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Bram Moolenaar89a9c152021-08-29 21:55:35 +02001*terminal.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2021 Aug 15
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02002
3
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
5
6
Bram Moolenaarb1c91982018-05-17 17:04:55 +02007Terminal window support *terminal* *terminal-window*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02008
9
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +020010The terminal feature is optional, use this to check if your Vim has it: >
11 echo has('terminal')
12If the result is "1" you have it.
13
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020014
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200151. Basic use |terminal-use|
16 Typing |terminal-typing|
17 Size and color |terminal-size-color|
18 Command syntax |:terminal|
19 Resizing |terminal-resizing|
20 Terminal Modes |Terminal-mode|
21 Cursor style |terminal-cursor-style|
22 Session |terminal-session|
23 Special keys |terminal-special-keys|
24 Unix |terminal-unix|
25 MS-Windows |terminal-ms-windows|
262. Terminal functions |terminal-function-details|
273. Terminal communication |terminal-communication|
28 Vim to job: term_sendkeys() |terminal-to-job|
29 Job to Vim: JSON API |terminal-api|
30 Using the client-server feature |terminal-client-server|
314. Remote testing |terminal-testing|
325. Diffing screen dumps |terminal-diff|
33 Writing a screen dump test for Vim |terminal-dumptest|
34 Creating a screen dump |terminal-screendump|
35 Comparing screen dumps |terminal-diffscreendump|
366. Debugging |terminal-debug|
37 Starting |termdebug-starting|
38 Example session |termdebug-example|
39 Stepping through code |termdebug-stepping|
40 Inspecting variables |termdebug-variables|
41 Other commands |termdebug-commands|
42 Prompt mode |termdebug-prompt|
43 Communication |termdebug-communication|
44 Customizing |termdebug-customizing|
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020045
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +020046{only available when compiled with the |+terminal| feature}
Bram Moolenaar4c92e752019-02-17 21:18:32 +010047The terminal feature requires the |+job| and |+channel| features.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020048
49==============================================================================
501. Basic use *terminal-use*
51
52This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window. A job can be
53started connected to the terminal emulator. For example, to run a shell: >
54 :term bash
55
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +020056Or to run build command: >
57 :term make myprogram
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020058
59The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to show
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +020060output from the job, also while editing in another window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020061
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020062
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +020063Typing ~
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +020064 *terminal-typing*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +020065When the keyboard focus is in the terminal window, typed keys will be sent to
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +020066the job. This uses a pty when possible. You can click outside of the
67terminal window to move keyboard focus elsewhere.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020068
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010069 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-W* *t_CTRL-W_:*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020070CTRL-W can be used to navigate between windows and other CTRL-W commands, e.g.:
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +010071 CTRL-W CTRL-W move focus to the next window
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020072 CTRL-W : enter an Ex command
73See |CTRL-W| for more commands.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +020074
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +010075Special in the terminal window: *t_CTRL-W_.* *t_CTRL-W_N*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020076 CTRL-W . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaarb59118d2018-04-13 22:11:56 +020077 CTRL-W CTRL-\ send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +020078 CTRL-W N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
79 CTRL-\ CTRL-N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010080 CTRL-W " {reg} paste register {reg} *t_CTRL-W_quote*
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +020081 Also works with the = register to insert the result of
82 evaluating an expression.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +020083 CTRL-W CTRL-C ends the job, see below |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010084 CTRL-W gt go to next tabpage, same as `gt` *t_CTRL-W_gt*
85 CTRL-W gT go to previous tabpage, same as `gT` *t_CTRL-W_gT*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +020086
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +020087See option 'termwinkey' for specifying another key instead of CTRL-W that
88will work like CTRL-W. However, typing 'termwinkey' twice sends 'termwinkey'
89to the job. For example:
90 'termwinkey' CTRL-W move focus to the next window
91 'termwinkey' : enter an Ex command
92 'termwinkey' 'termwinkey' send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaardcdeaaf2018-06-17 22:19:12 +020093 'termwinkey' . send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
94 'termwinkey' CTRL-\ send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +020095 'termwinkey' N go to terminal Normal mode, see below
Bram Moolenaar26967612019-03-17 17:13:16 +010096 'termwinkey' CTRL-N same as CTRL-W N |t_CTRL-W_N|
97 'termwinkey' CTRL-C same as CTRL-W CTRL-C |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
Bram Moolenaar69198192017-08-05 14:10:48 +020098 *t_CTRL-\_CTRL-N*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +020099The special key combination CTRL-\ CTRL-N can be used to switch to Normal
100mode, just like this works in any other mode.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200101 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C*
102CTRL-W CTRL-C can be typed to forcefully end the job. On MS-Windows a
103CTRL-BREAK will also kill the job.
104
105If you type CTRL-C the effect depends on what the pty has been configured to
106do. For simple commands this causes a SIGINT to be sent to the job, which
107would end it. Other commands may ignore the SIGINT or handle the CTRL-C
108themselves (like Vim does).
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200109
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200110To change the keys you type use terminal mode mappings, see |:tmap|.
111These are defined like any mapping, but apply only when typing keys that are
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100112sent to the job running in the terminal. For example, to make F1 switch
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200113to Terminal-Normal mode: >
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100114 tnoremap <F1> <C-W>N
115You can use Esc, but you need to make sure it won't cause other keys to
Bram Moolenaaracc22402020-06-07 21:07:18 +0200116break (cursor keys start with an Esc, so they may break), this probably only
117works in the GUI: >
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200118 tnoremap <Esc> <C-W>N
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +0100119 set notimeout ttimeout timeoutlen=100
120
Bram Moolenaar4c5d8152018-10-19 22:36:53 +0200121You can also create menus similar to terminal mode mappings, but you have to
122use |:tlmenu| instead of |:tmenu|.
123
Bram Moolenaar7ceefb32020-05-01 16:07:38 +0200124 *options-in-terminal*
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +0200125After opening the terminal window and setting 'buftype' to "terminal" the
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100126|TerminalWinOpen| autocommand event is triggered. This makes it possible to set
127options specifically for the terminal window and buffer. Example: >
128 au TerminalWinOpen * setlocal bufhidden=hide
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100129This only works properly if the terminal is not hidden.
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100130
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100131For both hidden and non-hidden terminals this works, both for buffer-local and
132window-local options: >
133 au TerminalWinOpen,BufWinEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal'
134 \ | setlocal bufhidden=hide colorcolumn=123
135 \ | endif
136Note that for a hidden terminal the options are not set until the terminal is
137no longer hidden.
138
139There is also the |TerminalOpen| event. Keep in mind this may be triggered
140for a hidden terminal, then the current window and buffer are not that of the
141new terminal.
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100142You need to use <abuf>, which is set to the terminal buffer. Example: >
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100143 au TerminalOpen * call setbufvar(expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(),
144 \ '&termwinscroll', 1000)
145For a window-local option, you need to delay setting the option until the
146terminal window has been created (this only works for a hidden terminal): >
147 au TerminalOpen * exe printf(
148 \ 'au BufWinEnter <buffer=%d> ++once setlocal colorcolumn=%d',
149 \ expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(), 123)
150For a non-hidden terminal use |TerminalWinOpen|.
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200151
Bram Moolenaar52dbb5e2017-11-21 18:11:27 +0100152Mouse events (click and drag) are passed to the terminal. Mouse move events
153are only passed when Vim itself is receiving them. For a terminal that is
154when 'balloonevalterm' is enabled.
155
Bram Moolenaar1f28b4c2017-07-28 13:48:34 +0200156
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200157Size and color ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100158 *terminal-size-color*
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200159See option 'termwinsize' for controlling the size of the terminal window.
Bram Moolenaar74675a62017-07-15 13:53:23 +0200160(TODO: scrolling when the terminal is larger than the window)
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200161
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +0200162The job running in the terminal can change the colors. The default foreground
163and background colors are taken from Vim, the Normal highlight group.
164
165For a color terminal the 'background' option is used to decide whether the
166terminal window will start with a white or black background.
167
Bram Moolenaardf980db2017-12-24 13:22:00 +0100168To use a different color the Terminal highlight group can be used, for
169example: >
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +0200170 hi Terminal ctermbg=lightgrey ctermfg=blue guibg=lightgrey guifg=blue
Bram Moolenaar83d47902020-03-26 20:34:00 +0100171Instead of Terminal another group can be specified with the "term_highlight"
172option for `term_start()`.
173
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200174 *g:terminal_ansi_colors*
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200175In GUI mode or with 'termguicolors', the 16 ANSI colors used by default in new
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200176terminal windows may be configured using the variable
177`g:terminal_ansi_colors`, which should be a list of 16 color names or
178hexadecimal color codes, similar to those accepted by |highlight-guifg|. When
179not using GUI colors, the terminal window always uses the 16 ANSI colors of
180the underlying terminal.
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +0200181When using `term_start()` the colors can be set with the "ansi_colors" option.
Bram Moolenaarf59c6e82018-04-10 15:59:11 +0200182The |term_setansicolors()| function can be used to change the colors, and
183|term_getansicolors()| to get the currently used colors.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200184
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200185
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200186Command syntax ~
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200187
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200188:[range]ter[minal] [options] [command] *:ter* *:terminal*
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200189 Open a new terminal window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200190
191 If [command] is provided run it as a job and connect
192 the input and output to the terminal.
193 If [command] is not given the 'shell' option is used.
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200194 if [command] is NONE no job is started, the pty of the
195 terminal can be used by a command like gdb.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200196
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100197 If [command] is missing the default behavior is to
198 close the terminal when the shell exits. This can be
199 changed with the ++noclose argument.
200 If [command] is present the default behavior is to
201 keep the terminal open in Terminal-Normal mode. This
202 can be changed with the ++close argument.
203
Bram Moolenaar7ceefb32020-05-01 16:07:38 +0200204 No Vim command can follow, any | is included in
205 [command]. Use `:execute` if you must have a Vim
206 command following in the same line.
207
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200208 A new buffer will be created, using [command] or
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200209 'shell' as the name, prefixed with a "!". If a buffer
210 by this name already exists a number is added in
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200211 parentheses. E.g. if "gdb" exists the second terminal
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200212 buffer will use "!gdb (1)".
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200213
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200214 If [range] is given the specified lines are used as
215 input for the job. It will not be possible to type
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +0200216 keys in the terminal window. For MS-Windows see the
217 ++eof argument below.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200218
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200219 *term++close* *term++open*
220 Supported [options] are:
221 ++close The terminal window will close
222 automatically when the job terminates.
Bram Moolenaar4d14bac2019-10-20 21:15:15 +0200223 |terminal-close|
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100224 ++noclose The terminal window will NOT close
225 automatically when the job terminates.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200226 ++open When the job terminates and no window
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200227 shows it, a window will be opened.
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200228 Note that this can be interruptive.
Bram Moolenaar1dd98332018-03-16 22:54:53 +0100229 The last of ++close, ++noclose and ++open
230 matters and rules out earlier arguments.
231
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200232 ++curwin Open the terminal in the current
233 window, do not split the current
234 window. Fails if the current buffer
235 cannot be |abandon|ed.
236 ++hidden Open the terminal in a hidden buffer,
237 no window will be used.
Bram Moolenaarb5b75622018-03-09 22:22:21 +0100238 ++norestore Do not include this terminal window
239 in a session file.
Bram Moolenaar197c6b72019-11-03 23:37:12 +0100240 ++shell Instead of executing {command}
241 directly, use a shell, like with
242 `:!command` *E279*
243 {only works on Unix currently}
Bram Moolenaar25cdd9c2018-03-10 20:28:12 +0100244 ++kill={how} When trying to close the terminal
245 window kill the job with {how}. See
246 |term_setkill()| for the values.
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200247 ++rows={height} Use {height} for the terminal window
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100248 height. If the terminal uses the full
249 Vim height (no window above or below
Bram Moolenaar0b0f0992018-05-22 21:41:30 +0200250 the terminal window) the command line
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100251 height will be reduced as needed.
Bram Moolenaarb2412082017-08-20 18:09:14 +0200252 ++cols={width} Use {width} for the terminal window
Bram Moolenaar40962ec2018-01-28 22:47:25 +0100253 width. If the terminal uses the full
254 Vim width (no window left or right of
255 the terminal window) this value is
256 ignored.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200257 ++eof={text} When using [range]: text to send after
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +0200258 the last line was written. Cannot
259 contain white space. A CR is
260 appended. For MS-Windows the default
261 is to send CTRL-D.
Bram Moolenaaref68e4f2017-09-02 16:28:36 +0200262 E.g. for a shell use "++eof=exit" and
263 for Python "++eof=exit()". Special
264 codes can be used like with `:map`,
265 e.g. "<C-Z>" for CTRL-Z.
Bram Moolenaarc6ddce32019-02-08 12:47:03 +0100266 ++type={pty} (MS-Windows only): Use {pty} as the
267 virtual console. See 'termwintype'
268 for the values.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200269 ++api={expr} Permit the function name starting with
270 {expr} to be called as |terminal-api|
271 function. If {expr} is empty then no
272 function can be called.
Bram Moolenaarc6ddce32019-02-08 12:47:03 +0100273
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200274 If you want to use more options use the |term_start()|
275 function.
Bram Moolenaarfc65cab2018-08-28 22:58:02 +0200276 If you want to split the window vertically, use: >
277 :vertical terminal
278< Or short: >
279 :vert ter
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200280
Bram Moolenaar25cdd9c2018-03-10 20:28:12 +0100281When the buffer associated with the terminal is forcibly unloaded or wiped out
282the job is killed, similar to calling `job_stop(job, "kill")` .
283Closing the window normally results in |E947|. When a kill method was set
284with "++kill={how}" or |term_setkill()| then closing the window will use that
285way to kill or interrupt the job. For example: >
286 :term ++kill=term tail -f /tmp/log
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200287
Bram Moolenaare561a7e2017-08-29 22:44:59 +0200288So long as the job is running the window behaves like it contains a modified
Bram Moolenaaref68e4f2017-09-02 16:28:36 +0200289buffer. Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :quit` fails. When using
290`CTRL-W :quit!` the job is ended. The text in the window is lost. The buffer
291still exists, but getting it in a window with `:buffer` will show an empty
292buffer.
293
294Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :close` also fails. Using
295`CTRL-W :close!` will close the window and make the buffer hidden.
Bram Moolenaare561a7e2017-08-29 22:44:59 +0200296
297You can use `CTRL-W :hide` to close the terminal window and make the buffer
298hidden, the job keeps running. The `:buffer` command can be used to turn the
299current window into a terminal window. If there are unsaved changes this
Bram Moolenaar0b0f0992018-05-22 21:41:30 +0200300fails, use ! to force, as usual.
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200301
Bram Moolenaar4d14bac2019-10-20 21:15:15 +0200302 *terminal-close*
303When the terminal window is closed, e.g. when the shell exits and "++close"
304argument was used, and this is the last normal Vim window, then Vim will exit.
305This is like using |:quit| in a normal window. Help and preview windows are
306not counted.
307
Bram Moolenaar8cad9302017-08-12 14:32:32 +0200308To have a background job run without a window, and open the window when it's
309done, use options like this: >
310 :term ++hidden ++open make
311Note that the window will open at an unexpected moment, this will interrupt
312what you are doing.
313
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200314 *E947* *E948*
Bram Moolenaar78712a72017-08-05 14:50:12 +0200315So long as the job is running, the buffer is considered modified and Vim
316cannot be quit easily, see |abandon|.
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200317
318When the job has finished and no changes were made to the buffer: closing the
319window will wipe out the buffer.
320
321Before changes can be made to a terminal buffer, the 'modifiable' option must
322be set. This is only possible when the job has finished. At the first change
323the buffer will become a normal buffer and the highlighting is removed.
324You may want to change the buffer name with |:file| to be able to write, since
325the buffer name will still be set to the command.
326
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200327
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200328Resizing ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100329 *terminal-resizing*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200330The size of the terminal can be in one of three modes:
331
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003321. The 'termwinsize' option is empty: The terminal size follows the window
333 size. The minimal size is 2 screen lines with 10 cells.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200334
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003352. The 'termwinsize' option is "rows*cols", where "rows" is the minimal number
336 of screen rows and "cols" is the minimal number of cells.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200337
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +02003383. The 'termwinsize' option is "rowsXcols" (where the x is upper or lower
339 case). The terminal size is fixed to the specified number of screen lines
340 and cells. If the window is bigger there will be unused empty space.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200341
342If the window is smaller than the terminal size, only part of the terminal can
343be seen (the lower-left part).
344
345The |term_getsize()| function can be used to get the current size of the
346terminal. |term_setsize()| can be used only when in the first or second mode,
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200347not when 'termwinsize' is "rowsXcols".
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200348
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200349
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200350Terminal-Job and Terminal-Normal mode ~
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200351 *Terminal-mode* *Terminal-Job*
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200352When the job is running the contents of the terminal is under control of the
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200353job. That includes the cursor position. Typed keys are sent to the job.
354The terminal contents can change at any time. This is called Terminal-Job
355mode.
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200356
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200357Use CTRL-W N (or 'termwinkey' N) to switch to Terminal-Normal mode. Now the
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200358contents of the terminal window is under control of Vim, the job output is
359suspended. CTRL-\ CTRL-N does the same.
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200360
Bram Moolenaar1b9645d2017-09-17 23:03:31 +0200361Terminal-Job mode is where |:tmap| mappings are applied. Keys sent by
Bram Moolenaar69fbc9e2017-09-14 20:37:57 +0200362|term_sendkeys()| are not subject to tmap, but keys from |feedkeys()| are.
363
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200364It is not possible to enter Insert mode from Terminal-Job mode.
365
366 *Terminal-Normal* *E946*
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200367In Terminal-Normal mode you can move the cursor around with the usual Vim
368commands, Visually mark text, yank text, etc. But you cannot change the
369contents of the buffer. The commands that would start insert mode, such as
370'i' and 'a', return to Terminal-Job mode. The window will be updated to show
Bram Moolenaar1b9645d2017-09-17 23:03:31 +0200371the contents of the terminal. |:startinsert| is ineffective.
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200372
Bram Moolenaardd693ce2017-08-10 23:15:19 +0200373In Terminal-Normal mode the statusline and window title show "(Terminal)". If
374the job ends while in Terminal-Normal mode this changes to
375"(Terminal-finished)".
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200376
Bram Moolenaar8c041b62018-04-14 18:14:06 +0200377When the job outputs lines in the terminal, such that the contents scrolls off
378the top, those lines are remembered and can be seen in Terminal-Normal mode.
Bram Moolenaar7dda86f2018-04-20 22:36:41 +0200379The number of lines is limited by the 'termwinscroll' option. When going over
Bram Moolenaar7db25fe2018-05-13 00:02:36 +0200380this limit, the first 10% of the scrolled lines are deleted and are lost.
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200381
Bram Moolenaar423802d2017-07-30 16:52:24 +0200382
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200383Cursor style ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100384 *terminal-cursor-style*
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +0200385By default the cursor in the terminal window uses a not blinking block. The
386normal xterm escape sequences can be used to change the blinking state and the
387shape. Once focus leaves the terminal window Vim will restore the original
388cursor.
389
390An exception is when xterm is started with the "-bc" argument, or another way
391that causes the cursor to blink. This actually means that the blinking flag
392is inverted. Since Vim cannot detect this, the terminal window cursor
393blinking will also be inverted.
394
395
Bram Moolenaarb5b75622018-03-09 22:22:21 +0100396Session ~
397 *terminal-session*
398A terminal window will be restored when using a session file, if possible and
399wanted.
400
401If "terminal" was removed from 'sessionoptions' then no terminal windows will
402be restored.
403
404If the job in the terminal was finished the window will not be restored.
405
406If the terminal can be restored, the command that was used to open it will be
407used again. To change this use the |term_setrestore()| function. This can
408also be used to not restore a specific terminal by setting the command to
409"NONE".
410
411
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100412Special keys ~
413 *terminal-special-keys*
414Since the terminal emulator simulates an xterm, only escape sequences that
415both Vim and xterm recognize will be available in the terminal window. If you
416want to pass on other escape sequences to the job running in the terminal you
417need to set up forwarding. Example: >
418 tmap <expr> <Esc>]b SendToTerm("\<Esc>]b")
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +0100419 func SendToTerm(what)
420 call term_sendkeys('', a:what)
421 return ''
422 endfunc
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200423
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100424
425Unix ~
426 *terminal-unix*
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200427On Unix a pty is used to make it possible to run all kinds of commands. You
428can even run Vim in the terminal! That's used for debugging, see below.
429
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200430Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
Bram Moolenaar9a993e32018-04-05 22:15:22 +0200431 TERM the name of the terminal, from the 'term' option or
432 $TERM in the GUI; falls back to "xterm" if it does not
433 start with "xterm"
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200434 ROWS number of rows in the terminal initially
435 LINES same as ROWS
436 COLUMNS number of columns in the terminal initially
437 COLORS number of colors, 't_Co' (256*256*256 in the GUI)
438 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername
Bram Moolenaard7a137f2018-06-12 18:05:24 +0200439 VIM_TERMINAL v:version
Bram Moolenaarf55e4c82017-08-01 20:44:53 +0200440
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200441
442MS-Windows ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +0100443 *terminal-ms-windows*
Bram Moolenaar8a773062017-07-24 22:29:21 +0200444On MS-Windows winpty is used to make it possible to run all kind of commands.
445Obviously, they must be commands that run in a terminal, not open their own
446window.
447
448You need the following two files from winpty:
449
450 winpty.dll
451 winpty-agent.exe
452
453You can download them from the following page:
454
455 https://github.com/rprichard/winpty
456
Bram Moolenaar8e539c52017-08-18 22:57:06 +0200457Just put the files somewhere in your PATH. You can set the 'winptydll' option
458to point to the right file, if needed. If you have both the 32-bit and 64-bit
459version, rename to winpty32.dll and winpty64.dll to match the way Vim was
460build.
Bram Moolenaar5acd9872019-02-16 13:35:13 +0100461 *ConPTY* *E982*
Bram Moolenaaraa5df7e2019-02-03 14:53:10 +0100462On more recent versions of MS-Windows 10 (beginning with the "October 2018
463Update"), winpty is no longer required. On those versions, |:terminal| will use
464Windows' built-in support for hosting terminal applications, "ConPTY". When
465ConPTY is in use, there may be rendering artifacts regarding ambiguous-width
Bram Moolenaar5acd9872019-02-16 13:35:13 +0100466characters. If you encounter any such issues, install "winpty". Until the
467ConPTY problems have been fixed "winpty" will be preferred.
Bram Moolenaarb6e0ec62017-07-23 22:12:20 +0200468
Bram Moolenaar52dbb5e2017-11-21 18:11:27 +0100469Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
470 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername
471
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200472
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +0200473==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +02004742. Terminal functions *terminal-function-details*
475
476 *term_dumpdiff()*
477term_dumpdiff({filename}, {filename} [, {options}])
478 Open a new window displaying the difference between the two
479 files. The files must have been created with
480 |term_dumpwrite()|.
481 Returns the buffer number or zero when the diff fails.
482 Also see |terminal-diff|.
483 NOTE: this does not work with double-width characters yet.
484
485 The top part of the buffer contains the contents of the first
486 file, the bottom part of the buffer contains the contents of
487 the second file. The middle part shows the differences.
488 The parts are separated by a line of equals.
489
490 If the {options} argument is present, it must be a Dict with
491 these possible members:
492 "term_name" name to use for the buffer name, instead
493 of the first file name.
494 "term_rows" vertical size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar1c6737b2020-09-07 22:18:52 +0200495 instead of using 'termwinsize', but
496 respecting the minimal size
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200497 "term_cols" horizontal size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar1c6737b2020-09-07 22:18:52 +0200498 instead of using 'termwinsize', but
499 respecting the minimal size
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200500 "vertical" split the window vertically
501 "curwin" use the current window, do not split the
502 window; fails if the current buffer
503 cannot be |abandon|ed
504 "bufnr" do not create a new buffer, use the
505 existing buffer "bufnr". This buffer
506 must have been previously created with
507 term_dumpdiff() or term_dumpload() and
508 visible in a window.
509 "norestore" do not add the terminal window to a
510 session file
511
512 Each character in the middle part indicates a difference. If
513 there are multiple differences only the first in this list is
514 used:
515 X different character
516 w different width
517 f different foreground color
518 b different background color
519 a different attribute
520 + missing position in first file
521 - missing position in second file
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +0100522 > cursor position in first file, not in second
Bram Moolenaar23515b42020-11-29 14:36:24 +0100523 < cursor position in second file, not in first
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200524
525 Using the "s" key the top and bottom parts are swapped. This
526 makes it easy to spot a difference.
527
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200528 Can also be used as a |method|: >
529 GetFilename()->term_dumpdiff(otherfile)
530<
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200531 *term_dumpload()*
532term_dumpload({filename} [, {options}])
533 Open a new window displaying the contents of {filename}
534 The file must have been created with |term_dumpwrite()|.
535 Returns the buffer number or zero when it fails.
536 Also see |terminal-diff|.
537
538 For {options} see |term_dumpdiff()|.
539
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200540 Can also be used as a |method|: >
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +0200541 GetFilename()->term_dumpload()
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200542<
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200543 *term_dumpwrite()*
544term_dumpwrite({buf}, {filename} [, {options}])
545 Dump the contents of the terminal screen of {buf} in the file
546 {filename}. This uses a format that can be used with
547 |term_dumpload()| and |term_dumpdiff()|.
548 If the job in the terminal already finished an error is given:
549 *E958*
550 If {filename} already exists an error is given: *E953*
551 Also see |terminal-diff|.
552
553 {options} is a dictionary with these optional entries:
554 "rows" maximum number of rows to dump
555 "columns" maximum number of columns to dump
556
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200557 Can also be used as a |method|, the base is used for the file
558 name: >
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +0200559 GetFilename()->term_dumpwrite(bufnr)
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200560
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200561term_getaltscreen({buf}) *term_getaltscreen()*
562 Returns 1 if the terminal of {buf} is using the alternate
563 screen.
564 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200565
566 Can also be used as a |method|: >
567 GetBufnr()->term_getaltscreen()
568
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200569
570term_getansicolors({buf}) *term_getansicolors()*
571 Get the ANSI color palette in use by terminal {buf}.
572 Returns a List of length 16 where each element is a String
573 representing a color in hexadecimal "#rrggbb" format.
574 Also see |term_setansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
575 If neither was used returns the default colors.
576
577 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|. If the buffer does not
578 exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200579
580 Can also be used as a |method|: >
581 GetBufnr()->term_getansicolors()
582
583< {only available when compiled with GUI enabled and/or the
584 |+termguicolors| feature}
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200585
586term_getattr({attr}, {what}) *term_getattr()*
587 Given {attr}, a value returned by term_scrape() in the "attr"
588 item, return whether {what} is on. {what} can be one of:
589 bold
590 italic
591 underline
592 strike
593 reverse
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200594
595 Can also be used as a |method|: >
596 GetAttr()->term_getattr()
597
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200598
599term_getcursor({buf}) *term_getcursor()*
600 Get the cursor position of terminal {buf}. Returns a list with
601 two numbers and a dictionary: [row, col, dict].
602
603 "row" and "col" are one based, the first screen cell is row
604 1, column 1. This is the cursor position of the terminal
605 itself, not of the Vim window.
606
607 "dict" can have these members:
608 "visible" one when the cursor is visible, zero when it
609 is hidden.
610 "blink" one when the cursor is blinking, zero when it
611 is not blinking.
612 "shape" 1 for a block cursor, 2 for underline and 3
613 for a vertical bar.
614 "color" color of the cursor, e.g. "green"
615
616 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
617 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
618 list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200619
620 Can also be used as a |method|: >
621 GetBufnr()->term_getcursor()
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200622
623term_getjob({buf}) *term_getjob()*
624 Get the Job associated with terminal window {buf}.
625 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
626 Returns |v:null| when there is no job.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200627
628 Can also be used as a |method|: >
629 GetBufnr()->term_getjob()
630
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200631
632term_getline({buf}, {row}) *term_getline()*
633 Get a line of text from the terminal window of {buf}.
634 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
635
636 The first line has {row} one. When {row} is "." the cursor
637 line is used. When {row} is invalid an empty string is
638 returned.
639
640 To get attributes of each character use |term_scrape()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200641
642 Can also be used as a |method|: >
643 GetBufnr()->term_getline(row)
644
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200645
646term_getscrolled({buf}) *term_getscrolled()*
647 Return the number of lines that scrolled to above the top of
648 terminal {buf}. This is the offset between the row number
649 used for |term_getline()| and |getline()|, so that: >
650 term_getline(buf, N)
651< is equal to: >
652 getline(N + term_getscrolled(buf))
653< (if that line exists).
654
655 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200656
657 Can also be used as a |method|: >
658 GetBufnr()->term_getscrolled()
659
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200660
661term_getsize({buf}) *term_getsize()*
662 Get the size of terminal {buf}. Returns a list with two
663 numbers: [rows, cols]. This is the size of the terminal, not
664 the window containing the terminal.
665
666 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. Use an
667 empty string for the current buffer. If the buffer does not
668 exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200669
670 Can also be used as a |method|: >
671 GetBufnr()->term_getsize()
672
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200673
674term_getstatus({buf}) *term_getstatus()*
Bram Moolenaar29634562020-01-09 21:46:04 +0100675 Get the status of terminal {buf}. This returns a String with
676 a comma separated list of these items:
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200677 running job is running
678 finished job has finished
679 normal in Terminal-Normal mode
680 One of "running" or "finished" is always present.
681
682 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
683 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
684 string is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200685
686 Can also be used as a |method|: >
687 GetBufnr()->term_getstatus()
688
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200689
690term_gettitle({buf}) *term_gettitle()*
691 Get the title of terminal {buf}. This is the title that the
692 job in the terminal has set.
693
694 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. If the
695 buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
696 string is returned.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200697
698 Can also be used as a |method|: >
699 GetBufnr()->term_gettitle()
700
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200701
702term_gettty({buf} [, {input}]) *term_gettty()*
703 Get the name of the controlling terminal associated with
704 terminal window {buf}. {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
705
706 When {input} is omitted or 0, return the name for writing
707 (stdout). When {input} is 1 return the name for reading
708 (stdin). On UNIX, both return same name.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200709
710 Can also be used as a |method|: >
711 GetBufnr()->term_gettty()
712
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200713
714term_list() *term_list()*
715 Return a list with the buffer numbers of all buffers for
716 terminal windows.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200717
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200718
719term_scrape({buf}, {row}) *term_scrape()*
720 Get the contents of {row} of terminal screen of {buf}.
721 For {buf} see |term_getsize()|.
722
723 The first line has {row} one. When {row} is "." the cursor
724 line is used. When {row} is invalid an empty string is
725 returned.
726
727 Return a List containing a Dict for each screen cell:
728 "chars" character(s) at the cell
729 "fg" foreground color as #rrggbb
730 "bg" background color as #rrggbb
731 "attr" attributes of the cell, use |term_getattr()|
732 to get the individual flags
733 "width" cell width: 1 or 2
Bram Moolenaar942db232021-02-13 18:14:48 +0100734 For a double-width cell there is one item, thus the list can
735 be shorter than the width of the terminal.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200736
737 Can also be used as a |method|: >
738 GetBufnr()->term_scrape(row)
739
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200740
741term_sendkeys({buf}, {keys}) *term_sendkeys()*
742 Send keystrokes {keys} to terminal {buf}.
743 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
744
745 {keys} are translated as key sequences. For example, "\<c-x>"
746 means the character CTRL-X.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200747
748 Can also be used as a |method|: >
749 GetBufnr()->term_sendkeys(keys)
750
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200751
752term_setansicolors({buf}, {colors}) *term_setansicolors()*
753 Set the ANSI color palette used by terminal {buf}.
754 {colors} must be a List of 16 valid color names or hexadecimal
755 color codes, like those accepted by |highlight-guifg|.
756 Also see |term_getansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
757
758 The colors normally are:
759 0 black
760 1 dark red
761 2 dark green
762 3 brown
763 4 dark blue
764 5 dark magenta
765 6 dark cyan
766 7 light grey
767 8 dark grey
768 9 red
769 10 green
770 11 yellow
771 12 blue
772 13 magenta
773 14 cyan
774 15 white
775
776 These colors are used in the GUI and in the terminal when
777 'termguicolors' is set. When not using GUI colors (GUI mode
778 or 'termguicolors'), the terminal window always uses the 16
779 ANSI colors of the underlying terminal.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200780
781 Can also be used as a |method|: >
782 GetBufnr()->term_setansicolors(colors)
783
784< {only available with GUI enabled and/or the |+termguicolors|
785 feature}
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200786
Bram Moolenaar89a9c152021-08-29 21:55:35 +0200787
788term_setapi({buf}, {expr}) *term_setapi()*
789 Set the function name prefix to be used for the |terminal-api|
790 function in terminal {buf}. For example: >
791 :call term_setapi(buf, "Myapi_")
792 :call term_setapi(buf, "")
793<
794 The default is "Tapi_". When {expr} is an empty string then
795 no |terminal-api| function can be used for {buf}.
796
797 When used as a method the base is used for {buf}: >
798 GetBufnr()->term_setapi({expr})
799
800
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200801term_setkill({buf}, {how}) *term_setkill()*
802 When exiting Vim or trying to close the terminal window in
803 another way, {how} defines whether the job in the terminal can
804 be stopped.
805 When {how} is empty (the default), the job will not be
806 stopped, trying to exit will result in |E947|.
807 Otherwise, {how} specifies what signal to send to the job.
808 See |job_stop()| for the values.
809
810 After sending the signal Vim will wait for up to a second to
811 check that the job actually stopped.
812
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200813 Can also be used as a |method|: >
814 GetBufnr()->term_setkill(how)
815
816
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200817term_setrestore({buf}, {command}) *term_setrestore()*
818 Set the command to write in a session file to restore the job
819 in this terminal. The line written in the session file is: >
820 terminal ++curwin ++cols=%d ++rows=%d {command}
821< Make sure to escape the command properly.
822
823 Use an empty {command} to run 'shell'.
824 Use "NONE" to not restore this window.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200825
826 Can also be used as a |method|: >
827 GetBufnr()->term_setrestore(command)
828
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200829
830term_setsize({buf}, {rows}, {cols}) *term_setsize()* *E955*
831 Set the size of terminal {buf}. The size of the window
832 containing the terminal will also be adjusted, if possible.
833 If {rows} or {cols} is zero or negative, that dimension is not
834 changed.
835
836 {buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window. Use an
837 empty string for the current buffer. If the buffer does not
838 exist or is not a terminal window, an error is given.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200839
840 Can also be used as a |method|: >
841 GetBufnr()->term_setsize(rows, cols)
842
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200843
844term_start({cmd} [, {options}]) *term_start()*
845 Open a terminal window and run {cmd} in it.
846
847 {cmd} can be a string or a List, like with |job_start()|. The
848 string "NONE" can be used to open a terminal window without
849 starting a job, the pty of the terminal can be used by a
850 command like gdb.
851
852 Returns the buffer number of the terminal window. If {cmd}
853 cannot be executed the window does open and shows an error
854 message.
855 If opening the window fails zero is returned.
856
857 {options} are similar to what is used for |job_start()|, see
858 |job-options|. However, not all options can be used. These
859 are supported:
860 all timeout options
861 "stoponexit", "cwd", "env"
862 "callback", "out_cb", "err_cb", "exit_cb", "close_cb"
863 "in_io", "in_top", "in_bot", "in_name", "in_buf"
864 "out_io", "out_name", "out_buf", "out_modifiable", "out_msg"
865 "err_io", "err_name", "err_buf", "err_modifiable", "err_msg"
866 However, at least one of stdin, stdout or stderr must be
867 connected to the terminal. When I/O is connected to the
868 terminal then the callback function for that part is not used.
869
870 There are extra options:
871 "term_name" name to use for the buffer name, instead
872 of the command name.
873 "term_rows" vertical size to use for the terminal,
Bram Moolenaar5300be62021-11-13 10:27:40 +0000874 instead of using 'termwinsize'; valid
875 range is from zero to 1000
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200876 "term_cols" horizontal size to use for the terminal,
877 instead of using 'termwinsize'
878 "vertical" split the window vertically; note that
879 other window position can be defined with
880 command modifiers, such as |:belowright|.
881 "curwin" use the current window, do not split the
882 window; fails if the current buffer
883 cannot be |abandon|ed
884 "hidden" do not open a window
885 "norestore" do not add the terminal window to a
886 session file
887 "term_kill" what to do when trying to close the
888 terminal window, see |term_setkill()|
889 "term_finish" What to do when the job is finished:
890 "close": close any windows
891 "open": open window if needed
892 Note that "open" can be interruptive.
893 See |term++close| and |term++open|.
894 "term_opencmd" command to use for opening the window when
895 "open" is used for "term_finish"; must
896 have "%d" where the buffer number goes,
897 e.g. "10split|buffer %d"; when not
898 specified "botright sbuf %d" is used
Bram Moolenaar83d47902020-03-26 20:34:00 +0100899 "term_highlight" highlight group to use instead of
900 "Terminal"
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200901 "eof_chars" Text to send after all buffer lines were
902 written to the terminal. When not set
903 CTRL-D is used on MS-Windows. For Python
904 use CTRL-Z or "exit()". For a shell use
905 "exit". A CR is always added.
906 "ansi_colors" A list of 16 color names or hex codes
907 defining the ANSI palette used in GUI
908 color modes. See |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
909 "tty_type" (MS-Windows only): Specify which pty to
910 use. See 'termwintype' for the values.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200911 "term_api" function name prefix for the
912 |terminal-api| function. See
913 |term_setapi()|.
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200914
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200915 Can also be used as a |method|: >
916 GetCommand()->term_start()
917
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200918
919term_wait({buf} [, {time}]) *term_wait()*
920 Wait for pending updates of {buf} to be handled.
921 {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
922 {time} is how long to wait for updates to arrive in msec. If
923 not set then 10 msec will be used.
Bram Moolenaar7ee80f72019-09-08 20:55:06 +0200924
925 Can also be used as a |method|: >
926 GetBufnr()->term_wait()
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +0200927
928==============================================================================
9293. Terminal communication *terminal-communication*
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200930
931There are several ways to communicate with the job running in a terminal:
932- Use |term_sendkeys()| to send text and escape sequences from Vim to the job.
933- Use the JSON API to send encoded commands from the job to Vim.
934- Use the |client-server| mechanism. This works on machines with an X server
935 and on MS-Windows.
936
937
938Vim to job: term_sendkeys() ~
939 *terminal-to-job*
940This allows for remote controlling the job running in the terminal. It is a
941one-way mechanism. The job can update the display to signal back to Vim.
942For example, if a shell is running in a terminal, you can do: >
943 call term_sendkeys(buf, "ls *.java\<CR>")
944
945This requires for the job to be in the right state where it will do the right
946thing when receiving the keys. For the above example, the shell must be
947waiting for a command to be typed.
948
949For a job that was written for the purpose, you can use the JSON API escape
950sequence in the other direction. E.g.: >
951 call term_sendkeys(buf, "\<Esc>]51;["response"]\x07")
952
953
954Job to Vim: JSON API ~
955 *terminal-api*
956The job can send JSON to Vim, using a special escape sequence. The JSON
957encodes a command that Vim understands. Example of such a message: >
958 <Esc>]51;["drop", "README.md"]<07>
959
960The body is always a list, making it easy to find the end: ]<07>.
961The <Esc>]51;msg<07> sequence is reserved by xterm for "Emacs shell", which is
962similar to what we are doing here.
963
964Currently supported commands:
965
966 call {funcname} {argument}
967
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200968 Call a user defined function with {argument}.
969 The function is called with two arguments: the buffer number
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +0100970 of the terminal and {argument}, the decoded JSON argument.
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200971 By default, the function name must start with "Tapi_" to avoid
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200972 accidentally calling a function not meant to be used for the
Bram Moolenaard2842ea2019-09-26 23:08:54 +0200973 terminal API. This can be changed with |term_setapi()|.
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200974 The user function should sanity check the argument.
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200975 The function can use |term_sendkeys()| to send back a reply.
976 Example in JSON: >
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200977 ["call", "Tapi_Impression", ["play", 14]]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200978< Calls a function defined like this: >
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200979 function Tapi_Impression(bufnum, arglist)
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200980 if len(a:arglist) == 2
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200981 echomsg "impression " . a:arglist[0]
982 echomsg "count " . a:arglist[1]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200983 endif
984 endfunc
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +0200985< Output from `:echo` may be erased by a redraw, use `:echomsg`
986 to be able to see it with `:messages`.
987
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +0200988 drop {filename} [options]
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +0200989
990 Let Vim open a file, like the `:drop` command. If {filename}
991 is already open in a window, switch to that window. Otherwise
992 open a new window to edit {filename}.
Bram Moolenaar85eee132018-05-06 17:57:30 +0200993 Note that both the job and Vim may change the current
994 directory, thus it's best to use the full path.
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +0200995
996 [options] is only used when opening a new window. If present,
Bram Moolenaard1caa942020-04-10 22:10:56 +0200997 it must be a Dict. Similarly to |++opt|, these entries are
Bram Moolenaar68e65602019-05-26 21:33:31 +0200998 recognized:
Bram Moolenaar333b80a2018-04-04 22:57:29 +0200999 "ff" file format: "dos", "mac" or "unix"
1000 "fileformat" idem
1001 "enc" overrides 'fileencoding'
1002 "encoding" idem
1003 "bin" sets 'binary'
1004 "binary" idem
1005 "nobin" resets 'binary'
1006 "nobinary" idem
1007 "bad" specifies behavior for bad characters, see
1008 |++bad|
1009
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +02001010 Example in JSON: >
1011 ["drop", "path/file.txt", {"ff": "dos"}]
1012
1013A trick to have Vim send this escape sequence: >
1014 exe "set t_ts=\<Esc>]51; t_fs=\x07"
Bram Moolenaar2a77d212018-03-26 21:38:52 +02001015 let &titlestring = '["call","Tapi_TryThis",["hello",123]]'
Bram Moolenaar8fbaeb12018-03-25 18:20:17 +02001016 redraw
1017 set t_ts& t_fs&
1018
1019Rationale: Why not allow for any command or expression? Because that might
1020create a security problem.
1021
1022
1023Using the client-server feature ~
1024 *terminal-client-server*
1025This only works when v:servername is not empty. If needed you can set it,
1026before opening the terminal, with: >
1027 call remote_startserver('vim-server')
1028
1029$VIM_SERVERNAME is set in the terminal to pass on the server name.
1030
1031In the job you can then do something like: >
1032 vim --servername $VIM_SERVERNAME --remote +123 some_file.c
1033This will open the file "some_file.c" and put the cursor on line 123.
1034
1035==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020010364. Remote testing *terminal-testing*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001037
1038Most Vim tests execute a script inside Vim. For some tests this does not
1039work, running the test interferes with the code being tested. To avoid this
1040Vim is executed in a terminal window. The test sends keystrokes to it and
1041inspects the resulting screen state.
1042
1043Functions ~
1044
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001045|term_sendkeys()| send keystrokes to a terminal (not subject to tmap)
1046|term_wait()| wait for screen to be updated
1047|term_scrape()| inspect terminal screen
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001048
1049
1050==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020010515. Diffing screen dumps *terminal-diff*
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001052
1053In some cases it can be bothersome to test that Vim displays the right
1054characters on the screen. E.g. with syntax highlighting. To make this
1055simpler it is possible to take a screen dump of a terminal and compare it to
1056an expected screen dump.
1057
1058Vim uses the window size, text, color and other attributes as displayed. The
1059Vim screen size, font and other properties do not matter. Therefore this
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001060mechanism is portable across systems. A conventional screenshot would reflect
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001061all differences, including font size and family.
1062
1063
1064Writing a screen dump test for Vim ~
1065 *terminal-dumptest*
1066For an example see the Test_syntax_c() function in
1067src/testdir/test_syntax.vim. The main parts are:
1068- Write a file you want to test with. This is useful for testing syntax
Bram Moolenaar560979e2020-02-04 22:53:05 +01001069 highlighting. You can also start Vim with an empty buffer.
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001070- Run Vim in a terminal with a specific size. The default is 20 lines of 75
1071 characters. This makes sure the dump is always this size. The function
1072 RunVimInTerminal() takes care of this. Pass it the arguments for the Vim
1073 command.
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001074- Send any commands to Vim using |term_sendkeys()|. For example: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001075 call term_sendkeys(buf, ":echo &lines &columns\<CR>")
1076- Check that the screen is now in the expected state, using
1077 VerifyScreenDump(). This expects the reference screen dump to be in the
1078 src/testdir/dumps/ directory. Pass the name without ".dump". It is
1079 recommended to use the name of the test function and a sequence number, so
1080 that we know what test is using the file.
1081- Repeat sending commands and checking the state.
1082- Finally stop Vim by calling StopVimInTerminal().
1083
1084The first time you do this you won't have a screen dump yet. Create an empty
1085file for now, e.g.: >
1086 touch src/testdir/dumps/Test_function_name_01.dump
1087
1088The test will then fail, giving you the command to compare the reference dump
1089and the failed dump, e.g.: >
Bram Moolenaar0c0734d2019-11-26 21:44:46 +01001090 call term_dumpdiff("failed/Test_func.dump", "dumps/Test_func.dump")
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001091
1092Use this command in Vim, with the current directory set to src/testdir.
1093Once you are satisfied with the test, move the failed dump in place of the
1094reference: >
Bram Moolenaar0c0734d2019-11-26 21:44:46 +01001095 :!mv failed/Test_func.dump dumps/Test_func.dump
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001096
1097
1098Creating a screen dump ~
1099 *terminal-screendump*
1100
1101To create the screen dump, run Vim (or any other program) in a terminal and
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001102make it show the desired state. Then use the |term_dumpwrite()| function to
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001103create a screen dump file. For example: >
1104 :call term_dumpwrite(77, "mysyntax.dump")
1105
1106Here "77" is the buffer number of the terminal. Use `:ls!` to see it.
1107
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001108You can view the screen dump with |term_dumpload()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001109 :call term_dumpload("mysyntax.dump")
1110
1111To verify that Vim still shows exactly the same screen, run Vim again with
1112exactly the same way to show the desired state. Then create a screen dump
1113again, using a different file name: >
1114 :call term_dumpwrite(88, "test.dump")
1115
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001116To assert that the files are exactly the same use |assert_equalfile()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001117 call assert_equalfile("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")
1118
1119If there are differences then v:errors will contain the error message.
1120
1121
1122Comparing screen dumps ~
1123 *terminal-diffscreendump*
1124
Bram Moolenaar6dc819b2018-07-03 16:42:19 +02001125|assert_equalfile()| does not make it easy to see what is different.
1126To spot the problem use |term_dumpdiff()|: >
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001127 call term_dumpdiff("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")
1128
1129This will open a window consisting of three parts:
11301. The contents of the first dump
11312. The difference between the first and second dump
11323. The contents of the second dump
1133
1134You can usually see what differs in the second part. Use the 'ruler' to
Bram Moolenaar93a1df22018-09-10 11:51:50 +02001135relate it to the position in the first or second dump. Letters indicate the
1136kind of difference:
1137 X different character
1138 > cursor in first but not in second
1139 < cursor in second but not in first
1140 w character width differs (single vs double width)
1141 f foreground color differs
1142 b background color differs
1143 a attribute differs (bold, underline, reverse, etc.)
1144 ? character missing in both
1145 + character missing in first
1146 - character missing in second
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001147
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001148Alternatively, press "s" to swap the first and second dump. Do this several
Bram Moolenaarda650582018-02-20 15:51:40 +01001149times so that you can spot the difference in the context of the text.
1150
1151==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar6bf2c622019-07-04 17:12:09 +020011526. Debugging *terminal-debug* *terminal-debugger*
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001153
1154The Terminal debugging plugin can be used to debug a program with gdb and view
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001155the source code in a Vim window. Since this is completely contained inside
1156Vim this also works remotely over an ssh connection.
1157
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001158When the |+terminal| feature is missing, the plugin will use the "prompt"
1159buffer type, if possible. The running program will then use a newly opened
1160terminal window. See |termdebug-prompt| below for details.
1161
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001162
1163Starting ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001164 *termdebug-starting*
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001165Load the plugin with this command: >
1166 packadd termdebug
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001167< *:Termdebug*
Bram Moolenaard473c8c2018-08-11 18:00:22 +02001168To start debugging use `:Termdebug` or `:TermdebugCommand` followed by the
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001169command name, for example: >
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001170 :Termdebug vim
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001171
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001172This opens two windows:
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001173
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001174gdb window A terminal window in which "gdb vim" is executed. Here you
1175 can directly interact with gdb. The buffer name is "!gdb".
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001176
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001177program window A terminal window for the executed program. When "run" is
1178 used in gdb the program I/O will happen in this window, so
1179 that it does not interfere with controlling gdb. The buffer
1180 name is "gdb program".
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001181
1182The current window is used to show the source code. When gdb pauses the
1183source file location will be displayed, if possible. A sign is used to
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +01001184highlight the current position, using highlight group debugPC.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001185
1186If the buffer in the current window is modified, another window will be opened
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001187to display the current gdb position. You can use `:Winbar` to add a window
1188toolbar there.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001189
1190Focus the terminal of the executed program to interact with it. This works
1191the same as any command running in a terminal window.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001192
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001193When the debugger ends, typically by typing "quit" in the gdb window, the two
1194opened windows are closed.
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001195
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001196Only one debugger can be active at a time.
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001197 *:TermdebugCommand*
1198If you want to give specific commands to the command being debugged, you can
1199use the `:TermdebugCommand` command followed by the command name and
1200additional parameters. >
1201 :TermdebugCommand vim --clean -c ':set nu'
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001202
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001203Both the `:Termdebug` and `:TermdebugCommand` support an optional "!" bang
1204argument to start the command right away, without pausing at the gdb window
1205(and cursor will be in the debugged window). For example: >
1206 :TermdebugCommand! vim --clean
1207
1208To attach gdb to an already running executable or use a core file, pass extra
Bram Moolenaarb3623a32018-04-14 18:59:50 +02001209arguments. E.g.: >
1210 :Termdebug vim core
1211 :Termdebug vim 98343
1212
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001213If no argument is given, you'll end up in a gdb window, in which you need to
1214specify which command to run using e.g. the gdb `file` command.
1215
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001216
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001217Example session ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001218 *termdebug-example*
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001219Start in the Vim "src" directory and build Vim: >
1220 % make
Bram Moolenaar1ff14ba2019-11-02 14:09:23 +01001221Make sure that debug symbols are present, usually that means that $CFLAGS
1222includes "-g".
1223
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001224Start Vim: >
1225 % ./vim
Bram Moolenaar1ff14ba2019-11-02 14:09:23 +01001226
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001227Load the termdebug plugin and start debugging Vim: >
1228 :packadd termdebug
1229 :Termdebug vim
1230You should now have three windows:
1231 source - where you started, has a window toolbar with buttons
1232 gdb - you can type gdb commands here
1233 program - the executed program will use this window
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001234
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001235You can use CTRL-W CTRL-W or the mouse to move focus between windows.
1236Put focus on the gdb window and type: >
1237 break ex_help
1238 run
1239Vim will start running in the program window. Put focus there and type: >
1240 :help gui
Bram Moolenaar664f3cf2019-12-07 16:03:51 +01001241Gdb will run into the ex_help breakpoint. The source window now shows the
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001242ex_cmds.c file. A red "1 " marker will appear in the signcolumn where the
1243breakpoint was set. The line where the debugger stopped is highlighted. You
1244can now step through the program. Let's use the mouse: click on the "Next"
1245button in the window toolbar. You will see the highlighting move as the
1246debugger executes a line of source code.
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001247
1248Click "Next" a few times until the for loop is highlighted. Put the cursor on
1249the end of "eap->arg", then click "Eval" in the toolbar. You will see this
1250displayed:
1251 "eap->arg": 0x555555e68855 "gui" ~
1252This way you can inspect the value of local variables. You can also focus the
1253gdb window and use a "print" command, e.g.: >
1254 print *eap
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001255If mouse pointer movements are working, Vim will also show a balloon when the
1256mouse rests on text that can be evaluated by gdb.
Bram Moolenaar24a98a02017-09-27 22:23:55 +02001257
1258Now go back to the source window and put the cursor on the first line after
1259the for loop, then type: >
1260 :Break
1261You will see a ">>" marker appear, this indicates the new breakpoint. Now
1262click "Cont" in the toolbar and the code until the breakpoint will be
1263executed.
1264
1265You can type more advanced commands in the gdb window. For example, type: >
1266 watch curbuf
1267Now click "Cont" in the toolbar (or type "cont" in the gdb window). Execution
1268will now continue until the value of "curbuf" changes, which is in do_ecmd().
1269To remove this watchpoint again type in the gdb window: >
1270 delete 3
1271
1272You can see the stack by typing in the gdb window: >
1273 where
1274Move through the stack frames, e.g. with: >
1275 frame 3
1276The source window will show the code, at the point where the call was made to
1277a deeper level.
1278
1279
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001280Stepping through code ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001281 *termdebug-stepping*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001282Put focus on the gdb window to type commands there. Some common ones are:
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001283- CTRL-C interrupt the program
1284- next execute the current line and stop at the next line
1285- step execute the current line and stop at the next statement,
1286 entering functions
1287- finish execute until leaving the current function
1288- where show the stack
1289- frame N go to the Nth stack frame
1290- continue continue execution
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001291
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001292 *:Run* *:Arguments*
1293In the window showing the source code these commands can be used to control
1294gdb:
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001295 `:Run` [args] run the program with [args] or the previous arguments
1296 `:Arguments` {args} set arguments for the next `:Run`
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001297
Bram Moolenaar589edb32019-09-20 14:38:13 +02001298 *:Break* set a breakpoint at the cursor position
1299 :Break {position}
Bram Moolenaar2e693a82019-10-16 22:35:02 +02001300 set a breakpoint at the specified position
Bram Moolenaar589edb32019-09-20 14:38:13 +02001301 *:Clear* delete the breakpoint at the cursor position
Bram Moolenaar60e73f22017-11-12 18:02:06 +01001302
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001303 *:Step* execute the gdb "step" command
1304 *:Over* execute the gdb "next" command (`:Next` is a Vim command)
1305 *:Finish* execute the gdb "finish" command
1306 *:Continue* execute the gdb "continue" command
1307 *:Stop* interrupt the program
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001308
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001309If 'mouse' is set the plugin adds a window toolbar with these entries:
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001310 Step `:Step`
1311 Next `:Over`
1312 Finish `:Finish`
1313 Cont `:Continue`
1314 Stop `:Stop`
1315 Eval `:Evaluate`
Bram Moolenaarf0b03c42017-12-17 17:17:07 +01001316This way you can use the mouse to perform the most common commands. You need
1317to have the 'mouse' option set to enable mouse clicks.
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001318 *:Winbar*
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001319You can add the window toolbar in other windows you open with: >
1320 :Winbar
1321
Bram Moolenaarc4b533e2018-04-06 22:26:25 +02001322If gdb stops at a source line and there is no window currently showing the
1323source code, a new window will be created for the source code. This also
1324happens if the buffer in the source code window has been modified and can't be
1325abandoned.
1326
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001327Gdb gives each breakpoint a number. In Vim the number shows up in the sign
1328column, with a red background. You can use these gdb commands:
1329- info break list breakpoints
1330- delete N delete breakpoint N
1331You can also use the `:Clear` command if the cursor is in the line with the
1332breakpoint, or use the "Clear breakpoint" right-click menu entry.
1333
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001334
1335Inspecting variables ~
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001336 *termdebug-variables* *:Evaluate*
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001337 `:Evaluate` evaluate the expression under the cursor
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +02001338 `K` same (see |termdebug_map_K| to disable)
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001339 `:Evaluate` {expr} evaluate {expr}
1340 `:'<,'>Evaluate` evaluate the Visually selected text
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001341
1342This is similar to using "print" in the gdb window.
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001343You can usually shorten `:Evaluate` to `:Ev`.
Bram Moolenaar45d5f262017-09-10 19:14:31 +02001344
1345
1346Other commands ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001347 *termdebug-commands*
Bram Moolenaar32c67ba2018-04-16 16:21:49 +02001348 *:Gdb* jump to the gdb window
1349 *:Program* jump to the window with the running program
1350 *:Source* jump to the window with the source code, create it if there
Bram Moolenaarc4b533e2018-04-06 22:26:25 +02001351 isn't one
Bram Moolenaar82be4842021-01-11 19:40:15 +01001352 *:Asm* jump to the window with the disassembly, create it if there
1353 isn't one
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001354
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001355Events ~
1356 *termdebug-events*
1357Four autocommands can be used: >
1358 au User TermdebugStartPre echomsg 'debugging starting'
1359 au User TermdebugStartPost echomsg 'debugging started'
1360 au User TermdebugStopPre echomsg 'debugging stopping'
1361 au User TermdebugStopPost echomsg 'debugging stopped'
1362<
1363 *TermdebugStartPre*
1364TermdebugStartPre Before starting debugging.
1365 Not triggered if the debugger is already
1366 running or |g:termdebugger| cannot be
1367 executed.
1368 *TermdebugStartPost*
1369TermdebugStartPost After debugging has initialized.
1370 If a "!" bang is passed to `:Termdebug` or
1371 `:TermdebugCommand` the event is triggered
1372 before running the provided command in gdb.
1373 *TermdebugStopPre*
1374TermdebugStopPre Before debugging ends, when gdb is terminated,
1375 most likely after issuing a "quit" command in
1376 the gdb window.
1377 *TermdebugStopPost*
1378TermdebugStopPost After debugging has ended, gdb-related windows
1379 are closed, debug buffers wiped out and
1380 the state before the debugging was restored.
1381
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001382
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001383Prompt mode ~
1384 *termdebug-prompt*
1385When the |+terminal| feature is not supported and on MS-Windows, gdb will run
1386in a buffer with 'buftype' set to "prompt". This works slightly differently:
1387- The gdb window will be in Insert mode while typing commands. Go to Normal
1388 mode with <Esc>, then you can move around in the buffer, copy/paste, etc.
1389 Go back to editing the gdb command with any command that starts Insert mode,
1390 such as `a` or `i`.
1391- The program being debugged will run in a separate window. On MS-Windows
1392 this is a new console window. On Unix, if the |+terminal| feature is
1393 available a Terminal window will be opened to run the debugged program in.
1394
1395 *termdebug_use_prompt*
1396Prompt mode can be used even when the |+terminal| feature is present with: >
1397 let g:termdebug_use_prompt = 1
Bram Moolenaar388a5d42020-05-26 21:20:45 +02001398<
1399 *termdebug_map_K*
1400The K key is normally mapped to :Evaluate. If you do not want this use: >
1401 let g:termdebug_map_K = 0
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001402
Bram Moolenaar82be4842021-01-11 19:40:15 +01001403<
1404 *termdebug_disasm_window*
1405If you want the Asm window shown by default, set this to 1. Setting to
1406any value greater than 1 will set the Asm window height to that value: >
1407 let g:termdebug_disasm_window = 15
1408<
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001409
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001410Communication ~
Bram Moolenaar7f2e9d72017-11-11 20:58:53 +01001411 *termdebug-communication*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001412There is another, hidden, buffer, which is used for Vim to communicate with
1413gdb. The buffer name is "gdb communication". Do not delete this buffer, it
1414will break the debugger.
1415
Bram Moolenaarde1a8312018-06-19 16:59:54 +02001416Gdb has some weird behavior, the plugin does its best to work around that.
1417For example, after typing "continue" in the gdb window a CTRL-C can be used to
1418interrupt the running program. But after using the MI command
1419"-exec-continue" pressing CTRL-C does not interrupt. Therefore you will see
1420"continue" being used for the `:Continue` command, instead of using the
1421communication channel.
1422
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001423
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001424Customizing ~
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001425
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001426GDB command *termdebug-customizing*
1427 *g:termdebugger*
1428To change the name of the gdb command, set the "g:termdebugger" variable before
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001429invoking `:Termdebug`: >
Bram Moolenaar6aa57292021-08-14 21:25:52 +02001430 let g:termdebugger = "mygdb"
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001431< *gdb-version*
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001432Only debuggers fully compatible with gdb will work. Vim uses the GDB/MI
Bram Moolenaar98ef2332018-03-18 14:44:37 +01001433interface. The "new-ui" command requires gdb version 7.12 or later. if you
1434get this error:
Bram Moolenaar01164a62017-11-02 22:58:42 +01001435 Undefined command: "new-ui". Try "help".~
1436Then your gdb is too old.
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001437
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001438
1439Colors *hl-debugPC* *hl-debugBreakpoint*
1440
Bram Moolenaare09ba7b2017-09-09 22:19:47 +02001441The color of the signs can be adjusted with these highlight groups:
1442- debugPC the current position
1443- debugBreakpoint a breakpoint
1444
1445The defaults are, when 'background' is "light":
1446 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=lightblue guibg=lightblue
1447 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red
1448
1449When 'background' is "dark":
1450 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=darkblue guibg=darkblue
1451 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red
Bram Moolenaarc572da52017-08-27 16:52:01 +02001452
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001453
Bram Moolenaar7dd64a32019-05-31 21:41:05 +02001454Shortcuts *termdebug_shortcuts*
Bram Moolenaarb3307b52018-06-17 21:34:11 +02001455
1456You can define your own shortcuts (mappings) to control gdb, that can work in
1457any window, using the TermDebugSendCommand() function. Example: >
1458 map ,w :call TermDebugSendCommand('where')<CR>
1459The argument is the gdb command.
1460
1461
Bram Moolenaar71137fe2018-03-03 20:47:21 +01001462Popup menu *termdebug_popup*
1463
1464By default the Termdebug plugin sets 'mousemodel' to "popup_setpos" and adds
1465these entries to the popup menu:
1466 Set breakpoint `:Break`
1467 Clear breakpoint `:Clear`
1468 Evaluate `:Evaluate`
1469If you don't want this then disable it with: >
1470 let g:termdebug_popup = 0
1471
1472
1473Vim window width *termdebug_wide*
1474
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001475To change the width of the Vim window when debugging starts and use a vertical
1476split: >
1477 let g:termdebug_wide = 163
Bram Moolenaar38baa3e2017-09-14 16:10:38 +02001478
Bram Moolenaar4466ad62020-11-21 13:16:30 +01001479This will set 'columns' to 163 when `:Termdebug` is used. The value is
1480restored when quitting the debugger.
1481
1482If g:termdebug_wide is set and 'columns' is already a greater value, then a
1483vertical split will be used without modifying 'columns'.
1484
1485Set g:termdebug_wide to 1 to use a vertical split without ever changing
1486'columns'. This is useful when the terminal can't be resized by Vim.
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001487
Bram Moolenaare4f25e42017-07-07 11:54:15 +02001488
Bram Moolenaar91f84f62018-07-29 15:07:52 +02001489 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: