diff --git a/cmds/stagefright/SineSource.cpp b/cmds/stagefright/SineSource.cpp
index 0ecc16c..0656030 100644
--- a/cmds/stagefright/SineSource.cpp
+++ b/cmds/stagefright/SineSource.cpp
@@ -63,12 +63,15 @@
         MediaBufferBase **out, const ReadOptions * /* options */) {
     *out = NULL;
 
-    MediaBufferBase *buffer;
+    MediaBufferBase *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
 
     if (err != OK) {
         return err;
     }
+    if (buffer == nullptr) {
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
 
     size_t frameSize = mNumChannels * sizeof(int16_t);
     size_t numFramesPerBuffer = buffer->size() / frameSize;
diff --git a/cmds/stagefright/record.cpp b/cmds/stagefright/record.cpp
index 5743ad6..87e8832 100644
--- a/cmds/stagefright/record.cpp
+++ b/cmds/stagefright/record.cpp
@@ -89,6 +89,9 @@
         if (err != OK) {
             return err;
         }
+        if (buffer == nullptr) {
+            return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+        }
 
         char x = (char)((double)rand() / RAND_MAX * 255);
         memset((*buffer)->data(), x, mSize);
diff --git a/media/audioaidlconversion/include/media/AidlConversionUtil.h b/media/audioaidlconversion/include/media/AidlConversionUtil.h
index 28c7522..a7a96b8 100644
--- a/media/audioaidlconversion/include/media/AidlConversionUtil.h
+++ b/media/audioaidlconversion/include/media/AidlConversionUtil.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <error/Result.h>
 
 #if defined(BACKEND_NDK)
+#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
 #include <android/binder_enums.h>
 #include <android/binder_status.h>
 
@@ -362,6 +363,20 @@
                                                     // standard Java exception (fromExceptionCode)
 }
 
+#if defined(BACKEND_NDK)
+static inline ::android::status_t statusTFromBinderStatus(const ::ndk::ScopedAStatus &status) {
+    // What we want to do is to 'return statusTFromBinderStatus(status.get()->get())'
+    // However, since the definition of AStatus is not exposed, we have to do the same
+    // via methods of ScopedAStatus:
+    return status.isOk() ? ::android::OK // check ::android::OK,
+        : status.getServiceSpecificError() // service-side error, not standard Java exception
+                                           // (fromServiceSpecificError)
+        ?: status.getStatus() // a native binder transaction error (fromStatusT)
+        ?: statusTFromExceptionCode(status.getExceptionCode()); // a service-side error with a
+                                                     // standard Java exception (fromExceptionCode)
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * Return a binder::Status from native service status.
  *
@@ -403,4 +418,4 @@
 
 #if defined(BACKEND_NDK)
 }  // namespace aidl
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalAidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalAidl.cpp
index 31c5ca5..daa68a1 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalAidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectHalAidl.cpp
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "EffectHalAidl"
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
+#include <error/expected_utils.h>
 #include <media/AidlConversionCppNdk.h>
 #include <media/AidlConversionNdk.h>
-#include <media/audiohal/AudioHalUtils.h>
+#include <media/AidlConversionUtil.h>
 #include <media/EffectsFactoryApi.h>
 #include <mediautils/TimeCheck.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IEffect.h>
 
+using ::aidl::android::aidl_utils::statusTFromBinderStatus;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::CommandId;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@
     memcpy(&mConfig, pCmdData, cmdSize);
 
     State state;
-    RETURN_IF_BINDER_FAIL(mEffect->getState(&state));
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(statusTFromBinderStatus(mEffect->getState(&state)));
     // effect not open yet, save settings locally
     if (state != State::INIT) {
         effect_config_t* legacyConfig = static_cast<effect_config_t*>(pCmdData);
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@
         Parameter::Id id;
         id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
         aidlParam.set<Parameter::common>(aidlCommon);
-        RETURN_IF_BINDER_FAIL(mEffect->setParameter(aidlParam));
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(statusTFromBinderStatus(mEffect->setParameter(aidlParam)));
     }
     *(int*)pReplyData = 0;
     *static_cast<int32_t*>(pReplyData) = OK;
@@ -153,7 +155,8 @@
             // open with default effect_config_t (convert to Parameter.Common)
             IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
             Parameter::Common common;
-            RETURN_IF_BINDER_FAIL(mEffect->open(common, std::nullopt, &ret));
+            RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(
+                    statusTFromBinderStatus(mEffect->open(common, std::nullopt, &ret)));
             return OK;
         }
         case EFFECT_CMD_SET_CONFIG:
@@ -212,7 +215,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     Descriptor aidlDesc;
-    RETURN_IF_BINDER_FAIL(mEffect->getDescriptor(&aidlDesc));
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(statusTFromBinderStatus(mEffect->getDescriptor(&aidlDesc)));
 
     *pDescriptor = VALUE_OR_RETURN_STATUS(
             ::aidl::android::aidl2legacy_Descriptor_effect_descriptor(aidlDesc));
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalAidl.cpp b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalAidl.cpp
index 0039c86..c6234e4 100644
--- a/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalAidl.cpp
+++ b/media/libaudiohal/impl/EffectsFactoryHalAidl.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
 #include <media/AidlConversionCppNdk.h>
 #include <media/AidlConversionNdk.h>
-#include <media/audiohal/AudioHalUtils.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include "EffectBufferHalAidl.h"
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@
 
     {
         std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
-        RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(queryEffectList_l());
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(queryEffectList_l());
         *pNumEffects = mDescList->size();
     }
     ALOGI("%s %d", __func__, *pNumEffects);
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@
     }
 
     std::lock_guard lg(mLock);
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(queryEffectList_l());
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(queryEffectList_l());
 
     auto listSize = mDescList->size();
     if (index >= listSize) {
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     if (!mDescList) {
-        RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(queryEffectList_l());
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(queryEffectList_l());
     }
 
     auto matchIt = std::find_if(mDescList->begin(), mDescList->end(),
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
     if (!mDescList) {
-        RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(queryEffectList_l());
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(queryEffectList_l());
     }
     std::vector<Descriptor> result;
     std::copy_if(mDescList->begin(), mDescList->end(), std::back_inserter(result),
diff --git a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/AudioHalUtils.h b/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/AudioHalUtils.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 4862cba..0000000
--- a/media/libaudiohal/include/media/audiohal/AudioHalUtils.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#define RETURN_IF_BINDER_FAIL(expr)                                              \
-    do {                                                                         \
-        const ::ndk::ScopedAStatus _temp_status_ = (expr);                       \
-        if (!_temp_status_.isOk()) {                                             \
-            ALOGE("%s:%d return with expr %s msg %s", __func__, __LINE__, #expr, \
-                  _temp_status_.getMessage());                                   \
-            return _temp_status_.getStatus();                                    \
-        }                                                                        \
-    } while (false)
-
-#define RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(statement) \
-    do {                            \
-        auto tmp = (statement);     \
-        if (tmp != OK) {            \
-            return tmp;             \
-        }                           \
-    } while (false)
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/aac/AACExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/aac/AACExtractor.cpp
index 2fc4584..a44fb61 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/aac/AACExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/aac/AACExtractor.cpp
@@ -310,9 +310,9 @@
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_END_OF_STREAM;
     }
 
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    if (err != OK || buffer == nullptr) {
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/amr/AMRExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/amr/AMRExtractor.cpp
index e26ff0a..b0f69ce 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/amr/AMRExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/amr/AMRExtractor.cpp
@@ -341,9 +341,9 @@
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_MALFORMED;
     }
 
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    if (err != OK || buffer == nullptr) {
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/flac/FLACExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/flac/FLACExtractor.cpp
index ec7cb24..2434e41 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/flac/FLACExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/flac/FLACExtractor.cpp
@@ -614,9 +614,9 @@
     }
     // acquire a media buffer
     CHECK(mGroup != NULL);
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    if (err != OK || buffer == nullptr) {
         return NULL;
     }
     const size_t bufferSize = blocksize * getChannels() * getOutputSampleSize();
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/midi/MidiExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/midi/MidiExtractor.cpp
index d0efb2f..167cc40 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/midi/MidiExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/midi/MidiExtractor.cpp
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@
     if ((state == EAS_STATE_STOPPED) || (state == EAS_STATE_ERROR)) {
         return NULL;
     }
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    if (err != OK || buffer == nullptr) {
         ALOGE("readBuffer: no buffer");
         return NULL;
     }
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mkv/MatroskaExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mkv/MatroskaExtractor.cpp
index 443e26c..2b72387 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mkv/MatroskaExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mkv/MatroskaExtractor.cpp
@@ -790,6 +790,7 @@
     int64_t timeUs = mBlockIter.blockTimeUs();
 
     for (int i = 0; i < block->GetFrameCount(); ++i) {
+        status_t err;
         MatroskaExtractor::TrackInfo *trackInfo = &mExtractor->mTracks.editItemAt(mTrackIndex);
         const mkvparser::Block::Frame &frame = block->GetFrame(i);
         size_t len = frame.len;
@@ -798,8 +799,13 @@
         }
 
         len += trackInfo->mHeaderLen;
-        MediaBufferHelper *mbuf;
-        mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&mbuf, false /* nonblocking */, len /* requested size */);
+        MediaBufferHelper *mbuf = nullptr;
+        err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&mbuf, false /* nonblocking */,
+                                           len /* requested size */);
+        if (err != OK || mbuf == nullptr) {
+            ALOGE("readBlock: no buffer");
+            return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+        }
         mbuf->set_range(0, len);
         uint8_t *data = static_cast<uint8_t *>(mbuf->data());
         if (trackInfo->mHeader) {
@@ -832,7 +838,7 @@
             }
         }
 
-        status_t err = frame.Read(mExtractor->mReader, data + trackInfo->mHeaderLen);
+        err = frame.Read(mExtractor->mReader, data + trackInfo->mHeaderLen);
         if (err == OK
                 && mExtractor->mIsWebm
                 && trackInfo->mEncrypted) {
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
index 248a39c..328b790 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mp3/MP3Extractor.cpp
@@ -521,9 +521,9 @@
         mSamplesRead = 0;
     }
 
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
-    if (err != OK) {
+    if (err != OK || buffer == nullptr) {
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
     }
 
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
index 3a5a869..1d88785 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mp4/MPEG4Extractor.cpp
@@ -6337,7 +6337,7 @@
 
         err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&mBuffer);
 
-        if (err != OK) {
+        if (err != OK || mBuffer == nullptr) {
             CHECK(mBuffer == NULL);
             return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
         }
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2PSExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2PSExtractor.cpp
index afd28ef..44c8937 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2PSExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2PSExtractor.cpp
@@ -699,11 +699,26 @@
         }
     }
 
-    MediaBufferBase *mbuf;
-    mSource->read(&mbuf, (MediaTrack::ReadOptions*) options);
+    MediaBufferBase *mbuf = nullptr;
+    status_t err_read = mSource->read(&mbuf, (MediaTrack::ReadOptions*) options);
+    if (mbuf == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("Track::read: null buffer read from source");
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+    if (err_read != OK) {
+        ALOGE("Track::read: no buffer read from source");
+        mbuf->release();
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
     size_t length = mbuf->range_length();
-    MediaBufferHelper *outbuf;
-    mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&outbuf, false, length);
+    MediaBufferHelper *outbuf = nullptr;
+    status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&outbuf, false, length);
+    if (err != OK || outbuf == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("Track::read: no buffer");
+        mbuf->release();
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
     memcpy(outbuf->data(), mbuf->data(), length);
     outbuf->set_range(0, length);
     *buffer = outbuf;
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2TSExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2TSExtractor.cpp
index 9a3cd92..736b817 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2TSExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/mpeg2/MPEG2TSExtractor.cpp
@@ -182,11 +182,26 @@
         return AMEDIA_ERROR_END_OF_STREAM;
     }
 
-    MediaBufferBase *mbuf;
-    mImpl->read(&mbuf, (MediaTrack::ReadOptions*) options);
+    MediaBufferBase *mbuf = nullptr;
+    status_t err_read = mImpl->read(&mbuf, (MediaTrack::ReadOptions*) options);
+    if (mbuf == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("Track::read: null buffer read from source");
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+    if (err_read != OK) {
+        ALOGE("Track::read: no buffer read from source");
+        mbuf->release();
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
     size_t length = mbuf->range_length();
-    MediaBufferHelper *outbuf;
-    mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&outbuf, false, length);
+    MediaBufferHelper *outbuf = nullptr;
+    status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&outbuf, false, length);
+    if (err != OK || outbuf == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("read: no buffer");
+        mbuf->release();
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
     memcpy(outbuf->data(), mbuf->data(), length);
     outbuf->set_range(0, length);
     *out = outbuf;
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/ogg/OggExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/ogg/OggExtractor.cpp
index eb2246d..1c6f516 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/ogg/OggExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/ogg/OggExtractor.cpp
@@ -790,7 +790,8 @@
             }
             MediaBufferHelper *tmp;
             if (mBufferGroup) {
-                mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&tmp, false, fullSize);
+                // ignore return code here. instead, check tmp below.
+                (void) mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&tmp, false, fullSize);
                 ALOGV("acquired buffer %p from group", tmp);
             } else {
                 tmp = new StandAloneMediaBuffer(fullSize);
@@ -924,13 +925,16 @@
 status_t MyOggExtractor::init() {
     AMediaFormat_setString(mMeta, AMEDIAFORMAT_KEY_MIME, mMimeType);
 
-    media_status_t err;
-    MediaBufferHelper *packet;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mNumHeaders; ++i) {
+        media_status_t err;
+        MediaBufferHelper *packet = nullptr;
         // ignore timestamp for configuration packets
         if ((err = _readNextPacket(&packet, /* calcVorbisTimestamp = */ false)) != AMEDIA_OK) {
             return err;
         }
+        if (packet == nullptr) {
+            return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+        }
         ALOGV("read packet of size %zu\n", packet->range_length());
         err = verifyHeader(packet, /* type = */ i * 2 + 1);
         packet->release();
diff --git a/media/module/extractors/wav/WAVExtractor.cpp b/media/module/extractors/wav/WAVExtractor.cpp
index 9e94587..9c3bac6 100644
--- a/media/module/extractors/wav/WAVExtractor.cpp
+++ b/media/module/extractors/wav/WAVExtractor.cpp
@@ -459,11 +459,15 @@
         mCurrentPos = pos + mOffset;
     }
 
-    MediaBufferHelper *buffer;
+    MediaBufferHelper *buffer = nullptr;
     media_status_t err = mBufferGroup->acquire_buffer(&buffer);
     if (err != OK) {
         return err;
     }
+    if (buffer == nullptr) {
+        ALOGE("acquire_buffer OK, but no buffer");
+        return AMEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+    }
 
     // maxBytesToRead may be reduced so that in-place data conversion will fit in buffer size.
     const size_t bufferSize = std::min(buffer->size(), kMaxFrameSize);
diff --git a/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp b/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
index ceb3e6a..18c0b50 100644
--- a/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
+++ b/services/mediametrics/MediaMetricsService.cpp
@@ -511,6 +511,8 @@
     const std::string &key = item->getKey();
     if (startsWith(key, "audio.")) return true;
     if (startsWith(key, "drm.vendor.")) return true;
+    if (startsWith(key, "mediadrm.")) return true;
+
     // the list of allowedKey uses statsd_handlers
     // in iface_statsd.cpp as reference
     // drmmanager is from a trusted uid, therefore not needed here