diff --git a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
index b6da11e..4b295c9 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/AudioFlinger.cpp
@@ -810,7 +810,33 @@
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                size_t frameCount = std::lcm(thread->frameCount(), secondaryThread->frameCount());
+                size_t sourceFrameCount = thread->frameCount() * output.sampleRate
+                                          / thread->sampleRate();
+                size_t sinkFrameCount = secondaryThread->frameCount() * output.sampleRate
+                                          / secondaryThread->sampleRate();
+                // If the secondary output has just been opened, the first secondaryThread write
+                // will not block as it will fill the empty startup buffer of the HAL,
+                // so a second sink buffer needs to be ready for the immediate next blocking write.
+                // Additionally, have a margin of one main thread buffer as the scheduling jitter
+                // can reorder the writes (eg if thread A&B have the same write intervale,
+                // the scheduler could schedule AB...BA)
+                size_t frameCountToBeReady = 2 * sinkFrameCount + sourceFrameCount;
+                // Total secondary output buffer must be at least as the read frames plus
+                // the margin of a few buffers on both sides in case the
+                // threads scheduling has some jitter.
+                // That value should not impact latency as the secondary track is started before
+                // its buffer is full, see frameCountToBeReady.
+                size_t frameCount = frameCountToBeReady + 2 * (sourceFrameCount + sinkFrameCount);
+                // The frameCount should also not be smaller than the secondary thread min frame
+                // count
+                size_t minFrameCount = AudioSystem::calculateMinFrameCount(
+                            [&] { Mutex::Autolock _l(secondaryThread->mLock);
+                                  return secondaryThread->latency_l(); }(),
+                            secondaryThread->mNormalFrameCount,
+                            secondaryThread->mSampleRate,
+                            output.sampleRate,
+                            input.speed);
+                frameCount = std::max(frameCount, minFrameCount);
 
                 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
                 auto inChannelMask = audio_channel_mask_out_to_in(input.config.channel_mask);
@@ -843,7 +869,8 @@
                                                                patchRecord->buffer(),
                                                                patchRecord->bufferSize(),
                                                                outputFlags,
-                                                               0ns /* timeout */);
+                                                               0ns /* timeout */,
+                                                               frameCountToBeReady);
                 status = patchTrack->initCheck();
                 if (status != NO_ERROR) {
                     ALOGE("Secondary output patchTrack init failed: %d", status);
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h b/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
index d0f8b17..1ff03c4 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
+++ b/services/audioflinger/PlaybackTracks.h
@@ -74,7 +74,10 @@
                                 uid_t uid,
                                 audio_output_flags_t flags,
                                 track_type type,
-                                audio_port_handle_t portId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE);
+                                audio_port_handle_t portId = AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE,
+                                /** default behaviour is to start when there are as many frames
+                                  * ready as possible (aka. Buffer is full). */
+                                size_t frameCountToBeReady = SIZE_MAX);
     virtual             ~Track();
     virtual status_t    initCheck() const;
 
@@ -263,6 +266,8 @@
     };
     sp<AudioVibrationController> mAudioVibrationController;
     sp<os::ExternalVibration>    mExternalVibration;
+    /** How many frames should be in the buffer before the track is considered ready */
+    const size_t        mFrameCountToBeReady;
 
 private:
     void                interceptBuffer(const AudioBufferProvider::Buffer& buffer);
@@ -382,7 +387,11 @@
                                    void *buffer,
                                    size_t bufferSize,
                                    audio_output_flags_t flags,
-                                   const Timeout& timeout = {});
+                                   const Timeout& timeout = {},
+                                   size_t frameCountToBeReady = 1 /** Default behaviour is to start
+                                                                    *  as soon as possible to have
+                                                                    *  the lowest possible latency
+                                                                    *  even if it might glitch. */);
     virtual             ~PatchTrack();
 
             size_t      framesReady() const override;
@@ -402,5 +411,4 @@
 
 private:
             void restartIfDisabled();
-
 };  // end of PatchTrack
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
index eaefc0a..e4402bd 100644
--- a/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
+++ b/services/audioflinger/Tracks.cpp
@@ -513,7 +513,8 @@
             uid_t uid,
             audio_output_flags_t flags,
             track_type type,
-            audio_port_handle_t portId)
+            audio_port_handle_t portId,
+            size_t frameCountToBeReady)
     :   TrackBase(thread, client, attr, sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
                   (sharedBuffer != 0) ? sharedBuffer->pointer() : buffer,
                   (sharedBuffer != 0) ? sharedBuffer->size() : bufferSize,
@@ -532,6 +533,7 @@
     mVolumeHandler(new media::VolumeHandler(sampleRate)),
     mOpPlayAudioMonitor(OpPlayAudioMonitor::createIfNeeded(uid, attr, id(), streamType)),
     // mSinkTimestamp
+    mFrameCountToBeReady(frameCountToBeReady),
     mFastIndex(-1),
     mCachedVolume(1.0),
     /* The track might not play immediately after being active, similarly as if its volume was 0.
@@ -832,7 +834,7 @@
     auto spent = ceil<std::chrono::microseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start);
     using namespace std::chrono_literals;
     // Average is ~20us per track, this should virtually never be logged (Logging takes >200us)
-    ALOGD_IF(spent > 200us, "%s: took %lldus to intercept %zu tracks", __func__,
+    ALOGD_IF(spent > 500us, "%s: took %lldus to intercept %zu tracks", __func__,
              spent.count(), mTeePatches.size());
 }
 
@@ -885,8 +887,12 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    if (framesReady() >= mServerProxy->getBufferSizeInFrames() ||
-            (mCblk->mFlags & CBLK_FORCEREADY)) {
+    size_t bufferSizeInFrames = mServerProxy->getBufferSizeInFrames();
+    size_t framesToBeReady = std::min(mFrameCountToBeReady, bufferSizeInFrames);
+
+    if (framesReady() >= framesToBeReady || (mCblk->mFlags & CBLK_FORCEREADY)) {
+        ALOGV("%s(%d): consider track ready with %zu/%zu, target was %zu)",
+              __func__, mId, framesReady(), bufferSizeInFrames, framesToBeReady);
         mFillingUpStatus = FS_FILLED;
         android_atomic_and(~CBLK_FORCEREADY, &mCblk->mFlags);
         return true;
@@ -1388,6 +1394,7 @@
 
 void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::Track::disable()
 {
+    // TODO(b/142394888): the filling status should also be reset to filling
     signalClientFlag(CBLK_DISABLED);
 }
 
@@ -1765,12 +1772,14 @@
                                                      void *buffer,
                                                      size_t bufferSize,
                                                      audio_output_flags_t flags,
-                                                     const Timeout& timeout)
+                                                     const Timeout& timeout,
+                                                     size_t frameCountToBeReady)
     :   Track(playbackThread, NULL, streamType,
               audio_attributes_t{} /* currently unused for patch track */,
               sampleRate, format, channelMask, frameCount,
               buffer, bufferSize, nullptr /* sharedBuffer */,
-              AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getpid(), AID_AUDIOSERVER, flags, TYPE_PATCH),
+              AUDIO_SESSION_NONE, getpid(), AID_AUDIOSERVER, flags, TYPE_PATCH,
+              AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, frameCountToBeReady),
         PatchTrackBase(new ClientProxy(mCblk, mBuffer, frameCount, mFrameSize, true, true),
                        *playbackThread, timeout)
 {
@@ -1863,7 +1872,6 @@
 {
     mProxy->releaseBuffer(buffer);
     restartIfDisabled();
-    android_atomic_or(CBLK_FORCEREADY, &mCblk->mFlags);
 }
 
 void AudioFlinger::PlaybackThread::PatchTrack::restartIfDisabled()