta = getFileMeta();
+        if (fileMeta != NULL) {
+            int32_t videoTemporalLayerCount;
+            if (fileMeta->findInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerCount, &videoTemporalLayerCount)
+                    && videoTemporalLayerCount > 0) {
+                params->setInt32("temporal-layer-count", videoTemporalLayerCount);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (params->countEntries() > 0) {
+            (*decoder)->setParameters(params);
+        }
+    }
     return OK;
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.cpp
index 4678956..cf38efc 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 #include "NuPlayerCCDecoder.h"
 #include "NuPlayerDecoder.h"
 #include "NuPlayerRenderer.h"
@@ -41,6 +43,12 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
+static float kDisplayRefreshingRate = 60.f; // TODO: get this from the display
+
+// The default total video frame rate of a stream when that info is not available from
+// the source.
+static float kDefaultVideoFrameRateTotal = 30.f;
+
 static inline bool getAudioDeepBufferSetting() {
     return property_get_bool("media.stagefright.audio.deep", false /* default_value */);
 }
@@ -69,11 +77,17 @@
       mIsSecure(false),
       mFormatChangePending(false),
       mTimeChangePending(false),
+      mFrameRateTotal(kDefaultVideoFrameRateTotal),
+      mPlaybackSpeed(1.0f),
+      mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal(1), // decode all layers
+      mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed(1),
+      mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId(0),
       mResumePending(false),
       mComponentName("decoder") {
     mCodecLooper = new ALooper;
     mCodecLooper->setName("NPDecoder-CL");
     mCodecLooper->start(false, false, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
+    mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[0] = mFrameRateTotal;
 }
 
 NuPlayer::Decoder::~Decoder() {
@@ -329,11 +343,68 @@
 }
 
 void NuPlayer::Decoder::onSetParameters(const sp<AMessage> &params) {
-    if (mCodec == NULL) {
-        ALOGW("onSetParameters called before codec is created.");
-        return;
+    bool needAdjustLayers = false;
+    float frameRateTotal;
+    if (params->findFloat("frame-rate-total", &frameRateTotal)
+            && mFrameRateTotal != frameRateTotal) {
+        needAdjustLayers = true;
+        mFrameRateTotal = frameRateTotal;
     }
-    mCodec->setParameters(params);
+
+    int32_t numVideoTemporalLayerTotal;
+    if (params->findInt32("temporal-layer-count", &numVideoTemporalLayerTotal)
+            && numVideoTemporalLayerTotal >= 0
+            && numVideoTemporalLayerTotal <= kMaxNumVideoTemporalLayers
+            && mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal != numVideoTemporalLayerTotal) {
+        needAdjustLayers = true;
+        mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal = std::max(numVideoTemporalLayerTotal, 1);
+    }
+
+    if (needAdjustLayers && mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal > 1) {
+        // TODO: For now, layer fps is calculated for some specific architectures.
+        // But it really should be extracted from the stream.
+        mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[0] =
+            mFrameRateTotal / (float)(1ll << (mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal - 1));
+        for (int32_t i = 1; i < mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal; ++i) {
+            mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[i] =
+                mFrameRateTotal / (float)(1ll << (mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal - i))
+                + mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[i - 1];
+        }
+    }
+
+    float playbackSpeed;
+    if (params->findFloat("playback-speed", &playbackSpeed)
+            && mPlaybackSpeed != playbackSpeed) {
+        needAdjustLayers = true;
+        mPlaybackSpeed = playbackSpeed;
+    }
+
+    if (needAdjustLayers) {
+        float decodeFrameRate = mFrameRateTotal;
+        // enable temporal layering optimization only if we know the layering depth
+        if (mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal > 1) {
+            int32_t layerId;
+            for (layerId = 0; layerId < mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal - 1; ++layerId) {
+                if (mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[layerId] * mPlaybackSpeed
+                        >= kDisplayRefreshingRate * 0.9) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed = layerId + 1;
+            decodeFrameRate = mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[layerId];
+        }
+        ALOGV("onSetParameters: allowed layers=%d, decodeFps=%g",
+                mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed, decodeFrameRate);
+
+        if (mCodec == NULL) {
+            ALOGW("onSetParameters called before codec is created.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        sp<AMessage> codecParams = new AMessage();
+        codecParams->setFloat("operating-rate", decodeFrameRate * mPlaybackSpeed);
+        mCodec->setParameters(codecParams);
+    }
 }
 
 void NuPlayer::Decoder::onSetRenderer(const sp<Renderer> &renderer) {
@@ -742,13 +813,33 @@
         }
 
         dropAccessUnit = false;
-        if (!mIsAudio
-                && !mIsSecure
-                && mRenderer->getVideoLateByUs() > 100000ll
-                && mIsVideoAVC
-                && !IsAVCReferenceFrame(accessUnit)) {
-            dropAccessUnit = true;
-            ++mNumInputFramesDropped;
+        if (!mIsAudio && !mIsSecure) {
+            int32_t layerId = 0;
+            bool haveLayerId = accessUnit->meta()->findInt32("temporal-layer-id", &layerId);
+            if (mRenderer->getVideoLateByUs() > 100000ll
+                    && mIsVideoAVC
+                    && !IsAVCReferenceFrame(accessUnit)) {
+                dropAccessUnit = true;
+            } else if (haveLayerId && mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal > 1) {
+                // Add only one layer each time.
+                if (layerId > mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId + 1
+                        || layerId >= mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed) {
+                    dropAccessUnit = true;
+                    ALOGV("dropping layer(%d), speed=%g, allowed layer count=%d, max layerId=%d",
+                            layerId, mPlaybackSpeed, mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed,
+                            mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId);
+                } else if (layerId > mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId) {
+                    mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId = layerId;
+                } else if (layerId == 0 && mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal > 1 && IsIDR(accessUnit)) {
+                    mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId = mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal - 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (dropAccessUnit) {
+                if (layerId <= mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId && layerId > 0) {
+                    mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId = layerId - 1;
+                }
+                ++mNumInputFramesDropped;
+            }
         }
     } while (dropAccessUnit);
 
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.h
index ae08b4b..0c619ed 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerDecoder.h
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@
         kWhatSetVideoSurface     = 'sSur'
     };
 
+    enum {
+        kMaxNumVideoTemporalLayers = 32,
+    };
+
     sp<Surface> mSurface;
 
     sp<Source> mSource;
@@ -90,6 +94,12 @@
     bool mIsSecure;
     bool mFormatChangePending;
     bool mTimeChangePending;
+    float mFrameRateTotal;
+    float mPlaybackSpeed;
+    int32_t mNumVideoTemporalLayerTotal;
+    int32_t mNumVideoTemporalLayerAllowed;
+    int32_t mCurrentMaxVideoTemporalLayerId;
+    float mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[kMaxNumVideoTemporalLayers];
 
     bool mResumePending;
     AString mComponentName;
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerStreamListener.h b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerStreamListener.h
index 2de829b..0c6f652 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerStreamListener.h
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/NuPlayerStreamListener.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-struct MemoryDealer;
+class MemoryDealer;
 
 struct NuPlayer::NuPlayerStreamListener : public BnStreamListener {
     NuPlayerStreamListener(
diff --git a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTSPSource.cpp b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTSPSource.cpp
index 1b7dff5..8a305de 100644
--- a/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTSPSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libmediaplayerservice/nuplayer/RTSPSource.cpp
@@ -318,10 +318,16 @@
     size_t numTracks = mTracks.size();
     size_t preparedCount, underflowCount, overflowCount, startCount;
     preparedCount = underflowCount = overflowCount = startCount = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < numTracks; ++i) {
+
+    size_t count = numTracks;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
         status_t finalResult;
         TrackInfo *info = &mTracks.editItemAt(i);
         sp<AnotherPacketSource> src = info->mSource;
+        if (src == NULL) {
+            --numTracks;
+            continue;
+        }
         int64_t bufferedDurationUs = src->getBufferedDurationUs(&finalResult);
 
         // isFinished when duration is 0 checks for EOS result only
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/ACodec.cpp b/media/libstagefright/ACodec.cpp
index d97d5b1..3dea270 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/ACodec.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/ACodec.cpp
@@ -2462,6 +2462,109 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t ACodec::configureTemporalLayers(
+        const sp<AMessage> &msg, bool inConfigure, sp<AMessage> &outputFormat) {
+    if (!mIsVideo || !mIsEncoder) {
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
+    AString tsSchema;
+    if (!msg->findString("ts-schema", &tsSchema)) {
+        return OK;
+    }
+
+    unsigned int numLayers = 0;
+    unsigned int numBLayers = 0;
+    int tags;
+    char dummy;
+    OMX_VIDEO_ANDROID_TEMPORALLAYERINGPATTERNTYPE pattern =
+        OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternNone;
+    if (sscanf(tsSchema.c_str(), "webrtc.vp8.%u-layer%c", &numLayers, &dummy) == 1
+            && numLayers > 0) {
+        pattern = OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternWebRTC;
+    } else if ((tags = sscanf(tsSchema.c_str(), "android.generic.%u%c%u%c",
+                    &numLayers, &dummy, &numBLayers, &dummy))
+            && (tags == 1 || (tags == 3 && dummy == '+'))
+            && numLayers > 0 && numLayers < UINT32_MAX - numBLayers) {
+        numLayers += numBLayers;
+        pattern = OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternAndroid;
+    } else {
+        ALOGI("Ignoring unsupported ts-schema [%s]", tsSchema.c_str());
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    OMX_VIDEO_PARAM_ANDROID_TEMPORALLAYERINGTYPE layerParams;
+    InitOMXParams(&layerParams);
+    layerParams.nPortIndex = kPortIndexOutput;
+
+    status_t err = mOMX->getParameter(
+        mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexParamAndroidVideoTemporalLayering,
+        &layerParams, sizeof(layerParams));
+
+    if (err != OK) {
+        return err;
+    } else if (!(layerParams.eSupportedPatterns & pattern)) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    numLayers = min(numLayers, layerParams.nLayerCountMax);
+    numBLayers = min(numBLayers, layerParams.nBLayerCountMax);
+
+    if (!inConfigure) {
+        OMX_VIDEO_CONFIG_ANDROID_TEMPORALLAYERINGTYPE layerConfig;
+        InitOMXParams(&layerConfig);
+        layerConfig.nPortIndex = kPortIndexOutput;
+        layerConfig.ePattern = pattern;
+        layerConfig.nPLayerCountActual = numLayers - numBLayers;
+        layerConfig.nBLayerCountActual = numBLayers;
+        layerConfig.bBitrateRatiosSpecified = OMX_FALSE;
+
+        err = mOMX->setConfig(
+                mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexConfigAndroidVideoTemporalLayering,
+                &layerConfig, sizeof(layerConfig));
+    } else {
+        layerParams.ePattern = pattern;
+        layerParams.nPLayerCountActual = numLayers - numBLayers;
+        layerParams.nBLayerCountActual = numBLayers;
+        layerParams.bBitrateRatiosSpecified = OMX_FALSE;
+
+        err = mOMX->setParameter(
+                mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexParamAndroidVideoTemporalLayering,
+                &layerParams, sizeof(layerParams));
+    }
+
+    AString configSchema;
+    if (pattern == OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternAndroid) {
+        configSchema = AStringPrintf("android.generic.%u+%u", numLayers - numBLayers, numBLayers);
+    } else if (pattern == OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternWebRTC) {
+        configSchema = AStringPrintf("webrtc.vp8.%u", numLayers);
+    }
+
+    if (err != OK) {
+        ALOGW("Failed to set temporal layers to %s (requested %s)",
+                configSchema.c_str(), tsSchema.c_str());
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    err = mOMX->getParameter(
+            mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexParamAndroidVideoTemporalLayering,
+            &layerParams, sizeof(layerParams));
+
+    if (err == OK) {
+        ALOGD("Temporal layers requested:%s configured:%s got:%s(%u: P=%u, B=%u)",
+                tsSchema.c_str(), configSchema.c_str(),
+                asString(layerParams.ePattern), layerParams.ePattern,
+                layerParams.nPLayerCountActual, layerParams.nBLayerCountActual);
+
+        if (outputFormat.get() == mOutputFormat.get()) {
+            mOutputFormat = mOutputFormat->dup(); // trigger an output format change event
+        }
+        // assume we got what we configured
+        outputFormat->setString("ts-schema", configSchema);
+    }
+    return err;
+}
+
 status_t ACodec::setMinBufferSize(OMX_U32 portIndex, size_t size) {
     OMX_PARAM_PORTDEFINITIONTYPE def;
     InitOMXParams(&def);
@@ -3146,6 +3249,29 @@
     return ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 }
 
+status_t ACodec::setPortBufferNum(OMX_U32 portIndex, int bufferNum) {
+    OMX_PARAM_PORTDEFINITIONTYPE def;
+    InitOMXParams(&def);
+    def.nPortIndex = portIndex;
+    status_t err;
+    ALOGD("Setting [%s] %s port buffer number: %d", mComponentName.c_str(),
+            portIndex == kPortIndexInput ? "input" : "output", bufferNum);
+    err = mOMX->getParameter(
+        mNode, OMX_IndexParamPortDefinition, &def, sizeof(def));
+    if (err != OK) {
+        return err;
+    }
+    def.nBufferCountActual = bufferNum;
+    err = mOMX->setParameter(
+        mNode, OMX_IndexParamPortDefinition, &def, sizeof(def));
+    if (err != OK) {
+        // Component could reject this request.
+        ALOGW("Fail to set [%s] %s port buffer number: %d", mComponentName.c_str(),
+            portIndex == kPortIndexInput ? "input" : "output", bufferNum);
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t ACodec::setupVideoDecoder(
         const char *mime, const sp<AMessage> &msg, bool haveNativeWindow,
         bool usingSwRenderer, sp<AMessage> &outputFormat) {
@@ -3202,6 +3328,24 @@
         return err;
     }
 
+    // Set the component input buffer number to be |tmp|. If succeed,
+    // component will set input port buffer number to be |tmp|. If fail,
+    // component will keep the same buffer number as before.
+    if (msg->findInt32("android._num-input-buffers", &tmp)) {
+        err = setPortBufferNum(kPortIndexInput, tmp);
+        if (err != OK)
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    // Set the component output buffer number to be |tmp|. If succeed,
+    // component will set output port buffer number to be |tmp|. If fail,
+    // component will keep the same buffer number as before.
+    if (msg->findInt32("android._num-output-buffers", &tmp)) {
+        err = setPortBufferNum(kPortIndexOutput, tmp);
+        if (err != OK)
+            return err;
+    }
+
     int32_t frameRateInt;
     float frameRateFloat;
     if (!msg->findFloat("frame-rate", &frameRateFloat)) {
@@ -3728,13 +3872,17 @@
 
         case OMX_VIDEO_CodingVP8:
         case OMX_VIDEO_CodingVP9:
-            err = setupVPXEncoderParameters(msg);
+            err = setupVPXEncoderParameters(msg, outputFormat);
             break;
 
         default:
             break;
     }
 
+    if (err != OK) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
     // Set up color aspects on input, but propagate them to the output format, as they will
     // not be read back from encoder.
     err = setColorAspectsForVideoEncoder(msg, outputFormat, inputFormat);
@@ -3753,6 +3901,29 @@
         err = OK;
     }
 
+    if (err != OK) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    switch (compressionFormat) {
+        case OMX_VIDEO_CodingAVC:
+        case OMX_VIDEO_CodingHEVC:
+            err = configureTemporalLayers(msg, true /* inConfigure */, outputFormat);
+            if (err != OK) {
+                err = OK; // ignore failure
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case OMX_VIDEO_CodingVP8:
+        case OMX_VIDEO_CodingVP9:
+            // TODO: do we need to support android.generic layering? webrtc layering is
+            // already set up in setupVPXEncoderParameters.
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
     if (err == OK) {
         ALOGI("setupVideoEncoder succeeded");
     }
@@ -3797,14 +3968,31 @@
     return err;
 }
 
-static OMX_U32 setPFramesSpacing(int32_t iFramesInterval, int32_t frameRate) {
-    if (iFramesInterval < 0) {
-        return 0xFFFFFFFF;
-    } else if (iFramesInterval == 0) {
+static OMX_U32 setPFramesSpacing(
+        float iFramesInterval /* seconds */, int32_t frameRate, uint32_t BFramesSpacing = 0) {
+    // BFramesSpacing is the number of B frames between I/P frames
+    // PFramesSpacing (the value to be returned) is the number of P frames between I frames
+    //
+    // keyFrameInterval = ((PFramesSpacing + 1) * BFramesSpacing) + PFramesSpacing + 1
+    //                                     ^^^                            ^^^        ^^^
+    //                              number of B frames                number of P    I frame
+    //
+    //                  = (PFramesSpacing + 1) * (BFramesSpacing + 1)
+    //
+    // E.g.
+    //      I   P   I  : I-interval: 8, nPFrames 1, nBFrames 3
+    //       BBB BBB
+
+    if (iFramesInterval < 0) { // just 1 key frame
+        return 0xFFFFFFFE; // don't use maxint as key-frame-interval calculation will add 1
+    } else if (iFramesInterval == 0) { // just key frames
         return 0;
     }
-    OMX_U32 ret = frameRate * iFramesInterval;
-    return ret;
+
+    // round down as key-frame-interval is an upper limit
+    uint32_t keyFrameInterval = uint32_t(frameRate * iFramesInterval);
+    OMX_U32 ret = keyFrameInterval / (BFramesSpacing + 1);
+    return ret > 0 ? ret - 1 : 0;
 }
 
 static OMX_VIDEO_CONTROLRATETYPE getBitrateMode(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
@@ -3817,9 +4005,10 @@
 }
 
 status_t ACodec::setupMPEG4EncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
-    int32_t bitrate, iFrameInterval;
+    int32_t bitrate;
+    float iFrameInterval;
     if (!msg->findInt32("bitrate", &bitrate)
-            || !msg->findInt32("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
+            || !msg->findAsFloat("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
@@ -3852,11 +4041,11 @@
     mpeg4type.nAllowedPictureTypes =
         OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI | OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeP;
 
-    mpeg4type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+    mpeg4type.nBFrames = 0;
+    mpeg4type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate, mpeg4type.nBFrames);
     if (mpeg4type.nPFrames == 0) {
         mpeg4type.nAllowedPictureTypes = OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI;
     }
-    mpeg4type.nBFrames = 0;
     mpeg4type.nIDCVLCThreshold = 0;
     mpeg4type.bACPred = OMX_TRUE;
     mpeg4type.nMaxPacketSize = 256;
@@ -3898,9 +4087,10 @@
 }
 
 status_t ACodec::setupH263EncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
-    int32_t bitrate, iFrameInterval;
+    int32_t bitrate;
+    float iFrameInterval;
     if (!msg->findInt32("bitrate", &bitrate)
-            || !msg->findInt32("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
+            || !msg->findAsFloat("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
@@ -3929,11 +4119,11 @@
     h263type.nAllowedPictureTypes =
         OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI | OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeP;
 
-    h263type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+    h263type.nBFrames = 0;
+    h263type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate, h263type.nBFrames);
     if (h263type.nPFrames == 0) {
         h263type.nAllowedPictureTypes = OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI;
     }
-    h263type.nBFrames = 0;
 
     int32_t profile;
     if (msg->findInt32("profile", &profile)) {
@@ -4026,9 +4216,10 @@
 }
 
 status_t ACodec::setupAVCEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
-    int32_t bitrate, iFrameInterval;
+    int32_t bitrate;
+    float iFrameInterval;
     if (!msg->findInt32("bitrate", &bitrate)
-            || !msg->findInt32("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
+            || !msg->findAsFloat("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
@@ -4084,8 +4275,15 @@
         h264type.eProfile = static_cast<OMX_VIDEO_AVCPROFILETYPE>(profile);
         h264type.eLevel = static_cast<OMX_VIDEO_AVCLEVELTYPE>(level);
     } else {
-        // Use baseline profile for AVC recording if profile is not specified.
+        // Use largest supported profile for AVC recording if profile is not specified.
         h264type.eProfile = OMX_VIDEO_AVCProfileBaseline;
+        for (OMX_VIDEO_AVCPROFILETYPE profile : {
+                OMX_VIDEO_AVCProfileHigh, OMX_VIDEO_AVCProfileMain }) {
+            if (verifySupportForProfileAndLevel(profile, 0) == OK) {
+                h264type.eProfile = profile;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     ALOGI("setupAVCEncoderParameters with [profile: %s] [level: %s]",
@@ -4096,7 +4294,7 @@
         h264type.bUseHadamard = OMX_TRUE;
         h264type.nRefFrames = 1;
         h264type.nBFrames = 0;
-        h264type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+        h264type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate, h264type.nBFrames);
         if (h264type.nPFrames == 0) {
             h264type.nAllowedPictureTypes = OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI;
         }
@@ -4114,7 +4312,7 @@
         h264type.bUseHadamard = OMX_TRUE;
         h264type.nRefFrames = 2;
         h264type.nBFrames = 1;
-        h264type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+        h264type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate, h264type.nBFrames);
         h264type.nAllowedPictureTypes =
             OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeI | OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeP | OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeB;
         h264type.nRefIdx10ActiveMinus1 = 0;
@@ -4146,13 +4344,42 @@
         return err;
     }
 
+    // TRICKY: if we are enabling temporal layering as well, some codecs may not support layering
+    // when B-frames are enabled. Detect this now so we can disable B frames if temporal layering
+    // is preferred.
+    AString tsSchema;
+    int32_t preferBFrames = (int32_t)false;
+    if (msg->findString("ts-schema", &tsSchema)
+            && (!msg->findInt32("android._prefer-b-frames", &preferBFrames) || !preferBFrames)) {
+        OMX_VIDEO_PARAM_ANDROID_TEMPORALLAYERINGTYPE layering;
+        InitOMXParams(&layering);
+        layering.nPortIndex = kPortIndexOutput;
+        if (mOMX->getParameter(
+                        mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexParamAndroidVideoTemporalLayering,
+                        &layering, sizeof(layering)) == OK
+                && layering.eSupportedPatterns
+                && layering.nBLayerCountMax == 0) {
+            h264type.nBFrames = 0;
+            h264type.nPFrames = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate, h264type.nBFrames);
+            h264type.nAllowedPictureTypes &= ~OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeB;
+            ALOGI("disabling B-frames");
+            err = mOMX->setParameter(
+                    mNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoAvc, &h264type, sizeof(h264type));
+
+            if (err != OK) {
+                return err;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     return configureBitrate(bitrate, bitrateMode);
 }
 
 status_t ACodec::setupHEVCEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
-    int32_t bitrate, iFrameInterval;
+    int32_t bitrate;
+    float iFrameInterval;
     if (!msg->findInt32("bitrate", &bitrate)
-            || !msg->findInt32("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
+            || !msg->findAsFloat("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval)) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
@@ -4194,7 +4421,7 @@
         hevcType.eLevel = static_cast<OMX_VIDEO_HEVCLEVELTYPE>(level);
     }
     // TODO: finer control?
-    hevcType.nKeyFrameInterval = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+    hevcType.nKeyFrameInterval = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate) + 1;
 
     err = mOMX->setParameter(
             mNode, (OMX_INDEXTYPE)OMX_IndexParamVideoHevc, &hevcType, sizeof(hevcType));
@@ -4205,9 +4432,9 @@
     return configureBitrate(bitrate, bitrateMode);
 }
 
-status_t ACodec::setupVPXEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
+status_t ACodec::setupVPXEncoderParameters(const sp<AMessage> &msg, sp<AMessage> &outputFormat) {
     int32_t bitrate;
-    int32_t iFrameInterval = 0;
+    float iFrameInterval = 0;
     size_t tsLayers = 0;
     OMX_VIDEO_ANDROID_VPXTEMPORALLAYERPATTERNTYPE pattern =
         OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternNone;
@@ -4221,7 +4448,7 @@
     if (!msg->findInt32("bitrate", &bitrate)) {
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
-    msg->findInt32("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval);
+    msg->findAsFloat("i-frame-interval", &iFrameInterval);
 
     OMX_VIDEO_CONTROLRATETYPE bitrateMode = getBitrateMode(msg);
 
@@ -4235,19 +4462,31 @@
     }
 
     AString tsSchema;
+    OMX_VIDEO_ANDROID_TEMPORALLAYERINGPATTERNTYPE tsType =
+        OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternNone;
+
     if (msg->findString("ts-schema", &tsSchema)) {
-        if (tsSchema == "webrtc.vp8.1-layer") {
+        unsigned int numLayers = 0;
+        unsigned int numBLayers = 0;
+        int tags;
+        char dummy;
+        if (sscanf(tsSchema.c_str(), "webrtc.vp8.%u-layer%c", &numLayers, &dummy) == 1
+                && numLayers > 0) {
             pattern = OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternWebRTC;
-            tsLayers = 1;
-        } else if (tsSchema == "webrtc.vp8.2-layer") {
+            tsType = OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternWebRTC;
+            tsLayers = numLayers;
+        } else if ((tags = sscanf(tsSchema.c_str(), "android.generic.%u%c%u%c",
+                        &numLayers, &dummy, &numBLayers, &dummy))
+                && (tags == 1 || (tags == 3 && dummy == '+'))
+                && numLayers > 0 && numLayers < UINT32_MAX - numBLayers) {
             pattern = OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternWebRTC;
-            tsLayers = 2;
-        } else if (tsSchema == "webrtc.vp8.3-layer") {
-            pattern = OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternWebRTC;
-            tsLayers = 3;
+            // VPX does not have a concept of B-frames, so just count all layers
+            tsType = OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternAndroid;
+            tsLayers = numLayers + numBLayers;
         } else {
-            ALOGW("Unsupported ts-schema [%s]", tsSchema.c_str());
+            ALOGW("Ignoring unsupported ts-schema [%s]", tsSchema.c_str());
         }
+        tsLayers = min(tsLayers, (size_t)OMX_VIDEO_ANDROID_MAXVP8TEMPORALLAYERS);
     }
 
     OMX_VIDEO_PARAM_ANDROID_VP8ENCODERTYPE vp8type;
@@ -4259,7 +4498,7 @@
 
     if (err == OK) {
         if (iFrameInterval > 0) {
-            vp8type.nKeyFrameInterval = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate);
+            vp8type.nKeyFrameInterval = setPFramesSpacing(iFrameInterval, frameRate) + 1;
         }
         vp8type.eTemporalPattern = pattern;
         vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount = tsLayers;
@@ -4279,6 +4518,12 @@
                 &vp8type, sizeof(vp8type));
         if (err != OK) {
             ALOGW("Extended VP8 parameters set failed: %d", err);
+        } else if (tsType == OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternWebRTC) {
+            // advertise even single layer WebRTC layering, as it is defined
+            outputFormat->setString("ts-schema", AStringPrintf("webrtc.vp8.%u-layer", tsLayers));
+        } else if (tsLayers > 0) {
+            // tsType == OMX_VIDEO_AndroidTemporalLayeringPatternAndroid
+            outputFormat->setString("ts-schema", AStringPrintf("android.generic.%u", tsLayers));
         }
     }
 
@@ -4809,32 +5054,21 @@
                             sizeof(vp8type));
 
                     if (err == OK) {
-                        AString tsSchema = "none";
-                        if (vp8type.eTemporalPattern
-                                == OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternWebRTC) {
-                            switch (vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount) {
-                                case 1:
-                                {
-                                    tsSchema = "webrtc.vp8.1-layer";
-                                    break;
-                                }
-                                case 2:
-                                {
-                                    tsSchema = "webrtc.vp8.2-layer";
-                                    break;
-                                }
-                                case 3:
-                                {
-                                    tsSchema = "webrtc.vp8.3-layer";
-                                    break;
-                                }
-                                default:
-                                {
-                                    break;
-                                }
+                        if (vp8type.eTemporalPattern == OMX_VIDEO_VPXTemporalLayerPatternWebRTC
+                                && vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount > 0
+                                && vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount
+                                        <= OMX_VIDEO_ANDROID_MAXVP8TEMPORALLAYERS) {
+                            // advertise as android.generic if we configured for android.generic
+                            AString origSchema;
+                            if (notify->findString("ts-schema", &origSchema)
+                                    && origSchema.startsWith("android.generic")) {
+                                notify->setString("ts-schema", AStringPrintf(
+                                        "android.generic.%u", vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount));
+                            } else {
+                                notify->setString("ts-schema", AStringPrintf(
+                                        "webrtc.vp8.%u-layer", vp8type.nTemporalLayerCount));
                             }
                         }
-                        notify->setString("ts-schema", tsSchema);
                     }
                     // Fall through to set up mime.
                 }
@@ -7301,7 +7535,12 @@
         }
     }
 
-    return OK;
+    status_t err = configureTemporalLayers(params, false /* inConfigure */, mOutputFormat);
+    if (err != OK) {
+        err = OK; // ignore failure
+    }
+
+    return err;
 }
 
 void ACodec::onSignalEndOfInputStream() {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/Android.mk b/media/libstagefright/Android.mk
index 2445842..3848502 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/Android.mk
+++ b/media/libstagefright/Android.mk
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
         libstagefright_color_conversion \
+        libyuv_static \
         libstagefright_aacenc \
         libstagefright_matroska \
         libstagefright_mediafilter \
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Extractor.cpp b/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
index 6a67fcf..21a5faa 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 
 #include <byteswap.h>
 #include "include/ID3.h"
+#include "include/avc_utils.h"
 
 #ifndef UINT32_MAX
 #define UINT32_MAX       (4294967295U)
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@
     virtual sp<MetaData> getFormat();
 
     virtual status_t read(MediaBuffer **buffer, const ReadOptions *options = NULL);
+    virtual bool supportNonblockingRead() { return true; }
     virtual status_t fragmentedRead(MediaBuffer **buffer, const ReadOptions *options = NULL);
 
 protected:
@@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
       mInitCheck(NO_INIT),
       mHasVideo(false),
       mHeaderTimescale(0),
+      mIsQT(false),
       mFirstTrack(NULL),
       mLastTrack(NULL),
       mFileMetaData(new MetaData),
@@ -913,6 +916,7 @@
         case FOURCC('s', 'i', 'n', 'f'):
         case FOURCC('s', 'c', 'h', 'i'):
         case FOURCC('e', 'd', 't', 's'):
+        case FOURCC('w', 'a', 'v', 'e'):
         {
             if (chunk_type == FOURCC('m', 'o', 'o', 'f') && !mMoofFound) {
                 // store the offset of the first segment
@@ -1370,6 +1374,13 @@
         case FOURCC('s', 'a', 'm', 'r'):
         case FOURCC('s', 'a', 'w', 'b'):
         {
+            if (mIsQT && chunk_type == FOURCC('m', 'p', '4', 'a')
+                    && depth >= 1 && mPath[depth - 1] == FOURCC('w', 'a', 'v', 'e')) {
+                // Ignore mp4a embedded in QT wave atom
+                *offset += chunk_size;
+                break;
+            }
+
             uint8_t buffer[8 + 20];
             if (chunk_data_size < (ssize_t)sizeof(buffer)) {
                 // Basic AudioSampleEntry size.
@@ -1382,6 +1393,7 @@
             }
 
             uint16_t data_ref_index __unused = U16_AT(&buffer[6]);
+            uint16_t version = U16_AT(&buffer[8]);
             uint32_t num_channels = U16_AT(&buffer[16]);
 
             uint16_t sample_size = U16_AT(&buffer[18]);
@@ -1390,6 +1402,42 @@
             if (mLastTrack == NULL)
                 return ERROR_MALFORMED;
 
+            off64_t stop_offset = *offset + chunk_size;
+            *offset = data_offset + sizeof(buffer);
+
+            if (mIsQT && chunk_type == FOURCC('m', 'p', '4', 'a')) {
+                if (version == 1) {
+                    if (mDataSource->readAt(*offset, buffer, 16) < 16) {
+                        return ERROR_IO;
+                    }
+
+#if 0
+                    U32_AT(buffer);  // samples per packet
+                    U32_AT(&buffer[4]);  // bytes per packet
+                    U32_AT(&buffer[8]);  // bytes per frame
+                    U32_AT(&buffer[12]);  // bytes per sample
+#endif
+                    *offset += 16;
+                } else if (version == 2) {
+                    uint8_t v2buffer[36];
+                    if (mDataSource->readAt(*offset, v2buffer, 36) < 36) {
+                        return ERROR_IO;
+                    }
+
+#if 0
+                    U32_AT(v2buffer);  // size of struct only
+                    sample_rate = (uint32_t)U64_AT(&v2buffer[4]);  // audio sample rate
+                    num_channels = U32_AT(&v2buffer[12]);  // num audio channels
+                    U32_AT(&v2buffer[16]);  // always 0x7f000000
+                    sample_size = (uint16_t)U32_AT(&v2buffer[20]);  // const bits per channel
+                    U32_AT(&v2buffer[24]);  // format specifc flags
+                    U32_AT(&v2buffer[28]);  // const bytes per audio packet
+                    U32_AT(&v2buffer[32]);  // const LPCM frames per audio packet
+#endif
+                    *offset += 36;
+                }
+            }
+
             if (chunk_type != FOURCC('e', 'n', 'c', 'a')) {
                 // if the chunk type is enca, we'll get the type from the sinf/frma box later
                 mLastTrack->meta->setCString(kKeyMIMEType, FourCC2MIME(chunk_type));
@@ -1400,8 +1448,6 @@
             mLastTrack->meta->setInt32(kKeyChannelCount, num_channels);
             mLastTrack->meta->setInt32(kKeySampleRate, sample_rate);
 
-            off64_t stop_offset = *offset + chunk_size;
-            *offset = data_offset + sizeof(buffer);
             while (*offset < stop_offset) {
                 status_t err = parseChunk(offset, depth + 1);
                 if (err != OK) {
@@ -2238,6 +2284,38 @@
             return UNKNOWN_ERROR; // stop parsing after sidx
         }
 
+        case FOURCC('f', 't', 'y', 'p'):
+        {
+            if (chunk_data_size < 8 || depth != 0) {
+                return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+            }
+
+            off64_t stop_offset = *offset + chunk_size;
+            uint32_t numCompatibleBrands = (chunk_data_size - 8) / 4;
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < numCompatibleBrands + 2; ++i) {
+                if (i == 1) {
+                    // Skip this index, it refers to the minorVersion,
+                    // not a brand.
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                uint32_t brand;
+                if (mDataSource->readAt(data_offset + 4 * i, &brand, 4) < 4) {
+                    return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+                }
+
+                brand = ntohl(brand);
+                if (brand == FOURCC('q', 't', ' ', ' ')) {
+                    mIsQT = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            *offset = stop_offset;
+
+            break;
+        }
+
         default:
         {
             // check if we're parsing 'ilst' for meta keys
@@ -2471,6 +2549,15 @@
         if (!strcasecmp(mMetaKeyMap[index].c_str(), "com.android.capture.fps")) {
             mFileMetaData->setFloat(kKeyCaptureFramerate, *(float *)&val);
         }
+    } else if (dataType == 67 && dataSize >= 4) {
+        // BE signed int32
+        uint32_t val;
+        if (!mDataSource->getUInt32(offset, &val)) {
+            return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+        }
+        if (!strcasecmp(mMetaKeyMap[index].c_str(), "com.android.video.temporal_layers_count")) {
+            mFileMetaData->setInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerCount, val);
+        }
     } else {
         // add more keys if needed
         ALOGV("ignoring key: type %d, size %d", dataType, dataSize);
@@ -3553,13 +3640,20 @@
 
     // A somewhat arbitrary limit that should be sufficient for 8k video frames
     // If you see the message below for a valid input stream: increase the limit
-    if (max_size > 64 * 1024 * 1024) {
-        ALOGE("bogus max input size: %zu", max_size);
+    const size_t kMaxBufferSize = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
+    if (max_size > kMaxBufferSize) {
+        ALOGE("bogus max input size: %zu > %zu", max_size, kMaxBufferSize);
         return ERROR_MALFORMED;
     }
-    mGroup = new MediaBufferGroup;
-    mGroup->add_buffer(new MediaBuffer(max_size));
+    if (max_size == 0) {
+        ALOGE("zero max input size");
+        return ERROR_MALFORMED;
+    }
 
+    // Allow up to kMaxBuffers, but not if the total exceeds kMaxBufferSize.
+    const size_t kMaxBuffers = 8;
+    const size_t buffers = min(kMaxBufferSize / max_size, kMaxBuffers);
+    mGroup = new MediaBufferGroup(buffers, max_size);
     mSrcBuffer = new (std::nothrow) uint8_t[max_size];
     if (mSrcBuffer == NULL) {
         // file probably specified a bad max size
@@ -4186,6 +4280,11 @@
 
     CHECK(mStarted);
 
+    if (options != nullptr && options->getNonBlocking() && !mGroup->has_buffers()) {
+        *out = nullptr;
+        return WOULD_BLOCK;
+    }
+
     if (mFirstMoofOffset > 0) {
         return fragmentedRead(out, options);
     }
@@ -4464,6 +4563,12 @@
                     kKeyTargetTime, targetSampleTimeUs);
         }
 
+        if (mIsAVC) {
+            uint32_t layerId = FindAVCLayerId(
+                    (const uint8_t *)mBuffer->data(), mBuffer->range_length());
+            mBuffer->meta_data()->setInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerId, layerId);
+        }
+
         if (isSyncSample) {
             mBuffer->meta_data()->setInt32(kKeyIsSyncFrame, 1);
         }
@@ -4627,6 +4732,12 @@
                         kKeyTargetTime, targetSampleTimeUs);
             }
 
+            if (mIsAVC) {
+                uint32_t layerId = FindAVCLayerId(
+                        (const uint8_t *)mBuffer->data(), mBuffer->range_length());
+                mBuffer->meta_data()->setInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerId, layerId);
+            }
+
             if (isSyncSample) {
                 mBuffer->meta_data()->setInt32(kKeyIsSyncFrame, 1);
             }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Writer.cpp b/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Writer.cpp
index 24fb987..66c4ffd 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Writer.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/MPEG4Writer.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 #define LOG_TAG "MPEG4Writer"
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
@@ -28,8 +30,11 @@
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
+#include <functional>
+
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/ADebug.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/AMessage.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/foundation/AUtils.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/ColorUtils.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/MPEG4Writer.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/MediaBuffer.h>
@@ -43,6 +48,7 @@
 
 #include "include/ESDS.h"
 #include "include/HevcUtils.h"
+#include "include/avc_utils.h"
 
 #ifndef __predict_false
 #define __predict_false(exp) __builtin_expect((exp) != 0, 0)
@@ -70,6 +76,7 @@
 static const char kMetaKey_Build[]      = "com.android.build";
 #endif
 static const char kMetaKey_CaptureFps[] = "com.android.capture.fps";
+static const char kMetaKey_TemporalLayerCount[] = "com.android.video.temporal_layers_count";
 
 static const uint8_t kMandatoryHevcNalUnitTypes[3] = {
     kHevcNalUnitTypeVps,
@@ -117,18 +124,18 @@
     };
 
     // A helper class to handle faster write box with table entries
-    template<class TYPE>
+    template<class TYPE, unsigned ENTRY_SIZE>
+    // ENTRY_SIZE: # of values in each entry
     struct ListTableEntries {
-        ListTableEntries(uint32_t elementCapacity, uint32_t entryCapacity)
+        static_assert(ENTRY_SIZE > 0, "ENTRY_SIZE must be positive");
+        ListTableEntries(uint32_t elementCapacity)
             : mElementCapacity(elementCapacity),
-            mEntryCapacity(entryCapacity),
             mTotalNumTableEntries(0),
             mNumValuesInCurrEntry(0),
             mCurrTableEntriesElement(NULL) {
             CHECK_GT(mElementCapacity, 0);
-            CHECK_GT(mEntryCapacity, 0);
             // Ensure no integer overflow on allocation in add().
-            CHECK_LT(mEntryCapacity, UINT32_MAX / mElementCapacity);
+            CHECK_LT(ENTRY_SIZE, UINT32_MAX / mElementCapacity);
         }
 
         // Free the allocated memory.
@@ -145,10 +152,10 @@
         // @arg value must be in network byte order
         // @arg pos location the value must be in.
         void set(const TYPE& value, uint32_t pos) {
-            CHECK_LT(pos, mTotalNumTableEntries * mEntryCapacity);
+            CHECK_LT(pos, mTotalNumTableEntries * ENTRY_SIZE);
 
             typename List<TYPE *>::iterator it = mTableEntryList.begin();
-            uint32_t iterations = (pos / (mElementCapacity * mEntryCapacity));
+            uint32_t iterations = (pos / (mElementCapacity * ENTRY_SIZE));
             while (it != mTableEntryList.end() && iterations > 0) {
                 ++it;
                 --iterations;
@@ -156,7 +163,7 @@
             CHECK(it != mTableEntryList.end());
             CHECK_EQ(iterations, 0);
 
-            (*it)[(pos % (mElementCapacity * mEntryCapacity))] = value;
+            (*it)[(pos % (mElementCapacity * ENTRY_SIZE))] = value;
         }
 
         // Get the value at the given position by the given value.
@@ -164,12 +171,12 @@
         // @arg pos location the value must be in.
         // @return true if a value is found.
         bool get(TYPE& value, uint32_t pos) const {
-            if (pos >= mTotalNumTableEntries * mEntryCapacity) {
+            if (pos >= mTotalNumTableEntries * ENTRY_SIZE) {
                 return false;
             }
 
             typename List<TYPE *>::iterator it = mTableEntryList.begin();
-            uint32_t iterations = (pos / (mElementCapacity * mEntryCapacity));
+            uint32_t iterations = (pos / (mElementCapacity * ENTRY_SIZE));
             while (it != mTableEntryList.end() && iterations > 0) {
                 ++it;
                 --iterations;
@@ -177,27 +184,42 @@
             CHECK(it != mTableEntryList.end());
             CHECK_EQ(iterations, 0);
 
-            value = (*it)[(pos % (mElementCapacity * mEntryCapacity))];
+            value = (*it)[(pos % (mElementCapacity * ENTRY_SIZE))];
             return true;
         }
 
+        // adjusts all values by |adjust(value)|
+        void adjustEntries(
+                std::function<void(size_t /* ix */, TYPE(& /* entry */)[ENTRY_SIZE])> update) {
+            size_t nEntries = mTotalNumTableEntries + mNumValuesInCurrEntry / ENTRY_SIZE;
+            size_t ix = 0;
+            for (TYPE *entryArray : mTableEntryList) {
+                size_t num = std::min(nEntries, (size_t)mElementCapacity);
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
+                    update(ix++, (TYPE(&)[ENTRY_SIZE])(*entryArray));
+                    entryArray += ENTRY_SIZE;
+                }
+                nEntries -= num;
+            }
+        }
+
         // Store a single value.
         // @arg value must be in network byte order.
         void add(const TYPE& value) {
             CHECK_LT(mNumValuesInCurrEntry, mElementCapacity);
             uint32_t nEntries = mTotalNumTableEntries % mElementCapacity;
-            uint32_t nValues  = mNumValuesInCurrEntry % mEntryCapacity;
+            uint32_t nValues  = mNumValuesInCurrEntry % ENTRY_SIZE;
             if (nEntries == 0 && nValues == 0) {
-                mCurrTableEntriesElement = new TYPE[mEntryCapacity * mElementCapacity];
+                mCurrTableEntriesElement = new TYPE[ENTRY_SIZE * mElementCapacity];
                 CHECK(mCurrTableEntriesElement != NULL);
                 mTableEntryList.push_back(mCurrTableEntriesElement);
             }
 
-            uint32_t pos = nEntries * mEntryCapacity + nValues;
+            uint32_t pos = nEntries * ENTRY_SIZE + nValues;
             mCurrTableEntriesElement[pos] = value;
 
             ++mNumValuesInCurrEntry;
-            if ((mNumValuesInCurrEntry % mEntryCapacity) == 0) {
+            if ((mNumValuesInCurrEntry % ENTRY_SIZE) == 0) {
                 ++mTotalNumTableEntries;
                 mNumValuesInCurrEntry = 0;
             }
@@ -208,17 +230,17 @@
         // 2. followed by the values in the table enties in order
         // @arg writer the writer to actual write to the storage
         void write(MPEG4Writer *writer) const {
-            CHECK_EQ(mNumValuesInCurrEntry % mEntryCapacity, 0);
+            CHECK_EQ(mNumValuesInCurrEntry % ENTRY_SIZE, 0);
             uint32_t nEntries = mTotalNumTableEntries;
             writer->writeInt32(nEntries);
             for (typename List<TYPE *>::iterator it = mTableEntryList.begin();
                 it != mTableEntryList.end(); ++it) {
                 CHECK_GT(nEntries, 0);
                 if (nEntries >= mElementCapacity) {
-                    writer->write(*it, sizeof(TYPE) * mEntryCapacity, mElementCapacity);
+                    writer->write(*it, sizeof(TYPE) * ENTRY_SIZE, mElementCapacity);
                     nEntries -= mElementCapacity;
                 } else {
-                    writer->write(*it, sizeof(TYPE) * mEntryCapacity, nEntries);
+                    writer->write(*it, sizeof(TYPE) * ENTRY_SIZE, nEntries);
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -229,9 +251,8 @@
 
     private:
         uint32_t         mElementCapacity;  // # entries in an element
-        uint32_t         mEntryCapacity;    // # of values in each entry
         uint32_t         mTotalNumTableEntries;
-        uint32_t         mNumValuesInCurrEntry;  // up to mEntryCapacity
+        uint32_t         mNumValuesInCurrEntry;  // up to ENTRY_SIZE
         TYPE             *mCurrTableEntriesElement;
         mutable List<TYPE *>     mTableEntryList;
 
@@ -254,6 +275,7 @@
     int32_t mTrackId;
     int64_t mTrackDurationUs;
     int64_t mMaxChunkDurationUs;
+    int64_t mLastDecodingTimeUs;
 
     int64_t mEstimatedTrackSizeBytes;
     int64_t mMdatSizeBytes;
@@ -265,14 +287,14 @@
     List<MediaBuffer *> mChunkSamples;
 
     bool                mSamplesHaveSameSize;
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mStszTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1> *mStszTableEntries;
 
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mStcoTableEntries;
-    ListTableEntries<off64_t> *mCo64TableEntries;
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mStscTableEntries;
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mStssTableEntries;
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mSttsTableEntries;
-    ListTableEntries<uint32_t> *mCttsTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1> *mStcoTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<off64_t, 1> *mCo64TableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 3> *mStscTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1> *mStssTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 2> *mSttsTableEntries;
+    ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 2> *mCttsTableEntries;
 
     int64_t mMinCttsOffsetTimeUs;
     int64_t mMaxCttsOffsetTimeUs;
@@ -1162,6 +1184,37 @@
     }
 }
 
+off64_t MPEG4Writer::addMultipleLengthPrefixedSamples_l(MediaBuffer *buffer) {
+    off64_t old_offset = mOffset;
+
+    const size_t kExtensionNALSearchRange = 64; // bytes to look for non-VCL NALUs
+
+    const uint8_t *dataStart = (const uint8_t *)buffer->data() + buffer->range_offset();
+    const uint8_t *currentNalStart = dataStart;
+    const uint8_t *nextNalStart;
+    const uint8_t *data = dataStart;
+    size_t nextNalSize;
+    size_t searchSize = buffer->range_length() > kExtensionNALSearchRange ?
+                   kExtensionNALSearchRange : buffer->range_length();
+
+    while (getNextNALUnit(&data, &searchSize, &nextNalStart,
+            &nextNalSize, true) == OK) {
+        size_t currentNalSize = nextNalStart - currentNalStart - 4 /* strip start-code */;
+        MediaBuffer *nalBuf = new MediaBuffer((void *)currentNalStart, currentNalSize);
+        addLengthPrefixedSample_l(nalBuf);
+        nalBuf->release();
+
+        currentNalStart = nextNalStart;
+    }
+
+    size_t currentNalOffset = currentNalStart - dataStart;
+    buffer->set_range(buffer->range_offset() + currentNalOffset,
+            buffer->range_length() - currentNalOffset);
+    addLengthPrefixedSample_l(buffer);
+
+    return old_offset;
+}
+
 off64_t MPEG4Writer::addLengthPrefixedSample_l(MediaBuffer *buffer) {
     off64_t old_offset = mOffset;
 
@@ -1381,6 +1434,19 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t MPEG4Writer::setTemporalLayerCount(uint32_t layerCount) {
+    if (layerCount > 9) {
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if (layerCount > 0) {
+        mMetaKeys->setInt32(kMetaKey_TemporalLayerCount, layerCount);
+        mMoovExtraSize += sizeof(kMetaKey_TemporalLayerCount) + 4 + 32;
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 void MPEG4Writer::write(const void *data, size_t size) {
     write(data, 1, size);
 }
@@ -1474,13 +1540,13 @@
       mTrackDurationUs(0),
       mEstimatedTrackSizeBytes(0),
       mSamplesHaveSameSize(true),
-      mStszTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 1)),
-      mStcoTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 1)),
-      mCo64TableEntries(new ListTableEntries<off64_t>(1000, 1)),
-      mStscTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 3)),
-      mStssTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 1)),
-      mSttsTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 2)),
-      mCttsTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t>(1000, 2)),
+      mStszTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1>(1000)),
+      mStcoTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1>(1000)),
+      mCo64TableEntries(new ListTableEntries<off64_t, 1>(1000)),
+      mStscTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 3>(1000)),
+      mStssTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 1>(1000)),
+      mSttsTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 2>(1000)),
+      mCttsTableEntries(new ListTableEntries<uint32_t, 2>(1000)),
       mCodecSpecificData(NULL),
       mCodecSpecificDataSize(0),
       mGotAllCodecSpecificData(false),
@@ -1496,6 +1562,14 @@
     mIsMPEG4 = !strcasecmp(mime, MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4) ||
                !strcasecmp(mime, MEDIA_MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AAC);
 
+    // store temporal layer count
+    if (!mIsAudio) {
+        int32_t count;
+        if (mMeta->findInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerCount, &count) && count > 1) {
+            mOwner->setTemporalLayerCount(count);
+        }
+    }
+
     setTimeScale();
 }
 
@@ -1684,7 +1758,7 @@
         List<MediaBuffer *>::iterator it = chunk->mSamples.begin();
 
         off64_t offset = (chunk->mTrack->isAvc() || chunk->mTrack->isHevc())
-                                ? addLengthPrefixedSample_l(*it)
+                                ? addMultipleLengthPrefixedSamples_l(*it)
                                 : addSample_l(*it);
 
         if (isFirstSample) {
@@ -1874,6 +1948,7 @@
     mEstimatedTrackSizeBytes = 0;
     mMdatSizeBytes = 0;
     mMaxChunkDurationUs = 0;
+    mLastDecodingTimeUs = -1;
 
     pthread_create(&mThread, &attr, ThreadWrapper, this);
     pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
@@ -2458,6 +2533,17 @@
             int64_t decodingTimeUs;
             CHECK(meta_data->findInt64(kKeyDecodingTime, &decodingTimeUs));
             decodingTimeUs -= previousPausedDurationUs;
+
+            // ensure non-negative, monotonic decoding time
+            if (mLastDecodingTimeUs < 0) {
+                decodingTimeUs = std::max((int64_t)0, decodingTimeUs);
+            } else {
+                // increase decoding time by at least 1 tick
+                decodingTimeUs = std::max(
+                        mLastDecodingTimeUs + divUp(1000000, mTimeScale), decodingTimeUs);
+            }
+
+            mLastDecodingTimeUs = decodingTimeUs;
             cttsOffsetTimeUs =
                     timestampUs + kMaxCttsOffsetTimeUs - decodingTimeUs;
             if (WARN_UNLESS(cttsOffsetTimeUs >= 0ll, "for %s track", trackName)) {
@@ -2593,7 +2679,7 @@
             trackProgressStatus(timestampUs);
         }
         if (!hasMultipleTracks) {
-            off64_t offset = (mIsAvc || mIsHevc) ? mOwner->addLengthPrefixedSample_l(copy)
+            off64_t offset = (mIsAvc || mIsHevc) ? mOwner->addMultipleLengthPrefixedSamples_l(copy)
                                  : mOwner->addSample_l(copy);
 
             uint32_t count = (mOwner->use32BitFileOffset()
@@ -3312,10 +3398,12 @@
 
     mOwner->beginBox("ctts");
     mOwner->writeInt32(0);  // version=0, flags=0
-    uint32_t duration;
-    CHECK(mCttsTableEntries->get(duration, 1));
-    duration = htonl(duration);  // Back host byte order
-    mCttsTableEntries->set(htonl(duration + getStartTimeOffsetScaledTime() - mMinCttsOffsetTimeUs), 1);
+    uint32_t delta = mMinCttsOffsetTimeUs - getStartTimeOffsetScaledTime();
+    mCttsTableEntries->adjustEntries([delta](size_t /* ix */, uint32_t (&value)[2]) {
+        // entries are <count, ctts> pairs; adjust only ctts
+        uint32_t duration = htonl(value[1]); // back to host byte order
+        value[1] = htonl(duration - delta);
+    });
     mCttsTableEntries->write(mOwner);
     mOwner->endBox();  // ctts
 }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/MediaCodecSource.cpp b/media/libstagefright/MediaCodecSource.cpp
index 0aafa6b..5039922 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/MediaCodecSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/MediaCodecSource.cpp
@@ -648,6 +648,15 @@
             CHECK(mbuf->meta_data()->findInt64(kKeyTime, &timeUs));
             timeUs += mInputBufferTimeOffsetUs;
 
+            // Due to the extra delay adjustment at the beginning of start/resume,
+            // the adjusted timeUs may be negative if MediaCodecSource goes into pause
+            // state before feeding any buffers to the encoder. Drop the buffer in this
+            // case.
+            if (timeUs < 0) {
+                mbuf->release();
+                return OK;
+            }
+
             // push decoding time for video, or drift time for audio
             if (mIsVideo) {
                 mDecodingTimeQueue.push_back(timeUs);
@@ -832,9 +841,16 @@
                         // Time offset is not applied at
                         // feedEncoderInputBuffer() in surface input case.
                         timeUs += mInputBufferTimeOffsetUs;
-                        // GraphicBufferSource is supposed to discard samples
-                        // queued before start, and offset timeUs by start time
-                        CHECK_GE(timeUs, 0ll);
+
+                        // Due to the extra delay adjustment at the beginning of
+                        // start/resume, the adjusted timeUs may be negative if
+                        // MediaCodecSource goes into pause state before feeding
+                        // any buffers to the encoder. Drop the buffer in this case.
+                        if (timeUs < 0) {
+                            mEncoder->releaseOutputBuffer(index);
+                            break;
+                        }
+
                         // TODO:
                         // Decoding time for surface source is unavailable,
                         // use presentation time for now. May need to move
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMediaScanner.cpp b/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMediaScanner.cpp
index db33e83..8935f6a 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMediaScanner.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMediaScanner.cpp
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@
         { "writer", METADATA_KEY_WRITER },
         { "compilation", METADATA_KEY_COMPILATION },
         { "isdrm", METADATA_KEY_IS_DRM },
+        { "date", METADATA_KEY_DATE },
         { "width", METADATA_KEY_VIDEO_WIDTH },
         { "height", METADATA_KEY_VIDEO_HEIGHT },
     };
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMetadataRetriever.cpp b/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMetadataRetriever.cpp
index 377f5fd..d2ba02e 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMetadataRetriever.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/StagefrightMetadataRetriever.cpp
@@ -158,6 +158,12 @@
     // TODO: Use Flexible color instead
     videoFormat->setInt32("color-format", OMX_COLOR_FormatYUV420Planar);
 
+    // For the thumbnail extraction case, try to allocate single buffer
+    // in both input and output ports. NOTE: This request may fail if
+    // component requires more than that for decoding.
+    videoFormat->setInt32("android._num-input-buffers", 1);
+    videoFormat->setInt32("android._num-output-buffers", 1);
+
     status_t err;
     sp<ALooper> looper = new ALooper;
     looper->start();
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/Utils.cpp b/media/libstagefright/Utils.cpp
index 8a0009c..1c76ad7 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/Utils.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/Utils.cpp
@@ -1317,6 +1317,20 @@
         }
 
         convertMessageToMetaDataColorAspects(msg, meta);
+
+        AString tsSchema;
+        if (msg->findString("ts-schema", &tsSchema)) {
+            unsigned int numLayers = 0;
+            unsigned int numBLayers = 0;
+            char dummy;
+            int tags = sscanf(tsSchema.c_str(), "android.generic.%u%c%u%c",
+                    &numLayers, &dummy, &numBLayers, &dummy);
+            if ((tags == 1 || (tags == 3 && dummy == '+'))
+                    && numLayers > 0 && numLayers < UINT32_MAX - numBLayers
+                    && numLayers + numBLayers <= INT32_MAX) {
+                meta->setInt32(kKeyTemporalLayerCount, numLayers + numBLayers);
+            }
+        }
     } else if (mime.startsWith("audio/")) {
         int32_t numChannels;
         if (msg->findInt32("channel-count", &numChannels)) {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/WAVExtractor.cpp b/media/libstagefright/WAVExtractor.cpp
index 38a2a06..1f04fa0 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/WAVExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/WAVExtractor.cpp
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@
     virtual status_t read(
             MediaBuffer **buffer, const ReadOptions *options = NULL);
 
+    virtual bool supportNonblockingRead() { return true; }
+
 protected:
     virtual ~WAVSource();
 
@@ -377,8 +379,8 @@
 
     CHECK(!mStarted);
 
-    mGroup = new MediaBufferGroup;
-    mGroup->add_buffer(new MediaBuffer(kMaxFrameSize));
+    // some WAV files may have large audio buffers that use shared memory transfer.
+    mGroup = new MediaBufferGroup(4 /* buffers */, kMaxFrameSize);
 
     if (mBitsPerSample == 8) {
         // As a temporary buffer for 8->16 bit conversion.
@@ -415,6 +417,10 @@
         MediaBuffer **out, const ReadOptions *options) {
     *out = NULL;
 
+    if (options != nullptr && options->getNonBlocking() && !mGroup->has_buffers()) {
+        return WOULD_BLOCK;
+    }
+
     int64_t seekTimeUs;
     ReadOptions::SeekMode mode;
     if (options != NULL && options->getSeekTo(&seekTimeUs, &mode)) {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/avc_utils.cpp b/media/libstagefright/avc_utils.cpp
index ccf3440..0396dc6 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/avc_utils.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/avc_utils.cpp
@@ -491,6 +491,28 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+uint32_t FindAVCLayerId(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
+    CHECK(data != NULL);
+
+    const unsigned kSvcNalType = 0xE;
+    const unsigned kSvcNalSearchRange = 32;
+    // SVC NAL
+    // |---0 1110|1--- ----|---- ----|iii- ---|
+    //       ^                        ^
+    //   NAL-type = 0xE               layer-Id
+    //
+    // layer_id 0 is for base layer, while 1, 2, ... are enhancement layers.
+    // Layer n uses reference frames from layer 0, 1, ..., n-1.
+
+    uint32_t layerId = 0;
+    sp<ABuffer> svcNAL = FindNAL(
+            data, size > kSvcNalSearchRange ? kSvcNalSearchRange : size, kSvcNalType);
+    if (svcNAL != NULL && svcNAL->size() >= 4) {
+        layerId = (*(svcNAL->data() + 3) >> 5) & 0x7;
+    }
+    return layerId;
+}
+
 sp<MetaData> MakeAACCodecSpecificData(
         unsigned profile, unsigned sampling_freq_index,
         unsigned channel_configuration) {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.cpp b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.cpp
index 61b9bfd..cecc52b 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.cpp
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@
       mSignalledError(false),
       mStride(mWidth){
     initPorts(
-            kNumBuffers, INPUT_BUF_SIZE, kNumBuffers, CODEC_MIME_TYPE);
+            1 /* numMinInputBuffers */, kNumBuffers, INPUT_BUF_SIZE,
+            1 /* numMinOutputBuffers */, kNumBuffers, CODEC_MIME_TYPE);
 
     GETTIME(&mTimeStart, NULL);
 
@@ -381,6 +382,48 @@
     resetPlugin();
 }
 
+bool SoftAVC::getVUIParams() {
+    IV_API_CALL_STATUS_T status;
+    ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t s_ctl_get_vui_params_ip;
+    ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t s_ctl_get_vui_params_op;
+
+    s_ctl_get_vui_params_ip.e_cmd = IVD_CMD_VIDEO_CTL;
+    s_ctl_get_vui_params_ip.e_sub_cmd =
+        (IVD_CONTROL_API_COMMAND_TYPE_T)IH264D_CMD_CTL_GET_VUI_PARAMS;
+
+    s_ctl_get_vui_params_ip.u4_size =
+        sizeof(ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_ip_t);
+
+    s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u4_size = sizeof(ih264d_ctl_get_vui_params_op_t);
+
+    status = ivdec_api_function(
+            (iv_obj_t *)mCodecCtx, (void *)&s_ctl_get_vui_params_ip,
+            (void *)&s_ctl_get_vui_params_op);
+
+    if (status != IV_SUCCESS) {
+        ALOGW("Error in getting VUI params: 0x%x",
+                s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u4_error_code);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int32_t primaries = s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u1_colour_primaries;
+    int32_t transfer = s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u1_tfr_chars;
+    int32_t coeffs = s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u1_matrix_coeffs;
+    bool fullRange = s_ctl_get_vui_params_op.u1_video_full_range_flag;
+
+    ColorAspects colorAspects;
+    ColorUtils::convertIsoColorAspectsToCodecAspects(
+            primaries, transfer, coeffs, fullRange, colorAspects);
+
+    // Update color aspects if necessary.
+    if (colorAspectsDiffer(colorAspects, mBitstreamColorAspects)) {
+        mBitstreamColorAspects = colorAspects;
+        status_t err = handleColorAspectsChange();
+        CHECK(err == OK);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool SoftAVC::setDecodeArgs(
         ivd_video_decode_ip_t *ps_dec_ip,
         ivd_video_decode_op_t *ps_dec_op,
@@ -606,6 +649,8 @@
 
             bool resChanged = (IVD_RES_CHANGED == (s_dec_op.u4_error_code & 0xFF));
 
+            getVUIParams();
+
             GETTIME(&mTimeEnd, NULL);
             /* Compute time taken for decode() */
             TIME_DIFF(mTimeStart, mTimeEnd, timeTaken);
@@ -641,16 +686,22 @@
                 continue;
             }
 
+            // Combine the resolution change and coloraspects change in one PortSettingChange event
+            // if necessary.
             if ((0 < s_dec_op.u4_pic_wd) && (0 < s_dec_op.u4_pic_ht)) {
                 uint32_t width = s_dec_op.u4_pic_wd;
                 uint32_t height = s_dec_op.u4_pic_ht;
                 bool portWillReset = false;
                 handlePortSettingsChange(&portWillReset, width, height);
-
                 if (portWillReset) {
                     resetDecoder();
                     return;
                 }
+            } else if (mUpdateColorAspects) {
+                notify(OMX_EventPortSettingsChanged, kOutputPortIndex,
+                    kDescribeColorAspectsIndex, NULL);
+                mUpdateColorAspects = false;
+                return;
             }
 
             if (s_dec_op.u4_output_present) {
@@ -705,6 +756,10 @@
     }
 }
 
+int SoftAVC::getColorAspectPreference() {
+    return kPreferBitstream;
+}
+
 }  // namespace android
 
 android::SoftOMXComponent *createSoftOMXComponent(
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.h b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.h
index c710c76..154ca38 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcdec/SoftAVCDec.h
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
     virtual void onQueueFilled(OMX_U32 portIndex);
     virtual void onPortFlushCompleted(OMX_U32 portIndex);
     virtual void onReset();
+    virtual int getColorAspectPreference();
 private:
     // Number of input and output buffers
     enum {
@@ -116,6 +117,8 @@
             OMX_BUFFERHEADERTYPE *outHeader,
             size_t timeStampIx);
 
+    bool getVUIParams();
+
     DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(SoftAVC);
 };
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcenc/SoftAVCEnc.cpp b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcenc/SoftAVCEnc.cpp
index 6ec8c41..9e7a3be 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcenc/SoftAVCEnc.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/avcenc/SoftAVCEnc.cpp
@@ -1016,10 +1016,10 @@
 
             if ((avcType->nAllowedPictureTypes & OMX_VIDEO_PictureTypeB) &&
                     avcType->nPFrames) {
-                mBframes = avcType->nBFrames / avcType->nPFrames;
+                mBframes = avcType->nBFrames;
             }
 
-            mIInterval = avcType->nPFrames + avcType->nBFrames;
+            mIInterval = (avcType->nPFrames + 1) * (avcType->nBFrames + 1);
             mConstrainedIntraFlag = avcType->bconstIpred;
 
             if (OMX_VIDEO_AVCLoopFilterDisable == avcType->eLoopFilterMode)
@@ -1033,7 +1033,9 @@
                     || avcType->bDirect8x8Inference != OMX_FALSE
                     || avcType->bDirectSpatialTemporal != OMX_FALSE
                     || avcType->nCabacInitIdc != 0) {
-                return OMX_ErrorUndefined;
+                // OMX does not allow a way to signal what values are wrong, so it's
+                // best for components to just do best effort in supporting these values
+                ALOGV("ignoring unsupported settings");
             }
 
             if (OK != ConvertOmxAvcLevelToAvcSpecLevel(avcType->eLevel, &mAVCEncLevel)) {
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.cpp b/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.cpp
index 7638bb7..8802fad 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
             176 /* width */, 144 /* height */,
             callbacks, appData, component),
       mEncodeMode(COMBINE_MODE_WITH_ERR_RES),
-      mIDRFrameRefreshIntervalInSec(1),
+      mKeyFrameInterval(30),
       mNumInputFrames(-1),
       mStarted(false),
       mSawInputEOS(false),
@@ -159,14 +159,7 @@
     }
 
     // Set IDR frame refresh interval
-    if (mIDRFrameRefreshIntervalInSec < 0) {
-        mEncParams->intraPeriod = -1;
-    } else if (mIDRFrameRefreshIntervalInSec == 0) {
-        mEncParams->intraPeriod = 1;  // All I frames
-    } else {
-        mEncParams->intraPeriod =
-            (mIDRFrameRefreshIntervalInSec * mFramerate) >> 16;
-    }
+    mEncParams->intraPeriod = mKeyFrameInterval;
 
     mEncParams->numIntraMB = 0;
     mEncParams->sceneDetect = PV_ON;
@@ -378,6 +371,8 @@
                 return OMX_ErrorUndefined;
             }
 
+            mKeyFrameInterval = int32_t(mpeg4type->nPFrames + 1);
+
             return OMX_ErrorNone;
         }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.h b/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.h
index 3389c37..bb6ea92 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/codecs/m4v_h263/enc/SoftMPEG4Encoder.h
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
     } InputBufferInfo;
 
     MP4EncodingMode mEncodeMode;
-    int32_t  mIDRFrameRefreshIntervalInSec;
+    int32_t  mKeyFrameInterval; // 1: all I-frames, <0: infinite
 
     int64_t  mNumInputFrames;
     bool     mStarted;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/Android.mk b/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/Android.mk
index 32e2dfd..0bf9701 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/Android.mk
+++ b/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/Android.mk
@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@
 
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := \
         $(TOP)/frameworks/native/include/media/openmax \
-        $(TOP)/hardware/msm7k
+        $(TOP)/hardware/msm7k \
+        $(TOP)/external/libyuv/files/include
+
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
+        libyuv_static \
 
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Werror
 LOCAL_CLANG := true
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/ColorConverter.cpp b/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/ColorConverter.cpp
index 597167f..3ca7cc0 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/ColorConverter.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/colorconversion/ColorConverter.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
 #include <media/stagefright/ColorConverter.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/MediaErrors.h>
 
+#include "libyuv/convert_from.h"
+
+#define USE_LIBYUV
+
 namespace android {
 
 ColorConverter::ColorConverter(
@@ -103,7 +107,11 @@
 
     switch (mSrcFormat) {
         case OMX_COLOR_FormatYUV420Planar:
+#ifdef USE_LIBYUV
+            err = convertYUV420PlanarUseLibYUV(src, dst);
+#else
             err = convertYUV420Planar(src, dst);
+#endif
             break;
 
         case OMX_COLOR_FormatCbYCrY:
@@ -196,6 +204,34 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t ColorConverter::convertYUV420PlanarUseLibYUV(
+        const BitmapParams &src, const BitmapParams &dst) {
+    if (!((src.mCropLeft & 1) == 0
+            && src.cropWidth() == dst.cropWidth()
+            && src.cropHeight() == dst.cropHeight())) {
+        return ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    uint16_t *dst_ptr = (uint16_t *)dst.mBits
+        + dst.mCropTop * dst.mWidth + dst.mCropLeft;
+
+    const uint8_t *src_y =
+        (const uint8_t *)src.mBits + src.mCropTop * src.mWidth + src.mCropLeft;
+
+    const uint8_t *src_u =
+        (const uint8_t *)src_y + src.mWidth * src.mHeight
+        + src.mCropTop * (src.mWidth / 2) + src.mCropLeft / 2;
+
+    const uint8_t *src_v =
+        src_u + (src.mWidth / 2) * (src.mHeight / 2);
+
+
+    libyuv::I420ToRGB565(src_y, src.mWidth, src_u, src.mWidth / 2, src_v, src.mWidth / 2,
+            (uint8 *)dst_ptr, dst.mWidth * 2, dst.mWidth, dst.mHeight);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 status_t ColorConverter::convertYUV420Planar(
         const BitmapParams &src, const BitmapParams &dst) {
     if (!((src.mCropLeft & 1) == 0
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/foundation/AMessage.cpp b/media/libstagefright/foundation/AMessage.cpp
index 37fb33f..a4583d6 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/foundation/AMessage.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/foundation/AMessage.cpp
@@ -212,6 +212,33 @@
     return NULL;
 }
 
+bool AMessage::findAsFloat(const char *name, float *value) const {
+    size_t i = findItemIndex(name, strlen(name));
+    if (i < mNumItems) {
+        const Item *item = &mItems[i];
+        switch (item->mType) {
+            case kTypeFloat:
+                *value = item->u.floatValue;
+                return true;
+            case kTypeDouble:
+                *value = (float)item->u.doubleValue;
+                return true;
+            case kTypeInt64:
+                *value = (float)item->u.int64Value;
+                return true;
+            case kTypeInt32:
+                *value = (float)item->u.int32Value;
+                return true;
+            case kTypeSize:
+                *value = (float)item->u.sizeValue;
+                return true;
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 bool AMessage::contains(const char *name) const {
     size_t i = findItemIndex(name, strlen(name));
     return i < mNumItems;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBuffer.cpp b/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBuffer.cpp
index fa8e241..15d557d 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBuffer.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBuffer.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 
 MediaBuffer::MediaBuffer(void *data, size_t size)
     : mObserver(NULL),
-      mNextBuffer(NULL),
       mRefCount(0),
       mData(data),
       mSize(size),
@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@
 
 MediaBuffer::MediaBuffer(size_t size)
     : mObserver(NULL),
-      mNextBuffer(NULL),
       mRefCount(0),
       mData(NULL),
       mSize(size),
@@ -57,8 +55,10 @@
     if (size < kSharedMemThreshold) {
         mData = malloc(size);
     } else {
-        sp<MemoryDealer> memoryDealer = new MemoryDealer(size, "MediaBuffer");
-        mMemory = memoryDealer->allocate(size);
+        ALOGV("creating memoryDealer");
+        sp<MemoryDealer> memoryDealer =
+                new MemoryDealer(size + sizeof(SharedControl), "MediaBuffer");
+        mMemory = memoryDealer->allocate(size + sizeof(SharedControl));
         if (mMemory == NULL) {
             ALOGW("Failed to allocate shared memory, trying regular allocation!");
             mData = malloc(size);
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@
                 ALOGE("Out of memory");
             }
         } else {
-            mData = mMemory->pointer();
+            getSharedControl()->clear();
+            mData = (uint8_t *)mMemory->pointer() + sizeof(SharedControl);
             ALOGV("Allocated shared mem buffer of size %zu @ %p", size, mData);
         }
     }
@@ -74,7 +75,6 @@
 
 MediaBuffer::MediaBuffer(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer)
     : mObserver(NULL),
-      mNextBuffer(NULL),
       mRefCount(0),
       mData(NULL),
       mSize(1),
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@
 
 MediaBuffer::MediaBuffer(const sp<ABuffer> &buffer)
     : mObserver(NULL),
-      mNextBuffer(NULL),
       mRefCount(0),
       mData(buffer->data()),
       mSize(buffer->size()),
@@ -102,6 +101,14 @@
 
 void MediaBuffer::release() {
     if (mObserver == NULL) {
+        if (mMemory.get() != nullptr) {
+            // See if there is a pending release and there are no observers.
+            // Ideally this never happens.
+            while (addPendingRelease(-1) > 0) {
+                __sync_fetch_and_sub(&mRefCount, 1);
+            }
+            addPendingRelease(1);
+        }
         CHECK_EQ(mRefCount, 0);
         delete this;
         return;
@@ -183,6 +190,10 @@
         mOriginal->release();
         mOriginal = NULL;
     }
+
+   if (mMemory.get() != nullptr) {
+       getSharedControl()->setDeadObject();
+   }
 }
 
 void MediaBuffer::setObserver(MediaBufferObserver *observer) {
@@ -190,14 +201,6 @@
     mObserver = observer;
 }
 
-void MediaBuffer::setNextBuffer(MediaBuffer *buffer) {
-    mNextBuffer = buffer;
-}
-
-MediaBuffer *MediaBuffer::nextBuffer() {
-    return mNextBuffer;
-}
-
 int MediaBuffer::refcount() const {
     return mRefCount;
 }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBufferGroup.cpp b/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBufferGroup.cpp
index 9022324..cb78879 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBufferGroup.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/foundation/MediaBufferGroup.cpp
@@ -23,20 +23,65 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-MediaBufferGroup::MediaBufferGroup()
-    : mFirstBuffer(NULL),
-      mLastBuffer(NULL) {
+// std::min is not constexpr in C++11
+template<typename T>
+constexpr T MIN(const T &a, const T &b) { return a <= b ? a : b; }
+
+// MediaBufferGroup may create shared memory buffers at a
+// smaller threshold than an isolated new MediaBuffer.
+static const size_t kSharedMemoryThreshold = MIN(
+        (size_t)MediaBuffer::kSharedMemThreshold, (size_t)(4 * 1024));
+
+MediaBufferGroup::MediaBufferGroup(size_t growthLimit) :
+    mGrowthLimit(growthLimit) {
+}
+
+MediaBufferGroup::MediaBufferGroup(size_t buffers, size_t buffer_size, size_t growthLimit)
+    : mGrowthLimit(growthLimit) {
+
+    if (buffer_size >= kSharedMemoryThreshold) {
+        ALOGD("creating MemoryDealer");
+        // Using a single MemoryDealer is efficient for a group of shared memory objects.
+        // This loop guarantees that we use shared memory (no fallback to malloc).
+
+        size_t alignment = MemoryDealer::getAllocationAlignment();
+        size_t augmented_size = buffer_size + sizeof(MediaBuffer::SharedControl);
+        size_t total = (augmented_size + alignment - 1) / alignment * alignment * buffers;
+        sp<MemoryDealer> memoryDealer = new MemoryDealer(total, "MediaBufferGroup");
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < buffers; ++i) {
+            sp<IMemory> mem = memoryDealer->allocate(augmented_size);
+            if (mem.get() == nullptr) {
+                ALOGW("Only allocated %zu shared buffers of size %zu", i, buffer_size);
+                break;
+            }
+            MediaBuffer *buffer = new MediaBuffer(mem);
+            buffer->getSharedControl()->clear();
+            add_buffer(buffer);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Non-shared memory allocation.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < buffers; ++i) {
+        MediaBuffer *buffer = new MediaBuffer(buffer_size);
+        if (buffer->data() == nullptr) {
+            delete buffer; // don't call release, it's not properly formed
+            ALOGW("Only allocated %zu malloc buffers of size %zu", i, buffer_size);
+            break;
+        }
+        add_buffer(buffer);
+    }
 }
 
 MediaBufferGroup::~MediaBufferGroup() {
-    MediaBuffer *next;
-    for (MediaBuffer *buffer = mFirstBuffer; buffer != NULL;
-         buffer = next) {
-        next = buffer->nextBuffer();
-
-        CHECK_EQ(buffer->refcount(), 0);
-
-        buffer->setObserver(NULL);
+    for (MediaBuffer *buffer : mBuffers) {
+        buffer->resolvePendingRelease();
+        // If we don't release it, perhaps noone will release it.
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(buffer->refcount() != 0,
+                "buffer refcount %p = %d != 0", buffer, buffer->refcount());
+        // actually delete it.
+        buffer->setObserver(nullptr);
         buffer->release();
     }
 }
@@ -45,87 +90,105 @@
     Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
 
     buffer->setObserver(this);
+    mBuffers.emplace_back(buffer);
+    // optionally: mGrowthLimit = max(mGrowthLimit, mBuffers.size());
+}
 
-    if (mLastBuffer) {
-        mLastBuffer->setNextBuffer(buffer);
-    } else {
-        mFirstBuffer = buffer;
+void MediaBufferGroup::gc(size_t freeBuffers) {
+    Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
+
+    size_t freeCount = 0;
+    for (auto it = mBuffers.begin(); it != mBuffers.end(); ) {
+        (*it)->resolvePendingRelease();
+        if ((*it)->isDeadObject()) {
+            // The MediaBuffer has been deleted, why is it in the MediaBufferGroup?
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("buffer(%p) has dead object with refcount %d",
+                    (*it), (*it)->refcount());
+        } else if ((*it)->refcount() == 0 && ++freeCount > freeBuffers) {
+            (*it)->setObserver(nullptr);
+            (*it)->release();
+            it = mBuffers.erase(it);
+        } else {
+            ++it;
+        }
     }
+}
 
-    mLastBuffer = buffer;
+bool MediaBufferGroup::has_buffers() {
+    if (mBuffers.size() < mGrowthLimit) {
+        return true; // We can add more buffers internally.
+    }
+    for (MediaBuffer *buffer : mBuffers) {
+        buffer->resolvePendingRelease();
+        if (buffer->refcount() == 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
 }
 
 status_t MediaBufferGroup::acquire_buffer(
         MediaBuffer **out, bool nonBlocking, size_t requestedSize) {
     Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
-
     for (;;) {
-        MediaBuffer *freeBuffer = NULL;
-        MediaBuffer *freeBufferPrevious = NULL;
-        MediaBuffer *buffer = NULL;
-        MediaBuffer *bufferPrevious = NULL;
         size_t smallest = requestedSize;
-        for (buffer = mFirstBuffer;
-             buffer != NULL; buffer = buffer->nextBuffer()) {
-            if (buffer->refcount() == 0) {
-               if (buffer->size() >= requestedSize) {
-                   break;
-               } else if (buffer->size() < smallest) {
-                   freeBuffer = buffer;
-                   freeBufferPrevious = bufferPrevious;
-               }
+        MediaBuffer *buffer = nullptr;
+        auto free = mBuffers.end();
+        for (auto it = mBuffers.begin(); it != mBuffers.end(); ++it) {
+            (*it)->resolvePendingRelease();
+            if ((*it)->refcount() == 0) {
+                const size_t size = (*it)->size();
+                if (size >= requestedSize) {
+                    buffer = *it;
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (size < smallest) {
+                    smallest = size; // always free the smallest buf
+                    free = it;
+                }
             }
-            bufferPrevious = buffer;
         }
-
-        if (buffer == NULL && freeBuffer != NULL) {
-            ALOGV("allocate new buffer, requested size %zu vs available %zu",
-                    requestedSize, freeBuffer->size());
-            size_t allocateSize = requestedSize;
-            if (requestedSize < SIZE_MAX / 3) {
-                allocateSize = requestedSize * 3 / 2;
+        if (buffer == nullptr
+                && (free != mBuffers.end() || mBuffers.size() < mGrowthLimit)) {
+            // We alloc before we free so failure leaves group unchanged.
+            const size_t allocateSize = requestedSize < SIZE_MAX / 3 * 2 /* NB: ordering */ ?
+                    requestedSize * 3 / 2 : requestedSize;
+            buffer = new MediaBuffer(allocateSize);
+            if (buffer->data() == nullptr) {
+                ALOGE("Allocation failure for size %zu", allocateSize);
+                delete buffer; // Invalid alloc, prefer not to call release.
+                buffer = nullptr;
+            } else {
+                buffer->setObserver(this);
+                if (free != mBuffers.end()) {
+                    ALOGV("reallocate buffer, requested size %zu vs available %zu",
+                            requestedSize, (*free)->size());
+                    (*free)->setObserver(nullptr);
+                    (*free)->release();
+                    *free = buffer; // in-place replace
+                } else {
+                    ALOGV("allocate buffer, requested size %zu", requestedSize);
+                    mBuffers.emplace_back(buffer);
+                }
             }
-            MediaBuffer *newBuffer = new MediaBuffer(allocateSize);
-            newBuffer->setObserver(this);
-            if (freeBuffer == mFirstBuffer) {
-                mFirstBuffer = newBuffer;
-            }
-            if (freeBuffer == mLastBuffer) {
-                mLastBuffer = newBuffer;
-            }
-            newBuffer->setNextBuffer(freeBuffer->nextBuffer());
-            if (freeBufferPrevious != NULL) {
-                freeBufferPrevious->setNextBuffer(newBuffer);
-            }
-            freeBuffer->setObserver(NULL);
-            freeBuffer->release();
-
-            buffer = newBuffer;
         }
-
-        if (buffer != NULL) {
+        if (buffer != nullptr) {
             buffer->add_ref();
             buffer->reset();
-
             *out = buffer;
-            goto exit;
+            return OK;
         }
-
         if (nonBlocking) {
-            *out = NULL;
+            *out = nullptr;
             return WOULD_BLOCK;
         }
-
-        // All buffers are in use. Block until one of them is returned to us.
+        // All buffers are in use, block until one of them is returned.
         mCondition.wait(mLock);
     }
-
-exit:
-    return OK;
+    // Never gets here.
 }
 
 void MediaBufferGroup::signalBufferReturned(MediaBuffer *) {
-    Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
     mCondition.signal();
 }
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/include/MPEG4Extractor.h b/media/libstagefright/include/MPEG4Extractor.h
index 18b14e1..37c35e3 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/include/MPEG4Extractor.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/include/MPEG4Extractor.h
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@
     status_t mInitCheck;
     bool mHasVideo;
     uint32_t mHeaderTimescale;
+    bool mIsQT;
 
     Track *mFirstTrack, *mLastTrack;
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/include/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.h b/media/libstagefright/include/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.h
index 4529007..c9fd745 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/include/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/include/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "SimpleSoftOMXComponent.h"
 
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/AHandlerReflector.h>
+#include <media/stagefright/foundation/ColorUtils.h>
 #include <media/IOMX.h>
 
 #include <utils/RefBase.h>
@@ -43,6 +44,16 @@
             OMX_COMPONENTTYPE **component);
 
 protected:
+    enum {
+        kDescribeColorAspectsIndex = kPrepareForAdaptivePlaybackIndex + 1,
+    };
+
+    enum {
+        kNotSupported,
+        kPreferBitstream,
+        kPreferContainer,
+    };
+
     virtual void onPortEnableCompleted(OMX_U32 portIndex, bool enabled);
     virtual void onReset();
 
@@ -55,15 +66,37 @@
     virtual OMX_ERRORTYPE getConfig(
             OMX_INDEXTYPE index, OMX_PTR params);
 
+    virtual OMX_ERRORTYPE setConfig(
+            OMX_INDEXTYPE index, const OMX_PTR params);
+
     virtual OMX_ERRORTYPE getExtensionIndex(
             const char *name, OMX_INDEXTYPE *index);
 
+    virtual bool supportsDescribeColorAspects();
+
+    virtual int getColorAspectPreference();
+
+    // This function sets both minimum buffer count and actual buffer count of
+    // input port to be |numInputBuffers|. It will also set both minimum buffer
+    // count and actual buffer count of output port to be |numOutputBuffers|.
     void initPorts(OMX_U32 numInputBuffers,
             OMX_U32 inputBufferSize,
             OMX_U32 numOutputBuffers,
             const char *mimeType,
             OMX_U32 minCompressionRatio = 1u);
 
+    // This function sets input port's minimum buffer count to |numMinInputBuffers|,
+    // sets input port's actual buffer count to |numInputBuffers|, sets output port's
+    // minimum buffer count to |numMinOutputBuffers| and sets output port's actual buffer
+    // count to be |numOutputBuffers|.
+    void initPorts(OMX_U32 numMinInputBuffers,
+            OMX_U32 numInputBuffers,
+            OMX_U32 inputBufferSize,
+            OMX_U32 numMinOutputBuffers,
+            OMX_U32 numOutputBuffers,
+            const char *mimeType,
+            OMX_U32 minCompressionRatio = 1u);
+
     virtual void updatePortDefinitions(bool updateCrop = true, bool updateInputSize = false);
 
     uint32_t outputBufferWidth();
@@ -74,6 +107,10 @@
         kCropSet,
         kCropChanged,
     };
+
+    // This function will handle several port change events which include
+    // size changed, crop changed, stride changed and coloraspects changed.
+    // It will trigger OMX_EventPortSettingsChanged event if necessary.
     void handlePortSettingsChange(
             bool *portWillReset, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
             CropSettingsMode cropSettingsMode = kCropUnSet, bool fakeStride = false);
@@ -99,6 +136,29 @@
         AWAITING_ENABLED
     } mOutputPortSettingsChange;
 
+    bool mUpdateColorAspects;
+
+    Mutex mColorAspectsLock;
+    // color aspects passed from the framework.
+    ColorAspects mDefaultColorAspects;
+    // color aspects parsed from the bitstream.
+    ColorAspects mBitstreamColorAspects;
+    // final color aspects after combining the above two aspects.
+    ColorAspects mFinalColorAspects;
+
+    bool colorAspectsDiffer(const ColorAspects &a, const ColorAspects &b);
+
+    // This functions takes two color aspects and updates the mFinalColorAspects
+    // based on |preferredAspects|.
+    void updateFinalColorAspects(
+            const ColorAspects &otherAspects, const ColorAspects &preferredAspects);
+
+    // This function will update the mFinalColorAspects based on codec preference.
+    status_t handleColorAspectsChange();
+
+    // Helper function to dump the ColorAspects.
+    void dumpColorAspects(const ColorAspects &colorAspects);
+
 private:
     uint32_t mMinInputBufferSize;
     uint32_t mMinCompressionRatio;
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/include/avc_utils.h b/media/libstagefright/include/avc_utils.h
index 7465b35..235ee63 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/include/avc_utils.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/include/avc_utils.h
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
 
 bool IsIDR(const sp<ABuffer> &accessUnit);
 bool IsAVCReferenceFrame(const sp<ABuffer> &accessUnit);
+uint32_t FindAVCLayerId(const uint8_t *data, size_t size);
 
 const char *AVCProfileToString(uint8_t profile);
 
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/omx/GraphicBufferSource.cpp b/media/libstagefright/omx/GraphicBufferSource.cpp
index 995e50e..0c8fd67 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/omx/GraphicBufferSource.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/omx/GraphicBufferSource.cpp
@@ -775,7 +775,9 @@
 int64_t GraphicBufferSource::getTimestamp(const BufferItem &item) {
     int64_t timeUs = item.mTimestamp / 1000;
 
-    if (mTimePerCaptureUs > 0ll) {
+    if (mTimePerCaptureUs > 0ll
+            && (mTimePerCaptureUs > 2 * mTimePerFrameUs
+            || mTimePerFrameUs > 2 * mTimePerCaptureUs)) {
         // Time lapse or slow motion mode
         if (mPrevCaptureUs < 0ll) {
             // first capture
@@ -801,6 +803,8 @@
 
         return mPrevFrameUs;
     } else if (mMaxTimestampGapUs > 0ll) {
+        //TODO: Fix the case when mMaxTimestampGapUs and mTimePerCaptureUs are both set.
+
         /* Cap timestamp gap between adjacent frames to specified max
          *
          * In the scenario of cast mirroring, encoding could be suspended for
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/omx/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.cpp b/media/libstagefright/omx/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.cpp
index d3553bd..409cef7 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/omx/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/omx/SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent.cpp
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@
         mCodingType(codingType),
         mProfileLevels(profileLevels),
         mNumProfileLevels(numProfileLevels) {
+
+    // init all the color aspects to be Unspecified.
+    memset(&mDefaultColorAspects, 0, sizeof(ColorAspects));
+    memset(&mBitstreamColorAspects, 0, sizeof(ColorAspects));
+    memset(&mFinalColorAspects, 0, sizeof(ColorAspects));
 }
 
 void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::initPorts(
@@ -76,6 +81,18 @@
         OMX_U32 numOutputBuffers,
         const char *mimeType,
         OMX_U32 minCompressionRatio) {
+    initPorts(numInputBuffers, numInputBuffers, inputBufferSize,
+            numOutputBuffers, numOutputBuffers, mimeType, minCompressionRatio);
+}
+
+void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::initPorts(
+        OMX_U32 numMinInputBuffers,
+        OMX_U32 numInputBuffers,
+        OMX_U32 inputBufferSize,
+        OMX_U32 numMinOutputBuffers,
+        OMX_U32 numOutputBuffers,
+        const char *mimeType,
+        OMX_U32 minCompressionRatio) {
     mMinInputBufferSize = inputBufferSize;
     mMinCompressionRatio = minCompressionRatio;
 
@@ -84,8 +101,8 @@
 
     def.nPortIndex = kInputPortIndex;
     def.eDir = OMX_DirInput;
-    def.nBufferCountMin = numInputBuffers;
-    def.nBufferCountActual = def.nBufferCountMin;
+    def.nBufferCountMin = numMinInputBuffers;
+    def.nBufferCountActual = numInputBuffers;
     def.nBufferSize = inputBufferSize;
     def.bEnabled = OMX_TRUE;
     def.bPopulated = OMX_FALSE;
@@ -107,8 +124,8 @@
 
     def.nPortIndex = kOutputPortIndex;
     def.eDir = OMX_DirOutput;
-    def.nBufferCountMin = numOutputBuffers;
-    def.nBufferCountActual = def.nBufferCountMin;
+    def.nBufferCountMin = numMinOutputBuffers;
+    def.nBufferCountActual = numOutputBuffers;
     def.bEnabled = OMX_TRUE;
     def.bPopulated = OMX_FALSE;
     def.eDomain = OMX_PortDomainVideo;
@@ -224,9 +241,66 @@
             notify(OMX_EventPortSettingsChanged, kOutputPortIndex,
                    OMX_IndexConfigCommonOutputCrop, NULL);
         }
+    } else if (mUpdateColorAspects) {
+        notify(OMX_EventPortSettingsChanged, kOutputPortIndex,
+                kDescribeColorAspectsIndex, NULL);
+        mUpdateColorAspects = false;
     }
 }
 
+void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::dumpColorAspects(const ColorAspects &colorAspects) {
+    ALOGD("dumpColorAspects: (R:%d(%s), P:%d(%s), M:%d(%s), T:%d(%s)) ",
+            colorAspects.mRange, asString(colorAspects.mRange),
+            colorAspects.mPrimaries, asString(colorAspects.mPrimaries),
+            colorAspects.mMatrixCoeffs, asString(colorAspects.mMatrixCoeffs),
+            colorAspects.mTransfer, asString(colorAspects.mTransfer));
+}
+
+bool SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::colorAspectsDiffer(
+        const ColorAspects &a, const ColorAspects &b) {
+    if (a.mRange != b.mRange
+        || a.mPrimaries != b.mPrimaries
+        || a.mTransfer != b.mTransfer
+        || a.mMatrixCoeffs != b.mMatrixCoeffs) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::updateFinalColorAspects(
+        const ColorAspects &otherAspects, const ColorAspects &preferredAspects) {
+    Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mColorAspectsLock);
+    ColorAspects newAspects;
+    newAspects.mRange = preferredAspects.mRange != ColorAspects::RangeUnspecified ?
+        preferredAspects.mRange : otherAspects.mRange;
+    newAspects.mPrimaries = preferredAspects.mPrimaries != ColorAspects::PrimariesUnspecified ?
+        preferredAspects.mPrimaries : otherAspects.mPrimaries;
+    newAspects.mTransfer = preferredAspects.mTransfer != ColorAspects::TransferUnspecified ?
+        preferredAspects.mTransfer : otherAspects.mTransfer;
+    newAspects.mMatrixCoeffs = preferredAspects.mMatrixCoeffs != ColorAspects::MatrixUnspecified ?
+        preferredAspects.mMatrixCoeffs : otherAspects.mMatrixCoeffs;
+
+    // Check to see if need update mFinalColorAspects.
+    if (colorAspectsDiffer(mFinalColorAspects, newAspects)) {
+        mFinalColorAspects = newAspects;
+        mUpdateColorAspects = true;
+    }
+}
+
+status_t SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::handleColorAspectsChange() {
+    int perference = getColorAspectPreference();
+    ALOGD("Color Aspects preference: %d ", perference);
+
+    if (perference == kPreferBitstream) {
+        updateFinalColorAspects(mDefaultColorAspects, mBitstreamColorAspects);
+    } else if (perference == kPreferContainer) {
+        updateFinalColorAspects(mBitstreamColorAspects, mDefaultColorAspects);
+    } else {
+        return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedSetting;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
 void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::copyYV12FrameToOutputBuffer(
         uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *srcY, const uint8_t *srcU, const uint8_t *srcV,
         size_t srcYStride, size_t srcUStride, size_t srcVStride) {
@@ -450,7 +524,7 @@
 
 OMX_ERRORTYPE SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::getConfig(
         OMX_INDEXTYPE index, OMX_PTR params) {
-    switch (index) {
+    switch ((int)index) {
         case OMX_IndexConfigCommonOutputCrop:
         {
             OMX_CONFIG_RECTTYPE *rectParams = (OMX_CONFIG_RECTTYPE *)params;
@@ -470,22 +544,88 @@
 
             return OMX_ErrorNone;
         }
+        case kDescribeColorAspectsIndex:
+        {
+            if (!supportsDescribeColorAspects()) {
+                return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedIndex;
+            }
+
+            DescribeColorAspectsParams* colorAspectsParams =
+                    (DescribeColorAspectsParams *)params;
+
+            if (colorAspectsParams->nPortIndex != kOutputPortIndex) {
+                return OMX_ErrorBadParameter;
+            }
+
+            colorAspectsParams->sAspects = mFinalColorAspects;
+            if (colorAspectsParams->bRequestingDataSpace || colorAspectsParams->bDataSpaceChanged) {
+                return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedSetting;
+            }
+
+            return OMX_ErrorNone;
+        }
 
         default:
             return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedIndex;
     }
 }
 
+OMX_ERRORTYPE SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::setConfig(
+        OMX_INDEXTYPE index, const OMX_PTR params){
+    switch ((int)index) {
+        case kDescribeColorAspectsIndex:
+        {
+            if (!supportsDescribeColorAspects()) {
+                return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedIndex;
+            }
+            const DescribeColorAspectsParams* colorAspectsParams =
+                    (const DescribeColorAspectsParams *)params;
+
+            if (!isValidOMXParam(colorAspectsParams)) {
+                return OMX_ErrorBadParameter;
+            }
+
+            if (colorAspectsParams->nPortIndex != kOutputPortIndex) {
+                return OMX_ErrorBadParameter;
+            }
+
+            // Update color aspects if necessary.
+            if (colorAspectsDiffer(colorAspectsParams->sAspects, mDefaultColorAspects)) {
+                mDefaultColorAspects = colorAspectsParams->sAspects;
+                status_t err = handleColorAspectsChange();
+                CHECK(err == OK);
+            }
+            return OMX_ErrorNone;
+        }
+
+        default:
+            return OMX_ErrorUnsupportedIndex;
+    }
+}
+
+
 OMX_ERRORTYPE SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::getExtensionIndex(
         const char *name, OMX_INDEXTYPE *index) {
     if (!strcmp(name, "OMX.google.android.index.prepareForAdaptivePlayback")) {
         *(int32_t*)index = kPrepareForAdaptivePlaybackIndex;
         return OMX_ErrorNone;
+    } else if (!strcmp(name, "OMX.google.android.index.describeColorAspects")
+                && supportsDescribeColorAspects()) {
+        *(int32_t*)index = kDescribeColorAspectsIndex;
+        return OMX_ErrorNone;
     }
 
     return SimpleSoftOMXComponent::getExtensionIndex(name, index);
 }
 
+bool SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::supportsDescribeColorAspects() {
+    return getColorAspectPreference() != kNotSupported;
+}
+
+int SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::getColorAspectPreference() {
+    return kNotSupported;
+}
+
 void SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent::onReset() {
     mOutputPortSettingsChange = NONE;
 }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ASessionDescription.cpp b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ASessionDescription.cpp
index 47573c3..8b0331a 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ASessionDescription.cpp
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/ASessionDescription.cpp
@@ -214,11 +214,13 @@
 
     char key[32];
     snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "a=rtpmap:%lu", x);
-
-    CHECK(findAttribute(index, key, desc));
-
-    snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "a=fmtp:%lu", x);
-    if (!findAttribute(index, key, params)) {
+    if (findAttribute(index, key, desc)) {
+        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "a=fmtp:%lu", x);
+        if (!findAttribute(index, key, params)) {
+            params->clear();
+        }
+    } else {
+        desc->clear();
         params->clear();
     }
 }
diff --git a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/MyHandler.h b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/MyHandler.h
index f9a9ab9..abe2582 100644
--- a/media/libstagefright/rtsp/MyHandler.h
+++ b/media/libstagefright/rtsp/MyHandler.h
@@ -1042,49 +1042,13 @@
                     return;
                 }
 
-                sp<ABuffer> accessUnit;
-                CHECK(msg->findBuffer("access-unit", &accessUnit));
-
-                uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)accessUnit->int32Data();
-
                 if (mSeekPending) {
                     ALOGV("we're seeking, dropping stale packet.");
                     break;
                 }
 
-                if (track->mNewSegment) {
-                    // The sequence number from RTP packet has only 16 bits and is extended
-                    // by ARTPSource. Only the low 16 bits of seq in RTP-Info of reply of
-                    // RTSP "PLAY" command should be used to detect the first RTP packet
-                    // after seeking.
-                    if (track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits > 0) {
-                        if ((((seqNum ^ track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment) & 0xffff) != 0)) {
-                            // Not the first rtp packet of the stream after seeking, discarding.
-                            track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits--;
-                            ALOGV("discarding stale access unit (0x%x : 0x%x)",
-                                 seqNum, track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    } else { // track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits <= 0
-                        mNumAccessUnitsReceived = 0;
-                        ALOGW_IF(track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits == 0,
-                             "Still no first rtp packet after %d stale ones",
-                             kMaxAllowedStaleAccessUnits);
-                        track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits = -1;
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    // Now found the first rtp packet of the stream after seeking.
-                    track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment = seqNum;
-                    track->mNewSegment = false;
-                }
-
-                if (seqNum < track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment) {
-                    ALOGV("dropping stale access-unit (%d < %d)",
-                         seqNum, track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment);
-                    break;
-                }
-
+                sp<ABuffer> accessUnit;
+                CHECK(msg->findBuffer("access-unit", &accessUnit));
                 onAccessUnitComplete(trackIndex, accessUnit);
                 break;
             }
@@ -1852,17 +1816,16 @@
             int32_t trackIndex, const sp<ABuffer> &accessUnit) {
         ALOGV("onAccessUnitComplete track %d", trackIndex);
 
+        TrackInfo *track = &mTracks.editItemAt(trackIndex);
         if(!mPlayResponseParsed){
-            ALOGI("play response is not parsed, storing accessunit");
-            TrackInfo *track = &mTracks.editItemAt(trackIndex);
+            uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)accessUnit->int32Data();
+            ALOGI("play response is not parsed, storing accessunit %u", seqNum);
             track->mPackets.push_back(accessUnit);
             return;
         }
 
         handleFirstAccessUnit();
 
-        TrackInfo *track = &mTracks.editItemAt(trackIndex);
-
         if (!mAllTracksHaveTime) {
             ALOGV("storing accessUnit, no time established yet");
             track->mPackets.push_back(accessUnit);
@@ -1873,6 +1836,41 @@
             sp<ABuffer> accessUnit = *track->mPackets.begin();
             track->mPackets.erase(track->mPackets.begin());
 
+            uint32_t seqNum = (uint32_t)accessUnit->int32Data();
+            if (track->mNewSegment) {
+                // The sequence number from RTP packet has only 16 bits and is extended
+                // by ARTPSource. Only the low 16 bits of seq in RTP-Info of reply of
+                // RTSP "PLAY" command should be used to detect the first RTP packet
+                // after seeking.
+                if (track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits > 0) {
+                    if ((((seqNum ^ track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment) & 0xffff) != 0)) {
+                        // Not the first rtp packet of the stream after seeking, discarding.
+                        track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits--;
+                        ALOGV("discarding stale access unit (0x%x : 0x%x)",
+                             seqNum, track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment);
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } else { // track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits <= 0
+                    mNumAccessUnitsReceived = 0;
+                    ALOGW_IF(track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits == 0,
+                         "Still no first rtp packet after %d stale ones",
+                         kMaxAllowedStaleAccessUnits);
+                    track->mAllowedStaleAccessUnits = -1;
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                // Now found the first rtp packet of the stream after seeking.
+                track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment = seqNum;
+                track->mNewSegment = false;
+            }
+
+            if (seqNum < track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment) {
+                ALOGV("dropping stale access-unit (%d < %d)",
+                     seqNum, track->mFirstSeqNumInSegment);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+
             if (addMediaTimestamp(trackIndex, track, accessUnit)) {
                 postQueueAccessUnit(trackIndex, accessUnit);
             }
diff --git a/media/mediaserver/mediaserver.rc b/media/mediaserver/mediaserver.rc
index b777d5c..f6c325c 100644
--- a/media/mediaserver/mediaserver.rc
+++ b/media/mediaserver/mediaserver.rc
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
     user media
     group audio camera inet net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct drmrpc mediadrm
     ioprio rt 4
-    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks
+    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks /dev/stune/foreground/tasks
diff --git a/media/ndk/Android.mk b/media/ndk/Android.mk
index 7f6b66b..74729e4 100644
--- a/media/ndk/Android.mk
+++ b/media/ndk/Android.mk
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -fvisibility=hidden -D EXPORT='__attribute__ ((visibility ("default")))'
 
-LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Werror
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Werror -Wall
 
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
     libbinder \
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Android.mk b/services/audioflinger/Android.mk
index 4f826e5..8b831f0 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Android.mk
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Android.mk
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
     liblog \
     libbinder
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
index d2fee81..79f4a66 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -132,6 +132,9 @@
     case AUDIO_FORMAT_AC3: return "ac-3";
     case AUDIO_FORMAT_E_AC3: return "e-ac-3";
     case AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC61937: return "iec61937";
+    case AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS: return "dts";
+    case AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS_HD: return "dts-hd";
+    case AUDIO_FORMAT_DOLBY_TRUEHD: return "dolby-truehd";
     default:
         break;
     }
@@ -576,7 +579,7 @@
         audio_format_t format,
         audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
         size_t *frameCount,
-        IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+        audio_output_flags_t *flags,
         const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
         audio_io_handle_t output,
         pid_t pid,
@@ -660,7 +663,7 @@
                 sp<PlaybackThread> t = mPlaybackThreads.valueAt(i);
                 if (mPlaybackThreads.keyAt(i) != output) {
                     uint32_t sessions = t->hasAudioSession(lSessionId);
-                    if (sessions & PlaybackThread::EFFECT_SESSION) {
+                    if (sessions & ThreadBase::EFFECT_SESSION) {
                         effectThread = t.get();
                         break;
                     }
@@ -1463,7 +1466,7 @@
         audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
         const String16& opPackageName,
         size_t *frameCount,
-        IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+        audio_input_flags_t *flags,
         pid_t pid,
         pid_t tid,
         int clientUid,
@@ -1694,14 +1697,14 @@
 uint32_t AudioFlinger::getPrimaryOutputSamplingRate()
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    PlaybackThread *thread = primaryPlaybackThread_l();
+    PlaybackThread *thread = fastPlaybackThread_l();
     return thread != NULL ? thread->sampleRate() : 0;
 }
 
 size_t AudioFlinger::getPrimaryOutputFrameCount()
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
-    PlaybackThread *thread = primaryPlaybackThread_l();
+    PlaybackThread *thread = fastPlaybackThread_l();
     return thread != NULL ? thread->frameCountHAL() : 0;
 }
 
@@ -1762,7 +1765,7 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mPlaybackThreads.size(); i++) {
         sp<PlaybackThread> thread = mPlaybackThreads.valueAt(i);
         uint32_t sessions = thread->hasAudioSession(sessionId);
-        if (sessions & PlaybackThread::TRACK_SESSION) {
+        if (sessions & ThreadBase::TRACK_SESSION) {
             AudioParameter param = AudioParameter();
             param.addInt(String8(AUDIO_PARAMETER_STREAM_HW_AV_SYNC), value);
             thread->setParameters(param.toString());
@@ -2195,7 +2198,7 @@
         }
 #endif
 
-        AudioStreamIn *inputStream = new AudioStreamIn(inHwDev, inStream);
+        AudioStreamIn *inputStream = new AudioStreamIn(inHwDev, inStream, flags);
 
         // Start record thread
         // RecordThread requires both input and output device indication to forward to audio
@@ -2528,6 +2531,25 @@
     return thread->outDevice();
 }
 
+AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread *AudioFlinger::fastPlaybackThread_l() const
+{
+    size_t minFrameCount = 0;
+    PlaybackThread *minThread = NULL;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mPlaybackThreads.size(); i++) {
+        PlaybackThread *thread = mPlaybackThreads.valueAt(i).get();
+        if (!thread->isDuplicating()) {
+            size_t frameCount = thread->frameCountHAL();
+            if (frameCount != 0 && (minFrameCount == 0 || frameCount < minFrameCount ||
+                    (frameCount == minFrameCount && thread->hasFastMixer() &&
+                    /*minThread != NULL &&*/ !minThread->hasFastMixer()))) {
+                minFrameCount = frameCount;
+                minThread = thread;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return minThread;
+}
+
 sp<AudioFlinger::SyncEvent> AudioFlinger::createSyncEvent(AudioSystem::sync_event_t type,
                                     audio_session_t triggerSession,
                                     audio_session_t listenerSession,
@@ -2820,14 +2842,11 @@
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
-    // Check whether the destination thread has a channel count of FCC_2, which is
-    // currently required for (most) effects. Prevent moving the effect chain here rather
-    // than disabling the addEffect_l() call in dstThread below.
-    if ((dstThread->type() == ThreadBase::MIXER || dstThread->isDuplicating()) &&
-            dstThread->mChannelCount != FCC_2) {
+    // Check whether the destination thread and all effects in the chain are compatible
+    if (!chain->isCompatibleWithThread_l(dstThread)) {
         ALOGW("moveEffectChain_l() effect chain failed because"
-                " destination thread %p channel count(%u) != %u",
-                dstThread, dstThread->mChannelCount, FCC_2);
+                " destination thread %p is not compatible with effects in the chain",
+                dstThread);
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
 
@@ -3035,7 +3054,7 @@
             }
         } else {
             if (fd >= 0) {
-                dprintf(fd, "unable to rotate tees in %.*s: %s\n", teePathLen, teePath,
+                dprintf(fd, "unable to rotate tees in %.*s: %s\n", (int) teePathLen, teePath,
                         strerror(errno));
             }
         }
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
index 59ad688..c56dcc1 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.h
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
                                 audio_format_t format,
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_output_flags_t *flags,
                                 const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
                                 audio_io_handle_t output,
                                 pid_t pid,
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
                                 audio_channel_mask_t channelMask,
                                 const String16& opPackageName,
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_input_flags_t *flags,
                                 pid_t pid,
                                 pid_t tid,
                                 int clientUid,
@@ -575,6 +575,9 @@
               PlaybackThread *primaryPlaybackThread_l() const;
               audio_devices_t primaryOutputDevice_l() const;
 
+              // return the playback thread with smallest HAL buffer size, and prefer fast
+              PlaybackThread *fastPlaybackThread_l() const;
+
               sp<PlaybackThread> getEffectThread_l(audio_session_t sessionId, int EffectId);
 
 
@@ -609,11 +612,12 @@
     struct AudioStreamIn {
         AudioHwDevice* const audioHwDev;
         audio_stream_in_t* const stream;
+        audio_input_flags_t flags;
 
         audio_hw_device_t* hwDev() const { return audioHwDev->hwDevice(); }
 
-        AudioStreamIn(AudioHwDevice *dev, audio_stream_in_t *in) :
-            audioHwDev(dev), stream(in) {}
+        AudioStreamIn(AudioHwDevice *dev, audio_stream_in_t *in, audio_input_flags_t flags) :
+            audioHwDev(dev), stream(in), flags(flags) {}
     };
 
     // for mAudioSessionRefs only
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
index 055e915..e6c8abc 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Effects.cpp
@@ -1966,4 +1966,27 @@
     }
 }
 
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::hasSoftwareEffect() const
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEffects.size(); i++) {
+        if (mEffects[i]->isImplementationSoftware()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+// isCompatibleWithThread_l() must be called with thread->mLock held
+bool AudioFlinger::EffectChain::isCompatibleWithThread_l(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread) const
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEffects.size(); i++) {
+        if (thread->checkEffectCompatibility_l(&(mEffects[i]->desc()), mSessionId) != NO_ERROR) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Effects.h b/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
index bc9bc94..3b62652 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Effects.h
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@
     void             unlock() { mLock.unlock(); }
     bool             isOffloadable() const
                         { return (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_OFFLOAD_SUPPORTED) != 0; }
+    bool             isImplementationSoftware() const
+                        { return (mDescriptor.flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_MASK) == 0; }
     status_t         setOffloaded(bool offloaded, audio_io_handle_t io);
     bool             isOffloaded() const;
     void             addEffectToHal_l();
@@ -330,6 +332,11 @@
 
     void syncHalEffectsState();
 
+    bool hasSoftwareEffect() const;
+
+    // isCompatibleWithThread_l() must be called with thread->mLock held
+    bool isCompatibleWithThread_l(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread) const;
+
     void dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
 
 protected:
@@ -361,30 +368,30 @@
 
     void setThread(const sp<ThreadBase>& thread);
 
-    wp<ThreadBase> mThread;     // parent mixer thread
-    Mutex mLock;                // mutex protecting effect list
-    Vector< sp<EffectModule> > mEffects; // list of effect modules
-    audio_session_t mSessionId; // audio session ID
-    int16_t *mInBuffer;         // chain input buffer
-    int16_t *mOutBuffer;        // chain output buffer
+             wp<ThreadBase> mThread;     // parent mixer thread
+    mutable  Mutex mLock;        // mutex protecting effect list
+             Vector< sp<EffectModule> > mEffects; // list of effect modules
+             audio_session_t mSessionId; // audio session ID
+             int16_t *mInBuffer;         // chain input buffer
+             int16_t *mOutBuffer;        // chain output buffer
 
     // 'volatile' here means these are accessed with atomic operations instead of mutex
     volatile int32_t mActiveTrackCnt;    // number of active tracks connected
     volatile int32_t mTrackCnt;          // number of tracks connected
 
-    int32_t mTailBufferCount;   // current effect tail buffer count
-    int32_t mMaxTailBuffers;    // maximum effect tail buffers
-    bool mOwnInBuffer;          // true if the chain owns its input buffer
-    int mVolumeCtrlIdx;         // index of insert effect having control over volume
-    uint32_t mLeftVolume;       // previous volume on left channel
-    uint32_t mRightVolume;      // previous volume on right channel
-    uint32_t mNewLeftVolume;       // new volume on left channel
-    uint32_t mNewRightVolume;      // new volume on right channel
-    uint32_t mStrategy; // strategy for this effect chain
-    // mSuspendedEffects lists all effects currently suspended in the chain.
-    // Use effect type UUID timelow field as key. There is no real risk of identical
-    // timeLow fields among effect type UUIDs.
-    // Updated by updateSuspendedSessions_l() only.
-    KeyedVector< int, sp<SuspendedEffectDesc> > mSuspendedEffects;
+             int32_t mTailBufferCount;   // current effect tail buffer count
+             int32_t mMaxTailBuffers;    // maximum effect tail buffers
+             bool mOwnInBuffer;          // true if the chain owns its input buffer
+             int mVolumeCtrlIdx;         // index of insert effect having control over volume
+             uint32_t mLeftVolume;       // previous volume on left channel
+             uint32_t mRightVolume;      // previous volume on right channel
+             uint32_t mNewLeftVolume;       // new volume on left channel
+             uint32_t mNewRightVolume;      // new volume on right channel
+             uint32_t mStrategy; // strategy for this effect chain
+             // mSuspendedEffects lists all effects currently suspended in the chain.
+             // Use effect type UUID timelow field as key. There is no real risk of identical
+             // timeLow fields among effect type UUIDs.
+             // Updated by updateSuspendedSessions_l() only.
+             KeyedVector< int, sp<SuspendedEffectDesc> > mSuspendedEffects;
     volatile int32_t mForceVolume; // force next volume command because a new effect was enabled
 };
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/FastCapture.cpp b/services/audioflinger/FastCapture.cpp
index d202169..873a9ad 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/FastCapture.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/FastCapture.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 /*static*/ const FastCaptureState FastCapture::sInitial;
 
-FastCapture::FastCapture() : FastThread(),
+FastCapture::FastCapture() : FastThread("cycleC_ms", "loadC_us"),
     mInputSource(NULL), mInputSourceGen(0), mPipeSink(NULL), mPipeSinkGen(0),
     mReadBuffer(NULL), mReadBufferState(-1), mFormat(Format_Invalid), mSampleRate(0),
     // mDummyDumpState
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/FastMixer.cpp b/services/audioflinger/FastMixer.cpp
index 01f3939..b0780a4 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/FastMixer.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/FastMixer.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 
 /*static*/ const FastMixerState FastMixer::sInitial;
 
-FastMixer::FastMixer() : FastThread(),
+FastMixer::FastMixer() : FastThread("cycle_ms", "load_us"),
     // mFastTrackNames
     // mGenerations
     mOutputSink(NULL),
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/FastThread.cpp b/services/audioflinger/FastThread.cpp
index 5ca579b..8da54b0 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/FastThread.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/FastThread.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-FastThread::FastThread() : Thread(false /*canCallJava*/),
+FastThread::FastThread(const char *cycleMs, const char *loadUs) : Thread(false /*canCallJava*/),
     // re-initialized to &sInitial by subclass constructor
     mPrevious(NULL), mCurrent(NULL),
     /* mOldTs({0, 0}), */
@@ -72,11 +72,15 @@
     frameCount(0),
 #endif
     mAttemptedWrite(false)
+    // mCycleMs(cycleMs)
+    // mLoadUs(loadUs)
 {
     mOldTs.tv_sec = 0;
     mOldTs.tv_nsec = 0;
     mMeasuredWarmupTs.tv_sec = 0;
     mMeasuredWarmupTs.tv_nsec = 0;
+    strlcpy(mCycleMs, cycleMs, sizeof(mCycleMs));
+    strlcpy(mLoadUs, loadUs, sizeof(mLoadUs));
 }
 
 FastThread::~FastThread()
@@ -336,8 +340,8 @@
                     // this store #4 is not atomic with respect to stores #1, #2, #3 above, but
                     // the newest open & oldest closed halves are atomic with respect to each other
                     mDumpState->mBounds = mBounds;
-                    ATRACE_INT("cycle_ms", monotonicNs / 1000000);
-                    ATRACE_INT("load_us", loadNs / 1000);
+                    ATRACE_INT(mCycleMs, monotonicNs / 1000000);
+                    ATRACE_INT(mLoadUs, loadNs / 1000);
                 }
 #endif
             } else {
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/FastThread.h b/services/audioflinger/FastThread.h
index 2efb6de..816b666 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/FastThread.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/FastThread.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 class FastThread : public Thread {
 
 public:
-            FastThread();
+            FastThread(const char *cycleMs, const char *loadUs);
     virtual ~FastThread();
 
 private:
@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@
     FastThreadState::Command mCommand;
     bool            mAttemptedWrite;
 
+    char            mCycleMs[16];   // cycle_ms + suffix
+    char            mLoadUs[16];    // load_us + suffix
+
 };  // class FastThread
 
 }   // android
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
index f8671b5..bee17fd 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.cpp
@@ -168,12 +168,46 @@
                 ALOGV("createAudioPatch() removing patch handle %d", *handle);
                 halHandle = mPatches[index]->mHalHandle;
                 Patch *removedPatch = mPatches[index];
+                // free resources owned by the removed patch if applicable
+                // 1) if a software patch is present, release the playback and capture threads and
+                // tracks created. This will also release the corresponding audio HAL patches
                 if ((removedPatch->mRecordPatchHandle
                         != AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE) ||
                         (removedPatch->mPlaybackPatchHandle !=
                                 AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE)) {
                     clearPatchConnections(removedPatch);
                 }
+                // 2) if the new patch and old patch source or sink are devices from different
+                // hw modules,  clear the audio HAL patches now because they will not be updated
+                // by call to create_audio_patch() below which will happen on a different HW module
+                if (halHandle != AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE) {
+                    audio_module_handle_t hwModule = AUDIO_MODULE_HANDLE_NONE;
+                    if ((removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sources[0].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE) &&
+                        ((patch->sources[0].type != AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE) ||
+                          (removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sources[0].ext.device.hw_module !=
+                           patch->sources[0].ext.device.hw_module))) {
+                        hwModule = removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sources[0].ext.device.hw_module;
+                    } else if ((patch->num_sinks == 0) ||
+                            ((removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sinks[0].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE) &&
+                             ((patch->sinks[0].type != AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE) ||
+                              (removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.device.hw_module !=
+                               patch->sinks[0].ext.device.hw_module)))) {
+                        // Note on (patch->num_sinks == 0): this situation should not happen as
+                        // these special patches are only created by the policy manager but just
+                        // in case, systematically clear the HAL patch.
+                        // Note that removedPatch->mAudioPatch.num_sinks cannot be 0 here because
+                        // halHandle would be AUDIO_PATCH_HANDLE_NONE in this case.
+                        hwModule = removedPatch->mAudioPatch.sinks[0].ext.device.hw_module;
+                    }
+                    if (hwModule != AUDIO_MODULE_HANDLE_NONE) {
+                        ssize_t index = audioflinger->mAudioHwDevs.indexOfKey(hwModule);
+                        if (index >= 0) {
+                            audio_hw_device_t *hwDevice =
+                                    audioflinger->mAudioHwDevs.valueAt(index)->hwDevice();
+                            hwDevice->release_audio_patch(hwDevice, halHandle);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
                 mPatches.removeAt(index);
                 delete removedPatch;
                 break;
@@ -437,7 +471,7 @@
                                              format,
                                              frameCount,
                                              NULL,
-                                             IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DEFAULT);
+                                             AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE);
     if (patch->mPatchRecord == 0) {
         return NO_MEMORY;
     }
@@ -457,7 +491,7 @@
                                            format,
                                            frameCount,
                                            patch->mPatchRecord->buffer(),
-                                           IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DEFAULT);
+                                           AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE);
     if (patch->mPatchTrack == 0) {
         return NO_MEMORY;
     }
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
index e31179c..16ec278 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PatchPanel.h
@@ -62,12 +62,24 @@
 
         struct audio_patch              mAudioPatch;
         audio_patch_handle_t            mHandle;
+        // handle for audio HAL patch handle present only when the audio HAL version is >= 3.0
         audio_patch_handle_t            mHalHandle;
+        // below members are used by a software audio patch connecting a source device from a
+        // given audio HW module to a sink device on an other audio HW module.
+        // playback thread created by createAudioPatch() and released by clearPatchConnections() if
+        // no existing playback thread can be used by the software patch
         sp<PlaybackThread>              mPlaybackThread;
+        // audio track created by createPatchConnections() and released by clearPatchConnections()
         sp<PlaybackThread::PatchTrack>  mPatchTrack;
+        // record thread created by createAudioPatch() and released by clearPatchConnections()
         sp<RecordThread>                mRecordThread;
+        // audio record created by createPatchConnections() and released by clearPatchConnections()
         sp<RecordThread::PatchRecord>   mPatchRecord;
+        // handle for audio patch connecting source device to record thread input.
+        // created by createPatchConnections() and released by clearPatchConnections()
         audio_patch_handle_t            mRecordPatchHandle;
+        // handle for audio patch connecting playback thread output to sink device
+        // created by createPatchConnections() and released by clearPatchConnections()
         audio_patch_handle_t            mPlaybackPatchHandle;
 
     };
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h b/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
index 270e27f..5601bde 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
                                 const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
                                 audio_session_t sessionId,
                                 int uid,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
+                                audio_output_flags_t flags,
                                 track_type type);
     virtual             ~Track();
     virtual status_t    initCheck() const;
@@ -55,8 +55,9 @@
             audio_stream_type_t streamType() const {
                 return mStreamType;
             }
-            bool        isOffloaded() const { return (mFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_OFFLOAD) != 0; }
-            bool        isDirect() const { return (mFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DIRECT) != 0; }
+            bool        isOffloaded() const
+                                { return (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD) != 0; }
+            bool        isDirect() const { return (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) != 0; }
             status_t    setParameters(const String8& keyValuePairs);
             status_t    attachAuxEffect(int EffectId);
             void        setAuxBuffer(int EffectId, int32_t *buffer);
@@ -72,6 +73,8 @@
 
     virtual status_t    setSyncEvent(const sp<SyncEvent>& event);
 
+    virtual bool        isFastTrack() const { return (mFlags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) != 0; }
+
 protected:
     // for numerous
     friend class PlaybackThread;
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@
     AudioTrackServerProxy*  mAudioTrackServerProxy;
     bool                mResumeToStopping; // track was paused in stopping state.
     bool                mFlushHwPending; // track requests for thread flush
-
+    audio_output_flags_t mFlags;
 };  // end of Track
 
 
@@ -226,7 +229,7 @@
                                    audio_format_t format,
                                    size_t frameCount,
                                    void *buffer,
-                                   IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags);
+                                   audio_output_flags_t flags);
     virtual             ~PatchTrack();
 
     virtual status_t    start(AudioSystem::sync_event_t event =
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h b/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
index 13396a6..123e033 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/RecordTracks.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
                                 void *buffer,
                                 audio_session_t sessionId,
                                 int uid,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
+                                audio_input_flags_t flags,
                                 track_type type);
     virtual             ~RecordTrack();
     virtual status_t    initCheck() const;
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@
                                              int64_t sourceFramesRead,
                                              uint32_t halSampleRate,
                                              const ExtendedTimestamp &timestamp);
+
+    virtual bool        isFastTrack() const { return (mFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) != 0; }
+
 private:
     friend class AudioFlinger;  // for mState
 
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@
 
             // used by the record thread to convert frames to proper destination format
             RecordBufferConverter              *mRecordBufferConverter;
+            audio_input_flags_t                mFlags;
 };
 
 // playback track, used by PatchPanel
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@
                 audio_format_t format,
                 size_t frameCount,
                 void *buffer,
-                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags);
+                audio_input_flags_t flags);
     virtual             ~PatchRecord();
 
     // AudioBufferProvider interface
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
index 3759424..9169941 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.cpp
@@ -1256,6 +1256,133 @@
     }
 }
 
+// checkEffectCompatibility_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
+status_t AudioFlinger::RecordThread::checkEffectCompatibility_l(
+        const effect_descriptor_t *desc, audio_session_t sessionId)
+{
+    // No global effect sessions on record threads
+    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX || sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) {
+        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on record thread %s",
+                desc->name, mThreadName);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    // only pre processing effects on record thread
+    if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) != EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC) {
+        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): non pre processing effect %s on record thread %s",
+                desc->name, mThreadName);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+    audio_input_flags_t flags = mInput->flags;
+    if (hasFastCapture() || (flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST)) {
+        if (flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): effect %s on record thread %s in raw mode",
+                  desc->name, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL) == 0) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): non HW effect %s on record thread %s in fast mode",
+                  desc->name, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+    }
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+// checkEffectCompatibility_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
+status_t AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::checkEffectCompatibility_l(
+        const effect_descriptor_t *desc, audio_session_t sessionId)
+{
+    // no preprocessing on playback threads
+    if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC) {
+        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): pre processing effect %s created on playback"
+                " thread %s", desc->name, mThreadName);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    switch (mType) {
+    case MIXER: {
+        // Reject any effect on mixer multichannel sinks.
+        // TODO: fix both format and multichannel issues with effects.
+        if (mChannelCount != FCC_2) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): effect %s for multichannel(%d) on MIXER"
+                    " thread %s", desc->name, mChannelCount, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        audio_output_flags_t flags = mOutput->flags;
+        if (hasFastMixer() || (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST)) {
+            if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
+                // global effects are applied only to non fast tracks if they are SW
+                if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL) == 0) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            } else if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) {
+                // only post processing on output stage session
+                if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) != EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
+                    ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): non post processing effect %s not allowed"
+                            " on output stage session", desc->name);
+                    return BAD_VALUE;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // no restriction on effects applied on non fast tracks
+                if ((hasAudioSession_l(sessionId) & ThreadBase::FAST_SESSION) == 0) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW) {
+                ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): effect %s on playback thread in raw mode",
+                      desc->name);
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+            if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL) == 0) {
+                ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): non HW effect %s on playback thread"
+                        " in fast mode", desc->name);
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+        }
+    } break;
+    case OFFLOAD:
+        // nothing actionable on offload threads, if the effect:
+        //   - is offloadable: the effect can be created
+        //   - is NOT offloadable: the effect should still be created, but EffectHandle::enable()
+        //     will take care of invalidating the tracks of the thread
+        break;
+    case DIRECT:
+        // Reject any effect on Direct output threads for now, since the format of
+        // mSinkBuffer is not guaranteed to be compatible with effect processing (PCM 16 stereo).
+        ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): effect %s on DIRECT output thread %s",
+                desc->name, mThreadName);
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    case DUPLICATING:
+        // Reject any effect on mixer multichannel sinks.
+        // TODO: fix both format and multichannel issues with effects.
+        if (mChannelCount != FCC_2) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): effect %s for multichannel(%d)"
+                    " on DUPLICATING thread %s", desc->name, mChannelCount, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        if ((sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE) || (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX)) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): global effect %s on DUPLICATING"
+                    " thread %s", desc->name, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_POST_PROC) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): post processing effect %s on"
+                    " DUPLICATING thread %s", desc->name, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        if ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_HW_ACC_TUNNEL) != 0) {
+            ALOGW("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): HW tunneled effect %s on"
+                    " DUPLICATING thread %s", desc->name, mThreadName);
+            return BAD_VALUE;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("checkEffectCompatibility_l(): wrong thread type %d", mType);
+    }
+
+    return NO_ERROR;
+}
+
 // ThreadBase::createEffect_l() must be called with AudioFlinger::mLock held
 sp<AudioFlinger::EffectHandle> AudioFlinger::ThreadBase::createEffect_l(
         const sp<AudioFlinger::Client>& client,
@@ -1280,54 +1407,16 @@
         goto Exit;
     }
 
-    // Reject any effect on Direct output threads for now, since the format of
-    // mSinkBuffer is not guaranteed to be compatible with effect processing (PCM 16 stereo).
-    if (mType == DIRECT) {
-        ALOGW("createEffect_l() Cannot add effect %s on Direct output type thread %s",
-                desc->name, mThreadName);
-        lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
-        goto Exit;
-    }
-
-    // Reject any effect on mixer or duplicating multichannel sinks.
-    // TODO: fix both format and multichannel issues with effects.
-    if ((mType == MIXER || mType == DUPLICATING) && mChannelCount != FCC_2) {
-        ALOGW("createEffect_l() Cannot add effect %s for multichannel(%d) %s threads",
-                desc->name, mChannelCount, mType == MIXER ? "MIXER" : "DUPLICATING");
-        lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
-        goto Exit;
-    }
-
-    // Allow global effects only on offloaded and mixer threads
-    if (sessionId == AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX) {
-        switch (mType) {
-        case MIXER:
-        case OFFLOAD:
-            break;
-        case DIRECT:
-        case DUPLICATING:
-        case RECORD:
-        default:
-            ALOGW("createEffect_l() Cannot add global effect %s on thread %s",
-                    desc->name, mThreadName);
-            lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
-            goto Exit;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Only Pre processor effects are allowed on input threads and only on input threads
-    if ((mType == RECORD) != ((desc->flags & EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_MASK) == EFFECT_FLAG_TYPE_PRE_PROC)) {
-        ALOGW("createEffect_l() effect %s (flags %08x) created on wrong thread type %d",
-                desc->name, desc->flags, mType);
-        lStatus = BAD_VALUE;
-        goto Exit;
-    }
-
     ALOGV("createEffect_l() thread %p effect %s on session %d", this, desc->name, sessionId);
 
     { // scope for mLock
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
 
+        lStatus = checkEffectCompatibility_l(desc, sessionId);
+        if (lStatus != NO_ERROR) {
+            goto Exit;
+        }
+
         // check for existing effect chain with the requested audio session
         chain = getEffectChain_l(sessionId);
         if (chain == 0) {
@@ -1753,7 +1842,7 @@
         size_t *pFrameCount,
         const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
         audio_session_t sessionId,
-        IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+        audio_output_flags_t *flags,
         pid_t tid,
         int uid,
         status_t *status)
@@ -1761,9 +1850,22 @@
     size_t frameCount = *pFrameCount;
     sp<Track> track;
     status_t lStatus;
+    audio_output_flags_t outputFlags = mOutput->flags;
+
+    // special case for FAST flag considered OK if fast mixer is present
+    if (hasFastMixer()) {
+        outputFlags = (audio_output_flags_t)(outputFlags | AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST);
+    }
+
+    // Check if requested flags are compatible with output stream flags
+    if ((*flags & outputFlags) != *flags) {
+        ALOGW("createTrack_l(): mismatch between requested flags (%08x) and output flags (%08x)",
+              *flags, outputFlags);
+        *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & outputFlags);
+    }
 
     // client expresses a preference for FAST, but we get the final say
-    if (*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+    if (*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
       if (
             // PCM data
             audio_is_linear_pcm(format) &&
@@ -1791,8 +1893,44 @@
             }
             frameCount = max(frameCount, mFrameCount * sFastTrackMultiplier); // incl framecount 0
         }
-        ALOGV("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST accepted: frameCount=%zu mFrameCount=%zu",
-                frameCount, mFrameCount);
+
+        // check compatibility with audio effects.
+        { // scope for mLock
+            Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+            // do not accept RAW flag if post processing are present. Note that post processing on
+            // a fast mixer are necessarily hardware
+            sp<EffectChain> chain = getEffectChain_l(AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_STAGE);
+            if (chain != 0) {
+                ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW) != 0,
+                        "AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW denied: post processing effect present");
+                *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW);
+            }
+            // Do not accept FAST flag if software global effects are present
+            chain = getEffectChain_l(AUDIO_SESSION_OUTPUT_MIX);
+            if (chain != 0) {
+                ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW) != 0,
+                        "AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW denied: global effect present");
+                *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW);
+                if (chain->hasSoftwareEffect()) {
+                    ALOGV("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST denied: software global effect present");
+                    *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST);
+                }
+            }
+            // Do not accept FAST flag if the session has software effects
+            chain = getEffectChain_l(sessionId);
+            if (chain != 0) {
+                ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW) != 0,
+                        "AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW denied: effect present on session");
+                *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_RAW);
+                if (chain->hasSoftwareEffect()) {
+                    ALOGV("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST denied: software effect present on session");
+                    *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) != 0,
+                 "AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST accepted: frameCount=%zu mFrameCount=%zu",
+                 frameCount, mFrameCount);
       } else {
         ALOGV("AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST denied: sharedBuffer=%p frameCount=%zu "
                 "mFrameCount=%zu format=%#x mFormat=%#x isLinear=%d channelMask=%#x "
@@ -1801,7 +1939,7 @@
                 sharedBuffer.get(), frameCount, mFrameCount, format, mFormat,
                 audio_is_linear_pcm(format),
                 channelMask, sampleRate, mSampleRate, hasFastMixer(), tid, mFastTrackAvailMask);
-        *flags &= ~IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST;
+        *flags = (audio_output_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST);
       }
     }
     // For normal PCM streaming tracks, update minimum frame count.
@@ -1809,7 +1947,7 @@
     // to be at least 2 x the normal mixer frame count and cover audio hardware latency.
     // This is probably too conservative, but legacy application code may depend on it.
     // If you change this calculation, also review the start threshold which is related.
-    if (!(*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST)
+    if (!(*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST)
             && audio_has_proportional_frames(format) && sharedBuffer == 0) {
         // this must match AudioTrack.cpp calculateMinFrameCount().
         // TODO: Move to a common library
@@ -1917,7 +2055,7 @@
             chain->incTrackCnt();
         }
 
-        if ((*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) && (tid != -1)) {
+        if ((*flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) && (tid != -1)) {
             pid_t callingPid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
             // we don't have CAP_SYS_NICE, nor do we want to have it as it's too powerful,
             // so ask activity manager to do this on our behalf
@@ -2161,6 +2299,12 @@
     mCallbackThread->resetDraining();
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::errorCallback()
+{
+    ALOG_ASSERT(mCallbackThread != 0);
+    mCallbackThread->setAsyncError();
+}
+
 void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::resetWriteBlocked(uint32_t sequence)
 {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
@@ -2195,6 +2339,9 @@
     case STREAM_CBK_EVENT_DRAIN_READY:
         me->drainCallback();
         break;
+    case STREAM_CBK_EVENT_ERROR:
+        me->errorCallback();
+        break;
     default:
         ALOGW("asyncCallback() unknown event %d", event);
         break;
@@ -2285,6 +2432,7 @@
             kUseFastMixer == FastMixer_Dynamic)) {
         size_t minNormalFrameCount = (kMinNormalSinkBufferSizeMs * mSampleRate) / 1000;
         size_t maxNormalFrameCount = (kMaxNormalSinkBufferSizeMs * mSampleRate) / 1000;
+
         // round up minimum and round down maximum to nearest 16 frames to satisfy AudioMixer
         minNormalFrameCount = (minNormalFrameCount + 15) & ~15;
         maxNormalFrameCount = maxNormalFrameCount & ~15;
@@ -2301,18 +2449,7 @@
                 multiplier = (double) maxNormalFrameCount / (double) mFrameCount;
             }
         } else {
-            // prefer an even multiplier, for compatibility with doubling of fast tracks due to HAL
-            // SRC (it would be unusual for the normal sink buffer size to not be a multiple of fast
-            // track, but we sometimes have to do this to satisfy the maximum frame count
-            // constraint)
-            // FIXME this rounding up should not be done if no HAL SRC
-            uint32_t truncMult = (uint32_t) multiplier;
-            if ((truncMult & 1)) {
-                if ((truncMult + 1) * mFrameCount <= maxNormalFrameCount) {
-                    ++truncMult;
-                }
-            }
-            multiplier = (double) truncMult;
+            multiplier = floor(multiplier);
         }
     }
     mNormalFrameCount = multiplier * mFrameCount;
@@ -2397,9 +2534,9 @@
     }
 }
 
-uint32_t AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const
+// hasAudioSession_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::hasAudioSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId) const
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     uint32_t result = 0;
     if (getEffectChain_l(sessionId) != 0) {
         result = EFFECT_SESSION;
@@ -2409,6 +2546,9 @@
         sp<Track> track = mTracks[i];
         if (sessionId == track->sessionId() && !track->isInvalid()) {
             result |= TRACK_SESSION;
+            if (track->isFastTrack()) {
+                result |= FAST_SESSION;
+            }
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -2910,7 +3050,7 @@
                 if (timestamp.mTimeNs[ExtendedTimestamp::LOCATION_KERNEL] >= 0) {
                     kernelLocationUpdate = true;
                 } else {
-                    ALOGV("getTimestamp error - no valid kernel position");
+                    ALOGVV("getTimestamp error - no valid kernel position");
                 }
 
                 // copy over kernel info
@@ -3175,6 +3315,11 @@
                         // (1) mixer threads without a fast mixer (which has its own warm-up)
                         // (2) minimum buffer sized tracks (even if the track is full,
                         //     the app won't fill fast enough to handle the sudden draw).
+                        //
+                        // Total time spent in last processing cycle equals time spent in
+                        // 1. threadLoop_write, as well as time spent in
+                        // 2. threadLoop_mix (significant for heavy mixing, especially
+                        //                    on low tier processors)
 
                         // it's OK if deltaMs is an overestimate.
                         const int32_t deltaMs =
@@ -3188,6 +3333,9 @@
                                     " ret(%zd) deltaMs(%d) requires sleep %d ms",
                                     this, ret, deltaMs, throttleMs);
                             mThreadThrottleTimeMs += throttleMs;
+                            // Throttle must be attributed to the previous mixer loop's write time
+                            // to allow back-to-back throttling.
+                            lastWriteFinished += throttleMs * 1000000;
                         } else {
                             uint32_t diff = mThreadThrottleTimeMs - mThreadThrottleEndMs;
                             if (diff > 0) {
@@ -3765,6 +3913,13 @@
     broadcast_l();
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::onAsyncError()
+{
+    for (int i = AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM; i < (int)AUDIO_STREAM_CNT; i++) {
+        invalidateTracks((audio_stream_type_t)i);
+    }
+}
+
 void AudioFlinger::MixerThread::threadLoop_mix()
 {
     // mix buffers...
@@ -4723,9 +4878,12 @@
             }
         } else if (track->isResumePending()) {
             track->resumeAck();
-            if (last && mHwPaused) {
-                doHwResume = true;
-                mHwPaused = false;
+            if (last) {
+                mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+                if (mHwPaused) {
+                    doHwResume = true;
+                    mHwPaused = false;
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -4751,8 +4909,10 @@
 
             if (track->mFillingUpStatus == Track::FS_FILLED) {
                 track->mFillingUpStatus = Track::FS_ACTIVE;
-                // make sure processVolume_l() will apply new volume even if 0
-                mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+                if (last) {
+                    // make sure processVolume_l() will apply new volume even if 0
+                    mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+                }
                 if (!mHwSupportsPause) {
                     track->resumeAck();
                 }
@@ -5081,7 +5241,8 @@
     :   Thread(false /*canCallJava*/),
         mPlaybackThread(playbackThread),
         mWriteAckSequence(0),
-        mDrainSequence(0)
+        mDrainSequence(0),
+        mAsyncError(false)
 {
 }
 
@@ -5099,11 +5260,13 @@
     while (!exitPending()) {
         uint32_t writeAckSequence;
         uint32_t drainSequence;
+        bool asyncError;
 
         {
             Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
             while (!((mWriteAckSequence & 1) ||
                      (mDrainSequence & 1) ||
+                     mAsyncError ||
                      exitPending())) {
                 mWaitWorkCV.wait(mLock);
             }
@@ -5117,6 +5280,8 @@
             mWriteAckSequence &= ~1;
             drainSequence = mDrainSequence;
             mDrainSequence &= ~1;
+            asyncError = mAsyncError;
+            mAsyncError = false;
         }
         {
             sp<AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread> playbackThread = mPlaybackThread.promote();
@@ -5127,6 +5292,9 @@
                 if (drainSequence & 1) {
                     playbackThread->resetDraining(drainSequence >> 1);
                 }
+                if (asyncError) {
+                    playbackThread->onAsyncError();
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -5175,6 +5343,13 @@
     }
 }
 
+void AudioFlinger::AsyncCallbackThread::setAsyncError()
+{
+    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    mAsyncError = true;
+    mWaitWorkCV.signal();
+}
+
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 AudioFlinger::OffloadThread::OffloadThread(const sp<AudioFlinger>& audioFlinger,
@@ -5290,6 +5465,8 @@
                 // enable write to audio HAL
                 mSleepTimeUs = 0;
 
+                mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+
                 // Do not handle new data in this iteration even if track->framesReady()
                 mixerStatus = MIXER_TRACKS_ENABLED;
             }
@@ -5298,8 +5475,10 @@
             ALOGVV("OffloadThread: track %d s=%08x [OK]", track->name(), cblk->mServer);
             if (track->mFillingUpStatus == Track::FS_FILLED) {
                 track->mFillingUpStatus = Track::FS_ACTIVE;
-                // make sure processVolume_l() will apply new volume even if 0
-                mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+                if (last) {
+                    // make sure processVolume_l() will apply new volume even if 0
+                    mLeftVolFloat = mRightVolFloat = -1.0;
+                }
             }
 
             if (last) {
@@ -5844,14 +6023,6 @@
     for (;;) {
         Vector< sp<EffectChain> > effectChains;
 
-        // sleep with mutex unlocked
-        if (sleepUs > 0) {
-            ATRACE_BEGIN("sleep");
-            usleep(sleepUs);
-            ATRACE_END();
-            sleepUs = 0;
-        }
-
         // activeTracks accumulates a copy of a subset of mActiveTracks
         Vector< sp<RecordTrack> > activeTracks;
 
@@ -5872,6 +6043,15 @@
                 break;
             }
 
+            // sleep with mutex unlocked
+            if (sleepUs > 0) {
+                ATRACE_BEGIN("sleepC");
+                mWaitWorkCV.waitRelative(mLock, microseconds((nsecs_t)sleepUs));
+                ATRACE_END();
+                sleepUs = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+
             // if no active track(s), then standby and release wakelock
             size_t size = mActiveTracks.size();
             if (size == 0) {
@@ -5895,6 +6075,7 @@
             }
 
             bool doBroadcast = false;
+            bool allStopped = true;
             for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ) {
 
                 activeTrack = mActiveTracks[i];
@@ -5923,15 +6104,18 @@
                 case TrackBase::STARTING_1:
                     sleepUs = 10000;
                     i++;
+                    allStopped = false;
                     continue;
 
                 case TrackBase::STARTING_2:
                     doBroadcast = true;
                     mStandby = false;
                     activeTrack->mState = TrackBase::ACTIVE;
+                    allStopped = false;
                     break;
 
                 case TrackBase::ACTIVE:
+                    allStopped = false;
                     break;
 
                 case TrackBase::IDLE:
@@ -5951,6 +6135,10 @@
                     fastTrack = activeTrack;
                 }
             }
+
+            if (allStopped) {
+                standbyIfNotAlreadyInStandby();
+            }
             if (doBroadcast) {
                 mStartStopCond.broadcast();
             }
@@ -6282,16 +6470,30 @@
         audio_session_t sessionId,
         size_t *notificationFrames,
         int uid,
-        IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+        audio_input_flags_t *flags,
         pid_t tid,
         status_t *status)
 {
     size_t frameCount = *pFrameCount;
     sp<RecordTrack> track;
     status_t lStatus;
+    audio_input_flags_t inputFlags = mInput->flags;
+
+    // special case for FAST flag considered OK if fast capture is present
+    if (hasFastCapture()) {
+        inputFlags = (audio_input_flags_t)(inputFlags | AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST);
+    }
+
+    // Check if requested flags are compatible with output stream flags
+    if ((*flags & inputFlags) != *flags) {
+        ALOGW("createRecordTrack_l(): mismatch between requested flags (%08x) and"
+                " input flags (%08x)",
+              *flags, inputFlags);
+        *flags = (audio_input_flags_t)(*flags & inputFlags);
+    }
 
     // client expresses a preference for FAST, but we get the final say
-    if (*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+    if (*flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
       if (
             // we formerly checked for a callback handler (non-0 tid),
             // but that is no longer required for TRANSFER_OBTAIN mode
@@ -6311,8 +6513,22 @@
             // there are sufficient fast track slots available
             mFastTrackAvail
         ) {
-        ALOGV("AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST accepted: frameCount=%zu mFrameCount=%zu",
-                frameCount, mFrameCount);
+          // check compatibility with audio effects.
+          Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+          // Do not accept FAST flag if the session has software effects
+          sp<EffectChain> chain = getEffectChain_l(sessionId);
+          if (chain != 0) {
+              ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW) != 0,
+                      "AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW denied: effect present on session");
+              *flags = (audio_input_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW);
+              if (chain->hasSoftwareEffect()) {
+                  ALOGV("AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST denied: software effect present on session");
+                  *flags = (audio_input_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST);
+              }
+          }
+          ALOGV_IF((*flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) != 0,
+                   "AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST accepted: frameCount=%zu mFrameCount=%zu",
+                   frameCount, mFrameCount);
       } else {
         ALOGV("AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST denied: frameCount=%zu mFrameCount=%zu mPipeFramesP2=%zu "
                 "format=%#x isLinear=%d channelMask=%#x sampleRate=%u mSampleRate=%u "
@@ -6320,12 +6536,12 @@
                 frameCount, mFrameCount, mPipeFramesP2,
                 format, audio_is_linear_pcm(format), channelMask, sampleRate, mSampleRate,
                 hasFastCapture(), tid, mFastTrackAvail);
-        *flags &= ~IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST;
+        *flags = (audio_input_flags_t)(*flags & ~AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST);
       }
     }
 
     // compute track buffer size in frames, and suggest the notification frame count
-    if (*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+    if (*flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
         // fast track: frame count is exactly the pipe depth
         frameCount = mPipeFramesP2;
         // ignore requested notificationFrames, and always notify exactly once every HAL buffer
@@ -6381,7 +6597,7 @@
         setEffectSuspended_l(FX_IID_AEC, suspend, sessionId);
         setEffectSuspended_l(FX_IID_NS, suspend, sessionId);
 
-        if ((*flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) && (tid != -1)) {
+        if ((*flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) && (tid != -1)) {
             pid_t callingPid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
             // we don't have CAP_SYS_NICE, nor do we want to have it as it's too powerful,
             // so ask activity manager to do this on our behalf
@@ -6505,6 +6721,8 @@
     }
     // note that threadLoop may still be processing the track at this point [without lock]
     recordTrack->mState = TrackBase::PAUSING;
+    // signal thread to stop
+    mWaitWorkCV.broadcast();
     // do not wait for mStartStopCond if exiting
     if (exitPending()) {
         return true;
@@ -7202,9 +7420,9 @@
     return mInput->stream->get_input_frames_lost(mInput->stream);
 }
 
-uint32_t AudioFlinger::RecordThread::hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const
+// hasAudioSession_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
+uint32_t AudioFlinger::RecordThread::hasAudioSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId) const
 {
-    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     uint32_t result = 0;
     if (getEffectChain_l(sessionId) != 0) {
         result = EFFECT_SESSION;
@@ -7213,6 +7431,9 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mTracks.size(); ++i) {
         if (sessionId == mTracks[i]->sessionId()) {
             result |= TRACK_SESSION;
+            if (mTracks[i]->isFastTrack()) {
+                result |= FAST_SESSION;
+            }
             break;
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
index 787b5c4..2fd7eeb 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Threads.h
@@ -301,8 +301,10 @@
                 enum effect_state {
                     EFFECT_SESSION = 0x1,   // the audio session corresponds to at least one
                                             // effect
-                    TRACK_SESSION = 0x2     // the audio session corresponds to at least one
+                    TRACK_SESSION = 0x2,    // the audio session corresponds to at least one
                                             // track
+                    FAST_SESSION = 0x4      // the audio session corresponds to at least one
+                                            // fast track
                 };
 
                 // get effect chain corresponding to session Id.
@@ -335,9 +337,16 @@
                 void removeEffect_l(const sp< EffectModule>& effect);
                 // detach all tracks connected to an auxiliary effect
     virtual     void detachAuxEffect_l(int effectId __unused) {}
-                // returns either EFFECT_SESSION if effects on this audio session exist in one
-                // chain, or TRACK_SESSION if tracks on this audio session exist, or both
-                virtual uint32_t hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const = 0;
+                // returns a combination of:
+                // - EFFECT_SESSION if effects on this audio session exist in one chain
+                // - TRACK_SESSION if tracks on this audio session exist
+                // - FAST_SESSION if fast tracks on this audio session exist
+    virtual     uint32_t hasAudioSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId) const = 0;
+                uint32_t hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const {
+                    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+                    return hasAudioSession_l(sessionId);
+                }
+
                 // the value returned by default implementation is not important as the
                 // strategy is only meaningful for PlaybackThread which implements this method
                 virtual uint32_t getStrategyForSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId __unused)
@@ -374,6 +383,10 @@
 
                         void systemReady();
 
+                // checkEffectCompatibility_l() must be called with ThreadBase::mLock held
+                virtual status_t    checkEffectCompatibility_l(const effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+                                                               audio_session_t sessionId) = 0;
+
     mutable     Mutex                   mLock;
 
 protected:
@@ -506,6 +519,9 @@
     // RefBase
     virtual     void        onFirstRef();
 
+    virtual     status_t    checkEffectCompatibility_l(const effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+                                                       audio_session_t sessionId);
+
 protected:
     // Code snippets that were lifted up out of threadLoop()
     virtual     void        threadLoop_mix() = 0;
@@ -527,6 +543,7 @@
                 void        resetWriteBlocked(uint32_t sequence);
                 void        drainCallback();
                 void        resetDraining(uint32_t sequence);
+                void        errorCallback();
 
     static      int         asyncCallback(stream_callback_event_t event, void *param, void *cookie);
 
@@ -534,6 +551,7 @@
     virtual     bool        waitingAsyncCallback_l();
     virtual     bool        shouldStandby_l();
     virtual     void        onAddNewTrack_l();
+                void        onAsyncError(); // error reported by AsyncCallbackThread
 
     // ThreadBase virtuals
     virtual     void        preExit();
@@ -566,7 +584,7 @@
                                 size_t *pFrameCount,
                                 const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
                                 audio_session_t sessionId,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+                                audio_output_flags_t *flags,
                                 pid_t tid,
                                 int uid,
                                 status_t *status /*non-NULL*/);
@@ -605,7 +623,7 @@
 
                 virtual status_t addEffectChain_l(const sp<EffectChain>& chain);
                 virtual size_t removeEffectChain_l(const sp<EffectChain>& chain);
-                virtual uint32_t hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const;
+                virtual uint32_t hasAudioSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId) const;
                 virtual uint32_t getStrategyForSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId);
 
 
@@ -1028,6 +1046,7 @@
             void        resetWriteBlocked();
             void        setDraining(uint32_t sequence);
             void        resetDraining();
+            void        setAsyncError();
 
 private:
     const wp<PlaybackThread>   mPlaybackThread;
@@ -1041,6 +1060,7 @@
     uint32_t                   mDrainSequence;
     Condition                  mWaitWorkCV;
     Mutex                      mLock;
+    bool                       mAsyncError;
 };
 
 class DuplicatingThread : public MixerThread {
@@ -1258,7 +1278,7 @@
                     audio_session_t sessionId,
                     size_t *notificationFrames,
                     int uid,
-                    IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t *flags,
+                    audio_input_flags_t *flags,
                     pid_t tid,
                     status_t *status /*non-NULL*/);
 
@@ -1292,7 +1312,7 @@
 
     virtual status_t addEffectChain_l(const sp<EffectChain>& chain);
     virtual size_t removeEffectChain_l(const sp<EffectChain>& chain);
-    virtual uint32_t hasAudioSession(audio_session_t sessionId) const;
+    virtual uint32_t hasAudioSession_l(audio_session_t sessionId) const;
 
             // Return the set of unique session IDs across all tracks.
             // The keys are the session IDs, and the associated values are meaningless.
@@ -1308,6 +1328,9 @@
             bool        hasFastCapture() const { return mFastCapture != 0; }
     virtual void        getAudioPortConfig(struct audio_port_config *config);
 
+    virtual status_t    checkEffectCompatibility_l(const effect_descriptor_t *desc,
+                                                   audio_session_t sessionId);
+
 private:
             // Enter standby if not already in standby, and set mStandby flag
             void    standbyIfNotAlreadyInStandby();
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h b/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
index 67a5e58..6b97246 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/TrackBase.h
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@
                                 void *buffer,
                                 audio_session_t sessionId,
                                 int uid,
-                                IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
                                 bool isOut,
                                 alloc_type alloc = ALLOC_CBLK,
                                 track_type type = TYPE_DEFAULT);
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@
 
             sp<IMemory> getBuffers() const { return mBufferMemory; }
             void*       buffer() const { return mBuffer; }
-            bool        isFastTrack() const { return (mFlags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) != 0; }
+    virtual bool        isFastTrack() const = 0;
             bool        isOutputTrack() const { return (mType == TYPE_OUTPUT); }
             bool        isPatchTrack() const { return (mType == TYPE_PATCH); }
             bool        isExternalTrack() const { return !isOutputTrack() && !isPatchTrack(); }
@@ -156,7 +155,6 @@
     const audio_session_t mSessionId;
     int                 mUid;
     Vector < sp<SyncEvent> >mSyncEvents;
-    const IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t mFlags;
     const bool          mIsOut;
     ServerProxy*        mServerProxy;
     const int           mId;
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
index 364e339..b387af3 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@
             void *buffer,
             audio_session_t sessionId,
             int clientUid,
-            IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
             bool isOut,
             alloc_type alloc,
             track_type type)
@@ -93,7 +92,6 @@
                 mChannelCount * audio_bytes_per_sample(format) : sizeof(int8_t)),
         mFrameCount(frameCount),
         mSessionId(sessionId),
-        mFlags(flags),
         mIsOut(isOut),
         mServerProxy(NULL),
         mId(android_atomic_inc(&nextTrackId)),
@@ -345,11 +343,11 @@
             const sp<IMemory>& sharedBuffer,
             audio_session_t sessionId,
             int uid,
-            IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
+            audio_output_flags_t flags,
             track_type type)
     :   TrackBase(thread, client, sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
                   (sharedBuffer != 0) ? sharedBuffer->pointer() : buffer,
-                  sessionId, uid, flags, true /*isOut*/,
+                  sessionId, uid, true /*isOut*/,
                   (type == TYPE_PATCH) ? ( buffer == NULL ? ALLOC_LOCAL : ALLOC_NONE) : ALLOC_CBLK,
                   type),
     mFillingUpStatus(FS_INVALID),
@@ -368,7 +366,8 @@
     mIsInvalid(false),
     mAudioTrackServerProxy(NULL),
     mResumeToStopping(false),
-    mFlushHwPending(false)
+    mFlushHwPending(false),
+    mFlags(flags)
 {
     // client == 0 implies sharedBuffer == 0
     ALOG_ASSERT(!(client == 0 && sharedBuffer != 0));
@@ -395,7 +394,7 @@
         return;
     }
     // only allocate a fast track index if we were able to allocate a normal track name
-    if (flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+    if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
         // FIXME: Not calling framesReadyIsCalledByMultipleThreads() exposes a potential
         // race with setSyncEvent(). However, if we call it, we cannot properly start
         // static fast tracks (SoundPool) immediately after stopping.
@@ -1133,7 +1132,7 @@
             int uid)
     :   Track(playbackThread, NULL, AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH,
               sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
-              NULL, 0, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, uid, IAudioFlinger::TRACK_DEFAULT,
+              NULL, 0, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, uid, AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
               TYPE_OUTPUT),
     mActive(false), mSourceThread(sourceThread), mClientProxy(NULL)
 {
@@ -1329,7 +1328,7 @@
                                                      audio_format_t format,
                                                      size_t frameCount,
                                                      void *buffer,
-                                                     IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags)
+                                                     audio_output_flags_t flags)
     :   Track(playbackThread, NULL, streamType,
               sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
               buffer, 0, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getuid(), flags, TYPE_PATCH),
@@ -1468,19 +1467,19 @@
             void *buffer,
             audio_session_t sessionId,
             int uid,
-            IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags,
+            audio_input_flags_t flags,
             track_type type)
     :   TrackBase(thread, client, sampleRate, format,
-                  channelMask, frameCount, buffer, sessionId, uid,
-                  flags, false /*isOut*/,
+                  channelMask, frameCount, buffer, sessionId, uid, false /*isOut*/,
                   (type == TYPE_DEFAULT) ?
-                          ((flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) ? ALLOC_PIPE : ALLOC_CBLK) :
+                          ((flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) ? ALLOC_PIPE : ALLOC_CBLK) :
                           ((buffer == NULL) ? ALLOC_LOCAL : ALLOC_NONE),
                   type),
         mOverflow(false),
         mFramesToDrop(0),
         mResamplerBufferProvider(NULL), // initialize in case of early constructor exit
-        mRecordBufferConverter(NULL)
+        mRecordBufferConverter(NULL),
+        mFlags(flags)
 {
     if (mCblk == NULL) {
         return;
@@ -1505,7 +1504,7 @@
 
     mResamplerBufferProvider = new ResamplerBufferProvider(this);
 
-    if (flags & IAudioFlinger::TRACK_FAST) {
+    if (flags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_FAST) {
         ALOG_ASSERT(thread->mFastTrackAvail);
         thread->mFastTrackAvail = false;
     }
@@ -1664,7 +1663,7 @@
                                                      audio_format_t format,
                                                      size_t frameCount,
                                                      void *buffer,
-                                                     IAudioFlinger::track_flags_t flags)
+                                                     audio_input_flags_t flags)
     :   RecordTrack(recordThread, NULL, sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
                 buffer, AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getuid(), flags, TYPE_PATCH),
                 mProxy(new ClientProxy(mCblk, mBuffer, frameCount, mFrameSize, false, true))
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/Android.mk b/services/audiopolicy/Android.mk
index 8b45adc..c8e5148 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/Android.mk
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/Android.mk
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE:= libaudiopolicyservice
 
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -fvisibility=hidden
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror
 
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
@@ -102,6 +103,8 @@
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DUSE_XML_AUDIO_POLICY_CONF
 endif #ifeq ($(USE_XML_AUDIO_POLICY_CONF), 1)
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror
+
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := $(AUDIOSERVER_MULTILIB)
 
 LOCAL_MODULE:= libaudiopolicymanagerdefault
@@ -125,6 +128,8 @@
     $(TOPDIR)frameworks/av/services/audiopolicy/common/include \
     $(TOPDIR)frameworks/av/services/audiopolicy/engine/interface
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := $(AUDIOSERVER_MULTILIB)
 
 LOCAL_MODULE:= libaudiopolicymanager
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/Android.mk b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/Android.mk
index 3b4ae6b..d7da0ad 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/Android.mk
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/Android.mk
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
 
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := $(AUDIOSERVER_MULTILIB)
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
 LOCAL_MODULE := libaudiopolicycomponents
 
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/TypeConverter.h b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/TypeConverter.h
index b828f81..1612714 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/TypeConverter.h
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/include/TypeConverter.h
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@
 typedef TypeConverter<StreamTraits> StreamTypeConverter;
 typedef TypeConverter<DeviceCategoryTraits> DeviceCategoryConverter;
 
+inline
 static SampleRateTraits::Collection samplingRatesFromString(const std::string &samplingRates,
                                                             const char *del = "|")
 {
@@ -139,6 +140,7 @@
     return samplingRateCollection;
 }
 
+inline
 static FormatTraits::Collection formatsFromString(const std::string &formats, const char *del = "|")
 {
     FormatTraits::Collection formatCollection;
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@
     return formatCollection;
 }
 
+inline
 static audio_format_t formatFromString(const std::string &literalFormat)
 {
     audio_format_t format;
@@ -156,6 +159,7 @@
     return format;
 }
 
+inline
 static audio_channel_mask_t channelMaskFromString(const std::string &literalChannels)
 {
     audio_channel_mask_t channels;
@@ -166,6 +170,7 @@
     return channels;
 }
 
+inline
 static ChannelTraits::Collection channelMasksFromString(const std::string &channels,
                                                         const char *del = "|")
 {
@@ -176,6 +181,7 @@
     return channelMaskCollection;
 }
 
+inline
 static InputChannelTraits::Collection inputChannelMasksFromString(const std::string &inChannels,
                                                                   const char *del = "|")
 {
@@ -185,6 +191,7 @@
     return inputChannelMaskCollection;
 }
 
+inline
 static OutputChannelTraits::Collection outputChannelMasksFromString(const std::string &outChannels,
                                                                     const char *del = "|")
 {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/DeviceDescriptor.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/DeviceDescriptor.cpp
index 35f078e..50453ad 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/DeviceDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/DeviceDescriptor.cpp
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@
 
 ssize_t DeviceVector::remove(const sp<DeviceDescriptor>& item)
 {
-    size_t i;
     ssize_t ret = indexOf(item);
 
     if (ret < 0) {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/TypeConverter.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/TypeConverter.cpp
index f639551..48bfd79 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/TypeConverter.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/TypeConverter.cpp
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS_HD),
     MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_FORMAT_IEC61937),
+    MAKE_STRING_FROM_ENUM(AUDIO_FORMAT_DOLBY_TRUEHD),
 };
 template<>
 const size_t FormatConverter::mSize = sizeof(FormatConverter::mTable) /
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/VolumeCurve.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/VolumeCurve.cpp
index ab2b51f..14caf7c 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/VolumeCurve.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/common/managerdefinitions/src/VolumeCurve.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@
     // Where would this volume index been inserted in the curve point
     size_t indexInUiPosition = mCurvePoints.orderOf(CurvePoint(volIdx, 0));
     if (indexInUiPosition >= nbCurvePoints) {
-        return 0.0f; // out of bounds
+        //use last point of table
+        return mCurvePoints[nbCurvePoints - 1].mAttenuationInMb / 100.0f;
     }
     if (indexInUiPosition == 0) {
         if (indexInUiPosition != mCurvePoints[0].mIndex) {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
index 00fd05a..ff38df4 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/managerdefault/AudioPolicyManager.cpp
@@ -775,7 +775,6 @@
         const audio_offload_info_t *offloadInfo)
 {
     audio_io_handle_t output = AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
-    uint32_t latency = 0;
     status_t status;
 
 #ifdef AUDIO_POLICY_TEST
@@ -1192,7 +1191,7 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        uint32_t muteWaitMs = setOutputDevice(outputDesc, device, force, 0, NULL, address);
+        (void) /*uint32_t muteWaitMs*/ setOutputDevice(outputDesc, device, force, 0, NULL, address);
 
         // handle special case for sonification while in call
         if (isInCall()) {
@@ -1288,7 +1287,6 @@
             // force restoring the device selection on other active outputs if it differs from the
             // one being selected for this output
             for (size_t i = 0; i < mOutputs.size(); i++) {
-                audio_io_handle_t curOutput = mOutputs.keyAt(i);
                 sp<AudioOutputDescriptor> desc = mOutputs.valueAt(i);
                 if (desc != outputDesc &&
                         desc->isActive() &&
@@ -1488,6 +1486,8 @@
                                   profileFlags);
         if (profile != 0) {
             break; // success
+        } else if (profileFlags & AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW) {
+            profileFlags = (audio_input_flags_t) (profileFlags & ~AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_RAW); // retry
         } else if (profileFlags != AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE) {
             profileFlags = AUDIO_INPUT_FLAG_NONE; // retry
         } else { // fail
@@ -1793,7 +1793,7 @@
         ssize_t patch_index = mAudioPatches.indexOfKey(inputDesc->getPatchHandle());
         if (patch_index >= 0) {
             sp<AudioPatch> patchDesc = mAudioPatches.valueAt(patch_index);
-            status_t status = mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
+            (void) /*status_t status*/ mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
             mAudioPatches.removeItemsAt(patch_index);
             patchRemoved = true;
         }
@@ -2706,7 +2706,6 @@
                            true,
                            NULL);
         } else if (patch->sinks[0].type == AUDIO_PORT_TYPE_DEVICE) {
-            audio_patch_handle_t afPatchHandle = patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle;
             status_t status = mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
             ALOGV("releaseAudioPatch() patch panel returned %d patchHandle %d",
                                                               status, patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle);
@@ -3185,6 +3184,7 @@
     }
     mEngine->setObserver(this);
     status_t status = mEngine->initCheck();
+    (void) status;
     ALOG_ASSERT(status == NO_ERROR, "Policy engine not initialized(err=%d)", status);
 
     // mAvailableOutputDevices and mAvailableInputDevices now contain all attached devices
@@ -4064,7 +4064,7 @@
     ssize_t index = mAudioPatches.indexOfKey(outputDesc->getPatchHandle());
     if (index >= 0) {
         sp<AudioPatch> patchDesc = mAudioPatches.valueAt(index);
-        status_t status = mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
+        (void) /*status_t status*/ mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
         mAudioPatches.removeItemsAt(index);
         mpClientInterface->onAudioPatchListUpdate();
     }
@@ -4093,7 +4093,7 @@
     ssize_t index = mAudioPatches.indexOfKey(inputDesc->getPatchHandle());
     if (index >= 0) {
         sp<AudioPatch> patchDesc = mAudioPatches.valueAt(index);
-        status_t status = mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
+        (void) /*status_t status*/ mpClientInterface->releaseAudioPatch(patchDesc->mAfPatchHandle, 0);
         mAudioPatches.removeItemsAt(index);
         mpClientInterface->onAudioPatchListUpdate();
     }
@@ -4373,7 +4373,7 @@
         }
         routing_strategy curStrategy = getStrategy((audio_stream_type_t)curStream);
         audio_devices_t curDevices =
-                getDeviceForStrategy((routing_strategy)curStrategy, true /*fromCache*/);
+                getDeviceForStrategy((routing_strategy)curStrategy, false /*fromCache*/);
         SortedVector<audio_io_handle_t> outputs = getOutputsForDevice(curDevices, mOutputs);
         for (size_t i = 0; i < outputs.size(); i++) {
             sp<AudioOutputDescriptor> outputDesc = mOutputs.valueFor(outputs[i]);
@@ -5398,7 +5398,6 @@
                                              AudioProfileVector &profiles)
 {
     String8 reply;
-    char *value;
 
     // Format MUST be checked first to update the list of AudioProfile
     if (profiles.hasDynamicFormat()) {
diff --git a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
index a6cd50e..f6e24e4 100644
--- a/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
+++ b/services/audiopolicy/service/AudioPolicyService.cpp
@@ -52,9 +52,11 @@
 
 static const nsecs_t kAudioCommandTimeoutNs = seconds(3); // 3 seconds
 
+#ifdef USE_LEGACY_AUDIO_POLICY
 namespace {
     extern struct audio_policy_service_ops aps_ops;
 };
+#endif
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -66,11 +68,6 @@
 
 void AudioPolicyService::onFirstRef()
 {
-    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    const struct hw_module_t *module;
-    int forced_val;
-    int rc;
-
     {
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
 
@@ -85,7 +82,8 @@
         ALOGI("AudioPolicyService CSTOR in legacy mode");
 
         /* instantiate the audio policy manager */
-        rc = hw_get_module(AUDIO_POLICY_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, &module);
+        const struct hw_module_t *module;
+        int rc = hw_get_module(AUDIO_POLICY_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, &module);
         if (rc) {
             return;
         }
@@ -1198,6 +1196,7 @@
 int aps_set_voice_volume(void *service, float volume, int delay_ms);
 };
 
+#ifdef USE_LEGACY_AUDIO_POLICY
 namespace {
     struct audio_policy_service_ops aps_ops = {
         .open_output           = aps_open_output,
@@ -1220,5 +1219,6 @@
         .open_input_on_module  = aps_open_input_on_module,
     };
 }; // namespace <unnamed>
+#endif
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/Android.mk b/services/camera/libcameraservice/Android.mk
index ebe65e4..8d7f71c 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/Android.mk
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/Android.mk
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@
     device3/Camera3BufferManager.cpp \
     gui/RingBufferConsumer.cpp \
     utils/CameraTraces.cpp \
-    utils/AutoConditionLock.cpp
+    utils/AutoConditionLock.cpp \
+    utils/TagMonitor.cpp
 
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES:= \
     libui \
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
index ff73c28..4510d36 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp
@@ -911,8 +911,9 @@
 // Can camera service trust the caller based on the calling UID?
 static bool isTrustedCallingUid(uid_t uid) {
     switch (uid) {
-        case AID_MEDIA:         // mediaserver
+        case AID_MEDIA:        // mediaserver
         case AID_CAMERASERVER: // cameraserver
+        case AID_RADIO:        // telephony
             return true;
         default:
             return false;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
index c8e64fe..005dd69 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/Camera2Client.cpp
@@ -322,6 +322,9 @@
             p.fastInfo.bestStillCaptureFpsRange[0],
             p.fastInfo.bestStillCaptureFpsRange[1]);
 
+    result.appendFormat("    Use zero shutter lag: %s\n",
+            p.useZeroShutterLag() ? "yes" : "no");
+
     result.append("  Current streams:\n");
     result.appendFormat("    Preview stream ID: %d\n",
             getPreviewStreamId());
@@ -813,7 +816,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    if (params.zslMode && !params.recordingHint &&
+    if (params.useZeroShutterLag() &&
             getRecordingStreamId() == NO_STREAM) {
         res = updateProcessorStream(mZslProcessor, params);
         if (res != OK) {
@@ -1362,7 +1365,7 @@
 
             return OK;
         }
-        if (l.mParameters.zslMode) {
+        if (l.mParameters.allowZslMode) {
             mZslProcessor->clearZslQueue();
         }
     }
@@ -1460,7 +1463,7 @@
 
         // Clear ZSL buffer queue when Jpeg size is changed.
         bool jpegStreamChanged = mJpegProcessor->getStreamId() != lastJpegStreamId;
-        if (l.mParameters.zslMode && jpegStreamChanged) {
+        if (l.mParameters.allowZslMode && jpegStreamChanged) {
             ALOGV("%s: Camera %d: Clear ZSL buffer queue when Jpeg size is changed",
                     __FUNCTION__, mCameraId);
             mZslProcessor->clearZslQueue();
@@ -1495,7 +1498,7 @@
     if (res != OK) return res;
     Parameters::focusMode_t focusModeAfter = l.mParameters.focusMode;
 
-    if (l.mParameters.zslMode && focusModeAfter != focusModeBefore) {
+    if (l.mParameters.allowZslMode && focusModeAfter != focusModeBefore) {
         mZslProcessor->clearZslQueue();
     }
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/CaptureSequencer.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/CaptureSequencer.cpp
index e3d6906..05adb29 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/CaptureSequencer.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/CaptureSequencer.cpp
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
         return DONE;
     }
 
-    else if (l.mParameters.zslMode &&
+    else if (l.mParameters.useZeroShutterLag() &&
             l.mParameters.state == Parameters::STILL_CAPTURE &&
             l.mParameters.flashMode != Parameters::FLASH_MODE_ON) {
         nextState = ZSL_START;
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/JpegProcessor.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/JpegProcessor.cpp
index ffe96fc..d6d8dde 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/JpegProcessor.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/JpegProcessor.cpp
@@ -67,10 +67,15 @@
 }
 
 void JpegProcessor::onBufferReleased(const BufferInfo& bufferInfo) {
-    Mutex::Autolock l(mInputMutex);
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
-
     if (bufferInfo.mError) {
+        // Only lock in case of error, since we get one of these for each
+        // onFrameAvailable as well, and scheduling may delay this call late
+        // enough to run into later preview restart operations, for non-error
+        // cases.
+        // b/29524651
+        ALOGV("%s: JPEG buffer lost", __FUNCTION__);
+        Mutex::Autolock l(mInputMutex);
         mCaptureDone = true;
         mCaptureSuccess = false;
         mCaptureDoneSignal.signal();
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.cpp
index 5779176..9d5f33c 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.cpp
@@ -908,12 +908,12 @@
     property_get("camera.disable_zsl_mode", value, "0");
     if (!strcmp(value,"1") || slowJpegMode) {
         ALOGI("Camera %d: Disabling ZSL mode", cameraId);
-        zslMode = false;
+        allowZslMode = false;
     } else {
-        zslMode = true;
+        allowZslMode = true;
     }
 
-    ALOGI("%s: zslMode: %d slowJpegMode %d", __FUNCTION__, zslMode, slowJpegMode);
+    ALOGI("%s: allowZslMode: %d slowJpegMode %d", __FUNCTION__, allowZslMode, slowJpegMode);
 
     state = STOPPED;
 
@@ -1127,6 +1127,8 @@
     ALOGV("Camera %d: Flexible YUV %s supported",
             cameraId, fastInfo.useFlexibleYuv ? "is" : "is not");
 
+    fastInfo.maxJpegSize = getMaxSize(getAvailableJpegSizes());
+
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -2231,6 +2233,25 @@
     return pictureSizeOverriden;
 }
 
+bool Parameters::useZeroShutterLag() const {
+    // If ZSL mode is disabled, don't use it
+    if (!allowZslMode) return false;
+    // If recording hint is enabled, don't do ZSL
+    if (recordingHint) return false;
+    // If still capture size is no bigger than preview or video size,
+    // don't do ZSL
+    if (pictureWidth <= previewWidth || pictureHeight <= previewHeight ||
+            pictureWidth <= videoWidth || pictureHeight <= videoHeight) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // If still capture size is less than quarter of max, don't do ZSL
+    if ((pictureWidth * pictureHeight) <
+            (fastInfo.maxJpegSize.width * fastInfo.maxJpegSize.height / 4) ) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 const char* Parameters::getStateName(State state) {
 #define CASE_ENUM_TO_CHAR(x) case x: return(#x); break;
     switch(state) {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.h
index c437722..f4bb34c 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/Parameters.h
@@ -161,9 +161,9 @@
     bool previewCallbackOneShot;
     bool previewCallbackSurface;
 
-    bool zslMode;
+    bool allowZslMode;
     // Whether the jpeg stream is slower than 30FPS and can slow down preview.
-    // When slowJpegMode is true, zslMode must be false to avoid slowing down preview.
+    // When slowJpegMode is true, allowZslMode must be false to avoid slowing down preview.
     bool slowJpegMode;
 
     // Overall camera state
@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@
         DefaultKeyedVector<uint8_t, OverrideModes> sceneModeOverrides;
         float minFocalLength;
         bool useFlexibleYuv;
+        Size maxJpegSize;
     } fastInfo;
 
     // Quirks information; these are short-lived flags to enable workarounds for
@@ -271,6 +272,8 @@
     status_t recoverOverriddenJpegSize();
     // if video snapshot size is currently overridden
     bool isJpegSizeOverridden();
+    // whether zero shutter lag should be used for non-recording operation
+    bool useZeroShutterLag() const;
 
     // Calculate the crop region rectangle, either tightly about the preview
     // resolution, or a region just based on the active array; both take
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/StreamingProcessor.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/StreamingProcessor.cpp
index a2c9712..de42fb2 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/StreamingProcessor.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api1/client2/StreamingProcessor.cpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 
         // Use CAMERA3_TEMPLATE_ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG for ZSL streaming case.
         if (client->getCameraDeviceVersion() >= CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_0) {
-            if (params.zslMode && !params.recordingHint) {
+            if (params.useZeroShutterLag() && !params.recordingHint) {
                 res = device->createDefaultRequest(CAMERA3_TEMPLATE_ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG,
                         &mPreviewRequest);
             } else {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
index dbec34e..a7fe5e7 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.cpp
@@ -338,13 +338,15 @@
 
     status_t err = mDevice->configureStreams(isConstrainedHighSpeed);
     if (err == BAD_VALUE) {
-        res = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                "Camera %d: Unsupported set of inputs/outputs provided",
+        String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Unsupported set of inputs/outputs provided",
                 mCameraId);
+        ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+        res = STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
     } else if (err != OK) {
-        res = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
-                "Camera %d: Error configuring streams: %s (%d)",
+        String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Error configuring streams: %s (%d)",
                 mCameraId, strerror(-err), err);
+        ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+        res = STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION, msg.string());
     }
 
     return res;
@@ -365,6 +367,7 @@
 
     bool isInput = false;
     ssize_t index = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    ssize_t dIndex = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
 
     if (mInputStream.configured && mInputStream.id == streamId) {
         isInput = true;
@@ -378,10 +381,19 @@
         }
 
         if (index == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
-            String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Invalid stream ID (%d) specified, no such "
-                    "stream created yet", mCameraId, streamId);
-            ALOGW("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
-            return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
+            // See if this stream is one of the deferred streams.
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < mDeferredStreams.size(); ++i) {
+                if (streamId == mDeferredStreams[i]) {
+                    dIndex = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (dIndex == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+                String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Invalid stream ID (%d) specified, no such"
+                        " stream created yet", mCameraId, streamId);
+                ALOGW("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+                return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -396,8 +408,10 @@
     } else {
         if (isInput) {
             mInputStream.configured = false;
-        } else {
+        } else if (index != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             mStreamMap.removeItemsAt(index);
+        } else {
+            mDeferredStreams.removeItemsAt(dIndex);
         }
     }
 
@@ -416,14 +430,30 @@
     Mutex::Autolock icl(mBinderSerializationLock);
 
     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> bufferProducer = outputConfiguration.getGraphicBufferProducer();
-    if (bufferProducer == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("%s: bufferProducer must not be null", __FUNCTION__);
+    bool deferredConsumer = bufferProducer == NULL;
+    int surfaceType = outputConfiguration.getSurfaceType();
+    bool validSurfaceType = ((surfaceType == OutputConfiguration::SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_VIEW) ||
+            (surfaceType == OutputConfiguration::SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_TEXTURE));
+    if (deferredConsumer && !validSurfaceType) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Target surface is invalid: bufferProducer = %p, surfaceType = %d.",
+                __FUNCTION__, bufferProducer.get(), surfaceType);
         return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "Target Surface is invalid");
     }
+
     if (!mDevice.get()) {
         return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_DISCONNECTED, "Camera device no longer alive");
     }
 
+    int width, height, format;
+    int32_t consumerUsage;
+    android_dataspace dataSpace;
+    status_t err;
+
+    // Create stream for deferred surface case.
+    if (deferredConsumer) {
+        return createDeferredSurfaceStreamLocked(outputConfiguration, newStreamId);
+    }
+
     // Don't create multiple streams for the same target surface
     {
         ssize_t index = mStreamMap.indexOfKey(IInterface::asBinder(bufferProducer));
@@ -435,13 +465,10 @@
         }
     }
 
-    status_t err;
-
     // HACK b/10949105
     // Query consumer usage bits to set async operation mode for
     // GLConsumer using controlledByApp parameter.
     bool useAsync = false;
-    int32_t consumerUsage;
     if ((err = bufferProducer->query(NATIVE_WINDOW_CONSUMER_USAGE_BITS,
             &consumerUsage)) != OK) {
         String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Failed to query Surface consumer usage: %s (%d)",
@@ -450,8 +477,8 @@
         return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION, msg.string());
     }
     if (consumerUsage & GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_TEXTURE) {
-        ALOGW("%s: Camera %d: Forcing asynchronous mode for stream",
-                __FUNCTION__, mCameraId);
+        ALOGW("%s: Camera %d with consumer usage flag: 0x%x: Forcing asynchronous mode for stream",
+                __FUNCTION__, mCameraId, consumerUsage);
         useAsync = true;
     }
 
@@ -467,9 +494,6 @@
     sp<Surface> surface = new Surface(bufferProducer, useAsync);
     ANativeWindow *anw = surface.get();
 
-    int width, height, format;
-    android_dataspace dataSpace;
-
     if ((err = anw->query(anw, NATIVE_WINDOW_WIDTH, &width)) != OK) {
         String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Failed to query Surface width: %s (%d)",
                 mCameraId, strerror(-err), err);
@@ -526,29 +550,12 @@
     } else {
         mStreamMap.add(binder, streamId);
 
-        ALOGV("%s: Camera %d: Successfully created a new stream ID %d",
-              __FUNCTION__, mCameraId, streamId);
+        ALOGV("%s: Camera %d: Successfully created a new stream ID %d for output surface"
+                " (%d x %d) with format 0x%x.",
+              __FUNCTION__, mCameraId, streamId, width, height, format);
 
-        /**
-         * Set the stream transform flags to automatically
-         * rotate the camera stream for preview use cases.
-         */
-        int32_t transform = 0;
-        err = getRotationTransformLocked(&transform);
-
-        if (err != OK) {
-            // Error logged by getRotationTransformLocked.
-            return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
-                    "Unable to calculate rotation transform for new stream");
-        }
-
-        err = mDevice->setStreamTransform(streamId, transform);
-        if (err != OK) {
-            String8 msg = String8::format("Failed to set stream transform (stream id %d)",
-                    streamId);
-            ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
-            return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION, msg.string());
-        }
+        // Set transform flags to ensure preview to be rotated correctly.
+        res = setStreamTransformLocked(streamId);
 
         *newStreamId = streamId;
     }
@@ -556,6 +563,84 @@
     return res;
 }
 
+binder::Status CameraDeviceClient::createDeferredSurfaceStreamLocked(
+        const hardware::camera2::params::OutputConfiguration &outputConfiguration,
+        /*out*/
+        int* newStreamId) {
+    int width, height, format, surfaceType;
+    int32_t consumerUsage;
+    android_dataspace dataSpace;
+    status_t err;
+    binder::Status res;
+
+    if (!mDevice.get()) {
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_DISCONNECTED, "Camera device no longer alive");
+    }
+
+    // Infer the surface info for deferred surface stream creation.
+    width = outputConfiguration.getWidth();
+    height = outputConfiguration.getHeight();
+    surfaceType = outputConfiguration.getSurfaceType();
+    format = HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED;
+    dataSpace = android_dataspace_t::HAL_DATASPACE_UNKNOWN;
+    // Hardcode consumer usage flags: SurfaceView--0x900, SurfaceTexture--0x100.
+    consumerUsage = GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_TEXTURE;
+    if (surfaceType == OutputConfiguration::SURFACE_TYPE_SURFACE_VIEW) {
+        consumerUsage |= GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_COMPOSER;
+    }
+    int streamId = camera3::CAMERA3_STREAM_ID_INVALID;
+    err = mDevice->createStream(/*surface*/nullptr, width, height, format, dataSpace,
+            static_cast<camera3_stream_rotation_t>(outputConfiguration.getRotation()),
+            &streamId, outputConfiguration.getSurfaceSetID(), consumerUsage);
+
+    if (err != OK) {
+        res = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
+                "Camera %d: Error creating output stream (%d x %d, fmt %x, dataSpace %x): %s (%d)",
+                mCameraId, width, height, format, dataSpace, strerror(-err), err);
+    } else {
+        // Can not add streamId to mStreamMap here, as the surface is deferred. Add it to
+        // a separate list to track. Once the deferred surface is set, this id will be
+        // relocated to mStreamMap.
+        mDeferredStreams.push_back(streamId);
+
+        ALOGV("%s: Camera %d: Successfully created a new stream ID %d for a deferred surface"
+                " (%d x %d) stream with format 0x%x.",
+              __FUNCTION__, mCameraId, streamId, width, height, format);
+
+        // Set transform flags to ensure preview to be rotated correctly.
+        res = setStreamTransformLocked(streamId);
+
+        *newStreamId = streamId;
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+binder::Status CameraDeviceClient::setStreamTransformLocked(int streamId) {
+    int32_t transform = 0;
+    status_t err;
+    binder::Status res;
+
+    if (!mDevice.get()) {
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_DISCONNECTED, "Camera device no longer alive");
+    }
+
+    err = getRotationTransformLocked(&transform);
+    if (err != OK) {
+        // Error logged by getRotationTransformLocked.
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
+                "Unable to calculate rotation transform for new stream");
+    }
+
+    err = mDevice->setStreamTransform(streamId, transform);
+    if (err != OK) {
+        String8 msg = String8::format("Failed to set stream transform (stream id %d)",
+                streamId);
+        ALOGE("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION, msg.string());
+    }
+
+    return res;
+}
 
 binder::Status CameraDeviceClient::createInputStream(
         int width, int height, int format,
@@ -934,6 +1019,76 @@
     return res;
 }
 
+binder::Status CameraDeviceClient::setDeferredConfiguration(int32_t streamId,
+        const hardware::camera2::params::OutputConfiguration &outputConfiguration) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+
+    binder::Status res;
+    if (!(res = checkPidStatus(__FUNCTION__)).isOk()) return res;
+
+    Mutex::Autolock icl(mBinderSerializationLock);
+
+    sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> bufferProducer = outputConfiguration.getGraphicBufferProducer();
+
+    // Client code should guarantee that the surface is from SurfaceView or SurfaceTexture.
+    if (bufferProducer == NULL) {
+        ALOGE("%s: bufferProducer must not be null", __FUNCTION__);
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "Target Surface is invalid");
+    }
+    // Check if this stram id is one of the deferred streams
+    ssize_t index = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mDeferredStreams.size(); i++) {
+        if (streamId == mDeferredStreams[i]) {
+            index = i;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (index == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+        String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: deferred surface is set to a unknown stream"
+                "(ID %d)", mCameraId, streamId);
+        ALOGW("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, msg.string());
+    }
+
+    if (!mDevice.get()) {
+        return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_DISCONNECTED, "Camera device no longer alive");
+    }
+
+    // Don't create multiple streams for the same target surface
+    {
+        ssize_t index = mStreamMap.indexOfKey(IInterface::asBinder(bufferProducer));
+        if (index != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+            String8 msg = String8::format("Camera %d: Surface already has a stream created "
+                    " for it (ID %zd)", mCameraId, index);
+            ALOGW("%s: %s", __FUNCTION__, msg.string());
+            return STATUS_ERROR(CameraService::ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS, msg.string());
+        }
+    }
+
+    status_t err;
+
+    // Always set to async, as we know the deferred surface is for preview streaming.
+    sp<Surface> consumerSurface = new Surface(bufferProducer, /*useAsync*/true);
+
+    // Finish the deferred stream configuration with the surface.
+    err = mDevice->setConsumerSurface(streamId, consumerSurface);
+    if (err == OK) {
+        sp<IBinder> binder = IInterface::asBinder(bufferProducer);
+        mStreamMap.add(binder, streamId);
+        mDeferredStreams.removeItemsAt(index);
+    } else if (err == NO_INIT) {
+        res = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(CameraService::ERROR_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                "Camera %d: Deferred surface is invalid: %s (%d)",
+                mCameraId, strerror(-err), err);
+    } else {
+        res = STATUS_ERROR_FMT(CameraService::ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION,
+                "Camera %d: Error setting output stream deferred surface: %s (%d)",
+                mCameraId, strerror(-err), err);
+    }
+
+    return res;
+}
+
 status_t CameraDeviceClient::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args) {
     return BasicClient::dump(fd, args);
 }
@@ -959,6 +1114,11 @@
         for (size_t i = 0; i < mStreamMap.size(); i++) {
             result.appendFormat("      Stream %d\n", mStreamMap.valueAt(i));
         }
+    } else if (!mDeferredStreams.isEmpty()) {
+        result.append("    Current deferred surface output stream IDs:\n");
+        for (auto& streamId : mDeferredStreams) {
+            result.appendFormat("      Stream %d\n", streamId);
+        }
     } else {
         result.append("    No output streams configured.\n");
     }
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
index d792b7d..dde23fb9 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/api2/CameraDeviceClient.h
@@ -131,6 +131,10 @@
     // Prepare stream by preallocating up to maxCount of its buffers
     virtual binder::Status prepare2(int32_t maxCount, int32_t streamId);
 
+    // Set the deferred surface for a stream.
+    virtual binder::Status setDeferredConfiguration(int32_t streamId,
+            const hardware::camera2::params::OutputConfiguration &outputConfiguration);
+
     /**
      * Interface used by CameraService
      */
@@ -188,6 +192,15 @@
     // Find the square of the euclidean distance between two points
     static int64_t euclidDistSquare(int32_t x0, int32_t y0, int32_t x1, int32_t y1);
 
+    // Create an output stream with surface deferred for future.
+    binder::Status createDeferredSurfaceStreamLocked(
+            const hardware::camera2::params::OutputConfiguration &outputConfiguration,
+            int* newStreamId = NULL);
+
+    // Set the stream transform flags to automatically rotate the camera stream for preview use
+    // cases.
+    binder::Status setStreamTransformLocked(int streamId);
+
     // Find the closest dimensions for a given format in available stream configurations with
     // a width <= ROUNDING_WIDTH_CAP
     static const int32_t ROUNDING_WIDTH_CAP = 1920;
@@ -213,6 +226,10 @@
 
     int32_t mRequestIdCounter;
 
+    // The list of output streams whose surfaces are deferred. We have to track them separately
+    // as there are no surfaces available and can not be put into mStreamMap. Once the deferred
+    // Surface is configured, the stream id will be moved to mStreamMap.
+    Vector<int32_t> mDeferredStreams;
 };
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
index 35ec531..8707f2a 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/common/CameraDeviceBase.h
@@ -110,7 +110,8 @@
     virtual status_t createStream(sp<Surface> consumer,
             uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format,
             android_dataspace dataSpace, camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, int *id,
-            int streamSetId = camera3::CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID) = 0;
+            int streamSetId = camera3::CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID,
+            uint32_t consumerUsage = 0) = 0;
 
     /**
      * Create an input stream of width, height, and format.
@@ -312,6 +313,12 @@
      * Get the HAL device version.
      */
     virtual uint32_t getDeviceVersion() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the deferred consumer surface and finish the rest of the stream configuration.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setConsumerSurface(int streamId, sp<Surface> consumer) = 0;
+
 };
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
index 96f9338..3b51239 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.cpp
@@ -530,12 +530,26 @@
             mId, __FUNCTION__);
 
     bool dumpTemplates = false;
+
     String16 templatesOption("-t");
+    String16 monitorOption("-m");
     int n = args.size();
     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
         if (args[i] == templatesOption) {
             dumpTemplates = true;
         }
+        if (args[i] == monitorOption) {
+            if (i + 1 < n) {
+                String8 monitorTags = String8(args[i + 1]);
+                if (monitorTags == "off") {
+                    mTagMonitor.disableMonitoring();
+                } else {
+                    mTagMonitor.parseTagsToMonitor(monitorTags);
+                }
+            } else {
+                mTagMonitor.disableMonitoring();
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     String8 lines;
@@ -622,6 +636,8 @@
         }
     }
 
+    mTagMonitor.dumpMonitoredMetadata(fd);
+
     if (mHal3Device != NULL) {
         lines = String8("    HAL device dump:\n");
         write(fd, lines.string(), lines.size());
@@ -990,12 +1006,13 @@
 
 status_t Camera3Device::createStream(sp<Surface> consumer,
         uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format, android_dataspace dataSpace,
-        camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, int *id, int streamSetId) {
+        camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, int *id, int streamSetId, uint32_t consumerUsage) {
     ATRACE_CALL();
     Mutex::Autolock il(mInterfaceLock);
     Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
-    ALOGV("Camera %d: Creating new stream %d: %d x %d, format %d, dataspace %d rotation %d",
-            mId, mNextStreamId, width, height, format, dataSpace, rotation);
+    ALOGV("Camera %d: Creating new stream %d: %d x %d, format %d, dataspace %d rotation %d"
+            " consumer usage 0x%x", mId, mNextStreamId, width, height, format, dataSpace, rotation,
+            consumerUsage);
 
     status_t res;
     bool wasActive = false;
@@ -1032,6 +1049,19 @@
     if (mDeviceVersion <= CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
         streamSetId = CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID;
     }
+
+    // HAL3.1 doesn't support deferred consumer stream creation as it requires buffer registration
+    // which requires a consumer surface to be available.
+    if (consumer == nullptr && mDeviceVersion < CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+        ALOGE("HAL3.1 doesn't support deferred consumer stream creation");
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    if (consumer == nullptr && format != HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED) {
+        ALOGE("Deferred consumer stream creation only support IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED format");
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
     // Use legacy dataspace values for older HALs
     if (mDeviceVersion <= CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_3) {
         dataSpace = mapToLegacyDataspace(dataSpace);
@@ -1063,6 +1093,10 @@
         newStream = new Camera3OutputStream(mNextStreamId, consumer,
                 width, height, rawOpaqueBufferSize, format, dataSpace, rotation,
                 mTimestampOffset, streamSetId);
+    } else if (consumer == nullptr) {
+        newStream = new Camera3OutputStream(mNextStreamId,
+                width, height, format, consumerUsage, dataSpace, rotation,
+                mTimestampOffset, streamSetId);
     } else {
         newStream = new Camera3OutputStream(mNextStreamId, consumer,
                 width, height, format, dataSpace, rotation,
@@ -1722,6 +1756,44 @@
     }
 }
 
+status_t Camera3Device::setConsumerSurface(int streamId, sp<Surface> consumer) {
+    ATRACE_CALL();
+    ALOGV("%s: Camera %d: set consumer surface for stream %d", __FUNCTION__, mId, streamId);
+    Mutex::Autolock il(mInterfaceLock);
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+
+    if (consumer == nullptr) {
+        CLOGE("Null consumer is passed!");
+        return BAD_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    ssize_t idx = mOutputStreams.indexOfKey(streamId);
+    if (idx == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+        CLOGE("Stream %d is unknown", streamId);
+        return idx;
+    }
+    sp<Camera3OutputStreamInterface> stream = mOutputStreams[idx];
+    status_t res = stream->setConsumer(consumer);
+    if (res != OK) {
+        CLOGE("Stream %d set consumer failed (error %d %s) ", streamId, res, strerror(-res));
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    if (!stream->isConfiguring()) {
+        CLOGE("Stream %d was already fully configured.", streamId);
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
+    res = stream->finishConfiguration(mHal3Device);
+    if (res != OK) {
+        SET_ERR_L("Can't finish configuring output stream %d: %s (%d)",
+                stream->getId(), strerror(-res), res);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 /**
  * Camera3Device private methods
  */
@@ -1781,6 +1853,13 @@
         sp<Camera3OutputStreamInterface> stream =
                 mOutputStreams.editValueAt(idx);
 
+        // It is illegal to include a deferred consumer output stream into a request
+        if (stream->isConsumerConfigurationDeferred()) {
+            CLOGE("Stream %d hasn't finished configuration yet due to deferred consumer",
+                    stream->getId());
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
         // Lazy completion of stream configuration (allocation/registration)
         // on first use
         if (stream->isConfiguring()) {
@@ -1948,7 +2027,7 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mOutputStreams.size(); i++) {
         sp<Camera3OutputStreamInterface> outputStream =
             mOutputStreams.editValueAt(i);
-        if (outputStream->isConfiguring()) {
+        if (outputStream->isConfiguring() && !outputStream->isConsumerConfigurationDeferred()) {
             res = outputStream->finishConfiguration(mHal3Device);
             if (res != OK) {
                 CLOGE("Can't finish configuring output stream %d: %s (%d)",
@@ -2283,13 +2362,16 @@
     captureResult.mMetadata.sort();
 
     // Check that there's a timestamp in the result metadata
-    camera_metadata_entry entry = captureResult.mMetadata.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_TIMESTAMP);
-    if (entry.count == 0) {
+    camera_metadata_entry timestamp = captureResult.mMetadata.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_TIMESTAMP);
+    if (timestamp.count == 0) {
         SET_ERR("No timestamp provided by HAL for frame %d!",
                 frameNumber);
         return;
     }
 
+    mTagMonitor.monitorMetadata(TagMonitor::RESULT,
+            frameNumber, timestamp.data.i64[0], captureResult.mMetadata);
+
     insertResultLocked(&captureResult, frameNumber, aeTriggerCancelOverride);
 }
 
@@ -2658,6 +2740,11 @@
 }
 
 
+void Camera3Device::monitorMetadata(TagMonitor::eventSource source,
+        int64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp, const CameraMetadata& metadata) {
+    mTagMonitor.monitorMetadata(source, frameNumber, timestamp, metadata);
+}
+
 /**
  * RequestThread inner class methods
  */
@@ -3084,6 +3171,12 @@
 
             camera_metadata_t* cloned = clone_camera_metadata(nextRequest.halRequest.settings);
             mLatestRequest.acquire(cloned);
+
+            sp<Camera3Device> parent = mParent.promote();
+            if (parent != NULL) {
+                parent->monitorMetadata(TagMonitor::REQUEST, nextRequest.halRequest.frame_number,
+                        0, mLatestRequest);
+            }
         }
 
         if (nextRequest.halRequest.settings != NULL) {
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
index 2aca57d..bbb6563 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Device.h
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "common/CameraDeviceBase.h"
 #include "device3/StatusTracker.h"
 #include "device3/Camera3BufferManager.h"
+#include "utils/TagMonitor.h"
 
 /**
  * Function pointer types with C calling convention to
@@ -95,11 +96,14 @@
 
     // Actual stream creation/deletion is delayed until first request is submitted
     // If adding streams while actively capturing, will pause device before adding
-    // stream, reconfiguring device, and unpausing.
+    // stream, reconfiguring device, and unpausing. If the client create a stream
+    // with nullptr consumer surface, the client must then call setConsumer()
+    // and finish the stream configuration before starting output streaming.
     virtual status_t createStream(sp<Surface> consumer,
             uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format,
             android_dataspace dataSpace, camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, int *id,
-            int streamSetId = camera3::CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID);
+            int streamSetId = camera3::CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID,
+            uint32_t consumerUsage = 0);
     virtual status_t createInputStream(
             uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format,
             int *id);
@@ -160,6 +164,12 @@
     // Methods called by subclasses
     void             notifyStatus(bool idle); // updates from StatusTracker
 
+    /**
+     * Set the deferred consumer surface to the output stream and finish the deferred
+     * consumer configuration.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setConsumerSurface(int streamId, sp<Surface> consumer);
+
   private:
     static const size_t        kDumpLockAttempts  = 10;
     static const size_t        kDumpSleepDuration = 100000; // 0.10 sec
@@ -846,6 +856,16 @@
 
     /**** End scope for mInFlightLock ****/
 
+    // Debug tracker for metadata tag value changes
+    // - Enabled with the -m <taglist> option to dumpsys, such as
+    //   dumpsys -m android.control.aeState,android.control.aeMode
+    // - Disabled with -m off
+    // - dumpsys -m 3a is a shortcut for ae/af/awbMode, State, and Triggers
+    TagMonitor mTagMonitor;
+
+    void monitorMetadata(TagMonitor::eventSource source, int64_t frameNumber,
+            nsecs_t timestamp, const CameraMetadata& metadata);
+
     /**
      * Static callback forwarding methods from HAL to instance
      */
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.cpp
index 6354ef7..5123785 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.cpp
@@ -103,6 +103,15 @@
     return false;
 }
 
+bool Camera3DummyStream::isConsumerConfigurationDeferred() const {
+    return false;
+}
+
+status_t Camera3DummyStream::setConsumer(sp<Surface> consumer) {
+    ALOGE("%s: Stream %d: Dummy stream doesn't support set consumer surface %p!",
+            __FUNCTION__, mId, consumer.get());
+    return INVALID_OPERATION;
+}
 }; // namespace camera3
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.h
index 7b48daa..639619e 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3DummyStream.h
@@ -61,6 +61,16 @@
      */
     bool isVideoStream() const;
 
+    /**
+     * Return if the consumer configuration of this stream is deferred.
+     */
+    virtual bool isConsumerConfigurationDeferred() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the consumer surface to the output stream.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setConsumer(sp<Surface> consumer);
+
   protected:
 
     /**
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
index 7b72144..299435a 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
         mTransform(0),
         mTraceFirstBuffer(true),
         mUseBufferManager(false),
-        mTimestampOffset(timestampOffset) {
+        mTimestampOffset(timestampOffset),
+        mConsumerUsage(0) {
 
     if (mConsumer == NULL) {
         ALOGE("%s: Consumer is NULL!", __FUNCTION__);
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@
         mTraceFirstBuffer(true),
         mUseMonoTimestamp(false),
         mUseBufferManager(false),
-        mTimestampOffset(timestampOffset) {
+        mTimestampOffset(timestampOffset),
+        mConsumerUsage(0) {
 
     if (format != HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BLOB && format != HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_RAW_OPAQUE) {
         ALOGE("%s: Bad format for size-only stream: %d", __FUNCTION__,
@@ -84,6 +86,39 @@
     }
 }
 
+Camera3OutputStream::Camera3OutputStream(int id,
+        uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format,
+        uint32_t consumerUsage, android_dataspace dataSpace,
+        camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, nsecs_t timestampOffset, int setId) :
+        Camera3IOStreamBase(id, CAMERA3_STREAM_OUTPUT, width, height,
+                            /*maxSize*/0, format, dataSpace, rotation, setId),
+        mConsumer(nullptr),
+        mTransform(0),
+        mTraceFirstBuffer(true),
+        mUseBufferManager(false),
+        mTimestampOffset(timestampOffset),
+        mConsumerUsage(consumerUsage) {
+    // Deferred consumer only support preview surface format now.
+    if (format != HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Deferred consumer only supports IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED format now!",
+                __FUNCTION__);
+        mState = STATE_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    // Sanity check for the consumer usage flag.
+    if ((consumerUsage & GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_TEXTURE) == 0 &&
+            (consumerUsage & GraphicBuffer::USAGE_HW_COMPOSER) == 0) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Deferred consumer usage flag is illegal (0x%x)!", __FUNCTION__, consumerUsage);
+        mState = STATE_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    mConsumerName = String8("Deferred");
+    if (setId > CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID) {
+        mBufferReleasedListener = new BufferReleasedListener(this);
+    }
+
+}
+
 Camera3OutputStream::Camera3OutputStream(int id, camera3_stream_type_t type,
                                          uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
                                          int format,
@@ -96,7 +131,8 @@
         mTransform(0),
         mTraceFirstBuffer(true),
         mUseMonoTimestamp(false),
-        mUseBufferManager(false) {
+        mUseBufferManager(false),
+        mConsumerUsage(0) {
 
     if (setId > CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID) {
         mBufferReleasedListener = new BufferReleasedListener(this);
@@ -235,6 +271,7 @@
      */
     if (buffer.status == CAMERA3_BUFFER_STATUS_ERROR) {
         // Cancel buffer
+        ALOGW("A frame is dropped for stream %d", mId);
         res = currentConsumer->cancelBuffer(currentConsumer.get(),
                 container_of(buffer.buffer, ANativeWindowBuffer, handle),
                 anwReleaseFence);
@@ -475,11 +512,16 @@
         return res;
     }
 
+    // Stream configuration was not finished (can only be in STATE_IN_CONFIG or STATE_CONSTRUCTED
+    // state), don't need change the stream state, return OK.
+    if (mConsumer == nullptr) {
+        return OK;
+    }
+
     ALOGV("%s: disconnecting stream %d from native window", __FUNCTION__, getId());
 
     res = native_window_api_disconnect(mConsumer.get(),
                                        NATIVE_WINDOW_API_CAMERA);
-
     /**
      * This is not an error. if client calling process dies, the window will
      * also die and all calls to it will return DEAD_OBJECT, thus it's already
@@ -521,6 +563,12 @@
 
     status_t res;
     int32_t u = 0;
+    if (mConsumer == nullptr) {
+        // mConsumerUsage was sanitized before the Camera3OutputStream was constructed.
+        *usage = mConsumerUsage;
+        return OK;
+    }
+
     res = static_cast<ANativeWindow*>(mConsumer.get())->query(mConsumer.get(),
             NATIVE_WINDOW_CONSUMER_USAGE_BITS, &u);
 
@@ -556,7 +604,7 @@
 status_t Camera3OutputStream::setBufferManager(sp<Camera3BufferManager> bufferManager) {
     Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
     if (mState != STATE_CONSTRUCTED) {
-        ALOGE("%s: this method can only be called when stream in in CONSTRUCTED state.",
+        ALOGE("%s: this method can only be called when stream in CONSTRUCTED state.",
                 __FUNCTION__);
         return INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
@@ -622,6 +670,26 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
+bool Camera3OutputStream::isConsumerConfigurationDeferred() const {
+    Mutex::Autolock l(mLock);
+    return mConsumer == nullptr;
+}
+
+status_t Camera3OutputStream::setConsumer(sp<Surface> consumer) {
+    if (consumer == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("%s: it's illegal to set a null consumer surface!", __FUNCTION__);
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
+    if (mConsumer != nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("%s: consumer surface was already set!", __FUNCTION__);
+        return INVALID_OPERATION;
+    }
+
+    mConsumer = consumer;
+    return OK;
+}
+
 bool Camera3OutputStream::isConsumedByHWComposer() const {
     uint32_t usage = 0;
     status_t res = getEndpointUsage(&usage);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
index 7d28b05..5507cfc 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStream.h
@@ -94,6 +94,16 @@
             android_dataspace dataSpace, camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation,
             nsecs_t timestampOffset, int setId = CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID);
 
+    /**
+     * Set up a stream with deferred consumer for formats that have 2 dimensions, such as
+     * RAW and YUV. The consumer must be set before using this stream for output. A valid
+     * stream set id needs to be set to support buffer sharing between multiple streams.
+     */
+    Camera3OutputStream(int id, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int format,
+            uint32_t consumerUsage, android_dataspace dataSpace,
+            camera3_stream_rotation_t rotation, nsecs_t timestampOffset,
+            int setId = CAMERA3_STREAM_SET_ID_INVALID);
+
     virtual ~Camera3OutputStream();
 
     /**
@@ -117,6 +127,16 @@
      */
     bool isConsumedByHWComposer() const;
 
+    /**
+     * Return if the consumer configuration of this stream is deferred.
+     */
+    virtual bool isConsumerConfigurationDeferred() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the consumer surface to the output stream.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setConsumer(sp<Surface> consumer);
+
     class BufferReleasedListener : public BnProducerListener {
         public:
           BufferReleasedListener(wp<Camera3OutputStream> parent) : mParent(parent) {}
@@ -159,6 +179,7 @@
     virtual status_t disconnectLocked();
 
     sp<Surface> mConsumer;
+
   private:
     int               mTransform;
 
@@ -195,6 +216,12 @@
     nsecs_t mTimestampOffset;
 
     /**
+     * Consumer end point usage flag set by the constructor for the deferred
+     * consumer case.
+     */
+    uint32_t    mConsumerUsage;
+
+    /**
      * Internal Camera3Stream interface
      */
     virtual status_t getBufferLocked(camera3_stream_buffer *buffer);
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
index 50dce55..3f83c89 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3OutputStreamInterface.h
@@ -41,6 +41,16 @@
     virtual bool isVideoStream() const = 0;
 
     /**
+     * Return if the consumer configuration of this stream is deferred.
+     */
+    virtual bool isConsumerConfigurationDeferred() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the consumer surface to the output stream.
+     */
+    virtual status_t setConsumer(sp<Surface> consumer) = 0;
+
+    /**
      * Detach an unused buffer from the stream.
      *
      * buffer must be non-null; fenceFd may null, and if it is non-null, but
@@ -49,7 +59,6 @@
      *
      */
     virtual status_t detachBuffer(sp<GraphicBuffer>* buffer, int* fenceFd) = 0;
-
 };
 
 } // namespace camera3
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
index 96d62d4..3ffd9d1 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.cpp
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     mMaxSize(maxSize),
     mState(STATE_CONSTRUCTED),
     mStatusId(StatusTracker::NO_STATUS_ID),
-    mStreamUnpreparable(false),
+    mStreamUnpreparable(true),
     mOldUsage(0),
     mOldMaxBuffers(0),
     mPrepared(false),
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
index 0755700..1ff215d 100644
--- a/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/device3/Camera3Stream.h
@@ -175,7 +175,8 @@
      *   OK on a successful configuration
      *   NO_INIT in case of a serious error from the HAL device
      *   NO_MEMORY in case of an error registering buffers
-     *   INVALID_OPERATION in case connecting to the consumer failed
+     *   INVALID_OPERATION in case connecting to the consumer failed or consumer
+     *       doesn't exist yet.
      */
     status_t         finishConfiguration(camera3_device *hal3Device);
 
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.cpp b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1b65bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "Camera3-TagMonitor"
+#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_CAMERA
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include "TagMonitor.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <camera/VendorTagDescriptor.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+TagMonitor::TagMonitor():
+        mMonitoringEnabled(false),
+        mMonitoringEvents(kMaxMonitorEvents)
+{}
+
+const char* TagMonitor::k3aTags =
+        "android.control.aeMode, android.control.afMode, android.control.awbMode,"
+        "android.control.aeState, android.control.afState, android.control.awbState,"
+        "android.control.aePrecaptureTrigger, android.control.afTrigger,"
+        "android.control.aeRegions, android.control.awbRegions, android.control.afRegions,"
+        "android.control.aeExposureCompensation, android.control.aeLock, android.control.awbLock,"
+        "android.control.aeAntibandingMode, android.control.aeTargetFpsRange,"
+        "android.control.effectMode, android.control.mode, android.control.sceneMode,"
+        "android.control.videoStabilizationMode";
+
+void TagMonitor::parseTagsToMonitor(String8 tagNames) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMonitorMutex);
+
+    // Expand shorthands
+    if (ssize_t idx = tagNames.find("3a") != -1) {
+        ssize_t end = tagNames.find(",", idx);
+        char* start = tagNames.lockBuffer(tagNames.size());
+        start[idx] = '\0';
+        char* rest = (end != -1) ? (start + end) : (start + tagNames.size());
+        tagNames = String8::format("%s%s%s", start, k3aTags, rest);
+    }
+
+    sp<VendorTagDescriptor> vTags =
+            VendorTagDescriptor::getGlobalVendorTagDescriptor();
+
+    bool gotTag = false;
+
+    char *tokenized = tagNames.lockBuffer(tagNames.size());
+    char *savePtr;
+    char *nextTagName = strtok_r(tokenized, ", ", &savePtr);
+    while (nextTagName != nullptr) {
+        uint32_t tag;
+        status_t res = CameraMetadata::getTagFromName(nextTagName, vTags.get(), &tag);
+        if (res != OK) {
+            ALOGW("%s: Unknown tag %s, ignoring", __FUNCTION__, nextTagName);
+        } else {
+            if (!gotTag) {
+                mMonitoredTagList.clear();
+                gotTag = true;
+            }
+            mMonitoredTagList.push_back(tag);
+        }
+        nextTagName = strtok_r(nullptr, ", ", &savePtr);
+    }
+
+    tagNames.unlockBuffer();
+
+    if (gotTag) {
+        // Got at least one new tag
+        mMonitoringEnabled = true;
+    }
+}
+
+void TagMonitor::disableMonitoring() {
+    mMonitoringEnabled = false;
+    mLastMonitoredRequestValues.clear();
+    mLastMonitoredResultValues.clear();
+}
+
+void TagMonitor::monitorMetadata(eventSource source, int64_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
+        const CameraMetadata& metadata) {
+    if (!mMonitoringEnabled) return;
+
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMonitorMutex);
+
+    if (timestamp == 0) {
+        timestamp = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME);
+    }
+
+    for (auto tag : mMonitoredTagList) {
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry entry = metadata.find(tag);
+        CameraMetadata &lastValues = (source == REQUEST) ?
+                mLastMonitoredRequestValues : mLastMonitoredResultValues;
+        camera_metadata_entry lastEntry = lastValues.find(tag);
+
+        if (entry.count > 0) {
+            bool isDifferent = false;
+            if (lastEntry.count > 0) {
+                // Have a last value, compare to see if changed
+                if (lastEntry.type == entry.type &&
+                        lastEntry.count == entry.count) {
+                    // Same type and count, compare values
+                    size_t bytesPerValue = camera_metadata_type_size[lastEntry.type];
+                    size_t entryBytes = bytesPerValue * lastEntry.count;
+                    int cmp = memcmp(entry.data.u8, lastEntry.data.u8, entryBytes);
+                    if (cmp != 0) {
+                        isDifferent = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // Count or type has changed
+                    isDifferent = true;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // No last entry, so always consider to be different
+                isDifferent = true;
+            }
+
+            if (isDifferent) {
+                ALOGV("%s: Tag %s changed", __FUNCTION__, get_camera_metadata_tag_name(tag));
+                lastValues.update(entry);
+                mMonitoringEvents.emplace(source, frameNumber, timestamp, entry);
+            }
+        } else if (lastEntry.count > 0) {
+            // Value has been removed
+            ALOGV("%s: Tag %s removed", __FUNCTION__, get_camera_metadata_tag_name(tag));
+            lastValues.erase(tag);
+            entry.tag = tag;
+            entry.type = get_camera_metadata_tag_type(tag);
+            entry.count = 0;
+            mMonitoringEvents.emplace(source, frameNumber, timestamp, entry);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void TagMonitor::dumpMonitoredMetadata(int fd) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMonitorMutex);
+
+    if (mMonitoringEnabled) {
+        dprintf(fd, "     Tag monitoring enabled for tags:\n");
+        for (uint32_t tag : mMonitoredTagList) {
+            dprintf(fd, "        %s.%s\n",
+                    get_camera_metadata_section_name(tag),
+                    get_camera_metadata_tag_name(tag));
+        }
+    } else {
+        dprintf(fd, "     Tag monitoring disabled (enable with -m <name1,..,nameN>)\n");
+    }
+    if (mMonitoringEvents.size() > 0) {
+        dprintf(fd, "     Monitored tag event log:\n");
+        for (const auto& event : mMonitoringEvents) {
+            int indentation = (event.source == REQUEST) ? 15 : 30;
+            dprintf(fd, "        f%d:%" PRId64 "ns: %*s%s.%s: ",
+                    event.frameNumber, event.timestamp,
+                    indentation,
+                    event.source == REQUEST ? "REQ:" : "RES:",
+                    get_camera_metadata_section_name(event.tag),
+                    get_camera_metadata_tag_name(event.tag));
+            if (event.newData.size() == 0) {
+                dprintf(fd, " (Removed)\n");
+            } else {
+                printData(fd, event.newData.data(), event.tag,
+                        event.type, event.newData.size() / camera_metadata_type_size[event.type],
+                        indentation + 18);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+// TODO: Consolidate with printData from camera_metadata.h
+
+#define CAMERA_METADATA_ENUM_STRING_MAX_SIZE 29
+
+void TagMonitor::printData(int fd, const uint8_t *data_ptr, uint32_t tag,
+        int type, int count, int indentation) {
+    static int values_per_line[NUM_TYPES] = {
+        [TYPE_BYTE]     = 16,
+        [TYPE_INT32]    = 8,
+        [TYPE_FLOAT]    = 8,
+        [TYPE_INT64]    = 4,
+        [TYPE_DOUBLE]   = 4,
+        [TYPE_RATIONAL] = 4,
+    };
+    size_t type_size = camera_metadata_type_size[type];
+    char value_string_tmp[CAMERA_METADATA_ENUM_STRING_MAX_SIZE];
+    uint32_t value;
+
+    int lines = count / values_per_line[type];
+    if (count % values_per_line[type] != 0) lines++;
+
+    int index = 0;
+    int j, k;
+    for (j = 0; j < lines; j++) {
+        dprintf(fd, "%*s[", (j != 0) ? indentation + 4 : 0, "");
+        for (k = 0;
+             k < values_per_line[type] && count > 0;
+             k++, count--, index += type_size) {
+
+            switch (type) {
+                case TYPE_BYTE:
+                    value = *(data_ptr + index);
+                    if (camera_metadata_enum_snprint(tag,
+                                                     value,
+                                                     value_string_tmp,
+                                                     sizeof(value_string_tmp))
+                        == OK) {
+                        dprintf(fd, "%s ", value_string_tmp);
+                    } else {
+                        dprintf(fd, "%hhu ",
+                                *(data_ptr + index));
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case TYPE_INT32:
+                    value =
+                            *(int32_t*)(data_ptr + index);
+                    if (camera_metadata_enum_snprint(tag,
+                                                     value,
+                                                     value_string_tmp,
+                                                     sizeof(value_string_tmp))
+                        == OK) {
+                        dprintf(fd, "%s ", value_string_tmp);
+                    } else {
+                        dprintf(fd, "%" PRId32 " ",
+                                *(int32_t*)(data_ptr + index));
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case TYPE_FLOAT:
+                    dprintf(fd, "%0.8f ",
+                            *(float*)(data_ptr + index));
+                    break;
+                case TYPE_INT64:
+                    dprintf(fd, "%" PRId64 " ",
+                            *(int64_t*)(data_ptr + index));
+                    break;
+                case TYPE_DOUBLE:
+                    dprintf(fd, "%0.8f ",
+                            *(double*)(data_ptr + index));
+                    break;
+                case TYPE_RATIONAL: {
+                    int32_t numerator = *(int32_t*)(data_ptr + index);
+                    int32_t denominator = *(int32_t*)(data_ptr + index + 4);
+                    dprintf(fd, "(%d / %d) ",
+                            numerator, denominator);
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    dprintf(fd, "??? ");
+            }
+        }
+        dprintf(fd, "]\n");
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+TagMonitor::MonitorEvent::MonitorEvent(eventSource src, uint32_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
+        const T &value) :
+        source(src),
+        frameNumber(frameNumber),
+        timestamp(timestamp),
+        tag(value.tag),
+        type(value.type),
+        newData(value.data.u8, value.data.u8 + camera_metadata_type_size[value.type] * value.count) {
+}
+
+TagMonitor::MonitorEvent::~MonitorEvent() {
+}
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.h b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7aa419
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/camera/libcameraservice/utils/TagMonitor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_SERVERS_CAMERA_TAGMONITOR_H
+#define ANDROID_SERVERS_CAMERA_TAGMONITOR_H
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <utils/RefBase.h>
+#include <utils/String8.h>
+#include <utils/Timers.h>
+
+#include <media/RingBuffer.h>
+#include <system/camera_metadata.h>
+#include <camera/CameraMetadata.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+/**
+ * A monitor for camera metadata values.
+ * Tracks changes to specified metadata values over time, keeping a circular
+ * buffer log that can be dumped at will. */
+class TagMonitor {
+  public:
+    enum eventSource {
+        REQUEST,
+        RESULT
+    };
+
+    TagMonitor();
+
+    // Parse tag name list (comma-separated) and if valid, enable monitoring
+    // If invalid, do nothing.
+    // Recognizes "3a" as a shortcut for enabling tracking 3A state, mode, and
+    // triggers
+    void parseTagsToMonitor(String8 tagNames);
+
+    // Disable monitoring; does not clear the event log
+    void disableMonitoring();
+
+    // Scan through the metadata and update the monitoring information
+    void monitorMetadata(eventSource source, int64_t frameNumber,
+            nsecs_t timestamp, const CameraMetadata& metadata);
+
+    // Dump current event log to the provided fd
+    void dumpMonitoredMetadata(int fd);
+
+  private:
+
+    static void printData(int fd, const uint8_t *data_ptr, uint32_t tag,
+            int type, int count, int indentation);
+
+    std::atomic<bool> mMonitoringEnabled;
+    std::mutex mMonitorMutex;
+
+    // Current tags to monitor and record changes to
+    std::vector<uint32_t> mMonitoredTagList;
+
+    // Latest-seen values of tracked tags
+    CameraMetadata mLastMonitoredRequestValues;
+    CameraMetadata mLastMonitoredResultValues;
+
+    /**
+     * A monitoring event
+     * Stores a new metadata field value and the timestamp at which it changed.
+     * Copies the source metadata value array and frees it on destruct.
+     */
+    struct MonitorEvent {
+        template<typename T>
+        MonitorEvent(eventSource src, uint32_t frameNumber, nsecs_t timestamp,
+                const T &newValue);
+        ~MonitorEvent();
+
+        eventSource source;
+        uint32_t frameNumber;
+        nsecs_t timestamp;
+        uint32_t tag;
+        uint8_t type;
+        std::vector<uint8_t> newData;
+    };
+
+    // A ring buffer for tracking the last kMaxMonitorEvents metadata changes
+    static const int kMaxMonitorEvents = 100;
+    RingBuffer<MonitorEvent> mMonitoringEvents;
+
+    // 3A fields to use with the "3a" option
+    static const char *k3aTags;
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/services/soundtrigger/Android.mk b/services/soundtrigger/Android.mk
index e8e18b8..c55ac7f 100644
--- a/services/soundtrigger/Android.mk
+++ b/services/soundtrigger/Android.mk
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@
 
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := $(AUDIOSERVER_MULTILIB)
 
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
+
 LOCAL_MODULE:= libsoundtriggerservice
 
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)