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Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +01001*various.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2012 Dec 06
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +00002
3
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
5
6
7Various commands *various*
8
91. Various commands |various-cmds|
Bram Moolenaar91604412010-06-03 20:25:18 +0200102. Using Vim like less or more |less|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000011
12==============================================================================
131. Various commands *various-cmds*
14
15 *CTRL-L*
Bram Moolenaar30abd282005-06-22 22:35:10 +000016CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen
17 later, after processing typeahead.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000018
19 *:redr* *:redraw*
20:redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is
21 cleared first.
22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script
23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and
24 'lazyredraw' is set.
25
26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus*
27:redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When !
28 is included all status lines are redrawn.
29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline'
30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic
31 updating.
32
33 *N<Del>*
34<Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit.
35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this
36 mapping to your .vimrc: >
37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del>
38< See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you
39 want.
40
41:as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii*
42ga Print the ascii value of the character under the
43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For
44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R':
45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~
46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character,
47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the
48 non-printable version is also given. When the
49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also
50 printed. For example:
51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~
52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~
53 (where <p> is a special character)
54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as
55 <NL>, but it will be shown as:
56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~
Bram Moolenaar362e1a32006-03-06 23:29:24 +000057 If the character has composing characters these are
58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000059 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi}
60
61 *g8*
62g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the
63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8|
Bram Moolenaar362e1a32006-03-06 23:29:24 +000064 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The
65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter.
66 Example of a character with two composing characters:
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000067 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~
Bram Moolenaarca003e12006-03-17 23:19:38 +000068 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte|
69 feature}
70
71 *8g8*
728g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the
73 cursor. This works in two situations:
74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding
75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is
76 any 8-bit encoding
77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was
78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit
79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes.
80 Does not wrap around the end of the file.
81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the
82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command
83 won't move the cursor.
84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte|
85 feature}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000086
Bram Moolenaar551dbcc2006-04-25 22:13:59 +000087 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000088:[range]p[rint] [flags]
89 Print [range] lines (default current line).
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000090 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000091 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the
92 File.Print menu entry.
93 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000094
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000095:[range]p[rint] {count} [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000096 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default
97 current line |cmdline-ranges|).
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000098 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000099
100 *:P* *:Print*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000101:[range]P[rint] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for
103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long...
Bram Moolenaar166af9b2010-11-16 20:34:40 +0100104 Note: A user command can overrule this command.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000105 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000106
107 *:l* *:list*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000108:[range]l[ist] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000109 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters
Bram Moolenaarf9d5ca12010-08-01 16:13:51 +0200110 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be
Bram Moolenaard58e9292011-02-09 17:07:58 +0100111 further changed with the 'listchars' option.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000112 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000113
114 *:nu* *:number*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000115:[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000116 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line
Bram Moolenaarfaa959a2006-02-20 21:37:40 +0000117 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth'
118 option).
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000119 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000120
121 *:#*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000122:[range]# [count] [flags]
123 synonym for :number.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000124
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000125 *:#!*
126:#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: >
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000127 #!vim -S
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000128 echo "this is a Vim script"
129 quit
130<
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000131 *:z* *E144*
132:{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line
133 specified with {range}, or around the current line
134 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's
Bram Moolenaar4399ef42005-02-12 14:29:27 +0000135 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window
Bram Moolenaar662db672011-03-22 14:05:35 +0100136 then twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used,
137 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000138
Bram Moolenaarb6b046b2011-12-30 13:11:27 +0100139 If there is a {count} the 'window' option is set to
140 its value.
141
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000142 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of
143 several punctuation marks. These have the following
144 effect:
145
Bram Moolenaar662db672011-03-22 14:05:35 +0100146 mark first line last line new cursor line ~
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000147 ---- ---------- --------- ------------
148 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward
149 - 1 scr back current line current line
150 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back
Bram Moolenaar2a8d1f82005-02-05 21:43:56 +0000151 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd
152 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000153
154 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+".
155 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed
156 around the current line.
157
158:{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#*
159 Like ":z", but number the lines.
160 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments}
161
162 *:=*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000163:= [flags] Print the last line number.
164 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000165
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000166:{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example,
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000167 this prints the current line number: >
168 :.=
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000169< See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000170
171:norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal*
172 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes
173 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on
Bram Moolenaar4a748032010-09-30 21:47:56 +0200174 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they
175 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together.
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000176 Execution stops when an error is encountered.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100177
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000178 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100179 Without it, when this command is called from a
180 non-remappable mapping (|:noremap|), the argument can
181 be mapped anyway.
182
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000183 {commands} should be a complete command. If
184 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one
185 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000186 This implies that an insert command must be completed
187 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":"
Bram Moolenaar7c626922005-02-07 22:01:03 +0000188 command must be completed as well. And you can't use
189 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100190
191 The display is not updated while ":normal" is busy.
192
Bram Moolenaar8f3f58f2010-01-06 20:52:26 +0100193 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of
194 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100195
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000196 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100197
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000198 This command cannot be followed by another command,
199 since any '|' is considered part of the command.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100200
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000201 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is
202 limited by 'maxmapdepth'.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100203
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000204 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an
205 expression as argument. This allows the use of
Bram Moolenaar46f9d492010-06-12 20:18:19 +0200206 printable characters to represent special characters.
Bram Moolenaara3e6bc92013-01-30 14:18:00 +0100207
Bram Moolenaar46f9d492010-06-12 20:18:19 +0200208 Example: >
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000209 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>"
210< {not in Vi, of course}
211 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was
212 disabled at compile time}
213
214:{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range*
215 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line
216 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the
217 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range,
218 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the
219 ":normal" command without a range.
220 {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaardb84e452010-08-15 13:50:43 +0200221 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled
222 at compile time}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000223
224 *:sh* *:shell* *E371*
225:sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits
226 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The
227 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option.
228 *E360*
229 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was
230 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the
231 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive
232 mode.
233
234 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34*
235:!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell'
236 and 'shelltype' option.
237 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous
238 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when
239 there is a backslash before the '!', then that
240 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by
241 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!".
242 After the command has been executed, the timestamp of
243 the current file is checked |timestamp|.
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000244 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use
245 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000246 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is
247 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if
248 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed
249 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many
250 backslashes are before the newline, only one is
251 removed.
252 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive
253 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used
254 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic".
255 For Win32 also see |:!start|.
256 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished,
257 because it may have printed any text. This requires a
258 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages.
259 To avoid this use: >
260 :silent !{cmd}
261< The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use
262 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display
263 something.
264 Also see |shell-window|.
265
266 *:!!*
267:!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}".
268
269 *:ve* *:version*
270:ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the
271 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation
272 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is
273 shown.
274 The following lines contain information about which
275 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When
276 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included,
277 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this,
278 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim.
279 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|.
280 Here is an overview of the features.
281 The first column shows the smallest version in which
282 they are included:
283 T tiny
284 S small
285 N normal
286 B big
287 H huge
288 m manually enabled or depends on other features
289 (none) system dependent
290 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included
291 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim.
292
293 *+feature-list*
294 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included
295B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support
296N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands
Bram Moolenaar4d34b432005-03-07 23:22:00 +0000297m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with
298 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either
299 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000300N *+browse* |:browse| command
301N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms|
302B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms|
303N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go"
304 and ":goto" commands.
305N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting
306N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver|
307 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support
308N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion|
309N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history|
310N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'|
311N *+comments* |'comments'| support
Bram Moolenaarca8c9862010-07-24 15:00:38 +0200312B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000313N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption|
314B *+cscope* |cscope| support
Bram Moolenaar860cae12010-06-05 23:22:07 +0200315m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support
Bram Moolenaarac6e65f2005-08-29 22:25:38 +0000316m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support
317m *+debug* Compiled for debugging.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000318N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog.
319N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog.
320N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog.
321N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff'
322N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196*
323 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|.
324B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files
325N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt|
326N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|,
327 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right|
328N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options.
329B *+farsi* |farsi| language
330N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>|
331N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|,
332 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc.
333N *+folding* |folding|
334 *+footer* |gui-footer|
335 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000336 *+float* Floating point support
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000337N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang|
338 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI|
339 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000340 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI|
341 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI|
342 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI|
343m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000344 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function
345 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000346N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion
347N *+jumplist* |jumplist|
348B *+keymap* |'keymap'|
349B *+langmap* |'langmap'|
350N *+libcall* |libcall()|
351N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'|
352N *+lispindent* |'lisp'|
353N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden|
354 and argument list |:argdelete|
355N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local|
Bram Moolenaar0ba04292010-07-14 23:23:17 +0200356m *+lua* |Lua| interface
357m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000358N *+menu* |:menu|
359N *+mksession* |:mksession|
360N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers|
361N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using|
362N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'|
363B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse|
364N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse|
365B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100366N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal|
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000367N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse|
Bram Moolenaar9b451252012-08-15 17:43:31 +0200368B *+mouse_sgr* Unix only: sgr mouse handling |sgr-mouse|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100369B *+mouse_urxvt* Unix only: urxvt mouse handling |urxvt-mouse|
370N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse|
371B *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000372 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100373N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang|
Bram Moolenaar325b7a22004-07-05 15:58:32 +0000374m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme|
Bram Moolenaar4770d092006-01-12 23:22:24 +0000375m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000376m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100377m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface|
378N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags'
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000379m *+perl* Perl interface |perl|
380m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar7fc0c062010-08-10 21:43:35 +0200381N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100382 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000383N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command
Bram Moolenaar19a09a12005-03-04 23:39:37 +0000384H *+profile* |:profile| command
Bram Moolenaar60aad972010-07-21 20:36:22 +0200385m *+python* Python 2 interface |python|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100386m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar60aad972010-07-21 20:36:22 +0200387m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100388m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000389N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000390N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout,
391 'redrawtime' option
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000392B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000393m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby|
394m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100395N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000396B *+signs* |:sign|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100397N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000398m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100399N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument
400N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000401 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring'
402m *+sun_workshop* |workshop|
403N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax|
404 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100405N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000406N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static|
407m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100408m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000409m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000410 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap
411N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100412N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000413 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000414N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon'
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000415N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar|
416N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands|
417N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'|
418N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100419N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000420S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100421N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000422N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr|
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100423N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000424N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'|
425S *+windows* more than one window
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100426m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on
427m *+xim* X input method |xim|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000428 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset|
Bram Moolenaar9b451252012-08-15 17:43:31 +0200429m *+xpm_w32* Win32 GUI only: pixmap support |w32-xpm-support|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000430 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support
431 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support
432N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling
Bram Moolenaar34feacb2012-12-05 19:01:43 +0100433m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens|
434N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000435
436 */dyn* *E370* *E448*
437 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the
438 feature is only available when the related library can
439 be dynamically loaded.
440
441:ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the
442 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed,
443 because you can now use the ":if" command for
444 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi}
445
446 *:redi* *:redir*
447:redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which
448 are the output of commands are written to that file,
449 until redirection ends. The messages are also still
450 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an
451 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted,
452 and {file} exists, this command fails.
453 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to
454 ":redir" will close any active redirection before
455 starting redirection to the new target.
456 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to
457 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it
458 with ":silent call Function()".
Bram Moolenaar54ee7752005-05-31 22:22:17 +0000459 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option,
460 this can be used in combination with ":redir".
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000461 {not in Vi}
462
463:redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file}
464 already exists. {not in Vi}
465
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000466:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}
Bram Moolenaar6c0b44b2005-06-01 21:56:33 +0000467:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000468 contents of the register if its name is given
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000469 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is
470 optional. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar34cdc3e2005-05-18 22:24:46 +0000471:redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000472
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000473:redi[r] @*>
474:redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For
475 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register
476 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|.
477 {not in Vi}
478:redi[r] @*>>
479:redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard.
480 {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000481
Bram Moolenaar6c0b44b2005-06-01 21:56:33 +0000482:redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For
483 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register
484 name can be omitted. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar34cdc3e2005-05-18 22:24:46 +0000485:redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000486
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000487:redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable
488 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable
489 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string.
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000490 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000491 Only string variables can be used. After the
492 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or
493 locked or the variable type is changed, then further
494 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi}
495
496:redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string
497 variables can be used. {not in Vi}
498
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000499:redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi}
500
501 *:sil* *:silent*
502:sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not
503 be given or added to the message history.
504 When [!] is added, error messages will also be
505 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted
506 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set.
507 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause
508 further messages to be displayed normally.
509 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as
510 usual, although there might be small differences.
511 This will allow redirecting the output of a command
512 without seeing it on the screen. Example: >
513 :redir >/tmp/foobar
514 :silent g/Aap/p
515 :redir END
516< To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the
517 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a
518 string without messages: >
519 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>"
520< ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may
521 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: >
522 :let v:errmsg = ""
523 :silent! /^begin
524 :if v:errmsg != ""
525 : ... pattern was not found
526< ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When
527 using this for an external command, this may cause the
528 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up
529 then.
530 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a
531 Command-line command. The command will still produce
532 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself
533 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command".
534
Bram Moolenaar8e258a42009-07-09 13:55:43 +0000535 *:uns* *:unsilent*
536:uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a
537 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this
538 command.
539 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was
540 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the
541 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be
542 able to list the first line of each file. >
543 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1)
544<
545
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000546 *:verb* *:verbose*
547:[count]verb[ose] {command}
548 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If
Bram Moolenaared203462004-06-16 11:19:22 +0000549 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be
550 used to set 'verbose' to zero.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000551 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages
552 generated but not displayed.
553 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be
554 used to generate messages and check them with
555 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: >
556 :let v:statusmsg = ""
557 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim
558 :if v:statusmsg != ""
559 : " foobar.vim could not be found
560 :endif
561< When concatenating another command, the ":verbose"
562 only applies to the first one: >
563 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose
564< verbose=4 ~
565 verbose=0 ~
Bram Moolenaar54ee7752005-05-31 22:22:17 +0000566 For logging verbose messages in a file use the
567 'verbosefile' option.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000568
Bram Moolenaar8aff23a2005-08-19 20:40:30 +0000569 *:verbose-cmd*
570When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or
Bram Moolenaare344bea2005-09-01 20:46:49 +0000571an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group
572or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was
573defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was
574defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in
575which it was defined is reported.
Bram Moolenaardb84e452010-08-15 13:50:43 +0200576{not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature}
Bram Moolenaar8aff23a2005-08-19 20:40:30 +0000577
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000578 *K*
579K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the
580 cursor. The name of the program is given with the
581 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The
582 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the
583 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or
584 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done
585 with the command >
586 :!{program} {keyword}
587< There is an example of a program to use in the tools
588 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a
589 simple spelling check.
590 Special cases:
591 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is
592 used. It's a good idea to include more characters
593 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help.
594 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before
595 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before
596 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the
597 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: >
598 !man 2 mkdir
599< - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count
600 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is
601 no count, the "-s" is removed.
602 {not in Vi}
603
604 *v_K*
605{Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for
606 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is
607 not more than one line. {not in Vi}
608
609[N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep*
610:[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included,
Bram Moolenaar13fcaaf2005-04-15 21:13:42 +0000611 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000612 uses seconds. The default is one second. >
613 :sleep "sleep for one second
614 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds
615 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds
616 10gs "sleep for ten seconds
617< Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS).
Bram Moolenaar677ee682005-01-27 14:41:15 +0000618 "gs" stands for "goto sleep".
619 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text,
620 if at a visible position. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar15146672011-10-20 22:22:38 +0200621 Also process the received netbeans messages. {only
622 available when compiled with the |+netbeans_intg|
623 feature}
624
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000625
626 *g_CTRL-A*
627g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined
628 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics.
629 Only useful for debugging Vim.
630
631==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar24ea3ba2010-09-19 19:01:21 +02006322. Using Vim like less or more *less*
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000633
634If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax
635highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by
636using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh".
637
638This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets
639up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can
640still use the Vim commands.
641
642This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use
643the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax
644highlighting.
645
646The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands.
647
648 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: