Add support to sdk/module_exports to specify required traits

Currently, every sdk member of a specific module type has to be treated
in the same way as every other sdk member of that type. e.g. it is not
possible for an sdk member to use different variants to other members
of the same type.

Adding a new member type for each different way to treat the members is
not scalable as if there were N different ways treat a member then it
would require 2^N types for all the possible combinations.

This adds a new traits mechanism that allows the behavior of member
types to be customized per sdk member. Each member type can specify a
list of supported traits and customize its behavior based on which
traits are required for each member. A trait can be supported by
multiple different member types.

Bug: 195754365
Test: m nothing
Change-Id: I165ac80d208c0402d2a9ffa8085bba29562c19b7
diff --git a/sdk/Android.bp b/sdk/Android.bp
index 0c9bf27..c6544d6 100644
--- a/sdk/Android.bp
+++ b/sdk/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     srcs: [
         "bp.go",
         "exports.go",
+        "member_trait.go",
         "member_type.go",
         "sdk.go",
         "update.go",
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
         "exports_test.go",
         "java_sdk_test.go",
         "license_sdk_test.go",
+        "member_trait_test.go",
         "sdk_test.go",
         "testing.go",
     ],
diff --git a/sdk/member_trait.go b/sdk/member_trait.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85b3e13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/member_trait.go
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sdk
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+
+	"android/soong/android"
+	"github.com/google/blueprint/proptools"
+)
+
+// Contains information about the sdk properties that list sdk members by trait, e.g.
+// native_bridge.
+type sdkMemberTraitListProperty struct {
+	// getter for the list of member names
+	getter func(properties interface{}) []string
+
+	// the trait of member referenced in the list
+	memberTrait android.SdkMemberTrait
+}
+
+// Cache of dynamically generated dynamicSdkMemberTraits objects. The key is the pointer
+// to a slice of SdkMemberTrait instances held in android.RegisteredSdkMemberTraits.
+var dynamicSdkMemberTraitsMap android.OncePer
+
+// A dynamically generated set of member list properties and associated structure type.
+//
+// Instances of this are created by createDynamicSdkMemberTraits.
+type dynamicSdkMemberTraits struct {
+	// The dynamically generated structure type.
+	//
+	// Contains one []string exported field for each android.RegisteredSdkMemberTraits. The name of
+	// the field is the exported form of the value returned by SdkMemberTrait.SdkPropertyName().
+	propertiesStructType reflect.Type
+
+	// Information about each of the member trait specific list properties.
+	memberTraitListProperties []*sdkMemberTraitListProperty
+}
+
+func (d *dynamicSdkMemberTraits) createMemberTraitListProperties() interface{} {
+	return reflect.New(d.propertiesStructType).Interface()
+}
+
+func getDynamicSdkMemberTraits(registry *android.SdkMemberTraitsRegistry) *dynamicSdkMemberTraits {
+
+	// Get a key that uniquely identifies the registry contents.
+	key := registry.UniqueOnceKey()
+
+	// Get the registered traits.
+	registeredTraits := registry.RegisteredTraits()
+
+	// Get the cached value, creating new instance if necessary.
+	return dynamicSdkMemberTraitsMap.Once(key, func() interface{} {
+		return createDynamicSdkMemberTraits(registeredTraits)
+	}).(*dynamicSdkMemberTraits)
+}
+
+// Create the dynamicSdkMemberTraits from the list of registered member traits.
+//
+// A struct is created which contains one exported field per member trait corresponding to
+// the SdkMemberTrait.SdkPropertyName() value.
+//
+// A list of sdkMemberTraitListProperty instances is created, one per member trait that provides:
+// * a reference to the member trait.
+// * a getter for the corresponding field in the properties struct.
+//
+func createDynamicSdkMemberTraits(sdkMemberTraits []android.SdkMemberTrait) *dynamicSdkMemberTraits {
+
+	var listProperties []*sdkMemberTraitListProperty
+	memberTraitToProperty := map[android.SdkMemberTrait]*sdkMemberTraitListProperty{}
+	var fields []reflect.StructField
+
+	// Iterate over the member traits creating StructField and sdkMemberTraitListProperty objects.
+	nextFieldIndex := 0
+	for _, memberTrait := range sdkMemberTraits {
+
+		p := memberTrait.SdkPropertyName()
+
+		var getter func(properties interface{}) []string
+
+		// Create a dynamic exported field for the member trait's property.
+		fields = append(fields, reflect.StructField{
+			Name: proptools.FieldNameForProperty(p),
+			Type: reflect.TypeOf([]string{}),
+		})
+
+		// Copy the field index for use in the getter func as using the loop variable directly will
+		// cause all funcs to use the last value.
+		fieldIndex := nextFieldIndex
+		nextFieldIndex += 1
+
+		getter = func(properties interface{}) []string {
+			// The properties is expected to be of the following form (where
+			// <Module_traits> is the name of an SdkMemberTrait.SdkPropertyName().
+			//     properties *struct {<Module_traits> []string, ....}
+			//
+			// Although it accesses the field by index the following reflection code is equivalent to:
+			//    *properties.<Module_traits>
+			//
+			list := reflect.ValueOf(properties).Elem().Field(fieldIndex).Interface().([]string)
+			return list
+		}
+
+		// Create an sdkMemberTraitListProperty for the member trait.
+		memberListProperty := &sdkMemberTraitListProperty{
+			getter:      getter,
+			memberTrait: memberTrait,
+		}
+
+		memberTraitToProperty[memberTrait] = memberListProperty
+		listProperties = append(listProperties, memberListProperty)
+	}
+
+	// Create a dynamic struct from the collated fields.
+	propertiesStructType := reflect.StructOf(fields)
+
+	return &dynamicSdkMemberTraits{
+		memberTraitListProperties: listProperties,
+		propertiesStructType:      propertiesStructType,
+	}
+}
diff --git a/sdk/member_trait_test.go b/sdk/member_trait_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3db189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/member_trait_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package sdk
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"android/soong/android"
+	"android/soong/java"
+	"github.com/google/blueprint"
+)
+
+type fakeMemberTrait struct {
+	android.SdkMemberTraitBase
+}
+
+type fakeMemberType struct {
+	android.SdkMemberTypeBase
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberType) AddDependencies(ctx android.SdkDependencyContext, dependencyTag blueprint.DependencyTag, names []string) {
+	for _, name := range names {
+		ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, dependencyTag, name)
+
+		if ctx.RequiresTrait(name, extraTrait) {
+			ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, dependencyTag, name+"_extra")
+		}
+		if ctx.RequiresTrait(name, specialTrait) {
+			ctx.AddVariationDependencies(nil, dependencyTag, name+"_special")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberType) IsInstance(module android.Module) bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberType) AddPrebuiltModule(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, member android.SdkMember) android.BpModule {
+	moduleType := "java_import"
+	if ctx.RequiresTrait(extraTrait) {
+		moduleType = "java_test_import"
+	}
+	return ctx.SnapshotBuilder().AddPrebuiltModule(member, moduleType)
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberType) CreateVariantPropertiesStruct() android.SdkMemberProperties {
+	return &fakeMemberTypeProperties{}
+}
+
+type fakeMemberTypeProperties struct {
+	android.SdkMemberPropertiesBase
+
+	path android.Path
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberTypeProperties) PopulateFromVariant(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, variant android.Module) {
+	headerJars := variant.(java.ApexDependency).HeaderJars()
+	if len(headerJars) != 1 {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("there must be only one header jar from %q", variant.Name()))
+	}
+
+	t.path = headerJars[0]
+}
+
+func (t *fakeMemberTypeProperties) AddToPropertySet(ctx android.SdkMemberContext, propertySet android.BpPropertySet) {
+	if t.path != nil {
+		relative := filepath.Join("javalibs", t.path.Base())
+		ctx.SnapshotBuilder().CopyToSnapshot(t.path, relative)
+		propertySet.AddProperty("jars", []string{relative})
+	}
+}
+
+var (
+	extraTrait = &fakeMemberTrait{
+		SdkMemberTraitBase: android.SdkMemberTraitBase{
+			PropertyName: "extra",
+		},
+	}
+
+	specialTrait = &fakeMemberTrait{
+		SdkMemberTraitBase: android.SdkMemberTraitBase{
+			PropertyName: "special",
+		},
+	}
+
+	fakeType = &fakeMemberType{
+		SdkMemberTypeBase: android.SdkMemberTypeBase{
+			PropertyName: "fake_members",
+			SupportsSdk:  true,
+			Traits: []android.SdkMemberTrait{
+				extraTrait,
+				specialTrait,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	android.RegisterSdkMemberTrait(extraTrait)
+	android.RegisterSdkMemberTrait(specialTrait)
+	android.RegisterSdkMemberType(fakeType)
+}
+
+func TestBasicTrait_WithoutTrait(t *testing.T) {
+	result := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
+		prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
+		android.FixtureWithRootAndroidBp(`
+			sdk {
+				name: "mysdk",
+				fake_members: ["myjavalib"],
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "myjavalib",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+		`),
+	).RunTest(t)
+
+	CheckSnapshot(t, result, "mysdk", "",
+		checkUnversionedAndroidBpContents(`
+// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+java_import {
+    name: "myjavalib",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+`),
+		checkVersionedAndroidBpContents(`
+// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+java_import {
+    name: "mysdk_myjavalib@current",
+    sdk_member_name: "myjavalib",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+sdk_snapshot {
+    name: "mysdk@current",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    fake_members: ["mysdk_myjavalib@current"],
+}
+`),
+	)
+}
+
+func TestBasicTrait_MultipleTraits(t *testing.T) {
+	result := android.GroupFixturePreparers(
+		prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
+		android.FixtureWithRootAndroidBp(`
+			sdk {
+				name: "mysdk",
+				fake_members: ["myjavalib", "anotherjavalib"],
+				traits: {
+					extra: ["myjavalib"],
+					special: ["myjavalib", "anotherjavalib"],
+				},
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "myjavalib",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "myjavalib_extra",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "myjavalib_special",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "anotherjavalib",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "anotherjavalib_special",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+		`),
+	).RunTest(t)
+
+	CheckSnapshot(t, result, "mysdk", "",
+		checkUnversionedAndroidBpContents(`
+// This is auto-generated. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+java_test_import {
+    name: "myjavalib",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/myjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "myjavalib_extra",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/myjavalib_extra.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "myjavalib_special",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/myjavalib_special.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "anotherjavalib",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/anotherjavalib.jar"],
+}
+
+java_import {
+    name: "anotherjavalib_special",
+    prefer: false,
+    visibility: ["//visibility:public"],
+    apex_available: ["//apex_available:platform"],
+    jars: ["javalibs/anotherjavalib_special.jar"],
+}
+`),
+	)
+}
+
+func TestTraitUnsupportedByMemberType(t *testing.T) {
+	android.GroupFixturePreparers(
+		prepareForSdkTestWithJava,
+		android.FixtureWithRootAndroidBp(`
+			sdk {
+				name: "mysdk",
+				java_header_libs: ["myjavalib"],
+				traits: {
+					extra: ["myjavalib"],
+				},
+			}
+
+			java_library {
+				name: "myjavalib",
+				srcs: ["Test.java"],
+				system_modules: "none",
+				sdk_version: "none",
+			}
+		`),
+	).ExtendWithErrorHandler(android.FixtureExpectsAtLeastOneErrorMatchingPattern(
+		`\Qsdk member "myjavalib" has traits [extra] that are unsupported by its member type "java_header_libs"\E`)).
+		RunTest(t)
+}
diff --git a/sdk/sdk.go b/sdk/sdk.go
index 6dea752..949a4b4 100644
--- a/sdk/sdk.go
+++ b/sdk/sdk.go
@@ -53,6 +53,13 @@
 	// list properties, e.g. java_libs.
 	dynamicMemberTypeListProperties interface{}
 
+	// The dynamically generated information about the registered SdkMemberTrait
+	dynamicSdkMemberTraits *dynamicSdkMemberTraits
+
+	// The dynamically created instance of the properties struct containing the sdk member trait
+	// list properties.
+	dynamicMemberTraitListProperties interface{}
+
 	// Information about the OsType specific member variants depended upon by this variant.
 	//
 	// Set by OsType specific variants in the collectMembers() method and used by the
@@ -114,7 +121,20 @@
 	// Create an instance of the dynamically created struct that contains all the
 	// properties for the member type specific list properties.
 	s.dynamicMemberTypeListProperties = s.dynamicSdkMemberTypes.createMemberTypeListProperties()
-	s.AddProperties(&s.properties, s.dynamicMemberTypeListProperties)
+
+	traitRegistry := android.RegisteredSdkMemberTraits
+	s.dynamicSdkMemberTraits = getDynamicSdkMemberTraits(traitRegistry)
+	// Create an instance of the dynamically created struct that contains all the properties for the
+	// member trait specific list properties.
+	s.dynamicMemberTraitListProperties = s.dynamicSdkMemberTraits.createMemberTraitListProperties()
+
+	// Create a wrapper around the dynamic trait specific properties so that they have to be
+	// specified within a traits:{} section in the .bp file.
+	traitsWrapper := struct {
+		Traits interface{}
+	}{s.dynamicMemberTraitListProperties}
+
+	s.AddProperties(&s.properties, s.dynamicMemberTypeListProperties, &traitsWrapper)
 
 	// Make sure that the prebuilt visibility property is verified for errors.
 	android.AddVisibilityProperty(s, "prebuilt_visibility", &s.properties.Prebuilt_visibility)
@@ -145,6 +165,11 @@
 	return s.dynamicSdkMemberTypes.memberTypeToProperty[memberType]
 }
 
+// memberTraitListProperties returns the list of *sdkMemberTraitListProperty instances for this sdk.
+func (s *sdk) memberTraitListProperties() []*sdkMemberTraitListProperty {
+	return s.dynamicSdkMemberTraits.memberTraitListProperties
+}
+
 func (s *sdk) snapshot() bool {
 	return s.properties.Snapshot
 }
@@ -198,15 +223,53 @@
 	}}
 }
 
+// gatherTraits gathers the traits from the dynamically generated trait specific properties.
+//
+// Returns a map from member name to the set of required traits.
+func (s *sdk) gatherTraits() map[string]android.SdkMemberTraitSet {
+	traitListByMember := map[string][]android.SdkMemberTrait{}
+	for _, memberListProperty := range s.memberTraitListProperties() {
+		names := memberListProperty.getter(s.dynamicMemberTraitListProperties)
+		for _, name := range names {
+			traitListByMember[name] = append(traitListByMember[name], memberListProperty.memberTrait)
+		}
+	}
+
+	traitSetByMember := map[string]android.SdkMemberTraitSet{}
+	for name, list := range traitListByMember {
+		traitSetByMember[name] = android.NewSdkMemberTraitSet(list)
+	}
+
+	return traitSetByMember
+}
+
 // newDependencyContext creates a new SdkDependencyContext for this sdk.
 func (s *sdk) newDependencyContext(mctx android.BottomUpMutatorContext) android.SdkDependencyContext {
+	traits := s.gatherTraits()
+
 	return &dependencyContext{
 		BottomUpMutatorContext: mctx,
+		requiredTraits:         traits,
 	}
 }
 
 type dependencyContext struct {
 	android.BottomUpMutatorContext
+
+	// Map from member name to the set of traits that the sdk requires the member provides.
+	requiredTraits map[string]android.SdkMemberTraitSet
+}
+
+func (d *dependencyContext) RequiredTraits(name string) android.SdkMemberTraitSet {
+	if s, ok := d.requiredTraits[name]; ok {
+		return s
+	} else {
+		return android.EmptySdkMemberTraitSet()
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *dependencyContext) RequiresTrait(name string, trait android.SdkMemberTrait) bool {
+	return d.RequiredTraits(name).Contains(trait)
 }
 
 var _ android.SdkDependencyContext = (*dependencyContext)(nil)
@@ -287,8 +350,21 @@
 				}
 				names := memberListProperty.getter(s.dynamicMemberTypeListProperties)
 				if len(names) > 0 {
+					memberType := memberListProperty.memberType
+
+					// Verify that the member type supports the specified traits.
+					supportedTraits := memberType.SupportedTraits()
+					for _, name := range names {
+						requiredTraits := ctx.RequiredTraits(name)
+						unsupportedTraits := requiredTraits.Subtract(supportedTraits)
+						if !unsupportedTraits.Empty() {
+							ctx.ModuleErrorf("sdk member %q has traits %s that are unsupported by its member type %q", name, unsupportedTraits, memberType.SdkPropertyName())
+						}
+					}
+
+					// Add dependencies using the appropriate tag.
 					tag := memberListProperty.dependencyTag
-					memberListProperty.memberType.AddDependencies(ctx, tag, names)
+					memberType.AddDependencies(ctx, tag, names)
 				}
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/sdk/update.go b/sdk/update.go
index 89a5c92..e889f3a 100644
--- a/sdk/update.go
+++ b/sdk/update.go
@@ -393,10 +393,18 @@
 	members := s.groupMemberVariantsByMemberThenType(ctx, memberVariantDeps)
 
 	// Create the prebuilt modules for each of the member modules.
+	traits := s.gatherTraits()
 	for _, member := range members {
 		memberType := member.memberType
 
-		memberCtx := &memberContext{ctx, builder, memberType, member.name}
+		name := member.name
+		requiredTraits := traits[name]
+		if requiredTraits == nil {
+			requiredTraits = android.EmptySdkMemberTraitSet()
+		}
+
+		// Create the snapshot for the member.
+		memberCtx := &memberContext{ctx, builder, memberType, name, requiredTraits}
 
 		prebuiltModule := memberType.AddPrebuiltModule(memberCtx, member)
 		s.createMemberSnapshot(memberCtx, member, prebuiltModule.(*bpModule))
@@ -1651,6 +1659,9 @@
 	builder          *snapshotBuilder
 	memberType       android.SdkMemberType
 	name             string
+
+	// The set of traits required of this member.
+	requiredTraits android.SdkMemberTraitSet
 }
 
 func (m *memberContext) SdkModuleContext() android.ModuleContext {
@@ -1669,6 +1680,10 @@
 	return m.name
 }
 
+func (m *memberContext) RequiresTrait(trait android.SdkMemberTrait) bool {
+	return m.requiredTraits.Contains(trait)
+}
+
 func (s *sdk) createMemberSnapshot(ctx *memberContext, member *sdkMember, bpModule *bpModule) {
 
 	memberType := member.memberType