diff --git a/src/Makefile b/src/Makefile
index be2f31b..e15df1b 100644
--- a/src/Makefile
+++ b/src/Makefile
@@ -2114,6 +2114,7 @@
 	test_signs \
 	test_sort \
 	test_startup \
+	test_startup_utf8 \
 	test_stat \
 	test_statusline \
 	test_syn_attr \
diff --git a/src/buffer.c b/src/buffer.c
index 60fb67a..2a09a63 100644
--- a/src/buffer.c
+++ b/src/buffer.c
@@ -70,6 +70,64 @@
 /* Number of times free_buffer() was called. */
 static int	buf_free_count = 0;
 
+/* Read data from buffer for retrying. */
+    static int
+read_buffer(
+    int		read_stdin,	    /* read file from stdin, otherwise fifo */
+    exarg_T	*eap,		    /* for forced 'ff' and 'fenc' or NULL */
+    int		flags)		    /* extra flags for readfile() */
+{
+    int		retval = OK;
+    linenr_T	line_count;
+
+    /*
+     * Read from the buffer which the text is already filled in and append at
+     * the end.  This makes it possible to retry when 'fileformat' or
+     * 'fileencoding' was guessed wrong.
+     */
+    line_count = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
+    retval = readfile(
+	    read_stdin ? NULL : curbuf->b_ffname,
+	    read_stdin ? NULL : curbuf->b_fname,
+	    (linenr_T)line_count, (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, eap,
+	    flags | READ_BUFFER);
+    if (retval == OK)
+    {
+	/* Delete the binary lines. */
+	while (--line_count >= 0)
+	    ml_delete((linenr_T)1, FALSE);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	/* Delete the converted lines. */
+	while (curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count > line_count)
+	    ml_delete(line_count, FALSE);
+    }
+    /* Put the cursor on the first line. */
+    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = 1;
+    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
+
+    if (read_stdin)
+    {
+	/* Set or reset 'modified' before executing autocommands, so that
+	 * it can be changed there. */
+	if (!readonlymode && !bufempty())
+	    changed();
+	else if (retval != FAIL)
+	    unchanged(curbuf, FALSE);
+
+#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
+# ifdef FEAT_EVAL
+	apply_autocmds_retval(EVENT_STDINREADPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE,
+							curbuf, &retval);
+# else
+	apply_autocmds(EVENT_STDINREADPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
+# endif
+#endif
+    }
+    return retval;
+}
+
 /*
  * Open current buffer, that is: open the memfile and read the file into
  * memory.
@@ -88,6 +146,7 @@
 #ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
     long	old_tw = curbuf->b_p_tw;
 #endif
+    int		read_fifo = FALSE;
 
     /*
      * The 'readonly' flag is only set when BF_NEVERLOADED is being reset.
@@ -143,17 +202,42 @@
        )
     {
 	int old_msg_silent = msg_silent;
-
+#ifdef UNIX
+	int save_bin = curbuf->b_p_bin;
+	int perm;
+#endif
 #ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
 	int oldFire = netbeansFireChanges;
 
 	netbeansFireChanges = 0;
 #endif
+#ifdef UNIX
+	perm = mch_getperm(curbuf->b_ffname);
+	if (perm >= 0 && (0
+# ifdef S_ISFIFO
+		      || S_ISFIFO(perm)
+# endif
+# ifdef S_ISSOCK
+		      || S_ISSOCK(perm)
+# endif
+		    ))
+		read_fifo = TRUE;
+	if (read_fifo)
+	    curbuf->b_p_bin = TRUE;
+#endif
 	if (shortmess(SHM_FILEINFO))
 	    msg_silent = 1;
 	retval = readfile(curbuf->b_ffname, curbuf->b_fname,
 		  (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, eap,
-		  flags | READ_NEW);
+		  flags | READ_NEW | (read_fifo ? READ_FIFO : 0));
+#ifdef UNIX
+	if (read_fifo)
+	{
+	    curbuf->b_p_bin = save_bin;
+	    if (retval == OK)
+		retval = read_buffer(FALSE, eap, flags);
+	}
+#endif
 	msg_silent = old_msg_silent;
 #ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
 	netbeansFireChanges = oldFire;
@@ -164,8 +248,7 @@
     }
     else if (read_stdin)
     {
-	int		save_bin = curbuf->b_p_bin;
-	linenr_T	line_count;
+	int	save_bin = curbuf->b_p_bin;
 
 	/*
 	 * First read the text in binary mode into the buffer.
@@ -179,42 +262,7 @@
 		  flags | (READ_NEW + READ_STDIN));
 	curbuf->b_p_bin = save_bin;
 	if (retval == OK)
-	{
-	    line_count = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
-	    retval = readfile(NULL, NULL, (linenr_T)line_count,
-			    (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, eap,
-			    flags | READ_BUFFER);
-	    if (retval == OK)
-	    {
-		/* Delete the binary lines. */
-		while (--line_count >= 0)
-		    ml_delete((linenr_T)1, FALSE);
-	    }
-	    else
-	    {
-		/* Delete the converted lines. */
-		while (curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count > line_count)
-		    ml_delete(line_count, FALSE);
-	    }
-	    /* Put the cursor on the first line. */
-	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = 1;
-	    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
-
-	    /* Set or reset 'modified' before executing autocommands, so that
-	     * it can be changed there. */
-	    if (!readonlymode && !bufempty())
-		changed();
-	    else if (retval != FAIL)
-		unchanged(curbuf, FALSE);
-#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
-# ifdef FEAT_EVAL
-	    apply_autocmds_retval(EVENT_STDINREADPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE,
-							curbuf, &retval);
-# else
-	    apply_autocmds(EVENT_STDINREADPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
-# endif
-#endif
-	}
+	    retval = read_buffer(TRUE, eap, flags);
     }
 
     /* if first time loading this buffer, init b_chartab[] */
@@ -243,7 +291,7 @@
 #endif
        )
 	changed();
-    else if (retval != FAIL && !read_stdin)
+    else if (retval != FAIL && !read_stdin && !read_fifo)
 	unchanged(curbuf, FALSE);
     save_file_ff(curbuf);		/* keep this fileformat */
 
diff --git a/src/fileio.c b/src/fileio.c
index 042bbec..3c3d548 100644
--- a/src/fileio.c
+++ b/src/fileio.c
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@
  *		stdin)
  * READ_DUMMY	read into a dummy buffer (to check if file contents changed)
  * READ_KEEP_UNDO  don't clear undo info or read it from a file
+ * READ_FIFO	read from fifo/socket instead of a file
  *
  * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
  */
@@ -231,6 +232,7 @@
     int		filtering = (flags & READ_FILTER);
     int		read_stdin = (flags & READ_STDIN);
     int		read_buffer = (flags & READ_BUFFER);
+    int		read_fifo = (flags & READ_FIFO);
     int		set_options = newfile || read_buffer
 					   || (eap != NULL && eap->read_edit);
     linenr_T	read_buf_lnum = 1;	/* next line to read from curbuf */
@@ -431,7 +433,7 @@
 	}
     }
 
-    if (!read_stdin && !read_buffer)
+    if (!read_stdin && !read_buffer && !read_fifo)
     {
 #ifdef UNIX
 	/*
@@ -489,7 +491,7 @@
     if (check_readonly && !readonlymode)
 	curbuf->b_p_ro = FALSE;
 
-    if (newfile && !read_stdin && !read_buffer)
+    if (newfile && !read_stdin && !read_buffer && !read_fifo)
     {
 	/* Remember time of file. */
 	if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
@@ -1101,6 +1103,7 @@
 	 * and we can't do it internally or with iconv().
 	 */
 	if (fio_flags == 0 && !read_stdin && !read_buffer && *p_ccv != NUL
+						    && !read_fifo
 #  ifdef USE_ICONV
 						    && iconv_fd == (iconv_t)-1
 #  endif
@@ -1149,7 +1152,7 @@
     /* Set "can_retry" when it's possible to rewind the file and try with
      * another "fenc" value.  It's FALSE when no other "fenc" to try, reading
      * stdin or fixed at a specific encoding. */
-    can_retry = (*fenc != NUL && !read_stdin && !keep_dest_enc);
+    can_retry = (*fenc != NUL && !read_stdin && !read_fifo && !keep_dest_enc);
 #endif
 
     if (!skip_read)
@@ -1166,6 +1169,7 @@
 				  && curbuf->b_ffname != NULL
 				  && curbuf->b_p_udf
 				  && !filtering
+				  && !read_fifo
 				  && !read_stdin
 				  && !read_buffer);
 	if (read_undo_file)
@@ -2666,7 +2670,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
-    if (!read_stdin && !read_buffer)
+    if (!read_stdin && !read_fifo && (!read_buffer || sfname != NULL))
     {
 	int m = msg_scroll;
 	int n = msg_scrolled;
@@ -2685,7 +2689,7 @@
 	if (filtering)
 	    apply_autocmds_exarg(EVENT_FILTERREADPOST, NULL, sfname,
 							  FALSE, curbuf, eap);
-	else if (newfile)
+	else if (newfile || (read_buffer && sfname != NULL))
 	{
 	    apply_autocmds_exarg(EVENT_BUFREADPOST, NULL, sfname,
 							  FALSE, curbuf, eap);
diff --git a/src/testdir/Make_all.mak b/src/testdir/Make_all.mak
index 0ed91d7..0a5ee92 100644
--- a/src/testdir/Make_all.mak
+++ b/src/testdir/Make_all.mak
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@
 	    test_ruby.res \
 	    test_signs.res \
 	    test_startup.res \
+	    test_startup_utf8.res \
 	    test_stat.res \
 	    test_syntax.res \
 	    test_textobjects.res \
diff --git a/src/testdir/test_startup_utf8.vim b/src/testdir/test_startup_utf8.vim
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d179a4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/testdir/test_startup_utf8.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+" Tests for startup using utf-8.
+if !has('multi_byte')
+  finish
+endif
+
+source shared.vim
+
+func Test_read_stdin_utf8()
+  let linesin = ['テスト', '€ÀÈÌÒÙ']
+  call writefile(linesin, 'Xtestin')
+  let before = [
+	\ 'set enc=utf-8',
+	\ 'set fencs=cp932,utf-8',
+	\ ]
+  let after = [
+	\ 'write ++enc=utf-8 Xtestout',
+	\ 'quit!',
+	\ ]
+  if has('win32')
+    let pipecmd = 'type Xtestin | '
+  else
+    let pipecmd = 'cat Xtestin | '
+  endif
+  if RunVimPiped(before, after, '-', pipecmd)
+    let lines = readfile('Xtestout')
+    call assert_equal(linesin, lines)
+  else
+    call assert_equal('', 'RunVimPiped failed.')
+  endif
+  call delete('Xtestout')
+  call delete('Xtestin')
+endfunc
+
+func Test_read_fifo_utf8()
+  if !has('unix')
+    return
+  endif
+  " Using bash/zsh's process substitution.
+  if executable('bash')
+    set shell=bash
+  elseif executable('zsh')
+    set shell=zsh
+  else
+    return
+  endif
+  let linesin = ['テスト', '€ÀÈÌÒÙ']
+  call writefile(linesin, 'Xtestin')
+  let before = [
+	\ 'set enc=utf-8',
+	\ 'set fencs=cp932,utf-8',
+	\ ]
+  let after = [
+	\ 'write ++enc=utf-8 Xtestout',
+	\ 'quit!',
+	\ ]
+  if RunVim(before, after, '<(cat Xtestin)')
+    let lines = readfile('Xtestout')
+    call assert_equal(linesin, lines)
+  else
+    call assert_equal('', 'RunVim failed.')
+  endif
+  call delete('Xtestout')
+  call delete('Xtestin')
+endfunc
diff --git a/src/version.c b/src/version.c
index 4d4c16e..72ec382 100644
--- a/src/version.c
+++ b/src/version.c
@@ -764,6 +764,8 @@
 static int included_patches[] =
 {   /* Add new patch number below this line */
 /**/
+    2189,
+/**/
     2188,
 /**/
     2187,
diff --git a/src/vim.h b/src/vim.h
index 96cfc6c..8b51b09 100644
--- a/src/vim.h
+++ b/src/vim.h
@@ -980,7 +980,8 @@
 #define READ_STDIN	0x04	/* read from stdin */
 #define READ_BUFFER	0x08	/* read from curbuf (converting stdin) */
 #define READ_DUMMY	0x10	/* reading into a dummy buffer */
-#define READ_KEEP_UNDO	0x20	/* keep undo info*/
+#define READ_KEEP_UNDO	0x20	/* keep undo info */
+#define READ_FIFO	0x40	/* read from fifo or socket */
 
 /* Values for change_indent() */
 #define INDENT_SET	1	/* set indent */