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Bram Moolenaar63f32602022-06-09 20:45:54 +01001*terminal.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2022 Jun 09
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02002
3
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
5
6
Bram Moolenaarb1c91982018-05-17 17:04:55 +02007Terminal window support *terminal* *terminal-window*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02008
9
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +020010The terminal feature is optional, use this to check if your Vim has it: >
11 echo has('terminal')
12If the result is "1" you have it.
13
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020014
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200151. Basic use |terminal-use|
16 Typing |terminal-typing|
17 Size and color |terminal-size-color|
18 Command syntax |:terminal|
19 Resizing |terminal-resizing|
20 Terminal Modes |Terminal-mode|
21 Cursor style |terminal-cursor-style|
22 Session |terminal-session|
23 Special keys |terminal-special-keys|
24 Unix |terminal-unix|
25 MS-Windows |terminal-ms-windows|
262. Terminal functions |terminal-function-details|
273. Terminal communication |terminal-communication|
28 Vim to job: term_sendkeys() |terminal-to-job|
29 Job to Vim: JSON API |terminal-api|
30 Using the client-server feature |terminal-client-server|
314. Remote testing |terminal-testing|
325. Diffing screen dumps |terminal-diff|
33 Writing a screen dump test for Vim |terminal-dumptest|
34 Creating a screen dump |terminal-screendump|
35 Comparing screen dumps |terminal-diffscreendump|
366. Debugging |terminal-debug|
37 Starting |termdebug-starting|
38 Example session |termdebug-example|
39 Stepping through code |termdebug-stepping|
40 Inspecting variables |termdebug-variables|
41 Other commands |termdebug-commands|
Bram Moolenaar2f0936c2022-01-08 21:51:59 +000042 Events |termdebug-events|
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020043 Prompt mode |termdebug-prompt|
44 Communication |termdebug-communication|
45 Customizing |termdebug-customizing|
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020046
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +020047{only available when compiled with the |+terminal| feature}
Bram Moolenaar4c92e752019-02-17 21:18:32 +010048The terminal feature requires the |+job| and |+channel| features.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020049
50==============================================================================
511. Basic use *terminal-use*
52
53This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window. A job can be
54started connected to the terminal emulator. For example, to run a shell: >
55 :term bash
56
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +020057Or to run build command: >
58 :term make myprogram
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020059
60The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to show
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +020061output from the job, also while editing in another window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020062
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020063
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +020064Typing ~
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +020065 *terminal-typing*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +020066When the keyboard focus is in the terminal window, typed keys will be sent to
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +020067the job. This uses a pty when possible. You can click outside of the
68terminal window to move keyboard focus elsewhere.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020069
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010070 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-W* *t_CTRL-W_:*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020071CTRL-W can be used to navigate between windows and other CTRL-W commands, e.g.:
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +010072 CTRL-W CTRL-W move focus to the next window
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020073 CTRL-W : enter an Ex command
74See |CTRL-W| for more commands.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020075
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +010076Special in the terminal window: *t_CTRL-W_.* *t_CTRL-W_N*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020077 CTRL-W . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaarb59118d2018-04-13 22:11:56 +020078 CTRL-W CTRL-\ send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +020079 CTRL-W N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
80 CTRL-\ CTRL-N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010081 CTRL-W " {reg} paste register {reg} *t_CTRL-W_quote*
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +020082 Also works with the = register to insert the result of
83 evaluating an expression.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +020084 CTRL-W CTRL-C ends the job, see below |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010085 CTRL-W gt go to next tabpage, same as `gt` *t_CTRL-W_gt*
86 CTRL-W gT go to previous tabpage, same as `gT` *t_CTRL-W_gT*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020087
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +020088See option 'termwinkey' for specifying another key instead of CTRL-W that
89will work like CTRL-W. However, typing 'termwinkey' twice sends 'termwinkey'
90to the job. For example:
91 'termwinkey' CTRL-W move focus to the next window
92 'termwinkey' : enter an Ex command
93 'termwinkey' 'termwinkey' send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaardcdeaaf2018-06-17 22:19:12 +020094 'termwinkey' . send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
95 'termwinkey' CTRL-\ send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +020096 'termwinkey' N go to terminal Normal mode, see below
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010097 'termwinkey' CTRL-N same as CTRL-W N |t_CTRL-W_N|
98 'termwinkey' CTRL-C same as CTRL-W CTRL-C |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
Bram Moolenaar69198192017-08-05 14:10:48 +020099 *t_CTRL-\_CTRL-N*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200100The special key combination CTRL-\ CTRL-N can be used to switch to Normal
101mode, just like this works in any other mode.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200102 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C*
103CTRL-W CTRL-C can be typed to forcefully end the job. On MS-Windows a
Bram Moolenaar63f32602022-06-09 20:45:54 +0100104CTRL-Break will also kill the job.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200105
106If you type CTRL-C the effect depends on what the pty has been configured to
107do. For simple commands this causes a SIGINT to be sent to the job, which
108would end it. Other commands may ignore the SIGINT or handle the CTRL-C
109themselves (like Vim does).
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200110
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200111To change the keys you type use terminal mode mappings, see |:tmap|.
112These are defined like any mapping, but apply only when typing keys that are
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100113sent to the job running in the terminal. For example, to make F1 switch
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200114to Terminal-Normal mode: >
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100115 tnoremap <F1> <C-W>N
116You can use Esc, but you need to make sure it won't cause other keys to
Bram Moolenaaracc22402020-06-07 21:07:18 +0200117break (cursor keys start with an Esc, so they may break), this probably only
118works in the GUI: >
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200119 tnoremap <Esc> <C-W>N
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100120 set notimeout ttimeout timeoutlen=100
121
Bram Moolenaar4c5d8152018-10-19 22:36:53 +0200122You can also create menus similar to terminal mode mappings, but you have to
123use |:tlmenu| instead of |:tmenu|.
124
Bram Moolenaar7ceefb32020-05-01 16:07:38 +0200125 *options-in-terminal*
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200126After opening the terminal window and setting 'buftype' to "terminal" the
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100127|TerminalWinOpen| autocommand event is triggered. This makes it possible to set
128options specifically for the terminal window and buffer. Example: >
129 au TerminalWinOpen * setlocal bufhidden=hide
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100130This only works properly if the terminal is not hidden.
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100131
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100132For both hidden and non-hidden terminals this works, both for buffer-local and
133window-local options: >
134 au TerminalWinOpen,BufWinEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal'
135 \ | setlocal bufhidden=hide colorcolumn=123
136 \ | endif
137Note that for a hidden terminal the options are not set until the terminal is
138no longer hidden.
139
140There is also the |TerminalOpen| event. Keep in mind this may be triggered
141for a hidden terminal, then the current window and buffer are not that of the
142new terminal.
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100143You need to use <abuf>, which is set to the terminal buffer. Example: >
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100144 au TerminalOpen * call setbufvar(expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(),
145 \ '&termwinscroll', 1000)
146For a window-local option, you need to delay setting the option until the
147terminal window has been created (this only works for a hidden terminal): >
148 au TerminalOpen * exe printf(
149 \ 'au BufWinEnter <buffer=%d> ++once setlocal colorcolumn=%d',
150 \ expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(), 123)
151For a non-hidden terminal use |TerminalWinOpen|.
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200152
Bram Moolenaar52dbb5e2017-11-21 18:11:27 +0100153Mouse events (click and drag) are passed to the terminal. Mouse move events
154are only passed when Vim itself is receiving them. For a terminal that is
155when 'balloonevalterm' is enabled.
156
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +0200157
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200158Size and color ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100159 *terminal-size-color*
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200160See option 'termwinsize' for controlling the size of the terminal window.
Bram Moolenaar74675a62017-07-15 13:53:23 +0200161(TODO: scrolling when the terminal is larger than the window)
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200162
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +0200163The job running in the terminal can change the colors. The default foreground
164and background colors are taken from Vim, the Normal highlight group.
165
166For a color terminal the 'background' option is used to decide whether the
167terminal window will start with a white or black background.
168
Bram Moolenaardf980db2017-12-24 13:22:00 +0100169To use a different color the Terminal highlight group can be used, for
170example: >
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +0200171 hi Terminal ctermbg=lightgrey ctermfg=blue guibg=lightgrey guifg=blue
Bram Moolenaar83d47902020-03-26 20:34:00 +0100172Instead of Terminal another group can be specified with the "term_highlight"
173option for `term_start()`.
174
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200175 *g:terminal_ansi_colors*
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200176In GUI mode or with 'termguicolors', the 16 ANSI colors used by default in new
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200177terminal windows may be configured using the variable
178`g:terminal_ansi_colors`, which should be a list of 16 color names or
179hexadecimal color codes, similar to those accepted by |highlight-guifg|. When
180not using GUI colors, the terminal window always uses the 16 ANSI colors of
181the underlying terminal.
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +0200182When using `term_start()` the colors can be set with the "ansi_colors" option.
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200183The |term_setansicolors()| function can be used to change the colors, and
184|term_getansicolors()| to get the currently used colors.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200185
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200186
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200187Command syntax ~
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200188
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200189:[range]ter[minal] [options] [command] *:ter* *:terminal*
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200190 Open a new terminal window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200191
192 If [command] is provided run it as a job and connect
193 the input and output to the terminal.
194 If [command] is not given the 'shell' option is used.
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200195 if [command] is NONE no job is started, the pty of the
196 terminal can be used by a command like gdb.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200197
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100198 If [command] is missing the default behavior is to
199 close the terminal when the shell exits. This can be
200 changed with the ++noclose argument.
201 If [command] is present the default behavior is to
202 keep the terminal open in Terminal-Normal mode. This
203 can be changed with the ++close argument.
204
Bram Moolenaar7ceefb32020-05-01 16:07:38 +0200205 No Vim command can follow, any | is included in
206 [command]. Use `:execute` if you must have a Vim
207 command following in the same line.
208
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200209 A new buffer will be created, using [command] or
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200210 'shell' as the name, prefixed with a "!". If a buffer
211 by this name already exists a number is added in
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200212 parentheses. E.g. if "gdb" exists the second terminal
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200213 buffer will use "!gdb (1)".
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200214
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200215 If [range] is given the specified lines are used as
216 input for the job. It will not be possible to type
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +0200217 keys in the terminal window. For MS-Windows see the
218 ++eof argument below.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200219
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200220 *term++close* *term++open*
221 Supported [options] are:
222 ++close The terminal window will close
223 automatically when the job terminates.
Bram Moolenaar4d14bac2019-10-20 21:15:15 +0200224 |terminal-close|
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100225 ++noclose The terminal window will NOT close
226 automatically when the job terminates.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200227 ++open When the job terminates and no window
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200228 shows it, a window will be opened.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200229 Note that this can be interruptive.
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100230 The last of ++close, ++noclose and ++open
231 matters and rules out earlier arguments.
232
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200233 ++curwin Open the terminal in the current
234 window, do not split the current
235 window. Fails if the current buffer
236 cannot be |abandon|ed.
237 ++hidden Open the terminal in a hidden buffer,
238 no window will be used.
Bram Moolenaarb5b75622018-03-09 22:22:21 +0100239 ++norestore Do not include this terminal window
240 in a session file.
Bram Moolenaar197c6b72019-11-03 23:37:12 +0100241 ++shell Instead of executing {command}
242 directly, use a shell, like with
243 `:!command` *E279*
Bram Moolenaar519cc552021-11-16 19:18:26 +0000244 {only works on Unix and MS-Windows}
Bram Moolenaar25cdd9c2018-03-10 20:28:12 +0100245 ++kill={how} When trying to close the terminal
246 window kill the job with {how}. See
247 |term_setkill()| for the values.
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200248 ++rows={height} Use {height} for the terminal window
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100249 height. If the terminal uses the full
250 Vim height (no window above or below
Bram Moolenaar0b0f0992018-05-22 21:41:30 +0200251 the terminal window) the command line
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100252 height will be reduced as needed.
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200253 ++cols={width} Use {width} for the terminal window
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100254 width. If the terminal uses the full
255 Vim width (no window left or right of
256 the terminal window) this value is
257 ignored.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200258 ++eof={text} When using [range]: text to send after
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +0200259 the last line was written. Cannot
260 contain white space. A CR is
261 appended. For MS-Windows the default
262 is to send CTRL-D.
Bram Moolenaaref68e4f2017-09-02 16:28:36 +0200263 E.g. for a shell use "++eof=exit" and
264 for Python "++eof=exit()". Special
265 codes can be used like with `:map`,
266 e.g. "<C-Z>" for CTRL-Z.
Bram Moolenaarc6ddce32019-02-08 12:47:03 +0100267 ++type={pty} (MS-Windows only): Use {pty} as the
268 virtual console. See 'termwintype'
269 for the values.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200270 ++api={expr} Permit the function name starting with
271 {expr} to be called as |terminal-api|
272 function. If {expr} is empty then no
273 function can be called.
Bram Moolenaarc6ddce32019-02-08 12:47:03 +0100274
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200275 If you want to use more options use the |term_start()|
276 function.
Bram Moolenaarfc65cab2018-08-28 22:58:02 +0200277 If you want to split the window vertically, use: >
278 :vertical terminal
279< Or short: >
280 :vert ter
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200281
Bram Moolenaar25cdd9c2018-03-10 20:28:12 +0100282When the buffer associated with the terminal is forcibly unloaded or wiped out
283the job is killed, similar to calling `job_stop(job, "kill")` .
284Closing the window normally results in |E947|. When a kill method was set
285with "++kill={how}" or |term_setkill()| then closing the window will use that
286way to kill or interrupt the job. For example: >
287 :term ++kill=term tail -f /tmp/log
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200288
Bram Moolenaare561a7e2017-08-29 22:44:59 +0200289So long as the job is running the window behaves like it contains a modified
Bram Moolenaaref68e4f2017-09-02 16:28:36 +0200290buffer. Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :quit` fails. When using
291`CTRL-W :quit!` the job is ended. The text in the window is lost. The buffer
292still exists, but getting it in a window with `:buffer` will show an empty
293buffer.
294
295Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :close` also fails. Using
296`CTRL-W :close!` will close the window and make the buffer hidden.
Bram Moolenaare561a7e2017-08-29 22:44:59 +0200297
298You can use `CTRL-W :hide` to close the terminal window and make the buffer
299hidden, the job keeps running. The `:buffer` command can be used to turn the
300current window into a terminal window. If there are unsaved changes this
Bram Moolenaar0b0f0992018-05-22 21:41:30 +0200301fails, use ! to force, as usual.
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200302
Bram Moolenaar4d14bac2019-10-20 21:15:15 +0200303 *terminal-close*
304When the terminal window is closed, e.g. when the shell exits and "++close"
305argument was used, and this is the last normal Vim window, then Vim will exit.
306This is like using |:quit| in a normal window. Help and preview windows are
307not counted.
308
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200309To have a background job run without a window, and open the window when it's
310done, use options like this: >
311 :term ++hidden ++open make
312Note that the window will open at an unexpected moment, this will interrupt
313what you are doing.
314
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200315 *E947* *E948*
Bram Moolenaar78712a72017-08-05 14:50:12 +0200316So long as the job is running, the buffer is considered modified and Vim
317cannot be quit easily, see |abandon|.
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200318
319When the job has finished and no changes were made to the buffer: closing the
320window will wipe out the buffer.
321
322Before changes can be made to a terminal buffer, the 'modifiable' option must
323be set. This is only possible when the job has finished. At the first change
324the buffer will become a normal buffer and the highlighting is removed.
325You may want to change the buffer name with |:file| to be able to write, since
326the buffer name will still be set to the command.
327
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200328
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200329Resizing ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100330 *terminal-resizing*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200331The size of the terminal can be in one of three modes:
332
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003331. The 'termwinsize' option is empty: The terminal size follows the window
334 size. The minimal size is 2 screen lines with 10 cells.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200335
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003362. The 'termwinsize' option is "rows*cols", where "rows" is the minimal number
337 of screen rows and "cols" is the minimal number of cells.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200338
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003393. The 'termwinsize' option is "rowsXcols" (where the x is upper or lower
340 case). The terminal size is fixed to the specified number of screen lines
341 and cells. If the window is bigger there will be unused empty space.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200342
343If the window is smaller than the terminal size, only part of the terminal can
344be seen (the lower-left part).
345
346The |term_getsize()| function can be used to get the current size of the
347terminal. |term_setsize()| can be used only when in the first or second mode,
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200348not when 'termwinsize' is "rowsXcols".
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200349
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200350
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200351Terminal-Job and Terminal-Normal mode ~
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200352 *Terminal-mode* *Terminal-Job*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200353When the job is running the contents of the terminal is under control of the
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200354job. That includes the cursor position. Typed keys are sent to the job.
355The terminal contents can change at any time. This is called Terminal-Job
356mode.
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200357
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200358Use CTRL-W N (or 'termwinkey' N) to switch to Terminal-Normal mode. Now the
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200359contents of the terminal window is under control of Vim, the job output is
360suspended. CTRL-\ CTRL-N does the same.
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200361
Bram Moolenaar1b9645d2017-09-17 23:03:31 +0200362Terminal-Job mode is where |:tmap| mappings are applied. Keys sent by
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200363|term_sendkeys()| are not subject to tmap, but keys from |feedkeys()| are.
364
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200365It is not possible to enter Insert mode from Terminal-Job mode.
366
367 *Terminal-Normal* *E946*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200368In Terminal-Normal mode you can move the cursor around with the usual Vim
369commands, Visually mark text, yank text, etc. But you cannot change the
370contents of the buffer. The commands that would start insert mode, such as
371'i' and 'a', return to Terminal-Job mode. The window will be updated to show
Bram Moolenaar1b9645d2017-09-17 23:03:31 +0200372the contents of the terminal. |:startinsert| is ineffective.
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200373
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200374In Terminal-Normal mode the statusline and window title show "(Terminal)". If
375the job ends while in Terminal-Normal mode this changes to
376"(Terminal-finished)".
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200377
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200378When the job outputs lines in the terminal, such that the contents scrolls off
379the top, those lines are remembered and can be seen in Terminal-Normal mode.
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200380The number of lines is limited by the 'termwinscroll' option. When going over
Bram Moolenaar7db25fe2018-05-13 00:02:36 +0200381this limit, the first 10% of the scrolled lines are deleted and are lost.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200382
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200383
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200384Cursor style ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100385 *terminal-cursor-style*
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200386By default the cursor in the terminal window uses a not blinking block. The
387normal xterm escape sequences can be used to change the blinking state and the
388shape. Once focus leaves the terminal window Vim will restore the original
389cursor.
390
391An exception is when xterm is started with the "-bc" argument, or another way
392that causes the cursor to blink. This actually means that the blinking flag
393is inverted. Since Vim cannot detect this, the terminal window cursor
394blinking will also be inverted.
395
396
Bram Moolenaarb5b75622018-03-09 22:22:21 +0100397Session ~
398 *terminal-session*
399A terminal window will be restored when using a session file, if possible and
400wanted.
401
402If "terminal" was removed from 'sessionoptions' then no terminal windows will
403be restored.
404
405If the job in the terminal was finished the window will not be restored.
406
407If the terminal can be restored, the command that was used to open it will be
408used again. To change this use the |term_setrestore()| function. This can
409also be used to not restore a specific terminal by setting the command to
410"NONE".
411
412
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100413Special keys ~
414 *terminal-special-keys*
415Since the terminal emulator simulates an xterm, only escape sequences that
416both Vim and xterm recognize will be available in the terminal window. If you
417want to pass on other escape sequences to the job running in the terminal you
418need to set up forwarding. Example: >
419 tmap <expr> <Esc>]b SendToTerm("\<Esc>]b")
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +0100420 func SendToTerm(what)
421 call term_sendkeys('', a:what)
422 return ''
423 endfunc
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200424
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100425
426Unix ~
427 *terminal-unix*
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200428On Unix a pty is used to make it possible to run all kinds of commands. You
429can even run Vim in the terminal! That's used for debugging, see below.
430
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200431Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
Bram Moolenaar9a993e32018-04-05 22:15:22 +0200432 TERM the name of the terminal, from the 'term' option or
433 $TERM in the GUI; falls back to "xterm" if it does not
434 start with "xterm"
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200435 ROWS number of rows in the terminal initially
436 LINES same as ROWS
437 COLUMNS number of columns in the terminal initially
438 COLORS number of colors, 't_Co' (256*256*256 in the GUI)
439 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername
Bram Moolenaard7a137f2018-06-12 18:05:24 +0200440 VIM_TERMINAL v:version
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200441
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200442
443MS-Windows ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100444 *terminal-ms-windows*
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200445On MS-Windows winpty is used to make it possible to run all kind of commands.
446Obviously, they must be commands that run in a terminal, not open their own
447window.
448
449You need the following two files from winpty:
450
451 winpty.dll
452 winpty-agent.exe
453
454You can download them from the following page:
455
456 https://github.com/rprichard/winpty
457
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200458Just put the files somewhere in your PATH. You can set the 'winptydll' option
459to point to the right file, if needed. If you have both the 32-bit and 64-bit
460version, rename to winpty32.dll and winpty64.dll to match the way Vim was
461build.
Bram Moolenaar5acd9872019-02-16 13:35:13 +0100462 *ConPTY* *E982*
Bram Moolenaaraa5df7e2019-02-03 14:53:10 +0100463On more recent versions of MS-Windows 10 (beginning with the "October 2018
464Update"), winpty is no longer required. On those versions, |:terminal| will use
465Windows' built-in support for hosting terminal applications, "ConPTY". When
466ConPTY is in use, there may be rendering artifacts regarding ambiguous-width
Bram Moolenaar5acd9872019-02-16 13:35:13 +0100467characters. If you encounter any such issues, install "winpty". Until the
468ConPTY problems have been fixed "winpty" will be preferred.
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200469
Bram Moolenaar52dbb5e2017-11-21 18:11:27 +0100470Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
471 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername
472
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200473
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200474==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +02004752. Terminal functions *terminal-function-details*
476
477 *term_dumpdiff()*
478term_dumpdiff({filename}, {filename} [, {options}])
479 Open a new window displaying the difference between the two
480 files. The files must have been created with
481 |term_dumpwrite()|.
482 Returns the buffer number or zero when the diff fails.
483 Also see |terminal-diff|.
484 NOTE: this does not work with double-width characters yet.
485
486 The top part of the buffer contains the contents of the first
487 file, the bottom part of the buffer contains the contents of
488 the second file. The middle part shows the differences.
489 The parts are separated by a line of equals.
490
491 If the {options} argument is present, it must be a Dict with
492 these possible members:
493 "term_name" name to use for the buffer name, instead
494 of the first file name.
495 "term_rows" vertical size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar1c6737b2020-09-07 22:18:52 +0200496 instead of using 'termwinsize', but
497 respecting the minimal size
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200498 "term_cols" horizontal size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar1c6737b2020-09-07 22:18:52 +0200499 instead of using 'termwinsize', but
500 respecting the minimal size
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200501 "vertical" split the window vertically
502 "curwin" use the current window, do not split the
503 window; fails if the current buffer
504 cannot be |abandon|ed
505 "bufnr" do not create a new buffer, use the
506 existing buffer "bufnr". This buffer
507 must have been previously created with
508 term_dumpdiff() or term_dumpload() and
509 visible in a window.
510 "norestore" do not add the terminal window to a
511 session file
512
513 Each character in the middle part indicates a difference. If
514 there are multiple differences only the first in this list is
515 used:
516 X different character
517 w different width
518 f different foreground color
519 b different background color
520 a different attribute
521 + missing position in first file
522 - missing position in second file
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +0100523 > cursor position in first file, not in second
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100524 < cursor position in second file, not in first
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200525
526 Using the "s" key the top and bottom parts are swapped. This
527 makes it easy to spot a difference.
528
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200529 Can also be used as a |method|: >
530 GetFilename()->term_dumpdiff(otherfile)
531<
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200532 *term_dumpload()*
533term_dumpload({filename} [, {options}])
534 Open a new window displaying the contents of {filename}
535 The file must have been created with |term_dumpwrite()|.
536 Returns the buffer number or zero when it fails.
537 Also see |terminal-diff|.
538
539 For {options} see |term_dumpdiff()|.
540
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200541 Can also be used as a |method|: >
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +0200542 GetFilename()->term_dumpload()
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200543<
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200544 *term_dumpwrite()*
545term_dumpwrite({buf}, {filename} [, {options}])
546 Dump the contents of the terminal screen of {buf} in the file
547 {filename}. This uses a format that can be used with
548 |term_dumpload()| and |term_dumpdiff()|.
549 If the job in the terminal already finished an error is given:
550 *E958*
551 If {filename} already exists an error is given: *E953*
552 Also see |terminal-diff|.
553
554 {options} is a dictionary with these optional entries:
555 "rows" maximum number of rows to dump
556 "columns" maximum number of columns to dump
557
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200558 Can also be used as a |method|, the base is used for the file
559 name: >
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +0200560 GetFilename()->term_dumpwrite(bufnr)
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200561
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200562term_getaltscreen({buf}) *term_getaltscreen()*
563 Returns 1 if the terminal of {buf} is using the alternate
564 screen.
565 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200566
567 Can also be used as a |method|: >
568 GetBufnr()->term_getaltscreen()
569
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200570
571term_getansicolors({buf}) *term_getansicolors()*
572 Get the ANSI color palette in use by terminal {buf}.
573 Returns a List of length 16 where each element is a String
574 representing a color in hexadecimal "#rrggbb" format.
575 Also see |term_setansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
576 If neither was used returns the default colors.
577
578 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|. If the buffer does not
579 exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200580
581 Can also be used as a |method|: >
582 GetBufnr()->term_getansicolors()
583
584< {only available when compiled with GUI enabled and/or the
585 |+termguicolors| feature}
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200586
587term_getattr({attr}, {what}) *term_getattr()*
588 Given {attr}, a value returned by term_scrape() in the "attr"
589 item, return whether {what} is on. {what} can be one of:
590 bold
591 italic
592 underline
593 strike
594 reverse
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200595
596 Can also be used as a |method|: >
597 GetAttr()->term_getattr()
598
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200599
600term_getcursor({buf}) *term_getcursor()*
601 Get the cursor position of terminal {buf}. Returns a list with
602 two numbers and a dictionary: [row, col, dict].
603
604 "row" and "col" are one based, the first screen cell is row
605 1, column 1. This is the cursor position of the terminal
606 itself, not of the Vim window.
607
608 "dict" can have these members:
609 "visible" one when the cursor is visible, zero when it
610 is hidden.
611 "blink" one when the cursor is blinking, zero when it
612 is not blinking.
613 "shape" 1 for a block cursor, 2 for underline and 3
614 for a vertical bar.
615 "color" color of the cursor, e.g. "green"
616
617 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
618 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
619 list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200620
621 Can also be used as a |method|: >
622 GetBufnr()->term_getcursor()
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200623
624term_getjob({buf}) *term_getjob()*
625 Get the Job associated with terminal window {buf}.
626 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
627 Returns |v:null| when there is no job.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200628
629 Can also be used as a |method|: >
630 GetBufnr()->term_getjob()
631
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200632
633term_getline({buf}, {row}) *term_getline()*
634 Get a line of text from the terminal window of {buf}.
635 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
636
637 The first line has {row} one. When {row} is "." the cursor
638 line is used. When {row} is invalid an empty string is
639 returned.
640
641 To get attributes of each character use |term_scrape()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200642
643 Can also be used as a |method|: >
644 GetBufnr()->term_getline(row)
645
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200646
647term_getscrolled({buf}) *term_getscrolled()*
648 Return the number of lines that scrolled to above the top of
649 terminal {buf}. This is the offset between the row number
650 used for |term_getline()| and |getline()|, so that: >
651 term_getline(buf, N)
652< is equal to: >
653 getline(N + term_getscrolled(buf))
654< (if that line exists).
655
656 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200657
658 Can also be used as a |method|: >
659 GetBufnr()->term_getscrolled()
660
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200661
662term_getsize({buf}) *term_getsize()*
663 Get the size of terminal {buf}. Returns a list with two
664 numbers: [rows, cols]. This is the size of the terminal, not
665 the window containing the terminal.
666
667 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. Use an
668 empty string for the current buffer. If the buffer does not
669 exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200670
671 Can also be used as a |method|: >
672 GetBufnr()->term_getsize()
673
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200674
675term_getstatus({buf}) *term_getstatus()*
Bram Moolenaar29634562020-01-09 21:46:04 +0100676 Get the status of terminal {buf}. This returns a String with
Bram Moolenaarcbaff5e2022-04-08 17:45:08 +0100677 a comma-separated list of these items:
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200678 running job is running
679 finished job has finished
680 normal in Terminal-Normal mode
681 One of "running" or "finished" is always present.
682
683 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
684 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
685 string is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200686
687 Can also be used as a |method|: >
688 GetBufnr()->term_getstatus()
689
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200690
691term_gettitle({buf}) *term_gettitle()*
692 Get the title of terminal {buf}. This is the title that the
693 job in the terminal has set.
694
695 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
696 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
697 string is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200698
699 Can also be used as a |method|: >
700 GetBufnr()->term_gettitle()
701
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200702
703term_gettty({buf} [, {input}]) *term_gettty()*
704 Get the name of the controlling terminal associated with
705 terminal window {buf}. {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
706
707 When {input} is omitted or 0, return the name for writing
708 (stdout). When {input} is 1 return the name for reading
709 (stdin). On UNIX, both return same name.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200710
711 Can also be used as a |method|: >
712 GetBufnr()->term_gettty()
713
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200714
715term_list() *term_list()*
716 Return a list with the buffer numbers of all buffers for
717 terminal windows.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200718
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200719
720term_scrape({buf}, {row}) *term_scrape()*
721 Get the contents of {row} of terminal screen of {buf}.
722 For {buf} see |term_getsize()|.
723
724 The first line has {row} one. When {row} is "." the cursor
725 line is used. When {row} is invalid an empty string is
726 returned.
727
728 Return a List containing a Dict for each screen cell:
729 "chars" character(s) at the cell
730 "fg" foreground color as #rrggbb
731 "bg" background color as #rrggbb
732 "attr" attributes of the cell, use |term_getattr()|
733 to get the individual flags
734 "width" cell width: 1 or 2
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100735 For a double-width cell there is one item, thus the list can
736 be shorter than the width of the terminal.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200737
738 Can also be used as a |method|: >
739 GetBufnr()->term_scrape(row)
740
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200741
742term_sendkeys({buf}, {keys}) *term_sendkeys()*
743 Send keystrokes {keys} to terminal {buf}.
744 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
745
746 {keys} are translated as key sequences. For example, "\<c-x>"
747 means the character CTRL-X.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200748
749 Can also be used as a |method|: >
750 GetBufnr()->term_sendkeys(keys)
751
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200752
753term_setansicolors({buf}, {colors}) *term_setansicolors()*
754 Set the ANSI color palette used by terminal {buf}.
755 {colors} must be a List of 16 valid color names or hexadecimal
756 color codes, like those accepted by |highlight-guifg|.
757 Also see |term_getansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
758
759 The colors normally are:
760 0 black
761 1 dark red
762 2 dark green
763 3 brown
764 4 dark blue
765 5 dark magenta
766 6 dark cyan
767 7 light grey
768 8 dark grey
769 9 red
770 10 green
771 11 yellow
772 12 blue
773 13 magenta
774 14 cyan
775 15 white
776
777 These colors are used in the GUI and in the terminal when
778 'termguicolors' is set. When not using GUI colors (GUI mode
779 or 'termguicolors'), the terminal window always uses the 16
780 ANSI colors of the underlying terminal.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200781
782 Can also be used as a |method|: >
783 GetBufnr()->term_setansicolors(colors)
784
785< {only available with GUI enabled and/or the |+termguicolors|
786 feature}
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200787
Bram Moolenaar89a9c152021-08-29 21:55:35 +0200788
789term_setapi({buf}, {expr}) *term_setapi()*
790 Set the function name prefix to be used for the |terminal-api|
791 function in terminal {buf}. For example: >
792 :call term_setapi(buf, "Myapi_")
793 :call term_setapi(buf, "")
794<
795 The default is "Tapi_". When {expr} is an empty string then
796 no |terminal-api| function can be used for {buf}.
797
798 When used as a method the base is used for {buf}: >
799 GetBufnr()->term_setapi({expr})
800
801
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200802term_setkill({buf}, {how}) *term_setkill()*
803 When exiting Vim or trying to close the terminal window in
804 another way, {how} defines whether the job in the terminal can
805 be stopped.
806 When {how} is empty (the default), the job will not be
807 stopped, trying to exit will result in |E947|.
808 Otherwise, {how} specifies what signal to send to the job.
809 See |job_stop()| for the values.
810
811 After sending the signal Vim will wait for up to a second to
812 check that the job actually stopped.
813
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200814 Can also be used as a |method|: >
815 GetBufnr()->term_setkill(how)
816
817
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200818term_setrestore({buf}, {command}) *term_setrestore()*
819 Set the command to write in a session file to restore the job
820 in this terminal. The line written in the session file is: >
821 terminal ++curwin ++cols=%d ++rows=%d {command}
822< Make sure to escape the command properly.
823
824 Use an empty {command} to run 'shell'.
825 Use "NONE" to not restore this window.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200826
827 Can also be used as a |method|: >
828 GetBufnr()->term_setrestore(command)
829
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200830
831term_setsize({buf}, {rows}, {cols}) *term_setsize()* *E955*
832 Set the size of terminal {buf}. The size of the window
833 containing the terminal will also be adjusted, if possible.
834 If {rows} or {cols} is zero or negative, that dimension is not
835 changed.
836
837 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. Use an
838 empty string for the current buffer. If the buffer does not
839 exist or is not a terminal window, an error is given.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200840
841 Can also be used as a |method|: >
842 GetBufnr()->term_setsize(rows, cols)
843
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200844
845term_start({cmd} [, {options}]) *term_start()*
846 Open a terminal window and run {cmd} in it.
847
848 {cmd} can be a string or a List, like with |job_start()|. The
849 string "NONE" can be used to open a terminal window without
850 starting a job, the pty of the terminal can be used by a
851 command like gdb.
852
853 Returns the buffer number of the terminal window. If {cmd}
854 cannot be executed the window does open and shows an error
855 message.
856 If opening the window fails zero is returned.
857
858 {options} are similar to what is used for |job_start()|, see
859 |job-options|. However, not all options can be used. These
860 are supported:
861 all timeout options
862 "stoponexit", "cwd", "env"
863 "callback", "out_cb", "err_cb", "exit_cb", "close_cb"
864 "in_io", "in_top", "in_bot", "in_name", "in_buf"
865 "out_io", "out_name", "out_buf", "out_modifiable", "out_msg"
866 "err_io", "err_name", "err_buf", "err_modifiable", "err_msg"
867 However, at least one of stdin, stdout or stderr must be
868 connected to the terminal. When I/O is connected to the
869 terminal then the callback function for that part is not used.
870
871 There are extra options:
872 "term_name" name to use for the buffer name, instead
873 of the command name.
874 "term_rows" vertical size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar5300be62021-11-13 10:27:40 +0000875 instead of using 'termwinsize'; valid
876 range is from zero to 1000
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200877 "term_cols" horizontal size to use for the terminal,
878 instead of using 'termwinsize'
879 "vertical" split the window vertically; note that
880 other window position can be defined with
881 command modifiers, such as |:belowright|.
882 "curwin" use the current window, do not split the
883 window; fails if the current buffer
884 cannot be |abandon|ed
885 "hidden" do not open a window
886 "norestore" do not add the terminal window to a
887 session file
888 "term_kill" what to do when trying to close the
889 terminal window, see |term_setkill()|
890 "term_finish" What to do when the job is finished:
891 "close": close any windows
892 "open": open window if needed
893 Note that "open" can be interruptive.
894 See |term++close| and |term++open|.
895 "term_opencmd" command to use for opening the window when
896 "open" is used for "term_finish"; must
897 have "%d" where the buffer number goes,
898 e.g. "10split|buffer %d"; when not
899 specified "botright sbuf %d" is used
Bram Moolenaar83d47902020-03-26 20:34:00 +0100900 "term_highlight" highlight group to use instead of
901 "Terminal"
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200902 "eof_chars" Text to send after all buffer lines were
903 written to the terminal. When not set
904 CTRL-D is used on MS-Windows. For Python
905 use CTRL-Z or "exit()". For a shell use
906 "exit". A CR is always added.
907 "ansi_colors" A list of 16 color names or hex codes
908 defining the ANSI palette used in GUI
909 color modes. See |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
910 "tty_type" (MS-Windows only): Specify which pty to
911 use. See 'termwintype' for the values.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200912 "term_api" function name prefix for the
913 |terminal-api| function. See
914 |term_setapi()|.
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200915
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200916 Can also be used as a |method|: >
917 GetCommand()->term_start()
918
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200919
920term_wait({buf} [, {time}]) *term_wait()*
921 Wait for pending updates of {buf} to be handled.
922 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
923 {time} is how long to wait for updates to arrive in msec. If
924 not set then 10 msec will be used.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200925
926 Can also be used as a |method|: >
927 GetBufnr()->term_wait()
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200928
929==============================================================================
9303. Terminal communication *terminal-communication*
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200931
932There are several ways to communicate with the job running in a terminal:
933- Use |term_sendkeys()| to send text and escape sequences from Vim to the job.
934- Use the JSON API to send encoded commands from the job to Vim.
935- Use the |client-server| mechanism. This works on machines with an X server
936 and on MS-Windows.
937
938
939Vim to job: term_sendkeys() ~
940 *terminal-to-job*
941This allows for remote controlling the job running in the terminal. It is a
942one-way mechanism. The job can update the display to signal back to Vim.
943For example, if a shell is running in a terminal, you can do: >
944 call term_sendkeys(buf, "ls *.java\<CR>")
945
946This requires for the job to be in the right state where it will do the right
947thing when receiving the keys. For the above example, the shell must be
948waiting for a command to be typed.
949
950For a job that was written for the purpose, you can use the JSON API escape
951sequence in the other direction. E.g.: >
952 call term_sendkeys(buf, "\<Esc>]51;["response"]\x07")
953
954
955Job to Vim: JSON API ~
956 *terminal-api*
957The job can send JSON to Vim, using a special escape sequence. The JSON
958encodes a command that Vim understands. Example of such a message: >
959 <Esc>]51;["drop", "README.md"]<07>
960
961The body is always a list, making it easy to find the end: ]<07>.
962The <Esc>]51;msg<07> sequence is reserved by xterm for "Emacs shell", which is
963similar to what we are doing here.
964
965Currently supported commands:
966
967 call {funcname} {argument}
968
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200969 Call a user defined function with {argument}.
970 The function is called with two arguments: the buffer number
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +0100971 of the terminal and {argument}, the decoded JSON argument.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200972 By default, the function name must start with "Tapi_" to avoid
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200973 accidentally calling a function not meant to be used for the
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200974 terminal API. This can be changed with |term_setapi()|.
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200975 The user function should sanity check the argument.
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200976 The function can use |term_sendkeys()| to send back a reply.
977 Example in JSON: >
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200978 ["call", "Tapi_Impression", ["play", 14]]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200979< Calls a function defined like this: >
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200980 function Tapi_Impression(bufnum, arglist)
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200981 if len(a:arglist) == 2
Bram Moolenaarc51cf032022-02-26 12:25:45 +0000982 echomsg "impression " .. a:arglist[0]
983 echomsg "count " .. a:arglist[1]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200984 endif
985 endfunc
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200986< Output from `:echo` may be erased by a redraw, use `:echomsg`
987 to be able to see it with `:messages`.
988
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +0200989 drop {filename} [options]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200990
991 Let Vim open a file, like the `:drop` command. If {filename}
992 is already open in a window, switch to that window. Otherwise
993 open a new window to edit {filename}.
Bram Moolenaar85eee132018-05-06 17:57:30 +0200994 Note that both the job and Vim may change the current
995 directory, thus it's best to use the full path.
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +0200996
997 [options] is only used when opening a new window. If present,
Bram Moolenaard1caa942020-04-10 22:10:56 +0200998 it must be a Dict. Similarly to |++opt|, these entries are
Bram Moolenaar68e65602019-05-26 21:33:31 +0200999 recognized:
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +02001000 "ff" file format: "dos", "mac" or "unix"
1001 "fileformat" idem
1002 "enc" overrides 'fileencoding'
1003 "encoding" idem
1004 "bin" sets 'binary'
1005 "binary" idem
1006 "nobin" resets 'binary'
1007 "nobinary" idem
1008 "bad" specifies behavior for bad characters, see
1009 |++bad|
1010
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +02001011 Example in JSON: >
1012 ["drop", "path/file.txt", {"ff": "dos"}]
1013
1014A trick to have Vim send this escape sequence: >
1015 exe "set t_ts=\<Esc>]51; t_fs=\x07"
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +02001016 let &titlestring = '["call","Tapi_TryThis",["hello",123]]'
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +02001017 redraw
1018 set t_ts& t_fs&
1019
1020Rationale: Why not allow for any command or expression? Because that might
1021create a security problem.
1022
1023
1024Using the client-server feature ~
1025 *terminal-client-server*
1026This only works when v:servername is not empty. If needed you can set it,
1027before opening the terminal, with: >
1028 call remote_startserver('vim-server')
1029
1030$VIM_SERVERNAME is set in the terminal to pass on the server name.
1031
1032In the job you can then do something like: >
1033 vim --servername $VIM_SERVERNAME --remote +123 some_file.c
1034This will open the file "some_file.c" and put the cursor on line 123.
1035
1036==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020010374. Remote testing *terminal-testing*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001038
1039Most Vim tests execute a script inside Vim. For some tests this does not
1040work, running the test interferes with the code being tested. To avoid this
1041Vim is executed in a terminal window. The test sends keystrokes to it and
1042inspects the resulting screen state.
1043
1044Functions ~
1045
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001046|term_sendkeys()| send keystrokes to a terminal (not subject to tmap)
1047|term_wait()| wait for screen to be updated
1048|term_scrape()| inspect terminal screen
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001049
1050
1051==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020010525. Diffing screen dumps *terminal-diff*
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001053
1054In some cases it can be bothersome to test that Vim displays the right
1055characters on the screen. E.g. with syntax highlighting. To make this
1056simpler it is possible to take a screen dump of a terminal and compare it to
1057an expected screen dump.
1058
1059Vim uses the window size, text, color and other attributes as displayed. The
1060Vim screen size, font and other properties do not matter. Therefore this
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001061mechanism is portable across systems. A conventional screenshot would reflect
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001062all differences, including font size and family.
1063
1064
1065Writing a screen dump test for Vim ~
1066 *terminal-dumptest*
1067For an example see the Test_syntax_c() function in
1068src/testdir/test_syntax.vim. The main parts are:
1069- Write a file you want to test with. This is useful for testing syntax
Bram Moolenaar560979e2020-02-04 22:53:05 +01001070 highlighting. You can also start Vim with an empty buffer.
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001071- Run Vim in a terminal with a specific size. The default is 20 lines of 75
1072 characters. This makes sure the dump is always this size. The function
1073 RunVimInTerminal() takes care of this. Pass it the arguments for the Vim
1074 command.
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001075- Send any commands to Vim using |term_sendkeys()|. For example: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001076 call term_sendkeys(buf, ":echo &lines &columns\<CR>")
1077- Check that the screen is now in the expected state, using
1078 VerifyScreenDump(). This expects the reference screen dump to be in the
1079 src/testdir/dumps/ directory. Pass the name without ".dump". It is
1080 recommended to use the name of the test function and a sequence number, so
1081 that we know what test is using the file.
1082- Repeat sending commands and checking the state.
1083- Finally stop Vim by calling StopVimInTerminal().
1084
1085The first time you do this you won't have a screen dump yet. Create an empty
1086file for now, e.g.: >
1087 touch src/testdir/dumps/Test_function_name_01.dump
1088
1089The test will then fail, giving you the command to compare the reference dump
1090and the failed dump, e.g.: >
Bram Moolenaar0c0734d2019-11-26 21:44:46 +01001091 call term_dumpdiff("failed/Test_func.dump", "dumps/Test_func.dump")
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001092
1093Use this command in Vim, with the current directory set to src/testdir.
1094Once you are satisfied with the test, move the failed dump in place of the
1095reference: >
Bram Moolenaar0c0734d2019-11-26 21:44:46 +01001096 :!mv failed/Test_func.dump dumps/Test_func.dump
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001097
1098
1099Creating a screen dump ~
1100 *terminal-screendump*
1101
1102To create the screen dump, run Vim (or any other program) in a terminal and
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001103make it show the desired state. Then use the |term_dumpwrite()| function to
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001104create a screen dump file. For example: >
1105 :call term_dumpwrite(77, "mysyntax.dump")
1106
1107Here "77" is the buffer number of the terminal. Use `:ls!` to see it.
1108
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001109You can view the screen dump with |term_dumpload()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001110 :call term_dumpload("mysyntax.dump")
1111
1112To verify that Vim still shows exactly the same screen, run Vim again with
1113exactly the same way to show the desired state. Then create a screen dump
1114again, using a different file name: >
1115 :call term_dumpwrite(88, "test.dump")
1116
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001117To assert that the files are exactly the same use |assert_equalfile()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001118 call assert_equalfile("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")
1119
1120If there are differences then v:errors will contain the error message.
1121
1122
1123Comparing screen dumps ~
1124 *terminal-diffscreendump*
1125
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001126|assert_equalfile()| does not make it easy to see what is different.
1127To spot the problem use |term_dumpdiff()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001128 call term_dumpdiff("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")
1129
1130This will open a window consisting of three parts:
11311. The contents of the first dump
11322. The difference between the first and second dump
11333. The contents of the second dump
1134
1135You can usually see what differs in the second part. Use the 'ruler' to
Bram Moolenaar93a1df22018-09-10 11:51:50 +02001136relate it to the position in the first or second dump. Letters indicate the
1137kind of difference:
1138 X different character
1139 > cursor in first but not in second
1140 < cursor in second but not in first
1141 w character width differs (single vs double width)
1142 f foreground color differs
1143 b background color differs
1144 a attribute differs (bold, underline, reverse, etc.)
1145 ? character missing in both
1146 + character missing in first
1147 - character missing in second
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001148
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001149Alternatively, press "s" to swap the first and second dump. Do this several
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001150times so that you can spot the difference in the context of the text.
1151
1152==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020011536. Debugging *terminal-debug* *terminal-debugger*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001154
1155The Terminal debugging plugin can be used to debug a program with gdb and view
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001156the source code in a Vim window. Since this is completely contained inside
1157Vim this also works remotely over an ssh connection.
1158
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001159When the |+terminal| feature is missing, the plugin will use the "prompt"
1160buffer type, if possible. The running program will then use a newly opened
1161terminal window. See |termdebug-prompt| below for details.
1162
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001163
1164Starting ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001165 *termdebug-starting*
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001166Load the plugin with this command: >
1167 packadd termdebug
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001168< *:Termdebug*
Bram Moolenaard473c8c2018-08-11 18:00:22 +02001169To start debugging use `:Termdebug` or `:TermdebugCommand` followed by the
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001170command name, for example: >
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001171 :Termdebug vim
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001172
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001173This opens two windows:
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001174
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001175gdb window A terminal window in which "gdb vim" is executed. Here you
1176 can directly interact with gdb. The buffer name is "!gdb".
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001177
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001178program window A terminal window for the executed program. When "run" is
1179 used in gdb the program I/O will happen in this window, so
1180 that it does not interfere with controlling gdb. The buffer
Bram Moolenaar6f4754b2022-01-23 12:07:04 +00001181 name is "debugged program".
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001182
1183The current window is used to show the source code. When gdb pauses the
1184source file location will be displayed, if possible. A sign is used to
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +01001185highlight the current position, using highlight group debugPC.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001186
1187If the buffer in the current window is modified, another window will be opened
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001188to display the current gdb position. You can use `:Winbar` to add a window
1189toolbar there.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001190
1191Focus the terminal of the executed program to interact with it. This works
1192the same as any command running in a terminal window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001193
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001194When the debugger ends, typically by typing "quit" in the gdb window, the two
1195opened windows are closed.
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001196
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001197Only one debugger can be active at a time.
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001198 *:TermdebugCommand*
1199If you want to give specific commands to the command being debugged, you can
1200use the `:TermdebugCommand` command followed by the command name and
1201additional parameters. >
1202 :TermdebugCommand vim --clean -c ':set nu'
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001203
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001204Both the `:Termdebug` and `:TermdebugCommand` support an optional "!" bang
1205argument to start the command right away, without pausing at the gdb window
1206(and cursor will be in the debugged window). For example: >
1207 :TermdebugCommand! vim --clean
1208
1209To attach gdb to an already running executable or use a core file, pass extra
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001210arguments. E.g.: >
1211 :Termdebug vim core
1212 :Termdebug vim 98343
1213
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001214If no argument is given, you'll end up in a gdb window, in which you need to
1215specify which command to run using e.g. the gdb `file` command.
1216
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001217
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001218Example session ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001219 *termdebug-example*
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001220Start in the Vim "src" directory and build Vim: >
1221 % make
Bram Moolenaar1ff14ba2019-11-02 14:09:23 +01001222Make sure that debug symbols are present, usually that means that $CFLAGS
1223includes "-g".
1224
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001225Start Vim: >
1226 % ./vim
Bram Moolenaar1ff14ba2019-11-02 14:09:23 +01001227
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001228Load the termdebug plugin and start debugging Vim: >
1229 :packadd termdebug
1230 :Termdebug vim
1231You should now have three windows:
1232 source - where you started, has a window toolbar with buttons
1233 gdb - you can type gdb commands here
1234 program - the executed program will use this window
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001235
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001236You can use CTRL-W CTRL-W or the mouse to move focus between windows.
1237Put focus on the gdb window and type: >
1238 break ex_help
1239 run
1240Vim will start running in the program window. Put focus there and type: >
1241 :help gui
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +01001242Gdb will run into the ex_help breakpoint. The source window now shows the
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001243ex_cmds.c file. A red "1 " marker will appear in the signcolumn where the
1244breakpoint was set. The line where the debugger stopped is highlighted. You
1245can now step through the program. Let's use the mouse: click on the "Next"
1246button in the window toolbar. You will see the highlighting move as the
1247debugger executes a line of source code.
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001248
1249Click "Next" a few times until the for loop is highlighted. Put the cursor on
1250the end of "eap->arg", then click "Eval" in the toolbar. You will see this
1251displayed:
1252 "eap->arg": 0x555555e68855 "gui" ~
1253This way you can inspect the value of local variables. You can also focus the
1254gdb window and use a "print" command, e.g.: >
1255 print *eap
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001256If mouse pointer movements are working, Vim will also show a balloon when the
1257mouse rests on text that can be evaluated by gdb.
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001258
1259Now go back to the source window and put the cursor on the first line after
1260the for loop, then type: >
1261 :Break
1262You will see a ">>" marker appear, this indicates the new breakpoint. Now
1263click "Cont" in the toolbar and the code until the breakpoint will be
1264executed.
1265
1266You can type more advanced commands in the gdb window. For example, type: >
1267 watch curbuf
1268Now click "Cont" in the toolbar (or type "cont" in the gdb window). Execution
1269will now continue until the value of "curbuf" changes, which is in do_ecmd().
1270To remove this watchpoint again type in the gdb window: >
1271 delete 3
1272
1273You can see the stack by typing in the gdb window: >
1274 where
1275Move through the stack frames, e.g. with: >
1276 frame 3
1277The source window will show the code, at the point where the call was made to
1278a deeper level.
1279
1280
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001281Stepping through code ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001282 *termdebug-stepping*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001283Put focus on the gdb window to type commands there. Some common ones are:
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001284- CTRL-C interrupt the program
1285- next execute the current line and stop at the next line
1286- step execute the current line and stop at the next statement,
1287 entering functions
Bram Moolenaar75ab5902022-04-18 15:36:40 +01001288- until execute until past the current cursor line or past a specified
1289 position or the current stack frame returns
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001290- finish execute until leaving the current function
1291- where show the stack
1292- frame N go to the Nth stack frame
1293- continue continue execution
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001294
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001295 *:Run* *:Arguments*
1296In the window showing the source code these commands can be used to control
1297gdb:
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001298 `:Run` [args] run the program with [args] or the previous arguments
1299 `:Arguments` {args} set arguments for the next `:Run`
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001300
Bram Moolenaar589edb32019-09-20 14:38:13 +02001301 *:Break* set a breakpoint at the cursor position
1302 :Break {position}
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +02001303 set a breakpoint at the specified position
Bram Moolenaar589edb32019-09-20 14:38:13 +02001304 *:Clear* delete the breakpoint at the cursor position
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001305
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001306 *:Step* execute the gdb "step" command
1307 *:Over* execute the gdb "next" command (`:Next` is a Vim command)
Bram Moolenaar75ab5902022-04-18 15:36:40 +01001308 *:Until* execute the gdb "until" command
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001309 *:Finish* execute the gdb "finish" command
1310 *:Continue* execute the gdb "continue" command
1311 *:Stop* interrupt the program
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001312
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001313If 'mouse' is set the plugin adds a window toolbar with these entries:
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001314 Step `:Step`
1315 Next `:Over`
1316 Finish `:Finish`
1317 Cont `:Continue`
1318 Stop `:Stop`
1319 Eval `:Evaluate`
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001320This way you can use the mouse to perform the most common commands. You need
1321to have the 'mouse' option set to enable mouse clicks.
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001322 *:Winbar*
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001323You can add the window toolbar in other windows you open with: >
1324 :Winbar
1325
Bram Moolenaarc4b533e2018-04-06 22:26:25 +02001326If gdb stops at a source line and there is no window currently showing the
1327source code, a new window will be created for the source code. This also
1328happens if the buffer in the source code window has been modified and can't be
1329abandoned.
1330
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001331Gdb gives each breakpoint a number. In Vim the number shows up in the sign
1332column, with a red background. You can use these gdb commands:
1333- info break list breakpoints
1334- delete N delete breakpoint N
1335You can also use the `:Clear` command if the cursor is in the line with the
1336breakpoint, or use the "Clear breakpoint" right-click menu entry.
1337
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001338
1339Inspecting variables ~
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001340 *termdebug-variables* *:Evaluate*
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001341 `:Evaluate` evaluate the expression under the cursor
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +02001342 `K` same (see |termdebug_map_K| to disable)
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001343 `:Evaluate` {expr} evaluate {expr}
1344 `:'<,'>Evaluate` evaluate the Visually selected text
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001345
1346This is similar to using "print" in the gdb window.
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001347You can usually shorten `:Evaluate` to `:Ev`.
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001348
1349
1350Other commands ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001351 *termdebug-commands*
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001352 *:Gdb* jump to the gdb window
1353 *:Program* jump to the window with the running program
1354 *:Source* jump to the window with the source code, create it if there
Bram Moolenaarc4b533e2018-04-06 22:26:25 +02001355 isn't one
Bram Moolenaar82be4842021-01-11 19:40:15 +01001356 *:Asm* jump to the window with the disassembly, create it if there
1357 isn't one
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001358
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001359Events ~
1360 *termdebug-events*
1361Four autocommands can be used: >
1362 au User TermdebugStartPre echomsg 'debugging starting'
1363 au User TermdebugStartPost echomsg 'debugging started'
1364 au User TermdebugStopPre echomsg 'debugging stopping'
1365 au User TermdebugStopPost echomsg 'debugging stopped'
1366<
1367 *TermdebugStartPre*
1368TermdebugStartPre Before starting debugging.
1369 Not triggered if the debugger is already
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001370 running or the debugger command cannot be
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001371 executed.
1372 *TermdebugStartPost*
1373TermdebugStartPost After debugging has initialized.
1374 If a "!" bang is passed to `:Termdebug` or
1375 `:TermdebugCommand` the event is triggered
1376 before running the provided command in gdb.
1377 *TermdebugStopPre*
1378TermdebugStopPre Before debugging ends, when gdb is terminated,
1379 most likely after issuing a "quit" command in
1380 the gdb window.
1381 *TermdebugStopPost*
1382TermdebugStopPost After debugging has ended, gdb-related windows
1383 are closed, debug buffers wiped out and
1384 the state before the debugging was restored.
1385
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001386
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001387Prompt mode ~
1388 *termdebug-prompt*
1389When the |+terminal| feature is not supported and on MS-Windows, gdb will run
1390in a buffer with 'buftype' set to "prompt". This works slightly differently:
1391- The gdb window will be in Insert mode while typing commands. Go to Normal
1392 mode with <Esc>, then you can move around in the buffer, copy/paste, etc.
1393 Go back to editing the gdb command with any command that starts Insert mode,
1394 such as `a` or `i`.
1395- The program being debugged will run in a separate window. On MS-Windows
1396 this is a new console window. On Unix, if the |+terminal| feature is
1397 available a Terminal window will be opened to run the debugged program in.
1398
1399 *termdebug_use_prompt*
1400Prompt mode can be used even when the |+terminal| feature is present with: >
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001401 let g:termdebug_config['use_prompt'] = 1
1402Or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001403 let g:termdebug_use_prompt = 1
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +02001404<
1405 *termdebug_map_K*
1406The K key is normally mapped to :Evaluate. If you do not want this use: >
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001407 let g:termdebug_config['map_K'] = 0
1408Or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +02001409 let g:termdebug_map_K = 0
Bram Moolenaar82be4842021-01-11 19:40:15 +01001410<
1411 *termdebug_disasm_window*
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001412If you want the Asm window shown by default, set the flag to 1.
1413the "disasm_window_height" entry can be used to set the window height: >
1414 let g:termdebug_config['disasm_window'] = 1
1415 let g:termdebug_config['disasm_window_height'] = 15
1416or, if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaar82be4842021-01-11 19:40:15 +01001417 let g:termdebug_disasm_window = 15
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001418Any value greater than 1 will set the Asm window height to that value: >
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001419
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001420Communication ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001421 *termdebug-communication*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001422There is another, hidden, buffer, which is used for Vim to communicate with
1423gdb. The buffer name is "gdb communication". Do not delete this buffer, it
1424will break the debugger.
1425
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001426Gdb has some weird behavior, the plugin does its best to work around that.
1427For example, after typing "continue" in the gdb window a CTRL-C can be used to
1428interrupt the running program. But after using the MI command
1429"-exec-continue" pressing CTRL-C does not interrupt. Therefore you will see
1430"continue" being used for the `:Continue` command, instead of using the
1431communication channel.
1432
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001433
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001434Customizing ~
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001435 *termdebug-customizing* *g:termdebug_config*
1436In the past several global variables were used for configuration. These are
1437deprecated, using the g:termdebug_config dictionary is preferred. When
1438g:termdebug_config exists the other global variables will not be used.
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001439
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001440
1441GDB command ~
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001442 *g:termdebugger*
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001443To change the name of the gdb command, set "debugger" entry in
1444g:termdebug_config or the "g:termdebugger" variable before invoking
1445`:Termdebug`: >
1446 let g:termdebug_config['command'] = "mygdb"
1447Or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001448 let g:termdebugger = "mygdb"
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001449
Bram Moolenaarfa3b7232021-12-24 13:18:38 +00001450If the command needs an argument use a List: >
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001451 let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['rr', 'replay', '--']
1452Or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaarfa3b7232021-12-24 13:18:38 +00001453 let g:termdebugger = ['rr', 'replay', '--']
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001454
1455Several arguments will be added to make gdb work well for the debugger.
1456If you want to modify them, add a function to filter the argument list: >
1457 let g:termdebug_config['command_filter'] = MyDebugFilter
1458
1459If you do not want the arguments to be added, but you do need to set the
1460"pty", use a function to add the necessary arguments: >
1461 let g:termdebug_config['command_add_args'] = MyAddArguments
1462The function will be called with the list of arguments so far, and a second
1463argument that is the name of the pty.
1464 *gdb-version*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001465Only debuggers fully compatible with gdb will work. Vim uses the GDB/MI
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001466interface. The "new-ui" command requires gdb version 7.12 or later. if you
1467get this error:
Bram Moolenaar01164a62017-11-02 22:58:42 +01001468 Undefined command: "new-ui". Try "help".~
1469Then your gdb is too old.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001470
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001471
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001472Colors~
1473 *hl-debugPC* *hl-debugBreakpoint*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001474The color of the signs can be adjusted with these highlight groups:
1475- debugPC the current position
1476- debugBreakpoint a breakpoint
1477
1478The defaults are, when 'background' is "light":
1479 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=lightblue guibg=lightblue
1480 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red
1481
1482When 'background' is "dark":
1483 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=darkblue guibg=darkblue
1484 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001485
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001486
Bram Moolenaar7dd64a32019-05-31 21:41:05 +02001487Shortcuts *termdebug_shortcuts*
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001488
1489You can define your own shortcuts (mappings) to control gdb, that can work in
1490any window, using the TermDebugSendCommand() function. Example: >
1491 map ,w :call TermDebugSendCommand('where')<CR>
1492The argument is the gdb command.
1493
1494
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001495Popup menu *termdebug_popup*
1496
1497By default the Termdebug plugin sets 'mousemodel' to "popup_setpos" and adds
1498these entries to the popup menu:
1499 Set breakpoint `:Break`
1500 Clear breakpoint `:Clear`
1501 Evaluate `:Evaluate`
1502If you don't want this then disable it with: >
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001503 let g:termdebug_config['popup'] = 0
1504or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001505 let g:termdebug_popup = 0
1506
1507
1508Vim window width *termdebug_wide*
1509
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001510To change the width of the Vim window when debugging starts and use a vertical
1511split: >
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001512 let g:termdebug_config['wide'] = 163
1513Or if there is no g:termdebug_config: >
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001514 let g:termdebug_wide = 163
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +02001515
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001516This will set 'columns' to 163 when `:Termdebug` is used. The value is
1517restored when quitting the debugger.
1518
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001519If the wide value is set and 'columns' is already a greater value, then a
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001520vertical split will be used without modifying 'columns'.
1521
Bram Moolenaarc9a431c2022-05-23 21:49:41 +01001522Set the wide value to 1 to use a vertical split without ever changing
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001523'columns'. This is useful when the terminal can't be resized by Vim.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001524
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001525
Bram Moolenaar91f84f62018-07-29 15:07:52 +02001526 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: