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Bram Moolenaar662db672011-03-22 14:05:35 +01001*various.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2011 Mar 03
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +00002
3
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
5
6
7Various commands *various*
8
91. Various commands |various-cmds|
Bram Moolenaar91604412010-06-03 20:25:18 +0200102. Using Vim like less or more |less|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000011
12==============================================================================
131. Various commands *various-cmds*
14
15 *CTRL-L*
Bram Moolenaar30abd282005-06-22 22:35:10 +000016CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen
17 later, after processing typeahead.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000018
19 *:redr* *:redraw*
20:redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is
21 cleared first.
22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script
23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and
24 'lazyredraw' is set.
25
26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus*
27:redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When !
28 is included all status lines are redrawn.
29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline'
30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic
31 updating.
32
33 *N<Del>*
34<Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit.
35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this
36 mapping to your .vimrc: >
37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del>
38< See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you
39 want.
40
41:as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii*
42ga Print the ascii value of the character under the
43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For
44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R':
45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~
46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character,
47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the
48 non-printable version is also given. When the
49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also
50 printed. For example:
51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~
52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~
53 (where <p> is a special character)
54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as
55 <NL>, but it will be shown as:
56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~
Bram Moolenaar362e1a32006-03-06 23:29:24 +000057 If the character has composing characters these are
58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000059 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi}
60
61 *g8*
62g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the
63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8|
Bram Moolenaar362e1a32006-03-06 23:29:24 +000064 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The
65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter.
66 Example of a character with two composing characters:
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000067 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~
Bram Moolenaarca003e12006-03-17 23:19:38 +000068 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte|
69 feature}
70
71 *8g8*
728g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the
73 cursor. This works in two situations:
74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding
75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is
76 any 8-bit encoding
77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was
78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit
79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes.
80 Does not wrap around the end of the file.
81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the
82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command
83 won't move the cursor.
84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte|
85 feature}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000086
Bram Moolenaar551dbcc2006-04-25 22:13:59 +000087 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000088:[range]p[rint] [flags]
89 Print [range] lines (default current line).
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000090 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000091 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the
92 File.Print menu entry.
93 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000094
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000095:[range]p[rint] {count} [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000096 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default
97 current line |cmdline-ranges|).
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +000098 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +000099
100 *:P* *:Print*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000101:[range]P[rint] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for
103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long...
Bram Moolenaar166af9b2010-11-16 20:34:40 +0100104 Note: A user command can overrule this command.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000105 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000106
107 *:l* *:list*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000108:[range]l[ist] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000109 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters
Bram Moolenaarf9d5ca12010-08-01 16:13:51 +0200110 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be
Bram Moolenaard58e9292011-02-09 17:07:58 +0100111 further changed with the 'listchars' option.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000112 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000113
114 *:nu* *:number*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000115:[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags]
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000116 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line
Bram Moolenaarfaa959a2006-02-20 21:37:40 +0000117 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth'
118 option).
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000119 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000120
121 *:#*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000122:[range]# [count] [flags]
123 synonym for :number.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000124
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000125 *:#!*
126:#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: >
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000127 #!vim -S
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000128 echo "this is a Vim script"
129 quit
130<
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000131 *:z* *E144*
132:{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line
133 specified with {range}, or around the current line
134 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's
Bram Moolenaar4399ef42005-02-12 14:29:27 +0000135 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window
Bram Moolenaar662db672011-03-22 14:05:35 +0100136 then twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used,
137 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000138
139 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of
140 several punctuation marks. These have the following
141 effect:
142
Bram Moolenaar662db672011-03-22 14:05:35 +0100143 mark first line last line new cursor line ~
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000144 ---- ---------- --------- ------------
145 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward
146 - 1 scr back current line current line
147 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back
Bram Moolenaar2a8d1f82005-02-05 21:43:56 +0000148 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd
149 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000150
151 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+".
152 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed
153 around the current line.
154
155:{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#*
156 Like ":z", but number the lines.
157 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments}
158
159 *:=*
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000160:= [flags] Print the last line number.
161 See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000162
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000163:{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example,
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000164 this prints the current line number: >
165 :.=
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000166< See |ex-flags| for [flags].
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000167
168:norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal*
169 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes
170 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on
Bram Moolenaar4a748032010-09-30 21:47:56 +0200171 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they
172 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together.
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000173 Execution stops when an error is encountered.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000174 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used.
175 {commands} should be a complete command. If
176 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one
177 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed.
178 The display isn't updated while ":normal" is busy.
179 This implies that an insert command must be completed
180 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":"
Bram Moolenaar7c626922005-02-07 22:01:03 +0000181 command must be completed as well. And you can't use
182 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode.
Bram Moolenaar8f3f58f2010-01-06 20:52:26 +0100183 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of
184 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000185 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}.
186 This command cannot be followed by another command,
187 since any '|' is considered part of the command.
188 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is
189 limited by 'maxmapdepth'.
190 When this command is called from a non-remappable
191 mapping |:noremap|, the argument can be mapped anyway.
192 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an
193 expression as argument. This allows the use of
Bram Moolenaar46f9d492010-06-12 20:18:19 +0200194 printable characters to represent special characters.
195 Example: >
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000196 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>"
197< {not in Vi, of course}
198 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was
199 disabled at compile time}
200
201:{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range*
202 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line
203 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the
204 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range,
205 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the
206 ":normal" command without a range.
207 {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaardb84e452010-08-15 13:50:43 +0200208 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled
209 at compile time}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000210
211 *:sh* *:shell* *E371*
212:sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits
213 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The
214 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option.
215 *E360*
216 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was
217 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the
218 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive
219 mode.
220
221 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34*
222:!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell'
223 and 'shelltype' option.
224 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous
225 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when
226 there is a backslash before the '!', then that
227 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by
228 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!".
229 After the command has been executed, the timestamp of
230 the current file is checked |timestamp|.
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000231 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use
232 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000233 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is
234 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if
235 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed
236 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many
237 backslashes are before the newline, only one is
238 removed.
239 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive
240 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used
241 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic".
242 For Win32 also see |:!start|.
243 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished,
244 because it may have printed any text. This requires a
245 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages.
246 To avoid this use: >
247 :silent !{cmd}
248< The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use
249 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display
250 something.
251 Also see |shell-window|.
252
253 *:!!*
254:!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}".
255
256 *:ve* *:version*
257:ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the
258 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation
259 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is
260 shown.
261 The following lines contain information about which
262 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When
263 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included,
264 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this,
265 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim.
266 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|.
267 Here is an overview of the features.
268 The first column shows the smallest version in which
269 they are included:
270 T tiny
271 S small
272 N normal
273 B big
274 H huge
275 m manually enabled or depends on other features
276 (none) system dependent
277 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included
278 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim.
279
280 *+feature-list*
281 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included
282B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support
283N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands
Bram Moolenaar4d34b432005-03-07 23:22:00 +0000284m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with
285 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either
286 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000287N *+browse* |:browse| command
288N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms|
289B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms|
290N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go"
291 and ":goto" commands.
292N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting
293N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver|
294 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support
295N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion|
296N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history|
297N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'|
298N *+comments* |'comments'| support
Bram Moolenaarca8c9862010-07-24 15:00:38 +0200299B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000300N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption|
301B *+cscope* |cscope| support
Bram Moolenaar860cae12010-06-05 23:22:07 +0200302m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support
Bram Moolenaarac6e65f2005-08-29 22:25:38 +0000303m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support
304m *+debug* Compiled for debugging.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000305N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog.
306N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog.
307N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog.
308N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff'
309N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196*
310 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|.
311B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files
312N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt|
313N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|,
314 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right|
315N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options.
316B *+farsi* |farsi| language
317N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>|
318N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|,
319 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc.
320N *+folding* |folding|
321 *+footer* |gui-footer|
322 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000323 *+float* Floating point support
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000324N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang|
325 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI|
326 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000327 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI|
328 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI|
329 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI|
330m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000331 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function
332 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000333N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion
334N *+jumplist* |jumplist|
335B *+keymap* |'keymap'|
336B *+langmap* |'langmap'|
337N *+libcall* |libcall()|
338N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'|
339N *+lispindent* |'lisp'|
340N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden|
341 and argument list |:argdelete|
342N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local|
Bram Moolenaar0ba04292010-07-14 23:23:17 +0200343m *+lua* |Lua| interface
344m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000345N *+menu* |:menu|
346N *+mksession* |:mksession|
347N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers|
348N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using|
349N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'|
350B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse|
351N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse|
352B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse|
353N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal|
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000354N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000355N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse|
Bram Moolenaar8f3f58f2010-01-06 20:52:26 +0100356B *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000357 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime|
358N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang|
Bram Moolenaar325b7a22004-07-05 15:58:32 +0000359m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme|
Bram Moolenaar4770d092006-01-12 23:22:24 +0000360m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000361m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans|
362m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface|
363 *+osfiletype* Support for the 'osfiletype' option and filetype
364 checking in automatic commands. |autocmd-osfiletypes|
365N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags'
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000366m *+perl* Perl interface |perl|
367m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar7fc0c062010-08-10 21:43:35 +0200368N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000369 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file
370N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command
Bram Moolenaar19a09a12005-03-04 23:39:37 +0000371H *+profile* |:profile| command
Bram Moolenaar60aad972010-07-21 20:36:22 +0200372m *+python* Python 2 interface |python|
373m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn|
374m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python|
375m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000376N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000377N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout,
378 'redrawtime' option
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000379B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000380m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby|
381m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000382N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'|
383B *+signs* |:sign|
384N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'|
385m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff|
Bram Moolenaaref94eec2009-11-11 13:22:11 +0000386N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000387N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special
388 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring'
389m *+sun_workshop* |workshop|
390N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax|
391 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork|
392N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search|
393N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static|
394m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white|
Bram Moolenaara5792f52005-11-23 21:25:05 +0000395m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl|
396m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn|
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000397 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap
398N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse|
399N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection
400 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000401N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon'
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000402N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar|
403N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands|
404N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'|
405N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit|
406N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'|
407S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode|
408N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators|
409N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr|
410N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'|
411N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'|
412S *+windows* more than one window
413m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on
414m *+xim* X input method |xim|
415 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset|
416 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support
417 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support
418N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling
419m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens|
420N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11|
421
422 */dyn* *E370* *E448*
423 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the
424 feature is only available when the related library can
425 be dynamically loaded.
426
427:ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the
428 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed,
429 because you can now use the ":if" command for
430 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi}
431
432 *:redi* *:redir*
433:redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which
434 are the output of commands are written to that file,
435 until redirection ends. The messages are also still
436 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an
437 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted,
438 and {file} exists, this command fails.
439 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to
440 ":redir" will close any active redirection before
441 starting redirection to the new target.
442 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to
443 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it
444 with ":silent call Function()".
Bram Moolenaar54ee7752005-05-31 22:22:17 +0000445 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option,
446 this can be used in combination with ":redir".
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000447 {not in Vi}
448
449:redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file}
450 already exists. {not in Vi}
451
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000452:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}
Bram Moolenaar6c0b44b2005-06-01 21:56:33 +0000453:redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000454 contents of the register if its name is given
Bram Moolenaar8c8de832008-06-24 22:58:06 +0000455 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is
456 optional. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar34cdc3e2005-05-18 22:24:46 +0000457:redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000458
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000459:redi[r] @*>
460:redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For
461 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register
462 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|.
463 {not in Vi}
464:redi[r] @*>>
465:redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard.
466 {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000467
Bram Moolenaar6c0b44b2005-06-01 21:56:33 +0000468:redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For
469 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register
470 name can be omitted. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar34cdc3e2005-05-18 22:24:46 +0000471:redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000472
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000473:redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable
474 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable
475 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string.
Bram Moolenaarc81e5e72007-05-05 18:24:42 +0000476 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends.
Bram Moolenaar5313dcb2005-02-22 08:56:13 +0000477 Only string variables can be used. After the
478 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or
479 locked or the variable type is changed, then further
480 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi}
481
482:redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string
483 variables can be used. {not in Vi}
484
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000485:redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi}
486
487 *:sil* *:silent*
488:sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not
489 be given or added to the message history.
490 When [!] is added, error messages will also be
491 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted
492 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set.
493 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause
494 further messages to be displayed normally.
495 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as
496 usual, although there might be small differences.
497 This will allow redirecting the output of a command
498 without seeing it on the screen. Example: >
499 :redir >/tmp/foobar
500 :silent g/Aap/p
501 :redir END
502< To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the
503 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a
504 string without messages: >
505 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>"
506< ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may
507 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: >
508 :let v:errmsg = ""
509 :silent! /^begin
510 :if v:errmsg != ""
511 : ... pattern was not found
512< ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When
513 using this for an external command, this may cause the
514 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up
515 then.
516 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a
517 Command-line command. The command will still produce
518 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself
519 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command".
520
Bram Moolenaar8e258a42009-07-09 13:55:43 +0000521 *:uns* *:unsilent*
522:uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a
523 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this
524 command.
525 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was
526 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the
527 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be
528 able to list the first line of each file. >
529 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1)
530<
531
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000532 *:verb* *:verbose*
533:[count]verb[ose] {command}
534 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If
Bram Moolenaared203462004-06-16 11:19:22 +0000535 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be
536 used to set 'verbose' to zero.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000537 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages
538 generated but not displayed.
539 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be
540 used to generate messages and check them with
541 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: >
542 :let v:statusmsg = ""
543 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim
544 :if v:statusmsg != ""
545 : " foobar.vim could not be found
546 :endif
547< When concatenating another command, the ":verbose"
548 only applies to the first one: >
549 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose
550< verbose=4 ~
551 verbose=0 ~
Bram Moolenaar54ee7752005-05-31 22:22:17 +0000552 For logging verbose messages in a file use the
553 'verbosefile' option.
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000554
Bram Moolenaar8aff23a2005-08-19 20:40:30 +0000555 *:verbose-cmd*
556When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or
Bram Moolenaare344bea2005-09-01 20:46:49 +0000557an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group
558or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was
559defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was
560defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in
561which it was defined is reported.
Bram Moolenaardb84e452010-08-15 13:50:43 +0200562{not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature}
Bram Moolenaar8aff23a2005-08-19 20:40:30 +0000563
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000564 *K*
565K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the
566 cursor. The name of the program is given with the
567 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The
568 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the
569 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or
570 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done
571 with the command >
572 :!{program} {keyword}
573< There is an example of a program to use in the tools
574 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a
575 simple spelling check.
576 Special cases:
577 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is
578 used. It's a good idea to include more characters
579 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help.
580 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before
581 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before
582 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the
583 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: >
584 !man 2 mkdir
585< - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count
586 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is
587 no count, the "-s" is removed.
588 {not in Vi}
589
590 *v_K*
591{Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for
592 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is
593 not more than one line. {not in Vi}
594
595[N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep*
596:[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included,
Bram Moolenaar13fcaaf2005-04-15 21:13:42 +0000597 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000598 uses seconds. The default is one second. >
599 :sleep "sleep for one second
600 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds
601 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds
602 10gs "sleep for ten seconds
603< Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS).
Bram Moolenaar677ee682005-01-27 14:41:15 +0000604 "gs" stands for "goto sleep".
605 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text,
606 if at a visible position. {not in Vi}
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000607
608 *g_CTRL-A*
609g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined
610 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics.
611 Only useful for debugging Vim.
612
613==============================================================================
Bram Moolenaar24ea3ba2010-09-19 19:01:21 +02006142. Using Vim like less or more *less*
Bram Moolenaar071d4272004-06-13 20:20:40 +0000615
616If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax
617highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by
618using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh".
619
620This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets
621up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can
622still use the Vim commands.
623
624This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use
625the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax
626highlighting.
627
628The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands.
629
630 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: