diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_00.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f2818c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_00.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+>#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+|v+0#af5f00255&|i|m|9|s|c|r|i|p|t| +0#0000000&@64
+@75
+|#+0#0000e05&| |V|i|m| |s|h|e|b|a|n|g| |l|i|n|e| +0#0000000&@56
+@75
+|#+0#0000e05&| |j|u|s|t| |a| |l|i|n|e| |c|o|m@1|e|n|t| +0#0000000&@53
+|#+0#0000e05&|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|1|,|1| @10|A|l@1| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_99.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_99.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71f543e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim9_shebang_99.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+|#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+|v+0#af5f00255&|i|m|9|s|c|r|i|p|t| +0#0000000&@64
+@75
+|#+0#0000e05&| |V|i|m| |s|h|e|b|a|n|g| |l|i|n|e| +0#0000000&@56
+@75
+|#+0#0000e05&| |j|u|s|t| |a| |l|i|n|e| |c|o|m@1|e|n|t| +0#0000000&@53
+>#+0#0000e05&|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|7|,|1| @10|A|l@1| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_00.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c79da44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_00.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+>#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+@75
+|"+0#0000e05&| |V|i|m| |s|h|e|b|a|n|g| |l|i|n|e| +0#0000000&@56
+@75
+|#+0#ffffff16#ff404010|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000#ffffff0@53
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|1|,|1| @10|A|l@1| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_99.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_99.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0102412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/vim_shebang_99.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+|#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000&@53
+@75
+|"+0#0000e05&| |V|i|m| |s|h|e|b|a|n|g| |l|i|n|e| +0#0000000&@56
+@75
+>#+0#ffffff16#ff404010|!|/|u|s|r|/|b|i|n|/|e|n|v| |v|i|m| |-|S| +0#0000000#ffffff0@53
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|5|,|1| @10|A|l@1| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_shebang.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_shebang.vim
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c012fd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim9_shebang.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env vim -S
+vim9script
+
+# Vim shebang line
+
+# just a line comment
+#!/usr/bin/env vim -S
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_shebang.vim b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_shebang.vim
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..47a550c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/vim_shebang.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env vim -S
+
+" Vim shebang line
+
+#!/usr/bin/env vim -S