diff --git a/runtime/autoload/rustfmt.vim b/runtime/autoload/rustfmt.vim
index a689b5e..652e6af 100644
--- a/runtime/autoload/rustfmt.vim
+++ b/runtime/autoload/rustfmt.vim
@@ -1,107 +1,261 @@
 " Author: Stephen Sugden <stephen@stephensugden.com>
+" Last Modified: 2023-09-11
 "
 " Adapted from https://github.com/fatih/vim-go
 " For bugs, patches and license go to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust.vim
 
 if !exists("g:rustfmt_autosave")
-	let g:rustfmt_autosave = 0
+    let g:rustfmt_autosave = 0
 endif
 
 if !exists("g:rustfmt_command")
-	let g:rustfmt_command = "rustfmt"
+    let g:rustfmt_command = "rustfmt"
 endif
 
 if !exists("g:rustfmt_options")
-	let g:rustfmt_options = ""
+    let g:rustfmt_options = ""
 endif
 
 if !exists("g:rustfmt_fail_silently")
-	let g:rustfmt_fail_silently = 0
+    let g:rustfmt_fail_silently = 0
+endif
+
+function! rustfmt#DetectVersion()
+    " Save rustfmt '--help' for feature inspection
+    silent let s:rustfmt_help = system(g:rustfmt_command . " --help")
+    let s:rustfmt_unstable_features = s:rustfmt_help =~# "--unstable-features"
+
+    " Build a comparable rustfmt version varible out of its `--version` output:
+    silent let l:rustfmt_version_full = system(g:rustfmt_command . " --version")
+    let l:rustfmt_version_list = matchlist(l:rustfmt_version_full,
+        \    '\vrustfmt ([0-9]+[.][0-9]+[.][0-9]+)')
+    if len(l:rustfmt_version_list) < 3
+        let s:rustfmt_version = "0"
+    else
+        let s:rustfmt_version = l:rustfmt_version_list[1]
+    endif
+    return s:rustfmt_version
+endfunction
+
+call rustfmt#DetectVersion()
+
+if !exists("g:rustfmt_emit_files")
+    let g:rustfmt_emit_files = s:rustfmt_version >= "0.8.2"
+endif
+
+if !exists("g:rustfmt_file_lines")
+    let g:rustfmt_file_lines = s:rustfmt_help =~# "--file-lines JSON"
 endif
 
 let s:got_fmt_error = 0
 
+function! rustfmt#Load()
+    " Utility call to get this script loaded, for debugging
+endfunction
+
+function! s:RustfmtWriteMode()
+    if g:rustfmt_emit_files
+        return "--emit=files"
+    else
+        return "--write-mode=overwrite"
+    endif
+endfunction
+
+function! s:RustfmtConfigOptions()
+    let l:rustfmt_toml = findfile('rustfmt.toml', expand('%:p:h') . ';')
+    if l:rustfmt_toml !=# ''
+        return '--config-path '.shellescape(fnamemodify(l:rustfmt_toml, ":p"))
+    endif
+
+    let l:_rustfmt_toml = findfile('.rustfmt.toml', expand('%:p:h') . ';')
+    if l:_rustfmt_toml !=# ''
+        return '--config-path '.shellescape(fnamemodify(l:_rustfmt_toml, ":p"))
+    endif
+
+    " Default to edition 2018 in case no rustfmt.toml was found.
+    return '--edition 2018'
+endfunction
+
 function! s:RustfmtCommandRange(filename, line1, line2)
-	let l:arg = {"file": shellescape(a:filename), "range": [a:line1, a:line2]}
-	return printf("%s %s --write-mode=overwrite --file-lines '[%s]'", g:rustfmt_command, g:rustfmt_options, json_encode(l:arg))
+    if g:rustfmt_file_lines == 0
+        echo "--file-lines is not supported in the installed `rustfmt` executable"
+        return
+    endif
+
+    let l:arg = {"file": shellescape(a:filename), "range": [a:line1, a:line2]}
+    let l:write_mode = s:RustfmtWriteMode()
+    let l:rustfmt_config = s:RustfmtConfigOptions()
+
+    " FIXME: When --file-lines gets to be stable, add version range checking
+    " accordingly.
+    let l:unstable_features = s:rustfmt_unstable_features ? '--unstable-features' : ''
+
+    let l:cmd = printf("%s %s %s %s %s --file-lines '[%s]' %s", g:rustfmt_command,
+                \ l:write_mode, g:rustfmt_options,
+                \ l:unstable_features, l:rustfmt_config,
+                \ json_encode(l:arg), shellescape(a:filename))
+    return l:cmd
 endfunction
 
-function! s:RustfmtCommand(filename)
-	return g:rustfmt_command . " --write-mode=overwrite " . g:rustfmt_options . " " . shellescape(a:filename)
+function! s:RustfmtCommand()
+    let write_mode = g:rustfmt_emit_files ? '--emit=stdout' : '--write-mode=display'
+    let config = s:RustfmtConfigOptions()
+    return join([g:rustfmt_command, write_mode, config, g:rustfmt_options])
 endfunction
 
-function! s:RunRustfmt(command, curw, tmpname)
-	if exists("*systemlist")
-		let out = systemlist(a:command)
-	else
-		let out = split(system(a:command), '\r\?\n')
-	endif
+function! s:DeleteLines(start, end) abort
+    silent! execute a:start . ',' . a:end . 'delete _'
+endfunction
 
-	if v:shell_error == 0 || v:shell_error == 3
-		" remove undo point caused via BufWritePre
-		try | silent undojoin | catch | endtry
+function! s:RunRustfmt(command, tmpname, from_writepre)
+    let l:view = winsaveview()
 
-		" Replace current file with temp file, then reload buffer
-		call rename(a:tmpname, expand('%'))
-		silent edit!
-		let &syntax = &syntax
+    let l:stderr_tmpname = tempname()
+    call writefile([], l:stderr_tmpname)
 
-		" only clear location list if it was previously filled to prevent
-		" clobbering other additions
-		if s:got_fmt_error
-			let s:got_fmt_error = 0
-			call setloclist(0, [])
-			lwindow
-		endif
-	elseif g:rustfmt_fail_silently == 0
-		" otherwise get the errors and put them in the location list
-		let errors = []
+    let l:command = a:command . ' 2> ' . l:stderr_tmpname
 
-		for line in out
-			" src/lib.rs:13:5: 13:10 error: expected `,`, or `}`, found `value`
-			let tokens = matchlist(line, '^\(.\{-}\):\(\d\+\):\(\d\+\):\s*\(\d\+:\d\+\s*\)\?\s*error: \(.*\)')
-			if !empty(tokens)
-				call add(errors, {"filename": @%,
-						 \"lnum":     tokens[2],
-						 \"col":      tokens[3],
-						 \"text":     tokens[5]})
-			endif
-		endfor
+    if a:tmpname ==# ''
+        " Rustfmt in stdin/stdout mode
 
-		if empty(errors)
-			% | " Couldn't detect rustfmt error format, output errors
-		endif
+        " chdir to the directory of the file
+        let l:has_lcd = haslocaldir()
+        let l:prev_cd = getcwd()
+        execute 'lchdir! '.expand('%:h')
 
-		if !empty(errors)
-			call setloclist(0, errors, 'r')
-			echohl Error | echomsg "rustfmt returned error" | echohl None
-		endif
+        let l:buffer = getline(1, '$')
+        if exists("*systemlist")
+            silent let out = systemlist(l:command, l:buffer)
+        else
+            silent let out = split(system(l:command,
+                        \ join(l:buffer, "\n")), '\r\?\n')
+        endif
+    else
+        if exists("*systemlist")
+            silent let out = systemlist(l:command)
+        else
+            silent let out = split(system(l:command), '\r\?\n')
+        endif
+    endif
 
-		let s:got_fmt_error = 1
-		lwindow
-		" We didn't use the temp file, so clean up
-		call delete(a:tmpname)
-	endif
+    let l:stderr = readfile(l:stderr_tmpname)
 
-	call winrestview(a:curw)
+    call delete(l:stderr_tmpname)
+
+    let l:open_lwindow = 0
+    if v:shell_error == 0
+        if a:from_writepre
+            " remove undo point caused via BufWritePre
+            try | silent undojoin | catch | endtry
+        endif
+
+        if a:tmpname ==# ''
+            let l:content = l:out
+        else
+            " take the tmpfile's content, this is better than rename
+            " because it preserves file modes.
+            let l:content = readfile(a:tmpname)
+        endif
+
+        call s:DeleteLines(len(l:content), line('$'))
+        call setline(1, l:content)
+
+        " only clear location list if it was previously filled to prevent
+        " clobbering other additions
+        if s:got_fmt_error
+            let s:got_fmt_error = 0
+            call setloclist(0, [])
+            let l:open_lwindow = 1
+        endif
+    elseif g:rustfmt_fail_silently == 0 && !a:from_writepre
+        " otherwise get the errors and put them in the location list
+        let l:errors = []
+
+        let l:prev_line = ""
+        for l:line in l:stderr
+            " error: expected one of `;` or `as`, found `extern`
+            "  --> src/main.rs:2:1
+            let tokens = matchlist(l:line, '^\s\+-->\s\(.\{-}\):\(\d\+\):\(\d\+\)$')
+            if !empty(tokens)
+                call add(l:errors, {"filename": @%,
+                            \"lnum":	tokens[2],
+                            \"col":	tokens[3],
+                            \"text":	l:prev_line})
+            endif
+            let l:prev_line = l:line
+        endfor
+
+        if !empty(l:errors)
+            call setloclist(0, l:errors, 'r')
+            echohl Error | echomsg "rustfmt returned error" | echohl None
+        else
+            echo "rust.vim: was not able to parse rustfmt messages. Here is the raw output:"
+            echo "\n"
+            for l:line in l:stderr
+                echo l:line
+            endfor
+        endif
+
+        let s:got_fmt_error = 1
+        let l:open_lwindow = 1
+    endif
+
+    " Restore the current directory if needed
+    if a:tmpname ==# ''
+        if l:has_lcd
+            execute 'lchdir! '.l:prev_cd
+        else
+            execute 'chdir! '.l:prev_cd
+        endif
+    endif
+
+    " Open lwindow after we have changed back to the previous directory
+    if l:open_lwindow == 1
+        lwindow
+    endif
+
+    call winrestview(l:view)
 endfunction
 
 function! rustfmt#FormatRange(line1, line2)
-	let l:curw = winsaveview()
-	let l:tmpname = expand("%:p:h") . "/." . expand("%:p:t") . ".rustfmt"
-	call writefile(getline(1, '$'), l:tmpname)
-
-	let command = s:RustfmtCommandRange(l:tmpname, a:line1, a:line2)
-
-	call s:RunRustfmt(command, l:curw, l:tmpname)
+    let l:tmpname = tempname()
+    call writefile(getline(1, '$'), l:tmpname)
+    let command = s:RustfmtCommandRange(l:tmpname, a:line1, a:line2)
+    call s:RunRustfmt(command, l:tmpname, v:false)
+    call delete(l:tmpname)
 endfunction
 
 function! rustfmt#Format()
-	let l:curw = winsaveview()
-	let l:tmpname = expand("%:p:h") . "/." . expand("%:p:t") . ".rustfmt"
-	call writefile(getline(1, '$'), l:tmpname)
-
-	let command = s:RustfmtCommand(l:tmpname)
-
-	call s:RunRustfmt(command, l:curw, l:tmpname)
+    call s:RunRustfmt(s:RustfmtCommand(), '', v:false)
 endfunction
+
+function! rustfmt#Cmd()
+    " Mainly for debugging
+    return s:RustfmtCommand()
+endfunction
+
+function! rustfmt#PreWrite()
+    if !filereadable(expand("%@"))
+        return
+    endif
+    if rust#GetConfigVar('rustfmt_autosave_if_config_present', 0)
+        if findfile('rustfmt.toml', '.;') !=# '' || findfile('.rustfmt.toml', '.;') !=# ''
+            let b:rustfmt_autosave = 1
+            let b:_rustfmt_autosave_because_of_config = 1
+        endif
+    else
+        if has_key(b:, '_rustfmt_autosave_because_of_config')
+            unlet b:_rustfmt_autosave_because_of_config
+            unlet b:rustfmt_autosave
+        endif
+    endif
+
+    if !rust#GetConfigVar("rustfmt_autosave", 0)
+        return
+    endif
+
+    call s:RunRustfmt(s:RustfmtCommand(), '', v:true)
+endfunction
+
+
+" vim: set et sw=4 sts=4 ts=8: