diff --git a/runtime/syntax/sh.vim b/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
index 34b8ab7..2fe13fb 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 " Language:		shell (sh) Korn shell (ksh) bash (sh)
 " Maintainer:		Charles E. Campbell  <NdrOchipS@PcampbellAfamily.Mbiz>
 " Previous Maintainer:	Lennart Schultz <Lennart.Schultz@ecmwf.int>
-" Last Change:		Jul 29, 2016
-" Version:		155
+" Last Change:		Aug 23, 2016
+" Version:		161
 " URL:		http://www.drchip.org/astronaut/vim/index.html#SYNTAX_SH
 " For options and settings, please use:      :help ft-sh-syntax
 " This file includes many ideas from Eric Brunet (eric.brunet@ens.fr)
@@ -127,11 +127,11 @@
 if exists("b:is_kornshell")
  syn cluster ErrorList add=shDTestError
 endif
-syn cluster shArithParenList	contains=shArithmetic,shCaseEsac,shComment,shDeref,shDo,shDerefSimple,shEcho,shEscape,shNumber,shOperator,shPosnParm,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shRedir,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shStatement,shVariable,shAlias,shTest,shCtrlSeq,shSpecial,shParen,bashSpecialVariables,bashStatement,shIf,shFor
+syn cluster shArithParenList	contains=shArithmetic,shCaseEsac,shComment,shDeref,shDo,shDerefSimple,shEcho,shEscape,shNumber,shOperator,shPosnParm,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shHereString,shRedir,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shStatement,shVariable,shAlias,shTest,shCtrlSeq,shSpecial,shParen,bashSpecialVariables,bashStatement,shIf,shFor
 syn cluster shArithList	contains=@shArithParenList,shParenError
 syn cluster shCaseEsacList	contains=shCaseStart,shCase,shCaseBar,shCaseIn,shComment,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shCaseCommandSub,shCaseExSingleQuote,shCaseSingleQuote,shCaseDoubleQuote,shCtrlSeq,@shErrorList,shStringSpecial,shCaseRange
-syn cluster shCaseList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shHereDoc,shIf,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq
-syn cluster shCommandSubList	contains=shAlias,shArithmetic,shComment,shCmdParenRegion,shCtrlSeq,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDoubleQuote,shEcho,shEscape,shExDoubleQuote,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shHereDoc,shNumber,shOperator,shOption,shPosnParm,shSingleQuote,shSpecial,shStatement,shSubSh,shTest,shVariable
+syn cluster shCaseList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shHereDoc,shIf,shHereString,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq
+syn cluster shCommandSubList	contains=shAlias,shArithmetic,shComment,shCmdParenRegion,shCtrlSeq,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDoubleQuote,shEcho,shEscape,shExDoubleQuote,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shHereDoc,shNumber,shOperator,shOption,shPosnParm,shHereString,shRedir,shSingleQuote,shSpecial,shStatement,shSubSh,shTest,shVariable
 syn cluster shCurlyList	contains=shNumber,shComma,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefSpecial
 syn cluster shDblQuoteList	contains=shCommandSub,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shEscape,shPosnParm,shCtrlSeq,shSpecial
 syn cluster shDerefList	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefVar,shDerefSpecial,shDerefWordError,shDerefPSR,shDerefPPS
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
 syn cluster shEchoList	contains=shArithmetic,shCommandSub,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shEscape,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shCtrlSeq,shEchoQuote
 syn cluster shExprList1	contains=shCharClass,shNumber,shOperator,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shExpr,shDblBrace,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shCtrlSeq
 syn cluster shExprList2	contains=@shExprList1,@shCaseList,shTest
-syn cluster shFunctionList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shHereDoc,shIf,shOption,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shOperator,shCtrlSeq
+syn cluster shFunctionList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shHereDoc,shIf,shOption,shHereString,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shOperator,shCtrlSeq
 if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_bash")
  syn cluster shFunctionList	add=shRepeat
  syn cluster shFunctionList	add=shDblBrace,shDblParen
@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@
 syn cluster shHereBeginList	contains=@shCommandSubList
 syn cluster shHereList	contains=shBeginHere,shHerePayload
 syn cluster shHereListDQ	contains=shBeginHere,@shDblQuoteList,shHerePayload
-syn cluster shIdList	contains=shCommandSub,shWrapLineOperator,shSetOption,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shRedir,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shExpr,shCtrlSeq,shStringSpecial,shAtExpr
-syn cluster shIfList	contains=@shLoopList,shDblBrace,shDblParen,shFunctionKey,shFunctionOne,shFunctionTwo
+syn cluster shIdList	contains=shCommandSub,shWrapLineOperator,shSetOption,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shHereString,shRedir,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shExpr,shCtrlSeq,shStringSpecial,shAtExpr
+syn cluster shIfList	contains=@shLoopList,shDblBrace,shDblParen,shFunctionKey,shFunctionOne,shFunctionTwo,shParen
 syn cluster shLoopList	contains=@shCaseList,@shErrorList,shCaseEsac,shConditional,shDblBrace,shExpr,shFor,shForPP,shIf,shOption,shSet,shTest,shTestOpr,shTouch
 syn cluster shPPSRightList	contains=shComment,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shEscape,shPosnParm
-syn cluster shSubShList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shIf,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq,shOperator
+syn cluster shSubShList	contains=@shCommandSubList,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shIf,shHereString,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq,shOperator
 syn cluster shTestList	contains=shCharClass,shCommandSub,shCtrlSeq,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDoubleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shNumber,shOperator,shSingleQuote,shTest,shTestOpr
 
 " Echo: {{{1
@@ -216,8 +216,8 @@
 
 " Subshells: {{{1
 " ==========
-syn region shExpr  transparent matchgroup=shExprRegion  start="{" end="}"		contains=@shExprList2 nextgroup=shMoreSpecial
-syn region shSubSh transparent matchgroup=shSubShRegion start="[^(]\zs(" end=")"	contains=@shSubShList nextgroup=shMoreSpecial
+syn region shExpr  transparent matchgroup=shExprRegion  start="{" end="}"		contains=@shExprList2 nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
+syn region shSubSh transparent matchgroup=shSubShRegion start="[^(]\zs(" end=")"	contains=@shSubShList nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
 
 " Tests: {{{1
 "=======
@@ -339,8 +339,8 @@
  syn match   shSpecial	"^\(\\\\\)*\zs\\\o\o\o\|\\x\x\x\|\\c[^"]\|\\[abefnrtv]"	contained
 endif
 if exists("b:is_bash")
- syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial,shSpecial
- syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.\|\\"+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial,shSpecial
+ syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial,shSpecial		nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
+ syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.\|\\"+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial,shSpecial	nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
 elseif !exists("g:sh_no_error")
  syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial
  syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+"+	contains=shStringSpecial
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@
 syn match   shStringSpecial	"[^\\]\zs\%(\\\\\)*\\[\\"'`$()#]"
 syn match   shSpecial	"[^\\]\zs\%(\\\\\)*\\[\\"'`$()#]"		nextgroup=shBkslshSnglQuote,shBkslshDblQuote
 syn match   shSpecial	"^\%(\\\\\)*\\[\\"'`$()#]"
-syn match   shMoreSpecial	"[^\\]\zs\%(\\\\\)*\\[\\"'`$()#]"		nextgroup=shMoreSpecial contained
+syn match   shSpecialNxt	contained	"\\[\\"'`$()#]"
 syn region  shBkslshSnglQuote	contained	matchgroup=shQuote start=+'+ end=+'+	contains=@Spell
 syn region  shBkslshDblQuote	contained	matchgroup=shQuote start=+"+ skip=+\\"+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial,@Spell
 
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
 " =============
 " available for: bash; ksh (really should be ksh93 only) but not if its a posix
 if exists("b:is_bash") || (exists("b:is_kornshell") && !exists("g:is_posix"))
- syn match shRedir "<<<"	skipwhite	nextgroup=shCmdParenRegion
+ syn match shHereString "<<<"	skipwhite	nextgroup=shCmdParenRegion
 endif
 
 " Identifiers: {{{1
@@ -431,6 +431,7 @@
 syn region shDeref	matchgroup=PreProc start="\${" end="}"	contains=@shDerefList,shDerefVarArray
 syn match  shDerefSimple	"\$[-#*@!?]"
 syn match  shDerefSimple	"\$\$"
+syn match  shDerefSimple	"\${\d}"
 if exists("b:is_bash") || exists("b:is_kornshell")
  syn region shDeref	matchgroup=PreProc start="\${##\=" end="}"	contains=@shDerefList
  syn region shDeref	matchgroup=PreProc start="\${\$\$" end="}"	contains=@shDerefList
@@ -455,6 +456,7 @@
 syn match  shDerefSpecial	contained	"{\@<=[-*@?0]"		nextgroup=shDerefOp,shDerefOpError
 syn match  shDerefSpecial	contained	"\({[#!]\)\@<=[[:alnum:]*@_]\+"	nextgroup=@shDerefVarList,shDerefOp
 syn match  shDerefVar	contained	"{\@<=\h\w*"		nextgroup=@shDerefVarList
+syn match  shDerefVar	contained	'\d'                            nextgroup=@shDerefVarList
 if exists("b:is_kornshell")
   syn match  shDerefVar	contained	"{\@<=\h\w*[[:alnum:]_.]*"	nextgroup=@shDerefVarList
 endif
@@ -482,24 +484,24 @@
 syn match  shDerefOp	contained	":\=[-=?]"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
 syn match  shDerefOp	contained	":\=+"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
 if exists("b:is_bash") || exists("b:is_kornshell")
- syn match  shDerefOp	contained	"#\{1,2}"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
- syn match  shDerefOp	contained	"%\{1,2}"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
- syn match  shDerefPattern	contained	"[^{}]\+"	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefPattern,shDerefString,shCommandSub,shDerefEscape nextgroup=shDerefPattern
+ syn match  shDerefOp	contained	"#\{1,2}"		nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
+ syn match  shDerefOp	contained	"%\{1,2}"		nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
+ syn match  shDerefPattern	contained	"[^{}]\+"		contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefPattern,shDerefString,shCommandSub,shDerefEscape nextgroup=shDerefPattern
  syn region shDerefPattern	contained	start="{" end="}"	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefString,shCommandSub nextgroup=shDerefPattern
  syn match  shDerefEscape	contained	'\%(\\\\\)*\\.'
 endif
 if exists("b:is_bash")
  syn match  shDerefOp	contained	"[,^]\{1,2}"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
 endif
-syn region shDerefString	contained	matchgroup=shDerefDelim start=+\%(\\\)\@<!'+ end=+'+		contains=shStringSpecial
+syn region shDerefString	contained	matchgroup=shDerefDelim start=+\%(\\\)\@<!'+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial
 syn region shDerefString	contained	matchgroup=shDerefDelim start=+\%(\\\)\@<!"+ skip=+\\"+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial
 syn match  shDerefString	contained	"\\["']"	nextgroup=shDerefPattern
 
 if exists("b:is_bash")
  " bash : ${parameter:offset}
  " bash : ${parameter:offset:length}
- syn region shDerefOff	contained	start=':'	end='\ze:'	end='\ze}'	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple	nextgroup=shDerefLen,shDeref,shDerefSimple
- syn region shDerefOff	contained	start=':\s-'	end='\ze:'	end='\ze}'	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple	nextgroup=shDerefLen,shDeref,shDerefSimple
+ syn region shDerefOff	contained	start=':'	end='\ze:'	end='\ze}'	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefEscape	nextgroup=shDerefLen,shDeref,shDerefSimple
+ syn region shDerefOff	contained	start=':\s-'	end='\ze:'	end='\ze}'	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefEscape	nextgroup=shDerefLen,shDeref,shDerefSimple
  syn match  shDerefLen	contained	":[^}]\+"	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple
 
  " bash : ${parameter//pattern/string}
@@ -602,14 +604,16 @@
 hi def link shEchoDelim	shOperator
 hi def link shEchoQuote	shString
 hi def link shForPP	shLoop
+hi def link shFunction	Function
 hi def link shEmbeddedEcho	shString
 hi def link shEscape	shCommandSub
 hi def link shExDoubleQuote	shDoubleQuote
 hi def link shExSingleQuote	shSingleQuote
 hi def link shHereDoc	shString
+hi def link shHereString	shRedir
 hi def link shHerePayload	shHereDoc
 hi def link shLoop	shStatement
-hi def link shMoreSpecial	shSpecial
+hi def link shSpecialNxt	shSpecial
 hi def link shNoQuote	shDoubleQuote
 hi def link shOption	shCommandSub
 hi def link shPattern	shString