diff --git a/progs/tput.c b/progs/tput.c
index f25cbaf..f9321b6 100644
--- a/progs/tput.c
+++ b/progs/tput.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /****************************************************************************
- * Copyright (c) 1998-2014,2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.              *
+ * Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey                                *
+ * Copyright 1998-2016,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.                  *
  *                                                                          *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a  *
  * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the            *
@@ -40,48 +41,92 @@
  */
 
 #include <tparm_type.h>
+#include <clear_cmd.h>
+#include <reset_cmd.h>
 
-#if !PURE_TERMINFO
-#include <dump_entry.h>
-#include <termsort.c>
-#endif
 #include <transform.h>
+#include <tty_settings.h>
 
-MODULE_ID("$Id: tput.c,v 1.51 2015/05/23 23:42:55 tom Exp $")
+MODULE_ID("$Id: tput.c,v 1.104 2024/04/20 22:20:51 tom Exp $")
 
 #define PUTS(s)		fputs(s, stdout)
-#define PUTCHAR(c)	putchar(c)
-#define FLUSH		fflush(stdout)
 
-static char *prg_name;
+const char *_nc_progname = "tput";
+
+static bool opt_v = FALSE;	/* quiet, do not show warnings */
+static bool opt_x = FALSE;	/* clear scrollback if possible */
+
 static bool is_init = FALSE;
 static bool is_reset = FALSE;
+static bool is_clear = FALSE;
 
-static void
-quit(int status, const char *fmt,...)
+static GCC_NORETURN void
+quit(int status, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list argp;
 
     va_start(argp, fmt);
-    fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", prg_name);
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", _nc_progname);
     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, argp);
     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
     va_end(argp);
     ExitProgram(status);
 }
 
-static void
-usage(void)
+static GCC_NORETURN void
+usage(const char *optstring)
 {
-    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-V] [-S] [-T term] capname\n", prg_name);
-    ExitProgram(EXIT_FAILURE);
+#define KEEP(s) s "\n"
+    static const char msg[] =
+    {
+	KEEP("")
+	KEEP("Options:")
+	KEEP("  -S <<       read commands from standard input")
+	KEEP("  -T TERM     use this instead of $TERM")
+	KEEP("  -V          print curses-version")
+	KEEP("  -v          verbose, show warnings")
+	KEEP("  -x          do not try to clear scrollback")
+	KEEP("")
+	KEEP("Commands:")
+	KEEP("  clear       clear the screen")
+	KEEP("  init        initialize the terminal")
+	KEEP("  reset       reinitialize the terminal")
+	KEEP("  capname     unlike clear/init/reset, print value for capability \"capname\"")
+    };
+#undef KEEP
+    (void) fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] [command]\n", _nc_progname);
+    if (optstring != NULL) {
+	const char *s = msg;
+	while (*s != '\0') {
+	    fputc(UChar(*s), stderr);
+	    if (!strncmp(s, "  -", 3)) {
+		if (strchr(optstring, s[3]) == NULL)
+		    s = strchr(s, '\n') + 1;
+	    } else if (!strncmp(s, "\n\nC", 3))
+		break;
+	    ++s;
+	}
+    } else {
+	fputs(msg, stderr);
+    }
+    ExitProgram(ErrUsage);
 }
 
-static void
-check_aliases(const char *name)
+static char *
+check_aliases(char *name, bool program)
 {
-    is_init = same_program(name, PROG_INIT);
-    is_reset = same_program(name, PROG_RESET);
+    static char my_init[] = "init";
+    static char my_reset[] = "reset";
+    static char my_clear[] = "clear";
+
+    char *result = name;
+    if ((is_init = same_program(name, program ? PROG_INIT : my_init)))
+	result = my_init;
+    if ((is_reset = same_program(name, program ? PROG_RESET : my_reset)))
+	result = my_reset;
+    if ((is_clear = same_program(name, program ? PROG_CLEAR : my_clear)))
+	result = my_clear;
+    return result;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -103,121 +148,54 @@
     return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns nonzero on error.
+ */
 static int
-tput(int argc, char *argv[])
+tput_cmd(int fd, TTY * settings, int argc, char **argv, int *used)
 {
     NCURSES_CONST char *name;
     char *s;
-    int i, j, c;
     int status;
-    FILE *f;
 #if !PURE_TERMINFO
     bool termcap = FALSE;
 #endif
 
-    if ((name = argv[0]) == 0)
-	name = "";
-    check_aliases(name);
+    name = check_aliases(argv[0], FALSE);
+    *used = 1;
     if (is_reset || is_init) {
-	if (init_prog != 0) {
-	    IGNORE_RC(system(init_prog));
-	}
-	FLUSH;
+	TTY oldmode = *settings;
 
-	if (is_reset && reset_1string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(reset_1string);
-	} else if (init_1string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(init_1string);
-	}
-	FLUSH;
+	int terasechar = -1;	/* new erase character */
+	int intrchar = -1;	/* new interrupt character */
+	int tkillchar = -1;	/* new kill character */
 
-	if (is_reset && reset_2string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(reset_2string);
-	} else if (init_2string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(init_2string);
+	if (is_reset) {
+	    reset_start(stdout, TRUE, FALSE);
+	    reset_tty_settings(fd, settings, FALSE);
+	} else {
+	    reset_start(stdout, FALSE, TRUE);
 	}
-	FLUSH;
 
-#ifdef set_lr_margin
-	if (set_lr_margin != 0) {
-	    PUTS(TPARM_2(set_lr_margin, 0, columns - 1));
-	} else
+#if HAVE_SIZECHANGE
+	{
+	    NCURSES_INT2 my_rows = lines;
+	    NCURSES_INT2 my_cols = columns;
+	    set_window_size(fd, &my_rows, &my_cols);
+	    lines = my_rows;
+	    columns = my_cols;
+	}
+#else
+	(void) fd;
 #endif
-#ifdef set_left_margin_parm
-	    if (set_left_margin_parm != 0
-		&& set_right_margin_parm != 0) {
-	    PUTS(TPARM_1(set_left_margin_parm, 0));
-	    PUTS(TPARM_1(set_right_margin_parm, columns - 1));
-	} else
-#endif
-	    if (clear_margins != 0
-		&& set_left_margin != 0
-		&& set_right_margin != 0) {
-	    PUTS(clear_margins);
-	    if (carriage_return != 0) {
-		PUTS(carriage_return);
-	    } else {
-		PUTCHAR('\r');
-	    }
-	    PUTS(set_left_margin);
-	    if (parm_right_cursor) {
-		PUTS(TPARM_1(parm_right_cursor, columns - 1));
-	    } else {
-		for (i = 0; i < columns - 1; i++) {
-		    PUTCHAR(' ');
-		}
-	    }
-	    PUTS(set_right_margin);
-	    if (carriage_return != 0) {
-		PUTS(carriage_return);
-	    } else {
-		PUTCHAR('\r');
-	    }
-	}
-	FLUSH;
+	set_control_chars(settings, terasechar, intrchar, tkillchar);
+	set_conversions(settings);
 
-	if (init_tabs != 8) {
-	    if (clear_all_tabs != 0 && set_tab != 0) {
-		for (i = 0; i < columns - 1; i += 8) {
-		    if (parm_right_cursor) {
-			PUTS(TPARM_1(parm_right_cursor, 8));
-		    } else {
-			for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
-			    PUTCHAR(' ');
-		    }
-		    PUTS(set_tab);
-		}
-		FLUSH;
-	    }
+	if (send_init_strings(fd, &oldmode)) {
+	    reset_flush();
 	}
 
-	if (is_reset && reset_file != 0) {
-	    f = fopen(reset_file, "r");
-	    if (f == 0) {
-		quit(4 + errno, "Can't open reset_file: '%s'", reset_file);
-	    }
-	    while ((c = fgetc(f)) != EOF) {
-		PUTCHAR(c);
-	    }
-	    fclose(f);
-	} else if (init_file != 0) {
-	    f = fopen(init_file, "r");
-	    if (f == 0) {
-		quit(4 + errno, "Can't open init_file: '%s'", init_file);
-	    }
-	    while ((c = fgetc(f)) != EOF) {
-		PUTCHAR(c);
-	    }
-	    fclose(f);
-	}
-	FLUSH;
-
-	if (is_reset && reset_3string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(reset_3string);
-	} else if (init_3string != 0) {
-	    PUTS(init_3string);
-	}
-	FLUSH;
+	update_tty_settings(&oldmode, settings);
 	return 0;
     }
 
@@ -228,7 +206,9 @@
 #if !PURE_TERMINFO
   retry:
 #endif
-    if ((status = tigetflag(name)) != -1) {
+    if (strcmp(name, "clear") == 0) {
+	return (clear_cmd(opt_x) == ERR) ? ErrUsage : 0;
+    } else if ((status = tigetflag(name)) != -1) {
 	return exit_code(BOOLEAN, status);
     } else if ((status = tigetnum(name)) != CANCELLED_NUMERIC) {
 	(void) printf("%d\n", status);
@@ -242,39 +222,40 @@
 	    if ((np = _nc_find_entry(name, _nc_get_hash_table(termcap))) != 0) {
 		switch (np->nte_type) {
 		case BOOLEAN:
-		    if (bool_from_termcap[np->nte_index])
-			name = boolnames[np->nte_index];
+		    name = boolnames[np->nte_index];
 		    break;
 
 		case NUMBER:
-		    if (num_from_termcap[np->nte_index])
-			name = numnames[np->nte_index];
+		    name = numnames[np->nte_index];
 		    break;
 
 		case STRING:
-		    if (str_from_termcap[np->nte_index])
-			name = strnames[np->nte_index];
+		    name = strnames[np->nte_index];
 		    break;
 		}
 		goto retry;
 	    }
 	}
 #endif
-	quit(4, "unknown terminfo capability '%s'", name);
-    } else if (s != ABSENT_STRING) {
+	quit(ErrCapName, "unknown terminfo capability '%s'", name);
+    } else if (VALID_STRING(s)) {
 	if (argc > 1) {
 	    int k;
-	    int ignored;
+	    int narg;
+	    int analyzed;
+	    int provided;
+	    int popcount;
 	    long numbers[1 + NUM_PARM];
 	    char *strings[1 + NUM_PARM];
 	    char *p_is_s[NUM_PARM];
+	    TParams paramType;
 
 	    /* Nasty hack time. The tparm function needs to see numeric
 	     * parameters as numbers, not as pointers to their string
 	     * representations
 	     */
 
-	    for (k = 1; k < argc; k++) {
+	    for (k = 1; (k < argc) && (k <= NUM_PARM); k++) {
 		char *tmp = 0;
 		strings[k] = argv[k];
 		numbers[k] = strtol(argv[k], &tmp, 0);
@@ -286,16 +267,81 @@
 		strings[k] = 0;
 	    }
 
-	    switch (tparm_type(name)) {
+	    paramType = tparm_type(name);
+#if NCURSES_XNAMES
+	    /*
+	     * If the capability is an extended one, analyze the string.
+	     */
+	    if (paramType == Numbers) {
+		struct name_table_entry const *entry_ptr;
+		entry_ptr = _nc_find_type_entry(name, STRING, FALSE);
+		if (entry_ptr == NULL) {
+		    paramType = Other;
+		}
+	    }
+#endif
+
+	    popcount = 0;
+	    _nc_reset_tparm(NULL);
+	    /*
+	     * Count the number of numeric parameters which are provided.
+	     */
+	    provided = 0;
+	    for (narg = 1; narg < argc; ++narg) {
+		char *ending = NULL;
+		long check = strtol(argv[narg], &ending, 0);
+		if (check < 0 || ending == argv[narg] || *ending != '\0')
+		    break;
+		provided = narg;
+	    }
+	    switch (paramType) {
+	    case Str:
+		s = TPARM_1(s, strings[1]);
+		analyzed = 1;
+		if (provided == 0 && argc >= 1)
+		    provided++;
+		break;
+	    case Str_Str:
+		s = TPARM_2(s, strings[1], strings[2]);
+		analyzed = 2;
+		if (provided == 0 && argc >= 1)
+		    provided++;
+		if (provided == 1 && argc >= 2)
+		    provided++;
+		break;
 	    case Num_Str:
 		s = TPARM_2(s, numbers[1], strings[2]);
+		analyzed = 2;
+		if (provided == 1 && argc >= 2)
+		    provided++;
 		break;
 	    case Num_Str_Str:
 		s = TPARM_3(s, numbers[1], strings[2], strings[3]);
+		analyzed = 3;
+		if (provided == 1 && argc >= 2)
+		    provided++;
+		if (provided == 2 && argc >= 3)
+		    provided++;
 		break;
 	    case Numbers:
+		analyzed = _nc_tparm_analyze(NULL, s, p_is_s, &popcount);
+#define myParam(n) numbers[n]
+		s = TIPARM_9(s,
+			     myParam(1),
+			     myParam(2),
+			     myParam(3),
+			     myParam(4),
+			     myParam(5),
+			     myParam(6),
+			     myParam(7),
+			     myParam(8),
+			     myParam(9));
+#undef myParam
+		break;
+	    case Other:
+		/* FALLTHRU */
 	    default:
-		(void) _nc_tparm_analyze(s, p_is_s, &ignored);
+		analyzed = _nc_tparm_analyze(NULL, s, p_is_s, &popcount);
 #define myParam(n) (p_is_s[n - 1] != 0 ? ((TPARM_ARG) strings[n]) : numbers[n])
 		s = TPARM_9(s,
 			    myParam(1),
@@ -307,8 +353,19 @@
 			    myParam(7),
 			    myParam(8),
 			    myParam(9));
+#undef myParam
 		break;
 	    }
+	    if (analyzed < popcount) {
+		analyzed = popcount;
+	    }
+	    if (opt_v && (analyzed != provided)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s parameters for \"%s\"\n",
+			_nc_progname,
+			(analyzed < provided ? "extra" : "missing"),
+			argv[0]);
+	    }
+	    *used += provided;
 	}
 
 	/* use putp() in order to perform padding */
@@ -327,78 +384,122 @@
     int c;
     char buf[BUFSIZ];
     int result = 0;
+    int fd;
+    int used;
+    TTY old_settings;
+    TTY tty_settings;
+    bool is_alias;
+    bool need_tty;
 
-    check_aliases(prg_name = _nc_rootname(argv[0]));
+    _nc_progname = check_aliases(_nc_rootname(argv[0]), TRUE);
+    is_alias = (is_clear || is_reset || is_init);
 
     term = getenv("TERM");
 
-    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ST:V")) != -1) {
+    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, is_alias ? "T:Vvx" : "ST:Vvx")) != -1) {
 	switch (c) {
 	case 'S':
 	    cmdline = FALSE;
 	    break;
 	case 'T':
 	    use_env(FALSE);
+	    use_tioctl(TRUE);
 	    term = optarg;
 	    break;
 	case 'V':
 	    puts(curses_version());
 	    ExitProgram(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+	case 'v':		/* verbose */
+	    opt_v = TRUE;
+	    break;
+	case 'x':		/* do not try to clear scrollback */
+	    opt_x = TRUE;
+	    break;
 	default:
-	    usage();
+	    usage(is_alias ? "TVx" : NULL);
 	    /* NOTREACHED */
 	}
     }
 
+    need_tty = ((is_reset || is_init) ||
+		(optind < argc &&
+		 (!strcmp(argv[optind], "reset") ||
+		  !strcmp(argv[optind], "init"))));
+
     /*
      * Modify the argument list to omit the options we processed.
      */
-    if (is_reset || is_init) {
+    if (is_alias) {
 	if (optind-- < argc) {
 	    argc -= optind;
 	    argv += optind;
 	}
-	argv[0] = prg_name;
+	argv[0] = strdup(_nc_progname);
     } else {
 	argc -= optind;
 	argv += optind;
     }
 
     if (term == 0 || *term == '\0')
-	quit(2, "No value for $TERM and no -T specified");
+	quit(ErrUsage, "No value for $TERM and no -T specified");
 
-    if (setupterm(term, STDOUT_FILENO, &errret) != OK && errret <= 0)
-	quit(3, "unknown terminal \"%s\"", term);
+    fd = save_tty_settings(&tty_settings, need_tty);
+    old_settings = tty_settings;
+
+    if (setupterm(term, fd, &errret) != OK && errret <= 0)
+	quit(ErrTermType, "unknown terminal \"%s\"", term);
 
     if (cmdline) {
-	if ((argc <= 0) && !is_reset && !is_init)
-	    usage();
-	ExitProgram(tput(argc, argv));
+	int code = 0;
+	if ((argc <= 0) && !is_alias)
+	    usage(NULL);
+	while (argc > 0) {
+	    tty_settings = old_settings;
+	    code = tput_cmd(fd, &tty_settings, argc, argv, &used);
+	    if (code != 0)
+		break;
+	    argc -= used;
+	    argv += used;
+	}
+	ExitProgram(code);
     }
 
     while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) != 0) {
-	char *argvec[16];	/* command, 9 parms, null, & slop */
+	size_t need = strlen(buf);
+	char **argvec = typeCalloc(char *, need + 1);
+	char **argnow;
 	int argnum = 0;
 	char *cp;
 
-	/* crack the argument list into a dope vector */
+	if (argvec == NULL) {
+	    quit(ErrSystem(1), strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	/* split the buffer into tokens */
 	for (cp = buf; *cp; cp++) {
 	    if (isspace(UChar(*cp))) {
 		*cp = '\0';
-	    } else if (cp == buf || cp[-1] == 0) {
+	    } else if (cp == buf || cp[-1] == '\0') {
 		argvec[argnum++] = cp;
-		if (argnum >= (int) SIZEOF(argvec) - 1)
+		if (argnum >= (int) need)
 		    break;
 	    }
 	}
-	argvec[argnum] = 0;
 
-	if (argnum != 0
-	    && tput(argnum, argvec) != 0) {
-	    if (result == 0)
-		result = 4;	/* will return value >4 */
-	    ++result;
+	argnow = argvec;
+	while (argnum > 0) {
+	    int code;
+	    tty_settings = old_settings;
+	    code = tput_cmd(fd, &tty_settings, argnum, argnow, &used);
+	    if (code != 0) {
+		if (result == 0)
+		    result = ErrSystem(0);	/* will return value >4 */
+		++result;
+	    }
+	    argnum -= used;
+	    argnow += used;
 	}
+	free(argvec);
     }
 
     ExitProgram(result);