runtime(java): Improve the recognition of literals (#14120)

* Emend the Unicode and octal escape sequence patterns;
* Accept the (repeated) underscore separators in all
  numerical literals;
* Recognise hexadecimal floating-point literals.

(The space escape sequence '\s' will be introduced along
with text blocks in another PR.)

References:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.3
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.10.1
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.10.2
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.10.7


Signed-off-by: Aliaksei Budavei <0x000c70@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/java_numbers.java b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/java_numbers.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e926534
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/java_numbers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+class NumbersTests
+{
+	static {
+		double[] dd = {
+			0x.0p0, 0x0.p0, 0x0.0p0, 0x0P0,
+			0x.0p0d, 0x0.p0d, 0x0.0p0d, 0x0P0D,
+			0x.0p0f, 0x0.p0f, 0x0.0p0f, 0x0P0F,
+			0x.0p0, 0x0.p0, 0x0.0p0, 0x0P0,
+			0x.0p0d, 0x0.p0d, 0x0.0p0d, 0x0P0D,
+			0x.0p0f, 0x0.p0f, 0x0.0p0f, 0x0P0F,
+			0x.0p-0, 0x0.p-0, 0x0.0p-0, 0x0P-0,
+			0x.0p-0d, 0x0.p-0d, 0x0.0p-0d, 0x0P-0D,
+			0x.0p-0f, 0x0.p-0f, 0x0.0p-0f, 0x0P-0F,
+			0x.0p+0, 0x0.p+0, 0x0.0p+0, 0x0P+0,
+			0x.0p+0d, 0x0.p+0d, 0x0.0p+0d, 0x0P+0D,
+			0x.0p+0f, 0x0.p+0f, 0x0.0p+0f, 0x0P+0F,
+
+			1., 1.2, 1.2e3, 1.2e3d, 1.2e3f,
+				1.2e-3, 1.2e-3d, 1.2E-3F,
+				1.2e+3, 1.2E+3D, 1.2e+3f,
+			.2, .2e3, .2e3d, .2e3f,
+				.2e-3, .2e-3d, .2E-3F,
+				.2e+3, .2E+3D, .2e+3f,
+			1e3, 1e3d, 1e3f,
+				1e-3, 1e-3d, 1E-3F,
+				1e+3, 1E+3D, 1e+3f,
+			1d, 1D, 1f, 1F,
+
+//// MALFORMED: :let g:java_comment_strings = 1 | doautocmd Syntax
+//			0_x.0p0, 0x._0p0, 0x.0_p0, 0x.0p_0, 0x.0p0_,
+//			0x0_.0p0, 0x_0.0p0, 0xp0,
+		};
+
+		int O = 0;
+		int OO = 00;
+		int OxO = 0x0;
+
+		int x = 0x12_345_678;
+		int y = 0b01_01_01_01_01;
+		int z = 0__1__2__3__4__5__6__7;
+
+		// String.format("%a", -1.0)
+		double minus_one_d = -0x1.0p0;
+
+		double z_d = -0x.0p0;
+		double y_d = 0xap1__0__0;
+		double x_d = .0__1__2__3__4__5__6__7__8__9;
+		double dot_O = .0;
+
+		// JLS, §3.10.2:
+		float max_dec_f = 3.4028235e38f;
+		float max_hex_f = 0x1.fffffeP+127f;
+		float min_dec_f = 1.4e-45f;
+		float min_hex_f_a = 0x0.000002P-126f;
+		float min_hex_f_b = 0x1.0P-149f;
+
+		double max_dec_d = 1.7976931348623157e3__0__8;
+		double max_hex_d = 0x1.f_ffff_ffff_ffffP+1023;
+		double min_dec_d = 4.9e-3__2__4;
+		double min_hex_d_a = 0x0.0_0000_0000_0001P-1022;
+		double min_hex_d_b = 0x1.0P-1074;
+
+		// JLS, §3.10.1:
+		int max_hex = 0x7fff_ffff;
+		int max_oct = 0177_7777_7777;
+		int max_bin = 0b0111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111;
+
+		int min_hex = 0x8000_0000;
+		int min_oct = 0200_0000_0000;
+		int min_bin = 0b1000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000;
+
+		int minus_one_hex = 0xffff_ffff;
+		int minus_one_oct = 0377_7777_7777;
+		int minus_one_bin = 0b1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111;
+
+		long max_hex_l = 0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffffL;
+		long max_oct_l = 07_7777_7777_7777_7777_7777L;
+		long max_bin_l = 0b0111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111L;
+
+		long min_hex_l = 0x8000_0000_0000_0000L;
+		long min_oct_l = 010_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000L;
+		long min_bin_l = 0b1000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000L;
+
+		long minus_one_hex_l = 0xffff_ffff_ffff_ffffL;
+		long minus_one_oct_l = 017_7777_7777_7777_7777_7777L;
+		long minus_one_bin_l = 0b1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111L;
+	}
+}