diff --git a/runtime/syntax/generator/vim.vim.base b/runtime/syntax/generator/vim.vim.base
index 23e3423..8029073 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/generator/vim.vim.base
+++ b/runtime/syntax/generator/vim.vim.base
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language:	   Vim script
 " Maintainer:	   Hirohito Higashi <h.east.727 ATMARK gmail.com>
 "	   Doug Kearns <dougkearns@gmail.com>
-" Last Change:	   2025 Jan 19
+" Last Change:	   2025 Jan 20
 " Former Maintainer: Charles E. Campbell
 
 " DO NOT CHANGE DIRECTLY.
@@ -283,6 +283,10 @@
 syn cluster	vimOperGroup	contains=vimEnvvar,vimFunc,vimFuncVar,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimNumber,vimString,vimRegister,@vimContinue,vim9Comment,vimVar,vimBoolean,vimNull
 syn match	vimOper	"\a\@<!!"			skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"||\|&&\|[-+*/%.]"		skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
+syn match	vimOper	"?"			skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
+" distinguish ternary : from ex-colon
+syn match	vimOper	"\s\@1<=:\ze\s\|\s\@1<=:$"		skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
+syn match	vimOper	"??"			skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
 syn match	vimOper	"="			skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"\%#=1\%(==\|!=\|>=\|<=\|=\~\|!\~\|>\|<\)[?#]\="	skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"\<is\%(not\)\=\>"		skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
@@ -298,9 +302,9 @@
 syn cluster	vimFuncList	contains=vimFuncBang,vimFunctionError,vimFuncKey,vimFuncSID,Tag
 syn cluster	vimDefList	contains=vimFuncBang,vimFunctionError,vimDefKey,vimFuncSID,Tag
 
-syn cluster	vimFuncBodyCommon	contains=@vimCmdList,vimCmplxRepeat,vimContinue,vimCtrlChar,vimDef,vimEnvvar,vimFBVar,vimFunc,vimFunction,vimLetHereDoc,vimNotation,vimNotFunc,vimNumber,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimRegister,vimSearch,vimSpecFile,vimString,vimSubst,vimFuncFold,vimDefFold
-syn cluster	vimFuncBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vimComment,vimLineComment,vimFuncVar,vimInsert,vimConst,vimLet
-syn cluster	vimDefBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vim9Comment,vim9LineComment,vim9Const,vim9Final,vim9Var,vim9Null,vim9Boolean,vim9For
+syn cluster	vimFuncBodyCommon	contains=@vimCmdList,vimCmplxRepeat,vimContinue,vimCtrlChar,vimDef,vimEnvvar,vimFBVar,vimFunc,vimFunction,vimLetHereDoc,vimNotation,vimNotFunc,vimNumber,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimRegister,vimSpecFile,vimString,vimSubst,vimFuncFold,vimDefFold
+syn cluster	vimFuncBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vimComment,vimLineComment,vimFuncVar,vimInsert,vimConst,vimLet,vimSearch
+syn cluster	vimDefBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vim9Comment,vim9LineComment,vim9Const,vim9Final,vim9Var,vim9Null,vim9Boolean,vim9For,vim9Search
 
 syn region	vimFuncPattern	contained		matchgroup=vimOper start="/" end="$" contains=@vimSubstList
 syn match	vimFunction	"\<fu\%[nction]\>"	skipwhite nextgroup=vimCmdSep,vimComment,vimFuncPattern contains=vimFuncKey
@@ -1017,8 +1021,10 @@
 
 " Searches And Globals: {{{2
 " ====================
-syn match	vimSearch	'^\s*[/?].*'		contains=vimSearchDelim
+VimL syn match	vimSearch	'^\s*[/?].*'		contains=vimSearchDelim
 syn match	vimSearchDelim	'^\s*\zs[/?]\|[/?]$'	contained
+Vim9 syn match	vim9Search	'^\s*:[/?].*'		contains=vim9SearchDelim
+syn match	vim9SearchDelim	'^\s*\zs:[/?]\|[/?]$'	contained contains=vimCmdSep
 syn region	vimGlobal	matchgroup=Statement start='\<g\%[lobal]!\=/'  skip='\\.' end='/'	skipwhite nextgroup=vimSubst1
 syn region	vimGlobal	matchgroup=Statement start='\<v\%[global]!\=/' skip='\\.' end='/'	skipwhite nextgroup=vimSubst1
 
@@ -1399,8 +1405,8 @@
  hi def link vimQuoteEscape	vimEscape
  hi def link vimRegister	SpecialChar
  hi def link vimScriptDelim	Comment
- hi def link vimSearchDelim	Statement
  hi def link vimSearch	vimString
+ hi def link vimSearchDelim	Delimiter
  hi def link vimSep	Delimiter
  hi def link vimSet	vimCommand
  hi def link vimSetAll	vimOption
@@ -1493,6 +1499,8 @@
  hi def link vim9MethodNameError	vimFunctionError
  hi def link vim9Null	Constant
  hi def link vim9Public	vimCommand
+ hi def link vim9Search	vimString
+ hi def link vim9SearchDelim	Delimiter
  hi def link vim9Static	vimCommand
  hi def link vim9Super	Identifier
  hi def link vim9This	Identifier
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_00.dump
index d681dcf..3cecb58 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_00.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_00.dump
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 |:|h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@69
 @1|:|h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@68
 |:| |h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@68
-@1|:| |h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@67
+@1|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|h+0#00e0e07&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&|#+0#0000e05&| |F+0#0000001#ffff4012|I|X|M|E| +0#0000000#ffffff0@59
 @75
 |:|2+0#af5f00255&|m|a|t|c|h| +0#0000000&@67
 |:|3+0#af5f00255&|m|a|t|c|h| +0#0000000&@67
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_01.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_01.dump
index 58ba6ab..19837f2 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_01.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_ex_commands_01.dump
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 |:+0&#ffffff0| |h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@68
-@1|:| |h+0#af5f00255&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&@67
+@1|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|h+0#00e0e07&|e|l|p| +0#0000000&|#+0#0000e05&| |F+0#0000001#ffff4012|I|X|M|E| +0#0000000#ffffff0@59
 @75
 |:|2+0#af5f00255&|m|a|t|c|h| +0#0000000&@67
 |:|3+0#af5f00255&|m|a|t|c|h| +0#0000000&@67
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_00.dump
index 2c7da39..373b3a0 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_00.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_00.dump
@@ -2,19 +2,19 @@
 |#+0#0000e05&| |V|i|m|9|-|s|c|r|i|p|t| |e|x|p|r|e|s@1|i|o|n|s| +0#0000000&@49
 @75
 @75
-|#+0#0000e05&| |C|o|m@1|a|n|d| |{|e|x|p|r|}| |a|r|g|u|m|e|n|t|s| +0#0000000&@48
+|#+0#0000e05&| |O|p|e|r|a|t|o|r|s| +0#0000000&@63
 @75
-|i+0#af5f00255&|f| +0#0000000&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|e| +0#0000000&@67
-@2|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|e| +0#0000000&@63
-|e+0#af5f00255&|l|s|e|i|f| +0#0000000&|f+0#e000002&|a|l|s|e| +0#0000000&@62
-@2|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|f+0#e000002&|a|l|s|e| +0#0000000&@62
-|e+0#af5f00255&|n|d|i|f| +0#0000000&@69
+|#+0#0000e05&| |T|e|r|n|a|r|y| +0#0000000&@65
 @75
-|w+0#af5f00255&|h|i|l|e| +0#0000000&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|e| +0#0000000&@64
-@2|b+0#af5f00255&|r|e|a|k| +0#0000000&@67
-|e+0#af5f00255&|n|d|w|h|i|l|e| +0#0000000&@66
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@51
 @75
-|d+0#af5f00255&|e|f| +0#0000000&|F|o@1|(+0#e000e06&|)|:+0#0000000&| |b+0#00e0003&|o@1|l| +0#0000000&@59
-@2|r+0#af5f00255&|e|t|u|r|n| +0#0000000&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|e| +0#0000000&@61
-|e+0#af5f00255&|n|d@1|e|f| +0#0000000&@68
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|t|o|p|"| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&@45
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|t|o|p|"| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&|0@2| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|l|a|s|t|"| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&@21
+@75
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@60
+@8|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|t|o|p|"| +0#0000000&@59
+@8|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&|0@2| +0#0000000&@52
+@16|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|l|a|s|t|"| +0#0000000&@50
+@16|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&@52
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@58
 @57|1|,|1| @10|T|o|p| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_01.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_01.dump
index 8cd3c68..3e822fd 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_01.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_01.dump
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-| +0&#ffffff0@1|b+0#af5f00255&|r|e|a|k| +0#0000000&@67
-|e+0#af5f00255&|n|d|w|h|i|l|e| +0#0000000&@66
+|e+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@60
+@8|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|t|o|p|"| +0#0000000&@59
+@8|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&|0@2| +0#0000000&@52
+@16|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&|l|a|s|t|"| +0#0000000&@50
+@16|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&@52
+>e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|l+0#00e0e07&|n|u|m| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@58
+@8|"+0#e000002&|t|o|p|"| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@59
+@8|l|n|u|m| |=+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|1+0#e000002&|0@2| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@52
+@16|"+0#e000002&|l|a|s|t|"| +0#0000000&|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@50
+@16|l|n|u|m| @54
 @75
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-@2|r+0#af5f00255&|e|t|u|r|n| +0#0000000&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|e| +0#0000000&@61
->e+0#af5f00255&|n|d@1|e|f| +0#0000000&@68
-@75
-|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
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-|~| @73
-|~| @73
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-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-| +0#0000000&@56|1|9|,|1| @9|B|o|t| 
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+@57|1|9|,|1| @9|1|4|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_02.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_02.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8df58e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_02.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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+@57|3|7|,|1| @9|3|5|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_03.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_03.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f824f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_03.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+|e+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|o@1| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|o@1| +0#0000000&@59
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|g+0#00e0e07&|:|f|o@1| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|g+0#00e0e07&|:|f|o@1| +0#0000000&@55
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|$+0#e000e06&|F|O@1| +0#0000000&|?+0#af5f00255&@1| +0#0000000&|$+0#e000e06&|F|O@1| +0#0000000&@57
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_04.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_04.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32a423b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_04.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_05.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_05.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..925ce68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_05.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_06.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_06.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..befcab3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_expr_06.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_00.dump
index 863ae38..8c54501 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_00.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_00.dump
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
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 @75
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_01.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_01.dump
index 23936b8..1f3f677 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_01.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_ex_commands_01.dump
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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 @75
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_01.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_01.dump
index ca2875d..8dc7041 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_01.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_01.dump
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
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 @75
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_02.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_02.dump
index da1a0d9..901b5ff 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_02.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_02.dump
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_03.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_03.dump
index 74655c8..bcffddf 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_03.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_03.dump
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_04.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_04.dump
index c760613..08c2f98 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_04.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_04.dump
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_05.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_05.dump
index 53f62dc..c927b11 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_05.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_05.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_06.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_06.dump
index 9c58105..b1b7e4b 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_06.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_06.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_07.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_07.dump
index c32edfd..d0aafdd 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_07.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_07.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_08.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_08.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8670b55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_08.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_09.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_09.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..106ba75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_09.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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+>e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|i+0#af5f00255&|s|n|o|t|#| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+@75
+|"+0#0000e05&| |C|o|m|p|a|r|i|s|o|n| |-| |i|g|n|o|r|e| |c|a|s|e| +0#0000000&@48
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&@1|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|!+0#af5f00255&|=|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|>+0#af5f00255&|?| +0#0000000&@4|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|>+0#af5f00255&|=|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|<+0#af5f00255&|?| +0#0000000&@4|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|<+0#af5f00255&|=|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&|~|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|!+0#af5f00255&|~|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|i+0#af5f00255&|s|?| +0#0000000&@3|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&|i+0#af5f00255&|s|n|o|t|?| +0#0000000&|e+0#00e0e07&|x|p|r| +0#0000000&@53
+@75
+@57|1|5|8|,|1| @8|8|4|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_10.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_10.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35de769
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_10.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+| +0&#ffffff0@74
+|"+0#0000e05&| |U|n|r|e|p|o|r|t|e|d| |i|s@1|u|e| |(|i|n|c|o|r@1|e|c|t|l|y| |m|a|t|c|h|e|s| |a|s| |"+0#e000002&|e|c|h|o| |v|i|m|N|u|m|b|e|r| |*|v|i|m|C|o|m@1|a|n|d|*| |v|i|m
+|N|u|m|b|e|r|"|)+0#0000e05&| +0#0000000&@66
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|4+0#e000002&|2| +0#0000000&|i+0#af5f00255&|s| +0#0000000&|4+0#e000002&|2| +0#0000000&@61
+@75
+> @74
+|"+0#0000e05&| |I|s@1|u|e| |#|1|6|2@1|1| |(|v|i|m|S|t|r|i|n|g| |b|e|c|o|m|e|s| |v|i|m|V|a|r| |w|h|e|n| |p|r|e|c|e|d|e|d| |b|y| |!|)| +0#0000000&@14
+|l+0#af5f00255&|e|t| +0#0000000&|b+0#00e0e07&|a|r| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|!+0#af5f00255&|'+0#e000002&|g|:|b|a|r|'|-+0#af5f00255&|>|e+0#00e0e07&|x|i|s|t|s|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&@46
+@75
+@75
+|"+0#0000e05&| |I|s@1|u|e| |#|1|4@1|2|3| |(|v|i|m|.|v|i|m|:| |O|p|t| |o|u|t| |o|f| |v|i|m|S|e|a|r|c|h|*|)| +0#0000000&@27
+@75
+|?+0#e000e06&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&@67
+|l+0#af5f00255&|e|t| +0#0000000&|t+0#00e0e07&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|0+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@60
+|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|(+0#e000e06&|0+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@66
+|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|)+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@69
+|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|(+0#e000e06&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@66
+|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|)+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@69
+|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|t+0#00e0e07&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&@63
+@57|1|7|5|,|0|-|1| @6|9|3|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_11.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_11.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50d5773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_expr_11.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+|e+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|t+0#00e0e07&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&@63
+@75
+|f+0#af5f00255&|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|F|o@1|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&@60
+| +0#e000002&@1|?+0#e000e06&|t+0#e000002&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&@65
+@2|l+0#af5f00255&|e|t| +0#0000000&|t+0#00e0e07&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|0+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@58
+@2>\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|?+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|(+0#e000e06&|0+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@64
+@2|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|)+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@67
+@2|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|:+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|(+0#e000e06&|1+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@64
+@2|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@2|)+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@67
+@2|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#0000000&|t+0#00e0e07&|r|u|t|h|y| +0#0000000&@61
+|e+0#af5f00255&|n|d|f|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&@63
+@75
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|1|9|3|,|3| @8|B|o|t| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_ex_commands.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_ex_commands.vim
index c0eb97d..e08cec3 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_ex_commands.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_ex_commands.vim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 :help
  :help
 : help
- : help
+ : help # FIXME
 
 :2match
 :3match
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_expr.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_expr.vim
index 784d861..7faaa5f 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_expr.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_expr.vim
@@ -2,6 +2,59 @@
 # Vim9-script expressions
 
 
+# Operators
+
+# Ternary
+
+echo expr ? expr : expr
+
+echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum
+echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum == 1000 ? "last" : lnum
+
+echo lnum == 1
+	? "top"
+	: lnum == 1000
+		? "last"
+		: lnum
+echo lnum == 1 ?
+	"top" :
+	lnum == 1000 ?
+		"last" :
+		lnum
+
+echo true ? true : false
+echo 1 ? 1 : 0
+echo "foo" ? "foo" : "bar"
+echo foo ? foo : bar
+echo g:foo ? g:foo : g:bar
+echo $FOO ? $FOO : $BAR
+echo True() ? True() : False()
+echo @a ? @a : @b
+echo (1) ? (1) : (0)
+
+# Falsy
+
+echo expr ?? expr
+
+echo theList ?? 'list is empty'
+echo GetName() ?? 'unknown'
+
+echo theList
+      \ ?? 'list is empty'
+echo theList ??
+      \ 'list is empty'
+
+echo true ?? true
+echo 1 ?? 1
+echo "foo" ?? "foo"
+echo foo ?? foo
+echo g:foo ?? g:foo
+echo $FOO ?? $FOO
+echo True() ?? True()
+echo @a ?? @a
+echo (1) ?? (1)
+
+
 # Command {expr} arguments
 
 if true
@@ -18,3 +71,37 @@
   return true
 enddef
 
+
+# Issue #14423 (vim.vim: Opt out of vimSearch*)
+
+:?truthy
+const truthy: number = false
+    ? (0
+    )
+    : (1
+    )
+echo truthy
+
+def Foo()
+  :?truthy
+  const truthy: number = false
+      ? (0
+      )
+      : (1
+      )
+  echo truthy
+enddef
+
+
+# Issue #16227 (Vimscript ternary expression highlighting)
+
+var foo = 'foo'                         # comment
+var bar = foo == 'foo' ? 'bar' : 'baz'
+var baz = foo == 'foo'
+            \ ? 'baz'
+            \ : 'bar'
+var qux = foo == 'foo'
+            ? 'qux'                     # comment
+            : 'qux'                     # comment
+echo qux ?? 'quux'
+
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_ex_commands.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_ex_commands.vim
index 98f32d7..7a58365 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_ex_commands.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_ex_commands.vim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 :help
  :help
 : help
- : help
+ : help # FIXME
 
 :2match
 :3match
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_expr.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_expr.vim
index 903db92..569d4ce 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_expr.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_expr.vim
@@ -87,6 +87,52 @@
 
 " Operators
 
+" Ternary
+echo expr ? expr : expr
+
+echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum
+echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum == 1000 ? "last" : lnum
+
+echo lnum == 1
+      \	? "top"
+      \	: lnum == 1000
+      \		? "last"
+      \		: lnum
+echo lnum == 1 ?
+      \	"top" :
+      \	lnum == 1000 ?
+      \		"last" :
+      \		lnum
+
+echo 1 ? 1 : 0
+echo "foo" ? "foo" : "bar"
+echo foo ? foo : bar
+echo g:foo ? g:foo : g:bar
+echo $FOO ? $FOO : $BAR
+echo True() ? True() : False()
+echo @a ? @a : @b
+echo (1) ? (1) : (0)
+
+" Falsy
+echo expr ?? expr
+
+echo theList ?? 'list is empty'
+echo GetName() ?? 'unknown'
+
+echo theList
+      \ ?? 'list is empty'
+echo theList ??
+      \ 'list is empty'
+
+echo 1 ?? 1
+echo "foo" ?? "foo"
+echo foo ?? foo
+echo g:foo ?? g:foo
+echo $FOO ?? $FOO
+echo True() ?? True()
+echo @a ?? @a
+echo (1) ?? (1)
+
 " Comparison - using 'ignorcase'
 echo expr ==     expr
 echo expr !=     expr
@@ -126,6 +172,28 @@
 " Unreported issue (incorrectly matches as "echo vimNumber *vimCommand* vimNumber")
 echo 42 is 42
 
+
 " Issue #16221 (vimString becomes vimVar when preceded by !)
 let bar = !'g:bar'->exists()
 
+
+" Issue #14423 (vim.vim: Opt out of vimSearch*)
+
+?truthy
+let truthy = 0
+\   ? (0
+\   )
+\   : (1
+\   )
+echo truthy
+
+function Foo()
+  ?truthy
+  let truthy = 0
+  \   ? (0
+  \   )
+  \   : (1
+  \   )
+  echo truthy
+endfunction
+
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/vim.vim b/runtime/syntax/vim.vim
index fc69a43..b19a435 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/vim.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/vim.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language:	   Vim script
 " Maintainer:	   Hirohito Higashi <h.east.727 ATMARK gmail.com>
 "	   Doug Kearns <dougkearns@gmail.com>
-" Last Change:	   2025 Jan 19
+" Last Change:	   2025 Jan 20
 " Former Maintainer: Charles E. Campbell
 
 " DO NOT CHANGE DIRECTLY.
@@ -321,6 +321,10 @@
 syn cluster	vimOperGroup	contains=vimEnvvar,vimFunc,vimFuncVar,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimNumber,vimString,vimRegister,@vimContinue,vim9Comment,vimVar,vimBoolean,vimNull
 syn match	vimOper	"\a\@<!!"			skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"||\|&&\|[-+*/%.]"		skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
+syn match	vimOper	"?"			skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
+" distinguish ternary : from ex-colon
+syn match	vimOper	"\s\@1<=:\ze\s\|\s\@1<=:$"		skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
+syn match	vimOper	"??"			skipwhite nextgroup=@vimExprList
 syn match	vimOper	"="			skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"\%#=1\%(==\|!=\|>=\|<=\|=\~\|!\~\|>\|<\)[?#]\="	skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
 syn match	vimOper	"\<is\%(not\)\=\>"		skipwhite nextgroup=vimString,vimSpecFile
@@ -336,9 +340,9 @@
 syn cluster	vimFuncList	contains=vimFuncBang,vimFunctionError,vimFuncKey,vimFuncSID,Tag
 syn cluster	vimDefList	contains=vimFuncBang,vimFunctionError,vimDefKey,vimFuncSID,Tag
 
-syn cluster	vimFuncBodyCommon	contains=@vimCmdList,vimCmplxRepeat,vimContinue,vimCtrlChar,vimDef,vimEnvvar,vimFBVar,vimFunc,vimFunction,vimLetHereDoc,vimNotation,vimNotFunc,vimNumber,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimRegister,vimSearch,vimSpecFile,vimString,vimSubst,vimFuncFold,vimDefFold
-syn cluster	vimFuncBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vimComment,vimLineComment,vimFuncVar,vimInsert,vimConst,vimLet
-syn cluster	vimDefBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vim9Comment,vim9LineComment,vim9Const,vim9Final,vim9Var,vim9Null,vim9Boolean,vim9For
+syn cluster	vimFuncBodyCommon	contains=@vimCmdList,vimCmplxRepeat,vimContinue,vimCtrlChar,vimDef,vimEnvvar,vimFBVar,vimFunc,vimFunction,vimLetHereDoc,vimNotation,vimNotFunc,vimNumber,vimOper,vimOperParen,vimRegister,vimSpecFile,vimString,vimSubst,vimFuncFold,vimDefFold
+syn cluster	vimFuncBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vimComment,vimLineComment,vimFuncVar,vimInsert,vimConst,vimLet,vimSearch
+syn cluster	vimDefBodyList	contains=@vimFuncBodyCommon,vim9Comment,vim9LineComment,vim9Const,vim9Final,vim9Var,vim9Null,vim9Boolean,vim9For,vim9Search
 
 syn region	vimFuncPattern	contained		matchgroup=vimOper start="/" end="$" contains=@vimSubstList
 syn match	vimFunction	"\<fu\%[nction]\>"	skipwhite nextgroup=vimCmdSep,vimComment,vimFuncPattern contains=vimFuncKey
@@ -1063,8 +1067,10 @@
 
 " Searches And Globals: {{{2
 " ====================
-syn match	vimSearch	'^\s*[/?].*'		contains=vimSearchDelim
+VimL syn match	vimSearch	'^\s*[/?].*'		contains=vimSearchDelim
 syn match	vimSearchDelim	'^\s*\zs[/?]\|[/?]$'	contained
+Vim9 syn match	vim9Search	'^\s*:[/?].*'		contains=vim9SearchDelim
+syn match	vim9SearchDelim	'^\s*\zs:[/?]\|[/?]$'	contained contains=vimCmdSep
 syn region	vimGlobal	matchgroup=Statement start='\<g\%[lobal]!\=/'  skip='\\.' end='/'	skipwhite nextgroup=vimSubst1
 syn region	vimGlobal	matchgroup=Statement start='\<v\%[global]!\=/' skip='\\.' end='/'	skipwhite nextgroup=vimSubst1
 
@@ -1445,8 +1451,8 @@
  hi def link vimQuoteEscape	vimEscape
  hi def link vimRegister	SpecialChar
  hi def link vimScriptDelim	Comment
- hi def link vimSearchDelim	Statement
  hi def link vimSearch	vimString
+ hi def link vimSearchDelim	Delimiter
  hi def link vimSep	Delimiter
  hi def link vimSet	vimCommand
  hi def link vimSetAll	vimOption
@@ -1539,6 +1545,8 @@
  hi def link vim9MethodNameError	vimFunctionError
  hi def link vim9Null	Constant
  hi def link vim9Public	vimCommand
+ hi def link vim9Search	vimString
+ hi def link vim9SearchDelim	Delimiter
  hi def link vim9Static	vimCommand
  hi def link vim9Super	Identifier
  hi def link vim9This	Identifier